396: #1 Party School - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #396 | December 18, 2009 396: #1 Party School Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 396 集 | 2009 年 12 月 18 日 396：#1 派对学校 注意：《美国生活》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue Ira Glass OK, Sarah.
序言 艾拉·格拉斯 好的，莎拉。
So it's ten to 1:00 on a Friday night in November, and we're sitting on your porch.
现在是 11 月星期五晚上 10 点到 1:00，我们坐在您的门廊上。
And it seems pretty quiet.
而且看起来很安静。
It's not that bad.
没那么糟糕。
Ira Glass One of the producers of our radio show, Sarah Koenig, moved to a college town because her husband got a job teaching there.
艾拉·格拉斯 (Ira Glass) 我们广播节目的制作人之一萨拉·科尼格 (Sarah Koenig) 搬到了大学城，因为她的丈夫在那里找到了一份教书的工作。
And by day, her neighborhood is like a college town that you would see in an old Hollywood film.
白天，她的社区就像是好莱坞老电影中看到的大学城。
Beautiful professors' homes built in the '20s and '30s.
美丽的教授住宅建于二十世纪二十年代和三十年代。
Tree-lined streets.
街道两旁绿树成荫。
Gardens.
花园。
But by night, we'd been on her porch for five minutes when--
但到了晚上，我们在她的门廊上待了五分钟，然后——
They seem drunk.
他们看起来喝醉了。
These kids seem drunk.
这些孩子看起来喝醉了。
This couple here, they're sort of staggering a bit.
这对夫妇，他们有点令人震惊。
I think he's like holding her up or something.
我觉得他就像抱着她什么的。
It's nine students walking down the middle of the street.
九个学生走在街道中间。
Happens all the time.
一直在发生。
It's noisy, right?
很吵，对吧？
It's like it doesn't occur to them at all, I think, that there are people just in these houses trying to sleep.
我想，他们好像根本没有想到，这些房子里有人试图睡觉。
And I kind of remember being that way in college, too, actually.
事实上，我记得大学时也是这样。
Yeah, I do too.
是的，我也一样。
Six minutes later, there's another group of drunk students.
六分钟后，又来了一群醉酒的学生。
One tosses something onto a lawn.
一个人把东西扔到草坪上。
Can you guys pick up your trash, please?
各位，你们能把垃圾捡起来吗？
Can you pick up your plate, your pizza plate, please?
请拿起你的盘子，你的披萨盘好吗？
People live here.
人们住在这里。
They pay no attention.
他们不予理睬。
Ira Glass Five minutes after that, we hear this clattering from the alley that runs next to Sarah's house.
艾拉·格拉斯 (Ira Glass) 五分钟后，我们听到莎拉家旁边的小巷里传来咔哒声。
Whoa, what was that?
哇，那是什么？
Actually, I'd kind of like to know what that was.
其实我有点想知道那是什么。
What's going on?
这是怎么回事？
Ira Glass We run down the alley.
艾拉·格拉斯 我们沿着小巷跑去。
Two college boys run away as they see us coming.
两个大学生看到我们来了就逃跑了。
Don't go back there, you could get raped, they yell to Sarah.
“别回去，你可能会被强奸，”他们对莎拉大喊。
See, OK.
瞧，好吧。
They get threw somebody's trashcan, or like drop kicked it up in the air.
他们会被扔掉别人的垃圾桶，或者像水滴一样把它踢到空中。
12 minutes after that, from the other direction, we hear a scraping and a loud rumbling, I guess.
12 分钟后，从另一个方向，我们听到了刮擦声和巨大的隆隆声，我猜。
That's somebody's property.
那是某人的财产。
That might have been a sign, actually.
实际上，这可能是一个迹象。
I don't know how many street signs you need to hear dragged through your neighborhood before you can recognize the sound it makes from all the way around the corner, but apparently my colleague Sarah has seen whatever that number is.
我不知道你需要听到多少街道标志拖过你的邻居才能识别出它从拐角处发出的声音，但显然我的同事莎拉已经看到了这个数字。
We go to investigate and find two guys.
我们去调查并找到两个人。
A stop sign.
一个停车标志。
Male Student 2 Nice big pole on it.
男学生2 上面的大杆子不错。
A stop sign.
一个停车标志。
That's kind of a big thing when you see it up close, isn't it?
当你近距离观察时，这是一件大事，不是吗？
Sorry.
对不起。
Sarah Koenig Where did you find that?
莎拉·柯尼格 你在哪里找到的？
Like, where does it belong?
比如，它属于哪里？
I don't know.
我不知道。
Male Student 2 That is a good question.
男学生2 这个问题问得好。
We just found it on a lawn.
我们刚刚在草坪上发现了它。
We found it on a lawn.
我们在草坪上发现了它。
It was already ripped off.
它已经被撕掉了。
Male Student 1 Yeah, it was already [BLEEP].
男学生1 是啊，已经[BLEEP]了。
We just decided, hey, why not make use of it and take it?
我们刚刚决定，嘿，为什么不利用它并接受它呢？
Of course, this story makes no sense at all.
当然，这个故事根本没有任何意义。
I inform the two guys that I don't need to know their names.
我告诉这两个人我不需要知道他们的名字。
Well, in that case, we took it from the corner right there.
好吧，在这种情况下，我们就从那里的角落里拿走了它。
Which one?
哪一个？
Male Student 2 Where that car just turned.
男学生2 那辆车刚刚转弯的地方。
Pretty sure.
很确定。
Pulled it out of the ground?
是从地里拔出来的吗？
Male Student 2 Yeah, it was cemented in pretty well.
男学生2 是啊，粘合得很好。
Just get a little rocking back and forth between two people, comes right up.
只要在两个人之间来回摇摆一下，就可以了。
Did you guys come from like a house party somewhere?
你们是从某个地方参加家庭聚会来的吗？
No. We were just hanging out with a bunch of friends, just drinking.
不，我们只是和一群朋友出去玩，只是喝酒。
Taking some shots.
拍摄一些照片。
Seems like kind of an academic distinction to me, but.
对我来说似乎是一种学术上的区别，但是。
With that, the other guy starts running with the street sign toward Garner Street, which is hard, because it's attached to a seven foot metal pole, and it's heavy.
说完，另一个人开始拿着路牌朝加纳街跑，这很困难，因为它连接到一根七英尺的金属杆上，而且很重。
Sarah and I go back around the corner to her front yard.
莎拉和我从拐角处回到她的前院。
The evening is not over at all.
晚上还没有结束。
Just in time to spot another student, this one coming out of a garden.
正好看到另一名学生，这个学生从花园里出来。
Sarah assumes from the bushes back there.
莎拉从后面的灌木丛中猜想。
I didn't pee.
我没有撒尿。
Sarah Koenig Really?
莎拉·柯尼格 真的吗？
Really?
真的吗？
I was just sitting down.
我刚坐下。
Ira Glass He goes.
艾拉·格拉斯 他走了。
And it's not a minute later that Sara points toward the alley, where there are three girls in miniskirts, under a streetlight, fully visible.
不到一分钟，萨拉指着小巷，那里有三个穿着迷你裙的女孩，在路灯下，清晰可见。
Peeing, peeing, peeing, peeing, peeing.
撒尿，撒尿，撒尿，撒尿，撒尿。
[INAUDIBLE]
[听不清]
One girl hikes up her skirt.
一名女孩掀起裙子。
Ira Glass Get back, get back, get back.
艾拉·格拉斯 回来，回来，回来。
But they're peeing in my yard.
但他们在我的院子里撒尿。
They're peeing in my yard.
他们在我的院子里撒尿。
That's my car, OK, and three feet back is a girl's white ass, peeing.
那是我的车，好吧，三英尺后是一个女孩的白色屁股，正在撒尿。
She saw we saw her.
她看到我们看到了她。
She stopped.
她停了下来。
She stopped.
她停了下来。
You know, that might be why the plants grow really, really well in that spot, I'm just realizing.
你知道，这可能就是为什么植物在那个地方长得非常非常好的原因，我刚刚意识到。
Sarah's caught other groups of girls peeing in that same spot.
莎拉发现其他一群女孩在同一个地方撒尿。
Once she heard a girl say, "This is a good place.
有一次，她听到一个女孩说：“这是个好地方。
I go here all the time."
我经常去这里。”
They're so embarrassed.
他们太尴尬了
There's like, muffled giggling happening across the street.
街对面传来低沉的咯咯笑声。
The college town that Sarah lives in is State College, Pennsylvania, home of Penn State University, which this year was named the number one party school in the country by the people who name the number one party school, the Princeton Review.
莎拉居住的大学城是宾夕法尼亚州州立学院，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的所在地，今年该校被《普林斯顿评论》评选为全国第一党派学校的人士评为全国第一党派学校。
And this is apparently what it means to be the number one party school.
而这显然就是第一党校的意义所在。
From the moment that Sarah and I turned on the tape recorder to the moment that she sent those girls looking for somebody else's yard to pee in, it's only been 34 minutes.
从我和莎拉打开录音机到她让那些女孩去别人家的院子里撒尿，只用了34分钟。
It's 1:30 in the morning.
现在是凌晨 1 点 30 分。
The fact that we saw that much mayhem sort of going on, at one corner-- so that means it's, multiply that by, you know, this entire neighborhood and other neighborhoods around-- people are peeing everywhere, garbage cans are getting kicked, stop signs are getting pulled out of the road, people are littering.
事实上，我们看到在一个角落里发生了很多混乱——所以这意味着，乘以整个街区和周围的其他街区——人们到处撒尿，垃圾桶被踢，停车标志被从路上拔掉，人们乱扔垃圾。
You know.
你知道。
The Princeton Review chooses the number one party school from online student surveys.
《普林斯顿评论》从在线学生调查中选出了排名第一的派对学校。
120,000 students at 371 schools around the country answered these questions.
全国371所学校的12万名学生回答了这些问题。
"How widely used are beer, alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs at your school?" "How big is frat life at your school?" And finally, "How many hours do you study each day?"
“你们学校啤酒、酒精、大麻和其他毒品的使用有多广泛？” “你们学校的兄弟会生活有多大？”最后，“你每天学习几个小时？”
Students aren't randomly selected, so it's not, strictly speaking, a scientific survey.
学生不是随机选择的，因此严格来说，这不是一项科学调查。
But the last two years, Penn State has done very well.
但最近两年，宾夕法尼亚州立大学表现非常好。
It was the number three party school last year, number six the year before that, and nobody argues it is not a very big school for partying.
去年它是排名第三的派对学校，前年排名第六，没有人认为它不是一所非常大的派对学校。
Well, look.
嗯，看看。
We've never said we don't want our students to have fun.
我们从来没有说过我们不希望我们的学生玩得开心。
The University's president, Graham Spanier, discussed the number one ranking in a faculty senate meeting this fall.
该大学校长格雷厄姆·斯潘尼尔(Graham Spanier)在今年秋天的教职评议会会议上讨论了第一名的排名。
The only recording that exist is from a webcast Penn State did at the meeting, so you hear the audio is little sketchy.
唯一存在的录音来自宾夕法尼亚州立大学在会议上进行的网络广播，因此您听到的音频有点粗略。
But still fine.
但还好。
I mean, when people talk about oh, Penn State's a party school, I'm not-- it doesn't bother me at all, actually.
我的意思是，当人们谈论哦，宾夕法尼亚州立大学是一所派对学校时，我不是——实际上，这根本不困扰我。
I wish we weren't ranked number one.
我希望我们没有排名第一。
You know why we're ranked number one?
你知道为什么我们能排名第一吗？
Have we talked about this?
我们讨论过这个吗？
You know why we're ranked number one?
你知道为什么我们能排名第一吗？
The students vote!
同学们来投票吧！
It's not like somebody came in here and did an assessment of the place.
并不是有人来到这里并对这个地方进行了评估。
It's an online, web-based thing.
这是一个在线的、基于网络的东西。
And whenever there's an online, web-based thing, Penn State always wins.
每当出现在线、基于网络的事物时，宾夕法尼亚州立大学总是获胜。
We have the best mascot in the country.
我们有全国最好的吉祥物。
We probably do.
我们可能会这样做。
But I guarantee that any online voting for the best mascot in the country, we're going to win that.
但我保证，在任何针对该国最佳吉祥物的在线投票中，我们都将获胜。
You know?
你知道？
We're the number one university on Facebook.
我们是 Facebook 上排名第一的大学。
We're the number one university with Twitter.
我们是 Twitter 排名第一的大学。
So when these party school things, some of our students get online and vote?
那么当这些党校事情发生时，我们的一些学生会上网投票吗？
Of course they want to be voted number one.
他们当然希望被选为第一。
Yeah, Penn State.
是的，宾夕法尼亚州立大学。
Then I have to clean up the mess after the votes are in.
然后我必须在投票结束后收拾残局。
Because I got all the donors and alumni, and the media I'm calling for comment.
因为我得到了所有的捐助者、校友以及媒体的意见。
The amount of drinking at the school does concern Spanier.
学校里的饮酒量确实让西班牙人感到担忧。
He told the faculty that when people ask him what's the biggest problem at Penn State, they always expect him to say money, but the answer for a long time has been alcohol.
他告诉教职员工，当人们问他宾夕法尼亚州立大学最大的问题是什么时，他们总是希望他说钱，但很长一段时间答案都是酒精。
And he said it's a problem that's bigger than Penn State.
他说这是一个比宾夕法尼亚州立大学更严重的问题。
Nearly a third of high school seniors across the country binge drink.
全国近三分之一的高中生酗酒。
So it's a bit of a problem that we inherit.
所以这是我们继承的一个问题。
But we also have a cultural environment here, an atmosphere that fosters it.
但我们这里也有一个文化环境，一种培育它的氛围。
Well, today we devote our entire show to the nation's number one party school.
那么，今天我们把整个节目奉献给全国第一的党校。
Not because it's number one and what happens here is unusual, but because it's not unusual at all.
不是因为它是第一并且这里发生的事情不寻常，而是因为它根本不不寻常。
Lots of schools, especially a lot of big state schools, do this much partying.
很多学校，尤其是很多大型公立学校，都会举办这么多的聚会。
Five of us from our staff went down to State College where Sarah lives to record one football weekend in November.
我们的五位员工前往莎拉居住的州立大学录制十一月的一个橄榄球周末。
What we bring you today is a travelogue from this place where the rules and norms are probably very different from where you live right now.
今天我们为您带来的是来自这个地方的游记，那里的规则和规范可能与您现在居住的地方有很大不同。
Its own rituals, its own jargon, its own native dress.
有自己的仪式，有自己的行话，有自己的本土服饰。
We wanted to see what it was all about.
我们想看看这到底是怎么回事。
Our show today, in four acts.
我们今天的演出分为四幕。
Only three of them actually pre-soaked in vodka.
其中只有三个人实际上预先浸泡在伏特加中。
From WBEZ Chicago, it's This American Life, distributed by Public Radio International.
这是来自芝加哥 WBEZ 的《This American Life》，由国际公共广播电台发行。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Stay with us.
留在我们身边。
Act One: I'm Not As Think As You Drunk I Am Ira Glass Act One.
第一幕：我不像你醉酒时想的那样我是艾拉·格拉斯 第一幕。
I'm Not As Think As You Drunk I Am.
我并不像你醉酒时想的那样。
Let's start with the drinking, which is epic.
让我们从饮酒开始，这是史诗般的。
The Harvard School of Public Health did a study of what schools tend to have the heaviest drinking, and Penn State actually hits all the criteria that they found.
哈佛大学公共卫生学院对哪些学校饮酒最严重的学校进行了一项研究，宾夕法尼亚州立大学实际上符合他们发现的所有标准。
It's located in the northeast, and it has a large undergraduate population-- that would be, in this case, 44,000 students-- a large fraternity system, a nationally-known football team.
它位于东北部，拥有大量本科生（在本例中为 44,000 名学生）、一个庞大的兄弟会系统、一支全国知名的足球队。
Now, the fact is that it probably doesn't hurt it's isolated.
现在，事实是，孤立可能并没有什么坏处。
State College is in a valley nestled between two mountain ridges in a state forest.
州立学院位于州立森林中两座山脊之间的山谷中。
People here call it "Happy Valley." It's surrounded by farms.
这里的人们称之为“欢乐谷”。它周围都是农场。
You're in the middle of nowhere, a few people said, without much to do but drink.
有几个人说，你身处一个荒无人烟的地方，除了喝酒之外没什么可做的。
And to talk about this drinking, I'm joined now in the studio by Sarah Koenig.
为了谈论这次喝酒，莎拉·科尼格现在和我一起在工作室里。
Because Sarah, you recorded these first couple clips of tape.
因为莎拉，你录制了前几个磁带片段。
Right.
正确的。
A couple of weeks before you guys came to State College, there was this huge freak snowstorm, and they had to cancel tailgating for the first time anyone could remember because the conditions were so dangerous by the field.
在你们来到州立学院之前几周，发生了一场巨大的反常暴风雪，他们不得不取消车尾聚会，这是人们记忆中第一次，因为现场的情况非常危险。
But it didn't stop anyone.
但这并没有阻止任何人。
I saw people tailgating in their yards, on their front lawns.
我看到人们在自家院子里、前草坪上追尾。
Even in my neighborhood, I saw people under, like, these building underpasses.
即使在我家附近，我也看到人们在这些建筑物的地下通道下。
I went into a parking garage and found all these people on the fourth floor.
我走进一个停车场，发现所有这些人都在四楼。
There's dirty cars everywhere.
到处都是脏车。
Concrete floor.
混凝土地板。
It's cold, it's dark.
天很冷，天很黑。
At the end of one row of cars, there were these two tables pushed together in an L-shape tablecloths, and all kinds of food, and a couple of birthday cakes.
一排车厢的尽头，摆着两张用L型桌布拼在一起的桌子，还有各种食物，还有几个生日蛋糕。
Whose birthday is this?
这是谁的生日？
Female Student 1 It's my birthday!
女学生1 今天是我的生日！
It's my birthday!
今天是我的生日！
My 21st birthday.
我21岁生日。
Happy birthday!
生日快乐！
Female Student 1 Thank you!
女学生1 谢谢！
And what are you doing on the fourth floor of a parking garage?
你在停车场四楼做什么？
It's a crown with a 21 that's on fire, and it says "Where is the bar?"
这是一个带有 21 的皇冠，上面着火了，上面写着“酒吧在哪里？”
My mom and dad, because they love me, and they're the best.
我的爸爸妈妈，因为他们爱我，而且他们是最棒的。
About a half dozen older people were there, too.
那里还有大约六名老年人。
Her parents and some of their friends.
她的父母和他们的一些朋友。
And there were a bunch of other tailgates happening around us, and one couple was having their 40th wedding anniversary.
我们周围还发生了很多其他的事情，一对夫妇正在庆祝结婚 40 周年纪念日。
Wow.
哇。
In the garage?
在车库里？
Sarah Koenig In the garage, yeah.
莎拉·柯尼格 在车库里，是的。
At one point, a women probably in her 50s walked up and handed the birthday girl a red plastic cup.
有一次，一名大约 50 多岁的女性走过来，递给寿星一个红色塑料杯。
Aw, thank you!
噢，谢谢！
What is this?
这是什么？
Woman [UNINTELLIGIBLE] Lemonade.
女人[无法辨认]柠檬水。
Is there alcohol in it?
里面有酒精吗？
Woman Most definitely.
女人 绝对是。
Oh my God!
我的天啊！
This is the strongest drink I've ever had in my life.
这是我一生中喝过的最烈的饮料。
They just brought me a really strong alcoholic lemonade.
他们刚刚给我带来了一杯酒精度很高的柠檬水。
We're parked over there.
我们把车停在那里。
Sarah Koenig You just saw that this is happening.
Sarah Koenig 你刚刚看到这一切正在发生。
Yes.
是的。
Man We've got to keep ourselves entertained somehow, right?
伙计，我们必须以某种方式让自己开心，对吧？
Watch the 21 year old get plastered, that's the entertainment?
看21岁的人被打得烂醉，这就是娱乐？
Exactly, exactly.
完全正确。
Female Student 1 Thank you so much for the drink!
女学生1 非常感谢您的饮料！
At tailgate parties, you see just how deeply embedded drinking is in life at Penn State.
在车尾聚会上，你会看到饮酒在宾夕法尼亚州立大学的生活中是多么根深蒂固。
It's entire families.
这是整个家庭。
It's several generations together.
已经是好几代人在一起了。
It's outdoor, public drinking, which gives you the feeling, when you're there, that the whole world is drinking.
这是户外的公共饮酒，当你在那里时，会给你一种整个世界都在饮酒的感觉。
Probably because there's so much of it.
大概是因为实在是太多了。
Penn State now has the largest stadium in North America.
宾夕法尼亚州立大学现在拥有北美最大的体育场。
It holds over 100,000 people.
它容纳了超过100,000人。
The tailgates are these huge masses of humanity, spread out as far as you can see, all around the stadium.
尾门就是一大群人，散布在体育场周围，一望无际。
Starting at eight in the morning, starting really early, which is when these alums got here.
早上八点开始，起得很早，这就是这些校友到达这里的时间。
They talked to one of our producers, Aaron Scott.
他们与我们的一位制片人亚伦·斯科特进行了交谈。
So you went to bed, three or four, you got up, and you're drinking again?
所以你上床睡觉，三四点，你起床，然后你又喝酒了？
Hells, yeah.
地狱，是的。
Aaron Scott Is it ever too early to drink?
Aaron Scott 现在喝酒还太早吗？
Never.
绝不。
Ira Glass Eight in the morning means, by the way, that if it's a night game, they will tailgate for 12 hours, in the cold, in the freezing cold sometimes, before kickoff.
顺便说一句，艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass）早上八点意味着，如果这是一场夜间比赛，他们将在开球前在寒冷中（有时甚至在严寒中）尾随 12 个小时。
I talked to a bunch of alums at a tailgate about what would happen if they weren't allowed to drink at all.
我在后挡板和一群校友谈论了如果他们根本不被允许喝酒会发生什么。
I think there would be a revolt.
我认为将会有一场叛乱。
I think there would be a huge, huge pushback from the alumni that donate a lot of money to this school to say that you can't have alcohol at a tailgate.
我认为向这所学校捐赠大量资金的校友会强烈反对说不能在车尾喝酒。
It's just part of the culture.
这只是文化的一部分。
I mean, that's why this school sells 110,000 tickets for every-- you know, just, it's a part of it.
我的意思是，这就是为什么这所学校每人售出 110,000 张门票——你知道，只是其中的一部分。
It's just part of that tradition.
这只是该传统的一部分。
Usually pounding down drinks at eight in the morning can be kind of, I don't know, bad.
我不知道，通常早上八点喝下去可能有点糟糕。
But the main thing about this kind of drinking, where it's tied in with tradition, and football, and family, and overwhelming sense of school spirit, is that it feels incredibly wholesome.
但这种饮酒方式的主要特点是，它与传统、足球、家庭以及压倒性的学校精神联系在一起，它让人感觉非常健康。
The whole campus feels like a Chevy commercial.
整个校园感觉就像是雪佛兰广告。
Welcoming, people friendly.
热情好客，对人友善。
[UNINTELLIGIBLE]
[无法理解]
The sense that drinking together is what we do spills over from the football games into the whole weekend.
我们所做的就是一起喝酒，这种感觉从足球比赛一直延续到整个周末。
Into the week, too, actually.
实际上，也进入了本周。
It's Friday night, it's the night before the football game, outside East Hall, the big freshman dorms.
这是周五晚上，足球比赛的前一天晚上，东厅外面，大的新生宿舍。
Dozens of kids are lined up for free shuttle buses that are going to take them across campus to the frats and parties on the other side.
数十名孩子正在排队等候免费班车，这些巴士将带他们穿过校园，前往另一边的兄弟会和派对。
Two of our producers, Jane Feltes and Lisa Pollak, noticed that all the girls wore these ratty-looking hoodies and jackets over their dressup clothes.
我们的两位制片人 Jane Feltes 和 Lisa Pollak 注意到所有女孩都在礼服外面穿着这些看起来破旧的连帽衫和夹克。
Somebody else told them support for this is "fracket," and wanted some girls to confirm that.
其他人告诉她们对此的支持是“不和谐的”，并希望一些女孩证实这一点。
Have you guys heard of something called "frackets"?
你们听说过一种叫做“碎片”的东西吗？
Oh, yeah, that's what we're wearing.
哦，是的，我们就是这么穿的。
A fracket, by definition, is a jacket made for frats.
根据定义，fraket 是为兄弟会制作的夹克。
It's basically a crappy jacket that's cheap and you don't care about.
它基本上是一件廉价的蹩脚夹克，你并不关心。
Yeah.
是的。
Because like, they get lost.
因为就像，他们迷路了。
They get, like, puked on.
他们就像被吐了一样。
You don't want that back.
你不想要那个回来。
You don't want it back.
你不想让它回来。
Just lose it.
就失去它吧。
Yeah.
是的。
Jane rode on the bus with the freshmen.
简和新生们一起乘坐公共汽车。
She joins me now.
她现在加入我。
So the reason that they needed the fracket in the first place, is it was really cold that night, and they're wearing next to nothing.
所以他们首先需要防弹衣的原因是那天晚上真的很冷，而且他们几乎什么也没穿。
All the girls had on pretty much the same thing.
所有的女孩都穿着几乎相同的衣服。
Like some version of a mini, mini, mini tube dress, bare legs, and super high platform heels.
就像某些版本的迷你、迷你、迷你抹胸连衣裙，裸腿，还有超高的厚底高跟鞋。
They all look like cocktail waitresses at a strip club.
她们看起来都像脱衣舞俱乐部的鸡尾酒女服务员。
Did you guys dress like this in high school.
你们高中的时候也这样穿吗？
Uh, no. We just got slutty after we got into college.
呃，不。进入大学后我们就变得放荡了。
My dress-- yeah, it's pretty short.
我的裙子——是的，它很短。
It like barely covers my, like, tuckus, so.
它几乎覆盖不了我的，比如，tuckus，所以。
That girl, her name's Chuy, She's from Saudi Arabia.
那个女孩，她的名字叫Chuy，她来自沙特阿拉伯。
Guess that's the word they use for that over there.
我猜他们就是用这个词来形容的。
Yeah, right.
是的，对。
Jane Feltes When I met her and her friend Megna, they were already on their second loop around campus.
当我见到简·费尔特斯和她的朋友梅格纳时，他们已经在校园里进行第二圈了。
They were kind of drunk and they'd missed their stop the first time.
他们有点喝醉了，第一次就错过了车站。
And on this bus, everyone keeps breaking into song.
在这辆公共汽车上，每个人都不停地唱歌。
[SINGING] Jane Feltes What is happening?
[唱歌] Jane Feltes 发生了什么事？
Oh my God.
我的天啊。
Is this the same stop where we found out that we were late?
这是我们发现迟到的同一站吗？
Penn State's administration does a pretty thorough job surveying students to track how much they're drinking.
宾夕法尼亚州立大学的管理部门对学生进行了相当彻底的调查，以追踪他们的饮酒量。
The surveys show that every Friday and every Saturday night, 75% of the school drinks.
调查显示，每周五和每周六晚上，75%的学校喝酒。
That's over 30,000 people, an average of four and a half drinks per person.
超过 30,000 人，平均每人喝四杯半。
And the students drink those drinks in about three hours average.
学生们平均在大约三个小时内喝完这些饮料。
To put those numbers in perspective, binge drinking, or as it's being re-branded lately, high risk or dangerous drinking, defined as four drinks for a woman or five drinks for a man consumed in just two hours.
从正确的角度来看，酗酒，或者最近被重新命名为高风险或危险饮酒，定义为女性在短短两小时内喝下四杯酒或男性喝下五杯酒。
[SINGING] When you get down into the details of Penn State's numbers, it works out to over half the students regularly binge drinking, which is just a little bit above the national average for college students.
[唱歌]当你仔细研究宾夕法尼亚州立大学的数据时，你会发现超过一半的学生经常酗酒，这仅比全国大学生的平均水平略高一点。
[SINGING] The routine at Penn State on weekend nights is that you pregame or preload.
[唱歌] 宾夕法尼亚州立大学周末晚上的例行公事是赛前或预装。
That's what they call it when you drink at your apartment or your dorm room before going out.
当你出去之前在你的公寓或宿舍里喝酒时，他们就是这么称呼它的。
It's way cheaper than buying drinks at a bar.
这比在酒吧买饮料便宜得多。
Also in winter, keeps you warm.
冬天也能保暖。
We heard lots of people use the phrase "beer jacket."
我们听到很多人使用“啤酒夹克”这个词。
And if you went to college long ago, you definitely noticed mostly hard liquor here, not beer.
如果你很久以前上过大学，你肯定会注意到这里主要是烈性酒，而不是啤酒。
Various sugary vodka drinks of various kinds.
各种含糖伏特加饮料。
Red bull and vodka, one of them.
红牛和伏特加，其中之一。
So everybody gets a lot more drunk.
所以每个人都会喝得更醉。
Oh.
哦。
And what's the triple?
那么三重是什么？
Jane Feltes Early on one night, I went to an apartment with a bunch of seniors.
简·费尔特斯 一天晚上，我和一群老年人去了一间公寓。
And they were getting ready and pregaming.
他们正在做准备并进行赛前准备。
They said they usually do five shots in five minutes before they leave the house.
他们说，他们通常在离开家前五分钟内射击五次。
There were empties everywhere.
到处都是空的。
That's not bad.
那还不错。
Female Student 5 Oh, yum.
女学生5哦，嗯。
What's in your fridge?
你的冰箱里有什么？
Female Student 4 Um, water, lemonade, tequila, Malibu, vodka, margarita mix, and cheese.
女学生 4 嗯，水，柠檬水，龙舌兰酒，马里布，伏特加，玛格丽特混合物，还有奶酪。
But college students are underage, so a lot, maybe most, of drinking at Penn State is underage drinking.
但大学生都是未成年人，所以宾夕法尼亚州立大学的很多（也许是大部分）饮酒行为都是未成年人饮酒。
The bars in State College are actually very strict about under 21 drinking.
State College的酒吧对于21岁以下的饮酒实际上非常严格。
You have to show a student ID.
您必须出示学生证。
In lots of places they scan the ID.
在很多地方，他们都会扫描身份证。
But there are other ways to get drunk.
但还有其他方法可以让你喝醉。
Everybody told us if you're too young for a bar, you go to a frat party.
每个人都告诉我们，如果你太年轻，不适合去酒吧，你就去参加兄弟会聚会。
Back up, three steps.
后退，三步。
Frat Brother 1 Why should we let you in this party?
兄弟会兄弟 1 我们为什么要让你参加这个聚会？
Thursday night.
星期四晚上。
This is the front door of a fraternity that asked that I not use their name.
这是一个兄弟会的前门，要求我不要使用他们的名字。
Under Penn State rules, nobody is supposed to get into a frat party except members of other fraternities and sororities, and guys on an official university list of potential pledges.
根据宾夕法尼亚州立大学的规定，除了其他兄弟会和姐妹会的成员以及大学官方潜在承诺名单上的人之外，任何人都不得参加兄弟会聚会。
There's supposed to be a guest list with names at the door.
门口应该有一张客人名单，上面有名字。
But in practice, it seems like pretty much any cute girl can get onto that guest list on the spot.
但实际上，似乎任何可爱的女孩都可以当场进入嘉宾名单。
Which is one reason they all wear the miniskirts, one girl told us.
一位女孩告诉我们，这就是他们都穿迷你裙的原因之一。
To help with that.
为了帮助解决这个问题。
So he has to come with me because I'm wearing his jacket.
所以他必须跟我一起去，因为我穿着他的夹克。
This particular girl, though, had a guy with her that the brothers did not want to let in.
然而，这个特殊的女孩身边有一个兄弟不想让的男人进来。
He's important.
他很重要。
Frat Brother 1 No, no, no.
兄弟会兄弟 1 不，不，不。
Are you serious?
你是认真的？
You're going to leave him all alone?
你要丢下他一个人吗？
Look at him.
看看他。
He's so innocent.
他真是太无辜了
Look at his face.
看看他的脸。
What frat, though?
不过，什么兄弟会呢？
Female Student 7 He's one of my best friends!
女学生7 他是我最好的朋友之一！
Come on.
快点。
What frat is he in?
他是哪个兄弟会的？
Female Student 7 He's my best friend.
女学生7 他是我最好的朋友。
He's not in a frat, so under school rules, he should not be let in.
他不是兄弟会的成员，所以根据学校的规定，他不应该被允许进来。
But the guys at the door are no match for this girl.
但门口的男人根本不是这个女孩的对手。
Yo, dude, sorry.
哟，伙计，对不起。
You can go in.
你可以进去了。
Go in, just go in, dude.
进去吧，进去吧，伙计。
Inside the windows are taped over with plastic trash bags, which gives the whole place the feeling of a seedy underground club.
窗户里面贴满了塑料垃圾袋，这让整个地方给人一种肮脏的地下俱乐部的感觉。
One big room is dark with a DJ and a big sound system, dancing.
一间黑暗的大房间里有 DJ 和大型音响系统，正在跳舞。
Another room has booze.
另一个房间有酒。
The floor of this room is slippery with a layer of muck that is part beer, part dirt, part, you know.
这个房间的地板很滑，上面有一层淤泥，一半是啤酒，一半是泥土，一半是，你知道的。
There's a lot of flirting.
有很多调情。
Much of it ineffective.
其中很多都是无效的。
I walked up to one couple who told me they'd been talking for half an hour.
我走到一对夫妇面前，他们告诉我他们已经聊了半个小时了。
No. It's not weird.
不，这并不奇怪。
And I'm not trying to get away from him.
我并不是想摆脱他。
Why all the people I meet here are weird.
为什么我在这里遇到的人都很奇怪。
Really?
真的吗？
Female Student 8 Like him.
女学生8 喜欢他。
He's really awkward.
他真的很尴尬。
I don't know.
我不知道。
This is kind of awkward.
这有点尴尬。
I'm just trying to get her drunk so I can take advantage of her later.
我只是想把她灌醉，这样我以后就可以利用她了。
That's awkward!
那就尴尬了！
Male Student 1 I know.
男学生1我知道。
I'm working on it.
我正在努力。
The whole time we were at Penn State, I found myself looking back and forth between two opposite feelings about all the drinking I saw going on.
我们在宾夕法尼亚州立大学的整个时间里，我发现自己对我所看到的所有饮酒行为在两种相反的感觉之间来回徘徊。
Sometimes it seemed really extreme.
有时这看起来真的很极端。
Other times it seemed like, so what.
其他时候似乎又怎样。
Kids drink at college.
孩子们在大学喝酒。
Most of them get through it.
他们中的大多数人都能渡过难关。
Lots of students said something that was hard argue with.
很多同学都说了一些难以反驳的话。
When else are they going to get a chance to do this?
他们什么时候才有机会这样做？
Like I was talking to a senior by the back door of the fraternity about this and that.
就像我在兄弟会后门和一位高年级学生谈论这件事那样。
So what's the wildest thing you've seen at a party at this school?
那么你在这所学校的聚会上见过的最疯狂的事情是什么？
Wildest thing?
最疯狂的事情？
At a party?
在聚会上？
Somebody stripping completely naked and pretending to throw monkey feces as they were doing it.
有人脱光衣服，假装扔猴子粪便。
And--that was me.
还有——那就是我。
That was you?
那是你吗？
Male Student 2 That was me.
男学生2 那就是我。
When was that?
那是什么时候？
Male Student 2 Last week.
男学生2 上周。
Last week?
上星期？
Male Student 2 Somebody I was like, yeah, I dare you to get naked.
男学生 2 我当时想，是的，我敢让你裸体。
I'm just like, I'll get naked.
我只是想，我会裸体。
It was really fun.
真的很有趣。
I mean, you can only do that stuff now, when you're in college.
我的意思是，你现在只能在上大学的时候做这些事情。
You know?
你知道？
I wouldn't be able to do it six months from now.
六个月后我将无法做到这一点。
[BLEEP] it.
[哔]它。
You know, it's college.
你知道，这是大学。
It's also not hard to find students who talk about the darker side of all this partying.
也不难找到谈论所有这些聚会的阴暗面的学生。
A senior named Dan was out late one of these weekend nights, not drinking, but watching drunk people and taking notes for a paper that he's writing.
有一个周末晚上，一位名叫丹的高年级学生在外面很晚，他没有喝酒，而是观察醉酒的人，并为他正在写的一篇论文做笔记。
He decided to quit his fraternity after his sophomore year because he was falling so far behind in the school work.
大二结束后，他决定退出兄弟会，因为他的学业严重落后。
His frat threw parties not two, not three, but four nights a week, which is typical here.
他的兄弟会每周举办聚会不是两个晚上，不是三个晚上，而是四个晚上，这在这里很常见。
Every Thursday, Friday, Saturday, huge parties.
每周四、周五、周六都有大型聚会。
Something every Wednesday.
每个星期三都有事。
And then all the other days, something going on.
然后接下来的所有日子里，都发生了一些事情。
You know, come in from a day of class, and you know, my three or four best friends are all playing beer pong, for instance.
你知道，一天上课回来后，你知道，我的三四个最好的朋友都在玩啤酒乒乓球。
It got to the point where I was like, this isn't a good place for me to be to achieve.
我当时想，这对我来说不是一个实现目标的好地方。
You know, there are nights that I'd have to wear my headphones to try to study because it would be so loud, and just live in the library most of the time.
你知道，有些晚上我不得不戴上耳机来学习，因为声音太大了，而且大部分时间都住在图书馆里。
You know, I've had to cut the circuit breaker on people's rooms before, because it's four AM and they won't turn off their music.
你知道，我以前曾不得不切断人们房间的断路器，因为现在是凌晨四点，他们不会关掉音乐。
And you see fights.
你会看到打架。
You know, I've seen people sent to the hospital for things as petty as, you knocked my drink out of my hand.
你知道，我见过有人因为一些小事被送进医院，比如你把我手里的饮料打落了。
I saw a kid stop breathing from alcohol poisoning.
我看到一个孩子因酒精中毒而停止呼吸。
It's all-- it's amazing, the things that go on there.
这一切——太神奇了，那里发生的事情。
That it operates legally, I find, is incredible.
我发现它的合法运作令人难以置信。
In the surveys of students done by the school, a fourth of Penn State students say that drinking has caused them to miss class get behind with their school work.
在学校对学生进行的调查中，四分之一的宾夕法尼亚州立大学学生表示，饮酒导致他们旷课、学业落后。
15% say they've been pushed, hit, or assaulted.
15% 的人表示他们曾被推搡、殴打或殴打。
7% said drinking lead to an unwanted sexual experience.
7% 的人表示饮酒会导致不良的性经历。
6% said they'd gotten into what you would call a real, physical fight.
6% 的人表示他们陷入了所谓的真正的肢体冲突。
And there are crimes that you never hear of unless you live in a place like State College.
有些犯罪行为你永远不会听说过，除非你住在州立学院这样的地方。
Our daughter came into the kitchen while we were in the midst of hurriedly getting everything done and said something to the effect of, Mommy, I want to play in my room.
当我们正忙着做完所有事情时，我们的女儿走进厨房，说了一些大意是：妈妈，我想在我的房间里玩。
Can you please get that man out of my bed?
你能把那个男人从我床上弄起来吗？
And I remember having said something to the effect of, there's no man in your bed.
我记得我说过一句话，大意是，你床上没有男人。
And she actually went away and came back a few minutes later.
她实际上就走了，几分钟后又回来了。
So I guess she went up to check, and she comes down.
所以我猜她上去检查了一下，然后就下来了。
There is a man in my bed, and I want to play in my room.
我的床上有一个男人，我想在我的房间里玩。
Would you please get him out of there?
请你带他离开那里好吗？
This is a long time State College resident named Nina White.
这是州立大学的一位长期居住者，名叫尼娜·怀特（Nina White）。
And the man on the bed, of course, was a college student who committed a surprisingly common crime in this town.
当然，床上的那个人是一名大学生，他在这个小镇上犯下了令人惊讶的常见罪行。
He came to her house drunk, found a comfortable place, and fell asleep.
他醉醺醺地来到她家，找了个舒服的地方，就睡着了。
Because of incidents like this, the population at Penn State who seem the most exercised about student drinking right now is local residents who live near the students.
由于此类事件，宾夕法尼亚州立大学目前对学生饮酒最敏感的人似乎是居住在学生附近的当地居民。
They've been organizing and trying to pass new laws.
他们一直在组织并试图通过新的法律。
Some of them admit that dealing with so many drunk kids so many months in a row has turned them into something that they are not proud to be.
他们中的一些人承认，连续几个月与这么多喝醉的孩子打交道，已经让他们变得不值得骄傲。
One neighbor, Laird Jones, told me he knows it's driving him a little batty.
一位邻居莱尔德·琼斯告诉我，他知道这让他有点抓狂。
I don't know if you heard when you came in, but I have motion sensors out there.
我不知道你进来时是否听到，但我那里有运动传感器。
So I can hear an alarm, and I know which point in the yard they came in, so I can just see what's going on.
这样我就可以听到警报声，并且知道他们来自院子里的哪个位置，这样我就可以看到发生了什么。
Glaird lives right in the middle of the fraternities, right on the same block.
格莱尔德住在兄弟会的中间，就在同一个街区。
And he puts up with so much noise, and so many kids kicking in his fence, and drenching his yard with pee, and so many incidents with bloody kids, injured kids, kids who are high, parties next door with hundreds of kids that wouldn't end, then he delivered these all like a series of the macabre one-liners in the most disturbing stand-up act ever.
他忍受了如此多的噪音，这么多的孩子踢他的栅栏，小便弄湿了他的院子，这么多的事件，包括流血的孩子、受伤的孩子、吸毒的孩子、隔壁有数百个孩子的聚会永无休止，然后他在有史以来最令人不安的单口喜剧中讲了一系列令人毛骨悚然的俏皮话。
Sample?
样本？
One of the things you learn here in your yard is if you see a tampon, you have to get a stick and find the condom.
你在院子里学到的一件事是，如果你看到卫生棉条，你必须拿一根棍子找到避孕套。
That is so gross.
那太恶心了。
Glaird Jones I think I'm a lot more callous about human suffering, and I've sort of taken this attitude that the only way they're going to learn is to get hurt.
格莱尔德·琼斯 我认为我对人类的苦难更加冷酷无情，而且我采取了这样的态度：他们学习的唯一方法就是受到伤害。
I mean, I was walking home with my son on Sunday, past the frat house up the street.
我的意思是，周日我和儿子一起步行回家，经过街上的兄弟会房子。
And for fun, they were throwing furniture off the roof.
为了好玩，他们把家具从屋顶扔下来。
Which is actually kind of fun.
这实际上很有趣。
It's just, when it all hit the ground, they got out lighter fluid and soaked it and lit it on fire.
只是，当它全部落地时，他们拿出打火机液体，将其浸泡并点燃。
In a yard full of dry leaves ten feet away from a parked car.
在距离停着的汽车十英尺远的一个满是干树叶的院子里。
And I thought to myself, you know, should I call?
我心想，你知道，我应该打电话吗？
Or should I just get my son out of the way let them learn?
或者我应该让我的儿子让开，让他们学习？
That buzzing, of course, was the motion-activated sensors pointed at his yard.
当然，这种嗡嗡声是指向他院子的动作激活传感器发出的。
For now, anyway, most of the students seem to go to classes, get an education, and drink pretty happily.
无论如何，目前大多数学生似乎都在愉快地上课、接受教育、喝酒。
And the people who are learning something, and changing, and making resolutions because of the drinking so far mostly seem to be the neighbors.
到目前为止，那些因为喝酒而学习一些东西、改变并做出决定的人似乎大多是邻居。
Coming up-- why delivery guys don't like to deliver Buffalo wings in State College, Pennsylvania.
即将推出——为什么送货员不喜欢在宾夕法尼亚州州立学院送货水牛城鸡翅。
Also--
还有——
[GROWL] Thank you, mountain lion.
[咆哮] 谢谢你，山狮。
Have we mentioned that the name of the football team is the Nittany Lions?
我们有没有提到过，足球队的名字是尼塔尼狮子队？
I know a lot of you knew that anyway.
无论如何，我知道你们很多人都知道这一点。
That's in a minute from Chicago Public Radio and Public Radio International when our program continues.
一分钟后，芝加哥公共广播电台和国际公共广播电台将继续我们的节目。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Each week on our show, of course, we choose a theme, bring you different kinds of stories on that theme.
当然，我们的节目每周都会选择一个主题，为您带来有关该主题的不同类型的故事。
Today's show, "#1 Party School." We spent a football weekend at Penn State University to see life at one of the big partying state schools.
今天的节目“#1党校”。我们在宾夕法尼亚州立大学度过了一个橄榄球周末，看看一所大型派对州立学校的生活。
We have now arrived at Act Two.
现在我们已经到了第二幕了。
Act Two.
第二幕。
"If God Isn't a Penn State Fan, Then Why is The Sky Blue and White."
“如果上帝不是宾夕法尼亚州立大学的球迷，那为什么天空是蓝白色的。”
All of our names today, by the way, are things seen on bumper stickers, T-shirts, and shot glasses in the State College area.
顺便说一句，今天我们所有的名字都出现在州立大学地区的保险杠贴纸、T 恤和小酒杯上。
One of the ways that the town of State College is actually an unusual, special place, its own little kind of cultural ecosystem, like a little microclimate in the middle of Pennsylvania, is that because of the University, it is in only county in the state whose GDP grew in 2008.
州立学院镇实际上是一个不寻常的、特殊的地方，有自己的小文化生态系统，就像宾夕法尼亚州中部的一个小气候，其中一个原因是，由于这所大学，它是该州唯一一个 2008 年 GDP 增长的县。
It also has the lowest unemployment rate of any county in the state.
它也是该州失业率最低的县。
Part of this prosperity is because the University is growing.
这种繁荣的部分原因是大学的不断发展。
Enrollment is up, even during the recession.
即使在经济衰退期间，入学人数也在增加。
But one member of our staff, Nancy Updike, spent a few days going around to area businesses, and she found that they have adapted to the very specialized needs of the nation's number one party school.
但我们的一位员工南希·厄普代克花了几天时间走访了地区企业，她发现他们已经适应了全国第一党校的非常专业的需求。
Here's what you learned.
这就是您学到的内容。
Here are six tips for running a business in State College, PA.
以下是在宾夕法尼亚州州立学院经营企业的六个技巧。
Six tips, all kinds of businesses, with supporting illustrations.
六大秘诀，各类业务，并附有插图。
Tip one.
提示一。
Keep up.
赶上。
This is McLanahan's, a sprawling Hearst Castle of a store.
这是麦克拉纳汉百货公司 (McLanahan's)，这是一家规模庞大的赫斯特城堡式商店。
It's your basic drugstore- deli- produce market- hardware- underwear- beer pong- stationary- grocery- Penn State merchandise emporium, which over the years has acquired and absorbed the stores that used to be next to it to the point where it's bought up everything it can, and the only way left to expand is to cram more stuff everywhere.
这是基本的药店-熟食店-农产品市场-五金制品-内衣-啤酒乒乓球-文具-杂货店-宾夕法尼亚州立大学商品商场，这些年来，它收购并吸收了以前旁边的商店，直到它买下了所有能买的东西，而剩下的扩张的唯一方法就是到处塞满更多的东西。
And there's always something clamoring for more space.
总有一些人要求更多的空间。
McLanahan's owner Ray Agostinelli says that over and over again, he's had to stock way up on some usually sleepy object that has suddenly become a crazy hot seller.
麦克拉纳汉的主人雷·阿戈斯蒂内利 (Ray Agostinelli) 表示，他不得不一次又一次地囤积一些平时不起眼的物品，而这些物品突然变得疯狂热销。
Well, it happened one time with marshmallows.
嗯，有一次棉花糖就发生过这样的事。
And all of a sudden, all the marshmallows were gone.
突然之间，所有的棉花糖都消失了。
And here what it was, is that they'd take them to the football games, and they were throwing marshmallows.
事情是这样的，他们会带他们去看足球比赛，他们会扔棉花糖。
You said people were throwing marshmallows onto the field?
你说人们把棉花糖扔到田野上？
Oh yeah, they were getting pretty dangerous with them.
哦，是的，他们和他们在一起变得非常危险。
This wasn't too good.
这不太好。
And they got outlawed.
他们被取缔了。
But the kids would come in and buy all the marshmallows, and we said, wait a minute.
但孩子们会进来买所有的棉花糖，我们说，等一下。
We never sold them any marshmallows.
我们从来没有卖给他们任何棉花糖。
What?
什么？
But just whatever the crazes are, you have to keep up with and be there.
但无论狂热是什么，你都必须跟上并在那里。
And then there are the crazes that never go away.
还有永远不会消失的狂热。
Sex.
性别。
One of the McLanahan's many frank and non-judgmental offerings is its display right out front that is condoms on top, lubricant in the middle, pregnancy tests on the bottom.
麦克拉纳汉的众多坦率和非评判性的产品之一是它的正面展示，上面是避孕套，中间是润滑剂，底部是妊娠测试。
Ray takes me into one of the two Penn State merchandise sections of the store.
雷带我走进商店的两个宾夕法尼亚州立大学商品区之一。
It's a full sensory experience.
这是一次完整的感官体验。
That's a CD of the school's band in the background.
背景是学校乐队的 CD。
There seven different kinds of car air fresheners with the Penn State logo, pacifiers, a steering wheel cover.
有七种不同的带有宾夕法尼亚州立大学标志的汽车空气清新剂、奶嘴、方向盘套。
Ray, are you ever amazed at something, you never knew that the Penn State logo could be put on it?
雷，你是否曾经对某件事感到惊讶，你从来不知道上面可以贴上宾夕法尼亚州立大学的标志？
I just saw a remote control, a TV remote.
我刚看到一个遥控器，一个电视遥控器。
You put it on here and it will sell.
你把它放在这里，它就会卖掉。
You put it on your microphone, it will sell.
你把它放在麦克风上，它就会出售。
In the almost 50 years Ray has been working at McLanahan's-- he bought it from Bob McLanahan 40 years ago-- Ray has seen the Penn State merchandise in his store go from almost an afterthought, maybe one rack of sweatshirts, to being a third of his business.
近 50 年来，雷一直在麦克拉纳汉店工作（40 年前，他从鲍勃·麦克拉纳汉那里买了这家店）。雷亲眼目睹了他店里宾夕法尼亚州立大学的商品从几乎是事后才想到的、也许是一排运动衫，变成了他业务的三分之一。
The only downside is--
唯一的缺点是——
If Penn State would have a losing season, sales drop dramatically.
如果宾夕法尼亚州立大学经历了一个失败的赛季，销售额就会急剧下降。
Oh, is that true?
哦，是这样吗？
Ray Agostinelli Oh my gosh.
雷·阿戈斯蒂内利 天哪。
You can't imagine.
你无法想象。
You can't imagine.
你无法想象。
Ray says if Penn State loses one football game, sales of Penn State merch at McLanahan's go down 20%.
雷说，如果宾夕法尼亚州立大学输掉一场橄榄球比赛，麦克拉纳汉店的宾夕法尼亚州立大学商品销售额就会下降 20%。
Not for a day, for a week.
不是一天，是一周。
And sometimes even longer, until the next winning game.
有时甚至更长，直到下一场获胜比赛。
Which brings us to Marrara's, the dry cleaner up the street.
这把我们带到了街上的马拉拉干洗店。
Just about every business owner and employee I talked to said business was significantly down because of Penn State's loss to Ohio State the week before.
几乎所有与我交谈过的企业主和员工都表示，由于宾夕法尼亚州立大学上周输给了俄亥俄州立大学，生意大幅下滑。
But at the dry cleaner, no mention of this.
但在干洗店，没有提及这一点。
Parties happen every weekend, win or lose, and that means some people will end up talking to Roberta at Marrara's, who after 18 years at the store is functionally psychic.
每个周末都会举办派对，无论输赢，这意味着有些人最终会在 Marrara's 与罗伯塔交谈，而罗伯塔在这家店工作了 18 年，在功能上已经具有通灵能力。
You know, if they've thrown up or something like that, they're not going to admit that that's what has happened.
你知道，如果他们呕吐或类似的事情，他们不会承认这就是发生的事情。
Do you have a way of telling if it's-- you're nodding.
你有办法判断是不是——你在点头吗？
Yes, I have ways.
是的，我有办法。
What is--
什么是——
Well, if they put it in a plastic bag, the garment's in a plastic bag, and they don't want to open it, I don't want to open it, either.
好吧，如果他们把它放在塑料袋里，衣服就放在塑料袋里，他们不想打开它，我也不想打开它。
Is that what you tell them, literally?
你真的是这么告诉他们的吗？
If you don't want to take it out, I don't want to take it out?
你不想拿出来，我就不拿出来？
Right.
正确的。
We won't clean anything that has vomit or animal urine or anything like that on it.
我们不会清洁任何有呕吐物或动物尿液或类似物品的东西。
In case anyone's wondering, women students usually bring the vomit, male students the urine, animal or otherwise.
如果有人想知道的话，女学生通常会带来呕吐物，男学生通常会带来尿液、动物或其他东西。
Every Friday and Saturday night after midnight, when the drink specials at the bars are over, Canyon Pizza starts getting a loud, amped-up line of students down the block.
每周五和周六晚上午夜过后，当酒吧的特价饮品结束时，Canyon Pizza 店的学生们就会在街区里排起长队。
The business model at Canyon Pizza is straight-up, no-frills genius.
Canyon Pizza 的商业模式是直截了当、朴实无华的天才。
Slices are a dollar a piece.
切片一美元一块。
After 11 PM, it's cheese only.
晚上 11 点之后，就只有奶酪了。
And every time the pretty women behind the counter get a tip, they hit a giant tip gong.
每当柜台后面的漂亮女人得到小费时，她们就会敲响一个巨大的小费锣。
Canyon Pizza also delivers until four in the morning on weekends, and the deliveries are a whole separate world, deserving their own business tip.
周末，Canyon Pizza 还会送货到凌晨四点，而且送货是一个完全不同的世界，值得他们自己的商业小费。
So tip four-- be aware of fists and wings.
所以秘诀四——注意拳头和翅膀。
One of the delivery guys is Alex Moore.
亚历克斯·摩尔（Alex Moore）是送货员之一。
He's going on a run in his black Saturn Ion, which was new when he started doing deliveries almost three years ago, but it's taking some abuse after being parked in front of Canyon Pizza and its nighttime crowds weekend after weekend.
他开着他的黑色土星离子车去跑步，这辆汽车在他大约三年前开始送货时还是新鲜事，但在一个又一个周末停在峡谷披萨店及其夜间人群前后，它受到了一些虐待。
I'm actually working on a Canyon Pizza video game.
我实际上正在开发一款峡谷披萨视频游戏。
Yeah, I'm serious.
是的，我是认真的。
It's called "30 Minutes or Less."
这就是所谓的“30 分钟或更少”。
The point to deliver a pizza through all sorts of obstacles?
穿过各种障碍送披萨有什么意义？
Yep.
是的。
The point is deliver pizza.
重点是送披萨。
You know, you have to avoid all the drunk people, and when they do stuff to your car and stuff, you've got to pay for it.
你知道，你必须避开所有醉酒的人，当他们对你的车做坏事时，你必须为此付出代价。
All kinds of-- very realistic delivery driving game.
各种——非常逼真的送货驾驶游戏。
People throw ranch all over my car.
人们把牧场扔在我的车上。
I have footprints on the back of my car right now because some kid was jumping up and down on it.
我的车后面有脚印，因为有一个孩子在上面跳来跳去。
Yeah.
是的。
It rots the paint off your car.
它会腐蚀你汽车上的油漆。
And people spit all over my car pretty much every night.
几乎每天晚上都有人向我的车吐口水。
And yeah.
是的。
Someone kicked in this window, so it doesn't roll down correctly anymore.
有人踢了这个窗户，所以它不再正确地滚下来。
Recently some kid broke my jaw.
最近有一个孩子打断了我的下巴。
Oh my God, Alex!
天哪，亚历克斯！
Alex Moore Yeah.
亚历克斯·摩尔 是的。
His friend was punching dents in one of the other delivery' driver's cars and I went to chase him down.
他的朋友正在另一辆送货司机的车上打凹痕，我去追他。
Some random kid broke my jaw on the way.
路上某个随机的孩子打断了我的下巴。
So I had to have my jaw wired shut for two months.
所以我不得不用铁丝把我的下巴封起来两个月。
Oh my God.
我的天啊。
Alex Moore Yeah.
亚历克斯·摩尔 是的。
So I got stories.
所以我有故事。
One second.
一秒钟。
Alex stops to deliver a pizza.
亚历克斯停下来送披萨。
Actually two extra larges and pepperoni rolls.
实际上是两个特大号和意大利辣香肠卷。
He says he's never had a drink in his life.
他说他这辈子从来没有喝过酒。
Just not interested.
只是不感兴趣。
Alex is 22.
亚历克斯 22 岁。
He's studying game simulation and computer programming at DeVry online.
他正在 DeVry 在线学习游戏模拟和计算机编程。
Look closely at his hoodie.
仔细看看他的连帽衫。
It's Pac-Man.
这是吃豆人。
Pizza delivery has been a good job while he's finishing up his degree.
在他完成学位期间，送披萨是一份不错的工作。
The only food Alex says he doesn't like to deliver is wings.
亚历克斯说他唯一不喜欢送的食物是鸡翅。
Canyon Pizza has a sister store, Canyon Wings, and Alex says that mysteriously, people don't tip for wings.
峡谷披萨有一家姊妹店，峡谷鸡翅，亚历克斯说，奇怪的是，人们不会为鸡翅付小费。
He says most of the time he gets a dollar or nothing at all.
他说大多数时候他只能得到一美元或者什么也得不到。
Just stiffed.
刚刚僵硬了。
Which is a bummer.
这真是太糟糕了。
Nancy Updike On wings.
南希·厄普代克 长着翅膀。
Yeah.
是的。
And the only reason I say that is because I had a friend who worked at Damons who delivered wings too, and he got the same thing.
我这么说的唯一原因是因为我有一个在达蒙斯工作的朋友也提供了翅膀，他也得到了同样的东西。
A dollar or stiffed.
一美元还是僵硬的。
I don't know.
我不知道。
It must just be a thing with wings.
它一定只是一个有翅膀的东西。
I really don't know.
我真的不知道。
Tip five.
秘诀五。
Keep it cheap.
保持便宜。
In Pennsylvania, beer is only sold in certain stores.
在宾夕法尼亚州，啤酒仅在某些商店出售。
It's not sold in grocery stores, and it's not sold in the places that sell liquor and wine.
杂货店里没有卖，卖酒的地方也没有卖。
This is just how Pennsylvania does things.
这就是宾夕法尼亚州做事的方式。
It's been this way since the end of Prohibition.
自禁酒令结束以来一直如此。
So Paul Pletcher owns Pletcher's, one of the beer stores in State College.
因此，保罗·普莱彻 (Paul Pletcher) 拥有州立学院 (State College) 的一家啤酒店 Pletcher's。
It's a family business.
这是一个家族企业。
Paul's father lured him away from teaching middle school math.
保罗的父亲引诱他放弃了中学数学教学。
And over the last 15 years or so, Paul has witnessed a strange trend in student drinking-- the ascendance, and eventual dominance, of light beer.
在过去 15 年左右的时间里，保罗目睹了学生饮酒的一种奇怪趋势——淡啤酒的崛起，并最终占据主导地位。
As Paul remembers it, it went from Coors Light to Miller Lite to Bud Light and now--
保罗记得，它从 Coors Light 到 Miller Lite 再到 Bud Light，现在——
The most popular beer in State College right now I believe is Natural Light.
我认为目前州立学院最受欢迎的啤酒是 Natural Light。
It's inexpensive and very popular among the students.
它价格便宜，很受学生欢迎。
Natural Light, aka Natty Light, is way beyond "very popular" among Penn State students.
自然光，又名自然光，在宾夕法尼亚州立大学的学生中远远超出了“非常受欢迎”的范围。
It laps every other beer.
它超越了所有其他啤酒。
Even though apparently no one likes it, including the students at Pletcher's who are buying it.
尽管显然没有人喜欢它，包括购买它的普莱彻学院的学生。
It's pretty bad.
情况很糟糕。
Nancy Updike But you have three cases of it.
南希·厄普代克 但你有三种情况。
Well, it's not for me.
嗯，这不适合我。
It's for my friends.
这是给我的朋友们的。
Only in college can you show up with a beer your friends know is bad and still be a hero.
只有在大学里，你才能带着朋友们都知道不好喝的啤酒出现，但仍然是英雄。
Natty Light's sole virtue-- this is according to its own customers-- is that it's cheap.
Natty Light 的唯一优点——这是根据其自己的客户的说法——是价格便宜。
$16.50 a case at Pletcher's.
Pletcher's 售价 16.50 美元一箱。
No one, not a single person I talked to, liked the taste.
没有人，没有一个与我交谈的人喜欢这种味道。
It's terrible.
太可怕了。
Nancy Updike This group of students said that at their party and tailgate, they would have the six cases of Natty Light they were buying, plus another favorite drink, Jungle Juice, which is also--
南希·厄普代克（Nancy Updike）这群学生说，在他们的聚会和尾门上，他们会买六箱 Natty Light，还有另一种最喜欢的饮料，Jungle Juice，它也是——
Oh, it's horrible.
哦，太可怕了。
It's like a lot of Hawaiian Punch, orange juice, pineapple juice, and then two handles of Vladimir Vodka, which is the worst vodka you can possibly get.
这就像很多夏威夷宾治酒、橙汁、菠萝汁，然后是两把弗拉基米尔伏特加，这是你能喝到的最糟糕的伏特加。
That's what I lived on freshman year.
这就是我大一的生活。
It's terrible.
太可怕了。
So basically I'm getting a picture of Penn State that you spend 70% of your time drinking things that you find absolutely repulsive.
所以基本上我得到了宾夕法尼亚州立大学的一张照片，你花了 70% 的时间喝你觉得绝对令人厌恶的东西。
Yeah.
是的。
We like the way they make us feel.
我们喜欢他们给我们带来的感觉。
If there was a drunk button- Nancy Updike Did you catch that?
如果有一个醉酒按钮 - 南希·厄普代克 你注意到了吗？
He said, if there was a drunk button--
他说，如果有一个醉酒按钮——
If there was a drunk button, I would buy one.
如果有一个醉酒按钮，我会买一个。
Press the button.
按下按钮。
Just for the record, if it'd been available, I would have used the drunk button in college.
郑重声明一下，如果有的话，我会在大学时使用醉酒按钮。
Tip six.
秘诀六。
Like your customers.
就像你的客户一样。
There's a bar just up the street from Canyon Pizza called The Brewery.
Canyon Pizza 街对面有一家名为 The Brewery 的酒吧。
It's a dive.
这是一次潜水。
Literally.
字面上地。
It's in a basement.
它在地下室。
The main owner is Ray Rocky who grew up in Pennsylvania and went to Penn State undergrad and grad school.
主要所有者是雷·洛基（Ray Rocky），他在宾夕法尼亚州长大，并就读于宾夕法尼亚州立大学本科和研究生。
He started tending bar as a student.
他在学生时代就开始经营酒吧。
When I got the business like 17, 18 years ago, we were probably 80%, 85% beer in sales over the bar.
当我 17、18 年前开始做这家生意时，我们的啤酒销量可能有 80%、85% 都超过了酒吧。
Now we're probably 80% to 90% liquor.
现在我们大概80%到90%都是酒。
It's completely shifted.
完全变了。
Ray Rocke Yeah.
雷·洛克 是的。
Ray says there are many reasons for this tectonic change in student drinking habits.
雷说，学生饮酒习惯发生这种结构性变化的原因有很多。
He says beer is at a disadvantage at the University generally since Penn State banned kegs at fraternities, dorms, and tailgates.
他说，自从宾夕法尼亚州立大学禁止在兄弟会、宿舍和车尾门处使用小桶啤酒以来，啤酒在大学里普遍处于不利地位。
And Ray says in his experience, promotional reps for liquors like Bacardi or Captain Morgan do a lot more on-site promotions, giving away T-shirts and such, than beer labels do.
雷表示，根据他的经验，像百加得或摩根船长这样的酒类促销代表会比啤酒品牌做更多的现场促销活动，比如赠送 T 恤等。
And the promotions work.
并且促销活动有效。
They push sales toward liquor.
他们推动酒类销售。
There's also lots of liquor now that's flavored-- more fruit punch than bourbon.
现在还有很多调味酒——水果宾治比波本威士忌更多。
And Ray says the 21 year olds he sees in his bar seem to come in already much more used to drinking liquor than beer.
雷说，他在酒吧里看到的 21 岁年轻人似乎已经更习惯喝白酒而不是啤酒。
It mixes well with soda or red bull, and it's easier to hide.
它与苏打水或红牛混合得很好，而且更容易隐藏。
You know, you get a flask of Captain Morgan, you get the bottles, the plastic bottles, I don't know if you've seen them, they're shaped like a flask.
你知道，你得到一瓶摩根船长，你得到瓶子，塑料瓶，我不知道你是否见过它们，它们的形状像一个烧瓶。
You could put one of them in your pocket.
您可以将其中之一放入口袋中。
You can't carry a case of beer in your pocket.
你不能在口袋里装一箱啤酒。
The result of more liquor and less beer, according to Ray?
根据雷的说法，这是更多白酒和更少啤酒的结果？
Before, I'd say, 15 years ago, there were more people that got drunk.
我想说的是，15年前，喝醉酒的人更多。
But now there are less people getting drunk, but of the ones that get drunk, they're a lot worse.
但现在喝醉的人少了，但喝醉的人却严重了很多。
So Ray does see students getting what he calls "stupid drunk." But most don't do that, he says.
所以雷确实看到学生们喝醉了，他称之为“愚蠢的醉酒”。但他说，大多数人并不这样做。
Like a lot of the business owners I talked to, Ray likes that the students are having a good time.
和我交谈过的许多企业主一样，雷喜欢学生们度过的愉快时光。
He likes the students, period.
他喜欢学生，就这样。
They're fun to be around.
和他们在一起很有趣。
You know?
你知道？
I mean, they're all young.
我的意思是，他们都很年轻。
The energy level.
能量水平。
You can't help but be in a good mood when you come in and everybody is-- you know, these people don't really have what I would call real problems, you know, in the real world problems, or outside the bubble that is State College.
当你进来时，你会情不自禁地心情愉快，每个人都——你知道，这些人并没有真正遇到我所说的真正的问题，你知道，在现实世界的问题中，或者在州立学院的泡沫之外。
You go into a bar, and people have real issues.
你走进一家酒吧，人们就会遇到真正的问题。
You know, they're going through divorces, they're going through problems at work.
你知道，他们正在经历离婚，他们正在经历工作问题。
I mean, talk to any college kid, they figure they've got their life ahead of them, they're going to make big money, they're going to change the world, they're going to do everything they want.
我的意思是，与任何大学生交谈，他们认为自己的生活就在前方，他们会赚大钱，他们会改变世界，他们会做他们想做的一切。
The world hasn't kicked them in the ass yet.
世界还没有踢他们的屁股。
They haven't been beaten down, whatever you want to call it.
他们没有被打败，不管你怎么称呼它。
Will they get a little mouthier than they should?
他们会变得比应有的多嘴吗？
Sure.
当然。
But I'd rather have a student that has a little bit of an edge to him than a bunch of people that hate the world, and they're just not happy.
但我宁愿有一个对他有一点优势的学生，也不愿有一群讨厌这个世界的人，而他们只是不快乐。
Nancy Updike.
南希·厄普代克。
Act Three: Talk To The Paw Ira Glass Act Three.
第三幕：与 Paw Ira Glass 交谈 第三幕。
Talk to the Paw.
与爪子交谈。
In 2009, the same year Penn State was ranked the number one party school in the country, the town of State College was ranked the safest metropolitan area in the country by Congressional Quarterly.
2009年，同年宾夕法尼亚州立大学被评为全国第一党校，州立学院镇被《国会季刊》评为全国最安全的大都市区。
Murder and other serious crimes are almost nonexistent.
谋杀和其他严重犯罪几乎不存在。
But as you've heard, of course, that doesn't mean that the streets are quiet.
但正如您所听到的，当然，这并不意味着街道很安静。
There's so much activity that 47% of the town's budget go into police services, which is high for a town this size.
该镇的活动如此之多，以至于 47% 的预算都用于警察服务，这对于一个如此规模的城镇来说是很高的。
On the Saturday night that we were in town, 24 officers were on duty patrolling in cars, on bikes, on foot.
周六晚上，我们在城里，有 24 名警察在值班，他们开车、骑自行车、步行巡逻。
And that's just to cover the town.
这只是为了覆盖整个城镇。
The University has its own police force patrolling the campus.
大学有自己的警察部队在校园巡逻。
One of our producers, Aaron Scott, rode along with one of the town's officers for the night shift.
我们的一位制片人亚伦·斯科特 (Aaron Scott) 与镇上的一位官员一起上夜班。
Officer Martin Hanes tells me the job's all about repetition.
马丁·哈内斯警官告诉我，这项工作就是重复。
From 10 to 12, students start flooding the streets.
从10点到12点，学生开始涌上街道。
From 12 to 2, he deals with loud parties, fake IDs, and underage drinking.
从 12 点到 2 点，他要应对喧闹的派对、假身份证和未成年人饮酒等问题。
2 to 3 is usually when you get a lot of the DUIs, because the bars have just closed, and a lot more fights.
2 到 3 点通常是你酒后驾车的时候，因为酒吧刚刚关门，而且打架的情况也很多。
Then 3 on is, I always say it's our victim hour.
然后三点钟，我总是说这是我们的受害者时间。
It's when we go to the hospital, a lot of times.
这是我们去医院的时候，很多次。
And usually at 4 after is when get our drunk kid in the house.
通常在四点之后，我们就可以把醉酒的孩子带回家。
Drunk kid in the house.
孩子喝醉了在家里。
That's what you heard about earlier on the show, where some drunken student stumbles into, if not breaks into, a stranger's house.
这就是你在节目早些时候听到的，一些喝醉的学生跌跌撞撞地走进（如果不是闯入的话）一个陌生人的房子。
Center county 30 to 61.
中心县30至61。
Aaron Scott Arrest for public drunkenness and underage drinking have increased 5% this fall.
今年秋天，亚伦·斯科特 (Aaron Scott) 因公共场合醉酒和未成年人饮酒而被捕的人数增加了 5%。
Officer Hanes blames the number one party school ranking, at least in part.
哈内斯警官将其归咎于党校排名第一，至少部分归咎于此。
Students see it as a national title they have to defend.
学生们将其视为他们必须捍卫的国家头衔。
People are proud, like sports teams are proud.
人们感到自豪，就像运动队感到自豪一样。
We're number one.
我们是第一。
The number one drinking school.
排名第一的饮酒学校。
Let's show them what it's like.
让我们向他们展示一下这是什么样的。
So it's 12:30, and the bouncer outside Indigo, the town's biggest dance club, flags us down.
现在是 12:30，镇上最大的舞蹈俱乐部 Indigo 外面的保镖示意我们停下来。
He says a guy tried to pass off a license that wasn't his, and then fled into a hotel two doors down.
他说，一个人试图冒充不属于他的驾照，然后逃进两扇门外的一家酒店。
The bouncer leads us into the hotel and up the stairs to a bar.
保镖带领我们进入酒店，然后上楼梯来到一家酒吧。
He checks the bathroom and says the guy's inside.
他检查了浴室，说那个人在里面。
We all go in and find him standing alone at a urinal.
我们都进去，发现他独自站在小便池前。
You have ID on you?
你身上有身份证吗？
Why are you trying to pass off somebody else's ID?
为什么要冒用别人的身份证？
Sir, I have one ID on me.
先生，我身上只有一张身份证。
Martin Hanes You saying this gentleman's lying?
马丁·哈内斯：你说这位先生在撒谎？
All right.
好的。
Do me a favor.
帮我一个忙。
Put your hands behind your back.
将双手放在背后。
We're going to place you under arrest, OK?
我们要逮捕你，好吗？
Are you serious?
你是认真的？
Martin Hanes I'm dead serious.
马丁·汉斯 我是认真的。
Officer Hanes is generally pretty nice to the students, but because the kid ran and is now lying, he switched over to hardass cop.
哈内斯警官一般对学生们都很好，但因为那孩子跑了，现在又撒谎了，他就换成了强硬的警察。
Presenting a fake ID.
出示假身份证。
Nick Sir, I don't have a fake ID.
尼克先生，我没有假身份证。
Now you're lying to me.
现在你在骗我。
Aaron Scott Officer Hanes takes him out of the hotel and puts him in the car.
艾伦·斯科特警官哈内斯把他带出酒店并把他放进车里。
Then, because the cop car sometimes riles up the crowd in front of the club, Officer Hanes drives down the block and pulls into a parking lot to write up the guy.
然后，由于警车有时会激怒俱乐部前面的人群，汉斯警官就开车沿着街区开进停车场，去记录这个人。
I'll call them Nick.
我称他们为尼克。
He's skinny, clean cut, and despite his initial denial, he caves quickly and cooperates.
他身材瘦削，轮廓分明，尽管他最初否认，但他很快就屈服并配合。
You're not a student at all?
你根本就不是学生？
Nick No. I'm visiting my cousin.
尼克 不，我要去拜访我的表弟。
You've visiting your cousin?
你去看望你的表弟了吗？
Where's he at?
他在哪儿？
She is out and about.
她出去了。
Aaron Scott In the middle of writing the citation, Officer Hanes looks up and stops.
亚伦·斯科特 (Aaron Scott) 在写传票的过程中，汉斯警官抬起头，然后停了下来。
A guy in a hoodie just walked into a parking lot on the other side of the alley.
一个穿着连帽衫的家伙刚刚走进小巷另一边的停车场。
To your right here, in about two seconds, someone's going to be peeing in public.
在你的右边，大约两秒钟后，就会有人在公共场合小便。
Officer Hanes has been at this for three and a half years.
汉斯警官从事这项工作已经三年半了。
He knows where the drunk kids go to pee, where they'll run if they think he's chasing them, the tricks they'll use to hide their open containers.
他知道醉酒的孩子们会去哪里小便，如果他们认为他在追他们，他们会跑到哪里，他们会用什么技巧来隐藏打开的容器。
He's like a biologist who's catalogued this species' full range of behavior.
他就像一位生物学家，对这个物种的全部行为进行了分类。
And it's an oddly biological job.
这是一项奇怪的生物学工作。
His arrests revolve around alcohol going into the body, alcohol's effects on the body, and the resulting liquids coming out.
他的逮捕围绕着酒精进入体内、酒精对身体的影响以及由此产生的液体流出而展开。
With Nick in the back of the car, we drive down the alley and pull into a parking lot on the other side.
尼克坐在车后座上，我们沿着小巷行驶，停进了另一边的停车场。
In the back corner is a large green generator.
后面的角落里有一个大型绿色发电机。
He's behind the generator.
他在发电机后面。
Aaron Scott We get out of the car and sure enough, as we approach, a splashing sound.
亚伦·斯科特（Aaron Scott） 我们下了车，果然，当我们走近时，传来了水花四溅的声音。
And then Officer Hanes pulls a hunched student from behind the generator.
然后汉斯警官从发电机后面拉出一名驼背的学生。
He tells the public urinator to sit by the wall while he returns to the car to finish Nick's paperwork.
他让公共小便者坐在墙边，而他则返回车内完成尼克的文书工作。
Since Nick is only one month shy of 21 and cooperative, Officer Hanes says he'll change the charge to disorderly conduct, which means Nick won't lose his license, but will still have to pay a fine.
由于尼克距离 21 岁还差一个月，而且他很合作，哈内斯警官表示，他会将指控改为扰乱治安行为，这意味着尼克不会被吊销驾照，但仍需缴纳罚款。
Do you know how much the fine will be, or no?
你知道罚款多少吗？还是不知道？
It's set by the judge, but it's between $25 to $300.
由法官确定，但在 25 美元到 300 美元之间。
I can.
我可以。
Nick Would you like to throw a 25 only?
尼克 你想只投 25 吗？
Well, that's going to have to take place at the court.
嗯，这必须在法庭上进行。
I'm on a budget.
我有预算。
Martin Hanes All right, man.
马丁·哈内斯 好吧，伙计。
Can I get that ID back?
我可以拿回那个身份证吗？
Martin Hanes No, you can't.
马丁·哈内斯 不，你不能。
As Nick leaves, he tries to shake hands.
尼克离开时，他试图握手。
Thank you very much, sir.
非常感谢您，先生。
Martin Hanes I know.
马丁·哈内斯 我知道。
Take it easy, all right?
放轻松，好吗？
Did you use the bathroom up there and did you wash your hands?
你用过那里的浴室吗？你洗手了吗？
Of course I washed my hands.
我当然洗手了。
Of course I was faking going to pee.
当然，我假装要尿尿。
Sorry about that.
对此感到抱歉。
Hanes tells me avoiding questionable handshakes is a regular hazard of the job.
哈内斯告诉我，避免有问题的握手是这项工作的常见危险。
The public urinator also offered his.
公共小便者也提供了他的。
Sorry, but if you were just caught urinating, I'm not shaking your hands.
抱歉，如果你刚刚小便被发现，我不会和你握手。
I think I scared him enough that he splashed himself, and probably splashed his hand.
我想我吓到他了，他溅到了自己身上，可能还溅到了他的手。
There's a bottle of Purell in the driver's door compartment.
驾驶员车门隔间里有一瓶 Purell。
But not everyone deals with is so civil.
但并不是每个人打交道都那么文明。
Maybe it's because they're drunk.
也许是因为他们喝醉了。
But you know that deferential respect and anxiety most people feel when dealing with cops?
但你知道大多数人在与警察打交道时都会感到恭敬和焦虑吗？
That gets chucked out the window more than you think.
这比你想象的更容易被抛到窗外。
A few months back, Officer Hanes was pulling out of a parking deck to answer a call when three girls stopped him, waving their arms and screaming for help.
几个月前，汉斯警官正从停车场出来接电话，三个女孩拦住了他，挥舞着手臂，尖叫着求救。
And I said, do you need help or something?
我说，你需要帮助吗？
Is anything going on?
有什么事吗？
They said, we need a ride.
他们说，我们需要搭车。
Can you give us a ride?
你能载我们一程吗？
I said, no, I'm not a taxi.
我说，不，我不是出租车。
I can't give you a ride.
我不能载你一程。
You need to call a taxicab.
您需要叫出租车。
And they started yelling at me, you know, Why can't you give me a ride?
他们开始对我大喊大叫，你知道，为什么你不能载我一程？
Quite being a, you know, a-hole and all that.
你知道，就是个混蛋之类的。
And then one girl started climbing in through the window.
然后一个女孩开始从窗户爬进来。
So I yelled at her to get out of car or she was going to be arrested, she got mad and she went to the back of my car when I started pulling in.
所以我对她大喊，让她下车，否则她就会被逮捕，她很生气，当我开始停车时，她走到了我车的后面。
I heard a loud thump.
我听到一声巨响。
She punched me around the side.
她从侧面打了我一拳。
I got out of the car, and she started trying to run away, and her two friends got in front of me and started pushing me back, telling her to run.
我下了车，她开始试图逃跑，她的两个朋友走到我面前，开始把我推开，让她跑。
Center county, 3261.
中心县，3261。
10-8.
10-8。
Aaron Scott By 4 AM, the streets are empty.
亚伦·斯科特 (Aaron Scott) 凌晨 4 点，街道空无一人。
All in all, State College police issued 80 citations this weekend, including 17 for underage drinking.
总而言之，州立大学警方本周末发出了 80 份传票，其中 17 份是因未成年人饮酒而发出的。
Not many, if you consider there were tens of thousands of underaged students drinking at Penn State.
如果你考虑到宾夕法尼亚州立大学有数以万计的未成年学生喝酒的话，这个数字并不多。
Officer Hanes told me he only goes after underage drinkers if they give them a reason, like fighting, carrying an open container, or being just sloppy drunk.
哈内斯警官告诉我，只有在未成年饮酒者给出理由的情况下，他才会追捕他们，比如打架、携带打开的容器，或者只是喝得酩酊大醉。
For a football weekend, it was pretty slow, which Officer Hanes chalks up to the team's relatively poor showing this fall.
对于一个足球周末来说，速度相当慢，汉斯警官将此归因于球队今年秋天的表现相对较差。
His job ebbs and flows with the success of the Nittany Lion, which puts him, as an alum and a fan, in an awkward position.
他的工作随着《尼塔尼狮子》的成功而起伏不定，这让他作为一名校友和粉丝陷入了尴尬的境地。
He used to root for national championship.
他曾经支持全国冠军。
Now he prefers a one-loss team.
现在他更喜欢一支输球的球队。
He says it keeps the streets quieter.
他说这让街道更安静。
Aaron Scott.
亚伦·斯科特.
Act Four: A Drinking School With A Football Problem Ira Glass Act Four.
第四幕：有足球问题的酗酒学校艾拉·格拉斯第四幕。
A Drinking School With A Football Problem.
一个有足球问题的饮酒学校。
The big reason anybody worries about all the drinking at Penn State, of course, is it's dangerous.
当然，人们担心宾夕法尼亚州立大学酗酒的一个重要原因是它很危险。
Every year, 1,700 college students across the country die of alcohol-related injuries.
全国每年有1700名大学生死于酒精相关伤害。
The average amount of alcohol in college students' blood when they come into the local emergency room in State College is steadily rising each year.
当大学生进入州学院当地急诊室时，他们血液中的平均酒精含量每年都在稳步上升。
It's now at 0.252, three times the legal limit at which you can drive a car.
现在为 0.252，是驾驶汽车的法定限制的三倍。
The head of the emergency department told me that it's a level that normal drinkers can't even usually get to because they'd throw up, fall asleep first.
急诊科主任告诉我，这是普通饮酒者通常无法达到的水平，因为他们会先呕吐，然后睡着。
What's interesting, if you ask Penn State administrators about what they're doing to deal with all the student drinking, they're not defensive.
有趣的是，如果你问宾夕法尼亚州立大学的管理人员他们正在采取什么措施来处理所有学生饮酒的问题，他们并不会采取防御措施。
I met the head of University Relations with the school, the guy who's responsible for making the school look good to the public, and he was right upfront about it.
我会见了学校与大学关系的负责人，他负责让学校在公众面前看起来良好，他对此很坦率。
Yeah, he said, drinking is a terrible problem, and we have tried everything we can think of to fix it, twice.
是的，他说，酗酒是一个可怕的问题，我们已经两次尝试了一切我们能想到的方法来解决这个问题。
Which is actually more or less true.
这实际上或多或少是正确的。
The school has spent millions attacking this problem.
学校花费了数百万美元来解决这个问题。
They've tried to teach the students, in all kinds of ways, about safer drinking.
他们尝试以各种方式教导学生如何更安全地饮酒。
They created alcohol-free halls and dorms, they created a task force, there have been town-gown commissions, they've mounted a huge program of alcohol-free late night activities.
他们创建了无酒精大厅和宿舍，他们创建了一个特别工作组，有城镇礼服委员会，他们发起了一项庞大的无酒精深夜活动计划。
The weekend we were there, that included comedian Patton Oswalt for free for students, free movies, a Halo tournament.
我们在那里的那个周末，包括喜剧演员帕顿·奥斯瓦尔特（Patton Oswalt）免费向学生开放、免费电影和光环锦标赛。
Obviously this hadn't gotten the job done.
显然这并没有完成任务。
Sarah Koenig explains why this problem is just so hard for university administrators to fix.
莎拉·科尼格 (Sarah Koenig) 解释了为什么这个问题对于大学管理者来说如此难以解决。
The first university president in the country to take on excessive drinking in a very public way was Graham Spanier when he arrived at Penn State 15 years ago.
格雷厄姆·斯潘尼尔 (Graham Spanier) 15 年前来到宾夕法尼亚州立大学，是美国第一位以非常公开的方式处理过度饮酒问题的大学校长。
At a time when most schools didn't want to talk about it, he was relentless.
当大多数学校都不愿意谈论这件事的时候，他却毫不留情。
Here he is in his 1998 State of the University speech.
这是他在 1998 年发表的大学状况演讲。
To put it succinctly, let me say to all high school students.
简而言之，我想对所有高中生说。
If you are interested in Penn State because of the attraction of binge drinking, please go somewhere else.
如果您因为酗酒的吸引力而对宾夕法尼亚州立大学感兴趣，请去其他地方。
The message didn't always go down well.
这个消息并不总是得到很好的接受。
A month after this speech, Spanier was booed by students at a football game.
这次演讲一个月后，斯帕尼尔在一场足球比赛中遭到了学生的嘘声。
A local bar ran an ad depicting him as Hitler, speaking with a German accent and sending storm troopers to raid a fraternity.
当地一家酒吧刊登了一则广告，将他描绘成希特勒，说话带有德国口音，并派冲锋队突袭兄弟会。
He got pushback from alumni, a University trustee, even the local ACLU, who all said this wasn't an issue for a university president.
他遭到了校友、大学受托人、甚至当地美国公民自由联盟的反对，他们都表示这对大学校长来说不是问题。
After 1998, he stopped hammering the topic so publicly, he says, in favor of working on it more behind the scenes.
他说，1998 年之后，他不再如此公开地讨论这个话题，而是转而在幕后进行更多的研究。
Ask the people behind the scenes today how it's going, and they'll tell you they're losing ground.
今天问问幕后的人进展如何，他们会告诉你他们正在节节败退。
Linda Lasalle is the administrator in charge of educating Penn State students about the dangers of alcohol.
琳达·拉萨尔 (Linda Lasalle) 是负责对宾夕法尼亚州立大学学生进行酒精危害教育的行政人员。
Some of her work happens in the classroom.
她的一些工作发生在课堂上。
And I talk about how our data shows that most of our students actually have five or fewer when they drink.
我会谈到我们的数据如何显示我们大多数学生在喝酒时实际上喝了五杯或更少。
Or we had data they showed that a few years back.
或者我们有几年前他们展示的数据。
And students would laugh at me!
学生们会嘲笑我！
They would say, oh, you know, none of my friends drink that little.
他们会说，哦，你知道，我的朋友都没有喝那么少。
We're all drinking eight, nine, ten.
我们都喝了八杯、九杯、十杯。
So this higher level of consumption to them is the norm.
所以这种较高的消费水平对他们来说是常态。
For ten years, Linda Lasalle's office has taught kids about blood alcohol levels and alcohol poisoning.
十年来，琳达·拉萨尔的办公室一直在向孩子们传授血液酒精含量和酒精中毒的知识。
They administer a mandatory online alcohol education program for incoming freshman called AlcoholEdu.
他们为即将入学的新生实施一项名为“AlcoholEdu”的强制性在线酒精教育计划。
They did a social norms media campaign aimed at changing students' behavior by teaching them that most students drink less than they think.
他们开展了一场社会规范媒体宣传活动，旨在改变学生的行为，告诉他们大多数学生的饮酒量比他们想象的要少。
Lasalle heard the plastic drinking cups they handed out became popular for beer pong.
拉萨尔听说他们分发的塑料饮水杯在啤酒乒乓球比赛中很受欢迎。
No real success.
没有真正的成功。
We're seeing some tremendous knowledge gains from students who participate in the program.
我们看到参与该计划的学生获得了巨大的知识收获。
Our preliminary data shows that there's no significant behavior change, however.
然而，我们的初步数据显示，行为并没有发生重大变化。
So armed with all these facts about what alcohol can do to you, students here seem to drink just as much as they always did.
有了关于酒精对你的影响的所有这些事实，这里的学生似乎和往常一样喝酒。
It does.
确实如此。
It feels very defeating.
感觉很挫败。
I have very conflicting feelings about it.
我对此有非常矛盾的感觉。
Because I feel like there's not very much we can do, that there are so many things that contribute to this problem that are out of our control.
因为我觉得我们无能为力，有很多因素导致了这个问题，而这些都是我们无法控制的。
And you know, at the same time, I also feel like I want to be able to do something.
你知道，与此同时，我也觉得我希望能够做点什么。
No college student should ever die because they simply had too much to drink.
任何大学生都不应该因为喝太多而死去。
So I guess I don't have a good answer.
所以我想我没有一个好的答案。
I don't know what would really make a difference, especially in this campus.
我不知道什么会真正产生影响，尤其是在这个校园里。
Is that hard for you to say, as someone who has your job?
作为一个有你工作的人，这对你来说很难吗？
This worst case scenario, a student dying, was on everyone's mind this fall, because it happened in September, just a month after school started.
今年秋天，每个人都在担心这种最糟糕的情况，即一名学生的死亡，因为它发生在九月份，开学后仅一个月。
Maintenance workers found the body of Joe Dado at the bottom of an outdoor stairwell.
维修人员在室外楼梯井底部发现了乔·达多的尸体。
Dado had been missing for a couple of days after he left a frat party alone at 3:30 in the morning.
凌晨 3:30，Dado 独自离开兄弟会聚会，此后他已经失踪了几天。
It seems he'd been climbing on top of a wall between two classroom buildings and fallen on his head.
看起来他是爬到两栋教学楼之间的墙顶上然后头朝下摔倒的。
He was a freshman, just 18 years old.
他是一名一年级新生，年仅18岁。
At other schools, the administration has sometimes used these sorts of deaths to push for change.
在其他学校，政府有时会利用此类死亡来推动变革。
In 2004, after a 19 year old sophomore at Colorado State named Samantha Spady was found dead of alcohol poisoning at the Sigma Pi frat house.
2004 年，科罗拉多州立大学一名 19 岁的大二学生萨曼莎·斯帕迪 (Samantha Spady) 被发现死于 Sigma Pi 兄弟会房屋内，死于酒精中毒。
The frat house was shut down, and all other fraternities banned alcohol.
兄弟会被关闭，所有其他兄弟会都禁止饮酒。
Alcohol sales were banned inside the football stadium, and her parents started a foundation in her name.
足球场内禁止销售酒精饮料，她的父母以她的名义成立了一个基金会。
MIT, Indiana University, University of Virginia all reacted with sweeping changes after alcohol deaths.
麻省理工学院、印第安纳大学、弗吉尼亚大学在酒精死亡后都做出了彻底的改变。
Here, the immediate reaction to Dado's death from senior administration was remarkable for its gentleness.
在这里，高级政府对达多去世的立即反应因其温和而引人注目。
Nobody hollered at the students to quit drinking so much.
没有人大声喊叫学生们戒酒。
Rather, the message was, if you're going to get plastered, do it more responsibility.
相反，传达的信息是，如果你要陷入困境，那就承担更多责任。
Graham Spanier issued a statement telling students to, quote, "Remember our commitment to one another's safety." Damon Simms, vice president of Student Affairs, told students at a meeting that he hoped the entire student body would double their efforts in watching out for each other.
格雷厄姆·斯潘尼尔发表了一份声明，告诉学生们“记住我们对彼此安全的承诺。”学生事务副校长达蒙·西姆斯(Damon Simms)在一次会议上告诉学生们，他希望整个学生团体加倍努力，互相照顾。
Maybe they figured this message had a better chance of sticking, and it did stick.
也许他们认为这条信息更有可能被记住，而且它确实被记住了。
The lesson students have taken is not that Dado drank too much, but that he would be alive today if only he hadn't been alone.
学生们得到的教训不是Dado喝了太多酒，而是如果他不是孤身一人的话，他今天就能活着。
My colleague Lisa Pollak talked to freshmen at the student union here.
我的同事丽莎·波拉克在这里的学生会与新生进行了交谈。
We've become more responsible.
我们变得更加负责任。
Nobody goes home alone anymore.
没有人再独自回家了。
We call each other, make sure we're doing OK.
我们互相打电话，确保一切顺利。
My friends, we all try to stay together a lot more, and don't leave anybody out by themselves late at night.
我的朋友们，我们都尽量多呆在一起，不要在深夜把任何人留在外面。
Like even if they say they're fine, you're like, no. You're not fine.
就像即使他们说他们很好，你也会说，不。你不太好。
OK.
好的。
This might sound like a really silly question, but did any of you think to say, well, why don't we just not drink anymore?
这听起来可能是一个非常愚蠢的问题，但是你们中有人想过说，好吧，我们为什么不再喝酒了呢？
It seems to be the perennial lesson of these accidents.
这似乎是这些事故的长期教训。
After a drunk girl fell from a sixth story window in 1997, this was the story in the local newspaper.
1997年，一名醉酒女孩从六楼窗户坠落后，当地报纸刊登了这样的报道。
Quote, "The death of a Penn State student at a party a week ago may prompt partygoers to keep a closer eye on each other's safety, students say.
引用：“学生们说，一周前宾夕法尼亚州立大学一名学生在一次聚会上死亡，这可能会促使参加聚会的人更加密切地关注彼此的安全。
But, they add, the accident probably won't change their drinking behavior." Penn state students also fell to their deaths in 1993, 1987, 1984, 1983.
但是，他们补充说，这次事故可能不会改变他们的饮酒行为。”宾夕法尼亚州立大学的学生也曾在1993年、1987年、1984年、1983年发生过坠楼身亡事件。
The averageness of what killed freshman Joe Dado is exactly why this is such a challenge for administrators.
杀死新生 Joe Dado 的凶手的平均性正是这对管理人员来说是一个挑战的原因。
To Penn State students, the amount Dado drank that night is completely normal.
对于宾夕法尼亚州立大学的学生来说，Dado 那天晚上喝的酒量是完全正常的。
After questioning his friends, police reported that Dado drank several shots of vodka and mixed drinks in his dorm, the whole pregaming thing, and then got on the shuttle bus with his friends.
在询问了他的朋友后，警方报告说，Dado 在宿舍里喝了几杯伏特加和混合饮料，整个比赛前的事情，然后和他的朋友一起上了班车。
They went to a frat called ATO, played beer pong, drank four or five cans of Natural Light each.
他们去了一个叫 ATO 的兄弟会，打啤酒乒乓球，每人喝了四五罐自然光啤酒。
Then they went to Fiji, another frat, where Dado did a couple shots of whiskey.
然后他们去了斐济，另一个兄弟会，Dado 在那里喝了几杯威士忌。
By the end of it, his blood alcohol level was high, but not crazy high.
到最后，他的血液酒精含量很高，但还没有高到疯狂。
It was a third less than the average for kids brought to the emergency room for alcohol.
这比被带到急诊室喝酒的孩子的平均水平低三分之一。
It was just a normal night.
这只是一个平常的夜晚。
It wasn't like overindulgence.
这并不像过度放纵。
It wasn't like a ridiculous, wild party.
这不像是一场荒唐、疯狂的派对。
The last person to talk to Dado that night was Jack Townsend, a 21 year old junior.
那天晚上最后一个和 Dado 说话的是 Jack Townsend，一名 21 岁的大三学生。
He gave Dado those shots of whiskey at Fiji, and he's been criminally charged with providing alcohol to a minor, along with the frat.
他在斐济给了 Dado 几杯威士忌，并因与兄弟会一起向未成年人提供酒精而受到刑事指控。
Townsend was a friend of Dado's.
汤森是达多的朋友。
He played soccer with him in high school.
高中时他和他一起踢足球。
He took one of his sisters to the prom.
他带他的一个姐妹去参加舞会。
He told producer Lisa Pollak that when he looks back at that night, it's hard for them to reconcile that something so ordinary led to something so terrible.
他告诉制片人丽莎·波拉克，当他回顾那天晚上时，他们很难接受如此平凡的事情导致了如此可怕的事情。
So I thought, you know, nothing of it that night.
所以我想，你知道，那天晚上没什么。
You know, it's just a friendly drink.
你知道，这只是一种友好的饮料。
Based on the things I heard from the entire timeline of that night, I mean, it reminded me of my freshman days.
根据我从那天晚上的整个时间线中听到的事情，我的意思是，它让我想起了我的大一时光。
The same thing, you know?
同样的事情，你知道吗？
And that you drank even before you go out?
你甚至在出去之前就喝酒了？
Yeah, yeah.
是啊是啊。
I mean, none of that was shocking to me.
我的意思是，这些都没有让我感到震惊。
None of that was really surprising to me.
这些对我来说并不令人惊讶。
It was typical weekend night for a freshman.
对于新生来说，这是一个典型的周末夜晚。
I have thought about how, like, how didn't I realize how dangerous some of this stuff could have been before it happened.
我曾想过，在事情发生之前，我怎么没有意识到其中的一些事情可能有多危险。
Because it hadn't really struck you before?
因为它之前并没有真正打动你？
Yeah.
是的。
Because nothing ever really bad ever came from it until now.
因为到目前为止，还没有发生过真正糟糕的事情。
Joe Dado's case fits neatly into a variety of depressing data sets.
乔·达多的案例恰好符合各种令人沮丧的数据集。
Researchers know, for instance, that the bingiest of the binge drinkers are white male freshmen, and even if he wasn't binging, there's the fact that most bad things happened early on in the school year.
例如，研究人员知道，最酗酒的人是白人男性新生，即使他没有酗酒，事实上大多数糟糕的事情都发生在学年初期。
The alcohol ER admissions here for September are much higher than for the rest of the year, for instance.
例如，这里 9 月份的酒精急诊入院人数比今年剩余时间要高得多。
He drank Vladimir vodka that night, the most widely sold liquor in State College, and was hanging out with fraternity members, who tend to drink more than non-Greek students.
那天晚上，他喝了弗拉基米尔伏特加，这是州立学院最畅销的酒，并与兄弟会成员一起闲逛，这些成员往往比非希腊学生喝得更多。
Bob Saltz, a senior research scientist at the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, says here's what's counterintuitive about managing drinking on college campuses and why so few are having success.
太平洋研究与评估研究所的高级研究科学家鲍勃·萨尔茨 (Bob Saltz) 表示，在大学校园内管理饮酒行为是违反直觉的，也是为什么很少有人取得成功的原因。
He says that while your heaviest drinkers are of course at the highest risk of getting hurt or hurting somebody else, there aren't that many of them.
他说，虽然酗酒者受伤或伤害他人的风险当然最高，但这样的人并不多。
So you really also need to be worrying about the light and moderate drinkers, who vastly outnumber the heavy drinkers.
因此，您确实还需要担心轻度和中度饮酒者，他们的数量远远多于重度饮酒者。
Kids like Joe Dado, who might only overdo it once in a while.
像乔·达多这样的孩子，偶尔可能会做得太过分。
Even though at any given time, most of the students are going to have an easy time of it, no one's going to get hurt, we just don't know who it is who's going to get hurt over a large population.
尽管在任何特定时间，大多数学生都会过得很轻松，没有人会受伤，但我们只是不知道谁会在大量人口中受伤。
But the concern many administrators have, and some students as well, is that it seems somehow wrong to impose a strategy that's universal, because again, the holdover concept that we really should be only focusing on the heaviest drinkers.
但许多管理人员以及一些学生担心的是，强加一种通用的策略似乎在某种程度上是错误的，因为我们实际上应该只关注最酗酒者的保留概念。
Saltz's strategy for reducing risk to the biggest population of students is so simple that I missed it the first time he said it.
萨尔茨降低最大学生群体风险的策略非常简单，以至于我在他第一次说的时候就错过了。
You reduce risk by limiting kids' access to alcohol.
您可以通过限制孩子接触酒精来降低风险。
The less alcohol is available, the less kids drink.
酒精越少，孩子们喝的就越少。
The less they drink, the fewer bad things happen.
他们喝得越少，坏事发生的就越少。
In practice, what this means is a police crackdown, and just as importantly, the perception of one.
实际上，这意味着警方的镇压，同样重要的是，这意味着人们的看法。
The problem with this strategy has been that there was hardly any campus-wide research to back it up, until now.
这一策略的问题在于，到目前为止，几乎没有任何全校范围的研究来支持它。
Saltz is about to publish the results of an NIH-funded study he did at 14 California campuses.
Saltz 即将公布他在 14 个加州分校进行的一项由 NIH 资助的研究结果。
At half of them, cops went on party patrols, broke up large off-campus parties.
其中一半的警察进行派对巡逻，驱散大型校外派对。
They stepped up DUI enforcement and enforced laws against sales to minors at bars.
他们加强了酒后驾车执法力度，并执行了禁止在酒吧向未成年人出售商品的法律。
And most important, they heavily publicized this stepped-up enforcement to students so they would start self-policing, rather than risk getting busted.
最重要的是，他们向学生大力宣传了这一加强的执法力度，以便他们开始自我监管，而不是冒着被抓的风险。
By the end of the study, Saltz found that fewer kids were getting drunk.
研究结束时，萨尔茨发现喝醉的孩子越来越少。
The campuses where they cracked down reported 6,000 fewer drunk students coming from off-campus parties, and 4,000 fewer coming from bars.
据他们打击的校园报告，来自校外聚会的醉酒学生减少了 6,000 人，来自酒吧的醉酒学生减少了 4,000 人。
And we were able to show that increased controls on off-campus drinking did not lead to any displacement of those problems somewhere else, which is what people assume, is that if you do a better job at off-campus parties, that students will just go to a park, or back to the dorms, or some other place, and that the level of problems will stay the same.
我们能够证明，加强对校外饮酒的控制并不会导致这些问题转移到其他地方，这就是人们的假设，如果你在校外聚会上做得更好，学生们就会去公园，或者回到宿舍，或者其他地方，而问题的程度将保持不变。
And I was happy to see that that did not happen in our case.
我很高兴看到这种情况在我们的案例中没有发生。
Saltz says sprawling university bureaucracies usually aren't well-suited to this kind of tough guy strategy.
萨尔茨说，庞大的大学官僚机构通常不太适合这种硬汉策略。
For one thing, they're run by educators, who tend to think they can simply teach kids to drink less.
一方面，他们是由教育工作者经营的，他们倾向于认为他们可以简单地教孩子们少喝酒。
But when I asked him if there's any university out there that's having real, on-the-ground, sustained success, he immediately says yes.
但当我问他是否有任何一所大学取得了真正的、实地的、持续的成功时，他立即说是的。
University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
内布拉斯加大学林肯分校。
Their drinking reduction stats are the envy of the student affairs world.
他们减少饮酒的统计数据令学生事务界羡慕不已。
Starting in 1998, the school teamed up with the city of Lincoln and declared an all-out war on out of control drinking-- a data-driven, goal-oriented war.
从1998年开始，学校与林肯市合作，向酗酒失控发起全面战争——一场数据驱动、目标导向的战争。
Not only did they do the kind of police crackdown Saltz advocates, they attacked the problem from every possible angle, enlisting of bar owners, state legislators, liberal arts students, business students, high school principals.
他们不仅像警察镇压萨尔茨的支持者那样，还从各个可能的角度攻击这个问题，招募了酒吧老板、州立法者、文科学生、商科学生、高中校长。
They lobbied to digitize Nebraska's driver's license to stop rampant fake IDs.
他们游说将内布拉斯加州的驾驶执照数字化，以阻止假身份证的猖獗。
They tried to knock down the average number of drinks on a student's 21st birthday from 14 to 7.
他们试图将学生 21 岁生日那天的平均饮酒次数从 14 杯减少到 7 杯。
Linda Major, Assistant to the Vice Chancellor at UNL, was the general in this war from the beginning.
琳达·梅杰（Linda Major），内布拉斯加州大学副校长助理，从一开始就是这场战争的将军。
She says breaking up wild parties in residential neighborhoods was one of the most controversial things they did early on.
她说，驱散居民区的疯狂派对是他们早期所做的最具争议的事情之一。
Also, one of the most effective.
而且，也是最有效的之一。
And over the course of time, the wild party patrol really went out very few weekends, but people believed that it could happen any weekend, and so behavior was naturally curbed.
而且随着时间的推移，野党巡逻确实很少周末出去，但人们相信任何周末都可能发生，所以行为自然就受到了遏制。
Major sensed the place felt different, and every statistical indicator backed up that feeling.
梅杰感觉到这个地方感觉不同了，每一项统计指标都支持这种感觉。
There were far fewer neighbor complaints about parties.
邻居对聚会的抱怨要少得多。
Students reported studying more, getting more sleep.
学生们表示学习更多，睡眠更多。
Fewer people dropped out, and there were fewer reports of unwanted sex or driving drunk.
辍学的人越来越少，关于不正当性行为或酒后驾车的报道也越来越少。
Way more freshmen were abstaining from alcohol.
更多的新生开始戒酒。
And binge drinking numbers sank from 63% of students in 1997 down to 42% in 2007.
酗酒的学生人数从 1997 年的 63% 下降到 2007 年的 42%。
The frustration for Penn State is that it follows the same research as UNL, and does a lot of the same things.
宾夕法尼亚州立大学令人沮丧的是，它遵循与内布拉斯加州大学相同的研究，并且做了很多相同的事情。
It has as many alcohol programs and interventions as any university in the country.
它的酒精课程和干预措施与该国任何一所大学一样多。
But one researcher told me that the problem is almost no colleges, Penn State included, properly evaluate what they're doing, so they really don't know what works and what doesn't.
但一位研究人员告诉我，问题在于几乎没有大学，包括宾夕法尼亚州立大学，正确评估他们正在做的事情，所以他们真的不知道什么有效，什么无效。
This work is tricky.
这项工作很棘手。
There's so many variables that just because something works at one school doesn't mean it'll work the same way someplace else.
变量太多，仅仅因为某件事在一所学校有效并不意味着在其他学校也同样有效。
Still, it's clear Penn State has not done what UNL did-- joined with the town and declared total war.
尽管如此，很明显宾夕法尼亚州立大学并没有像内布拉斯加州大学所做的那样——与该镇联合并宣布全面战争。
At least not recently.
至少最近不是。
There's no shortage of complaints about the university's efforts.
人们对大学的努力不乏抱怨。
Why won't it ban alcohol from the dorms, or take on the widespread underage drinking, or punish students more harshly, expel them, even, when they break the law?
为什么不禁止宿舍内饮酒，或者解决普遍存在的未成年人饮酒问题，或者更严厉地惩罚学生，甚至在学生违法时将其开除？
We need to do things differently.
我们需要以不同的方式做事。
Everything that once upon a time was not open to reconsideration needs to be open to reconsideration.
一切曾经不值得重新考虑的事情都需要重新考虑。
Luckily, the one person at Penn State agitating for a complete overhaul of the University's drinking reduction strategy happens to be the guy in charge of them-- Damon Simms.
幸运的是，宾夕法尼亚州立大学提倡彻底改革大学减少饮酒策略的人恰好是他们的负责人——达蒙·西姆斯(Damon Simms)。
He's the new vice president for Student Affairs, and he's not messing around.
他是新任学生事务副校长，他可没闲着。
When he rattled off a list of recent meetings he's had on the topic, it was almost comical in its scope.
当他滔滔不绝地列出他最近就该主题举行的会议的清单时，其范围几乎是滑稽的。
The town manager, the editor of the local newspaper, the borough council, student government, town and university police, faculty, fraternity leaders, on and on.
镇经理、当地报纸的编辑、区议会、学生会、镇和大学警察、教师、兄弟会领袖等等。
Simms thinks being named number one party school and the death of Joe Dado have pushed the issue to some kind of tipping point, and he plans to capitalize on it.
西姆斯认为，被评为第一派对学校和乔·达多的去世已经将这个问题推向了某种临界点，他计划利用这一点。
He's working on a list of ideas.
他正在制定一份想法清单。
When we met, it was 72 items long.
当我们见面时，它有 72 项长。
And there are some sacred cows that need to be reconsidered, too.
还有一些神圣的事情也需要重新考虑。
He says that includes grade inflation, troublesome fraternities, and out-of-control tailgating.
他说，这包括分数膨胀、麻烦的兄弟会和失控的尾随行为。
Simms will be proposing a bunch of new initiatives early next September, including new sanctions for students who break alcohol laws.
西姆斯将于明年九月初提出一系列新举措，包括对违反酒精法的学生实施新的制裁。
Already fraternities have new rules.
兄弟会已经有了新的规则。
No more Wednesday night parties.
周三晚上不再有聚会。
On other nights, photo ID required for entry, and professional bouncers at the door.
在其他晚上，进入时需要出示带照片的身份证件，门口还有专业保镖。
But what you hear all the time around here, off the record, from local residents, from faculty, from other administrators, is that Spanier really can't, or won't, do anything more draconian about the drinking problem here.
但你在这里经常从当地居民、教职人员和其他管理人员那里听到的私下消息是，西班牙人确实不能或不会对这里的饮酒问题采取更严厉的措施。
Make fraternities dry, say, or curb tailgating.
例如，让兄弟会变得干燥，或者遏制尾随行为。
Because politically, he simply cannot risk alienating those secret cows Simms is talking about.
因为从政治上讲，他根本不能冒险疏远西姆斯所说的那些秘密牛。
Especially alumni and athletics, meaning football, which brings in enormous money.
尤其是校友和田径运动，即足球，可以带来巨额收入。
Tens of thousands of alumni come to football games, rent skyboxes-- the only places in the stadium where you can drink, by the way.
数以万计的校友来到这里观看足球比赛，租用空中包厢——顺便说一句，这是体育场里唯一可以喝酒的地方。
They arrange their lives around the season.
他们根据季节安排自己的生活。
It's a big part of why they give money to the school.
这是他们向学校捐款的一个重要原因。
Last year, alums and other donors gave $182 million.
去年，校友和其他捐助者捐赠了 1.82 亿美元。
I asked Spanier if there was something he needed to be careful about here in terms of the connection between football and donors and booze.
我问斯潘尼尔，在足球与捐助者和酒类之间的联系方面，是否有什么需要注意的地方。
No. I don't buy that at all.
不，我根本不相信这一点。
That's just speculation that you hear from people like, oh, that must be part of the issue.
这只是你从人们那里听到的猜测，哦，这一定是问题的一部分。
They would never go after the alumni.
他们永远不会去追捕校友。
The fact is, what happens with six or seven home games is not the heart of this issue here.
事实上，六七场主场比赛的结果并不是这个问题的核心。
We're talking about weekend in, weekend out, every day of the week, throughout the year kind of issues.
我们谈论的是周末、周末、一周中的每一天、全年的各种问题。
When this comes up, it's sort of like, well, someone will say, why don't they just make tailgating dry, you know, no alcohol on university property?
当这个问题出现时，有点像，好吧，有人会说，为什么他们不干脆让车尾聚会变得干燥，你知道，大学财产上禁止饮酒？
Is that kind of thing ever even brought up as like a, we just want to signal a culture change?
这种事情是否曾经被提出过，比如我们只是想发出文化变革的信号？
We're just going to make a big bold move and say, we're going to become a different kind of school now?
我们只是要做出一个大胆的举动，然后说，我们现在要成为一所不同类型的学校吗？
Is that ever on the table?
这曾经摆在桌面上吗？
No, I don't think so.
不，我不这么认为。
I can't envision telling alumni of legal age that they can't drink on a football weekend, and seeing that that's going to change the problem of alcohol consumption among underage students on college campuses.
我无法想象告诉达到法定年龄的校友他们不能在足球周末喝酒，并看到这将改变大学校园未成年学生的饮酒问题。
I don't think those two things are really tied together.
我不认为这两件事真的联系在一起。
One bright spot Spanier sees is that there's been a shift at Penn State since he started talking about this 15 years ago.
Spanier 看到的一个亮点是，自从 15 年前他开始谈论这一问题以来，宾夕法尼亚州立大学发生了转变。
Now for the first time academic deans and faculty leaders and student leaders are wanting to talk about this, saying they want to help.
现在，学术院长、教师领导和学生领袖第一次想要谈论这个问题，并表示他们想提供帮助。
That is a sea change from what we saw in an earlier era.
与我们在早期时代看到的情况相比，这是一个巨大的变化。
Do you feel optimistic?
你感到乐观吗？
Graham Spanier No. I wouldn't say I feel optimistic.
Graham Spanier 不。我不会说我感到乐观。
I feel like we just have to keep working on it.
我觉得我们必须继续努力。
Joe Dado's death, he said, won't have any meaning to next year's freshmen.
他说，乔·达多的去世对明年的新生没有任何意义。
That's what makes universities like any other enterprise.
这就是大学与其他企业一样的原因。
Every year, the student body turns over by the thousands, so every year, he and his staff have to start all over again.
每年都有成千上万的学生流失，所以每年他和他的工作人员都必须重新开始。
Sarah Koenig.
莎拉·科尼格.
Here's something else you need to know before we close this hour.
在本小时结束之前，您还需要了解以下一些信息。
People love Penn State.
人们热爱宾夕法尼亚州立大学。
Students were spontaneously telling all of us how much they love the school, how they never want to college experience to end.
学生们自发地告诉我们他们有多么热爱这所学校，他们多么不想结束大学经历。
They chant the school chant, "We are Penn State," not just in the football stadium-- in the student union, shuttle bus, out of the blue.
他们不仅在足球场上高喊学校口号“我们是宾夕法尼亚州立大学”，还在学生会、班车上突然高喊。
They say "we are Penn State" in conversation, to make a point.
他们在谈话中说“我们是宾夕法尼亚州立大学”来表达观点。
They're part of this club that they're really excited to be part of.
他们是这个俱乐部的一员，他们很高兴能成为其中的一员。
This feeling gets its purest expression at football games, where they're a hundred thousand strong, screaming together, but it permeates the school.
这种感觉在足球比赛中得到了最纯粹的表达，十万人齐齐尖叫，但这种感觉却弥漫在整个学校。
I went to the game when we were there with two juniors, Megan Koch and Zach Fliegel.
我和两名高三学生梅根·科赫和扎克·弗利格尔一起去看了比赛。
Megan's Nittany Lions memories include the night of her high school homecoming, which was also the 2005 Michigan game.
梅根 (Megan) 对尼塔尼狮子队 (Nittany Lions) 的记忆包括她高中返校节的那晚，这也是 2005 年密歇根州的比赛。
She was all dressed up.
她盛装打扮。
Her dad was on the cell phone.
她爸爸正在打电话。
He was calling me, telling me, you know, play by play what was going on.
他打电话给我，告诉我，你知道，一场一场地发生了什么事。
And he's like, you're not going to believe this, but Michigan just scored and we lost with two seconds left on the clock.
他说，你不会相信这一点，但密歇根队刚刚得分，而我们在比赛还剩两秒时就输了。
And I remember I just hung up the phone and I was like, oh my gosh.
我记得我刚刚挂了电话，我就想，天哪。
I started like crying.
我开始想哭。
For Zach, it's also about the past and the future.
对于扎克来说，这也关乎过去和未来。
On our way to the stadium, we passed some little boys in the tailgate.
在去体育场的路上，我们在后挡板上经过了一些小男孩。
I used to be that kid, throwing the football around in between cars and stuff.
我曾经是那个孩子，把足球扔到汽车和其他东西之间。
Lions played, Lions won.
狮子队比赛，狮子队获胜。
It was the last home game of the year, and seniors down in the first row were crying.
这是今年最后一场主场比赛，第一排的高年级学生都在哭泣。
Zach said even a bad game, being in the stadium, in the student section, was worth it.
扎克说，即使是一场糟糕的比赛，在体育场、在学生区，也是值得的。
I live for this.
我就是为此而活。
I'll probably be coming here until I'm old and wrinkled.
我可能会一直来这里，直到我老了、满脸皱纹。
Really?
真的吗？
So like 50 years from now, where will you be sitting?
那么大约 50 年后，你会坐在哪里？
Point to the spot.
指点地点。
Hopefully in WC, WD on the 30, 40 yard line, maybe?
希望在 WC、WD 30、40 码线上，也许吧？
And he pointed a third of the way up, 30 yard line.
他指了指上方三分之一处，即 30 码线。
I went around to his friends in the student section.
我去找了他学生区的朋友。
Nobody hesitated.
没有人犹豫。
50 yard line, skybox, 30 yard line.
50 码线、天空盒、30 码线。
Look for them.
寻找他们。
2059.
2059.
They all want to come back.
他们都想回来。
Our program was produced today by Sarah Koenig and me with Alex Blumberg, Jane Feltes, Lisa Pollak, Robyn Semien, Aaron Scott, Alissa Shipp, and Nancy Updike.
今天我们的节目由 Sarah Koenig 和我与 Alex Blumberg、Jane Feltes、Lisa Pollak、Robyn Semien、Aaron Scott、Alissa Shipp 和 Nancy Updike 共同制作。
Our senior producer is Julie Snyder.
我们的高级制片人是朱莉·斯奈德。
Seth Lind is our production manager, Emily Condon our office manager.
Seth Lind 是我们的生产经理，Emily Condon 我们的办公室经理。
Our music consultant is Jessica Hopper.
我们的音乐顾问是杰西卡·霍珀。
[ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS] Our website, thisamericanlife.org.
[致谢] 我们的网站 thisamericanlife.org。
This American Life is distributed by Public Radio International.
《美国生活》由国际公共广播电台发行。
WBEZ management oversight for our program by our boss, Mr. Torey Malatia, who never could have gotten into the frat party, except that girl insisted.
我们的老板托里·马拉蒂亚 (Torey Malatia) 先生对我们的项目进行 WBEZ 管理监督，除非那个女孩坚持，否则他永远不可能参加兄弟会聚会。
Look at him!
看看他！
He's so innocent!
他真是太无辜了！
Look at his face.
看看他的脸。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Back next week with more stories of This American Life.
下周我们将带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。