629: Expect Delays - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #629 | October 20, 2017 629: Expect Delays Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 629 集 | 2017 年 10 月 20 日 629：预计会有延迟 注意：《This American Life》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue Ira Glass A couple months ago, I got into a plane in San Diego.
序言 Ira Glass 几个月前，我在圣地亚哥登上了一架飞机。
It was an overnight flight on JetBlue.
这是捷蓝航空的过夜航班。
And like everybody on the plane, I was anxious to get to sleep, right?
和飞机上的每个人一样，我很想睡觉，对吗？
And some people sat down and closed their eyes.
还有一些人坐下来，闭上了眼睛。
And up at the front of the plane, a member of the crew kind of leaned on the bulkhead like a loiterer leaning on a lamppost and got on the PA.
在飞机前部，一名机组人员靠在舱壁上，就像一个靠在灯柱上的游荡者一样，登上了广播电台。
Good evening, folks.
晚上好，各位。
How's everybody doing tonight?
今晚大家都过得怎么样？
Awesome, I hope.
太棒了，我希望。
This recording was actually made by one of my coworkers, Lilly Sullivan, a few weeks later.
这张录音实际上是我的一位同事莉莉·沙利文 (Lilly Sullivan) 在几周后录制的。
She was on the same exact flight, and the same crew member gave the same speech, and Lilly recorded it.
她在同一个航班上，同一个机组人员发表了相同的演讲，莉莉录制了它。
But really, what gets said is almost word for word the same as I heard.
但实际上，他们所说的几乎与我听到的一字不差。
My name is Anne, you guys.
我叫安妮，你们。
And I was just out walking around the airplane, and they're throwing the last of your-- I mean, um, I'm sorry about that.
我刚刚在飞机周围散步，他们扔掉了你的最后一个——我的意思是，嗯，我对此感到抱歉。
I didn't mean to say throwing.
我不是想说扔。
I used to work over at American, you know.
你知道，我曾经在美国航空工作过。
Old habits die hard.
旧习惯很难改掉。
So what I meant to say was, they were lovingly and gently placing your bags in the lower belly, and then we'll be pushing back from the gate on time.
所以我想说的是，他们亲切而温柔地把你的行李放在下腹部，然后我们会准时从登机口推回来。
The night I was there, everybody was like, what is this?
我在那里的那天晚上，每个人都在想，这是什么？
Like, was that a joke?
比如说，这是个笑话吗？
Was she just mocking another airline, American Airlines?
她只是在嘲笑另一家航空公司——美国航空吗？
We were like drowsy kittens waking up to the fact that, oh, something was going on.
我们就像昏昏欲睡的小猫一样醒来，意识到哦，有事情发生了。
But you know what the really good news is, you guys?
但你们知道真正的好消息是什么吗？
I'm going to be your pilot flying to New York tonight.
今晚我将成为飞往纽约的飞行员。
[CHEERING] I know.
[欢呼]我知道。
Isn't that awesome?
那不是很棒吗？
I know.
我知道。
Thank you.
谢谢。
Thank you.
谢谢。
I know.
我知道。
I just graduated pilot training yesterday and I'm very excited for my first flight tonight.
我昨天刚从飞行员培训毕业，我对今晚的第一次飞行感到非常兴奋。
I'm just kidding.
我只是在开玩笑。
I've been flying airplanes since I was 17.
我从 17 岁起就开始驾驶飞机。
Can you believe that?
你能相信吗？
I know.
我知道。
These last two years have been very exciting, so.
过去两年非常令人兴奋，所以。
That wasn't that funny.
那没那么好笑。
OK.
好的。
She's not the greatest comedian, but there was something about her swagger, like her sheer joy in what she was doing, that transcended the actual material she was putting out.
她不是最伟大的喜剧演员，但她的趾高气扬，比如她对自己所做的事情感到纯粹的快乐，超越了她所发布的实际材料。
And I swear the whole plane was with her.
我发誓整个飞机都和她在一起。
Lilly says this happened on her flight, too.
莉莉说这也发生在她的航班上。
Nobody normally wants to listen to a pilot's speech, but she had the element of surprise.
通常没有人愿意听飞行员的演讲，但她却有令人惊讶的成分。
It was just not a normal speech.
这不是一次正常的演讲。
At one point-- I think it's the thing you're about to hear-- I turned to the stranger sitting next to me and asked, is she drunk?
有一次——我想这就是你即将听到的——我转向坐在我旁边的陌生人问，她喝醉了吗？
No. I used to fly the big airplanes over at American and TWA.
不，我曾经在美国航空公司和环球航空公司驾驶大型飞机。
American said I didn't have a personality, so they sent me over here to JetBlue.
美国航空说我没有个性，所以他们把我送到了捷蓝航空。
Can you believe that?
你能相信吗？
Hey, real quick story while they're finishing up.
嘿，他们快要讲完故事了。
"The personality to be a pilot," is how I think she worded it the night I saw her.
“飞行员的性格”，我想我见到她那天晚上她是这样形容的。
Air travel is this very orderly, intentionally ritualized, and impersonal kind of corporate experience.
航空旅行是一种非常有序、刻意仪式化且客观的企业体验。
But she was just the opposite of corporate.
但她与企业恰恰相反。
She was like a person.
她就像一个人。
And so I tracked her down to ask how did this happen, exactly.
于是我找到她，询问这到底是怎么发生的。
Like, what was she trying to do?
比如，她想做什么？
Well, her name is Anne Aldrich, and her answer to the question what are you trying to do could not be more straightforward.
好吧，她的名字叫安妮·奥尔德里奇，她对“你想做什么”这个问题的回答再简单不过了。
To make people come back to JetBlue.
让人们回到捷蓝航空。
That's a very good question.
这是一个非常好的问题。
I want them to come back and fly with us.
我希望他们回来和我们一起飞行。
In the short term, the people that are scared in the back--
短期内，那些在后面害怕的人——
Oh.
哦。
When Anne says "the back," what she's referring to is the place that you and I call the airplane-- the part we sit in.
当安妮说“后面”时，她指的是你我称之为飞机的地方——我们坐的部分。
The people that are scared in the back of flying, they'll come back up to me at the end of the flight and say, I wasn't scared because you made me laugh.
那些在飞行中感到害怕的人，他们会在飞行结束时回来对我说，我并不害怕，因为你让我笑了。
I try-- I mean, I try to be funny.
我尝试——我的意思是，我尝试变得有趣。
Just thinking about the reaction of your passengers, I remember a White House correspondent telling me once that there's a whole class of jokes that aren't actually funny except when you're standing in front of a room and you're the President of the United States making those jokes.
想想乘客的反应，我记得一位白宫记者曾经告诉我，有一整类笑话实际上并不好笑，除非你站在一个房间前面，而且你是美国总统讲这些笑话。
[LAUGHING] Right.
[笑]对的。
Ira Glass And I wonder if that's true for airline pilots, as well.
Ira Glass：我想知道航空公司飞行员是否也是如此。
You know, I certainly wouldn't use my routine anywhere else.
你知道，我当然不会在其他地方使用我的惯例。
But I'm a better pilot than I am a comedian.
但我是一名比喜剧演员更好的飞行员。
That's for sure.
这是肯定的。
And I think it's funny because, in 2017, people still find it very uncommon to see a woman flying an airplane.
我认为这很有趣，因为在 2017 年，人们仍然觉得看到女性驾驶飞机非常罕见。
On one of my spiels, I say, yeah, I'm going to be your pilot flying to New York tonight.
在我的一次演讲中，我说，是的，我将成为今晚飞往纽约的飞行员。
And you see everybody's heads flip up.
你会看到每个人都抬起头来。
And I go, yeah, that gets more attention than "there's been a wallet left out on the jetway." I just kind of make a joke about it.
我想，是的，这比“在飞机跑道上遗落了一个钱包”更受关注。我只是开个玩笑。
It's not as rare as it used to be.
它并不像以前那么罕见。
When I first got on with TWA, there was less than 10 of us gals in an airline that had, I think, at the time, almost 7,000 pilots.
当我第一次加入环球航空公司时，我们一家航空公司只有不到 10 名女性，我想当时该航空公司拥有近 7,000 名飞行员。
These days, nationally, about 5% of commercial airline pilots are women, according to the Air Line Pilots Association.
据航空公司飞行员协会称，如今，全国范围内大约 5% 的商业航空公司飞行员是女性。
Anne flew for 10 years for TWA until it was bought out by American, where she was till layoffs after 9/11.
安妮在环球航空飞行了 10 年，直到该公司被美国航空收购，并在 9/11 事件后裁员。
She's been with JetBlue the past 15 years.
过去 15 年她一直在捷蓝航空工作。
When she's not flying, she runs a nonprofit animal rescue shelter that she created in Phoenix, where she lives.
当她不乘坐飞机时，她会在自己居住的凤凰城经营一家非营利性动物救援收容所。
I hadn't seen many pilots actually come into the cabin to talk to the passengers at the beginning of a flight.
我还没有见过多少飞行员在飞行开始时真正进入机舱与乘客交谈。
But Anne says that, when she started at JetBlue in the airline's early days, they encouraged pilots to do it.
但安妮说，当她在捷蓝航空成立之初，他们就鼓励飞行员这样做。
And at first, I was kind of nervous about doing it.
起初，我对此有点紧张。
I would go to the back, give the flight time, say welcome aboard, and I was very stoic and trying to be as professional as possible.
我会走到后面，给飞行时间，说欢迎登机，我非常坚忍，并尽力表现得专业。
And then I rode on a few Southwest flights, and saw-- I don't remember what the captain's name was, but he was hilarious.
然后我乘坐了几趟西南航空的航班，然后看到——我不记得机长叫什么名字了，但他很搞笑。
And a number of the flight attendants do it at Southwest.
西南航空的许多空乘人员都这样做。
And I thought, I can do this.
我想，我能做到。
But in imitating that pilot, and trying to be funny like he was, she started to express this part of herself that was not like what you usually hear.
但在模仿那个飞行员并试图像他一样有趣时，她开始表达自己的这一部分，这与你通常听到的不同。
For instance, in her preflight spiel, she tells this one story about how when she was a kid in 1970, back when the number of female airline pilots in the United States was exactly zero-- there were none at all-- she told her first grade teacher she wanted to grow up to be an airline pilot.
例如，在她的飞行前长篇大论中，她讲述了这样一个故事：1970 年，当她还是个孩子的时候，当时美国女性航空公司飞行员的数量几乎为零——根本没有——她告诉一年级老师，她想长大后成为一名航空公司飞行员。
She goes, you can't be an airline pilot.
她说，你不能成为一名航空公司飞行员。
So a couple of years ago, my son's sitting in first grade.
几年前，我儿子上一年级。
Teacher knows his mom's an airline pilot for JetBlue.
老师知道他妈妈是捷蓝航空的飞行员。
His dad's a firefighter out in Phoenix, Arizona.
他的父亲是亚利桑那州凤凰城的一名消防员。
Teacher says, Johnny, what do you want to be when you grow up?
老师说，约翰尼，你长大后想做什么？
What do you think my son says?
你觉得我儿子会说什么？
He goes, I want to be a firefighter.
他说，我想成为一名消防员。
Teacher says, you don't want to be an airline pilot?
老师说，你不想当飞行员吗？
He goes, airline pilot?
他走了，航空公司飞行员？
Are you kidding?
你在开玩笑吧？
That's a girl's job.
那是女孩的工作。
I asked her about all the cracks that she makes against American Airlines and she said she really has nothing against American Airlines at all.
我问她对美国航空公司的所有批评，她说她真的没有任何反对美国航空公司的事情。
The jokes just play better if you name a specific airline.
如果你说出具体的航空公司名称，笑话就会笑得更好。
And she said it's not true that American Airlines told her she didn't have the personality to be a pilot.
她还表示，美国航空公司告诉她她不具备成为飞行员的性格的说法并不属实。
You know what?
你知道吗？
I've got to be honest with you, Ira.
我必须对你说实话，艾拉。
The captain that was on Southwest, I stole that from him because he said the exact same thing.
西南航空的机长，我从他那里偷来了这句话，因为他说了同样的话。
"American said I didn't have a personality, so they sent me over here to Southwest." So I actually stole that line from him.
“美国说我没有个性，所以他们把我送到了西南航空。”所以我实际上是从他那里偷了这句话。
But my favorite part of Anne's on-board stand-up routine-- the most remarkable and, I think, most idiosyncratic part of it-- is this.
但安妮在船上的单口喜剧中我最喜欢的部分——最引人注目、我认为最独特的部分——就是这个。
In this setting, where everybody seems so stressed out and not so happy at all-- I mean, that is what so much of travel is; hauling from place to place, waiting on line, worrying about all the things that can delay you and go wrong-- Anne unleashes, in this very pure way, her total enthusiasm for flying and just the incredible fact that we fly.
在这种环境下，每个人都显得压力很大，一点也不开心——我的意思是，这就是大部分旅行的意义；从一个地方拖到另一个地方，排队等候，担心所有可能耽误你和出错的事情——安妮以这种非常纯粹的方式释放了她对飞行的全部热情，以及我们飞行这一令人难以置信的事实。
Anyways, you boarded a super hot jet.
不管怎样，你登上了一架超级热的喷气式飞机。
I love this airplane.
我喜欢这架飞机。
It's the Airbus A321.
这是空客 A321。
It's all fly-by-wire.
这一切都是电传飞行。
Aside from the 727, it's my favorite airplane.
除了 727 之外，它是我最喜欢的飞机。
We're taken off here in San Diego.
我们在圣地亚哥起飞。
We're taking off Runway 27, you guys.
各位，我们要从 27 号跑道起飞。
We're taking off a weight of 175,000 pounds.
我们正在减重 175,000 磅。
Isn't that awesome?
那不是很棒吗？
Folks, when we leave the concrete, we're doing 165 miles per hour.
各位，当我们离开混凝土时，我们的时速是 165 英里。
Get the gear and flaps up.
拿起装备并升起襟翼。
I'm picking it up to 200 and out of 10,000 feet.
我选择的高度为 200 英尺和 10,000 英尺。
You know what?
你知道吗？
FAA says I can go as fast as I want.
美国联邦航空局说我可以随心所欲地行驶。
On the night I saw you, you named the runway we were going to land at in New York, and you said it was your favorite runway.
在我见到你的那天晚上，你命名了我们要降落在纽约的跑道，你说这是你最喜欢的跑道。
Oh, I know.
哦，我知道。
We probably did the Canarsie arrival onto Runway 13 Left.
我们可能是在 13 号跑道左侧从卡纳西 (Canarsie) 抵达的。
It's a very technical arrival.
这是一个非常技术性的到来。
It used to be a VOR.
它曾经是VOR。
Now it's an RNAV arrival.
现在是 RNAV 到达。
But you come in, it's this roundabout turning, and it's very precise.
但你进来了，就是这个迂回的转弯，而且非常精确。
And you have to be 1,000 feet abeam Runway 13 Right.
并且您必须位于 13 号跑道右侧 1,000 英尺处。
And you have to be 500 feet over the hotel.
而且您必须位于酒店上方 500 英尺处。
And then you get the wind coming off from the buildings.
然后你就会听到从建筑物吹来的风。
There's always a crosswind when you're landing on 13 Left.
当您在 13 号左侧着陆时，总会有侧风。
And I love that approach because it's difficult.
我喜欢这种方法，因为它很困难。
It takes some skill and I love it.
这需要一些技巧，我喜欢它。
I love it.
我喜欢它。
It's fun.
很有趣。
She still flies gliders in an old crop duster where her hair blows in the wind.
她仍然穿着旧农作物掸子驾驶滑翔机，头发随风飘扬。
But what she loves most about flying is when it takes real skill, where she really has to plan around weather, where she has to plan tricky descents.
但她最喜欢飞行的是需要真正的技巧的时候，她必须根据天气情况制定计划，必须计划棘手的下降。
Going into, like, San Diego, which has this huge displaced threshold--
进入像圣地亚哥这样的地方，那里有一个巨大的位移门槛——
Whatever that is.
不管那是什么。
Or flying into Chicago O'Hare, which is so, so busy.
或者飞往芝加哥奥黑尔机场，那里非常非常繁忙。
You ask any pilot in the radio traffic on Chicago.
你可以询问芝加哥无线电通讯中的任何一位飞行员。
If you're not paying attention, the controllers just send you out on a vector to nowhere for a little while if you miss listening to them.
如果你不注意的话，如果你错过了听控制器的声音，控制器就会把你传送到一个无处可去的地方一段时间。
Yeah.
是的。
And so you've got to be on your toes.
所以你必须保持警惕。
What are you talking about?
你在说什么？
You mean they just send you out into the air?
你的意思是他们只是把你送到空中？
Yep.
是的。
No more soup for you.
不再给你喝汤了。
You don't answer, and you're going out.
你不回答，就出去。
They'll say, JetBlue, fly heading such and such.
他们会说，捷蓝航空，飞向某某。
Maintain that altitude.
保持这个高度。
And they send you away for a little bit and then they bring you back in.
他们把你送走一段时间，然后再把你带回来。
So I love that.
所以我喜欢这样。
I love that.
我喜欢那个。
I'm on my toes.
我已经做好了准备。
I'm listening.
我在听。
OK, I'm ready.
好的，我准备好了。
Why do so many people complain about airline travel, do you think?
您认为为什么这么多人抱怨航空旅行？
You know, somebody who rides in the back a lot because I have to commute to New York for work, it can be a jungle back there.
你知道，因为我必须通勤去纽约工作，所以经常坐在后面的人，那里可能是一片丛林。
You've got people changing the babies' diapers on the tray table.
有人在小桌板上给婴儿换尿布。
And when I'm in uniform, I'm like, how do I say politely and diplomatically, people eat on this thing and you're changing your, you know?
当我穿着制服时，我想，我该怎么礼貌和外交地说，人们吃这个东西，而你正在改变你的，你知道吗？
And Ira, I've seen people clipping their toenails, burping, you know.
还有艾拉，我见过有人剪脚趾甲、打嗝，你知道。
It's not like what it used to be.
它不像以前那样了。
I think it's funny to hear you say this because I feel like, as you're saying this, the thing I'm thinking is, the passengers, when they talk about what's terrible about plane travel is they blame it on the airlines.
我觉得听到你这么说很有趣，因为我觉得，当你这么说时，我想到的是，乘客们，当他们谈论飞机旅行的可怕之处时，他们将其归咎于航空公司。
And I feel like, oh, I'm talking to you and I feel like you're totally blaming it on the passengers.
我觉得，哦，我正在和你说话，我觉得你完全把责任归咎于乘客。
[LAUGHING] Well, you're just in a tight space with a lot of people, that, I'm not sure, but everybody seems to not always be on their best behavior, and I think it's because of all the stress, I guess, of getting there.
[笑]嗯，你只是在一个狭小的空间里，有很多人，我不确定，但每个人似乎并不总是表现出最好的行为，我想这是因为到达那里的所有压力。
Most people on her flight seem stressed out when they get on the plane, Anne says.
安妮说，她乘坐的航班上的大多数人在登机时似乎都感到压力。
Well, today on our radio show, we have stories for things that happen in transit that create that stress.
好吧，今天在我们的广播节目中，我们讲述了在运输过程中发生的造成压力的事情的故事。
We have people traveling from spot to spot, being stopped, being ticketed, being delayed in unusually dramatic ways here and on the other side of the world.
我们有人从一个地方旅行到另一个地方，在世界的另一边以异常戏剧性的方式被拦住、被开罚单、被延误。
From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life.
来自芝加哥 WBEZ 的《This American Life》。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
So what do you guys think?
那么你们觉得怎么样？
Let's put the pedal to the metal.
让我们猛踩油门。
Drive this baby like a rental car out to-- OK.
像开出租汽车一样开着这个宝贝去——好吧。
OK.
好的。
I'm just kidding.
我只是在开玩笑。
I'm just kidding.
我只是在开玩笑。
Tray tables up.
托盘桌向上。
Chairs in the upright position, everybody.
大家把椅子摆正。
And stay with us.
并留在我们身边。
Act One, The Most Expected Delay in Northern Ohio.
第一幕，俄亥俄州北部最令人期待的延误。
So we heard about this tiny stretch of roadway in Ohio.
所以我们听说了俄亥俄州的这条小路。
It's kind of infamous in the area.
这在当地是有点名气的。
Many, many people have been delayed there over the years, or maybe waylaid is a better word for it.
多年来，很多很多人都被滞留在了那里，或者也许“伏击”这个词更贴切。
They've certainly paid the price for going there.
他们当然已经为去那里付出了代价。
Our producer Sean Cole explains.
我们的制片人肖恩·科尔解释道。
This stretch of road is on Interstate 71 just outside Cleveland.
这段路位于克利夫兰郊外的 71 号州际公路上。
It's about 400 yards long, 1,200 or so feet, take less than half a minute to drive it.
它长约 400 码，约 1,200 英尺，开车只需不到半分钟。
And it happens to run through the municipal limits of an itty bitty village known as Linndale.
它恰好穿过一个名叫林代尔的小村庄的市政范围。
And here's the thing everybody knows about Linndale.
这是每个人都知道的关于林代尔的事情。
If you drive down this little stretch of road and you're speeding, the Linndale police will pull you over and give you a ticket.
如果您沿着这条小路行驶并且超速，林代尔警察会将您拦下并给您一张罚单。
For decades, it's been the most aggressively policed 440-yard stretch of Interstate 71 around.
几十年来，这里一直是 71 号州际公路上监管最严格的 440 码路段。
And you have to pass through it to get from the airport to downtown Cleveland, so tourists on their way to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame or whatever get pulled over.
从机场到克利夫兰市中心必须经过它，所以游客在前往摇滚名人堂或其他地方的途中会被拦下。
And if you ask people who live in the Cleveland area, Linndale is basically a speed trap masquerading as a town.
如果你问住在克利夫兰地区的人，林代尔基本上就是一个伪装成城镇的超速陷阱。
Have you gotten a ticket going through Linndale?
您买到了经过林代尔的车票吗？
Like four.
像四个。
Man 2 Oh, I've had them.
男人 2 哦，我已经拥有了。
They're crooks.
他们是骗子。
Myself.
我。
My sister got one.
我姐姐有一个。
Man 3 My wife has gotten a ticket in there.
男人 3 我妻子在那里拿到了票。
Everybody that comes to my house, I tell them, go slow when you go through Linndale because they will give you a ticket.
我告诉每个来我家的人，经过林代尔时要慢点，因为他们会给你一张票。
They blurped you, meaning they pulled you over.
他们模糊了你的意思，意味着他们把你拉过来了。
Yes.
是的。
Like coming off on 130th right here, thirsty.
就像在 130 号路口下车一样，口渴。
I was so mad.
我很生气。
We first heard about Linndale from Mark Gardner, a criminal defense attorney who's represented people in court who've gotten tickets in Linndale.
我们首先从马克·加德纳那里听说了林代尔，他是一名刑事辩护律师，在法庭上代表那些在林代尔拿到罚单的人。
He, himself, has never gotten a ticket on that stretch of road.
他本人从未在那段路上买过票。
Says he knows better.
说他更了解。
As soon as you see certain signs, like West 65th, I'm approaching Linndale, your foot automatically comes off the gas and you look down just to make sure that you're not going to get pulled over.
一旦你看到某些标志，比如西 65 街，我正在接近林代尔，你的脚会自动离开油门，你会低下头，以确保你不会被拦住。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
Sean Cole But the reason Mark first told us about Linndale isn't just that they hand out a lot of tickets.
肖恩·科尔：但是马克首先告诉我们有关林代尔的原因不仅仅是因为他们发放了很多门票。
It's because of this epic, still-ongoing battle that's developed over the past two decades between Linndale and the Ohio State Legislature, a petty political tit-for-tat that, if it were about something more high stakes-- like health care, nuclear weapons, or something-- would be horrifying.
这是因为林代尔和俄亥俄州立法机关之间在过去二十年里展开的这场史诗般的、仍在持续的斗争，这是一场小小的政治针锋相对，如果涉及到更高风险的事情——比如医疗保健、核武器或其他什么——那将是可怕的。
But since it's about speeding tickets, it plays as comedy rather than tragedy.
但由于它是关于超速罚单的，所以它更像是喜剧而不是悲剧。
See, according to the 2010 census, Linndale is a village of 179 people.
根据 2010 年人口普查，Linndale 是一个拥有 179 人的村庄。
It's got 35 houses in it, 11 businesses.
里面有35栋房子，11家企业。
In some years, it's brought in almost $1 million in speeding violations on the freeway.
有几年，高速公路上超速违规带来的损失接近 100 万美元。
Again, that's 35 houses, nearly $1 million in speeding tickets-- the vast majority of its budget.
同样，这涉及 35 栋房屋，近 100 万美元的超速罚单——占其预算的绝大多数。
It's a municipality that, arguably, wouldn't exist, wouldn't have a budget, or barely any money at all, if not for speeding tickets.
可以说，如果没有超速罚单，这个市政府就不会存在，不会有预算，或者几乎没有钱。
And the Ohio Legislature basically treats Linndale as a parasite, living off the lead-footedness of northern Ohioans.
俄亥俄州立法机关基本上将林代尔视为寄生虫，靠俄亥俄州北部人的笨拙生活。
So the players are a town that has eight streets in it and a powerful body of lawmakers who thinks its laws are being enforced not wisely and too well.
因此，参与者是一个拥有八条街道的小镇，以及一群强大的立法者，他们认为其法律执行得不明智，也不太好。
But the story actually starts before Interstate 71 was even built.
但故事实际上在 71 号州际公路建成之前就开始了。
Linndale has always been the burr up somebody's ass ever since I can remember.
从我记事起，林代尔就一直是个让人讨厌的人。
Mike Toczek was the mayor of Linndale back in the late '80s and early '90s.
迈克·托切克 (Mike Toczek) 是 80 年代末和 90 年代初的林代尔市市长。
After that, he became clerk of Linndale's Mayor's Court, which is just a local town court that handles traffic violations and other low-level offenses.
之后，他成为林代尔市市长法院的书记员，该法院只是一个处理交通违规和其他低级犯罪的当地城镇法院。
He's 68 and has lived in Linndale most of his life.
他今年 68 岁，大部分时间都住在林代尔。
And the way he describes it-- and it seems to be true-- Linndale has always been a town on the hustle.
按照他的描述——这似乎是真的——林代尔一直是一个忙碌的小镇。
He remembers back when it was a den of illegal gambling houses.
他记得那时这里还是非法赌场的窝点。
Says he used to like watching all the gamblers jump into their cars and zoom away minutes before the sheriff arrived for a raid.
他说，他以前喜欢看着所有的赌徒在警长到来进行突袭前几分钟跳进自己的车，然后疾驰而去。
Linndale was also a place, at one point, you could buy fireworks, which were illegal in Cleveland.
林代尔也是一个地方，在某个时候，你可以购买烟花，这在克利夫兰是非法的。
And when Mike was a kid, the village had more than twice the residents it has now.
当迈克还是个孩子的时候，村里的居民是现在的两倍多。
The freeway, Interstate 71, came through in about-- in the late '60s and cut the village literally in half and took out a ton of homes and businesses.
71 号州际公路大约在 60 年代末开通，将村庄切成两半，摧毁了大量房屋和企业。
In fact, it took our house.
事实上，它夺走了我们的房子。
Now, there are some rumors that I heard when I was young that one of the planners for the freeway didn't like Linndale and the state wanted to get rid of us and rerouted the 71 through the middle of Linndale.
现在，我年轻时听到一些谣言，说高速公路的一位规划者不喜欢林代尔，州政府想摆脱我们，并重新规划 71 号公路穿过林代尔中部。
It's tempting to think that the village started ticketing people on the freeway out of revenge, to consciously be a burr in the ass-phalt.
人们很容易认为，这个村子开始在高速公路上向人们开罚单是出于报复，是为了有意识地成为一个混蛋。
But Mike says it was more just an opportunity.
但迈克表示，这更像是一个机会。
Linndale doesn't even have access to 71.
林代尔甚至无法访问 71。
There's no off-ramp that leads to the village.
没有通往村庄的出口匝道。
Nonetheless, a 1967 article in the Cleveland Press called the freeway Bonanza Boulevard for Linndale.
尽管如此，克利夫兰出版社 1967 年的一篇文章将林代尔的高速公路称为 Bonanza Boulevard。
There's this scene where the mayor at the time, who looked like Paulie from Goodfellas, keeps ringing up $28 speeding citations in the Mayor's Court.
有这样一个场景，当时的市长，长得像《好家伙》中的保利，不断在市长法庭上开出 28 美元的超速罚单。
He has this real f-you, pay-me attitude about it when people complain.
当人们抱怨时，他的态度就是“你管我，付我钱”。
And he throws up his hands at the assertion that Linndale only tickets people for quick cash, saying the village is bound by the state to patrol 71-- which, we called the Ohio Department of Transportation-- it doesn't seem to be true.
对于林代尔只向人们收取快速现金的说法，他举手投降，并表示该村庄受州政府的约束，必须进行 71 号巡逻——我们称之为俄亥俄州交通部——这似乎并不属实。
That mayor later went to prison on gambling and bribery charges.
这位市长后来因赌博和贿赂指控入狱。
Mike Toczek took over as mayor of Linndale in 1985.
迈克·托切克 (Mike Toczek) 于 1985 年接任林代尔市市长。
I think the police department realized that the main source of income was tickets.
我认为警察局意识到主要收入来源是罚单。
And some of the tickets they issued-- and I remember this clearly-- a person would get a ticket.
他们开出的一些罚单——我记得很清楚——一个人会得到一张罚单。
He'd get five tickets.
他会得到五张票。
He'd get one for no taillight, one for unsafe vehicle because he didn't have a taillight, another one for something related to that, and another one.
他会因为没有尾灯而得到一张，因为他没有尾灯而导致不安全车辆，另一张因为与此相关的东西而得到，还有另一张。
And I called the chief over, and I says, we're not doing this.
我把酋长叫过来，我说，我们不会这样做。
I says, we are not doing this.
我说，我们不这样做。
You're screwing the people.
你这是在坑害人民。
You want to give them a ticket for no taillight?
你想给他们开一张没有尾灯的罚单吗？
That's it.
就是这样。
That's fine.
没关系。
But as this is America, there are enough of us just speeding to make a good living off of.
但由于这是美国，我们中有足够多的人只是为了过上好日子而超速行驶。
And then, in 1994, this curious piece of legislation started working its way through the Ohio House and Senate.
然后，在 1994 年，这项奇怪的立法开始在俄亥俄州众议院和参议院审议。
It had to do with local police departments handing out traffic violations on the freeway.
这与当地警察部门在高速公路上处理交通违规行为有关。
Among other things, the bill said local police can't hand out speeding tickets on I-71 if fewer than 880 yards of the freeway actually goes through their town, which is twice the yardage that went through Linndale.
除其他事项外，该法案还规定，如果高速公路实际经过该镇的距离少于 880 码（是经过林代尔的距离的两倍），当地警方就不能在 71 号州际公路上开出超速罚单。
And local police can't hand out tickets on the freeway if their town doesn't have access to the freeway.
如果他们所在的城镇无法进入高速公路，当地警察就无法在高速公路上开罚单。
Also, it said your town can't begin with L and rhyme with Shwinndale
另外，它说你的城镇不能以 L 开头且不能与 Shwinndale 押韵
OK, it didn't say that.
好吧，没这么说。
But it may as well have.
但也可能有。
This is Mark Gardner again, the lawyer who first told us about Linndale.
这又是马克·加德纳，第一个向我们讲述林代尔事件的律师。
It was very clear.
情况非常清楚。
It was very obvious.
这是非常明显的。
But nobody that I knew had any great sympathy for Linndale.
但据我所知，没有人对林代尔表示同情。
I can only assume that there was some triggering event.
我只能假设有一些触发事件。
And rumor has it that a legislator or one of his well-to-do constituents complained, and that's what got the law rolling.
有传言称，一位立法者或他的一位富裕选民提出了抱怨，这就是法律得以实施的原因。
I don't have proof of that.
我没有证据证明这一点。
I'm just assuming.
我只是假设。
Luckily, I do have proof of that.
幸运的是，我确实有证据证明这一点。
Allow me to introduce former Ohio State Representative Ed Kasputis, the guy who first drafted the legislation.
请允许我介绍前俄亥俄州众议员埃德·卡斯普蒂斯（Ed Kasputis），他是第一个起草该法案的人。
I was sharing office space with a printer.
我与打印机共用办公空间。
And one of the employees, he got a ticket.
其中一名员工得到了一张罚单。
The office space in question was in Cleveland.
相关办公空间位于克利夫兰。
That's where he practiced law.
那是他从事法律工作的地方。
And one day around the water cooler-- again, this is 1994-- this guy working for the printing company says--
有一天，在饮水机旁——再说一遍，这是 1994 年——印刷公司工作的那个人说——
You're not going to believe what happened to me last night.
你不会相信昨晚发生在我身上的事。
And we're like, what happened?
我们想，发生了什么事？
And he's like, I went to this Mayor's Court, and if people couldn't pay, they put them in a room and gave them a phone, and they said, start dialing for dollars.
他说，我去了市长法庭，如果人们付不起钱，他们就把他们放在一个房间里，给他们一部电话，然后他们说，开始拨打美元。
And if you don't come up with money tonight, you're going to county jail.
如果你今晚拿不到钱，你就会被送进县监狱。
And it's like, no, you've got to be embellishing.
就像，不，你必须进行修饰。
And he's like, no. You've got to check it out.
他说，不。你必须检查一下。
I said, all right, it's time to go and be undercover state rep.
我说，好吧，是时候去当卧底州代表了。
So Ed puts on his disguise, which according to him is a pair of blue jeans, and drives to Linndale's Village Hall on the one day a week everybody goes to contest their tickets or just to pay them.
于是埃德穿上他的伪装，据他说是一条蓝色牛仔裤，并在每周的某一天开车去林代尔的乡村礼堂，每个人都去争夺门票或只是为了付钱。
And he sees what looks like officials handing a phone to one defendant after another.
他看到官员们将一部手机递给一名又一名被告。
The story seemed to check out.
这个故事似乎已经证实了。
Except for one part.
除了一部分。
But they threaten you, and you and I would not like to go to county jail for a night.
但他们威胁你，你和我都不愿意去县监狱住一晚。
I then started to research the city of Linndale and confirmed that this is this little mouse that roared that is basically financing the entire government on traffic tickets.
然后我开始研究林代尔市，并确认这就是这只咆哮的小老鼠，它基本上为整个政府的交通罚单提供资金。
And as a policymaker, I just didn't think that was a fair way to treat people.
作为一名政策制定者，我认为这不是对待人们的公平方式。
Because 9 times out of 10, or 10 times out of 10, these were citizens that couldn't vote the mayor out of office.
因为十分之九或十分之十的公民无法投票让市长下台。
That is, Linndale was mostly ticketing non-Linndalers.
也就是说，林代尔主要为非林代尔人提供票务。
In fact, Linndale is not in Ed Kasputis' district, and as he started writing the legislation, it came out that he, himself, had gotten a ticket in Linndale and just paid it without even ever looking at it.
事实上，林代尔并不在埃德·卡斯普蒂斯的选区，当他开始起草立法时，结果发现他本人在林代尔买了一张罚单，甚至连看都没看就付了钱。
And the other thing that really galled him was the fact that there was no ramp in Linndale to and from the highway, that Linndale police had to drive out of Linndale, through part of Cleveland, and then work their way back to that little infamous patch on 71.
另一件真正让他恼火的事情是，林代尔没有往返高速公路的坡道，林代尔警察必须开车离开林代尔，穿过克利夫兰的一部分，然后回到 71 号那条臭名昭著的小地方。
And you see, from a public policy standpoint, that makes no sense, if you have to leave your city to go back in on the fiction of, we're protecting our citizens.
你看，从公共政策的角度来看，如果你必须离开你的城市才能回到“我们正在保护我们的公民”这一虚构的故事，那么这是没有意义的。
No. The Serengeti--
不，塞伦盖蒂——
That's what Ed calls the freeway.
这就是埃德所说的高速公路。
The Serengeti.
塞伦盖蒂。
Speeders are gazelles.
超速者是瞪羚。
The Serengeti has people from all over the world running on it.
塞伦盖蒂有来自世界各地的人们在上面奔跑。
The people in Linndale-- there's like a stoplight at Burger King, and that's kind of it.
林代尔的人们——就像汉堡王的红绿灯一样，就是这样。
You mean, in giving tickets to speeders on that little stretch of 71, they're not doing anything to actually protect their residents?
你的意思是，他们在 71 号公路的一小段路段上给超速者开罚单，他们并没有采取任何措施来真正保护他们的居民？
No. Not at all.
不，一点也不。
They should be driving around, protecting their residents from crime, instead of trying to be the Ohio State Highway Patrol for 220 yards.
他们应该开车四处走动，保护居民免受犯罪侵害，而不是试图成为 220 码范围内的俄亥俄州高速公路巡逻队。
Again, it's 400 yards.
再说一次，距离是 400 码。
And the Burger King closed down a long time ago.
汉堡王很久以前就关门了。
Anyway, Ed's bill passed.
无论如何，埃德的法案通过了。
It became against the law for the village to enforce the law on I-71-- or at least the law against speeding.
该村在 I-71 上执行法律——或者至少是禁止超速行驶的法律——是违法的。
I asked Mike Toczek, the former mayor, what he thought when he heard about the bill.
我问前市长迈克·托切克（Mike Toczek），当他听到该法案时有何感想。
Oh, again.
哦，又来了。
Sean Cole That's what you thought is, oh, again?
肖恩·科尔：这就是你所想的，哦，又是这样吗？
Oh, again.
哦，又来了。
Approximately once every 10 years, somebody would come after us for something.
大约每十年就会有人来找我们做某事。
Before, it was the gambling.
之前，是赌博。
Now it was handing out too many speeding tickets.
现在它开出的超速罚单太多了。
He says people used to approach him-- reporters like me-- and say, what are you guys doing in business with this ticket racket?
他说人们过去常常接近他——像我这样的记者——然后说，你们和这个票务团伙做什么生意？
I says, you know what?
我说，你知道吗？
You want to put us out of business?
你想让我们破产吗？
Don't speed.
别超速。
Just stop speeding.
只是停止超速。
Everybody in the Cleveland area knows about Linndale.
克利夫兰地区的每个人都知道林代尔。
If you know it's there, and you know they give tickets, and you're still, if you will, stupid enough to speed, then you deserve it.
如果你知道它在那里，你知道他们给票，而你仍然愚蠢到超速，那么你活该。
That's Linndale's position in this whole battle in a nutshell.
简而言之，这就是林代尔在整场战斗中的立场。
You don't like it, then just follow the rules.
你不喜欢，那就遵守规则吧。
We don't set the speed limit.
我们不设定速度限制。
All we're doing is enforcing the rules imposed by the state.
我们所做的只是执行国家制定的规则。
And the state's position is, no. You're abusing the rules we made for your personal enrichment.
而国家的立场是，不。您正在滥用我们为您个人致富而制定的规则。
We don't like the way you're enforcing them.
我们不喜欢你执行这些规定的方式。
And we can do something about it.
我们可以为此做点什么。
Everybody needs a check and balance.
每个人都需要制衡。
What's the check and balance for Linndale?
林代尔的制衡机制是什么？
I would say one of them is the legislature.
我想说其中之一就是立法机关。
That's all.
就这样。
And what's a check and balance on the legislature?
什么是立法机关的制衡？
The court system.
法院系统。
In other words, Linndale sued-- together with another community that was similar-- for their right to ticket people on their stretch of roadway.
换句话说，林代尔与另一个类似的社区一起提起诉讼，要求他们有权在自己的道路上向人们开罚单。
The argument was that Ed Kasputis' bill violated the Ohio State Constitution, which says that cities and villages can govern themselves as long as their local regulations don't conflict with state law.
争论的焦点是埃德·卡斯普蒂斯的法案违反了俄亥俄州宪法，该宪法规定，只要当地法规不与州法律相冲突，城市和村庄就可以自我管理。
The appeal process lasted about five years, during which time, Linndale was allowed to keep pulling people over on 71.
上诉过程持续了大约五年，在此期间，林代尔被允许继续在 71 路拦车。
Finally, in 1999, the Ohio State Supreme Court ruled in Linndale's favor.
最终，1999 年，俄亥俄州最高法院做出了对林代尔有利的裁决。
Round 1-- Linndale.
第一轮——林代尔。
Fast forward about 10 years when another state legislator got, according to Linndalers, a burr in his ass about the village, although, he wouldn't describe it that way.
快进到大约 10 年后，据林达勒斯说，另一位州立法者对这个村庄感到毛骨悚然，尽管他不会那样描述。
His name's Tom Patton.
他的名字叫汤姆·巴顿。
He used to be a senator.
他曾经是一名参议员。
Now he's in the House.
现在他在众议院。
And he approached the Linndale problem from another direction.
他从另一个方向解决林代尔问题。
And what he did was pretty ingenious.
他的做法非常巧妙。
I came up with the idea because I've put in a bill that said, if you have less than 150 people, you can't have a Mayor's Court.
我提出这个想法是因为我提出了一项法案，规定如果人数少于 150 人，就不能设立市长法院。
At that time, Linndale was reported to have 117 residents.
据报道，当时林代尔有 117 名居民。
It's ingenious because that little local village court in Linndale is how the village was able to keep all the money it generated from the tickets.
这很巧妙，因为林代尔当地的一个小乡村法院是该村能够保留从门票中产生的所有收入的方式。
Whatever court a speeding case is heard in, the fines and other costs stay in that court.
无论超速案件在哪个法院审理，罚款和其他费用都由该法院审理。
Without its Mayor's Court, all the fines would be processed somewhere else, and Linndale would only get a fraction or nothing at all.
如果没有市长法院，所有罚款都将在其他地方处理，而林代尔只能得到一小部分或根本得不到。
It was, essentially, rerouting the plumbing through which all the ticket money flowed.
从本质上讲，它是在改变所有门票资金流经的管道。
Now, Tom Patton, like Ed Kasputis before him, claims his bill wasn't solely about Linndale.
现在，汤姆·巴顿（Tom Patton）和他之前的埃德·卡斯普蒂斯（Ed Kasputis）一样，声称他的法案不仅仅与林代尔有关。
He says he's against Mayor's Courts in general.
他说他总体上反对市长法院。
But then, after he wrote his bill saying that, if your village has fewer than 150 people, you can't have a Mayor's Court, the census came out saying that Linndale didn't have 117 residents.
但后来，在他写了法案说，如果你的村庄人口少于 150 人，就不能设立市长法院后，人口普查结果显示，林代尔没有 117 名居民。
It had 179 residents.
它有179名居民。
So we simply crossed out 150 on the bill and we made it 200.
所以我们简单地在账单上划掉了 150，变成了 200。
The bill passed in 2012 and Linndale police were still allowed to ticket on 71.
该法案于 2012 年通过，林代尔警方仍然可以在 71 号开罚单。
They just weren't keeping as much of the proceeds now, with no Mayor's Court.
他们只是现在没有保留那么多收益，因为没有市长法院。
I read one report that said, at this point, income from the tickets dropped to a little more than 1% of what it had been.
我读到一份报告说，此时门票收入下降到原来的 1% 多一点。
Jobs went away, the court clerk for one.
乔布斯走了，法庭书记员走了。
There's no court anymore.
已经没有法庭了。
Steve Pokrandt remembers those days pretty well.
史蒂夫·波克兰特对那些日子记忆犹新。
We talked on his back porch in Linndale.
我们在林代尔他的后门廊上聊天。
Sort of a tiki theme back there.
有点像后面的提基主题。
Steve was the maintenance man for the village when the Mayor's Court went away.
当市长法庭下台时，史蒂夫是村里的维护人员。
They cut everyone's pay.
他们削减了每个人的工资。
Minimum wage is what they cut me down to.
他们把我降到了最低工资。
The bank account was draining because nothing's coming in.
由于没有任何收入，银行账户正在耗尽。
Health care was eliminated for the employees that used to receive it.
过去接受医疗保健的员工被取消了。
And what was it like in the town during that time?
那段时间镇上的情况怎么样？
Did it feel less--
是不是感觉少了一些——
Not happy.
不高兴。
It was not happy.
它不高兴。
Sit around the office and, oh, just, oh.
坐在办公室周围，哦，只是，哦。
We would say, well, what happens to a government if it runs out of money?
我们会说，如果政府没钱了怎么办？
Does it just fold up?
它只是折叠起来吗？
And what about the trash?
那么垃圾呢？
Who takes care of the people?
谁来照顾人民？
There's rumors.
有传言。
You'd hear like, well, if that happens, the state will take us over.
你会听到这样的话，好吧，如果发生这种情况，国家就会接管我们。
And nobody really knew at the time.
当时没有人真正知道。
If you're wondering what Linndale was spending all its money on, here's a really basic breakdown.
如果你想知道林代尔把所有的钱都花在了什么地方，这里有一个非常基本的细分。
At this point, the total budget was about $1.2 million, with most of it from speeding tickets and a little from property and income taxes-- things like that.
此时，总预算约为 120 万美元，其中大部分来自超速罚单，还有一小部分来自财产税和所得税等。
About 60% of that went to the security of persons and property, which mostly means the police department and a little bit to Cleveland Fire and EMS.
其中大约 60% 用于人身和财产安全，其中主要是警察局，还有一点是克利夫兰消防局和紧急医疗服务部门。
The average for other villages in the county is 37%.
全县其他村庄的平均水平为37%。
Another quarter of Linndale's budget went to government salaries-- the mayor, treasurer, a teeny bit for the village counselors.
林代尔预算的另外四分之一用于支付政府工资——市长、财务主管，还有一小部分用于村辅导员的工资。
If you're keeping track, that's almost everything.
如果你跟踪的话，这几乎就是一切。
Every other category is much less.
其他所有类别都要少得多。
Utility services-- that's trash pick-up and stuff-- was half of 1%.
公用事业服务——垃圾收集之类的——只占 1% 的一半。
Again, this was all in the Mayor's Court days.
再说一遍，这都是市长法庭时代的事。
The police expenses and government salaries have dropped a lot since then.
从那时起，警察开支和政府工资大幅下降。
Also, Linndale spent $100,000 appealing the law that Representative Patton wrote.
此外，林代尔还花费了 10 万美元对众议员巴顿起草的法律提出上诉。
And this time, they lost that appeal.
而这一次，他们失去了吸引力。
So round 2-- the state of Ohio.
第二轮——俄亥俄州。
And Tom Patton was the captain of that team.
汤姆·巴顿是该队的队长。
And all hail the conquering hero.
所有人都欢呼征服英雄。
People thought-- I mean, that's not--
人们认为——我的意思是，那不是——
All hail what?
大家欢呼什么？
Tom Patton The conquering hero.
汤姆·巴顿 征服英雄。
That was you?
那是你吗？
Tom Patton I think the way that people responded to it-- there was also, oh, thank God you got rid of Linndale.
汤姆·巴顿（Tom Patton） 我认为人们对此的反应是——还有，哦，感谢上帝你摆脱了林代尔。
I mean, I get what you're saying that, on its face, it seems cynical to fund your town largely on the backs of speeding motorists.
我的意思是，我明白你的意思，从表面上看，主要依靠超速驾驶者为你的城镇提供资金似乎是愤世嫉俗的。
And something just feels unscrupulous about that.
感觉有些不道德。
But isn't it equally cynical and unscrupulous to devise legislation that would apply to the whole state when you pretty much have this one community in mind over time?
但是，当你随着时间的推移几乎考虑到这个社区时，制定适用于整个州的立法难道不是同样愤世嫉俗和不择手段吗？
No, it's not a question of targeting.
不，这不是目标的问题。
This happens to be something that-- they're in the media a lot.
这恰好是媒体经常报道的事情。
They get coverage a lot.
他们得到了很多报道。
So it's kind of put in our face.
所以它有点摆在我们面前。
I actually had reporters come and say, now they're doing this.
事实上，有记者过来告诉我，现在他们正在这样做。
What's your next move?
你的下一步行动是什么？
And I said, well, it's not a question of making moves.
我说，好吧，这不是采取行动的问题。
Representative Patton didn't simply want Linndale to stop ticketing people.
巴顿众议员不仅仅希望林代尔停止向人们开罚单。
He thinks the village shouldn't exist, that it should merge with Cleveland or with another suburb nearby.
他认为这个村庄不应该存在，它应该与克利夫兰或附近的另一个郊区合并。
He actually doesn't think any village as small as Linndale should exist.
事实上，他认为像林代尔这样小的村庄不应该存在。
And now he had driven the village one step closer to extinction.
而现在，他又让这个村庄离灭亡又近了一步。
But the village was only in the red for about six months, because right around this time, there was a change in administration.
但该村只出现了大约六个月的亏损，因为就在这个时候，政府发生了变化。
A new mayor, Ashlee McLaughlin.
新任市长阿什莉·麦克劳克林 (Ashlee McLaughlin)。
And she had an ingenious idea, too.
她还有一个巧妙的想法。
The village council had already been discussing it.
村委会已经在讨论了。
There's this one intersection in town by the police station.
镇上警察局旁边有一个十字路口。
It's where Memphis Avenue meets Avenue of Peace.
这里是孟菲斯大道与和平大道的交汇处。
And Memphis Avenue is really well-trafficked.
孟菲斯大道的交通非常繁忙。
In fact, people go barreling down that street at speeds way above the 25 mile an hour limit.
事实上，人们沿着那条街狂奔的速度远高于每小时 25 英里的限制。
Mayor McLaughlin says the village wanted to enforce traffic laws there anyway.
麦克劳克林市长表示，无论如何，该村希望在那里执行交通法规。
And they could do it in a way that they didn't even have to pull people over.
他们甚至不需要把人拉过来就可以做到这一点。
And where is the camera?
相机在哪里？
Ashlee Mclaughlin There's one right there.
阿什莉·麦克劳克林 那里就有一个。
OK.
好的。
Two cameras-- Ashlee Mclaughlin That lovely green pole that doesn't--
两台摄像机——阿什莉·麦克劳林那根可爱的绿色杆子——
Mayor McLaughlin had two speed-limit cameras installed on that corner-- one on each side of the road.
麦克劳克林市长在那个拐角处安装了两个限速摄像头——道路两侧各一个。
These things are all over the place now.
这些东西现在到处都是。
You've seen them.
你见过他们。
If you're speeding, they take a picture of your car and send you a ticket in the mail within a month.
如果您超速，他们会给您的汽车拍张照片，并在一个月内邮寄给您一张罚单。
And most importantly, it's a civil infraction, not a criminal one, so it doesn't have to be processed through a court.
最重要的是，这是民事违法行为，而不是刑事违法行为，因此不必通过法院处理。
OK.
好的。
And there's a sign right next to it that says "traffic laws, photo enforced."
旁边有一个牌子，上面写着“交通法规，拍照强制执行”。
It says, "speed limit 25-- photo enforced."
上面写着“限速 25——拍照强制执行”。
These two cameras are set to go off if you're driving 11 miles an hour or more over the limit.
如果您的驾驶速度超过限制每小时 11 英里或以上，这两个摄像头就会关闭。
And so many cars go that fast on Memphis Avenue that Linndale is pulling in more money from the cameras than it did on the highway.
孟菲斯大道上的汽车数量如此之多，以至于林代尔从摄像头中获得的收入比在高速公路上还要多。
Mayor McLaughlin also told me that there used to be four accidents a year at that corner, but since the cameras went up in 2013, there have been zero.
麦克劳克林市长还告诉我，以前这个拐角处每年发生四起事故，但自从 2013 年安装摄像头以来，事故次数为零。
Now, as it happens, there are a few folks in the state legislature who just hate traffic cameras in general.
现在，碰巧的是，州立法机构中有一些人总体上讨厌交通摄像头。
And by mere coincidence, not long after Linndale put up its traffic cameras, another bill passed that said, among other things, traffic cameras could only be used in Ohio if a police officer was, quote, "present at the location of the device." And when this bill went through, almost half the communities in Ohio that had been using traffic cameras said they were going to stop using them.
纯属巧合的是，林代尔安装交通摄像头后不久，又通过了另一项法案，其中规定，除其他外，交通摄像头只能在俄亥俄州使用，引用的话，如果警察“在设备所在地”。当这项法案通过时，俄亥俄州几乎一半一直使用交通摄像头的社区表示他们将停止使用它们。
Columbus, Dayton, Springfield, West Carrollton.
哥伦布、代顿、斯普林菲尔德、西卡罗尔顿。
And certainly no places started using them.
当然，没有任何地方开始使用它们。
You want to guess who did keep their traffic camera running with an officer stationed by it?
您想猜猜是谁让交通摄像头一直在运行，旁边还有一名警察驻守吗？
Officer?
官？
Ralph Moncrief Hey, how you doing, mam?
拉尔夫·蒙克利夫 嘿，你好吗，妈妈？
Hi.
你好。
Sean Cole For a while, Linndale just parked an unmarked cruiser with an officer in it by the cameras.
肖恩·科尔（Sean Cole）有一段时间，林代尔只是在摄像机旁边停了一辆没有标记的巡洋舰，里面有一名军官。
But then they decided, that's nuts.
但后来他们决定，这太疯狂了。
We can't do that, just to have a guy there in a car all day.
我们不能那样做，只是让一个人整天呆在车里。
No. Instead, they built a hut.
不。相反，他们建造了一座小屋。
I call it a hut.
我称它为小屋。
Bernie Mac is on TV.
伯尼·麦克正在电视上。
Sean Cole It's got a TV, a combination DVD/VCR machine, boombox, microwave--
肖恩·科尔 它有一台电视、一台 DVD/VCR 组合机、音箱、微波炉——
And yes, a split-screen security monitor so they can keep tabs on what's happening on the roadway.
是的，还有分屏安全监视器，这样他们就可以密切关注道路上发生的情况。
Oh.
哦。
And there's a window through which you can see the cameras.
还有一个窗户，通过它你可以看到摄像机。
Ralph Moncrief was the traffic enforcement officer on duty that day.
拉尔夫·蒙克利夫是当天值班的交通执法人员。
He's a mixed martial artist.
他是一名综合武术家。
Sometimes, he brings a weight bench to his shift and trains outside the hut for his tournaments.
有时，他会在轮班时携带举重凳，并在小屋外训练以参加比赛。
Mayor McLaughlin explained this to me while we were sitting in the village hall with Linndale's law director, Richard Neff.
当我们与林代尔的法律总监理查德·内夫坐在村大厅里时，麦克劳林市长向我解释了这一点。
So Linndale is paying an officer to go down there and work out for however many hours.
因此，林代尔付钱给一名官员，让他去那里锻炼几个小时。
We're paying him to monitor the cameras.
我们付钱让他监控摄像头。
But what does that mean, monitoring the cameras?
但这意味着什么，监控摄像头？
He has to be present, and he has to be within physical eyeline of the cameras.
他必须在场，并且必须在摄像机的视线范围内。
For wh-- for what?
为了什么？
Is he making sure they're on?
他确定他们在吗？
Ask the legislature.
询问立法机关。
They're the ones that decided that was the requirement.
他们是决定这是要求的人。
If they want officers there, fine.
如果他们想要官员在那里，那很好。
I think we just became a little bit more famous because we're one of the few people that complied with this.
我认为我们只是变得更加出名了，因为我们是少数遵守这一规定的人之一。
And you're Linndale-- not to put too fine a point on it.
你是林代尔——不要过分强调这一点。
Does it feel like, Alaska has oil.
是不是感觉阿拉斯加有石油。
Pennsylvania has natural gas.
宾夕法尼亚州有天然气。
Linndale has people going more than 25 miles an hour?
林代尔有人时速超过 25 英里吗？
That's a very funny way to state that.
这是一种非常有趣的表述方式。
No, I don't look at the criminals as a natural resource.
不，我不把罪犯视为自然资源。
Not if they stop speeding.
如果他们停止超速就不会。
Sean Cole But if they stop speeding, no money.
肖恩·科尔 但如果他们停止超速，就没有钱。
We'll be OK.
我们会没事的。
Richard Neff If they stop speeding, it's safer.
理查德·内夫：如果他们停止超速，那就更安全了。
That's our goal.
这就是我们的目标。
Yes.
是的。
Yes!
是的！
Sean Cole After I got back home from Cleveland, the Ohio State Supreme Court ruled that the law saying an officer must be present at the traffic cameras was unconstitutional, that it violated the same provision as before with Ed Kasputis' bill.
肖恩·科尔（Sean Cole） 我从克利夫兰回到家后，俄亥俄州最高法院裁定，规定警察必须在交通摄像头前出现的法律违宪，它违反了埃德·卡斯普蒂斯法案中与之前相同的规定。
Representative Patton was disappointed, partly because the decision could compromise this whole new round of bills he has drafted.
巴顿众议员感到失望，部分原因是这一决定可能会损害他起草的新一轮法案。
One says you can't use traffic cameras if your community takes in more than 30% of its money every year from camera tickets.
有人说，如果你的社区每年从摄像头罚单中获得超过 30% 的收入，那么你就不能使用交通摄像头。
Another says the number of camera tickets a community issues can't be more than twice the population of that place.
另一位人士表示，一个社区发放的拍照票数量不能超过该地区人口的两倍。
And you can't issue any tickets at all if your town has fewer than 200 people.
如果你所在的城镇人口少于 200 人，你根本无法发行任何门票。
He still insists that the bills are not specifically targeting Linndale.
他仍然坚称这些法案并不是专门针对林代尔的。
Linndalers don't buy it.
林达尔人不买账。
Mayor McLaughlin says, if the ticketing in Linndale was just to make money, they'd put cameras up all over the village.
麦克劳克林市长说，如果林代尔的票务只是为了赚钱，他们就会在整个村子里安装摄像头。
Representative Patton doesn't buy it.
巴顿议员并不买账。
And in both cases, how could you buy it?
在这两种情况下，你怎么能买它呢？
It seems obvious what each side is up to, and yet neither will acknowledge it, even though both sides are well within their rights to be doing what they're doing.
双方的意图似乎显而易见，但双方都不会承认这一点，尽管双方都有权做自己正在做的事情。
Both are playing by the rules, by the letter of the law.
双方都遵守规则、遵守法律条文。
And yet, at the same time, in both cases, what they're doing just seems a little underhanded somehow.
然而，与此同时，在这两种情况下，他们所做的事情似乎都有点卑鄙。
So it's hard to come down on one side or the other.
因此，很难从一侧或另一侧下来。
Although, as with all my favorite comedies, it's fun to watch the little mouse outsmart the cat over and over again.
不过，就像我最喜欢的所有喜剧一样，一遍又一遍地看着小老鼠智胜猫还是很有趣的。
Sean Cole-- he's one of the producers of our show.
肖恩·科尔——他是我们节目的制片人之一。
Coming up, a transportation system that is designed to keep you waiting and to send you on routes far out of your way, which is exactly as unfun as it sounds.
即将出现的交通系统旨在让您等待并把您送到远离您的路线，这确实像听起来一样无趣。
That's in a minute from Chicago Public Radio when our program continues.
芝加哥公共广播电台一分钟后我们的节目仍在继续。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Each week on our program, of course, we choose a theme, bring you different kinds of stories on that theme.
当然，我们每周的节目都会选择一个主题，为您带来有关该主题的不同类型的故事。
Today's show, Expect Delays-- stories of trying to get from one place to another.
今天的节目《预计延误》讲述试图从一个地方到达另一个地方的故事。
We have arrived at Act Two of our program.
我们已经进入了计划的第二幕。
Act Two, Asleep at the Wheel.
第二幕，在方向盘上睡着了。
So in the first half of today's program, we heard about people speeding down a stretch of road in Ohio faster than the speed limit.
在今天节目的前半部分，我们听说有人在俄亥俄州的一段道路上超速行驶。
Now in this act, we head to a different continent and another stretch of road and another group of motorists trying to get from here to there, but not speeding at all.
现在，在这一幕中，我们前往另一个大陆和另一段道路，另一群驾车者试图从这里到达那里，但根本不超速。
Kind of the opposite, in fact.
事实上，恰恰相反。
Here's Stephanie Foo.
这是斯蒂芬妮·符。
Louisa Lim was reporting for the BBC in China.
路易莎·林 (Louisa Lim) 为英国广播公司 (BBC) 中国报道。
And in September 2004, she was heading through the province of Ningxia to interview a mayor.
2004年9月，她前往宁夏省采访一位市长。
She was with her producer, her cameraman, a driver, and her minder.
她和她的制片人、摄影师、司机和看护人在一起。
At that time, within China, you had to travel everywhere with a government official, like a minder, watching you.
那时，在中国，你去任何地方都必须有一个政府官员，就像一个看守一样，监视着你。
So we were also traveling with this minder from the local government, who inexplicably had brought his wife, as well.
所以我们也和这位当地政府的看守一起旅行，他莫名其妙地也带来了他的妻子。
So we were a little bit confused about what purpose she was actually playing, but we figured she just kind of wanted a trip.
所以我们对她真正的目的有点困惑，但我们认为她只是想要一次旅行。
And he was a very interesting character.
他是一个非常有趣的角色。
He was very fiery-natured.
他的性格非常火爆。
Which is her polite way of saying he kept getting in fights with all of the officials he'd introduced them to.
这是她礼貌地表达他不断与他介绍给他们的所有官员发生争执的方式。
Anyway, so there's five people and Louisa-- a whole entourage.
不管怎样，有五个人和路易莎——一整个随行人员。
And they're all crammed into this tiny van.
他们都挤在这辆小货车里。
People in China call them bread vans because they're white and boxy like a loaf of bread.
中国人称它们为面包车，因为它们呈白色，四四方方，像一条面包。
It's like a Chinese Wes Anderson film, complete with curmudgeonly Chinese Bill Murray.
这就像一部韦斯·安德森的中国电影，配上脾气暴躁的中国人比尔·默里。
And to begin with, it was quite nice-- bucolic landscapes and farmers pitching hay, and hills stretching into the distance.
首先，这里的风景非常好——田园风光、农民在撒干草，还有绵延至远方的山丘。
And then suddenly, we hit just this massive traffic jam.
然后突然间，我们遇到了严重的交通堵塞。
By then, it was relatively late.
到那时，已经比较晚了。
It was already like 10:00 at night.
此时已经是晚上10:00左右了。
And when we looked in the distance, all we could see was the little red dots, rear lights of the cars lining up in front of us, just as far as the eye could see.
当我们向远处看时，我们所能看到的只是小红点，汽车的尾灯在我们面前排列，就在眼睛所能看到的地方。
Nothing was moving.
什么都没有动。
It was just total gridlock.
完全陷入了僵局。
Louisa's minder went and talked to some other people in the jam and learned that there was a massive road repair, which had narrowed the highway to one lane.
路易莎的看护人去与堵塞中的其他一些人交谈，得知道路正在进行大规模维修，导致高速公路缩小为一条车道。
A bunch of trucks tried to cut the line and jam themselves through the narrow opening, which just created an impassable mess of tiny traffic jams and accidents.
一群卡车试图插队并从狭窄的开口处挤进去，结果造成了无法通行的小交通拥堵和事故。
Her minder, for once, hadn't picked a fight with anyone.
她的看护者这一次没有与任何人发生争执。
He didn't even seem particularly frustrated.
他甚至看上去并没有特别沮丧。
It was weird.
很奇怪。
He was just completely resigned.
他只是彻底辞职了。
He just kind of shrugged his shoulders and said, no. We're not going anywhere.
他只是耸耸肩说，不。我们哪儿也不去。
There's no way out.
没有出路。
We'll just have to spend the night here.
我们只好在这里过夜了。
And he just seemed fine with this idea.
他似乎对这个想法很满意。
And I was definitely not fine with the idea of sleeping in this little bread van with all these people in the middle of nowhere all night long.
我绝对不同意在这辆小面包车里和这么多人在一个偏僻的地方过夜的想法。
And I was also really worried.
我也很担心。
I remember, because earlier that week, we'd read an article in the office about people who'd been stuck in a traffic jam for five days and five nights.
我记得，因为那周早些时候，我们在办公室读到一篇关于人们被堵车五天五夜的文章。
Oh, my God.
我的天啊。
Louisa Lim So we were just imagining that could be us.
Louisa Lim 所以我们只是想象那可能是我们自己。
In fact, traffic jams that last more than a couple days happen so often in China that there was a parody pop song detailing what you should always keep in your car, just in case.
事实上，持续超过几天的交通堵塞在中国经常发生，以至于有一首模仿流行歌曲详细说明了你应该在车里随身携带什么以防万一。
There was an epic jam in 2010 that made international news, where a highway was backed up for more than 10 days and stretched 74 miles.
2010 年发生了一场轰动一时的大堵塞，当时一条高速公路长达 74 英里，堵塞了 10 天以上。
There are a few reasons why this happens.
发生这种情况有几个原因。
A huge increase in the number of cars on the road in recent years, lots of newer drivers with little experience, badly maintained roads, and poor civic planning.
近年来，道路上的汽车数量大幅增加，许多缺乏经验的新司机、道路维护不善以及城市规划不善。
I know that it's become a thing that if you get stuck in traffic, local villages start coming out and selling you bottles of water and cooking for you and setting up their own businesses.
我知道，如果你遇到交通堵塞，当地村庄就会开始出来卖瓶装水，为你做饭，并开办自己的企业，这已经成为一种现象。
But we were really in the middle of nowhere.
但我们真的是在一个偏僻的地方。
There was no one around us.
我们周围没有人。
We didn't have anything.
我们什么都没有。
We had a few bottles of water, but we didn't have any food or anything else.
我们有几瓶水，但没有任何食物或其他任何东西。
Certainly not for five days and five nights.
当然不是五天五夜。
That's one of the reasons why we were worried, but mainly, I was worried because I was a bit of a control freak and I was like, I cannot spend the night here.
这是我们担心的原因之一，但主要是我担心，因为我有点控制狂，我想，我不能在这里过夜。
I'm not going to waste my time and mess up all my schedules.
我不会浪费时间并打乱我所有的日程安排。
And then, I think, by hour three, we were getting out and talking to people.
然后，我想，到了第三个小时，我们就出去和人们交谈了。
And it was quite interesting because all around us there were trucks.
这很有趣，因为我们周围都是卡车。
It was a big truck route.
这是一条大卡车路线。
And in the truck behind us, there were six men who were crammed into that cabin and they were playing cards.
在我们后面的卡车里，有六个人挤在那个车厢里，他们正在打牌。
And they were just totally unbothered by the situation.
他们完全不为这种情况所困扰。
They didn't seem the slightest bit worried at all.
他们似乎没有丝毫担心。
And when I said to them, aren't you worried?
当我对他们说，你们不担心吗？
They went, no, no, no. It's fine.
他们去了，不，不，不。没关系。
It happens all the time.
这种事经常发生。
One of them told us that he'd been stuck for seven days and seven nights in a row before.
其中一人告诉我们，他之前已经连续被困了7天7夜。
Oh my God.
我的天啊。
Louisa Lim Right.
路易莎·林 对。
One of them said he spent four nights a month sleeping in traffic jams because it was just so common.
其中一人说，他每个月有四个晚上睡在交通堵塞中，因为这种情况太常见了。
They managed to get the flow of traffic going again within 12 hours, but something that really stuck with Louisa was the look all the other truck drivers gave her.
他们设法在 12 小时内恢复交通畅通，但真正让路易莎印象深刻的是其他卡车司机向她投来的目光。
I think they just thought that we were-- that I, in particular, was just really over the top.
我认为他们只是认为我们——尤其是我，实在是太过分了。
They were just like, what are you fussing about?
他们只是说，你在烦恼什么？
That's just the way that it is.
事情就是这样。
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Interpreter And traffic jams are so common, I don't get upset over this.
[说中文] 翻译 交通堵塞很常见，我不会为此感到不安。
This is Liu Zefeng.
这是刘泽锋。
He's 47 years old.
他今年 47 岁。
He's been a trucker in China for about 18 years now.
他在中国当卡车司机已经大约18年了。
He was not in Louisa's traffic jam, but he's been in plenty of jams like it.
他没有遇到路易莎的交通堵塞，但他已经遇到过很多次这样的交通堵塞。
On every 11-day haul he takes, he says he'll get stuck at least a couple times overnight, midnight to morning, which, amazingly, doesn't bother him.
他说，在他进行的每 11 天的运输中，他至少会在夜间被困几次，从午夜到早上，但令人惊讶的是，这并没有让他烦恼。
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Interpreter In fact, we're kind of happy about it, otherwise we'll be driving nonstop.
[说中文] 翻译其实我们还挺高兴的，不然我们就要马不停蹄地开车了。
It's very tiring, so the traffic jam provides time for rest.
很累，所以堵车提供了休息的时间。
This is crazy to me because if I was stuck in a traffic jam for three days, I would lose my mind I'd be so stressed out.
这对我来说太疯狂了，因为如果我在交通堵塞中堵了三天，我就会失去理智，压力会很大。
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Interpreter Mainly, you really have to plan ahead and think ahead.
[说中文] 翻译 主要是，你真的必须提前计划、提前思考。
Always have enough fuel in the truck, food, some snacks.
卡车内始终备有足够的燃料、食物和一些零食。
And always keep hot water in the truck to make instant noodle.
并始终在车内备有热水来制作方便面。
We will bring bread.
我们会带面包。
We will bring instant noodles.
我们会带方便面。
We will bring some cake.
我们会带一些蛋糕。
And that's about it.
就是这样。
That's a lot of carbs.
那是很多碳水化合物。
Interpreter [SPEAKING CHINESE]
口译员 [说中文]
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Interpreter No vegetables.
[说中文] 翻译 没有蔬菜。
We can't think about healthy or not healthy in those moments.
在那些时刻我们无法考虑健康或不健康。
Chinese truckers are so used to these jams that Liu told me that, late in the evening, everyone starts driving more slowly.
中国的卡车司机已经习惯了这些堵塞，刘告诉我，到了晚上，每个人都开始放慢车速。
And after midnight, when traffic gets slow enough, truck drivers will turn their vehicles off and go to sleep right there in the middle of the highway.
午夜过后，当交通变得足够缓慢时，卡车司机就会关掉车辆，在高速公路中间睡觉。
And even if the road clears ahead of them, they won't inch forward.
即使前面的道路畅通无阻，他们也不会前进。
They'll just wait until morning to wake up, start their cars, and get going again.
他们只会等到早上醒来，启动汽车，然后再次出发。
Liu's worst jam was during a 2008 ice storm, where the road became too slippery to drive on.
刘最严重的堵塞是在 2008 年的一场冰暴期间，当时道路变得太滑而无法行驶。
He and all the other truck drivers went to sleep like they always do, figuring it'd be over in a few hours.
他和所有其他卡车司机像往常一样去睡觉了，认为几个小时后就会结束。
But in the morning, it was still jammed.
但到了早上，依然堵车。
We start getting out of our trucks and start comparing what we were all hauling.
我们开始从卡车上下来，开始比较我们所拖运的东西。
So we were hauling oranges.
所以我们就拖着橘子。
Other trucks were hauling watermelons, bananas.
其他卡车正在运西瓜、香蕉。
So we naturally started to trade each other's goods to eat.
于是我们自然而然地开始互相交换食物来吃。
Their employers actually give them a case to keep or trade.
他们的雇主实际上给了他们一个保留或交易的机会。
Liu was stuck there for a total of three days and three nights.
刘先生被困在那里整整三天三夜。
There are videos online of people getting out of their cars during large traffic jams.
网上有一些视频显示人们在交通拥堵时下车。
And they get creative to entertain themselves.
他们会发挥创造力来娱乐自己。
They play volleyball, barbecue, even square dance.
他们打排球、烧烤，甚至跳广场舞。
I was excited to discover how Liu passed the time.
我很高兴发现刘是如何度过这段时间的。
Nothing special.
没什么特别的。
We would just sleep and get up and see how the traffic's going and we will fall back to sleep and come back up.
我们只是睡觉然后起床，看看交通状况如何，然后再睡着，然后再起来。
Certainly, you must do other things for three days.
当然，这三天你必须做其他事情。
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Interpreter When nearby residents come and give or start to sell eggs or hot water or instant noodle, we got up and see if there's anything we want.
[说中文] 翻译 当附近的居民过来赠送或开始出售鸡蛋、热水或方便面时，我们就起身看看是否有我们想要的东西。
If there's nothing, we just go back to bed.
如果没什么事的话，我们就回去睡觉了。
Just shut that door and go to sleep.
关上门然后去睡觉吧。
Do you have conversations with the other truck drivers to get to know them?
您是否与其他卡车司机交谈以了解他们？
[SPEAKING CHINESE] Interpreter No. They also were sleeping in their own trucks.
[说中文] 翻译 否。他们也在自己的卡车里睡觉。
Normally, if you're on your way somewhere and there's a delay, you can choose to fight back, search for an alternate route, call customer service to book a different flight, ditch your bike and rent a car.
通常情况下，如果您在前往某个地方的途中遇到延误，您可以选择反击、搜索替代路线、致电客户服务预订其他航班、放弃自行车并租一辆车。
But sometimes there's no other option.
但有时没有其他选择。
You've got no choice but to surrender and live in the moment of your delay, like Liu does.
你别无选择，只能投降，活在拖延的时刻，就像刘那样。
Relax.
放松。
Kick back.
踢回来。
Sleep it off.
睡觉吧。
Stephanie Foo is one of the producers of our show.
斯蒂芬妮·符（Stephanie Foo）是我们节目的制作人之一。
Act Three, The Longest Distance Between Two Points.
第三幕，两点之间的最长距离。
In New York City, most of the subways are not accessible.
在纽约市，大部分地铁都无法到达。
Almost 80% don't have elevators.
近80%没有电梯。
So disabled New Yorkers and some elderly New Yorkers use a system called Access-A-Ride.
因此，残疾纽约人和一些老年纽约人使用名为“Access-A-Ride”的系统。
Cities all over the country have their own versions.
全国各个城市都有自己的版本。
In New York City, the way it works is that you call the day before you need to go somewhere.
在纽约市，它的运作方式是您在需要去某个地方的前一天打电话。
You have to call by 5:00 PM to schedule your trip.
您必须在下午 5:00 之前致电安排您的行程。
They assign you a pickup time.
他们会为您分配接送时间。
Often, it's as much as two hours before the time you need to get to where you're going.
通常，距离您到达目的地的时间最多有两个小时。
What this means is that, if you're leading a normal, adult life and your plans change in any way on the day of the ride, you're stuck.
这意味着，如果您过着正常的成人生活，并且您的计划在骑行当天发生了任何变化，那么您就会陷入困境。
You can't do anything.
你什么也做不了。
You can't get a different time.
你无法获得不同的时间。
If you cancel, you have to explain why.
如果取消，您必须解释原因。
Too many cancellations within a certain period, and they can cut you off.
在一段时间内取消太多次，他们可能会切断你的联系。
And that is the service when it runs the way that it's supposed to.
当服务按预期运行时，这就是服务。
Delays and waits are literally built into it.
延误和等待实际上是内置于其中的。
Like, that's the premise.
就像，这是前提。
Britney Wilson uses the service every day.
布兰妮·威尔逊每天都使用该服务。
I've been using Access-A-Ride since I was 11 years old, around the age many New York City kids begin riding public transportation by themselves.
我从 11 岁起就开始使用 Access-A-Ride，大约在这个年龄，许多纽约市的孩子开始自己乘坐公共交通工具。
I'm a black woman with Cerebral Palsy.
我是一名患有脑瘫的黑人女性。
There are many different forms and degrees of CP, but mine particularly affects my lower body.
脑瘫有许多不同的形式和程度，但我的下半身尤其受到影响。
I wear leg braces and walk with crutches.
我戴着腿部支架，拄着拐杖走路。
Access-A-Ride is notorious among the people who rely on it for being inefficient and unreliable.
Access-A-Ride 在依赖它的人们中因效率低下且不可靠而臭名昭著。
People call it Stress-A-Ride.
人们称之为“压力骑行”。
I've been fighting this system since I was a kid.
我从小就一直在与这个制度作斗争。
At first, I protested the service's problems in true millennial fashion.
起初，我以真正的千禧一代的方式抗议该服务的问题。
I complained to family, friends, and social media followers, wrote blog posts, and started change.org petitions.
我向家人、朋友和社交媒体关注者抱怨，写博客文章，并开始向change.org请愿。
Then I went to law school to gain the knowledge and skills necessary to fight on behalf of myself and others.
然后我去了法学院，以获得为自己和他人辩护所需的知识和技能。
I graduated two years ago from the University of Pennsylvania Law School.
我两年前从宾夕法尼亚大学法学院毕业。
Now I'm back home in Brooklyn, practicing civil rights law, and I'm back on Access-A-Ride.
现在我回到了布鲁克林的家，从事民权法工作，并且又回到了 Access-A-Ride。
I take it to and from work every day.
我每天都带着它上下班。
I've spoken at transportation board meetings and appeared on local news talking about changes that need to be made to the system.
我曾在交通委员会会议上发表讲话，并出现在当地新闻中，谈论需要对系统进行的改变。
And I'm not shy about filing formal complaints.
我并不羞于提出正式投诉。
Something happens every two months or so the calls for it.
每两个月左右就会发生一些需要的事情。
One of my biggest problems with Access-A-Ride is the wait.
Access-A-Ride 给我带来的最大问题之一就是等待。
You tell Access-A-Ride when you need to be somewhere, and they give you a pickup time.
您告诉 Access-A-Ride 您何时需要去某个地方，他们就会为您提供接送时间。
But the pickup times are aspirational at best.
但接送时间充其量只是理想的。
They've actually started calling them Promised Times.
他们实际上已经开始称其为“承诺的时代”。
But it seems like a promise made with their fingers crossed behind their backs.
但这似乎是他们背后交叉手指做出的承诺。
Access-A-Ride is considered to be on time if it's not more than 30 minutes late, but it's common for it to take over an hour.
如果迟到不超过 30 分钟，Access-A-Ride 就被认为是准时的，但迟到一个小时以上的情况也很常见。
You're supposed to wait outside at your pickup time, no matter the weather.
无论天气如何，您都应该在接载时间在外面等候。
Sometimes riders just don't get picked up at all.
有时乘客根本就没有被接载。
Although we riders can get stuck waiting for hours, drivers only have to give us a five-minute grace period if we're not outside when they arrive.
虽然我们乘客可能会等待几个小时，但如果我们到达时不在外面，司机只需给我们五分钟的宽限期。
They're encouraged to call us if they don't see us, but technically, those calls are courtesies, not requirements.
我们鼓励他们在看不到我们的情况下给我们打电话，但从技术上讲，这些电话是出于礼貌，而不是要求。
One winter evening, my driver stopped to pick up a passenger who wasn't outside when we pulled up.
一个冬天的晚上，我的司机停下来接一位乘客，当我们停车时他不在外面。
After a few minutes, a black woman who was probably in our 70s exited a nearby McDonald's, rushing and pushing a walker in front of her.
几分钟后，一名大约70多岁的黑人妇女从附近的一家麦当劳出来，推着她前面的助行器冲了过来。
There were three black garbage bags resting on her walker seat.
她的助行椅上放着三个黑色垃圾袋。
As the driver got off the bus to let the lift down, he yelled, you're lucky I didn't leave you.
当司机下车准备放下电梯时，他喊道，你真幸运，我没有离开你。
It's been more than five minutes.
已经过去五分钟多了。
Five minutes, she asked.
五分钟，她问道。
I've been waiting for this ride for over three hours.
我已经等这趟车三个多小时了。
The people in the McDonald's let me sit down and wait inside, and I didn't see you when you first pulled up.
麦当劳里的人让我坐下来等，你第一次停车时我没有看到你。
You're over the bag limit, the driver said.
“你超出了行李限额，”司机说。
The limit is two.
限制是两个。
You have three.
你有三个。
That's what's wrong with Access-A-Ride people.
这就是 Access-A-Ride 人员的问题所在。
You take advantage.
你利用。
You're spoiled and entitled.
你被宠坏了并且有权利。
I've come across this attitude a lot.
我经常遇到这种态度。
We should be happy we have this service, no matter how dysfunctional it is or what we have to put up with in the process.
我们应该很高兴拥有这项服务，无论它有多么不正常，或者我们在这个过程中必须忍受什么。
We should be happy we have anything at all.
我们应该庆幸我们拥有一切。
Poor people and people of color are often accused of being entitled, but so are people with disabilities.
穷人和有色人种经常被指责为有权利，但残疾人也是如此。
And many people who use Access-A-Ride are all three.
许多使用 Access-A-Ride 的人都是这三种情况。
The woman was outraged.
女人很愤怒。
She told the driver he didn't even have to help her with her bags.
她告诉司机，他甚至不需要帮她提行李。
She was handling them herself.
她正在亲自处理它们。
She explained that she only got to go grocery shopping once in a while, so she crammed as many grocery bags as she could into the garbage bags, trying her best not to violate the bag limit.
她解释说，她只是偶尔去买菜，所以她把尽可能多的购物袋塞进垃圾袋，尽量不违反袋子限制。
Do you have a mother, she asked the driver.
“你有妈妈吗？”她问司机。
Would you want someone treating her this way when she gets old?
当她老了的时候，你愿意有人这样对待她吗？
The thing I complain the most about is the routes.
我最抱怨的就是路线。
Access-A-Ride drivers have to follow predetermined routes, which are created each day based on who's riding and where they're going.
Access-A-Ride 司机必须遵循预先确定的路线，这些路线每天根据骑行者和要去的地方创建。
But the routes don't make any sense.
但路线没有任何意义。
Often, half of my ride is spent going in the opposite direction of my destination.
通常，我一半的车程都花在与目的地相反的方向上。
I only work 8 miles away, maybe a 45-minute drive, but on average, it takes me 2 hours each way to go between my home and my office.
我工作的地方只有 8 英里，大概需要 45 分钟车程，但从家到办公室平均单程需要 2 小时。
Many drivers have openly agreed with me about changes that need to be made to the service.
许多司机公开同意我关于需要对服务进行改变的意见。
On rides, we bond over everything from the struggle of being a Knicks fan to the struggle of being a pawn in the Access-A-Ride system.
在乘车方面，我们在一切事情上都建立了联系，从成为尼克斯队球迷的斗争到成为 Access-A-Ride 系统中棋子的斗争。
It's a stressful job, and they don't like having to drive from Brooklyn to the Bronx and back again in no logical order any more than passengers like having to experience it.
这是一项压力很大的工作，他们不喜欢从布鲁克林开车到布朗克斯，然后再以没有逻辑的顺序返回，就像乘客不喜欢经历这种情况一样。
Sometimes I complain to drivers I like about drivers I don't.
有时我会向我喜欢的司机抱怨我不喜欢的司机。
One of my favorite drivers told me that drivers did the same thing when it comes to passengers.
我最喜欢的一位司机告诉我，司机在对待乘客时也做了同样的事情。
I'm probably famous around the Access-A-Ride base, I joked.
我开玩笑说，我在 Access-A-Ride 基地可能很有名。
Then he gave me a piece of advice.
然后他给了我一个建议。
No matter how bad drivers may be, try not to confront them personally, he said.
他说，无论司机有多糟糕，都尽量不要亲自与他们对抗。
Be careful.
当心。
They know where you live.
他们知道你住在哪里。
Whether they realize it or not, I know the way many drivers treat me may be influenced by how I look and, by extension, what they think they can get away with in my presence.
无论他们是否意识到，我知道许多司机对待我的方式可能会受到我的外表的影响，进而影响他们认为在我面前可以逃脱惩罚的影响。
I'm a 5' 1" black woman on crutches.
我是一名拄着拐杖、身高 5 英尺 1 英寸的黑人女性。
On an average day, most people are shocked when I open my mouth and they realize I'm not 16.
平日里，当我一开口，大多数人都会感到震惊，他们意识到我还不到 16 岁。
The worst thing a driver tried happened right outside my house just this summer.
今年夏天，司机尝试过的最糟糕的事情就发生在我家外面。
I was coming home from work.
我正下班回家。
There was only one other passenger on board.
机上只有另一名乘客。
He dropped her off at her apartment in Brooklyn, and my house was just 10 minutes away.
他把她送到了她位于布鲁克林的公寓，距离我家只有 10 分钟路程。
I live on a quiet residential block.
我住在一个安静的住宅区。
When the driver turned onto my street, I took my headphones off and began to gather my things.
当司机转向我所在的街道时，我摘下耳机并开始收拾东西。
I knew that no one else was home, so I searched for my house keys and draped them around my neck.
我知道家里没有其他人，所以我寻找我的房门钥匙并将它们挂在脖子上。
The driver pulled up to my house, opened the bus door, rose, and made an announcement.
司机把车停到我家，打开车门，站起身来宣布。
I've got to pee, he said.
我要小便，他说。
Had to go since I picked you up in Manhattan.
自从我在曼哈顿接你以来我就得走了。
I wondered why he felt the need to share this information.
我想知道他为什么觉得有必要分享这些信息。
He grabbed a Styrofoam coffee cup and began walking toward me.
他抓起一个聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料咖啡杯，开始向我走来。
I thought he was going to help me off the bus, so I prepared to hand him my crutches, but he didn't take them.
我以为他要扶我下车，就准备把拐杖递给他，但他没有拿。
I'm just going to go in this cup, he said.
我只是要进入这个杯子，他说。
Then he sat in a seat across from me, began to unzip his fly, and I got it.
然后他坐在我对面的座位上，开始拉开他的门襟拉链，我明白了。
He was going to pee right then and there.
他当时就想在那里撒尿。
As inappropriate and disgusting as it was, it wasn't physically harmful.
尽管它不恰当且令人厌恶，但它并没有对身体造成伤害。
Should I scream right now, I wondered?
我想知道我现在应该尖叫吗？
Would that be appropriate or would I be overreacting?
这样合适还是我反应过度了？
Knowing that people with disabilities are more likely to be victims of sexual assault, I said a silent prayer to myself.
知道残疾人更有可能成为性侵犯的受害者，我对自己默默祈祷。
I thought about just leaving my bag and trying to make a break for it.
我想过留下我的包并尝试摆脱它。
But with my crutches, I couldn't get off the bus on my own.
但拄着拐杖，我无法自己下车。
I was just feet away from my house, but I couldn't get there.
我离我家只有几英尺远，但我无法到达那里。
I wondered if he would have done this if I were white.
我想知道如果我是白人他是否会这样做。
I said nothing and turned my head away.
我什么也没说，转过头去。
Years ago, when I was a teenager on this bus, I thought education would be the answer to all of my problems.
多年前，当我十几岁的时候在这辆公共汽车上时，我认为教育将是我所有问题的答案。
But even with a law degree, I'm still a woman.
但即使拥有法律学位，我仍然是一名女性。
I'm still black.
我还是黑的
And I'm still disabled.
而我还是个残疾人。
I thought, if this man does try anything more, your shiny Ivy League law degree will not save you.
我想，如果这个人真的尝试更多的事情，你光鲜亮丽的常春藤盟校法律学位也救不了你。
He finished with what he was doing and then he took my crutches to assist me in getting off the bus.
他做完了他正在做的事情，然后他拿着我的拐杖帮助我下车。
I hated the thought of him having to touch them, but I had no other choice.
我讨厌他不得不碰它们，但我别无选择。
I handed him the bottom half, hoping that his hands wouldn't get anywhere near the handle part that I actually had to hold.
我把下半部分递给他，希望他的手不会靠近我实际上必须握住的手柄部分。
As if nothing had happened, he asked if I also wanted him to hold my purse or my lunch bag.
就好像什么也没发生一样，他问我是否也想让他帮我拿着我的钱包或午餐袋。
As I got off the bus, he offered to open my front gate for me.
当我下车时，他主动提出为我打开前门。
No, thank you, I said.
不，谢谢你，我说。
I went inside as quickly as I could, washed my hands, wiped down my crutches, and called Transit to file a complaint.
我尽快进去，洗手，擦掉拐杖，然后打电话给公交部门投诉。
A few days later, Access-A-Ride told me the driver had been fired.
几天后，Access-A-Ride 告诉我司机已被解雇。
And since then, thanks to that complaint and maybe all my other complaints, they seemed to be trying to address some of my issues.
从那时起，由于那次投诉，也许还有我所有其他投诉，他们似乎正在试图解决我的一些问题。
Sometimes I get better routing that gets me to work faster, which is nice, but not at all what I'm aiming for.
有时我会得到更好的路线，让我更快地工作，这很好，但根本不是我的目标。
I don't want them to fix it just for me.
我不希望他们只为我解决这个问题。
That's not fixing the problem.
这并不能解决问题。
The problem is with the whole system.
问题出在整个系统上。
That's what I can't seem to get across to Access-A-Ride.
这就是我似乎无法理解的 Access-A-Ride。
Once, when I was complaining to a representative about the roundabout two-hour routes they create for me and everyone else, the representative pointed out that, at least on that particular day, I'd made it to my destination on time.
有一次，当我向一位代表抱怨他们为我和其他人创建的两小时迂回路线时，该代表指出，至少在那一天，我准时到达了目的地。
I explained that wasn't the point.
我解释说这不是重点。
You still want to file a complaint, even though you got there on time, he clarified?
他澄清说，即使你准时到达，你仍然想投诉？
Yes.
是的。
I don't understand the problem, then.
那我就不明白这个问题了
Britney Wilson.
布兰妮·威尔逊。
She practices civil rights law at the Center for Constitutional Rights in New York.
她在纽约宪法权利中心从事民权法工作。
A version of this story first appeared on the website Longreads, which is a great site, by the way.
这个故事的一个版本首先出现在 Longreads 网站上，顺便说一句，这是一个很棒的网站。
You can find that at longreads.com.
您可以在 longreads.com 上找到它。
Well, our program was produced today by Stephanie Foo.
嗯，我们今天的节目是由 Stephanie Foo 制作的。
The people who put our show together includes Elna Baker, Elise Bergerson, Susan Burton, Ben Calhoun, Zoe Chace, Sean Cole, Kimberly Henderson, David Kestenbaum, Seth Lind, Miki Meek, Jonathan Menjivar, BA Parker, Benjamin Phelan, Robyn Semien, Alissa Shipp, Lilly Sullivan, Christopher Swetala, Matt Tierney, Julie Whitaker, and Diane Wu.
制作我们节目的人员包括 Elna Baker、Elise Bergerson、Susan Burton、Ben Calhoun、Zoe Chace、Sean Cole、Kimberly Henderson、David Kestenbaum、Seth Lind、Miki Meek、Jonathan Menjivar、BA Parker、Benjamin Phelan、Robyn Semien、Alissa Shipp、Lilly Sullivan、Christopher Swetala、Matt Tierney、Julie Whitaker 和 Diane Wu。
Our senior producer is Brian Reed.
我们的高级制片人是布莱恩·里德。
Louisa Lim, the reporter who got stuck in a traffic jam in China in Act Two of our show today has a podcast about China called The Little Red Podcast.
今天节目第二幕中在中国遇到交通堵塞的记者Louisa Lim有一个关于中国的播客，名为“小红播客”。
Our website, thisamericanlife.org.
我们的网站 thisamericanlife.org。
This American Life is delivered to public radio stations by PRX, the Public Radio Exchange.
《美国生活》由公共广播电台 PRX 向公共广播电台播出。
Thanks, as always, to our program's co-founder, Mr. Torey Malatia.
一如既往地感谢我们项目的联合创始人 Torey Malatia 先生。
You know, he really loves this one song from Hamilton that never made it into the musical.
你知道，他真的很喜欢汉密尔顿的这首歌曲，但从未出现在音乐剧中。
Maybe because of the name.
也许是因为名字。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Back next week with more stories of This American Life.
下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。