‘Climb to Glory’: The 10th Mountain Division’s Ski and Mountain Troops
“Climb to Glory,” the modern motto of the 10th Mountain Division, truly reflects their actions and sacrifice in the Italian mountains and beyond.
“攀登荣耀”是第十山地师的现代座右铭，真实反映了他们在意大利山区及其他地区的行动和牺牲。
Top Photo: Members of a mountain troop witness springtime in the Rockies at 13,000 feet near the timberline at Camp Hale, Colorado.
上图：科罗拉多州黑尔营 (Camp Hale) 林线附近 13,000 英尺高处，山地部队成员在落基山脉见证春天。
Original negative received from Commanding General, Seventh Service Command, Headquarters, Omaha, Nebraska, December 1943.
1943 年 12 月，内布拉斯加州奥马哈总部第七军种司令部司令收到原始阴性结果。
National Archives
国家档案馆
In 1942, the US Army constructed Camp Hale, a new training facility for the country’s first ski and mountain troops, near Leadville, Colorado.
1942 年，美国陆军在科罗拉多州莱德维尔附近建造了黑尔营，这是该国第一批滑雪和山地部队的新训练设施。
The 10th Mountain Division would play an important role in the Italian Campaign of World War II and leave a lasting legacy on mountain warfare and the postwar civilian ski industry.
第 10 山地师将在第二次世界大战的意大利战役中发挥重要作用，并为山地战争和战后民用滑雪工业留下持久的遗产。
Mountain warfare was familiar topic in the media with the Russo-Finnish War of 1939–40, also known as the “Winter War.” Although Finland lost territory, their ski troops were very effective against the Soviet Union and inspired Americans with their stealth, winter tactics, and resilience.
1939-40 年的俄芬战争（也称为“冬季战争”）是媒体熟悉的山地战话题。尽管芬兰失去了领土，但他们的滑雪部队对苏联非常有效，并以其隐身、冬季战术和坚韧精神激励了美国人。
1 At the same time, Charles Minot “Minne” Dole founded America’s National Ski Patrol system in 1938 to promote ski safety and rescue skiers from accidents.
1 与此同时，Charles Minot “Minne” Dole 于 1938 年创立了美国国家滑雪巡逻系统，以促进滑雪安全并拯救滑雪者免遭事故。
He saw the need for such an organization after the death of a friend on a mountain trail and being stranded on a slope himself with a broken ankle.
在一位朋友在山路上去世，而他自己因脚踝骨折被困在斜坡上后，他看到了建立这样一个组织的必要性。
2 The War Department used the National Ski Patrol to help recruit members for the new mountain warfare division.
2 陆军部利用国家滑雪巡逻队帮助招募新山地战师的成员。
3 While the 10th Mountain Division initially looked for trained skiers and mountaineers in 1942, wartime manpower needs meant that many of the later recruits had never even seen snow, much less skied.
3 虽然第 10 山地师最初于 1942 年寻找训练有素的滑雪者和登山者，但战时的人力需求意味着许多后来招募的新兵甚至从未见过雪，更不用说滑雪了。
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Although news articles referred to the men as “ski troopers,” their training included mountaineering and winter survival skills.
尽管新闻文章将这些人称为“滑雪士兵”，但他们的训练包括登山和冬季生存技能。
Soldiers learned how to move and fight in various winter conditions and how to handle the mule and sled dog teams at Camp Hale.
士兵们在黑尔营学习了如何在各种冬季条件下移动和战斗，以及如何对付骡子和雪橇犬队。
The men participated in numerous training exercises in the cold Colorado weather, including miserable three-week maneuvers known as the D-Series during which temperatures dropped to 35 degrees below zero.
这些人在科罗拉多州寒冷的天气里参加了许多训练演习，其中包括被称为“D 系列”的为期三周的悲惨演习，在此期间，气温降至零下 35 度。
5 Despite the difficulties—and the occasional complaints in the camp newspaper—the men learned their skills, and some even spent their free time hiking and skiing in the nearby mountains.
5 尽管困难重重，营地报纸上偶尔也有抱怨，但这些人还是学会了自己的技能，有些人甚至利用空闲时间在附近的山上徒步旅行和滑雪。
6 In August 1943, the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment were able to utilize their new knowledge when they reported to Kiska, Alaska, to help recapture the Aleutian Islands after Japan invaded in June 1942.
6 1943 年 8 月，第 87 山地步兵团在前往阿拉斯加州基斯卡报到时能够利用他们的新知识，帮助收复 1942 年 6 月日本入侵后的阿留申群岛。
Although the Japanese troops had secretly evacuated Kiska shortly before the Allies arrived, the combination of fog, booby-traps, and friendly fire incidents led to casualties among the Allied troops, including 17 men killed from the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment.
尽管日军在盟军到达前不久就秘密撤离了基斯卡，但大雾、诱杀装置和误伤事件的结合导致了盟军人员伤亡，其中包括第 87 山地步兵团的 17 人阵亡。
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A large group of 10th Mountain Division soldiers prepares for an activity.
一大群第10山地师士兵正在准备活动。
They are all wearing their camouflage “Whites,” wearing skis, holding ski poles, and carrying rifles and backpacks.
他们都穿着“白衣”迷彩服，穿着滑雪板，拿着滑雪杖，背着步枪和背包。
A few soldiers in the foreground appear to be starting to ski in a line.
前景中的一些士兵似乎正开始排成一排滑雪。
The roof of a cabin is visible just behind the group.
在这群人的后面可以看到一间小屋的屋顶。
A mountain range enshrouded by clouds is behind them.
身后是一座云雾缭绕的山脉。
Denver Public Library
丹佛公共图书馆
At the end of 1944, the men of the 10th Mountain Division left the United States to join the Italian Campaign.
1944 年底，第 10 山地师的官兵离开美国参加意大利战役。
Their goal was to help capture the heavily fortified Mount Belvedere to allow the Allies to break through the German Gothic Line across the Italian Peninsula in the Apennine Mountains.
他们的目标是帮助占领戒备森严的丽城山，让盟军能够突破德国哥特防线，穿越亚平宁山脉的意大利半岛。
Previous Allied attempts to capture Belvedere failed, so the 10th Mountain Division used a different tactic.
此前盟军攻占丽城的尝试均以失败告终，因此第 10 山地师采用了不同的战术。
Utilizing their mountaineering training, they launched a surprise attack on the steep cliffs of the nearby Riva Ridge on the night of February 18, 1945.
1945年2月18日晚，他们利用登山训练，对附近里瓦山脊的陡峭悬崖发动了突然袭击。
While the members of the Division’s 86th Mountain Infantry Regiment repelled counterattacks on Riva Ridge, the 126th Engineer Mountain Battalion constructed an 1,800-foot-long aerial tramway, which cut the time to evacuate casualties from the mountain from three hours to five minutes.
当该师第 86 山地步兵团的成员在里瓦山脊击退反攻时，第 126 山地工兵营修建了一条 1,800 英尺长的空中缆车，将山上伤亡人员撤离的时间从 3 小时缩短到 5 分钟。
8 The tram was also used to resupply the men on the ridge.
8 电车还被用来为山脊上的人员补给。
After securing Riva Ridge, the soldiers of the 10th Mountain Division moved to Mount Belvedere for another nighttime attack, supported by allied soldiers from the 1st Brazilian Division of the Brazilian Expeditionary Forces.
占领里瓦山脊后，第10山地师的士兵在巴西远征军第1师的盟军士兵的支援下，转移到贝尔韦代雷山进行另一次夜间攻击。
Allied casualties on Mount Belvedere were high at 923, with 192 killed in action, 730 wounded, and one taken as a prisoner of war.
贝尔韦代雷山上的盟军伤亡人数高达 923 人，其中 192 人阵亡、730 人受伤、1 人被俘。
9 The 10th Mountain Division had achieved its objective though: they captured Mount Belvedere and held off several counterattacks for the Allies to continue their drive through Italy.
9 不过，第 10 山地师已经实现了目标：他们占领了贝尔韦代雷山，并阻止了盟军的几次反击，使盟军能够继续穿过意大利。
Four 10th Mountain Division soldiers cross-country ski through snow, photographed from behind.
四名第 10 山地师士兵在雪中越野滑雪（从后面拍摄）。
They are wearing their camouflage Whites, wearing skis, and using ski poles.
他们穿着白色迷彩服，穿着滑雪板，使用滑雪杖。
Guns are strapped to their right shoulders.
枪绑在他们的右肩上。
Denver Public Library
丹佛公共图书馆
With the Gothic Line broken, the 10th Mountain Division moved east to capture staging areas for the Allied push out of the Appennine Mountains.
随着哥特防线的突破，第 10 山地师向东移动，夺取盟军撤出亚平宁山脉的集结地。
They captured a series of nearby hills in four deadly days of fighting known as the “March Offensive.” After a four-week break to recover and integrate replacement soldiers, the men of the Division participated in the “Spring Offensive” to help clear the area between Bologna and Modena for the continuing Allied push north.
他们在四天的致命战斗中占领了附近的一系列山丘，被称为“三月攻势”。经过四个星期的休息以恢复和整合补充士兵后，该师的人员参加了“春季攻势”，帮助清理博洛尼亚和摩德纳之间的地区，以便盟军继续向北推进。
Unfortunately, poor weather conditions delayed their attack, giving the Germans time to prepare their defenses.
不幸的是，恶劣的天气条件推迟了他们的进攻，使德军有时间准备防御。
Casualties were higher than on Mount Belvedere: three men were taken prisoner, 1,047 were wounded, and 286 were killed in action, including Private First Class John D.
伤亡人数比丽城山上的伤亡还要多：3 人被俘，1,047 人受伤，286 人阵亡，其中包括一等兵约翰·D·肯尼迪 (John D.
Magrath, who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Spring Offensive.
马格拉斯因其在春季攻势中的表现而被追授荣誉勋章。
10 Among the soldiers seriously wounded was Lieutenant Robert “Bob” Dole, a future presidential candidate who would also serve in both the Senate and House of Representatives for Kansas in his political career.
10 受重伤的士兵中有罗伯特·“鲍勃”·多尔中尉，他是未来的总统候选人，在政治生涯中也曾在堪萨斯州参议院和众议院任职。
The Division’s mission to capture retreating German troops continued as they moved through the farm fields and olive groves of the Po River Valley.
当德军穿过波河流域的农田和橄榄树林时，该师继续执行抓捕撤退德军的任务。
They secured a bridgehead on April 23 and prepared for the final assault into Northern Italy.
他们于 4 月 23 日占领了桥头堡，并准备对意大利北部进行最后的进攻。
On April 27, the Division reached Lake Garda, where the men faced intense fighting in the nearby mountain tunnels and lakeside towns.
4 月 27 日，该师到达加尔达湖，士兵们在附近的山间隧道和湖畔城镇面临激烈的战斗。
They also captured the symbolically significant Villa delle Orsoline, which had previously housed Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.
他们还占领了具有重要象征意义的奥尔索林别墅，这里曾是意大利独裁者贝尼托·墨索里尼的住所。
Shortly after securing the Lake Garda area, the German forces in Italy surrendered to the Allies.
在占领加尔达湖地区后不久，驻意大利的德军向盟军投降。
Five days later, on May 8, the war in Europe ended.
五天后，即5月8日，欧洲战争结束。
The men of the 10th Mountain Division briefly remained in Italy for occupation duties before returning to the United States in mid-July to train for a possible invasion of Japan.
第 10 山地师短暂留在意大利执行占领任务，然后于 7 月中旬返回美国，为可能入侵日本进行训练。
11 By the time their transports landed in the United States, Japan surrendered and the war in the Pacific was over.
11 当他们的运输船抵达美国时，日本投降了，太平洋战争也结束了。
After the war, the members of the 10th Mountain Division greatly influenced the American ski industry.
战后，第10山地师的成员极大地影响了美国滑雪业。
Many of them became ski instructors, managed ski resorts, ran equipment shops, or created publications about snow sports.
他们中的许多人成为滑雪教练、管理滑雪场、经营装备店或创作有关雪上运动的出版物。
Former members helped found ski areas like Whiteface Mountain Ski Resort in New York, Sugarbush Resort in Vermont, and Vail, Arapahoe Basin, and Aspen in Colorado.
前成员帮助建立了纽约白脸山滑雪胜地、佛蒙特州舒格布什度假村以及科罗拉多州韦尔、阿拉帕霍盆地和阿斯彭等滑雪场。
The Division’s connection to winter sports also extended to the Olympics with 19 Olympians—16 athletes and three coaches—who competed in seven Olympic Games, both before and after the war.
该赛区与冬季运动的联系也延伸到了奥运会，共有 19 名奥运选手（16 名运动员和 3 名教练）参加了战前和战后的 7 届奥运会。
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In 2025, the U.S. Ski & Snowboard team partnered with the Army to honor the 10th Mountain Division's legacy.
2025 年，美国滑雪队与陆军合作，纪念第 10 山地师的遗产。
As part of the partnership, athletes will wear an Army/10th Mountain Division patch on outerwear during the 2025-26 season, including at the Milano Cortina Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games in Italy in February 2026.
作为合作伙伴关系的一部分，运动员将在 2025-26 赛季期间在外衣上佩戴陆军/第 10 山地分区贴片，包括参加 2026 年 2 月在意大利举行的米兰科尔蒂纳冬季奥运会和残奥会。
The Division has monuments and memorials dedicated to them in Italy, Washington, and Colorado, including the defunct Camp Hale, designated as a national monument in 2022.
该师在意大利、华盛顿和科罗拉多州设有专门纪念他们的纪念碑和纪念馆，其中包括已废弃的黑尔营，该营于 2022 年被指定为国家纪念碑。
“Climb to Glory,” the modern motto of the 10th Mountain Division, truly reflects their actions and sacrifice in the Italian mountains and beyond.
“攀登荣耀”是第十山地师的现代座右铭，真实反映了他们在意大利山区及其他地区的行动和牺牲。
History Colorado Exhibition Team, Winter Warriors: The 10th Mountain Division in World War II , (History Colorado, 2023), 9-10.
科罗拉多州历史展览队，冬季勇士：第二次世界大战中的第 10 山地师，（科罗拉多州历史，2023 年），9-10。
Lance R.
兰斯·R。
Blyth, Ski Climb Fight: The 10th Mountain Division and the Rise of Mountain Warfare , (University of Oklahoma Press, 2024), 22-23.
Blyth，滑雪攀登战斗：第 10 山地师和山地战争的兴起，（俄克拉荷马大学出版社，2024 年），22-23。
“Short History of Camp Given as Hale Closes,” Ski-Zette , 30 September 1944.
“黑尔营地关闭时的简史”，Ski-Zette，1944 年 9 月 30 日。
“Un-Springlike ‘Springtime in Rockies’ Makes Test of Tenth Division’s Mountain Operations a Real ‘Blitzkrieg’ Affair,” “Hale Skiers: Pikes Peak Meet Beckons,” Ski-Zette , 7 April 1944.
“非春天般的‘落基山脉的春天’使第十师的山地行动测试成为真正的‘闪电战’事件”，“黑尔滑雪者：派克峰遇见召唤”，Ski-Zette，1944 年 4 月 7 日。
“Casualties Evacuated by Tram,” Blizzard , 22 February 1945.
“有轨电车疏散伤亡人员”，暴雪，1945 年 2 月 22 日。
Maurice Isserman, The Winter Army: The World War II Odyssey of the 10th Mountain Division, America’s Elite Alpine Warriors , (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2019), 180.
莫里斯·伊瑟曼，《冬季军队：第二次世界大战第 10 山地师的奥德赛》，美国精英高山战士，（霍顿·米夫林·哈考特，2019 年），180。
“2026 Olympic Winter Games,” 10th Mountain Division Foundation, 26 October 2025, https://10thmountainfoundation.org/latest_events/2026-olympic-winter-games/
“2026 年冬季奥运会”，第 10 山地分区基金会，2025 年 10 月 26 日，https://10thmountainfoundation.org/latest_events/2026-olympic-winter-games/
Brittany Huner joined the Jenny Craig Institute for the Study of War and Democracy as a Research Historian in June 2025.
布列塔尼·胡纳 (Brittany Huner) 于 2025 年 6 月加入珍妮·克雷格战争与民主研究所，担任研究历史学家。
The International Olympic Committee's (IOC) plans for the 1940 Summer Games took many unexpected turns as the world drifted toward global war.
随着世界逐渐走向全球战争，国际奥委会 (IOC) 的 1940 年夏季奥运会计划发生了许多意想不到的转变。
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League served as inspiration for young women across the country and opened the door further for women’s professional sports.
全美女子职业棒球联盟为全国年轻女性提供了灵感，并进一步为女子职业运动打开了大门。
Joseph R.
约瑟夫·R。
Beyrle's experience captures the initiative demanded of airborne soldiers, the brutality endured by prisoners of war, and the unlikely battlefield cooperation between American and Soviet soldiers during the final months of the war.
拜尔的经历体现了空降兵所需要的主动性、战俘所遭受的残酷以及战争最后几个月美国和苏联士兵之间不太可能的战场合作。
In the letter, Major Richard “Dick” Winters responded to Stephen Ambrose's request for his thoughts on the strain of command, the problems he faced during the war, and the living conditions his soldiers endured.
在信中，理查德·“迪克”·温特斯少校回应了斯蒂芬·安布罗斯关于他对指挥压力、他在战争期间面临的问题以及他的士兵所忍受的生活条件的看法的请求。
What emerged was also a concise explanation of Winters’s leadership philosophy.
随之而来的是对温特斯领导哲学的简洁解释。
At The National WWII Museum, remembering the anniversary of September 11 means remembering all those who perished that day and recognizing the many different stories they carried with them.
在国家二战博物馆，纪念 9 月 11 日的周年纪念意味着纪念那天所有遇难的人，并认识到他们所承载的许多不同的故事。
During World War II, ship names often referenced earlier eras of American history.
第二次世界大战期间，舰艇名称经常引用美国历史的早期时期。
Today, the US Navy continues its efforts to memorialize the country’s origins by upholding naming traditions that hark back more than 160 years.
如今，美国海军继续努力维护 160 多年前的命名传统，以纪念国家的起源。
Initially, hell ships moved Allied POWs to areas where their labor was needed, such as the Japanese main islands and other recently conquered regions, but later, they also moved prisoners to prevent them from being liberated by advancing Allied forces.
最初，地狱船将盟军战俘转移到需要他们劳动力的地区，例如日本主岛和其他最近征服的地区，但后来，它们也转移囚犯，以防止他们被前进的盟军解放。
A product of post Great War naval treaties and launched amid rising global tensions, the USS New Orleans forged a bond with its namesake city in the years before World War II
新奥尔良号航空母舰是一战后海军条约的产物，在全球紧张局势不断升级的情况下下水，在第二次世界大战前的几年里与同名城市建立了联系
945 Magazine Street, New Orleans, LA 70130 info@nationalww2museum.org 504-528-1944
945 Magazine Street, 新奥尔良, LA 70130 info@nationalww2museum.org 504-528-1944