Shōkaku-class aircraft carrier (Wikipedia featured)
The Shōkaku class (翔鶴型, Shōkaku-gata) consisted of two aircraft carriers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1930s.
翔鹤级（翔鹤型，Shōkaku-gata）由 20 世纪 30 年代末为日本帝国海军 (IJN) 建造的两艘航空母舰组成。
Completed shortly before the start of the Pacific War in 1941, the Shōkaku and Zuikaku were called "arguably the best aircraft carriers in the world" when built.
翔鹤号和瑞鹤号于 1941 年太平洋战争爆发前不久竣工，建成时被称为“可以说是世界上最好的航空母舰”。
With the exception of the Battle of Midway, they participated in every major naval action of the Pacific War, including the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Indian Ocean Raid, the Battle of the Coral Sea, the Guadalcanal Campaign, the Battle of the Philippine Sea and the Battle of Leyte Gulf (Zuikaku only).
除中途岛海战外，他们参加了太平洋战争的每一次重大海上行动，包括偷袭珍珠港、印度洋突袭、珊瑚海海战、瓜达尔卡纳尔岛战役、菲律宾海海战和莱特湾海战（仅限瑞鹤岛海战）。
Their inexperienced air groups were relegated to airfield attacks during the attack on Pearl Harbor, but they later sank two of the four fleet carriers lost by the United States Navy during the war in addition to one elderly British light carrier.
他们缺乏经验的航空大队在珍珠港袭击期间被降级为机场袭击，但后来他们击沉了美国海军在战争期间损失的四艘舰队航母中的两艘，以及一艘老旧的英国轻型航母。
The sister ships returned to Japan after the Battle of the Coral Sea, one to repair damage and the other to replace aircraft lost during the battle, so neither ship participated in the Battle of Midway in June 1942.
珊瑚海海战后，两艘姊妹舰返回日本，一艘修复损坏，另一艘更换战斗中损失的飞机，因此两艘船都没有参加 1942 年 6 月的中途岛海战。
After the catastrophic losses of four carriers during that battle, they formed the bulk of the IJN's carrier force for the rest of the war.
在那场战斗中，四艘航空母舰遭受灾难性损失后，它们在战争余下的时间里构成了日本海军航空母舰部队的主力。
As such they were the primary counterattack force deployed against the American invasion of Guadalcanal in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in August.
因此，他们是八月东所罗门海战中针对美国入侵瓜达尔卡纳尔岛部署的主要反击部队。
Two months later, they attempted to support a major offensive by the Imperial Japanese Army to push the United States Marines off Guadalcanal.
两个月后，他们试图支持日本帝国陆军的大规模进攻，将美国海军陆战队赶出瓜达尔卡纳尔岛。
This resulted in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands where they crippled one American carrier and damaged another in exchange for damage to Shōkaku and a light carrier.
这导致了圣克鲁斯群岛海战，他们击伤了一艘美国航空母舰并损坏了另一艘航空母舰，以换取翔鹤号和一艘轻型航空母舰的损坏。
Neither attempt succeeded and the Japanese withdrew their remaining forces from Guadalcanal in early 1943 using the air group from Zuikaku to provide cover.
这两次尝试均未成功，日军于 1943 年初利用瑞鹤航空大队提供掩护，从瓜达尔卡纳尔岛撤出剩余部队。
For the next year, the sisters trained before moving south to defend against any American attempt to retake the Mariana Islands or the Philippines.
接下来的一年，姐妹俩在南下之前进行了训练，以防御美国夺回马里亚纳群岛或菲律宾的任何企图。
Shōkaku was sunk by an American submarine during the Battle of the Philippine Sea in June 1944 as the Americans invaded the Marianas and Zuikaku was sacrificed as a decoy four months later during the Battle off Cape Engaño.
1944 年 6 月，美国入侵马里亚纳群岛，翔鹤号在菲律宾海海战中被一艘美国潜艇击沉，四个月后，瑞鹤号在恩加尼奥角海战中作为诱饵牺牲。
The two Shōkaku-class carriers were ordered in 1937 as part of the 3rd Naval Armaments Supplement Program.
两艘翔鹤级航母于 1937 年作为第三次海军军备补充计划的一部分订购。
No longer restricted by the provisions of the Washington Naval Treaty, which had expired in December 1936, and with relaxed budgetary limitations, the IJN sought qualitative superiority over their foreign counterparts.
日本海军不再受到 1936 年 12 月到期的《华盛顿海军条约》条款的限制，并且放松了预算限制，力求在质量上优于外国海军。
Drawing on experience with their existing carriers, the Navy General Staff laid out an ambitious requirement for a ship that equaled the 96-aircraft capacity of the Akagi and Kaga, the speed of Sōryū and Hiryū and the defensive armament of Kaga.
借鉴现有航母的经验，海军总参谋部提出了雄心勃勃的要求，要求一艘舰艇的容量应与赤城号和加贺号的 96 架飞机容量、苍龙号和飞龙号的速度以及加贺号的防御武器相当。
The new ship was also to have superior protection and range over any of the existing carriers.
这艘新船还具有比任何现有航母更优越的防护能力和航程。
The Basic Design Section of the Navy Technical Department decided upon an enlarged and improved Hiryū design with the island on the port side, amidships.
海军技术部的基本设计部门决定扩大和改进飞龙岛的设计，该岛位于船中部的左舷。
After construction of the ships began, the Naval Air Technical Department (NATD) began having second thoughts about the location of the island because it thought that the portside location of the island on Hiryū and Akagi had an adverse impact on airflow over the flight deck.
舰艇建造开始后，海军航空技术部（NATD）开始重新考虑该岛的位置，因为它认为该岛位于飞龙号和赤城号的左舷位置，对飞行甲板上的气流产生了不利影响。
Another issue identified was that the amidships position shortened the available landing area, which had the potential to be problematic in the future as aircraft landing speeds increased with their growing weight.
发现的另一个问题是船中部的位置缩短了可用的着陆区域，这在未来可能会出现问题，因为飞机着陆速度随着重量的增加而增加。
To verify these assumptions, the NATD filmed hundreds of takeoffs and landings aboard Akagi in October–November 1938 and decided to move the island over to the starboard side and further forward, about one-third of the length from the bow.
为了验证这些假设，NATD 在 1938 年 10 月至 11 月期间拍摄了赤城号上的数百次起飞和着陆，并决定将该岛移至右舷侧并进一步向前移动，距离船头大约三分之一的长度。
Shōkaku was the furthest advanced by this point and the supporting structure for the bridge had already been built; rebuilding it would have delayed construction so it was left in place.
翔鹤此时进展最远，桥梁的支撑结构已经建成；重建它会推迟施工，所以它被留在原地。
The changes that had to be made consisted of a 1-meter (3 ft 3 in) widening of the flight deck opposite the island and a corresponding 50-centimeter (20 in) narrowing on the starboard side and the addition of 100 metric tons (98 long tons) of ballast on the port side to re-balance the ship.
必须做出的改变包括将岛对面的飞行甲板加宽1米（3英尺3英寸），将右舷相应缩小50厘米（20英寸），并在左舷增加100公吨（98长吨）的压载物以重新平衡船舶。
The ships had a length of 257.5 meters (844 ft 10 in) overall, a beam of 29 meters (95 ft 2 in), a draft of 9.32 meters (30 ft 7 in) at deep load, and a moulded depth of 23 m (75 ft 6 in).
该船总长为 257.5 米（844 英尺 10 英寸），横梁为 29 米（95 英尺 2 英寸），深载吃水为 9.32 米（30 英尺 7 英寸），型深为 23 m（75 英尺 6 英寸）。
They displaced 32,105 metric tons (31,598 long tons) at deep load.
它们在深负载时排水量为 32,105 公吨（31,598 长吨）。
Based on hydrodynamic research conducted for the Yamato-class battleships, the Shōkaku class received a bulbous bow and twin rudders, both of which were positioned on the centerline abaft the propellers.
基于对大和级战列舰进行的水动力研究，翔鹤级战列舰配备了球鼻艏和双舵，两者都位于螺旋桨后面的中心线上。
Their crew consisted of 1,660 men: 75 commissioned officers, 56 special-duty officers, 71 warrant officers and 1,458 petty officers and crewmen, excluding the air group.
他们有 1,660 名机组人员：75 名军官、56 名特种军官、71 名准尉和 1,458 名士官和机组人员（不包括航空兵）。
The Shōkaku-class ships were fitted with four Kampon geared steam turbine sets, each driving one 4.2-meter (13 ft 9 in) propeller, using steam provided by eight Kampon Type Model B water-tube boilers.
翔鹤级船舶配备了四台 Kampon 齿轮蒸汽轮机组，每组驱动一个 4.2 米（13 英尺 9 英寸）的螺旋桨，使用八台 Kampon B 型水管锅炉提供的蒸汽。
With a working pressure of 30 kg/cm2 (2,942 kPa; 427 psi), the boilers gave the turbines enough steam to generate a total of 160,000 shaft horsepower (120,000 kW) and a designed speed of 34.5 knots (63.9 km/h; 39.7 mph).
工作压力为 30 kg/cm2（2,942 kPa；427 psi），锅炉为涡轮机提供足够的蒸汽，产生总计 160,000 轴马力（120,000 kW），设计速度为 34.5 节（63.9 km/h；39.7 mph）。
This was the most powerful propulsion system in IJN service, 10,000 and 8,000 shaft horsepower (7,500 and 6,000 kW) more than the Yamato class and the Mogami-class cruiser, respectively.
这是日本海军服役中最强大的推进系统，分别比大和级和最上级巡洋舰多 10,000 和 8,000 轴马力（7,500 和 6,000 kW）。
During their sea trials, the sister ships achieved 34.37–34.58 knots (63.65–64.04 km/h; 39.55–39.79 mph) from 161,290–168,100 shaft horsepower (120,270–125,350 kW).
在海上试验期间，姊妹船的航速为 34.37–34.58 节（63.65–64.04 公里/小时；39.55–39.79 英里/小时），轴功率为 161,290–168,100 马力（120,270–125,350 千瓦）。
They carried 5,000 metric tons (4,900 long tons) of fuel oil which gave them a range of 9,700 nautical miles (18,000 km; 11,200 mi) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph).
它们携带 5,000 公吨（4,900 长吨）燃油，以 18 节（33 公里/小时；21 英里/小时）的速度行驶 9,700 海里（18,000 公里；11,200 英里）。
The boiler uptakes were trunked to the ships' starboard side amidships and exhausted just below flight deck level through two funnels that curved downward.
锅炉的进气口集中在船中部的右舷侧，并通过两个向下弯曲的烟囱在飞行甲板下方排出。
The Shōkaku class was fitted with three 600-kilowatt (800 hp) turbo generators and two 350-kilowatt (470 hp) diesel generators, all operating at 225 volts.
Shokaku 级配备了三台 600 千瓦（800 马力）涡轮发电机和两台 350 千瓦（470 马力）柴油发电机，全部工作电压为 225 伏。
The carriers' 242.2-meter (794 ft 7 in) flight deck had a maximum width of 29 meters and overhung the superstructure at both ends, supported by pillars.
航母的飞行甲板长 242.2 米（794 英尺 7 英寸），最大宽度为 29 米，两端悬于上层建筑之上，由支柱支撑。
Ten transverse arrestor wires were installed on the flight deck that could stop a 4,000-kilogram (8,800 lb) aircraft.
飞行甲板上安装了 10 根横向阻拦索，可以阻止一架重 4,000 公斤（8,800 磅）的飞机。
If the aircraft missed those, it could be stopped by one of three crash barricades.
如果飞机错过了这些，它可能会被三个防撞路障之一阻止。
Although space and weight were allocated for two aircraft catapults, their development was not completed before the Shōkaku-class ships were sunk.
尽管为两个飞机弹射器分配了空间和重量，但在翔鹤级舰艇沉没之前，它们的开发尚未完成。
The ships were designed with two superimposed hangars; the upper hangar was about 200 meters (656 ft 2 in) long and had a width that varied between 18.5 and 24 meters (60 ft 8 in and 78 ft 9 in).
这些舰艇设计有两个叠加的机库；上机库长约 200 米（656 英尺 2 英寸），宽度在 18.5 至 24 米（60 英尺 8 英寸至 78 英尺 9 英寸）之间变化。
It had a height of 4.85 meters (15 ft 11 in) while the lower hangar was 4.7 meters (15 ft 5 in) high and only usable by fighters.
它的高度为 4.85 米（15 英尺 11 英寸），而下部机库高 4.7 米（15 英尺 5 英寸），仅供战斗机使用。
The lower hangar was about 20 meters (65 ft 7 in) shorter than the upper one and its width ranged from 17.5 to 20 meters (57 ft 5 in to 65 ft 7 in).
下机库比上机库短约 20 米（65 英尺 7 英寸），宽度为 17.5 至 20 米（57 英尺 5 英寸至 65 英尺 7 英寸）。
Together they had a total area of 5,545 square meters (59,690 sq ft).
它们的总面积为 5,545 平方米（59,690 平方英尺）。
Each hangar could be subdivided by five or six fire curtains and they were fitted with fire fighting foam dispensers on each side.
每个机库可以被五到六个防火幕细分，每侧都装有消防泡沫分配器。
The lower hangar was also fitted with a carbon dioxide fire suppression system.
下层机库还配备了二氧化碳灭火系统。
Each subdivision was provided with a pair of enclosed and armored stations to control the fire curtains and fire fighting equipment.
每个分区都设有一对封闭式装甲站来控制防火幕和消防设备。
Aircraft were transported between the hangars and the flight deck by three elevators that took 15 seconds to go from the lower hangar to the flight deck.
飞机通过三部电梯在机库和飞行甲板之间运输，从下机库到飞行甲板只需 15 秒。
The forward elevator was larger than the others to allow aircraft that had just landed to be moved below without folding their wings and measured 13 by 16 meters (42 ft 8 in × 52 ft 6 in).
前升降舵比其他升降梯更大，可以让刚刚着陆的飞机在不折叠机翼的情况下向下移动，其尺寸为 13 x 16 米（42 英尺 8 英寸 × 52 英尺 6 英寸）。
The other elevators were narrower, 13 by 12 meters (42 ft 8 in × 39 ft 4 in).
其他电梯较窄，为 13 x 12 米（42 英尺 8 英寸 × 39 英尺 4 英寸）。
The ships mounted a crane on the starboard side of the flight deck, abreast the rear elevator.
舰艇在飞行甲板右舷安装了一台起重机，与后部电梯并排。
When collapsed, it was flush with the flight deck.
倒塌时，它与飞行甲板齐平。
The Shōkaku-class carriers were initially intended to have an air group of 96, including 24 aircraft in reserve.
翔鹤级航空母舰最初计划拥有 96 架航空大队，其中包括 24 架备用飞机。
These were envisioned as 12 Mitsubishi A5M ("Claude") monoplane fighters, 24 Aichi D1A2 ("Susie") Type 96 dive bombers, 24 Mitsubishi B5M ("Mabel") Type 97 No. 2 torpedo bombers, and 12 Nakajima C3N Type 97 reconnaissance aircraft.
这些飞机被设想为 12 架三菱 A5M（“克劳德”）单翼战斗机、24 架爱知 D1A2（“苏西”）96 型俯冲轰炸机、24 架三菱 B5M（“梅布尔”）97 型 2 号鱼雷轰炸机和 12 架中岛 C3N 97 型侦察机。
All of these aircraft were either superseded by larger, more modern aircraft or cancelled while the ships were being built, so the air group was revised to consist of 18 Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters, 27 Aichi D3A ("Val") dive bombers, and 27 Nakajima B5N ("Kate") torpedo bombers.
所有这些飞机要么被更大、更现代化的飞机取代，要么在舰艇建造过程中被取消，因此航空大队被修改为由 18 架三菱 A6M 零式战斗机、27 架爱知 D3A（“Val”）俯冲轰炸机和 27 架中岛 B5N（“凯特”）鱼雷轰炸机组成。
In addition, the ship carried 2 Zeros, 5 "Vals", and 5 "Kates" as spares for a total of 84 aircraft.
此外，该舰还携带2架零式、5架“瓦尔斯”和5架“凯特”作为备用飞机，共计84架飞机。
The carriers' heavy anti-aircraft (AA) armament consisted of eight twin-gun mounts equipped with 40-caliber 12.7-centimeter (5 in) Type 89 dual-purpose guns mounted on projecting sponsons, grouped into pairs fore and aft on each side of the hull.
航母的重型防空武器由八个双炮座组成，配备 40 口径 12.7 厘米（5 英寸）89 型两用炮，安装在突出的舷舱上，在船体两侧前后分成两对。
The guns had a range of 14,700 meters (16,100 yd), and a ceiling of 9,440 meters (30,970 ft) at an elevation of +90 degrees.
这些火炮的射程为 14,700 米（16,100 码），射程为 9,440 米（30,970 英尺），仰角为 +90 度。
Their maximum rate of fire was fourteen rounds a minute, but their sustained rate of fire was around eight rounds per minute.
他们的最大射速为每分钟十四发，但持续射速约为每分钟八发。
The ship was equipped with four Type 94 fire-control directors to control the 12.7 cm guns, one for each pair of guns, although the director on the island could control all of the Type 89 guns.
该舰配备了四个94型火控控制器来控制12.7厘米火炮，每对火炮一个，尽管岛上的控制器可以控制所有89型火炮。
Their light AA armament consisted of a dozen triple-gun mounts for license-built Hotchkiss 25 mm (1 in) Type 96 AA guns, six mounts on each side of the flight deck.
他们的轻型防空武器包括十几个三联装霍奇基斯 25 毫米（1 英寸）96 型防空炮，飞行甲板两侧各有六个。
The gun was the standard Japanese light AA weapon during World War II, but it suffered from severe design shortcomings that rendered it largely ineffective.
该枪是二战期间日本标准的轻型防空武器，但它存在严重的设计缺陷，导致其基本无效。
According to historian Mark Stille, the weapon had many faults including an inability to "handle high-speed targets because it could not be trained or elevated fast enough by either hand or power, its sights were inadequate for high-speed targets, it possessed excessive vibration and muzzle blast".
据历史学家马克·斯蒂勒称，这种武器有很多缺陷，包括无法“处理高速目标，因为它无法通过手或动力足够快地训练或提升，其瞄准镜不足以应对高速目标，它具有过度的振动和枪口爆炸”。
These guns had an effective range of 1,500–3,000 meters (1,600–3,300 yd), and a ceiling of 5,500 meters (18,000 ft) at an elevation of +85 degrees.
这些火炮的有效射程为 1,500–3,000 米（1,600–3,300 码），射程为 5,500 米（18,000 英尺），仰角为 +85 度。
The effective rate of fire was only between 110 and 120 rounds per minute because of the frequent need to change the 15-round magazines.
由于需要频繁更换15发弹匣，有效射速仅为每分钟110至120发。
The Type 96 guns were controlled by six Type 95 directors, one for every pair of mounts.
96 型火炮由六名 95 型控制器控制，每对炮座各有一个控制器。
In June 1942, Shōkaku and Zuikaku had their anti-aircraft armament augmented with six more triple 25 mm mounts, two each at the bow and stern, and one each fore and aft of the island.
1942 年 6 月，翔鹤号和瑞鹤号的防空武器又增加了 6 门三联装 25 毫米炮，船首和船尾各各 2 门，岛首和船尾各各 1 门。
The bow and stern groups each received a Type 95 director.
船首和船尾组各配备一名 95 型指挥器。
In October another triple 25 mm mount was added at the bow and stern and 10 single mounts were added before the Battle of the Philippine Sea in June 1944.
10 月，在船头和船尾又增加了一个三重 25 毫米炮座，并在 1944 年 6 月的菲律宾海海战之前又增加了 10 个单炮座。
After the battle, Zuikaku's anti-aircraft armament was reinforced with 26 single mounts for the 25 mm Type 96 gun, bringing the total of 25 mm barrels to 96, 60 in 20 triple mounts and 36 single mounts.
战斗结束后，瑞鹤号的防空武器得到了加强，为25毫米96式火炮增加了26个单联装，使25毫米炮管总数达到96个，其中20个三联装60个，单联装36个。
These guns were supplemented by eight 28-round AA rocket launchers.
这些火炮还配有八个 28 发防空火箭发射器。
Each 12-centimeter (4.7 in) rocket weighed 22.5 kilograms (50 lb) and had a maximum velocity of 200 m/s (660 ft/s).
每枚 12 厘米（4.7 英寸）火箭重 22.5 公斤（50 磅），最大速度为 200 m/s（660 ft/s）。
Their maximum range was 4,800 meters (5,200 yd).
它们的最大射程为 4,800 米（5,200 码）。
Shōkaku was the first carrier in the IJN to be fitted with radar, a Type 21 early-warning radar, mounted on the top of the island around September 1942.
翔鹤号是日本海军第一艘配备雷达（21 型预警雷达）的航母，于 1942 年 9 月左右安装在岛屿顶部。
The date of Zuikaku's installation is unknown, but both ships received a second Type 21 radar in a retractable installation adjacent to the flight deck after October.
Zuikaku 的安装日期尚不清楚，但 10 月份后，两艘舰艇都在飞行甲板附近的可伸缩装置中安装了第二台 21 型雷达。
Before June 1944, a Type 13 air-search radar was installed on the light tripod mast abaft the island.
1944 年 6 月之前，岛后的轻型三脚架桅杆上安装了 13 型对空搜索雷达。
The Shōkaku-class carriers were also fitted with a Type 91 hydrophone in the bow that was only useful when anchored or moving very slowly.
翔鹤级航母还在船头安装了 91 型水听器，只有在锚定或非常缓慢移动时才有用。
The Shōkaku class had a waterline belt that consisted of 46 millimeters (1.8 in) of Copper-alloy Non-Cemented armor (CNC) that covered most of the length of the ship.
翔鹤级拥有一条由 46 毫米（1.8 英寸）铜合金非水泥装甲（CNC）组成的水线带，覆盖了舰艇的大部分长度。
The belt was 4.1 meters (13 ft 5 in) high, of which 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) was below the waterline.
该带高 4.1 米（13 英尺 5 英寸），其中 2 米（6 英尺 7 英寸）位于水线以下。
The lower strake of the armor was backed by 50 millimeters (2.0 in) of Ducol steel.
装甲的下板条由 50 毫米（2.0 英寸）厚的 Ducol 钢支撑。
The magazines were protected by 165 millimeters (6.5 in) of New Vickers Non-Cemented (NVNC) armor, sloped at an inclination up to 25° and tapered to thicknesses of 55–75 millimeters (2.2–3.0 in).
弹匣由 165 毫米（6.5 英寸）厚的新维克斯非水泥（NVNC）装甲保护，倾斜度高达 25°，厚度逐渐变细至 55-75 毫米（2.2-3.0 英寸）。
The flight and both hangar decks were unprotected and the ships' propulsion machinery was protected by a 65-millimeter (2.6 in) deck of CNC armor.
飞行甲板和两个机库甲板都没有受到保护，而船舶的推进机械则受到 65 毫米（2.6 英寸）厚的 CNC 装甲甲板的保护。
The NVNC armor over the magazines was 132 millimeters (5.2 in) thick and 105 millimeters (4.1 in) thick over the aviation gasoline storage tanks.
弹匣上方的 NVNC 装甲厚 132 毫米（5.2 英寸），航空汽油储罐上方的 NVNC 装甲厚 105 毫米（4.1 英寸）。
All of the deck armor was overlaid on a 25-millimeter deck of Ducol steel.
所有甲板装甲均覆盖在 25 毫米厚的 Ducol 钢甲板上。
The Shōkakus were the first Japanese carriers to incorporate a torpedo belt system.
翔鹤级航母是第一艘配备鱼雷带系统的日本航母。
Based on model experiments that began in 1935, it consisted of a liquid-loaded "sandwich" of compartments outboard of the torpedo bulkhead.
根据 1935 年开始的模型实验，它由鱼雷舱壁外侧的一个充满液体的舱室“三明治”组成。
The experiments showed that a narrow liquid-loaded compartment was necessary to distribute the force of a torpedo or mine's detonation along the torpedo bulkhead by spreading it across the full width of the bulkhead and to stop the splinters created by the detonation.
实验表明，需要一个狭窄的液体装载舱来将鱼雷或水雷爆炸的力量沿着鱼雷舱壁分布，将其分布在舱壁的整个宽度上，并阻止爆炸产生的碎片。
Outboard of this were two compartments intended to dissipate the force of the gases of the detonation, including the watertight compartment of the double bottom.
其外侧有两个隔间，旨在消散爆炸气体的力量，其中包括双层底的水密隔间。
The two innermost compartments were intended to be filled with fuel oil that would be replaced by water as it was consumed.
最里面的两个隔间旨在填充燃油，当燃油消耗时，燃油将被水取代。
The torpedo bulkhead itself consisted of an outer Ducol plate 18–30 millimeters (0.71–1.18 in) thick that was riveted to a 12-millimeter (0.47 in) plate.
鱼雷舱壁本身由厚度为 18-30 毫米（0.71-1.18 英寸）的外部 Ducol 板组成，该板铆接到一块 12 毫米（0.47 英寸）板上。
The IJN expected the torpedo bulkhead to be damaged in an attack and placed a thin holding bulkhead slightly inboard to prevent any leaks from reaching the ships' vitals.
日本海军预计鱼雷舱壁会在攻击中受损，并在稍靠内侧的位置放置了一个薄薄的固定舱壁，以防止任何泄漏到达船舶的要害部位。
Shortly after completion in 1941, Shōkaku and Zuikaku were assigned to the newly formed Fifth Carrier Division, which was itself assigned to the 1st Air Fleet (Kidō Butai), and began working up to prepare for the Pearl Harbor attack.
1941 年完工后不久，翔鹤号和瑞鹤号被分配到新组建的第五航母师，该师本身又隶属于第一航空舰队（木户舞台），并开始为珍珠港袭击做准备。
Due to their inexperience, their air groups were tasked with the less demanding airfield attack role rather than the anti-ship mission allocated to the veteran air groups of the older carriers.
由于经验不足，他们的航空大队承担的任务是要求不高的机场攻击任务，而不是分配给老航母航空大队的反舰任务。
Each carrier's aircraft complement consisted of 18 Zero fighters, 27 D3A dive bombers, and 27 B5N torpedo bombers.
每艘航母的机队包括 18 架零式战斗机、27 架 D3A 俯冲轰炸机和 27 架 B5N 鱼雷轰炸机。
The two carriers contributed a total of 12 Zeros and 54 D3As to the first wave on the morning of 8 December (Japan time); these latter aircraft struck Wheeler Army Airfield, Hickam Field, and Naval Air Station Ford Island while the fighters strafed Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay.
两艘航母在12月8日上午（日本时间）的第一波中总共贡献了12架零式飞机和54架D3A；后者袭击了惠勒陆军机场、希卡姆机场和福特岛海军航空站，同时战斗机还扫射了卡内奥赫湾海军陆战队航空站。
Only the 54 B5Ns participated in the second wave, striking Ford Island, Hickam Field and Kaneohe Bay again.
只有 54 架 B5N 参与了第二波攻击，再次攻击福特岛、希卡姆机场和卡内奥赫湾。
The Fifth Carrier Division's aircraft conducted the majority of the attack against the airfields, supplemented only by fighters from the other four carriers.
第五航母师的飞机对机场进行了大部分攻击，仅由其他四艘航母的战斗机进行补充。
Only one of Shōkaku's dive bombers was lost during the attack; in exchange 314 American aircraft were damaged or destroyed.
翔鹤号的俯冲轰炸机在这次袭击中只损失了一架；作为交换，314架美国飞机被损坏或摧毁。
Historian Alan Zimm said the young aviators delivered "a sterling performance, greatly exceeding expectations and outshining the dive bombers from the more experienced carriers."
历史学家艾伦·齐姆表示，这些年轻飞行员“表现出色，大大超出了预期，超越了经验丰富的航母上的俯冲轰炸机”。
In January 1942, together with Akagi and Kaga of the First Carrier Division, the sisters supported the invasion of Rabaul in the Bismarck Archipelago, as the Japanese moved to secure their southern defensive perimeter against attacks from Australia.
1942 年 1 月，姐妹俩与第一航空母舰师的赤城号和加贺号一起支援入侵俾斯麦群岛的拉包尔，日本人则采取行动确保其南部防御圈免受澳大利亚的攻击。
Aircraft from all four carriers attacked the Australian base at Rabaul on 20 January; the First Carrier Division continued to attack the town while the Fifth Carrier Division moved westwards and attacked Lae and Salamaua in New Guinea.
1 月 20 日，所有四艘航母的飞机都袭击了位于拉包尔的澳大利亚基地；第一航母师继续攻击该镇，而第五航母师则向西进攻，攻击新几内亚的莱城和萨拉马瓦。
They covered the landings at Rabaul and Kavieng on 23 January before returning to Truk before the end of the month.
他们于 1 月 23 日在拉包尔和卡维恩登陆，然后在月底前返回特鲁克。
After the Marshalls–Gilberts raids on 1 February, the Fifth Carrier Division was retained in home waters until mid-March to defend against any American carrier raids on the Home Islands.
2 月 1 日马歇尔-吉尔伯特袭击后，第五航母师一直留在本土水域，直到 3 月中旬，以防御任何美国航母对本土群岛的袭击。
The sister ships then rejoined the Kido Butai at Staring Bay on Celebes Island in preparation for the Indian Ocean Raid.
随后，姐妹舰在西里伯斯岛的斯塔林湾与木户舞台号汇合，为印度洋突袭做准备。
By this time the air groups had been reorganized to consist of 21 each of the A6Ms, D3As and B5Ns.
此时，航空大队已重组为由 A6M、D3A 和 B5N 各 21 架组成。
The Japanese intent was to defeat the British Eastern Fleet and destroy British airpower in the region in order to secure the flank of their operations in Burma.
日本的意图是击败英国东方舰队并摧毁英国在该地区的空中力量，以确保其在缅甸行动的侧翼安全。
Shōkaku and Zuikaku contributed aircraft to the 5 April Easter Sunday Raid on Colombo, Ceylon.
翔鹤和瑞鹤为 4 月 5 日复活节周日对锡兰科伦坡的突袭提供了飞机。
Although the civilian shipping had been evacuated from Colombo harbor, the Japanese sank an armed merchant cruiser, a destroyer, and severely damaged some of the support facilities.
尽管民用船只已从科伦坡港撤离，但日本人还是击沉了一艘武装商船、一艘驱逐舰，并严重损坏了一些支持设施。
The Kido Butai returned to Ceylon four days later and attacked Trincomalee; the sisters' aircraft sank a large cargo ship and damaged the monitor HMS Erebus.
四天后，基多布泰人返回锡兰并袭击了亭可马里。姐妹俩的飞机击沉了一艘大型货船并损坏了英国皇家海军埃里伯斯号监视舰。
In the meantime, the Japanese spotted the light carrier HMS Hermes, escorted by the destroyer HMAS Vampire, and every available D3A was launched to attack the ships.
与此同时，日本发现了由吸血鬼号驱逐舰护航的轻型航母赫尔墨斯号，并发射了所有可用的 D3A 攻击这些船只。
Aircraft from Shōkaku and Zuikaku were the first to attack the Allied ships, both of which were sunk.
翔鹤号和瑞鹤号的飞机首先攻击了盟军舰艇，两艘舰艇均被击沉。
En route to Japan, the Fifth Carrier Division was diverted to Truk to support Operation Mo (the planned capture of Port Moresby in New Guinea).
在前往日本的途中，第五航母师被转移到特鲁克以支持莫行动（计划占领新几内亚的莫尔兹比港）。
While they were preparing for the mission, the Americans intercepted and decrypted Japanese naval messages discussing the operation and dispatched the carriers Yorktown and Lexington to stop the invasion.
当他们准备执行任务时，美国人截获并解密了讨论此次行动的日本海军信息，并派遣航母“约克城”号和“列克星敦”号阻止入侵。
The Japanese opened Operation Mo by occupying Tulagi, in the Solomon Islands, on 3 May.
5 月 3 日，日本占领所罗门群岛的图拉吉岛，开启“Mo”行动。
American land-based aircraft had spotted the light carrier Shōhō escorting the transports of the main invasion force on 6 May, and the American carriers moved west to place themselves in a position to attack it the following morning.
5 月 6 日，美国陆基飞机发现了护航主力入侵部队运输船的轻型航空母舰翔凤号，美国航空母舰向西移动，准备在第二天早上攻击它。
Shōhō was quickly located again that morning and sunk.
当天早上翔凤号很快再次被发现并沉没。
In turn, the Japanese spotted the oiler, Neosho, and her escorting destroyer, which were misidentified as a carrier and a light cruiser.
反过来，日本人发现了加油船尼奥肖号和她的护航驱逐舰，它们被误认为是一艘航母和一艘轻型巡洋舰。
A single dive bomber was lost during the consequent airstrike that sank the destroyer and damaged Neosho badly enough that she had to be scuttled a few days later.
在随后的空袭中损失了一架俯冲轰炸机，击沉了驱逐舰并严重损坏了尼奥肖号，以至于几天后她不得不自沉。
Late in the afternoon, the Japanese launched a small airstrike, without any escorting fighters, based on an erroneous spot report.
下午晚些时候，日本根据错误的现场报告，在没有任何战斗机护航的情况下发动了一次小规模空袭。
The American carriers were far closer to the Japanese than they realized and roughly in line with their intended target.
美国航空母舰距离日本航空母舰的距离比他们意识到的要近得多，并且大致符合他们的预期目标。
Alerted by radar, some of the American Combat Air Patrol (CAP) was vectored to intercept the Japanese aircraft, the rest being retained near the carriers because of bad weather and fading daylight.
接到雷达警报后，美国战斗空中巡逻队（CAP）的一些飞机被引导去拦截日本飞机，其余飞机由于天气恶劣和日光渐暗而被保留在航母附近。
The American fighters mauled the Japanese attackers who were forced to call off the attack, but some of the surviving Japanese pilots became confused in the darkness and attempted to verify if the American carriers were their own before being driven off.
美国战斗机重创了日本攻击机，日本攻击机被迫取消攻击，但一些幸存的日本飞行员在黑暗中变得困惑，并试图在被赶走之前核实美国航空母舰是否是他们自己的。
On the morning of 8 May 1942, both sides located each other at about the same time and began launching their aircraft about 09:00.
1942 年 5 月 8 日上午，双方几乎在同一时间找到对方，并于 09:00 左右开始发射飞机。
The American dive bombers disabled Shōkaku's flight deck with three hits, but the carrier was able to evade all of the torpedoes.
美国俯冲轰炸机三击使翔鹤号的飞行甲板瘫痪，但航母成功躲避了所有鱼雷。
Hidden by a rain squall, Zuikaku escaped detection and was not attacked.
瑞鹤号躲在暴风雨中，逃脱了检测，没有受到攻击。
In return, the Japanese aircraft badly damaged Lexington with two torpedo and two bomb hits and scored a single bomb hit on Yorktown.
作为回报，日本飞机用两枚鱼雷和两枚炸弹击中了列克星敦，并用一枚炸弹击中了约克城。
The torpedo hits on Lexington cracked one of her avgas tanks, and leaking vapor caused a series of large explosions that caused her to be scuttled.
鱼雷击中列克星敦号，导致她的一个航空燃气罐破裂，泄漏的蒸汽引发了一系列大爆炸，导致她沉没。
The air groups of the sisters were decimated in the battle, which forced Zuikaku to return to Japan with Shōkaku for resupply and aircrew training, and neither carrier was able to take part in the Battle of Midway in June.
姐妹舰的航空群在战斗中遭到重创，瑞鹤号被迫与翔鹤号一起返回日本进行补给和机组人员训练，两艘航母均未能参加 6 月的中途岛海战。
En route to Japan, Shōkaku was caught in a severe storm and nearly capsized as the weight of the water used to put out the fires had compromised her stability.
在前往日本的途中，翔鹤号遭遇了一场严重的风暴，由于用于灭火的水的重量影响了她的稳定性，险些倾覆。
Repairs took three months and she was not ready for action until late August 1942.
修复工作花了三个月的时间，直到 1942 年 8 月下旬她才准备好投入行动。
The American landings on Guadalcanal and Tulagi on 7 August 1942 caught the Japanese by surprise.
1942 年 8 月 7 日，美国在瓜达尔卡纳尔岛和图拉吉岛登陆，令日本人措手不及。
The next day, the light carrier Ryūjō joined the sister ships in the First Carrier Division, which departed for Truk on 16 August.
第二天，轻型航母龙驮号加入了第一航母师的姊妹舰行列，于 8 月 16 日出发前往特鲁克。
Having learned the lesson taught at Midway, the IJN strengthened the fighter contingent at the expense of the torpedo bombers assigned to its carriers; the Shōkaku-class carriers mustered 53 Zeros, 51 D3As, 36 B5Ns and 2 Yokosuka D4Y1-C "Judy" reconnaissance aircraft between them.
汲取中途岛战役的教训后，日本海军加强了战斗机部队，但牺牲了部署在航母上的鱼雷轰炸机；翔鹤级航母集结了 53 架零式、51 架 D3A、36 架 B5N 和 2 架横须贺 D4Y1-C“朱迪”侦察机。
After an American carrier was spotted near the Solomon Islands on 21 August, the division was ordered to bypass Truk and continue to the south.
8 月 21 日，在所罗门群岛附近发现一艘美国航母后，该师奉命绕过特鲁克岛，继续向南行驶。
Ryūjō was detached early on 24 August to move in advance of the troop convoy bound for Guadalcanal and to attack the American air base at Henderson Field if no carriers were located.
龙城号于 8 月 24 日早些时候分遣，先于前往瓜达尔卡纳尔岛的部队前行，并在没有发现航空母舰的情况下攻击位于亨德森机场的美国空军基地。
The two fleet carriers were to stand off, prepared to attack the Americans if found.
两艘舰队航母将保持对峙，准备在被发现时攻击美国人。
Ryūjō and her escorts were the first Japanese ships spotted and sunk by the Americans later that morning, but Zuikaku and Shōkaku were not spotted until the afternoon.
龙驷号及其护航舰是当天上午晚些时候第一批被美国人发现并击沉的日本船只，但瑞鹤号和翔鹤号直到下午才被发现。
Shortly before an unsuccessful attack by the pair of Douglas SBD Dauntlesses conducting the search, the sisters launched half of their dive bombers to attack the American carriers Enterprise and Saratoga.
在执行搜索任务的道格拉斯 SBD 无畏号发起攻击但未成功前不久，姐妹俩发射了一半的俯冲轰炸机攻击美国航空母舰“企业”号和“萨拉托加”号。
Most of the American carrier aircraft were already airborne by this time, either on CAP, returning from search missions, or from sinking Ryūjō, so only a small airstrike was launched in response to the spot report.
此时，大部分美国舰载机已经升空，无论是执行搜索任务返回的 CAP，还是击沉龙骧号舰，因此仅根据现场报告发动了小规模空袭。
About an hour after the first Japanese airstrike took off, a second airstrike that included the rest of the dive bombers was launched, but their target location was mistaken and they failed to find the Americans.
第一次空袭起飞大约一个小时后，日本发动了包括其余俯冲轰炸机在内的第二次空袭，但他们的目标位置错误，未能找到美国人。
The first airstrike attacked the two American carriers, scoring one hit on the battleship USS North Carolina and three hits on Enterprise, but they were mauled by the large number of airborne American aircraft and heavy anti-aircraft fire.
第一次空袭袭击了两艘美国航母，击中北卡罗来纳号战列舰一击，击中企业号三击，但遭到大量空袭美国飞机和猛烈防空火力的打击。
Uncertain of the damage inflicted on each other, both sides disengaged later that evening.
由于不确定彼此造成的损失，双方于当晚晚些时候脱离交战。
The First Carrier Division, now including the light carrier Zuihō, departed Truk on 11 October to support the Japanese Army operation to capture Henderson Field on Guadalcanal.
第一航母师（现包括轻型航母瑞凤号）于 10 月 11 日离开特鲁克，支援日本陆军夺取瓜达尔卡纳尔岛亨德森机场的行动。
At this time, the sisters mustered 54 A6Ms, 45 D3As, and 36 B5Ns between them.
此时，姐妹俩集结了 54 架 A6M、45 架 D3A 和 36 架 B5N。
Four days later, the Japanese spotted a small American convoy that consisted of a fleet tug towing a gasoline barge and escorted by the destroyer Meredith.
四天后，日本人发现了一支由拖着汽油驳船的拖船组成的小型美国车队，并由驱逐舰梅雷迪斯号护航。
Aircraft from Shōkaku and Zuikaku sank the latter, but did not attack the tug.
翔鹤号和瑞鹤号的飞机击沉了后者，但没有攻击拖船。
The Japanese and American carrier forces discovered each other in the early morning of 26 October and each side launched air strikes.
10月26日凌晨，日本和美国的航母部队发现了对方，双方都发动了空袭。
Shōkaku was badly damaged by six hits from USS Hornet's dive bombers; Zuikaku was not spotted or attacked as she was hidden by the overcast conditions, just like at the Battle of the Coral Sea.
翔鹤号被大黄蜂号航空母舰的俯冲轰炸机六次击中而严重受损；瑞鹤号没有被发现或受到攻击，因为她被阴天隐藏起来，就像珊瑚海海战一样。
In exchange, the Japanese crippled Hornet with two torpedoes and three bombs.
作为交换，日本人用两枚鱼雷和三枚炸弹摧毁了大黄蜂号。
In addition, two aircraft crashed into the American carrier and inflicted serious damage.
此外，两架飞机撞向美国航母并造成严重损坏。
Enterprise was also damaged by two bomb hits and a near miss and a destroyer was damaged when it was struck by a B5N.
企业号还因两枚炸弹命中和一次险些失手而受损，一艘驱逐舰被 B5N 击中时受损。
Attacks later in the day further damaged Hornet, which was abandoned and later sunk by Japanese destroyers Makigumo and Akigumo.
当天晚些时候的袭击进一步损坏了大黄蜂号，该船被遗弃，后来被日本驱逐舰牧云号和秋云号击沉。
The Japanese lost nearly half their aircraft that participated in the battle, together with their irreplaceable experienced aircrew.
日本人损失了近一半参加战斗的飞机，以及不可替代的经验丰富的机组人员。
On 2 November, the First Carrier Division was ordered home for repairs and training.
11 月 2 日，第一航母师奉命回国进行维修和训练。
Shōkaku's repairs continued until March 1943 and Zuikaku, together with the recently repaired Zuihō, sailed for Truk on 17 January to support the impending evacuation of Japanese ground forces from Guadalcanal (Operation Ke).
翔鹤号的维修工作一直持续到 1943 年 3 月，瑞鹤号与最近修复的瑞凤号于 1 月 17 日驶往特鲁克，支援即将从瓜达尔卡纳尔岛撤退的日本地面部队（Ke 行动）。
On 29 January, the two carriers flew off 47 Zeros to Rabaul and Kahili Airfield, contributing some of their own aircraft and pilots.
1 月 29 日，两艘航母派出了 47 架零式飞机飞往拉包尔和卡希利机场，并派出了一些自己的飞机和飞行员。
Zuihō was then used to cover the evacuation, while Zuikaku remained at Truk, together with the two Yamato-class battleships, acting as a fleet in being threatening to sortie at any time.
随后瑞凤号被用来掩护撤离，而瑞鹤号则留在特鲁克，与两艘大和级战列舰一起充当舰队，威胁随时出击。
In May, Shōkaku and Zuikaku were assigned to a mission to counterattack the American offensive in the Aleutian Islands, but this operation was cancelled after the Allied victory on Attu on 29 May.
5月，翔鹤号和瑞鹤号奉命反击美国在阿留申群岛的攻势，但5月29日盟军在阿图岛取得胜利后，这一行动被取消。
The sisters were transferred to Truk in July.
姐妹俩于七月被转移到特鲁克。
In response to the carrier raid on Tarawa on 18 September, the carriers and much of the fleet sortied for Eniwetok to search for the American forces before they returned to Truk on 23 September, having failed to locate them.
为了回应 9 月 18 日对塔拉瓦岛的航母袭击，航母和大部分舰队出动埃尼威托克搜寻美军，但未能找到美军，随后于 9 月 23 日返回特鲁克。
The Japanese had intercepted some American radio traffic that suggested another attack on Wake Island, and on 17 October, Shōkaku and Zuikaku and the bulk of the 1st Fleet sailed for Eniwetok to be in a position to intercept any such attack, but no attack occurred and the fleet returned to Truk.
日本人截获了一些美国无线电通讯，暗示将对威克岛进行另一次攻击，10 月 17 日，翔鹤号和瑞鹤号以及第一舰队的主力驶向埃尼威托克，以便能够拦截任何此类攻击，但没有发生攻击，舰队返回特鲁克。
At the beginning of November, the bulk of their air groups were transferred to Rabaul to bolster the defenses there, just in time to help defend the port against the Allied attack a few days later.
11月初，他们的大部分航空兵部队被调往拉包尔以加强那里的防御，几天后正好帮助保卫该港口免受盟军的攻击。
They accomplished little there, for the loss of over half their number, before returning to Truk on the 13th.
他们在那里收效甚微，损失了一半以上的人员，直到 13 日返回特鲁克。
The sisters returned to Japan in December.
姐妹俩于十二月返回日本。
In February 1944, Shōkaku and Zuikaku were transferred to Singapore.
1944年2月，翔鹤和瑞鹤被转移到新加坡。
On 1 March the carrier divisions were reorganized with the new fleet carrier Taihō replacing Zuihō in the division.
3 月 1 日，航母师进行了重组，新舰队航母大凤号取代了该师中的瑞凤号。
The First Carrier Division sailed in mid-May for Tawi-Tawi in the Philippines.
第一航母师于五月中旬启航前往菲律宾的塔威塔威。
The new base was closer to the oil wells in Borneo on which the IJN relied and also to the Palau and western Caroline Islands where the Japanese expected the next American attack; the location lacked an airfield on which to train the inexperienced pilots and American submarine activity restricted the ships to the anchorage.
新基地更靠近日本海军所依赖的婆罗洲油井，也更靠近帕劳群岛和西加罗林群岛，日本预计美国将在那里发动下一次袭击；该地点缺乏训练经验不足的飞行员的机场，而且美国潜艇的活动限制了船只停泊的范围。
The 1st Mobile Fleet was en route to Guimaras Island in the central Philippines on 13 June, where they intended to practice carrier operations in an area better protected from submarines, when Vice Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa learned of the American attack on the Mariana Islands the previous day.
6月13日，第一机动舰队正在前往菲律宾中部的吉马拉斯岛的途中，他们打算在一个更好的免受潜艇袭击的地区练习航母作战，当时小泽治三郎中将在前一天得知了美国对马里亚纳群岛的袭击。
Upon reaching Guimares, the fleet refueled and sortied into the Philippine Sea where they spotted Task Force 58 on 18 June.
抵达吉马雷斯后，舰队补充燃料并进入菲律宾海，并于 6 月 18 日发现了第 58 特遣部队。
At this time, the sister ships mustered 54 Zeros, 60 D4Ys and 36 Nakajima B6N "Jill" torpedo bombers.
此时，姐妹舰集结了54架零式、60架D4Y和36架中岛B6N“吉尔”鱼雷轰炸机。
As the carriers were launching their first airstrike the following morning, Taihō was torpedoed by an American submarine and later sank.
第二天早上，当航母发动第一次空袭时，大凤号被一艘美国潜艇的鱼雷击中，随后沉没。
Later that morning, Shōkaku was torpedoed by a different submarine, USS Cavalla.
当天早上晚些时候，翔鹤号被另一艘潜艇“卡瓦拉”号潜艇的鱼雷击中。
The three or four torpedoes started multiple fires in the hangar, which ignited fueling aircraft, in addition to causing heavy flooding.
三四枚鱼雷在机库内引发多处火灾，除了造成严重洪水外，还点燃了正在加油的飞机。
As the bow continued to sink, aircraft and munitions began to slide forward and a bomb in the hangar detonated.
随着船头继续下沉，飞机和弹药开始向前滑行，机库中的一枚炸弹引爆。
This ignited gas and oil fumes which caused a series of four explosions that gutted the ship.
这点燃了天然气和油烟，引发了一系列四次爆炸，导致船只被毁。
Shōkaku sank several minutes later with the loss of 1,263 of her crew.
几分钟后翔鹤号沉没，船上 1,263 名船员丧生。
570 men were rescued by a light cruiser and a destroyer.
一艘轻巡洋舰和一艘驱逐舰救出了 570 人。
The loss of Taihō and Shōkaku left Zuikaku to recover the Division's few remaining aircraft after their heavy losses (only 102 aircraft remained aboard the seven surviving carriers by the evening) and the 1st Mobile Fleet continued its withdrawal towards Okinawa.
大凤号和翔鹤号的损失使得瑞鹤号在损失惨重后，开始回收该师仅存的几架飞机（到晚上，幸存的七艘航空母舰上只剩下 102 架飞机），而第一机动舰队则继续向冲绳撤退。
The Americans did not spot the Japanese carriers until the afternoon of the following day and launched a large airstrike that only succeeded in hitting Zuikaku with a single bomb that started a fire in the hangar.
直到第二天下午，美国人才发现了日本航母，并发动了大规模空袭，但仅用一枚炸弹击中了瑞鹤号，导致机库起火。
In October 1944, Zuikaku was the flagship of Admiral Jisaburo Ozawa's decoy Northern Force in Operation Shō-Gō 1, the Japanese counterattack against the Allied landings on Leyte.
1944 年 10 月，瑞鹤号是小泽治三郎海军上将的诱饵北方部队在“翔御 1”行动中的旗舰，该行动是日本对盟军在莱特岛登陆的反击。
At this time, the ship had 28 A6M5 Zero fighters, 16 A6M2 Zero fighter-bombers, 7 D4Y reconnaissance aircraft and 15 B6Ns.
此时，该舰拥有28架A6M5零式战斗机、16架A6M2零式战斗轰炸机、7架D4Y侦察机和15架B6N。
On the morning of 24 October, she launched 10 fighters, 11 fighter-bombers, 6 torpedo bombers, and 2 reconnaissance aircraft as her contribution to the airstrike intended to attract the attention of the American carriers away from the other task groups that were to destroy the landing forces.
10月24日上午，她出动了10架战斗机、11架战斗轰炸机、6架鱼雷轰炸机和2架侦察机，作为她对空袭的贡献，旨在吸引美国航母的注意力，远离其他摧毁登陆部队的特遣部队。
This accomplished little else as the Japanese aircraft failed to penetrate past the defending fighters; the survivors landed at airfields on Luzon.
由于日本飞机未能突破防御战斗机，因此此举没有取得任何其他成果。幸存者降落在吕宋岛的机场。
The Americans were preoccupied dealing with the other Japanese naval forces and defending themselves from air attacks and finally found the Northern Force late that afternoon, but Admiral William Halsey, Jr., commander of Task Force 38, decided that it was too late in the day to mount an effective strike.
美国人全神贯注于对付其他日本海军部队并保护自己免受空袭，并在当天下午晚些时候终于发现了北方部队，但第 38 特混舰队指挥官小威廉·哈尔西海军上将认为，当天为时已晚，无法发动有效打击。
He turned all of his ships north to position himself for an attack.
他将所有船只转向北方，准备发起攻击。
The American carriers launched an airstrike shortly after dawn; Zuikaku was struck by three bombs and one torpedo that started fires in both hangars, damaged one propeller shaft, and gave her a 29.5° list to port.
美国航母在黎明后不久发动空袭；瑞鹤号被三枚炸弹和一枚鱼雷击中，两个机库都起火，一根螺旋桨轴受损，左舷倾斜 29.5°。
Fifteen minutes later, the fires were extinguished and the list was reduced to 6° by counterflooding.
15分钟后，大火被扑灭，通过反洪水将倾斜度缩小至6°。
She was mostly ignored by the second wave of attacking aircraft, but was a focus of the third wave that hit her with six more torpedoes and four bombs.
她几乎被第二波攻击机忽视，但却成为第三波攻击机的焦点，第三波攻击机又用六枚鱼雷和四枚炸弹袭击了她。
The bombs started fires in the hangars, the torpedoes caused major flooding that increased her list, and the order to abandon ship was issued before Zuikaku sank by the stern.
炸弹在机库中起火，鱼雷造成严重洪水，导致瑞鹤号船尾沉没，弃船命令被发出。
Lost with the ship were 49 officers and 794 crewmen, but 47 officers and 815 crewmen were rescued by her escorting destroyers.
随船失踪的有 49 名军官和 794 名船员，但护航驱逐舰救起了 47 名军官和 815 名船员。
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