540: A Front - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #540 | November 21, 2014 540: A Front Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 540 集 | 2014 年 11 月 21 日 540：前注：《This American Life》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue Ira Glass From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life.
序言 来自 WBEZ 芝加哥的 Ira Glass，这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Well, so the story starts where I get a call.
好吧，故事从我接到电话开始。
It's interesting, I remember this very well.
很有趣，我记得很清楚。
I was sitting at my desk.
我坐在办公桌前。
This is John Diedrich, a reporter who covers law enforcement for the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
我是约翰·迪德里奇 (John Diedrich)，一名报道《密尔沃基哨兵报》执法情况的记者。
I get a call.
我接到电话。
And it was from a landlord, a guy named Dave Salkin.
这是房东戴夫·索尔金发来的。
And Dave Salkin owns this place that he, unbeknownst to him, rented to the ATF.
戴夫·索尔金 (Dave Salkin) 拥有这个地方，他在不知情的情况下将其租给了 ATF。
Didn't know who they were, they were undercover agents.
不知道他们是谁，他们是卧底。
And they had trashed his place, and they were behind on rent.
他们把他的房子弄脏了，还拖欠房租。
They had threatened him.
他们威胁过他。
And I said, where are you, I'm coming right now.
我说，你在哪里，我马上就来。
While they were undercover, agents from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives basically ripped up his place.
当他们卧底时，酒精、烟草、枪械和爆炸物管理局的特工基本上摧毁了他的住处。
Salkin said at the time that they owed $15,000 in damages and back rent.
索尔金当时表示，他们欠下 15,000 美元的损害赔偿金和拖欠租金。
Later he said it was more.
后来他说还多了。
When he tried to collect, they didn't pay up.
当他试图收钱时，他们没有付钱。
In fact, an ATF lawyer warned him that if he kept asking for the money, it could be seen as harassing federal agents.
事实上，ATF 的一名律师警告他，如果他继续索要这笔钱，可能会被视为骚扰联邦特工。
So he took me through the place, and he showed me the damage.
于是他带我参观了那个地方，并向我展示了损坏的情况。
There were door frames that were broken, holes in the wall, a toilet that had overflowed and ruined some carpeting on the floor-- they grew marijuana plants, which later they got criticism from headquarters being an unauthorized prop-- and a bunch of junk that was left behind in the operation.
门框坏了，墙上有洞，厕所溢出，弄脏了地板上的一些地毯——他们种植大麻植物，后来他们受到总部的批评，认为这是未经授权的道具——还有一堆在行动中留下的垃圾。
What John had stumbled onto was an ATF operation of such blinding incompetence that it is kind of hard to fathom.
约翰偶然发现的 ATF 行动是如此无能，以至于令人难以理解。
The Attorney General later called what happened at this store and others like it very troubling.
总检察长后来称这家商店和其他类似事件发生的事情非常令人不安。
The ATF had set up a fake business, a front, in this out of the way warehousey space not near other stores.
ATF 在这个不靠近其他商店的偏僻仓库空间里设立了一个假企业，一个幌子。
Raquel Rutledge was John's reporting partner on the story.
拉克尔·拉特利奇 (Raquel Rutledge) 是约翰的报道伙伴。
It was called Fearless Distributing.
这被称为“无畏分发”。
And it was kind of a hip hop clothing store, also sold some drug paraphernalia.
这是一家嘻哈服装店，也卖一些吸毒用具。
But the real goal was to actually buy guns and drugs.
但真正的目标是购买枪支和毒品。
To get the guns off the street and to catch people selling them illegally, also to do drug busts.
为了将枪支从街上撤走并抓获非法出售枪支的人，还为了缉毒。
If you looked to be a real customer coming in to buy clothing from the store and so forth, they would try to scare you away, because the idea was they really wanted only sort of shady individuals that were willing to bring them guns and drugs.
如果你看起来是一个真正的顾客，进来从商店购买衣服等，他们会试图把你吓跑，因为他们的想法是，他们实际上只想要那些愿意给他们带来枪支和毒品的可疑人物。
And so--
所以——
Yeah.
是的。
It's not Retail 101.
这不是零售101。
Their cover story was that they were a motorcycle gang from New York that had stolen all of this stuff off a truck.
他们的掩盖故事是，他们是来自纽约的摩托车团伙，从卡车上偷走了所有这些东西。
All this stuff, the hip hop clothing, that is.
所有这些东西，就是嘻哈服装。
The agents would tell customers that they wanted to buy guns and drugs.
代理商会告诉顾客他们想购买枪支和毒品。
And they left conversation starters, like gun brochures and magazines, lying around on the counters.
他们在柜台上留下了诸如枪支手册和杂志之类的话题开场白。
And they distributed flyers with the store's logo, which was a skull with angel wings made from assault rifles and knives with the words Buy, Sell, Trade, wink, wink.
他们还分发了带有商店标志的传单，这是一个带有天使翅膀的头骨，由突击步枪和刀具制成，上面写着“买，卖，贸易，眨眼，眨眼”。
Federal agents actually ripped off the logo from the Sylvester Stallone film, The Expendables , possibly in violation of their copyright.
联邦特工实际上从西尔维斯特·史泰龙的电影《敢死队》中撕下了标志，这可能侵犯了他们的版权。
The whole store was set up with secret cameras, so everything that happened was filmed to use as evidence later.
整个店里都设置了秘密摄像头，所以发生的一切都被拍了下来作为事后的证据。
But right from the start, like the most basic thing that you would think that the ATF would get right, the price of guns, even there they had problems.
但从一开始，就像你认为 ATF 会做对的最基本的事情一样，枪支的价格，即使在那里他们也遇到了问题。
ATF policy was to pay whatever just to get the guns off the street.
ATF 的政策是不惜一切代价，只为了让枪支远离街头。
But that led to complications.
但这导致了并发症。
Right.
正确的。
I mean, when you looked at what the street value of these were, they were paying really beyond, well beyond retail, well beyond mint value in these cases, I mean, to the point that people were able to go and buy guns from stores such as Gander Mountain and bring them right there.
我的意思是，当你看看这些枪的街头价值时，你会发现他们支付的价格确实超出了零售价，远远超出了铸币厂的价值，我的意思是，人们可以从甘德山等商店购买枪支并将其带到那里。
There was one gun that they paid $2,100 for, and just the day before the individual had bought it for $700 at a store.
他们花了 2,100 美元购买了一把枪，就在前一天，该人在一家商店以 700 美元的价格购买了这把枪。
I mean, it was really spurring folks to go out and steal.
我的意思是，这确实刺激了人们出去偷窃。
And neighbors we talked to around River West said they did also see an uptick in burglaries in their neighborhood.
我们采访过的西河周边邻居表示，他们也发现附近的入室盗窃案有所增加。
Wait, wait.
等等，等等。
I just want to be sure that I've got this right.
我只是想确定我做对了。
So they move in, they set up an operation to buy stolen stuff, and what that does is that it increases, it creates an incentive for people to steal.
所以他们搬进来，设立了一个购买偷来的东西的行动，这样做的结果是它增加了，它创造了人们偷窃的动机。
And so they're creating crime.
所以他们正在制造犯罪。
Raquel and John found one guy, Brandon Gladney, who had no record of fencing guns before this.
拉克尔和约翰找到了一个叫布兰登·格拉德尼的人，他在此之前没有击剑记录。
But they say he apparently started in the gun business because of the incredibly high prices that ATF was willing to pay for firearms.
但他们表示，他显然是从枪支行业开始的，因为 ATF 愿意为枪支支付高得令人难以置信的价格。
But so many other details about this operation seem poorly conceived.
但有关这次行动的许多其他细节似乎都考虑不周。
Like, for example, if their cover is they're starting a store, why not have a sign or a storefront, like a real store?
例如，如果他们的封面是他们要开一家商店，为什么不像真正的商店那样有一个标志或店面呢？
Why pose as a white biker gang?
为什么冒充白人摩托帮？
Would that really fit in in a neighborhood that is mostly black people and hipsters?
这真的适合一个主要是黑人和嬉皮士的社区吗？
This thing was so suspicious.
这件事太可疑了。
I mean, OK, so you're on a dead end street.
我的意思是，好吧，所以你已经走在一条死胡同上了。
There's no traffic that comes by.
没有车流经过。
We did speak to the UPS guy who was coming through the neighborhood.
我们确实与路过附近的 UPS 人员进行了交谈。
This was interesting.
这很有趣。
And early on, he said, when the ATF agents first opened up, he stopped in on them and said, I'm from UPS.
他说，早些时候，当 ATF 特工第一次开口时，他停下来对他们说，我来自 UPS。
I see you guys, Fearless Distributing.
我看到你们了，无畏分发。
I'm happy to open an account for you.
我很高兴为您开设账户。
And the agent in charge quickly said, no, we're not going to be receiving or sending anything.
负责的代理人很快说，不，我们不会接收或发送任何东西。
And he was like, but your name is Fearless Distributing.
他说，但你的名字是无畏分配。
And so from the beginning--
所以从一开始——
How are you going to do the distributing without ever getting a package?
在没有收到包裹的情况下，您将如何进行分发？
[LAUGHS] Yeah, right.
[笑]是的，对。
Right.
正确的。
Ira Glass For supposed criminals they didn't seem too concerned with drawing attention to themselves.
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass）：对于所谓的罪犯来说，他们似乎不太关心引起别人的注意。
They threw barbecues and played loud music behind the building.
他们在大楼后面扔烧烤物并大声播放音乐。
Neighbors noticed customers walking in with guns and walking out empty-handed.
邻居们注意到顾客带着枪走进来，却空手而出。
And they were robbed.
他们被抢劫了。
These agents whose job it was to get guns out of the hands of criminals had three guns that were stolen out of an agent's car while he was parked at a coffee shop.
这些特工的工作就是从犯罪分子手中夺回枪支，他们的三把枪是在一名特工停在咖啡店时从车里偷走的。
These included a fully automatic rifle.
其中包括全自动步枪。
This is a machine gun, the kind that normally only law enforcement and military can legally have.
这是一把机关枪，通常只有执法部门和军队才能合法拥有。
Not long after that, the store itself was burglarized of $39,000 in clothes, jewelry, and merch, reportedly, because the ATF had not bothered to do much to secure the store and just did not seem to care.
据报道，不久之后，商店本身就被盗窃了价值 39,000 美元的衣服、珠宝和商品，因为 ATF 并没有费心采取太多措施来保护商店，而且似乎也不在乎。
Nobody was minding the store, literally.
从字面上看，没有人关心这家商店。
The ATF had no working burglar alarm on their building.
ATF 大楼内没有有效的防盗警报器。
So it was sort of, instead of a smash and grab, it was just this sort of like slow burglary.
所以这不是砸抢，而是一种缓慢的入室盗窃。
The neighbors report at one point, once they were able to get in-- again, no burglar alarm-- they kept the door propped open with a shoe.
邻居们曾报告说，一旦他们能够进去——同样，没有防盗警报——他们就用一只鞋子把门撑开。
And they were just kind of taking stuff out.
他们只是把东西拿出来。
And the word sort of spread.
这个词就这样传播开来了。
Hey, this place is just open.
嘿，这个地方刚刚开业。
Nobody's there.
那里没人。
We can just go get stuff.
我们可以去拿东西。
And at one point they just pulled up a U-Haul.
有一次他们刚刚拉起了一辆 U 型拖车。
And they were just sort of emptying this.
他们只是在清空这个。
And this is over several days.
而这已经过去好几天了。
And then even--
然后甚至——
Renting a U-Haul is such a crazy move, because is it means that somebody had to go and decide, I'm going to rent a truck.
租一辆 U-Haul 是一个疯狂的举动，因为这意味着必须有人去决定，我要租一辆卡车。
That's how slow this burglary is, that you can do a rental.
这就是盗窃的速度有多慢，你可以出租。
Yeah, exactly.
是的，完全正确。
And there's no sort of concern that you're going to be busted at that point, and just say, OK, I can only carry so much in my arms.
那时你不用担心你会被抓，你只需说，好吧，我的怀里只能抱这么多。
Let's get something bigger.
让我们做点更大的事情吧。
Let's get a U-Haul.
让我们来一辆U型拖车吧。
The same day the burglary was reported, an ATF ballistic shield, the kind that they would use to raid a house or something, was turned in by a scrapper at a Milwaukee police station.
在报告入室盗窃案的同一天，密尔沃基警察局的一名拆弹工上交了一个 ATF 防弹盾牌，他们用来突袭房屋或其他东西的那种。
One item that was just left lying around in the store after the robbery for anybody to pick up and read-- it was there when reporter John Diedrich walked through-- was a secret ATF document listing the names of undercover agents, their undercover vehicles from several law enforcement agencies in Milwaukee.
抢劫发生后，店里留下了一份供任何人捡起阅读的物品——当记者约翰·迪德里奇走过时，它就在那里——是一份 ATF 秘密文件，其中列出了卧底特工的姓名，以及他们来自密尔沃基多个执法机构的卧底车辆。
After the burglary, the ATF shut down Fearless Distributing.
盗窃案发生后，ATF 关闭了 Fearless Distributing。
And what results did they get from their fake storefront hip hop clothing business?
他们的假店面嘻哈服装生意得到了什么结果？
How many people were arrested?
有多少人被捕？
An ATF spokesman said it was a success, quote, "in many respects." Over 140 guns taken off the street, also 34 people were charged.
ATF 发言人表示，“在许多方面”，这是一次成功。街上 140 多支枪被缴获，另有 34 人受到指控。
But as John and Raquel point out, these were mostly for low-level drug and gun crimes.
但正如约翰和拉克尔指出的那样，这些案件大多是低级别的毒品和枪支犯罪。
Median sentence, they calculated, was two years.
他们计算出，刑期中位数是两年。
And nearly half the cases were dropped or resulted in no prison time.
近一半的案件被撤销或没有入狱。
And despite having video surveillance, John says the ATF incorrectly identified and arrested three suspects.
约翰表示，尽管有视频监控，ATF 仍然错误地识别并逮捕了三名嫌疑人。
And the alibi for one of them was that he was in prison at the time that they said that he was doing this operation on an ATF charge.
其中一人的不在场证明是，当他们说他因 ATF 指控而进行这项行动时，他正在监狱里。
So, you know, you would think that they would know they had busted him on an earlier AFT case.
所以，你知道，你会认为他们会知道他们在早些时候的 AFT 案件中抓获了他。
ATF would not tell the newspaper or us how much the operation cost the government.
ATF 不会告诉报纸或我们政府的行动成本是多少。
Things can get tricky pretty fast when you try to pretend to be something that you are not.
当你试图假装自己不是的时候，事情很快就会变得棘手。
To set up a fake gun-buying ring there are all kinds of details, like, you know, get an alarm system for your fake, fell-off-a-truck merch.
要建立一个假枪购买团伙，有各种各样的细节，比如，你知道，为你的假货、从卡车上掉落的商品安装一个警报系统。
Today on our radio show stories of people setting up fake operations in three very different settings, including very surprising things happening at other ATF storefronts across the country.
今天，我们的广播节目讲述了人们在三种截然不同的环境中开展虚假业务的故事，其中包括在全国其他 ATF 店面发生的非常令人惊讶的事情。
Stay with us.
留在我们身边。
Act One, WTF, ATF?
第一幕，WTF，ATF？
So a funny thing happened after John and Raquel wrote a series of stories about the ATF's fake business, Fearless Distributing, in Milwaukee.
因此，在约翰和拉克尔写了一系列有关 ATF 在密尔沃基的虚假业务“无畏分销”的故事后，发生了一件有趣的事情。
The United States Congress got involved.
美国国会介入其中。
ATF came and briefed Congress.
ATF 前来向国会通报情况。
And they said, this is a legitimate tactic that has worked well in other cities.
他们说，这是一种合法的策略，在其他城市也行之有效。
And it's just a problem in Milwaukee.
这只是密尔沃基的一个问题。
I acknowledge, Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, that there were deficiencies in our execution and management of some past activities in certain storefronts.
主席先生和委员会成员，我承认我们过去在某些店面的一些活动的执行和管理存在缺陷。
This is the director of the ATF, B.
这是 ATF 的主管 B.
Todd Jones, talking to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
托德·琼斯与众议院监督和政府改革委员会交谈。
As recently as April of this year, ATF and Jones were still defending ATF storefront operations across the country.
就在今年 4 月，ATF 和 Jones 仍在捍卫 ATF 在全国范围内的店面运营。
Jones says that there were 37 of them since 2009.
琼斯说自 2009 年以来已有 37 个。
As a result of our storefront operations in Albuquerque, Atlanta, Milwaukee, Pensacola, Portland, and Wichita, over 250 defendants have been convicted and over 1,300 firearms recovered.
通过我们在阿尔伯克基、亚特兰大、密尔沃基、彭萨科拉、波特兰和威奇托的店面业务，超过 250 名被告已被定罪，并起获超过 1,300 支枪支。
These convictions and the firearms recoveries undoubtedly made the communities and the people who live there safer.
这些定罪和收缴的枪支无疑使社区和居住在那里的人们更加安全。
And so we said, OK, well, let's test that premise.
所以我们说，好吧，让我们测试一下这个前提。
And that's when we looked around the country.
就在那时我们环顾全国。
And as we started looking, really, truly, we came back to one other-- you're not going to believe this.
当我们开始寻找时，真的，真的，我们又回到了彼此——你不会相信这一点。
I mean, we were shocked.
我的意思是，我们很震惊。
I don't think we expected to find this going on.
我认为我们没想到会发生这种情况。
Absolutely not, did we expect to find that it would go on elsewhere, because you can't imagine this would be part of a playbook or an MO of a federal agency.
绝对不是，我们是否期望发现它会在其他地方发生，因为你无法想象这会成为联邦机构的剧本或 MO 的一部分。
So it was stunning to find.
所以发现它真是令人惊叹。
Had they been burglarized?
他们被盗窃了吗？
Did they trash the landlord's place?
他们把房东的地方弄脏了吗？
We found in Portland the lady just said, I am so glad you called.
我们在波特兰发现那位女士刚刚说，我很高兴你打电话来。
She said, I have not known what to do.
她说，我不知道该怎么办。
She said, they left my place in shambles.
她说，他们把我的住处弄得一片狼藉。
She had photos of what they left it like-- I mean, like a college fraternity or something.
她有他们留下的照片——我的意思是，像大学兄弟会之类的。
Just trash everywhere, they tore out some walls and they rewired some stuff and caused a leaky roof.
到处都是垃圾，他们拆掉了一些墙壁，重新布线了一些东西，导致屋顶漏水。
She estimates her damages were probably $20,000 roughly, $20,000, $25,000.
她估计她的损失大概是 20,000 美元、20,000 美元、25,000 美元。
So that, you think, how does that happen?
那么，你想，这是怎么发生的呢？
Is that, again, part of the playbook?
这又是剧本的一部分吗？
Raquel and John looked into ATF storefronts in Wichita, Portland, Oregon, Pensacola, Albuquerque, Atlanta, and Phoenix.
拉克尔和约翰调查了威奇托、俄勒冈州波特兰、彭萨科拉、阿尔伯克基、亚特兰大和菲尼克斯的 ATF 店面。
Some of the Milwaukee problems they found examples of in those other cities?
他们在其他城市发现了一些密尔沃基问题的例子？
Agents paying extra high prices for guns, buying stolen goods, criminals committing burglaries in the neighborhoods around the stores and then selling the stuff to the ATF.
特工支付极高的价格购买枪支，购买赃物，犯罪分子在商店周围的社区进行入室盗窃，然后将这些东西卖给 ATF。
Raquel and John say that the quality of the convictions from these operations around the country, the kinds of people that the ATF was catching were mostly small fry, just like in Milwaukee.
拉克尔和约翰说，从全国各地这些行动的定罪质量来看，烟酒枪械管理局抓到的人大多都是小混混，就像在密尔沃基一样。
The ATF store in Pensacola was robbed just like the Milwaukee store was, twice.
彭萨科拉的 ATF 商店和密尔沃基的商店一样，也被抢劫了两次。
Once surprising finding?
曾经令人惊讶的发现？
Several storefronts were located near schools and churches.
几家店面位于学校和教堂附近。
This came up in the trial of an ATF defendant in Lakeland, Florida.
这是在佛罗里达州莱克兰对 ATF 被告的审判中出现的。
The very first question from the jury when they were deliberating was, is it legal for federal agents to open up a gun- and drug-buying operation within 1,000 feet of a school, because that seems illegal.
陪审团在审议时提出的第一个问题是，联邦特工在学校 1000 英尺范围内开展枪支和毒品购买活动是否合法，因为这似乎是非法的。
That seems like that should not be allowed.
这似乎是不应该被允许的。
That's what federal law is intended to do, is keep those criminals who are bringing guns and drugs in away from the school.
这就是联邦法律的目的，就是让那些携带枪支和毒品的犯罪分子远离学校。
Yeah, it is illegal for law enforcement to do that.
是的，执法部门这样做是违法的。
But in Portland, Oregon, John and Raquel found the ATF agent who set up the storefront operation there said that when they rented their place, he entered from the back and didn't notice a school across the street.
但在俄勒冈州波特兰，约翰和拉克尔发现在那里开设店面业务的 ATF 代理人说，当他们租用他们的房子时，他从后面进入，没有注意到街对面有一所学校。
They said, we didn't know the school was there, which is damning to their operational planning.
他们说，我们不知道学校在那里，这对他们的运营计划来说是毁灭性的。
How do you not know a school is across the street from your store?
您怎么不知道您商店的街对面有一所学校？
It turned out to be very helpful in their charging decisions later on.
事实证明，这对他们后来的收费决定非常有帮助。
Helpful because?
有帮助是因为？
John Diedrich Well, because selling guns or drugs within 1,000 feet of a school, a church, or other protected place is an enhanced penalty.
John Diedrich 嗯，因为在学校、教堂或其他受保护的地方 1,000 英尺范围内销售枪支或毒品属于加重处罚。
It's also eligible for federal prosecution.
它也有资格受到联邦起诉。
But probably the most outrageous ATF tactic that John and Raquel uncovered, the tactic that seemed to horrify Congress the most, was something they found in several cities.
但约翰和拉克尔发现的最令人发指的 ATF 策略，以及似乎最让国会感到恐惧的策略，可能是他们在几个城市发现的。
The ATF hired people at their fake stories who had a low IQs or were developmentally disabled, mentally impaired, and talked them into committing crimes, like a 20-year-old in Wichita named Tony Bruner.
ATF 雇佣了一些智商低下、发育障碍、精神障碍的人，并说服他们犯罪，比如威奇托一个名叫托尼·布鲁纳 (Tony Bruner) 的 20 岁年轻人。
So he cleaned up the store.
于是他把店里打扫干净了。
He swept.
他横扫了。
He helped stock the shelves and so forth.
他帮助整理货架等等。
And then as they talked to him, they said, hey, can you go get us guns, get us guns, get us guns.
然后当他们与他交谈时，他们说，嘿，你能去给我们拿枪吗，给我们拿枪，给我们拿枪。
And he trusted them.
他信任他们。
And they would buy him McDonald's and tell him he was doing a great job and keep leaning on him to get guns.
他们会给他买麦当劳，告诉他他做得很好，并继续指望他去拿枪。
He was not a gun dealer.
他不是枪支经销商。
This person was not anybody in the gun business.
此人不是枪支行业的任何人。
But he ended up being able to find some folks that could bring him some guns.
但他最终找到了一些可以给他带来枪支的人。
And then they turned around and charged him.
然后他们转身冲向他。
I mean, even after the arrest Tony Bruner thought that he should call what he thought was his boss, who turns out to be the ATF agents, to help bail him out, because he still doesn't, because of his intellectual capacity-- limited-- he does not understand that they're federal agents, and that he's in a whole lot of trouble.
我的意思是，即使在被捕后，托尼·布鲁纳认为他应该打电话给他认为是他的老板（后来证明是 ATF 特工）来帮助他保释，因为他仍然没有这样做，因为他的智力能力有限，他不明白他们是联邦特工，而且他遇到了很多麻烦。
Tony Bruner pled guilty on one charge, was given a three-year sentence.
托尼·布鲁纳承认一项指控有罪，被判处三年徒刑。
In Milwaukee, at Fearless Distributing, ATF agents hired a man who'd been brain damaged as a baby, Chauncey Wright.
在密尔沃基的 Fearless Distributing，ATF 特工雇佣了一名婴儿时期脑部受损的男子昌西·赖特 (Chauncey Wright)。
Though to say hired implies that they paid him a salary.
虽然说被雇用意味着他们付给他薪水。
Like Tony Bruner, Chauncey seemed to be working in violation of all federal and state minimum wage laws.
和托尼·布鲁纳一样，昌西的工作似乎违反了所有联邦和州最低工资法。
Agents would just give him $20 now and then, cigarettes, clothing from the store, an occasional beer or brat.
特工们只是偶尔给他 20 美元、香烟、商店里的衣服、偶尔喝点啤酒或啤酒。
They'd also hang out together, he says, watch movies, watch The Sopranos.
他说，他们还会一起出去玩，看电影，看《黑道家族》。
Chauncey was closest to an agent that he knew as Mike.
昌西与他最亲近的特工是迈克。
I called him Mike.
我叫他迈克。
Everybody else called him Chino.
其他人都叫他奇诺。
But he was cool to me.
但他对我很酷。
You know, that was my guy.
你知道，那是我的人。
I felt plenty love coming from him, you know.
你知道，我从他身上感受到了很多爱。
Chauncey says that Mike was a biker guy with tattoos.
昌西说迈克是一个有纹身的骑自行车的人。
He first met him in the Walmart parking lot.
他第一次见到他是在沃尔玛停车场。
Mike had a black Cadillac and asked Chauncey if he could help at their store.
迈克有一辆黑色凯迪拉克，他问昌西是否可以在他们的商店帮忙。
Chauncey would ride his bike all over Milwaukee to give out flyers for the store.
昌西会骑着自行车走遍密尔沃基，为商店分发传单。
I had a '52 Schwinn, you know, with a basket on the front of it.
我有一辆 52 年的 Schwinn，你知道，前面有一个篮子。
So I used to load up my basket.
所以我常常把东西装进我的篮子里。
And I'd ride from down around the east side all the way up to Mayfield Road, you know what I'm saying, the south side, all by like, what you call it, Target, Walmart, over there, and I'd go to Bayshore.
我会从东边骑车一直到梅菲尔德路，你知道我在说什么，南边，就像你所说的那样，塔吉特，沃尔玛，那边，然后我会去湾岸。
I was just everywhere on that bike just trying to promote the store.
我骑着那辆自行车到处都是，只是为了推销这家商店。
That's how much I cared about the store.
这就是我对这家商店的关心程度。
These are, in fact, the far corners of the city.
事实上，这些都是城市的偏远角落。
I really pedaled it out for these people.
我真的为这些人竭尽全力。
So Chauncey start passing the flyers out to peoples, and they wanted Chauncey to go out and let peoples know that they buy guns.
所以昌西开始向人们分发传单，他们希望昌西出去让人们知道他们购买枪支。
And so I said, Chauncey, I said, that don't sound good to me.
所以我说，昌西，我说，这对我来说听起来不太好。
This is Chauncey's grandmother, Willie Campbell, who he was living with.
这是昌西的祖母威利·坎贝尔，与他住在一起。
She did not like this job from the start.
她从一开始就不喜欢这份工作。
I knew there was something strange about it.
我知道这有什么奇怪的。
Why would these guys set up some mess like that in this neighborhood, you know?
为什么这些家伙要在这附近搞出这样的混乱，你知道吗？
It was in a poor black neighborhood and white guys, and what are you doing here?
那是在一个贫穷的黑人社区和白人中，你在这里做什么？
When the truth came out, Chauncey was charged with eight federal gun and drug counts.
当真相大白后，昌西被指控犯有八项联邦枪支和毒品罪名。
He was in jail for nine months and sentenced to no more than six months of house arrest and four years of probation.
他被判入狱九个月，并被判处不超过六个月的软禁和四年缓刑。
The way Chauncey sees it, he says that he was honest with the guys at Fearless Distributing.
在昌西看来，他说他对无畏发行公司的人很诚实。
He was square with them.
他对他们态度很好。
He put himself out for them.
他为他们竭尽全力。
They should have done the same with him.
他们应该对他做同样的事情。
If they couldn't, you know, tell him who they really work for, he thinks that Mike should have just told him to stay away from the store, not get involved.
如果他们不能，你知道，告诉他他们真正为谁工作，他认为迈克应该告诉他远离商店，而不是参与其中。
You know, you could have just said, you fired, anything like that, man.
你知道，你可以直接说，你解雇了，诸如此类的话，伙计。
I mean, if I'd had a chance to talk to him, I'd be like, man, you know you could've told me I could get, you know, what's right from wrong, because it's hard for me to understand what is wrong from right, you know what I'm saying?
我的意思是，如果我有机会和他交谈，我会说，伙计，你知道你可以告诉我我可以得到，你知道，什么是对与错，因为我很难理解什么是错与对，你知道我在说什么吗？
They knew that he didn't know no better.
他们知道他一无所知。
And you a police.
而你是一名警察。
Ha-ha.
哈哈。
That meant you supposed to be looking out for peoples.
这意味着你应该照顾人们。
In response to our questions about this, an ATF spokesman sent a statement saying, quote, "ATF does not target specific people based on their IQ or other mental health status." He said the ATF works with groups like the National Alliance on Mental Illness to make sure that agents are properly trained to deal with people they encounter who are mentally disabled or impaired.
在回答我们的问题时，ATF 发言人发表了一份声明，引述称，“ATF 不会根据智商或其他心理健康状况来针对特定人群。”他说，ATF 与国家精神疾病联盟等组织合作，确保工作人员接受适当的培训，以应对他们遇到的精神残疾或受损的人。
In at least one city, the way that ATF betrayed the trust of people who into their store so angered judges that agents were chastised from the bench.
至少在一个城市，ATF 背叛了进入其商店的人们的信任，这激怒了法官，以至于特工们都受到了严厉的惩罚。
This was in Portland, Oregon, the ATF storefront operation near that school.
这是位于俄勒冈州波特兰市的 ATF 店面，靠近该学校。
An agent convinced two teenagers to have the name of their fake store, Squid's, which was also the agent's nickname, tattooed to their necks with a picture of a squid smoking a joint, so they'd be like a walking advertisement for the fake store.
一名经纪人说服两名青少年将他们的假冒商店的名称“鱿鱼”（这也是经纪人的昵称）纹在脖子上，并附上一张抽着烟卷的鱿鱼的图片，这样他们就像假冒商店的活广告一样。
Again, here's Raquel.
拉奎尔又来了。
The judge, in both in state and federal court for these two gentlemen, admonished the ATF and just found it pretty outrageous and ordered the ATF to pay for the removal of those tattoos, and said that is not conduct that they would expect out of federal agents.
州法院和联邦法院的法官对这两位先生提出了警告，并认为 ATF 的行为非常令人愤慨，并命令 ATF 支付去除这些纹身的费用，并表示他们不希望联邦特工这样做。
I don't understand.
我不明白。
What does the ATF get out of two guys having the logo of their fake store on their neck?
ATF 从两个脖子上挂着假冒商店标志的人身上得到了什么？
The more I talk to folks who have done this kind of work, they said really it comes down to a lack of oversight and people just sort of losing perspective as to what you're there for and what you're trying to do.
我与做过此类工作的人交谈得越多，他们说这实际上归结为缺乏监督，人们只是对你在那里的目的和你想要做什么失去了看法。
The ATF, of course, is the agency that before all this brought us the Fast and Furious operation-- you may remember that-- that allowed about 2,000 guns to be sold to suspected gun smugglers.
当然，ATF 是在这一切之前为我们带来“速度与激情”行动的机构——您可能还记得，该机构允许大约 2,000 支枪支被出售给涉嫌枪支走私者。
And then the agency lost track of most of the guns.
然后该机构失去了大部分枪支的踪迹。
Reporter John Diedrich says as best as he can tell, ATF started lots of these storefront operations to generate good headlines about the agency in the wake of that scandal.
记者约翰·迪德里奇（John Diedrich）据他所知，在丑闻发生后，ATF 开始了许多此类店面业务，以成为有关该机构的头条新闻。
In its statement to us, the ATF defended the storefront operations but said that when it reviewed what happened at the Milwaukee store, it, quote, "found a number of deficiencies ranging from planning and oversight weaknesses to individual job performance issues.
在给我们的声明中，ATF 为店面运营进行了辩护，但表示，在审查密尔沃基商店发生的情况时，它“发现了一系列缺陷，从规划和监督缺陷到个人工作绩效问题。”
These matters have been fully addressed through a variety of major improvements put in place, including strengthened policy and procedure, increased national oversight, improved training, and revised procedures." They said, quote, "The ATF has made many substantial improvements and strengthened accountability for local operations."
这些问题已通过各种重大改进得到充分解决，包括加强政策和程序、加强国家监督、改进培训和修订程序。”他们表示，“ATF 做出了许多实质性改进，并加强了对当地业务的问责制。”
The ATF probably never would have had to make those substantial improvements.
ATF 可能永远不需要做出这些重大改进。
They never would have been embarrassed in the press or chastised by Congress and the Attorney General.
他们永远不会在媒体面前感到尴尬，也不会受到国会和司法部长的惩罚。
It might not have shut down all its storefront operations-- which, by the way, it did-- if not for one mistake.
如果不是因为一个错误，它可能不会关闭所有店面业务——顺便说一句，它确实这么做了。
It seems so random, this mistake, actually.
实际上，这个错误看起来很随意。
But I guess if you make as many mistakes as they made in these storefront operations, any one might catch you.
但我想，如果你在店面运营中犯的错误和他们一样多，任何人都可能会抓住你。
It wasn't the squid tattoos or the low-IQ employees or getting robbed over and over.
这不是鱿鱼纹身，也不是低智商的员工，也不是一次又一次的被抢劫。
It wasn't the way they caught and charged suspects.
这不是他们抓捕和指控嫌疑人的方式。
It was that landlord in Milwaukee.
这是密尔沃基的那位房东。
If they hadn't trashed his place, or if they had just paid him promptly to repair it instead of fighting him over every penny, apparently, he wouldn't have called the newspaper.
如果他们没有毁掉他的住所，或者如果他们及时付钱给他修理，而不是为每一分钱都与他争执，显然，他就不会打电话给报纸了。
John and Raquel say the whole thing might never have come to light.
约翰和拉克尔说整件事可能永远不会曝光。
John Diedrich and Raquel Rutledge's coverage of the ATF, there is lots more than this.
John Diedrich 和 Raquel Rutledge 对 ATF 的报道远不止于此。
It's at the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel website.
它位于《密尔沃基哨兵报》网站上。
If you Google ATF backfire, it'll get you there.
如果你谷歌 ATF 适得其反，它会让你到达那里。
Coming up, if a Border Patrol agent is not actually at the border, do you have to obey him?
接下来，如果边境巡逻人员实际上不在边境，你必须服从他吗？
That's in a minute from Chicago Public Radio when our program continues.
芝加哥公共广播电台一分钟后我们的节目仍在继续。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Every week on our show, of course, we choose a theme.
当然，我们每周的节目都会选择一个主题。
Today's program, A Front, stories of setting up a business or operation that looks real, but is it as real as a pretends to be?
今天的节目《A Front》讲述了建立一家企业或开展业务的故事，这些故事看起来很真实，但它真的像假装的那样真实吗？
We've arrived at Act Two of our show.
我们已经到了节目的第二幕了。
Act Two, the border between America and America.
第二幕，美国与美国之间的边界。
So if you haven't spent much time in the Southwest, you might not know about this.
所以如果你在西南地区呆的时间不长，你可能不知道这个。
But there are these Border Patrol checkpoints that are just like in the middle of highway interstates and other roads, not at the border, not even near the border.
但是这些边境巡逻检查站就像在州际公路和其他道路中间一样，而不是在边境，甚至不在边境附近。
They're as far as 100 miles from the border.
他们距离边境最远有100英里。
There are dozens of these interior or inland checkpoints across the country.
全国有数十个这样的内陆或内陆检查站。
They're mostly in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.
他们主要分布在加利福尼亚州、亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州和德克萨斯州。
But now there are a couple in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Washington state.
但现在佛蒙特州、新罕布什尔州和华盛顿州有一对夫妇。
You know that you're approaching one of these checkpoints, because the speed limit will suddenly drop to 45 miles an hour and then 25.
您知道您正在接近其中一个检查站，因为速度限制会突然降至每小时 45 英里，然后降至每小时 25 英里。
You'll slow down, and you stop, you see these orange cones coming up.
你会放慢速度，停下来，你会看到这些橙色的锥体出现。
And then often there's this big sort of tent-looking structure, like, right in the middle of the highway.
然后经常会有这种类似帐篷的大型结构，就像在高速公路中间一样。
And then you stop, and you're right in the middle of the highway.
然后你停下来，你就在高速公路的中间。
And an agent in uniform, an armed agent walks up and asks you questions like, are you an American citizen?
一名身穿制服的特工、一名武装特工走过来问你诸如此类的问题：你是美国公民吗？
Sometimes he asks to look in your trunk.
有时他会要求检查你的行李箱。
All this so they can catch undocumented immigrants and drug smugglers.
所有这一切都是为了抓获无证移民和毒品走私犯。
Reporter Debbie Nathan used to go through these checkpoints regularly when she lived in El Paso back in the '80s and '90s.
记者黛比·内森 (Debbie Nathan) 上世纪 80 年代和 90 年代住在埃尔帕索时，她经常经过这些检查站。
And not long ago she discovered something that made her see these checkpoints in a whole new way.
不久前，她的发现让她以一种全新的方式看待这些检查站。
Here's Debbie.
这是黛比。
I had to go through the checkpoints a lot on Interstate 10 or I-25.
我必须在 10 号州际公路或 25 号州际公路上多次通过检查站。
And I dutifully complied.
我尽职尽责地遵守了。
I didn't joke around.
我没有开玩笑。
I answered their questions.
我回答了他们的问题。
If they asked to look in the trunk, I popped the latch.
如果他们要求查看后备箱，我就会打开门闩。
I treated checkpoints like TSA screening at the airport.
我对待检查站就像对待机场的 TSA 检查一样。
And then, about a year ago, I ran across this video on YouTube that made the checkpoints seem less like serious law enforcement and more like the sitcom Reno 911 .
然后，大约一年前，我在 YouTube 上看到了这段视频，它让检查站看起来不像严肃的执法部门，而更像情景喜剧《Reno 911》。
It started with a guy in a red polo shirt filming himself as he rolls up to a checkpoint on Interstate 8 in California.
故事开始于一名身穿红色 Polo 衫的男子在驶向加利福尼亚州 8 号州际公路的检查站时拍摄自己。
What's up, man?
怎么了，伙计？
Border Patrol Agent How you doing today, sir?
边境巡逻人员今天过得怎么样，先生？
Good.
好的。
Border Patrol Agent Are you a US citizen?
边境巡逻人员您是美国公民吗？
That's my business.
那是我的事。
Border Patrol Agent Well, it's our business to ask.
边境巡逻人员 好吧，这是我们的事。
Are you a US citizen or not?
您是否是美国公民？
You can ask.
你可以问。
That's fine.
没关系。
Border Patrol Agent And you have to answer me, or I'll have to detain you until you can either tell me that you're a US citizen.
边境巡逻人员，你必须回答我，否则我将不得不拘留你，直到你能告诉我你是美国公民。
Well, I don't have to answer you, because I have rights as an American.
好吧，我不必回答你，因为我有作为美国人的权利。
Sir, go ahead and pull over there behind that other vehicle, if you'd do me a favor.
先生，请帮我一个忙，把车停在另一辆车后面。
Nah, no thanks.
不，不用了，谢谢。
Debbie Nathan The video was called Top DHS Checkpoint Refusals.
黛比·内森 (Debbie Nathan) 这段视频被称为“国土安全部检查站拒绝最多事件”。
DHS, of course, stands for Department of Homeland Security, under which US Customs and Border Protection operates.
当然，国土安全部代表国土安全部，美国海关和边境保护局在该部下运作。
Refusals means just what it says.
拒绝的意思就是它所说的。
I watched as one driver after another approached the border agents, greeted them politely, and then proceeded to be 100% uncooperative.
我看到一个又一个司机走近边防人员，礼貌地向他们打招呼，然后就表现得百分百不合作。
How you doing?
你好吗？
Border Patrol Agent US citizen, sir?
边境巡逻人员 美国公民，先生？
Respectfully, sir, I do not have to answer that question.
尊敬的先生，我不必回答这个问题。
All of them refuse to answer questions or comply with commands.
他们所有人都拒绝回答问题或遵守命令。
Can you park your car right up there by those orange cones?
你能把车停在那些橙色锥体旁边吗？
[BACKGROUND LAW ENFORCEMENT RADIO CHATTER]
[背景执法无线电闲聊]
No. Debbie Nathan They'll sit in the main lane for traffic while cars back up behind them, refusing to pull off the highway to a secondary inspection area, or secondary, for short.
不。黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 他们会坐在主车道上等待交通，而汽车则在他们后面倒车，拒绝驶离高速公路前往二级检查区域，简称二级检查区域。
Where's the border at?
边界在哪里？
Border Patrol Agent It's about 50 miles that way, sir.
边境巡逻人员 那边大约有 50 英里，长官。
Did I cross it?
我穿越了吗？
Debbie Nathan The refuseniks say these stops are illegal, unconstitutional.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan）拒绝者称这些拦截是非法的、违宪的。
Many cite the Fourth Amendment, which, just to refresh your memory, prohibits unreasonable search and seizure.
许多人引用第四修正案，只是为了让你回忆一下，该修正案禁止不合理的搜查和扣押。
And technically, these non-border Border Patrol checkpoints do constitute a seizure.
从技术上讲，这些非边境边境巡逻检查站确实构成了扣押。
If you're stopped, you have to wait for the agent's permission to continue on your way.
如果您被拦住，您必须等待工作人员的许可才能继续前行。
Do you mind rolling down the window, please?
你介意摇下车窗吗？
That's as much as I feel like rolling it down, sir.
我就是想把它滚下来，先生。
Excuse me?
打扰一下？
Motorist That's as much as I'm going to roll it down, sir.
司机：先生，这就是我要开的车了。
That's as much as you're going to roll it down to?
你要把它降到多少？
Yes.
是的。
Border Patrol Agent OK.
边境巡逻人员好的。
Can you shut off the vehicle please, ma'am?
女士，请您关掉车好吗？
Can you please shut off the vehicle?
可以请您关闭车辆吗？
That would be no. But the really crazy thing is that after several minutes of being stonewalled, the agents finally just give up.
那是不行的。但真正疯狂的是，经过几分钟的阻挠，特工们最终放弃了。
You can call their bluff, refuse to cooperate, and continue on your way.
你可以揭穿他们的虚张声势，拒绝合作，然后继续你的方式。
Well, go ahead, go.
好吧，走吧，走吧。
Motorist Go ahead and go where?
驾车者 继续，去哪里？
Keep going on the road.
继续在路上走下去。
Motorist OK.
驾车者好。
See you later.
稍后见。
I have developed a serious obsession with these checkpoint refusal videos.
我对这些拒绝检查站的视频产生了严重的痴迷。
There are thousands of them on the internet now, and more are posted all the time with names like Illegal Checkpoints in America, Because This is America.
现在互联网上有数以千计的此类内容，而且不断有更多此类内容以“美国非法检查站”、“因为这就是美国”等名称发布。
At least once a week, I sit down and search for the new ones.
我至少每周一次坐下来寻找新的。
I've made my husband watch with me and definitely bored some of my friends with them.
我让我的丈夫和我一起看，这肯定让我的一些朋友感到无聊。
I love these videos partly because they're just terrific theater.
我喜欢这些视频，部分原因是它们是很棒的戏剧。
Each driver has an individual style.
每个车手都有自己的风格。
Their personalities come out.
他们的个性就显露出来了。
Some are mellow when they confront the agents.
有些人在面对特工时表现得很温和。
So who are you with?
那么你和谁在一起呢？
Border Patrol Agent The US Border Patrol.
边境巡逻人员 美国边境巡逻人员。
What border am I on?
我处于什么边界？
Border Patrol Agent Um, it's-- you're currently near no border.
边境巡逻人员 嗯，你目前没有边界。
This is just a border control checkpoint.
这只是一个边境管制检查站。
Others get angry in all the different political and psychological flavors of angry you can imagine.
其他人会以你能想象到的各种不同的政治和心理形式生气。
Some are Libertarian angry, some are human rights angry, some are Tea Party angry.
有些人对自由主义者感到愤怒，有些人对人权感到愤怒，有些人对茶党感到愤怒。
There are simmering-just-under-the-surface angries and big-bountiful-bombs-bursting-in-air type angries.
有表面下酝酿的愤怒，也有在空气中爆炸的大炸弹类型的愤怒。
We will not bow down to the illegal authority of the Border Patrol when we're not at the border.
当我们不在边境时，我们不会屈服于边境巡逻队的非法权威。
We are not at the border.
我们不在边境。
You're 80 miles inside Texas.
您位于德克萨斯州境内 80 英里处。
You have no authority.
你没有权力。
Calm down.
冷静下来。
Border Patrol Agent Are there any weapons in the vehicle, sir?
边境巡逻人员 先生，车里有武器吗？
Calm down.
冷静下来。
Debbie Nathan It's a stunning display of grassroots democracy in action, all these everyday folks with no organization, all questioning, arguing, debating their freedoms on the open road.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan）这是草根民主在行动中的令人惊叹的展示，所有这些没有组织的普通人，都在开放的道路上质疑、争论、辩论他们的自由。
Then there are folks who simply outwit the border agents.
还有一些人只是以智取胜边境人员。
The guy in the red polo shirt, who you heard earlier-- the first one I ever saw-- is actually an evangelical pastor named Steven Anderson.
你之前听说过的那个穿红色马球衫的人——我见过的第一个——实际上是一位福音派牧师，名叫史蒂文·安德森。
This is how he got through a checkpoint back in 2011.
2011年，他就是这样通过检查站的。
As usual, the agent asks him, US citizen?
像往常一样，特工问他，美国公民？
US citizen?
美国公民？
Motorist Hey, actually, a more important question than that, you know, it's asked one time in the Bible, it's what must I do to be saved.
司机 嘿，实际上，有一个比这个更重要的问题，你知道，圣经中曾问过一次，那就是我必须做什么才能得救。
And they said, believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved and thy house.
他们说，相信主耶稣基督，你和你的家都必得救。
So if you've got about 10 minutes, I can walk you through that in the Bible and show you how to be saved.
所以，如果你有大约 10 分钟的时间，我可以引导你了解圣经中的内容，并向你展示如何得救。
Nah, not while I'm at work.
不，不是在我工作的时候。
Motorist OK.
驾车者好。
All right.
好的。
Yep.
是的。
See you later.
稍后见。
Debbie Nathan I just want to point out that most of the challengers you've heard from so far are white men.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan）我只想指出，到目前为止，您听到的大多数挑战者都是白人。
From what I've seen in the videos, Latinos are hassled a lot more at checkpoints.
从我在视频中看到的情况来看，拉丁裔在检查站遇到的麻烦要多得多。
The questioning is more suspicious.
询问的内容更加可疑。
It goes on for longer.
它持续的时间更长。
I saw one where parents were asked for their kids' birth certificates.
我看到一个要求父母提供孩子出生证明的地方。
And when Latinos are asked their citizenship, they answer, like, yes, I'm here legally.
当拉丁裔被问及他们的公民身份时，他们的回答是，是的，我是合法居留的。
Are we done?
我们完成了吗？
Where were you born?
你在哪里出世？
Motorist I was born in Waco.
驾车者 我出生在韦科。
OK, so are you a United States citizen, yes or no?
好的，那么您是美国公民吗？是还是不是？
Yes, sir, I am.
是的，先生，我是。
Debbie Nathan But the agents want this guy to pull over into secondary, that secondary inspection area off the highway.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 但是特工希望这个家伙把车停在二级检查区，即高速公路外的二级检查区。
And that's what Latinos challenge, frequent and prolonged detainments and searches.
这就是拉丁裔面临的挑战：频繁且长期的拘留和搜查。
They think they're being profiled, and they want the agents to admit it.
他们认为自己正在被分析，并且希望特工们承认这一点。
Park right there.
就在那里停车。
Motorist What's the reason?
车主请问这是什么原因呢？
This is an immigration inspection.
这是出入境检查。
I'm asking you now--
我现在问你——
Park right there.
就在那里停车。
Motorist Why am I being inspected?
驾车者 为什么我要接受检查？
Are you a lawyer or what?
你是律师还是什么？
Motorist No. I'm asking why--
驾车者 不，我问的是为什么——
We're asking the questions here.
我们在这里问问题。
Park over there.
停在那儿。
Why am I being inspected, though?
可我为什么要接受检查呢？
I had the same trouble last week.
上周我也遇到了同样的麻烦。
I mean, why am I being inspected?
我的意思是，我为什么要接受检查？
Because I don't want--
因为我不想——
We have suspicion of something going on.
我们怀疑正在发生什么事情。
Park over there.
停在那儿。
All we need is--
我们所需要的只是——
Mostly checkpoint challenge videos are supposed to be gotcha videos.
大多数检查站挑战视频都应该是陷阱视频。
But half the time the agents actually seem calm and reasonable.
但有一半的时间，特工们实际上显得冷静而理智。
And very rarely-- in fact, I've seen this exactly once-- an agent congratulates the challengers for exercising their rights.
而且很少有特工祝贺挑战者行使其权利，事实上，我只见过一次。
In that video, four kids who are maybe in their teens, chewing gum, roll up to a handsome young agent.
在那段视频中，四个十几岁的孩子嚼着口香糖，走到一位英俊的年轻特工面前。
He asks them if they're US.
他问他们是不是美国人。
citizens.
公民。
All they say is--
他们所说的只是——
We're free to go?
我们有空可以去吗？
Motorist Am I free to go?
驾车者 我可以走了吗？
Yes.
是的。
You know what, you guys are awesome for exercising your constitutional rights.
你知道吗，你们行使宪法权利真是太棒了。
I totally respect that.
我完全尊重这一点。
A lot of the guys who come through here, they're jerks to us, and, you know, we don't appreciate that.
很多来到这里的人对我们来说都是混蛋，而且，你知道，我们并不欣赏这一点。
But I totally appreciate you guys who are respectful.
但我非常感谢你们这些有礼貌的人。
You don't want to talk, and we can't force you to do it.
你不想说话，我们也不能强迫你这么做。
You guys have a good day.
你们有美好的一天。
The friendly agent is right.
友善的代理人是对的。
By law, the Border Patrol can't force you to answer their questions.
根据法律规定，边境巡逻队不能强迫您回答他们的问题。
But there's a lot of confusion about the legal side of this, by both the drivers and the agents, and lots of videos where both sides get it wrong.
但司机和代理人都对此事的法律方面存在很多困惑，并且在很多视频中双方都搞错了。
So after reading up on case law and talking to four lawyers, here's a quick rundown of your rights.
因此，在阅读了判例法并与四位律师交谈后，以下是您的权利的简要概述。
Yes, you have to stop at a checkpoint.
是的，您必须在检查站停下来。
But according to the Fifth Amendment, you don't have to say anything, whether you're in the country legally or not.
但根据第五修正案，无论你是否合法居留在该国，你都不必说任何话。
You do have to pull over to secondary when asked, but again, a lot of drivers refuse to go to secondary.
当被要求时，你确实必须把车停到二级，但同样，很多司机拒绝去二级。
In their arguments with one another, drivers and agents tend to refer to two main documents.
在彼此争论时，司机和代理人往往会参考两份主要文件。
One is a Supreme Court case called US versus Martinez-Fuerte.
其中一个是最高法院的案件，名为“美国诉马丁内斯-富尔特案”。
It was decided in 1976, and says many times in many different ways that the checkpoints aren't that intrusive, especially compared to how important they are from a law enforcement standpoint.
该决定于 1976 年做出，并以多种不同方式多次表示，检查站并没有那么具有侵扰性，特别是与从执法角度来看它们的重要性相比。
Justice Lewis Powell gave the opinion announcement back in '76.
刘易斯·鲍威尔法官早在 76 年就发表了意见。
We hold that stops for brief questioning, routinely conducted at an official checkpoint, are wholly consistent with the Fourth Amendment.
我们认为，在官方检查站例行进行的短暂询问完全符合第四修正案。
The intrusion on privacy and the limitation on freedom of movement in these situations are minimal.
在这些情况下，对隐私的侵犯和对行动自由的限制是最小的。
So anyone who says it's illegal, i.e., unconstitutional, to screen for undocumented people at a checkpoint, they're wrong about that and a lot of challengers say it.
因此，如果有人说在检查站对无证人员进行筛查是非法的，即违宪，那么他们的观点是错误的，而且很多挑战者都这么说。
I don't recognize or legal authority to ask me that question.
我不承认也没有法律权力问我这个问题。
And not only that, but I think it's unconstitutional.
不仅如此，我认为这是违宪的。
A lot of the challengers.
很多挑战者。
Motorist Read the Constitution.
驾车者阅读宪法。
Seriously, man.
说真的，伙计。
Border Patrol Agent Understand this.
边境巡逻人员了解这一点。
Read the Constitution.
阅读宪法。
Debbie Nathan And if you don't happen to have a copy on hand--
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan）如果你手头上没有一本——
Here's a copy of the Constitution of the United States.
这是美国宪法的副本。
Here's a copy of the Constitution.
这是宪法的副本。
Of the Constitution?
宪法的？
Debbie Nathan The other document that gets cited a lot in the checkpoint videos is the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, or the INA.
Debbie Nathan 检查站视频中经常引用的另一份文件是 1952 年《移民和国籍法》，即 INA。
But some agents misinterpret that, too.
但一些特工也误解了这一点。
What right do you have, what cause do you have to suspect me, here, to pull me over?
你有什么权利、有什么理由怀疑我，要把我拦下来？
Section 287 of the INA says-- Motorist Says what?
INA 第 287 条规定——驾驶员说什么？
Says that you must talk-- Motorist Answer all the questions you ask me?
说你必须说话——驾车者 回答你问我的所有问题吗？
No, it doesn't.
不，事实并非如此。
It says I have to stop.
它说我必须停下来。
I'm here stopped, and I'm free to go on my way.
我在这里停了下来，我可以继续上路了。
The driver's right.
司机说得对。
The INA doesn't explicitly say you have to answer their questions.
INA 没有明确表示您必须回答他们的问题。
Other fun facts-- if agents ask to search your vehicle beyond just looking through the windows, if they want to look in your trunk, you can refuse, like this driver did.
其他有趣的事实——如果特工要求搜查你的车辆，而不仅仅是透过车窗查看，如果他们想查看你的后备箱，你可以拒绝，就像这位司机所做的那样。
So-- so you're saying that there's probable cause because--
所以——所以你是说有可能的原因，因为——
Not probable.
不太可能。
Reasonable suspicion.
合理怀疑。
There's a difference.
有区别。
OK, reasonable suspicion because I refuse a search?
好吧，因为我拒绝搜查，合理怀疑？
Right.
正确的。
That's giving me reasonable suspicion that you could be hiding something, or else you'd be, sure, why not?
这让我有理由怀疑你可能在隐瞒什么，否则你肯定会隐瞒什么，为什么不呢？
How is that so?
怎么会这样呢？
Debbie Nathan It's not so.
黛比·内森 事实并非如此。
For one thing, to justify a search agents need more than reasonable suspicion.
一方面，要证明搜查人员的合理性，需要的不仅仅是合理的怀疑。
They need probable cause, that is, a good reason to believe a crime is being committed.
他们需要合理的理由，即相信正在实施犯罪的充分理由。
And this is important.
这很重要。
Refusing to be searched, saying you can't look through my trunk, that's not probable cause.
拒绝接受搜查，说你不能翻我的箱子，这不是可能的原因。
Neither is looking Latino.
看起来也不是拉丁裔。
The Supreme Court and the INA only authorize agents to search for undocumented immigrants.
最高法院和移民局只授权代理人搜查无证移民。
These days, they also search for drugs, contraband, and terrorists.
如今，他们还搜寻毒品、违禁品和恐怖分子。
Recent case law has allowed for this.
最近的判例法允许这样做。
It's legal.
这是合法的。
In terms of whether checkpoints work or not, whether they actually catch undocumented immigrants, here are some numbers.
关于检查站是否发挥作用，是否真的抓到无证移民，这里有一些数字。
According to an internal report these checkpoints seize a lot of drugs but don't capture a lot of immigrants.
根据一份内部报告，这些检查站查获了大量毒品，但并未抓获大量移民。
Customs and Border Protection arrested about 7,600 individuals at checkpoints in fiscal year 2012.
2012 财年，海关和边境保护局在检查站逮捕了约 7,600 人。
It doesn't say undocumented immigrants.
它没有说无证移民。
It just says individuals arrested-- could be for drugs or anything.
它只是说被捕的人可能是因为毒品或其他什么原因。
And only 1,800 of those were sent to US attorneys to be prosecuted.
其中只有 1,800 人被送交美国律师接受起诉。
In the same year, 2012, one third of the total pounds of narcotics seizures by Customs and Border Protection happened at these checkpoints.
同年，即 2012 年，海关和边境保护局缉获的麻醉品总量的三分之一是在这些检查站缉获的。
As for what the checkpoints cost each year, those numbers aren't broken out.
至于每年检查站的费用是多少，这些数字没有详细列出。
You don't have to watch too many of these videos before you notice the checkpoint challengers tend to employ identical phrases when defying the border agents, as though they all went to the same disobedience school.
你不必看太多这些视频，就会发现检查站挑战者在反抗边境人员时往往会使用相同的短语，就好像他们都去了同一所不服从学校一样。
Am I being detained?
我被拘留了吗？
Debbie Nathan This is the one you hear over and over again.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 这是你一遍又一遍听到的。
Am I being detained, sir?
先生，我被拘留了吗？
Am I free to go?
我可以走了吗？
I want to go free on my way.
我想在路上自由自在。
Am I being detained here?
难道我就被关在这里了？
Are you detaining me here?
你把我囚禁在这里吗？
Is this a detention?
这是拘留吗？
Am I being detained is something lots of people say to cops they think are stopping them for no good reason.
很多人对警察说“我被拘留了吗”，他们认为警察无缘无故地阻止他们。
But if you listen closely to one of the videos, there's a clue to how that language made its way to the checkpoints.
但如果你仔细听其中一个视频，就会发现这种语言是如何进入检查站的线索。
Did you get this idea from CheckpointUSA.org, sir?
先生，您是从 CheckpointUSA.org 得到这个想法的吗？
What are you asking me?
你问我什么？
Debbie Nathan It's kind of hard to hear.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 有点难以听清。
The agent says, "Did you get this idea from CheckpointUSA.org, sir?" CheckpointUSA.org is an online storehouse of information about inland checkpoints and the laws and regulations that govern them.
特工说：“先生，您是从 CheckpointUSA.org 得到这个想法的吗？” CheckpointUSA.org 是一个在线数据库，其中包含有关内陆检查站及其管辖法律法规的信息。
It was created by Terry Bressi, the second most prolific poster of these YouTube videos.
它是由 Terry Bressi 创建的，他是这些 YouTube 视频中第二多产的发布者。
I'll tell you about the most prolific poster in a minute.
我很快就会告诉你最多产的海报。
From all I can gather, Terry started posting checkpoint challenge videos before anyone else, certainly before YouTube existed.
据我所知，Terry 比其他人都开始发布检查站挑战视频，当然是在 YouTube 出现之前。
And watching him work, it's like listening to the original version of a hit song that's been covered over and over again.
看着他工作，就像听一首被一遍又一遍翻唱的热门歌曲的原版一样。
Who do you work for?
你为谁工作？
Border Patrol Agent US Border Patrol.
边境巡逻人员美国边境巡逻人员。
Am I being detained?
我被拘留了吗？
Border Patrol Agent No. I'm asking you a simple question.
边境巡逻人员 不，我问你一个简单的问题。
Am I free to go?
我可以走了吗？
Border Patrol Agent I'm asking you a question.
边境巡逻人员我问你一个问题。
You need to answer my question.
你需要回答我的问题。
Am I being detained?
我被拘留了吗？
Border Patrol Agent You need to answer my question, sir.
边境巡逻人员 您需要回答我的问题，先生。
Am I being detained?
我被拘留了吗？
Border Patrol Agent Sir, you need to answer my question.
边境巡逻人员先生，你需要回答我的问题。
Am I being detained?
我被拘留了吗？
Border Patrol Agent I'm asking you what country are you a citizen of?
边境巡逻人员我问你是哪个国家的公民？
It's almost hypnotic when Terry does it.
特里这样做的时候几乎让人催眠。
Am I being detained?
我被拘留了吗？
Border Patrol Agent I'm asking you, are you being-- uh, what country--
边境巡逻人员我问你，你是——呃，哪个国家——
Am I free to go?
我可以走了吗？
Debbie Nathan And he's very confrontational, cold and unrelenting.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 他非常具有对抗性、冷漠且无情。
In regular life, Terry's a real introvert.
在日常生活中，特里是一个非常内向的人。
He's chief engineer for an astronomical research lab and spends half his time working alone with telescopes at a remote observatory on a mountain in Arizona.
他是一家天文研究实验室的首席工程师，一半的时间都在亚利桑那州一座山上的偏远天文台独自使用望远镜进行工作。
That's why he passes through the checkpoints so often, to get to and from this job.
这就是为什么他经常要经过检查站来往返这份工作。
You know, I'm just trying to get home.
你知道，我只是想回家。
Do you have a reason, you know, to stop me and interfere with my life?
你有理由阻止我并干涉我的生活吗？
I don't care if you're wasting just three seconds of my life or three hours.
我不在乎你是浪费了我生命中的三秒钟还是三个小时。
It's my life.
这是我的生活。
And unless I choose to interact with you, I shouldn't have to.
除非我选择与你互动，否则我不必这样做。
Am I free to go, Agent D.
我可以走了吗，D 探员。
Gilmore?
吉尔摩？
Why aren't you allowing me to go on my way, Agent D.
你为什么不让我继续我的路，D探员。
Gilmore?
吉尔摩？
Park over there-- Debbie Nathan This particular interaction lasts a minute and a half before Agent Gilmore says, you can put this on YouTube, I know who you are.
停在那边——黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 这种特殊的互动持续了一分半钟，然后特工吉尔摩说，你可以把这个放在 YouTube 上，我知道你是谁。
Which begs the question, well, then why is he keeping Terry there?
这就引出了一个问题，那么他为什么要把特里留在那里呢？
He knows he's a citizen.
他知道他是公民。
At the same time, after they tell Terry he can leave, he sometimes just stays and argues some more.
与此同时，在他们告诉特里他可以离开后，他有时只是留下来继续争论。
You may go, sir.
你可以走了，先生。
Terry Bressi I'm free to go?
特里·布雷西 我可以走了吗？
Why were these agents unlawfully detaining me?
这些恶警为什么要非法关押我？
You may go, sir.
你可以走了，先生。
Terry Bressi Why was these agents unlawfully detaining me?
特里·布雷西：这些特工为什么非法拘留我？
Have a nice life.
祝你生活愉快。
Debbie Nathan The most prolific poster of these videos also produces the most dramatic ones that I've seen.
黛比·内森（Debbie Nathan） 这些视频中最多产的海报也产生了我见过的最戏剧性的视频。
Not because they're full of angry back-and-forth with the agents or disputes over the law, but just because they are truly, totally weird and often very funny.
并不是因为他们充满了与代理人的愤怒的来回争吵或法律纠纷，而是因为他们真的非常奇怪而且常常非常有趣。
You know a movement has really arrived when it gets its own comedian.
当一场运动有了自己的喜剧演员时，你就知道它真正到来了。
His name is Robert Trudell, and he lives in Arizona.
他的名字叫罗伯特·特鲁德尔，住在亚利桑那州。
In some ways he's the exact opposite of the refuseniks.
在某些方面，他与拒绝者完全相反。
In a lot of his videos, instead of jawing on and on at a checkpoint, he says nothing at all.
在他的很多视频中，他没有在检查站喋喋不休，而是什么也没说。
He'll just stare at the agent, often gently smiling, bringing new meaning to the right to remain silent.
他只是盯着特工，常常温柔地微笑，给右边保持沉默带来新的含义。
Do you speak English?
你会说英语吗？
Huh?
啊？
Hablas Espanol?
哈布拉斯西班牙语？
[SPANISH] Are you a United States citizen, sir?
[西班牙语] 先生，您是美国公民吗？
Huh?
啊？
Robert Trudell is capable of the nuttiest shenanigans at a checkpoint.
罗伯特·特鲁德尔能够在检查站搞出最疯狂的恶作剧。
He's outfitted his Chevy Spark with anywhere from 8 to 13 little video cameras, capturing his stops from all different angles.
他为他的雪佛兰 Spark 配备了 8 到 13 个小型摄像机，可以从各个不同角度捕捉他的停留情况。
Sometimes he'll sing to the agents--
有时他会唱歌给特工们听——
Or speak German to them.
或者对他们说德语。
Robert Trudell [SPEAKING GERMAN]
罗伯特·特鲁德尔 [德语]
He comes through the checkpoints in different costumes-- an Afro wig and Janis Joplin sunglasses.
他穿着不同的服装穿过检查站——头戴爆炸式假发，戴着贾尼斯·乔普林太阳镜。
He's driven through and ordered four hamburgers.
他开车过来点了四个汉堡。
One time he pulled up with his backseat stuffed with Mylar balloons.
有一次，他把车停下来，后座上塞满了聚酯薄膜气球。
In that video, every question he answers, he sucks in a hit of helium first.
在那段视频中，他回答每个问题时，都会先吸入氦气。
Like when the agent asks, are you the only one in the vehicle--
就像当工作人员问，车里只有你一个人吗——
I'm not saying.
我不是说。
Debbie Nathan The agent says, "Fair enough.
黛比·内森 经纪人说：“很公平。
Any drugs in the vehicle?"
车里有毒品吗？”
They let them through.
他们让他们通过了。
Other checkpoint refuseniks next act brave.
其他检查站的拒绝者接下来表现得很勇敢。
Robert Trudell is brave.
罗伯特·特鲁德尔很勇敢。
One time he approached a checkpoint with his 12-year-old son in the backseat covered entirely with a sheet and an Afro wig on top of the sheet.
有一次，他接近一个检查站，他 12 岁的儿子坐在后座上，身上盖着一张床单，床单上还戴着一顶爆炸式假发。
For the last year or so-- since that video with his son, actually-- Robert prefers not to roll his windows down when he comes to a checkpoint.
在过去一年左右的时间里——事实上，自从那段与他儿子的视频以来——罗伯特在到达检查站时不愿意摇下车窗。
But I actually compromised when I ran into a situation that made it worthwhile to actually roll my windows down.
但当我遇到一种值得实际摇下车窗的情况时，我实际上做出了妥协。
I had run into a pack of jackasses along the highway.
我在高速公路上遇到了一群蠢驴。
I don't know if you had seen that video, probably.
我不知道你是否看过那个视频。
Literal jackasses, donkeys.
字面意思是公驴、驴子。
He was late for a community theatre audition, but he drove by a herd of five sleepy-eyed jackasses shambling near the road.
他参加社区剧院的试镜迟到了，但他开车经过了一群在路边蹒跚而行的睡眼惺忪的蠢驴。
He pulled over his car and opened his window and started shooting a video in which he talked to them like they're Border Patrol officials.
他把车停在路边，打开车窗，开始拍摄一段视频，在视频中他与他们交谈，就像他们是边境巡逻官员一样。
Yes, I'm a US citizen.
是的，我是美国公民。
Under whose authority are you making this stop?
你是在谁的授权下停下来的？
The animals stick their muzzles inside the window.
动物们把口鼻伸进窗户里。
Again, these are actual four-legged donkeys sniffing him.
再说一次，这些是真正的四足驴在嗅他。
Then I try to act like these other checkpoint challengers, and I mimic the way they're talking after I drive off.
然后我尝试像其他检查站挑战者一样行事，并模仿他们在我开车后说话的方式。
I'm kind of ranting on.
我有点胡言乱语了。
Listen, I was surrounded by these jackasses once again!
听着，我又被这些蠢货包围了！
Held me up from my audition.
阻止了我的试镜。
This isn't going to make a good impression.
这不会给人留下好印象。
This is what I like about Robert Trudell.
这就是我喜欢罗伯特·特鲁德尔的地方。
He makes fun of the whole checkpoint challenge mishegas.
他取笑整个检查站挑战米什加斯。
And he's just trying to come up with fun stuff for his viewers to watch.
他只是想创作一些有趣的东西供观众观看。
In a way, he's like an eight-year-old kid with a chemistry set.
在某种程度上，他就像一个拥有化学试剂盒的八岁孩子。
He just wants to see what'll happen, what will explode when he mixes things up.
他只是想看看，当他把东西混合在一起时，会发生什么，会爆炸什么。
Robert says he makes about $8,000 a year from the videos, from ads on YouTube.
罗伯特说，他每年通过 YouTube 上的视频和广告赚取约 8,000 美元。
His most popular video, the one that's gotten almost a million views, is not funny.
他最受欢迎的视频（观看次数接近一百万）并不好笑。
In fact, it's kind of chilling.
事实上，这有点让人不寒而栗。
He's not wearing any costumes, not saying anything strange.
他没有穿任何服装，也没有说任何奇怪的话。
All he's doing is sitting in his car at a checkpoint near Pine Valley, California, taking photographs of the agents and a local sheriff, all of whom are trying to get him to roll his window down.
他所做的只是坐在加利福尼亚州松谷附近一个检查站的车里，给特工和当地治安官拍照，他们都试图让他摇下车窗。
They pull him over to secondary and try to talk to him through the glass.
他们把他拉到中学并试图透过玻璃与他交谈。
Finally they give up, but they don't let him go this time.
最后他们放弃了，但这一次他们没有放过他。
Instead an agent approaches with a little tool balled up in his fist and swings his arm back.
相反，一名特工手上握着一个小工具走近，然后向后挥动手臂。
--you know, smashes the window open, and--
——你知道，把窗户砸开，然后——
Hm?
嗯？
Border Patrol Agent Get out of the vehicle.
边境巡逻人员下车。
Violence like this doesn't happen a lot in these videos, but it does happen.
像这样的暴力行为在这些视频中并不常见，但确实发生过。
Agents also broke the window of that pastor I mentioned earlier, Steven Anderson.
特工还打破了我之前提到的牧师史蒂文·安德森的窗户。
They tased him and bloodied his face.
他们电击他，使他的脸流血。
In Robert's case, he says the agents seized his cameras, put him in handcuffs, drove him far away to a holding cell, and detained him for hours.
在罗伯特的案件中，他说特工没收了他的相机，给他戴上手铐，把他带到很远的拘留室，并拘留了他几个小时。
Then they drove them even farther away to El Cajon, California, let him out late at night at a bus station, and drove off.
然后他们开车送他到更远的加利福尼亚州埃尔卡洪，深夜在一个公交车站让他下车，然后开车离开。
Robert plans to file a claim for damages and lost income.
罗伯特计划提出损害赔偿和收入损失索赔。
But he says the one thing the bothers him about the whole experience is that he didn't have cameras outside the car to get better video of the whole thing.
但他表示，整个经历中令他困扰的一件事是，他在车外没有摄像头来更好地拍摄整个过程。
And it hasn't deterred him from making lots more videos.
这并没有阻止他制作更多视频。
And can you just spell out again, like, why, just why?
你能再说一遍，比如，为什么，只是为什么？
To test, kind of do a test to the system, to see how things operate.
为了测试，对系统进行测试，看看事情是如何运作的。
To understand it better.
为了更好地理解它。
Debbie Nathan Well, why do you want to understand it better?
Debbie Nathan 那么，你为什么想更好地理解它呢？
Why this system?
为什么有这个系统？
Because I'm close to it, I'm surrounded by it.
因为我离它很近，所以我被它包围。
I can't go anywhere without going through this system.
不经过这个系统我哪儿也去不了。
And the people in the community I'm in are trapped in it.
我所在社区的人们也被困在其中。
All right, so we're coming up on a Border Patrol checkpoint here.
好的，我们即将到达这里的边境巡逻检查站。
Where are we now?
我们现在在哪里？
Gila Bend.
希拉本德。
Sean Cole Gila Bend, Arizona.
肖恩·科尔 (Sean Cole) 吉拉弯 (亚利桑那州)。
On our way back from interviewing Robert Trudell, my producer, Sean, and I went through a checkpoint, not to do a challenge.
在采访罗伯特·特鲁德尔（Robert Trudell）回来的路上，我和我的制片人肖恩（Sean）通过了一个检查站，而不是进行挑战。
We just had to get to the airport.
我们只需要去机场。
And Border Patrol was set up on that road.
边境巡逻队就在那条路上设立了。
We were about 65 miles from the border.
我们距离边境大约 65 英里。
Sean pulled out his recorder to see if we could get a comment from the agents about the videos.
肖恩拿出录音机，看看我们是否可以从特工那里得到关于这些视频的评论。
Hi.
你好。
Border Patrol Agent Hello, sir, How are you?
边境巡逻人员 你好，先生，你好吗？
No surprise, they said they couldn't talk to us and referred us to the main Customs and Border Protection office in Tucson.
毫不奇怪，他们说他们无法与我们交谈，并建议我们前往图森的主要海关和边境保护办公室。
I requested an interview about the checkpoint videos.
我要求接受有关检查站视频的采访。
They sent back a long written statement that said nothing about the videos.
他们发回了一份长篇书面声明，其中只字不提这些视频。
Here's part of what it said instead.
这是它所说的部分内容。
Quote, "Checkpoints restrict smugglers from access to transportation hubs, roadways, highways, and different routes of egress.
引用：“检查站限制走私者进入交通枢纽、道路、高速公路和不同的出口路线。
It is not unusual for Border Patrol agents manning these checkpoints to engage in conversations with the public regarding their travels.
驻守这些检查站的边境巡逻人员与公众就其旅行进行对话并不罕见。
Brief questions to dispel any concerns are intended to complete the encounter with minimum disruption to traffic."
简短的问题可以消除任何顾虑，目的是在对交通造成最小影响的情况下完成此次会面。”
We also requested an interview with the headquarters of Customs and Border Protection in DC and asked them for statistics on how successful the checkpoints are at catching undocumented people and drug smugglers.
我们还要求采访华盛顿特区的海关和边境保护局总部，并要求他们提供有关检查站在抓获无证人员和毒品走私者方面成功程度的统计数据。
After going back and forth with them for a week, in the end they answered none of our questions.
和他们来来回回了一个星期，最后他们没有回答我们的问题。
I did talk to a former Border Patrol agent named Ephraim Cruz, who said something interesting about the checkpoints and how they work.
我确实与一位名叫埃弗莱姆·克鲁兹（Ephraim Cruz）的前边境巡逻人员交谈过，他说了一些关于检查站及其工作方式的有趣内容。
Cruz is famous in Border Patrol circles.
克鲁兹在边境巡逻界很有名。
He was a whistle-blower, and after that was brought up on charges of transporting an undocumented person into the States.
他是一名举报人，之后因涉嫌将无证人员运送到美国而受到指控。
He was acquitted.
他被无罪释放。
Sean and I asked him if he ever caught any undocumented immigrants himself.
肖恩和我问他是否亲自抓过任何非法移民。
He said he did, but in the flanks, the area around the checkpoint as far as three miles out.
他说他做到了，但在侧翼，检查站周围最远三英里的区域。
In the flanks?
在侧翼？
Ephraim Cruz In the flanks of the checkpoint.
Ephraim Cruz 在检查站的侧翼。
Not at the checkpoint itself.
不在检查站本身。
Ephraim Cruz No. Not that I recall, no.
Ephraim Cruz 不，我不记得了，不。
You never found an undocumented person at the checkpoint?
您在检查站从未发现过无证人员吗？
Not that I recall.
我不记得了。
Debbie Nathan This is the thing I didn't understand until talking to Ephraim.
Debbie Nathan 这是我在与 Ephraim 交谈之前才明白的事情。
The checkpoints have the effect of squeezing undocumented immigrant traffic out to the sides, out to the brush and desert, where some get caught, many get lost, some die.
检查站的作用是将无证移民的交通挤到两侧，挤到灌木丛和沙漠，在那里一些人被抓住，许多人迷路，一些人死亡。
The Border Patrol has reported that more than 6,000 migrants were found dead on the US side of the border between 1998 and 2013.
边境巡逻队报告称，1998 年至 2013 年间，超过 6,000 名移民被发现死在美国边境一侧。
That's not the intention of the checkpoint, of course.
当然，这不是检查站的目的。
But Ephraim says patrolling the flanks has become part of the overall checkpoint strategy.
但以法莲表示，侧翼巡逻已成为检查站整体战略的一部分。
It's effective in the sense that people who know the checkpoint is there and have intentions on smuggling a human load through will circumvent the checkpoint, and roving patrols will actually intercept those loads.
从某种意义上说，它是有效的，因为知道检查站在那里并且意图偷运人员的货物通过的人会绕过检查站，而巡回巡逻队实际上会拦截这些货物。
And from my experience, the checkpoint gives some of the public a sense of the Border Patrol doing something.
根据我的经验，检查站让一些公众感觉到边境巡逻队在做某事。
Not long ago I ran across a phrase that experts and analysts use, "security theater," meaning security measures that are mostly for show.
不久前，我遇到了专家和分析师使用的一个短语，“安全剧场”，意思是主要用于表演的安全措施。
If Ephraim Cruz is right, the checkpoints are a kind of security theater, brightly lit stages in the middle of the highway that send undocumented people elsewhere to get caught.
如果埃弗雷姆·克鲁兹是对的，那么检查站就像一个安全剧场，是高速公路中间灯火通明的舞台，将无证人员送往其他地方被捕。
The checkpoint challengers are unwilling actors in that drama, unpaid extras.
检查站的挑战者是这部戏剧中不情愿的演员，是无报酬的临时演员。
And so they turned things around and started telling a different story, casting the border agents in absurdist productions that they're directing and filming themselves.
于是他们扭转了局面，开始讲述一个不同的故事，让边境特工出演他们自己导演和拍摄的荒诞作品。
Debbie Nathan in New York.
黛比·内森在纽约。
Act Three: Ellis Island Ira Glass Act 3, Ellis Island.
第三幕：埃利斯岛 Ira Glass 第三幕，埃利斯岛。
So now we have this story about people putting up a front in a very different setting than these previous two stories.
所以现在我们有了这个关于人们在与前两个故事截然不同的环境中打掩护的故事。
This is putting up a front in a family and in a doctor's office, depending on how you see it.
这是在家庭和医生办公室中打掩护，取决于你如何看待它。
Ayelet Waldman says that her dad, he's a bookish man, he's a very smart man, but no man is everything that his kids want him to be.
阿耶莱特·瓦尔德曼 (Ayelet Waldman) 说，她的父亲是一个书生气十足的人，他是一个非常聪明的人，但没有一个人能成为孩子们希望他成为的一切。
I've tried a lot of different ways to get inside my father's head, but he has no interest in self-revelation.
我尝试了很多不同的方法来进入我父亲的头脑，但他对自我揭露没有兴趣。
Ask about the history of the kibbutz movement or Stalin's five-year plans for the Soviet economy, and he'll deliver a classroom-ready lecture complete with footnotes.
如果询问基布兹运动的历史或斯大林的苏联经济五年计划，他将提供带有脚注的课堂讲座。
But ask him how he feels about something?
但问他对某事有何感受？
He'll pretend his hearing aids aren't working.
他会假装他的助听器不起作用。
I've tried to combat his reticence in all sorts of ways, including sneaking personal queries into discussions of the topics that actually do interest him.
我尝试用各种方式来对抗他的沉默寡言，包括在他真正感兴趣的话题的讨论中偷偷提出个人疑问。
You have no idea of how difficult it is to shoehorn a question about your father's first divorce into a conversation about the schisms between the Ihud and Meuhad kibbutz factions.
你不知道把关于你父亲第一次离婚的问题强行塞进关于伊胡德和默哈德基布兹派别之间分裂的对话中是多么困难。
That's why it was downright astonishing when a while back, he handed me a stack of old mini cassette tapes.
这就是为什么不久前他递给我一叠旧迷你盒式磁带时，我感到非常惊讶。
They were recordings of his psychotherapy sessions from 30 years before.
它们是他 30 年前心理治疗的录音。
He said, you're the writer in the family.
他说，你是家里的作家。
Maybe you can do something with these.
也许你可以用这些做点什么。
Here's what I hoped for.
这就是我所希望的。
My father would bare his soul to a psychologist.
我父亲会向心理学家敞开心扉。
He would confess all of his fears and anxieties.
他会承认他所有的恐惧和焦虑。
He'd tell the truth about his feelings for his wife.
他会说出自己对妻子的真实感受。
He'd describe his disappointments with his children.
他会描述他对孩子们的失望。
I'd finally understand why he and my mom have stayed married for 50 years when they can barely tolerate being in the same room for 50 seconds.
我终于明白为什么他和我妈妈的婚姻已经维持了 50 年，而他们几乎无法忍受在同一个房间呆 50 秒。
Maybe he'd cry.
也许他会哭。
Maybe he'd talk about me.
也许他会谈论我。
This is what I actually heard.
这是我实际听到的。
Well, the whole idea of the kibbutz is that it's based on a premise of truth and honesty between people and cooperation and not taking advantage of others and all this crap.
嗯，基布兹的整体理念是，它建立在人与人之间的真理和诚实以及合作的前提之上，而不是利用他人和所有这些废话。
Yes.
是的。
The history of the kibbutz movement.
基布兹运动的历史。
And here's my dad's therapist chiming in with Communism.
我父亲的治疗师正在插话共产主义。
And look what Lenin wrongly said, that the [BLEEP] state would wither away.
看看列宁错误地说过的话，[BLEEP]国家将会消亡。
You have a dictatorship of the proletariat, which he really meant over the proletariat, because we know it ain't of the proletariat.
你有一个无产阶级专政，他真正的意思是对无产阶级的专政，因为我们知道它不是无产阶级的专政。
My father's psychologist, Albert Ellis, was actually a pretty big deal.
我父亲的心理学家艾伯特·埃利斯（Albert Ellis）实际上是一位相当了不起的人物。
One of the inventors of cognitive behavioral therapy, he died in 2007.
他是认知行为疗法的发明者之一，于 2007 年去世。
He's widely considered to be among the most important psychotherapists in history.
他被广泛认为是历史上最重要的心理治疗师之一。
The three 40-minute psychotherapy sessions I listened to were exactly like every conversation I've ever had with my dad, except with one major difference.
我听过的三场 40 分钟的心理治疗课程与我和父亲的每一次谈话一模一样，只是有一个重大区别。
Ellis cares as much about this crap as my dad does.
埃利斯和我爸爸一样关心这些垃圾。
He's totally engaged.
他完全投入了。
I've had lots of opportunities, incidentally, to join the immoral majority, the money-making majority, and sell my soul to the Ladies' Home Journal and McCall's magazine.
顺便说一句，我有很多机会加入不道德的大多数、赚钱的多数，并将我的灵魂出卖给《妇女家庭杂志》和《麦考尔杂志》。
I can write slop for them, you know.
我可以为他们写一些废话，你知道。
He doesn't even sound like a psychologist.
他听起来甚至不像心理学家。
He sounds like my dad, like a crotchety old man with a huge chip on his shoulder.
他听起来就像我的父亲，就像一个脾气暴躁的老人，肩膀上有一个巨大的负担。
Again, here's Ellis.
埃利斯又来了。
Too damn bad that we've got a [BLEEP] world where if you really want to make money, you lick the ass of the Reader's Digest.
太糟糕了，我们已经有了一个[BLEEP]世界，如果你真的想赚钱，你就舔读者文摘的屁股。
That's how to make money in this world.
这就是在这个世界上赚钱的方法。
And they never published a single thing of mine.
他们从未发表过我的任何作品。
And I never got a [BLEEP] thing in McCall's or the Ladies' Home Journal.
我从来没有在《麦考尔杂志》或《女士家庭杂志》上收到过[BLEEP]的消息。
Best I could do is Cosmopolitan or something like that, who kept some of my stuff.
我能做的最好的是大都会或类似的东西，他们保留了我的一些东西。
The very rare moments where Ellis and my dad actually talk about my dad's life and his emotions last for maybe five minutes at a stretch at most.
埃利斯和我父亲真正谈论我父亲的生活和他的情感的时刻非常罕见，最多持续五分钟。
Like here's my dad explaining the resentment he had for the wealthy people he dealt with at his fundraising job.
就像我父亲解释他对在筹款工作中与富人打交道的怨恨一样。
Well, I've got to learn how to accept these people for what they are.
好吧，我必须学会如何接受这些人的本来面目。
If I go on resenting them, I won't be able to work in any [BLEEP].
如果我继续怨恨他们，我将无法在任何[BLEEP]中工作。
Exactly right.
完全正确。
Father But it's true.
父亲 但这是真的。
I have this, you know-- and when somebody is, well, you have this resentment.
我有这个，你知道——当有人，嗯，你有这种怨恨。
Where the hell does this come from?
这到底是从哪里来的？
You know, I think it largely, partly comes from your own feelings of inadequacy that I'm not making a million bucks and being an idealist, too.
你知道，我认为这在很大程度上、部分来自于你自己的不足感，因为我既没有赚到一百万美元，也没有成为一个理想主义者。
Now we're getting somewhere, right?
现在我们已经取得进展了，对吧？
But as soon as they start digging in, it's like they both panic at the prospect of actually talking about something real.
但一旦他们开始深入研究，就好像他们都对真正谈论一些真实的事情感到恐慌。
And they scramble away to a safely neutral subject, like how many books Dale Carnegie sold.
他们争先恐后地转向一个安全中立的话题，比如戴尔·卡内基卖出了多少本书。
He sold about 10 million copies, and still sells very well.
他卖出了大约1000万册，而且仍然卖得很好。
Yeah.
是的。
Still sells.
仍然有卖。
Among the other topics my dad and Albert Ellis limned with great thoroughness when they were supposed to be getting to the root of my dad's anger issues, or whatever the hell it was that he went to therapy to talk about?
在我父亲和艾伯特·埃利斯（Albert Ellis）所讨论的其他话题中，当他们应该找到我父亲愤怒问题的根源时，他们非常彻底地讨论了，或者不管他去治疗要谈论什么？
Ralph Nader.
拉尔夫纳德.
Now, Ralph Nader doesn't sell his soul at all, because he's willing to do what he does and supported with his own effort.
现在，拉尔夫·纳德根本没有出卖自己的灵魂，因为他愿意做他所做的事，用自己的努力去支持。
The Teamsters' alleged crime connections.
卡车司机涉嫌犯罪。
But obviously some people in the Teamsters are simply closely linked to the mafia.
但显然卡车司机中的一些人与黑手党有着密切的联系。
This is when we learn more fun facts about Ellis.
这是我们了解更多有关埃利斯的有趣事实的时候。
The insights into my parents' marriage I was hoping for, the feelings he has never been able to express, none of that is in there.
我所期盼的对父母婚姻的洞察，他一直无法表达的感情，全都没有在里面。
My four brothers, my sister, me, he doesn't even mention our names.
我的四个兄弟，我的妹妹，我，他甚至没有提到我们的名字。
My mom?
我的妈妈？
The woman he spent hours of every day fighting with?
那个每天和他争吵好几个小时的女人？
She comes up exactly once.
她只出现过一次。
If you spent your evenings and weekends yelling at and being yelled at by your wife, wouldn't you talk about it in therapy?
如果你晚上和周末都对你的妻子大喊大叫，或者被你的妻子大喊大叫，你不会在治疗中谈论这件事吗？
So I had a few questions for my dad.
所以我有几个问题想问我爸爸。
Hello?
你好？
Ayelet Waldman Hi, Dad, how are you?
Ayelet Waldman 嗨，爸爸，你好吗？
Good.
好的。
Ayelet Waldman My dad's an energetic 89-year-old.
Ayelet Waldman 我的父亲是一位充满活力的 89 岁老人。
He spends his days reading three or four books at a time, flies overseas by himself.
他每天一次读三四本书，独自飞往海外。
He's lived on a diet of Keebler fudge-stripe cookies for so long-- he's up to a pack a day-- that my kids say he's turning into an elf.
他长期以来一直以基伯勒软糖条纹饼干为食——每天最多吃一包——我的孩子们说他正在变成一个小精灵。
I asked him why it was that he never talked about our family in therapy.
我问他为什么在治疗中从不谈论我们的家庭。
Why is it that we don't even come up?
为什么我们连上来都不上来？
What I was trying to do is get my head together.
我想做的就是集中注意力。
And one of the things that we were supposed to discuss-- and this is why we went to Ellis-- was that my marriage was suffering.
我们应该讨论的一件事——这就是我们去埃利斯的原因——是我的婚姻正在遭受痛苦。
But you know, Daddy, you never talk about your marriage almost at all.
但你知道，爸爸，你几乎从不谈论你的婚姻。
Well, yeah.
嗯，是的。
That's too personal, really.
这实在是太个人化了。
Yeah.
是的。
So.
所以。
Talking about his marriage is too personal for therapy.
谈论他的婚姻对于治疗来说太个人化了。
So you didn't talk about it.
所以你没有谈论它。
Father No. I wouldn't talk about my marriage, even not to Ellis.
父亲 不。我不会谈论我的婚姻，甚至不会对埃利斯。
Oh, we got sidetracked on all kinds of things.
哦，我们在各种各样的事情上都偏离了方向。
I had all these questions, questions about our relationship, and questions about how much you and mom were fighting.
我有所有这些问题，关于我们关系的问题，以及关于你和妈妈吵架的程度的问题。
And then you gave me the tapes.
然后你把磁带给了我。
And I thought, [GASP] he's giving me the tapes because he wants me to know.
我想，[喘息]他给我这些录音带是因为他想让我知道。
And then--
然后——
Yes, exactly.
是的，完全正确。
You didn't disclose anything.
你什么也没透露。
For years, I thought if I just found the right way to talk to my dad, he would finally open up.
多年来，我一直以为只要我找到正确的方式与父亲交谈，他最终就会敞开心扉。
But eventually I just gave up.
但最终我放弃了。
And then he gave me those tapes.
然后他给了我那些磁带。
And even though I know my dad, and I should've known exactly what I was going to hear, I was stunned all over again.
尽管我认识我的父亲，而且我应该清楚地知道我会听到什么，但我还是再次惊呆了。
It's crazy that even when we're grown, even when we know from long experience that someone is who they are, we still keep hoping that they might be different.
疯狂的是，即使我们长大了，即使我们从长期的经验中知道某人就是他们自己，我们仍然希望他们可能有所不同。
Ayelet Waldman, she's the author of Love and Treasure and many other books.
阿耶莱特·瓦尔德曼（Ayelet Waldman）是《爱与宝藏》和许多其他书籍的作者。
Her story was produced with Alix Lambert, whose film, Mentor , comes out on video on demand and DVD next month.
她的故事由阿利克斯·兰伯特 (Alix Lambert) 制作，他的电影《导师》(Mentor) 将于下个月以视频点播和 DVD 形式推出。
They left my place in shambles, I mean like a college fraternity or something, just trash everywhere.
他们把我的住处弄得一片狼藉，我的意思是像大学兄弟会之类的，到处都是垃圾。
They tore out some walls and they rewired some stuff and caused a leaky roof.
他们拆掉了一些墙壁，重新布线了一些东西，导致屋顶漏水。
I'm Ira Glass, back next week with more stories of This American Life.
我是艾拉·格拉斯，下周回来，带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。