559: Captain's Log - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #559 | July 22, 2016 559: Captain's Log Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 559 集 | 2016 年 7 月 22 日 559：船长日志 注：《美国生活》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue Ira Glass I don't know when I got this idea that a captain's log be pretty interesting to read.
序言 Ira Glass 我不知道什么时候有了这样的想法：船长的日志读起来很有趣。
Probably it was from watching Star Trek as a kid.
可能是小时候看《星际迷航》的缘故。
You know, they do that whole captain's log star date thing.
你知道，他们会做船长日志明星约会的事情。
But in fact, in real life, here on planet earth, most captain's logs--
但事实上，在现实生活中，在地球上，大多数船长的日志——
Usually they're incredibly boring.
通常他们非常无聊。
I mean, it's like, you know, it's really primarily meant to be a record of ships' positions, weather.
我的意思是，这就像，你知道，它实际上主要是为了记录船舶的位置和天气。
That's the story on Erik Larson.
这就是埃里克·拉尔森的故事。
He ran into this when he was writing a book about this hurricane that destroyed the city of Galveston in 1900.
当他写一本关于 1900 年摧毁加尔维斯顿市的飓风的书时，他遇到了这个问题。
He thought that ships at sea might have interesting observations about the formation of this historic weather event, this storm.
他认为海上的船只可能会对这一历史性天气事件（这场风暴）的形成有有趣的观察。
So he looked at lots of ships' logs.
所以他查阅了很多船舶日志。
And I found it very frustrating, very frustrating.
我发现这非常令人沮丧，非常令人沮丧。
It was just, like, routine references.
这只是例行参考。
And meanwhile, here's this gigantic storm looming on the horizon.
与此同时，这场巨大的风暴即将来临。
And why?
为什么？
What would they way in their logs?
他们会在日志中记录什么？
Nothing.
没有什么。
They would just list, you know, some wind speed, wind direction.
他们只会列出一些风速、风向。
Sometimes I think that a ship could be passing Krakatoa when it was blowing up, and there would be no reference, except maybe a sudden change in the air temperature.
有时我想一艘船可能在喀拉喀托爆炸时经过，除了气温的突然变化之外，没有任何参考。
A ship's log does record anything unusual that happens on the ship itself, any damage to the ship.
船舶日志确实记录了船舶本身发生的任何异常情况以及对船舶的任何损坏。
But really, it's about legal and administrative responsibilities.
但实际上，这涉及法律和行政责任。
If cargo's damaged, insurers are going to need a record, that kind of thing.
如果货物损坏，保险公司将需要记录之类的东西。
Which is why this one captain's log that Larson found really stood out.
这就是为什么拉尔森发现的这本船长日志非常引人注目。
He was researching the sinking of the Lusitania for his book, Dead Wake .
他正在为他的书《死亡觉醒》研究卢西塔尼亚号的沉没。
And he got his hands on the captain's log for the U-boat that sunk the Lusitania in 1915.
他还拿到了 1915 年击沉卢西塔尼亚号的 U 型潜艇的船长日志。
The prose is businesslike and direct, just like most logs, even in translation from the German.
就像大多数日志一样，散文是务实而直接的，即使是从德语翻译的。
But this captain just includes way more stuff, like way more detail than other logs that Larson had read.
但这位船长只是包含了更多的东西，比如比拉尔森读过的其他日志更多的细节。
When Captain Walter Schwieger spots the Lusitania at 2:20 submarine time, he notes four funnels and two masts.
当沃尔特·施维格 (Walter Schwieger) 船长在潜艇时间 2 点 20 分发现卢西塔尼亚号时，他注意到有四个烟囱和两根桅杆。
You know, starboard ahead, coming from south to southwest, it's steered towards Galley Head, which is a Maritime landmark there in the Irish sea.
你知道，右舷前方，从南向西南方向，它驶向厨房角，这是爱尔兰海的一个海事地标。
The ship is made out to be a large passenger steamer.
这艘船被设计成一艘大型客轮。
Then he says submerged to a depth of 11 meters, and at full speed, took a course converging.
然后他说，潜入水深11米，并全速行驶，航向会聚。
Very matter of fact.
事实上非常重要。
Now, what's important to know here as well is that, meanwhile, what's happening aboard his submarine is total chaos.
现在，重要的是要知道，与此同时，他的潜艇上发生的事情完全是混乱的。
He's doing a fast dive, which, depending on conditions, sometimes involved having members of the crew race to the bow, run to the front of the submarine to add ballast.
他正在快速潜水，根据情况，有时需要让船员跑到船头，跑到潜艇前部添加压舱物。
To add that extra weight.
增加额外的重量。
Erik Larson Yes.
埃里克·拉尔森 是的。
So he's doing this very fast dive.
所以他的潜水速度非常快。
There's chaos aboard the submarine.
潜艇上一片混乱。
There's a lot of energy, a lot of excitement.
有很多能量，很多兴奋。
That human drama doesn't make it into the log, even this one.
人类的戏剧没有进入日志，即使是这一部。
2:35 PM submarine time, the ship that he's chasing turns starboard towards a town called Queenstown.
潜艇时间下午 2:35，他正在追赶的船右舷转向一个名为皇后镇的小镇。
He runs at the ship at high speed, which Larson says was actually not very fast at all.
他在船上高速奔跑，拉尔森说实际上一点也不快。
3:10 PM submarine time, the log says he takes a clean bow shot at a distance of 700 meters.
潜艇时间下午 3:10，日志显示他在 700 米的距离上完成了一次干净的弓射。
He names the kind of torpedo he uses and the depth adjustment he makes, the angle.
他将他使用的鱼雷类型和他所做的深度调整命名为角度。
"Torpedo hits starboard side right behind the bridge." There it is.
“鱼雷击中了舰桥后面的右舷。”就在那里。
That's the actual firing of the torpedo in the attack.
这是攻击中鱼雷的实际发射。
Then, though, he starts in with a fairly elaborate-- at least for a German submarine commander-- narrative.
不过，随后他开始了相当详尽的叙述——至少对于德国潜艇指挥官来说是这样。
He's watching this now through his periscope.
他现在正在通过潜望镜观察这一切。
"An usually strong explosion or detonation takes place with a very strong explosive cloud.
“通常会发生强烈的爆炸或爆炸，并伴有非常强烈的爆炸云。
The cloud reaches far beyond the front funnel.
云远远超出了前漏斗。
The explosion of the torpedo must have been accompanied by a second one," parentheses, "boiler or coal or powder?" Question mark.
鱼雷爆炸一定伴随着第二枚爆炸，”括号，“锅炉、煤还是粉末？”问号。
"The superstructure right above the point of the impact and the bridge are torn asunder.
“撞击点上方的上层建筑和桥梁都被撕裂了。
Fire breaks out, and the smoke envelops the high bridge.
火灾发生，浓烟笼罩高桥。
The ship stops." He's incorrect there, by the way.
船停了。”顺便说一句，他的说法是错误的。
The ship continued at 18 knots because its engines were knocked out, and you need engines in order to stop a ship.
这艘船继续以 18 节的速度行驶，因为它的发动机坏了，而你需要发动机才能让船停下来。
"The ship stops immediately and heels over to starboard very quickly." And he says, "immersing simultaneously at the bowel.
“船立即停下来，并很快向右舷倾斜。”他说，“同时浸入肠道。
Great confusion ensues on board.
船上一片混乱。
The boats are made clear, and some of them are lowered to the water."
船只已被清理干净，其中一些已被放入水中。”
He means the lifeboats there.
他指的是那里的救生艇。
Erik Larson Yes, the lifeboats.
埃里克·拉森：是的，救生艇。
"In doing so, some must have lost their heads.
“这样做，有些人肯定失去了理智。
Some boats, full to the capacity, are lowered, touch the water with either stem or stern first, and founder immediately."
有些船满载后被放下，船首或船尾先接触水面，然后立即沉没。”
This is actually happening as they're filling with water, capsizing, sinking.
这实际上是在它们充满水、倾覆、下沉时发生的。
It is a grisly scene-- people throwing themselves off the ship into the water and getting sucked underneath the sinking vessel, people getting crushed by the lifeboats.
这是一个可怕的场景——人们从船上跳入水中，被吸进正在下沉的船只下面，人们被救生艇压死。
1,198 died.
1,198 人死亡。
Captain Schwieger watches through his periscope, and he can't actually hear anything.
施维格船长通过潜望镜观察，但他实际上听不到任何声音。
What he's seeing is like this terrible silent movie.
他所看到的就像一部可怕的无声电影。
3:25 PM submarine time in the log.
日志中的下午 3:25 潜艇时间。
"As it seems as if the steamer will keep above water only a short time, we dived to a depth of 24 meters and ran out to sea." Now, what he means there is he doesn't have to hang around and fire another torpedo.
“看来轮船只能在水面上停留很短的时间了，所以我们潜到了24米的深度，然后跑到了海里。”现在，他的意思是他不必闲逛并发射另一枚鱼雷。
However, here he says the most controversial statement in is log.
然而，这里他说最有争议的语句是log。
"It would have been impossible for me anyhow to fire a second torpedo into this crushing crowd of humanity trying to save their lives."
“无论如何，我都不可能向这群试图拯救生命的人群发射第二枚鱼雷。”
"It would have been impossible for me to fire a second torpedo into this crushing crowd of humanity trying to save their lives." This sentence is controversial because he's never like this anywhere else in the log, never sympathetic to his enemies this way.
“我不可能向这群试图拯救生命的人群发射第二枚鱼雷。”这句话是有争议的，因为他在日志的其他地方从来没有这样，从来没有这样同情过他的敌人。
He never expresses feelings like this in this log that's going to be read, you know, by his superior officers.
他从来没有在这份日志中表达过这样的感受，你知道，他的上级官员将会阅读这份日志。
Why say this?
为什么这么说呢？
I don't know what to think.
我不知道该怎么想。
I would like to think that this captain had that level of remorse, right, and that he acknowledged it right there at the time.
我想这位队长有那种程度的悔恨，对吧，他当时就承认了这一点。
I don't think so.
我不这么认为。
My money is on a post-patrol revision that he may have added that after the fact, after everybody recognized how much the world had been repulsed by this attack on men, women, and children on an unarmed passenger ship.
我的钱花在巡逻后的修订上，他可能是在事后添加的，在每个人都认识到世界对这起针对手无寸铁的客轮上的男人、女人和儿童的袭击有多么强烈的反感之后。
But if you think about it, even this, it doesn't totally add up.
但如果你仔细想想，即使是这样，也并不完全合理。
Like, OK, sure, the rest of the world was horrified by the sinking of the Lusitania .
就像，好吧，当然，世界其他地方都对卢西塔尼亚号的沉没感到震惊。
But Schwieger lived in Germany, where this was celebrated, a huge victory.
但施维格住在德国，在那里庆祝了这一巨大的胜利。
Did he want to change the log because he thought like, OK, maybe they would actually lose the war and he worried about how this was going to look?
他是否想更改日志，因为他想，好吧，也许他们实际上会输掉战争，而他担心这会是什么样子？
Did he just not want this to be his legacy, how he'd be talked about 100 years later as, you know, I'm doing right this second?
他只是不想让这成为他的遗产，让 100 年后人们如何谈论他，因为，你知道，我此刻做得对吗？
Well, today on our program, we bring you captain's logs of various sorts.
那么，今天在我们的节目中，我们为您带来各种船长日志。
For every story in today's show, we found a terse, businesslike record of some kind of some event in the past.
对于今天节目中的每个故事，我们都找到了对过去某种事件的简洁、务实的记录。
Some of these are historic events.
其中一些是历史事件。
Some of them are small and personal.
其中一些是小而个人的。
And what we're going to do is we're going to go back and reconstruct what really happened, which is way more complicated and emotional than the logs.
我们要做的就是回过头来重建真正发生的事情，这比日志更复杂、更情绪化。
From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life.
来自芝加哥 WBEZ 的《This American Life》。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Stay with us, mateys.
和我们在一起吧，伙计们。
Act 1, "Cookies and Monsters." So part of what's interesting about reading captain's logs is then going back and piecing together the true story that they're only sort of telling.
第一幕，“饼干和怪物”。因此，阅读船长日志的有趣之处在于，然后回过头来拼凑出他们只是在讲述的真实故事。
And that is what PJ Vogt does in this next story.
这就是 PJ Vogt 在下一个故事中所做的事情。
He starts picking something apart and asking questions, and he ends up somewhere very different from where he starts.
他开始拆解一些东西并提出问题，最终他到达的地方与他开始的地方非常不同。
Here's PJ.
这是 PJ。
I've got a friend, let's call him Dale.
我有一个朋友，我们就叫他戴尔吧。
Dale has a Gmail address that's pretty generic, like [email protected] .
Dale 有一个非常通用的 Gmail 地址，例如 [email protected] 。
And people with email addresses like these get a lot of emails that just aren't meant for them, like email wrong numbers.
拥有此类电子邮件地址的人会收到很多不适合他们的电子邮件，例如电子邮件错误号码。
And this happens to him all the time.
这种事经常发生在他身上。
Last time I saw him, he'd just gotten an email written completely in Spanish from a kid somewhere asking if he could turn in some work late.
上次我见到他时，他刚刚收到一封完全用西班牙语写的电子邮件，来自某个地方的一个孩子，询问他是否可以晚交一些作业。
Dale's a nice guy, but he likes to play pranks.
戴尔是个好人，但他喜欢恶作剧。
He likes to mess with people.
他喜欢和人打交道。
So he answers the emails.
所以他回复了电子邮件。
Here's one he got a while back.
这是他不久前得到的一张。
I think it started off, "Hey, ladies.
我想它是这样开始的：“嘿，女士们。
To all Calgary area district commissioners and district cookie advisers." And then it started talking about how they had a bunch of stale cookies that they didn't know what to do with, and we've got to move them off the shelves.
致所有卡尔加里地区的地区专员和地区 cookie 顾问。”然后它开始谈论他们如何拥有一堆不知道如何处理的不新鲜饼干，我们必须将它们从货架上移走。
And if they're past the expiration date, then we can't use them in the next cookie campaign.
如果它们已经过了有效期，那么我们就无法在下一次 cookie 活动中使用它们。
The emails continue.
电子邮件继续。
And Dale learns that the world of professional cookie advising, it's surprisingly bureaucratic.
戴尔了解到，专业饼干咨询领域的官僚主义令人惊讶。
At the top, there's a national cookie adviser.
最高层有一位国家 cookie 顾问。
But beneath her, there are provincial cookie advisers who report up.
但在她的领导下，有负责汇报工作的省级 cookie 顾问。
And then beneath them, there are district cookie advisers.
在他们的下面，是地区 cookie 顾问。
Dale has no idea what's going on here.
戴尔不知道这里发生了什么。
But he decides the best thing he could do would be to reply with an intentionally stupid email, detailing a bunch of asinine solutions to the stale cookie problem.
但他认为他能做的最好的事情就是回复一封故意愚蠢的电子邮件，详细说明一堆针对过期 cookie 问题的愚蠢解决方案。
He suggests the advisers Sharpie over the expiration dates on the packages.
他建议顾问们在包裹上注明有效期。
He suggests they eat all the stale cookies themselves.
他建议他们自己吃掉所有不新鲜的饼干。
In my mind, I was thinking, no one's going to believe this.
我心里想，没有人会相信这一点。
What a stupid email to write to somebody.
给某人写一封多么愚蠢的电子邮件啊。
Who would hire a person with suggestions like these?
谁会雇用有这样建议的人呢？
Cynthia, who's the Calgary area cookie adviser, responds to Dale's email with complete polite cheerfulness.
辛西娅是卡尔加里地区的饼干顾问，她以完全礼貌和愉快的态度回复了戴尔的电子邮件。
She sends him a cookie freshness calculator to help him sort his stale cookies from his fresh cookies.
她给他发了一个饼干新鲜度计算器，帮助他将不新鲜的饼干和新鲜的饼干分类。
So Dale responds with even stupider messages.
因此戴尔回应了更愚蠢的信息。
He was trying to make it more obvious that he was just kidding.
他试图让大家更明显地看出他只是在开玩笑。
I said, "What's the status on the cookies?
我说：“cookie 的状态如何？
Yarr.
亚尔。
Me so hungry," with a picture of Cookie Monster.
我好饿”，并附有饼干怪物的照片。
And I think she responded something along lines of, "Those orders were supposed to go in a month ago.
我认为她的回答是这样的：“这些订单应该在一个月前下达。
Or did I misunderstand your question?"
还是我误解了你的问题？”
Rather than clarifying, Dale asks her, why are we even in the cookie advising business?
戴尔没有澄清，而是问她，为什么我们还要涉足 cookie 咨询业务？
He says, his clients, they're all about chocolate bars now.
他说，他的客户现在都热衷于巧克力棒。
And Cynthia responded, "Chocolate bars????" Question mark, question mark, question mark, question mark.
辛西娅回答道：“巧克力棒？？？”问号，问号，问号，问号。
All of my other suggestions were met with, like, oh, maybe I misunderstood or something.
我所有的其他建议都得到了满足，比如，哦，也许我误解了什么。
But this one was very emphatic.
但这句话却非常强调。
It was like, "Chocolate bars?"
就像，“巧克力棒？”
It actually seemed like Dale had maybe touched a nerve.
事实上，戴尔似乎触动了他的神经。
Because after that, cookie advisor world went completely quiet.
因为在那之后，cookie Advisor 的世界彻底安静了。
Dale was bothered by this.
戴尔对此感到困扰。
The original email he'd gotten had been meant for a woman named Debbie.
他收到的原始电子邮件是发给一位名叫黛比的女士的。
What if he had gotten Debbie in trouble, or even just made her look bad?
如果他给黛比惹了麻烦，或者只是让她难堪怎么办？
I'm a little afraid.
我有点害怕。
I'd like to think that, oh, they just got it sorted out, and now it's funny, and Debbie is in on the joke-- just people trying to do their cookie job.
我想，哦，他们刚刚把事情解决了，现在很有趣，黛比也参与了这个笑话——只是人们试图做他们的饼干工作。
I reached out to the woman who'd been trying to email Debbie, Cynthia, because I wanted to find out if Dale's prank had hurt anybody.
我联系了那位一直试图给黛比发电子邮件的女士辛西娅，因为我想知道戴尔的恶作剧是否伤害了任何人。
Hi, it's PJ.
嗨，我是 PJ。
Cynthia has multiple sclerosis, and it can be hard for her to talk.
辛西娅患有多发性硬化症，她很难说话。
So her friend, Sheila, volunteered to help out.
于是她的朋友希拉自愿帮忙。
I read them the emails.
我读了他们的电子邮件。
"And of course, the obvious solution is to eat them during our next member meeting.
“当然，显而易见的解决方案是在下次会员会议期间吃掉它们。
Please discuss with the rest of area, and I will forward your decision on to national.
请与其他地区讨论，我会将您的决定转发给国家。
Thanks so much." Do you remember getting that?
非常感谢。”你还记得得到那个吗？
You know, I don't, but-- Sheila We get a lot of questions all across Alberta at Cookie Time.
你知道，我不知道，但是——希拉 在饼干时间，我们在艾伯塔省各地收到了很多问题。
Often, they have suggestions that don't always fly.
通常，他们提出的建议并不总是可行。
So we find a way to respond do them as best we can.
因此，我们找到一种方法来尽我们所能地回应他们。
Cynthia and Sheila explained that they were part of Girl Guides.
辛西娅和希拉解释说，她们是女童军的成员。
In the US, we have Girl Scouts.
在美国，我们有女童子军。
Most everywhere else in the world, they call them Girl Guides.
世界上大多数其他地方，他们都称她们为女童军。
If you know anything about Girl Scouts, you won't be too surprised by this.
如果您对女童子军有所了解，您就不会对此感到太惊讶。
But Cynthia and Sheila have a way of talking that is just unrelenting positive.
但辛西娅和希拉的谈话方式始终是积极的。
It's just the Girl Guide way.
这只是女孩指南的方式。
That's why Cynthia was so patient with Dale.
这就是辛西娅对戴尔如此耐心的原因。
It was her job.
这是她的工作。
But she was also very patient with me, even as-- for reasons that I don't quite understand-- I found myself explaining to her the entire pattern of events that had led Dale to email her.
但她对我也非常耐心，即使——出于我不太明白的原因——我发现自己向她解释了导致戴尔给她发电子邮件的整个事件模式。
I guess the email was meant for Debbie, but it went to a Dale.
我猜这封电子邮件是写给黛比的，但它发给了戴尔。
Oh.
哦。
Now it's starting to make a little bit of sense.
现在它开始有点意义了。
This helpful sunny tone, this Girl Guide voice, is hardwired into their original mission statement, which reads, quote, "A guide smiles and sings under all difficulties," end quote.
这种乐于助人的阳光语气，这位女导游的声音，已经融入了他们最初的使命宣言，引用如下：“导游在所有困难下微笑和歌唱”，最后引用。
Smiling and singing under all difficulties.
面对一切困难，微笑着歌唱。
This sounds ridiculous to me, or at least it did, until I heard a truly crazy story about this exact thing, Girl Guides smiling and singing through incredibly extreme circumstances.
这对我来说听起来很荒谬，或者至少确实如此，直到我听到了一个关于这件事的真正疯狂的故事，女童军在极其极端的情况下微笑着唱歌。
I first heard about it from a woman named Janie Hampton.
我第一次从一位名叫珍妮·汉普顿的女士那里听说了这件事。
She's kind of a Girl Guide expert.
她是一位女童军专家。
She wrote a book about them.
她写了一本关于他们的书。
Now I have to admit, when I started writing the book, I thought, you know, I'm going to make this a bit of a satire and laugh at them.
现在我必须承认，当我开始写这本书时，我想，你知道，我要把这写得有点讽刺并嘲笑他们。
She says laughing at Girl Guides is pretty easy, because most people think of them as not particularly cool, too sincere.
她说嘲笑女童军很容易，因为大多数人认为她们不是特别酷，而是太真诚。
What we call "naff" nowadays.
我们现在所说的“naff”。
Pj Vogt What's naff?
Pj Vogt 有什么不好的？
Sort of unfashionable, nerdy.
有点不时尚，书呆子。
Pj Vogt So Janie sets out to tease some nerds.
Pj Vogt 所以珍妮开始取笑一些书呆子。
But then she starts researching.
但随后她开始研究。
And one day, she's deep in the Girl Guides' archive in their London headquarters, and she finds this old notebook.
有一天，她在女童军伦敦总部的档案深处发现了一本旧笔记本。
It's small, 7" by 10".
它很小，7 英寸 x 10 英寸。
And the book's a handwritten log of nearly everything one Girl Guide troop did years ago.
这本书是一份手写的日志，记录了女童军几年前所做的几乎所有事情。
And it said, we did skipping, and we did knots, and we did all sorts of jolly things.
它说，我们跳绳，我们打结，我们做了各种快乐的事情。
And then I came across this song that they'd written.
然后我偶然发现了他们写的这首歌。
And it said, "We sang our song yesterday.
它说：“我们昨天唱了我们的歌。
And it went, 'We might have been shipped to Timbuktu.
它说，‘我们可能被运到廷巴克图。
We might have been shipped to Kalamazoo.
我们可能被运送到卡拉马祖。
It's not repatriation, nor is it yet starvation.
这不是遣返，也不是饥饿。
It's simply concentration in Chefoo." And I thought, what on earth does that mean?
这只是集中在烟台。”我想，这到底是什么意思？
Concentration in Chefoo?
集中在烟台？
Janie does not know where Chefoo is.
珍妮不知道烟台在哪里。
But she's sure it's not in England, so she looks it up.
但她确信它不在英国，所以她查了一下。
Chefoo is-- was-- a place in China, a coastal city.
烟台是——曾经是——中国的一个地方，一个沿海城市。
It's a good 7,000 miles from London.
距离伦敦足有 7,000 英里。
According to the guide's logbook, the song had been written and performed by a group of Girl Guides for a concert on Christmas day, 1942.
根据导游的日志，这首歌是由一群女导游为 1942 年圣诞节的一场音乐会创作并演唱的。
The Christmas concert, Janie discovers, was held in Chefoo, but not at a school.
珍妮发现，圣诞音乐会是在烟台举行的，但不是在学校举行的。
The Girl Guides sang their song in a concentration camp.
女童军在集中营里唱着她们的歌。
Janie was baffled.
珍妮很困惑。
Why would a concentration camp in China have a singing Girl Guide troop?
为什么中国的集中营里会有唱歌的女童军？
So Janie starts digging.
于是珍妮开始挖掘。
And she finds someone who was there, an actual witness, born in China, who ended up in the same camp as these Girl Guides, this Belgian guy.
她找到了当时在场的一个人，一个真正的目击者，出生在中国，最后和这些女童军在同一个营地，这个比利时人。
Leopold Pander, 74 years old.
利奥波德·潘德，74 岁。
Pj Vogt The problem is, it turns out he has absolutely no memory of his time there.
Pj Vogt 问题是，事实证明他完全不记得在那里的时光。
I tried to remember something, but nothing comes back to me.
我试图记住一些事情，但什么也记不起来。
Nothing, except for this nightmare he used to have when he was a kid.
什么都没有，除了他小时候做过的那个噩梦。
At the time, it hadn't made sense to him.
当时，这对他来说没有任何意义。
But later, he thought it must have taken place at the camp.
但后来，他认为这件事一定发生在营地里。
Well, I'm there in the hot sun, the blue sky.
嗯，我在炎热的阳光下，在蔚蓝的天空下。
It's a brown slope.
这是一个棕色的斜坡。
It's a browned earth.
这是一片褐色的土地。
And there are big stones next to myself, dirty earth and people running all over the place.
我旁边有大石头，泥土很脏，人们到处乱跑。
Are there sounds?
有声音吗？
Leopold Pander No sound, absolutely no sound.
利奥波德·潘德 没有声音，绝对没有声音。
Somebody picks me up, and then I wake up.
有人来接我，然后我就醒了。
That's all I remember.
我只记得这些。
That dream came back very often.
那个梦经常出现。
Leopold grows up.
利奥波德长大了。
And as an adult, he wants to know about this place that he used to dream about, and so he builds a website.
作为一个成年人，他想了解这个他曾经梦想的地方，所以他建立了一个网站。
He invites people to write in with memories of the camp.
他邀请人们写下对营地的回忆。
And the story he learns is pretty crazy.
他了解到的故事非常疯狂。
Japan's latest invasion of China, which has already lasted two years, is war on a huge scale.
日本最近一次对中国的侵略已经持续了两年，是一场大规模的战争。
So I did not know this, but during World War II, when Japan occupied China, they built concentration camps that were filled with American and British and other European civilians.
所以我不知道这一点，但是在第二次世界大战期间，当日本占领中国时，他们建造了集中营，里面关满了美国、英国和其他欧洲平民。
Japanese put their prisoners of war to work.
日本人让战俘去工作。
Civilians who had been living in China.
一直生活在中国的平民。
One of those camps was called Weihsien.
其中一个集中营叫做潍县。
That was Leopold's camp.
那是利奥波德的营地。
And among the inmates at Weihsien were a group of children.
潍县的囚犯中有一群孩子。
They were American and British.
他们是美国人和英国人。
They were mostly the kids of missionaries.
他们大多是传教士的孩子。
And they'd been studying at a boarding school called Chefoo.
他们一直在一所名叫Chefoo的寄宿学校学习。
Japanese troops invaded Chefoo and captured the kids and eventually brought them to Weihsien.
日军入侵烟台，俘虏了孩子们，最终将他们带到了潍县。
With their teachers, but no parents.
有老师，但没有父母。
So about 150 children who, for four years, were in this camp, and the teachers had very sensibly taken with them books, paper, musical instruments.
大约有 150 名儿童在这个营地呆了四年，老师们非常明智地给他们带来了书籍、纸张和乐器。
Brownie uniforms, guide uniforms, all the things they thought, we're going to need this sort of thing to keep the kids occupied.
布朗尼制服，导游制服，所有他们认为的东西，我们需要这样的东西来让孩子们有事可做。
In the Japanese camps, there was very little food.
日本人的集中营里食物很少。
Prisoners died of starvation.
囚犯死于饥饿。
In Weihsien, imprisoned monks would smuggle in eggs, and then everybody would share them.
在潍县，被囚禁的和尚会走私鸡蛋，然后大家分享。
And then they'd also have the kids eat the ground up egg shells just to get some extra calcium.
然后他们还会让孩子们吃磨碎的蛋壳，只是为了获得一些额外的钙。
The log book Janie had found was the record kept by one of the Girl Guides' leaders.
珍妮发现的日志是一位女童子军领导人保存的记录。
The leaders were called Brown Owls.
这些领导者被称为棕色猫头鹰。
This one was a woman in her 20s.
这是一名20多岁的女性。
And the tone of her writing was the exact same, cheerful, impervious to bad news tone that Dale's cookie adviser email thread had had.
她的写作语气与戴尔的饼干顾问电子邮件线程完全相同，欢快，不受坏消息影响。
This is the entry from the day they were marched into the camp.
这是他们进入营地那天的记录。
"Hello.
“你好。
What's this?
这是什么？
Behind bars.
铁窗后面。
Yes.
是的。
It's Weihsien camp.
这里是潍县营。
Well, I guess there's a good deal of fun to be got out of this.
嗯，我想可以从中得到很多乐趣。
Just the place to earn some badges."
只是赚取一些徽章的地方。”
According to the logbook, the Brown Owl ran the troop as if it were any other Girl Guide unit, concentration camp or not.
根据日志，棕色猫头鹰组织这支部队就像管理其他女童军部队一样，无论是否是集中营。
They were all told it doesn't matter how disgusting the food is, we still want good table manners.
他们都被告知，不管食物有多恶心，我们仍然需要良好的餐桌礼仪。
It doesn't matter how hungry you are, you're not going to steal.
不管你有多饿，你都不会偷东西。
You're still going to do a good deed every day and help other people.
你仍然会每天做好事并帮助别人。
Obviously the grim sadness of life in a concentration camp should have overpowered this miniature world that the Brown Owls were trying to build for their young girls.
显然，集中营生活的严峻悲伤应该压倒棕色猫头鹰试图为他们的年轻女孩建造的这个微型世界。
But according to Janie, that's not what happened.
但据珍妮说，事实并非如此。
Instead, it was the Girl Guides who started to exert an influence on the adults around them.
相反，女童军开始对周围的成年人施加影响。
They lead by example.
他们以身作则。
It made a difference to all the adults in this camp and kept them going.
这对这个营地的所有成年人都产生了影响，并让他们继续前进。
The whole atmosphere was better because they had this very strong promise that they wouldn't stop smiling.
整个气氛更好了，因为他们有一个非常强烈的承诺，那就是他们不会停止微笑。
They wouldn't give up.
他们不会放弃。
They would carry on singing songs.
他们会继续唱歌。
They would insist on everybody washing.
他们会坚持要求每个人都洗澡。
This is the point where I wondered, was this true?
这就是我想知道的一点，这是真的吗？
I didn't think that anybody was necessarily lying to me.
我不认为有人一定在对我撒谎。
I just thought probably the Brown Owl had left the bad stuff out of her log book.
我只是想棕色猫头鹰可能把不好的东西从她的日志中遗漏了。
I figured she'd put the best possible spin on an awful situation.
我认为她会对这种糟糕的情况做出尽可能最好的解释。
That's what Girl Guides do, right?
这就是女导游所做的，对吧？
Oh, the door's open.
哦，门开着。
Phia Bennin Oh, hello.
菲亚·本宁 哦，你好。
Come on in.
进来吧。
Pj Vogt Fortunately, there's a woman who's still alive and remembers Weihsien.
Pj Vogt 幸运的是，有一个女人还活着，还记得魏县。
Her name is Mary Previte.
她的名字叫玛丽·普雷维特。
She lives in New Jersey.
她住在新泽西州。
I visit her with my producer, Phia Bennin.
我和我的制片人菲亚·贝宁一起拜访了她。
What can I tell you?
我能告诉你什么？
Oh, by the way, can I pour you some tea?
哦，顺便问一下，我可以给你倒杯茶吗？
I am so bad about this.
我对此感到很糟糕。
I get so busy talking that--
我忙着说话——
Mary Previte is a small, beautiful 82-year-old woman.
玛丽·普雷维特 (Mary Previte) 是一位身材娇小、美丽的 82 岁妇女。
She's also one of the happiest people I've ever met.
她也是我见过的最幸福的人之一。
I don't know if anybody I've interviewed has ever fully broken into song unprompted.
我不知道我采访过的人是否曾经完全自发地唱歌。
Mary did-- seven times.
玛丽做了七次。
Also, unlike Leopold, Mary has a phenomenal memory.
此外，与利奥波德不同的是，玛丽拥有惊人的记忆力。
She told me about the day that Japanese troops arrived at her boarding school.
她告诉我日本军队到达她的寄宿学校的那天。
The day after Pearl Harbor was attacked, the Japanese showed up on the doorstep of our school.
珍珠港事件发生的第二天，日本人就出现在我们学校门口。
They put seals with Japanese writing on everything-- the tables, the chairs, the pianos, the desks.
他们在桌子、椅子、钢琴、书桌等所有东西上都贴上了日文印章。
Everything belonged to the Great Emperor of Japan.
一切都属于日本大天皇。
And then they put arm bands on us.
然后他们给我们戴上臂带。
Everyone had to wear an arm band.
每个人都必须佩戴臂章。
A for American, B for British, whatever our nationality was.
A 代表美国人，B 代表英国，无论我们的国籍是什么。
The girls were eventually transferred into Weihsien.
女孩们最终被转移到潍县。
Mary became a concentration camp Girl Guide.
玛丽成为集中营的一名女童向导。
This was over 70 years ago.
这是70多年前的事了。
But when Mary talks about the camp, she sounds like she's still there, like she's 12 years old again.
但当玛丽谈到营地时，她听起来好像还在那里，就像她又回到了 12 岁一样。
She said this story about the Brown Owls insisting on good table manners, absolutely true.
她说棕色猫头鹰坚持良好餐桌礼仪的故事绝对真实。
So you're eating some kind of glop out of a maybe boiled animal grain-- because [CHINESE] is a broomcorn that the Chinese feed to their animals-- was often what they fed us.
所以你吃的可能是煮熟的动物谷物中的某种粘稠物——因为[中国]是中国人喂给动物的高粱——他们经常喂给我们。
And you're eating it out of a soap dish or a tin can.
你是从肥皂盒或锡罐里吃它的。
And here comes Miss Stark up behind us-- one of our teachers.
斯塔克小姐出现在我们身后——我们的一位老师。
"Mary Taylor, do not slouch over your food while you are eating.
“玛丽·泰勒，吃饭时不要弯腰驼背。
Do not talk while you have food in your mouth.
嘴里有食物时不要说话。
And there are not two sets of manners, one set of manners for the princesses in Buckingham Palace and another set of manners for the Weihsien concentration camp."
而且不存在两套礼仪，一套是白金汉宫公主的礼仪，另一套是潍县集中营的礼仪。”
Mary was separated from her parents, unsure of when she'd BE released, surrounded by pack dogs and men with guns.
玛丽与父母失散，不确定何时能被释放，周围都是驮狗和持枪男子。
She says that she spent a lot of her time just thinking about earning merit badges.
她说她花了很多时间思考如何获得功绩徽章。
In the winter, it would get cold, freezing.
到了冬天，天气会变得寒冷、冰冻。
But no heat was provided to the prisoners by the guards.
但看守没有给囚犯提供暖气。
Instead, Mary and her friends had to go collect leftover coal shavings from the guards' quarters.
相反，玛丽和她的朋友们不得不去警卫室收集剩下的煤屑。
I remember now the ritual of going to Japanese quarters to get the coal dust and carry it back.
我现在还记得去日本人宿舍取煤尘并带回来的仪式。
Like making a new pencil from pencil shavings, except the coal is heavy.
就像用铅笔屑制作一支新铅笔一样，只不过煤很重。
And it had to be passed bucket by bucket in a line of Girl Guides.
而且它必须在女童军队伍中一桶一桶地传递。
Then the shavings were mixed with dust and water and dried in the sun.
然后将刨花与灰尘和水混合并在阳光下晒干。
It was long, hard work.
这是漫长而艰苦的工作。
And then at the end of it, you still had to go use that recycled coal in a pot-bellied stove and keep the stove lit so that everybody would be warm.
最后，你仍然必须在大肚炉子中使用回收的煤炭，并保持炉子点燃，这样每个人都会感到温暖。
It sounded horrible, like a childhood from a Charles Dickens novel.
这听起来很可怕，就像查尔斯·狄更斯小说中的童年一样。
Except Mary remembers it as being surprisingly fun, a game she could win.
但玛丽记得这非常有趣，她可以赢的游戏。
I and my partner, Marjorie Harrison, we won the competition in our dormitory of which stove lighting team made the pot-bellied stove in the winter turn red hot more times than any other girl in the camp.
我和我的搭档玛乔丽·哈里森（Marjorie Harrison）在宿舍竞赛中获胜，其中炉灶照明小组使冬天大腹便便的炉灶烧得通红的次数比营里其他任何女孩都多。
Well, you know, here I am, 82 years old, and what do I choose to tell you?
好吧，你知道，我已经 82 岁了，我选择告诉你什么？
I won.
我赢了。
The pot-belly turned red more times with me and Marjorie Harrison than any other girl in our dorm.
我和玛乔丽·哈里森的大肚皮变红的次数比我们宿舍里其他任何女孩都多。
When you describe it, it sounds like you're describing summer camp instead of describing a concentration camp.
当你描述它时，听起来像是在描述夏令营而不是集中营。
Did it feel like summer camp?
有没有像夏令营的感觉？
Did you ever--
你有没有——
Well, I never was in a summer camp.
嗯，我从来没有参加过夏令营。
So I can't give you a-- no, no, no, absolutely not.
所以我不能告诉你——不，不，不，绝对不。
When you had guard dogs, bayonet drills, electrified wires, barrier walls, pill boxes with armed guards in them, you weren't in a summer camp.
当你有看门狗、刺刀钻、电线、隔离墙、里面有武装警卫的药箱时，你就不是在夏令营了。
Don't misunderstand me.
别误会我的意思。
I'm not saying this was Fun City.
我并不是说这是欢乐城。
I'm telling you, we lived a miracle where grownups preserved our childhood.
我告诉你，我们创造了一个奇迹，大人保留了我们的童年。
There's reference in the logbook to the trouble the adults were having keeping it together, but you'd have to know to look for it.
航海日志中提到了大人们在整理它们时遇到的麻烦，但你必须知道如何寻找它。
A scout leader writes one entry that reads, "Dear me, what a tragedy.
一位童子军领袖写了一篇文章，上面写着：“亲爱的我，真是一场悲剧。
Brown Owl had an attack of neuralgia.
棕色猫头鹰神经痛发作。
Let's hope he's better for our meeting.
希望他在我们的会议上表现得更好。
Neuralgia's a nerve disorder.
神经痛是一种神经疾病。
But what that actually meant was that the Brown Owl was having a nervous breakdown.
但这实际上意味着棕色猫头鹰精神崩溃了。
Years later, Mary went and tracked down one of the grownups.
多年后，玛丽找到了其中一位成年人。
I said, Miss Carr, what were you feeling when we were in a concentration camp?
我说，卡尔小姐，当我们在集中营时，你感觉如何？
Well, all the grownups in the camp knew about the rape of Nanking, the atrocities that the soldiers had done when they came to the southern city of Nanking.
好吧，集中营里的所有成年人都知道南京的强奸事件，以及士兵们来到南方城市南京时所犯下的暴行。
Japanese soldiers went door to door, systematically raping and killing tens of thousands of Chinese civilians.
日本士兵挨家挨户，有计划地强奸和杀害了数以万计的中国平民。
So they knew what could happen.
所以他们知道会发生什么。
The teachers knew what could happen.
老师们知道会发生什么。
So I said to Miss Carr, what were you feeling?
所以我对卡尔小姐说，你感觉如何？
She said, well, I would pray to God that when they lined us up along the death trenches-- and they were outside the camp-- when they lined us up to shoot us so our bodies would fall into the death pits, that I would be one of the first so I didn't have to see it.
她说，好吧，我会向上帝祈祷，当他们把我们排成一排，沿着死亡战壕——而且他们就在营地外面——当他们排成一排向我们开枪，让我们的尸体掉进死亡坑时，我会成为第一批人之一，这样我就不用亲眼目睹了。
So there were two sets of prayers.
所以有两套祈祷。
At night, the grownups, many of them not much older than the kids themselves, prayed grimly for a fast death.
到了晚上，大人们（其中许多人比孩子们年纪并不大）严肃地祈祷着快点死掉。
And then they woke up in the morning and they sang songs with the kids, set the bouncy camp melodies.
然后他们早上醒来，和孩子们一起唱歌，设定充气营的旋律。
It was like you weren't going to be afraid if you could sing about it.
就好像如果你能唱歌就不会害怕一样。
We would sing, (SINGING) Day is done.
我们会唱歌，（唱歌）一天结束了。
Gone the sun from the sea, from the hills, from the sky.
太阳从海上、从山上、从天上消失了。
All is well, safely rest.
一切顺利，安心休息。
God is nigh.
上帝就在附近。
How could you be afraid when you're singing about all is well, safely rest, God is nigh?
当你歌唱一切都好、安息、上帝就在身边时，你怎么会害怕呢？
How could you be afraid of that?
你怎么会害怕这个呢？
So we were constantly putting things into music.
所以我们不断地把东西融入到音乐中。
Often, you know, there was a little bit of a twist of fun to it.
通常，你知道，其中有一点有趣的地方。
One of the songs that we sang was, (SINGING) We might have been shipped to Timbuktu.
我们唱的一首歌是，（唱歌）我们可能被运到廷巴克图。
We might have been shipped to Kalamazoo.
我们可能被运送到卡拉马祖。
It's not repatriation or isn't yet stagnation.
这不是遣返，也不是停滞。
It's only concentration in Chefoo.
只集中在烟台。
There probably aren't many places on earth where you have less reason to be cheerful than a concentration camp.
地球上可能没有多少地方比集中营更让人高兴了。
But it turns out, in a place like that, being able to be cheerful, to have a positive outlook, it's not dopey or silly.
但事实证明，在这样的地方，能够保持开朗、乐观的态度，并不傻，也不傻。
It's how you survive.
这就是你生存的方式。
How you tell the story matters.
如何讲故事很重要。
For example, one of the things that we sang when the Japanese were marching us into concentration camp was the first verse of Psalm 46.
例如，当日本人把我们押进集中营时，我们唱的歌之一就是诗篇 46 的第一节。
(SINGING) God is our refuge, our refuge and our strength.
（唱）上帝是我们的避难所，我们的避难所，我们的力量。
And on it goes.
就这样继续下去。
In trouble, we will not be afraid.
遇到困难，我们不会害怕。
All of these words just sung into our hearts.
所有这些话都唱进了我们的心里。
That sticks.
那粘住了。
It's like you've got a groove sticking in the gramophone record.
就好像留声机唱片上有一个凹槽。
I am safe.
我很安全。
I am safe.
我很安全。
I am safe.
我很安全。
That was just profound.
那真是太深刻了。
The first Chefoo brownies warded off despair for four years, until finally, on August 17, 1945, they were rescued.
第一批烟台布朗尼在四年内抵御了绝望，直到 1945 年 8 月 17 日终于获救。
It was a windy day.
那是一个刮风的日子。
Pj Vogt Mary remembers the American plane flying low over the camp.
Pj Vogt Mary 记得那架美国飞机低空飞过营地上空。
And the parachutes falling from the sky.
还有从天而降的降落伞。
All I knew was I was running to find whoever it was that was dropping out of the sky beyond the barrier walls.
我只知道我正在跑去寻找从障碍墙外的天空中掉下来的人。
I'm there in the hot sun.
我在烈日下。
It's a blue sky.
这是一片蓝天。
It's a brown slope.
这是一个棕色的斜坡。
It's a browned earth.
这是一片褐色的土地。
And the people went berserk.
人们变得疯狂。
Leopold Pander People running all over the place.
利奥波德·潘德 人们到处乱跑。
Somebody picks me up, and then I wake up.
有人来接我，然后我就醒了。
Leopold says that the nightmare that used to haunt him is just his memory of that day, of being a four-year-old, lost and wandering around a riot of freed concentration camp survivors.
利奥波德说，曾经困扰他的噩梦只是他对那一天的记忆，当时他还是一个四岁的孩子，迷失了方向，在一群被释放的集中营幸存者周围徘徊。
Most of the people who are there on liberation day are now dead.
解放日那天在场的大多数人现在都已经死了。
One of the dormitories at Weihsien's a memorial, but mostly this place exists as a footnote in some books on a website designed by a Belgian man and in the memories of the remaining survivors.
潍县的一间宿舍是纪念馆，但这个地方大多作为比利时人设计的网站上的一些书中的脚注以及剩余幸存者的记忆中存在。
It's a half disappeared world with a strong pull on the people who do still remember it.
这是一个半消失的世界，对仍然记得它的人们有着强大的吸引力。
A couple weeks ago at the grocery store, I watched a gang of Brownie Scouts rush down the pet food aisle.
几周前，在杂货店，我看到一群布朗尼童子军冲进宠物食品货架。
They had their uniforms on, covered in merit badges for public speaking and backyard astronomy.
他们穿着制服，上面挂满了公开演讲和后院天文学的功绩徽章。
They were happy and safe in their own world, a million miles from Weihsien.
他们在距离潍县一百万英里的自己的世界里快乐而安全。
I wondered if they knew what they might be capable of.
我想知道他们是否知道自己能做什么。
PJ Vogt.
PJ·沃格特。
He's the co-host of the podcast "Reply All," where this story came from, and which I am a big fan of.
他是播客“全部回复”的联合主持人，这个故事就是从这个播客中来的，我也是该播客的忠实粉丝。
You can subscribe to "Reply All" on iTunes, or wherever you get your podcasts.
您可以在 iTunes 上或任何可以获取播客的地方订阅“回复全部”。
On July 28, "Reply All" is going to be appearing in Cast Party, which is a podcast festival broadcast live to movie theaters across the country.
7 月 28 日，《回复全部》将出现在演员派对上，这是一个向全国电影院现场直播的播客节。
It also features "Radiolab" and "Invisibilia." Info and tickets at castparty.org.
它还具有“Radiolab”和“Invisibilia”。信息和门票请访问castparty.org。
Coming up, Aziz Ansari thinks you don't know how to text.
接下来，阿齐兹·安萨里 (Aziz Ansari) 认为您不知道如何发短信。
And when he makes the case, I have to say, I think you're going to believe him.
当他提出这个理由时，我不得不说，我想你会相信他的。
That's in a minute from Chicago Public Radio when our program continues.
芝加哥公共广播电台一分钟后我们的节目仍在继续。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Each week on our program, of course, we choose a theme.
当然，每周我们的节目都会选择一个主题。
We bring you different stories on that theme.
我们为您带来有关该主题的不同故事。
Today's show, "Captain's Log," stories where we take the unemotional facts in logs and records of various sorts, and we look behind them at the much more emotional, complicated stories that they are so stoically documenting.
在今天的节目《船长日志》中，我们从日志和各种记录中获取非情感事实，并在它们背后看到他们如此坚忍地记录的更加情感化、复杂的故事。
We've arrived at Act Two of our program, Act Two, "Romancing the Phone."
我们已经到了节目的第二幕，第二幕“电话浪漫”。
Recently, my wife and I, we were texting some things to each other that were so intense that at the end she suggested we just delete all of our texts that we had ever written to each other ever.
最近，我和我的妻子互相发了一些短信，内容非常激烈，以至于最后她建议我们删除所有我们曾经写过的短信。
And it wasn't like we thought that anybody else was going to see our texts.
我们并不认为其他人会看到我们的短信。
It's like we just didn't want them to exist in this world any more.
就好像我们只是不想让他们再存在于这个世界上一样。
We wanted that history of our conversation to vanish forever from the face of the earth, never think about it again.
我们希望我们的谈话历史永远从地球表面消失，永远不要再想起它。
You know, it's like text messages are this little history.
你知道，短信就像一段小历史。
It's like they're our logbook of our interactions with people.
它们就像是我们与人互动的日志。
And of course, usually they're not so emotional.
当然，通常他们不会那么情绪化。
Usually they're pretty terse, which totally makes them perfect for today's program, because their terseness behind it, there can be a whole story.
通常它们都非常简洁，这完全使它们非常适合今天的节目，因为它们简洁的背后可能有一个完整的故事。
And recently, a sociologist started to study this.
最近，一位社会学家开始研究这个问题。
This was not very traditional sociology.
这不是非常传统的社会学。
The sociologist Eric Klinenberg at NYU teamed up with a comedian, Aziz Ansari, to examine the texts that people send to each other right when they start dating.
纽约大学的社会学家埃里克·克林伯格 (Eric Klinenberg) 与喜剧演员阿齐兹·安萨里 (Aziz Ansari) 合作，研究了人们在开始约会时互相发送的短信。
And they put out a book with her findings.
他们出版了一本书，介绍了她的发现。
It's called Modern Romance .
它的名字叫《现代浪漫》。
And what they did, they spoke to a few hundred people.
他们所做的，是与数百人交谈。
Their research was conducted in focus groups, like 10 to 20 people in a room, in eight different cities.
他们的研究是在八个不同城市的焦点小组中进行的，比如一个房间里有 10 到 20 个人。
And then sometimes they would do a version of these focus groups on stage in front of audiences, in New York and Los Angeles.
有时他们会在纽约和洛杉矶的舞台上在观众面前表演这些焦点小组的版本。
What they would do is Aziz would get up, and he would do a little stand up.
他们要做的就是阿齐兹站起来，而他会稍微站起来。
And then he would introduce Eric, like Eric was the next comic who was coming on stage.
然后他会介绍埃里克，就像埃里克是下一个上台的喜剧演员一样。
Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Mr. Eric Klinenberg.
女士们、先生们，请欢迎 Eric Klinenberg 先生。
So Eric would come up, and he would talk a little bit about previous work that he'd done.
所以埃里克会出现，他会谈论一些他之前所做的工作。
And he would drop this statistic, that in 1950, 23% of American adults were single.
他会放弃这个统计数据，即 1950 年，23% 的美国成年人是单身。
And today, about half of all adults are single.
如今，大约一半的成年人是单身。
About half of all of adults are single.
大约一半的成年人是单身。
And I live in Manhattan.
我住在曼哈顿。
And in Manhattan, one out of every two households has just one person.
在曼哈顿，每两个家庭中就有一个只有一个人。
Several people in the audience go "hmm."
台下几人“嗯”了一声。
See, I got a "hmm," Aziz.
看，我“嗯”了一声，阿齐兹。
Aziz Ansari Those are like big laughs for sociologists, when people are like, "whoo." Gasps.
阿齐兹·安萨里（Aziz Ansari）：对于社会学家来说，这就像大笑，而人们会说“哇”。喘气。
I imagine backstage at sociology conferences, it's just like, man, I got so many gasps.
我想象在社会学会议的后台，就像，伙计，我喘不过气来。
Like, did you hear how many gasps there were?
比如，你听到有多少喘气声吗？
You hear how many rumblings there were after I dropped that statistic?
你听到我放弃这个统计数据后有多少传言了吗？
Those are good stats, man.
这些都是很好的统计数据，伙计。
Those are great stats.
这些都是很棒的统计数据。
Now what Eric and Aziz were interested in was exactly what it is that people say to each other when they want to ask somebody out on a date.
现在埃里克和阿齐兹感兴趣的正是人们在约某人出去约会时互相说的话。
So at these shows, Aziz and Eric would ask people for their phones, and then they would take their phones, and they would read their text messages out loud to the crowd.
因此，在这些演出中，阿齐兹和埃里克会向人们索要手机，然后他们会拿起手机，向人群大声朗读短信。
Those texts, that log, that was the raw data for their research.
那些文本、那些日志，就是他们研究的原始数据。
And if you think about it from a research perspective, texts are great, because they are a real time record of what actually transpired, which is way more reliable and accurate than asking people later on to recall what happened.
如果你从研究的角度思考，文本很棒，因为它们是实际发生的事情的实时记录，这比后来要求人们回忆发生的事情更可靠和准确。
One of our producers, Jonathan Manjivar, dove into that data, and he now explains how those shows would go.
我们的制作人之一乔纳森·曼吉瓦尔（Jonathan Manjivar）深入研究了这些数据，现在他解释了这些节目将如何进行。
A quick warning before he starts, we're talking about dating.
在他开始之前先警告一下，我们正在谈论约会。
So there's nothing explicit in this story at all, but we acknowledge the existence of sex.
所以这个故事根本没有任何明确的内容，但我们承认性的存在。
Now here's Jonathan.
现在是乔纳森。
This particular focus groups slash comedy show was recorded at the Upright Citizens Brigade theater in New York.
这部特别的焦点小组斜杠喜剧节目是在纽约的 Upright Citizens Brigade 剧院录制的。
The room had been split up so that all the guys were on one side.
房间被分隔开，所以所有的人都在一侧。
The girls were on the other.
女孩们在另一边。
And pretty quickly into the show, Aziz asked for volunteers to come up on stage.
演出很快开始，阿齐兹就要求志愿者上台。
He and Eric specifically wanted guys who had recently made first contact with a woman they were interested in.
他和埃里克特别想要最近第一次接触过他们感兴趣的女人的男人。
How had the guys made their initial approach?
这些人是如何进行初步接触的？
So four guys get up on stage.
于是四个人就上台了。
And then, one by one, they hand over their phones to Aziz.
然后，他们将手机一部一部交给阿齐兹。
Pull up your text message exchange with these women.
拿出你与这些女性的短信交流。
And what we want you to do is scroll to the very first message you sent to the women.
我们希望您做的是滚动到您发送给女性的第一条消息。
Aziz starts reading texts.
阿齐兹开始阅读文本。
And the first guy, he'd been set up by his boss, not over text but over email.
第一个人是被他的老板陷害的，不是通过短信而是通过电子邮件。
The email was sent to both him and his potential date.
该电子邮件已发送给他和他的潜在约会对象。
And it just said, "Cocktails, go get some." So this guy emailed the woman.
它只是说：“鸡尾酒，去喝点吧。”于是这个人给那个女人发了电子邮件。
You said, "Hey, Jared," that's his boss, "sure has a way of setting things up, dot dot dot, LOL.
你说，“嘿，贾里德，”那是他的老板，“肯定有办法安排事情，点点点，哈哈。
Would love to get a drink.
很想喝一杯。
When is it good for you, early next week or following Thanksgiving?
什么时候对你有利，是下周初还是感恩节之后？
My number is blah blah blah, by the way, if that is an easier way of communicating.
顺便说一下，我的电话号码是等等，如果这是一种更简单的沟通方式的话。
And then she texted you, correct?"
然后她给你发短信了，对吗？”
A week later.
一周后。
Aziz Ansari A week-- a week later?
阿齐兹·安萨里 一周——一周后？
Everyone's like [BLEEP] that [BLEEP] why'd you do that?
每个人都像[BLEEP] 那样[BLEEP] 你为什么这么做？
So OK, so she said, "Hey, Zach," exclamation.
好吧，所以她感叹道，“嘿，扎克”。
"It's Collette, Jared's friend.
“我是科莱特，杰瑞德的朋友。
I'm so, so sorry.
我非常非常抱歉。
I completely lost track of your email and forgot to respond.
我完全忘记了你的电子邮件并且忘记回复。
But--" no one believes her.
但是——”没有人相信她。
How many people don't believe that she really lost track?
有多少人不相信她真的迷路了？
No hands go up.
没有人举手。
Eric Klinenberg That's insane.
埃里克·克林伯格：这太疯狂了。
There's not one person that believes that someone could lose track of something anymore.
没有人相信有人会失去对某件事的追踪。
OK.
好的。
So she said, I'm sorry.
所以她说，对不起。
I lost track of your email and forgot to respond, but I'd love to grab a drink if you're free this week.
我忘记了你的电子邮件，也忘了回复，但如果你这周有空的话，我很想喝一杯。
So she wrote that on Friday at 12:45.
所以她在周五 12:45 写下了这篇文章。
So the guy wrote back.
于是那人就回信了。
Aziz Ansari "Hey, Collette, dot dot dot.
阿齐兹·安萨里“嘿，科莱特，点点点。
Would love to get a drink, dot dot dot.
很想喝一杯，点点点。
Wednesday works well for me, dot dot dot.
星期三对我来说很合适，点点点。
How about you?" Question mark.
你呢？”问号。
OK.
好的。
OK, so Aziz moves on to guy number two, because what's about to happen is that we're going to hear all of their initial attempts.
好的，阿齐兹转向第二个人，因为即将发生的事情是我们将听到他们所有最初的尝试。
And then the women in the audience are going to vote on who did it best.
然后观众中的女性将投票选出表现最好的人。
Guy number two met a woman on the train one night.
一天晚上，二号人物在火车上遇见了一名女子。
The next morning, he sent the message.
第二天一早，他就发来了消息。
This is what he said.
他是这么说的。
"Hey, Audrey.
“嘿，奥黛丽。
This is Joe.
这是乔。
Nice meeting you real quick last night.
昨晚很高兴见到你。
How are you?" Question mark.
你怎么样？”问号。
So that's his first message.
这是他的第一条消息。
And then--
然后——
Moving on to guy number three, he had met a woman at an NYU alumni event.
第三个人，他在纽约大学校友活动中遇到了一位女士。
And then you wrote a message a few days later.
几天后你写了一条消息。
And this is two messages, OK.
这是两条消息，好吧。
You said, "Hey there.
你说：“嘿，那里。
How'd your Thanksgiving feast turn out?" Question mark.
你的感恩节大餐怎么样？”问号。
"Here's a shot of the spread I put together.
“这是我整理的传播的照片。
I'd say it came out all right." Smiley face.
我想说结果还不错。”笑脸。
"Yo.
“哟。
I know it's tiny, but I promise, it looks delicious."
我知道它很小，但我保证，它看起来很好吃。”
Guy number four got someone's number at a wedding.
第四个人在婚礼上得到了某人的电话号码。
She left the wedding.
她离开了婚礼。
And then not long after, he texted her.
然后没过多久，他就给她发了短信。
Was this like a "hey, this is my number" type text?
这是否像“嘿，这是我的号码”类型的文字？
OK.
好的。
So you say, "What's up?
所以你说：“怎么了？
It's Theo." That's the voice your text has.
我是西奥。”这就是你的短信的声音。
And then she said, "Hey, nothing much.
然后她说：“嘿，没什么。
Hey, NM.
嘿，尼玛。
Just heading back home.
刚要回家。
How's the party going?" And then you set a few minutes later, "It's fun.
聚会进行得怎么样？”几分钟后你说道：“很有趣。
You left too early.
你离开得太早了。
Ha ha.
哈哈。
This was like [BLEEP].
这就像[BLEEP]。
I thought we were boning tonight."
我以为我们今晚就在一起了。”
Was that, like, what you were really thinking.
那是你真正的想法吗？
Like, you know, we could have just-- so then, the next night, you send her the equivalent of your first contact, if you will.
就像，你知道，我们可以——那么，第二天晚上，如果你愿意的话，你可以向她发送相当于你第一次联系的信息。
And you say, "It was cool meeting you last night.
你说：“昨晚见到你真是太棒了。
I'll be back in Cali in two weeks for winter break.
两周后我将回到卡利过寒假。
We should hang out some time.
我们应该出去玩一段时间。
Ha ha." It wasn't necessarily a Young Jeezy ha ha.
哈哈。”这不一定是 Young Jeezy 哈哈。
It was just a ha ha.
本来就是哈哈而已。
So four guys, which one did this best?
那么四个人，哪一个做得最好呢？
Aziz and Eric turn to the women in the audience.
阿齐兹和埃里克转向观众席上的女性。
Why don't we see which one do you guys like the most?
为什么不让我们看看你们最喜欢哪一位呢？
Just the women in the audience.
只有观众中的女性。
Clap if your favorite is this.
如果你最喜欢的是这个，请鼓掌。
So the clear winner, the guy who wrote about Thanksgiving.
所以明显的赢家是写感恩节的人。
"Hey there.
“嘿，那里。
How'd your Thanksgiving feast turn out?
你的感恩节大餐过得怎么样？
Here's a shot of the spread I put together."
这是我整理的传播的照片。”
But could we find out from someone here what is so good about that text?
但我们能否从这里的某人那里找出该文本的优点是什么？
If you voted for that text--
如果你投票赞成该文本——
Yeah, raise your hand.
是的，请举手。
Jonathan Manjivar A woman in the audience, who's a little off mic, says it gets the conversation going.
乔纳森·曼吉瓦尔（Jonathan Manjivar） 观众席上一位有点偏离麦克风的女士表示，这让谈话得以继续。
You asked a question.
你问了一个问题。
And he said something about his Thanksgiving, and it made you want to comment on it.
他说了一些关于他的感恩节的话，这让你想对此发表评论。
OK.
好的。
Anybody else?
还有其他人吗？
Jonathan Manjivar It was personal, another woman says.
乔纳森·曼吉瓦（Jonathan Manjivar） 另一位女士说，这是私人恩怨。
He remembered what you talked about.
他记得你说过的话。
Personal, remember what you talked about.
就个人而言，记住你谈论的内容。
You guys taking notes over there, by the way?
顺便问一下，你们在那边做笔记吗？
Same time, we kind of need to know what didn't work out so well with the texts that nobody voted for.
与此同时，我们需要知道哪些内容对于没有人投票支持的文本效果不佳。
What did you not like about-- Eric Klinenberg Oh, yeah, all the way in the back.
你不喜欢什么——Eric Klinenberg 哦，是的，一直在后面。
The woman in the back doesn't like the "what's up" guy who met someone at a wedding and texted her after she left.
后面的女人不喜欢那种在婚礼上认识某人并在她离开后给她发短信的“最近怎么样”的男人。
In fact, no one liked that text.
事实上，没有人喜欢这篇文字。
It got zero claps.
掌声为零。
The woman says, it sounded like he just wanted to have sex.
这位女士说，听起来他只是想发生性关系。
He's saying, I don't live here.
他说，我不住在这里。
But I'm going to be back.
但我会回来的。
Let's hang out.
我们出去玩吧。
And I don't want to talk to you until then.
在那之前我不想和你说话。
What do you mean?
你什么意思？
Why do you think he doesn't want to talk to her until then?
你认为为什么他在那之前不想和她说话？
He would have asked a question.
他会问一个问题。
Does anyone else feel like that?
其他人也有这样的感觉吗？
Yeah.
是的。
Aziz Ansari Guys are like, must ask questions.
阿齐兹·安萨里（Aziz Ansari） 伙计们，必须问问题。
Other than asking questions, Aziz and Eric have some very clear advice about the kinds of texts their research shows works when you're trying to ask someone out.
除了提出问题之外，阿齐兹和埃里克还对他们的研究显示当你想约某人出去时有效的文本类型提出了一些非常明确的建议。
Number one, invite the person to something specific at a specific time.
第一，邀请此人在特定时间参加特定的活动。
Two, say something that refers back to an earlier conversation you had, so it's clear you were listening.
第二，说一些与你们之前的谈话相关的话，这样就可以清楚地看出你在听。
And three, say something funny.
第三，说一些有趣的事情。
Aziz and Eric say most guys, surprisingly, do not instinctually get this.
阿齐兹和埃里克说，令人惊讶的是，大多数人并没有本能地明白这一点。
They don't do it.
他们不这样做。
But after dropping this knowledge at the show, women were invited to come up on stage to share texts they'd gotten from guys.
但在节目中透露这些信息后，女性被邀请上台分享她们从男性那里收到的短信。
And coincidentally, the very first woman received a text from a guy that followed two of the three rules.
巧合的是，第一个女人收到了一个男人发来的短信，该男人遵循这三个规则中的两个。
This was his first text to you.
这是他给你发的第一条短信。
"Hey, how was the rest of your Thanksgiving?" Question mark.
“嘿，感恩节剩下的时间过得怎么样？”问号。
"You want to grab a drink tomorrow around 7:30 in LES?" Question mark.
“明天 7:30 左右你想在 LES 喝一杯吗？”问号。
That's a pretty-- whoa.
那真是漂亮——哇。
He's good.
他很好。
Aziz Ansari She just said, he's good.
阿齐兹·安萨里（Aziz Ansari）她只是说，他很好。
That's the bar for he's good.
这就是他优秀的标准。
"How was your Thanksgiving?
“你的感恩节过得怎么样？
Do you want to get a drink Wednesday?" Oh my god.
星期三你想喝一杯吗？”天哪。
Who is this god?
这位神是谁？
That guy got a date.
那家伙有个约会。
Another woman got a text that was at the opposite end of the spectrum.
另一位女士收到了一条截然相反的短信。
The guy pretty much does everything wrong, from the start.
这家伙从一开始就几乎做错了所有事情。
OK.
好的。
So his first message, "Hi." And then you have to go, "Hi, is this Connor?" I mean, this dude doesn't even want to tell his name.
所以他的第一条消息是“嗨”。然后你必须说：“嗨，这是康纳吗？”我的意思是，这家伙甚至不想说出他的名字。
"Hey."
“嘿。”
You said, "Hi.
你说：“嗨。
Is this Connor?" And he goes, "This is." Connor, you want to say some [BLEEP]?
这是康纳吗？”然后他说，“这是。”康纳，你想说一些[BLEEP]吗？
"Hi.
“嗨。
What's going on?" "I'm actually just waking up.
发生什么事了？” “其实我才刚醒。
Picking my mix up for my morning.
为我的早晨挑选我的混合物。
So far, it's consisting of "Goodbye Horses" and "Big Pimping." And you're still being very nice.
到目前为止，它由“再见马”和“大皮条”组成。而且你还是很好。
"Oh, nice.
“哦，很好。
Well, what are you up to tonight?" "Tonight, I'm not sure.
嗯，今晚有什么事吗？” “今晚，我不确定。
I may want to eat some mushrooms."
我可能想吃一些蘑菇。”
No one is like, yeah, you should go out with this guy.
没有人会说，是的，你应该和这个家伙出去。
Everyone's like, good decision.
大家都说，这是个好决定。
Way to go.
一路走好。
OK, so to review, there are three rules.
好的，回顾一下，有三个规则。
Ask a question.
问一个问题。
Make a specific plan.
制定具体计划。
Be funny.
有趣一点。
In fact, this night at the UCB theater, Aziz asked guys in the crowd to text someone they were interested in, right now, armed with this new knowledge.
事实上，今晚在 UCB 剧院，阿齐兹要求人群中的人给他们感兴趣的人发短信，现在就掌握了这些新知识。
And just before the end of the show--
就在演出结束之前——
Did any of you guys get a message back?
大家有收到回信吗？
Anybody?
有人吗？
Oh, come on.
哦，来吧。
Aziz Ansari You did?
阿齐兹·安萨里 你做到了吗？
OK.
好的。
Oh my god.
我的天啊。
OK.
好的。
OK, so you said, "Hey, I'm finally free from the horrors of math.
好吧，所以你说：“嘿，我终于摆脱了数学的恐惧。
Do you want to check out a new bar on Franklin next week?" Question mark.
下周你想去富兰克林的一家新酒吧看看吗？”问号。
She wrote back, six minutes later, "Yeah, for sure!" Exclamation.
六分钟后，她回信说：“是的，当然！”感叹。
"I'm down.
“我下来了。
Also, next Thursday is my birthday.
另外，下周四是我的生日。
So I'm hoping to party it up next weekend." Smiley face.
所以我希望下周末能举办派对。”笑脸。
Holy [BLEEP].
天哪[哔]。
We were right.
我们是对的。
Thank you, guys, so much for coming out.
谢谢你们，非常感谢你们的到来。
We really appreciate it.
我们真的很感激。
Aziz Ansari.
阿齐兹·安萨里.
The book that he wrote with Eric Klinenberg is called Modern Romance .
他与埃里克·克林伯格（Eric Klinenberg）合写的书名为《现代浪漫》（Modern Romance）。
Jonathan Menjivar is one of the producers of our show.
乔纳森·门吉瓦尔 (Jonathan Menjivar) 是我们节目的制片人之一。
Act Three, "On A Quiet Street in Richmond." So all through this hour today, we have documents that describe big dramatic things in the most "just the facts, ma'am" language possible, like a captain's log usually does.
第三幕，“在里士满安静的街道上”。因此，今天这一个小时，我们收到的文件以最“女士，只是事实”的语言描述了重大的戏剧性事件，就像船长日志通常所做的那样。
And we found this article from 1853 that's a good example of this.
我们发现 1853 年的这篇文章就是一个很好的例子。
In the article, a writer named William Chambers went out to witness and report on slave auctions.
文中，一位名叫威廉·钱伯斯的作家外出见证并报道了奴隶拍卖的情况。
Apparently enough people had written about these in a very melodramatic and sensationalistic way that Chambers felt like somebody needed to go out and give a true, factual account.
显然，有足够多的人以一种非常戏剧性和耸人听闻的方式写下这些内容，钱伯斯觉得需要有人走出去，给出一个真实的、事实性的描述。
Everything is described precisely as it occurred, without passion or prejudice.
一切都按其发生的情况准确地描述，没有激情或偏见。
It would not have been difficult to be sentimental on a subject which appeals so strongly to the feelings but I preferred telling the simple truth.
在一个如此强烈地诉诸感情的话题上表现出感伤并不困难，但我更喜欢说出简单的事实。
Our excerpts of Chambers' article were read for us by actor John Ellison Conlee.
演员约翰·埃里森·康利为我们朗读了钱伯斯文章的摘录。
By 1853, slavery was controversial, and Chambers opposed it.
到了 1853 年，奴隶制引起了争议，钱伯斯表示反对。
He was a Scottish guy, an outsider.
他是一个苏格兰人，一个局外人。
And so he spent a couple days going from one auction shop to another in Richmond, Virginia.
因此，他花了几天时间从一家拍卖行到弗吉尼亚州里士满的另一家拍卖行。
Chambers explains that he's seen advertisements for slave sales.
钱伯斯解释说，他看到过贩卖奴隶的广告。
And when he went to the addresses, he found a narrow short street between two main streets in the city, brick houses on either side where there were a few small auction shops.
而当他前往地址时，却发现城内两条主干道之间有一条狭窄的短街，两边都是砖房，还有几家小型的拍卖行。
On this particular day, it was pretty empty.
在这一天，这里空无一人。
Shops were identifiable by little red flags that hung outside their doors.
商店可以通过门外悬挂的小红旗来识别。
And pinned to each flag was a piece of paper listing the men, women, and children who were going to be sold that day.
每面旗帜上都钉着一张纸，上面列出了当天要被出售的男人、女人和儿童。
Conceive the idea of a large shop with two windows and a door between, no shelving or counters inside, the interior a spacious, dismal apartment, not well swept.
想象一下这样一个想法：一家大商店，有两扇窗户，中间有一扇门，里面没有架子或柜台，内部是一间宽敞、阴暗的公寓，没有打扫干净。
The only furniture a desk at one of the windows and a bench at one side of the shop, three feet high with two steps to it from the floor.
唯一的家具是窗户旁的一张桌子和商店一侧的一张长凳，三英尺高，距离地板有两级台阶。
Conceive the idea of this dismal looking place with nobody in it but three Negro children who, as I entered, were playing at auctioneering each other.
想象一下这个看起来阴暗的地方，里面除了三个黑人孩子之外没有人，当我进去时，他们正在互相拍卖。
An intensely black little Negro of four or five years of age was standing on the bench-- or block, as it is called-- with an equally black girl, about a year younger, by his side whom he was pretending to sell by bids to another black child who was rolling about the floor.
一个四五岁的黑人小黑人站在长凳上——或者叫“街区”——身边站着一个同样是黑人的女孩，比他小一岁左右，他假装把她卖给另一个在地板上打滚的黑人孩子。
My appearance did not interrupt the merriment.
我的出现并没有打断大家的欢乐。
The little auctioneer continued his play and appeared to enjoy the joke of selling the girl who stood demurely by his side.
小个子拍卖师继续玩着，似乎很享受卖掉站在他身边端庄的女孩这个玩笑。
"$50 for the girl.
“给那个女孩50美元。
$50, $50.
50 美元，50 美元。
I sell this here fine girl for $50," was uttered, with appropriate gestures in imitation, doubtless, of the scenes he had seen and acted daily on the spot.
我在这里以 50 美元的价格卖掉这个漂亮的女孩。”他用适当的手势说道，毫无疑问，这是他每天在现场看到和表演的场景。
I spoke a few words but was scarcely understood.
我说了几句话，但几乎没人听懂。
And the fun went on as if I had not been present.
有趣的事情还在继续，就好像我不在场一样。
So I left them, happy and rehearsing what was likely soon to be their own fate.
于是我离开了他们，心满意足地预演着他们即将面临的命运。
At 9:30 AM, at another store, Chambers is approached by a salesman and asked if he's there to buy a slave.
上午 9:30，在另一家商店，一名推销员找到钱伯斯，询问他是否是来购买奴隶的。
Chambers explains that he is not.
钱伯斯解释说他不是。
He's simply there to witness the sales and gather information, which seems fine with the salesman.
他只是在那里见证销售并收集信息，这对推销员来说似乎没什么问题。
A lanky man sits down next to Chambers wearing what Chambers calls a wide awake hat, which is a hat with a kind of low round crown and a wide brim.
一个瘦长的男人坐在钱伯斯旁边，戴着钱伯斯所谓的宽帽，这种帽子有一种低圆冠和宽帽檐。
Looking towards the door, I observe the subjects of sale.
我朝门口望去，观察着出售的物品。
The man and boy indicated by the paper on the red flag enter together, whence, as the day was chilly, they edge themselves towards the fire in the corner where I was seated.
红旗上的纸所示的男人和男孩一起进来，由于天气寒冷，他们从那里向我坐的角落里的火堆靠近。
I was now between the two parties, the white man on the right and the old and young Negro on the left.
我现在站在两派之间，白人在右边，年长和年轻的黑人在左边。
And I waited to see what would take place.
我等着看会发生什么。
The sight of the Negroes at once attracted the attention of Wide Awake.
黑人的景象立刻引起了清醒者的注意。
He kept keenly eyeing the pair as if to see what they were good for.
他一直敏锐地注视着这两个人，仿佛想看看他们有什么好处。
Under this searched gaze, the man and boy were a little abashed but said nothing.
在这探寻的目光下，男人和少年都有些羞愧，但什么也没说。
Their appearance had little of the repulsiveness we are apt to associate with the idea of slaves.
他们的外表并不像我们容易联想到的奴隶那样令人厌恶。
They were dressed in a grey woolen coat, pants, and waistcoat, colored cotton neck cloths, clean shirts, coarse woolen stockings, and stout shoes.
他们穿着灰色羊毛外套、裤子和背心，彩色棉质领巾，干净的衬衫，粗糙的羊毛袜和坚固的鞋子。
Moved by a sudden impulse, Wide Awake left his seat and, rounding the back of my chair, began to grasp at the man's arms, as if to feel their muscular capacity.
突然的冲动感动了他，他离开了座位，绕过我的椅背，开始抓住那个男人的手臂，仿佛要感受他们肌肉的力量。
He then examined his hands and fingers, and last of all told him to open his mouth and show his teeth, which he did in a submissive manner.
然后他检查了他的手和手指，最后让他张开嘴，露出牙齿，他顺从地照做了。
Having finished these examinations, Wide Awake resumed his seat.
完成这些检查后，清醒回到座位上。
I asked the elder Negro what was his age.
我问年长的黑人他的年龄是多少。
He said he did not know.
他说他不知道。
I next inquired how old the boy was.
我接着问这个男孩多大了。
He said he was seven years of age.
他说他七岁了。
On asking the man if the boy was his son, he said he was not.
当询问该男子这个男孩是否是他的儿子时，他说不是。
He was his cousin.
他是他的表弟。
Chambers and the man that he calls Wide Awake wait around for a while for the auction to start and then get tired of waiting.
钱伯斯和那个被他称为“清醒”的人在拍卖开始前等待了一段时间，然后就厌倦了等待。
And they leave the shop to check out another one further up the street.
然后他们离开商店去看看街上更远的另一家商店。
Here, according to the announcement on the paper stuck to the flag, there were to be sold a woman and three children, a young woman, three men, a middle aged woman, and a little boy.
在这里，根据贴在旗帜上的纸上的公告，将出售一名妇女和三个孩子、一名年轻女子、三名男子、一名中年妇女和一名小男孩。
Already a crowd had met.
已经有一群人见面了。
A few were seated near a fire on the right-hand side, and others stood around an iron stove in the middle of the apartment.
一些人坐在右手边的火旁，其他人则站在公寓中间的一个铁炉周围。
The whole place had a dilapidated appearance.
整个地方呈现出破败不堪的样子。
From a back window, there was a view into a ruinous courtyard, beyond which, in a hollow, accessible by a side lane, stood a shabby brick house on which the word jail was inscribed in large black letters on a white ground.
从后窗望去，可以看到一座破败的庭院，庭院之外的一个空洞里，矗立着一座破旧的砖房，可通过一条小巷进入，上面白底下用黑色大字刻着“监狱”一词。
I imagined it to be a depot for the reception of Negroes.
我想象它是一个接待黑人的仓库。
On my arrival, and while making these preliminary observations, the lots for sale had not made their appearance.
当我到达时，在进行这些初步观察时，待售地块还没有出现。
In about five minutes afterwards, they were ushered in, one after the other, under the charge of a mulatto, who seemed to act as a principal assistant.
大约五分钟后，他们在一名混血儿的带领下被一前一后地引进，这名混血儿似乎是一名首席助理。
I saw no whips, chains, or any other engine of force, nor did such appear to be required.
我没有看到鞭子、锁链或任何其他动力装置，似乎也不需要这些。
All the lots took their seats on two long forms near the stove.
所有的人都在炉子附近的两张长表格上就座。
None showed any signs of resistance, nor did anyone utter a word.
没有人表现出任何反抗的迹象，也没有人发出任何声音。
Their manner was that of perfect humility and resignation.
他们的态度是完全的谦逊和顺从。
As soon as all were seated, there was a general examination of their respective merits by feeling their arms, looking into their mouths.
所有人一坐下，就通过摸他们的手臂、看着他们的嘴来对他们各自的优点进行总体检查。
Yet there was no abrupt rudeness in making these examinations, no coarse or domineering language was employed.
然而，在进行这些检查时并没有出现突然的粗鲁行为，也没有使用粗俗或霸道的语言。
The three Negro men were dressed in the usual manner, in grey woolen clothing.
这三个黑人穿着平常的灰色羊毛衣服。
The woman with three children excited my peculiar attention.
那个带着三个孩子的女人引起了我特别的注意。
She was neatly attired with a colored handkerchief bound around her head and wore a white apron over her gown.
她衣着整洁，头上缠着彩色手帕，长袍外罩着一条白色围裙。
Her children were all girls, one of them a baby at the breast three months old, and the others two and three years of age, respectively, rigged out with clean white pinafores.
她的孩子们都是女孩，其中一个是三个月大的哺乳婴儿，另外两个分别是两岁和三岁，都穿着干净的白色围裙。
There was not a tear or an emotion visible in the whole party.
整个聚会上没有流泪，也没有任何情绪。
Everything seemed to be considered as a matter of course.
一切似乎都被认为是理所当然的事情。
And the change of owners was possibly looked forward to do with as much indifference as ordinary hired servants anticipate a removal from one employer to another.
人们对业主变更的期待可能与普通雇工对从一个雇主调换到另一个雇主的期望一样冷漠。
While intending purchasers were proceeding with personal examinations of the several lots, I took the liberty of putting a few questions to the mother of the children.
当有意购买者对几批拍品进行个人检查时，我冒昧地向孩子们的母亲提出了一些问题。
The following was our conversation.
以下是我们的谈话。
Are you a married woman?
你是已婚妇女吗？
Yes, sir.
是的，先生。
How many children have you had?
你有几个孩子？
Seven.
七。
Where is your husband?
你丈夫在哪里？
In Madison County.
在麦迪逊县。
When did you part from him?
你什么时候和他分开的？
On Wednesday, two days ago.
两天前的星期三。
Where you sorry to part from him?
你哪里舍不得和他分开？
Yes, sir, she replied with a deep sigh.
是的，先生，她深深叹了口气回答道。
My heart was almost broke.
我的心都快碎了。
Why is your master selling you?
你的主人为什么要卖你？
I don't know.
我不知道。
He wants money to buy some land.
他想要钱买一些土地。
Suppose he sells me for that.
假设他为此卖掉了我。
There might not be a word of truth in these answers, for I had no means of testing their correctness.
这些答案可能没有一句真话，因为我无法检验它们的正确性。
But the woman seemed to speak unreservedly.
但女子却似乎毫无保留的说道。
And I am inclined to think that she said nothing but what, if necessary, could be substantiated.
我倾向于认为她除了必要的话可以证实的内容之外什么也没说。
When the woman and her three children are put up on the auction block, bidding starts at $850.
当这位女士和她的三个孩子被拍卖时，起价为 850 美元。
But it only gets up to $890.
但最多只能卖 890 美元。
That won't do, gentleman, the auctioneer says.
拍卖师说，先生，那不行。
I cannot take such a low price.
我不能接受这么低的价格。
And the women and her children step down from the block.
妇女们和她的孩子们从街区走下来。
$890 is the equivalent of nearly $26,000 today.
890 美元相当于今天的近 26,000 美元。
Chambers reprints a price list.
钱伯斯重印了一份价目表。
That's what one adult would sell for, not an adult and three kids.
这是一个成人的售价，而不是一个成人和三个孩子的售价。
The most interesting passage in Chambers' report is where he speculates about what the slaves feel about all this.
钱伯斯报告中最有趣的一段是他推测奴隶们对这一切的感受。
Then in this passage he starts fine.
然后在这段话中他开始得很好。
There was an entire absence of emotion in the looks of men, women, and children thus seated, preparatory to being sold.
男人、女人和孩子都这样坐着，准备被卖掉，他们的表情完全没有任何感情。
This does not correspond with the ordinary accounts of slave sales which are represented as tearful and harrowing.
这与通常描述的令人泪流满面、令人痛苦的奴隶贩卖记述并不相符。
And then, Chambers takes a turn.
然后，钱伯斯轮流发言。
He says something that is really hard to imagine somebody today writing.
他所说的话实在很难想象今天有人会写出来。
My belief is that none of the parties felt deeply on the subject, or at least that any distress they experienced was but momentary, soon passed away and was forgotten.
我相信，没有任何一方对这个问题有深刻的感受，或者至少他们所经历的任何痛苦都只是暂时的，很快就过去了并被遗忘了。
One of my reasons for this opinion rests on a trifling incident which occurred.
我提出这个观点的原因之一在于发生的一件小事。
While waiting for the commencement of the sale, one of the gentleman present amused himself with a pointer dog which, at command, stood on its hind legs and took pieces of bread from his pocket.
在等待拍卖开始的时候，在场的一位绅士用一只指示犬取乐，这只指示犬在接到命令后用后腿站立，从口袋里掏出几块面包。
These tricks greatly entertained the row of Negroes, old and young.
这些把戏让一排黑人，无论老老少少，都非常开心。
And the poor woman, whose heart three minutes before was almost broken, now laughed as heartily as anyone.
而这个可怜的女人，三分钟前她的心都快碎了，现在却像任何人一样开怀大笑。
Today, this just seems wrong-headed.
今天看来，这种想法是错误的。
Of course you could be deeply affected by something you're going through and still, you know, laugh at a dog doing tricks.
当然，你可能会受到你正在经历的事情的深刻影响，但你知道，你仍然会嘲笑狗的把戏。
Of course, any of us could contain both those things at the same time.
当然，我们任何人都可以同时拥有这两种东西。
It's weird that Chambers doesn't see that.
奇怪的是钱伯斯没有看到这一点。
A scholar who's written about Chambers told me that Chambers was actually not a keen observer of people in his writing.
一位写过钱伯斯文章的学者告诉我，钱伯斯在他的著作中实际上并不是一个敏锐的观察者。
He doesn't do much character observation when he writes.
他在写作时并没有做太多的人物观察。
So it's possible he just was not super perceptive about people's feelings.
所以有可能他只是不太了解人们的感受。
But also, when you read more of Chambers, it's clear he thinks that white people are superior to black people.
而且，当你更多地了解钱伯斯时，你会发现他显然认为白人优于黑人。
He wrote, quote, "A black man is only a kind of man.
他写道，“黑人只是一种人。
He stands upright on two legs, his hands to work, wears clothes, can cook his food, a point not reached by monkeys," Chambers writes.
他用两条腿直立，用手工作，穿衣服，可以做饭，这是猴子无法达到的程度，”钱伯斯写道。
"Perhaps," Chambers says, "there's something wrong with his craniological development," which, I guess he means, not as smart.
“也许，”钱伯斯说，“他的颅骨发育有问题”，我猜他的意思是，不那么聪明。
So he went on a mission to document the reality of slavery for his readers.
因此，他肩负着为读者记录奴隶制现实的使命。
He was that enlightened.
他就是那么开明。
He was that against it.
他是反对的。
But that was as far as he went.
但他也仅此而已。
On his visit to Richmond, he was not able to see the people in front of him for what they really were, which was, of course, exactly the same as him.
在访问里士满时，他无法看到眼前这些人的真实面目，当然，他们和他一模一样。
Act Four, "A Brief History of Us." So to close today's show, we asked a fiction writer, Etgar Keret, to create a short story that works like a captain's log that's told completely through a series of unemotional facts.
第四幕，“我们的简史”。因此，为了结束今天的节目，我们请小说作家埃特加·凯雷特（Etgar Keret）创作一个短篇故事，它就像船长日志一样，完全通过一系列不带感情色彩的事实来讲述。
Here's what he wrote.
这是他写的。
It's read for us by actress Sue Scott.
这是女演员苏·斯科特为我们朗读的。
At first, we were a cell, then an amoeba, than a fish.
起初，我们是一个细胞，然后是变形虫，最后是一条鱼。
And after a very long and frustrating era, we became a lizard.
经过一段漫长而令人沮丧的时代后，我们变成了一只蜥蜴。
That was the era when, as we recall, the earth felt soft and unsteady beneath our feet.
我们记得，在那个时代，我们脚下的大地感觉柔软且不稳定。
So we climbed a tree.
于是我们就爬上了树。
Up there in the treetops, we felt secure.
在树顶上，我们感到很安全。
At some point, we climbed down and started walking upright and speaking.
在某个时刻，我们爬了下来，开始直立行走并说话。
And as soon as we began speaking, we just couldn't stop.
一旦我们开始说话，我们就停不下来。
After that, we watched a lot of TV.
之后，我们看了很多电视。
It was a fantastic era.
那是一个美妙的时代。
We always laughed in the wrong places.
我们总是在错误的地方笑。
And people stared and said, what's so funny?
人们盯着看，说，有什么好笑的？
And we didn't even bother answering.
我们甚至懒得回答。
That's how little we cared.
我们就是这么不关心。
We promised ourselves we'd find a job we loved.
我们向自己保证，我们会找到一份我们喜欢的工作。
And when that didn't work out, we settled for a job we didn't hate.
当这不起作用时，我们就找到了一份我们不讨厌的工作。
And we felt lucky, and then unlucky, and then lucky again.
我们感到幸运，然后不幸，然后又幸运。
And suddenly, our parents were dying.
突然间，我们的父母就去世了。
Then they died.
然后他们死了。
A second before they departed, we held their hand really tight and told him we forgave them for everything-- everything.
在他们离开之前，我们紧紧握住他们的手，告诉他我们原谅他们的一切——一切。
And our voice broke when we said that, because we weren't convinced we were telling the truth.
当我们这么说的时候，我们的声音都沙哑了，因为我们不相信自己说的是实话。
And we were afraid they could sense it.
我们担心他们能感觉到。
Less than a year after that, our son was born.
不到一年，我们的儿子出生了。
And he also climbed a tree and felt secure up there.
他还爬上了一棵树，在那里感到很安全。
And he came down at some point, too, and went off to college.
他也曾在某个时候落下来，去上大学。
Then we were left alone, and it started getting cold, not like the other time eons ago when we hid in boroughs and peered out while the dinosaurs froze to death, but still depressingly cold.
然后我们就被留下了，天气开始变冷，不像亿万年前的其他时候，我们躲在行政区里，在恐龙冻死的时候向外张望，但仍然寒冷得令人沮丧。
So we went to a drama workshop, because our friend said it would do us good.
所以我们去了戏剧工作坊，因为我们的朋友说这对我们有好处。
They gave us a series of improv exercises.
他们给了我们一系列即兴练习。
And in the first one, we poisoned each other.
在第一个事件中，我们互相毒害。
And in the second one, we cheated on each other.
在第二次中，我们互相欺骗了。
And in the third one, the instructor, who spoke English with a heavy indistinct accent said, now switch partners.
第三次，教练说着带着浓重模糊口音的英语，现在换搭档。
And within seconds, it wasn't us anymore.
几秒钟之内，就不再是我们了。
The new man who was my partner said, let's do a sketch where you're a baby, and I give birth to you and nurse you and protect you from all evil.
我的搭档新人说，让我们画一幅草图，你还是个婴儿，我生下你，照顾你，保护你免受一切邪恶的侵害。
And I said, sure, why not?
我说，当然，为什么不呢？
But by the time he'd finished giving birth to me and nursing me and protecting me from all evil, our time was up.
但当他生下我、照顾我并保护我免受一切邪恶侵害时，我们的时间就到了。
And the instructor with a strange accent asked if the exercise had made any primal memory surface.
教练带着奇怪的口音询问练习是否使任何原始记忆浮现出来。
And I said it hadn't, because I didn't want to admit that it had brought back warm primordial memories from millions of years ago, from before we even emerged from the water.
我说没有，因为我不想承认它带回了数百万年前、甚至在我们从水中出现之前的温暖的原始记忆。
Afterwards at home, we got into an argument over something really dumb and had the biggest fight we'd ever had since we were created.
之后在家里，我们因为一些非常愚蠢的事情发生了争吵，并进行了自我们被创造以来最激烈的争吵。
We yelled and cried and broke things, the kind of things that if you'd asked us a day earlier we'd have told you were unbreakable.
我们大喊大叫，摔坏了东西，如果你早一天问我们，我们会告诉你这些东西是牢不可破的。
Then we packed our stuff up in a suitcase and shoved whatever didn't fit in the suitcase into plastic grocery bags.
然后我们把东西装进手提箱，把手提箱装不下的东西塞进塑料袋里。
And we dragged all that behind us like homeless people to the apartment where a very wealthy friend of ours lived.
我们像无家可归的人一样把所有这些都拖到我们一个非常富有的朋友住的公寓里。
And he put a sheet out on his plush sofa for us.
他为我们在他的豪华沙发上铺了一张床单。
The friend told us that it might seem like the end of the world now.
朋友告诉我们，现在看起来就像是世界末日。
But by morning, all the rage and hurt feelings would melt away, and everything would look different.
但到了早上，所有的愤怒和受伤的感觉都会消失，一切都会看起来不同。
And we said, no, something had been broken.
我们说，不，有东西坏了。
Something had been torn apart, something we would never be able to mend or forgive.
有些东西被撕裂了，我们永远无法修复或原谅。
The friend lit an imported Slims cigarette and said, OK, maybe so.
朋友点了一支进口细香烟说，好吧，也许是这样。
But can I just ask, why do you keep talking in the plural?
但我能问一下，为什么你一直用复数说话呢？
Instead of answering, I just looked around and realized I was alone-- truly, completely alone.
我没有回答，只是环顾四周，意识到我独自一人——真正、完全的孤独。
Sue Scott, reading a story by Etgar Keret.
苏·斯科特正在阅读埃特加·凯雷特的故事。
Etgar's latest book is a memoir called The Seven Good Years .
埃特加的最新著作是一本回忆录，名为《美好的七年》。
His story was translated from Hebrew by Jessica [INAUDIBLE].
他的故事由杰西卡从希伯来语翻译而来[听不清]。
Our program was produced today by Zoe Chace and myself with Sean Cole, Stephanie Foo, Chana Joffe-Walt, Miki Meek, Jonathan Menjivar, Brian Reed, Robyn Semien, Alissa Shipp, and Nancy Updike.
今天我们的节目由 Zoe Chace 和我本人以及 Sean Cole、Stephanie Foo、Chana Joffe-Walt、Miki Meek、Jonathan Menjivar、Brian Reed、Robyn Semien、Alissa Shipp 和 Nancy Updike 制作。
Editing help from Joel Lovell.
乔尔·洛弗尔 (Joel Lovell) 的编辑帮助。
Production help from Simon Adler, Seth Lind, our operations director, Emily Condon, who's our production manager.
西蒙·阿德勒 (Simon Adler)、运营总监赛斯·林德 (Seth Lind) 以及生产经理艾米丽·康登 (Emily Condon) 为制作提供帮助。
Elise Bergerson's our office manager.
埃莉斯·伯格森是我们的办公室经理。
Elna Baker scouts stories for our show.
艾尔娜·贝克为我们的节目寻找故事。
Research help today from Michelle Harris and Christopher Swetala.
米歇尔·哈里斯 (Michelle Harris) 和克里斯托弗·斯韦塔拉 (Christopher Swetala) 今天为研究提供了帮助。
Music help from Damien Graef and Rob Geddis.
Damien Graef 和 Rob Geddis 提供音乐帮助。
[ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS] Our website, thisamericanlife.org.
[致谢] 我们的网站 thisamericanlife.org。
This American Life is delivered to public radio stations by PRX, the Public Radio Exchange.
《美国生活》由公共广播电台 PRX 向公共广播电台播出。
Thanks, as always, to our program's co-founder, Mr. Torey Malatia.
一如既往地感谢我们项目的联合创始人 Torey Malatia 先生。
You know, he donated blood this week.
你知道，他这周献血了。
And when it was all over, I don't know.
而这一切什么时候结束，我不知道。
He told me he was really feeling out of sorts.
他告诉我他真的感觉不太舒服。
I said, "What's the status on the cookies?
我说：“cookie 的状态如何？
Yarr.
亚尔。
Me so hungry."
我好饿。”
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Back next week with more stories of This American Life.
下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。