427: Original Recipe - This American Life
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Sign up for a free Life Partners trial, and you can watch the video “A Night of Stories and Improv.”
注册免费试用《Life Partners》，您可以观看视频“故事与即兴表演之夜”。
This American Life Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Act One: Message In a Bottle Ira Glass Hey there, everybody.
《美国生活》完整剧集 切换音频和文字记录同步 第一幕：瓶中信 Ira Glass 大家好。
So I'm not going to beat around the bush.
所以我不会拐弯抹角。
For this week's radio program, we think we may have found the original recipe for Coca-Cola.
对于本周的广播节目，我们认为我们可能已经找到了可口可乐的原始配方。
And I am not kidding.
我不是在开玩笑。
I am not kidding.
我不是在开玩笑。
One of the most famously guarded trade secrets on the planet, I have it right here, and I'm going to read it to you.
这是地球上最著名的商业秘密之一，我就在这里，我要把它读给你听。
I'm going to read it to the world.
我要把它读给全世界听。
And I'm going to make my case for why I think it's real, despite whatever Coca-Cola might say.
不管可口可乐可能怎么说，我都会证明为什么我认为这是真的。
And that is just one of the two stories on today's program.
这只是今天节目中的两个故事之一。
From WBEZ Chicago, it is This American Life , distributed by Public Radio International.
来自芝加哥 WBEZ 的节目是《This American Life》，由国际公共广播电台发行。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Probably the best story about how protective Coca-Cola is of its secret formula comes from this book that was written by Charles Howard Candler.
关于可口可乐如何保护其秘密配方的最佳故事可能来自查尔斯·霍华德·坎德勒 (Charles Howard Candler) 撰写的这本书。
His Dad, Asa, did not invent Coca-Cola, but founded the Coca-Cola company back in 1892.
他的父亲 Asa 并不是可口可乐的发明者，而是于 1892 年创立了可口可乐公司。
And Charles, the son, wrote this.
儿子查尔斯写了这篇文章。
"One of the proudest moments of my life came when my father initiated me into the mysteries of the secret flavoring formula, inducting me into the holy of holies." Charles then says, "Incredibly there was no written formula and the labels had been removed from all the containers of the ingredients." So they were, quote, "identified only by sight, smell, and remembering where each was put on the shelf.
“我一生中最自豪的时刻之一是当我的父亲向我传授秘密调味配方的奥秘，引导我进入至圣之所时。”查尔斯接着说：“令人难以置信的是，没有书面配方，而且所有成分容器上的标签都被撕掉了。”因此，引述说，“只能通过视觉、嗅觉和记住每件物品放在架子上的位置来识别。”
And I thereupon experienced the thrill of making up, with his guidance, a batch of merchandise 7x." Merchandise 7x.
我随即体验到了在他的指导下制作一批商品 7x 的快感。”商品 7x。
Merchandise 7x is the cartoonishly super secret, cloak and dagger name they give the flavoring mixture in Coca-Cola.
Merchandise 7x 是他们给可口可乐中的调味混合物起的一个超级秘密、斗篷和匕首的卡通名字。
Charles' dad, Asa, was so paranoid about anybody else getting hold of the secret formula for 7x that, even though he was president of Coca-Cola-- he's president of the company-- he would go through the company mail himself and remove the invoices for any ingredients that had been purchased, so that nobody in the accounting department could read what ingredients had been bought for the product.
查尔斯的父亲阿萨非常偏执，担心其他人会掌握 7x 的秘密配方，即使他是可口可乐公司的总裁——他是公司的总裁——他也会亲自查看公司邮件并删除已购买的任何成分的发票，这样会计部门的任何人都无法知道该产品购买了哪些成分。
I learned all this from a history of Coca-Cola, a book written by investigative journalist and historian Mark Pendergrast.
我从调查记者兼历史学家马克·彭德格拉斯特（Mark Pendergrast）撰写的《可口可乐历史》中了解到了这一切。
The company has always said, and as far as I know it's true, that only two people at any given time know how to actually mix the 7x flavoring ingredient.
该公司一直说，据我所知，在任何特定时间只有两个人知道如何实际混合 7x 调味成分。
And that these people never travel on the same airplane in case it crashes.
而且这些人永远不会乘坐同一架飞机，以防飞机坠毁。
It's this carefully passed on secret ritual.
这是一种精心传承的秘密仪式。
And that the formula is kept in a bank vault at Sun Trust, which used to be the Georgia Trust Company.
该公式保存在太阳信托银行的金库中，该银行的前身是佐治亚信托公司。
Of course this makes no sense at all.
当然，这根本没有任何意义。
Why can't the two guys fly on a plane if the formula is sitting inside a bank vault?
如果配方存放在银行金库里，为什么这两个人不能乘坐飞机？
Coke's official line on this these days is that they simply do not talk about how many people know the recipe.
可口可乐最近在这方面的官方立场是，他们根本不谈论有多少人知道这个配方。
Though the reason that most of us think that of it as one of the biggest trade secrets in the world is probably because that's the story Coca-Cola likes to tell.
尽管我们大多数人认为它是世界上最大的商业秘密之一，可能是因为这就是可口可乐喜欢讲的故事。
Coke's secret formula.
可口可乐的秘密配方。
Only two guys in the world know it.
世界上只有两个人知道这一点。
If something happened to one, the formula would be lost forever.
如果发生什么事，这个公式就会永远消失。
And then, cookouts would be catastrophic.
然后，野餐将是灾难性的。
In this particular Coke commercial, I guess the premise is that each of the two guys only knows half the formula.
在这个特殊的可口可乐广告中，我猜前提是两个人只知道一半的公式。
It's just one of several commercials that have come out recently that poke fun at the myth of the super secret formula, while at the same time bolstering and selling that myth.
这只是最近出现的几则广告之一，这些广告取笑超级秘密配方的神话，同时支持和推销这个神话。
Coke even has this thrill ride at its museum in Atlanta, The World of Coca-Cola, where you follow two characters who are trying to unlock the secret formula for Coca-Cola.
可口可乐甚至在其位于亚特兰大的博物馆“可口可乐世界”中也推出了惊险刺激的旅程，您将跟随两个角色尝试解开可口可乐的秘密配方。
So with all this money, all this energy, all these millions of dollars spent over the years to convince us of just how impossibly, importantly, iconically secret the formula to Coca-Cola is, it was, a surprise when we stumbled across an article in Coke's hometown paper, the Atlanta Journal and Constitution , February 18, 1979.
因此，多年来，我们花了那么多钱、那么多精力、那么多百万美元，让我们相信可口可乐的配方是多么不可能、多么重要、多么具有标志性的秘密，当我们偶然发现可口可乐家乡报纸《亚特兰大日报和宪法》（1979 年 2 月 18 日）上的一篇文章时，我们感到很惊讶。
Not on the front page, but buried.
不是在头版，而是被埋没了。
Buried back on page 2B.
埋回第 2B 页。
One of their columnists, Charles Saulter, without any fanfare at all, published what looks like the original recipe for Coca-Cola.
他们的一位专栏作家查尔斯·索尔特（Charles Saulter）毫不夸张地发表了看起来像可口可乐原始配方的内容。
He found it in a pharmacist's old book of recipes.
他在一位药剂师的旧食谱书中找到了它。
All the recipes, including the one for Coca-Cola, are written by hand.
所有的食谱，包括可口可乐的食谱，都是手写的。
Most of them are for various ointments and remedies.
其中大部分用于各种药膏和药物。
And if that seems like a strange and random place to find this kind of thing, well, Coca-Cola was invented by a pharmacist, and it was originally sold at pharmacy soda fountains.
如果这看起来像是一个奇怪而随意的地方找到这种东西，那么，可口可乐是由药剂师发明的，它最初是在药房冷饮柜出售的。
The article says that the book passed from one pharmacist to another until it fell into the hands of one Everett Beal, who owned a drug store in Griffin, Georgia, 40 miles from Atlanta.
文章称，这本书从一位药剂师传给了另一位药剂师，直到落入埃弗雷特·比尔 (Everett Beal) 手中，他在距亚特兰大 40 英里的佐治亚州格里芬拥有一家药店。
He is mainly identified in the story as a fishing buddy of the columnist.
在故事中，他主要被认为是专栏作家的钓鱼伙伴。
Did you have a nice flight back home?
您回国的航班顺利吗？
Ira Glass Everett Beal passed away July 2010.
艾拉·格拉斯·埃弗雷特·比尔于 2010 年 7 月去世。
I called his widow Judy at her home in Georgia so many times asking for an interview that at one point she said to me, "This is how you people won the war, isn't it?" "You people" meaning northerners.
我多次给他的遗孀朱迪在佐治亚州的家中打电话，要求接受采访，有一次她对我说：“这就是你们赢得战争的方式，不是吗？” “你们”就是北方人的意思。
OK, let's just pause the tape right there to explain who these guys are.
好吧，让我们暂停一下磁带来解释一下这些人是谁。
The Pemberton that she's talking about is John Pemberton, the guy who invented Coca-Cola in Atlanta back in 1886.
她所说的彭伯顿是约翰·彭伯顿，他于 1886 年在亚特兰大发明了可口可乐。
Like I said, he was a pharmacist.
就像我说的，他是一名药剂师。
But he was also a maker of patent medicines.
但他也是专利药品制造商。
He made something called Globe Flower Cough Syrup.
他做了一种叫做金花止咳糖浆的东西。
He made a blood purifier called Extract of Stillingia.
他制作了一种血液净化剂，名为“Stillingia 提取物”。
RR Evans-- that's the second person that she mentioned-- Judy says, was another pharmacist in Atlanta at the time.
朱迪说，RR 埃文斯（RR Evans）——这是她提到的第二个人——当时是亚特兰大的另一位药剂师。
This book of recipes, Judy says, originally belonged to Evans.
朱迪说，这本食谱书最初属于埃文斯。
She says his name is all over the book.
她说他的名字遍布整本书。
Apparently after his friend Pemberton invented Coke, Evans copied down the formula in this book, calling it Cocoa-Cola
显然，在他的朋友彭伯顿发明可口可乐之后，埃文斯抄下了这本书中的配方，并将其命名为“可可可乐”
Evans gave it to RM Mitchell from Griffin, Georgia.
埃文斯把它交给了来自佐治亚州格里芬的 RM 米切尔。
And then Mitchell's widow was a friend of my husband's and told him, after he passed way, to come over and get any books he wanted to out of the library.
米切尔的遗孀是我丈夫的朋友，她告诉他，在他去世后，过来从图书馆取他想要的任何书籍。
So Everett picked out the book.
于是埃弗里特挑选了这本书。
What's it look like?
它看起来像什么？
Judy Oh gosh, it's 133 years old.
朱迪 天哪，已经 133 岁了。
It's just leather bound.
这只是皮革装订的。
And I wear gloves-- the last time I looked at it, I like to wear gloves.
我戴着手套——上次我看的时候，我喜欢戴手套。
Everett was so intrigued by the Coke recipe that he spent the last year of his life while he struggled with cancer researching and writing his own book, a history of the inventor of Coca-Cola, that's still unpublished.
埃弗里特对可口可乐的配方非常感兴趣，以至于在与癌症作斗争的最后一年里，他一直在研究和写自己的书，一本可口可乐发明者的历史，该书尚未出版。
Interestingly, just like the characters in Lord of the Rings when they get a hold of the ring, once Everett had the secret formula, like the people at Coca-Cola, he started to get protective.
有趣的是，就像《指环王》中的角色拿到戒指时一样，一旦埃弗雷特有了秘密配方，就像可口可乐的人一样，他就开始采取保护措施。
The recipe book now sits in a bank vault.
这本食谱现在存放在银行金库里。
Take his reaction when his fishing buddy, Charles, did the 1979 newspaper story about the recipe book.
1979 年，当他的钓鱼伙伴查尔斯 (Charles) 在报纸上报道这本食谱时，他的反应就是这样。
the newspaper published a photo that was big enough that you can read all the ingredients and the amounts, the entire recipe.
报纸刊登了一张足够大的照片，你可以看到所有的成分和数量，以及整个食谱。
Yeah, but not the formula page.
是的，但不是公式页面。
Mark Pendergrast Oh, here it is.
马克·彭德格拉斯特 噢，就是这里。
Yeah, so I'm looking at it here.
是啊，所以我就在这里看。
We sent a copy of that photo where you can see the recipe for Coca-Cola to that historian of Coca-Cola, the guy who wrote that book, Mark Pendergrast.
我们将那张照片的副本发送给了可口可乐历史学家、这本书的作者马克·彭德格拉斯特（Mark Pendergrast），您可以在其中看到可口可乐的配方。
Yeah.
是的。
I think that it certainly is a version of the formula.
我认为这肯定是公式的一个版本。
And it's very, very similar to the formula that I found that I talked about and printed in the back of my book.
它与我发现我在书的后面讨论和印刷的公式非常非常相似。
This was an amazing discovery.
这是一个惊人的发现。
In Mark's book he tells the story of looking through Coca-Cola's archives and being shown the yellowing pages of an old notebook that belonged to the inventor of Coca-Cola, John Pemberton.
在马克的书中，他讲述了翻阅可口可乐档案并看到可口可乐发明者约翰·彭伯顿的一本旧笔记本泛黄页面的故事。
The Coke people told him that it was from way before Pemberton moved to Atlanta, way before he invented Coke.
可口可乐的人告诉他，这是在彭伯顿搬到亚特兰大之前，远在他发明可口可乐之前。
But in fact, it was quite clear that it was a formula book from at least after he'd invented Coca-Cola, because it mentioned Coca-Cola.
但事实上，很明显，这是一本至少在他发明可口可乐之后的配方书，因为它提到了可口可乐。
Apparently not.
显然不是。
So in this formula book there was a piece of paper that had a big X on the top of it.
所以在这本公式书里有一张纸，上面有一个大X。
And as I looked at it, I thought, I saw this flavoring ingredient.
当我看着它时，我想，我看到了这种调味成分。
It had neroli.
它有橙花。
It had coriander.
它有香菜。
I thought, my God.
我想，天啊。
This is a Coca-Cola formula.
这是可口可乐的配方。
I couldn't believe it.
我简直不敢相信。
New York Times May 2, 1993, the year Mark's book was published, Coca-Cola calls the recipe in his book, quote, "The latest in a long line of previous unsuccessful attempts to reveal a 107 year old mystery."
《纽约时报》1993 年 5 月 2 日，即马克的书出版的那一年，可口可乐称他书中的配方为“此前一系列未能成功揭开 107 年之谜的尝试中的最新一次”。
But here's where things get interesting.
但这就是事情变得有趣的地方。
When you compare these two recipes, the one that Mark found in John Pemberton's own notebook, stored deep inside Coca-Cola's very own archives, and the one from the 1979 newspaper clipping found 40 miles away in Griffin, Georgia--
当你比较这两种配方时，马克在约翰·彭伯顿自己的笔记本中发现的一种，深藏在可口可乐自己的档案中，而来自 1979 年剪报中的一种则在 40 英里外的佐治亚州格里芬发现——
Oil of lemon.
柠檬油。
Ira Glass --not only do they match up ingredient for ingredient, identical--
Ira Glass——它们不仅将成分与成分相匹配，而且是相同的——
Oil of coriander.
香菜油。
Ira Glass --the recipe in the newspaper fills in things that the one in the Coke archive leaves blank.
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass）——报纸上的配方填补了可口可乐档案中空白的东西。
The recipe from Coke's archive just lists numbers next to each ingredient.
可口可乐档案中的配方只列出了每种成分旁边的数字。
But the newspaper says what the numbers stand for: ounces and drops and drams.
但报纸上说了这些数字代表的意思：盎司、滴和德拉姆。
The recipe that was found in Coke's archive is just labeled X.
在可口可乐档案中找到的配方只是标记为“X”。
The newspaper one says clearly, this recipe is Cocoa-Cola.
报纸上清楚地写着，这个配方是可可乐。
I got into this wondering if it might be possible that this super secret recipe had been hiding in plain sight in an old newspaper clipping for decades.
我开始思考这个超级秘方是否有可能几十年来一直隐藏在旧剪报中的众目睽睽之下。
But once I learned that it actually matched this recipe in Coke's own archives, written by the creator of Coke, it was hard not to get very excited.
但当我得知它实际上与可口可乐自己的档案中的配方（由可口可乐的创造者编写）相匹配时，我很难不感到非常兴奋。
These last two weeks I've been carrying around a printout of the recipe everywhere I go, this one that I have right here with me in the studio today.
在过去的两周里，我无论走到哪里都随身携带一份食谱的打印件，今天我在工作室里就带着这份打印件。
And I've been telling everybody I see, I think I may have found the secret formula for Coke.
我一直告诉我见到的每个人，我想我可能已经找到了可口可乐的秘密配方。
And then I just watch them freak out.
然后我就看着他们吓坏了。
So now, right here on the radio, I will read you the formula.
现在，我将在广播中向您朗读公式。
You have heard the facts.
你已经听到了事实。
You can draw your own conclusions as to what this is.
您可以就这是什么得出自己的结论。
Oh, wait, but first-- Ira Glass Is it legal for us to even talk about this on the radio?
哦，等等，但首先—— Ira Glass 我们在广播中讨论这个问题合法吗？
Is Coke going to sue us both?
可口可乐会起诉我们俩吗？
No, I don't think they will.
不，我认为他们不会。
Because if they sued anything pertaining to the formula, then they would have to then produce the formula in order to say that what you were doing was an infringement on their formula.
因为如果他们起诉与该公式有关的任何内容，那么他们就必须提供该公式，以便说您所做的事情侵犯了他们的公式。
And they will never do that.
他们永远不会那样做。
Great.
伟大的。
Here we go.
开始了。
The 7x formula is just one element in these two recipes.
7x 公式只是这两个配方中的一个要素。
It's made from 20 drops of orange oil, 30 of lemon oil, 10 of nutmeg oil, 5 of coriander oil, 10 of neroli oil-- neroli's a kind of orangey flavor-- 10 of cinnamon oil, and 8 ounces of alcohol.
它是由 20 滴橙油、30 滴柠檬油、10 滴肉豆蔻油、5 滴芫荽油、10 滴橙花油（橙花油是橙味的一种）、10 滴肉桂油和 8 盎司酒精制成。
You mix that together, and then you take a little bit of that flavoring.
你把它们混合在一起，然后加入一点调味料。
One recipe says two ounces, the other says two and a half.
一份食谱说是两盎司，另一份说是两盎司半。
You put that into another container where you're going to mix the syrup for the soda.
你把它放入另一个容器中，在那里你将糖浆混合成苏打水。
The other ingredients, 3 ounces citric acid, 1 ounce caffeine, 2 and a 1/2 gallons of water.
其他成分为 3 盎司柠檬酸、1 盎司咖啡因、2 加仑和 1/2 加仑水。
The recipe calls that aqua.
配方称其为水。
2 pints of lime juice, an ounce of vanilla, 1 and 1/2 ounces of caramel coloring.
2 品脱酸橙汁、一盎司香草精、1又1/2 盎司焦糖色素。
And then we arrive at the two most controversial ingredients in Coca-Cola.
然后我们来看看可口可乐中最具争议的两种成分。
30 pounds of sugar-- pounds-- and at the very top of the page, first ingredient, FE coca, which stands for fluid extract of coca.
30 磅糖——磅——在页面的最顶部，第一种成分是 FE 古柯，它代表古柯液体提取物。
That'll be the flavor of the coca leaf, which includes a small amount of cocaine.
这就是古柯叶的味道，其中含有少量的可卡因。
In fact, Mark says that cocaine figures in a big way in the creation of Coca-Cola.
事实上，马克说可卡因在可口可乐的创造中发挥了重要作用。
Before he invented Coke, John Pemberton had a hit with another drink called French Wine Coca.
在发明可口可乐之前，约翰·彭伯顿（John Pemberton）对另一种名为法国葡萄酒可口可乐（French Wine Coca）的饮料很感兴趣。
It's ingredients: wine, cocaine, and caffeine.
它的成分是：酒、可卡因和咖啡因。
Hard to see why people went for that one, right?
很难理解为什么人们会选择那个，对吧？
Then, in 1885, Atlanta voted for prohibition, and Pemberton realized that he was going to have to get rid of the wine in his bestselling drink.
然后，1885 年，亚特兰大投票支持禁酒令，彭伯顿意识到他必须去掉他最畅销饮料中的葡萄酒。
So he kept the two other ingredients, the cocaine and the caffeine.
所以他保留了另外两种成分：可卡因和咖啡因。
People loved those.
人们喜欢那些。
But when you mix cocaine and caffeine together, they're bitter.
但当你将可卡因和咖啡因混合在一起时，它们会很苦。
So he pours in a ton of sugar to cut the bitterness and voila, Coca-Cola.
所以他倒入了一吨糖来减少苦味，瞧，可口可乐。
Pemberton called it his temperance drink.
彭伯顿称其为他的禁酒饮料。
I mean, this is an interesting thing.
我的意思是，这是一件有趣的事情。
They still do use coca leaf for Coke, but they decocainize it in Maywood, New Jersey at the Stepan Chemical Company, which was--
他们仍然使用古柯叶来制作可乐，但他们在新泽西州梅伍德的 Stepan 化学公司将其脱可卡因，该公司是——
Wait.
等等。
So there's a plant in New Jersey, and basically they import tons and tons of coca leaves.
新泽西州有一家工厂，基本上他们进口成吨的古柯叶。
They remove the cocaine from the coca leaf?
他们从古柯叶中去除可卡因？
1903 being the year that Coca-Cola rids itself of cocaine.
1903 年是可口可乐公司停止使用可卡因的一年。
So there's all this circumstantial evidence pointing to this recipe being the original recipe for Coca-Cola.
所以所有这些间接证据都表明这个配方是可口可乐的原始配方。
Or at any rate, one of the original recipes.
或者至少是原始食谱之一。
But the only way to tell for sure would be to make a batch.
但唯一能确定的方法就是制作一批。
Taste it.
尝尝吧。
The historian had never done that, the columnist back in 1979 never did it.
历史学家从未这样做过，1979 年的专栏作家也从未这样做过。
That would be the final test.
那将是最后的测试。
So we set out to do it.
于是我们就着手去做。
First obstacle in our path, kind of a huge one-- coca leaves are a Schedule II controlled substance.
我们道路上的第一个障碍，有点巨大——古柯叶是附表二管制物质。
Totally illegal in the United States.
在美国完全违法。
When we asked the company that brings them in under special federal supervision and decocainizes them for Coca-Cola, this company Stepan, and asked them to sell us some, they stopped returning our calls.
当我们询问将它们纳入联邦特别监管并为可口可乐脱可卡因的公司 Stepan，并要求他们向我们出售一些时，他们不再回复我们的电话。
No coca leaves, no way to make the secret recipe.
没有古柯叶，就没有办法制作秘方。
But then, my fellow This American Life producer Ben Calhoun turned to an obscure back alley resource called the internet.
但后来，我的《美国生活》制片人本·卡尔霍恩（Ben Calhoun）转向了一种名为互联网的不起眼的后巷资源。
Wow, look at this.
哇，看看这个。
I just typed coca tea into the search.
我刚刚在搜索中输入了古柯茶。
5, 6, 7-- there's like a dozen things.
5、6、7——大概有十几件事。
More than a dozen, 15, 20 things come up which are coca tea just in amazon.com.
仅在亚马逊网站上就出现了十几、十五、二十种古柯茶。
So the way that Coke does it with taking the cocaine out, this company says that they do the same thing.
因此，可口可乐公司将可卡因取出来的方式，该公司表示他们也在做同样的事情。
So the hardest part was done, except for making the soda.
这样，除了制作苏打水之外，最困难的部分就完成了。
For that we turned to professionals.
为此，我们求助于专业人士。
When we first sent you guys this recipe and you took a look at it, can I just ask you, what did you think when you saw the ingredients?
当我们第一次向你们发送这个食谱并且你们看了它时，我可以问你们，当你们看到成分时有什么想法？
It was pretty dizzying for me.
这对我来说非常令人头晕。
Mike Spear MIKE SPEAR: Yeah, I mean it took a little while to sort of translate the handwriting and figure out what it was.
Mike Spear MIKE SPEAR： 是的，我的意思是花了一点时间来翻译笔迹并弄清楚它是什么。
Meet Eric Chastain and Mike Spear, respectively the VP of operations and the marketing director at Jones Soda in Seattle.
认识一下埃里克·查斯坦 (Eric Chastain) 和迈克·斯皮尔 (Mike Spear)，他们分别是西雅图 Jones Soda 的运营副总裁和营销总监。
Jones makes it living on flavors like cream soda and green apple soda.
琼斯以其奶油苏打水和青苹果苏打水等口味为生。
But they're also known for being willing to try anything.
但他们也以愿意尝试任何事情而闻名。
They have made turkey and gravy soda, they've made Brussels sprout soda.
他们制作了火鸡和肉汁苏打水，还制作了抱子甘蓝苏打水。
We sent them our recipe, and by the time that Ben and I got to their office, Mike and Eric had already made up a couple bottles of our recipe and were ready for a taste test.
我们把我们的食谱发给他们，当本和我到达他们的办公室时，迈克和埃里克已经配制了几瓶我们的食谱，并准备进行口味测试。
Our stuff versus real Coca-Cola.
我们的产品与真正的可口可乐。
We were worried that asking you guys to go out and make Coca-Cola was like asking you to like go into the Death Star and blow up some planets or something.
我们担心要求你们出去生产可口可乐就像要求你们进入死星并炸毁一些行星或其他东西一样。
There was a little debate over that.
对此有一些争论。
Mike Spear There was a debate.
迈克·斯皮尔（Mike Spear）进行了一场辩论。
Yeah, for sure.
是的，当然。
[POURING] Ira Glass First, samples from our soda, the one from the 1979 newspaper, are poured into little cups.
[倒入] Ira Glass 首先，将我们的苏打水样品（来自 1979 年报纸的苏打水样品）倒入小杯子中。
We're instructed to sniff first, then take a small sip, roll it around in our mouths.
我们被要求先闻一闻，然后喝一小口，在嘴里滚动。
We really do not know what to expect.
我们真的不知道会发生什么。
It's kind of tasty.
有点好吃。
Eric Chastain It is kind of tasty.
埃里克·查斯坦（Eric Chastain） 有点好吃。
It's not bad.
这还不错。
It's definitely got a medicinal note to it.
它肯定有药用成分。
Yeah, it does.
是的，确实如此。
Ira Glass I find it to be really mediciney.
Ira Glass 我发现它真的很有药用。
And if you didn't tell me that this was the Coca-Cola recipe, I wouldn't have known.
如果你不告诉我这是可口可乐的配方，我就不会知道。
It tastes fruity.
尝起来有果香。
Ben says the flavor is like Froot Loops.
本说味道就像果圈。
To me, it's more like orange-flavored baby aspirin.
对我来说，它更像是橙味婴儿阿司匹林。
Which means, we failed, right?
这意味着我们失败了，对吧？
We made the recipe.
我们做了食谱。
You would never mistake it for Coca-Cola.
你永远不会把它误认为是可口可乐。
But then it occurred to us, maybe the original version of Coca-Cola did not taste like Coke today.
但后来我们想到，也许原来的可口可乐尝起来不像今天的可口可乐。
Charles Candler, that guy who was taken into the holy of holies to learn the secret recipe from his dad, wrote this, "The Pemberton product--" that is the original product-- "did not have an altogether agreeable taste.
查尔斯·坎德勒（Charles Candler），那个被带入至圣所向他父亲学习秘方的人，写道：“彭伯顿产品——”这是最初的产品——“味道并不完全令人愉快。
It was unstable.
它很不稳定。
It contained too many things.
它包含了太多的东西。
Too much of some ingredients and too little of others.
某些成分太多而另一些成分太少。
The bouquet of several of the volatile essential oils previously used was adversely affected by some ingredients."
以前使用的几种挥发性精油的香味受到某些成分的不利影响。”
That could be the lime and baby aspirin flavored mess that we had just tried.
那可能是我们刚刚尝试过的酸橙和婴儿阿司匹林口味的混乱。
But there was another possibility.
但还有另一种可能性。
The soda guys thought that technology has gotten so much better at extracting flavors like orange oil and lemon oil from fruits in the last 125 years, it's possible that all our ingredients are much, much stronger than Pemberton worked with back in 1886.
苏打水制造商认为，在过去 125 年中，从水果中提取橙油和柠檬油等风味的技术已经取得了很大进步，我们所有的成分可能都比 1886 年 Pemberton 所用的成分要浓郁得多。
So Eric and Mike called the flavor company that they're working on with all this-- it's a company that specializes in beverage flavors called Sovereign down in Orange County, California-- and asked if they could do a version that tones down the citrus and other flavors.
因此，埃里克和迈克打电话给他们正在研究这一切的香料公司——这是一家位于加利福尼亚州奥兰治县的名为 Sovereign down 的专门生产饮料香料的公司——并询问他们是否可以制作一种淡化柑橘和其他口味的版本。
Chemicals are all over here.
这里到处都是化学品。
Ira Glass A few hours later we have flown south to Los Angeles.
艾拉·格拉斯 (Ira Glass) 几个小时后，我们向南飞往洛杉矶。
We are in Sovereign's lab, a room that smells like you're inside a bag of jelly beans.
我们在 Sovereign 的实验室里，房间里闻起来就像你在一袋软糖里一样。
And we do a second taste test.
我们进行第二次口味测试。
All right, so we've got the revised cola on the left and then Coca-Cola on the right.
好吧，左边是修改后的可乐，右边是可口可乐。
In the lab with us and Mike from Jones Soda were David Ames, who runs the flavor company, and his staff.
与我们和琼斯苏打公司的迈克一起在实验室里的是经营这家调味品公司的大卫·艾姆斯 (David Ames) 和他的员工。
Going with the idea that our essential oils were much stronger than Pemberton's, they ended up cutting the amount of flavor in half.
他们认为我们的精油比彭伯顿的精油更浓烈，因此他们最终将风味量减少了一半。
And then they tried it and they thought, oh, let's cut it in half again.
然后他们尝试了一下，然后想，哦，我们再把它切成两半吧。
But also, the flavor profile is almost at the same intensity as the Coke flavor profile.
而且，风味特征几乎与可口可乐的风味特征具有相同的强度。
I would say probably, what, on a the scale of 10?
我会说大概，什么，以 10 为单位？
We're probably around 9, I would say.
我想说，我们大概九岁左右。
8 and 1/2, 9.
8和1/2，9。
Later I talked to Steve Warth, the guy who did the heavy lifting in converting that old formula into modern lab measurements.
后来我与史蒂夫·沃斯（Steve Warth）交谈，他负责将旧公式转换为现代实验室测量结果。
He's the one in charge of developing Sovereign's flavors.
他是负责开发 Sovereign 口味的人。
He says the ingredients in this old recipe were no surprise to him.
他说这个旧食谱中的成分对他来说并不奇怪。
Most of them are the same ingredients you use to make any cola.
其中大多数与制作可乐所用的成分相同。
Orange oil, lemon oil, nutmeg, and cinnamon would be the main ones.
橙油、柠檬油、肉豆蔻和肉桂是主要的。
I noticed that the neroli and the coriander seemed higher than what I've seen elsewhere.
我注意到橙花和香菜似乎比我在其他地方看到的要高。
Steve said that if we ever decided to match Coca-Cola the way it tastes today, lots of things about the formula are widely known.
史蒂夫说，如果我们决定将可口可乐与今天的口味相匹配，那么有关配方的很多事情都会广为人知。
We'd have to replace the citric acid in the old formula with phosphoric acid.
我们必须用磷酸代替旧配方中的柠檬酸。
That's what modern sodas use.
这就是现代苏打水所使用的。
We would replace the lime juice with lime oil.
我们会用酸橙油代替酸橙汁。
We'd swap this sugar for high fructose corn syrup.
我们会把这种糖换成高果糖玉米糖浆。
I know in some of the other flavor companies that I've worked at, we've worked on trying to get as close.
我知道在我工作过的其他一些香料公司中，我们一直在努力接近这一点。
We've had customers that come in and say, I want an exact match for Coke.
有些顾客进来说，我想要一款与可口可乐完全匹配的产品。
And they're usually pretty close.
而且他们通常非常接近。
So basically, this idea of Coke, it's the super secret thing that nobody could crack, from your perspective, that's just some very cheerful showmanship on their part.
所以基本上，可口可乐的这个想法，这是一个超级秘密，没有人可以破解，从你的角度来看，这只是他们的一些非常令人愉快的表演。
Well, actually, no. It isn't.
嗯，实际上，不。事实并非如此。
If you wanted to go side by side and match it exactly, that's very difficult.
如果你想并排并且完全匹配，那是非常困难的。
And that's not only difficult for Coca-Cola, it's difficult for everything.
这不仅对可口可乐来说是困难的，对所有事情来说都是困难的。
That's because even if you know that there's say, cinnamon, in a drink, you don't know where it came from-- Sri Lanka, Indonesia.
那是因为，即使你知道饮料中含有肉桂，你也不知道它来自哪里——斯里兰卡、印度尼西亚。
And that can make all the difference in the flavor.
这可以使味道完全不同。
I asked the flavor guys at Sovereign if they could pick out the real Coca-Cola from our formula in a blind taste test.
我问 Sovereign 的调味人员是否可以通过盲味测试从我们的配方中挑选出真正的可口可乐。
I'd be able to tell.
我能说出来。
Man Yeah, there's probably a good chance that we will.
伙计，是的，我们很有可能会这样做。
Yes.
是的。
So we marked the little plastic cups which had real Coca-Cola with a Sharpie, just a little dot on the bottom of the cup.
所以我们用记号笔在装有真正可口可乐的小塑料杯上做了标记，只是在杯子底部有一个小点。
The cups with our formula had no dot.
装有我们配方奶粉的杯子没有点。
Everyone tasted.
大家都尝了尝。
David, the guy who runs the company, was sure that he was drinking our formula.
公司的负责人大卫确信他喝的是我们的配方奶粉。
And then he flipped over the cup and saw--
然后他翻转杯子，看到——
Sharpie.
记号笔。
I got a Sharpie.
我有一个记号笔。
Ira Glass Meaning he thought our formula was Coca-Cola.
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass）的意思是他认为我们的配方是可口可乐。
I got a Sharpie.
我有一个记号笔。
Ira Glass Do you think ordinary consumers would be able to pick out which one of these is real Coca-Cola?
Ira Glass 您认为普通消费者能够辨别出哪一款是真正的可口可乐吗？
I highly doubt it.
我非常怀疑。
I seriously doubt that.
我严重怀疑这一点。
I think if we would do a blind test right now with a regular consumer, I think we will be able to fool them.
我认为，如果我们现在对普通消费者进行盲测，我想我们将能够愚弄他们。
Attention all [INAUDIBLE] shoppers.
所有[听不清]的购物者请注意。
Take a moment to look down at your shopping carts.
花点时间低头看看您的购物车。
You may have the wrong cart.
您可能放错了购物车。
If you have the wrong cart, please return it to the [INAUDIBLE] department.
如果您的购物车有误，请将其退回[听不清]部门。
Thank you.
谢谢。
Ben and I put on lab coats and we set up a table in aisle 2B of a supermarket one afternoon with bottles of our soda-- that is, the formula from the 1979 newspaper article-- and Coca-Cola.
一天下午，本和我穿上实验服，在一家超市的 2B 过道里摆了一张桌子，桌上摆着瓶装苏打水（即 1979 年报纸文章中的配方）和可口可乐。
Taste test time.
试味时间。
One of the first people who came up to us was actually a woman who had worked supermarket tastings herself.
第一批来找我们的人实际上是一位曾在超市品尝过的女士。
Use your smiles.
用你的微笑。
People love to see a smile.
人们喜欢看到微笑。
And when you get a smile back, that's when you're like, hey, you want to [SNAP] try a sample?
当你得到微笑时，你就会想，嘿，你想[SNAP]尝试一下样品吗？
That's how you know.
你就是这样知道的。
Do I have to make the [SNAP] sound?
我必须发出[SNAP]声吗？
(SUBJECT) WOMAN 2: No, you don't have to.
（对象） 女人 2：不，你不必这样做。
That's what I do sometimes.
我有时就是这样做的。
Tastes like a really cheap cola.
味道就像非常便宜的可乐。
Ira Glass And before we told people what they were, we asked which they liked better.
Ira Glass 在我们告诉人们它们是什么之前，我们问他们更喜欢哪一个。
(SUBJECT) The first one.
（主题）第一个。
Though, to be fair to Coca-Cola, people who said they drank a lot of soft drinks, they always preferred the Coke.
不过，公平地说，对于可口可乐来说，那些说自己喝了很多软饮料的人，他们总是更喜欢可口可乐。
It's better than the first one.
这比第一个好。
Ira Glass And when we asked people to guess which of the two drinks was Coca-Cola, to our surprise actually, of the 30 people that we polled, 28 could tell which was Coca-Cola.
Ira Glass 当我们让人们猜出两种饮料中哪一种是可口可乐时，令我们惊讶的是，在我们调查的 30 个人中，有 28 人能猜出哪一种是可口可乐。
Our formula was that different.
我们的公式是那么不同。
People saw a family resemblance though.
但人们看到了家族的相似之处。
It had an aftertaste that made me stop and think for a minute.
它的余味让我停下来想了一会儿。
But I can tell it was somewhere in there or was manufactured by Coke.
但我可以看出它就在那里的某个地方或者是可口可乐制造的。
There was just one more person that I wanted to taste the soda that we made and look at the recipe.
我还有一个人想尝尝我们制作的苏打水并看看配方。
And that was the Coca-Cola's corporation resident expert on the history of the product and its early formulas.
那是可口可乐公司的常驻专家，了解该产品及其早期配方的历史。
My Name is Phil Mooney.
我的名字是菲尔·穆尼。
I'm the archivist for the Coca-Cola company based in Atlanta, Georgia.
我是位于佐治亚州亚特兰大的可口可乐公司的档案管理员。
My quick reaction is that it's sweeter and flatter than Coca-Cola.
我的快速反应是它比可口可乐更甜、更平淡。
It doesn't have what we call the bite and the burn that Coca-Cola has.
它没有我们所说的可口可乐那样的咬感和灼烧感。
I told Phil everything that we knew about the recipe-- the newspaper article it came from, how it matched a recipe deep in his own archives.
我告诉菲尔我们所知道的关于这个食谱的一切——它来自报纸上的文章，它如何与他自己档案深处的食谱相匹配。
He was not impressed.
他没有留下深刻的印象。
Very, very not impressed.
非常非常没有印象。
And really, this is not unusual.
事实上，这并不罕见。
I can't tell you how many people have come forward over the years and claimed to have the formula for Coca-Cola.
我无法告诉你这些年来有多少人站出来声称拥有可口可乐的配方。
I probably have three or four dozen examples of that.
我可能有三四打这样的例子。
And they'll say, well, I knew this old pharmacist-- almost the same story that you told me.
他们会说，好吧，我认识这位老药剂师——几乎和你告诉我的故事一样。
And he got this recipe from a friend, usually it's a friend of Asa Candler or John Pemberton.
他从一个朋友那里得到了这个食谱，通常是阿萨·坎德勒或约翰·彭伯顿的朋友。
And do most of them have these same ingredients?
它们中的大多数都含有相同的成分吗？
They have lime, and they have neroli and cinnamon and nutmeg?
他们有酸橙，还有橙花、肉桂和肉豆蔻？
We went around and around on this.
我们在这件事上绕了又绕。
To me, the fact that the recipe showed up over and over gave it credibility.
对我来说，这个食谱一次又一次出现的事实赋予了它可信度。
Coke's inventor John Pemberton was known to have sold the recipe to several different people back in the early days.
据了解，可口可乐的发明者约翰·彭伯顿（John Pemberton）早年曾将其配方卖给了几个不同的人。
And the fact that it had appeared in his own notebook in Coke's archive seemed like the clincher.
事实上，它出现在可口可乐档案中他自己的笔记本中，这一事实似乎是决定性的。
But Phil said that no, no, that notebook, if we were to look at it more closely, was full of all kinds of failed attempts at soda recipes and variations on recipes.
但菲尔说，不，不，如果我们更仔细地观察的话，那本笔记本充满了各种对苏打水配方和配方变化的失败尝试。
So it was hard for him to believe that the real formula for Coke was stuck in there among that stuff.
所以他很难相信可口可乐的真正配方就藏在这些东西里。
Could it be a precursor?
会不会是一个前兆？
Yeah.
是的。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
Is this one that went to market?
这是上市的吗？
I don't think so.
我不这么认为。
But we don't know?
但我们不知道？
Phil Mooney We're pretty sure.
菲尔·穆尼：我们非常确定。
We're pretty sure that the final recipe was not the one represented in that book.
我们非常确定最终的食谱不是那本书中提到的食谱。
I asked him if anybody at Coca-Cola who had access to the original recipe, which he says they still have, actually checked to see if it matched the one in that notebook.
我问他，可口可乐公司是否有人能够接触到原始配方（他说他们仍然拥有），是否真的检查过它是否与笔记本中的配方相符。
And he politely side-stepped that question and we moved on.
他礼貌地回避了这个问题，然后我们继续前进。
And there's all this fuss about the secret formula, but it seems like the basic ingredients of Coca-Cola are actually on the public record.
关于秘密配方有很多大惊小怪，但可口可乐的基本成分似乎实际上已公开记录。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
Ira Glass So we put it to him.
Ira Glass 所以我们把它交给了他。
Was the secret formula really a secret?
秘方真的是秘密吗？
He said that even if somebody cracked the entire manufacturing process, which he said they'd have to do, and produce something very, very close, Coke has this whole of this thing nobody can touch.
他说，即使有人破解了整个制造过程（他说他们必须这样做）并生产出非常非常接近的东西，可口可乐也拥有无人能触及的整个制造过程。
There's a psychological element to this product.
这个产品有一个心理因素。
We've got a 125 years worth of marketing and advertising.
我们拥有 125 年的营销和广告经验。
And people's memories.
还有人们的记忆。
Well in the supermarket, when we were in the supermarket, one of the young women who tasted the product, she tasted an unmarked little cup of Coca-Cola and she said, "That tastes like my childhood."
那么在超市，当我们在超市时，其中一位品尝该产品的年轻女性，她尝了一小杯没有标记的可口可乐，她说，“那味道就像我的童年。”
There you go.
就这样吧。
Yeah.
是的。
Ira Glass That's what 125 years of omnipresent worldwide distribution and promotion buys you.
Ira Glass 这就是 125 年无所不在的全球发行和推广为您带来的东西。
I told Phil that we were going to put up the old recipe that we found on our website and asked him if it would be OK with Coke if listeners would try to make batches themselves-- all the ingredients and oils that you need are online.
我告诉菲尔，我们将把我们在网站上找到的旧配方贴出来，并问他如果听众尝试自己制作批次，可口可乐是否可以接受——你需要的所有成分和油都在网上。
They're cheap too.
它们也很便宜。
And he laughed and said, "Yeah.
他笑着说：“是啊。
Yeah, let them try.
是的，让他们试试。
They'll come running back to Coke."
他们会跑回可口可乐那里。”
Coming up, how much does one of President Obama's old spark plugs sell for, and the search for other historical originals.
接下来，奥巴马总统的一个旧火花塞能卖多少钱，以及寻找其他历史原件。
In a minute, from Chicago Public Radio and Public Radio International when our program continues.
稍后，芝加哥公共广播电台和国际公共广播电台将继续我们的节目。
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Today's show, "Original Recipe." Stories of people going to great lengths to find the authentic original item.
今天的节目是“原始食谱”。人们竭尽全力寻找正宗原创物品的故事。
We have arrived at act two of our show.
我们已经到了节目的第二幕了。
Act two, "Ask not what your handwriting analyst can do for you; ask what you can do for your handwriting analyst."
第二幕，“不要问你的笔迹分析师能为你做什么，而要问你能为你的笔迹分析师做什么。”
When you find an old, authentic original it can, of course, mean lots and lots of money.
当您找到一件古老的、正宗的原件时，它当然意味着很多很多的钱。
Jake Halpern tells what happened when somebody stumbled onto a trove of astounding papers, which lots of people thought was worth millions.
杰克·哈尔彭 (Jake Halpern) 讲述了当有人偶然发现一堆令人震惊的论文时发生的事情，很多人认为这些论文价值数百万美元。
John Reznikoff buys and sells relics and documents.
约翰·雷兹尼科夫买卖文物和文件。
He's got a sprawling office in Westport, Connecticut that's floor to ceiling history.
他在康涅狄格州韦斯特波特拥有一间宽敞的办公室，从地板到天花板都有悠久的历史。
Old documents hanging everywhere signed by Thomas Jefferson or James Madison or John Hancock.
到处都挂着由托马斯·杰斐逊、詹姆斯·麦迪逊或约翰·汉考克签名的旧文件。
He's got Abraham Lincoln's spectacles in a file cabinet.
他的文件柜里有亚伯拉罕·林肯的眼镜。
And in the middle of the room, as if some movers just dumped it there, something that looks like an old school desk.
在房间中央，好像是搬家工人刚刚把它扔在那里的，看起来像一张旧课桌。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: That's Abraham Lincoln's desk.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：那是亚伯拉罕·林肯的办公桌。
And why is it sitting here?
为什么它坐在这里？
Good question.
好问题。
I need to get it restored.
我需要让它恢复。
By the way, $325,000, if you're interested.
顺便说一句，如果你有兴趣的话，325,000 美元。
In a back room there's Annie Oakley's gun leaning up against the shelf where Earnest Hemingway's typewriter sits, alongside Franklin Roosevelt's chess set.
在后面的房间里，安妮·奥克利的枪靠在架子上，架子上放着欧内斯特·海明威的打字机，旁边放着富兰克林·罗斯福的国际象棋。
It's like what you'd see if the Smithsonian had a going out of business sale.
这就像史密森学会停业出售时你会看到的情况一样。
The strangest thing that he bought and sold recently was President Obama's old Jeep.
他最近买卖的最奇怪的东西是奥巴马总统的旧吉普车。
It helped that Obama had mentioned the car in a speech at Chrysler.
奥巴马在克莱斯勒的一次演讲中提到了这款车，这对他很有帮助。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: And I put a little clip of that on a YouTube video.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我在 YouTube 视频上放了一个小片段。
And I'll do my best Obama impersonation.
我会尽力模仿奥巴马。
"My first car was a Jeep Grand Cherokee.
“我的第一辆车是吉普大切诺基。
I loved that car."
我喜欢那辆车。”
It sold for a lot, though John wouldn't say how much.
它卖了很多钱，但约翰没有透露多少钱。
When the guy who bought it had it repaired, John asked if he could keep the spare parts.
当买它的人把它修好后，约翰问他是否可以保留备件。
He stores them in a closet in his office.
他把它们存放在办公室的壁橱里。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: I'm not kidding, right.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我不是在开玩笑，对吧。
So I guess these are struts.
所以我猜这些都是支柱。
Those are Obama's struts.
这些都是奥巴马的高调。
And [RUMMAGING] in the bottom-- here, I'll grab a spark plug.
在底部[翻箱倒柜]——在这里，我会抓起一个火花塞。
There.
那里。
There's a spark plug from Obama's car.
奥巴马汽车上有一个火花塞。
I actually just sold one of these for $500 because it was Obama's.
实际上我刚刚以 500 美元的价格卖掉了其中一件，因为它是奥巴马的。
Sucker, right?
傻瓜，对吧？
$500 for a spark plug?
火花塞500美元？
But five minutes in John's office and you realize, people will buy anything connected to historical figures, assuming it's real.
但在约翰的办公室呆上五分钟，你就会意识到，人们会购买任何与历史人物有关的东西，假设它是真实的。
This business, especially the rare document business, can be risky.
这项业务，尤其是稀有文件业务，可能存在风险。
There are so many fakes out there.
那里有很多假货。
So John is a fanatic about authenticity.
所以约翰非常注重真实性。
He's studied fakes to see how they're made.
他研究了赝品，看看它们是如何制作的。
He owns a huge collection of forgeries he bought from another collector and he uses it as a reference.
他拥有大量从另一位收藏家那里购买的赝品，并将其用作参考。
He can sometimes even identify a particular forger.
有时他甚至可以识别特定的伪造者。
And part of his office looks like a lab on CSI.
他办公室的一部分看起来就像是 CSI 的实验室。
He's got a special high-powered magnifier called a proscope, and a video spectral comparator, a $30,000 machine used to analyze ink.
他有一个特殊的高性能放大镜，称为探视镜，还有一个视频光谱比较器，这是一台价值 30,000 美元的机器，用于分析墨水。
John's called as an expert witness on handwriting in all kinds of court cases.
约翰在各类法庭案件中被传唤为笔迹专家证人。
He's a go-to guy in his field for spotting fake autographs.
在他的领域里，他是发现假签名的最佳人选。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: At the risk of sounding egotistical, everybody in the business who wants an opinion on pretty much any presidential person, the first person they come to is me.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：冒着听起来自负的风险，业内每个人想要对几乎任何总统人物发表意见，他们第一个来找的人就是我。
That's a big change in the 13 years.
这是13年来的巨大变化。
13 years ago.
13年前。
That's when John's career all but collapsed in a scandal so deep and far-reaching that people are still arguing about what exactly happened.
就在那时，约翰的职业生涯几乎因一桩影响深远的丑闻而崩溃，人们至今仍在争论到底发生了什么。
Even John himself isn't entirely sure.
甚至约翰本人也不能完全确定。
He made mistakes he didn't know he could make.
他犯了一些他不知道自己会犯的错误。
Mistakes he didn't even suspect.
他甚至没有怀疑过错误。
And for years, he didn't talk about it, until now.
多年来，他一直没有谈论过这件事，直到现在。
It all started in 1992, when John got a call from a guy named Lawrence X.
这一切都始于 1992 年，当时约翰接到一个名叫劳伦斯 X 的人打来的电话。
Cusack III.
库萨克三世。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: Very nice, very friendly guy, and he had some beautiful stamps that he was selling that were his father's, his father's collection.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：非常好的、非常友好的人，他出售一些漂亮的邮票，这些邮票是他父亲的，他父亲的收藏。
And I remember it included some very nice illustrated envelopes from the 19th century.
我记得里面有一些 19 世纪的精美插图信封。
And I bought them in several batches and became very friendly with him.
我分批购买了它们，并与他变得非常友好。
He seemed to be very educated, extremely well polished, very well dressed.
他看起来受过很好的教育，非常优雅，穿着也很考究。
The two of them hit it off.
两人一拍即合。
They started to hang out on the weekends.
他们开始在周末出去玩。
John was engaged at the time and Cusack-- everyone called him Lex-- had a pretty young wife.
约翰当时订婚了，库萨克——大家都叫他莱克斯——有一个年轻漂亮的妻子。
They'd all have dinner at an Italian place.
他们都在一家意大利餐厅吃晚饭。
To John, Lex was a kind of worldly older brother.
对于约翰来说，莱克斯就像一位世俗的哥哥。
They started confiding in each other.
他们开始互相倾诉。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: In the beginning, he unraveled his military career, which I thought was the coolest thing I'd ever heard.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：一开始，他讲述了他的军事生涯，我认为这是我听过的最酷的事情。
John had a particular reverence for soldiers.
约翰对士兵有着特别的尊敬。
His own dad had served in the Pacific in World War II, and John still talks about the time when he was eight and his father took out his army uniform covered in medals and ribbons, laid it out on the family's ping pong table.
他自己的父亲曾在第二次世界大战中在太平洋服役，约翰仍然会谈论他八岁的时候，他的父亲拿出挂满奖章和丝带的军装，把它放在家里的乒乓球桌上。
Ever since, John had been sort of obsessed with the military.
从那时起，约翰就对军队有点着迷。
He'd never joined himself, but he was eager to listen to someone like Lex, who told him he'd been in the Navy flying F-16's during Vietnam.
他从未加入过自己的行列，但他渴望听听莱克斯这样的人的意见，莱克斯告诉他，他在越战期间曾在海军服役，驾驶 F-16 战斗机。
Lex was quiet about it.
Lex对此保持沉默。
John had to pry the details out of him.
约翰不得不从他嘴里打听细节。
That he'd been downed in Cambodia and survived by hiding in a swamp, breathing through a reed.
他在柬埔寨被击落，躲在沼泽里，靠芦苇呼吸才幸存。
What really struck John, what blew him away, was when they visited the naval academy in Annapolis.
真正令约翰震惊、震惊的是他们参观安纳波利斯海军学院的时候。
Lex's sister-in-law had been admitted, so they went down for plebe weekend.
莱克斯的嫂子已经被录取了，所以他们去度周末。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: You know, a very proud group of friends and family.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：你知道，这是一群非常自豪的朋友和家人。
And when Lex came out he was in a completely white uniform, lieutenant commander's uniform because he was a lieutenant commander, wearing the hat, wearing the Navy cross, wearing all the medals on his chest.
当莱克斯出来的时候，他穿着一套全白的制服，中尉制服，因为他是中尉，戴着帽子，戴着海军十字勋章，胸前挂着所有的勋章。
And there's 3,000 people there and they're all saluting him.
那里有 3,000 人，他们都在向他致敬。
And he's giving back-- if you can imagine my hand going to my head-- a perfect salute.
他正在回敬——如果你能想象我的手伸向我的头的话——一个完美的敬礼。
And I'm like, wow.
我想，哇。
I'm with a war hero here right now, and this is my buddy.
我现在和一位战争英雄在一起，这是我的伙伴。
A few months after they met, Lex got to talking about his father, also named Lawrence Cusack, who died in 1985.
他们见面几个月后，莱克斯开始谈论他的父亲，也叫劳伦斯·库萨克，于 1985 年去世。
Cusack Senior had been a distinguished lawyer.
老库萨克是一位杰出的律师。
He'd worked for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York for many years, and he was personal counsel to John Cardinal O'Connor, the archbishop.
他曾在纽约罗马天主教大主教管区工作多年，并且是大主教约翰·红衣主教奥康纳的私人顾问。
As Lex explained it, he had some pretty high-powered clients.
正如莱克斯所解释的那样，他有一些非常有权力的客户。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: At one point, Lex revealed to me that his dad had worked for the Kennedys.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：有一次，莱克斯向我透露，他的父亲曾为肯尼迪家族工作。
And any time I meet somebody who has any connection with anybody famous, I'm like, where are the papers?
每当我遇到与名人有联系的人时，我都会想，报纸在哪里？
You know, the papers are valuable.
你知道，这些论文很有价值。
Anything he signed would be valuable.
他签署的任何东西都是有价值的。
And a conversation ensued on that.
随后就此事进行了交谈。
And he said he'd look.
他说他会看看。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: Well then, Marilyn Monroe gets introduced into the equation.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：那么，玛丽莲·梦露就被引入了这个方程。
My father also worked for Marilyn Monroe.
我父亲还为玛丽莲·梦露工作过。
And--
还有——
JFK and Marilyn Monroe-- this was arguably the most storied love affair and cover up of the 20th century.
肯尼迪和玛丽莲·梦露——这可以说是 20 世纪最传奇的恋情和掩盖事件。
We've all heard the rumors about it for 50 years.
50 年来我们都听到过有关它的谣言。
But it's just that-- rumors.
但这只是——谣言。
No one ever had any hard and fast proof, until-- maybe-- now.
直到——也许——现在，没有人拥有任何确凿的证据。
He forced himself to be patient as Lex searched through his father's extensive and mysterious files.
当Lex搜索他父亲大量而神秘的档案时，他强迫自己保持耐心。
John can't quite remember how long he waited.
约翰不太记得自己等了多久。
Maybe weeks or even months, until one day Lex finally shows up at his office with a discovery in hand.
也许几周甚至几个月，直到有一天莱克斯终于带着一项发现出现在他的办公室。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: He brought in a briefcase into the office, and I remember there was a document that I believe was on a sheet of stationery that was written in Kennedy's hand.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：他把一个公文包带到办公室，我记得有一份文件，我相信是在一张信纸上，是肯尼迪亲手写的。
And it sure looked like Kennedy to me.
在我看来，它确实像肯尼迪。
And it basically was written to Marilyn Monroe, and indicated some kind of payoff.
它基本上是写给玛丽莲·梦露的，并表明了某种回报。
He agreed to pay something, or give her something, or set up a trust, I think it was.
他同意支付一些东西，或者给她一些东西，或者建立一个信托，我想是的。
In other words, jackpot.
换句话说，就是头奖。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: "Agreement made this third day of March, 1960, between John F.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：“1960 年 3 月第三天，约翰·F·肯尼迪 (John F.
Kennedy, residing at the Carlyle Hotel, New York, New York, and Marilyn Monroe, residing at 444 East 57th Street, New York, New York.
肯尼迪住在纽约州卡莱尔酒店，玛丽莲·梦露住在纽约州东57街444号。
Witnesseth, whereas a result of a relationship between Marilyn Monroe, herein referred to as MM, and John F.
见证人，而这是玛丽莲·梦露（本文称为 MM）和约翰·F·肯尼迪之间关系的结果。
Kennedy, herein referred to as JFK.
肯尼迪，以下简称JFK。
MM believes she has suffered irreparable harm to her well being and to her professional life and career.
MM 认为她的健康以及她的职业生活和事业遭受了无法弥补的伤害。
And that such has been the cause of personal hardship and suffering, which is not possible to measure.
这就是个人困难和痛苦的原因，这是无法衡量的。
MM shall never discuss nor reveal to any persons the specifics of the said relationship between her and JFK."
MM 绝不会向任何人讨论或透露她与肯尼迪之间上述关系的具体情况。”
And there were other documents like this one.
还有其他类似的文件。
Lex kept finding them.
Lex不断地寻找他们。
Letters on Kennedy's US Senate stationary, on White House stationary.
肯尼迪美国参议院上的信件是固定的，白宫上的信件也是固定的。
There were index cards and personal notes.
有索引卡和个人笔记。
The documents prove JFK's relationship not just with Marilyn Monroe, but with other, sketchier characters as well.
这些文件证明了肯尼迪不仅与玛丽莲·梦露有关系，还证明了与其他更粗略的人物的关系。
In all, Lex unearthed more than 300 documents, a whole archive.
Lex 总共发现了 300 多份文档，构成了一个完整的档案。
And John, of course, considered that maybe, like the Holy Grail, it was too good to be true.
当然，约翰认为，也许就像圣杯一样，它好得令人难以置信。
So he set about authenticating the papers.
于是他开始着手鉴定这些文件的真伪。
He went to at least half a dozen experts in the field, not just handwriting experts, but people who specialize in Kennedy documents.
他拜访了至少六位该领域的专家，不仅仅是笔迹专家，还有专门研究肯尼迪文件的人。
But John didn't want the contents of the papers to get out.
但约翰不想让报纸的内容泄露出去。
He wanted to protect their value, so he sent the experts only a few documents each.
他想保护它们的价值，所以他只给每位专家发了几份文件。
Or sometimes portions of documents he'd Xeroxed, excluding the juicy parts.
或者有时是他复印的部分文件，不包括有趣的部分。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: And each one, one by one, authenticated them and said they were real.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：每一个人都一一证实了它们的真实性，并说它们是真实的。
One of these experts was John's mentor and a giant in the field, Charles Hamilton.
其中一位专家是约翰的导师、该领域的巨人查尔斯·汉密尔顿。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: And right away he looked at it.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：他立刻就看了它。
If you look at that book right there where it says The Robot.
如果你看那本书，上面写着“机器人”。
OK, that's all about John Kennedy's handwriting.
好的，这就是约翰·肯尼迪的笔迹。
So here's the guy that wrote the book.
这是写这本书的人。
And he looked at it, maybe spent 10 minutes with it.
他看了看，大概花了 10 分钟。
This is authentic.
这是正宗的。
And wrote a letter on it.
并在上面写了一封信。
And that gave me tremendous confidence.
这给了我巨大的信心。
It's an important moment for me.
这对我来说是一个重要的时刻。
It's everyday business for him, because he doesn't know, really, what this signifies.
这对他来说是日常事务，因为他真的不知道这意味着什么。
So the papers were authenticated and John laid the groundwork to sell them.
因此，这些文件得到了验证，约翰为出售它们奠定了基础。
He enlisted another dealer of historical papers and artifacts, a well-connected guy named Tom Cloud, to handle the actual sales.
他聘请了另一位历史文献和文物经销商，一个名叫汤姆·克劳德（Tom Cloud）的人脉广泛的人来处理实际销售事宜。
Lex would get most of the money.
莱克斯将获得大部分钱。
Tom and John would make up to 20%, which they would split evenly.
汤姆和约翰将各占 20%，他们将平分。
They came up with a strategy.
他们想出了一个策略。
They quietly sell the documents to Tom Cloud's roster of wealthy clients on the condition that they not disclose what they'd bought to anyone for a few years.
他们悄悄地将这些文件卖给汤姆·克劳德的富有客户，条件是几年内不得向任何人透露他们购买的物品。
Meanwhile, John and Tom would find someone to write a book about the archive, which would then lead to a movie deal.
与此同时，约翰和汤姆会找人写一本关于档案的书，这将导致一项电影交易。
Once the book and movie were released, of course the value of the documents would likely skyrocket and investors would be happy.
一旦书和电影上映，这些文件的价值当然可能会飙升，投资者也会很高兴。
Everything started to fall into place.
一切都开始步入正轨。
An acquaintance connected them with the perfect writer to publicize Lex's archive, Seymour Hersh, the famous investigative journalist who had won a Pulitzer for breaking the My Lai massacre story.
一位熟人为他们联系了一位完美的作家，来宣传莱克斯的档案，西摩·赫什（Seymour Hersh），一位著名的调查记者，因报道美莱村屠杀事件而获得普利策奖。
Hersh, as it turns out, was already under contract to write a book about JFK's presidency called The Dark Side of Camelot .
事实证明，赫什已经签约写一本关于肯尼迪总统任期的书，名为《卡米洛特的黑暗面》。
Cusack began sending copies of the documents in batches, and Hersh started checking that the names and other details in the documents were consistent with his own research.
库萨克开始批量发送文件副本，赫什开始检查文件中的姓名和其他详细信息是否与他自己的研究一致。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: All of a sudden a document would come out and Hersh would independently verify that there was a name of a doctor that injected Kennedy with painkillers for his back, and that nobody knew this.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：突然有一份文件出来，赫什会独立核实有一位医生的名字，给肯尼迪注射了背部止痛药，而没有人知道这一点。
And he found out the name of the doctor through somebody who he had interviewed.
他通过采访过的人找到了这位医生的名字。
And it would be impossible for Lex to have produced that name or these names, like-- or the people who were co-signing the documents, or advisers to Marilyn Monroe that were being verified along the way.
莱克斯不可能提供那个名字或这些名字，比如——或者共同签署这些文件的人，或者一路上正在核实的玛丽莲·梦露的顾问。
There was more confidence.
更有信心了。
The confidence was building.
人们的信心正在增强。
And this was something they could use to build investor confidence, too.
他们也可以利用这一点来建立投资者的信心。
Pulitzer Prize-winning author Seymour Hersh is on board and has independently verified key parts of the archive.
普利策奖获得者、作家西摩·赫什 (Seymour Hersh) 也加入其中，并独立验证了档案的关键部分。
Hersh's book would come out in November of 1997.
赫什的书将于 1997 年 11 月出版。
In addition, Hersh was working on a documentary about the archive in collaboration with ABC.
此外，赫什还与美国广播公司 (ABC) 合作制作一部关于档案馆的纪录片。
By the end of the summer of 1997, about 140 different investors had made purchases from Tom Cloud.
到 1997 年夏末，大约有 140 名不同的投资者从 Tom Cloud 购买了股票。
The trust agreement between Kennedy and Monroe had alone sold for $450,000.
仅肯尼迪和门罗之间的信托协议就以 45 万美元的价格出售。
At this point, the documents had already netted roughly $5 million.
此时，这些文件已经赚了大约 500 万美元。
It was all going great.
一切都很顺利。
They were making a lot of money.
他们赚了很多钱。
John and his fiance got married.
约翰和他的未婚夫结婚了。
Lex's wife was a bridesmaid.
莱克斯的妻子是伴娘。
And John had a baby boy.
约翰生了一个男婴。
Then, one day, John's in Cape Cod and he gets a phone call.
然后，有一天，约翰在科德角接到一个电话。
Cloud is Tom Cloud, Lex and John's business partner.
Cloud 是 Tom Cloud、Lex 和 John 的业务合作伙伴。
ABC's Peter Jennings had interviewed Lex for a segment that would air on 20/20.
美国广播公司 (ABC) 的彼得·詹宁斯 (Peter Jennings) 在 20 月 20 日播出的节目中采访了莱克斯。
(SUBJECT) PETER JENNINGS: Where did the collection come from?
（主题）Peter Jennings：这个系列是从哪里来的？
The answer lies with Mr. Lex Cusack.
答案就在莱克斯·库萨克先生身上。
John and Lex had been excited about the segment.
约翰和莱克斯对这个片段感到很兴奋。
They saw it as a kind of phase one of their media launch.
他们将其视为媒体发布的第一阶段。
(SUBJECT) PETER JENNINGS: Were you aware at any time before your father died that he'd done any work for the Kennedy family?
（主题）彼得·詹宁斯：在你父亲去世之前，你是否意识到他曾为肯尼迪家族做过任何工作？
What became clear very quickly was this wasn't just a puff piece hyping Hersh's book.
很快就清楚的是，这不仅仅是炒作赫什的书的吹嘘。
It was an investigation.
这是一项调查。
You might have heard something about it.
您可能听说过一些有关它的事情。
It became huge news.
这成了大新闻。
What happened was that ABC had gotten wind of some suspicious inconsistencies in the archive.
发生的事情是美国广播公司听说档案中存在一些可疑的不一致之处。
For starters, one of the letters from Cusack Senior, which was dated 1961, had a zip code in the letterhead.
首先，Cusack Senior 写的一封信的日期为 1961 年，信头上有一个邮政编码。
It turns out there were no zip codes in 1961.
事实证明，1961 年还没有邮政编码。
They weren't announced until 1962.
直到 1962 年它们才被宣布。
So ABC hired an expert of its own, a former documents examiner for the FBI.
因此，美国广播公司聘请了自己的一位专家，一位前联邦调查局的文件审查员。
He did forensic analysis of the documents, scrutinizing the paper, the ink, the type.
他对文件进行了取证分析，仔细检查了纸张、墨水和字体。
The examiner found that the typeface turned out to be something called Prestige Pica Selectric, which didn't exist until the early 1970s.
审查员发现该字体原来是一种名为 Prestige Pica Selectric 的字体，该字体直到 20 世纪 70 年代初才出现。
And whoever typed these documents had also make corrections using a particular kind of lift-off correction tape.
无论是谁输入了这些文件，也都使用一种特殊的剥离修正带进行了更正。
(SUBJECT) DOCUMENTS EXAMINER: And lift off tape was not invented or placed onto the market until 1973, a full 10 years after President Kennedy was killed.
（主题）文件审查员：直到 1973 年，即肯尼迪总统被杀整整 10 年后，剥离胶带才被发明或投入市场。
Jennings takes all this evidence and calmly and methodically presents it to Lex.
詹宁斯收集了所有这些证据，并冷静而有条理地将其呈现给莱克斯。
Lex appears stunned, almost as if he can't process what Jennings is saying.
Lex看上去很震惊，就好像他无法理解Jennings所说的话。
By this time in the interview, there's a pregnant bead of sweat sliding its way down Lex's cheek.
在采访的这个时候，莱克斯的脸颊上已经渗出了一滴大汗珠。
He looks desperate and trapped.
他看起来绝望又被困。
If the camera panned out, you would half expect to see him manacled to the chair.
如果镜头摇出，你可能会看到他被铐在椅子上。
So this is what Tom Cloud tells John when he calls him on that day in August.
这就是汤姆·克劳德在八月的那天给约翰打电话时告诉他的话。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: My heart dropped out of its spot in my body at that point, and it was, oh no.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：那时我的心就脱离了我身体的位置，而且，哦，不。
Here's the interesting thing.
这是有趣的事情。
It's not, oh no, the papers are fake, or oh no, I've been duped by Lex.
不是，哦不，这些文件是假的，或者哦不，我被莱克斯欺骗了。
Its oh no, we've told the truth, and now we're in for it because we've antagonized the Kennedys, the one family in America you do not antagonize.
哦，不，我们说了实话，现在我们陷入了困境，因为我们已经与肯尼迪家族为敌，而肯尼迪家族是美国唯一一个你不会与之对抗的家族。
Plus the mob and God knows who else.
再加上暴民，天知道还有谁。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: This must be this very powerful family trying to prevent this information from coming out.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：这一定是这个非常有权势的家族试图阻止这些信息的泄露。
And that there's no way that these are fake.
而且这些不可能是假的。
That these are real.
那些都是真实的。
You know, Lex is a war hero.
你知道，莱克斯是一位战争英雄。
He's an honest and good man.
他是一个诚实的好人。
This can't be.
这不可能。
And this is a big conspiracy, and we need to get to the bottom of it.
这是一个大阴谋，我们必须要查个水落石出。
The notion of a conspiracy might sound a bit far-fetched and frightening, but it also offered some assurances.
阴谋的概念可能听起来有点牵强和可怕，但它也提供了一些保证。
At least in this scenario, the world as John knew it remained constant.
至少在这种情况下，约翰所知道的世界保持不变。
The papers were still real.
那些报纸仍然是真实的。
The choices he had made were the right ones.
他所做的选择是正确的。
And Lex Cusack was still his dear and trusted friend.
莱克斯·库萨克仍然是他亲爱的、值得信赖的朋友。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: That's what I'm thinking.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我就是这么想的。
And what seems like minutes afterwards, it's a grand jury investigation.
似乎几分钟后，大陪审团就开始了调查。
John hired a criminal defense lawyer and the two of them made a trip down to the US District Attorney's office in Manhattan.
约翰聘请了一名刑事辩护律师，两人一起前往曼哈顿的美国地方检察官办公室。
They met with the prosecutor, Paul Engelmayer.
他们会见了检察官保罗·恩格尔迈耶。
And even here, John didn't feel safe.
即使在这里，约翰也感觉不安全。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: We went in.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我们进去了。
We went for the proffer session.
我们去参加了offer会议。
I told my side of the story.
我讲述了我的故事。
I remember walking into Engelmayer's office, and on his wall was a picture of Kennedy on the beach in Hyannis.
我记得走进恩格尔迈尔的办公室，墙上挂着一张肯尼迪在海恩尼斯海滩上的照片。
And that just in my mind was, oh my God.
我的脑海里浮现的是，天哪。
This is a set up.
这是一个设定。
I'm going down because I've revealed the biggest secret of the last 40 years, and they don't want this secret to come out.
我要下台是因为我揭露了过去 40 年来最大的秘密，而他们不希望这个秘密被泄露。
So somehow they're going to make it look like I'm a bad guy.
所以他们会让我看起来像是个坏人。
He's working for them.
他正在为他们工作。
This is all a conspiracy.
这一切都是一个阴谋。
All these bells are going off in my head.
所有这些铃声都在我脑海中响起。
During this period, things got pretty dark for John.
在此期间，约翰的处境变得非常黑暗。
He began taking medication to reduce his anxiety and to prevent panic attacks.
他开始服用药物来减轻焦虑并防止惊恐发作。
Still, he was paranoid.
尽管如此，他还是偏执了。
He became convinced that something terrible would happen to him, that his car would blow up when he turned the key.
他开始确信，可怕的事情会发生在他身上，当他转动钥匙时，他的车就会爆炸。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: I'm thinking that somebody's going to kill me, basically.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我认为基本上有人会杀了我。
That's what's going to happen.
这就是将会发生的事情。
That this stuff was not supposed to be released, and there's going to be an accident.
这些东西不应该被发布，并且会发生事故。
And all this time, John is rehashing the Peter Jennings interview and the inconsistencies with the documents.
一直以来，约翰都在重复彼得·詹宁斯的采访以及与文件的不一致之处。
The typeface and the zip code, the lift-off correction tape.
字体和邮政编码，剥离修正带。
What explained all that?
什么解释了这一切？
The first chance he got he confronted Lex.
他一有机会就与Lex对质。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: We met somewhere, I don't remember where.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我们在某个地方见过面，我不记得在哪里。
And he was holding his hands to his head.
他双手捂着头。
He didn't know what to do.
他不知道该怎么办。
He'll just give all the money back.
他会把所有的钱都还给我。
Of course, he had spent most of the money then.
当然，当时大部分钱他都花掉了。
What especially bothered John was something else completely.
让约翰特别烦恼的是完全不同的事情。
During the 20/20 segment, Peter Jennings had reported that ABC could find no evidence that Lex was a retired naval officer.
在 20/20 节目中，彼得·詹宁斯 (Peter Jennings) 报道称 ABC 找不到任何证据表明莱克斯是一名退役海军军官。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: I mean, that was a big thing for me, the military thing.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我的意思是，这对我来说是一件大事，军事方面的事情。
If he was this military hero, in my mind, these can't possibly be non-authentic.
如果他是这位军事英雄，在我看来，这些不可能是不真实的。
Before you scream to yourself, how could he so stupid, consider that John's realization about Lex meant dismantling everything he understood about himself.
在你对自己大喊大叫，他怎么会这么蠢之前，想想约翰对莱克斯的认识意味着拆除他对自己的一切理解。
John's entire career was based on knowing the real thing when he saw it.
约翰的整个职业生涯都建立在看到真实事物时才知道它的基础上。
He could judge the authenticity of stamps, and signatures, and documents, and, most importantly, people.
他可以判断邮票、签名、文件，以及最重要的是人的真实性。
Especially friends.
尤其是朋友。
In other words, John was no dupe.
换句话说，约翰不是骗子。
No way.
决不。
And not only was there a lot of money on the table, these documents were going to make his career.
不仅桌上有很多钱，这些文件还将成就他的事业。
So while it might sound crazy that he'd believe that Lex was MI5, it made even less sense that John himself was a sucker.
因此，虽然他相信莱克斯是军情五处听起来很疯狂，但约翰本人是个傻瓜就更没有道理了。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: I would hang on anything that would be a thread that would be, yes, see, I was right.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我会坚持任何可能成为线索的事情，是的，你看，我是对的。
Here's the record of him being a covert agent for the CIA in military clothing, or whatever would happen that would make this whole thing, the whole nightmare, end.
这是他身着军装担任中央情报局秘密特工的记录，或者任何能让这整件事、整个噩梦结束的事情。
John's lawyer told him that he had to clear his name, and the only way to do that was to secretly record Lex.
约翰的律师告诉他，他必须洗清自己的罪名，而唯一的办法就是秘密记录莱克斯。
He needed to get him on tape discussing their earlier conversation where Lex confessed and then recanted.
他需要让他录下谈话内容，讨论他们之前的谈话，当时Lex承认了事实，然后又放弃了立场。
Because that would show the prosecutor that John was innocent.
因为这会向检察官表明约翰是无辜的。
After all, Lex wouldn't be confessing and making excuses if John were in on the scam.
毕竟，如果约翰参与了骗局，莱克斯就不会认罪并找借口。
John at first refused, arguing that Lex hadn't done anything wrong.
约翰一开始拒绝了，认为莱克斯没有做错任何事。
His lawyer insisted.
他的律师坚持要求。
And he said, well, you don't have to do it if you don't want to.
他说，好吧，如果你不愿意，你就不必这样做。
But tomorrow, if you don't do it, it's fine, but you need to get a new lawyer.
但明天，如果你不这样做，也没关系，但你需要找一位新律师。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: I can't help but think that you know something.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：我情不自禁地认为你知道一些事情。
I can't help it.
我无能为力。
I'm sorry.
对不起。
So John did it.
所以约翰就这么做了。
His lawyer hired a private detective to wire John's office with a hidden microphone.
他的律师聘请了一名私家侦探，用隐藏的麦克风给约翰的办公室布线。
He and Lex talked for an hour.
他和Lex聊了一个小时。
They're both tense and emotional.
他们既紧张又情绪化。
Lex leaps from topic to topic, offering one wild, half-baked explanation after another, while John tries to pin him down.
Lex从一个话题跳到另一个话题，给出了一个又一个疯狂的、不成熟的解释，而John则试图确定他的立场。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: The thing that I can't get out of my mind, what's bothering me that I can't get out of my mind is when you came here-- what was it-- three days after.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：令我无法忘怀的一件事，困扰我无法忘却的事情是，三天后你来到这里——那是什么？
OK, you're sitting there, and you're telling me that you're guilty, that you did everything, that everything's fake.
好吧，你坐在那里，告诉我你有罪，你做了一切，一切都是假的。
You've got to listen.
你必须听。
Lex tells John he only confessed in order to protect his father's reputation.
莱克斯告诉约翰，他认罪只是为了保护父亲的名誉。
He didn't want anyone thinking his father had forged the documents, or that his father was somehow connected to the mob.
他不想让任何人认为他的父亲伪造了这些文件，或者他的父亲与暴徒有某种联系。
Though, maybe his father did fake some papers for whatever reason.
不过，也许他的父亲出于某种原因伪造了一些文件。
(SUBJECT) LEX CUSACK: I'm thinking like, people are going to think my father's a mob lawyer.
（主题）LEX CUSACK：我在想，人们会认为我父亲是一名黑帮律师。
My brother's going to think he was a mob lawyer and that he forged this stuff to protect himself from getting in trouble.
我哥哥会认为他是一名黑帮律师，他伪造这些东西是为了保护自己免受麻烦。
And now it's all like, I can't let that happen.
现在一切就像，我不能让这种事发生。
So it's more like what if we just say, we'll give everything back and the whole thing will go away.
所以这更像是如果我们只是说，我们将归还一切，那么整个事情就会消失。
We'll just pay everybody back, it was a big mistake, we don't know what caused it.
我们会把钱还给大家，这是一个很大的错误，我们不知道是什么原因造成的。
Lex seems generally confused.
Lex似乎普遍感到困惑。
The only thing Les essentially admits lying about is his navy career.
莱斯基本上承认撒谎的唯一一件事是他的海军生涯。
He tells John it was more or less a joke that got out of hand until a number of people, including Lex's own wife, were under the impression that he'd actually fought in Vietnam.
他告诉约翰，这或多或少是一个失控的笑话，直到包括莱克斯自己的妻子在内的许多人都认为他实际上在越南打过仗。
The thing barely hangs together.
这件事几乎没有连在一起。
As for the crisp, white lieutenant commander's uniform that John had seen him wearing that day in Annapolis--
至于约翰那天在安纳波利斯看到的那件挺括的白色中尉制服——
Lex didn't want to comment for this story.
Lex不想对这个故事发表评论。
So all I have to go on from him is the TV footage and the wire recording.
所以我只能从他那里得到电视片段和录音。
There, Lex mostly comes across as pathetic.
在那里，莱克斯大多给人一种可怜的感觉。
He doesn't show any of the smooth cunning of the Hollywood con man.
他没有表现出任何好莱坞骗子的圆滑狡猾。
Instead, his genius-- if that's what it is-- is his lack of finesse.
相反，他的天才——如果真是这样的话——就是他缺乏技巧。
If he's conning John, and his disguise is the pitiable friend who got in over his head, then he plays it very, very well.
如果他在欺骗约翰，而他的伪装是那位陷入了他的头脑中的可怜的朋友，那么他就会表现得非常非常好。
So well that after the secretly recorded meeting, John says he didn't feel relieved or justified.
如此顺利，以至于在秘密录制的会议结束后，约翰说他并没有感到如释重负或有理有据。
He felt awful.
他感觉很糟糕。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: There was an Irish pub on the street over from my office, and I remember drinking three Guinesses in like 10 minutes.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：我办公室对面的街上有一家爱尔兰酒吧，我记得在 10 分钟内喝了三杯吉尼斯啤酒。
And I'm not a drinker.
而且我不喝酒。
I was like, wow.
我当时想，哇。
What did I just do?
我刚才做了什么？
John says the real aha moment for him finally came with an FBI agent told him point blank that Lex had never served in the military.
约翰说，对他来说真正的顿悟时刻终于到来了，一名联邦调查局特工直截了当地告诉他，莱克斯从未在军队服役过。
In other words, Lex's best move, whether by luck or design, was that he hit John's Achilles' heel.
换句话说，莱克斯的最佳举动，无论是出于运气还是有意为之，就是击中了约翰的致命弱点。
He passed himself off as a decorated soldier.
他冒充一名受过勋章的士兵。
So Lex's deepest betrayal wasn't the JFK papers.
所以莱克斯最深的背叛并不是肯尼迪文件。
It was claiming he breathed through a reed in Cambodia.
据称他在柬埔寨通过芦苇呼吸。
Lex was convicted in federal court of mail and wire fraud and served nearly 10 years in prison.
Lex 在联邦法院被判犯有邮件和电汇欺诈罪，并入狱近 10 年。
He got out about three years ago.
大约三年前他就出来了。
Seymour Hersh's reputation took a temporary hit, especially after he testified at trial that he quote unquote, "misstated things regarding his independent verifications."
西摩·赫什的声誉受到了暂时的打击，尤其是在他在审判中作证说他引用了未引用的内容“错误陈述了有关他的独立核查的事情”之后。
John was cleared of any wrongdoing, but his life didn't just bounce right back.
约翰没有任何不当行为，但他的生活并没有立即恢复正常。
His business suffered.
他的生意受到了影响。
He had to resign as President of the Professional Autograph Dealers Association, an organization he founded.
他不得不辞去他创办的专业签名经销商协会主席的职务。
His marriage fell apart.
他的婚姻破裂了。
The JFK papers nearly ruined him.
肯尼迪报纸几乎毁了他。
And-- it's not surprising-- he's had a hard time trusting people since.
而且——这并不奇怪——从那以后他就很难相信别人了。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: I definitely have trust issues in my life.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫：我的生活中肯定存在信任问题。
There's no question that I have trust issues because of this.
毫无疑问，我因此而存在信任问题。
I mean, you get paranoid.
我的意思是，你变得偏执。
Is Lex my friend because I'm such a great guy, or is it because I was a foil in his plot to take over the world?
莱克斯成为我的朋友是因为我是个好人，还是因为我是他统治世界阴谋中的陪衬？
And then I'm thinking, is this person really my friend who really is my friend, another person in my life?
然后我在想，这个人真的是我的朋友吗？真的是我的朋友，我生命中的另一个人吗？
And I do do that, and I feel terrible and guilty about when I'm distrustful and I shouldn't be.
我确实这么做了，当我不信任别人而我不应该这样做时，我会感到可怕和内疚。
But it's there.
但它就在那里。
And I have to temper that all the time.
我必须一直缓和这一点。
But in a weird way he's thankful too.
但以一种奇怪的方式，他也很感激。
His paranoia made him better at what he does.
他的偏执使他做得更好。
It was after the Cusack fiasco that he threw himself into studying fakes and forgeries, and made himself so good at spotting them.
正是在库萨克惨败之后，他开始全身心投入研究赝品和赝品，并让自己非常擅长识别它们。
When I show John a copy of one of the Cusack documents, he started to analyze the handwriting all over again.
当我向约翰展示一份库萨克文件的副本时，他开始重新分析笔迹。
It was a document from an archive that had fooled so many experts and that some people in the field, even to this day, argue is real.
这是一份来自档案馆的文件，欺骗了许多专家，甚至直到今天，该领域的一些人仍然认为它是真实的。
He turned the paper upside down just as his mentor Charles Hamilton taught him to do, so you aren't distracted by the actual letters.
他按照他的导师查尔斯·汉密尔顿教他的方式将纸张颠倒过来，这样你就不会被实际的字母分散注意力。
You just see the lines, the curves, and the dots.
您只能看到线条、曲线和点。
(SUBJECT) JOHN REZNIKOFF: Now, the Js were always different, but look at the Jack, for instance, upside down.
（主题）约翰·雷兹尼科夫（JOHN REZNIKOFF）：现在，J 总是不同的，但看看 Jack，例如，颠倒的。
And just look at the way the spacing, and how it's inconsistent and bouncy.
只要看看间距的方式，以及它是如何不一致和有弹性的。
It's very, very good.
这非常非常好。
The forgery is very, very good.
伪造的非常非常好。
I have no idea how they were made.
我不知道它们是如何制作的。
No idea.
不知道。
That, to me, is the big mystery in my life.
对我来说，这是我一生中最大的谜团。
I don't know how he did it.
我不知道他是怎么做到的。
I don't know how they were so good.
我不知道他们怎么这么好。
I have no idea.
我不知道。
Or if he did it.
或者如果他做到了。
I don't even know that he did it.
我什至不知道他做到了。
Maybe somebody else did it and he pushed them forward.
也许是其他人做到了，他推动他们前进。
And perhaps Lex was a mastermind.
也许莱克斯是一个策划者。
But then again, we all want to think we can only be fooled by a genius.
但话又说回来，我们都想认为我们只能被天才愚弄。
This American Life is distributed by Public Radio International.
《美国生活》由国际公共广播电台发行。
WBEZ management oversight for our show by our boss, Mr. Torey Malatia.
我们的老板 Torey Malatia 先生对我们的演出进行 WBEZ 管理监督。
In the mailroom this week, I was surprised to catch him opening a love letter he got from some random listener.
这周在收发室，我惊讶地发现他打开了一封随机听众寄来的情书。
This is not unusual.
这并不罕见。
I can't tell you how many people have come forward over the years.
我无法告诉你这些年来有多少人挺身而出。
I probably have three or four dozen examples of that.
我可能有三四打这样的例子。