773: The Longest Distance Between Two Points - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #773 | June 17, 2022 773: The Longest Distance Between Two Points Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 773 集 | 2022 年 6 月 17 日 773：两点之间的最长距离 注：《美国生活》是为耳朵而生，为被聆听而设计。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue: Prologue Ira Glass Cassidy's 10, fifth grade.
序言： 序言 艾拉·格拉斯·卡西迪 10 岁，五年级。
At the end of the school year, he's one of the talented extroverts singing in front of everybody, parents and kids, with his band.
学年结束时，他是一位才华横溢的外向者，与他的乐队一起在所有人、父母和孩子面前唱歌。
(SINGING) I love rock and roll.
（唱歌）我喜欢摇滚乐。
So come and take your time and dance with me!
所以，慢慢来，和我一起跳舞吧！
OK, but here's something that's hard for him-- reading.
好吧，但是有件事对他来说很难——读书。
He'll be OK for stretches, when he already knows the words.
当他已经知道这些单词时，他就可以进行伸展运动了。
One day the sun shone, so it was not cold-- so cold.
有一天，太阳出来了，天气并不冷——冷得很。
But he has dyslexia.
但他有阅读障碍。
So reading an unfamiliar word, he has to decode it.
所以读到一个不熟悉的单词，他必须解码它。
If it's a big word that I've never seen before, like that word-- I don't know what that says.
如果这是一个我以前从未见过的大词，比如那个词——我不知道它说的是什么。
Wait, deh, E.
等等，呃，E。
Deh, whip.
呸，鞭子。
Deh, eh, vu, ah.
呃呃呃呃啊。
Here, talk me through what you're doing.
来，跟我说说你在做什么。
So you're getting the deh.
所以你明白了。
Deh.
德赫。
I had to-- if you didn't-- in the recording, you might hear me say "bed."
我必须——如果你不这样做——在录音中，你可能会听到我说“床”。
Thinking of the word "bed" is a way to keep B's and D's straight.
想到“床”这个词是让 B 和 D 保持一致的一种方法。
This is actually one of the toughest things for Cassidy to learn, B's and D's, when they're not capitalized.
这实际上是 Cassidy 最难学习的事情之一，B 和 D，当它们没有大写时。
B's and D's, they look the exact same, but just flipped!
B和D，它们看起来一模一样，但只是翻转了！
If you take a B, it can also be a D.
如果你拿了B，它也可以是D。
And it was just super annoying for a long while.
很长一段时间以来，这都是非常烦人的。
Yeah.
是的。
Ira Glass So there's this trick that lots of people with dyslexia are taught.
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass） 所以，很多患有阅读障碍的人都被教导了这个技巧。
They picture the word "bed," which, if you think about it, kind of looks like a bed.
他们想象“床”这个词，如果你仔细想想，它看起来有点像床。
The posts of the B and the D are like the footboard and the headboard of the bed.
B柱和D柱就像床的床尾板和床头板。
And then the E is kind of the mattress.
E 是一种床垫。
I picture the letters.
我想象着这些字母。
And I go buh for B, eh, and then duh.
我去 buh 寻找 B，呃，然后 duh。
And then boom.
然后繁荣。
There are so many little rules and tricks like this that some kids with dyslexia use.
有很多像这样的小规则和技巧，一些患有阅读障碍的孩子会使用。
They have all kinds of names-- the fizzle rule, the floss rule, short vowel protectors, welded sounds.
它们有各种各样的名字——嘶嘶声规则、牙线规则、短元音保护器、焊接声音。
These are the rules of the English language that most of us somehow absorb, but we are not aware of-- the mechanics of when to use a long vowel or a short vowel, when G or G-H are silent.
这些是我们大多数人以某种方式吸收的英语规则，但我们没有意识到——当 G 或 G-H 不发音时，何时使用长元音或短元音的机制。
They learn dozens of these and then wield them like tools, one after another, to decode how our words should sound.
他们学习了数十种这些知识，然后像使用工具一样使用它们，一个接一个地解码我们的单词应该如何发音。
And then eh, E, vuh.
然后呃，E，呃。
Ira Glass Anyway, back to decoding this word.
艾拉·格拉斯 无论如何，回到解码这个词。
Ah, deh, vuh, ah, ss.
啊，呃，呃，啊，ss。
Ira Glass Which, by the way, the word he's trying to read is "devastating."
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass）：顺便说一句，他试图读到的词是“毁灭性的”。
Devas-- Ira Glass What is V-A-S-T?
Devas-- Ira Glass 什么是 V-A-S-T？
How would that sound?
听起来怎么样？
Wait, oh, vast!
等等，哦，广阔！
Devast-- Ira Glass Mm-hmm, then A-T.
Devast——Ira Glass 嗯嗯，然后是 A-T。
And then at, in.
然后在，在。
Devastin.
德瓦斯汀。
Hmm?
唔？
I think I'm doing something wrong.
我想我做错了什么。
He tries breaking the word down syllable by syllable, like his teacher taught him.
他尝试将单词逐个音节地分解，就像他的老师教他的那样。
Explains one part of the word is a CVC-- consonant, vowel, consonant.
解释该词的一部分是 CVC——辅音、元音、辅音。
He looks for parts of the word that he recognizes.
他寻找他所认识的单词的部分。
You're leaving out the middle one, though.
不过，你忽略了中间的那个。
Devas, at, ing.
天神，at，ing。
Devast-- I really don't know.
毁灭——我真的不知道。
You're very close.
你们非常接近。
You want me to give you a hint?
你想让我给你提示吗？
Sure.
当然。
Ira Glass OK, this one is a long A.
Ira Glass 好的，这个是长 A。
So it's a-ting.
所以这是一个。
That is so much work.
工作量实在是太大了。
Cassidy It is.
卡西迪 是的。
It really is.
确实如此。
Later, I asked his teacher, what rule might have gotten him there?
后来我问他的老师，是什么规则让他到了那里？
And she said, magic E.
她说，魔法E。
If you recognize that the ING in "devastating" might have been replacing an E on the end of the word, that final E would have told him how to pronounce the tate in "devastate." So many rules to remember and, irritatingly, so many exceptions to the rules you have to memorize.
如果你认识到“devastating”中的 ING 可能取代了单词末尾的 E，那么最后的 E 就会告诉他如何发音“devastating”中的 tate。有太多的规则需要记住，而且令人恼火的是，你还必须记住规则的许多例外情况。
For example, "salmon." It would be pronounced sal-mon, but it's salmon.
例如，“鲑鱼”。它会发音为sal-mon，但它是鲑鱼。
Like, why?
比如，为什么？
There's so many words that are like, deal with it.
有很多词，比如“处理它”。
And so Cassidy is in this situation where things that seem to come so easily to other kids, he has to work so much harder at.
因此，卡西迪面临着这样的情况：对于其他孩子来说似乎很容易做到的事情，他必须更加努力地去做。
Kids like him can become as fluent in reading as anybody else, but it's like, to go to the mile that other kids go, they go 10 miles and need every navigation tool and touch every blade of grass along the way before they get there.
像他这样的孩子可以像其他人一样流利地阅读，但是就像其他孩子要走一英里一样，他们要走十英里，需要所有导航工具，并在到达那里之前触摸沿途的每一片草叶。
Other kids really don't understand this.
其他孩子真的不明白这一点。
Yeah, they're like, why can't you read that?
是的，他们会说，你为什么不读这个？
And I'm like, I have dyslexia.
我想，我有阅读障碍。
I mean, it doesn't feel terrible.
我的意思是，感觉并不可怕。
It's not like, ahh, making me want to scream.
这并不像，啊，让我想尖叫。
But it's a little like-- I mean, I'm so used to it now that it's like, OK.
但这有点像——我的意思是，我现在已经习惯了，所以，好吧。
You know what's so strange?
你知道有什么奇怪的吗？
It's like, you have to master stuff that's so much more difficult than those kids.
就像，你必须掌握比那些孩子困难得多的东西。
Definitely, definitely.
绝对，绝对。
I have to do a lot more just to get a simple word that everybody knows how to spell, except for me.
我必须做更多的事情才能得到一个除了我之外每个人都知道如何拼写的简单单词。
It's just like, OK, well, have fun being able to spell supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.
就像，好吧，好吧，能够拼写出 supercalifragilisticexpialidocious 很有趣。
And I'm over here like, how do you spell "there" again?
我在这里，你怎么拼写“那里”？
Well, today, on our program, we have people like Cassidy who have to take the long road to get to a place that other people get to more quickly.
好吧，今天，在我们的节目中，我们有像卡西迪这样的人，他们必须走很长的路才能到达其他人更快到达的地方。
It takes them more time.
这需要他们更多的时间。
It's more effort.
还得更加努力啊
But the thing about doing it that way, you don't take anything for granted.
但这样做的事情是，你不会认为任何事情都是理所当然的。
You see so much more than other people do.
你看到的比其他人多得多。
From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life.
来自芝加哥 WBEZ 的《This American Life》。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Stay with us.
留在我们身边。
Act One, "Voter Reformed." So Mississippi is one of a small number of states where something like a robbery conviction can cost you your right to vote.
第一幕，“选民改革”。因此，密西西比州是少数因抢劫罪而被定罪可能会丧失投票权的州之一。
Even after you get out of prison, even after you complete your parole, pay all your fines, all that, you still can't vote.
即使你出狱，即使你完成假释，缴纳所有罚款，所有这些，你仍然不能投票。
Mississippi is unusual in that regard.
密西西比州在这方面是不寻常的。
Most states do not permanently take away a person's right to vote.
大多数州不会永久剥夺一个人的投票权。
And if they do, it's usually just for crimes like rape or murder.
即使他们这样做，通常也只是针对强奸或谋杀等犯罪行为。
But in Mississippi, there is one way-- one long, winding path that people can take that will let them vote again.
但在密西西比州，有一种方法——人们可以走一条漫长而曲折的道路，让他们再次投票。
This is the path that most states do not offer.
这是大多数州不提供的途径。
Johnny Kauffman explains.
约翰尼·考夫曼解释道。
When I first learned about this, I was a little baffled.
当我第一次了解到这一点时，我有点困惑。
To get your voting rights back, you have to get your own personal bill passed by the state legislature.
要重新获得投票权，您必须让州立法机关通过您自己的个人法案。
These bills-- they're called suffrage bills-- are just one page with your name, your conviction, and a line about being a, quote, "honorable citizen," kind of your own personal law giving you permission to vote.
这些法案——它们被称为选举权法案——只是一页，上面写着你的名字、你的信念，以及一行关于成为“荣誉公民”的内容，这是你自己的个人法，允许你投票。
The bills have to go through committees and pass the House and Senate, all that stuff.
这些法案必须经过委员会并通过众议院和参议院等等。
And we'll get to that.
我们会谈到这一点。
But the thing to know in general about this is, it's pretty hard to pass any bill, ever, about anything.
但总的来说，要知道的是，通过任何法案都非常困难。
So this is pretty hard.
所以这很难。
And the people that try, they tend to really care about voting, like this man, Gerald Laird.
而那些尝试的人，他们往往真正关心投票，就像这个人，杰拉尔德·莱尔德。
One of the main reasons he really wants to be able to vote again, the thing that drives him kind of crazy--
他真的希望能够再次投票的主要原因之一，这让他有点疯狂——
--local school board.
——当地学校董事会。
He talked for almost 10 minutes about it, how they closed the high school.
他用了近 10 分钟的时间讲述了他们如何关闭高中的事情。
And they moved the high school to Bassfield.
他们把高中搬到了巴斯菲尔德。
Prentiss had the better facilities.
普伦蒂斯拥有更好的设施。
And the school board members, he says, OK, they have credentials, but no real experience with education.
他说，学校董事会成员，好吧，他们有证书，但没有真正的教育经验。
I mean, come on.
我的意思是，来吧。
My degree is in psychology.
我的学位是心理学。
But that doesn't mean I would make a great teacher.
但这并不意味着我会成为一名出色的老师。
Gerald lives an hour south of Jackson, Mississippi's capital, where he helps run the family business, a funeral home.
杰拉德住在密西西比州首府杰克逊以南一小时车程的地方，在那里他帮助经营家族企业——一家殡仪馆。
Gerald told me he's an introvert, but he also said he's the person at church who will stand up and tell the deacon to get closer to the microphone.
杰拉尔德告诉我他是一个内向的人，但他也说他是教堂里那个会站起来告诉执事靠近麦克风的人。
Gerald's the guy who sits in the back and records the service.
杰拉德是坐在后面记录仪式的人。
He's pretty open about, well, pretty much everything, including how he lost his right to vote.
他对几乎所有事情都持开放态度，包括他如何失去投票权。
He robbed a bank back in 2002.
2002年，他抢劫了一家银行。
He told me he was grappling with drug addiction, relapsed, and bought cocaine from a guy.
他告诉我，他正在与毒瘾作斗争，后来又毒瘾复发，并从一个人那里买了可卡因。
It was that guy's idea.
这是那家伙的主意。
He wrote the note, and he said, go give this to the teller.
他写了纸条，然后说，把它交给出纳员。
And she gave me the money.
她给了我钱。
And tell you how dumb I was-- instead of running out, I casually walked out.
告诉你我有多蠢——我没有跑出去，而是漫不经心地走了出去。
He wasn't wearing a mask.
他没有戴口罩。
He didn't even know what was on the note.
他甚至不知道纸条上写的是什么。
I'm assuming it said, "Give me the money." That's what I'm assuming.
我猜上面写的是“给我钱”。这就是我的假设。
They got caught the same day.
他们当天就被抓了。
At first, he was charged with armed robbery.
起初，他被指控持械抢劫。
But then the prosecutor looked at the security footage and realized he didn't have a weapon.
但随后检察官查看了监控录像，发现他没有携带武器。
And they were like, oh, OK.
他们说，哦，好吧。
You're guilty of a lot of things.
你对很多事情都感到内疚。
And being dumb is the most prevalent one.
而愚蠢是最普遍的一种。
That's what my lawyer told me.
这是我的律师告诉我的。
These days, Gerald watches after his mom and his uncle, who owns the funeral home.
这些天，杰拉德照顾他的妈妈和经营殡仪馆的叔叔。
He's been out of jail for 16 years.
他已经出狱16年了。
He doesn't see any reason why he shouldn't be able to vote.
他不认为自己有任何理由不能投票。
Gerald started on this long, strange journey to get back his right to vote one day in church.
杰拉德开始了这段漫长而奇怪的旅程，目的是为了有一天在教堂恢复他的投票权。
A friend told him about the suffrage bills.
一位朋友告诉他选举权法案的事。
So he decided to try.
于是他决定尝试一下。
He filled out a form.
他填写了一份表格。
A non-profit in Jackson passed it on to a state representative, who introduced his bill.
杰克逊的一家非营利组织将其转交给州代表，州代表提出了他的法案。
Gerald hadn't actually seen it when we met, but I had a copy with me.
我们见面时杰拉尔德实际上并没有看到它，但我随身带着一本。
It was wild for him to see it, House Bill 1721, an act to restore the right of suffrage to Gerald Laird of Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi.
他看到众议院法案 1721 感到很疯狂，该法案旨在恢复密西西比州杰斐逊·戴维斯县杰拉尔德·莱尔德的选举权。
Be it enacted by the legislature of the state of Mississippi, Section One, the right of suffrage is hereby fully and completely restored to Gerald Laird, Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi.
由密西西比州立法机关颁布的第一条，选举权特此完全恢复给密西西比州杰斐逊·戴维斯县的杰拉尔德·莱尔德。
To be clear, this bill hadn't passed.
需要明确的是，该法案尚未获得通过。
But just to see what could happen, there on the page--
但只是为了看看会发生什么，在页面上——
The right is hereby fully and completely restored.
特此，该权利已完全恢复。
This makes me happy.
这让我很高兴。
This makes me really, really happy.
这让我真的非常非常高兴。
Wow.
哇。
Just imagine.
想象一下。
Fully and completely.
完全地、彻底地。
What do you think about this line at the end, "The legislature is informed that he has since conducted himself?"
你对最后这句话“立法院获悉他此后已采取行动”有何看法？
"As a law-abiding and honorable citizen in a good and lawful manner." I agree.
“作为一个守法、光荣的公民，以良好和合法的方式行事。”我同意。
I have, except for speeding.
我有，除了超速。
I have a problem with speeding, but I'm getting better.
我有超速问题，但我正在好转。
Mm, this would be just so amazing.
嗯，这真是太神奇了。
And all it has to do is pass.
它所要做的就是通过。
Can I have a copy of this?
我可以要一份吗？
You can keep that.
你可以保留那个。
Gerald Laird OK.
杰拉德·莱尔德 好的。
Wow.
哇。
This year, Gerald was one of 23 people who got bills introduced, hoping to get the right to vote back.
今年，杰拉德是 23 名提出法案的人之一，希望重新获得投票权。
I tried to talk to as many as I could.
我尝试与尽可能多的人交谈。
It was a pretty determined group-- a dad and tool factory worker who had been on a union board; an older man who was sick in bed, used to be a county supervisor; and a guy who worked at a mental hospital.
这是一个相当坚定的群体——父亲是工具厂工人，曾是工会董事会成员；一位年长的老人，卧病在床，曾任县长；和一个在精神病院工作的人。
He showed me a news clipping about how his father was shot and nearly killed trying to register people to vote.
他给我看了一段新闻剪报，内容是他的父亲在为选民登记投票时被枪杀，险些丧命。
There's something like 44,000 people in Mississippi who can't vote because of a conviction.
密西西比州约有 44,000 人因定罪而无法投票。
A disproportionate percentage, 60%, are Black, in a state that's 38% Black.
黑人占 60%，而该州黑人占 38%。
Gerald is Black.
杰拉德是黑人。
So is Nsombi Lambright-Haynes.
恩松比·兰布赖特-海恩斯也是如此。
She's the person who took the form Gerald filled out and gave it to a legislator who introduced the bill.
她把杰拉尔德填写的表格交给了提出该法案的立法者。
She helps a lot of people do this.
她帮助很多人做到了这一点。
When I first learned about the process, I understood that people didn't take advantage of it.
当我第一次了解这个过程时，我明白人们并没有利用它。
And I felt like, hey, this is a way for us to really get in there.
我觉得，嘿，这是我们真正进入那里的一种方式。
And I was excited about it, until I learned that it was a joke.
我对此很兴奋，直到我得知这是一个笑话。
A joke because a bill can die with no explanation.
一个笑话，因为法案可能会在没有任何解释的情况下消失。
There's nothing on any government website telling you how to get your vote back, even finding out when the bills are discussed.
任何政府网站上都没有告诉你如何收回选票，甚至没有知道法案何时讨论。
How do you find out when the committees are happening?
您如何知道委员会何时举行？
I would just text some of the committee members to see, have you heard anything about the suffrage committee?
我只是给一些委员会成员发短信看看，你听说过有关选举委员会的消息吗？
Oh, yeah.
哦，是的。
The chairman said we're probably going to meet next Wednesday.
主席说我们可能会在下周三见面。
But it's never on the calendar.
但它从来没有出现在日历上。
So then that next Wednesday would come.
那么下周三就会到来。
Are you guys going to meet today?
今天你们要见面吗？
Yeah, we're going to meet at 4:00 today.
是的，我们今天下午 4:00 见面。
So it's just like, stalking people, basically.
所以基本上就像跟踪别人一样。
Fortunately, when Nsombi stalks people, they like her.
幸运的是，当恩松比跟踪人们时，人们喜欢她。
She's fun to talk to.
和她说话很有趣。
They answer her texts.
他们回复她的短信。
Nsombi was head of the Mississippi ACLU for nearly a decade.
恩松比担任密西西比州美国公民自由联盟主席近十年。
Now she leads a nonprofit called One Voice.
现在她领导着一个名为“One Voice”的非营利组织。
The office is in an old Masonic building that the civil rights activist Medgar Evers used to work out of.
该办公室位于一栋古老的共济会大楼内，民权活动家梅德加·埃弗斯曾在该大楼内工作。
Nsombi seems busy all the time.
恩松比似乎一直很忙。
A friend gave her this mug once that says, "Fuck it.
有一次，一位朋友送给她这个杯子，上面写着：“操它。
I'll do it." And this is one of those things.
我会做的。”这就是其中之一。
She's got lots of other stuff, but she makes time for these bills-- been doing it for over a decade.
她还有很多其他的东西，但她会为这些账单腾出时间——这样做已经有十多年了。
The lifetime voting ban is enshrined in the Mississippi constitution.
密西西比州宪法规定了终身投票禁令。
And the history of how it ended up there is pretty well documented and revealing.
关于它如何最终到达那里的历史有很好的记录和启示。
It starts after the Civil War.
事情要从南北战争之后开始。
Black people could finally vote, and they were putting people in office, including the first Black US senator, Hiram Rhodes Revels.
黑人终于可以投票了，他们正在任命一些人入职，其中包括美国第一位黑人参议员海勒姆·罗兹·雷维尔斯 (Hiram Rhodes Revels)。
But there was backlash.
但也出现了强烈反对。
In 1890, white leaders like Senator James George said the state needed to hold a convention to write a new constitution.
1890 年，参议员詹姆斯·乔治等白人领袖表示，该州需要召开一次大会来制定新宪法。
George said the new census was going to show there were more Black people than whites in Mississippi.
乔治说，新的人口普查将显示密西西比州的黑人多于白人。
And the goal of the convention should be to make sure whites controlled the government.
大会的目标应该是确保白人控制政府。
The president of the convention was a man named Solomon Calhoun, who said, quote, "Negro suffrage is an evil, and an evil to both races." In his opening speech at the convention, he said the voting scheme should be arranged to keep white people in power.
大会主席是所罗门·卡尔霍恩，他说：“黑人选举权是一种罪恶，对两个种族都是一种罪恶。”他在大会开幕词中表示，应该安排投票计划以让白人继续掌权。
They decided on a few things.
他们决定了一些事情。
There was a poll tax and this really vague test called the understanding clause that said a voter had to be able to interpret part of the constitution.
有一个人头税，这个非常模糊的测试称为理解条款，即选民必须能够解释宪法的一部分。
One newspaper called it a gigantic fraud.
一份报纸称这是一场巨大的欺诈。
Then there was the part of the new constitution about crime and voting.
然后是新宪法中关于犯罪和投票的部分。
The constitution says that there are 11 crimes that take your voting rights away.
宪法规定有 11 种罪行可以剥夺你的投票权。
And those are bigamy, timber larceny--
这些都是重婚罪、木材盗窃罪——
Timber larceny?
盗窃木材？
Nsombi Lambright-Haynes Yeah, yeah, like stealing wood or something, stealing trees.
Nsombi Lambright-Haynes 是的，是的，就像偷木头什么的，偷树木。
I talked to two historians who said the list was clearly meant to target Black people, crimes delegates at the convention thought Black people would be more likely to commit.
我与两位历史学家交谈，他们说这份清单显然是针对黑人的，会议代表认为黑人更有可能犯罪。
And the novel idea that you could get your rights back if you get a bill through the legislature with your name on it, that was also in the 1890 constitution.
1890 年宪法中也有这样一个新颖的想法：如果你通过立法机关通过一项带有你名字的法案，你就可以收回你的权利。
Historians don't know much about how it ended up in there.
历史学家不太清楚它是如何最终到达那里的。
Maybe they were trying to keep the governor from gaining too much power.
也许他们试图阻止州长获得太多权力。
Or maybe they wanted a way to help their white friends and family if they happened to commit one of the crimes on the list.
或者，如果他们碰巧犯下了清单上的罪行之一，他们可能想要一种方法来帮助他们的白人朋友和家人。
Whatever it was, this last chance is still there for anyone who wants to try.
不管是什么，对于任何想尝试的人来说，这最后的机会仍然存在。
But most people don't even know about it.
但大多数人甚至不知道这一点。
Gerald's journey began where all epic journeys begin-- the subcommittee of the House Judiciary B Committee.
杰拉德的旅程始于所有史诗般旅程的起点——众议院司法 B 委员会的小组委员会。
Gerald wanted to be there when they discussed his bill-- which, it turns out, is difficult to do because you don't know when the heck they're meeting.
当他们讨论他的法案时，杰拉尔德想在场——事实证明，这很难做到，因为你不知道他们到底什么时候会面。
Even the legislators don't know sometimes.
有时连立法者也不知道。
I managed to get the phone number of the lawmaker who chairs the committee, but it wasn't until the day before that he let me know when it was going to happen.
我设法拿到了委员会主席的立法者的电话号码，但直到前一天他才告诉我这件事何时发生。
Gerald wasn't going to be able to make it.
杰拉尔德不可能成功。
He couldn't find anyone to cover for him at the funeral home.
他在殡仪馆找不到任何人可以替他掩护。
I visited him the night before.
前一天晚上我拜访了他。
We sat in his living room.
我们坐在他的客厅里。
It's kind of emotional for me because this is something that I would really, really, really like to see happen.
这对我来说有点情绪化，因为这是我非常非常非常希望看到发生的事情。
And left up to a bunch of people that don't know me from a can of paint, I don't know what my chances are.
留给一群不认识我的人，我不知道我的机会有多大。
If I were able to be there, I'd say I would at least have a 75% chance if I could meet them and talk with them.
如果我能够去那里，我想说我至少有 75% 的机会能见到他们并与他们交谈。
Are you nervous about how it's going to go tomorrow?
你对明天的情况感到紧张吗？
Yes, extremely.
是的，非常。
I had a joke, but it's not appropriate.
我开了个玩笑，但不合适。
But yeah, very.
但是，是的，非常。
You can tell me the joke.
你可以给我讲个笑话。
Gerald Laird As nervous as a $2 whore on first Sunday.
杰拉尔德·莱尔德 (Gerald Laird) 在第一个周日就像一个 2 美元的妓女一样紧张。
It seemed like Gerald's bill stood a chance of passing.
杰拉尔德的法案似乎有机会获得通过。
Sometimes the bill fails because the person has an unpaid fine they don't know about or because they only recently finished their sentence.
有时，账单失败是因为该人有一笔他们不知道的未付罚款，或者因为他们最近刚刚服完刑期。
Those weren't problems for Gerald.
这些对杰拉德来说都不是问题。
I told him I'd let him know how it went.
我告诉他我会让他知道事情进展如何。
I went to the hearing the next day.
第二天我就去参加了听证会。
Six state representatives, all but one of them white, sat around a couple of folding tables in a big committee room that was mostly empty.
六名州代表（除了一名白人外）围坐在一间几乎空无一人的大委员会会议室里的几张折叠桌旁。
Off to the side, a red plastic coffee dispenser with Styrofoam cups.
旁边是一个带有聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料杯的红色塑料咖啡机。
The legislators had background checks in front of them for everyone with a suffrage bill.
立法者必须对每个有选举权法案的人进行背景调查。
Only like three other people were in the room.
就像房间里还有其他三个人一样。
I set a microphone on the table.
我在桌子上放了一个麦克风。
All right, we're going to start the meeting.
好的，我们要开始会议了。
This is Representative Noah Sanford.
我是众议员诺亚·桑福德。
They went through suffrage bills.
他们通过了选举权法案。
The first bill passed.
第一项法案获得通过。
So did the next one.
下一张也是如此。
There wasn't really any discussion.
确实没有任何讨论。
Then Gerald's came up.
然后杰拉德的出现了。
All right, 1721.
好吧，1721 年。
This is Gerald Laird of Jefferson Davis County.
我是杰斐逊·戴维斯县的杰拉尔德·莱尔德。
So we're 13 years past at this point.
现在我们已经过去 13 年了。
Y'all have any questions?
大家有什么疑问吗？
All right, motion is title sufficient to pass.
好吧，动议足以通过。
All in favor?
都赞成吗？
Aye.
是啊。
Noah Sanford Any opposed?
诺亚桑福德 有人反对吗？
OK, 1721 passes.
好的，1721 通过了。
House Bill 1721, Gerald's bill, made it out of the committee.
众议院第 1721 号法案，即杰拉尔德的法案，在委员会中获得通过。
The next day, it went to the full House for a vote.
第二天，众议院全体会议进行投票。
All right, that brings us to page 30, suffrage bills.
好的，现在我们来到第 30 页，选举权法案。
For a suffrage bill to pass, it takes more than a normal bill, like to adjust income tax rates or give teachers a raise.
选举权法案要获得通过，需要的不仅仅是普通法案，比如调整所得税税率或给教师加薪。
You need more than a majority.
你需要的不仅仅是多数。
2/3 of the House would have to vote for it.
众议院必须有 2/3 的议员投票支持。
And then, if it passed here, 2/3 of the Senate.
然后，如果它在这里通过，参议院将获得 2/3 的席位。
House Bill 1721 concerns Gerald Laird of Jefferson Davis County convicted of robbery in 2003, was released, and finished all the conditions of his sentence May 2009.
众议院第 1721 号法案涉及杰斐逊·戴维斯县的杰拉尔德·莱尔德 (Gerald Laird)，他于 2003 年因抢劫罪被定罪，于 2009 年 5 月获释，并完成了所有刑期条件。
That's the description of the bill.
这是该法案的描述。
Questions?
问题？
I don't see any.
我没有看到任何。
Open the machine, madam clerk.
打开机器，店员女士。
Question occurs on House Bill 1721.
众议院法案 1721 出现问题。
You favor the bill, vote aye.
您赞成该法案，投赞成票。
If you're opposed, vote nay.
如果您反对，请投反对票。
Has everyone voted?
大家都投票了吗？
Close the machine, madam clerk.
关掉机器，职员女士。
By a vote of 106 yays, 0 nays, the bill passes.
以 106 票赞成、0 票反对的投票结果，该法案获得通过。
Next item.
下一项。
106 representatives voted for Gerald's bill.
106名代表投票支持杰拉尔德的法案。
Nobody voted against it.
没有人投反对票。
It was through the House.
是通过众议院。
It just had the Senate to go.
参议院刚刚离开。
Hey, did you hear that your bill passed the full House?
嘿，你听说你的法案在众议院获得了全体通过吗？
Oh, wow.
哦，哇。
That's wonderful.
太棒了。
OK.
好的。
That's great!
那太棒了！
Wow.
哇。
Man.
男人。
Now, on through the Senate.
现在，请通过参议院。
I can't wait.
我等不及了。
Woo.
呜。
They need to have some elections this summer so I can vote.
他们今年夏天需要举行一些选举，这样我就可以投票。
[LAUGHS] Gerald Laird Wow.
[笑] 杰拉尔德·莱尔德 哇。
I wish you could see this big cheese-eating grin on my face right now.
我希望你现在能看到我脸上吃奶酪的笑容。
Next step, the Senate.
下一步，参议院。
It started the following week.
接下来的一周就开始了。
Just like on the House side, Gerald's bill had to be passed by a committee before it could go to the full senate.
就像众议院方面一样，杰拉尔德的法案必须由一个委员会通过才能提交参议院全体会议。
He had been trying on his own to reach the chair of the committee, Senator Joey Fillingane.
他一直试图自己联系委员会主席、参议员乔伊·菲林加恩。
He thought it might help his case.
他认为这可能对他的案子有所帮助。
I tracked down his number today, the actual number that actually rings to his office.
我今天查到了他的号码，实际上是打到他办公室的号码。
However, no one ever answers it.
然而，没有人回答这个问题。
Because I think it rang somewhere in the neighborhood of 50 times, and then it hung up on me.
因为我认为它在附近的某个地方响了大约 50 次，然后我就挂断了。
You let it ring for 50 times?
你让它响了50次吗？
You stayed on that long?
你坚持了那么久？
I did, yes.
我做到了，是的。
I wanted to tell him my name and that I would appreciate any consideration that he would give my suffrage bill so that I could get my voting rights back.
我想告诉他我的名字，并且如果他愿意考虑我的选举权法案，我将不胜感激，以便我可以重新获得投票权。
The Senate committee met a few days later.
几天后，参议院委员会召开会议。
Again, we only learned about it the night before.
再说一次，我们只是在前一天晚上才知道这件事。
And like last time, Gerald couldn't go because of work.
和上次一样，杰拉德因为工作原因没能去。
He had to watch it on YouTube from the funeral home.
他必须在殡仪馆通过 YouTube 观看该视频。
This committee room was slightly bigger, fancier than the first one.
这间委员会房间比第一个房间稍大一些，也更豪华一些。
It was the end of the session.
会议结束了。
And only six of the committee's 15 members showed up.
委员会 15 名成员中只有 6 人出席。
All of the ones who did were white.
所有这样做的人都是白人。
Here's Senator Fillingane.
请听菲林甘参议员的讲话。
So our friends from the House who are here this morning, we have three suffrage bills that are before us.
今天早上在座的众议院朋友们，我们面前有三项选举权法案。
And the colleagues from down the hall were kind enough to come down and visit with us.
楼下的同事也很友善地下来拜访我们。
They were going to be considering just three suffrage bills.
他们将只考虑三项选举权法案。
The first bill came up.
第一个账单出现了。
It wasn't Gerald's.
这不是杰拉德的。
The sponsor from the House talked about it, and the committee passed it.
众议院的提案人讨论了这个问题，委员会也通过了它。
Then another representative came to the microphone.
随后另一位代表来到麦克风前。
She was there to talk about two other bills.
她在那里讨论另外两项法案。
Good morning, committee, and thank you, Mr. Chairman, for allowing me to present on behalf of Ms. Leadbetter and Ms. Grant.
早上好，委员会，感谢主席先生允许我代表利百特女士和格兰特女士发言。
Neither bill was Gerald's.
这两份法案都不是杰拉尔德的。
His did not even come up.
他的甚至没有出现。
It was dead.
它死了。
I looked into it, and this is how it goes a lot of the time.
我调查了一下，很多时候都是这样的。
The House will pass a suffrage bill, but then Fillingane blocks it.
众议院将通过一项选举权法案，但随后菲林加内阻止了该法案。
So I put in a request to talk to him.
于是我提出了与他交谈的请求。
Gerald called me the day after his bill died.
杰拉尔德在他的账单死后第二天给我打电话。
I did not call you yesterday because I was somewhat depressed and kind of a little bit just like, oh, well.
我昨天没有给你打电话，因为我有点沮丧，有点像，哦，好吧。
I guess this wasn't meant to be right now.
我想现在不应该是这样。
What do you mean by that, just saying, oh, well?
你只是说，哦，好吧，这是什么意思？
I mean, that's kind of my way of protecting my feelings, by just saying, it's not in God's time.
我的意思是，这是我保护自己感情的一种方式，只是说，现在还不是上帝的时间。
Gerald had no idea why Fillingane killed his bill, why these other people made it and not him.
杰拉德不知道为什么菲林甘取消了他的法案，为什么是其他人而不是他提出了法案。
Fillingane got back to me and was happy to talk.
菲林甘回到我身边并很高兴与我交谈。
I met him in his law office.
我在他的律师事务所见到了他。
He's a real estate lawyer when he's not at the Capitol.
当他不在国会大厦时，他是一名房地产律师。
I just finished my 23rd year in the legislature on combined House and Senate.
我刚刚在众议院和参议院联合立法机构工作了 23 年。
And next year will be the end of the sixth term.
明年将是第六任期结束。
So I mean, I've been doing it for a little while now.
所以我的意思是，我已经这样做了一段时间了。
I brought a copy of Gerald's bill with me.
我带来了杰拉尔德账单的副本。
His did pass out of the House.
他确实走出了众议院。
And then I don't think the Senate committee even brought it up for discussion.
然后我认为参议院委员会甚至没有提出这个问题进行讨论。
Right, I don't recall us bringing that one up, and probably because his disenfranchising crime was that of robbery, which is considered a violent offense.
是的，我不记得我们提起过这个问题，可能是因为他剥夺公民权的罪行是抢劫，这被认为是一种暴力犯罪。
Robbery is classified as a violent offense in Mississippi law.
密西西比州法律将抢劫列为暴力犯罪。
It doesn't mean the crime itself was necessarily violent, but Fillingane has a general rule-- doesn't consider any suffrage bills for violent crimes.
这并不意味着犯罪本身一定是暴力的，但菲林甘有一条一般规则——不考虑暴力犯罪的任何选举权法案。
He says that's what the lieutenant governor, who put him on the committee, told him to do.
他说，这就是任命他加入委员会的副州长告诉他要做的事情。
That's why Gerald's bill died.
这就是杰拉尔德的法案失败的原因。
But ultimately, it is up to Fillingane.
但最终，这取决于菲林加恩。
He can do what he wants.
他可以做他想做的事。
And he said he does sometimes weigh information that sways him one way or another.
他说，他有时确实会权衡那些以某种方式影响他的信息。
But there's no part of this process set aside for people to come talk to him in the committee, introduce themselves, tell their story.
但这个过程中并没有为人们在委员会中与他交谈、介绍自己、讲述他们的故事预留任何部分。
I told them that Gerald's crime was almost 20 years ago and that he didn't have a gun at the bank.
我告诉他们杰拉尔德的犯罪行为已经是差不多20年前的事了，而且他在银行并没有带枪。
Fillingane said, yes, those are the kinds of things that could persuade him in the committee.
菲林甘说，是的，这些都是可以说服他在委员会中的事情。
But he said he'd look at other things, too.
但他表示他也会考虑其他事情。
Fillingane said it might hurt someone like Gerald if the police had been called to their home or if they'd been convicted of another crime.
菲林加恩说，如果警察被叫到杰拉德这样的人家里，或者他们被判犯有其他罪行，这可能会伤害到杰拉德这样的人。
I wondered how Fillingane felt about enforcing this particular part of Mississippi's constitution, given how it disproportionately affects Black people and given its history.
我想知道菲林根对执行密西西比州宪法的这一特定部分有何感想，因为它对黑人产生了不成比例的影响，并考虑到它的历史。
The historians that I've talked to about this to try to learn more about it said that it was this 1890 constitutional convention that met, and that the goal of that convention was to keep Black people from voting, and that these criminal disenfranchisement, these laws, were a part of that plan.
我曾就此问题与历史学家进行过交谈，试图了解更多情况，他们表示，正是 1890 年的制宪会议召开，该会议的目标是阻止黑人投票，而这些剥夺公民权的犯罪行为、这些法律，都是该计划的一部分。
I don't know if that's the case or not.
我不知道是不是这样。
I wasn't there.
我当时不在场。
I've not studied the history of the 1890 constitution.
我没有研究过1890年宪法的历史。
And certainly, Mississippi has a very checkered past when it comes to race relations.
当然，在种族关系方面，密西西比州有着一段非常曲折的过去。
We treated African-Americans very poorly in some parts of our history.
在我们历史的某些部分，我们对待非裔美国人的态度非常恶劣。
And I'm certainly not going to sit here and defend that or even try to.
我当然不会坐在这里捍卫这一点，甚至不会尝试这样做。
I wouldn't want to.
我不想。
But if you're asking me, is the suffrage right being treated differently based on your race in 2022 as it relates to suffrage bills that we consider in the legislature, absolutely not.
但如果你问我，2022 年的选举权是否会根据你的种族而受到不同的对待，因为它与我们在立法机关考虑的选举权法案有关，绝对不会。
I don't even know the race of the person.
我什至不知道这个人的种族。
I'm sure I could probably try to find out by asking Department of Corrections to print me a social history, the person's age, and racial background, and all of that if I wanted to.
我确信如果我愿意的话，我可以通过要求惩教部打印一份社会历史、该人的年龄和种族背景以及所有这些信息来找出答案。
I've never done that.
我从来没有这样做过。
I don't intend to start.
我不打算开始。
But I mean, it's not obvious to me, just by looking at a bill, what racial background someone is a part of.
但我的意思是，仅通过查看一项法案，我并不清楚某人属于什么种族背景。
I asked him about this rule more broadly.
我更广泛地向他询问了这条规则。
If someone does their time, they're out of prison, off parole, years have passed, why shouldn't they be allowed to vote?
如果有人尽了自己的义务，他们出狱了，假释了，几年过去了，为什么不应该允许他们投票呢？
Well, I think not necessarily what I would think, but we--
好吧，我想不一定是我想的那样，但是我们——
Oh, but I'm curious about what you think.
哦，但我很好奇你的想法。
I mean, I think at some point, personal responsibility has to come into it.
我的意思是，我认为在某些时候，个人责任必须纳入其中。
And you have to realize, if I'm going to break the social contract and commit a violent crime-- most of these are violent crimes that lead to disenfranchising your right to vote-- there are prices to pay for that.
你必须意识到，如果我要违反社会契约并实施暴力犯罪——其中大多数是导致剥夺投票权的暴力犯罪——就要为此付出代价。
There hasn't been a groundswell of public support to change this particular aspect of our state constitution.
公众对改变我们州宪法这一特定方面的支持还没有出现。
Not to say that there won't be in the future, but certainly, there hasn't been as of 2022.
并不是说将来不会，但可以肯定的是，到 2022 年还没有。
Of course, the thing about public support is that the people directly affected by this provision in the 1890 constitution, they can't vote.
当然，关于公众支持的事情是，受1890年宪法中这一条款直接影响的人民，他们不能投票。
This year, just five people got their right to vote back, which is pretty typical.
今年，只有五个人获得了投票权，这很典型。
This year, it's four women and one man.
今年，有四名女性和一名男性。
I don't know much about them because I couldn't reach them, just what's on their suffrage bills.
我对他们了解不多，因为我无法联系到他们，只了解他们的选举权账单上的内容。
Two were convicted of forgery, two of embezzlement, and one burglary.
其中两人被判犯有伪造罪，两人被判贪污罪，一名被判入室盗窃罪。
Most of them finished their sentences before Gerald did.
他们中的大多数人都比杰拉德先说完话。
Some of them hadn't been able to vote for decades.
他们中的一些人几十年来一直无法投票。
There's a lawsuit in the federal courts trying to argue that this whole process for getting the right to vote back is arbitrary, and therefore, unconstitutional, as in the US Constitution.
联邦法院正在提起诉讼，试图辩称收回投票权的整个过程是任意的，因此是违宪的，就像美国宪法一样。
But it's in the early stages.
但目前还处于早期阶段。
And any ruling could take years.
任何裁决都可能需要数年时间。
Nsombi, the woman who helps get a lot of these bills introduced, told me she's basically stuck, trying to get as many of them through the House and Senate as she can, one by one, using the very process she doesn't think should exist in the first place.
恩松比（Nsombi）是帮助提出许多此类法案的女性，她告诉我，她基本上陷入了困境，试图通过她认为一开始就不应该存在的程序，让尽可能多的法案在众议院和参议院一项一项地获得通过。
Gerald told me for sure he was going to try again.
杰拉德肯定地告诉我他会再试一次。
He still has the copy of his bill that didn't pass.
他仍然保留着未通过的法案副本。
It's in my bedroom.
它在我的卧室里。
I see it every day.
我每天都会看到它。
Right now, it's attached to my mirror.
现在，它附在我的镜子上。
But at some point, I am going to more than likely put it in a frame and keep it in my room.
但在某些时候，我很可能会把它放在一个框架中并保存在我的房间里。
I want to see it so I can see the progress.
我想看到它，这样我就能看到进展。
See the progress.
看到进展。
It passed the House.
它经过了众议院。
And to me, that's an accomplishment.
对我来说，这是一项成就。
That means that I'm still halfway there.
这意味着我还处于半途。
A few months later, we talked again.
几个月后，我们再次交谈。
And he told me he'd been arrested for cocaine possession.
他告诉我他因持有可卡因而被捕。
He didn't have to tell me about it.
他不必告诉我这件事。
But he did, just volunteered it.
但他做到了，只是自愿的。
He said he was driving a friend, and they got pulled over.
他说他正在载一位朋友，他们被拦了下来。
Gerald says his friend had the cocaine.
杰拉德说他的朋友有可卡因。
The police report says both of them did.
警方报告称，两人都这么做了。
In any case, Gerald was angry at himself for having gotten into that situation.
无论如何，杰拉德对自己陷入这种境地感到愤怒。
Drug possession is not a crime that's on the list of things that will cost you your right to vote.
持有毒品并不是一种会剥夺您投票权的犯罪行为。
It wasn't in the 1890 constitution.
1890 年宪法中没有这一内容。
But based on what I learned from Senator Fillingane, Gerald's arrest might be enough reason to kill his bill.
但根据我从菲林加参议员那里了解到的情况，杰拉尔德的被捕可能足以成为否决他的法案的理由。
If the point of putting this in the constitution was to make it a long journey for people like Gerald, it's working.
如果将这一点写入宪法的目的是让像杰拉尔德这样的人经历一段漫长的旅程，那么它正在发挥作用。
Johnny Kauffman is a senior producer at Campside Media.
约翰尼·考夫曼 (Johnny Kauffman) 是 Campside Media 的高级制片人。
Coming up, a truck that's speeding down a California highway with 100,000 passengers inside.
一辆载有 10 万名乘客的卡车在加州高速公路上飞驰。
That's in a minute from Chicago Public Radio, when our program continues.
芝加哥公共广播电台一分钟后我们的节目仍在继续。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Today's program, The Longest Distance Between Two Points, stories of people who have to take the long and, sometimes, absurd way to arrive somewhere that should be so straightforward to get to.
今天的节目《两点之间的最长距离》讲述了人们不得不走很长的路，有时甚至是荒谬的路，才能到达本来应该很容易到达的地方的故事。
We've arrived at Act Two of our show.
我们已经到了节目的第二幕了。
Act Two, "Ill Communication."
第二幕，“沟通不良”。
In this act, we turn to a story of somebody who starts at home and then ends up at home with a long, time-consuming journey in the middle.
在这一幕中，我们讲述了一个故事，讲述的是一个人从家里开始，然后又回到家，中间经历了漫长而耗时的旅程。
This whole thing happens in China.
这整件事都发生在中国。
I guess you've probably heard just how different and fantastically aggressive China's response to COVID has been.
我想你可能已经听说过中国对新冠病毒的反应是多么不同和异常积极。
From the start, they shut down entire cities, and it got results.
从一开始，他们就关闭了整个城市，并取得了成果。
Best estimates are that China has had fewer than 20,000 people dead from COVID versus, as you know, a million here.
最准确的估计是，中国死于新冠肺炎的人数不到 20,000 人，而众所周知，中国有 100 万人死亡。
And when Omicron arrived, China treated it with the same severity as the earlier variants, even though 90% of the population is now vaccinated.
当 Omicron 到来时，中国以与早期变种相同的严厉程度对待它，尽管现在 90% 的人口都接种了疫苗。
They locked down all of Shanghai in April.
他们四月份封锁了整个上海。
And lockdown in this case means really locked down.
在这种情况下，锁定意味着真正的锁定。
Over 25 million people could not leave their apartments or homes.
超过 2500 万人无法离开他们的公寓或家。
Grocery stores and food delivery was shut down.
杂货店和食品配送被关闭。
Lots of people couldn't get food or medicine.
许多人无法获得食物或药品。
It was pretty awful.
这真是太糟糕了。
This lasted for two months.
这种情况持续了两个月。
And we still haven't gotten much of a glimpse of what it was like to live through that.
我们仍然没有太多地了解经历过那段日子是怎样的。
So I was excited to talk to Yang Yi about this thing that happened to him and his boyfriend during that period.
所以我很兴奋能和杨轶聊起那段时间发生在他和他男朋友身上的这件事。
Yang is a podcast producer in China, lives in Shanghai.
杨是中国的一名播客制作人，住在上海。
And one day, early in the lockdown, he did his daily required self-test, as usual.
有一天，在封锁初期，他像往常一样进行了每日所需的自检。
You had COVID.
你感染了新冠病毒。
Yang Yi Yeah.
杨毅 是啊。
I think, wow, that's bad.
我想，哇，这很糟糕。
And I tell my boyfriend, Johnny.
我告诉我的男朋友约翰尼。
And he tests and is positive, too.
他也进行了检测，结果呈阳性。
Anybody in China who tests positive is required to report it to the government, which, in Johnny and Yi's case, means calling one of their neighbors, a very kind retiree who is the person in their apartment building designated to deal with government on all matters, getting new elevators installed, dealing with a blocked sewer, whatever.
在中国，任何检测呈阳性的人都必须向政府报告，就约翰尼和易的情况而言，这意味着给他们的一位邻居打电话，这位邻居是一位非常友善的退休人员，他在他们的公寓楼里被指定负责与政府处理所有事务，安装新电梯，处理堵塞的下水道等等。
So they call her.
所以他们打电话给她。
And then they figure, within a couple of hours, the government's going to send somebody to take them to a quarantine center that's part of China's zero tolerance policy.
然后他们认为，几个小时内，政府将派人将他们带到检疫中心，这是中国零容忍政策的一部分。
Unhealthy people are separated from the rest of the population.
不健康的人与其他人群分开。
And then, the next very urgent order of business-- they really don't have much time for this-- is figuring out where to send their dog while they're in quarantine.
然后，下一个非常紧急的任务——他们真的没有太多时间——是弄清楚在隔离期间将他们的狗送到哪里。
He's just a puppy, a five-month-old schnauzer.
他只是一只小狗，一只五个月大的雪纳瑞。
They had seen this video online that was being passed around of a corgi being killed, supposedly because its owner had COVID and had been sent to a quarantine center.
他们在网上看到了这段流传的视频，视频中一只柯基犬被杀，据说是因为它的主人患有新冠病毒并被送往隔离中心。
So there's no way for a dog to go with them.
所以狗是没办法跟他们一起走的。
And so I just cried.
所以我就哭了。
I just-- I don't know how to say-- I just crash, because I don't know what's next.
我只是——我不知道怎么说——我只是崩溃了，因为我不知道接下来会发生什么。
It's such unpredictable.
真是难以预测。
And the dog thing is a very clear thing we have to solve in several hours.
狗的问题是一个非常明确的问题，我们必须在几个小时内解决。
It's actually harder than you might think because the whole city is closed up.
这实际上比你想象的要困难，因为整个城市都被封锁了。
Johnny calls lots of places before he finally finds an animal hospital that can take their schnauzer.
约翰尼拜访了很多地方，最终找到了一家可以接收雪纳瑞的动物医院。
But then they have to find somebody who's authorized to drive a car in Shanghai with all the streets shut down.
但随后他们必须找到一个有权在上海所有街道封锁的情况下开车的人。
So a friend knows some professional freight drivers, and they help with that.
因此，朋友认识一些专业货运司机，他们会提供帮助。
And then, they have to find somebody who's allowed to walk from their apartment building to the car to hand the dog to the driver.
然后，他们必须找到一个可以从公寓楼走到车旁的人，将狗交给司机。
It takes a government official to arrange that.
这需要政府官员来安排。
Finally, the dog is delivered into the car.
最后，狗被送进车里。
Yi and Johnny can start packing, figuring somebody's going to come for them any minute to take them to the quarantine center.
易和约翰尼可以开始收拾行李，他们认为随时都会有人来接他们，带他们去隔离中心。
But things wasn't that simple.
但事情并没有那么简单。
The truth is, no one came to us at first day.
事实是，第一天没有人来找我们。
Or the second or the third.
或者第二个或第三个。
Someone calls from the Shanghai CDC to follow up, but didn't send anybody.
上海疾控中心有人打电话跟进，但没有派人。
Other officials call.
其他官员也打电话来。
More days pass.
日子又过去了。
Finally, on the eighth day, they do their daily self tests, and they learn they do not have COVID anymore.
最后，在第八天，他们进行了日常自我测试，发现自己不再感染新冠病毒。
And then that night, before dinner, they get the phone call.
然后那天晚上，晚饭前，他们接到电话。
The phone call, yeah, informing us that it's time to go.
是的，电话通知我们该出发了。
Yes, in two hours, we should go to the curb with our luggage for the bus.
是的，两个小时后，我们就该带着行李到路边去乘巴士了。
And that bus would take us to the quarantine center.
那辆巴士将带我们去检疫中心。
Oh, no. So do you tell them, that's fine, we're cured.
哦，不。那么你告诉他们，没关系，我们已经痊愈了。
We don't need to come?
我们不需要来吗？
Yes, yes, of course.
是的，是的，当然。
I say, OK, self-test is negative today.
我说，好吧，今天自检结果是阴性。
There's no need for it.
没有必要。
And they say, oh, you guys have to go.
他们说，哦，你们必须走。
What if you don't go?
如果你不去怎么办？
Yang Yi Who knows?
杨轶谁知道？
I have no idea.
我不知道。
They decide that it's smart to go because now they have this bureaucratic thing that they actually need to fix.
他们认为离开是明智的，因为现在他们确实需要解决这个官僚主义问题。
China has these QR codes.
中国有这些二维码。
Everybody has one on their phone.
每个人的手机上都有一个。
Red if you have COVID, green if you don't have COVID.
如果您感染了新冠病毒，则为红色；如果您没有感染新冠病毒，则为绿色。
Now theirs were red, meaning they wouldn't be able to go into any building or store or office or just anywhere when lockdown ended.
现在他们的房间是红色的，这意味着当封锁结束时他们将无法进入任何建筑物、商店、办公室或任何地方。
That's the thing they thought the quarantine center could cure for them.
这就是他们认为隔离中心可以治愈他们的问题。
And at that point, my thought is we want a healthy social identity back, not a healthy body.
那时，我的想法是我们想要恢复健康的社会身份，而不是健康的身体。
[LAUGHTER] Ira Glass Exactly.
[笑声] Ira Glass 没错。
Even if your bodies don't have COVID, your QR code has COVID, and they can take care of that.
即使您的身体没有感染新冠病毒，但您的二维码却感染了新冠病毒，他们也可以解决这个问题。
Yes.
是的。
Ira Glass So, after a week, you finally go to the quarantine center.
Ira Glass 那么，一周后，你终于去了隔离中心。
What's it like?
它是什么样的？
Actually, it is a high school gymnasium.
事实上，这是一个高中体育馆。
And this is sound I recorded for my own podcast.
这是我为自己的播客录制的声音。
And this quarantine center is for people with very mild symptoms or no symptoms at all.
这个隔离中心是针对症状非常轻微或根本没有症状的人。
Most don't even need a doctor.
大多数人甚至不需要医生。
So they just come here and rest and wait to get better.
所以他们就来这里休息，等待好转。
[DOCTORS SPEAKING IN CHINESE] These are doctors telling us all where to go.
[中文医生]这些医生告诉我们该去哪里。
You go to the first floor.
你去一楼。
You are first, you are second, you are third.
你是第一，你是第二，你是第三。
OK, move forward.
好的，继续前进。
Then what happens?
然后会发生什么？
Yang Yi My boyfriend and I go inside.
我和杨毅男朋友进去了。
They issued us toiletries, a washbasin, toothpaste, toothbrush, towel, a cup, and two packet of tissues.
他们给我们发了洗漱用品、脸盆、牙膏、牙刷、毛巾、杯子和两包纸巾。
Two packets of tissues.
两包纸巾。
Yang Yi And a sleeping bag.
杨轶还有一个睡袋。
And we wait for check-in.
然后我们就等待办理登机手续。
It's like you guys are joining the army or something.
就好像你们要参军什么的。
Ira Glass Some people are sent to stay on the basketball court on the third floor.
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass）有些人被派留在三楼的篮球场上。
He and Johnny were pointed to the first floor, where they learned they'd be living in the swimming pool.
他和约翰尼被带到一楼，他们得知他们将住在游泳池里。
There's no water in it.
里面没有水。
Instead, there were rows of cots, men in the deep end, women and children in the shallow end.
取而代之的是一排排婴儿床，男人在深水区，女人和儿童在浅水区。
Elderly people with mobility problems were on the edges of the pool.
行动不便的老人都在泳池边。
Because it was just a high school pool, there's only a tiny bathroom with one toilet in it for the men and another bathroom with one toilet for the women.
因为那只是一个高中游泳池，所以只有一间小浴室，里面有一个男厕所，另一间浴室有一个女厕所。
But there are close to 200 people here now.
但现在这里已经有近200人了。
So it's crazy.
所以这很疯狂。
And there is no hot water in the shower.
而且淋浴没有热水。
Yi and Johnny figured they'd be there for four or five days.
易和约翰尼估计他们会在那里呆四五天。
The rumor was, you needed two negative PCR tests to get out.
有传言说，你需要两次 PCR 检测呈阴性才能离开。
And they give the tests every other day.
他们每隔一天进行一次测试。
It was late at night when we arrived.
我们到达的时候已经是深夜了。
So we went straight to bed.
于是我们就直接上床睡觉了。
So in a quarantine center, the lights do not turn off all night long.
所以在隔离中心，整晚都没有关灯。
The lights don't turn off?
灯不关吗？
Yang Yi And people around you watch TikTok all night long without headphones on.
杨毅和你周围的人整夜看TikTok，没有戴耳机。
OK, so that's you.
好吧，那就是你。
Yang Yi Saying it is now 10:40 PM on April the 17th.
杨毅说，现在是4月17日晚上10点40分。
I'm laying on the cot.
我躺在小床上。
And you can hear what it sounds like around me.
你可以听到我周围的声音。
Well, frankly speaking, I can sleep, and I sleep well.
嗯，说实话，我能睡，而且睡得很好。
But for Johnny, I think, oh, he's more sensitive during sleeping.
但对于约翰尼，我认为，哦，他在睡觉时更敏感。
So that noisy environment does not work for him.
所以那种吵闹的环境不适合他。
It's obvious he become more and more tired each day.
很明显，他一天天变得越来越累。
That's not what really gets to Johnny, though.
但这并不是约翰尼真正关心的。
What kills Johnny about all this?
这一切到底是什么让约翰尼丧命呢？
When Johnny realized that there is only one men's toilet.
当约翰尼意识到只有一个男厕所时。
He just-- he broke down.
他只是——他崩溃了。
He crashed.
他坠毁了。
[LAUGHS] He just feel, it's such disgusting.
[笑]他只是觉得，这太恶心了。
It is not healthy.
这是不健康的。
He says that to avoid using the bathroom for, I'll just say number two, Johnny took steps, real steps.
他说，为了避免使用卫生间，我只想说第二点，约翰尼采取了步骤，真正的步骤。
Every meal, he just eat half.
每顿饭，他只吃一半。
He just eat half.
他只吃一半。
And the breakfast, the worker give us the bread, eggs, and the milk.
早餐，工作人员给我们提供了面包、鸡蛋和牛奶。
He just eat a piece of bread, no eggs, no milk, something like that.
他只吃一块面包，没有鸡蛋，没有牛奶之类的东西。
And is this typical of the two of you?
这是你们两个人的典型特征吗？
He would get more freaked out about things, and you would be more calm?
他会变得更加害怕，而你会更加冷静？
Well, he is born and raised in Shanghai.
嗯，他在上海出生长大。
It's a big city.
这是一个大城市。
And everything is very clean, refined.
一切都非常干净、精致。
Yes, yes.
是的，是的。
So but for me, it's different because I come from a small town.
但对我来说，情况有所不同，因为我来自一个小镇。
So I have to say, I have seen more dirty toilet than this.
所以我不得不说，我见过比这更脏的厕所。
So for me, I think it was fine.
所以对我来说，我认为这很好。
It would be fine.
那就好了。
Because I've seen worse.
因为我见过更糟糕的。
You've seen worse.
你见过更糟糕的。
Yang Yi Yeah, I have seen worse.
杨轶 是啊，我见过更糟糕的。
The daily routine at the quarantine center, every other morning at 7:00, everybody would line up at the edge of the pool for a PCR test.
隔离中心的日常，每隔一天早上7:00，大家就在泳池边排队接受PCR检测。
When you finish your test, you get breakfast.
当你完成考试后，你可以吃早餐。
Young people usually go back to sleep, he says.
他说，年轻人通常会回去睡觉。
7:00 AM is a little early for them.
早上 7:00 对他们来说有点早。
Pretty soon, their sleep is disturbed by housekeepers who come through spraying disinfectant everywhere, which is really, really loud, he says.
他说，很快，他们的睡眠就被到处喷洒消毒剂的管家打扰了，声音真的非常大。
He and Johnny would work, do remote meetings with their colleagues.
他和约翰尼会工作，与同事进行远程会议。
And then when it's almost time for lunch, a nurse stands at the edge of the swimming pool and gets on a megaphone.
快到午餐时间时，一名护士站在游泳池边，拿起扩音器。
And in that noisy, echoey room, people talking on their phones--
在那间喧闹、回音的房间里，人们在打电话——
And suddenly, it gets very quiet because everyone knows the nurses are going to read the names of everyone who are allowed to go home.
突然间，周围变得非常安静，因为每个人都知道护士将读出每个被允许回家的人的名字。
And what's it like?
它是什么样的？
What's the scene like?
场景是怎样的？
Well, that scene is very, very funny because the scene is a lot like a reality TV show.
嗯，那个场景非常非常有趣，因为这个场景很像电视真人秀。
You know, those whose names are read cheer.
你知道，那些名字被读到的人欢呼雀跃。
And someone will say, woo!
有人会说，哇！
I get to go home!
我得回家了！
Something like that.
类似的事情。
And those who are not mentioned have disappointment, reaching all of their faces.
而那些没有提到的人，脸上都写满了失望。
After that, Yi says, everybody tries to figure out, why did that person get out?
易说，在那之后，每个人都试图弄清楚，为什么那个人逃走了？
How many negative tests do you really need to get out?
您真正需要多少次阴性测试才能摆脱困境？
And there is some gossip is here.
这里有一些八卦。
Oh, that guy, he already leave, but I don't know.
哦，那个家伙，他已经走了，但我不知道。
Maybe he's only got one negative, and he's leave.
也许他只得到了一项阴性结果，然后他就离开了。
Oh, and that guy.
哦，还有那个家伙。
He got two negatives, but his QR code is still red.
他得到了两张底片，但他的二维码仍然是红色的。
So that is the main topics in the quarantine center.
这就是隔离中心的主要话题。
Everyone will say, oh, how many negatives you get?
每个人都会说，哦，你得到了多少底片？
How many negatives are you get?
你得到了多少负数？
What's your result?
你的结果是什么？
What's your result?
你的结果是什么？
And so how does this feel to you and Johnny?
那么你和约翰尼对此感觉如何？
You're in this absurd situation.
你正处于这种荒谬的境地。
You don't have COVID.
你没有感染新冠病毒。
But they're keeping you in quarantine.
但他们让你处于隔离状态。
You can't go home.
你不能回家。
Were you angry?
你生气了吗？
Were you frustrated?
你感到沮丧吗？
I think we're not angry and frustrated because-- well, Ira, I have to say, we have no choice.
我认为我们并不生气和沮丧，因为——好吧，艾拉，我不得不说，我们别无选择。
We have no choice.
我们别无选择。
We have to face the reality.
我们必须面对现实。
And the quarantine center, he says, wasn't all bad.
他说，隔离中心也不全是坏事。
In fact, a bunch of things were better than their life back home with the city on lockdown.
事实上，在城市封锁期间，很多事情都比他们在家乡的生活要好。
I don't have to worry about food anymore.
我不用再担心食物了。
Since the beginning of April, with everything on lockdown, it was hard to find food anywhere.
自四月初以来，一切都处于封锁状态，到处都很难找到食物。
All the stores were closed.
所有商店都关门了。
Food delivery was completely shut down.
食品配送完全关闭。
And nobody stored enough food.
没有人储存足够的食物。
We are hungry.
我们很饿。
Really?
真的吗？
You were hungry?
你饿了吗？
Yang Yi Yes, I'm hungry.
杨轶 是的，我饿了。
But here, three meals are served here every day.
但在这里，一日三餐都在这里供应。
Pork, beef, eggs, vegetables, and unlimited drinks and milk.
猪肉、牛肉、鸡蛋、蔬菜，还有无限量的饮料和牛奶。
Yes, and another benefit of being here, we can move around, get some exercise.
是的，来这里的另一个好处是，我们可以四处走动，锻炼身体。
We're not allowed to leave our homes.
我们不被允许离开家。
And our tiny apartment is only 20 steps at most to walk from one end to the other.
而我们的小公寓从一端走到另一端最多也就20步。
But there is a standard swimming pool here to walk around.
不过这里有一个标准的游泳池可以逛逛。
It is 140 meters.
是140米。
And after each meal, you will see many people walk around the edge of the pool.
每次吃完饭后，你都会看到很多人在泳池边走来走去。
This is another thing.
这是另一回事。
Back at home, Yi says, at their apartment building, people would only see each other when they went downstairs for the official COVID test.
易说，回到家里，在他们的公寓楼里，人们只有在下楼接受官方新冠病毒检测时才会见面。
When they did that, everybody was pretty quick about it.
当他们这样做时，每个人都很快。
Nobody would stay and chat, scared of getting infected.
没有人会留下来聊天，害怕被感染。
Well, everybody but them.
好吧，除了他们之外的所有人。
And they were all stuck together, so people talked and hung out.
他们都粘在一起，所以人们聊天、闲逛。
And you can just watch people, which he likes.
你可以只看别人，这是他喜欢的。
Yeah, I hadn't seen so many strangers in weeks!
是啊，我已经好几个星期没见过这么多陌生人了！
And what impressed me the most was a young couple.
而给我印象最深的是一对年轻夫妇。
[GIGGLING] [SPEAKING CHINESE] This is me saying, they seem to be sunbathing.
[咯咯笑][说中文]这是我说的，他们似乎在晒日光浴。
It's like, they're laying on the beach.
就像，他们躺在海滩上。
Oh, because they moved their cot to the side of the pool.
哦，因为他们把婴儿床搬到了泳池边。
And for them, so they were like the beach chairs, you know.
对于他们来说，它们就像沙滩椅，你知道。
And each laying there by the pool with a book in their hands.
每个人都躺在泳池边，手里拿着一本书。
Honestly, when you describe it this way, it doesn't sound so bad.
老实说，当你这样描述它时，听起来并没有那么糟糕。
Yeah, I feel that here in quarantine center, normal life is lived.
是的，我感觉在隔离中心，过着正常的生活。
Other people Yi observed-- a middle-aged businessman, big guy, big voice, very pro-government.
易观察到的其他人——一个中年商人，个子大，声音大，非常亲政府。
He would spout off after breakfast every day about politics at length, for everyone around him, like his own political talk show.
每天早餐后，他都会向周围的每个人滔滔不绝地谈论政治，就像他自己的政治脱口秀一样。
On the cot next to him, a skinny university lecturer who Yi saw try to argue with the businessman one day, which, apparently, did not go very well.
有一天，易在他旁边的床上看到一位瘦弱的大学讲师，他试图与这位商人争论，但显然进展不顺利。
The business man just kind of drowned him out.
那个商人简直把他淹没了。
And then there was the guy who slept on the cot next to Yi.
还有一个人睡在易旁边的小床上。
He was a source of fascination because, more than anybody in the quarantine center, he seemed the most desperate to get out, the most upset each day when he was not on the list to go home.
他令人着迷，因为他似乎比隔离中心里的任何人都最渴望离开，每天当他不在回家名单上时，他是最沮丧的。
Yi didn't know his first name.
易不知道他的名字。
I usually call him Wang.
我一般都叫他王。
Clean cut, 26, worked as an English teacher in a kindergarten.
克林切今年26岁，在一所幼儿园担任英语老师。
And before I came to the quarantine center, he's already here for one week.
在我来隔离中心之前，他已经在这里待了一个星期了。
Wow.
哇。
Yang Yi And the day after I arrived, he had already gotten two negative test results, but they didn't let him leave.
杨毅，我到的第二天，他已经得到两次检测结果呈阴性，但他们不让他离开。
That's Wang's voice, and he's saying he was getting desperate.
这是王的声音，他说他已经绝望了。
One of the ways that Wang deals with his anxiety over this, he never changes his clothes.
王先生处理焦虑的方法之一就是从不换衣服。
He says that he's in the same red shirt and white socks every single day, even though he has a big suitcase by his cot.
他说他每天都穿着同样的红衬衫和白袜子，尽管他的婴儿床旁边有一个大手提箱。
But he never opened that suitcase.
但他从未打开过那个手提箱。
And I ask him why.
我问他为什么。
He tells me, he just wants to go home.
他告诉我，他只是想回家。
He just wants to go home when the nurse read his name, and leave immediately and pack the suitcase.
当护士念到他的名字时，他只想回家，立即离开并收拾行李。
Maybe it will spend five or eight or 10 minutes.
也许会花费五分钟、八分钟或十分钟。
He don't want to waste up time.
他不想浪费时间。
So he think, OK, maybe I don't open that suitcase.
所以他想，好吧，也许我不会打开那个手提箱。
Some nights, Wang stays up all night, worried that he's going to sleep through the PCR test at 7:00 AM.
有些晚上，王某彻夜不眠，担心自己要睡着才能完成早上 7:00 的 PCR 检测。
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Yang Yi Here's Wang's voice, and he's saying, "I can't sleep all night.
[说中文] 杨毅 这是王的声音，他说：“我整晚都睡不着。
I was waiting.
我正在等待。
My mind was thinking all the time, go home, go home, go home.
我的心里一直在想，回家，回家，回家。
I was not even in the mood to watch TikTok anymore."
我什至没有心情看 TikTok。”
Finally, one morning, they read Wang's name.
终于，有一天早上，他们读到了王的名字。
Yi says he was out of there in three minutes flat.
易建联说他在三分钟内就离开了那里。
Threw his sleeping bag and toiletries into the garbage, pulled his unopened suitcase out of there before Yi could get his phone number or say goodbye.
在易拿到电话号码或说再见之前，他把他的睡袋和洗漱用品扔进了垃圾桶，把他未打开的行李箱从那里拉了出来。
Johnny and Yi got out the next day.
第二天，约翰尼和易就出来了。
They got the dog back.
他们把狗找回来了。
QR codes were fixed.
QR 码已修复。
They had started in their apartment, went on a six-day journey that was completely pointless, and delivered them back at the end of the road to the exact spot they had started, no better and no worse, though Yi says he's glad it happened.
他们从自己的公寓出发，进行了为期六天的完全毫无意义的旅程，并在路的尽头将他们送回了他们出发的确切地点，没有更好也没有更糟，尽管易说他很高兴发生了这样的事情。
I have to say, it feel like an adventure.
我不得不说，这感觉就像一场冒险。
It's just like an adventure.
这就像一场冒险。
We got food.
我们得到了食物。
We could talk to the strangers.
我们可以和陌生人交谈。
And that is the only chance during those weeks we could go outside apartment.
这是那几周我们唯一可以走出公寓的机会。
We could go on the street.
我们可以去街上。
When they're dropped off afterwards, it was at a crossroads near their place.
后来他们下车时，就在他们住处附近的一个十字路口。
And they walked through the empty streets to get home.
他们穿过空荡荡的街道回家。
Yi liked that.
伊喜欢这个。
No cars, no people.
没有车，没有人。
Just cats, he says, just strolling in the middle of the street like they own the place.
他说，只是猫，只是在街道中央漫步，就像这地方是它们的一样。
When would you ever see that?
你什么时候会看到那个？
Or any of it?
或者其中任何一个？
If he had a choice, Yi definitely would choose the experience they had.
如果可以选择，易一定会选择他们的经历。
Johnny, however?
然而约翰尼呢？
No way.
决不。
Act Three, "The Roe Less Traveled." So ladies and gentlemen, perhaps you remember the critique offered by a 10-year-old at the beginning of today's program about the way we spell the name of a certain fish, S-A-L-M-O-N.
第三幕，“少有人游的鱼子”。女士们先生们，也许你们还记得今天节目开始时一个 10 岁孩子对我们拼写某种鱼的名字 S-A-L-M-O-N 的方式提出的批评。
It would be pronounced sal-mon, but it's salmon.
它会发音为sal-mon，但它是鲑鱼。
Like, why?
比如，为什么？
Fair point.
公平点。
This last story is about salmon doing something about as logical as that spelling, taking a ridiculous route to get where they need to go.
最后一个故事是关于鲑鱼做一些与拼写一样合乎逻辑的事情，采取一条荒谬的路线到达它们需要去的地方。
And by that, I mean a ridiculous route that is different from the normal kind of ridiculous route they usually take.
我指的是一条与他们通常采取的正常可笑路线不同的可笑路线。
Jaime Lowe went to California to see it for herself.
海梅·洛 (Jaime Lowe) 亲自前往加利福尼亚州亲眼目睹。
I have an above-average attachment to salmon, an obsession that began in college when I took a class with salmon guru Peter Moyle.
我对鲑鱼的喜爱程度高于平均水平，这种痴迷始于大学时期，当时我参加了鲑鱼大师彼得·莫伊尔 (Peter Moyle) 的课程。
He's famous in salmon circles, trust me.
他在鲑鱼界很有名，相信我。
I think I was attracted to their epic migration and the macabre nature of their lives.
我想我是被他们史诗般的迁徙和他们生活的可怕本质所吸引。
They're born, wiggle around in a cold stream, make their way to the ocean, then instinctually, against all odds, return to the place of their birth, hurling their bodies over waterfalls, flesh rotting, dodging bear claws, simultaneously decaying as they're pushing towards their exact nook and their exact birth stream to lay eggs and let the cycle begin again.
它们出生后，在冰冷的溪流中扭动，走向海洋，然后本能地克服一切困难，回到出生地，把身体扔到瀑布上，肉腐烂，躲避熊爪，同时腐烂，因为它们推向它们确切的角落和确切的出生溪流产卵，让这个循环重新开始。
It's like they're dying to live.
就好像他们渴望活下去一样。
I mean, there's this whole industry of nature documentaries centered on dramatizing the species and their odyssey, films which feature the sound of raging water in the background while a serious narrator describes their majesty.
我的意思是，整个自然纪录片行业都以戏剧化的方式呈现物种和它们的奥德赛，这些电影的背景是汹涌的水声，而严肃的旁白则描述它们的威严。
It's a game of persistence and luck.
这是一场考验毅力和运气的游戏。
And although they fail time after time, their desire to push on is so strong, they never give up.
尽管他们一次又一次失败，但他们前进的欲望是如此强烈，他们从不放弃。
It's a staple of nature porn.
这是自然色情片的主要内容。
But the world has changed.
但世界已经改变。
The climate has changed.
气候已经改变。
There's been increasingly hot temperatures, fires, drought, pollution.
气温越来越高、火灾、干旱和污染越来越严重。
And many of the rivers salmon used for their migration have run dry or have been blocked by dams.
许多用于鲑鱼迁徙的河流已经干涸或被水坝堵塞。
That's why today, in California, many salmon follow a radically different course.
这就是为什么今天在加利福尼亚州，许多鲑鱼遵循完全不同的路线。
They make their way to the ocean not through rivers, but inside a fleet of tanker trucks with human drivers at the wheel.
它们不是通过河流进入海洋，而是乘坐由人类司机驾驶的油罐车车队。
When I first heard about trucking salmon, it seemed so dystopic, a cold, mechanical process.
当我第一次听说用卡车运输鲑鱼时，这似乎是一个反乌托邦的过程，一个冰冷、机械的过程。
The idea of salmon stuck in traffic just made me feel sad, like nature had been hijacked.
鲑鱼堵在路上的想法让我感到悲伤，就像大自然被劫持了一样。
But I was also kind of curious.
但我也有点好奇。
I really wanted to see this Rube Goldberg, tin-cans-and-rubber-bands environmental hack in person.
我真的很想亲眼目睹这位鲁布·戈德堡（Rube Goldberg）的锡罐和橡皮筋环境黑客。
So I decided to follow five silver trucks transporting about half a million adolescent salmon on a 120-mile drive to the San Francisco Bay, a migration that no longer starts with the sound of babbling water.
因此，我决定跟随五辆银色卡车，在 120 英里的车程中运送大约 50 万条幼鲑鱼到旧金山湾，这次迁徙不再以潺潺流水声开始。
It's got a different sound.
它有不同的声音。
Late one Tuesday afternoon, I found myself at the Mokelumne River Fish Hatchery, standing in front of a gas-powered machine that looked like it would be more at home on a construction site.
一个星期二下午晚些时候，我发现自己在莫克拉米河鱼类孵化场，站在一台燃气动力机器前，它看起来更像是在建筑工地上的家。
The hatchery is about an hour northeast of Modesto in the Central Valley.
该孵化场位于中央山谷莫德斯托东北约一小时车程处。
It's rural and isolated, and so hot, the sun immediately burns, even in May.
这里地处偏远、偏僻的乡村，而且非常炎热，即使在五月，太阳也会立即燃烧起来。
Mokelumne sits next to a river that was once known for thriving salmon and trout runs, but was dammed in the '60s.
莫克拉姆 (Mokelumne) 毗邻一条河流，这条河流曾因盛产鲑鱼和鳟鱼而闻名，但在 60 年代被筑坝。
To offset the lost wild populations, the state built a hatchery and a parking lot close to the old stream bed.
为了弥补野生种群的损失，该州在旧河床附近建造了一个孵化场和一个停车场。
I should say, hatcheries are controversial.
我应该说，孵化场是有争议的。
The fish raised in them are not as prepared to survive in nature.
其中饲养的鱼还没有做好在大自然中生存的准备。
And when they're released, they breed with native salmon, compromising the gene pool.
当它们被释放时，它们会与本地鲑鱼繁殖，从而损害了基因库。
There are people who think we shouldn't have hatcheries at all.
有些人认为我们根本不应该有孵化场。
But California has had them for decades at this point, a really long time.
但加州已经有它们几十年了，真的很长一段时间。
Mokelumne is not a massive operation, just a few bungalows and 20 concrete trenches packed with adolescent fish.
Mokelumne 并不是一个大型养殖场，只有几间平房和 20 条水泥沟渠，里面养满了幼鱼。
When I pull up, I meet the guy responsible for getting the salmon to the ocean.
当我停下来时，我遇到了负责将鲑鱼运到大海的人。
Bill Smith, the hatchery manager, greets me, then walks me over to this machine that's now so critical to salmon migration, and we try to talk over its roar.
孵化场经理比尔·史密斯向我打招呼，然后带我走到这台机器前，这台机器现在对鲑鱼迁徙至关重要，我们试图谈论它的咆哮声。
What is this?
这是什么？
Bill Smith This is a fish crowder.
比尔·史密斯 这是一个集鱼机。
A fish crowder?
集鱼器？
Bill Smith Yeah.
比尔·史密斯 是的。
It's what we use to crowd the fish down.
这是我们用来把鱼挤下来的。
Oh, I see them!
哦，我看到他们了！
Bill Smith See all the salmon?
比尔·史密斯 看到所有的鲑鱼了吗？
Bill's a big, bearded, burly guy.
比尔是个大块头，留着胡子，身材魁梧。
And the suspenders are not just for show.
而且吊带不仅仅是为了展示。
They hold up jeans which are tucked into waterproof boots.
他们举起牛仔裤，将牛仔裤塞进防水靴里。
He's introverted, seems a little gruff.
他性格内向，看上去有点粗鲁。
But there's a tenderness in the way he talks about the fish.
但他谈论鱼的语气里充满了温柔。
In fact, he tells me, when these fish were just born, babies the size of fingernails, wriggling in the water, he would sometimes sleep at the hatchery overnight.
事实上，他告诉我，当这些鱼刚出生时，指甲盖大小的婴儿，在水中蠕动，他有时会在孵化场过夜。
He wanted to make sure their water was the right temperature, that the electricity stayed on.
他想确保水温合适，电力保持正常。
He wanted to make sure they were OK.
他想确保他们没事。
Do you feel emotional attachment to the fish after, because you basically--
之后你会对鱼产生情感依恋吗，因为你基本上——
I don't know if you would call it that, but yeah, definitely an attachment.
我不知道你是否会这样称呼它，但是，是的，绝对是附件。
Pretty amazing animals.
非常神奇的动物。
Yeah.
是的。
It's comforting to know someone who cares is at the heart of this operation.
知道有人关心是这次行动的核心，这令人感到欣慰。
Bill grew up in the area, a fisherman.
比尔在该地区长大，是一名渔民。
His life revolves around raising these animals for harvest.
他的生活就是围绕着饲养这些动物来收获。
But he rarely buys salmon in the store, says he can't afford it.
但他很少在店里买三文鱼，说他买不起。
He only eats what he catches.
他只吃他捕获的东西。
He mounted the moving platform of the crowder and started in on his job.
他登上了拥挤机的移动平台，开始了他的工作。
The crowder has a metal grate that dips below the water.
拥挤机有一个浸入水下的金属格栅。
It pushes the fish, each the size of a hot dog, to one end of the raceway.
它将每条热狗大小的鱼推到水道的一端。
Then they're sucked up into a tube that's connected to the top of a truck.
然后它们被吸入连接到卡车顶部的管子中。
The tube was translucent.
该管是半透明的。
And I could see all these salmon whooshing by, like documents being transported in a pneumatic tube.
我可以看到所有这些鲑鱼呼啸而过，就像文件在气动管中运输一样。
I wondered how they felt, if they felt.
我想知道他们的感受如何，如果他们有感受的话。
What did they think of the sudden rush of movement, the dramatic shift in their environment?
他们对突然的行动、环境的戏剧性变化有何看法？
One minute, shining in the sun, the next, dropped in a big, dark tanker.
前一分钟还在阳光下闪闪发光，下一分钟就被扔进了一艘又大又黑的油罐车里。
There was no way to really know.
没有办法真正知道。
After Bill filled each truck with brackish water and fish, and bags of ice to maintain the temperature, we pulled out of the hatchery.
比尔在每辆卡车上装满了咸水和鱼，以及用来保持温度的冰袋后，我们就驶出了孵化场。
Goodbye, fishies.
再见，鱼儿们。
We're on the road, me and 500,000 fish, and it's weird.
我们在路上，我和 500,000 条鱼，这很奇怪。
Bill's driving ahead in a pickup.
比尔开着一辆皮卡在前面行驶。
I follow behind the caravan.
我跟在车队后面。
The five trucks look like any other fuel tankers you would see on the highway.
这五辆卡车看起来就像你在高速公路上看到的任何其他油罐车一样。
They blend in seamlessly.
他们无缝地融合在一起。
You'd never know how many lives were speeding by in the lane next to you.
你永远不知道有多少生命在你旁边的巷子里飞驰而过。
What's amazing is that even though the fish are traveling by truck, they'll still be able to trace their way back to their birthplace, the hatchery.
令人惊奇的是，即使这些鱼是通过卡车运输的，它们仍然能够追溯到它们的出生地——孵化场。
The fish are imprinted with hatchery water, Bill told me.
比尔告诉我，鱼身上有孵化场水的印记。
So if they survive long enough at sea to reach spawning age, they can use their sense of smell to return to him, swimming up rivers till they're at the stream bed by the hatchery.
因此，如果它们在海上生存了足够长的时间，达到产卵年龄，它们就可以利用嗅觉回到他身边，沿着河流游到孵化场旁的河床上。
It takes 2 and 1/2 hours till the trucks finally pull in to their destination, Fort Baker.
卡车花了 2 又 1/2 小时才抵达目的地贝克堡。
Nothing can happen until the dead of night because if the salmon are released when it's light out, seagulls, pelicans, and cormorants will circle, dive, and swallow as many of the 500,000 fish as they can.
直到夜深人静之前什么都不会发生，因为如果天黑时鲑鱼被释放，海鸥、鹈鹕和鸬鹚就会盘旋、潜水，并尽可能多地吞下 50 万条鱼。
In front of us, the Golden Gate Bridge frames the San Francisco Bay, which glimmers against the skyline.
在我们面前，金门大桥勾勒出旧金山湾的轮廓，在天际线的映衬下闪闪发光。
They can't get very close to the water because the pier is a historic landmark.
他们不能离水太近，因为码头是一个历史地标。
So Bill sets up a chute, which extends about 100 feet.
因此，比尔设置了一个大约 100 英尺长的降落伞。
It connects the truck to the edge of the pier.
它将卡车连接到码头边缘。
Then there's a 20-foot drop from the pier to the bay.
然后从码头到海湾有 20 英尺的落差。
Darkness finally closes in, and Bill signals that it's time.
黑暗终于来临，比尔示意时间到了。
As oblivious teenagers make out at the end of the pier, a slow trickle of water drips down into the bay.
当健忘的青少年在码头尽头发现时，一股水缓缓滴入海湾。
Then a steady stream flows with a few of the small fish.
然后一条稳定的小溪流淌着一些小鱼。
Then a cascade, a rush all at once, crowded and alive.
然后是一道瀑布，一下子涌来，拥挤而生机勃勃。
The salmon are falling in a flurry to the bay below, crashing against the water, then making small waves of their own.
鲑鱼纷纷落向下面的海湾，撞击着水面，然后掀起小小的波浪。
It's chaotic and beautiful, but everything about this is fucked up.
它既混乱又美丽，但一切都搞砸了。
It feels crude and kind of rude to the animals.
这对动物来说感觉很粗鲁，有点粗鲁。
I feel like we don't even deserve salmon, if this is the world we've made.
我觉得如果这是我们创造的世界，我们甚至不配吃鲑鱼。
But at the same time-- and I hate that I'm saying this-- it's not so bad.
但与此同时——我讨厌我这么说——情况并没有那么糟糕。
I love salmon, and I want them to survive.
我喜欢鲑鱼，我希望它们能够生存。
And if we're going to have salmon in California, this might be the only way.
如果我们要在加利福尼亚州吃鲑鱼，这可能是唯一的方法。
Bill repeats the process with each truck four more times.
比尔对每辆卡车重复这个过程四次。
A few fish flop on the pier, and he picks them up tenderly and throws them in the water with the others.
几条鱼落在码头上，他温柔地把它们捡起来，和其他鱼一起扔进水里。
He's gotten them as far as he can.
他已经尽力了。
Jaime Lowe, her most recent book is called Breathing Fire, Female Inmate Firefighters on the Front Lines of California's Wildfires.
海梅·洛（Jaime Lowe）的最新著作《呼吸火焰，加州野火前线的女囚犯消防员》。
[MUSIC - "I'LL TAKE THE LONG ROAD" BY NAOMI SHELTON & THE GOSPEL QUEENS]
[音乐 - 娜奥米·谢尔顿 (NAOMI SHELTON) 和福音皇后乐队的《I'll TAKE THE LONG ROAD》]
Well, our program was produced today by Chris Benderev and Nadia Reiman.
嗯，我们今天的节目是由克里斯·本德列夫和纳迪亚·雷曼制作的。
The people who helped put together today's program include Bim Adewunmi, Sean Cole, Michael Comite, Aviva DeKornfeld, Chana Joffe-Walt, Seth Lind, Michelle Navarro, Stowe Nelson, Katherine Rae Mondo, Alix Spiegel, Laura Starcheski, Christopher Swetala, Marisa Robertson-Textor, Matt Tierney, and Diane Wu.
帮助整理今天节目的人员包括 Bim Adewunmi、Sean Cole、Michael Comite、Aviva DeKornfeld、Chana Joffe-Walt、Seth Lind、Michelle Navarro、Stowe Nelson、Katherine Rae Mondo、Alix Spiegel、Laura Starcheski、Christopher Swetala、Marisa Robertson-Textor、Matt Tierney 和 Diane Wu。
Our managing editor is Sarah Abdurrahman.
我们的总编辑是萨拉·阿卜杜拉赫曼 (Sarah Abdurrahman)。
Our senior editor is David Kestenbaum.
我们的高级编辑是大卫·凯斯滕鲍姆。
Our executive editor is Emanuele Berry.
我们的执行编辑是 Emanuele Berry。
Special thanks today to Paloma Wu and Blake Feldman at the Mississippi Center for Justice, Arthur Bass, Carson Jeffres, Autumn Bernstein, Steve Gough, Alicia Netterville, Patricia Trowles, Jay Jackson, Omar Travis, Sam Levine, Pippa Holloway, Dorothy Overstreet Pratt, Kerri Cleeland, Rebecca Vitali-Decola, America Billy, and Rebecca Kanthor.
今天特别感谢密西西比司法中心的 Paloma Wu 和 Blake Feldman、Arthur Bass、Carson Jeffres、Autumn Bernstein、Steve Gough、Alicia Netterville、Patricia Trowles、Jay Jackson、Omar Travis、Sam Levine、Pippa Holloway、Dorothy Overstreet Pratt、Kerri Cleeland、Rebecca Vitali-Decola、America Billy 和 Rebecca Kanthor。
Our website, thisamericanlife.org, where you can stream our archive of over 750 episodes for absolutely free.
我们的网站 thisamericanlife.org，您可以在其中完全免费地观看我们的 750 多集档案。
Also, there's videos.
另外，还有视频。
There's lists of favorite shows.
有最喜欢的节目列表。
There's tons of other stuff there, too.
那里还有很多其他东西。
Seriously, it's good.
说真的，这很好。
Again, thisamericanlife.org.
再说一次，thisamericanlife.org。
This American Life is delivered to public radio stations by PRX, the Public Radio Exchange.
《美国生活》由公共广播电台 PRX 向公共广播电台播出。
Thanks, as always, to our program's co-founder, Mr. Torey Malatia.
一如既往地感谢我们项目的联合创始人 Torey Malatia 先生。
He is still bitter, bitter, so bitter over Julie Andrews leaving him long ago, to star in the movie, Mary Poppins.
他仍然对朱莉·安德鲁斯很久以前离开他去主演电影《欢乐满人间》感到痛苦、痛苦、非常痛苦。
He remembers telling her--
他记得告诉她——
Have fun being able to spell supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.
享受能够拼写 supercalifragilisticexpialidocious 的乐趣。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Back next week with more stories of This American Life.
下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
This American Life This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
This American Life This American Life 与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。