876: Bigger Than Me - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #876 | December 5, 2025 876: Bigger Than Me Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 876 集 | 2025 年 12 月 5 日 876：比我更大 注：《This American Life》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue: Prologue Ira Glass OK, so I want to tell you a story, and I'm going to start with the part you probably already know about.
序言：序言 Ira Glass 好的，我想给你讲一个故事，我将从你可能已经知道的部分开始。
In November, six Democrats, all veterans of the US military or intelligence communities, came out with a video, saying to people in uniform, you took an oath like we did.
11月，六名民主党人，全部是美国军队或情报界的退伍军人，发布了一段视频，对穿制服的人说，你们像我们一样宣誓。
Our laws are clear.
我们的法律很明确。
You can refuse illegal orders.
您可以拒绝非法订单。
No one has-- Ira Glass Those are Senators Mark Kelly and Elissa Slotkin and Congressman Chris Deluzio.
没有人拥有——艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass） 这些是参议员马克·凯利（Mark Kelly）和艾丽莎·斯洛特金（Elissa Slotkin）以及国会议员克里斯·德鲁齐奥（Chris Deluzio）。
They did not specify what illegal orders they might be referring to.
他们没有具体说明他们可能指的是哪些非法命令。
At the time, just like now, the Trump administration was shooting boats of supposed drug runners out of the water off the coast of Venezuela, and lots of military experts and veterans were saying this did not seem to be legal.
当时，就像现在一样，特朗普政府正在委内瑞拉海岸附近的水域中击落涉嫌贩毒者的船只，许多军事专家和退伍军人表示这似乎不合法。
In the past, if we found boats of drug runners, we arrested them.
过去，如果我们发现贩毒船，我们就会逮捕他们。
We didn't just kill them on the spot in cold blood with no due process.
我们并没有在没有正当程序的情况下冷血地当场杀死他们。
The video also didn't mention the president trying to order the National Guard into American cities, Portland and Chicago, where judges stopped the orders, saying they were illegal.
视频也没有提到总统试图命令国民警卫队进入美国城市波特兰和芝加哥，但法官阻止了这些命令，称这些命令是非法的。
Like I say, the video mentioned no specific orders at all.
就像我说的，视频根本没有提到具体的命令。
And really, the video might have vanished into the daily noise of a million news stories and online videos, like almost everything else does these days.
事实上，这段视频可能已经消失在数以百万计的新闻报道和在线视频的日常喧嚣中，就像当今几乎所有其他事情一样。
It really could have come and gone and been forgotten, except that the president went on Truth Social and called the video seditious behavior, punishable by death.
它确实可以来来去去，被遗忘，除非总统在《真相社会》上称该视频为煽动行为，可判处死刑。
He said he wanted the lawmakers to be tried as traitors.
他说他希望立法者作为叛徒受到审判。
Stephen Miller, who seems to run so many things in the White House these days, went on TV to declare--
史蒂芬·米勒这些天在白宫似乎主持了很多事情，他在电视上宣布——
It is insurrection, plainly, directly, without question.
毫无疑问，这就是暴动，简单、直接、毫无疑问。
It's a general call for rebellion, saying that those who carry weapons in America's name should defy their chain of command and engage in open acts of insurrection.
这是对叛乱的普遍呼吁，称那些以美国名义携带武器的人应该违抗他们的指挥系统，进行公开的叛乱行为。
So in other words, we ended up in one of those completely exhausting and very familiar standoffs between Republicans and Democrats, with the Democrats saying, we're just telling people to obey the law, and Republicans saying the Democrats, as always, are trying to overthrow Trump, this time with a military insurrection.
换句话说，我们最终陷入了共和党和民主党之间那种令人筋疲力尽且非常熟悉的僵局，民主党人说，我们只是告诉人们遵守法律，而共和党人则说民主党一如既往地试图推翻特朗普，这次是通过军事叛乱。
And in the middle of all that are the two million people serving in the active military or National Guard or Reserves right now.
其中包括目前在现役军队、国民警卫队或预备役部队服役的 200 万人。
What are they thinking?
他们在想什么？
Are many of them worried about getting illegal orders or getting legal orders that they're not comfortable with?
他们中的许多人是否担心收到非法命令或收到令他们不满意的合法命令？
We reached out to the handful of organizations that service people can call if they want confidential legal advice on that kind of thing.
我们联系了少数几个组织，如果服务人员需要有关此类事情的机密法律建议，可以致电这些组织。
None of them could put us in touch quickly with any of the service people they talked to, but they all did confirm that they've seen an uptick in calls since the Trump administration came in.
他们都无法让我们快速与他们交谈过的任何服务人员取得联系，但他们都证实，自特朗普政府上任以来，他们的电话有所增加。
Most did not see more calls after the Democrats' video.
在民主党发布视频后，大多数人没有看到更多电话。
And I want to emphasize the numbers of calls that they get are low compared to the immense size of the Armed Forces.
我想强调的是，与庞大的武装部队规模相比，他们接到的电话数量很少。
GI Rights Hotline has been getting a little over 200 calls a month, on average, since June.
自 6 月份以来，退伍军人权利热线平均每月接到 200 多个电话。
An organization called About Face only gets a few calls a week.
一个名为 About Face 的组织每周只接到几个电话。
Brittany Ramos DeBarros answers all those calls.
布列塔尼·拉莫斯·德巴罗斯接听了所有这些电话。
She's an Army vet who served in Afghanistan.
她是一名在阿富汗服役的退伍军人。
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass The Pentagon wants to create these quick response forces, 500 National Guard in each state, to control civil unrest and riots.
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯·艾拉·格拉斯 五角大楼希望建立快速反应部队，每个州有 500 名国民警卫队，以控制内乱和骚乱。
Have you heard about that?
你听说过吗？
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Earlier in the year, most of her calls were from the National Guard.
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯 今年早些时候，她的大部分电话来自国民警卫队。
Then, that changed in June.
然后，情况在六月发生了变化。
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass Have you heard from people who've refused orders already?
（主题）BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass 您收到过拒绝订单的人的来信吗？
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass And what were the orders?
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯·艾拉·格拉斯 命令是什么？
What kind of orders?
什么样的订单？
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass Right.
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯·艾拉·格拉斯 右。
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Because of her hotline's confidentiality rules, I should say we could not confirm this story or the others that she told us by talking to the service people involved.
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯（BRITTANY RAMOS） 由于她的热线的保密规定，我应该说，我们无法通过与相关服务人员交谈来证实这个故事或她告诉我们的其他故事。
But we were able to verify many details.
但我们能够核实许多细节。
Brittany says she does not advise anybody on what they should do, but tells them what their options are.
布列塔尼说，她不会建议任何人应该做什么，但会告诉他们有什么选择。
People can stay in their units and speak out publicly about things that they object to, within certain limits.
人们可以留在自己的单位里，在一定限度内公开谈论他们反对的事情。
But even if they follow the rules, they could face all kinds of consequences.
但即使他们遵守规则，他们也可能面临各种后果。
People who want out can file papers to be conscientious objectors, which can lead to wildly various outcomes.
想要退出的人可以提交文件成为良心拒服兵役者，这可能会导致截然不同的结果。
They can be reassigned to other duties, or they can be discharged.
他们可以被重新分配到其他职责，或者可以被解雇。
Simply refusing to obey orders can get you court martialed.
仅仅拒绝服从命令就会让你被送上军事法庭。
Of course, people can choose to do nothing.
当然，人们可以选择什么都不做。
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass Can you think of somebody like that and tell me about that conversation?
（主题）BRITTANY RAMOS Ira Glass 你能想到这样的人并告诉我那次谈话吗？
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS It can be hard to figure out what to do sometimes.
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯 有时很难弄清楚该做什么。
I was in Mexico, in Oaxaca, a couple weeks ago.
几周前我在墨西哥瓦哈卡州。
And in this church, in Spanish on one of the walls, it said, here are the remains of people like you and like me, people who knew how to act with faith and charity in the historic moment and the circumstances that God decided to put them in.
在这座教堂的一堵墙上用西班牙语写着，这里有像你和我这样的人的遗骸，他们知道如何在历史性时刻和上帝决定将他们置于的环境中以信仰和慈善行动。
And I read that, and I thought, am I doing the best I should be doing in the historic moment that God decided to put me in?
当我读到这篇文章时，我想，在上帝决定让我进入的历史性时刻，我是否做了我应该做的最好的事情？
Today on our show, history comes knocking, and a bunch of people have to figure out what to do.
今天在我们的节目中，历史来敲门，一群人必须弄清楚该怎么做。
From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life.
来自芝加哥 WBEZ 的《This American Life》。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Stay with us.
留在我们身边。
It's This American Life, Act One, "Mother Knows Best."
这就是《美国生活》，第一幕，“母亲最了解”。
Fela Kuti is at a special level of fame where, yes, lots of people have no idea who he is.
费拉·库蒂 (Fela Kuti) 享有特殊的声誉，是的，很多人都不知道他是谁。
But for people who do, there could not be a bigger musical star.
但对于那些这样做的人来说，不可能有更大的音乐明星了。
He was a worldwide musical phenomenon by the 1980s, iconic, from Nigeria.
他来自尼日利亚，是 20 世纪 80 年代的世界音乐现象，具有标志性。
He ushered in an entire new genre of music, which he called afrobeat.
他开创了一种全新的音乐流派，他称之为非洲节拍。
Fela was also a profoundly political figure.
费拉也是一位深刻的政治人物。
Nigeria was still a newly independent country in the 1970s and '80s, still very much trying to answer questions about what kind of nation it was going to be.
尼日利亚在 20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代仍然是一个新独立的国家，仍然非常努力地回答关于它将成为一个什么样的国家的问题。
Fela's songs criticized colonialism in all of its forms, openly challenged Nigeria's ruling military government.
费拉的歌曲批评了各种形式的殖民主义，公开挑战尼日利亚执政的军政府。
He took on apartheid South Africa and the United States.
他对抗种族隔离的南非和美国。
Water, him not get enemy!
水，他不惹敌人！
I dey talk of Black power, I say
我说我谈论的是黑人权力
Water!
水！
Ira Glass Fela called for the complete rejection of most things European and Western and tried to live that way.
艾拉·格拉斯·费拉（Ira Glass Fela）呼吁完全拒绝大多数欧洲和西方的事物，并试图以这种方式生活。
He went so far as to found his own commune and declared it to be its own republic, free of government control.
他甚至建立了自己的公社，并宣布它是自己的共和国，不受政府控制。
His politics were radical, but also messy.
他的政治思想很激进，但也很混乱。
His version of being an Africanist led him to pretty ugly views about gay people and women.
他对非洲主义者的看法导致他对同性恋者和女性产生了相当丑陋的看法。
They make him a complicated person to explain.
他们使他成为一个难以解释的复杂人物。
Recently, Jad Abumrad embarked on a journey to do just that.
最近，贾德·阿布姆拉德 (Jad Abumrad) 踏上了实现这一目标的旅程。
Jad is the creator and longtime co-host of Radiolab, and he did a big series on Dolly Parton that won all kinds of awards and lots of people heard.
Jad 是 Radiolab 的创始人和长期联合主持人，他制作了一部关于 Dolly Parton 的大型连续剧，赢得了各种奖项，很多人都听过。
Now, he's put out a whole series about Fela, and a big chunk of it is about how Fela's music and his politics spoke to each other.
现在，他推出了关于费拉的整个系列，其中很大一部分是关于费拉的音乐和他的政治如何相互影响的。
And one of the stories that Jad tells, a story that we're going to excerpt here today, is about where Fela's anti-colonial politics came from.
贾德讲述的故事之一，也就是我们今天要摘录的故事，是关于费拉的反殖民政治的来源。
Jad says that some of those beliefs can be traced back to his mother, Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti.
贾德说，其中一些信仰可以追溯到他的母亲芬米拉约·兰索姆-库蒂。
The story of her political accomplishments is not that well known outside of Nigeria, and it's kind of an amazing story on its own.
她的政治成就的故事在尼日利亚以外并不广为人知，但这本身就是一个令人惊叹的故事。
What she did in her small town helped transform the entire country.
她在小镇所做的一切帮助改变了整个国家。
Here's Jad with the story.
这是贾德的故事。
The story starts in the 1940s, Abeokuta, Nigeria, a town that is about 50 miles north of Lagos.
故事开始于20世纪40年代，尼日利亚阿贝奥库塔，一个位于拉各斯以北约50英里的小镇。
In Yoruba, "Abeokuta" means "refuge under the rocks," because what you see at the center of town is this massive granite boulder.
在约鲁巴语中，“Abeokuta”的意思是“岩石下的避难所”，因为您在城镇中心看到的就是这座巨大的花岗岩巨石。
It's a really beautiful place.
这真是一个美丽的地方。
And the British felt that Abeokuta was their crown jewel, really proof that the colonial project was working.
英国人认为阿贝奥库塔是他们皇冠上的明珠，这确实证明了殖民计划正在发挥作用。
Everything in Abeokuta was exactly as they wanted it.
阿贝奥库塔的一切都正如他们所愿。
And our main character, Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Fela Kuti's mother, she was kind part of that system, at least initially.
我们的主角 Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti，Fela Kuti 的母亲，她是这个系统的一部分，至少在最初是这样。
She taught at a very Christian, very British prep school--
她在一所非常基督教化、非常英国化的预科学校任教——
Is this it, you think?
你觉得是这个吗？
--that is still there today.
——今天还在那里。
When we visited, we saw hundreds of small kids in Christian prep uniforms, little boys in yellow shirts and ties, little girls in checked skirts.
当我们参观时，我们看到数百名穿着基督教预科制服的小孩子，穿着黄色衬衫和领带的小男孩，穿着格子裙子的小女孩。
And everywhere we went, about 20 young people, ages 12 to about 15, stared at us, very confused why we were there.
无论我们走到哪里，大约有 20 个年龄在 12 岁到 15 岁左右的年轻人盯着我们，很困惑我们为什么会在那里。
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad Do you know Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti?
Jad Abumrad 你知道 Funmilayo Ransom-Kuti 吗？
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad What do you know about her?
贾德·阿布姆拉德 你对她了解多少？
(SUBJECT) BRITTANY RAMOS Jad Abumrad She's the first woman to drive a car?
（主题）布列塔尼·拉莫斯 Jad Abumrad 她是第一个开车的女性？
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad This is something you hear a lot.
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 这是你经常听到的一句话。
And, in fact, her car is on display at a museum in town.
事实上，她的汽车正在镇上的一家博物馆展出。
What do they teach you about her at the school?
学校里他们教你什么关于她的事？
She's a teacher.
她是一名老师。
Kid 4 And a woman leader.
Kid 4 还有一位女领袖。
She was the first woman to stop the pain of tax of women.
她是第一个停止女性税收痛苦的女性。
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad Boom!
贾德·阿布姆拉德 繁荣！
That's the story we're going to tell on the radio.
这就是我们要在广播中讲述的故事。
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad OK.
贾德·阿布拉德 好的。
Last question.
最后一个问题。
Last question.
最后一个问题。
Do you have an anthem for Abeokuta Grammar School?
您有阿贝奥库塔文法学校的国歌吗？
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad Can you sing it for us?
Jad Abumrad 你能为我们唱一下吗？
Jad Abumrad OK, scene, set, done.
Jad Abumrad 好的，场景，布景，完成。
It's the 1940s.
现在是 20 世纪 40 年代。
Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti and her husband are running the grammar school.
Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti 和她的丈夫正在经营这所文法学校。
If you see pictures of her from this era, she dresses in almost Victorian style clothing-- puffy sleeves, buttons going down the front.
如果你看过她那个时代的照片，你会发现她穿着几乎维多利亚风格的衣服——蓬松的袖子，纽扣从前面垂下来。
She reminds you of the person you knew at school who is president of all the clubs.
她让你想起你在学校认识的一个人，他是所有俱乐部的主席。
Colonialism had basically created this whole new class of Nigerian elite who worked with the British.
殖民主义基本上创造了与英国人合作的全新尼日利亚精英阶层。
And she was basically that, at least at first.
她基本上就是这样，至少一开始是这样。
The first organization that she creates is actually an organization to teach Christian girls how to be good wives.
她创建的第一个组织实际上是一个教导基督徒女孩如何成为好妻子的组织。
This is historian Judith Byfield.
这是历史学家朱迪思·拜菲尔德。
She showed me photocopies of handwritten notes from Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti archives.
她给我看了 Funmilayo Ransom-Kuti 档案馆的手写笔记复印件。
Yeah, and, actually, I have a couple more envelopes.
是的，实际上，我还有几个信封。
Make yourself comfortable.
让自己舒服。
They were planning picnics.
他们正在计划野餐。
Jad Abumrad Picnic at 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM on the 31st.
Jad Abumrad 野餐时间为 31 日上午 10:00 至下午 4:00。
God, we have a whole dance program here.
天哪，我们这里有一整套舞蹈节目。
They were planning dances.
他们正在计划跳舞。
Jad Abumrad Foxtrot, Hokey Pokey.
贾德·阿布姆拉德《狐步舞》，《Hokey Pokey》。
Wow.
哇。
They were planning cookery classes.
他们正在计划烹饪课程。
They were talking about how to recruit--
他们正在讨论如何招募——
It was again suggested that more ladies should be asked to join the club.
有人再次建议应该邀请更多的女士加入俱乐部。
--for the next set of girls.
——给下一组女孩。
Jad Abumrad That's her handwriting right there.
贾德·阿布姆拉德 那是她的笔迹。
Wow, very loopy, precise cursive.
哇，非常循环，精确的草书。
F.
F。
Ransome-Kuti, President.
兰索姆-库蒂，总统。
It's a weird thing when you see someone's handwriting.
当你看到某人的笔迹时，这是一件很奇怪的事情。
Oh, yeah.
哦，是的。
Jad Abumrad They're there suddenly.
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad）：他们突然就到了。
And it turns out reading and writing would become one of the things, one of the catalytic agents that would take Funmilayo from cooking classes to coup plotting.
事实证明，阅读和写作将成为其中一件事，成为将 Funmilayo 从烹饪课带到政变策划的催化剂之一。
So-- Jad Abumrad This is historian Cheryl Johnson-Odom.
那么——贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 这是历史学家谢丽尔·约翰逊·奥多姆（Cheryl Johnson-Odom）。
She says it started one day in church.
她说事情是从一天在教堂开始的。
She said she was in church one time, and there was a market woman friend of hers who was singing but holding the hymnal upside down.
她说有一次她在教堂，她的一位市场女朋友正在唱歌，但把赞美诗本倒过来了。
And she said that was when she realized she couldn't read.
她说就在那时她意识到自己无法读书。
And she just learned the words.
她刚刚学会了这些词。
So she said the market women, because of the little group she had, started coming to her.
所以她说，由于她的人数很少，市场上的妇女开始来找她。
We can imagine after the service, Fumilayo told the woman, hey, I have this club, why don't you come.
我们可以想象，仪式结束后，Fumilayo 告诉那个女人，嘿，我有这个俱乐部，你为什么不来呢。
We'll teach you--
我们会教你——
--how to read.
——如何阅读。
Jad Abumrad This woman was not the kind of person who would have typically gone to the ladies club.
贾德·阿布姆拉德 这个女人不是那种通常会去女士俱乐部的人。
So the ladies club where all these elite Christian women.
所以女士俱乐部都是这些精英基督教女性的聚集地。
She worked in the markets.
她在市场工作。
Judith Byfield Very different class.
朱迪思·拜菲尔德 (Judith Byfield) 非常不同的班级。
We might guess that she sold dyed cloth.
我们可能会猜测她是卖染色布的。
A tie dyer.
扎染工。
Jad Abumrad Judith says that was a major industry in Abeokuta.
贾德·阿布姆拉德·朱迪思 (Jad Abumrad Judith) 表示，这是阿贝奥库塔的主要产业。
The market women would use indigo dye to create these very particular undulating patterns that look like water.
市场上的妇女会用靛蓝染料创造出这些非常特别的波浪形图案，看起来像水一样。
Pretty soon, all of the cloth dyers, and the rice sellers, and the red pepper sellers, and the potato sellers were all coming to Funmilayo's ladies club for reading lessons.
很快，所有的染布工、卖大米的、卖红辣椒的、卖土豆的都来Funmilayo的女士俱乐部上读书课。
In fact, Wole Soyinka, he's written about how he would sometimes be at her compound.
事实上，沃勒·索因卡（Wole Soyinka）曾写过他有时会在她的大院里的情况。
Women of every occupation, the cloth dyers, weavers, basket makers, they arrived in ones, twos, groups.
各行各业的妇女，染布工、织布工、编篮工，三五成群地来到这里。
They came from near and distant compounds.
他们来自远近的院落。
They smelled of the sweat of the journey, of dyes, dried fish, yam flour.
它们闻起来有旅途的汗味、染料的味道、鱼干的味道、山药粉的味道。
In addition to the head tie, their shoulder shawls, neatly folded, were placed lightly on their heads.
除了头带之外，她们的肩巾也折叠得整整齐齐，轻轻搭在头上。
Well, you saw the swirling colors and the womem's sashes.
好吧，你看到了旋转的颜色和女人的腰带。
That's Nobel Prize-winning writer Wole Soyinka, who is actually Fela Kuti's cousin.
那就是诺贝尔奖获得者作家沃勒·索因卡（Wole Soyinka），他实际上是费拉·库蒂（Fela Kuti）的表弟。
He spent a lot of time around Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti and has written about her extensively.
他在 Funmilayo Ransom-Kuti 身边度过了很多时间，并撰写了大量有关她的文章。
You saw the movement of the clothing, which meant get out of my way.
你看到衣服在动，这意味着别挡我的路。
He talked about them being the wrapper wearers.
他说他们是裹着衣服的人。
He said when the wrapper wearers showed up, boy, something was going down.
他说，当裹着衣服的人出现时，天哪，有些事情发生了。
And so the ladies club then sets up this literacy program, and Fela is involved.
因此，女士俱乐部设立了这个扫盲计划，费拉也参与其中。
Fela, apparently, would sit with the cloth makers and the peanut sellers, and he would teach them how to write their letters.
显然，费拉会与布料制造商和花生销售商坐在一起，他会教他们如何写信。
Wole Soyinka is involved.
沃莱·索因卡也参与其中。
They're all helping to teach the market women to write.
她们都在帮助教授市场女性写作。
Well, as I confessed, I was a great eavesdropper as a child.
嗯，正如我所承认的，我小时候是一个出色的窃听者。
Wole Soyinka said that, inevitably, after the reading and writing lessons, the talk would turn to politics, and the kids would have to leave the room.
沃勒·索因卡说，阅读和写作课结束后，不可避免地，谈话会转向政治，孩子们将不得不离开房间。
But he, and we might imagine Fela next to him, they would crouch down and listen just out of sight.
但他，以及我们可能想象的费拉就在他旁边，他们会蹲下来，在视线之外倾听。
And when they did, he says, they would hear the same words coming up over and over.
他说，当他们这样做时，他们会听到同样的话一遍又一遍地出现。
Taxes.
税收。
Judith Byfield Taxes.
朱迪思·拜菲尔德税收。
Taxes.
税收。
Taxes.
税收。
Taxes.
税收。
Taxes.
税收。
The Alake.
阿拉克。
The Alake.
阿拉克。
Wole Soyinka The Alake of Abeokuta was a formidable personality in his own right.
沃勒·索因卡 阿贝奥库塔的阿拉克本身就是一位令人敬畏的人物。
This person, the Alake, is going to come up a lot, so let me explain the situation and who he was.
这个人，阿拉克，会经常出现，所以让我解释一下情况以及他是谁。
Nigeria was a British colony, which we know.
我们知道，尼日利亚是英国的殖民地。
But colonialism took many forms.
但殖民主义有多种形式。
Unlike, say, South Africa, the Brits in Nigeria didn't have many white people on the ground.
与南非不同的是，尼日利亚的英国人并没有很多白人。
Instead, what they did was they ruled Nigeria through surrogates, like the Alake.
相反，他们所做的是通过阿拉克等代理人统治尼日利亚。
The Alake, which is the king of this town.
阿拉克河，它是这个小镇的国王。
Technically, the Alake was a king, and he definitely looks like it.
从技术上讲，阿拉克是一位国王，而且他看起来确实像国王。
In one photo of him, he's decked out in flowing robes with gold detailing, big crown studded with jewels, and someone is always holding a fringed umbrella over his head.
在他的一张照片中，他穿着带有金色细节的飘逸长袍，戴着镶满珠宝的大王冠，有人总是在他头上撑着一把流苏伞。
But if you look to the side of the picture, you see a white guy with a mustache and a shiny top hat.
但如果你看向照片的侧面，你会看到一个留着小胡子、戴着闪亮高顶帽子的白人。
In most photos of the Alake, there is a guy like that standing right at the edge of the picture.
在阿拉克的大多数照片中，都有一个这样的人站在照片的边缘。
Basically, the Alake is being told what to do by the British, and he's being held in power by the British.
基本上，阿拉克被英国人告知要做什么，他被英国人掌握了权力。
And the decision making is British, even if it comes out of the Alake's mouth.
即使决策是出自阿拉克之口，也是英国人做出的。
This was the basis of indirect rule.
这是间接统治的基础。
That was what the British said was so important about their system that they left those Indigenous political leaders, or titles at least, in place.
这就是英国人所说的他们的制度如此重要的原因，以至于他们保留了这些原住民政治领导人，或至少保留了头衔。
This is why the British loved Abeokuta so much, because it was the perfect case study for their classic move.
这就是为什么英国人如此喜爱阿贝奥库塔，因为这是他们经典举动的完美案例研究。
British government did this all over Asia in what is now Singapore, India, Bangladesh, and, of course, Africa.
英国政府在亚洲各地（现在的新加坡、印度、孟加拉国，当然还有非洲）都这样做了。
They would go in, take control of the leaders, and then use a local man dressed ostentatiously to execute their plans.
他们会进去控制领导人，然后利用一个衣着招摇的当地人来执行他们的计划。
(SUBJECT) RUBY WALSH: OK, so full confession-- I'm not really supposed to be recording in here.
（主题）鲁比·沃尔什（RUBY WALSH）： 好吧，我已经坦白了——我真的不应该在这里录音。
This is his diary from 1912 to 1915.
这是他从 1912 年到 1915 年的日记。
Our producer, Ruby Walsh, found a diary of one colonial officer who put it pretty plainly.
我们的制片人鲁比·沃尔什（Ruby Walsh）找到了一本殖民军官的日记，日记里写得非常清楚。
(SUBJECT) RUBY WALSH: The titular ruler is the Alake, who knows no English and started life as a canoe boy.
（主题）鲁比·沃尔什（RUBY WALSH）：名义上的统治者是阿拉克人，他不懂英语，一开始是个独木舟男孩。
However, the British commissioner, Mr. Young, is, of course, the dominating factor.
然而，英国专员杨先生当然是主导因素。
The little state is somewhat in the position of a would-be independent, but really very dependent, child.
这个小国家在某种程度上处于一个想要独立但实际上非常依赖的孩子的地位。
Getting back to the story, the market women coming to those literacy meetings were pissed.
回到这个故事，参加扫盲会议的市场妇女很生气。
Because around 1938, the British colonial officers, those men in suits at the margins of the photos, they went to the Alake and told him, we need you to tax the women in the market.
因为1938年左右，英国殖民官员，照片边缘那些穿着西装的男人，他们去阿拉克告诉他，我们需要你对市场上的女性征税。
Because at that time--
因为当时——
[SIREN WAILING] News Reporter Germany has invaded Poland and has bombed many towns.
[警笛哀嚎]新闻记者 德国入侵波兰并轰炸了许多城镇。
--World War II was about to happen.
——第二次世界大战即将爆发。
Hitler was rampaging his way through Europe.
希特勒正在欧洲横行。
General mobilization has been ordered in Britain and France.
英国和法国已下令进行总动员。
And this is something that no one teaches you in history class, but a lot of the manpower for the war effort came from European colonies in Africa.
这是历史课上没有人教你的东西，但战争的大量人力来自非洲的欧洲殖民地。
The people of Africa are doing excellent work to help the Allied cause, both by the production of raw materials and by finding men for the armed forces.
非洲人民通过生产原材料和为武装部队寻找人员，为帮助盟军事业做出了出色的工作。
You saw the soldiers being moved across Abeokuta in lorries, and they were going to fight some nasty man called Adolf Hitler, the big ogre overseas, who, in some way or the other, was involved in our own local politics on the wrong side.
你看到士兵们被卡车运过阿贝奥库塔，他们要去对抗一个叫阿道夫·希特勒的可恶的人，他是海外的大食人魔，以某种方式参与了我们当地的政治，站在了错误的一边。
This was happening all over Africa.
这种情况在非洲各地都在发生。
You had the Nigeria regiment.
你有尼日利亚军团。
You had stations on the shore of Sierra Leone.
你们在塞拉利昂海岸设有车站。
You had the Gold Coast regiment.
你有黄金海岸军团。
And so the British government now had this problem.
所以英国政府现在遇到了这个问题。
They're trying just to make sure they get enough rice to feed the soldiers.
他们只是想确保获得足够的大米来养活士兵。
And so there are all these conversations about how can we, in a sense, put more of a squeeze on the population?
因此，所有这些讨论都是关于我们如何才能在某种意义上对人口施加更多的压力？
It's a really combustible situation for these market women.
对于这些市场女性来说，这是一个非常易燃的情况。
What the British decided to do was create a contingent of tax collectors.
英国人决定建立一支征税队伍。
These were native tax collectors, so non-white.
这些人是当地的税务员，所以不是白人。
But like the Alake, they were directed by the British colonial officers.
但与阿拉克号一样，它们也是由英国殖民军官指挥的。
They were hated.
他们被憎恨了。
They were hated.
他们被憎恨了。
They were considered the slaves of white district officers.
他们被认为是白人地区官员的奴隶。
The tax collectors would march in to the markets, demand that the market sellers unload all their potatoes and their rice for a third of what they were asking.
收税员会走进市场，要求市场卖家以他们要价的三分之一的价格卸下所有的土豆和大米。
And if you don't sell to me, I'll actually just confiscate it, and you get nothing.
如果你不卖给我，我实际上就会没收它，你什么也得不到。
So during the war, they had no control over the prices.
所以在战争期间，他们无法控制价格。
On top of that, the tax collectors would levy all these new fines on the women.
最重要的是，税务人员将对这些妇女征收所有这些新的罚款。
Not only tax them, but make sure they pay.
不仅要向他们征税，还要确保他们付款。
So at those literacy meetings, the market woman would tell Funmilayo these stories about how they were being harassed, how they would try to sell at night to avoid the tax collectors but often get caught.
因此，在那些扫盲会议上，市场妇女会向 Funmilayo 讲述这些故事，讲述她们如何受到骚扰，如何试图在晚上出售以避免收税员但经常被抓住。
Taken to court and tried and sometimes get hard labor.
被带上法庭受审，有时还被劳役。
They were putting them in jail.
他们把他们关进监狱。
At one point, they started jailing them outside of Abeokuta so that their families couldn't see them.
有一次，他们开始将他们关押在阿贝奥库塔郊外，这样他们的家人就看不到他们。
Wole Soyinka writes about one literary meeting where an old woman got up to speak.
沃莱·索因卡（Wole Soyinka）写到了一次文学会议，一位老妇人站起来发言。
She was so old that she had to be assisted up.
她年纪太大了，必须有人搀扶。
The meeting was her first, and she had dragged her feeble body to the assembly as a last hope for the menace now hanging over her head.
这是她第一次参加会议，她拖着虚弱的身体参加会议，作为解决现在笼罩在她头上的威胁的最后希望。
She tells her story.
她讲述了她的故事。
Her son died and left 13 children behind, so she took over the farm to provide for them.
她的儿子去世了，留下了 13 个孩子，所以她接管了农场来养活他们。
Then, tax officers came to her and said, because she has a large farm, she gets a special assessment, asking for far more money than she has ever had.
然后，税务人员找到她，说因为她有一个大农场，所以她得到了特殊评估，要求的钱比她以前拥有的多得多。
You know, one of the things that the colonial enterprise did was it made assumptions about the way society was organized and structured.
你知道，殖民企业所做的一件事就是对社会的组织和结构方式做出假设。
It made assumptions about women.
它对女性做出了假设。
For instance, it went into the marketplace, and it started telling women where they could locate their markets.
例如，它进入市场，并开始告诉女性她们可以在哪里找到市场。
Well, nobody told women where they could locate their markets, not even African men.
好吧，没有人告诉女性她们可以在哪里找到市场，甚至非洲男性也没有。
Because there was a really different status between the public status of women and the private status of women.
因为女性的公共地位和女性私人地位之间确实存在着不同的地位。
And private women were, I'd say, generally oppressed by Indigenous patriarchy.
我想说，私人女性普遍受到土著父权制的压迫。
In public, it was like a whole different thing.
在公共场合，这就像完全不同的事情。
I mean, I saw a woman-- I don't tell this story often-- who was telling everybody what to do in the market-- you know, blah, blah, blah, blah-- men, too.
我的意思是，我看到一个女人——我不经常讲这个故事——她告诉每个人在市场上该做什么——你知道，等等，等等，等等——男人也是如此。
But I went to her house one time, and she was serving her husband on her knees.
但有一次我去她家，她正在跪着服侍她的丈夫。
And I'm like, this can't be you.
我想，这不可能是你。
This cannot be you.
这不可能是你。
And so the colonial enterprise began interfering with what had been the traditional rights of women-- where to decide where a market went, how much to charge for something.
因此，殖民企业开始干涉妇女的传统权利——决定市场走向何方、某物要价多少。
And so the women began to get very agitated.
于是女人们开始变得非常焦躁。
All of which is to say that as the meetings went on, the nature of the relationship between Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti and these market women began to shift.
所有这些都表明，随着会议的进行，芬米拉约·兰索姆·库蒂和这些市场女性之间的关系性质开始发生变化。
At first, it was just reading lessons.
起初，只是读课文。
But then, the market women began to approach her and ask her if she would write letters for them, letters to the Alake, to the British colonial officials.
但后来，市场上的妇女开始接近她，问她是否愿意为她们写信，写给阿拉克河、写给英国殖民官员。
Wow.
哇。
Aki Labi So where we are right now used to be her study-- Funmilayo's study.
Aki Labi 所以我们现在所在的地方曾经是她的书房——Funmilayo 的书房。
We took a tour of her house, a small, two-story house with a balcony overlooking a busy street.
我们参观了她的房子，这是一栋两层楼的小房子，有一个阳台，可以俯瞰繁忙的街道。
And our tour guide--
还有我们的导游——
My name is Aki Labi.
我叫阿基·拉比。
I'm the manager at the Kuti Heritage Museum.
我是库蒂遗产博物馆的经理。
--showed us her home office, a spare room, tiny rug, chair.
--向我们展示了她的家庭办公室、一间空房间、小地毯、椅子。
These are our original furnitures that we had to refurbish.
这些是我们必须翻新的原始家具。
Oh, yeah, it is.
哦，是的，是的。
Jad Abumrad Wow.
贾德·阿布拉德 哇。
What would she-- she'd probably listen to hymns, would you guess?
你猜她会怎么做——她可能会听赞美诗？
Yeah.
是的。
Jad Abumrad There was an old wooden desk facing out the window, and it was very easy to imagine her sitting there typing, just rifling off the hundreds of letters found in her archives.
贾德·阿布姆拉德 窗外有一张旧木桌，很容易想象她坐在那里打字，翻阅她档案中发现的数百封信件。
The Igbo women's suffering is becoming unbearable.
伊博族妇女的苦难变得难以忍受。
Igbo women have been summoned, worried, harangued, and ill treated by tax collectors.
伊博族妇女经常被税务员传唤、担心、训斥和虐待。
They said the soup they were given would not be eaten by dogs.
他们说他们给的汤不会被狗吃。
They had to spread their blankets out to sleep on.
他们不得不把毯子铺开才能睡觉。
Young girls are sometimes stripped naked in the streets by the men, officially designated collectors, in order to ascertain whether they are mature enough to pay tax or not.
年轻女孩有时会在街上被官方指定的收税人脱光衣服，以确定她们是否成熟到可以纳税。
A woman was jailed with a 9-day-old baby after she had paid her tax to the tax collector.
一名妇女在向税务员缴纳税款后，带着刚出生 9 天的婴儿被判入狱。
Back with Judith.
和朱迪思一起回来。
Jad Abumrad All right, so this is a letter to Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti from, I guess, an officer.
贾德·阿布姆拉德 好吧，这是一封写给 Funmilayo Ransom-Kuti 的信，我猜是一位官员写的。
In one exchange about that jailed woman, an officer replied.
在一次关于那位被监禁的妇女的交流中，一名警官回答道。
My Dear Mrs. Kuti, what does it matter if a woman is jailed with a day-old baby?
我亲爱的库蒂夫人，如果一名妇女带着刚出生一天的婴儿入狱，那又有什么关系呢？
What we want to know is that she pays her tax.
我们想知道的是她缴税了。
Wow.
哇。
Judith Byfield So they were taking these stories to Ransome-Kuti, and then Ransome-Kuti would try to talk to the Alake on their behalf.
朱迪思·拜菲尔德（Judith Byfield）所以他们把这些故事告诉兰塞姆-库蒂，然后兰塞姆-库蒂会尝试代表他们与阿拉克交谈。
He would basically say, there's nothing I can do.
他基本上会说，我无能为力。
He'd say you have to talk to the British.
他会说你必须和英国人谈谈。
This is their policy.
这是他们的政策。
And she was like, we have exhausted all these channels.
她说，我们已经用尽了所有这些渠道。
We go to the colonial officials.
我们去找殖民地官员。
They tell us it's the Alake.
他们告诉我们这是阿拉克河。
They go to him, and he says, it's not me.
他们去找他，他说，不是我。
It's the colonial officials who you have to talk to.
你必须与殖民官员交谈。
They have had it.
他们已经受够了。
They're like, this run around has to stop.
他们就像，这种奔跑必须停止。
Wole Soyinka remembers the moment when the vibe irrevocably shifted.
沃莱·索因卡 (Wole Soyinka) 还记得氛围发生不可逆转转变的那一刻。
It happened at the grammar school.
事情发生在文法学校。
There was no question of my going home that night.
那天晚上我毫无疑问要回家。
I sensed the beginning of an unusual event and was gripped by the excitement.
我感觉到一件不寻常事件的开始，并被兴奋所笼罩。
The women's group met till late.
女子组开会到很晚。
I had long fallen asleep on the bench in the dining room, and woke up the following morning in a bed in the dormitory of Mrs. Kuti's class.
我早已在餐厅的长凳上睡着了，第二天早上在库蒂老师班级宿舍的床上醒来。
On the following morning, at breakfast, I heard for the first time the expression Abeokuta Women's Union.
第二天早上，吃早餐时，我第一次听到“阿贝奥库塔妇女联盟”这个词。
The Abeokuta Women's Union.
阿贝奥库塔妇女联盟。
Jad Abumrad Wow, this is a--
贾德·阿布姆拉德 哇，这是一个——
At this point in the archives, you see a switch flip.
此时在档案中，您会看到一个开关翻转。
No more ladies club.
不再有女士俱乐部了。
This is a union.
这是一个联盟。
And no more Western clothes.
不再穿西服了。
From this point forward, she would dress in the same wraps and headscarves as the market women.
从那时起，她将穿着与市场妇女相同的围巾和头巾。
She started only wearing Nigerian clothing.
她开始只穿尼日利亚服装。
She never wore Western clothing again.
她再也没有穿过西式服装。
OK, this is constitutional rules and regulations, aims and objectives of the unions-- to establish and maintain unity and cooperation among all women in Igboland.
好的，这就是宪法规则和条例、工会的目的和目标——在伊博兰所有妇女之间建立和维持团结与合作。
Igboland, by the way, is a reference to one of the dominant ethnic groups in Nigeria.
顺便说一下，伊博兰指的是尼日利亚的主要民族之一。
To cooperate with all organizations seeking and fighting genuinely and selflessly for the economic and political freedom and independence of the people.
与所有真诚、无私地寻求和争取人民的经济和政治自由及独立的组织合作。
Dang.
当当。
Number 5-- to raise and maintain necessary and adequate-- man, it's like I read this stuff, and I'm like, we've got to get our shit together.
第五——筹集并维持必要和充足的资金——伙计，就像我读到了这些东西，我想，我们必须把我们的狗屎放在一起。
These people were organized.
这些人是有组织的。
And, you know, she had a car, so she used to drive to different communities and hold meetings with them.
而且，你知道，她有一辆车，所以她常常开车去不同的社区并与他们举行会议。
And we know, because Fela told it to his biographer, Carlos Moore, that when she got in a car to go to a meeting, she would often take him with her.
我们知道，因为费拉告诉他的传记作者卡洛斯摩尔，当她开车去参加会议时，她经常会带着他一起去。
So she and her husband owned this school.
所以她和她的丈夫拥有这所学校。
And so the school had huge grounds, and that's where the wrapper wearers would meet.
所以学校有很大的场地，那是穿着包装纸的人见面的地方。
While we were at the school, I kept looking into the fields behind where the kids were doing the Bible study.
当我们在学校的时候，我一直在观察孩子们学习圣经的后面的田地。
I mean, it wasn't the same field, but I kept trying to imagine what it would have looked like filled with thousands of women.
我的意思是，这不是同一个领域，但我一直试图想象如果有成千上万的女性，那会是什么样子。
You know, there were-- the estimates are between 10,000 and 20,000 members.
你知道，估计有 10,000 到 20,000 名成员。
According to Wole Soyinka, the first protest happened almost spontaneously.
沃勒·索因卡 (Wole Soyinka) 表示，第一次抗议几乎是自发发生的。
They poured out of the grammar school compound, filled the streets, and marched towards the palace of the Alake.
他们从文法学校大院涌出，挤满街道，向阿拉克王宫行进。
It was a bust.
这是一个半身像。
The authorities quickly shut it down and jailed Funmilayo, saying she didn't have a permit to march.
当局很快将其关闭，并监禁了芬米拉约，称她没有游行许可证。
When she was released, she thought, OK, fine.
当她被释放时，她想，好吧，好吧。
If you're not going to let us have a protest--
如果你不让我们抗议的话——
They said they were going to have a picnic.
他们说他们要去野餐。
So they gathered 10,000 women to go have a picnic.
于是他们召集了一万名妇女去野餐。
And they were carrying little packets of food.
他们还带着小包食物。
A week before, Funmilayo had held a massive meeting in her courtyard.
一周前，芬米拉约在她的院子里举行了一次大型会议。
And she said it at her compound.
她是在自己的院子里这么说的。
She came out, and she said to them-- and she said she was screaming because there were so many of them.
她出来了，她对他们说——她说她在尖叫，因为他们太多了。
Because she started talking, and they were like, in the back, I can't hear you.
因为她开始说话，他们就像，在后面，我听不到你的声音。
So she was screaming through her hands.
所以她用双手尖叫。
And she was saying, look.
她说，看。
This is the time.
现在是时候了。
I'm going to turn my back to you, and anybody who wants to can scurry away.
我将背对你，任何愿意的人都可以逃走。
I won't know who you are.
我不会知道你是谁。
I won't see you.
我不会见你。
Whoa.
哇哦。
Cheryl Johnson-Odom But when I turn back around, everybody I see better be on board.
谢丽尔·约翰逊-奥多姆 但是当我转身时，我看到的每个人最好都在船上。
And so she turned her back.
于是她转过身去。
And according to everybody, nobody left.
据每个人说，没有人离开。
Oh, my god.
我的天啊。
And then, as Wole Soyinka describes it, all at once, all 10,000 women took off their head wraps.
然后，正如沃勒·索因卡（Wole Soyinka）所描述的那样，所有 10,000 名女性突然都摘下了头巾。
It was always a dramatic moment.
这总是一个戏剧性的时刻。
Normally, there's a head tie nestling peacefully on the head.
通常情况下，头带会安静地系在头上。
The moment there's going to be conflict, off would come the head tie to the waist.
一旦发生冲突，腰间的头带就会解开。
They would tie it around their waist like a belt.
他们会把它像腰带一样系在腰上。
It's like throwing down the gauntlet.
这就像放下挑战。
When a woman takes off her head tie, ties it like a sash around her waist, men scatter.
当女人脱下头带，把它像腰带一样系在腰上时，男人们四散而去。
Oh, my god.
我的天啊。
You can see her addressing the crowd.
你可以看到她向人群讲话。
What!
什么！
Oh, wow.
哦，哇。
You can see the crowd.
你可以看到人群。
After 3.5 hours of diggig through the archives that Judith Byfield had laid out for me, I found these black-and-white pictures.
经过 3.5 小时的挖掘，朱迪思·拜菲尔德为我整理的档案，我找到了这些黑白照片。
There's literally like 10,000 people, 10,000 heads.
从字面上看，大约有 10,000 个人，10,000 个头。
In one picture, shot from above, you see thousands of heads covered in white scarves, white circles filling every millimeter of the picture.
在一张从上方拍摄的照片中，你可以看到数千个头上戴着白色围巾的人，白色圆圈填满了照片的每一毫米。
And to the side, on a platform, one woman addresses them.
在旁边的一个平台上，一名妇女向他们讲话。
And next to her, maybe a young boy?
在她旁边，也许还有一个小男孩？
Probably.
大概。
I'm just imagining it.
我只是想象一下。
I'm getting a little too excited.
我有点太兴奋了。
Oh, my God, these pictures.
哦，天哪，这些照片。
This rally is perhaps the moment right before they march to the Alake's palace, which is when things really go down.
这次集会也许是他们进军阿拉克宫殿之前的时刻，那是事情真正恶化的时候。
My sense of it is you would see this sea of women approaching the palace.
我的感觉是，你会看到这群女人走近宫殿。
What you would see is you would see men getting out of the way.
你会看到男人们让开。
And they would often tell the British.
他们经常告诉英国人。
The British would come to them and say, get these women to stop it.
英国人会来找她们并说，让这些女人阻止这一切。
And they would say, we don't tell the market women what to do.
他们会说，我们不会告诉市场女性该做什么。
We cannot stop it.
我们无法阻止它。
And there's a wonderful passage in Aké, where Soyinka talks about one of the chiefs running into his mother's shop and hiding there, because the women had stripped him of his clothes and just reduced him to his underwear.
《阿克》中有一段精彩的段落，索因卡谈到一位酋长跑进他母亲的商店并躲在那里，因为女人们把他的衣服脱光了，只剩下内衣。
Speaking of Wole Soyinka, he snuck ahead of the women to the palace, which we visited.
说到沃莱·索因卡，他在女人们之前偷偷溜进了我们参观的宫殿。
Picture a gated mansion painted canary yellow.
想象一下一座漆成金丝雀黄色的门禁豪宅。
He snaked through the gate, under the stone archway, and into this spacious square.
他蜿蜒穿过大门，穿过石牌坊下方，进入了这片宽敞的广场。
OK, we're in the-- this must have been the courtyard where they were.
好吧，我们现在在——这一定是他们所在的庭院。
It's a big open space with peacocks milling about.
这是一个很大的空地，孔雀在周围飞来飞去。
[PEACOCK SQUAWKING] As you walk into the courtyard, you see a building in front of you, yellow building.
[孔雀叫]当你走进院子时，你看到前面有一座建筑，黄色的建筑。
(SUBJECT) RUBY WALSH: There's an image of them talking to the Alake, and the Alake coming down from a balcony.
（主题）RUBY WALSH：有一张他们与 Alake 交谈的图像，Alake 从阳台上下来。
That might have been the balcony.
那可能是阳台。
That's probably the balcony.
那应该是阳台吧
Up high, there was a single balcony with glass doors, the Alake's bedroom.
高处有一个带玻璃门的阳台，那是阿拉克的卧室。
He initially stayed inside as the women flooded the courtyard.
当妇女们涌入庭院时，他最初呆在里面。
So they were probably right here.
所以他们很可能就在这里。
You'd just see a sea of white headscarves.
你只会看到一片白色头巾的海洋。
At first, some of the Alake's junior chiefs come outside and try and hold the women back to keep them from entering.
起初，阿拉克的一些初级酋长来到外面，试图阻止妇女们进入。
They comply, but only in exchange for a conversation with the Alake.
他们遵守了规定，但只是为了换取与阿拉克人的对话。
So the juniors go inside.
于是，后辈们就进去了。
Then, the glass doors on that balcony opened, and the Alake stepped out, dressed in his gold robes.
然后，阳台上的玻璃门打开了，穿着金色长袍的阿拉克走了出来。
When the Alake appeared, they curtsied, going down on their knees but no more.
当阿拉克出现时，他们行了屈膝礼，跪下，但没有再跪下。
The Alake had obviously resolved to receive the emissaries courteously.
阿拉克显然已经决定礼貌地接待这些使者。
A protester, one of Mrs. Kuti's lieutenants, stepped forward and called up to the Alake.
一名抗议者，库蒂夫人的副手之一，走上前来，向阿拉克喊话。
Kabiyesi: the message-- Nigerian Reader The message which I bring you today is the message of all women who have left their stalls, their homes, and children, their farms and petty affairs to come and visit you today.
卡比耶西：讯息——尼日利亚读者 今天我给你们带来的讯息是所有今天离开自己的摊位、家庭、孩子、农场和琐事来拜访你们的妇女的讯息。
They are the suffering crowd who are gathered on your front lawn.
他们是聚集在你家前草坪上的受苦人群。
You can see them yourself, Kabiyesi.
你可以亲自看到他们，卡比耶西。
They are all the womanhood of Igbo.
她们都是伊博人的女性气质。
The voice with which I speak is the voice of our Bira, Mrs. Kuti.
我说话的声音是我们的比拉库蒂夫人的声音。
The words which you hear from me are the words of Mrs. Kuti.
你们从我这里听到的话是库蒂夫人的话。
She asked me to tell you on behalf of those women you see outside that the women of Igbo have had enough.
她让我代表你们在外面看到的那些妇女告诉你们，伊博族妇女已经受够了。
In hindsight, it was rather like protagonists and the chorus.
事后看来，这很像主角和合唱团。
Wole Soyinka describes the scene almost like it had a kind of mythic choreography.
沃勒·索因卡 (Wole Soyinka) 描述这一场景时几乎就像是进行了某种神话般的编排。
You had the massed women.
你有大量的女性。
You had the moment when the white district officer came in through the gates and was booed roundly.
有一瞬间，白人地区官员从大门进来，遭到全场嘘声。
A policeman ordered a district officer to clear his way through the crowd towards Mrs. Kuti.
一名警察命令一名地区官员穿过人群，向库蒂夫人开路。
As he moved through, the women threw insults at him from all directions, getting in his face.
当他走过时，女人们从四面八方对他进行侮辱，侮辱他的脸。
Mrs. Kuti stayed rooted.
库蒂夫人依然坚定不移。
Officer-- look here, Mrs. Kuti.
警官——看这里，库蒂夫人。
We are trying to hold a serious meeting here.
我们正试图在这里举行一次严肃的会议。
Will you kindly keep your women in order?
你能管好你的女人吗？
Officer-- well, tell them to shut up.
警官——好吧，让他们闭嘴。
Shut up your women.
让你的女人闭嘴。
I think her exact words were-- you may have been born, but you were not bred.
我认为她的原话是——你可能是出生的，但你不是养育的。
Those words would fly around Abeokuta for weeks.
这些话在阿贝奥库塔周围流传了好几个星期。
I think that's the one which then became translated that you lack bread in your house and all kinds of other versions.
我想这就是后来被翻译成“你家里缺面包”以及其他各种版本的说法。
Anyway, she gave it to him back with interest.
不管怎样，她还是饶有兴趣地还给了他。
And it was at that point that the women began to sing.
就在那时，女人们开始唱歌。
This is one of the most interesting parts of the story to me.
对我来说，这是故事中最有趣的部分之一。
Oh, look at this.
哦，看看这个。
Judith Byfield Yeah, this--
朱迪思·拜菲尔德 是的，这个——
All songs sung during the Women's Union demonstrations from Fort-- oh, hello.
在堡垒妇女联盟示威期间演唱的所有歌曲——哦，你好。
This is-- what?
这是——什么？
In the archives that Judith showed me, Fumilayo has documented all of the songs, the protest songs that the women sang when they occupied the palace.
在朱迪思给我看的档案中，富米拉约记录了所有歌曲，即妇女们占领宫殿时唱的抗议歌曲。
First of all, there are a lot of these songs.
首先，这些歌曲有很多。
There's 200 different songs they were singing.
他们唱了200首不同的歌曲。
Mm-hmm.
嗯嗯。
Jad Abumrad Every protest movement is defined by its music, to some degree, and there are pages and pages of these songs in the archives.
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 在某种程度上，每一次抗议运动都是由它的音乐来定义的，档案里有一页又一页的这些歌曲。
All the songs are in Yoruba, so we hired a language expert to help us translate them, and then a choir in Lagos to sing them.
所有歌曲都是约鲁巴语，所以我们聘请了一位语言专家来帮助我们翻译它们，然后在拉各斯聘请了一个合唱团来演唱它们。
And these songs are wild.
这些歌曲很狂野。
Because they would sing insulting songs.
因为他们会唱侮辱性的歌曲。
And a quick warning, they get kind of graphic.
快速警告一下，他们会得到某种图形。
They would say things like-- Women [CHANTING]
他们会说这样的话——女人[吟唱]
Cheryl Johnson-Odom You know, white man is not going to get back to his country alive.
谢丽尔·约翰逊-奥多姆 你知道，白人不会活着回到他的国家。
We're going to cut off the Aleke's head.
我们要砍下阿雷克的头。
The Alake's genitals are small.
阿拉克人的生殖器很小。
I mean, all kinds of just mean, mean things to just insult.
我的意思是，各种卑鄙、卑鄙的事情只是为了侮辱。
Jad Abumrad The chorus that we got to sing these songs were gasping when they read the lyrics.
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 当我们唱这些歌曲的合唱团读到歌词时，他们都喘不过气来。
[NON-ENGLISH SPEECH] Fefe Odudu English.
[非英语演讲] Fefe Odudu 英语。
English translation-- Alake that has the penis-- his penis is as big as a horse.
英文翻译——有阴茎的阿拉克——他的阴茎像马一样大。
The Alake has a penis as big as a horse, however--
阿拉克人有一个像马一样大的阴茎，然而——
[CHATTER] Jad Abumrad We will cut it off, basically.
[CHATTER] Jad Abumrad 基本上我们会切断它。
The literal translation is, as best as we can tell, we will emit fire from our vaginas that will wound his penis.
据我们所知，字面翻译是，我们将从阴道中发射火焰，伤害他的阴茎。
You can't.
你不能。
You can't translate them literally like exactly how it is.
你不能按照字面意思来翻译它们。
This is one of the reasons why the protest movement became known as Vengeance of the Vagina Head.
这就是抗议运动被称为阴道头复仇的原因之一。
There is an African tradition called sitting on a man.
非洲有一个传统，叫做坐在男人身上。
Sitting on a man means gathering outside of a man's house and singing insulting, derisive songs, and daring him to come out.
坐在男人身上意味着聚集在男人的屋外，唱着侮辱、嘲笑的歌曲，并逼迫他出来。
And men were scared to death of it.
人们对此害怕得要死。
Now, no one woman could talk to her husband like that.
现在，没有一个女人可以这样跟她的丈夫说话。
So if a man beat a woman, she might run to her market women's group, and then they would descend in the hundreds on her house, telling her husband if he ever beat her again, they were going to deal with them.
因此，如果一个男人殴打一个女人，她可能会跑到市场上的妇女团体，然后数百人会来到她家，告诉她的丈夫，如果他再殴打她，他们就会对付他们。
Wow.
哇。
Cheryl Johnson-Odom So they would start singing those songs to the Alake.
谢丽尔·约翰逊-奥多姆 所以他们会开始对着阿拉克唱这些歌曲。
And then they would say, and we're not leaving either.
然后他们会说，我们也不会离开。
Coming up after the break, the women make the British experience something they have absolutely no answer for.
中场休息后，女人们让英国人经历了她们绝对无法回答的事情。
That's in a minute on Chicago Public Radio when our program continues.
芝加哥公共广播电台稍后将继续我们的节目。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Today's program, "Bigger Than Me," stories of people trying to rise to the historic moment that they find themselves in.
今天的节目“比我更伟大”讲述了人们试图崛起到他们发现自己所处的历史时刻的故事。
If you're just tuning in, we're in the middle of an excerpt from Jad Abumrad's new podcast about Fela Kuti.
如果您刚刚收听，我们正在收听 Jad Abumrad 关于 Fela Kuti 的新播客的摘录。
This particular story is about Fela's mother, Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti.
这个特别的故事是关于费拉的母亲芬米拉约·兰索姆-库蒂的。
Jad picks up where he left off.
贾德从上次停下的地方继续说道。
The women are trying to convince the Alake to stop taxing them unfairly.
妇女们正试图说服阿拉克家族停止对她们不公平地征税。
The market women camped out in the courtyard of the Alake's palace, and then they began round-the-clock shifts.
市场女人们在阿拉克王宫的庭院里扎营，然后开始全天候轮班。
Wole Soyinka remembers that those encampments became like a city.
沃莱·索因卡 (Wole Soyinka) 记得那些营地变得像一座城市。
There were moments of absolute stillness-- for instance, when they started cooking.
有一些绝对静止的时刻——例如，当他们开始做饭的时候。
Because they laid siege.
因为他们围攻了。
They were there all night, and they took turns.
他们整夜都在那里，轮流着。
Sometimes would go home, look after the children, and come back to their position.
有时会回家，照顾孩子，然后回到自己的岗位上。
So there was cooking also and the activity, especially at night, when they lit their lamps, oil lamps, to stay on the siege.
因此，还有做饭和活动，尤其是在晚上，当他们点燃灯、油灯时，以继续围攻。
At some point, you described yourself as a courier.
在某些时候，您将自己描述为一名快递员。
Yes, it's true.
是的，这是真的。
I was a courier since I was so small.
我从小就是一名快递员。
And there were police, lots of police around and the Alake's own guards.
还有警察，周围有很多警察，还有阿拉克自己的警卫。
Since I was so tiny, people didn't take much notice of me.
因为我太小了，所以人们并没有太注意到我。
And so Mrs. Kuti in particular--
尤其是库蒂夫人——
He says she would entrust him with these notes.
他说她会把这些笔记托付给他。
Little notes to her forces who were scattered in front of the palace.
散布在宫殿前的她的部队的小纸条。
These protests happened on and off as the year went on.
随着时间的推移，这些抗议活动时断时续地发生。
I mean, they literally made the town ungovernable.
我的意思是，他们确实让这个小镇变得无法治理。
They shut down the market, and they stayed camped out just outside the Alake's window.
他们关闭了市场，并在阿拉克窗外扎营。
The sea of women is in the palace, and he can't get out.
宫里女海一片，他出不去。
After several months of this, he starts to crack.
几个月后，他开始崩溃。
Yes.
是的。
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad And is he amassing soldiers to try and drive a wedge through the protesters?
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad）他是否正在集结士兵，试图与抗议者打交道？
So that's a really interesting story.
这是一个非常有趣的故事。
I learned from the memoir of the main colonial official that they did have soldiers on the edge of town, and they were contemplating bringing the soldiers into town.
我从主要殖民官员的回忆录中得知，他们确实在城镇边缘部署了士兵，并且他们正在考虑将士兵带入城镇。
In fact, the Alake was trying to beg him to bring the soldiers in.
事实上，阿拉克人正试图恳求他将士兵带进来。
This is not theoretical.
这不是理论上的。
Almost 20 years earlier, in a different part of Nigeria, there had been a different revolt, also led by women.
大约 20 年前，在尼日利亚的另一个地区，发生了一场不同的叛乱，也是由妇女领导的。
Also a struggle around taxation.
还有围绕税收的斗争。
And in the 29 protests, they did call out the army, and women were killed.
在29次抗议中，他们确实出动了军队，并且有妇女被杀。
Army opened fire on a crowd and killed over 50 women.
军队向人群开枪，造成 50 多名妇女死亡。
A few years before that, in 1918, a similar rebellion ended up with 600 people dead.
几年前的 1918 年，一场类似的叛乱导致 600 人死亡。
Fela would actually sing a song about this.
费拉实际上会为此唱一首歌曲。
He would adapt a folk song that was used in the protest and set it to music.
他会改编抗议中使用的一首民歌并将其谱成音乐。
But that's many years later.
但那是很多年以后的事了。
Let's not get ahead of ourselves.
我们不要超前。
At that moment, if anything, Fela is in the encampment with his mom as the tension mounted, because it looked like this protest with the market women was going to end the same way as the others.
在那一刻，如果有什么不同的话，随着紧张局势的加剧，费拉和他的妈妈一起在营地里，因为看起来这场针对市场妇女的抗议将会像其他抗议一样以同样的方式结束。
Because what the Alake was saying, essentially, to his British masters was what you did last time, do it again, please.
因为阿拉克对他的英国主人说的基本上就是你上次所做的事情，请再做一次。
They were very conscious of that earlier era.
他们对那个早期时代非常了解。
And so in the 47 now, they have the army close-- basically on the edge of town.
因此，现在的 47 团，他们的军队就在附近——基本上是在城镇边缘。
The market women are camped out, well aware of the violence that might be about to go down.
市场上的妇女们在外面扎营，她们很清楚暴力事件可能会减少。
But both Judith and Cheryl say that somewhere around this point in the standoff, the women begin to protest in an entirely new way.
但朱迪思和谢丽尔都表示，在对峙的这个时刻，妇女们开始以一种全新的方式抗议。
A few of them stepped forward.
几人上前。
Apparently, right there in the plaza, some number of women-- we don't have accurate details on, maybe a dozen, maybe a hundred-- they got together and, while facing the Alake window all at once, they disrobed.
显然，就在广场上，有一些妇女——我们没有确切的细节，也许有十几个，也许有一百个——她们聚集在一起，同时面对着阿拉克的窗户，她们脱掉了衣服。
And the idea is that if you see an older woman naked, that's an abomination.
这个想法是，如果你看到一个年长的女人赤身裸体，那就是令人厌恶的。
Judith explained that in many West African cultures, and, in fact, in many other cultures around the world, women disrobing, particularly older women, was thought of as a kind of weapon, a summoning of a spiritual power--
朱迪思解释说，在许多西非文化中，事实上，在世界各地的许多其他文化中，女性脱衣，尤其是老年女性，被认为是一种武器，一种精神力量的召唤——
Partly because of their ability to procreate, women are thought to be in touch with the spiritual powers around them and thought to be able to really weaponize that.
部分原因在于她们的生育能力，女性被认为能够与周围的精神力量保持联系，并被认为能够真正将其武器化。
--that when they disrobed, any man who looked on them was now a target.
——当他们脱下衣服后，任何看到他们的男人都会成为目标。
I find this moment so interesting.
我觉得这一刻很有趣。
You have these women shoulder to shoulder, putting out a kind of spiritual power, almost like a force field.
这些女人肩并肩，散发出一种精神力量，几乎就像一个力场。
And then, just outside of town, you have an army.
然后，就在城外，你有一支军队。
Yeah.
是的。
Jad Abumrad It's like two different epistemologies, in a way, of power.
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 在某种程度上，这就像两种不同的权力认识论。
Yes.
是的。
Yes.
是的。
Jad Abumrad You have military power, and then you have this no less potent symbolic power.
贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 你拥有军事力量，而且你还拥有同样强大的象征力量。
Yeah.
是的。
Jad Abumrad And they're lined up against each other.
Jad Abumrad 他们排成一排互相对抗。
Exactly.
确切地。
And so they have the army close, basically on the edge of town.
所以他们的军队很近，基本上就在城镇的边缘。
And Judith says, if you read the correspondence that was flying back and forth between the Alake, and the generals, and between the various British officers, they were like, fuck.
朱迪思说，如果你读过阿拉克号和将军们之间以及各个英国军官之间来来往往的信件，他们就会说，操。
What do we do with this?
我们用这个做什么？
We could march in, kill them all, as we've done before.
我们可以进军，把他们全部杀掉，就像我们以前做过的那样。
But they're saying, do we want to create martyrs?
但他们说，我们想创造烈士吗？
The British understood on some level that women hold the culture of a place.
英国人在某种程度上理解女性掌握着一个地方的文化。
They are traditionally the child rearers, the relationship tenders.
传统上，他们是孩子的抚养者，关系很温和。
So if you attack them--
所以如果你攻击他们——
--that might unleash an energy that they can't contain.
——这可能会释放出他们无法遏制的能量。
--that could then bring young men and the ones you usually fear out into the streets as well.
——这可能会让年轻人和那些你通常害怕的人也走上街头。
Don't forget, the British were outnumbered.
别忘了，英国人寡不敌众。
They didn't actually have a lot of soldiers on the ground.
他们实际上并没有很多地面士兵。
And so on one hand, the state is a little hamstrung about how you deal with women.
因此，一方面，国家在如何对待女性方面有点束手无策。
I think, in general, it's fair to say that a lot of politics is driven by the fact that men are afraid of women.
我认为，总的来说，可以公平地说，很多政治都是由男人害怕女人这一事实驱动的。
In this case, the British definitely were.
在这种情况下，英国人绝对是。
(SUBJECT) RUBY WALSH: We lived in a constant strain, for we never knew when the pot would boil over.
（主题）鲁比·沃尔什（RUBY WALSH）：我们生活在持续的压力之中，因为我们永远不知道锅什么时候会沸腾。
That is how John Blair, the main colonial officer stationed in Abeokuta, put it in his diary.
驻扎在阿贝奥库塔的主要殖民官员约翰·布莱尔在日记中这样写道。
(SUBJECT) RUBY WALSH: When the tension was at its worst, I got quite ill, and the doctor sent me to hospital in Lagos.
（主题）鲁比·沃尔什（RUBY WALSH）：当紧张局势最严重时，我病得很重，医生把我送到拉各斯的医院。
I was sure I was suffering from nervous exhaustion.
我确信我患有神经衰弱。
On July 29, 1948, in the dead of night, as protesters were camped all around the palace, the British sent a car to the palace to take the Alake, his wives, and his family away.
1948 年 7 月 29 日，深夜，当抗议者在宫殿周围扎营时，英国派一辆汽车前往宫殿，将阿拉克及其妻子和家人带走。
They snuck him out of town.
他们把他偷偷带出了城。
He didn't want to leave.
他不想离开。
Yeah.
是的。
They put him in a car.
他们把他放进车里。
So one of the colonial officials I interviewed had been involved with getting him out of town.
因此，我采访的一位殖民地官员参与了把他赶出城镇的行动。
And he said they put him in the car and had him lie down on the back seat.
他说他们把他放进车里，让他躺在后座上。
So they were sneaking him out without the women being aware that he was leaving town.
所以他们偷偷把他偷偷溜了出去，而女人们并不知道他要离开小镇。
OK, so this is a speech that the Alake made a few months after they took him away.
好的，这是阿拉克人在他们带走他几个月后发表的演讲。
After more than a half century of service--
经过半个多世纪的服务——
(SUBJECT) NIGERIAN READER: Jad Abumrad I cannot bear any longer the sight of turmoil, strife, and discontent.
（主题）尼日利亚读者：贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 我再也无法忍受混乱、冲突和不满的景象。
(SUBJECT) NIGERIAN READER: Jad Abumrad Wow, quite a speech.
（主题）尼日利亚读者：贾德·阿布姆拉德（Jad Abumrad） 哇，非常精彩的演讲。
[LAUGHTER] In other words, he abdicated the throne.
[笑声] 换句话说，他放弃了王位。
That was huge.
那是巨大的。
No other woman is ever credited with unseating a sitting king.
没有其他女性因推翻现任国王而受到赞誉。
Drumming began in the Olubunmi houses at 5:00 PM on August 21, 1948, followed by firing of guns by hunters and dance by all at Alake Square.
1948 年 8 月 21 日下午 5:00，击鼓活动在奥鲁本米 (Olubunmi) 房屋中开始，随后猎人鸣枪，所有人在阿拉克广场 (Alake Square) 跳舞。
50 different forms of African dances were in attendance.
共有50种不同形式的非洲舞蹈参加。
They were dancing at the dawn of a new day.
他们在新一天的黎明时跳舞。
They talked about Abeokuta being liberated.
他们谈论阿贝奥库塔被解放。
And they have this thanksgiving ceremony.
他们有这个感恩节仪式。
There's this minister who speaks on behalf of the women.
这位部长代表妇女发言。
He said it took the women to do what the men couldn't do for 28 years.
他说，女人花了28年时间才做到了男人做不到的事情。
And in the archives, what you see from this point forward are hundreds of letters from other women.
在档案中，从现在开始你看到的是其他女性的数百封信件。
She had letters in her paper from women all over the continent saying, Mother, you have so inspired us.
她的报纸上有来自非洲大陆各地女性的来信，她们说：“母亲，您激励了我们。”
1948, Dear Mrs. Kuti.
1948 年，亲爱的库蒂夫人。
I am penning you this day under the respect I owe to women.
今天我写下这篇文章是出于对女性的尊重。
Women from unions all over start to reach out.
各地工会的妇女开始伸出援手。
We, the Alawa Oribe Women's Union, send this letter to ask for your assistance.
我们，阿拉瓦奥里贝妇女联盟，特此函请求您的帮助。
Copycat women's unions start to appear everywhere.
模仿的妇女工会开始到处出现。
South Africa, the anti-apartheid movement, Ghana.
南非，反种族隔离运动，加纳。
Arab Women's Society, Union of Albanian Women, Union of Australian Women, Union of Korean Women.
阿拉伯妇女协会、阿尔巴尼亚妇女联盟、澳大利亚妇女联盟、韩国妇女联盟。
So you can look everywhere.
所以你可以到处看看。
Jad Abumrad Democratic League of Finnish Women, Democratic Union of German Women, Federation of Cuban Women, League for Lebanese Women Rights.
Jad Abumrad 芬兰妇女民主联盟、德国妇女民主联盟、古巴妇女联合会、黎巴嫩妇女权利联盟。
Woo.
呜。
Union of Luxembourg Women.
卢森堡妇女联盟。
And I'm only at the M's.
而我只拿到了M。
We in the West tend to emphasize the legacies of Africa's male leaders, the Kwame Nkrumahs the Nelson Mandelas.
我们西方人倾向于强调非洲男性领导人夸梅·恩克鲁玛和纳尔逊·曼德拉的遗产。
But if you look across the continent from this point forward, you see women leading revolts in Senegal, Cameroon, South Africa, Gold Coast, Algeria, Kenya, Mozambique, Ivory Coast, Togo, Mali, Somalia, Egypt.
但如果你从现在开始放眼整个非洲大陆，你会看到塞内加尔、喀麦隆、南非、黄金海岸、阿尔及利亚、肯尼亚、莫桑比克、科特迪瓦、多哥、马里、索马里、埃及的妇女领导起义。
It's a story we've largely missed.
这是一个我们很大程度上错过的故事。
And the erasure of it all kind of landed on us when we went off in search of Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti's grave.
当我们去寻找芬米拉约·兰索姆-库蒂的坟墓时，一切都被抹掉了。
Aki, our tour guide from earlier, pointed us toward the Anglican church that was 300 feet from the house.
早些时候我们的导游阿基（Aki）向我们指出了距离房子 300 英尺的英国圣公会教堂。
Yes, hi.
是的，嗨。
We were told that Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti is buried in this church, or we're not sure which church.
我们被告知 Funmilayo Ransom-Kuti 埋葬在这座教堂中，或者我们不确定是哪个教堂。
[SPEAKING YORUBA] Jad Abumrad The guy walked us to the back side of the church.
[约鲁巴语] Jad Abumrad 那家伙带我们走到教堂的后面。
This here?
这里？
Nigerian Man Fela's mother is here.
尼日利亚男子费拉的母亲在这里。
Fela's mother.
费拉的母亲。
Yes.
是的。
Here we are.
我们到了。
There was a grave set in concrete.
有一座混凝土坟墓。
Mrs. Kuti is buried with her husband.
库蒂夫人与她的丈夫合葬。
There's a headstone, and then above the headstone is a bust of Reverend Kuti.
有一块墓碑，墓碑上方有一尊库蒂牧师的半身像。
And there on the tombstone is his bust, and on the epitaph--
墓碑上有他的半身像，墓志铭上——
President, Nigerian Union of Teachers Association, 1930 to 1954.
尼日利亚教师协会联合会主席，1930 年至 1954 年。
--did a lot to revolutionize the educational system in Nigeria.
——为彻底改变尼日利亚的教育体系做了很多工作。
But his wife, who is buried with him and who led a revolt to depose the king, she's hardly mentioned.
但他的妻子却很少被提及，她与他合葬，并领导了一场废黜国王的叛乱。
It's crazy they didn't say anything about her.
他们没有说任何关于她的事情，这太疯狂了。
Barely a word.
几乎没有一句话。
All there is this one line that says, RIP, my love Funmilayo.
只有这样一行字：安息吧，我的爱人Funmilayo。
(SUBJECT) RUBY WALSH: Are you surprised?
（主题）鲁比·沃尔什：你感到惊讶吗？
A little bit.
一点点。
I was expecting her to have a thing.
我原以为她会有事。
Yeah, that says a lot.
是的，这说明了很多。
Jad Abumrad Even people who do remember her, says Judith, tend to think of her as a footnote in Fela's story, rather than the hero of her own.
贾德·阿布姆拉德 朱迪思说，即使是那些记得她的人，也倾向于将她视为费拉故事中的一个脚注，而不是她自己的英雄。
I so appreciate that you're doing this, though, because that's the thing that drove me crazy.
不过，我很感激你这样做，因为这就是让我发疯的事情。
She became reduced to Fela's mother.
她沦为费拉的母亲。
And so even when I would give talks in Nigeria, people would be surprised at all the stuff that I bring out.
因此，即使我在尼日利亚发表演讲，人们也会对我提出的所有内容感到惊讶。
Because her activism has just really been forgotten.
因为她的行动主义真的被遗忘了。
Fela Kuti himself would eventually take up positions about the role of women in society that were very controversial and, in many ways, flew in the face of what his mother was fighting for.
费拉·库蒂本人最终对女性在社会中的角色提出了非常有争议的立场，并且在很多方面与他母亲所争取的目标背道而驰。
And yet, he did honor her.
然而，他确实尊重她。
He referred to her as the Mother of Nigeria.
他称她为尼日利亚之母。
And in 1978, when she died, after the government raided his compound and literally threw her out of a window, he records a song called "Unknown Soldier," where he sings about the incident, and you can hear his voice break.
1978 年，当她去世时，政府突袭了他的住所，并将她扔出窗外，他录制了一首名为“无名士兵”的歌曲，在歌曲中他唱到了这一事件，你可以听到他的声音在颤抖。
Ideological mama Them throw my mama out of from window
意识形态妈妈 他们把我妈妈从窗户扔出去
Them kill my mama Them carry everybody go
他们杀了我妈妈 他们带着所有人走
So he never forgot what she'd accomplished, and neither did those market women who marched with her.
所以他永远不会忘记她所取得的成就，那些和她一起游行的市场妇女也没有忘记。
This is Yeni Kuti, Fela's oldest daughter, Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti's granddaughter.
这是 Yeni Kuti，Fela 的大女儿，Funmilayo Ransom-Kuti 的孙女。
My grandmother, when we were burying her, we went in a convoy to Abeokuta.
我的祖母，当我们埋葬她时，我们随车队前往阿贝奥库塔。
Abeokuta is her town.
阿贝奥库塔是她的城镇。
When we got to the border of Abeokuta, there was this mammoth crowd of women-- mammoth crowd of women.
当我们到达阿贝奥库塔边境时，看到了一大群女人——一大群女人。
We had to stop.
我们不得不停下来。
They took her body from us, and they walked with her.
他们从我们身边夺走了她的尸体，并与她同行。
And they honored her as the voice of the women.
他们将她视为女性的代言人。
It was a people's funeral.
这是一场人民的葬礼。
It was a people's funeral.
这是一场人民的葬礼。
Jad Abumrad's podcast about Fela is called Fela Kuti: Fear No Man.
Jad Abumrad 关于 Fela 的播客称为 Fela Kuti：无所畏惧。
You can get it wherever you get your podcasts.
无论您在哪里获取播客，都可以获取它。
That's my mama who you kill She fought for universal adult suffrage
那是我的妈妈，你杀了她，她为成人普选而奋斗
That my mama who you kill She's the only mother of this country
你杀了我的妈妈 她是这个国家唯一的母亲
That my mama who you kill She's the only mother of Nigeria
我的妈妈被你杀了 她是尼日利亚唯一的母亲
Well, today's program was produced by Valerie Kipnis and Emmanuel Dzotsi.
今天的节目是由 Valerie Kipnis 和 Emmanuel Dzotsi 制作的。
The people who helped put the show together today include Michael Comite, Suzanne Gaber, Sophie Gil, Cassie Howley, Seth Lind, Stowe Nelson, Katherine Rae Mondo, Nadia Reiman, Alissa Shipp, Christopher Swetala, and Marisa Robertson-Textor.
今天帮助制作这部剧的人包括 Michael Comite、Suzanne Gaber、Sophie Gil、Cassie Howley、Seth Lind、Stowe Nelson、Katherine Rae Mondo、Nadia Reiman、Alissa Shipp、Christopher Swetala 和 Marisa Robertson-Textor。
Our managing editor is Sarah Abdurrahman.
我们的总编辑是萨拉·阿卜杜拉赫曼 (Sarah Abdurrahman)。
Our senior editor is David Kestenbaum.
我们的高级编辑是大卫·凯斯滕鲍姆。
Our executive editor is Emanuele Berry.
我们的执行编辑是 Emanuele Berry。
Jad's collaborators in making his Fela series were Ian Wheeler, Ngofeen Mputubwele, Ruby Harron Walsh, Fayfay Odudu, and Olawakemi Aladesuyi.
Jad 制作 Fela 系列的合作者包括 Ian Wheeler、Ngofeen Mputubwele、Ruby Harron Walsh、Fayfay Odudu 和 Olawakemi Aladesuyi。
The series was edited by Ben Adair.
该系列由本·阿代尔 (Ben Adair) 编辑。
Special thanks as well to Vtech, Funmi Arewa, Debbie Ohiri, who put together the choir singing protest songs throughout this episode.
特别感谢 Vtech、Funmi Arewa、Debbie Ohiri，他们组织了合唱团在这一集中演唱抗议歌曲。
Adéróké helped translate those songs.
阿德罗克帮助翻译了这些歌曲。
The episode was fact checked by Robin Reid and Jamila Wilkinson.
罗宾·里德和贾米拉·威尔金森对这一集进行了事实核查。
Just a quick reminder that if you like our show and you want us to, you know, keep making it, please become a This American Life partner.
快速提醒一下，如果您喜欢我们的节目并且希望我们继续制作，请成为《This American Life》的合作伙伴。
You'll get bonus episodes.
您将获得奖励剧集。
You'll get ad-free listening.
您将获得无广告干扰的聆听体验。
You'll get other perks.
你还会得到其他福利。
But most important, you will join the people who now collectively contribute a fourth of our total budget for our show with their subscriptions, which is amazing.
但最重要的是，您将加入到现在通过订阅共同贡献我们节目总预算四分之一的人们中，这真是太棒了。
And when you sign up, you get all kinds of stuff-- bonus episodes, ad-free listening, an archive of greatest hits right in your podcast feed.
当你注册时，你会得到各种各样的东西——奖励剧集、无广告收听、播客源中最热门歌曲的存档。
To join, thisamericanlife.org/lifepartners.
如需加入，请访问 thisamericanlife.org/lifepartners。
That link is also in the show notes.
该链接也在节目注释中。
This American Life is delivered to public radio stations by PRX, the Public Radio Exchange.
《美国生活》由公共广播电台 PRX 向公共广播电台播出。
Thanks, as always, to our program's co-founder, Mr. Torey Malatia.
一如既往地感谢我们项目的联合创始人 Torey Malatia 先生。
All his exes live in--
他所有的前任都住在——
Taxes.
税收。
Judith Byfield Taxes.
朱迪思·拜菲尔德税收。
Taxes.
税收。
Taxes.
税收。
Taxes.
税收。
Taxes.
税收。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Back next week with more stories of This American Life.
下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。