744: Essential - This American Life

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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #744 | August 13, 2021 744: Essential Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.

00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 744 集 | 2021 年 8 月 13 日 744：重要说明：《This American Life》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。

If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.

如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。

Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.

文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。

Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.

请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。

Prologue: Prologue Chana Joffe-Walt From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life.

序言：序言 来自 WBEZ 芝加哥的 Chana Joffe-Walt，这就是《美国生活》。

I'm Chana Joffe-Walt, sitting in for Ira Glass.

我是查娜·乔夫-沃尔特 (Chana Joffe-Walt)，代理艾拉·格拉斯 (Ira Glass)。

I've been talking to people lately about their jobs.

我最近一直在和人们谈论他们的工作。

Something is going on with jobs right now.

现在工作方面正在发生一些事情。

People are leaving them, they want to leave them, where we do our jobs is changing, what we do.

人们正在离开他们，他们想要离开他们，我们的工作地点、我们的工作正在发生变化。

And I've been especially interested in people who are designated essential workers.

我对被指定为重要工作人员的人特别感兴趣。

I think for the stay at home types, people like me, our jobs changed in very obvious ways.

我认为对于像我这样呆在家里的人来说，我们的工作发生了非常明显的变化。

But for people who continued to go to work in person, their jobs changed too, but those changes were sometimes less visible.

但对于继续亲自上班的人来说，他们的工作也发生了变化，但这些变化有时不太明显。

For example, Kerry Breen.

例如，凯瑞·布林。

He's a carpenter, works for the New York City Department of Education fixing things in schools.

他是一名木匠，在纽约市教育局工作，负责修理学校的东西。

Spring last year when all the schools shut down for COVID, Kerry wasn't sure what that meant for him until he heard no, no, no, he should still come in, report to work.

去年春天，所有学校因新冠病毒而停课，克里不确定这对他意味着什么，直到他听到“不，不，不，他仍然应该进来上班”。

Well, the fact that they deemed us essential I kind of found it a little comical in the beginning.

嗯，事实上，他们认为我们是必不可少的，一开始我觉得这有点滑稽。

That door has creaked for years, that floor has creaked for years.

那扇门已经吱吱作响很多年了，那层地板也已经吱吱作响很多年了。

All of a sudden, today it's an emergency, or it's essential.

突然间，今天有紧急情况，或者说有必要。

It's not like he was a doctor or a grocery store worker.

他不像医生或杂货店工人。

Most of our work is repairing floors, doors, ceilings that are down, bathrooms falling apart.

我们的大部分工作是修理地板、门、倒塌的天花板和倒塌的浴室。

Do you have a favorite sort of task?

您有最喜欢的任务类型吗？

Like on Monday morning if you get assigned doors are you like, ugh, more doors?

就像周一早上，如果你被分配了门，你是否喜欢，呃，更多的门？

Or is there one that you really like?

或者说有一个是你真正喜欢的吗？

I wouldn't say there's a favorite.

我不会说有一个最喜欢的。

My favorite is when the building has an elevator.

我最喜欢的是大楼有电梯。

Because you'll get doors on the fifth floor of a building, and you've got to carry doors that weigh potentially a couple of pounds up and then back down.

因为你会在建筑物的第五层找到门，并且你必须将可能重几磅的门搬上来，然后再搬下来。

Kerry is practical in this way.

凯瑞在这方面很实用。

Kerry has been a carpenter for 35 years.

Kerry 从事木匠工作已有 35 年。

He's also a volunteer firefighter, Irish, talks about his kids a lot.

他也是一名志愿消防员，爱尔兰人，经常谈论他的孩子。

So he's going to work, and they're getting a lot done, because there's no kids around.

所以他要去工作，他们已经完成了很多工作，因为周围没有孩子。

With the COVID, schools empty, things were getting painted, things were getting fixed.

由于新冠疫情，学校空了，东西都被粉刷了，事情也得到了修复。

I've never seen the schools look so good.

我从来没有见过学校看起来这么好。

And then April, a couple of weeks after the schools closed, Kerry goes in for his team meeting where they tell everyone what they're working on next.

然后四月，学校关闭几周后，克里参加了他的团队会议，他们告诉每个人他们下一步要做什么。

It was I believe a Thursday or Friday afternoon.

我相信那是星期四或星期五的下午。

My boss said, we've got a project coming up next week, and we're going to start to build coffins.

我的老板说，我们下周有一个项目要开始，我们要开始建造棺材。

He repeated it.

他重复了一遍。

We'll be building coffins for the city of New York.

我们将为纽约市建造棺材。

Nobody in the shop believed it.

店里没人相信。

We're like, get out of here.

我们就像，离开这里。

Build coffins.

建造棺材。

And he produced a set of plans and showed them to us.

他制定了一套计划并向我们展示。

And he said, we're going to start next week.

他说，我们下周开始。

And we had to go to a high school into a gymnasium that was set up as a rudimentary shop with--

我们必须去一所高中，进入一个体育馆，那里是一个简陋的商店，里面有——

A high school gymnasium with like, basketball lines on the floor kind of thing?

一个高中体育馆，地板上有篮球线之类的东西？

Yes, yes.

是的，是的。

We all get up there, and there was actually a prototype of what we had to build standing--

我们都站在那里，实际上有一个我们必须建立的原型——

It was an example coffin.

这是一个棺材的例子。

Kerry Breen Yes, I actually have a picture.

凯瑞·布林 是的，我实际上有一张照片。

Oh.

哦。

Whoa.

哇哦。

They showed you that prototype?

他们给你看了那个原型？

Yes.

是的。

Chana Joffe-Walt It's a simple box, standing on its end where a person's feet would be.

Chana Joffe-Walt 这是一个简单的盒子，立在人脚所在的一端。

And it's open.

而且它是开放的。

The cover isn't attached yet, it's just leaning against the box.

盖子还没有盖上，只是靠在盒子上。

In the background, you can see a scoreboard, a basketball net, and a championship banner.

在背景中，您可以看到记分牌、篮球网和冠军横幅。

And it was a basic plywood and 2 by 4 box.

它是一个基本的胶合板和 2 x 4 的盒子。

I've built some strange things over the years, but I've never built a coffin in my life.

多年来我建造了一些奇怪的东西，但我一生中从未建造过棺材。

Very quickly, the gym became a workshop.

很快，健身房就变成了车间。

They set up cut stations and assembly stations.

他们设立了切割站和组装站。

Electricians came in to install ventilation fans for all the sawdust.

电工进来为所有木屑安装换气扇。

And about 10 carpenters got to work.

大约 10 名木匠开始工作。

And we started bringing drafts of plywood, which is 50 sheets at a time.

我们开始带来胶合板草稿，一次 50 张。

And we had six drafts of plywood and two drafts of 2 by 4s.

我们有六张胶合板草稿和两份 2 × 4 的草稿。

And they didn't give us an end.

他们并没有给我们结束。

But we were just told, this is your job for now.

但我们刚刚被告知，这是你现在的工作。

So we started, and we ran through all the material, got more material.

所以我们开始了，我们浏览了所有的材料，得到了更多的材料。

Ran through that, got more material.

浏览了一下，得到了更多材料。

Like, oh my god, they really need this many made?

就像，天哪，他们真的需要这么多吗？

I asked Kerry, did they know where the coffins were going?

我问克里，他们知道棺材要去哪里吗？

No. Did the carpenters talk about what the boxes were for?

没有。木匠们有没有谈论过这些盒子的用途？

No. We just kept working.

不，我们只是继续工作。

We would get up to about 150.

我们最多会达到 150 人左右。

And so we had a very large stack of them-- it was almost a wall-- across the gym, from one end to the other.

所以我们在健身房里放了一大堆——几乎是一堵墙，从一端到另一端。

Where do you put 150 coffins in a high school gym?

高中体育馆里150个棺材放在哪里？

Straight across the basketball court, from one end to the other.

笔直穿过篮球场，从一端到另一端。

So--

所以——

Yes, we'd stack them about five or six high.

是的，我们会把它们堆起来大约五到六层高。

Until we got pallets, and then we placed 10 on a pallet, shrink wrap them, and I would take a forklift and back them into the elevator.

直到我们拿到托盘，然后我们将 10 个放在托盘上，用热收缩膜包裹它们，然后我会用叉车将它们送回电梯。

I'd drive them out onto the street and up the street, through the schoolyard, down the next street, and to the back of a tractor trailer.

我会把他们开到街上，沿着街道，穿过校园，沿着下一条街，来到一辆拖拉机拖车的后面。

And getting honked at for a forklift that goes too slow.

还因为叉车开得太慢而被按喇叭。

They're honking at you while you were driving the coffins?

你开棺材的时候他们对你按喇叭吗？

Yes.

是的。

Yes.

是的。

And in three weeks of doing it, not one person in the neighborhood ever asked the question, what are those, or what are you doing?

在这样做的三周内，附近没有一个人问过这个问题：那些是什么，或者你在做什么？

Were you waiting for somebody to ask you?

你在等别人来问你吗？

I found it bizarre that nobody asked.

我觉得很奇怪，没有人问。

Maybe nobody made the connection, or maybe nobody wanted to make the connection.

也许没有人建立联系，或者也许没有人愿意建立联系。

It just seemed like people were going about their lives, until the final load where one guy who spoke Spanish only walks past me, and he just says, "morte," and makes sort of a slicing motion across his neck.

人们似乎都在过着自己的生活，直到最后一集，一个只会说西班牙语的人从我身边走过，他只是说，“morte”，然后在脖子上做了一个切开的动作。

And I just said, "si." And he shook his head and just walked away.

我只是说，“是”。他摇摇头，走开了。

In the end, Kerry's team built 415 coffins.

最终，克里的团队建造了415口棺材。

There were carpenters in other schools too.

其他学校也有木匠。

All together, they built 1,400.

他们总共建造了 1,400 个。

As I've been talking to people about their jobs, people in lots of different jobs that were deemed essential over these last 17 months, I will very regularly find myself saying something like this.

当我一直在与人们谈论他们的工作时，过去 17 个月里从事许多不同工作的人们被认为是必不可少的，我会经常发现自己说这样的话。

I had no idea that happened.

我不知道发生了什么事。

Kerry Breen Well, you wouldn't.

凯瑞·布林：嗯，你不会的。

Yeah.

是的。

Do people-- Kerry Breen Nobody did.

做人——克里·布林 没有人做。

--know that that happened?

——知道那件事发生了吗？

Kerry Breen It was not for public knowledge.

克里·布林 (Kerry Breen) 这不是为了让公众知道。

I think nobody knew how to handle it.

我认为没有人知道如何处理它。

I'm sure the schools didn't want like, hey, we're building coffins over here.

我确信学校不想这样，嘿，我们在这里建造棺材。

It's not something you want to highlight.

这不是你想要强调的事情。

But now that things are waning and-- all right, you can kind of let that out.

但现在事情正在减弱——好吧，你可以把它发泄出来。

Yeah.

是的。

There's this sort of-- part of what's weird about what just happened is that there were people who had to do things that just normally are never asked of in your job.

刚刚发生的事情的奇怪之处在于，有些人必须做一些在你的工作中通常不会被要求的事情。

And it wasn't a war.

这不是一场战争。

But if it was a war, and after a war--

但如果这是一场战争，以及战争之后——

Yeah, yeah.

是啊，是啊。

It's logistics.

这是物流。

Chana Joffe-Walt --you go over what happened.

Chana Joffe-Walt——你回顾一下发生的事情。

Yeah.

是的。

Exactly.

确切地。

This is how many people died.

这就是死了多少人的原因。

This is how many planes we built or trucks we-- whatever.

这就是我们制造的飞机或卡车的数量——无论如何。

Or the fact that somebody built coffins in a high school gym in the Bronx.

或者有人在布朗克斯的一所高中体育馆建造了棺材。

Yeah.

是的。

There's going to be an accounting.

会有会计。

And it'll be the weird stats that come out of somewhere.

这将是来自某个地方的奇怪统计数据。

And this is one of the stranger ones.

这是最奇怪的之一。

415 coffins.

415口棺材。

Mark it down.

记下来。

That happened.

那件事发生了。

A year and a half ago, we asked more than 50 million Americans to continue going to work, because they had essential jobs.

一年半前，我们要求超过 5000 万美国人继续工作，因为他们有重要的工作。

And they did.

他们做到了。

Nurses and doctors and also mail carriers and waitresses and construction workers, child care workers, garbage collectors all worked through this once in a century emergency.

护士、医生、邮递员、女服务员、建筑工人、儿童保育员、垃圾收集员都参与了这场百年一遇的紧急情况。

And now, we're kind of used to it.

现在，我们已经习惯了。

We're focused on what's next.

我们专注于接下来的事情。

But do we even know what just happened?

但我们知道刚刚发生了什么吗？

I remember calling to check in on someone early in the pandemic.

我记得在大流行初期打电话询问某人的情况。

She works in customs at the airport, and she told me they hadn't gotten any PPE yet, and they were nervous.

她在机场海关工作，她告诉我他们还没有拿到任何个人防护装备，他们很紧张。

They all sat right next to each other in desks in this office.

他们都坐在办公室的办公桌上。

So they took cardboard boxes and put them up between their desks.

于是他们拿起纸板箱，把它们放在桌子之间。

And then they cut holes in the boxes, so they could talk to each other.

然后他们在盒子上打洞，这样他们就可以互相交谈。

I had the same feeling hearing that as I did with the coffins.

我听到这句话的感觉和我听到棺材时的感觉是一样的。

Do people know that happened?

人们知道这件事发生了吗？

Shouldn't we be marking that in some way?

我们不应该以某种方式标记它吗？

415 coffins, that happened.

415口棺材，就这样发生了。

And 22 jerry-rigged cardboard partitions in JFK airport, that happened too.

肯尼迪机场的 22 个偷工减料的纸板隔板也发生过这种情况。

Today's show, I'd like to attempt to do a kind of accounting, not of how many people died or how many are unemployed, but a different kind of national accounting of all the smaller private moments that unfolded in people's jobs all across the country-- Maine, Arizona, Michigan, New York City, specifically, essential workers.

在今天的节目中，我想尝试做一种统计，不是统计有多少人死亡或有多少人失业，而是统计全国各地人们工作中发生的所有较小的私人时刻——缅因州、亚利桑那州、密歇根州、纽约市，特别是重要的工人。

We're going to hear the stories only they know, moments that changed the way people thought about their jobs, changed the choices they'll make next, and will affect the economy in ways we are only just beginning to see.

我们将听到只有他们知道的故事，这些时刻改变了人们对工作的看法，改变了他们下一步将做出的选择，并将以我们刚刚开始看到的方式影响经济。

That's today's show.

这就是今天的节目。

Stay with us.

留在我们身边。

Because today's show is a kind of audit, each act name will include a number.

因为今天的节目是一种审核，所以每个演员的名字都会包含一个数字。

So our first number for our ledger here is the number 3.

所以我们账本的第一个数字是数字 3。

This act is called "Three Bottles of Joy." That'll make sense in a second.

这个行为被称为“三瓶欢乐”。很快就会明白这一点。

So here's a small thing you would have no way of knowing what's happening underground during the pandemic.

所以这是一件小事，你无法知道大流行期间地下发生了什么。

Station agents in New York City's subway system, the people who sit in booths and sell you tickets or give you directions, they were still going to work every day.

纽约市地铁系统中的车站工作人员，那些坐在售票亭里向你卖票或给你指路的人，他们仍然每天上班。

But most of the public stopped riding the trains, so it got really quiet down there.

但大多数公众不再乘坐火车，所以那里变得非常安静。

And as the weeks went on, station agents began bringing items from home into their booths to sit with them during the day-- bibles, spiritual aphorisms.

几周过去了，车站工作人员开始把物品从家里带进他们的摊位，白天和他们坐在一起——圣经、精神格言。

Little stuff like that, putting mirrors.

像这样的小事，放镜子。

Look at you smile.

看着你微笑。

Moneta Lewis.

莫尼塔·刘易斯。

Moneta Lewis We don't get a lot of that.

莫尼塔·刘易斯（Moneta Lewis） 我们对此了解不多。

From management, we don't get a lot of that.

我们从管理层那里得到的信息并不多。

--New York City transit.

——纽约市交通。

She saw workers bringing in all sorts of things into their booths.

她看到工人们把各种各样的东西搬进他们的摊位。

At one point, we was buying the bottles of Joy.

有一次，我们买了几瓶 Joy。

Sometimes we would have them sitting up, Joy.

有时我们会让他们坐起来，乔伊。

Yeah.

是的。

So if you see the word joy, you look at, it's going to make you smile.

因此，如果你看到“快乐”这个词，你会看到它，它会让你微笑。

Moneta says, we needed that.

莫内塔说，我们需要那个。

Made us feel less alone.

让我们感觉不那么孤单。

Over time, the bottles of Joy, they started to be a marker for Moneta of how their work was changing.

随着时间的推移，Joy 的瓶子开始成为 Moneta 工作变化的标志。

Moneta's job is to be lunch relief for other station agents.

莫内塔的工作是为其他车站工作人员提供午餐。

That means she travels to a station, the agent on duty goes on lunch, and Moneta sits in their booth for 30 minutes, then travels to the next station.

这意味着她要去一个车站，值班人员去吃午饭，莫内塔在他们的座位上坐 30 分钟，然后前往下一个车站。

So she sees the inside of a lot of booths.

所以她看到了很多摊位的内部。

And Moneta's an observer.

莫尼塔是一名观察员。

Black woman, cat-eye glasses.

黑人女性，猫眼眼镜。

She can talk to anyone, and she does.

她可以和任何人交谈，而且她确实做到了。

She goes from South Ferry station to Rector to Chambers.

她从南渡轮站到校长再到钱伯斯。

She gets a bagel from the corner store at 10:30 AM.

上午 10:30，她从街角商店买了一个百吉饼。

She eats it for six minutes by the window as she narrates the traffic at the four-way intersection outside.

她在窗边吃了六分钟，一边讲述外面四路交叉口的交通情况。

With an eye on the unmarked cop car that is always parked there waiting, she says, four or five tickets daily.

她看着总是停在那里等待的无标记警车，每天有四五张罚单。

And people cut the light, because you could cut the light four ways here.

人们会切断光线，因为你可以在这里以四种方式切断光线。

Every day.

每天。

Then it's underground.

然后就是地下了。

Moneta waves me into the subway through the gate.

莫尼塔挥手让我从大门进入地铁。

Come on, you're with the MTA lady.

来吧，你和 MTA 女士在一起。

You're with me.

你和我在一起。

You're with the MTA lady.

你和 MTA 女士在一起。

March 2020, when the pandemic shut down New York City, Moneta brought word of the virus from booth to booth.

2020 年 3 月，当纽约市因流感大流行而关闭时，莫内塔将病毒的消息从一个摊位带到了另一个摊位。

At one booth, the agent would say, do you think we should be wearing masks?

在一个摊位，工作人员会说，你认为我们应该戴口罩吗？

And at the next booth, oh, I heard we're not supposed to.

在下一个摊位，哦，我听说我们不应该这样做。

Management doesn't want us scaring the customers.

管理层不希望我们吓到顾客。

Another booth, what customers?

另一个摊位，什么客户？

Moneta says all the agents at every booth were talking about the disappearing customers.

莫内塔说，每个摊位的所有代理商都在谈论消失的顾客。

Absolutely.

绝对地。

We was, like they get to stay home?

我们觉得他们可以呆在家里吗？

We wanted them to close the station down too.

我们也希望他们关闭车站。

But as station agents, we had to be here on set.

但作为车站工作人员，我们必须在现场。

Yeah, so we felt a little cheated.

是的，所以我们感觉有点被骗了。

We felt like, OK, what about us?

我们觉得，好吧，那我们呢？

So what are y'all going to-- We grateful to have a job, don't get me wrong.

那么你们打算做什么——我们很高兴能找到一份工作，别误会我的意思。

I have acquired quite a lot, even just meeting people and learning.

我学到了很多，甚至只是认识人和学习。

But it was just like an uneasiness.

但这就像一种不安。

It was like we was coming to work to get sick.

就好像我们来上班是为了生病一样。

You felt like you were coming to work to get sick?

你觉得你来上班是为了生病吗？

Yes.

是的。

Chana Joffe-Walt And they did.

查纳·乔夫-沃尔特 他们做到了。

Transit workers began to get sick in large numbers.

交通工人开始大量患病。

And they began to die in large numbers-- first a subway conductor and a bus driver, then a track worker.

他们开始大量死亡——首先是一名地铁售票员和一名公共汽车司机，然后是一名轨道工人。

The MTA suffered more COVID deaths than any other agency in New York City, 171 deaths.

MTA 因新冠肺炎死亡人数比纽约市任何其他机构都多，共有 171 人死亡。

COVID was surging, and New York City was the epicenter.

新冠疫情激增，纽约市成为震中。

It was like a plague struck this one specific agency.

这就像一场瘟疫袭击了这个特定机构。

A bus driver I spoke with told me, when you lose someone in the transit system, you notice.

与我交谈的一位公交车司机告诉我，当你在交通系统中失去某人时，你会注意到。

Because what transit is is a time schedule.

因为交通是一个时间表。

That train pulls out at 4:31 every day.

该火车每天 4:31 发车。

That bus passes with the same bus driver at 8:22 every morning.

那辆公共汽车每天早上 8 点 22 分由同一个公共汽车司机经过。

That person buys chips from the same vending machine in the break room at exactly 5:12.

那个人在 5 点 12 分整从休息室的同一台自动售货机购买了筹码。

When someone dies, their absence is immediately visible.

当有人去世时，他们的缺席立即可见。

Moneta told me she felt like suddenly work was a battle and she was a soldier trying to stay alive.

莫内塔告诉我，她感觉工作突然变成了一场战斗，而她是一名努力生存的士兵。

A lot of transit workers felt this way.

很多公交工作者都有这样的感受。

But they are not soldiers.

但他们不是士兵。

So I would ask people, how do you make that switch?

所以我会问人们，你如何进行这种转变？

How does a person go from driving a train every day to going into work thinking you might die doing this job?

一个人如何从每天开火车到上班时认为自己可能会死在这份工作上？

The week that COVID hit my line and my terminal, I was on vacation.

新冠病毒袭击我的线路和终端的那一周，我正在度假。

Christopher Gonsalves drives the number 7 train.

克里斯托弗·冈萨尔维斯 (Christopher Gonsalves) 驾驶 7 号列车。

He's a conductor, suddenly an essential conductor, which he spoke about like he was being conscripted into an army just as the war was heating up.

他是一名指挥家，突然间成为一名重要的指挥家，他说起这一点就好像战争正在升温时他被征召入伍一样。

I just kept looking at my text messages and Facebook.

我只是一直查看我的短信和脸书。

Everybody at work was getting sick.

工作中的每个人都生病了。

And I said, wow.

我说，哇。

And I started getting worried when it was time to go back to work.

当我要回去工作时，我开始担心。

I didn't want to go back.

我不想回去。

I was just thinking about it.

我只是在想。

I called my mom a lot.

我给妈妈打了很多电话。

And I told her, I said, Ma, guess what?

我告诉她，我说，妈妈，你猜怎么着？

The week I took off, everyone got sick.

我起飞的那一周，每个人都生病了。

And she was over here thanking the Lord.

她在这里感谢主。

I was like, OK, Ma, I got it.

我当时想，好吧，妈妈，我明白了。

Thank you, appreciate it.

谢谢，很感激。

But I still got to go to work tomorrow.

但明天我还得去上班。

And she's giving me the whole thing-- please be careful, wear your mask, stay far away from everybody.

她告诉我整件事——请小心，戴上口罩，远离所有人。

I said, yes, I know.

我说，是的，我知道。

And She's.

而她是。

Also getting on me for my vitamins.

还为了我的维生素而攻击我。

She said the vitamins is going to help.

她说维生素会有帮助。

Take the vitamins.

服用维生素。

And I said, yes, Ma, I will.

我说，是的，妈妈，我会的。

Chris said his mom told him, no, no, no, do it now while we're on the phone.

克里斯说，他妈妈告诉他，不，不，不，现在就在我们打电话的时候做。

And then she waited until she could hear him taking his vitamins.

然后她一直等到听到他服用维生素的声音。

And I was worried.

我很担心。

And I said, Mom.

我说，妈妈。

I spoke to her just to tell her you're my beneficiary.

我跟她说话只是为了告诉她你是我的受益人。

If something happens, everything is set.

如果发生什么事情，一切都已注定。

I have life insurance.

我有人寿保险。

Don't worry about it.

别担心。

So she was worried, and I just had to calm her down a bit.

所以她很担心，我只好让她平静下来。

You told her, "you're my beneficiary," that was your way of calming her down?

你告诉她，“你是我的受益人”，这就是你让她平静下来的方式吗？

Well, she tells it to me all the time when she flies on airplanes.

嗯，当她坐飞机时，她总是告诉我这些。

Yeah.

是的。

It was scary but relieving.

这很可怕，但也让人松了一口气。

It was very relieving when I was talking to her, because she's my mother.

当我和她说话时，我感到非常轻松，因为她是我的母亲。

I just had to man up and go in the next day.

我只需要振作起来，第二天就去。

I didn't want to.

我不想。

Moneta told me it was around this time when you'd hear about people dying daily that station agents started bringing in the bottles of Joy dish soap into their booths.

莫内塔告诉我，大约在这个时候，当你听说每天都有人死亡时，车站工作人员开始将几瓶乔伊洗洁精带进他们的摊位。

Transit workers were essential.

交通工人至关重要。

But they were also alone.

但他们也很孤独。

Station agents are supposed to be the eyes and ears of the subway system.

车站工作人员应该是地铁系统的眼睛和耳朵。

But there were so few people.

但人实在是太少了。

Transit took away cash purchases-- fear of transmission.

交通取消了现金购买——担心传播。

So subway fares were all taken on machines.

所以地铁票价都是机器取的。

Moneta was by herself sitting in the booths, looking at all the hopeful items people brought, in the bottles of Joy, and just hanging on until we got to the other side.

莫内塔一个人坐在摊位上，看着人们带来的所有充满希望的物品，装在喜悦的瓶子里，一直坚持到我们到达另一边。

And now, here we are, kind of at the other side?

现在，我们在这里，有点在另一边？

Is there another side?

还有另一面吗？

Things have definitely changed underground.

地下情况确实发生了变化。

They're better.

他们更好。

But Moneta's job is not the same.

但莫内塔的工作不一样。

The people have not returned.

人还没有回来。

They're not riding the trains like before.

他们不再像以前那样坐火车了。

And the cash hasn't returned either.

而且现金也没有退回来。

Station agents still are not allowed to take cash purchases.

车站工作人员仍然不允许接受现金购买。

Technically, we sit there.

从技术上讲，我们坐在那里。

We're not supposed to be on our phones, not supposed to be reading anything outside of transit memos.

我们不应该使用手机，不应该阅读交通备忘录之外的任何内容。

We have no customers.

我们没有客户。

So where is that-- I think it's in England-- where the soldiers just sit there, they don't move, no--

那么那是哪里——我想是在英国——士兵们只是坐在那里，他们一动不动，不——

Like at the Queen's palace?

比如在皇后的宫殿里？

Christopher Gonsalves Yeah.

克里斯托弗·冈萨尔维斯 是的。

Does it make you not want to do the job anymore?

这会让你不想再做这份工作了吗？

It makes me feel like I'm unable to fully do what I was hired to do.

这让我觉得我无法完全完成我被雇用去做的事情。

Say more about that.

多说一点吧。

What do you mean by that?

你这是什么意思？

One of the biggest things coming down here was the busyness.

这里最重要的事情之一就是忙碌。

I like busy stations.

我喜欢繁忙的车站。

The money, the camaraderie with the customers, they're going to work.

有了钱，有了与顾客的友情，他们就会发挥作用。

I'm a people's person.

我是一个人民的人。

And most of us were.

我们大多数人都是。

You don't feel like a people person anymore.

你不再觉得自己是一个善于交际的人了。

I do feel like a people person, I just feel like people don't care.

我确实觉得自己是一个善于交际的人，只是觉得人们不在乎。

And a lot of us feel that way.

我们很多人都有这种感觉。

Especially because recently, the MTA has proposed eliminating her position, the position of lunch relief for station agents.

尤其是最近，MTA提议取消她的职位，即为车站工作人员提供午餐救济的职位。

The union sued, and the MTA backed down.

工会提起诉讼，MTA 做出了让步。

But looking forward, without cash purchases, the job of a station agent does seem much less essential.

但展望未来，如果没有现金购买，车站工作人员的工作似乎就不那么重要了。

What if Moneta survived the war only to be laid off in peacetime?

如果莫内塔在战争中幸存下来，但在和平时期却被解雇了怎么办？

I asked her recently if the bottles of Joy are still in the booths.

我最近问她，Joy 的瓶子是否还在摊位上。

She said nah, people took them away.

她说不，人们把它们拿走了。

You're not allowed to bring extra stuff into the booth.

不允许携带额外的物品进入展位。

You could get away with it before, when we were left alone down there.

以前，当我们独自一人在那里时，你可以逃脱惩罚。

Act 2.

第 2 幕。

Moneta's job changed pretty dramatically, in ways she did not like.

莫妮塔的工作发生了巨大的变化，但她并不喜欢这种变化。

But most jobs didn't actually change that much.

但大多数工作实际上并没有发生太大变化。

In fact, one of the strangest aspects of working through the pandemic for a lot of people was how much did not change in their jobs.

事实上，对很多人来说，在疫情期间工作的最奇怪的方面之一是他们的工作没有发生多少变化。

That is the case with this next story.

下一个故事就是这种情况。

So we're going to add another number to our list.

因此，我们将在列表中添加另一个号码。

If you picture our ledger here, we've got 415 coffins, 3 bottles of joy.

如果你想象一下我们的账本，我们有 415 个棺材，3 瓶欢乐。

I feel like the next number here should have stars drawn around it or something, sparkly pen aspirational stars, like a goals list.

我觉得这里的下一个数字应该在它周围画上星星之类的东西，闪闪发光的钢笔渴望的星星，就像目标列表一样。

The number is 25.

数量是25。

Act 2 is called "The $25 Tip." It took Shelly Ortiz a decade in the restaurant business to work up to a $25 tip.

第二幕称为“25 美元小费”。雪莉·奥尔蒂斯 (Shelly Ortiz) 在餐厅工作了十年，才攒够 25 美元的小费。

She started when she was 15 years old, got her first job as a cashier at a Five Guys in Phoenix.

她 15 岁时开始从事这项工作，并在凤凰城的五人餐厅找到了第一份收银员工作。

And Shelly walks in bubbly, ready to go.

雪莉兴高采烈地走进来，准备出发。

Her nickname growing up was Smiley, and you can hear it in her voice.

她成长过程中的绰号是“笑脸”，你可以从她的声音中听出这一点。

I remember I was at orientation, and I really wanted to make friends.

我记得我在参加新生培训时，我真的很想交朋友。

I remember turning to a man and being like, so what high school do you go to?

我记得我转向一个男人问，你在哪所高中？

And he looked at me, and he was like, I'm 35.

他看着我，说，我 35 岁了。

[LAUGHTER] It was just a big realization that like, I'm the youngest person here, and it shows.

[笑声] 这是一个很大的认识，我是这里最年轻的人，这表明了这一点。

Shelly describes herself as an all-in type person.

雪莉形容自己是一个全力以赴的人。

And she threw herself into restaurants, all through college, her 20s.

整个大学期间，20 多岁的她就全身心投入到餐馆里。

There was Five Guys, then a French bistro, a sandwich shop, a food court.

有五个人，然后是法国小酒馆、三明治店、美食广场。

And eventually, fine dining, where she finally got her first $25 tip, which was huge.

最后，在高级餐厅，她终于得到了她的第一笔 25 美元小费，这是一笔巨额的小费。

She was only making $9 an hour.

她每小时只赚 9 美元。

Shelly picked up on the routines of each place she worked easily.

雪莉轻松地掌握了她工作的每个地方的惯例。

She loves a routine.

她喜欢有规律的生活。

And she loved restaurants.

她喜欢餐馆。

Shelly got rude customers all the time, people who would say things about her body, her personality, how much she was checking on the table.

雪莉总是遇到粗鲁的顾客，他们会说她的身体、她的性格、她在餐桌上检查了多少。

I remember I used to work brunches a lot.

我记得我以前经常吃早午餐。

I was like, the brunch girl.

我就像，早午餐女孩。

And brunch made good money.

早午餐赚了很多钱。

But brunch clientele, it's intimidating.

但早午餐的顾客却很吓人。

And I remember we were running out of forks.

我记得我们的叉子已经用完了。

We were running out of forks.

我们的叉子用完了。

And I think about this all the time.

我一直在思考这个问题。

I think I put some spoons on a table, a very picky brunch table.

我想我在桌子上放了一些勺子，一张非常挑剔的早午餐桌。

Because they were getting like something that they could potentially eat it with a spoon, but they probably should have actual roll-ups with a fork and a knife and a napkin.

因为他们想要的东西可以用勺子吃，但他们可能应该用叉子、刀和餐巾纸卷起来。

And I remember I came back to collect them, because we needed them, and give them actual roll-ups.

我记得我回来收集它们，因为我们需要它们，并给它们实际的卷起来。

And a woman slapped my hand away and said, we need those.

一个女人拍开我的手说，我们需要那些。

And I was like, I'm giving you roll-ups, actual silverware.

我当时想，我给你的是卷轴，真正的银器。

And she looked at her friend.

她看着她的朋友。

She was like [SIGH].

她就像[叹息]。

Like, this girl.

比如，这个女孩。

And she rolled her eyes and continued to talk to the woman.

她翻了个白眼，继续和女人说话。

And it was just a reminder that like, I am not a human to her.

这只是提醒我，对她来说我不是人。

I have never been a person to her.

我对她来说从来就不是一个人。

I am just someone out of her world that doesn't deserve to be treated like a human being.

我只是她世界之外的一个人，不值得被当作一个人来对待。

Shelly got it.

雪莉明白了。

This too was routine.

这也是例行公事。

It came along with the $25 tips.

它附带了 25 美元的小费。

I mean, amongst the servers, no one would be shocked to hear that.

我的意思是，在服务器中，没有人听到这个消息会感到震惊。

It's very common.

这很常见。

And it felt worth it to you.

对你来说这是值得的。

Shelly Ortiz Yeah.

雪莉·奥尔蒂斯 是的。

I would just think that I got her money, I got paid.

我只是认为我得到了她的钱，我得到了报酬。

So she's just another person that I don't have to think about after this.

所以她只是另一个我在此之后不必再去想的人。

And at the end of my shift, I'd be able to go home.

轮班结束后，我就可以回家了。

I'd be able to hug my girlfriend.

我可以拥抱我的女朋友。

It became like a disassociation.

这变得就像一种分离。

Like, this is not me.

就像，这不是我。

This is just this person who is serving, and you're going to take home this money.

这就是这个在服务的人，你要把这笔钱带回家。

Take home the money.

把钱带回家。

She honed this skill to disassociate.

她磨练了这种分离的能力。

She could shake off whatever was thrown at her.

她可以摆脱扔给她的任何东西。

Shelly would collect the cash from the table and move on.

雪莉会从桌子上拿起现金然后继续前进。

The mayor of Phoenix declared a state of emergency on March 17, 2020.

凤凰城市长于2020年3月17日宣布进入紧急状态。

Shelly's restaurant closed briefly.

雪莉的餐厅短暂关闭。

But soon after, restaurants were declared essential services in Arizona and reopened for takeout and delivery.

但不久之后，亚利桑那州的餐馆被宣布为基本服务，并重新开放提供外卖和送货服务。

But Shelly hung back.

但雪莉却犹豫不决。

Her dad was sick, recovering from a heart attack.

她的父亲病了，正在从心脏病发作中恢复过来。

And her mom is a nurse who was treating patients with COVID.

她的妈妈是一名护士，正在治疗新冠肺炎患者。

Shelly was too scared.

雪莉太害怕了。

She told me she didn't want to apply for unemployment, because she's Puerto Rican, and she just had a sense that that kind of thing never happened for people like her.

她告诉我她不想申请失业金，因为她是波多黎各人，她只是有一种感觉，这种事情从来没有发生在像她这样的人身上。

By May, restaurants in Arizona were serving people in person, and Shelly had to go back.

到了五月，亚利桑那州的餐馆开始亲自为人们服务，雪莉不得不回去。

She was still very nervous.

她还是很紧张。

I was double masking before it was even a thing.

在它成为一件事之前我就已经双重屏蔽了。

I bought fake glasses to protect my eyes.

我买了假眼镜来保护我的眼睛。

I would only really take off my mask to drink water, and I would only drink water in the bathroom where I was alone.

我只会真正摘下口罩去喝水，而且只会在我一个人的浴室里喝水。

That's the only time I would ever get it-- and that was long shifts.

那是我唯一一次得到它——而且是长时间轮班。

I was really scared.

我真的很害怕。

Meanwhile, she still had her routines.

与此同时，她仍然有她的日常生活。

She was doing all the things she'd done thousands of times before.

她正在做以前已经做过数千次的所有事情。

Welcome the customer, explain the specials, carry the plates, deliver the drinks.

欢迎顾客、解释特色菜、端盘子、送饮料。

And I was just kind of waiting for that shitty thing to happen.

我只是在等待那件糟糕的事情发生。

I would have people ask me like, pull down your mask.

我会让人们问我，比如，摘下你的面具。

I want to see how much to tip you.

我想看看给你多少小费。

Pull down your mask, I want to see how much to tip you?

摘下你的面具，我想看看给你多少小费？

They would want to see how pretty I was before they tipped me.

他们在给我小费之前会想看看我有多漂亮。

Was that a thing that happened frequently, that people would ask you to pull down your mask?

人们要求你摘下面具的事情是不是经常发生？

Yeah.

是的。

That happened probably about every week.

这种事大概每周都会发生。

Pull down your mask so I can make sure you're smiling.

摘下你的面具，这样我就能确定你在微笑。

Pull down your mask so-- or like, why are we still wearing masks?

摘下你的面具，或者说，为什么我们还戴着面具？

Do you have to wear a mask?

必须戴口罩吗？

It was always about like, either why am I wearing one, or can I see your face?

它总是关于这样的问题，要么我为什么戴着它，要么我能看到你的脸吗？

Yeah.

是的。

So I can know you're smiling, so I can know if you're pretty.

这样我就可以知道你在微笑，这样我就可以知道你是否漂亮。

[LAUGHS] Which is so stupid.

[笑]这太愚蠢了。

[LAUGHS] It's like, god, who gives a fuck if I'm pretty?

[笑]这就好像，上帝，谁在乎我是否漂亮？

Can I just serve you your food?

我可以只为您提供食物吗？

I'm sure that wasn't the first time that customers were assessing the way that you looked.

我确信这不是顾客第一次评估你的外表。

But did it feel different to have it stated so baldly?

但如此直白地表达出来，感觉有什么不同吗？

Yeah.

是的。

So I'm 4 foot 9.

所以我身高 4 英尺 9 英寸。

I'm very short.

我很矮。

And I have very big breasts for my frame.

而且对于我的身材来说，我的胸部非常大。

It's unavoidable.

这是不可避免的。

I'm very small, I have big boobs.

我很小，但我的胸部很大。

And usually, like-- I'm really cute.

通常，就像——我真的很可爱。

So it's easy to just understand that people are going to be checking me out.

所以很容易理解人们会关注我。

I would have comments before.

我之前会发表评论。

But I think when the pandemic hit, it hit harder, because I they wanted me to risk my safety so that they could see if I was cute.

但我认为，当大流行来袭时，打击会更严重，因为他们希望我冒着生命危险，这样他们就能看看我是否可爱。

Something I heard from a lot of people I talked to about working through a pandemic, people in all sorts of jobs, they said they felt like they were in a movie, that one of the strangest parts was how much did not change.

我从很多人那里听到了关于如何应对大流行的事情，从事各种工作的人，他们说他们感觉自己就像在电影中一样，最奇怪的部分之一是有多少没有改变。

It was uncanny, the way good science fiction is uncanny.

这太不可思议了，就像优秀的科幻小说一样不可思议。

It looks like normal life, but something big is off.

看似正常的生活，却发生了大事。

And the parts of the job that have not changed just make the parts that feel off stand out even more.

而工作中没有改变的部分只会让感觉不舒服的部分更加突出。

I was serving a Saturday night, and it was a really busy shift.

我在周六晚上服务，那是一个非常忙碌的轮班。

I was outside, and I was serving this couple.

我当时在外面，正在为这对夫妇服务。

And they were really needy.

他们真的很需要帮助。

That wasn't very rare, especially at a restaurant like this where you're paying good money for food and drink.

这种情况并不罕见，尤其是在像这样的餐厅，你要花很多钱购买食物和饮料。

But at the end of the shift, the gentleman-- it was a gentleman and his wife, older gentleman and his wife.

但在轮班结束时，这位绅士——这是一位绅士和他的妻子，年长的绅士和他的妻子。

And he asked me to pull down my mask, so he could see if the bottom part of my face was as cute as the top.

他让我把面具拉下来，这样他就能看看我脸的底部是不是和上面一样可爱。

And I said I couldn't.

我说我不能。

And then when I said I couldn't, he said that because he couldn't focus on my face, he was forced to focus on my breasts.

然后当我说我不能时，他说因为他无法专注于我的脸，所以他被迫专注于我的胸部。

Whoa.

哇哦。

Shelly Ortiz And his wife was sitting right across from him.

雪莉·奥尔蒂斯（Shelly Ortiz）和他的妻子就坐在他对面。

And I looked at her for any sort of response.

我看着她，寻找任何回应。

And she just kind of gave me a blank stare in return.

她只是回以茫然的眼神。

He said it almost like, matter-of-factly.

他说得几乎是实事求是。

He was like, well, if I can't look at your face, I'm forced to look at your breasts.

他说，好吧，如果我不能看你的脸，我就不得不看你的胸部。

And it was just disgusting.

这太恶心了。

It just sucked, which is like, great.

它只是很糟糕，这就像，太棒了。

Awesome.

惊人的。

Now I'm-- I think mostly during the pandemic, my self-worth was so low.

现在我——我认为在大流行期间，我的自我价值感非常低。

I felt really disposable, obviously being objectified all the time, because half my face was covered up.

我感觉自己真的是一次性的，显然一直被物化，因为我的半张脸被遮住了。

And I tried to make it work.

我试图让它发挥作用。

But I wasn't adjusting the way my coworkers were.

但我并没有调整我同事的方式。

And I felt really disposable.

我感觉自己真的是一次性的。

And I just felt like another person who was destined to get sick.

我只是觉得自己像另一个注定要生病的人。

And it would just be another stat.

这只是另一个统计数据。

I've never felt that way before.

我以前从未有过这样的感觉。

It was like the pandemic and risking your life and not feeling of camaraderie with your teammates anymore, because it really didn't feel like anyone was taking it as seriously as me.

就像流行病一样，你冒着生命危险，与队友之间不再有友情，因为真的感觉没有人像我一样认真对待它。

And then I started questioning if I'm this crazy person.

然后我开始怀疑我是不是这个疯子。

And I started questioning my anxiety, and then my anxiety got worse.

我开始质疑自己的焦虑，然后我的焦虑变得更糟。

And the anxiety and the anger got so high.

焦虑和愤怒变得如此之高。

But I felt like I was not adjusting the way my coworkers adjusted.

但我觉得我没有像同事们那样进行调整。

I feel like people who had to work during the pandemic adopted this disassociation, and I couldn't.

我觉得在大流行期间必须工作的人们接受了这种分离，而我却不能。

I couldn't separate it.

我无法将它分开。

Why couldn't she?

为什么她不能？

Shelly spent so much time on this question.

雪莉在这个问题上花了很多时间。

Why couldn't she disassociate as she'd done for years when a customer slapped her hand or yelled or talked about her body?

为什么她不能像多年来当顾客打她的手、大喊大叫或谈论她的身体时那样脱离关系？

Her coworkers were going out to karaoke after work.

她的同事下班后出去唱卡拉 OK。

Her customers were out with friends and family catching up.

她的顾客出去了，朋友和家人也在闲聊。

I remember one time, a woman had a comment card.

我记得有一次，一位女士有一张评论卡。

And she left it for me.

她把它留给了我。

And it said, thanks for making things feel normal.

它说，谢谢你让事情变得正常。

With a smiley face.

带着笑脸。

And I was livid.

我很生气。

I was like, things are not normal.

我当时想，事情不正常。

This is not normal.

这是不正常的。

I'm risking my life to serve you a margarita, and it's not normal.

我冒着生命危险为你奉上一杯玛格丽塔酒，这不正常。

I don't want to contribute to this fantasy that a pandemic isn't happening right now.

我不想助长这种目前尚未发生大流行的幻想。

That's really interesting.

这真的很有趣。

So she was trying to give you a compliment.

所以她是想恭维你。

Like--

就像——

Yeah, and-- Chana Joffe-Walt --you did a good job.

是的，还有——Chana Joffe-Walt——你做得很好。

I understand that it was coming from a kind place.

我知道它来自一个善良的地方。

But thousands of people are dying right down the road at the hospital.

但数以千计的人正在医院的路边死去。

And I'm here serving your margarita, because I have to.

我在这里为您奉上玛格丽塔酒，因为我必须这样做。

Because I have to live.

因为我必须生活。

And it was just such an intense moment for me of realization that like, this is what I'm here to do.

这对我来说是一个如此强烈的时刻，我意识到这就是我来这里要做的事情。

I'm here to create a fantasy that things aren't as bad as they are.

我来这里是为了创造一个幻想，认为事情并没有那么糟糕。

And they are.

他们确实如此。

What is essential about restaurants?

开餐馆最重要的是什么？

Sure, they provide jobs, food, but so do grocery stores.

当然，他们提供工作、食物，但杂货店也是如此。

This was a health crisis.

这是一场健康危机。

Doctors, nurses-- sure, essential.

医生、护士——当然，必不可少。

But what is essential about an Asian fusion place in downtown Phoenix?

但凤凰城市中心的亚洲融合场所最重要的是什么？

All these things we suddenly started calling essential services, this wasn't some long-held, agreed-upon category.

我们突然开始将所有这些东西称为基本服务，这不是什么长期持有的、商定的类别。

We just made all this up very recently.

这一切都是我们最近才编出来的。

And even then, it was pretty random.

即便如此，这也是相当随机的。

There was federal guidance on what services should be essential, but most states didn't follow the guidance.

对于哪些服务应该是必要的有联邦指导，但大多数州没有遵循该指导。

They either came up with their own list of essential services, or they had no guidance.

他们要么提出自己的基本服务清单，要么没有任何指导。

So if you had a liquor store in Pennsylvania, you were not essential.

因此，如果您在宾夕法尼亚州有一家酒类商店，那么您就不是必需品。

But in New Jersey, you were.

但在新泽西，你是。

Construction workers, that was a controversial one in a number of states.

建筑工人，这在许多州都是一个有争议的问题。

Essential or not essential?

必要还是非必要？

And then there are the ones that have a particularly local flavor, like flower shops.

还有一些特别有地方风味的，比如花店。

They were essential in Delaware.

它们在特拉华州是必不可少的。

And in Arizona, golf courses, essential-- also restaurants.

在亚利桑那州，高尔夫球场是必不可少的，还有餐馆。

So Shelly's restaurant was open, and millions of restaurant workers performed their normal daily routines through a pandemic.

于是雪莉的餐厅就开张了，数以百万计的餐厅工作人员在疫情期间继续正常的日常生活。

Why?

为什么？

What essential service did they provide?

他们提供了哪些基本服务？

Was this it?

是这个吗？

Restaurants were essential because they helped make things feel normal?

餐馆之所以重要是因为它们能让事情变得正常？

Once Shelly thought about her job this way-- she was to continue doing all the things she'd always done, she was essential so that other people could feel normal-- it was too much for her.

一旦雪莉以这种方式思考她的工作——她要继续做她一直在做的所有事情，她是必不可少的，这样其他人才能感觉正常——这对她来说太过分了。

The tradeoff she'd been making in her head, $25 tips in exchange for some long hours, some crap from customers, that tradeoff fell apart.

The tradeoff she'd been making in her head, $25 tips in exchange for some long hours, some crap from customers, that tradeoff fell apart.

She didn't want to be paid for the fantasy anymore.

她不想再为幻想付出代价了。

A few weeks later, a coworker was exposed to COVID, and Shelly walked out of the restaurant.

几周后，一名同事感染了新冠病毒，雪莉走出了餐厅。

And then I never went back.

然后我就再也没有回去过。

Chana Joffe-Walt Oh, that was the end for you.

查纳·乔夫-沃尔特 哦，这就是你的结局。

Yeah, yeah.

是啊是啊。

Chana Joffe-Walt Shelly got unemployment, then picked up some film jobs, went back to school for film.

查娜·乔菲-沃尔特·雪莉失业了，然后找到了一些电影工作，回到学校拍电影。

She told me now she doesn't think she could ever go back to serving, even after the pandemic.

She told me now she doesn't think she could ever go back to serving, even after the pandemic.

Do you feel like the actual job changed, or do you think it's that you changed?

你觉得实际工作发生了变化，还是你认为是你自己发生了变化？

Like, has it become ugly, or was it always ugly?

比如，它变得丑陋了，还是一直丑陋？

Yeah, I think that I changed more than the job changed.

是的，我认为我的改变比工作的改变还要多。

There's always been a certain amount of ugly that's been in the restaurant industry, especially-- sexual harassment has always been there.

餐饮业一直存在一定数量的丑陋现象，尤其是性骚扰一直存在。

Verbal harassment has always been there.

言语骚扰一直存在。

But it was like seeing it for the first time with new eyes.

但这就像第一次用新的眼睛看到它一样。

I saw a lack of kindness and courtesy, and it was constant.

我看到人们缺乏仁慈和礼貌，而且这种情况一直存在。

Yeah.

是的。

It's almost like people put on COVID goggles.

这几乎就像人们戴上新冠病毒护目镜一样。

And wearing the COVID goggles, they started to see their job differently.

戴上新冠护目镜后，他们开始以不同的方式看待自己的工作。

Mm-hmm.

嗯嗯。

I definitely saw my job differently with my COVID goggles for sure.

戴上新冠护目镜后，我对工作的看法肯定会有所不同。

That is what made it really ugly for me.

这就是它对我来说真的很难看的原因。

Here's the image I have in my mind hearing Shelly talk about where she's at right now.

这是我听到雪莉谈论她现在的处境时脑海中浮现的画面。

I picture all the governors and mayors and council members sitting down to make their lists of essential services-- hospitals, grocery stores, restaurants, golf courses.

我想象所有的州长、市长和议会成员都坐下来列出基本服务清单——医院、杂货店、餐馆、高尔夫球场。

And I picture Shelly doing the same.

我想象雪莉也会做同样的事情。

She's making her own list of all the things she considers essential-- her life, her health, her self-worth.

她正在为自己列出所有她认为重要的事情——她的生活、她的健康、她的自我价值。

And she's crossing off an item at the very bottom of her list, a $25 tip.

她划掉了清单最底部的一项，即 25 美元的小费。

Coming up, quitters and the people who love them.

接下来，戒烟者和爱他们的人。

That's in a minute from Chicago Public Radio when our program continues.

芝加哥公共广播电台一分钟后我们的节目仍在继续。

It's This American Life.

这就是美国生活。

I'm Chana Joffe-Walt, sitting in for Ira Glass.

我是查娜·乔夫-沃尔特 (Chana Joffe-Walt)，代理艾拉·格拉斯 (Ira Glass)。

This week's show, we are talking to essential workers about what happened inside their jobs over the last year and a half, things nobody else knows.

本周的节目中，我们将与重要工作人员谈论过去一年半他们工作中发生的事情，而其他人不知道这些事情。

And we are marking these experiences down for posterity.

我们正在为子孙后代记下这些经历。

So that as we move into the bright and quickly darkening future, we will do so with a shared understanding of what we have just been through.

因此，当我们进入光明和迅速黑暗的未来时，我们将对我们刚刚经历的事情有共同的理解。

So far, we have 415 coffins, 3 bottles of Joy, and a $25 tip.

到目前为止，我们有 415 个棺材、3 瓶 Joy 和 25 美元的小费。

We're going to be adding more to that list.

我们将在该列表中添加更多内容。

And we will see what happens when people take stock one by one and wind up making some choices they never expected to make.

我们将会看到当人们一一盘点并最终做出一些他们从未预料到的选择时会发生什么。

That's what the second half of the show is about, quitters and the people they quit on.

That's what the second half of the show is about, quitters and the people they quit on.

A record number of people are quitting their jobs, and they are all quitting on Miss Jordyn Rossingol.

辞职人数创历史新高，而他们都是因为乔丁·罗辛戈尔小姐而辞职。

That's how it feels to her, anyway, which brings us to our next act, Teacher Number Four.

无论如何，这就是她的感受，这让我们进入了下一幕，四号老师。

Miss Jordyn's Child Development Center in northern Maine has lost 23 teachers since the pandemic began.

自疫情爆发以来，缅因州北部乔丁小姐儿童发展中心已失去 23 名教师。

23.

23.

Most years, Miss Jordyn told me herself, maybe one or two teachers leave.

乔丁小姐亲自告诉我，大多数时候，也许会有一两个老师离开。

So that's our next number for our ledger, 23.

这就是我们账本的下一个数字：23。

23 disappearing teachers.

23名失踪教师。

Miss Jordyn says the first teacher, she left right away, March 2020.

Miss Jordyn says the first teacher, she left right away, March 2020.

She was scared of germy kids.

她害怕带细菌的孩子。

Then another went in April, a third in May.

然后四月又发生了一次，五月发生了第三次。

They left for other jobs.

他们离开去寻找其他工作。

And then in June, Miss Jordyn says, was teacher number 4.

And then in June, Miss Jordyn says, was teacher number 4.

Shania.

仙妮亚.

Ah, Shania was hands-down, the best teacher I've ever had in this program, ever.

啊，仙妮亚无疑是我在这个项目中遇到过的最好的老师。

I could talk for hours about Shania.

我可以花几个小时谈论仙妮亚。

Finding good teachers and then keeping them-- this has always been a problem in early childhood education.

找到好老师并留住好老师——这一直是幼儿教育的一个难题。

It's one of those areas that was already a bruise, and the pandemic came and just stomped on it until the bone was broken too.

It's one of those areas that was already a bruise, and the pandemic came and just stomped on it until the bone was broken too.

For Miss Jordan, teacher number 4, Shania Bell, that felt like the break.

对于乔丹小姐、四号老师仙妮亚·贝尔来说，这感觉就像是一次突破。

She can't get over it.

她无法克服它。

And she's not joking about how much time she can spend lamenting this particular loss.

她并不是在开玩笑，她可以花多少时间来哀悼这一特殊的损失。

Shania's ideas were fresh, she tells me.

仙妮亚告诉我，她的想法很新鲜。

Her discipline was fair.

她的纪律是公平的。

Her lesson plans were thought-out.

她的课程计划是经过深思熟虑的。

She was reliable, she was a fun coworker.

她很可靠，是一个有趣的同事。

In meetings, when we'd have staff meetings, I would say, OK, your voice, I want you to have Shania voice, where they could be firm, but their voice was happy.

在会议上，当我们召开员工会议时，我会说，好吧，你的声音，我希望你有仙妮亚的声音，他们可以很坚定，但他们的声音很高兴。

In the morning, when you drop off your child, you want to hear, good morning, my friends.

In the morning, when you drop off your child, you want to hear, good morning, my friends.

Just like, oh.

就像，哦。

Good morning.

早上好。

How are you doing?

你好吗？

Let's go.

我们走吧。

Get in.

进去吧。

Come on.

来吧。

Oh.

哦。

I know you're crying.

我知道你在哭。

Let's go.

我们走吧。

Just short.

只是很短。

We had some teachers in the past who were just short.

We had some teachers in the past who were just short.

Come on, you're a big kid.

来吧，你是个大孩子了。

Let's go.

我们走吧。

None of that.

都不是。

Like, no good morning, my sweet girl.

就像，早上好，我可爱的女孩。

Good morning, friends.

早上好，朋友们。

She did this calm-down method, because toddlers, toddlers get mad.

She did this calm-down method, because toddlers, toddlers get mad.

And they don't know why they're mad all the time.

And they don't know why they're mad all the time.

And they're impulsive.

而且他们很冲动。

And they want to bite or hit or run away.

他们想要咬人、打人、或者逃跑。

And she told them to blow up a balloon.

她告诉他们吹气球。

And they would put their hands over their head while taking a deep breath, and they would hold it there like a balloon over their head.

And they would put their hands over their head while taking a deep breath, and they would hold it there like a balloon over their head.

And then they would slowly let the air out and they would just go, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh.

And then they would slowly let the air out and they would just go, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh.

And they would sit by themselves.

他们会自己坐着。

And she made a little balloon corner, is what she called it.

And she made a little balloon corner, is what she called it.

And they still do it.

他们仍然这样做。

I'll still say-- even my own daughter, Monroe.

我仍然会说——即使是我自己的女儿梦露。

Monroe, I need you to do three balloons, please.

门罗，我需要你做三个气球。

And she'll take her three deep breaths.

她会深吸三口气。

[INHALES] Puh, puh, puh, puh, puh.

[吸气] 噗，噗，噗，噗，噗。

And she'll release them and they're calm.

她会释放他们，他们就会平静下来。

So, yeah.

所以，是的。

It's just-- she has a gift.

只是——她有天赋。

She has a gift, just amazing.

她有一份天赋，真是太棒了。

Amazing.

惊人的。

Like, you can't teach it.

就像，你无法教它。

See what I mean?

明白我的意思吗？

When Miss Jordyn conceived of her early childhood center in her hometown, babies to kindergarten, she could picture it in her mind.

When Miss Jordyn conceived of her early childhood center in her hometown, babies to kindergarten, she could picture it in her mind.

But she says it wasn't until Shania showed up a couple of years ago, and she got to see her in a real classroom, that's when Miss Jordyn felt like, this is going to work.

但她说，直到几年前仙妮亚出现，她在真正的教室里见到她，乔丁小姐才觉得，这会起作用。

Shania told me for her, when she walked into Miss Jordyn's center, 21 years old, she was nervous in a way she had not been before.

Shania told me for her, when she walked into Miss Jordyn's center, 21 years old, she was nervous in a way she had not been before.

Because she felt like, this is it.

因为她觉得，就是这样了。

This is the job I actually care about, and I don't want to mess it up.

This is the job I actually care about, and I don't want to mess it up.

And she did love the job.

她确实喜欢这份工作。

But then--

但接下来——

2020 hit, and COVID hit.

2020 年来了，新冠疫情来袭。

And for a little while, a lot of our kiddos weren't coming to school.

And for a little while, a lot of our kiddos weren't coming to school.

And I was nervous, like, are we going to have to close?

And I was nervous, like, are we going to have to close?

Am I not going to be getting paid for a little while?

Am I not going to be getting paid for a little while?

I don't know.

我不知道。

There was just a lot of uncertainty.

存在很多不确定性。

There was the time the owner, Miss Jordyn, asked everyone to hold off on getting paid, and their paychecks came in late.

There was the time the owner, Miss Jordyn, asked everyone to hold off on getting paid, and their paychecks came in late.

And the time Shania was pretty sure her paycheck came from Miss Jordyn's personal bank account.

And the time Shania was pretty sure her paycheck came from Miss Jordyn's personal bank account.

Shania began to feel like, wait, is there no cushion in this business?

Shania began to feel like, wait, is there no cushion in this business?

She'd never really thought about the business side of things before.

She'd never really thought about the business side of things before.

But once she started to, she started to have some doubts.

But once she started to, she started to have some doubts.

When a friend posted about a job at the local hardware store, Shania applied.

When a friend posted about a job at the local hardware store, Shania applied.

Then she had to tell Miss Jordan.

然后她必须告诉乔丹小姐。

So she came in my office and shut the door.

于是她来到我的办公室并关上了门。

And I knew that was bad when she shut the door.

当她关上门时我知道这很糟糕。

This is Miss Jordyn again.

这又是乔丁小姐。

Jordyn Rossingol And she just started crying.

Jordyn Rossingol 她开始哭了。

And she like, I was offered a job.

她喜欢，我得到了一份工作。

That was the first time I ever cried when someone gave me their notice.

That was the first time I ever cried when someone gave me their notice.

I just lost it.

我刚刚把它弄丢了。

[INAUDIBLE]

[听不清]

You started crying?

你开始哭了吗？

Jordyn Rossingol Yeah, instantly.

乔丁·罗辛戈尔 是的，马上。

Yeah.

是的。

And she was just crying.

而她只是在哭。

She was like, Jordyn, I can't pay my bills.

她说，乔丁，我付不起账单。

I can't afford to work here.

我负担不起在这里工作的费用。

This is obvious, but deserves saying anyway.

这是显而易见的，但无论如何还是值得一说。

So many of the people we call essential workers do not make a lot of money.

So many of the people we call essential workers do not make a lot of money.

They're overwhelmingly low-wage workers.

他们绝大多数是低薪工人。

About half the people in this country who make less than $15 an hour work in fields we now call essential.

About half the people in this country who make less than $15 an hour work in fields we now call essential.

So you can be the very best at running the grill or cleaning the office building or managing rude customers at the restaurant, you can be the star teacher, teacher number 4, Shania, and still only make an average of $11 or $12 an hour-- and no health care.

因此，你可以成为最擅长经营烧烤、清洁办公楼或管理餐厅粗鲁顾客的人，你可以成为明星老师、四号老师仙妮亚，但仍然平均每小时赚 11 美元或 12 美元，而且没有医疗保健。

Miss Jordyn barely makes enough from tuition to cover her expenses.

乔丁小姐的学费勉强够支付她的开支。

But she's reluctant to raise rates on families, because she knows many parents can't afford to pay.

但她不愿意提高家庭的费用，因为她知道许多父母付不起费用。

And she knows from experience that if she goes too high, families are going to pull their kids all together.

And she knows from experience that if she goes too high, families are going to pull their kids all together.

When Shania talked to Miss Jordyn-- and when she talked to me-- about leaving her job, she could not bring herself to say the word quit.

When Shania talked to Miss Jordyn-- and when she talked to me-- about leaving her job, she could not bring herself to say the word quit.

She told Miss Jordyn, I have to get done.

她告诉乔丁小姐，我必须完成任务。

I knew that she was going to try everything to pay me more.

I knew that she was going to try everything to pay me more.

But I knew that everything she was trying to do possibly wasn't going to work out in the end, just because she really couldn't afford to do that.

但我知道她所做的一切最终可能都不会成功，因为她真的负担不起。

And you knew that.

你知道这一点。

Shania Bell Yeah, and I knew that.

仙妮亚·贝尔 是的，我知道这一点。

And I understood.

我明白了。

Miss Jordyn did do all those things.

乔丁小姐确实做了所有这些事情。

She pleaded, we'll figure something out.

她恳求说，我们会想办法的。

Just give me more time.

只要给我更多的时间。

And she tried a technique that I think is maybe only applicable in a small town.

And she tried a technique that I think is maybe only applicable in a small town.

When Shania said where she was going, Miss Jordyn shook her head.

当仙妮亚说她要去哪里时，乔丁小姐摇了摇头。

I said you're going to hate it.

我说你会讨厌的。

[LAUGHS]

[笑]

You told her that?

你告诉她了？

Jordyn Rossingol I said-- yeah.

我说乔丁·罗辛戈尔——是的。

I was like, I love you, and I want you to be happy, but you're going to hate it.

我当时想，我爱你，我希望你快乐，但你会讨厌它。

And I know the boss and the owner of it.

我认识它的老板和主人。

And I said he won't love you the way I love you.

我说他不会像我爱你那样爱你。

I'll tell you that.

我会告诉你的。

And she's like, I know.

她就像，我知道。

I know.

我知道。

And I also thought like, she's going to hate that.

我还想，她会讨厌这样的。

She's going to come back.

她会回来的。

So Shania left, and Miss Jordyn waited for her to return.

于是仙妮亚就离开了，乔丁小姐等着她回来。

In the early child care world, there were two somewhat distinct phases of the pandemic.

在早期儿童保育领域，这场流行病有两个不同的阶段。

There was the beginning, in which child care centers lost money, even as their work became labeled essential.

一开始，儿童保育中心赔钱，尽管他们的工作被贴上了“必不可少的标签”。

And then there's this moment now, where what was already a chronic problem of teacher turnover has become so much worse, because the industry can't compete.

而现在，教师流失这一长期存在的问题变得更加严重，因为这个行业无法竞争。

Places like Walmart, Home Depot, FedEx, grocery store chains like Kroger kept making money over the pandemic.

沃尔玛、家得宝、联邦快递等地方，以及克罗格等杂货连锁店在疫情期间继续赚钱。

Amazon made record profits.

亚马逊利润创历史新高。

Child care centers did not.

儿童保育中心没有。

So teachers are leaving for jobs at Amazon or Dunkin' Donuts or grocery stores that can pay them more and sometimes give them health benefits.

因此，教师们纷纷前往亚马逊、邓肯甜甜圈或杂货店工作，这些工作可以给他们更高的工资，有时还能给他们带来健康福利。

A woman in Ohio who owns a child care center told me, even the amusement parks can pay better than we can right now.

俄亥俄州一位拥有儿童保育中心的女士告诉我，即使是游乐园也能比我们现在支付更高的费用。

When Miss Jordyn lost Shania, teacher number 4 of 23, she allowed a thought that has been sitting uncomfortably to the forefront ever since.

当乔丁小姐失去了 23 名老师中的第 4 号老师仙妮亚 (Shania) 时，她承认了一个从那时起就一直令人不安的想法。

What if I can never keep someone like Shania?

如果我永远留不住像仙妮亚这样的人怎么办？

What if no one ever believes this is valuable?

如果没有人相信这是有价值的怎么办？

I feel like I'm constantly trying to prove myself that what I'm doing is important.

我觉得我一直在努力证明自己，我所做的事情很重要。

I have a college degree in education.

我拥有教育学大学学位。

People don't know.

人们不知道。

People don't know what we do.

人们不知道我们在做什么。

Like, how could it cost so much?

试问，怎么会花这么多钱？

Aren't you guys just like, coloring and eating goldfish all day with them?

你们不是喜欢整天和他们一起给金鱼上色、吃金鱼吗？

Like, no. No.

就像，不。不。

I make lesson plans for every single classroom, infant up to the school-age program.

我为每个教室制定课程计划，从婴儿到学龄课程。

There's so many regulations that we have to follow.

有很多规定我们必须遵守。

There's a schedule.

有一个时间表。

There's a meal plan.

有一个膳食计划。

There's trainings that my staff have to do.

我的员工必须接受培训。

We run this like a school.

我们像学校一样管理它。

The only difference is that there's no public funding for us.

唯一的区别是我们没有公共资金。

Why is it that essential workers happen to be some of the lowest paid workers in the country?

为什么重要工人恰好是该国工资最低的工人之一？

How could a job that is so valuable be paid so little?

如此有价值的工作怎么能得到这么少的报酬呢？

There are some standard explanations you will hear.

您会听到一些标准解释。

Many essential jobs do not require extra credentials or a lot of education.

许多重要的工作不需要额外的证书或大量的教育。

There's a lot of available labor to do these jobs.

有大量可用劳动力来完成这些工作。

In other words, they are low-paid because they are, quote, "low-skilled" jobs.

换句话说，他们的工资很低，因为他们是“低技能”工作。

But also, one thing that unites this broad category of low-paid essential jobs, and almost everyone you've heard from in this show, is not the kind of work they're doing, but who is doing it-- Black people, Latino people, immigrants, women, and all the people who cover more than one of those categories.

而且，将这一广泛的低薪基本工作类别与你在本剧中听到的几乎所有人联系在一起的一件事不是他们正在做的工作类型，而是是谁在做这件事——黑人、拉丁裔、移民、女性，以及所有涵盖其中一个以上类别的人。

95% of child care workers are women-- white women, like Shania and Miss Jordyn, and many women of color.

95% 的儿童保育员是女性——像仙妮亚和乔丹小姐这样的白人女性，以及许多有色人种女性。

Almost half of child care workers are people of color.

几乎一半的儿童保育员是有色人种。

The field is much more racially and linguistically diverse than K through 12 teachers.

这个领域比 K 到 12 年级的教师在种族和语言上更加多样化。

And the people in it make much less money.

而里面的人赚的钱就少得多。

The pandemic gave child care an official stamp of essentialness in this singular moment in history when it is more clear than it has ever been and may ever be again that schools and child care are essential to the functioning of literally everything.

在这个特殊的历史时刻，这场大流行病给儿童保育打上了重要的官方印记，人们比以往任何时候都更加清楚，并且可能会再次明确，学校和儿童保育对于几乎所有事物的运作都至关重要。

But Miss Jordyn's work and the people doing that work may never be valued enough for her to secure more funding or for her to get Shania back.

但乔丁小姐的工作和从事这项工作的人可能永远不会受到足够的重视，无法让她获得更多资金或让仙妮亚回来。

Miss Jordyn and Shania live in a town of 8,000 people.

乔丁小姐和仙妮亚住在一个有 8000 人的小镇里。

So when Shania left, she went all the way to a job across the street.

所以仙妮亚离开后，就一路去街对面找工作。

She parks in the same spot she did when she worked at Miss Jordyn's.

她把车停在她在乔丁小姐店工作时停过的地方。

Miss Jordyn told me, I see her all the time.

乔丁小姐告诉我，我一直看到她。

She came by like, every day after work, her first week over there.

她在那里的第一个星期，每天下班后都会过来。

And she was like, well, it's not the same.

她说，好吧，这不一样。

It's definitely not the same.

这绝对不一样。

She's like, I didn't think I was going to have to work Saturdays, and now I have to work every Saturday all summer.

她说，我原本以为我不需要周六工作，但现在我整个夏天每个周六都必须工作。

And I said, weird, your old boss never made you work a Saturday.

我说，奇怪的是，你的前老板从来没有让你周六工作。

[LAUGHTER]

[笑声]

Oh, Jordyn.

哦，乔丁。

Jordyn Rossingol Yeah.

乔丁·罗辛戈尔 是的。

So we'd tease each other about that and stuff.

所以我们会互相取笑这些事情。

And then she's come to have lunch with me a couple of times during her lunch break.

然后她在午休时间来和我一起吃过几次午餐。

The other day, I was working on a project, and I needed paint.

有一天，我正在做一个项目，我需要油漆。

I went over there.

我去了那里。

She was working behind the paint counter.

她在油漆柜台后面工作。

She mixed my paint for me.

她为我混合了颜料。

And as I watched her mix paint, I was like, I can't believe this is what you're doing.

当我看着她混合颜料时，我就想，我不敢相信这就是你在做的事情。

Like, you are so talented and so gifted and-- not that mixing paint isn't important.

就像，你是如此有才华，如此有天赋，而且——并不是说混合油漆不重要。

But like, that's what you're doing?

但就像，这就是你正在做的事情？

She has a gift that you can't teach.

她有一种你无法教的天赋。

It just kills me to watch her do something that is not what her gift is and her passion.

看着她做一些与她的天赋和热情无关的事情，我真的很伤心。

One thing economists will say about economic moments like this, when a lot of people are quitting their jobs, they'll say, it's a good thing.

对于像这样的经济时刻，当很多人辞职时，经济学家会说，这是一件好事。

High quits numbers equals optimism.

高退出率意味着乐观。

People are going back to school, they're going for that dream job.

人们正在重返校园，他们正在寻找梦想的工作。

People feel secure enough to look around a little for what they really want to do.

人们感到足够安全，可以四处看看他们真正想做的事情。

This is obviously not an example of that.

这显然不是一个例子。

This is an example of a market that does not work.

这是一个不起作用的市场的例子。

This is an example of a talented person who's drawn to a job that is essential that she's not doing, because it does not pay enough.

这是一个有才华的人被一项重要的工作所吸引而她却没有做的例子，因为它的报酬不够。

Act 4.

第四幕。

There are people who are quitting who are happy about it.

有些戒烟的人对此感到高兴。

There are people who are mad, confused about what they want.

有些人很疯狂，对自己想要的东西感到困惑。

Of course, there's the whole range.

当然，还有全系列。

One thing I found interesting is that for many people, there was often one moment that set things in motion for them a while back, some symbol of something just being off in their job.

我发现有趣的一件事是，对于许多人来说，常常有一个时刻让他们在不久前开始行动，这是他们工作中刚刚发生的事情的象征。

And then it's like, these symbols just sat next to them for months, kind of haunting them until they could not deal anymore.

然后就好像，这些符号就在他们旁边呆了几个月，一直困扰着他们，直到他们无法再处理为止。

They found themselves doing something they never planned to do.

他们发现自己正在做一些他们从未计划做的事情。

Sometimes that was quitting, but there were some other approaches as well.

有时这就是放弃，但也有其他一些方法。

So for our last story, I want to tell you about some of those symbols and then what happened next.

因此，对于我们的最后一个故事，我想告诉您其中一些符号以及接下来发生的事情。

Our last number-- it's also our biggest number in the whole show-- 12 million.

我们最后一个数字——也是我们整个节目中最大的数字——1200万。

Act 4, 12 Million Thank You Meals.

第四幕，一千二百万顿感谢餐。

This one I heard about from a guy in Flint, Michigan.

这是我从密歇根州弗林特的一个人那里听说的。

Flato is 61 years old.

弗拉托今年 61 岁。

He's a Black man, wakes up every morning at 4:00 AM, walks to work, McDonald's, opens the store, cooks sausage, eggs, pancakes.

他是一名黑人，每天早上 4:00 起床，步行去上班、去麦当劳、开店、煮香肠、鸡蛋、煎饼。

He's in the back on his own, sometimes for many hours.

他一个人在后面，有时一待就是好几个小时。

He doesn't mind.

他不介意。

He enjoys working alone.

他喜欢独自工作。

When he's at home, Flato will spend a lot of time helping out neighbors, removing snow, cutting grass.

当弗拉托在家时，他会花很多时间帮助邻居，除雪、割草。

He enjoys that too, although he did mention he's a person who sometimes has a hard time saying no.

他也很喜欢这样，尽管他确实提到他是一个有时很难拒绝的人。

When I asked Flato what the pandemic was like for him, that's when he started telling me about how last spring, McDonald's began offering free food, Egg McMuffins.

当我问弗拉托，这场流行病对他来说意味着什么时，他开始告诉我去年春天，麦当劳如何开始提供免费食品——鸡蛋松饼。

At first I seen the commercial.

一开始我看到的是广告。

And I'm like, wow, they're fitting to give away an egg muffin meal to essential workers.

我想，哇，他们向重要工作人员赠送鸡蛋松饼餐真是太合适了。

These are the most important meals we've ever served.

这些是我们吃过的最重要的饭菜。

Through May 5th, we'll be feeding first responders and health care workers Thank You Meals for free.

截至 5 月 5 日，我们将免费为急救人员和医护人员提供感谢餐。

Remember this?

还记得这个吗？

I realized watching a bunch of these commercials, I'd somehow forgotten how completely everyone threw themselves in to breathlessly praising essential workers, two words most of us had never heard used together before.

我意识到看了一堆这样的广告，我不知何故忘记了每个人是如何完全投入到气喘吁吁地赞扬重要的工作人员，我们大多数人以前从未听说过这两个词一起使用。

All of a sudden, they were everywhere.

突然之间，他们无处不在。

It's like we invented this category of worker to thank them.

就好像我们发明了这一类工人来感谢他们一样。

We'll be proudly feeding you Thank You Meals for free.

我们将自豪地免费为您提供感谢餐。

It's our honor to serve you.

为您服务是我们的荣幸。

Anyway, Flato saw that commercial and was like, oh, that'll be me serving you.

不管怎样，弗拉托看到了那个广告，然后就想，哦，那是我为你服务了。

And I'm like, oh, Lord, we fitting to get ready to be busy.

我想，哦，主啊，我们该准备好忙碌了。

That's my first thought.

这是我的第一个想法。

And the workers came, people from hospitals, nurses.

工作人员也来了，包括医院的人员、护士。

They came and got the food.

他们来拿食物了。

Now, I thought Flato was sharing this as a moment of pride, being part of this.

现在，我认为弗拉托正在分享这作为一个自豪的时刻，成为其中的一部分。

But no. This moment, handing out free Thank You Meals, it was the start of something for him.

但没有。这一刻，免费发放感谢餐对他来说是一个开始。

Well, to be honest with you, I didn't like it.

好吧，说实话，我不喜欢它。

I didn't understand it.

我不明白。

Because we here working, and you want to make some food and give it to somebody.

因为我们在这里工作，你想制作一些食物并将其送给某人。

We couldn't go nowhere and get nothing free.

我们不能哪儿也不去，也不能得到任何免费的东西。

You weren't getting the free food that was for the essential workers?

您没有获得为重要工作人员提供的免费食物吗？

Yeah.

是的。

So why you don't come up with something for us to have?

那你为什么不想出一些东西给我们呢？

McDonald's gave away 12 million Thank You Meals to frontline workers.

麦当劳向一线员工赠送了1200万份感谢餐。

After two weeks, they stopped, but not without putting out one more commercial.

两周后，他们停了下来，但还是又推出了一则广告。

It was an honor to meet you, an honor to thank you, and it was our honor to serve you.

很荣幸认识您，很荣幸感谢您，很荣幸为您服务。

Business went back to normal, but Flato kept returning to the experience in his mind.

生意恢复了正常，弗拉托的脑海里却不断回想起那段经历。

How much did that cost?

那花了多少钱？

All of a sudden, they have so much money for that?

突然之间，他们就有这么多钱了？

They was giving it-- giving free food away.

他们正在赠送——赠送免费食物。

If you got the audacity to waste millions of dollars on giving somebody some food, take some of that money and make a difference with one of us.

如果你有胆量浪费数百万美元给别人一些食物，那就拿出一些钱来为我们中的一个人带来改变。

You making a difference with other people, but you still ignoring your workers.

你为其他人带来了改变，但你仍然忽视了你的员工。

So I didn't understand it.

所以我没明白。

I guess that was probably one of their shareholders meeting to come up with that idea.

我想这可能是他们在一次股东大会上提出这个想法的。

Flato talked a lot about the shareholders for McDonald's, the big corporation, and also about the franchise owner, the people who own his McDonald's and about a dozen or so other stores.

弗拉托谈到了很多关于麦当劳这个大公司的股东，也谈到了特许经营权所有者、拥有他的麦当劳和大约十几家其他商店的人。

He says he barely saw them during the pandemic.

他说，在疫情期间他几乎没见过他们。

The higher-ups, they rarely came to the store.

高层们，很少来店里。

He'd always noticed it.

他一直都注意到这一点。

But handing out the Thank You Meals for health care workers, he noticed it more.

但在为医护人员分发感谢餐时，他注意到了更多。

You scratching your head like, wow.

你挠着头，哇。

No appreciation gets shown towards us.

没有对我们表现出任何赞赏。

Show some type of appreciation towards the ones that's doing some work.

对正在做某些工作的人表示某种形式的赞赏。

That's what I mean.

这就是我的意思。

It's not no jealous thing, it's common sense.

这不是什么嫉妒的事，这是常识。

It's like a show of unconcern.

这就像一种漠不关心的表现。

The feeling that you're describing, did that start in the last year for you?

你所描述的这种感觉是从去年开始的吗？

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

To be honest with you, you are 1,000% right.

老实说，你是1000%正确的。

It sure has.

确实有。

Come to the company and say good job.

来公司说干得好。

You guys are doing a good job.

你们做得很好。

I ain't heard that this year.

今年没听说过

Thank you all for coming to work during this time.

感谢大家这段时间来上班。

What would it have meant to you if you had?

如果你有的话，这对你意味着什么？

It would've meant a lot.

这意味着很多。

It would've been a very touching thing for somebody to let you know that they have the slightest respect for your life and your livelihood.

如果有人让你知道他们对你的生命和生计有丝毫的尊重，那将是一件非常感人的事情。

Because not showing-- a sense of unconcern to people, it's not a good feeling.

因为不表现出来——一种对人不关心的感觉，这不是一种好感觉。

It's like having a relative that won't speak to you.

就像有一个不会和你说话的亲戚一样。

It makes you sad.

这让你伤心。

I thought that was such a fitting way to describe something I'd heard from a lot of people who worked through the pandemic, a feeling that while they had no choice to come to work, the people who were making all the choices-- if they had to work, how much they'd get paid, how safe they'd be-- those people appeared completely indifferent-- callous, even, like a relative who won't speak to you.

我认为这是一个非常恰当的方式来描述我从许多经历过大流行的人那里听到的事情，一种感觉，虽然他们没有选择去上班，但那些做出所有选择的人——如果他们必须工作，他们会得到多少报酬，他们会多么安全——这些人看起来完全漠不关心——甚至冷酷无情，就像一个不会和你说话的亲戚。

A server at a pizza restaurant in Texas, Ashley Baker, told me the owner used to come in all the time.

德克萨斯州一家披萨店的服务员阿什利·贝克 (Ashley Baker) 告诉我，店主以前经常进来。

And then he vanished.

然后他就消失了。

He did.

他做到了。

He literally stopped coming to the restaurant.

他真的不再来餐厅了。

He literally just went AWOL.

他真的擅离职守了。

As soon as there was news saying that COVID was in El Paso, he literally disappeared.

当有消息称埃尔帕索出现新冠病毒时，他就消失了。

When he showed back up months later, they were all relieved to have someone in charge, to answer their questions.

几个月后，当他再次出现时，他们都松了口气，因为有人负责回答他们的问题。

But I do remember one thing that really struck a nerve with me was that he changed his vehicle to a Corvette.

但我确实记得一件真正让我感到不安的事情是他把他的车换成了克尔维特。

And I remember that kind of struck a nerve in me.

我记得这触动了我的神经。

Because I'm like, wow, you're paying us minimum wage.

因为我想，哇，你付给我们最低工资。

And you want people to come in on time and stuff, but you're over here-- you have the luxury of not coming in.

你希望人们准时来，但你在这里——你可以不来。

And you have the ability to get a brand new car.

而且您有能力获得一辆全新的汽车。

That was the moment where things just set in.

那是事情刚刚开始的那一刻。

For Flato, it was the 12 million Thank You Meals.

对于弗拉托来说，就是 1200 万份感谢餐。

That was the symbol for him, now glowing neon.

那是他的象征，现在闪烁着霓虹灯。

It put all the other parts of his job in a less-acceptable light.

这让他工作的其他部分变得不太可接受。

For Ashley, it was the Corvette.

对于阿什利来说，这是克尔维特。

For employees at a McDonald's in California, perhaps it was when they raised concerns about the lack of PPE.

对于加州一家麦当劳的员工来说，也许是在他们对缺乏个人防护装备表示担忧的时候。

And they say their bosses told them to use coffee filters and doggie diapers for masks.

他们说，老板告诉他们使用咖啡过滤器和小狗尿布作为口罩。

For a guy I met outside an Amazon warehouse, it was when he says he was fired four times for having COVID.

我在亚马逊仓库外遇到的一个人说，他因感染新冠病毒而被解雇了四次。

Four times.

四次。

This was a thing, apparently, at Amazon.

显然，这是亚马逊的事情。

People would tell their bosses they had COVID, or they got exposed to COVID, and then they'd get fired.

人们会告诉老板他们感染了新冠病毒，或者他们接触了新冠病毒，然后他们就会被解雇。

Later, they would hear it was an HR mistake, and they were welcome to appeal, get their job back, but not always the weeks or sometimes months of lost wages.

后来，他们会听说这是人力资源部的错误，欢迎他们上诉，拿回工作，但并不总是损失数周甚至数月的工资。

And for Ashley's manager at the pizza place, a woman named Soliris Morales, the Corvette pissed her off.

对于阿什利在披萨店的经理，一位名叫索里里斯·莫拉莱斯（Soliris Morales）的女士来说，克尔维特让她很生气。

But the real sign for her was when the restaurant cut back her hours, and she became eligible for unemployment.

但对她来说，真正的迹象是餐厅减少了她的工作时间，她就有资格领取失业金。

I was like, how can I be making more on unemployment than my actual job?

我当时想，我靠失业赚的钱怎么可能比我的实际工作赚得更多呢？

I mean, how can it be possible that they gave us all that unemployment and we're still making like-- what's the minimum wage in Texas, $7.25?

我的意思是，他们怎么可能让我们失业，而我们却还在挣——德克萨斯州的最低工资是 7.25 美元？

Like, how?

比如说，怎么样？

That your boss never cares for you.

你的老板从来不关心你。

[LAUGHS] I don't know.

[笑]我不知道。

Yeah.

是的。

These things just sat nearby as they did their jobs, nagging-- a Corvette, being fired four times, $7.25 an hour.

这些东西就坐在附近，一边做着自己的工作，一边唠叨着——一辆克尔维特，被解雇了四次，每小时 7.25 美元。

Flato at McDonald's, he was handing out those Thank You Meals more than a year ago.

一年多前，弗拉托在麦当劳分发了感谢餐。

He's still mad about it.

他仍然为此生气。

He's mad about a lot of things-- that they never got hazard pay, sick pay, paid time off, health care.

他对很多事情感到愤怒——他们从来没有得到危险津贴、病假工资、带薪休假和医疗保健。

The owner-operator of Flato's McDonald's says he showed his appreciation by raising wages during the pandemic.

弗拉托麦当劳的老板兼经营者表示，他通过在疫情期间提高工资来表达他的感激之情。

But Flato's wage is another thing that just makes him angry.

但弗拉托的工资是另一件让他生气的事情。

He went from $11 to $12 an hour.

他的时薪从 11 美元涨到 12 美元。

He wants more.

他想要更多。

But the one thing Flato talked about more than any other was the fact that the franchise owner, and the people who work with him, did not come by.

但弗拉托谈论得最多的一件事是，特许经营权所有者以及与他一起工作的人没有过来。

And when they did, they did not appear to actually see them.

当他们这样做时，他们似乎并没有真正看到它们。

No appreciation gets shown towards us.

没有对我们表现出任何赞赏。

They don't know our name when they come in the building.

当他们进入大楼时，他们不知道我们的名字。

Seemed like they showed no concern.

看起来他们并没有表现出任何关心。

That's interesting, because I feel like appreciating essential workers is the one thing that we did do.

这很有趣，因为我觉得感谢重要工作人员是我们所做的一件事。

Like, most places didn't pay hazard pay or higher wages or health care.

比如，大多数地方不支付危险津贴或更高的工资或医疗保健。

But like, there was so much thank you essential workers, we appreciate you and clapping for you, and commercials.

但是，非常感谢重要的工作人员，我们感谢你们，为你们鼓掌，还有广告。

But none of that felt like anything to you?

但这些对你来说都没什么感觉吗？

No. Not really.

不，不是真的。

My mother always said when you come into somebody's home, you're supposed to say, hey, how you doing?

我妈妈总是说，当你走进别人家时，你应该说，嘿，你好吗？

You're supposed to speak.

你该说话了

Yeah.

是的。

You didn't want an ad.

你不想要广告。

You wanted your actual human boss to come and say thank you.

您希望您真正的人类老板过来向您表示感谢。

Yeah, get everybody together in the lobby and tell us how you feel.

是的，让每个人都聚集在大厅里，告诉我们你的感受。

That would be fine.

那就好了。

That would be fine.

那就好了。

That would be excellent for me.

那对我来说就太好了。

It've made me happy as hell.

这让我高兴极了。

Ashley and Solaris at the pizza restaurant, they quit.

阿什利和索拉里斯在披萨店里，他们退出了。

The guy I met at the Amazon warehouse, he was being pitched on a union.

我在亚马逊仓库遇到的那个人，他正在被推荐加入工会。

A group of current and former employees are now trying to organize one at the Staten Island warehouse.

一群现任和前任员工正试图在史泰登岛仓库组织一场活动。

And Flato did something he has never done his entire working career.

弗拉托做了一件他整个职业生涯从未做过的事情。

Recently, when his coworkers started talking about striking, he joined.

最近，当他的同事开始谈论罢工时，他也加入了。

It felt like not him.

感觉不像他。

Yeah, it was new for me.

是的，这对我来说是新的。

It was very new.

这是非常新的。

And there was so many people out.

而且还有这么多人出来。

It was just-- [LAUGHS] actually, it was really nice.

这只是——[笑]实际上，这真的很好。

I mean, people was everywhere.

我的意思是，到处都是人。

Did you hold a sign?

你举着牌子吗？

Flato Alexander No, I didn't get a chance to.

弗拉托·亚历山大 不，我没有机会。

And it's just sad that we have to stand outside and yell and scream and say, yeah, we want this, we want that-- when you should be sitting down and trying to come up with a plan for this to happen for us.

可悲的是，我们必须站在外面大喊大叫，说，是的，我们想要这个，我们想要那个——而你应该坐下来，试图制定一个计划，让这一切发生在我们身上。

Did you ever expect that you would make it to 61 years old and suddenly become a guy who goes to strikes?

你有没有想过，到了61岁，你突然变成了一个罢工的人？

Well, you only can slap a person so many times.

好吧，你只能打一个人这么多次。

And you only can do a person wrong so many times.

而且你只能做错一个人很多次。

Imagine you got all these jobs paying $19, $20 an hour, and some of them is giving you a $300 signing bonus.

想象一下，你得到了所有这些每小时 19 美元、20 美元的工作，其中一些还给你 300 美元的签约奖金。

And like an idiot, I still sit here and walk to the golden arches.

而我仍然像个白痴一样坐在这里，走向金色的拱门。

Flato doesn't want to quit.

弗拉托不想退出。

The McDonald's is close to his house-- he has no transportation.

麦当劳离他家很近——他没有交通工具。

He can walk to work.

他可以步行去上班。

He likes the people he works with, some of them he's worked with for many years.

他喜欢与他一起工作的人，其中一些人已经与他共事多年。

And he likes the work.

而且他喜欢这份工作。

He doesn't want to change.

他不想改变。

He wants the job to change.

他希望改变工作。

He wants it to be less thankless.

他希望不要那么吃力不讨好。

So many of the industries we deemed essential now seem to be in some sort of chaos.

我们认为至关重要的许多行业现在似乎都处于某种混乱之中。

Restaurants are open now but not for dinner, because there's not enough staff.

餐厅现在营业，但不提供晚餐，因为人手不足。

Health care workers are quitting their jobs, election officials are bailing, and school superintendents from America's three largest school systems have all quit.

医护人员正在辞职，选举官员正在保释，美国三大学校系统的校长也全部辞职。

And things that never really worked that great before seem to be truly breaking down.

以前从未真正发挥过作用的事情似乎正在真正崩溃。

I called JetBlue the other day to change a reservation, and the recording said, the current wait time is 299 minutes.

前几天我打电话给捷蓝航空更改预订，录音显示，目前的等待时间是299分钟。

Some food chains are actually raising wages-- Chipotle, Olive Garden.

一些食品连锁店实际上正在提高工资——Chipotle、Olive Garden。

McDonald's is raising wages at its corporate stores-- to a small share of actual McDonald's stores, but still.

麦当劳正在提高其公司门店的工资——虽然只占实际麦当劳门店的一小部分，但仍然如此。

Support for labor unions is the highest it's been in years.

对工会的支持是多年来最高的。

Every week or so lately, I see a picture online posted outside a store or restaurant announcing that no one works there anymore.

最近大约每周，我都会在网上看到商店或餐馆外张贴的一张照片，宣布不再有人在那里工作。

Like this one scotch-taped to the door that reads, "Attention Chipotle customers.

就像这张贴在门上的透明胶带，上面写着：“Chipotle 顾客请注意。

We're overworked, understaffed, and underappreciated.

我们工作过度，人手不足，而且不受重视。

Almost the entire staff and management have walked out of here until further notice." Or another, "we are closed indefinitely, because Dollar General doesn't pay a living wage or treat their employees with respect." I've never seen anything like it.

几乎所有员工和管理人员都已离开这里，直至另行通知。”或者，“我们无限期关闭，因为 Dollar General 不支付生活工资，也不尊重员工。”我从来没有见过这样的事情。

Each sign, it seems like a whole group of employees just spontaneously and collectively decided they were done.

每一个迹象，似乎都是一群员工自发地、集体地决定他们已经完成了。

But you know something happened at some point before now.

但你知道之前的某个时刻发生过一些事情。

Some shift started with, say, a Corvette, or with 12 million Thank You Meals.

一些转变始于一辆克尔维特，或者 1200 万份感谢餐。

One sign posted on a McDonald's drive-through menu reads, "We are short-staffed.

麦当劳得来速菜单上张贴的标语上写着：“我们人手短缺。

Please be patient with the staff that did show up.

请对出现的工作人员耐心等待。

No one wants to work anymore." Or another, also from a different McDonald's, with a different perspective.

没有人愿意再工作了。”或者另一个，同样来自不同的麦当劳，具有不同的视角。

It reads, "We are closed because I am quitting, and I hate this job."

上面写着：“我们关门了，因为我要辞职，我讨厌这份工作。”

People quit jobs for all sorts of reasons, and there are a lot of people debating why so many are doing it right now.

人们出于各种各样的原因辞职，很多人都在争论为什么现在有这么多人辞职。

So I'd like to just make sure this one possibility is on the table alongside all the others.

所以我想确保这一种可能性与所有其他可能性一起摆在桌面上。

That a good number of people worked through a life-threatening pandemic feeling unseen by the very people who are supposed to care for them, feeling, as Flato did, like they have a relative who will not speak to them.

很多人在经历了一场危及生命的大流行病后，感觉自己被本应照顾他们的人看不到，就像弗拉托那样，感觉就像有一个不会与他们说话的亲戚。

My favorite sign is from a Wendy's in North Carolina.

我最喜欢的标牌来自北卡罗来纳州的一家温迪店。

It reads, "We all quit.

上面写着：“我们都放弃了。

CLOSED." in capital letters.

关门了。”用大写字母。

And then in the corner of the sign, someone scrawled, "Bye, Alisa" with a smiley face next to it.

然后在标牌的一角，有人潦草地写着“再见，艾丽莎”，旁边还有一张笑脸。

[MUSIC - "WORK TO DO" BY THE ISLEY BROTHERS]

[音乐 - 艾斯利兄弟的“WORK TO DO”]

Credits Chana Joffe-Walt Today's show was produced by Bim Adewunmi and edited by our Executive Editor, Emanuele Berry.

鸣谢 Chana Joffe-Walt 今天的节目由 Bim Adewunmi 制作，并由我们的执行编辑 Emanuele Berry 编辑。

The people who put our show together today include Susan Burton, Aviva DeKorngeld, Tobin Low, Miki Meek, Lina Mitsitzis, Stowe Nelson, Katherine Rae Mondo, Alyssa Shipp, Laura Starcheski, Lilly Sullivan, Christopher Swetala, Matt Tierney, Nancy Updike, Chloee Weiner, and Diane Wu.

今天的节目的制作人包括 Susan Burton、Aviva DeKorngeld、Tobin Low、Miki Meek、Lina Mitsitzis、Stowe Nelson、Katherine Rae Mondo、Alyssa Shipp、Laura Starcheski、Lilly Sullivan、Christopher Swetala、Matt Tierney、Nancy Updike、Chloee Weiner 和 Diane Wu。

Our Managing Editor is Sara Abdurrahman, Senior Editor, David Kestenbaum.

我们的总编辑是 Sara Abdurrahman，高级编辑是 David Kestenbaum。

Special thanks today to Rachel Lissy, Jennifer Klein, Diana Ramirez at One Fair Wage, Kate Wells, Zoe Clark, Lea Austin and Penelope Whitney, Darrick Hamilton, Robert Williams, Anne Helen Peterson, Zoé Samudzi, Gina Ginn, Tonya Breslow, Betsey Stevenson, and all the other people who spoke to me about their essential jobs.

今天特别感谢 Rachel Lissy、Jennifer Klein、One Fair Wage 的 Diana Ramirez、Kate Wells、Zoe Clark、Lea Austin 和 Penelope Whitney、Darrick Hamilton、Robert Williams、Anne Helen Peterson、Zoé Samudzi、Gina Ginn、Tonya Breslow、Betsey Stevenson 以及所有其他与我谈论其重要工作的人。

And also thanks to the excellent reporters who have focused on them in their stories, especially Eliza Shapiro, Heather Long, and Annie Lowry.

还要感谢那些在报道中关注他们的优秀记者，尤其是伊丽莎·夏皮罗、希瑟·朗和安妮·洛瑞。

Our website, thisamericanlife.org, where you can stream our archive of over 700 episodes for absolutely free.

我们的网站 thisamericanlife.org，您可以在其中完全免费地观看我们的 700 多集档案。

This American Life is delivered to public radio stations by PRX, the Public Radio Exchange.

《美国生活》由公共广播电台 PRX 向公共广播电台播出。

Thanks to my boss, Ira Glass.

感谢我的老板艾拉·格拉斯。

He has this special way of testing a microphone, always the same for the last 25 years doing the show.

他有这种特殊的测试麦克风的方法，在过去 25 年的演出中始终如一。

Puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh, puh.

噗，噗，噗，噗，噗，噗，噗，噗。

We'll be back next week with more stories of This American Life.

下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。

[MUSIC - "WORK TO DO" BY THE ISLEY BROTHERS]

[音乐 - 艾斯利兄弟的“WORK TO DO”]

This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.

《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。