Tropical Storm Zelda (1991) (Wikipedia featured)
Severe Tropical Storm Zelda was the last tropical cyclone of the 1991 Pacific typhoon season; it struck the Marshall Islands on November 28.
强热带风暴塞尔达是 1991 年太平洋台风季的最后一个热带气旋； 11 月 28 日袭击马绍尔群岛。
The area of low pressure that eventually became Zelda formed near the International Date Line, and strengthened into a tropical depression on November 27.
最终成为塞尔达的低压区在国际日期变更线附近形成，并于 11 月 27 日增强为热带低气压。
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that the depression had reached tropical storm intensity near the Marshall Islands on November 28, thus naming it Zelda.
联合台风预警中心（JTWC）报告称，11月28日该低气压在马绍尔群岛附近达到热带风暴强度，因此将其命名为“塞尔达”。
On November 29, the storm quickly strengthened to 65 knots (120 km/h; 75 mph) according to the JTWC, equivalent to a Category 1 typhoon on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.
据联合台风中心称，11 月 29 日，风暴迅速增强至 65 节（120 公里/小时；75 英里/小时），相当于萨菲尔-辛普森飓风等级的 1 级台风。
It reached a peak of 80 kn (150 km/h; 90 mph) according to the JTWC, and 60 kn (110 km/h; 70 mph) according to the Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA), with a barometric pressure of 975 hectopascals (28.8 inHg).
根据 JTWC 的数据，最高时速为 80 节（150 公里/小时；90 英里/小时）；根据日本气象厅 (JMA) 的数据，最高时速为 60 节（110 公里/小时；70 英里/小时），气压为 975 百帕斯卡（28.8 英寸汞柱）。
Zelda weakened into a tropical storm on December 2, and then a tropical depression two days later.
12 月 2 日，塞尔达减弱为热带风暴，两天后又减弱为热带低气压。
The JTWC discontinued warnings late on December 4, while the JMA declared the storm to be extratropical the next day and continued to track until it crossed the International Date Line again on December 7.
JTWC 于 12 月 4 日晚些时候停止发出警告，而 JMA 于第二天宣布该风暴为温带风暴，并继续追踪，直至 12 月 7 日再次越过国际日期变更线。
Zelda caused significant damage in the Marshall Islands, and operations at Kwajalein Missile Range were disrupted severely.
塞尔达在马绍尔群岛造成了严重破坏，夸贾林岛导弹靶场的运作也受到严重干扰。
No deaths or injuries were reported.
没有死亡或受伤的报告。
About 60 percent of homes were destroyed in Ebeye Island, leaving 6,000 people without residence.
埃贝耶岛约 60% 的房屋被毁，导致 6,000 人无家可归。
Nearly all crops on the islands were destroyed, and food and other supplies were contaminated by salt.
岛上几乎所有农作物都被毁坏，食物和其他供应品被盐污染。
Later in December, the president of the United States, George H.
12 月晚些时候，美国总统乔治·H·布什 (George H.
W.
W.
Bush declared the storm to be a major disaster, allowing the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to assist with funding and repairs.
布什宣布这场风暴是一场重大灾难，允许联邦紧急事务管理局 (FEMA) 协助提供资金和修复。
The Marshall Islands also requested funds from other countries.
马绍尔群岛还向其他国家请求资金。
Westerly winds near the equator – associated with an ongoing El Niño event – assisted in spawning a weak area of low pressure in late November 1991 near the International Date Line.
1991 年 11 月下旬，赤道附近的西风（与正在进行的厄尔尼诺事件有关）在国际日期变更线附近形成了一个弱低压区。
The JTWC began tracking the area on the Significant Tropical Weather Advisory at 06:00 UTC on November 25.
世界标准时间 11 月 25 日 06:00，联合台风警报中心开始在重要热带天气警报中跟踪该地区。
Vertical wind shear prevented strengthening at first, but the disturbance continued to develop.
垂直风切变最初阻止了增强，但扰动继续发展。
A tropical cyclone formation alert from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) soon followed.
联合台风预警中心（JTWC）很快发布了热带气旋形成警报。
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started tracking the disturbance at 06:00 UTC on November 27, and the JTWC issued their first warning 18 hours later on the depression, naming it 31W.
日本气象厅 (JMA) 于 11 月 27 日世界标准时间 06:00 开始追踪此次风暴，18 小时后 JTWC 发布了关于低气压的首次警报，将其命名为 31W。
The depression quickly intensified, and it was designated a tropical storm at 00:00 UTC on November 28 by the JTWC, with winds of 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph).
低气压迅速增强，并于 11 月 28 日 UTC 时间 00:00 被 JTWC 认定为热带风暴，风速为 35 节（65 公里/小时；40 英里/小时）。
Operationally, the storm was upgraded twenty-four hours later and given the name Zelda, after Kwajalein received stronger winds than expected.
在操作上，夸贾林环礁遭遇比预期更强的风力后，二十四小时后风暴升级并被命名为塞尔达。
The JTWC attributed the delay to the small size of the storm, the poorly organized outflow, and the lack of visible and infrared image pairs for analysis.
联合台风警报中心将延迟归因于风暴规模较小、外流组织不良以及缺乏用于分析的可见光和红外图像对。
The JMA upgraded the storm at 03:00 UTC on November 29, then to a severe tropical storm eighteen hours later.
JMA 在 11 月 29 日世界标准时间 03:00 将风暴升级为强热带风暴，18 小时后升级为强热带风暴。
The JTWC reported that Zelda intensified into a typhoon at 12:00 UTC near the Marshall Islands, with winds of 65 kn (120 km/h; 75 mph), equivalent to a Category 1 on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.
JTWC 报告称，塞尔达于世界标准时间 12:00 在马绍尔群岛附近增强为台风，风速为 65 节（120 公里/小时；75 英里/小时），相当于萨菲尔-辛普森飓风等级的 1 级。
At that time, the JMA kept it as a tropical storm with winds of 45 kn (85 km/h; 50 mph), with a pressure reading of 990 hectopascals (29 inHg).
当时，日本气象厅将其定性为热带风暴，风速为 45 海里（85 公里/小时；50 英里/小时），气压读数为 990 百帕斯卡（29 英寸汞柱）。
Around 06:00 UTC on November 30, the JMA estimated Zelda had reached its peak at 60 kn (110 km/h; 70 mph), with a barometric pressure of 975 hPa (28.8 inHg).
世界标准时间 11 月 30 日 06:00 左右，JMA 估计 Zelda 已达到峰值，速度为 60 节（110 公里/小时；70 英里/小时），气压为 975 hPa（28.8 英寸汞柱）。
Six hours later, the JTWC reported the storm had strengthened to maximum sustained winds of 80 kn (150 km/h; 90 mph), west of Enewetak.
六小时后，联合台风警报中心报告称，埃尼威塔克以西的风暴已增强至最大持续风速 80 节（150 公里/小时；90 英里/小时）。
Later, a trough created by Typhoon Yuri caused the subtropical ridge to weaken, allowing Zelda to move northward.
后来，台风尤里形成的低压槽导致副热带高压脊减弱，使塞尔达得以向北移动。
By December 1, the storm began to weaken and turned northeast.
到12月1日，风暴开始减弱并转向东北。
On December 2, the JMA reported the storm's winds had decreased to 50 kn (95 km/h; 60 mph).
12 月 2 日，日本气象局报告称，风暴的风速已降至 50 节（95 公里/小时；60 英里/小时）。
The JTWC reported the storm weakened below typhoon strength on 18:00 UTC of the same day, with winds of 60 kn (110 km/h; 70 mph).
JTWC 报告称，协调世界时当天 18:00，风暴减弱至台风强度以下，风速为 60 海里（110 公里/小时；70 英里/小时）。
Upper-level winds and westerlies soon increased, and Zelda's central convection became sheared.
高层风和西风很快增强，塞尔达的中心对流变得剪切。
The JMA downgraded Zelda to a tropical storm on December 3, and to a tropical depression later that day.
JMA 在 12 月 3 日将塞尔达降级为热带风暴，并于当天晚些时候将其降级为热带低气压。
A few hours later, the JTWC downgraded the storm to a tropical depression, as it unexpectedly turned to the northwest.
几个小时后，联合台风预警中心将风暴降级为热带低气压，因为它意外地转向西北方向。
The low-level circulation of the storm detached from the cold front, and the JTWC issued the last warning of the year.
风暴的低层环流脱离了冷锋，联合台风警告中心发布了今年最后一次警告。
The depression turned back northeast, the JMA declared the storm to be extratropical on December 5, and the agency stopped tracking it just past the International Date Line on December 7.
低气压转向东北，JMA 于 12 月 5 日宣布该风暴为温带风暴，并于 12 月 7 日在国际日期变更线刚过时停止对其进行追踪。
Remnants of the storm moved inland into northern British Columbia by December 8.
12 月 8 日，风暴余波向内陆移动，进入不列颠哥伦比亚省北部。
Zelda was the first of three storms to strike the Marshall Islands within one year, just before Axel and Gay in 1992.
塞尔达风暴是一年内袭击马绍尔群岛的三场风暴中的第一场，就在 1992 年的阿克塞尔风暴和盖伊风暴之前。
The storm affected Marshall Islands on November 28, producing sustained winds ranging from 120–160 km/h (75–100 mph).
这场风暴于 11 月 28 日影响了马绍尔群岛，产生了 120-160 公里/小时（75-100 英里/小时）的持续风速。
The storm impacted islands of Kwajalein, Majuro, Lae, Wotho, and Eniwetok.
风暴影响了夸贾林岛、马朱罗岛、莱城岛、沃托岛和埃尼威托克岛。
Kwajalein Missile Range, which was used in Strategic Defense Initiative testing, caught stronger winds than expected from the storm, affecting operations at the missile range.
用于战略防御计划测试的夸贾林岛导弹靶场遭遇风暴，风力比预期更强，影响了导弹靶场的运行。
A pressure of 990.1 hPa (29.24 inHg) was recorded on Kwajalein, which was the lowest pressure recorded on the atoll at that time.
夸贾林环礁记录到的气压为 990.1 hPa（29.24 英寸汞柱），这是当时环礁记录的最低气压。
On Ebeye Island, 60 percent of homes made of plywood and sheet-iron roofs were destroyed by the storm, and 6,000 people were left homeless.
在埃贝耶岛，60% 的胶合板和铁皮屋顶房屋被风暴摧毁，6,000 人无家可归。
Food and water supplies were contaminated from salt in storm surge, and the water desalination plant became inoperable.
风暴潮中的盐分污染了食品和供水系统，海水淡化厂也无法运行。
Power lines were cut across the island.
全岛电源线被切断。
There were no deaths or significant injuries.
没有人员死亡或重伤。
Other islands in the nation had their water contaminated by saltwater, and 95 percent of the crops were destroyed by the storm surge.
该国其他岛屿的水被盐水污染，95% 的农作物被风暴潮摧毁。
Coral reefs were also heavily damaged when the storm came nearby.
当风暴袭来时，珊瑚礁也遭到严重破坏。
As an extratropical cyclone, Zelda bought heavy rain and 110 km/h (70 mph) winds to Southeast Alaska.
作为温带气旋，塞尔达给阿拉斯加东南部带来了大雨和 110 公里/小时（70 英里/小时）的风。
Heavy snow was reported in northern British Columbia, and lesser amounts inland British Columbia and southern Yukon.
据报道，不列颠哥伦比亚省北部有大雪，不列颠哥伦比亚省内陆和育空地区南部也有少量降雪。
The United States Army engaged in clean up and repairing in the country.
美国陆军在该国从事清理和修复工作。
On December 6, the 834th Airlift Division sent six C-130s to Kwajalein with supplies.
12 月 6 日，第 834 空运师向夸贾林环礁派遣了 6 架 C-130 运送补给。
On the same day, President of the United States George H.
同一天，美国总统乔治·H·布什 (George H.
W.
W.
Bush, through the Compact of Free Association, declared a major disaster in the Marshall Islands, allowing federal funding to be sent to the Arno, Aur, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Namu and Ujae islands.
布什通过《自由联合契约》宣布马绍尔群岛发生重大灾难，允许向阿诺岛、奥尔岛、夸贾林岛、莱城岛、利布岛、纳穆岛和乌贾岛提供联邦资金。
United States Senator Daniel Akaka visited Ebeye after the storm, and he criticized the response of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), as the funding did not cover repairing of structures regarded as substandard.
风暴过后，美国参议员丹尼尔·阿卡卡 (Daniel Akaka) 访问了埃比耶 (Ebeye)，他批评联邦紧急事务管理局 (FEMA) 的反应，因为资金不包括修复被视为不合格的建筑物。
The Government of the Marshall Islands requested for aid via United Nations Disaster Relief Organization (UNDRO) on December 18.
12月18日，马绍尔群岛政府向联合国救灾组织（UNDRO）请求援助。
By December 19, 1,380 people were still living in temporary shelters.
截至12月19日，仍有1380人住在临时避难所中。
By March 26, 1992, about $98,000 (1992 USD, equivalent to $224,840 in 2025) worth of relief goods were sent to the Marshall Islands from UNDRO, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and Government of Australia.
截至 1992 年 3 月 26 日，UNDRO、联合国开发计划署 (UNDP) 和澳大利亚政府已向马绍尔群岛发送了价值约 98,000 美元（1992 年美元，相当于 2025 年 224,840 美元）的救援物资。
FEMA sent $1.518 million (1992 USD, equivalent to $3,482,725 in 2025) to affected families.
FEMA 向受影响家庭捐赠了 151.8 万美元（1992 年美元，相当于 2025 年的 3,482,725 美元）。
Critical infrastructure in Ebeye were repaired by the Kwajalein Atoll Development Authority by November 1992.
1992 年 11 月，夸贾林环礁开发局修复了埃贝耶的关键基础设施。
Other tropical cyclones named Zelda
其他名为塞尔达的热带气旋
List of Alaska tropical cyclones
阿拉斯加热带气旋列表
Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 199129 (ZELDA)
数字台风：台风 199129（塞尔达传说）
Pictures of damage in Kwajalein Archived September 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
夸贾林环礁损坏的图片 存档日期: 2020年9月15日, Wayback Machine