645: My Effing First Amendment - This American Life

645：我的第一修正案

645 · This American Life · 原文

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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #645 | May 4, 2018 645: My Effing First Amendment Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.

00:00 00:00 文字记录分享此美国生活生活伙伴如何收听剧集推荐关于概述员工公告奖学金工作音乐在路上制作电台常见问题解答提交商品联系我们我们的其他节目商品关注我们生活伙伴订阅我们的时事通讯整集切换音频和文字记录同步文字记录 | 内容第 645 集 | 2018 年 5 月 4 日 645：我的第一修正案注：《美国生活》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。

If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.

如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。

Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.

文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。

Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.

请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。

Prologue Ira Glass Zoe Chace?

序言艾拉·格拉斯佐伊·切斯？

Yes Ira Glass?

是的，艾拉·格拉斯？

Ira Glass You brought some tape to play?

Ira Glass 你带了一些磁带来播放吗？

Yeah.

是的。

I brought some tape from this trip that I was on recently.

我带了一些最近旅行的磁带。

Zoe Chace is one of the producers of our program.

佐伊·查斯是我们节目的制作人之一。

It's This American Life from WBEZ Chicago.

这就是 WBEZ 芝加哥的《美国生活》。

So on this trip, I was in an interesting room.

所以这次旅行，我在一个有趣的房间里。

A couple ground rules.

一些基本规则。

There will be no safe spaces, no trigger warnings, no microaggressions.

不会有安全空间、不会触发警告、不会有微侵犯。

[CHEERING] We are going to have-- we're going to have some honest discussion here.

[欢呼]我们将在这里进行一些诚实的讨论。

We're in a huge auditorium surrounded by more than 2,000 conservative college students.

我们在一个巨大的礼堂里，周围有 2000 多名保守派大学生。

It's a bunch of young people in sports coats and ties and dresses and heels.

这是一群穿着运动外套、打领带、裙子和高跟鞋的年轻人。

And the media has said, oh, there's no young conservatives out there.

媒体说，哦，那里没有年轻的保守派。

You have to be liberal if you're in college.

如果你在大学，你就必须是自由主义者。

And every single one of you here today-- from all 50 states, by the way-- are here to tell the media, colleges, and the elites that our generation will not embrace socialism.

今天在座的每一个人——顺便说一下，来自所有 50 个州——来这里是为了告诉媒体、大学和精英，我们这一代不会接受社会主义。

This is Charlie Kirk, and this room is at a big conference he's throwing.

我是查理·柯克，这个房间正在他举办的一个大型会议上。

Charlie Kirk's organization is called Turning Point USA-- kind of a pumped up version of the College Republicans is how I describe it.

查理·柯克的组织被称为“美国转折点”——我是这样形容它的，它有点像大学共和党的升级版。

And they recruit and train conservative students to be conservative activists on their campuses.

他们招募并培训保守派学生，让他们成为校园里的保守派积极分子。

Charlie, he's 24.

查理，他24岁了。

He's preppy.

他是预科生。

He still technically lives in his parents' house outside Chicago.

从技术上讲，他仍然住在芝加哥郊外父母的房子里。

Technically means-- Zoe Chace Means that's his domicile.

从技术上讲，Zoe Chace 的意思是指那是他的住所。

But he's on the road more than 300 days out of the year.

但他一年中有 300 多天都在路上。

He founded this group something like five years ago.

他大约五年前创立了这个小组。

They have a ton of money from conservative donors.

他们从保守派捐助者那里得到了大量资金。

This year, they're going to have a budget close to $14 to $15 million, someone close to the organization told me.

一位接近该组织的人士告诉我，今年他们的预算将接近 14 至 1500 万美元。

Took place in a really fancy hotel right near Mar-a-Lago, actually.

实际上，发生在海湖庄园附近一家非常高档的酒店。

The son of the president of the United States, Donald Trump Jr.

美国总统小唐纳德·特朗普的儿子。

[CHEERING] Ira Glass Wait, Donald Trump Jr. was there?

[欢呼]艾拉·格拉斯 (Ira Glass) 等等，小唐纳德·特朗普在场吗？

Yeah.

是的。

Charlie Kirk, the head of the organization, and Donald Trump Jr. are friends.

该组织的负责人查理·柯克和小唐纳德·特朗普是朋友。

So this conference, it's premised on the idea that there's an important battleground right now in America that conservatives are losing.

所以这次会议的前提是，美国现在有一个重要的战场，保守派正在失去。

They've been losing this battle for years.

多年来他们一直在这场战斗中失败。

That's college campuses, college campuses overrun by liberal bias.

那是大学校园，充满自由主义偏见的大学校园。

Conservatives feel embattled.

保守派感到四面楚歌。

They feel outnumbered.

他们感觉寡不敌众。

Now, this is nothing new, conservatives saying this.

现在，这并不是什么新鲜事，保守派这样说。

True.

真的。

And the Koch brothers and other conservative donors are throwing millions of dollars at this.

科赫兄弟和其他保守派捐助者为此投入了数百万美元。

To change our politics, they want to change our culture.

为了改变我们的政治，他们想改变我们的文化。

To change the culture, you have to change universities.

要改变文化，就必须改变大学。

And the speakers at this conference, they make it sound like this is a life or death moment.

这次会议的演讲者们听起来就像是生死攸关的时刻。

We are in a nonviolent-- and I pray to God it remains nonviolent-- civil war.

我们正处于一场非暴力的——我向上帝祈祷它仍然是非暴力的——内战。

There are unbridgeable gaps between left and right.

左右之间有着不可逾越的鸿沟。

We are at war, right?

我们正处于战争状态，对吗？

We're not debating Obamacare.

我们不是在讨论奥巴马医改。

We're not debating tax cuts.

我们不是在讨论减税。

We're not debating the border.

我们不是在争论边界。

We're debating America.

我们正在讨论美国。

But all of you are now messengers.

但现在你们所有人都是使者。

All of you are now part of the fight.

你们所有人现在都是战斗的一部分。

All of you are the people who are going to go back to your campuses and convert 10 other people.

你们所有人都将回到你们的校园并改变另外 10 个人。

You should always wear that target proudly on your back because they will come for you.

你应该始终自豪地将目标背在背上，因为它们会来找你。

And when they come for you, the only way those bullets are going to bounce off is if you're made of steel.

当它们向你袭来时，这些子弹反弹的唯一途径就是你是钢铁制成的。

Thanks so much.

非常感谢。

[CHEERING] Ira Glass Well, I have to say, those are some very powerful speakers.

[欢呼] Ira Glass 嗯，我不得不说，这些都是一些非常强大的扬声器。

They are doing a good job for those kids.

他们为这些孩子做得很好。

Yeah.

是的。

Here's the new thing I learned at this conference, is that there are now outside groups and a whole infrastructure fighting this war on American campuses.

这是我在这次会议上学到的新东西，那就是现在有外部团体和整个基础设施在美国校园里进行这场战争。

The tinder is there for the fire, for sure.

火种肯定是用来生火的。

People are ready for a crazy fight on all sides.

人们已经做好了各方疯狂战斗的准备。

But now, there are a number of relatively new, big, well-funded national organizations like this one, like Turning Point USA, which are fanning the flames and spreading the fire.

但现在，有许多像美国转折点这样的相对较新的、大型的、资金充足的全国性组织，正在煽风点火、火上浇油。

And I would say that that is what our program is about today.

我想说这就是我们今天节目的主题。

We're going to see this play out on one campus and see just how easy it is for these things to blow up into a huge, raging wildfire.

我们将在一个校园里看到这种情况的发生，看看这些东西是多么容易爆炸成一场巨大的、肆虐的野火。

But Zoe, before we get to that, what exactly happens at this conference?

但是佐伊，在我们开始之前，我们先来了解一下这次会议到底发生了什么？

The conference is for tactical advice on how to fight this war on campus.

这次会议旨在就如何在校园内打这场战争提供战术建议。

So for example-- so invite a conservative speaker to campus.

举例来说，邀请一位保守派演讲者到校园。

You don't just have a right to bring people to campus.

您不仅有权将人们带到校园。

You don't just have a right to stand up for yourself and speak out.

您不仅有权利为自己挺身而出并大声疾呼。

I think you have an obligation.

我认为你有义务。

Now, in some cases, a college will try to stop the speaker.

现在，在某些情况下，大学会试图阻止演讲者。

They'll think they're too controversial or charge a big security fee for that speaker.

他们会认为自己太有争议，或者向该演讲者收取高额安保费。

And there's a panel for what to do if that happens.

如果发生这种情况，有一个小组可以指导您该怎么做。

The panel is called "Sue Your School 101: Knowing and Defending the First Amendment on Campus."

该小组名为“起诉你的学校 101：了解并捍卫校园第一修正案”。

Awesome.

惊人的。

So we have sued your university system seven times.

所以我们已经起诉你们的大学系统七次了。

So thanks.

所以谢谢。

You guys are great.

你们太棒了。

There are panels like "Socialism is for Suckers," "48 Liberal Lies," "Was Jesus a Socialist?"

有一些小组，如“社会主义是傻瓜的”、“48个自由主义谎言”、“耶稣是社会主义者吗？”

I'm going to guess the answer to that is no?

我猜答案是否定的？

It is no. He was not.

答案是否定的。他不是。

At night, the nighttime activity was a protest.

到了晚上，夜间活动就是抗议。

Basically, anti-Trumpers of West Palm Beach came out to protest this conference.

基本上，西棕榈滩的反特朗普者出来抗议这次会议。

And honestly, it seemed almost too perfect, as though the conference had planned it.

老实说，这似乎太完美了，就好像会议已经计划好了一样。

They did not.

他们没有。

But it just felt like a way to get your conservative jollies out by yelling about some of the stuff they've been talking about all day.

但这感觉就像是通过大喊大叫他们一整天都在谈论的一些事情来发泄你的保守派的快乐。

There were these super eclectic chants, like "taxation is theft."

有一些超级不拘一格的口号，比如“税收就是盗窃”。

Taxation is theft!

税收就是盗窃！

Taxation is theft!

税收就是盗窃！

Taxation is theft!

税收就是盗窃！

This one is hard to hear.

这一句很难听。

This girl in the back yells out, "How many genders are there?"

后面的这个女孩喊道：“有多少种性别？”

How many genders are there?

有多少种性别？

Protesters Two.

抗议者二.

How many genders are there?

有多少种性别？

Protesters Two.

抗议者二.

This insistence from Turning Point kids that there are only two genders, that gets brought up a lot, and it feels kind of random.

“转折点”孩子们坚持认为世界上只有两种性别，这一点被反复提及，感觉有点随机。

And I figured out it's kind of a battle cry for these kids on the right.

我发现这对右边的孩子来说是一种战斗口号。

They're just basically saying, you are irrational, to the left.

他们基本上只是说，你是非理性的，偏左的。

Of course, that dismissal of transgender and non-binary people can and often does come across as incredibly hateful.

当然，对跨性别者和非二元性别者的排斥可能而且经常会让人感到极其可恨。

Yeah.

是的。

And making videos.

并制作视频。

In fact, that was a big thing this conference seemed to be about, was making videos.

How to make videos to fight back against the left on their campuses.

如何制作视频来反击校园中的左派。

There were a bunch of panels about that-- the art of the click, how to make political viral content, things like that.

有很多关于这个的小组讨论——点击的艺术，如何制作政治病毒内容，诸如此类的事情。

The idea is, even if you're isolated on your campus, there's a huge network out there of conservative news that's hungry for the video and will tell your story.

这个想法是，即使你在校园里被孤立，也有一个庞大的保守派新闻网络渴望视频并讲述你的故事。

If you have a cell phone, then you are now a reporter.

如果你有手机，那么你现在就是一名记者。

If you are on a college campus, you have things that are worth covering.

如果你在大学校园里，你就有一些值得报道的事情。

This is Ben Shapiro, a big name conservative speaker who also founded The Daily Wire.

我是本·夏皮罗 (Ben Shapiro)，一位大名鼎鼎的保守派演说家，也是《每日电讯报》的创始人。

I run a publication.

我经营一家出版物。

It has about 100 million page views a month.

每月的页面浏览量约为 1 亿。

If you email me with your story and we can verify it and check it, make sure it's true, we'll run with it.

如果您通过电子邮件将您的故事发送给我，我们可以对其进行验证和检查，确保其真实性，我们将继续执行。

And this is true for Fox News, this is true for Daily Caller, this is true for Breitbart.

福克斯新闻如此，每日来电如此，布赖特巴特新闻网如此。

This is true for all of the major right-wing publications.

所有主要的右翼出版物都是如此。

And so granting exposure is the easiest way to bring shame to a lot of these folks who deserve it.

因此，给予曝光是让许多应得的人蒙羞的最简单方法。

At this other panel called "Fighting the PC Police," this guy, Cabot Phillips-- he's a clean cut 24-year-old guy.

在另一个名为“打击电脑警察”的小组中，这个人叫卡伯特·菲利普斯 (Cabot Phillips)，他是一个干净利落的 24 岁小伙子。

He's just adored.

他只是被崇拜而已。

It seems like everyone in the session knows him.

似乎会议上的每个人都认识他。

And both of his sessions were packed.

他的两次会议都挤满了人。

He gave tips on exactly, step by step, how do you make an effective video on your phone?

他一步一步详细地给出了如何在手机上制作有效视频的技巧？

As far as video goes-- we all know this.

就视频而言——我们都知道这一点。

How do we film our videos, guys?

伙计们，我们如何拍摄视频？

Horizontal, heck yeah.

水平的，哎呀。

If you film your videos vertically, you are not worthy of love.

如果你垂直拍摄视频，你就不值得爱。

And Cabot is the media director with a news site whose entire purpose is to document and publicize liberalism run amok on campus.

It's called Campus Reform.

这就是所谓的校园改革。

They pay conservative students at colleges across the country to be correspondents, scouring their campuses for stories.

Some are small, like, "College Republicans email list used to, quote, 'identify the racists,'" or "college turns gym into man-free space."

有些很小，比如“大学共和党人的电子邮件列表过去常常引用‘识别种族主义者’”或“大学把健身房变成了无人的空间”。

I love that these sound like Onion headlines, but from a right-wing perspective.

我喜欢这些听起来像洋葱新闻的头条新闻，但从右翼的角度来看。

I know.

我知道。

But these are real things that happen.

但这些都是真实发生的事情。

One of them was about students demanding free tampons in both men and women's bathrooms.

其中之一是学生要求男女卫生间免费提供卫生棉条。

They did this by painting their pants with fake blood stains.

It's called a bleed-in.

这就是所谓的出血。

That's a story.

这是一个故事。

And so all of these are basically conservatives writing about how crazy liberals are on the campuses or how hard it is to be a conservative on campus.

因此，所有这些基本上都是保守派人士在写的，关于校园里的自由派是多么疯狂，或者在校园里成为一个保守派是多么困难。

Right.

正确的。

One prime type of video that Cabot from Campus Reform talked about is one that you would take when, say, you're out with your little table and you're trying to sign people up for your Turning Point USA chapter on your campus.

Campus Reform 的 Cabot 谈到的一种主要视频类型是，当您带着小桌子出去，试图让人们报名参加校园里的“转折点美国”分会时，您可以拍摄这样的视频。

You're in the middle of the quad.

你在四边形的中间。

And there's this thing that's come up on public universities lately that I just found out about recently.

It's the free speech zone.

这是言论自由区。

The free speech zone is this area of campus where all political activity, any protest or political advocacy, it's confined to one area.

言论自由区是校园的这一区域，所有政治活动、任何抗议或政治宣传都仅限于一个区域。

A lot of times, people don't realize it's completely unconstitutional.

And if you are tabling outside of the free speech zone, someone from the university may come up to you and tell you to move to the free speech zone.

如果您在言论自由区之外进行投票，大学里的某个人可能会过来告诉您搬到言论自由区。

And that's your cue.

这就是你的提示。

Whip your phone out.

拿出你的手机。

Start filming.

开始拍摄。

Stay calm.

保持冷静。

Be polite.

要有礼貌。

There's no need to be a jerk.

没有必要成为一个混蛋。

But just ask them.

但只要问他们就可以了。

I'm not saying I won't leave, but what will happen if I choose not to leave?

The very best video to get, it seems, the creme de la creme-- this is the impression I got-- it's filming triggered snowflakes.

You know a snowflake?

你认识雪花吗？

Yes, of course.

是的当然。

A snowflake is a liberal who is easily offended.

雪花是一个容易被冒犯的自由主义者。

Right.

正确的。

Like, say a right-wing student group's posters are torn down.

They may be torn down by snowflakes who are triggered by those posters.

Cabot plays this one super viral video of a girl in an audience at an event screaming, "Get your hate speech off our campus.

Get your hate speech off our campus." His point is that a snowflake can be triggered by your very existence on campus.

让你的仇恨言论离开我们的校园。”他的观点是，你在校园中的存在就可以触发雪花。

And they do this thing where they will just throw out name calling.

他们做这件事时他们只会扔掉谩骂。

That's the first tactic they use, where they'll say, you're a racist.

You're a bigot homophobe.

你是个顽固的同性恋者。

You are a part of the patriarchy, whatever that means.

You're all these things.

你就是这些东西。

And it kind of sucks getting called that.

被这样称呼有点糟糕。

No matter how untrue it is-- which it is, untrue.

No matter how untrue it is, it's still like, I don't really want to get called that on campus.

So maybe I won't speak up because I don't want to have to deal with this.

所以也许我不会说话，因为我不想处理这个问题。

They don't just want you guys to be quiet.

他们不只是希望你们保持安静。

OK?

好的？

The left on your campus doesn't just want you to stop talking.

校园里的左派不仅仅希望你停止说话。

They want you to completely be off of their campus because your ideas make them feel that unsafe.

他们希望你完全离开他们的校园，因为你的想法让他们感到不安全。

He's right.

他是对的。

A lot of people on the left do say that ideas on the right make him feel unsafe.

很多左派人士确实说右派的想法让他感到不安全。

So things can explode and get out of hand really quickly.

Well, today on our program, we see a brand new Turning Point recruit head out and try the things that Turning Point USA tells students to do and trains them to do.

好吧，今天在我们的节目中，我们看到一名全新的转折点新兵出发，尝试转折点美国告诉学生要做的事情并训练他们去做。

During this moment in our history where everybody assumes the absolute worst about each other, we watch this newbie head right into the thick of it-- a sophomore, 19 years old when this starts.

在我们历史上的这个时刻，每个人都把对方看成最坏的一面，我们看着这个新手直接陷入困境——故事开始时，他是一名大二学生，19 岁。

Our reporter for this story is somebody who knows this world well.

我们这篇报道的记者是一位非常了解这个世界的人。

He's been covering these fights on campus for The Chronicle of Higher Education.

他一直在为《高等教育纪事报》报道这些校园斗争。

His name Steve Kolowich.

他的名字叫史蒂夫·科洛维奇。

And let's just get right to it.

让我们开始吧。

Here he is.

他在这里。

Katie Mullen knew she wanted to start a Turning Point chapter at her school after she went to her first conference, the Young Women's Leadership Summit last summer.

凯蒂·马伦（Katie Mullen）去年夏天参加了她的第一次会议——年轻女性领导力峰会后，就知道她想在学校开启“转折点”分会。

And it was just really empowering in the fact that the whole conference, we were just talking about how there's no really glass ceiling.

事实上，在整个会议上，我们只是在谈论如何不存在真正的玻璃天花板，这一事实确实令人鼓舞。

There's just skies above.

上面只有天空。

There's nothing that we can't do.

没有什么是我们做不到的。

And just being around that many women, I think, just as a whole, was really empowering.

我认为，作为一个整体，身边有那么多女性真的是一种力量。

The first time Katie remembers having a strong political feeling was in high school, while listening to Rush Limbaugh with her grandmother.

凯蒂记得第一次产生强烈的政治情感是在高中的时候，当时她和祖母一起听拉什·林博的音乐。

He was criticizing Obamacare in a way that really resonated with her.

他批评奥巴马医改的方式引起了她的共鸣。

She became the kind of teenager who would write to her congressman.

她成为了那种会给国会议员写信的青少年。

She arrived at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, UNL, just as the 2016 presidential election was entering the home stretch.

她来到内布拉斯加大学林肯分校 (UNL) 时，正值 2016 年总统选举进入冲刺阶段。

Most of her friends on campus weren't that into politics.

她校园里的大多数朋友都不那么热衷于政治。

She liked the idea of being connected to other young people who were just as excited about it as she was.

她喜欢与其他和她一样对此感到兴奋的年轻人建立联系。

Turning Point looked fun.

转折点看起来很有趣。

Its founder, Charlie Kirk, wasn't much older than she was.

它的创始人查理·柯克（Charlie Kirk）并不比她大多少。

And he was really good at Twitter.

他真的很擅长推特。

Last summer, she went to her second Turning Point conference.

去年夏天，她参加了第二次转折点会议。

This one was for chapter leaders.

这是给分会领导的。

She met Charlie Kirk.

She made new friends.

她结识了新朋友。

And she came back to campus in the fall, fired up to spread the gospel of liberty and capitalism.

秋天，她回到校园，满腔热情地传播自由和资本主义的福音。

On August 25 last year, Katie tried tabling on campus for the first time on the plaza outside the student union.

去年8月25日，凯蒂在学生会外的广场上第一次尝试在校园里摆桌子。

Turning Point had sent her a starter kit with stickers and buttons that said things like "Socialism Sucks" and "I Heart Capitalism." Her club wasn't official yet, so Katie wanted to do some recruiting.

《转折点》给她寄了一套入门套件，上面贴着贴纸和按钮，上面写着“社会主义糟透了”和“我喜欢资本主义”之类的话。她的俱乐部还没有正式成立，所以凯蒂想做一些招募工作。

Can you sort of give me your pitch?

你能给我介绍一下你的想法吗？

If I were a student coming up to your table, what would you say?

如果我是一名学生来到你桌前，你会说什么？

OK.

好的。

Well, it was my first time out there, so I was a little-- I don't think I was a really good saleswoman.

嗯，这是我第一次出去，所以我有点——我不认为我是一个真正优秀的女推销员。

I was more timid that day, waiting for people to come up to me.

那天我比较胆怯，等着人们来找我。

But people passing by, I would ask them how they felt about capitalism or what their belief on socialism was, and just get a conversation started.

但是路过的人，我会问他们对资本主义的感受如何，或者对社会主义的信仰是什么，然后就开始对话。

Katie set up her table in the place where there is a lot of foot traffic, just like Turning Point says to do.

凯蒂按照《转折点》的指示，将桌子摆在人流量大的地方。

And sure enough, along came a university employee.

果然，来了一位大学职员。

We're going to have to ask you guys to move this to the free speech zone or we'll have to have UNLPD remove you.

我们将不得不要求你们将其移至言论自由区，否则我们将不得不让 UNLPD 将你们删除。

It's completely up to you.

这完全取决于你。

Not with propaganda.

不是靠宣传。

You can free speech all you want, but you cannot hand out propaganda.

你可以随心所欲地言论自由，但你不能进行宣传。

Katie stood her ground.

She recorded the interaction on her phone.

她用手机记录了这次互动。

We've always been told, pics or it didn't happen.

我们总是被告知，要么拍照片，要么就没有发生。

So it's kind of the same thing-- videos or it didn't happen.

所以这是同样的事情——要么有视频，要么没有发生。

Free speech zone is over here on the other side of the Memorial Plaza sign.

言论自由区位于纪念广场标志的另一侧。

That video alone would have been a good get for Turning Point, confirmation that yet another college campus wanted to silence conservative ideas.

仅凭这段视频就可以成为《转折点》的一个很好的收获，它证实了另一个大学校园想要压制保守派思想。

But then, bigger game wandered onto the plaza, a full-throated liberal zealot.

但随后，更大的游戏进入了广场，一个大声疾呼的自由派狂热分子。

I saw the table for Turning Point USA.

我看到了美国转折点的表格。

And I was like, oh, hell no. I was like, not on my campus.

我当时想，哦，天哪，不。我当时想，不是在我的校园里。

No, no, no, no, no.

不，不，不，不，不。

This is Courtney Lawton.

She's 47.

She's getting her PhD in English.

她正在攻读英语博士学位。

And at the time, she was also an instructor in the English department, teaching freshman writing classes.

当时，她还是英语系的一名讲师，教授新生写作课。

They were out trolling for liberals.

他们出去为自由主义者打官司。

And they got a live one on the line with me.

他们与我在线上进行了现场直播。

Courtney had read about Turning Point and believed it was far more sinister than Katie's table made it appear.

考特尼读过《转折点》，并相信它远比凯蒂桌子上所表现的更加险恶。

She first learned about it because of the Professor Watchlist, which is pretty much exactly what it sounds like.

她第一次了解到这一点是因为教授观察名单，这几乎正是它听起来的样子。

Turning Point publishes the names of professors who have said things that are offensive to its values and puts their photos on the website.

《转折点》公布了那些曾说过冒犯其价值观的教授的姓名，并将他们的照片放在网站上。

Offenses that can land the professor on the Watchlist include sniping at Republicans, being anti-Israel, writing too urgently about white privilege or the patriarchy, or saying the NRA is partly to blame for mass shootings.

可以将这位教授列入观察名单的罪行包括狙击共和党人、反以色列、过于紧迫地谈论白人特权或父权制，或者说全国步枪协会对大规模枪击事件负有部分责任。

Courtney knew of professors who had been bombarded with violent or hateful messages, and even placed on leave or fired after having their misdeeds trumpeted by conservative media outlets like Campus Reform.

考特尼知道有些教授遭到暴力或仇恨信息的轰炸，甚至在校园改革等保守媒体大肆宣扬他们的罪行后被停职或解雇。

Courtney thinks Turning Point puts a target on professors' backs.

考特尼认为《转折点》把目标放在了教授身上。

They harass professors.

They provoke them.

They send agent provocateurs to college campuses.

他们派密探到大学校园。

They also want to remove the humanities from the curriculum if that curriculum is not sufficiently conservative.

如果课程不够保守，他们还希望从课程中删除人文学科。

Courtney left the plaza and rushed back to her office, grabbed some poster board and a marker, and scrawled a sign that said--

考特尼离开广场，冲回办公室，抓起一些海报板和记号笔，潦草地写了一个牌子，上面写着——

When Courtney says neo-Fascism, she basically means the platform of the current Republican Party-- anti-abortion, pro-gun, hard-line on immigration.

当考特尼说新法西斯主义时，她基本上指的是当前共和党的纲领——反堕胎、支持枪支、对移民采取强硬立场。

My producer Dana Chivvis and I talked to Courtney together.

我的制片人达纳·奇维斯 (Dana Chivvis) 和我一起采访了考特尼。

Nope, I don't think so.

不，我不这么认为。

Dana Chivvis Who did you write the sign for?

Dana Chivvis 你为谁写了这个标语？

People walking by.

People who were thinking that, oh, this looks like a cool-- oh, no. This is neo-Fascism.

人们认为，哦，这看起来很酷——哦，不。这就是新法西斯主义。

Whoa.

哇哦。

You know?

你知道？

[LAUGHS]

[笑]

She made the sign and went back to the plaza where Katie was.

她做了个手势，然后回到了凯蒂所在的广场。

She was set up in this area where all of the crazy street preachers are, the Jehovah's Witnesses come.

她设立在这个地区，那里是所有疯狂的街头传教士、耶和华见证人聚集的地方。

She was in that area.

She was on the mall, OK?

And I'm like, fair game.

You're on the mall.

Here we go.

开始了。

And I went to stand in front of the table maybe about a meter away, walking back and forth in front of the table.

我走到桌子前大约一米远的地方，在桌子前来回走动。

And I had started chanting, "No KKK, no neo-Nazi USA."

我开始高喊：“没有三K党，就没有新纳粹美国。”

(CHANTING) No KKK!

No neo-Fascist USA!

没有新法西斯美国！

Fight white nationalism!

Fight white supremacy!

The student, Katie, was taken aback.

学生凯蒂大吃一惊。

She didn't go out that day to make a video of a snowflake.

那天她没有出去拍雪花的视频。

It was her first day.

这是她的第一天。

She says she really just wanted to sign up some students and try out her patter.

她说她真的只是想招收一些学生并尝试一下她的模式。

Of course, she understood this kind of thing might happen.

当然，她明白可能会发生这种事情。

But now she was in the middle of it, and it was kind of intense.

但现在她正处于其中，而且有点激烈。

And she was alone.

而她孤身一人。

And here was Courtney, treating her like some kind of race warrior.

考特尼就在这里，对待她就像对待某种种族战士一样。

It was humiliating.

这太丢脸了。

I mean, I don't think anyone wants to be associated-- well, any normal person would not want to be associated with the KKK or being racist.

我的意思是，我认为没有人愿意与之有联系——嗯，任何正常人都不想与三K党有联系或成为种族主义者。

(CHANTING) No KKK!

（高呼）没有三K党！

No NRA!

没有全国步枪协会！

No neo-Fascist USA!

Fight white nationalism!

I mean, at first I almost laughed.

我的意思是，一开始我几乎笑了。

It was like, oh, gosh.

就像，哦，天哪。

What's she doing?

她在做什么？

And that's when I actually first got just my Snapchat out, I mean, I Snapchat everything.

那是我第一次真正拿出我的 Snapchat 的时候，我的意思是，我用 Snapchat 记录一切。

She was screaming.

她在尖叫。

So I just took a video.

所以我就拍了一个视频。

But then it started progressively getting more intense and worse.

但随后事情开始变得越来越激烈、越来越糟。

And I started getting a lot more nervous.

我开始变得更加紧张。

When they're saying, "no KKK," and they're saying you're racist, were you like, what the hell are you talking about?

当他们说“反对三K党”并且说你是种族主义者时，你到底在说什么？

I just thought they were saying it because I was conservative.

我只是认为他们这么说是因为我很保守。

To some people who are on the way left, I would say they want to say all conservatives are racist.

对于一些左翼人士，我想说他们想说所有保守派都是种族主义者。

Courtney says she was using "KKK" as shorthand for "you're racist." She says Turning Point tries to provoke racial resentment in white people.

考特尼说，她使用“三K党”作为“你是种族主义者”的简写。她说“转折点”试图激起白人的种族怨恨。

And race is something they talk about a fair amount.

种族是他们经常谈论的话题。

Charlie Kirk, the founder, has called the concept of white privilege a, quote, "myth and a lie." He says it's a racist idea.

创始人查理·柯克（Charlie Kirk）将白人特权的概念称为“神话和谎言”。他说这是一个种族主义想法。

Turning Point also thinks affirmative action is racist, a point it tries to make by encouraging its campus chapters to hold affirmative action bake sales.

转折点还认为平权行动是种族主义，它试图通过鼓励校园分会举办平权行动烘焙义卖来表达这一点。

They sell cookies to black students for $0.50.

他们以 0.5 美元的价格向黑人学生出售饼干。

White students have to pay $2.

白人学生必须支付2美元。

All that, to Courtney, is KKK-ish.

对于考特尼来说，所有这些都是三K党式的。

I mean, it's a loaded term, but sometimes you have to use hyperbole to get people's attention too.

我的意思是，这是一个含义丰富的术语，但有时你也必须使用夸张来引起人们的注意。

It's a rhetorical thing.

这是一个修辞的事情。

I've watched this one video Katie took a bunch of times, and it always feels awkward.

我看过凯蒂拍摄的这段视频很多次，但总是感觉很尴尬。

Usually, campus protests involve large groups of people whose chanting and sign waving makes sense because they're in a crowd.

通常，校园抗议活动会涉及一大群人，他们高呼口号和挥舞标语是有意义的，因为他们在人群中。

But in Katie's video, Courtney is mostly alone.

但在凯蒂的视频中，考特尼大部分时间都是独自一人。

She's pacing with her sign, calling out like a carnival barker.

她随着标牌来回踱步，像嘉年华的叫喊者一样大声喊叫。

The plaza is huge and mostly empty.

广场很大，但大部分都是空的。

Someone on a bike whizzes by, tumbleweed style.

有人骑着自行车呼啸而过，风滚草般。

Katie walked out from behind her table to get a better shot.

凯蒂从桌子后面走出来，以便更好地拍摄。

She starts narrating.

她开始叙述。

Neo-fascist Becky right here.

新法西斯贝基就在这里。

Becky the neo-fascist right here wants to destroy public schools, public universities, hates DACA kids.

贝基这个新法西斯分子想要摧毁公立学校、公立大学，她讨厌 DACA 的孩子。

What's a neo-fascist Becky?

什么是新法西斯贝基？

Courtney Lawton A Becky is a white woman who weaponizes her whiteness and her white privilege.

考特尼·劳顿·贝基 (Courtney Lawton A Becky) 是一位白人女性，她将自己的白人身份和白人特权作为武器。

That's Courtney, who's a white woman, by the way.

顺便说一句，这是考特尼，她是一名白人女性。

I wondered if Katie was familiar with the term.

我想知道凯蒂是否熟悉这个词。

Did you know what that was?

你知道那是什么吗？

Katie Mullen Yeah.

凯蒂·马伦是的。

I mean, I knew what it was just because it's slang, a lot of times what they call white girls, Becky.

我的意思是，我知道它是什么，只是因为它是俚语，很多时候他们称之为白人女孩，贝基。

So I knew what she was getting at when she was saying that.

所以当她说这句话时我知道她的意思。

What was she getting at?

她想说什么？

Katie Mullen Just, I guess, calling me a little white girl or whatever.

凯蒂·马伦我猜只是叫我白人小女孩之类的。

She's neo-fascist Becky.

她是新法西斯主义者贝基。

Katie and Courtney circled each other, one woman armed with a cell phone, the other with a poster board.

凯蒂和考特尼围成一圈，一个女人拿着手机，另一个女人拿着海报板。

And then--

然后——

I flipped her off.

我把她甩掉了。

The minute I did it, I was like, this is the kind of thing they're looking for.

当我这样做的那一刻，我就想，这就是他们正在寻找的东西。

This is it.

就是这样。

In fact, I thought to myself, well, if you take a picture, it will last longer.

事实上，我心里想，好吧，如果你拍一张照片，它会持续更长时间。

You liked doing it.

你喜欢这样做。

Courtney Lawton They were there to be provocative, and I'm there to answer the provocation.

考特尼·劳顿：他们是来挑衅的，我是来回应挑衅的。

On her first day, all of these scenarios Turning Point talks about happened to Katie.

在凯蒂第一天，《转折点》中谈到的所有这些场景都发生在凯蒂身上。

Somebody had tried to kick her into a free speech zone.

有人试图把她踢进言论自由区。

A triggered liberal who didn't want her kind on campus had called her names and accused her of racism.

And she reacted the way Turning Point teaches its soldiers to react, by taking out her camera and filming.

她的反应就像《转折点》教导士兵的反应一样，拿出相机进行拍摄。

Courtney knew she was playing to type, the liberal academic who cried racism.

考特尼知道她是在玩打字游戏，这位自由派学者大声疾呼种族主义。

But she didn't really care.

但她并不真正关心。

She was there to make a scene.

她是来大吵大闹的。

Did she react at all when you flipped her off?

当你拒绝她时她有反应吗？

She laughed.

她笑了。

She thought it was hilarious.

她觉得这很搞笑。

And she got up in my face and she started walking with me to get me, to film me and stuff.

她当着我的面站起来，开始和我一起走来接我，给我录像等等。

And I think at one point I told her, you might get a better shot if you turn your camera landscape and not portrait.

我想有一次我告诉她，如果你把相机转向横向而不是纵向，你可能会拍出更好的照片。

Hot tip.

热点提示。

[LAUGHS] I mean, I was so indignant.

[笑]我的意思是，我非常愤怒。

She's around my mom's age, from what I heard.

据我所知，她和我妈妈年龄相仿。

So it was surprising behavior coming from someone who's a lot older than me.

所以，对于一个比我年长很多的人来说，这种行为是令人惊讶的。

That a woman who I presumed to be a professor at the university, who's in her 40s, would act like that, I guess.

我猜，一个四十多岁的女士，我猜是大学教授，会做出这样的行为。

And then it started getting into-- we're saying the F-word, and you racist eff, you.

然后它开始进入——我们说脏话，你这个种族主义者。

It's my effing First Amendment, and then now screaming at people passing by.

So at this point, I stopped recording.

所以到了这个时候，我就停止了录音。

And I called one of my friends.

我打电话给我的一位朋友。

And I was like, I don't know what to do.

我当时想，我不知道该怎么办。

Katie says that there were some F bombs thrown around at the protest, things like, it's my effing First Amendment or you racist eff.

It is my effing First Amendment.

这是我的第一修正案。

It is my effing First Amendment.

这是我的第一修正案。

But there were F-bombs bombs flying around?

但是到处都是F弹炸弹？

Eff Charlie Kirk?

艾夫·查理·柯克？

Courtney Lawton Oh, yeah.

考特尼·劳顿噢，是的。

Eff that guy.

哎呀那个家伙。

Things were getting ugly.

事情变得越来越难看。

Katie was feeling overwhelmed.

凯蒂感到不知所措。

She didn't really want to be there anymore, but she also didn't want to leave.

She didn't want the liberal activist to think they'd won.

A woman walking by saw Katie surrounded by three protesters.

One of them was being really aggressive.

其中之一非常具有攻击性。

Katie looked upset.

凯蒂看起来很沮丧。

The woman, who worked for the university, mouthed the words, are you OK?

Katie shook her head no. Then she started crying.

凯蒂摇摇头说不。然后她开始哭泣。

At this point, I was just a complete mess.

此时，我简直是一团糟。

It was-- [CHUCKLES] not the greatest situation.

这——[轻笑]不是最好的情况。

One of the other protesters was an English professor named Amanda Gailey.

She wasn't chanting or swearing like Courtney.

她不像考特尼那样高喊口号或咒骂。

Instead, she stood off to the side and quietly held a sign that said, "Turning Point: Please put me on your watch list." It was a gesture of solidarity with the professors the group had singled out.

But when Katie got upset, Amanda decided to call a timeout.

I thought, this is not good.

我想，这样不好。

We don't want people to feel like this on campus.

So I rolled up my sign.

于是我卷起了我的牌子。

And I went over and asked her if she was OK.

我走过去问她是否还好。

And I told her that I wanted her to know that I was not there to protest her and I had no hard feelings towards her.

I was there to protest her organization.

我去那里是为了抗议她的组织。

And I said, I would like to talk to you sometime, if you're up for it, when we don't have all these people around, in a non-hostile environment.

And I said, would that be OK?

我说，这样可以吗？

And she said yes.

她说是的。

Katie gave Amanda a piece of paper and the professor wrote down her email address.

凯蒂给了阿曼达一张纸，教授写下了她的电子邮件地址。

Did it make you feel bad?

这让你感觉很糟糕吗？

Amanda Gailey Yeah.

阿曼达·盖利是的。

I think it did make me feel bad that she looked upset.

Courtney felt differently.

考特尼有不同的感觉。

Courtney Lawton Oh, please.

考特尼·劳顿哦，拜托。

I don't care, because you've signed on with this group.

If you're going to be politically active, there's no crying.

如果你想积极参与政治活动，就没有必要哭泣。

Courtney draws a line between her identity as an activist and her identity as a teacher.

考特尼在她作为活动家的身份和作为教师的身份之间划清了界限。

She says she doesn't push her politics on her students.

她说她不会将自己的政治观点强加给学生。

Why didn't you take that tact with Katie?

你为什么不对凯蒂采取这种策略呢？

Because I'm not her teacher and it wasn't my classroom.

因为我不是她的老师，也不是我的教室。

When Courtney looked at Katie sitting at her Turning Point table, she didn't see a student who wanted to sign up classmates for a club.

当考特尼看着坐在转折点桌子旁的凯蒂时，她没有看到一个想要为同学报名参加俱乐部的学生。

She didn't see a student at all.

她根本没有看到一个学生。

She saw a professional operative from a powerful national organization that wanted to eradicate from public education the people and ideas she held dear.

她看到一名来自强大国家组织的专业特工想要从公共教育中消除她所珍视的人民和思想。

Turning Point was Fox News.

转折点是福克斯新闻。

It was the Koch brothers.

这是科赫兄弟。

It was President Trump.

这是特朗普总统。

This was an invasion.

这是一次入侵。

And the soft spoken teenager handing out "I Heart Capitalism" stickers was the tip of the spear.

而那个说话轻声细语、分发“我热爱资本主义”贴纸的少年就是矛尖。

The confrontation lasted about 20 minutes.

冲突持续了约20分钟。

Katie left the plaza, still upset.

凯蒂离开广场，仍然心烦意乱。

The protesters dispersed.

抗议者散去。

And in another world, that would have been that.

在另一个世界，那就是这样。

Maybe the student would have emailed the professor to clear the air.

也许学生会发电子邮件给教授澄清误会。

Maybe she would have lodged a complaint.

也许她会提出投诉。

Maybe an administrator or two would have gotten involved.

也许一两个管理员会参与其中。

In any case, you and I wouldn't have heard about it.

无论如何，你和我都不会听说过这件事。

But that's not the world we live in-- at least, not anymore.

但这不是我们生活的世界——至少现在不再是。

Instead, the outrage machine lurched into motion.

相反，愤怒机器突然启动了。

That's what people in higher education sometimes call it, the network of right-wing websites that have emerged to pounce on stories big and small about liberals behaving badly on campus.

这就是高等教育界人士有时称之为的右翼网站网络，这些网站的出现专门针对自由主义者在校园里的不良行为的大大小小的故事。

Student activists send up a bat signal so conservatives around the country can see it and come running.

学生活动分子发出蝙蝠信号，以便全国各地的保守派看到它并跑过来。

That afternoon, Katie did interviews with Turning Point's news division and with Campus Reform, that news site with the student correspondents on campuses.

那天下午，凯蒂接受了转折点新闻部门和校园改革新闻网站的采访，校园里有学生记者。

She also tweeted her photos, including the one of Courtney giving her the middle finger.

她还在推特上发布了自己的照片，其中包括考特尼对她竖中指的照片。

Her tweet said, quote, "Tabling for TP USA today and UNL faculty came to protest, screaming profanities.

她的推文称，“今天为 TP USA 开会，UNL 的教职人员前来抗议，尖叫着脏话。

They won't silence me.

他们不会让我沉默。

I will continue to fight for freedom."

我将继续为自由而战。”

Charlie Kirk saw her video and huddled with his team.

查理·柯克看到了她的视频并与他的团队挤在一起。

They slapped a Turning Point logo on the video and Charlie tweeted it out, with a note saying, quote, "Intolerant left strikes again."

他们在视频上贴上了“转折点”标志，查理将其发布到推特上，并附上一条注释，引用“不容忍左派再次罢工”。

That must have felt exciting.

那一定感觉很兴奋。

Katie Mullen I guess it was, if I look back just a year before.

凯蒂·马伦（Katie Mullen）如果我回顾一年前，我想是的。

I was following him on Twitter.

我在推特上关注了他。

But I mean, I think it was a big deal, what did happen.

但我的意思是，我认为发生的事情是一件大事。

I started the conversation in the state of Nebraska that this is happening here.

我在内布拉斯加州开始谈话，说这里正在发生这种情况。

And it's not just happening at Berkeley.

这不仅仅发生在伯克利。

It's happening in Nebraska.

它发生在内布拉斯加州。

For conservatives who are anxious about campus politics, the University of California at Berkeley is Gomorrah, PC U, the bottom of the slippery slope.

对于担心校园政治的保守派来说，加州大学伯克利分校就是蛾摩拉、PC U、滑坡的底部。

The University of Nebraska, on the other hand, is not typically a hotbed of political activism.

另一方面，内布拉斯加大学通常不是政治活动主义的温床。

There have been a couple Black Lives Matter rallies, and anti-abortion groups have marched there too.

已经举行了几次“黑人生命也是命”集会，反堕胎团体也在那里游行。

But Berkeley, it is not.

但伯克利却不是。

When I asked people if the student body was liberal or conservative, they usually said neither.

当我问人们学生团体是自由派还是保守派时，他们通常都说两者都不是。

That a lot of the kids come from conservative backgrounds, but that most aren't very political, one way or another.

很多孩子都来自保守派背景，但大多数人无论如何都不那么政治化。

The protest was on a Friday.

抗议活动发生在周五。

Turning Point sent up the bat signal, and by Monday, there were articles about Courtney and Amanda in the The Daily Wire, The College Fix, Gateway Pundit, and Breitbart.

《转折点》发出了蝙蝠信号，到周一，《每日电讯报》、《College Fix》、Gateway Pundit 和 Breitbart 上都刊登了有关考特尼和阿曼达的文章。

University administrators got messages from furious Nebraskans.

大学管理人员收到了愤怒的内布拉斯加人发来的信息。

Hi, Gail.

嗨，盖尔。

My name is Bill Forbes.

我的名字是比尔·福布斯。

I'm calling from out in Western Nebraska.

我是从内布拉斯加州西部打来的。

Well, furious for Nebraska.

好吧，对内布拉斯加州感到愤怒。

Bill Forbes And I would like to recommend-- there needs to be an example, I believe, made of this professor.

比尔·福布斯我想建议——我相信，需要有一位以这位教授为榜样的例子。

And I certainly would not insinuate that her livelihood should be removed from her.

我当然不会暗示应该剥夺她的生计。

But I do believe that she needs to have an unpaid leave of absence.

但我确实相信她需要无薪休假。

I would really appreciate hearing from you.

我非常感谢您的来信。

Thank you so much, ma'am.

非常感谢你，女士。

Bye, bye.

再见，再见。

Others were more direct.

其他人则更直接。

A guy named Doug Kagan, who runs a group called Nebraska Taxpayers for Freedom, also wanted the university to do something about liberal bullies.

一个名叫道格·卡根（Doug Kagan）的人经营着一个名为“内布拉斯加州纳税人自由”的组织，他也希望大学对自由派恶霸采取一些措施。

And he wanted them to make some bigger changes while they were at it.

他希望他们在这样做的同时做出一些更大的改变。

He suggested they eliminate some line items from their budget, including the women's studies program, the ethnic studies program, the LGBT programs, English as a second language, the diversity resources office, and money set aside for affirmative action.

他建议他们从预算中取消一些项目，包括妇女研究项目、种族研究项目、LGBT 项目、英语作为第二语言、多元化资源办公室以及为平权行动预留的资金。

This is a good example of what can happen when Turning Point publicizes these incidents on campuses.

这是一个很好的例子，说明当转折点在校园内公布这些事件时可能会发生什么。

It brings conservatives out of the woodwork with ideas about what the public universities should and shouldn't be doing.

它让保守派人士对公立大学应该做什么和不应该做什么提出了想法。

Katie never emailed Amanda Gailey, the professor at the protest who had offered to talk.

凯蒂从未给抗议活动中主动提出谈话的教授阿曼达·盖利（Amanda Gailey）发过电子邮件。

In fact, in the week after the incident when the local talk radio host asked her if any of the protesters had tried to engage in dialogue, she didn't mention the email offer.

事实上，事件发生一周后，当当地谈话电台主持人问她是否有抗议者试图进行对话时，她没有提到电子邮件的提议。

She told them, there was no dialogue.

她告诉他们，没有对话。

I stood there as they were hurling these insults at me.

当他们对我进行这些侮辱时，我站在那里。

As the story was retold, Courtney's behavior on the plaza was pluralized in a way that made it sound a bit like Katie had been accosted by a mob.

随着故事的重述，考特尼在广场上的行为变得多元化，听起来有点像凯蒂被暴徒搭讪。

They were shouting at her, cussing at her, calling her names.

他们对她大喊大叫，咒骂她，辱骂她。

This is Hal Daub, a prominent Nebraska Republican who's on the university's board of regents.

我是哈尔·道布 (Hal Daub)，一位著名的内布拉斯加州共和党人，也是该大学的董事会成员。

He's describing the scene on local talk radio.

他在当地谈话电台中描述了这一场景。

And just really threatened her and bullied her to a point of tears.

还真的威胁她，欺负她到流泪的地步。

And now, she's a marked person and has, to some degree, perhaps have further safety issues because of these employees.

现在，她是一个引人注目的人，并且在某种程度上，可能因为这些员工而存在进一步的安全问题。

Katie was no longer just a young conservative who loved America and hated big government.

凯蒂不再只是一个热爱美国、讨厌大政府的年轻保守派。

She's now a free speech crusader.

她现在是一名言论自由斗士。

The right has taken up free speech on campus as a rallying cry, pointing to speakers who had been shouted down or had their events canceled by universities.

右翼人士将校园言论自由作为战斗口号，指出那些被大学压制或取消活动的演讲者。

Katie was another conservative who had been silenced by a liberal bully.

凯蒂是另一位被自由派恶霸压制的保守派。

And so, two weeks after the protest, on another sunny Friday, she returned to the plaza, this time with a giant beach ball, a free speech beach ball.

因此，抗议活动两周后，在另一个阳光明媚的星期五，她回到了广场，这次带着一个巨大的沙滩球，一个言论自由的沙滩球。

It's just promoting free speech.

这只是促进言论自由。

It's a huge beach ball.

这是一个巨大的沙滩球。

And then anyone can sign it with anything they want to say.

然后任何人都可以在上面签上任何他们想说的话。

It's actually really cool.

实际上真的很酷。

It's really fun.

真的很有趣。

Why a beach ball?

为什么是沙滩球？

Katie Mullen I think just because it's easy to sign.

凯蒂·马伦（Katie Mullen）我认为只是因为它很容易签名。

It's just something fun, eye catching.

这只是有趣、引人注目的事情。

She had gotten the gigantic beach ball-- it's 12 feet in diameter-- from the Leadership Institute, the organization that runs Campus Reform.

她从负责校园改革的组织领导学院那里得到了这个直径 12 英尺的巨大沙滩球。

Page 39 of the Turning Point chapter handbook includes detailed instructions on how to run a free speech ball event, beginning with how to inflate the ball with an electric pump and how many people you'll need to hand out markers, take pictures, and help you roll it around campus.

《转折点》章节手册的第 39 页包含有关如何举办自由演讲球活动的详细说明，首先是如何用电动泵给球充气，以及需要多少人来分发标记、拍照并帮助您在校园内滚动球。

Nebraska state senator Steve Halloran walked the seven blocks up from the capital to pose for a photo with Katie.

内布拉斯加州参议员史蒂夫·哈洛伦从首都步行七个街区与凯蒂合影。

By the time he arrived, the giant beach ball was covered in messages from UNL students-- fuck communists, fuck Antifa terrorists, fuck Hillary, fuck Donald Trump, fuck everyone who's funding this.

当他到达时，巨大的沙滩球上已经布满了来自内布拉斯加州大学学生的信息——操共产党员，操安提法恐怖分子，操希拉里，操唐纳德·特朗普，操所有资助这个项目的人。

The senator managed to find space for his own message-- "Thank God for our freedom of speech."

这位参议员设法为自己的信息找到了空间——“感谢上帝给我们言论自由。”

He and other senators had heard from constituents about Courtney's protest.

他和其他参议员从选民那里听到了考特尼的抗议。

They didn't like what they heard.

他们不喜欢他们所听到的。

Senator Tom Brewer wrote to the university president directly, quote, "This event is being watched very closely by the unicameral." In other words, we have our eye on you.

参议员汤姆·布鲁尔直接写信给大学校长，引用说：“一院制正在密切关注这一事件。”换句话说，我们关注的是您。

Do the right thing.

做正确的事。

The outrage machine had done its job.

愤怒机器已经完成了它的任务。

On Twitter, people called Courtney unstable, a loudmouth, a clown, a, quote, "tormented individual with an addiction to ignorance." 11 days after the incident, Courtney was called into a meeting with the university's executive vice chancellor, who told her that she would not be teaching anymore, at least not for the time being.

在推特上，人们称考特尼不稳定，是个大嘴人，是个小丑，“用无知上瘾的方式折磨着一个人”。事件发生 11 天后，考特尼被叫去与大学执行副校长开会，校长告诉她，她不会再教书了，至少暂时不会。

Courtney wasn't being fired, the vice chancellor said, but the university was worried about her safety and the safety of her students.

副校长表示，考特尼并没有被解雇，但学校担心她和学生的安全。

Courtney says the vice chancellor asked her if she would have done anything differently in retrospect.

考特尼说，副校长问她回想起来是否会采取不同的做法。

Courtney said no, no regrets.

考特尼说不，不后悔。

I think that if I had said to her, I apologize.

我想如果我对她说过的话，我会道歉。

I'm sorry.

对不起。

I shouldn't have done that.

我不应该那样做。

This is a terrible situation.

这是一个可怕的情况。

But I didn't feel that way.

但我没有这样的感觉。

And I don't feel that way.

但我不这么认为。

And I'm not going to apologize.

我不会道歉。

Courtney's protest on the plaza was nothing out the ordinary for her.

考特尼在广场上的抗议对她来说没什么不寻常的。

She's an activist, mostly for gun control.

她是一名积极分子，主要致力于枪支管制。

And she's testified against bills in the Nebraska state capital before.

她之前曾在内布拉斯加州首府作证反对法案。

It was her mother who taught her to protest.

是她母亲教她抗议的。

But it was her father, a conservative, who showed her how to never give an inch.

但她的父亲，一位保守派，教会了她如何永不让步。

Dad made talking politics a blood sport.

爸爸让谈论政治成为一项血腥运动。

It really was.

确实如此。

I mean, we would be in the car and he would pick a topic, and we would debate it.

我的意思是，我们会在车里，他会选择一个话题，我们会进行辩论。

So I was raised to do this.

所以我从小就被培养去做这件事。

I was raised to talk politics.

我从小就被教导要谈论政治。

And my sister remembers it as being very abusive.

我姐姐记得那是非常侮辱性的。

She remembers it being like my father would back me into a rhetorical corner until I cried out of frustration, and then would take us out for dinner.

她记得，就像我父亲会把我逼到一个言辞的角落，直到我因沮丧而哭泣，然后带我们出去吃晚饭。

Courtney says her father's politics borders on fascism.

考特尼说她父亲的政治近乎法西斯主义。

Still, she says they're very close.

不过，她说他们非常亲密。

Inevitably, news of her protest made it to his computer screen.

她抗议的消息不可避免地出现在他的电脑屏幕上。

My dad found out about this on Breitbart and TheBlaze, because that's all he reads.

我父亲在 Breitbart 和 TheBlaze 上发现了这一点，因为他只读这些。

And he called me.

他打电话给我。

And he said, you know, you've always done this.

他说，你知道，你一直都是这样做的。

You've always played with fire.

你总是在玩火。

And then he said, you're toxic.

然后他说，你有毒。

You're never going to get a job in academia.

你永远不会在学术界找到工作。

You probably will never be able to teach again.

你可能永远无法再教书了。

And I want you to know that you've done this to yourself.

我想让你知道，这是你自己做的。

Some of Courtney's colleagues on the faculty did come to her defense.

考特尼的一些同事确实为她辩护。

After she was removed from the classroom, about 50 of them held a small rally on campus, waving signs that said things like, "Don't gag our educators." The university had to answer publicly for what had happened.

她被带出教室后，大约 50 名学生在校园内举行了一次小型集会，挥舞着标语，上面写着“不要堵住我们教育工作者的嘴”。该大学必须对所发生的事情公开做出回应。

University president Hank Bounds went on a local talk radio show in Lincoln.

大学校长汉克·邦兹 (Hank Bounds) 参加了林肯当地的脱口秀节目。

The host, Coby Mach, speaks first.

主持人科比·马赫首先发言。

She flipped her off.

她把她甩掉了。

Hey, listen.

嘿，听着。

That's protected by free speech, I think, as well.

我认为这也受到言论自由的保护。

Doesn't make it appropriate.

不让它合适。

Coby Mach But she called her a neo-fascist Becky.

科比·马赫但她称她为新法西斯主义者贝基。

Yep.

是的。

Coby Mach And she said that a couple of times.

科比·马赫她说过好几次了。

And a "Becky" is referred to as a white woman, only you substitute the woman for a rather nasty name, a white woman who performs sex acts.

“贝基”被称为白人女性，只是你用一个相当令人讨厌的名字来代替这个女人，一个进行性行为的白人女性。

I have to say, one of the stranger outcomes of Courtney's protest was that it apparently sent the nice folks of Nebraska to UrbanDictionary.com in order to decode the meaning of "Becky." The definition that involves sex acts is not the first one listed, but it's definitely the one people gravitated toward.

我不得不说，考特尼抗议的一个奇怪的结果是，它显然将内布拉斯加州的好人们带到了 UrbanDictionary.com，以解码“贝基”的含义。涉及性行为的定义并不是第一个列出的，但它绝对是人们所倾向于的定义。

Courtney's rather academic definition, a white woman who weaponizes her white privilege, isn't on there at all.

考特尼相当学术的定义，即一个将白人特权武器化的白人女性，根本不存在。

Regardless, the radio host thought she went too far.

不管怎样，电台主持人认为她做得太过分了。

And some say that that goes beyond intimidation, that that even borders on hate speech.

有人说这超出了恐吓的范围，甚至接近仇恨言论。

So you understand why people want to know what's happening with this person that apparently is still on staff.

所以你就明白为什么人们想知道这个显然仍在工作人员身上发生的事情了。

So I completely understand.

所以我完全理解。

I have been abundantly clear that it's inappropriate.

我已经非常清楚地表明这是不合适的。

That does not meet our standard of behavior.

这不符合我们的行为标准。

And I think we're all glad to hear that though.

我想我们都很高兴听到这个消息。

It's inappropriate.

这是不合适的。

Steve Kolowich When President Bounds issued an official statement about the incident, he made this distinction.

史蒂夫·科洛维奇（Steve Kolowich）当邦兹总统就这一事件发表正式声明时，他做出了这样的区分。

This wasn't about Courtney's right to free speech-- of course he supported that.

这与考特尼的言论自由权无关——他当然支持这一点。

No, this was about her lack of civility.

不，这是因为她缺乏礼貌。

In any case, we can all agree that Courtney called Katie a mean name.

无论如何，我们都同意考特尼称凯蒂为一个卑鄙的名字。

And a bunch of conservatives in Nebraska were offended.

内布拉斯加州的一群保守派人士被冒犯了。

Or maybe they were triggered.

或者也许他们被触发了。

There's this phrase we kept hearing while reporting this story, "Nebraska nice." It was a marketing slogan.

我们在报道这个故事时不断听到这句话，“内布拉斯加州很好”。这是一个营销口号。

The state tourism commission used it a few years ago.

国家旅游委员会几年前就使用过它。

But people seem to take it seriously.

It's the plastic on the couch cushions that keeps the political mud being slung across the country from leaving a stain on Nebraska.

沙发垫上的塑料可以防止全国各地的政治泥浆在内布拉斯加州留下污点。

Now, there are elements in Nebraska that threaten that niceness, that civility.

现在，内布拉斯加州的某些因素威胁到了这种友善和文明。

After what happened to Katie, a former chairman of the state Republican Party, this guy, JL Spray, was worried about one threat in particular.

在州共和党前主席凯蒂遭遇事件之后，JL 斯普雷这个家伙特别担心一个威胁。

There's a group called Betsy Riot that I think emanates from the faculty at the university.

有一个名为 Betsy Riot 的团体，我认为它源自大学的教员。

Betsy Riot is this sort of underground, punk, feminist collective whose members often conceal their identities with veils or creepy masks.

Betsy Riot 是一种地下、朋克、女权主义团体，其成员经常用面纱或令人毛骨悚然的面具隐藏自己的身份。

They're kind of like PETA, nonviolent, but pretty in your face and willing to commit vandalism to make a point.

他们有点像善待动物组织（PETA），非暴力，但面容漂亮，愿意通过破坏公物来表达自己的观点。

In Nebraska, the group had posted signs comparing the Boy Scouts to Hitler Youth.

在内布拉斯加州，该组织贴出了将童子军与希特勒青年团进行比较的标语。

Another time, a group of Betsys wearing sunglasses and surgical masks marched at the Nebraska state capital, carrying a tube of ointment the length of a sedan with a label that read, "Preparation H for the flaming assholes in our legislature."

还有一次，一群戴着墨镜和外科口罩的贝特西斯在内布拉斯加州首府游行，手里拿着一管轿车那么长的药膏，上面写着“为我们立法机关中那些燃烧的混蛋准备的H”。

And they threw blood on the door of a United States senator, which I think is a terroristic threat.

他们向一位美国参议员的门上洒血，我认为这是恐怖主义威胁。

The blood was fake, actually.

And it was found on the doors of both Nebraska senators after they said they would vote to repeal the Affordable Care Act.

内布拉斯加州两位参议员表示将投票废除《平价医疗法案》后，他们的门上就发现了它。

JL Spray thought Courtney was a member of Betsy Riot, which I told Courtney.

JL Spray 认为 Courtney 是 Betsy Riot 的成员，这是我告诉 Courtney 的。

And he thinks that you're in Betsy Riot.

And he thinks you were involved in throwing fake blood on some senators' doors.

他认为你参与了向一些参议员的门扔假血的行为。

Is he right about that?

他的说法正确吗？

I don't know.

我不知道。

He can think whatever he wants.

Are you in Betsy Riot?

你在贝特西骚乱吗？

Is that something that you want to talk about?

Are you a fan?

你是粉丝吗？

Courtney Lawton Well, I know that Betsy Riot is an anonymous organization.

Courtney Lawton 嗯，我知道 Betsy Riot 是一个匿名组织。

And it's all over the country.

They have a web page.

他们有一个网页。

You should totally check it out, BetsyRiot.com.

I have checked it out.

我已经查过了。

It seems like the kind of page you would like.

Well, they're pretty badass.

Steve Kolowich Courtney, for the first time in the many hours we talked, had little to say.

史蒂夫·科洛维奇·考特尼在我们交谈的几个小时里第一次没有什么可说的。

Steve Kolowich.

史蒂夫·科洛维奇。

Coming up, we move from the Brawl on the Mall to round two of this fight, the Fiasca in Nebraska.

接下来，我们将从购物中心的斗殴转向这场战斗的第二轮，即内布拉斯加州的 Fiasca。

That's in a minute, from Chicago Public Radio, when our program continues.

稍后，芝加哥公共广播电台将继续我们的节目。

It's This American Life.

这就是美国生活。

I'm Ira Glass.

我是艾拉·格拉斯。

Today's program, "My Effing First Amendment." If you're just tuning in, to review where we are, Turning Point USA has these tools-- video trainings and free speech balls and all kinds of stuff-- that they give to students so the students can go out and collect evidence and spread the word that there is a bias against conservatives on college campuses.

Today's program, "My Effing First Amendment."如果你只是想回顾一下我们的情况，美国转折点有这些工具——视频培训和自由演讲球以及各种各样的东西——他们为学生提供这些工具，以便学生们可以出去收集证据并传播大学校园里对保守派存在偏见的信息。

And also, liberals be nuts.

Katie Mullen deployed these tools in the first half of our program and started a conversation in the state of Nebraska.

凯蒂·马伦 (Katie Mullen) 在我们计划的前半部分部署了这些工具，并在内布拉斯加州开始了对话。

In the second half of the show, we see where that conversation led.

在节目的后半部分，我们看到了谈话的走向。

The conversation is supercharged emotionally for a bunch of reasons.

由于多种原因，谈话的情绪变得非常激动。

First off, as maybe you've noticed, everyone in America hates everyone who disagrees with them right now.

首先，也许你已经注意到，美国的每个人都讨厌现在与他们持不同意见的人。

But besides that, in Nebraska, there is something else to add to the mix.

但除此之外，在内布拉斯加州，还有其他一些东西可以添加到其中。

This college town is a blue dot in a big red state, which happens-- I have to say-- in so many places.

这个大学城是一个红色大州中的一个蓝点，我不得不说，这种情况在很多地方都会发生。

And yes, I'm talking to you, Austin, Texas and Athens, Georgia, and Lawrence, Kansas and so many other towns.

是的，我正在和你们说话，德克萨斯州奥斯汀、佐治亚州雅典、堪萨斯州劳伦斯以及许多其他城镇。

And when fights like this happen on campuses in these red states, the fight can move so quickly, to whether people in the state can trust the state universities.

当这样的争斗发生在这些红色州的校园里时，争斗可能会进展得如此之快，以至于该州的人们是否可以信任州立大学。

Again, here's Steve Kolowich.

Remember earlier, when I said that Courtney saw a Turning Point as an invading force with Katie as the tip of the spear?

还记得之前我说过考特尼将转折点视为入侵力量，而凯蒂则视为矛尖吗？

Well, some Nebraskans saw Courtney as the tip of a different spear.

好吧，一些内布拉斯加人将考特尼视为另一支矛的尖端。

They were convinced there was something far more sinister behind her protest, a shadowy force bent on destroying the Nebraska they knew.

他们确信她的抗议背后隐藏着更险恶的东西，一股阴暗的力量一心想要摧毁他们所知道的内布拉斯加州。

That guy, JL Spray, who thought Courtney was part of Betsy Riot, he put it well.

那个家伙，JL Spray，认为 Courtney 是 Betsy Riot 的一部分，他说得很好。

So I have a daughter at the university.

And I'm paying tuition for her to understand critical thinking, to get a liberal arts degree, to learn how to think for herself.

我为她支付学费，让她理解批判性思维，获得文科学位，学习如何独立思考。

And what they're doing to her is, well, I think what they're trying to do is de-hickify her.

他们对她做的事情是，嗯，我认为他们试图做的就是让她去胡须。

That's also not in the dictionary, but basically beat the hick out of her so that she's just a good little liberal like the rest of them.

这在字典里也没有，但基本上打败了她，所以她就像其他人一样是一个很好的小自由主义者。

The liberal bias of faculty is something conservatives have harped on for a while, and they're not wrong.

教师的自由主义偏见是保守派长期以来反复强调的问题，他们并没有错。

As of 2014, nationally, there are more self-identifying liberal professors than conservatives and moderates combined.

截至 2014 年，在全国范围内，自我认同为自由派的教授数量比保守派和温和派教授的总和还多。

And in the last few years, the percentage of Republicans who say colleges are having a negative effect on the country has increased significantly to 58%.

在过去几年中，认为大学对国家产生负面影响的共和党人比例大幅上升至 58%。

Katie became a source for Nebraskans who wanted to know exactly what was going on in the hallways at their state university.

凯蒂成为内布拉斯加人的消息来源，他们想确切地了解州立大学走廊里发生的事情。

And where she decided to go next was probably the most liberal hallway of the most liberal building in one of the most liberal counties in Nebraska.

她决定下一步去的地方可能是内布拉斯加州最自由的县之一最自由的建筑中最自由的走廊。

In October, the chancellor told her that what Courtney did was an isolated incident and she wouldn't be formally disciplined.

十月，财政大臣告诉她，考特尼的所作所为是一起孤立事件，她不会受到正式纪律处分。

After that meeting, Katie started tweeting about the pattern of liberalism that she saw infecting the entire English department, Courtney and Amanda's academic home.

在那次会议之后，凯蒂开始在推特上发布自由主义模式，她看到这种模式正在感染整个英语系、考特尼和阿曼达的学术之家。

She tweeted about signs on the English department building that said "No wall," "No ban," and "Resist." "Is this in a free speech zone?" she asked her followers.

她在推特上发布了英语系大楼上的标语，上面写着“禁止围墙”、“禁止禁令”和“抵抗”。 “这里是言论自由区吗？”她问她的追随者。

She tweeted about the department's mission statement and its core values, which include, quote, "affirming diversity and pursuing social justice." "Are they teaching English or teaching students to be social justice warriors?" Katie tweeted.

她在推特上介绍了该部门的使命宣言及其核心价值观，其中包括“肯定多样性和追求社会正义”。 “他们是教英语还是教学生成为社会正义斗士？”凯蒂发推文。

People noticed.

人们注意到了。

Campus Reform wrote about the English department.

校园改革写了关于英语系的文章。

And in Omaha, Chris Baker, a conservative radio host, also picked up on the story.

在奥马哈，保守派电台主持人克里斯·贝克也注意到了这个故事。

If you go to Andrews Hall-- you know, Andrews Hall, a historic building there at the University of Nebraska.

如果你去安德鲁斯厅——你知道，安德鲁斯厅，内布拉斯加大学的一座历史建筑。

It houses the English department, other such things.

它设有英语系和其他类似部门。

And if you look at the photos on my blog, it looks like-- it appears that various administrators and grad assistants--

如果你看一下我博客上的照片，你会发现，不同的管理员和研究生助理似乎——

--are decorating their windows with all kinds of communist propaganda such as "Resist." I love these people.

——用诸如“抵抗”之类的各种共产主义宣传来装饰他们的窗户。我爱这些人。

They're resisting.

他们在反抗。

What are you resisting?

你在抗拒什么？

I'm telling you, man, that must be one of the most exciting, bedwetting drum circles where they come up with this crap.

我告诉你，伙计，这一定是最令人兴奋、尿床的鼓圈之一，他们就是在那里想出这些废话的。

All right?

好的？

I know that some are going to say, oh, Chris, it's a First Amendment right.

我知道有些人会说，哦，克里斯，这是第一修正案的权利。

No, it's not.

不，不是。

You have a First Amendment right on your own time.

你可以在自己的时间里拥有第一修正案。

You don't have a First Amendment right when you're working for me, the taxpayer.

当你为我这个纳税人工作时，你就没有第一修正案的权利。

He's wrong, by the way.

顺便说一句，他错了。

All Americans have a First Amendment right, even the ones who work for Chris Baker.

所有美国人都享有第一修正案的权利，即使是为克里斯·贝克工作的人。

A public university can't tell its employees not to express personal political viewpoints.

公立大学不能告诉其员工不要表达个人政治观点。

It can make certain rules about how to express those views.

它可以就如何表达这些观点制定某些规则。

They can put reasonable limits on where you can hang a banner.

他们可以对悬挂横幅的位置设置合理的限制。

But those rules can't be based on what the banner says.

但这些规则不能基于横幅上的内容。

Teachers don't give up their First Amendment rights when they take the job.

教师在接受这份工作时不会放弃第一修正案的权利。

President Hank Bounds went on the radio and defended the English department.

汉克·邦兹校长在广播中为英语系辩护。

He said diversity is something a university should strive for.

他说，多样性是大学应该努力的目标。

But Katie kept her eyes peeled for evidence of liberalism in the English department.

但凯蒂一直密切关注英语系自由主义的证据。

A few months later, she took a picture of a sign that listed a bunch of different minority groups.

几个月后，她拍了一张标牌的照片，上面列出了许多不同的少数群体。

It said, "Students of color, you are welcome here.

上面写着：“有色人种的学生，欢迎你们来到这里。

Queer students, non-neurotypical students, Muslim and non-Christian students, you are welcome here." In the bottom left-hand corner of the sign was a woman's torso made of letters which spell, "My body, my business, motherfucker."

酷儿学生、非神经典型学生、穆斯林和非基督教学生，这里欢迎你们。”标牌的左下角是一个女人的躯干，上面写着“我的身体，我的事，混蛋。”

At the bottom where it said, my body, my business, mother-effer, I think that caught my eye a lot too, just the foul language of it.

在底部写着，我的身体，我的生意，母亲的奉献，我认为这也引起了我的注意，只是其中的脏话。

And just, I think, what else-- the fact it said Muslim, non-Christian.

我想，还有什么——事实上它说的是穆斯林，非基督徒。

It specified non-Christian students.

它指定了非基督徒学生。

I mean, I can understand where it's coming from.

我的意思是，我能理解它的来源。

And I totally agree that this place should be-- all are welcome here.

我完全同意这个地方应该——欢迎所有人来到这里。

But it did leave out some Christian white males.

但它确实遗漏了一些信仰基督教的白人男性。

It was just kind of like, is this appropriate?

只是有点像，这样合适吗？

It strikes me that what you're doing in the English department is to police what people in the English department say, at least in posters.

让我印象深刻的是，你们在英语系所做的就是监管英语系人员的言论，至少是在海报上。

That's utterly wrong.

那是完全错误的。

Steve Kolowich Why is that wrong?

史蒂夫·科洛维奇为什么这是错误的？

I'm not policing their thoughts.

我不会监管他们的想法。

I'm not policing what they say.

我不会监督他们所说的话。

I just don't find it appropriate to have foul language up at their place of work, my place of schooling.

我只是觉得在他们的工作地点、我的学校里说脏话是不合适的。

I mean, so many students are going through school, don't really know where they stand, don't really know what they believe in.

我的意思是，很多学生在上学时并不真正知道自己的立场，也不知道自己相信什么。

It's important that we're not spewing out this, I guess, hate almost towards Republicans and the other side.

我想，重要的是我们不要向共和党人和另一方宣扬这种仇恨。

Katie was offended by the effing poster and she worried that the English department was giving itself an unfair advantage in the battle for the minds of UNL's impressionable young students.

凯蒂被这张糟糕的海报冒犯了，她担心英语系在争夺内布拉斯加州大学易受影响的年轻学生的心智的斗争中给自己带来了不公平的优势。

Her new friends, the state senators, agreed.

她的新朋友，州参议员，同意了。

Senator Tom Brewer believed that the University of Nebraska should, quote, "reflect and respect the beliefs and values of all Nebraskans."

参议员汤姆·布鲁尔认为，内布拉斯加大学应该“反映并尊重所有内布拉斯加人的信仰和价值观”。

Senator Steve Halloran started working on a bill that would require the university to punish protesters who drown out free speech on campus, with harsher penalties for repeat offenders.

参议员史蒂夫·哈洛伦开始制定一项法案，要求大学惩罚那些淹没校园言论自由的抗议者，并对屡犯者给予更严厉的惩罚。

If the bill passed, the university would have to create something called a Committee on Free Expression.

如果该法案获得通过，大学将不得不成立一个名为言论自由委员会的机构。

Essentially, the committee would do what Turning Point did, report out any incidents where free speech was stepped on by anyone else in an annual summary for the governor and the legislature.

本质上，该委员会将做“转折点”所做的事情，在州长和立法机构的年度摘要中报告任何其他人践踏言论自由的事件。

Senator Halloran invited Katie Mullen to weigh in, telling a local newspaper that she met with his staff at least a dozen times to talk about it.

哈洛伦参议员邀请凯蒂·马伦参与进来，她告诉当地一家报纸，她至少与他的工作人员会面了十几次，讨论了这个问题。

In January, there was a hearing on the bill.

一月份，就该法案举行了听证会。

A bunch of people showed up to testify against it, including professors from UNL.

一群人出庭作证反对这一说法，其中包括内布拉斯加州大学的教授。

Many testified that it would have a chilling effect on free speech at the school.

许多人作证说，这会对学校的言论自由产生寒蝉效应。

Some alleged that the senators were trying to crack down on the speech of liberal faculty members.

一些人声称参议员们试图压制自由派教职员工的言论。

One law professor said the bill was alarmingly vague.

一位法学教授表示，该法案含糊得令人震惊。

He worried that it could lead to the government influencing what teachers discuss in the classroom.

他担心这可能会导致政府影响教师在课堂上讨论的内容。

And weirdly, that fear sort of came true right there in the hearing room.

奇怪的是，这种恐惧就在听证室里成真了。

Senator Mike Groene, the chair of the education committee, questioned some of the UNL faculty members about the politics of the English department.

教育委员会主席、参议员迈克·格罗尼(Mike Groene)向内布拉斯加州大学的一些教员询问了英语系的政治问题。

Amanda Gailey was one of them.

阿曼达·盖利就是其中之一。

Well, I will give you a chance, because it's out there about the website for the university.

好吧，我会给你一个机会，因为那里有关于大学的网站。

It's out there?

它在外面吗？

Mike Groene On the English department.

迈克·格罗尼 (Mike Groene) 在英语系。

And it's got very little to do with Shakespeare or Chauncey or any of those people.

这与莎士比亚或昌西或这些人中的任何一个都没有什么关系。

Have you looked at our course catalog, sir?

先生，您看过我们的课程目录了吗？

Do you realize that a class on Shakespeare is taught, I believe, every semester in our department?

我相信，你知道我们系每学期都会开设莎士比亚课吗？

And that when I listened to inexpert outsiders criticizing our curriculum for teaching social justice issues last fall, I was in the middle of teaching T.S.

去年秋天，当我听到不专业的局外人批评我们教授社会正义问题的课程时，我正在教授 T.S.

Eliot, Walt Whitman, and Emily Dickinson in my courses.

艾略特、沃尔特·惠特曼和艾米莉·狄金森在我的课程中。

Because the people leading this attack have absolutely no interest in--

因为领导这次袭击的人对——

Courtney watched from the front row while Amanda defended the English department at this hearing that was supposed to be about free speech.

考特尼在前排观看，而阿曼达在这场本应是关于言论自由的听证会上为英语系辩护。

Free speech is supposed to be one of the few remaining ideas in American politics that everyone can agree on.

言论自由应该是美国政治中为数不多的所有人都能同意的理念之一。

But free speech doesn't solve political conflicts.

但言论自由并不能解决政治冲突。

It creates them.

它创造了它们。

Solving them requires more advanced tools like trust, humility, dialogue, listening.

解决这些问题需要更先进的工具，如信任、谦逊、对话、倾听。

A law professor testified that the free speech bill was unconstitutional.

一位法学教授作证说言论自由法案违宪。

And at the end of the day, it didn't make it out of committee.

最终，它没有通过委员会。

But the idea of the bill, that there needs to be oversight over how public universities deal with speech, has taken hold around the country.

但该法案的想法，即需要对公立大学如何处理言论进行监督，已经在全国各地流行起来。

Similar bills have been proposed in a lot of states-- Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Wisconsin, others too, all based on the same script developed by a conservative think tank called the Goldwater Institute.

许多州都提出了类似的法案——亚利桑那州、佐治亚州、密歇根州、威斯康星州等，所有这些法案都基于保守派智库戈德华特研究所制定的相同脚本。

But political pressure does count for something.

但政治压力确实有一定作用。

And before it was all over, the conservatives would win a significant victory against the university.

在一切结束之前，保守派将赢得对大学的重大胜利。

In the fall, Courtney was called into a meeting in the chancellor's office.

秋天，考特尼被叫去参加财政大臣办公室的一次会议。

Morning, Courtney.

早上好，考特尼。

Courtney Lawton Morning.

考特尼·劳顿早上好。

How are you?

你好吗？

Courtney Lawton Fine, thank you.

考特尼·劳顿好的，谢谢。

How are you doing, chancellor?

校长，你好吗？

Courtney secretly recorded it.

考特尼偷偷地记录下来。

During the meeting, Chancellor Green showed her security camera footage that captured her protest.

在会议期间，格林校长展示了她的监控录像，记录了她的抗议活动。

He acknowledged that the protest went down exactly as Courtney had described.

他承认抗议活动的进展正如考特尼所描述的那样。

Then he made a confession of sorts.

然后他做了某种坦白。

I will not hide the fact, nor is there reason to hide the fact, that there was tremendous political pressure through this.

我不会隐瞒这个事实，也没有理由隐瞒这个事实，即由此产生了巨大的政治压力。

As there was, and you saw it.

就像那里一样，你也看到了。

There were political figures that were weighing in on this all the way to DC.

一直到华盛顿特区的政治人物都在对此进行权衡。

Still, he was hopeful that Courtney would be able to return quietly to the classroom for the spring semester.

尽管如此，他还是希望考特尼能够在春季学期安静地回到教室。

But then something else came up that put the university back on the defensive.

但随后发生的其他事情使大学重新陷入守势。

The conservative press had gotten ahold of some emails sent between university officials in the wake of the Katie Mullen incident.

凯蒂·马伦事件发生后，保守派媒体掌握了大学官员之间发送的一些电子邮件。

One retired administrator wrote, quote, "I don't think it's safe to be conservative on our campus.

一位退休管理人员写道，“我认为在我们的校园里保持保守是不安全的。

Too many faculty espouse their personal political views as gospel in classrooms where their views have no relevance." The university worried this would look like a smoking gun, proof that they were trying to de-hickify the students.

太多的教师在课堂上拥护他们个人的政治观点作为福音，而他们的观点与他们的观点无关。”大学担心这看起来像是确凿无疑的证据，证明他们正试图让学生去黑人化。

To get ahead of that potential scandal, President Bounds shared the email with every state senator and the governor, along with an apology and a pledge to study the political climate on campus.

为了避免这一潜在丑闻的发生，邦兹总统向每位州参议员和州长分享了这封电子邮件，并做出了道歉并承诺研究校园的政治气候。

And Chancellor Green called Courtney back into his office.

格林校长把考特尼叫回他的办公室。

Thank you for coming in on very short notice.

感谢您在很短的时间内赶来。

The disruption this continues to cause to our campus, that traces back to this incident, is significant.

追溯到这起事件，这继续对我们的校园造成重大破坏。

It is not going away.

它不会消失。

I mean, it's getting worse.

我的意思是，情况变得更糟了。

We can't put you back in the classroom.

我们不能让你回到教室。

He assured Courtney that the decision had nothing to do with her scholarship or her teaching ability.

他向考特尼保证，这一决定与她的奖学金或她的教学能力无关。

She had gotten great reviews from her students.

她得到了学生们的好评。

This was just politics.

这只是政治。

This is purely about that we are very concerned, if we put you back in the classroom, we're going to continue to suffer damage.

这纯粹是我们非常担心，如果我们让你回到教室，我们将继续遭受损害。

I just have to be honest with you.

我只需要对你诚实。

And it traces back to the incident and the behavior in the incident.

并追溯到事件以及事件中的行为。

And we can't put it to bed.

我们不能把它放在床上。

We just can't.

我们就是做不到。

We've tried.

我们已经尝试过。

We tried every way we know how to address it.

我们尝试了一切我们知道的方法来解决这个问题。

We think we have addressed it.

我们认为我们已经解决了这个问题。

We think we have appropriately addressed it.

我们认为我们已经妥善解决了这个问题。

But it will not go away.

但它不会消失。

We're in an environment that none of us have ever been in before.

我们处在一个我们以前从未经历过的环境中。

And I mean that broadly, but also I mean it academically.

我的意思是广泛的，但也是学术上的。

I mean, we're in a time that we've never been in before, in our lifetimes.

我的意思是，我们正处于一个我们一生中从未经历过的时代。

How did you feel when you left that meeting?

当你离开那次会议时，你感觉如何？

Courtney wasn't technically fired.

从技术上讲，考特尼并没有被解雇。

She was reassigned to non-teaching work for the spring, with pay, like a problem cop sent to desk duty.

春季，她被重新分配到非教学工作，带薪工作，就像一个问题警察被派去值班一样。

Chancellor Green told us the official reason was, quote, "potential disruption to the academic environment." He was scared her classroom might become a target for political agitators who wanted to keep the fight going.

格林校长告诉我们，官方原因是“对学术环境的潜在破坏”。他担心她的教室可能会成为那些想要继续斗争的政治煽动者的目标。

What was the hardest part for you about not being able to teach?

无法教书对您来说最困难的部分是什么？

I just really like my students.

我真的很喜欢我的学生。

I like what I do.

我喜欢我所做的事情。

And it bothers me that I'll never probably be able to do it again.

令我困扰的是我可能永远无法再这样做了。

I am afraid of that.

我担心这个。

It's a big part of my identity, you know?

这是我身份的重要组成部分，你知道吗？

And it really bothers me that I'm not in the classroom anymore because of these jerks, because their goal is to remove people like me from the classroom.

由于这些混蛋，我不再呆在教室里，这真的让我很困扰，因为他们的目标是将像我这样的人从教室里赶走。

The conservatives of Nebraska couldn't purge the English department of liberals, but they'd shown the university who is in charge.

内布拉斯加州的保守派无法清除英语系的自由主义者，但他们向大学表明了谁才是负责人。

Courtney was gone from the classroom.

考特尼离开了教室。

It wasn't really the university's decision.

这实际上并不是大学的决定。

It was theirs.

这是他们的。

A month later, at the Turning Point conference you heard about at the top of the show, the one down the road from Mar-a-Lago, Joe Walsh, a conservative radio personality, was giving a talk in front of a few thousand conservative students.

一个月后，在节目顶部的转折点会议上，即海湖庄园附近的会议上，保守派电台名人乔·沃尔什 (Joe Walsh) 在数千名保守派学生面前发表演讲。

And he asked Katie to stand up and take credit for her great work that semester.

他要求凯蒂站起来，为她这个学期的出色表现而受到赞扬。

20-year-old Katie Mullen from the University of Nebraska at Lincoln turns 20 years old today, baby.

宝贝，来自内布拉斯加大学林肯分校的 20 岁凯蒂·马伦今天满 20 岁了。

[CHEERING] Hey!

[欢呼]嘿！

And again-- guys, I don't want to get in trouble.

再说一遍——伙计们，我不想惹上麻烦。

I know we live in a time when everybody's harassing everybody.

我知道我们生活在一个每个人都在骚扰每个人的时代。

But guys, she'd be a great catch.

但是伙计们，她会是一个很好的收获。

[CHEERING] She's adorable and she's a hardcore conservative, baby.

[欢呼]她很可爱，而且她是一个顽固的保守派，宝贝。

She is a freedom fighter.

她是一名自由斗士。

[CHEERING] Hey!

[欢呼]嘿！

God bless you.

上帝保佑你。

Every day, grab your musket and go to war.

每天，拿起你的步枪，去战斗。

Every day, grab your musket and fight for freedom and limited government.

每天，拿起你的步枪，为自由和有限政府而战。

It's your fight.

这是你的战斗。

It's your battle.

这是你的战斗。

God bless you.

上帝保佑你。

Thank you, everybody.

谢谢大家。

[CHEERING] Steve Kolowich I want to tell you about one other thing that was happening on the UNL campus this year.

[欢呼] Steve Kolowich 我想告诉你今年 UNL 校园里发生的另一件事。

At the beginning of the spring semester, a Nebraska anti-fascist group posted a video online of a guy named Daniel Kleve, a white supremacist discussing white supremacy with some other guys online.

春季学期伊始，内布拉斯加州的一个反法西斯团体在网上发布了一段视频，视频中一个名叫丹尼尔·克莱夫（Daniel Kleve）的白人至上主义者在网上与其他一些人讨论白人至上主义。

Trust me, I want to be violent.

相信我，我想要暴力。

Trust me, really violent.

相信我，真的很暴力。

But now is not the time.

但现在还不是时候。

It turns out Daniel Kleve is also an undergraduate student at UNL.

原来 Daniel Kleve 也是 UNL 的本科生。

Just because I dress like a normie or whatever, a presentable person, doesn't mean that I don't train for boxing.

仅仅因为我穿得像个正常人或其他什么，一个像样的人，并不意味着我不接受拳击训练。

It doesn't mean that I don't lift weights.

这并不意味着我不举重。

It doesn't mean that I don't love violence, right?

这并不意味着我不喜欢暴力，对吧？

You don't have to look like a violent person to be violent.

你不必看起来像一个暴力的人才能暴力。

When the Kleve video went public, lots of people on campus were upset and scared.

当克莱夫的视频公开时，校园里的很多人都感到不安和害怕。

A few hundred students, faculty, and staff gathered on the plaza in front of the student union for an anti-hate rally.

数百名学生、教职员工聚集在学生会前的广场上举行反仇恨集会。

Members of the basketball team took warm-ups and t-shirts that said, "Hate will never win."

篮球队成员穿上热身服，穿上印有“仇恨永远不会获胜”的 T 恤。

Some people called for the university to expel Kleve.

一些人呼吁大学开除克莱夫。

The administrators said they weren't going to.

管理员说他们不会。

He hadn't made any specific threats, and even hate speech is protected by the First Amendment.

他没有发出任何具体的威胁，甚至仇恨言论也受到第一修正案的保护。

The university police force had done a threat assessment and decided that despite what he said in the video, he wasn't going to commit violence at UNL.

大学警察部队进行了威胁评估，并决定尽管他在视频中说了这些，但他不会在 UNL 实施暴力。

There was no safety issue.

没有出现安全问题。

Meanwhile, when Courtney Lawton was first removed from the classroom, the university said it was because they were worried about safety for her and her students.

与此同时，当考特尼·劳顿第一次被带出教室时，学校表示，这是因为他们担心她和她的学生的安全。

Some people say it was hypocritical to allow a violence-loving white supremacist to keep going to class, when they had so quickly ousted Courtney Lawton for flipping the bird and calling a student "Becky."

有些人说，允许一个热爱暴力的白人至上主义者继续上课是虚伪的，因为他们很快就因为翻转鸟儿并称一名学生为“贝基”而将考特尼·劳顿驱逐。

African American faculty and staff and students and others-- Jews as well-- those persons were not valued as much as the situation with the student in August.

非裔美国教职员工、学生和其他人——还有犹太人——这些人没有像八月份那名学生的情况那样受到重视。

There is a greater emphasis upon the welfare of white students.

人们更加重视白人学生的福利。

This is Michael Combs, a professor of political science.

这是迈克尔·库姆斯，政治学教授。

He's been at the university for more than 30 years.

他已经在大学呆了30多年了。

In February, the administration held a series of meetings where students and faculty could speak their minds about everything that had happened.

二月份，政府举行了一系列会议，学生和教师可以就所发生的一切发表意见。

Michael Combs talked about his fear, while Chancellor Green listened.

迈克尔·库姆斯讲述了他的恐惧，格林财政大臣则聆听。

I have never been afraid in a classroom.

我在教室里从来没有害怕过。

On Wednesday afternoon at 4:30, when my class was over, I looked around and I see it.

周三下午 4:30，当我下课时，我环顾四周，发现了它。

There is a white supremacist on campus.

校园里有一个白人至上主义者。

I need to get my black handsome self out of this classroom.

我需要让我那个黑人帅气的自己离开这个教室。

[LAUGHTER] I have never felt that.

[笑声]我从来没有这样的感觉。

I am from Louisiana.

我来自路易斯安那州。

I have lived with white supremacists and they mean business.

我和白人至上主义者住在一起，他们是认真的。

And I guess I'm bothered by this notion that I'm safe because you say I'm safe.

我想我对这样的想法感到困扰，因为你说我很安全，所以我很安全。

I have to feel I'm safe.

我必须感到自己很安全。

You have to convince me that I am safe on this campus.

你必须让我相信我在这个校园里是安全的。

[APPLAUSE] Steve Kolowich Everybody wants to feel safe at the University of Nebraska.

[掌声] Steve Kolowich 每个人都希望在内布拉斯加大学感到安全。

Michael Combs wants to feel safe from violent white supremacists.

迈克尔·库姆斯希望免受暴力白人至上主义者的侵害。

Courtney wants to feel safe from right-wing state senators.

考特尼希望在远离右翼州参议员的情况下感到安全。

Katie wants to feel safe from radical liberal professors.

凯蒂想要在远离激进自由派教授的情况下感到安全。

They were all free to speak up about their fears, and they all did.

他们都可以自由地说出自己的恐惧，而且他们也都这么做了。

But only one of them had powerful people in Nebraska come to her aid.

但只有其中一位得到了内布拉斯加州有权势人士的帮助。

Speaking isn't the same as being heard.

说话与被听到不同。

Steve Kolowich is a reporter at The Chronicle of Higher Education.

史蒂夫·科洛维奇是《高等教育纪事报》的记者。

We collaborated on today's story with The Chronicle.

我们与《纪事报》合作撰写了今天的故事。

You can read the utterly superb print version that Steve Kolowich did at chronicle.com.

您可以在 Chronicle.com 上阅读 Steve Kolowich 制作的极其精彩的印刷版。

[MUSIC - JAMES BROWN, "TALKING LOUD AND SAYING NOTHING"]

[音乐 - 詹姆斯·布朗，“大声说话，什么也不说”]

Our program was produced today by Diane Wu and our senior producer, Brian Reed.

今天我们的节目由 Diane Wu 和我们的高级制作人 Brian Reed 制作。

Dana Chivvis produced our story from Nebraska.

达纳·奇夫维斯 (Dana Chivvis) 在内布拉斯加州制作了我们的故事。

Our staff includes Elna Baker, Elise Bergerson, Ben Calhoun, Zoe Chace, Kimberly Henderson, Chana Joffe-Walt, David Kestenbaum, Seth Lind, Miki Meek, Alvin Melathe, Stowe Nelson, Nadia Reiman, Robyn Semien, Christopher Swetala, and Matt Tierney.

我们的员工包括 Elna Baker、Elise Bergerson、Ben Calhoun、Zoe Chace、Kimberly Henderson、Chana Joffe-Walt、David Kestenbaum、Seth Lind、Miki Meek、Alvin Melathe、Stowe Nelson、Nadia Reiman、Robyn Semien、Christopher Swetala 和 Matt Tierney。

Our managing editor is Susan Burton.

我们的总编辑是苏珊·伯顿。

Special thanks today to Brock Read at The Chronicle for Higher Education, Brian Bernys, Lawrence Jones, Hannah Scherlacher, Kelefa Sanneh, Ari Cohn, Daniel Burnett, Spencer Brown, Ben Terris, Alex Abdul, Kassy Dillon, Daniel Weldon, Madison Dibble, Chris Dunker, Joel Patrick, and Emma Doyle.

今天特别感谢《高等教育纪事报》的 Brock Read、Brian Bernys、Lawrence Jones、Hannah Scherlacher、Kelefa Sanneh、Ari Cohn、Daniel Burnett、Spencer Brown、Ben Terris、Alex Abdul、Kassy Dillon、Daniel Weldon、Madison Dibble、Chris Dunker、Joel Patrick 和 Emma Doyle。

Our website, ThisAmericanLife.org.

我们的网站 ThisAmericanLife.org。

This American Life is delivered to public radio stations by PRX, the Public Radio Exchange.

《美国生活》由公共广播电台 PRX 向公共广播电台播出。

Thanks as always to our program's co-founder, Mr. Torey Malatia.

一如既往地感谢我们计划的联合创始人 Torey Malatia 先生。

He knows what a horse eats.

他知道马吃什么。

Hey!

嘿！

Ira Glass I'm Ira Glass.

艾拉·格拉斯我是艾拉·格拉斯。

Back next week with more stories of This American Life.

下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。

LYRICS

(SINGING) Just talking loud and saying nothing.

（唱歌）只是大声说话，什么也没说。

Just saying nothing.

只是什么也没说。

Just saying nothing.

只是什么也没说。

Shape up your bag.

塑造你的包包。

Don't worry about mine.

别担心我的。

My thing is together and doing fine.

我的事情是在一起并且做得很好。

Good luck to you.

祝你好运。

This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.

《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。

中文为机器翻译，仅供参考。