158: Mob Mentality - This American Life
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00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #158 | May 5, 2000 158: Mob Mentality Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 158 集 | 2000 年 5 月 5 日 158：暴民心态 注：《美国生活》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue Ira Glass From WBEZ Chicago and Public Radio International, it's This American Life.
序言 来自 WBEZ 芝加哥和国际公共广播电台的 Ira Glass，这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
And to start today's program, I just have to play you a recording of this television ad from Canada, an ad so popular in Canada that people chant this ad in bars.
为了开始今天的节目，我只需给你们播放一段来自加拿大的电视广告的录音，这个广告在加拿大非常受欢迎，人们在酒吧里高喊这个广告。
It's made the front page of every major paper in Canada, all their nightly newscasts, the Canadian heritage minister played it for a group of Americans in Boston this week to explain Canadian cultural identity.
这首歌登上了加拿大各大报纸和所有晚间新闻广播的头版，加拿大遗产部长本周在波士顿为一群美国人播放了这首歌，以解释加拿大的文化身份。
In the ad, a young man walks onto a stage before a huge maple leaf flag, goes to a microphone, taps it meekly, and begins.
在广告中，一名年轻人走上舞台，站在一面巨大的枫叶旗前，走到麦克风前，温顺地敲击它，然后开始。
Hey.
嘿。
I'm not a lumberjack, or a fur trader, and I don't live in an igloo or eat blubber or own a dog sled.
我不是伐木工人，也不是毛皮商人，我也不住在冰屋里，不吃鲸脂，也不拥有狗拉雪橇。
And I don't know Jimmy, Sally, or Susie from Canada, although I'm certain they're really, really nice.
我不认识来自加拿大的吉米、莎莉或苏西，尽管我确信他们真的非常非常好。
I have a prime minister, not a president.
我有一位总理，但没有总统。
I speak English and French, not American.
我说英语和法语，不会说美语。
And I pronounce it about, not aboot.
我发音是关于，而不是启动。
I can proudly sew my country's flag on my backpack.
我可以自豪地将我国国旗缝在背包上。
I believe in peacekeeping, not policing, diversity, not assimilation, and that the beaver is a truly proud and noble animal.
我相信维持和平，而不是维持治安，相信多样性，而不是同化，并且海狸是一种真正自豪和高贵的动物。
The tuque is a hat, a chesterfield is a couch, and it is pronounced zed, not zee, zed.
tuque 是帽子，chesterfield 是沙发，发音为 zed，而不是 zee、zed。
Canada is the second largest land mass, the first nation in hockey, and the best part of North America.
加拿大是第二大陆地、曲棍球第一国家和北美最好的地区。
My name is Joe and I am Canadian.
我叫乔，是加拿大人。
Near the end of the ad, the product flashes on screen, Molson's Beer, which in Canada is not called Molson's.
广告快结束时，屏幕上闪现出产品：Molson's Beer，在加拿大不叫 Molson's。
It's called Canadian.
这就是所谓的加拿大人。
Brett Marchand is vice president for marketing for Molson's Canadian, and even he is surprised at the reaction to the ad.
布雷特·马尔尚 (Brett Marchand) 是莫尔森加拿大公司 (Molson's Canadian) 的营销副总裁，就连他也对这则广告的反应感到惊讶。
People are doing things like standing and cheering in theaters when it's been shown.
当电影上映时，人们会在剧院里起立欢呼。
We played it in hockey arenas, and 20,000 people have cheered like they've just won the Stanley Cup.
我们在曲棍球场上进行了比赛，两万人欢呼雀跃，就像他们刚刚赢得了斯坦利杯一样。
If you've been in one of those arenas or been in a theater and seen how people generally have reacted, you can't help but think, gee, something's going on here.
如果您去过其中一个竞技场或剧院并看到人们的普遍反应，您会情不自禁地想，天哪，这里发生了一些事情。
There is now spoofs all over the place.
现在到处都是恶搞。
In fact, there was a double-page spread in one of the national newspapers yesterday that had a picture of our actor in the middle of it and written up spoofs all around him.
事实上，昨天一份全国性报纸上刊登了一个双版，中间有一张我们演员的照片，周围写满了恶搞。
I think someone forwarded one to me, it's I am Pakistani.
我想有人转发给我，我是巴基斯坦人。
Hello, my mom doesn't have a dot on her forehead and my dad doesn't wear a turban.
你好，我妈妈额头上没有点，我爸爸没有戴头巾。
I don't live in a grass hut or eat curry every day or own a flying carpet.
我不住在草屋里，也不每天吃咖喱，也不拥有飞毯。
And I don't know Rabindra, Priya, or Akshay, though I'm sure they're very, very nice.
我不认识 Rabindra、Priya 或 Akshay，但我确信他们非常非常好。
I have a military dictator, not a prime minister.
我有一个军事独裁者，而不是总理。
On and on and on, down to, Pakistan's the second-largest safe haven for the politically displaced, the first nation of cricket, and the most corrupt part of South Asia.
等等，一直到巴基斯坦是政治流离失所者的第二大避风港、板球第一国家和南亚最腐败的地区。
My name is Khan and I am Pakistani.
我叫汗，是巴基斯坦人。
Of course, every ethnic group in Canada is weighing in with its own version of the ad.
当然，加拿大的每个族裔群体都在发表自己版本的广告。
People feel misunderstood, people feel overlooked, and to have a call to arms that, on the one hand, gives you the thrill of being in a cheering mob yelling we are number one, while, on the other hand, is simply just kind of a joke, that is a very appealing package.
人们感到被误解，人们感到被忽视，而号召人们战斗，一方面，让你有一种置身于欢呼的暴徒中高喊我们是第一的快感，而另一方面，这只是一个笑话，这是一个非常吸引人的方案。
You get the pleasure of being in a mob without the threat of mob violence, of rising totalitarianism, of rampaging and rioting.
你会很高兴成为暴徒，而不会受到暴徒暴力、极权主义抬头、狂暴和骚乱的威胁。
There is a deep part of most of us that takes pleasure in being in a crowd, a real crowd, I mean.
我们大多数人内心深处都喜欢身处人群中，我是说，真正的人群中。
A mass of people that is thinking and feeling the same thing at the same time, jumping to its feet as one unit, yelling for a cause, or a team, or a band, or whatever.
一群人同时思考和感受同一件事，作为一个整体跳起来，为一项事业、一个团队、一个乐队或其他什么而大喊大叫。
Today on our program, the pleasure of being in a mob, the terror of being in a mob altogether.
今天在我们的节目中，我们讨论了成为暴民的乐趣，以及成为暴民的恐惧。
Our program today in three acts.
我们今天的节目分三幕。
Act One, Among the Thugs.
第一幕，暴徒之中。
Bill Buford joins a mob as it riots, and he writes, I felt weightless.
比尔·布福德在骚乱时加入了暴徒，他写道，我感到失重。
I felt nothing would happen to me, I felt anything might happen to me.
我觉得什么都不会发生在我身上，我觉得任何事情都可能发生在我身上。
Act Two, One Tin Soldier Rides Away.
第二幕，一名锡兵骑马离开。
What happens when a teacher in a small town in Connecticut turns a class of seventh graders into an angry mob on the rampage?
当康涅狄格州一个小镇的一名老师将一个七年级学生变成一群愤怒的暴徒时，会发生什么？
Act Three, The Hissing of Winter Lawns, in which Alix Spiegel explains how a 21st century mob may be different than its predecessors.
第三幕《冬季草坪的嘶嘶声》中，阿利克斯·斯皮格尔解释了 21 世纪的暴徒与前辈有何不同。
Stay with us.
留在我们身边。
Act One.
第一幕。
In 1984, Bill Buford set out to try to understand the soccer hooligans who were rioting in ways large and small on a regular basis after soccer matches in England.
1984 年，比尔·布福德 (Bill Buford) 开始尝试了解英格兰的足球流氓，他们在足球比赛结束后定期进行大大小小的骚乱。
He drank with them, went to matches with them, got to know them, and his account of his time with them, called Among the Thugs , is this remarkable document.
他和他们一起喝酒，和他们一起去看比赛，认识了他们，他对与他们在一起的时光的记录，名为《在暴徒之中》，就是这份非凡的文件。
As Buford points out, since ancient times many people have written about the behavior of mobs, but they were almost always outsiders, frightened observers standing outside the action.
正如布福德指出的那样，自古以来许多人都写过暴徒的行为，但他们几乎都是局外人，是站在行动之外的受惊的观察者。
Few people have written from the perspective of someone caught up in the violence.
很少有人从陷入暴力的人的角度来写作。
And by the time he is done, you understand that the thrill of being in a rampaging mob is as hardwired into us, as basic to us as a species, as the ability to love.
当他讲完的时候，你就会明白，身处暴民之中的快感就像爱的能力一样，是我们与生俱来的，是我们作为一个物种的基本能力。
Bill Buford agreed to come onto our program and read an excerpt from his book, a scene in which he goes with 257 fans of the soccer team Manchester United on a trip to Italy to see their team play.
比尔·布福德 (Bill Buford) 同意参加我们的节目并阅读了他书中的摘录，其中有一个场景是他与曼联足球队的 257 名球迷一起前往意大利观看他们球队的比赛。
There is a phenomenal amount of drinking.
饮酒量惊人。
Some supporters are arrested.
一些支持者被捕。
On the buses to the stadium, they urinate out the windows, they moon the Italians, they scream obscenities at the Italians, they threw bottles at the Italians.
在前往体育场的巴士上，他们向车窗撒尿，他们对意大利人大喊大叫，他们向意大利人尖叫脏话，他们向意大利人扔瓶子。
And finally, an Italian boy responds a way that I think many people would after this kind of assault.
最后，一名意大利男孩的反应方式我想很多人在遭受这种袭击后都会做出反应。
He answers in kind.
他以同样的方式回答。
He throws a stone back, one stone.
他向后扔了一块石头，一块石头。
The effect on those inside the bus was immediate.
这对巴士内的人的影响是立竿见影的。
To be, suddenly, the target came as a terrible shock.
突然间，目标的到来给我带来了可怕的震惊。
The incredulity was immense.
人们非常难以置信。
Those bastards, one of the supporters exclaimed, are throwing stones at the windows.
一位支持者惊呼道，这些混蛋正在向窗户扔石头。
And the look on his face conveyed such urgent dismay that you could only agree that a stone-throwing Italian was a very bad person, indeed.
他脸上的表情传达出如此迫切的沮丧，以至于你只能同意，一个扔石头的意大利人确实是一个非常坏的人。
The presumption-- after all, a window could get broken, and someone might get hurt-- was deeply offensive.
这种假设——毕竟，窗户可能会被打破，有人可能会受伤——是非常令人反感的。
And everyone became very, very angry.
每个人都变得非常非常愤怒。
Looking around me, I realized that I was no longer surrounded by raving, hysterically nationalistic social deviants.
环顾四周，我意识到我周围不再是疯狂的、歇斯底里的民族主义社会越轨者。
I was now surrounded by raving, hysterically nationalistic social deviants in a frenzy.
我现在周围都是疯狂的、歇斯底里的民族主义社会越轨者。
And anything that came to hand-- bottles, jars of peanuts, fruit, cartons of juice, anything-- was summarily hurled through the windows.
手上的任何东西——瓶子、花生罐、水果、盒装果汁，任何东西——都被立即扔进窗户。
Those bastards, the lad next to me said, teeth clenched, lobbing an unopened beer can at a cluster of elderly men in dark jackets.
“那些混蛋，”我旁边的小伙子咬牙切齿地说，把一个未开封的啤酒罐扔向一群穿着深色夹克的老人。
Those bastards.
那些混蛋。
When the buses of the United supporters pulled into the cool evening shadow cast by the Stadio Comunale, a large crowd was already there waiting for the English.
当曼联球迷的大巴驶进市政球场投下的凉爽夜色时，一大群人已经在那儿等待英国人了。
Somehow the match started, was played, ended.
比赛以某种方式开始、进行、结束。
And while it could be said that there was no single serious incident, it could also be said that there was no moment without one.
可以说没有发生一起严重事件，也可以说没有一刻没有发生过事件。
Things were coming at us from the air.
东西从空中向我们袭来。
Not just bottles and pieces of fruit, but also long sticks, the staff of the event's flags, firecrackers, and smoke bombs.
不仅仅是瓶子和水果，还有长棍子、活动旗帜、鞭炮和烟雾弹。
Several people were hurt, and one supporter was taken away to the hospital.
多人受伤，一名支持者被送往医院。
And then when the match ended, everything started moving at great speed.
然后当比赛结束时，一切都开始以极快的速度进行。
Everything would continue to move at great speed for many hours.
一切都会继续以极快的速度移动几个小时。
I remember that riot police started kicking one of the supporters who had fallen down.
我记得防暴警察开始踢一名倒下的支持者。
I remember hearing that Sammy had arrived and then coming upon him.
我记得听说萨米来了，然后就向他扑来。
He was big, well-dressed with heavy, horn-rimmed glasses that made him look like a physics student, standing underneath the bleachers, his back to the match, an expensive leather bag and a camera hanging over his shoulder, having just come from France by taxi.
他身材高大，穿着考究，戴着厚重的角框眼镜，让他看起来像个物理系的学生，他站在看台下，背对着比赛，肩上挂着一个昂贵的皮包，肩上挂着一台相机，刚从法国乘出租车过来。
I remember some screaming.
我记得有人尖叫。
There had been a stabbing, I didn't see it.
那里有刺伤，我没看到。
And with the screaming, everyone bolted, animal speed, instinct speed, and pushed past the police and rushed for the exit.
随着尖叫声，每个人都以动物般的速度、本能的速度狂奔，挤过警察，冲向出口。
But the gate into the tunnel was locked and the United supporters slammed into it.
但隧道的大门被锁了，曼联的支持者猛地冲了进去。
It was impossible to get out.
想要出去是不可能的。
Throughout this last period of the match, I had been hearing a new phrase.
在比赛的最后一段时间里，我一直听到一个新短语。
It's going to go off.
它会熄灭。
It's going to go off, someone said, and his eyes were glassy as though he'd taken a drug.
有人说，它会消失，他的眼睛呆滞，就像吸了毒一样。
If this keeps up, I heard another say, then it's going to go off.
我听到另一个人说，如果这种情况持续下去，那么它就会消失。
And the phrase recurred.
这句话再次出现。
It's going to go off, it's going to go off, spoken softly.
它会消失，它会消失，轻声地说。
But each time it was repeated, it gained authority.
但每次重复，它就获得了权威。
Everyone was pressed against the locked gate and the police arrived moments later.
每个人都被压在紧锁的大门上，不久警察就赶到了。
The police pulled and pushed in one direction and supporters pushed in another, wanting to get out.
警察向一个方向推拉，支持者则向另一个方向推挤，想要离开。
It was shove and counter-shove.
这是全推和反推。
It was crushing, uncomfortable.
这是令人崩溃的，不舒服的。
The supporters were humorless and determined.
支持者们毫无幽默感，但意志坚定。
It's going to go off.
它会熄灭。
People were whispering.
人们窃窃私语。
I heard, watch out for knives.
我听说，小心刀子。
Zip up your coat.
拉上你外套的拉链。
I heard, fill up your pockets.
听说，把你的口袋装满吧。
I heard, it's going to go off.
听说，快要灭了。
Stay together.
呆在一起。
It's going to go off.
它会熄灭。
I was growing nervous and slipped my notebook into my shirt up against my chest and buttoned up my jacket.
我越来越紧张，把笔记本塞进衬衫里，靠在胸前，扣上夹克的扣子。
A chant had started.
一首圣歌开始了。
United, United, United.
团结，团结，团结。
The chant was clipped and sure.
口号被剪断了，而且确定了。
United, United, United.
团结，团结，团结。
The word was repeated, United.
这个词被重复了一遍，联合。
And through the repetition, its meaning started to change, pertaining less to a sporting event or a football club and sounding, instead, like a chance of unity, something political.
通过重复，它的含义开始发生变化，不再与体育赛事或足球俱乐部有关，而是听起来像是团结的机会，某种政治意义。
It had become the chance of a mob.
这已经成为暴民的机会。
United, United, United, United.
团结，团结，团结，团结。
And then it stopped.
然后它就停了。
The gate had been opened and the English supporters surged forwards.
大门已经打开，英格兰的支持者蜂拥而至。
And when they emerged, they came out very fast with police trailing behind, trying to keep up.
当他们出现时，他们出来得很快，警察跟在后面，试图跟上。
They came as a mob with everyone pressed together, hands on the shoulders of the person in front, moving quickly, almost at a sprint, racing down the line of police-- helmet and shields and truncheons-- a peripheral blur.
他们像一群暴徒一样涌来，所有人都挤在一起，双手搭在前面的人的肩膀上，快速移动，几乎是全跑，沿着警察的队伍冲下去——头盔、盾牌和警棍——周围一片模糊。
The line of police led to the buses.
警察队伍通向公共汽车。
But just before the bus door, someone in front veered sharply and the mob followed.
但就在公交车门前，前面有人突然转向，暴徒也跟着跟着。
The police had anticipated this and were waiting.
警方已经预料到了这一点，并正在等待。
The group turned again, veering in another direction and rushed out into the space between the two buses.
一行人再次转身，转向另一个方向，冲进两辆巴士之间的空间。
It came to a sudden stop.
它突然停了下来。
And I slammed into the person in front of me, and people slammed into me from behind.
我撞到了前面的人，人们也从后面撞到了我。
The police had been there as well.
警察也在那里。
There were about 200 people crushed together, but they seemed able to move in unison like some giant, strangely coordinated insect.
大约有两百人挤在一起，但他们似乎能够一致行动，就像某种巨大的、协调性奇特的昆虫一样。
A third direction was tried.
尝试了第三个方向。
The police were not there.
警察不在场。
There were no police anywhere.
到处都没有警察。
What was the duration of what followed?
接下来的事情持续了多长时间？
It might have been 20 minutes.
可能已经20分钟了。
It seemed longer.
看起来更长了。
It was windy and dark and the trees, blowing back and forth in front of the street lamps, cast long, moving shadows.
风很大，天色昏暗，路灯前的树木摇摇晃晃，投下长长的、动人的影子。
I was never able to see clearly.
我始终无法看清楚。
I knew to follow Sammy.
我知道要跟着萨米。
The moment the group broke free, he had handed his bag and camera to someone, telling them to give them back later at the hotel.
当这群人挣脱束缚时，他把包和相机交给了某人，并告诉他们稍后在酒店还给他们。
Then Sammy turned and started running backwards.
然后萨米转身开始向后跑。
He appeared to be measuring the group, taking in its size.
他似乎在衡量这个群体，计算其规模。
The energy, he said, still running backwards, speaking to no one in particular, the energy is very high.
他说，能量仍在倒退，没有对任何人具体说，能量非常高。
He was alert, vital, moving constantly, looking in all directions.
他很警觉，充满活力，不断移动，观察各个方向。
He was holding out his hands with this fingers outstretched.
他伸出双手，手指伸出。
Feel the energy, he said.
感受能量，他说。
There were six or seven younger supporters jogging beside him.
他身边有六七个年轻的支持者慢跑。
And it would be some time before I realized that there were always six or seven younger supporters jogging beside him.
过了一段时间我才意识到总是有六七个年轻的支持者在他身边慢跑。
When he turned in one direction, they turned with him.
当他转向一个方向时，他们也跟着他转向。
When he ran backwards, they ran backwards.
当他向后跑时，他们也向后跑。
No doubt if Sammy had suddenly become airborne, there would have been six or seven younger supporters desperately flapping their arms trying to do the same.
毫无疑问，如果萨米突然飞到空中，会有六七个年轻的支持者拼命地拍打手臂试图做同样的事情。
The younger supporters were in fact very young.
年轻的支持者实际上非常年轻。
At first, I put their age at around 16.
起初，我把他们的年龄定在16岁左右。
But they might have been younger.
但他们可能更年轻。
They might have been 14.
他们可能才14岁。
They might have been nine.
他们可能已经九岁了。
I take pleasure even now in thinking of them as nothing more than overgrown nine-year-olds.
即使是现在，我仍然很高兴将他们视为只不过是长大了的九岁孩子。
They were nasty little nine year olds, who, in some kind of prepubescent confusion, regarded Sammy as their dad.
他们是令人讨厌的九岁小孩子，在青春期前的某种困惑中，他们把萨米视为他们的父亲。
At one moment, a cluster of police came rushing towards us.
就在这时，一群警察向我们冲来。
And Sammy, having spotted them, whispered a new command, hissing that we were to disperse.
萨米发现了他们，低声发出了新的命令，嘶嘶地叫我们散开。
The members of the group split up, some crossing the street, some carrying on down the center, but some falling behind, until they'd got past the policeman whereupon Sammy turned around, running backwards again, and ordered everyone to regroup.
队伍里的人分开了，有的过马路，有的继续沿着中心走，有的则落在后面，直到越过了警察，萨米才转身向后跑，命令大家重新集合。
And the little ones, like trained dogs, herded the members of the group back together.
小家伙们就像训练有素的狗一样，把大家聚集在一起。
I trotted along.
我一路小跑。
Everyone was moving at such a speed that, to ensure I didn't miss anything, I concentrated on keeping up with Sammy.
每个人都移动得如此之快，为了确保我不会错过任何事情，我集中精力跟上萨米。
I could see that this was starting to irritate him.
我看得出来这开始激怒他了。
He kept having to notice me.
他一直不得不注意我。
What are you doing here, he asked me, after he had turned around running backwards, doing a quick head count after everyone had regrouped.
“你在这里做什么？”他转身向后跑，在所有人重新集合后快速清点人数后，他问我。
He knew precisely what I was doing there.
他清楚地知道我在那里做什么。
And he had made a point of asking his question loudly enough that the others had to hear it as well.
他特意大声问了自己的问题，让其他人也能听到。
Just the thing, I thought.
我想，就是这样。
[BLEEP] off, one of his runts said suddenly, peering into my face.
[哔] 走开，他的一个矮子突然说道，凝视着我的脸。
He had a knife.
他有一把刀。
I dropped back a bit, just outside of striking range.
我向后退了一点，就在攻击范围之外。
I looked about me.
我环顾四周。
I didn't recognize anyone.
我没有认出任何人。
I was surrounded by people I hadn't met.
我周围都是我素未谋面的人。
Worse, I was surrounded by people I hadn't met who kept telling me to [BLEEP] off.
更糟糕的是，我周围都是我素未谋面的人，他们一直叫我[BLEEP]别说话。
Nobody was saying a word.
没有人说话。
There was a muted grunting and the sound of their feet on the pavement.
传来一阵低沉的咕哝声和他们踩在人行道上的脚步声。
And every now and then, Sammy would whisper one of his commands.
时不时地，萨米会低声发出他的命令。
I remember thinking in the clearest possible terms, I don't want to get beaten up.
我记得我用最清晰的方式思考，我不想被殴打。
And then Sammy, having judged the moment to be right, suddenly stopped.
然后萨米判断时机成熟，突然停了下来。
And abandoning all pretense of invisibility, he shouted, stop.
他放弃了所有隐形的伪装，大喊，停下来。
Everyone stopped.
大家都停了下来。
Turn.
转动。
Everyone turned.
所有人都转过身来。
They knew what to expect.
他们知道会发生什么。
I didn't.
我没有。
It was only then that I saw the Italians, who had been following us.
直到那时我才看到一直跟踪我们的意大利人。
In the half-light, streetlight darkness, I couldn't tell how many there were, but there were enough for me to realize-- holy [BLEEP]-- that I was now unexpectedly in the middle of a very big fight.
在半明半暗的街灯黑暗中，我无法说出有多少人，但已经足够让我意识到——天哪[哔]——我现在出乎意料地陷入了一场非常激烈的战斗中。
Having dropped back to get out of the reach of Sammy and his lieutenants, I was in the rear, which as the group turned, had suddenly become the front.
为了躲避萨米和他的副官们的攻击，我掉到了后面，而当队伍转身时，我突然变成了前面。
Adrenaline is one of the body's more powerful chemicals.
肾上腺素是人体最强大的化学物质之一。
Seeing the English on one side of me and the Italians on the other, I remember seeming quickly to take on the properties of a small helicopter, rising several feet in the air and moving out of everybody's way.
看到英国人在我的一侧，意大利人在另一侧，我记得我似乎很快就拥有了一架小型直升机的特性，升到几英尺高的空中，避开了每个人的道路。
There was a roar, everybody roaring, and the English supporters charged into the Italians.
一声怒吼，所有人都怒吼起来，英国队的支持者冲向了意大利队。
In the next second, I went down.
下一秒，我就倒下了。
A dark blur and then smack.
一片黑暗，然后噼啪作响。
I got hit on the side of the head by a beer can, a full one, thrown powerfully enough to knock me over.
一个啤酒罐击中了我的头部，一罐装满的啤酒罐猛烈地扔过来，足以把我撞倒。
As I got up, two policemen, the only two I saw, came rushing past.
当我起身时，我看到的仅有的两个警察冲了过来。
And one of them clubbed me on the back of the head.
其中一个人用棍子打我的后脑勺。
Back down I went.
我就回去了。
Directly in front of me, so close I could almost reach out to touch his face, a young Italian-- a boy, really-- had been knocked down.
就在我的正前方，一个年轻的意大利人——实际上是个男孩——被撞倒了，距离我近得几乎可以伸手触摸他的脸。
As he was getting up, an England supporter pushed the boy down again, ramming his flat hand against the boy's face.
当他站起来时，一名英格兰支持者再次将男孩推倒，并用平坦的手猛击男孩的脸。
He fell back and his head hit the pavement, the back of it bouncing slightly.
他向后倒去，头撞到了人行道上，后背轻轻弹起。
Two of the Manchester United supporters appeared.
两名曼联球迷出现了。
One kicked the boy in the ribs.
其中一人踢了男孩的肋骨。
It was a soft sound, which surprised me.
那声音很轻，让我吃了一惊。
You could hear the impact of the shoe on the fabric of the boy's clothing.
你可以听到鞋子撞击男孩衣服面料的声音。
He was kicked again, this time very hard, and the sound was still soft.
他又被踢了一脚，这一次踢得很用力，声音依然轻柔。
Muted.
静音。
The boy reached down to protect himself, to guard his ribs, and the other English supporters then kicked him in the face.
男孩伸手保护自己，保护他的肋骨，然后其他英格兰支持者踢了他的脸。
This was a soft sound as well, but it was different.
这同样是轻柔的声音，但又不同。
You could tell that it was his face that had been kicked and not his body, and not something protected by clothing.
看得出，被踢的是他的脸，而不是身体，也不是有衣服保护的东西。
It sounded gritty.
听起来很坚韧。
Another Manchester United supporter appeared, and another, and then a third.
另一位曼联支持者出现了，然后是另一位，然后是第三位。
There were now six, and they all started kicking the boy on the ground.
现在已经有六个人了，他们都开始踢地上的男孩。
The boy covered his face.
男孩捂住了脸。
I was transfixed.
我惊呆了。
It was as if time had dramatically slowed down and each second had a distinct beginning and end, like a sequence of images on a roll of film.
就好像时间急剧地变慢了，每一秒都有明显的开始和结束，就像胶卷上的一系列图像一样。
Two more Manchester United supporters appeared.
又有两名曼联球迷出现。
There was no speech, only that soft, yielding sound.
没有说话，只有那轻柔的、令人屈服的声音。
Although sometimes it was a gravelly, scraping one, of the blows, one after the other.
尽管有时是一阵又一阵的沙砾般的刮擦声。
The thought of it, eight people kicking the boy at once.
想到这里，八个人同时踢了男孩一脚。
At what point is the job completed?
工作什么时候完成？
A policeman appeared, but only one.
一名警察出现了，但只有一名。
Where were the other police?
其他警察在哪里？
There had been so many before.
以前有过很多次。
The policeman came running hard and knocked over two of the supporters.
警察奋力奔跑，撞倒了两名支持者。
And the others fled.
而其他人则逃走了。
And then time accelerated.
然后时间加速了。
No longer slow motion time, but time moving very fast.
时间不再是慢动作，而是移动得很快。
We ran off.
我们逃跑了。
I don't know what happened to the boy.
我不知道男孩发生了什么事。
I then noticed that all around me, there were others like him, others who had been tripped up and had their faces kicked.
然后我发现我周围还有像他一样的人，还有被绊倒、脸被踢的人。
I had to sidestep a body on the ground to avoid running on top of it.
我必须避开地上的一具尸体，以免跑到它上面。
In the vernacular of the supporters, it had now gone off.
用支持者的话来说，现在已经结束了。
With that first violent exchange, some kind of threshold had been crossed, some notional boundary.
随着第一次激烈的交流，某种门槛、某种概念上的界限被跨越了。
On one side of that boundary had been a sense of limits, an ordinary understanding, even among this lot, of what you didn't do.
边界的一侧是一种限制感，一种对你没有做过的事情的普通理解，即使在这群人中也是如此。
We were now someplace where there would be few limits, where the sense that there were things you didn't do had ceased to exist.
我们现在所处的地方几乎没有什么限制，你没有做的事情的感觉已经不复存在。
It became very violent.
事情变得非常暴力。
I caught up with Sammy.
我追上了萨米。
Sammy was transported.
萨米被传送了。
He was snapping his fingers and jogging in place, his legs pumping up and down, and he was repeating the phrase, it's going off, it's going off.
他打着响指，慢跑在原地，双腿上下摆动，他重复着这句话，它要响了，它要响了。
Everyone around him was excited.
周围的人都兴奋不已。
It was an excitement that verged on something greater, an emotion more transcendent.
这是一种近乎更伟大、更超然的情感的兴奋。
Joy at the very least, but more like ecstasy.
至少是喜悦，但更像是狂喜。
There was an intense energy about it.
它有一种强烈的能量。
It was impossible not to feel some of the thrill.
不可能不感受到一些兴奋。
Somebody near me said that he was happy.
我附近的一个人说他很高兴。
He said that he was very, very happy, that he could not remember ever being so happy.
他说他非常非常幸福，他不记得曾经这么幸福过。
And I looked hard at him, wanting to memorize his face so that I might find him later and ask him what it was that made for this happiness, what it was like.
我认真地看着他，想记住他的脸，这样我以后就能找到他，问他是什么造就了这种幸福，这种幸福是什么样的。
It was a strange thought.
这是一个奇怪的想法。
Here was someone who believed that at this precise moment following a street scuffle, he had succeeded in capturing one of life's most elusive qualities.
这个人相信，在街头混战之后的这个时刻，他已经成功地捕捉到了生活中最难以捉摸的品质之一。
But then he, dazed, babbling away about his happiness, disappeared into the crowd and the darkness.
但随后，他茫然无措，喋喋不休地谈论着他的幸福，消失在人群和黑暗中。
The group crossed a street, a major intersection.
一行人穿过一条街道，一个主要十字路口。
At the head of the traffic was a bus.
车流的最前面是一辆公共汽车。
And one of the supporters stepped up to the front of it and, from about six feet, hurled something with great force-- it wasn't a stone.
一名支持者走到它的前面，从大约六英尺处用大力扔出一个东西——那不是一块石头。
It was big and made of metal, like the manifold of a car engine-- straight into the driver's windshield.
它很大，由金属制成，就像汽车发动机的歧管一样——直接插入驾驶员的挡风玻璃。
The sound of that shattering windshield, I realize now, was a powerful stimulant, physical and intrusive.
我现在意识到，挡风玻璃破碎的声音是一种强大的兴奋剂，具有物理性和侵入性。
Crossing this intersection, traffic coming from four directions, supporters trotting on top of cars, the sound of this thing going through the windshield, the crash following its impact had the effect of increasing the heat of the feeling.
穿过这个十字路口，车流从四个方向涌来，支持者在车顶上小跑，这个东西穿过挡风玻璃的声音，撞击后的碰撞都增加了这种感觉的热度。
I can't describe it any other way.
我无法用其他方式来描述它。
It was almost literally a matter of temperature.
这几乎就是一个温度问题。
We moved on.
我们继续前进。
A bin was thrown through a car showroom window.
一个垃圾箱被扔进汽车陈列室的窗户。
There was another loud crashing sound, a shop, its door was smashed.
又是一声巨响，一间店铺的门被撞碎了。
A clothing shop, its windows were smashed, and one or two English supporters lingered to loot from the display.
一家服装店的窗户被砸碎，一两个英国支持者徘徊在陈列室里抢劫。
The city is ours, Sammy said.
这座城市是我们的，萨米说。
And he repeated the possessive each time with greater intensity.
他每次都以更大的强度重复这个所有格。
It is ours.
这是我们的。
Ours.
我们的。
Ours.
我们的。
What happens when a crowd goes over the edge or the cliff?
当人群越过边缘或悬崖时会发生什么？
The metaphors, though hackneyed, are revealing.
这些比喻虽然陈词滥调，但却很有启发性。
This is the way they talk about it.
他们就是这样谈论的。
They talk about the crack, the buzz, and the fix.
他们谈论裂缝、嗡嗡声和修复方法。
They talk about having to have it, of being unable to forget it when they do, of not wanting to forget it ever.
他们谈论必须拥有它，谈论当他们拥有它时无法忘记它，谈论永远不想忘记它。
They talk about being sustained by it, telling and retelling what happened and what it felt like.
他们谈论被它支撑着，讲述并重述发生的事情和感觉。
They talk about it with the pride of the privileged of those who have had, seen, felt, been through something that other people have not.
他们带着特权者的自豪感谈论这件事，因为他们曾经、见过、感受过、经历过其他人没有经历过的事情。
Violence is one of the most intensely lived experiences, and for those capable of giving themselves over to it, it's one of the most intense pleasures.
暴力是最强烈的生活经历之一，对于那些能够将自己奉献给暴力的人来说，它是最强烈的快乐之一。
I felt, as the group passed over its metaphorical cliff, that I had literally become weightless.
当这群人越过隐喻的悬崖时，我感觉自己真的变得失重了。
I had abandoned gravity, was greater than it.
我已经放弃了重力，比它更大。
I felt myself to be hovering above myself, capable of perceiving everything in slow motion, and in overwhelming detail.
我感觉自己悬停在自己之上，能够以慢动作和压倒性的细节感知一切。
And for the first time, I'm able to understand the words they use to describe it.
我第一次能够理解他们用来描述它的词语。
That crowd violence was their drug.
人群暴力是他们的毒品。
What was it like for me?
对我来说是什么样的？
An experience of absolute completeness.
绝对完整的体验。
Bill Buford reading from his book Among the Thugs .
比尔·布福德正在读他的书《在暴徒之中》。
He is the literary and fiction editor at The New Yorker magazine.
他是《纽约客》杂志的文学和小说编辑。
Coming up, class warfare seventh grade-style.
即将到来，七年级风格的阶级斗争。
That is, when seventh graders become an angry mob.
也就是说，当七年级学生变成一群愤怒的暴民时。
That and more in a minute, from Public Radio International, when our program continues.
当我们的节目继续进行时，国际公共广播电台将立即介绍这一点以及更多内容。
[MUSIC - "MAIN TITLE (THE GODFATHER WALTZ)," NINO ROTA]
[音乐 - “主要标题（教父华尔兹）”，尼诺·罗塔]
It's This American Life.
这就是美国生活。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Each week on our program, of course, we choose a theme, bring you a variety of different kinds of stories on that theme.
当然，每周我们的节目都会选择一个主题，为您带来有关该主题的各种不同类型的故事。
Today's program, the pleasure of being in a mob and the terror of being in a mob.
今天的节目，成为暴徒的乐趣和成为暴徒的恐怖。
We have arrived at Act Two of our program.
我们已经进入了计划的第二幕。
Act Two, One Tin Soldier Rides Away.
第二幕，一名锡兵骑马离开。
We tend to believe that it's other people who will be susceptible to the lure of the mob, not ourselves.
我们倾向于相信，容易受到暴徒诱惑的是其他人，而不是我们自己。
Karen Bernstein doesn't feel that way because of something that happened to her in the seventh grade in rural Connecticut.
凯伦·伯恩斯坦 (Karen Bernstein) 却没有这样的感觉，因为她七年级时在康涅狄格州农村发生了一件事情。
It's the incident she remembers more than anything else that happened that year in school.
这是她最记得那一年在学校发生的事情。
26 years later at her class reunion, this incident sparked the most animated conversations.
26年后的同学聚会上，这件事引发了最热烈的讨论。
So she went back and interviewed her former classmates and her teacher.
于是她回去采访了以前的同学和老师。
I have before me a Xerox of a teacher's private lesson plan.
我面前有一份老师私人课程计划的复印件。
It's dated September 24, 1973.
日期是 1973 年 9 月 24 日。
It's handwritten in the neat, cursive script if my seventh grade social studies teacher, Mr. Les Levitt.
这是我七年级社会研究老师莱斯·莱维特先生用工整的草书手写的。
It's titled, Course on Totalitarianism.
它的标题是《极权主义课程》。
It reads, objective, I want the students to realize how a person or a small group of people can hypnotize a large group of people into following them.
客观地说，我希望学生们意识到一个人或一小群人如何催眠一大群人追随他们。
Rather than run away from the fear and danger, I want the students to experience all of the emotion, fear and terror firsthand.
我希望学生们能够亲身体验所有的情感、恐惧和恐惧，而不是逃避恐惧和危险。
By providing such a learning experience, I hope to provide the students with enough information to avoid such a situation in the future.
通过提供这样的学习经历，我希望能够为学生提供足够的信息，以避免将来出现这种情况。
Method for achieving objective, a simulation of a totalitarian takeover as a class project.
实现目标的方法，将极权主义接管模拟为一个班级项目。
Mr. Levitt was the most popular teacher at Shepaug Middle School where this all happened, probably the youngest.
莱维特先生是这一切发生的谢帕格中学最受欢迎的老师，可能是最年轻的。
He was hip, perhaps a little on the hippie side.
他很时髦，也许有点嬉皮士的一面。
He had long sideburns and wore aviator glasses and bell bottoms.
他留着长鬓角，戴着飞行员眼镜，穿着喇叭裤。
And we loved him.
我们爱他。
One day in class, he told us we had rights, that we should have a voice in how the school was run, that we could eat without a lunchroom matron telling us where to sit.
有一天在课堂上，他告诉我们我们有权利，我们应该对学校的运作有发言权，我们可以吃饭而无需午餐室管理员告诉我们坐在哪里。
When I tracked him down, Mr. Levitt remembered it this way.
当我找到他时，莱维特先生是这样回忆的。
I had planned to do something nice and easy, maybe a couple of days or a week.
我本来计划做一些美好而简单的事情，也许几天或一周。
I started on the project and started to get them into kind of a rebellious mood.
我开始了这个项目，并开始让他们产生一种叛逆的情绪。
And I said, maybe what we ought to do is we ought to be able to write a bill of rights or something like that for students.
我说，也许我们应该做的是我们应该能够为学生写一份权利法案或类似的东西。
And then I remember telling them a little bit about protesting Vietnam.
然后我记得告诉他们一些关于抗议越南的事情。
And they said, were you one of those protesters, Mr. Levitt?
他们说，莱维特先生，你是那些抗议者之一吗？
I said, yeah, I was protesting.
我说，是的，我是在抗议。
Oh yeah, I wore the armbands and everything.
哦，是的，我戴着臂章什么的。
I'll never forget it.
我永远不会忘记它。
I was standing there and I was just looking at them, and they were just so attentive.
我站在那里，只是看着他们，他们是如此专注。
And it just came upon me like, wow.
我突然想到，哇。
I could really do something here, because everybody is so into it.
我真的可以在这里做一些事情，因为每个人都很热衷于此。
Why not carry it a step further?
为什么不更进一步呢？
So with Mr. Levitt, we made armbands.
因此，我们和莱维特先生一起制作了臂章。
We also created a flag, like the flag from the movie Billy Jack .
我们还创建了一面旗帜，就像电影《比利杰克》中的旗帜一样。
Then the school administrators commenced a series of repressive actions, all designed to rile us up.
然后学校管理人员开始了一系列镇压行动，目的都是为了激怒我们。
The head of the social studies department banned the flag and the armbands in a bluntly worded edict, demanding their immediate destruction.
社会研究系主任在一份措辞直白的法令中禁止了国旗和臂章，要求立即销毁它们。
We countered by sending a letter to the principal demanding that he allow our new armbands in school.
我们对此进行了反击，致函校长要求他允许我们在学校佩戴新臂章。
And I remember going into the classroom and having Les Levitt start chanting whatever it was that we were, some power chant.
我记得走进教室，莱斯·莱维特开始吟诵我们的内容，一些力量的颂歌。
He got up on the end of the desks and walked around the desks on top of the desks.
他从桌子的一端站起来，在桌子顶上绕着桌子走来走去。
And he stopped in front of me.
然后他停在我面前。
He bent down.
他弯下腰。
And he said, do you think that my walking on the desks is strange?
他说，你觉得我在课桌上行走很奇怪吗？
Let me read to you for a second from a letter that you signed around September 27 or so, so three or four days into the experiment itself.
让我读一下你在 9 月 27 日左右签署的一封信给你听，也就是实验进行了三四天。
I guess we're demanding, at this point, that armbands be allowed worn and that flags go up.
我想我们现在要求允许佩戴臂章并升起旗帜。
And at one point, you say, regarding tradition, the flag and the armbands are our tradition.
在某种程度上，你说，关于传统，国旗和臂章是我们的传统。
We are exercising our rights under the Declaration of Independence.
我们正在根据《独立宣言》行使我们的权利。
We suggest you read the document, especially the second paragraph.
我们建议您阅读该文件，尤其是第二段。
Which meant we would have had to have read it in order to cite it.
这意味着我们必须阅读它才能引用它。
The principal wrote us back saying, regarding tradition, you are on pretty shaky ground on this point.
校长给我们回信说，关于传统，你在这一点上的立场相当不稳定。
Whoever heard of a two week old tradition?
谁听说过两周前的传统？
But who am I to quibble?
但我有什么资格狡辩呢？
Go, go and fly your ugly flag.
走吧，去飘扬你那丑陋的旗帜吧。
And how about an appropriate song to go with your flag?
那么，一首适合您的旗帜的歌曲怎么样？
My title suggestion?
我的标题建议？
"It's a Grand Old Rag."
“这是一块伟大的旧抹布。”
So he's responding back by playing the bad guy, reinforcing the enemy.
所以他的回应是扮演坏人，强化敌人。
And what was our reaction?
我们的反应是什么？
Les Levitt Oh, you were livid.
莱斯·莱维特 哦，你很生气。
I mean, you were livid.
我的意思是，你很生气。
And the more we drew you into this, the more you lost sight of what was going on around you.
我们越是让你陷入其中，你就越看不到周围发生的事情。
We were at war.
我们正处于战争之中。
And Mr. Levitt organized the class into a strict military hierarchy.
莱维特先生将班级组织成严格的军事等级制度。
A few of the most popular and well-adjusted kids were tapped to be members of the elite inner council.
一些最受欢迎、适应能力强的孩子被选为精英内部委员会的成员。
Others were freedom police, some were runners for the inner council.
其他人是自由警察，有些人是内部委员会的竞选者。
Mr. Levitt became General Levitt.
莱维特先生成为莱维特将军。
He created intricate wall charts listing each student's rank and duties.
他创建了复杂的挂图，列出了每个学生的级别和职责。
We took these ranks very seriously and real competitiveness started between us.
我们非常重视这些排名，我们之间开始了真正的竞争。
OK, takeover tactical.
好吧，接管战术。
September 24, the flags are put up.
9月24日，升旗仪式。
26, demands made to Glenn to wear armbands.
26日，要求格伦佩戴臂章。
I asked Mr. Levitt to read me his master plan, the timetable of everything that he wanted to happen.
我请莱维特先生向我宣读他的总体规划，即他想要发生的一切的时间表。
September 1, freedom police take over the lunchroom supervision.
9月1日，自由警察接管餐厅监管。
Oh, that was terrific.
哦，那太棒了。
We demanded that we were going to take that over and we stormed the lunchroom and said, everybody out.
我们要求我们接管这件事，然后我们冲进餐厅并说，大家都出去。
The thrill of being in this mob of seventh graders is that you belong to this group.
加入这群七年级学生的兴奋之处在于你属于这个群体。
You're part of this thing that you believe so intensely.
你是你如此坚信的这件事的一部分。
Everybody looked at us in school and we were somebody.
在学校里每个人都看着我们，我们是重要人物。
We weren't just lowly seventh graders that nobody ever talks to.
我们不仅仅是没人说话的低年级七年级学生。
On the 3rd, demands made to have to have the matron in the lunch room eliminated, whoever that was.
3 日，有人要求必须消灭午餐室的女护士，无论那人是谁。
And then on the 5th, we had a victory rally because we had actually won this.
然后在 5 日，我们举行了一场胜利集会，因为我们实际上赢得了这场胜利。
We made further demands for freedom.
我们对自由提出了进一步的要求。
What were we trying to do?
我们想做什么？
That's like the big burning question.
这就像一个紧迫的大问题。
That's what's scary.
这就是可怕的地方。
In my recollection, I can't even remember what we were fighting for.
在我的记忆中，我什至不记得我们为何而战。
I just remember the unity was there and that it was something different.
我只记得团结是存在的，但它是不同的。
And we were trying to change the situation.
我们正在努力改变这种情况。
Yeah, but what was the situation?
是啊，但是当时的情况是怎样的呢？
To a bunch of 12-year-olds, what was the most disillusioning aspect of being in Connecticut at age 12?
对于一群 12 岁的孩子来说，12 岁时来到康涅狄格州最让他们感到幻灭的是什么？
I know.
我知道。
Les Levitt Then we put flags and emblems everywhere in the school.
Les Levitt 然后我们在学校各处都放置了旗帜和徽章。
On the buses, you name it.
在公共汽车上，你能想到的。
They were all over the place.
他们到处都是。
And then the demands that the flags be in every room and that all the students-- all of them-- wear armbands.
然后要求每个房间都悬挂旗帜，并且所有学生——所有人——都佩戴臂章。
The whole school would have to wear armbands.
全校学生都必须佩戴臂章。
Not only were we going to just take over the seventh grade, we were going to take over the whole school here.
我们不仅要接管七年级，还要接管这里的整个学校。
There was never a point at which I stepped outside of that and said, what's going on here?
我从来没有跳出这一点并说，这里发生了什么事？
I had been signing all sorts of unbelievable manifestos about the things that we demanded that the principal put into place.
我一直在签署各种令人难以置信的宣言，内容涉及我们要求校长落实的事情。
I used to say that one of the most valuable lessons I learned from it was never to sign anything you don't read.
我曾经说过，我从中学到的最有价值的教训之一就是永远不要签署任何你不读过的东西。
I said that for a long time until I stopped to think about it.
我说了很长一段时间，直到我停下来思考。
And then I realized that at the time, even if I had read that, I would have signed it anyway.
然后我意识到，当时即使我读了它，我还是会签名。
The next week here, demand for a middle school student to be principal.
下周，要求一名中学生担任校长。
And my escape and the rally in the planetarium, and the assembly to announce our takeover of the middle school.
还有我的逃跑和天文馆的集会，以及宣布我们接管中学的集会。
On a humid October Friday, the experiment finally ended.
在十月一个潮湿的星期五，实验终于结束了。
It was morning, and runners for the inner council came around to all the seventh grade classes, Paul Revere-like, with urgent messages and confirmation of the rumors we had already heard.
那是早上，内部委员会的跑步者像保罗·里维尔一样来到了所有七年级班级，传达了紧急信息并证实了我们已经听到的谣言。
General Levitt's about to be fired.
莱维特将军即将被解雇。
The inner council has been arrested and held in the principal's office.
内部议会已被捕并关押在校长办公室。
Now is the time for all good seventh graders to come to the aid of their classmates.
现在是所有优秀的七年级学生来帮助他们的同学的时候了。
All over the school, kids who had never failed to turn in a homework assignment or even disobey authority in any way decided to skip their next class and overthrow the school.
学校里，从来没有不交作业、甚至以任何方式不服从权威的孩子们决定逃下一堂课并推翻学校。
I don't remember exactly how we all ended up in the planetarium, but in a spectacular display of our underground network and peer bond, it worked.
我不记得我们是如何进入天文馆的，但在我们的地下网络和同伴关系的壮观展示中，它发挥了作用。
And by the next period change, over 100 kids stood before General Levitt with armbands on, flags and drums poised for battle.
到了下一个时期的变化，超过 100 名孩子站在莱维特将军面前，戴着臂章，举着旗帜和鼓准备战斗。
He stood before us dressed in his father's World War II officer's coat and he gave us the speech of our little lives.
他穿着他父亲的二战军官外套站在我们面前，向我们讲述了我们小小的生活。
I said, your plans to take over the lunch room, the plans to take over the school, they're in danger now, because a lot of people found out.
我说，你打算接管食堂，接管学校的计划，现在有危险了，因为很多人都知道了。
I'm in trouble.
我有麻烦了。
They're going to come and get me.
他们会来抓我的。
And you've got to protect me against them, because if not, then everything is going to go down the drain.
你必须保护我免受他们的侵害，因为如果不这样做，那么一切都会付诸东流。
And I said, the inner council has been arrested.
我说，内部委员会已被逮捕。
And I don't know what's going to happen to them.
我不知道他们会发生什么。
But we can't allow anything to happen to them.
但我们不能允许他们发生任何事情。
And the only way we can do it is if we all stick together, stay together, and you protect me, and then they can't do anything with 100 kids.
我们能做到的唯一方法就是我们大家团结在一起，待在一起，你们保护我，然后他们就无法对 100 个孩子做任何事。
General Levitt finished his speech and went into hiding.
莱维特将军演讲完毕，躲了起来。
And we took matters into our own hands.
我们把事情掌握在自己手中。
We said the chant.
我们说了圣歌。
We went out running through the mall area.
我们跑出去穿过商场区域。
There were other students.
还有其他学生。
People were just looking at us, thinking, what is going on?
人们只是看着我们，心想，发生了什么事？
And I remember heading towards the principal's office, getting in there and hearing crying and screaming.
我记得我走向校长办公室，一进去就听到哭声和尖叫声。
And I remember looking into the office and seeing [?
我记得我走进办公室看到了[？
Kathy ?] McDonald hiding underneath the desk.
凯西？] 麦当劳躲在桌子下面。
And then we staged a sit in Principal Glenn Anderson's office, his outer office.
然后我们在校长格伦·安德森的办公室（他的外部办公室）举行了一次静坐。
And he came out and was like, you have got to stop.
他出来后说，你必须停下来。
And we just sat there and ignored him.
我们只是坐在那里，不理他。
And you have to understand, for a 12-year-old girl like myself, this was just incredible.
你必须明白，对于像我这样的 12 岁女孩来说，这简直令人难以置信。
I had never done anything against any elder in my life.
我一生中从未做过任何冒犯长辈的事。
And then something unexpected happened.
然后意想不到的事情发生了。
Levitt showed up, obviously not arrested.
莱维特出现了，显然没有被捕。
We were shocked.
我们很震惊。
Then he did something even more unexpected.
然后他做了一件更让人意想不到的事。
He saw Glenn Anderson, our principal, the man we'd been fighting for weeks, the man who had arrested the inner council, public enemy number one.
他看到了格伦·安德森，我们的校长，我们几个星期以来一直在战斗的人，逮捕了内部委员会的人，头号公敌。
And Mr. Levitt crossed over and stood next to him.
莱维特先生走过来，站在他旁边。
And his body language changed.
他的肢体语言也发生了变化。
He deflated from messianic revolutionary to small town social studies teacher.
他从救世主革命者变成了小镇社会研究老师。
The principal read an announcement over the PA system, saying that this had all been a simulation, an experiment, a hoax.
校长通过公共广播系统读到了一则公告，称这一切都是模拟、实验、骗局。
I just remember sitting back in my seat thinking, I can't believe I let myself be so controlled by these people, and just feeling so used and so taken advantage of.
我只记得坐在座位上想，我不敢相信我让自己被这些人如此控制，感觉如此被利用和被利用。
It was kind of devastating to me that here I'd been tricked or fooled by the very person I was suppose to respect.
在这里，我被我本该尊重的人欺骗或愚弄，这对我来说是一种毁灭性的打击。
Then they went on to explain to us that this was a very positive thing, that we'd really learned from this experience, and we can take this with us.
然后他们继续向我们解释说，这是一件非常积极的事情，我们确实从这次经历中学到了东西，我们可以把它带走。
But it just didn't matter.
但这并不重要。
Nobody wanted to hear that at that moment.
那一刻没有人想听这个。
For months after the totalitarian experiment ended, parents and school officials argued over it.
极权主义实验结束后的几个月里，家长和学校官员为此争论不休。
The local press kept it alive.
当地媒体让它继续存在。
The school board held public hearings that became like a circus, featuring every local interest group, the back to basic parents, the back to Earth parents, the Christian fundamentalists.
学校董事会举行了像马戏团一样的公开听证会，其中包括当地的各个利益团体，回归基本的父母，回归地球的父母，基督教原教旨主义者。
In the end, Mr. Levitt was allowed to keep his job and more than two decades later, all the classmates I spoke with said that they were glad it happened to us.
最终，莱维特先生被允许保留他的工作，二十多年后，所有与我交谈过的同学都说他们很高兴这件事发生在我们身上。
How would I be different had I not gone through that?
如果我没有经历过那件事，我会有什么不同？
I think I would probably have taken a longer time to see my own dark side.
我想我可能需要更长的时间才能看到自己的阴暗面。
I'm actually happy that I was able to see it at a young age, when I couldn't do much damage.
我真的很高兴我能在年轻的时候看到它，当时我还不能造成太大的伤害。
But I think we all have a dark side.
但我认为我们都有阴暗面。
And so the lesson here for me, this is the kid who on every level was a kid who had been well-raised, respectful, worked hard, wanted to please her parents, wasn't rebellious, tried to be a good sister.
所以这对我来说是一个教训，这个孩子在各个层面上都是一个受到良好抚养、尊重、努力工作、想要取悦父母、不叛逆、努力成为一个好姐妹的孩子。
I was a kid who was what you want all, I think at that point, kids to be.
我是一个你想要的孩子，我想在那时，孩子就是这样。
And yet, I was the perfect little fascist.
然而，我却是一个完美的小法西斯分子。
I was the perfect little Nazi.
我是完美的小纳粹。
That's what's scary about it, that it can take all of the good potential and harness it for evil without you having any sense at all that you've lost your way.
这就是它的可怕之处，它可以夺取所有良好的潜力并将其用于邪恶，而你却完全没有意识到自己已经迷失了方向。
It didn't scar me for life.
它并没有给我带来终生的创伤。
It didn't traumatize me beyond that first day.
第一天之后，它并没有给我带来创伤。
I got over it.
我克服了。
I bounced back.
我反弹了。
You move on.
你继续前进。
And you just try to put it into perspective.
你只是试着正确看待它。
And we then moved right away into the study of the rise of fascism in Western Europe.
然后我们立即开始研究西欧法西斯主义的兴起。
And there's no comparison, obviously, to studying the rise of fascism in Western Europe after having been a fascist.
显然，这与研究法西斯主义在成为法西斯主义者后在西欧的崛起是没有可比性的。
John Maloney is now a therapist working with teenagers who are in gangs.
约翰·马洛尼现在是一名治疗帮派青少年的治疗师。
He says he'd never run a simulation like Mr. Levitt did.
他说他从来没有像莱维特先生那样进行过模拟。
I'd probably worry about how kids are handling it and not saying anything about it.
我可能会担心孩子们如何处理它，但不会对此说什么。
I don't know.
我不知道。
Not all of us are as durable as everybody else, you know what I mean?
并非所有人都像其他人一样耐用，你知道我的意思吗？
I'd feel responsible until the day that-- I don't know when I could feel that I undid it if it were negative.
我会感到有责任，直到有一天——我不知道什么时候我会觉得如果它是负面的，我就取消了它。
Many of my classmates wondered what had happened to Mr. Levitt.
我的许多同学想知道莱维特先生发生了什么事。
One of the most surprising discoveries when I had caught up with him was that at the time of the experiment, he was only 22.
当我采访他时，最令人惊讶的发现之一是，在实验时，他只有 22 岁。
It was his first job.
这是他的第一份工作。
And of course.
当然。
Who else but a 22-year-old would try something so brazen?
除了22岁的年轻人，还有谁会做出如此厚颜无耻的事情呢？
Not long after the simulation, Mr. Levitt quit teaching, went to seminary and into the ministry, which he just recently left.
模拟结束后不久，莱维特先生辞去了教职，进入神学院，并进入了他最近刚刚离开的事工。
These days, he's remarkably young looking.
这些天来，他看起来非常年轻。
No gray hair, though a certain energy he used to have has faded.
没有白发，尽管他曾经拥有的某种能量已经消退。
He told me he's lost his sense of mission.
他告诉我他已经失去了使命感。
He seems unsure of himself.
他似乎对自己没有信心。
When I asked him if he'd do a simulation like the one he tried on us again, he said, no, probably not.
当我问他是否会再次进行像他在我们身上尝试的那样的模拟时，他说，不，可能不会。
It was tough.
这很艰难。
It was really hard to do, let me tell you that.
这真的很难做到，让我告诉你。
It was a lot harder than I thought it was going to be, because I thought I was going to be doing it as a teacher, who had taught everybody a valuable lesson.
这比我想象的要困难得多，因为我以为我将以一名老师的身份来做这件事，他给每个人上了宝贵的一课。
When I saw your faces and when I told you, I felt I'd let you down, that I had duped you, I had tricked you, I had totally used you in order to teach you a lesson.
当我看到你们的脸，当我告诉你们时，我觉得我让你们失望了，我欺骗了你们，我欺骗了你们，我完全利用了你们来教训你们。
And I can remember going home and just being up most of the night.
我记得回家后大部分时间都在睡觉。
And it was very, very difficult.
这非常非常困难。
I am 38 eight years old now.
我现在38岁八岁了。
My personal experiment in peer group conformity continues.
我个人在同伴群体一致性方面的实验仍在继续。
It comes and goes.
它来了又走。
And I remember Mr. Levitt's experiment now and then in odd moments.
我偶尔会在奇怪的时刻想起莱维特先生的实验。
When I see someone preaching to a crowd, I'm suspicious.
当我看到有人向人群讲道时，我会感到怀疑。
And the more magnetic the speaker, the more suspicious.
而且扬声器的磁性越大，就越可疑。
The truth is, I loved those three weeks in 1973.
事实上，我很喜欢 1973 年的那三个星期。
I had felt a swell of belonging and then a chill.
我先是感到一阵归属感，然后又感到一阵寒意。
That is the victory, I suppose.
我想这就是胜利。
Karen Bernstein is a producer for public television in New York.
凯伦·伯恩斯坦是纽约公共电视台的制片人。
[MUSIC - "ONE TIN SOLDIER (THE LEGEND OF BILLY JACK)," COVEN]
[音乐 - “一个锡兵（比利杰克的传奇）”，COVEN]
Act Three, The Hissing of Winter Lawns .
第三幕，冬季草坪的嘶嘶声。
What happens when a crowd converges over something they strongly believe in for weeks and months in front of television cameras that never go away?
当一群人在永远不会消失的电视摄像机前聚集数周甚至数月，讨论他们坚信的某件事时，会发生什么？
To what degree do the cameras change the character of being in a crowd?
摄像机在多大程度上改变了人群中的特征？
A few days before Elian Gonzalez was seized by federal authorities, reporter Alix Spiegel went to the lawn of his home where activists camped out 24 hours a day.
埃连·冈萨雷斯 (Elian Gonzalez) 被联邦当局逮捕的前几天，记者阿利克斯·斯皮格尔 (Alix Spiegel) 来到他家的草坪，那里的活动人士每天 24 小时都在那里露营。
In the evenings, the crowds would swell and there'd be choreographed protests and prayers for the TV networks.
到了晚上，人群会激增，电视网络上会举行精心设计的抗议活动和祈祷活动。
Media savvy, everyone knew the appropriate things to say to reporters.
精通媒体，每个人都知道该对记者说哪些话。
But in other ways, Alix Spiegel reports, they were like any political gathering.
但阿利克斯·斯皮格尔报道说，在其他方面，它们就像任何政治集会一样。
When I arrive at 1:00 in the morning, there are about 40 people awake and milling around, swapping stories and guzzling soft drinks like neighbors at a Sunday barbecue.
当我凌晨 1:00 到达时，大约有 40 个人醒着，四处闲逛，一边交换故事，一边喝着软饮料，就像周日烧烤会上的邻居一样。
The first person I meet is a man in a lawn chair.
我见到的第一个人是一个坐在草坪椅子上的男人。
He's got a portable CD player in his lap and his earphones on, and he's grooving to some music.
他腿上放着一台便携式 CD 播放器，戴着耳机，正在听音乐。
His name is Javier and he takes me on a tour.
他的名字叫哈维尔，他带我去参观。
All the truly committed have the seats in the front.
所有真正忠诚的人都坐在前面的座位上。
To the right of the police barricades, under a blue tarp strung between street signs, are the hardcore supporters who have been here from the beginning.
在警察路障的右侧，在街道标志之间串起的蓝色防水布下，是从一开始就在这里的铁杆支持者。
In a similar place of honor, on the opposite side of the street, the survivors from the Bay of Pigs.
在街道对面的类似荣誉地点，是猪湾事件的幸存者。
And then there are the cheap seats.
然后还有便宜的座位。
The street, the sidewalk, the driveways.
街道、人行道、车道。
This is where Javier sleeps.
这是哈维尔睡觉的地方。
He's been here 10 days.
他来这里已经10天了。
He came, he says, with a sleeping bag, a few changes of clothes, and his CD player.
他说，他带着一个睡袋、几件换洗的衣服和他的 CD 播放器来了。
Abandoned his home and job and family to come and protect little Elian.
放弃了自己的家、工作和家人来保护小埃连。
In the morning I see him again.
早上我又见到他了。
And again, he's got on his earphones and he's grooving to his music.
再一次，他戴上了耳机，开始随着音乐律动起来。
So I ask what he's listening to.
所以我问他在听什么。
And he tells me it's a song by Mr. Phil Collins, which reminds him of little Elian.
他告诉我这是菲尔·柯林斯先生的一首歌，这让他想起了小埃利安。
He says that since he arrived, he's listened to this song well over 70 times.
他说自从他来到这里以来，他已经听了这首歌超过 70 遍。
Whenever he's feeling down or overwhelmed by the 24-hour vigil, and that he also likes to play the song for the other supporters on the street.
每当他因 24 小时守夜而感到沮丧或不知所措时，他也喜欢为街上的其他支持者播放这首歌。
He says that often when he plays the song for the other supporters, their eyes will fill with tears.
他说，当他为其他支持者播放这首歌时，他们的眼睛常常会充满泪水。
This makes me curious, so we sit down on the sidewalk and he presses the earphone of his CD player to my microphone and sings along.
这让我很好奇，所以我们坐在人行道上，他把 CD 播放器的耳机按在我的麦克风上，跟着唱。
[SINGING] Now stop your crying, it will be all right.
[唱歌] 现在别哭了，一切都会好起来的。
Just take my hand, hold it tight.
只要握住我的手，紧紧握住。
I will protect you from all around you.
我会保护你免受周围一切的伤害。
I will be here, don't you cry.
我会在这里，你别哭。
A few days ago, Javier was taken to jail for attempting to break down a police barricade.
几天前，哈维尔因试图冲破警察路障而被关进监狱。
And the other supporters, who had known him less than a week, raised almost $1,000 to bail him out.
其他认识他还不到一周的支持者筹集了近 1000 美元来保释他。
It's easy to find this kind of ad hoc solidarity here.
在这里很容易找到这种临时的团结。
It's also easy to find sentimentality, melodrama, and paranoia.
我们也很容易发现多愁善感、情节剧和偏执。
Several people, I'm told, have made out their wills, expecting to die in front of the TV cameras on Elian's lawn.
据我所知，有几个人已经立下遗嘱，希望死在埃利安草坪上的电视摄像机前。
Javier tells me that there are dangers all around.
哈维尔告诉我，危险无处不在。
Four days before the feds seize Elian, rumors circulate in the crowd that Janet Reno is hiding out in Miami.
在联邦调查局逮捕埃连的四天前，人群中流传着珍妮特·雷诺躲藏在迈阿密的谣言。
They say she only pretended to board a plane and fly back to Washington, but in actual fact, landed the plane close by and is now stationed somewhere inside the city limits.
他们说她只是假装登上飞机飞回华盛顿，但实际上，飞机降落在附近，现在驻扎在城市范围内的某个地方。
There's another rumor that the feds have been practicing stealing little Elian away in a big white van disguised as a plasma unit.
还有谣言称，联邦政府一直在练习用一辆伪装成等离子装置的白色大货车偷走小埃连。
They will sedate him, probably with gas, and deliver him to his father, who will take him back to Cuba where he will eventually be killed.
他们会给他注射镇静剂（可能是用气体），然后把他交给他的父亲，他的父亲将把他带回古巴，最终在那里被杀。
I hear that Elian will be killed from six different people, people anxious for me to understand why it's so important to be vigilant, even when that means being on guard against one another.
我听说埃利安将被六个不同的人杀害，他们急切地希望我明白为什么保持警惕如此重要，即使这意味着要互相提防。
You can see when people's eyes are [WHISTLES].
你可以看到人们的眼睛何时[口哨]。
They're not really listening, they're not all there.
他们并没有真正在听，也没有全部在场。
They can't say the national anthem, they can't say the Cuban anthem.
他们不能唱国歌，也不能唱古巴国歌。
And some people act like they're with us.
有些人表现得好像他们和我们在一起。
And when they're saying the anthem, they're not saying it, they're mumbling it.
当他们唱国歌时，他们不是说出来，而是咕哝着。
It's a matter of fact.
这是事实。
A couple of days ago we had two of them.
几天前，我们有两个。
They were laughing and they were telling us that they were tourists.
他们笑着告诉我们他们是游客。
As a matter of fact, one of them tells me that he just came a couple of days from Havana and his other friend came from Cleveland, Ohio.
事实上，其中一个人告诉我，他刚从哈瓦那来几天，他的另一个朋友来自俄亥俄州克利夫兰。
And he came to pick him up.
他来接他了。
And they were going to do the South Beach scene.
他们要拍南海滩的场景。
And they heard about Elian and came over.
他们听说了埃利安的事就过来了。
I said listen, guys.
我说听着，伙计们。
I was born here.
我出生在这里。
My husband is a military man.
我的丈夫是一名军人。
If it looks like an agent, if it smells like an agent, you guys are an agent.
如果它看起来像特工，如果闻起来像特工，你们就是特工。
And you look the part.
而你看起来就是那个角色。
And he says, look, I've got a driver's license.
他说，看，我有驾照。
I said, you really think that we're that ignorant here?
我说，你真以为我们这里就这么无知吗？
These are not just people who got off the boat, for god's sake.
看在上帝的份上，这些不仅仅是下船的人。
Our conversation is interrupted by a press conference.
我们的谈话被新闻发布会打断了。
For some reason, as soon as the cameras begin to roll, Javier pops up and makes his way behind a stripe of yellow police tape, through the private yard of the neighbor directly across the street from Elian's house and into the restricted press area.
出于某种原因，摄像机一开始转动，哈维尔就突然出现，在黄色警戒线后面穿过埃利安家对面邻居的私人庭院，进入新闻禁区。
I follow him and observe, as he crouches behind a cameraman, pulls out a pad of paper and a pen, and starts scribbling notes.
我跟着他观察，他蹲在摄影师后面，拿出一张纸和一支笔，开始写笔记。
He is pretending to be a reporter, using the pen and paper as props, occasionally raising his hand as if he's going to ask a question.
他假装成一名记者，以笔和纸为道具，时不时地举起手，好像要问问题一样。
I'm so busy watching him that it takes a full 10 minutes before I realize that I, myself, am being watched.
我正忙着观察他，足足过了十分钟我才意识到我自己正在被监视。
A Cuban woman with long black hair is spying on me as I spy on Javier.
一个长着黑发的古巴女人正在监视我，就像我监视哈维尔一样。
I catch her eye, and she signals for me to come over, which I do.
我引起了她的注意，她示意我过去，我照做了。
She wants to know exactly what Javier thinks he's doing.
她想确切地知道哈维尔认为他在做什么。
So naturally, I ask her why she wants to know.
所以很自然地，我问她为什么想知道。
I'm concerned because everyone is being observed as far as any kind of conduct to provoke violence or disorder, because we don't want that.
我很担心，因为每个人都会受到观察，发现任何煽动暴力或骚乱的行为，因为我们不希望这样。
And this individual has done that.
这个人已经做到了。
And he was taken to jail, and we took him out.
他被关进监狱，我们把他带了出去。
We bailed him out with our own money.
我们用自己的钱保释了他。
And now he's out.
现在他出去了。
And he's got a lot of unexplainable and mysterious sources and phone calls.
他还有很多无法解释和神秘的消息来源和电话。
You're afraid that he's like some kind of plant.
你担心他就像某种植物。
And people have been talking about the possibility that he is?
而人们一直在谈论他的可能性？
Yeah, I was called yesterday.
是的，昨天我接到电话了。
In the afternoon I was called to make sure that I just keep an eye on him, that's all.
下午我被打电话来确保我只是留意他，仅此而已。
See what he's doing.
看看他在做什么。
Her name is Rita.
她的名字叫丽塔。
She left her baby son with her mother two months ago, and has been sleeping in a lawn chair under a tarp in front of the barricade every night, waiting for the feds to come.
两个月前，她把小儿子留给了母亲，每晚都睡在路障前防水布下的草坪椅上，等待联邦调查局的到来。
She tells me that the people who asked her to keep an eye on Javier are part of an organization.
她告诉我，让她监视哈维尔的人是某个组织的成员。
She can't tell me very much about it, not even its name, only that 7,000 people are involved and that they're all good people who don't want to cause any trouble.
她不能告诉我太多关于它的事情，甚至连它的名字都没有告诉我，只是说有7000人参与其中，而且他们都是好人，不想引起任何麻烦。
How can I explain this?
我该如何解释这一点？
We're trying to filter the bad people out.
我们正在努力过滤掉坏人。
We don't want anybody, especially anybody sent by Castro.
我们不想要任何人，尤其是卡斯特罗派来的任何人。
So you think that Javier might be sent by Castro?
所以你认为哈维尔可能是卡斯特罗派来的？
That's still under speculation.
这仍处于猜测之中。
But yeah, sure.
但是，是的，当然。
Many people have come here that are sent by Castro.
许多人是卡斯特罗派来的。
As Rita whispers, Javier emerges from the press conference.
丽塔低声说话时，哈维尔从新闻发布会上走了出来。
He's laughing and congratulating himself on his hoax as Rita approaches and casually starts up a conversation.
当丽塔走近并漫不经心地开始交谈时，他笑着庆祝自己的骗局。
She tells him that she goes to college at Miami Dade.
她告诉他她在迈阿密戴德大学上大学。
That's fantastic.
太棒了。
Rita I'm studying human behavior.
丽塔，我正在研究人类行为。
and?
和？
I'm very good at it.
我很擅长。
Because I love kids.
因为我爱孩子。
Rita You seem very educated in what you're doing.
丽塔：你看起来对你所做的事情很有教养。
I really admire that you came here and everything.
我真的很钦佩你来到这里以及一切。
I can't believe you went to jail for this cause.
我不敢相信你因为这个原因进了监狱。
I wasn't interested in going to jail.
我对进监狱不感兴趣。
If that guy hadn't grabbed me, I wouldn't have gone to jail.
如果那个家伙没有抓住我，我就不会进监狱。
I was going to cut those two [UNINTELLIGIBLE] chains.
我要剪断那两条[无法辨认]的锁链。
It's a long story.
这是一个很长的故事。
Rita Who told you to cut them?
丽塔 谁让你剪掉它们的？
I can't tell you.
我不能告诉你。
And I can't tell you if somebody did tell me to cut them.
我无法告诉你是否有人告诉我要剪掉它们。
You can't tell me?
你不能告诉我吗？
Why can't you tell me?
为什么你不能告诉我？
Because everybody is doing what they could for the cause.
因为每个人都在为这个事业做自己力所能及的事情。
My job is to cut the chains.
我的工作是切断链条。
That's what I did.
我就是这么做的。
No one that I know-- and I know everyone here-- told you to cut that chain.
我认识的人——我认识这里的每个人——没有人告诉你要切断那根链条。
Was it Jorge?
是豪尔赫吗？
I'll tell you what, when all this is over, I'll introduce you to him.
我告诉你，当这一切结束后，我会把你介绍给他。
That won't helps us, right?
这对我们没有帮助，对吗？
Javier OK, turn it off for a second?
哈维尔 好吧，把它关掉一会儿好吗？
I scurry off and mingle with the other supporters while Rita and Javier work it out.
我赶紧走开，与其他支持者混在一起，而丽塔和哈维尔则在解决问题。
The next time I see Rita, she's lying down under her tarp with a cloth over her face, nursing a headache.
下次我见到丽塔时，她正躺在防水布下，脸上盖着一块布，正在忍受头痛。
She looks tired.
她看起来很累。
Rita, hi.
丽塔，嗨。
How did it go?
进展如何？
Rita It's OK.
丽塔 没关系。
I'm just going to observe from afar.
我只是远远地观察一下。
What did he say?
他说什么？
Rita He just kept explaining and giving excuses.
Rita He只是不停地解释和找借口。
And he was just too jittery.
而且他实在太紧张了。
I don't know.
我不知道。
I don't want to judge him.
我不想评判他。
Rita, it turns out, hasn't slept in two days.
事实证明，丽塔已经两天没有睡觉了。
She's been too busy worrying and wondering when the feds will come.
她一直在担心和想知道联邦调查局什么时候会来。
And the rest of America is like, oh, come on, we're just sick of this.
而美国其他地区的人则表示，哦，得了吧，我们已经厌倦了这样的事情。
Just send the boy home.
就送孩子回家吧。
The boy should be with the father.
男孩应该和父亲在一起。
Of course, but they're not seeing the whole story.
当然，但他们并没有看到整个故事。
They don't want to.
他们不想。
They're too busy wondering whether their portfolio is going up or down.
他们太忙于想知道他们的投资组合是上涨还是下跌。
The whole story goes something like this.
整个故事是这样的。
Rita's grandfather was killed by the Castro regime for saying three words, this isn't good.
丽塔的爷爷只说了三个字就被卡斯特罗政权杀害了，这可不好。
The man who sleeps in the last chair next to hers says he watched his friends and neighbors be machine gunned into the ditch behind his house.
睡在她旁边最后一张椅子上的男人说，他看到他的朋友和邻居被机关枪扫射到他家后面的沟里。
The blind woman who stays across the street says she was thrown into a mental institution for dissonant behavior.
住在街对面的盲人女子说，她因不和谐的行为而被扔进精神病院。
And it's as if, by saving this one boy, all this history will be redeemed and these people will finally get justice by proxy.
就好像，通过拯救这个男孩，所有的历史都将得到救赎，这些人最终将通过代理人得到正义。
Look, something mysterious has called me to do this.
瞧，有什么神秘的东西召唤我去做这件事。
You have to do this, no matter what.
无论如何，你都必须这样做。
In the past, in the future, you have to do this.
过去、将来，你都必须这样做。
Justice has to be served here.
正义必须在这里得到伸张。
And I can not see beyond that.
除此之外我看不到其他的东西。
I can not believe that I'm doing this.
我不敢相信我正在这样做。
Remember, I was raised American.
请记住，我是在美国人长大的。
I've been here since I was two years old.
我从两岁起就来这里了。
I should be back with the internet crowd and talking about 'N Sync and all that.
我应该回到互联网人群中并谈论“N Sync”之类的事情。
That's what I should be doing.
这就是我应该做的。
But I'm here because I have a calling that's beyond all that superficial ignorance.
但我来这里是因为我有一个超越所有肤浅无知的使命。
So does this feel better to you than anything that you've done before?
那么这对你来说比你以前做过的任何事情感觉更好吗？
It's certainly true that there's real anger here, present just under the surface, which erupts with little warning at any suggestion of dissent.
确实，这里确实存在着真正的愤怒，就在表面之下，任何异议的暗示都没有任何征兆地爆发出来。
I'm standing in the middle of the street watching a group in a semicircle mumble their way through a prayer, when a man standing next to the circle pulls out a sign which communicates his sentiment that Elian belongs with his father in Cuba.
我站在街道中央，看着一群人围成半圆，咕哝着进行祈祷，这时站在圆旁边的一个男人拿出了一个标语，表达了他的情感：埃利安属于古巴的父亲。
And this single act has roughly the same effect as throwing a match into a pool of gasoline.
这一单一行为的效果与将火柴扔进汽油池中的效果大致相同。
Instantly, a mob rises out of nothing and converges on the man.
瞬间，一群暴徒凭空出现，向这名男子聚集。
Men and women are screaming and flailing their arms.
男人和女人尖叫着，挥舞着手臂。
And literally, within seconds, the peaceful prayer circle has been transformed into a full-blown human tsunami.
事实上，几秒钟之内，和平的祈祷圈就变成了一场全面的人类海啸。
Overweight cameramen stream out of the press area, shouldering heavy equipment and flood the mob with TV lights.
体重超重的摄影师扛着重型设备从新闻区涌出，用电视灯光淹没了人群。
There is a lot of jostling and noise, but the circle of people closest to the man keep the rest of the mob from actual violence.
虽然有很多推搡和噪音，但离该男子最近的一圈人让其他暴民免受真正的暴力侵害。
Through the chaos, the mob somehow chooses a direction.
在混乱中，暴民以某种方式选择了一个方向。
They move the man organically, almost beautifully, down the street to the police cars at the end of the block where they deliver him, minus the sign plus a couple slaps on the head, to police officers who stuff him in a car and speed away.
他们有机地、近乎完美地将这名男子沿着街道运送到街区尽头的警车处，然后将他交给警察，去掉标志，并在头上打几巴掌，然后警察将他塞进车里，然后扬长而去。
Before the car has cleared the block, the mob begins to disperse.
在汽车驶过街区之前，暴徒开始散去。
They wander back towards the rest of the crowd and cluster around TV vans parked on the side of the street to watch the video of themselves now being fed to local stations for the 11:00 news.
他们向其他人群走去，聚集在停在街边的电视车周围，观看自己的视频，这些视频现在被传送到当地电视台播放 11:00 的新闻。
As they watch the footage, a consensus appears to emerge, a consensus which has little to do with what actually happened and everything to do with how they want what actually happened to play in the media.
当他们观看录像时，似乎出现了一种共识，这种共识与实际发生的事情无关，而与他们希望实际发生的事情如何在媒体上播放有关。
This is the consensus.
这是共识。
The mob decides that it was not a mob.
暴民决定它不是暴民。
We're having our peaceful demonstration, and we're having our prayers, and all of the sudden there's a man with a sign that said Elian needs to go home.
我们正在进行和平示威，我们正在进行祈祷，突然有一个人举着牌子，上面写着埃利安需要回家。
And we were trying to take him peacefully out, but he resisted.
我们试图和平地把他带出去，但他拒绝了。
Nobody hurt him, nobody nothing, we just walked him out.
没有人伤害他，没有人伤害他，我们只是把他赶了出去。
Together with all the rest of the people, including the men, we saved him.
我们和包括男人在内的所有其他人一起救了他。
They repeat this line to any media person who asks.
他们向任何询问的媒体人重复这句话。
This is, after all, a 21st century mob, a media savvy mob.
毕竟，这是一个21世纪的暴徒，一个精通媒体的暴徒。
A mob so conditioned that even in the middle of an authentic expression of rage, they're half-conscious of how that rage will play, are both encouraged and constrained by that consciousness.
一群暴民的习惯如此强烈，即使在真正表达愤怒的过程中，他们也半意识不到这种愤怒将如何发挥，他们既受到这种意识的鼓励，又受到这种意识的限制。
In other words, a mob unable to entirely lose themselves in the act of being a mob.
换句话说，暴徒无法在暴徒的行为中完全迷失自己。
In the fading light, I stand and watch the men watch themselves through the open doors of the TV van.
在渐暗的灯光下，我站着，看着人们透过敞开的电视车门观看自己。
They seem mesmerized, in spite of themselves, by the spectacle of their own unchoreographed fury.
他们似乎不由自主地被自己未经编排的愤怒景象迷住了。
Alix Spiegel is a reporter in New York City.
阿利克斯·斯皮格尔是纽约市的一名记者。
Our program was produced today by Alex Blumberg and myself, with Susan Burton, Blue Chevigny, and Julie Snyder.
今天我们的节目由 Alex Blumberg 和我本人、Susan Burton、Blue Chevigny 和 Julie Snyder 共同制作。
Production help from Todd Bachmann and Eric [?
托德·巴赫曼 (Todd Bachmann) 和埃里克 (Eric) 提供制作帮助 [?
Poverston.
波弗斯顿。
?] Eric leaves our program today for greener and possibly more musical pastures.
？] 埃里克今天离开我们的节目，前往更绿色、可能更音乐的牧场。
We wish him the past.
我们祝愿他过去。
[ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS] You can listen to our programs for free on the internet at our website, where I strongly urge you to go so you can have the thrill of watching that TV ad we started our program with.
[致谢] 您可以在我们的网站上免费收听我们的节目，我强烈建议您去我们的网站，这样您就可以享受观看我们节目开始时所用的电视广告的快感。
www.thislife.org.
www.thislife.org。
Thanks to Elizabeth Meister, who runs the site.
感谢该网站的运营者伊丽莎白·梅斯特 (Elizabeth Meister)。
This American Life is distributed by Public Radio International.
《美国生活》由国际公共广播电台发行。
[FUNDING CREDITS] WBEZ management oversight by Torey Malatia, who is alert, holding out his hands with his fingers outstretched, saying--
[资金来源] WBEZ 管理由托里·马拉蒂亚 (Torey Malatia) 负责监督，他很警惕，伸出手指，说道——
Feel the energy.
感受能量。
Ira Glass I'm Ira Glass, back next week with more stories of This American Life .
艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass） 我是艾拉·格拉斯（Ira Glass），下周回来，带来更多《美国生活》的故事。
The city is ours.
这座城市是我们的。
It is ours, ours, ours.
这是我们的，我们的，我们的。
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。