139: Ghosts of Elections Past - This American Life
You are using an outdated browser.
您正在使用过时的浏览器。
Please upgrade your browser or activate Google Chrome Frame to improve your experience.
请升级您的浏览器或激活 Google Chrome 浏览器内嵌框架以改善您的体验。
Sign up for a free Life Partners trial, and you can watch the video “A Night of Stories and Improv.”
注册免费试用《Life Partners》，您可以观看视频“故事与即兴表演之夜”。
00:00 00:00 Transcript Share This American Life Life Partners How to Listen Episodes Recommended About Overview Staff Announcements Fellowships Jobs Music Make Radio On The Road FAQ Submissions Merch Contact Us Our Other Shows Merch Follow Us Life Partners Subscribe to our newsletter Full episode Toggle Audio and Transcript Sync Transcript | Episode #139 | September 3, 1999 139: Ghosts of Elections Past Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard.
00:00 00:00 文字记录 分享此 美国生活 生活伙伴 如何收听 剧集 推荐 关于 概述 员工公告 奖学金 工作 音乐 在路上制作电台 常见问题解答 提交 商品 联系我们 我们的其他节目 商品 关注我们 生活伙伴 订阅我们的时事通讯 整集 切换音频和文字记录同步 文字记录 | 内容第 139 集 | 1999 年 9 月 3 日 139：选举的幽灵过去 注：《美国生活》是为耳朵而制作的，旨在让人们听到。
If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page.
如果可以的话，我们强烈建议您收听音频，其中包括页面上没有的情感和重点。
Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors.
文字记录是使用语音识别软件和人工转录员结合生成的，可能包含错误。
Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print.
请在印刷版引用前检查相应的音频。
Prologue Ira Glass Well election season is upon us again.
序言 Ira Glass Well 选举季节再次来临。
We've all already endured the news of the first Iowa straw poll.
我们都已经忍受了爱荷华州第一次民意调查的消息。
Ahead of us, 14 months of pondering the choice of presidential candidates who seem to excite nobody who you ever meet.
我们还需要 14 个月的时间来思考总统候选人的选择，而你所见过的人似乎都不会对他们的选择感到兴奋。
And it feels like, once again, all of us are left in a position where we want to feel inspired, we want to believe in something, and nobody is showing up to do the job.
感觉我们所有人都再次陷入了这样一个境地：我们想要受到启发，我们想要相信某些东西，但没有人出现来做这项工作。
And I find myself thinking about a candidate I met during the last presidential election.
我发现自己想起了我在上次总统选举中遇到的一位候选人。
This wasn't anybody who made it big.
这不是任何人做出大事的。
His name was Chuck Wojslaw.
他的名字叫查克·沃伊斯瓦夫。
He was a retired professor of electronics engineering running for office as a Republican in a mostly Democratic district of East San Jose.
他是一位退休的电子工程教授，作为共和党人在东圣何塞的民主党选区竞选公职。
I met him at the Republican National Convention in San Diego, standing in the afternoon sun, wearing a red, white, and blue bicentennial tie.
我在圣地亚哥的共和党全国代表大会上遇见了他，他站在午后的阳光下，系着红、白、蓝二百周年纪念领带。
He'd never run for office before this.
在此之前他从未竞选过公职。
And talking to him, you could tell.
与他交谈，你可以看出。
I mean, he was so much more emotionally present than any normal political candidate you meet.
我的意思是，他比你遇到的任何正常政治候选人都更加情绪化。
He looked you in the eye.
他看着你的眼睛。
When you asked him a question, he actually answered it.
当你问他问题时，他确实回答了。
And he had none of that robotic, not quite human, pod people affect that so many candidates end up having.
他没有像许多候选人最终拥有的那种机器人般的、不完全是人类的、豆荚人的影响。
I retired a tenured professorship to run for office.
我退休了终身教授职位去竞选公职。
So I could have been secure in academia as a tenured professor.
因此，作为一名终身教授，我本可以在学术界安稳地工作。
Then why are you doing this?
那你为什么要这样做呢？
Chuck Wojslaw I love my country.
查克·沃伊斯瓦夫 我爱我的国家。
I come from a really humble background.
我的出身非常卑微。
And my country, it has given me opportunity that all I had to do was take advantage of it.
而我的国家，它给了我机会，我所要做的就是利用它。
I'm the son of a coal miner.
我是煤矿工人的儿子。
Are you somebody who's always wanted to run for office?
您是一个一直想竞选公职的人吗？
You've always toyed with it in the back of your mind?
你心里一直在玩弄它吗？
No. Ira Glass When did the idea come into your head?
不是。 Ira Glass 你什么时候想到这个想法的？
Well, I had a family meeting.
嗯，我开了一个家庭会议。
My daughter and a son, they're grown, college educated, off on their own.
我的女儿和儿子，他们已经长大，受过大学教育，独自生活。
My wife and I got together and to my kids I says, it looks like I might want to take an early retirement.
我和妻子聚在一起，我对我的孩子们说，看来我可能想提前退休。
And so my daughter says, why don't you run for office?
所以我女儿说，你为什么不竞选公职呢？
And I says, you got to be kidding.
我说，你一定是在开玩笑。
And I says, do you know what is involved with running for office?
我说，你知道竞选公职涉及什么吗？
The mudslinging, and the long hours, and whatever.
诽谤、长时间工作等等。
Then, all of a sudden, my daughter came up to me, and this is what turned my mind, she says, this is our country.
然后，突然，我的女儿向我走来，这让我改变了主意，她说，这是我们的国家。
We love it.
我们喜欢它。
If not you, who then?
如果不是你，那又是谁呢？
If not you, who then?
如果不是你，那又是谁呢？
And that's when you decided?
那就是你决定的时候？
Chuck Wojslaw Yeah.
查克·沃伊斯瓦夫 是的。
He was spending $60,000 of his own retirement money to do this.
为此，他花费了自己的 6 万美元退休金。
And like a lot of people I met at the Republican Convention, what was most striking about Chuck Wojslaw was his idealism.
和我在共和党大会上遇到的很多人一样，查克·沃伊斯瓦夫最引人注目的是他的理想主义。
He seemed completely sincere about what he was doing.
他似乎对自己所做的事情完全真诚。
This is the puzzle of the American political system.
这是美国政治制度的困惑。
It's filled with lots of profoundly idealistic people working at all levels.
它充满了在各个级别工作的许多具有深刻理想主义精神的人。
And yet, it does not seem to produce idealistic candidates.
然而，它似乎并没有产生理想主义的候选人。
I mean, what's the most inspiring thing you've ever heard Al Gore say, or George Bush junior, or Elizabeth Dole?
我的意思是，你听过阿尔·戈尔、小乔治·布什或伊丽莎白·多尔说过的最鼓舞人心的话是什么？
Well, today on our radio program, as we head into another election season, to keep us all from feeling dispirited by the staged media events, the negative ads, the issues that have all been pretested in focus groups, we bring you stories of political idealists, stories to make us all feel some small sense of hope about politics in America.
好吧，今天在我们的广播节目中，当我们进入另一个选举季节时，为了让我们所有人不因精心策划的媒体事件、负面广告、焦点小组中预先测试过的问题而感到沮丧，我们为您带来政治理想主义者的故事，这些故事让我们所有人对美国政治感到一丝希望。
All of these stories taken from election coverage we did four years ago, here on This American Life .
所有这些故事都取自我们四年前在《美国生活》节目中所做的选举报道。
From WBEZ Chicago and Public Radio International, I'm Ira Glass.
我是来自 WBEZ 芝加哥和国际公共广播电台的 Ira Glass。
Act one of our show today, Upside Down World.
表演我们今天的节目之一，《颠倒的世界》。
We have a campaign diary from Michael Lewis from four years ago about a politician you'll be hearing a lot about in the next few weeks and months.
我们有一本迈克尔·刘易斯四年前的竞选日记，内容是关于一位政治家的，在接下来的几周和几个月里，你会经常听到他的消息。
And the story of a moment when the opposite of normal politics became normal politics.
以及正常政治的对立面成为正常政治的那一刻的故事。
Act Two, Kiss And Tell.
第二幕，亲吻并诉说。
A Walter Mondale voting, gay rights supporting, unrepentant liberal signs up as a Republican Party member and ends up a party functionary, a delegate to the state Republican convention, where he wreaks havoc.
沃尔特·蒙代尔（Walter Mondale）投票、支持同性恋权利、不悔改的自由派人士报名成为共和党成员，最终成为党内官员、州共和党代表大会的代表，并在那里造成了严重破坏。
Act Three, Pete and Repeat.
第三幕，皮特和重复。
How California Governor Pete Wilson's anti-immigrant policies found some supporters among immigrants themselves.
加州州长皮特·威尔逊的反移民政策如何在移民本身中找到一些支持者。
We hear an explanation of the profoundly idealistic notion of self-deportation.
我们听到了对自我放逐这一极其理想主义概念的解释。
Act Four, Throwing Money at the Problem.
第四幕，砸钱解决问题。
You may recall a bestselling book from a few years ago called, There Are No Children Here , about two boys growing up in Chicago's Henry Horner public housing projects.
您可能还记得几年前的一本畅销书，名为《这里没有孩子》，讲述了两个男孩在芝加哥亨利·霍纳公共住房项目中长大的故事。
Well those projects where across the street from the site of the 1996 Democratic Convention here in Chicago.
这些项目就在 1996 年芝加哥民主党大会会场的街对面。
And when the convention came to town, money poured in for a makeover of the neighborhood.
当大会来到镇上时，资金涌入，用于改造社区。
One of the kids from the book, now grown up, gave us a tour showing us what got fixed up, and how the real improvements in the neighborhood all happened beneath the normal political radar.
书中的一个孩子现在已经长大了，带我们参观了哪些地方得到了修复，以及社区的真正改善是如何在正常的政治雷达下发生的。
Stay with us.
留在我们身边。
Act One, Upside Down World.
第一幕，颠倒的世界。
We begin our program with this story of national politics as it is almost never practiced.
我们以这个几乎从未被实践过的国家政治故事开始我们的节目。
To Michael Lewis, his campaign diaries from the last presidential race, were some of the most evocative and original reporting anybody did.
对于迈克尔·刘易斯来说，他上次总统竞选的竞选日记是任何人所做过的最令人回味和原创的报道之一。
His stories were novelistic, often very funny.
他的故事很新颖，而且常常很有趣。
This next story, which was first published in the New Republic magazine put Arizona Senator John McCain on the map for a lot of people in a way that he had never been before.
下一个故事首次发表在《新共和》杂志上，让亚利桑那州参议员约翰·麦凯恩以一种前所未有的方式出现在很多人的视野中。
It coincided with and it boosted a rise to national notoriety for McCain, who of course has now become a Republican presidential candidate himself.
恰逢麦凯恩在全国范围内名声大噪，麦凯恩本人现在当然也成为了共和党总统候选人。
Here's Michael's dispatch.
这是迈克尔的快讯。
April the 19th, I leave my hotel earlier than I need to and walk down from the Washington Monument to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
4 月 19 日，我提前离开酒店，从华盛顿纪念碑步行到越战纪念碑。
Even at 7:30 in the morning, the mall is nearly deserted, the Lincoln Memorial empty.
即使是早上 7:30，商场也几乎空无一人，林肯纪念堂也空无一人。
The Vietnam Veterans Memorial, on the other hand, is teeming with people who appear to have up for hours, walking slowly along the length of the black marble slab bearing the names of the dead.
另一方面，越南退伍军人纪念馆挤满了似乎已经熬了几个小时的人们，沿着刻有死者名字的黑色大理石板缓慢行走。
For the next 20 minutes, I sit on a bench dodging bird droppings and waiting for Senator John McCain, who has agreed to meet me here.
在接下来的 20 分钟里，我坐在长凳上，躲避鸟粪，等待参议员约翰·麦凯恩，他同意在这里与我会面。
In my attempts to spot him at a distance, I can't help but notice how differently ordinary people behave from politicians.
当我试图远远地观察他时，我不禁注意到普通人的行为与政客的行为有多么不同。
Maybe 50 likely candidates pass through my line of vision, and not one of them could pass for a US senator at 100 paces.
也许有 50 名可能的候选人经过我的视线，但在 100 步的距离内，没有一个人能够成为美国参议员。
They comb their hair in public, scratch themselves, hold hands.
他们在公共场合梳头、抓伤自己、牵手。
At 8:00 on the button, McCain appears at my side, looking very senatorial except for a pair of outrageously wide, black aviator sunglasses with some undignified name, hobby, hippo stenciled on the earpiece.
按钮上的 8:00 时，麦凯恩出现在我身边，除了一副宽得离谱的黑色飞行员太阳镜外，麦凯恩出现在我身边，耳机上印着一些不雅观的名字、爱好、河马。
McCain is the Dole surrogate most in demand as a speaker around the country, and it's not hard to see why.
麦凯恩是全美最受欢迎的多尔代言人，其原因不难理解。
What matters most to the people who wish to see McCain speak for Dole is the formative experience that the two senators ostensible share.
对于那些希望看到麦凯恩代表多尔发言的人来说，最重要的是两位参议员表面上所分享的形成经历。
Both nearly died in a war.
两人都差点在战争中丧生。
Both endured indescribable pain and suffering.
两人都承受着难以形容的痛苦和磨难。
Dole's ordeal is at the center of his national campaign.
多尔的遭遇是他全国竞选活动的核心。
To some extent, it is his campaign.
在某种程度上，这是他的竞选活动。
McCain's trials are less known.
麦凯恩的审判鲜为人知。
On October 26, 1967, when he ejected out of his navy jet and into a North Vietnamese mob, McCain suffered two broken arms, a shattered knee and shoulder, and bayonet wounds in his ankle and groin.
1967 年 10 月 26 日，当麦凯恩从海军喷气机中弹射进入北越暴徒时，他的两条手臂骨折，膝盖和肩膀骨折，脚踝和腹股沟被刺刀刺伤。
Robert Timberg's gripping book, The Nightingale's Song , depicts McCain, two months later, in his first prison cell.
罗伯特·蒂姆伯格的扣人心弦的书《夜莺之歌》描绘了两个月后麦凯恩在他的第一间牢房里的情景。
McCain weighed less than 100 pounds.
麦凯恩的体重不到100磅。
His hair, flecked with gray since high school, was nearly snow white.
他的头发从高中起就开始花白，现在已经几乎雪白了。
Clots of food clung to his face, neck, hair, and beard.
他的脸、脖子、头发和胡须上都沾满了食物块。
His cheeks were sunken, his neck chicken like, his legs atrophied.
他的脸颊凹陷，脖子像鸡一样，双腿萎缩。
McCain survived in captivity without medical treatment for the next five years, enduring torture so exquisite that even to read about it causes sweat to pop out on your brow.
在接下来的五年里，麦凯恩在没有接受任何治疗的情况下在囚禁中幸存下来，忍受着如此严酷的酷刑，甚至读到它都会让你额头冒汗。
His captors would hang him by his broken arms from dangling ropes for hours on end, for instance.
例如，绑架者会用绳子吊着他断臂，连续吊几个小时。
But the astonishing part of McCain's experience was its voluntary aspect.
但麦凯恩的经历中令人惊讶的部分是其自愿的一面。
McCain is the third generation of a distinguished military family.
麦凯恩是显赫军人世家的第三代。
His father was an admiral during the Vietnam War.
他的父亲在越南战争期间是一名海军上将。
The North Vietnamese hoped that this famous prisoner of war would violate US military policy, which dictated that prisoners be returned in the order they arrived.
北越希望这位著名的战俘违反美国的军事政策，该政策规定囚犯按照到达的顺序返回。
If he accepted their offer of freedom, McCain would testify to the demoralization of the American troops.
如果麦凯恩接受他们提供的自由，他将证明美国军队士气低落。
For five and a half years, his captors tried torture him into going home.
五年半以来，绑架者一直试图折磨他回家。
For five and a half years, he refused to go.
五年半以来，他拒绝去。
We walk alongside the black granite slab against the oncoming traffic, then back again.
我们沿着黑色花岗岩板行走，迎着迎面驶来的车辆，然后又返回。
The Park Service says that the memorial has become the second most frequently visited site in Washington, after the Capitol.
公园管理局表示，该纪念馆已成为华盛顿第二大参观地点，仅次于国会大厦。
McCain admits that at first he found it depressing and even faintly antagonistic.
麦凯恩承认，一开始他觉得这很令人沮丧，甚至还有点敌意。
But one day, he was passing through on his own-- he visits often by himself-- and discovered a couple of veterans running their hands across the inscribed names.
但有一天，他独自路过——他经常亲自来访——发现几个退伍军人正在用手抚摸刻着的名字。
Clearly the two men had never met before, but they had fallen into conversation, swapped war stories, and in a few minutes we're clutching each other and weeping.
显然，这两个人以前从未见过面，但他们已经开始交谈，交换战争故事，几分钟后我们就抱在一起哭泣。
If that kind of healing goes on, says McCain, well, then it's a good thing.
麦凯恩说，如果这种治愈持续下去，那是一件好事。
Someone once said that an explanation is where the mind comes to rest.
有人曾经说过，解释是心灵休息的地方。
There's a feeling about McCain, one that seems lacking in Dole, that he has somehow explained his own experience to himself.
麦凯恩有一种感觉，而多尔似乎缺乏这种感觉，他以某种方式向自己解释了自己的经历。
He has assimilated his trauma differently than the candidate he's behind.
他对自己创伤的理解与他支持的候选人不同。
He says, this is the McCain theory, and I think it's valid.
他说，这是麦凯恩的理论，我认为它是有效的。
I was an adult when I was shot down, 31 years old.
我被击落时已经是成年人了，31岁。
I'd had a whole life.
我已经度过了一生。
He was 19.
他19岁。
What were you like when you were 19?
你19岁时是什么样的？
I believe that everything Bob Dole has done since the war was dictated by that experience.
我相信鲍勃·多尔自战争以来所做的一切都是由那段经历决定的。
The Vietnam veteran has achieved a kind of equanimity that is supposed to be reserved only for veterans of good wars.
这位越战老兵获得了一种只有参加过好战的老兵才能拥有的平静。
When Clinton arrived at the White House, for instance, McCain sent him a note saying that any time the President wished to walk down to the Vietnam's Veteran Memorial, the Senator from Arizona would be glad to walk alongside him.
例如，当克林顿抵达白宫时，麦凯恩给他发了一张便条，称每当总统希望步行前往越南退伍军人纪念碑时，来自亚利桑那州的参议员都会很乐意与他同行。
Clinton sent back a nice note.
克林顿发回了一封友好的便条。
Recalling this exchange causes McCain to break his rhythm.
回想起这段对话，麦凯恩打乱了自己的节奏。
We were walking back towards the bench, and McCain is limping slightly, like a high school football star.
我们走回替补席时，麦凯恩有点一瘸一拐，就像一个高中橄榄球明星。
He's remembering something else.
他想起了别的事。
I don't know if you want to write about this, he begins.
我不知道你是否想写这个，他开始说道。
Back in the mid-'80s, a guy who protested the war came into my office.
早在八十年代中期，一个抗议战争的人就走进了我的办公室。
He said his name was David Ifshin.
他说他的名字叫大卫·伊夫辛。
In December 1970, David Ifshin had led a group of American students to Hanoi, where he delivered an anti-war radio address to American soldiers engaged in attacks on North Vietnam.
1970 年 12 月，大卫·伊夫辛 (David Ifshin) 带领一群美国学生前往河内，向参与袭击北越的美国士兵发表反战广播讲话。
Like other anti-American propaganda, this program was piped into McCain's prison cell from 6:00 in the morning until 9:00 at night.
与其他反美宣传一样，该节目从早上 6:00 一直播放到晚上 9:00 到麦凯恩的牢房。
But McCain, who can generate anger in a heartbeat, shows not the faintest trace of resentment.
但一瞬间就能产生愤怒的麦凯恩却没有表现出一丝怨恨。
He explains, Ifshin stood in my office and he says, I came here to tell you, I made a mistake.
他解释说，伊夫辛站在我的办公室里说，我来这里是为了告诉你，我犯了一个错误。
I was wrong.
我错了。
And I'm sorry.
我很抱歉。
And I said to him, look, I accept your apology.
我对他说，听着，我接受你的道歉。
We'll be friends.
我们会成为朋友。
But, more importantly, I want you to forget it, go on with your life.
但更重要的是，我希望你忘记它，继续你的生活。
You cannot look back.
你不能回头。
Here he pauses, and I figure he's finished.
说到这里他停了下来，我想他已经说完了。
But he's groping behind his aviator sunglasses for the point of his anecdote.
但他正在飞行员墨镜后面摸索着他的轶事的要点。
That forgiveness is ultimately less self-destructive than the bitter desire for revenge, or perhaps that there's no such thing as revenge.
与强烈的复仇欲望相比，这种宽恕最终不会造成自我毁灭，或者也许根本不存在复仇这回事。
Five months ago, David Ifshin was diagnosed with cancer.
五个月前，大卫·伊夫辛被诊断出患有癌症。
The cancer has proved untreatable and has spread rapidly.
事实证明，这种癌症无法治愈，并且扩散迅速。
David Ifshin is now dying.
大卫·伊夫辛现在快要死了。
He's 47 years old and has a wife and three young children.
他今年 47 岁，有妻子和三个年幼的孩子。
Says McCain, when I heard about it, it did pass through my mind.
麦凯恩说，当我听说这件事时，它确实闪现在我的脑海中。
Suppose I had told David Ifshin to get the hell out of my office?
假设我告诉大卫·伊夫辛滚出我的办公室怎么办？
How would I feel about myself now?
我现在对自己感觉如何？
April 23rd, I'm walking out the door of my Washington apartment, on my way to find David Ifshin, when John McCain calls.
4 月 23 日，当约翰·麦凯恩 (John McCain) 打来电话时，我正走出华盛顿公寓的大门，准备去找大卫·伊夫辛 (David Ifshin)。
I made the mistake of telling his press secretary what I'm up to, and she's passed it along to the senator, who is seriously concerned.
我错误地告诉了他的新闻秘书我在做什么，她把这件事转达给了参议员，他对此表示严重关切。
He says, look, I don't mean to insult you but be careful with this.
他说，听着，我不是有意侮辱你，但要小心。
If you wrote anything that hurt David, or Gail, or the kids, I'd never forgive myself.
如果你写了任何伤害大卫、盖尔或孩子们的东西，我永远不会原谅自己。
I'd forgive you, but I wouldn't forgive myself.
我会原谅你，但我不会原谅自己。
It's a half hour drive out of Washington to the Ifshin's house in the Maryland suburbs, where I find a gaunt, bearded man stretched out on a patio lounge chair, attended by his wife Gail.
从华盛顿出发，驱车半小时到达马里兰州郊区伊夫辛的家，在那里我发现一个憔悴、留着胡须的男人躺在露台躺椅上，由他的妻子盖尔陪伴。
This afternoon, he's tired, and his voice is barely audible as he sketches his political career.
今天下午，他很累，在讲述自己的政治生涯时，声音几乎听不见。
The cover of Life Magazine of April 23, 1971 shows David Ifshin, age 22, at a war rally wearing a collegiate goatee.
1971 年 4 月 23 日《生活》杂志的封面上，22 岁的大卫·伊夫辛 (David Ifshin) 在一次战争集会上留着大学山羊胡。
He's standing directly behind Jane Fonda, who has her fist raised.
他就站在简·方达的正后方，简·方达举起了拳头。
After his war protest, he worked on a kibbutz.
抗议战争后，他在基布兹工作。
But when he returned to America, he also returned in national politics.
但当他回到美国后，他也重返国家政治。
He went on to work on the Mondale campaign and, to a storm of protest, was even tapped to head the Dukakis transition team.
他继续为蒙代尔竞选活动工作，在强烈的抗议声中，他甚至被任命为杜卡基斯过渡团队的负责人。
He spent 10 years as general counsel to AIPAC, the Israeli lobby.
他在以色列游说团体 AIPAC 担任了 10 年的总法律顾问。
He'd met Clinton briefly in 1972.
1972 年，他曾与克林顿短暂会面。
20 years later, when Clinton ran for President, Ifshin became general counsel for his campaign.
20 年后，当克林顿竞选总统时，伊夫辛成为其竞选活动的总法律顾问。
Before he accepted the job however, he told Clinton he'd been attacked for his war record each time he'd joined a presidential campaign.
然而，在接受这份工作之前，他告诉克林顿，每次参加总统竞选时，他都会因为战争记录而受到攻击。
He says, I brought it up with Clinton deliberately.
他说，我故意向克林顿提出这件事。
And he said, he knew what I'd done, and he admired it then, and that he still admired it now.
他说，他知道我做了什么，他当时很钦佩，现在仍然钦佩。
These days, Clinton calls Ifshin two or three times each week, even when he's traveling.
如今，克林顿每周都会给伊夫辛打电话两到三次，即使他在旅行时也是如此。
A few months ago, the Ifshin family spent the night in the Lincoln Bedroom.
几个月前，伊夫辛一家在林肯卧室过夜。
In pictures of Clinton playing with the Ifshin children, the President's ruddy good health seems almost obscene besides Ifshin's drawn face.
在克林顿与伊夫辛孩子们玩耍的照片中，除了伊夫辛憔悴的脸之外，总统红润的健康状况看起来几乎是可憎的。
Yet, when I called him , David Ifshin did not hesitate to rise to the occasion.
然而，当我给他打电话时，大卫·伊夫辛毫不犹豫地挺身而出。
He says, I'm very proud of this story, and it's never been written.
他说，我对这个故事感到非常自豪，而且它从未被写下来。
I ask him about his feelings towards McCain.
我问他对麦凯恩的感受。
He says, one of our true, political heroes.
他说，我们真正的政治英雄之一。
He's a giant.
他是一个巨人。
Ifshin's version of their story differs from McCain's in its important details and in its spirit.
伊夫辛的故事版本与麦凯恩的版本在重要细节和精神上有所不同。
The way McCain tells it, Ifshin is the hero.
按照麦凯恩的说法，伊夫辛是英雄。
He decided he made a mistake and bravely took responsibility for his actions.
他认定自己犯了错误，并勇敢地为自己的行为承担责任。
The way Ifshin tells is, McCain is the hero.
按照伊夫辛的说法，麦凯恩是英雄。
As I listen to him, I realize that this is the reverse of the usual Washington investigation, in which the reporter visits each interested party to collect the dirt on the adversary.
当我听他讲话时，我意识到这与华盛顿通常的调查相反，在华盛顿调查中，记者走访每一个相关方，收集对手的丑闻。
Here is a case where each is needed to explain the other's nobility of spirit.
在这个例子中，双方都需要解释对方精神的高贵性。
I've never heard two political allies, much less two political opponents, cast each other in a more flattering light.
我从来没有听说过两个政治盟友，更不用说两个政治对手，对彼此给予更奉承的态度了。
Ifshin begins, I'd always wanted to apologize but didn't know who to apologize to.
Ifshin 开始说，我一直想道歉，但不知道该向谁道歉。
His moment to act, he decided, came at an AIPAC meeting around 1986 at the Washington Hilton.
他决定，1986 年左右在华盛顿希尔顿酒店举行的 AIPAC 会议是他采取行动的时机。
Ifshin spotted Senator John McCain at a distance and decided that he was the man who deserved the apology.
伊夫辛远远地看到了参议员约翰·麦凯恩，并认为他是应该道歉的人。
Ifshin says, I hoisted up my courage and went over to him.
伊夫辛说，我鼓起勇气走向他。
And before I could get a word out, McCain says, I owe you an apology.
在我开口说话之前，麦凯恩说，我欠你一个道歉。
A couple of years earlier, during the 1984 presidential campaign, McCain had given a speech in which he attacked the Ifshin's war record.
几年前，在 1984 年总统竞选期间，麦凯恩曾发表演讲，攻击伊夫辛的战争记录。
Basically, someone had handed him a script, says Ifshin, and he read it.
伊夫辛说，基本上，有人递给他一份剧本，他读了它。
He was sorry he did it and said, he wouldn't do that kind of thing again.
他很后悔自己做了这样的事，并说他不会再做这样的事了。
Then he asked me to stop by his office, which I did.
然后他让我去他的办公室，我照做了。
And normally wouldn't do.
通常不会这样做。
It was blind fate, I told him at that time.
这是盲目的命运，我当时告诉他。
I said, I showed you an apology, and you robbed me of the chance to make it.
我说，我向你道歉了，你却剥夺了我道歉的机会。
And he was characteristically modest and humble about it.
他对此表现出一贯的谦虚和谦逊。
Later that year, McCain and Ifshin, together with a Vietnamese emigre named Doan Van Toai, established The Institute for Democracy in Vietnam.
同年晚些时候，麦凯恩和伊夫辛与越南侨民段文泰 (Doan Van Toai) 一起成立了越南民主研究所。
Ifshin shifts painfully in his chair and stops to catch his breath.
伊夫辛在椅子上痛苦地动了动，然后停下来喘口气。
It was at the Vietnam's Veteran Memorial that, what he calls, the second half of the story with McCain began.
他所说的麦凯恩故事的后半部分就是在越南退伍军人纪念碑开始的。
On Memorial Day of 1993, Bill Clinton spoke at the site.
1993 年阵亡将士纪念日，比尔·克林顿在现场发表讲话。
Both McCain and Ifshin were present.
麦凯恩和伊夫辛都在场。
Clinton was cheered loudly.
克林顿大声欢呼。
He was also heckled.
他也被质问了。
And one of the hecklers waved a sign that said, tell us about Ifshin.
其中一名质问者挥舞着一块牌子，上面写着“告诉我们关于伊夫辛的事”。
Four weeks later, Ifshin found himself on a flight to Washington with McCain, who motioned for him to take the seat beside him.
四个星期后，伊夫辛发现自己与麦凯恩一起飞往华盛顿，麦凯恩示意他坐在他旁边。
Ifshin says, he asked why I hadn't taken a job in the administration.
伊夫辛说，他问我为什么没有在政府部门工作。
I said this and that.
我说这说那。
We played 20 questions until, finally, he said, it's because of that stupid sign isn't it?
我们玩了 20 个问题，直到最后，他说，这是因为那个愚蠢的标志，不是吗？
And I said, yes, partly it was.
我说，是的，部分是这样。
And he said, come to my office tomorrow morning, and we'll settle this thing, once and for all.
他说，明天早上到我办公室来，我们会一劳永逸地解决这件事。
The next day, June 30th, 1993, David Ifshin turned up in John McCain's office in the Russell Senate Office Building to find that the senator had drafted a letter, which he entered later that day in the Congressional Record.
第二天，即 1993 年 6 月 30 日，大卫·伊夫辛 (David Ifshin) 出现在拉塞尔参议院办公大楼约翰·麦凯恩 (John McCain) 的办公室，发现这位参议员起草了一封信，并于当天晚些时候将其记入国会记录。
It began by praising Clinton's Memorial Day address on behalf of Vietnam's veterans.
它首先赞扬克林顿代表越南退伍军人在阵亡将士纪念日发表的讲话。
The veterans, McCain wrote, were very impressed by Clinton's determination to offer an eloquent tribute to their service, when it would have been far easier for him to avoided the event altogether.
麦凯恩写道，退伍军人们对克林顿决心向他们的服务表示雄辩的敬意印象深刻，而对他来说，完全避免参加这一活动本来会容易得多。
McCain decried the behavior of the protesters.
麦凯恩谴责抗议者的行为。
Then he moved on.
然后他继续前进。
Among the demonstrators that day, one individual held a sign, which asked the President to explain his association with the person known to many of our colleagues, Mr. David Ifshin.
那天的示威者中，有人举着标语，要求总统解释他与我们许多同事都认识的大卫·伊夫辛先生的关系。
Tell us about Ifshin, it read.
告诉我们关于伊夫辛的事，上面写着。
My other purpose in speaking today is to do just that.
我今天讲话的另一个目的就是做到这一点。
I want to talk about David Ifshin.
我想谈谈大卫·伊夫辛。
David Ifshin is my friend.
大卫·伊夫辛是我的朋友。
This declaration may come as a shock to those people whose perception of David was-- [AUDIO TRAILS OFF]
这个声明可能会让那些对大卫有这样看法的人感到震惊——[音频减弱]
Well, in the weeks after that was published, David Ifshin died, and John McCain became a leading Vice Presidential contender, after Jack Kemp.
好吧，在那篇文章发表后的几周内，大卫·伊夫辛去世，约翰·麦凯恩成为继杰克·坎普之后副总统的主要竞争者。
It was John McCain who nominated Bob Dole, gave the speech for that at the Republican National Convention.
约翰·麦凯恩提名鲍勃·多尔，并在共和党全国代表大会上发表演讲。
And Michael Lewis ran into McCain on election day.
迈克尔·刘易斯在选举日遇到了麦凯恩。
It was funny, at the Dole campaign, everywhere you went with the Dole campaign, senators and governors would come out of the woodwork, because they wanted to have their picture taken, show support, all the rest until the final day.
有趣的是，在多尔竞选活动中，无论你走到哪里，参议员和州长都会突然出现，因为他们想要拍照，表示支持，剩下的一切直到最后一天。
And they all cleared out.
他们都散场了。
No senators or governors were traveling with them.
没有参议员或州长与他们同行。
There was one person at his side, and it was John McCain.
他身边有一个人，那就是约翰·麦凯恩。
And I was in Russell, Kansas when the Dole campaign came through.
当多尔竞选活动开始时，我正在堪萨斯州拉塞尔。
I noticed this.
我注意到了这一点。
I saw McCain off to one side.
我看到麦凯恩在一侧。
He'd been with Dole all day.
他一整天都和多尔在一起。
And I went up to talk to him.
我就上去和他说话。
And he said to me, almost apologetically, he said, you know I wouldn't be here if I thought he was going to win.
他几乎带着歉意地对我说，你知道，如果我认为他会赢，我就不会在这里了。
And I knew that.
我知道这一点。
I mean, he was there, because he knew that it was Dole's time of need.
我的意思是，他在那里，因为他知道这是多尔需要帮助的时候。
And it was time for someone to step up.
是时候有人站出来了。
And this is what's so curious about McCain.
这就是麦凯恩令人好奇的地方。
I mean, I think that he continually, as I cover this campaign-- I was new to politics when I came into this campaign.
我的意思是，我认为他一直在报道这次竞选活动时——当我参加这次竞选活动时，我对政治还是个新手。
I had never written about politics.
我从来没有写过关于政治的文章。
I found that McCain restored my faith in the process again and again.
我发现麦凯恩一次又一次地恢复了我对这个过程的信心。
It was something about his-- how should I put it-- it was his willingness to stick his neck out for a losing or an unpopular cause that was so different from most of the people who do what he does for a living.
这是关于他的——我该怎么说——是他愿意为了失败或不受欢迎的事业而冒着生命危险，这与大多数以他为生的人截然不同。
So different from the ordinary political attitude that it was refreshing and inspiring.
与平常的政治态度截然不同，令人耳目一新，鼓舞人心。
Michael Lewis, his campaign diaries from the 1996 race are collected in his book, Trail Fever .
迈克尔·刘易斯 (Michael Lewis) 1996 年比赛的竞选日记收录在他的书《Trail Fever》中。
John McCain is now running for the Republican presidential nomination.
约翰·麦凯恩现在正在竞选共和党总统提名。
Act Two, Kiss and Tell.
第二幕，亲吻和诉说。
Now this story of political idealism, political activism, and political deceit.
现在这是一个关于政治理想主义、政治行动主义和政治欺骗的故事。
Hello, my name is Dan Savage, and I am the Republican Party in my neighborhood.
大家好，我叫丹·萨维奇，是我家附近的共和党人。
I am the Republican Precinct Committee Officer, PCO, for precinct 1846 in the 43rd district in Seattle, Washington.
我是华盛顿州西雅图第 43 选区 1846 选区的共和党选区委员会官员 (PCO)。
If you have any questions about the Republican Party, our platform, or any of our candidates, feel free to give me a call.
如果您对共和党、我们的纲领或我们的任何候选人有任何疑问，请随时给我打电话。
Now, I should point out here that Dan Savage is not just a Republican precinct committee officer, he's also a gay sex columnist, a drag queen, and someone who agrees with none of the principles of the Republican Party.
现在，我应该在这里指出，丹·萨维奇不仅是共和党选区委员会官员，他还是同性恋专栏作家、变装皇后，而且是一个不同意共和党任何原则的人。
Now you're probably wondering how a commie-pinko, drag-fag, sex advice columnist found a home in the hate mongering, gay bashing, neo-fascist Republican Party.
现在你可能想知道，一个粉红党、变装癖、性建议专栏作家是如何在散布仇恨、抨击同性恋、新法西斯主义的共和党中找到立足之地的。
Well, let me tell you something pal.
好吧，让我告诉你一些事情吧朋友。
The Republican Party is a big tent, a huge tent.
共和党是一个大帐篷，一个巨大的帐篷。
There were no ideological litmus tests at the Republican Party caucuses or conventions that I attended.
我参加的共和党党团会议或大会上没有意识形态的试金石。
I didn't have to produce a voter registration card or a picture ID even in my very first caucus.
即使在我的第一次党团会议中，我也不需要出示选民登记卡或带照片的身份证件。
A measure, I believe, of the respect the Republican Party has for the rights of the individual.
我认为，这是共和党对个人权利尊重的衡量标准。
I just walked through the door, signed on the dotted line.
我刚走进门，在虚线上签名。
Dan Savage certifies that he she considers himself herself a Republican, and that was it.
丹·萨维奇证明他认为自己是共和党人，仅此而已。
Who knew that going over to the dark side could be so a simple.
谁知道走向黑暗面会如此简单。
OK, here's the story.
好的，故事就是这样。
Back when Pat Buchanan was posting first and second place showings in Republican primaries this year, Dan Savage got it into his head that the only way to change a political party, that he not only disagreed with but also hated and feared, was to sign up and change it from the inside.
当帕特·布坎南（Pat Buchanan）今年在共和党初选中取得第一和第二名时，丹·萨维奇（Dan Savage）就想到，改变一个他不仅不同意而且讨厌和害怕的政党的唯一方法就是加入并从内部改变它。
So he showed up at his local Republican caucus, which in the 43rd is a small group of Republican holdovers in a big gay neighborhood.
因此，他出现在了当地的共和党核心小组中，该小组在 43 日举行，是一个大型同性恋社区中的一小群共和党保留者。
And at this point his story took a surprising turn.
就在这时，他的故事发生了令人惊讶的转折。
Once he arrived, he found out that because he was the only person from the little precinct that he lives in, each caucus is divided up into a lot of little precincts, because of that he was automatically made a precinct committee officer.
到了之后才发现，因为自己是自己居住的这个小辖区里唯一的人，所以每个党团又被分成了很多个小辖区，所以他就自动被任命为辖区委员了。
And then automatically won a seat at the county Republican convention.
然后自动赢得了县共和党大会的席位。
Well, he wrote up the experience that he had at the caucus in the most damning, partisan tone humanly possible and published it in the paper.
好吧，他用人类所能想到的最严厉、最党派的语气写下了他在党团会议上的经历，并将其发表在报纸上。
But, as he found out, his adventure had barely begun.
但是，正如他发现的那样，他的冒险才刚刚开始。
A couple of weeks after I'd traveled over to the dark side, Daniel Mead Smith, Chairman of the 43rd Republican Party, wrote me a letter.
在我走向黑暗面几周后，第 43 届共和党主席丹尼尔·米德·史密斯给我写了一封信。
I think you'll be surprised that the hate mongering, gay bashing, neo-fascist, Republican Party does not exist in the 43rd, Smith wrote.
史密斯写道，我想你会感到惊讶的是，43 世纪并不存在仇恨传播、同性恋攻击、新法西斯主义和共和党。
I invite you to come to one of our meetings and see for yourself.
我邀请您参加我们的一次会议并亲眼看看。
So I went to one of Smith's meetings to see for myself, the 43rd district Republican caucus.
于是我去参加了史密斯的一次会议，亲眼目睹了第 43 区共和党核心小组的情况。
I arrived at the Montlake Community Center for the 1996, 43rd district, Republican caucuses at 8:00 AM.
我于上午 8:00 抵达蒙特莱克社区中心，参加 1996 年第 43 区共和党党团会议。
I paid my $5, signed in, grabbed a seat, and waited for the work to begin.
我付了 5 美元，登录，找了个座位，然后等待工作开始。
We were there to elect delegates to the state Republican convention coming up Memorial Day weekend and vote on non-binding resolutions.
我们在那里选举即将到来的阵亡将士纪念日周末举行的州共和党大会的代表，并对不具约束力的决议进行投票。
The caucus began with a prayer.
党团会议以祈祷开始。
We ask God to guide us in selecting delegates.
我们祈求上帝引导我们选择代表。
And then we were ready to pledge allegiance to the Flag.
然后我们准备向国旗宣誓效忠。
Only trouble was, no one brought a flag.
唯一的问题是，没有人带旗帜。
I thought about suggesting we pledge allegiance to the fag, hey that's me, but I didn't want to be disruptive.
我想过建议我们宣誓效忠同性恋，嘿，那就是我，但我不想造成破坏。
Someone found some red, white, and blue bunting in the back room, tossed it over an easel, and we pledged allegiance to that.
有人在后面的房间里发现了一些红、白、蓝的彩旗，把它扔到画架上，我们宣誓效忠。
The easel was needed post-pledge, so the red, white, and blue bunting, to which we had just pledged our allegiance, was tossed on the floor.
宣誓后需要画架，所以我们刚刚宣誓效忠的红、白、蓝彩旗被扔在地板上。
We had to elect delegates, before we could get to the resolutions.
在达成决议之前，我们必须选举代表。
I won't bore you with the Robert's Rules of Order stuff, or the impossibly convoluted process by which the 80 of us is that cramped, steeple-roofed, fluorescent lit room elected 17 delegates to the state Republican convention.
我不会让你厌烦罗伯特议事规则的内容，或者我们 80 个人在那个狭窄的、尖顶屋顶的、荧光灯照明的房间里选出 17 名代表参加州共和党大会的复杂过程。
Suffice to say, it was crushing dull.
可以说，这实在是太沉闷了。
To entertain us while we waited for the ballots to be counted four times, Republican Party activists and candidates gave little speeches.
在我们等待四次计票的同时，为了娱乐我们，共和党活动人士和候选人很少发表演讲。
Some of these speeches were pure fantasy.
其中一些演讲纯粹是幻想。
One woman read a prepared speech about the United Nations working in concert with abortionists to take over the country.
一名妇女宣读了一份事先准备好的演讲，内容是联合国与堕胎者合作接管该国。
The other recurring fantasy had to do with us, 43rd district Republicans, retaking the 43rd for the Republican party.
另一个反复出现的幻想与我们，第 43 选区的共和党人，为共和党夺回第 43 选区有关。
One man reminisced about the time, not too long ago, when the 43rd was a solidly Republican district.
一名男子回忆起不久前的那段时光，当时第 43 区还是一个坚定的共和党选区。
We can make this district Republican again, just like it was when I joined the party 25 years ago.
我们可以让这个选区再次成为共和党人，就像 25 年前我入党时一样。
All we have to do is get out there and doorbell, and identify the voters in this district who are sympathetic to our issues.
我们所要做的就是出去按门，找出该选区同情我们问题的选民。
Heart pounding, I stuck my hand in the air.
我的心猛烈地跳动，我把手举在空中。
Have any of you been out of the house or walked down Broadway in the last 25 years, I asked, standing and looking around at the toughest crowd I've probably ever played.
“在过去的 25 年里，你们中有人走出过家门，或者走过百老汇吗？”我问道，站着，环顾四周，看着我可能玩过的最艰难的人群。
The 43rd district, I pointed out, had gone all gay, all of the sudden.
我指出，第 43 区突然间变得同性恋了。
So long as the Republican Party was identified with homophobes and anti-gay bigot activists, the Republican Party could kiss the 43rd district goodbye.
只要共和党被视为仇视同性恋者和反同性恋偏执者，共和党就可以与第 43 选区吻别。
When I sat down a little old lady sitting behind me pointed out that she knew a very nice gay couple in the Republican Party.
当我坐下时，坐在我后面的一位小老太太指出，她在共和党认识一对非常好的同性恋夫妇。
In other words, she, and by extension the Party, was not homophobic.
换句话说，她以及整个党并不仇视同性恋。
And I was wrong.
我错了。
She said to me, the Party isn't against gay people.
她对我说，党并不反对同性恋。
That's just a false impression you have.
那只是你的错误印象。
Gee, I wonder where I could have picked up that false impression, maybe from Jesse Helms, Bob Dornan, Bob $1,000 Dole, anti-gay rights rallies in Iowa during the primaries attended by all the Republican presidential hopefuls even moderate Lamar Alexander, Pat Robertson, Ralph Reed, Newt Gingrich, Linda Smith, Ellen Craswell, Spokane county corner Dexter Amend, the Washington State Legislature, state legislatures all across the country, the Christian Coalition--
哎呀，我想知道我从哪里得到了这种错误的印象，也许是从杰西·赫尔姆斯、鲍勃·多南、鲍勃 1000 美元多尔、爱荷华州初选期间的反同性恋权利集会中得到的，所有共和党总统候选人都参加了，甚至温和派拉马尔·亚历山大、帕特·罗伯逊、拉尔夫·里德、纽特·金里奇、琳达·史密斯、艾伦·克拉斯韦尔、斯波坎县角落德克斯特·修正、华盛顿州立法机关、州全国各地的立法机关，基督教联盟——
During a break, an attractive, middle aged man approached me.
休息时，一位英俊的中年男子向我走来。
He was a little angry.
他有点生气。
I was offended by you forcing me to take responsibility for Jesse Helms.
你强迫我对杰西·赫尔姆斯负责，这让我很生气。
As if the Republican Party isn't responsible for Jesse Helms.
好像共和党不对杰西·赫尔姆斯负责。
One woman wanted to know why she should support gay people, since gay people didn't support her when her home was burned down by arsonists.
一名妇女想知道为什么她应该支持同性恋者，因为当她的家被纵火犯烧毁时，同性恋者并不支持她。
The arsonists weren't gay or anything, but where were gay people when she needed them.
纵火犯不是同性恋什么的，但当她需要同性恋时，他们在哪里？
Another pointed out that some gays had broken the windows of the Republican Party headquarters, so who's oppressing who?
还有人指出，一些同性恋者打破了共和党总部的窗户，到底是谁在压迫谁？
Another man took me aside during a break to let me know that the gay bashing within the Republican Party wasn't for real.
休息时，另一个男人把我拉到一边，让我知道共和党内部的同性恋攻击并不是真的。
It was only to get out the vote and motivate the frontlines.
这只是为了获得选票并激励前线人员。
Well then, I guess that makes it OK.
那么，我想这样就可以了。
I'm happy to be vilified, and scapegoated, and denied my civil rights so long as it motivates people to go to the polls.
我很高兴被诽谤、成为替罪羊、并被剥夺我的公民权利，只要它能激励人们去投票。
Disenfranchisement is a small price to pay to increase voter turnout.
剥夺选举权是提高选民投票率所付出的一个很小的代价。
To his surprise, at this meeting, Dan Savage talked the caucus into approving a resolution that affirmed the rights of gays and lesbians, and rejected elements of the party who would exploit fear and hatred of homosexuals for short term political gain.
令他惊讶的是，在这次会议上，丹·萨维奇说服核心小组批准一项确认男女同性恋权利的决议，并拒绝党内利用对同性恋者的恐惧和仇恨来获取短期政治利益的人。
He could not wait, after this victory, to get to the county convention.
这场胜利之后，他迫不及待地想要参加县代表大会。
As an official delegate, Dan Savage would be allowed to vote there, he'd be allowed to make amendments, he'd really be allowed to play a role.
作为正式代表，丹·萨维奇将被允许在那里投票，他将被允许做出修正案，他将真正被允许发挥作用。
He planned to vote in the straw polls they have at these things for the most conservative Republican candidates.
他计划在这些问题上进行的民意调查中投票给最保守的共和党候选人。
In this case, Pat Buchanan for President and for the Governor of Washington State, he was going to vote for Ellen Craswell, who opposes gun control, and gay rights, and moral decay, and who he loathes.
在这种情况下，帕特·布坎南竞选总统和华盛顿州州长，他将投票给艾伦·克拉斯韦尔，她反对枪支管制、同性恋权利和道德败坏，也是他所厌恶的人。
Dan Savage's thinking was that the more extreme the Republican ticket would end up being, the more likely they would lose in the general election, and the more likely that the Party would eventually abandon this more conservative wing.
丹·萨维奇（Dan Savage）的想法是，共和党选票最终越极端，他们在大选中失败的可能性就越大，而该党最终放弃这个更为保守的派系的可能性也越大。
A few weeks later, the big day arrived, the King County Republican Convention.
几周后，重要的一天到来了，金县共和党大会。
My first major party function, hats, speeches, amendments.
我的第一个主要政党活动、帽子、演讲、修正案。
I bounded out of bed at 7:00 AM-- ew-- and ran to meet my new friend Steve at the QFC on Broadway.
我早上 7:00 起床——呃——跑到百老汇 QFC 去见我的新朋友史蒂夫。
Steve attended his precinct caucuses way back in March with the intention of getting himself elected a delegate to the county and state Republican conventions.
史蒂夫早在三月份就参加了他的选区党团会议，目的是让自己当选为县和州共和党大会的代表。
Like me, he joined the Republican Party out of a sincere desire to move the GOP to the center.
和我一样，他加入共和党是出于将共和党推向中间的真诚愿望。
Kindred spirits, we decided to attend the county convention together.
志同道合的我们决定一起参加县大会。
The doors opened at 7:30 AM.
早上 7:30 开门。
After the crowd settled down, a preacher read an alarming opening invocation, which pretty much set the tone for what was to come.
人群安静下来后，一位传教士宣读了令人震惊的开场祷文，这几乎为接下来的事情定下了基调。
Please forgive our leaders for endorsing perversion, and God deliver us from some spineless compromise.
请原谅我们的领导人支持变态，愿上帝让我们摆脱一些毫无骨气的妥协。
Then we bellowed the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America.
然后我们向美利坚合众国国旗宣誓效忠。
I slipped up to the merchandise tables on the second floor, where I bought myself a red, white, and blue Craswell for Governor hat.
我溜到二楼的商品柜台前，给自己买了一顶红、白、蓝色的克拉斯韦尔州长帽。
It must've been fate.
这一定是命运。
On my way back down from the merchandise tables, I ran smack dab into Ellen Craswell herself.
在我从商品台走下来的路上，我撞见了艾伦·克拉斯韦尔本人。
I said, hello.
我说，你好。
And looking very serious in my little red, white, and blue hat asked, what are we going to do about the homosexual problem Ms. Craswell?
戴着我的红、白、蓝小帽子的表情非常严肃地问道，克拉斯韦尔女士，我们要对同性恋问题做些什么？
What is the final solution to all this homosexual nonsense?
所有这些同性恋废话的最终解决方案是什么？
So long as they stay inside, we can let them alone, Ellen Craswell confided in me.
“只要他们待在里面，我们就可以放过他们，”艾伦·克拉斯韦尔向我吐露道。
But when they organize and demand special rights, we must oppose them.
但当他们组织起来并要求特殊权利时，我们就必须反对他们。
We can't give special rights to something that is an abomination in the eyes of God.
我们不能给予上帝眼中可憎之物特殊的权利。
Now, Ellen didn't seem interested in elaborating on just what it is we're supposed to stay inside of.
现在，艾伦似乎没有兴趣详细说明我们应该呆在里面的是什么。
The closet, are apartments, the priesthood?
壁橱、公寓、神职人员？
So I said, goodbye, promising to vote for her in the primary.
所以我说再见，并承诺在初选时投票给她。
You see, the better Ellen does in the primary, the better the Democratic candidate for governor will do in the fall.
你看，艾伦在初选中表现越好，民主党州长候选人在秋季的表现就越好。
I made it back to the convention floor just in time for the opening debate on the party platform.
我回到会议厅，正好赶上党政纲的开幕辩论。
The King County Republican platform is a document drawn up by committee that lays out what the King County Republican Party stands for.
金县共和党政纲是一份由委员会起草的文件，阐述了金县共和党的主张。
And here's the beautiful part.
这是最美妙的部分。
Delegates are allowed to propose amendments.
代表可以提出修正案。
Once an amendment is proposed, the amendment's sponsor is allowed to speak, followed by a few people in favor, a few opposed.
一旦提出修正案，修正案的提案者就可以发言，然后是少数人赞成，少数人反对。
After that, the sponsor gets another minute or so to address the floor.
之后，发起人还有一分钟左右的时间发言。
I was a delegate.
我是代表。
I had amendments.
我有修改。
And so I would get to address the convention over, and over, and over again.
所以我会一遍又一遍地在大会上发言。
And, as amendments are time consuming, determined delegates can grind the convention to a halt.
而且，由于修正案非常耗时，意志坚定的代表们可能会迫使大会陷入停顿。
The first section we were to vote on was the preamble, in which we acknowledged God to be our creator, and the family is the foundation of our culture.
我们要投票的第一部分是序言，其中我们承认上帝是我们的创造者，家庭是我们文化的基础。
We embraced free markets, recognized that tax and regulatory burdens are a threat to our freedoms, yada, yada, yada.
我们拥抱自由市场，认识到税收和监管负担对我们的自由构成威胁，耶达，耶达，耶达。
Before we could vote on the preamble, and it hadn't occurred to me to amend the preamble, a delegate propose that a line be added stating that the Party was open to all who accept its basic principles regardless of race, religion, sex, or national origin.
在我们对序言进行投票之前（我没有想到要修改序言），一位代表提议添加一行，表明该党向所有接受其基本原则的人开放，无论种族、宗教、性别或国籍。
After debate, the first resolution of the day passed by a distressingly narrow margin.
经过辩论，当天的第一项决议以令人痛苦的微弱优势通过。
Race, creed, sex, national origin, something was missing.
种族、信仰、性别、国籍，总有些东西缺失了。
Steve approached the microphone and proposed that the just passed amendment also be amended to include the words sexual orientation.
史蒂夫走近麦克风，提议对刚刚通过的修正案也进行修改，加入“性取向”一词。
Well, Steve's amendment was soundly defeated by voice vote that, though untabulated, sounded to me like a 1,589 to 11.
好吧，史蒂夫的修正案被口头投票彻底否决了，虽然没有列表，但对我来说听起来像是 1,589 比 11。
Then the liberty section was up for a vote.
然后自由部分进行投票。
I dashed to a microphone, wearing my Ellen Craswell hat, and proposed this amendment.
我戴着艾伦·克拉斯韦尔的帽子，冲向麦克风，提出了这项修正案。
As respect for the rights of the individual are the bedrock of Republican values, the King County Republican Party hereby recognizes the fundamental human rights of gay and lesbian American citizens.
由于尊重个人权利是共和党价值观的基石，金县共和党特此承认美国同性恋公民的基本人权。
We reject elements on the fringe of the Republican Party that would exploit fear and hatred of gay and lesbian American citizens for short term political gain.
我们反对共和党边缘人士利用美国男女同性恋公民的恐惧和仇恨来获取短期政治利益。
Through the shouting, I pointed out that we King County Republicans can't have it both ways.
通过喊叫，我指出我们金县共和党人不能两全其美。
We can't say in one breath that we oppose discrimination, and with our next breath support discrimination against gay and lesbian American citizens.
我们不能一口气说我们反对歧视，下一口气就支持对美国同性恋公民的歧视。
So let's vote on it.
那么让我们来投票吧。
Do we, the Republicans of King County, recognize the fundamental rights of gay and lesbian American citizens, or do we not?
我们金县的共和党人是否承认美国同性恋公民的基本权利？
Well, we do not.
好吧，我们不这样做。
After some heated debate, the names I was called-- pervert, sodomite, Democrat-- my amendment was voted down.
经过一番激烈的辩论，人们对我的称呼——变态者、鸡奸者、民主党人——我的修正案被否决了。
After my amendment failed, a woman in a Craswell hat approached me.
在我的修正案失败后，一位戴着克拉斯韦尔帽子的女士走近我。
Why are you wearing that hat, she briskly inquired.
你为什么戴那顶帽子，她轻快地问道。
Because I'm for Craswell.
因为我支持克拉斯韦尔。
You know where she stands on gay things, don't you?
你知道她在同性恋问题上的立场，不是吗？
Having recently had a conversation with Ellen herself, I most certainly did.
最近与艾伦本人进行了交谈，我肯定是这么做的。
But I'm not, I smilingly inform my new friend and fellow Craswell supporter, a single issue voter.
但我微笑着告诉我的新朋友和克拉斯韦尔的支持者，我不是单一问题的选民。
Try to imagine, now, that you're a homophobic, Republican jerk-off, which might be a triple redundancy, at your county convention.
现在，试着想象一下，在你的县大会上，你是一个仇视同性恋的共和党混蛋，这可能是三重冗余。
You came for the speeches, an anti-Clinton t-shirt for your collection, and a hot dog.
你来参加演讲，还收藏了一件反克林顿 T 恤和一个热狗。
This is what you do for fun, woo hoo.
这就是你为了好玩而做的事，呜呼。
But these three guys keep introducing pro-gay rights amendments, moving to have anti-gay amendments struck, and generally messing with your afternoon.
但这三个人不断提出支持同性恋权利的修正案，并提出反同性恋修正案，通常会扰乱你的下午。
You didn't come to the convention to defend your party's homophobia.
你来参加大会并不是为了捍卫你所在政党的同性恋恐惧症。
And you certainly didn't come expecting to listen to gay men giving speeches all day long.
你肯定没想到会整天听男同性恋者发表演讲。
Who are these guys?
这些人是谁？
And why is that one wearing a Craswell hat?
为什么那个人戴着克拉斯韦尔帽子？
OK, you're this person, what do you do?
好吧，你就是这个人，你会做什么？
You get mad, very, very mad.
你会生气，非常非常生气。
One delegate decided to get even.
一名代表决定报复。
In what can only be described as a David Lynch moment, a palsied delegate staggered up to the microphone and proposed a change in the rules.
在只能被描述为大卫·林奇时刻的时刻，一位瘫痪的代表摇摇晃晃地走到麦克风前，提议修改规则。
No further discussion of homosexuality allowed.
不允许进一步讨论同性恋。
His resolution needed a 2/3 majority to pass, because it was a rules change, not a simple amendment.
他的决议需要2/3多数才能通过，因为这是规则的改变，而不是简单的修正案。
And pass it did, to hoots, and hollers, and cheers.
事情确实过去了，伴随着叫喊声、欢呼声和欢呼声。
But we had yet to vote on the education section, which contained a plank about homosexuality.
但我们还没有对教育部分进行投票，其中包含有关同性恋的内容。
When we got to education, all hell broke loose.
当我们进入教育领域时，一切都乱了套。
Robert's Rules of Order fetishists lept to their feet insisting that the anti-gay plank in the education section would have to be struck.
罗伯特的《秩序规则》崇拜者站了起来，坚持认为教育部门的反同性恋木板必须被拆除。
If we can't discuss homosexuality, we can't vote on it, for voting is a discussion.
如果我们不能讨论同性恋，我们就不能对其进行投票，因为投票就是一种讨论。
Uh oh, we were talking about homosexuality again.
呃哦，我们又在谈论同性恋了。
People were booing, shouting, oh, the humanity.
人们发出嘘声，大喊“哦，人性”。
The chair, bringing the room to order, calmly ruled that the no-further discussion resolution applied only to pro-gay discussions.
主席使会议室恢复秩序，平静地裁定不再进一步讨论的决议仅适用于支持同性恋的讨论。
We could discuss homosexuality, he said, but only if we weren't saying anything nice about it.
他说，我们可以讨论同性恋，但前提是我们不能说任何好话。
And the convention limped to a close.
大会艰难地结束了。
Most of the day having been wasted debating gay rights, gay marriage, what makes people gay, and my hat.
一天的大部分时间都浪费在辩论同性恋权利、同性婚姻、什么使人们成为同性恋以及我的帽子上。
What I learned.
我学到了什么。
Here's what I learned about Republicans that weekend.
这是我那个周末对共和党的了解。
They don't like homos very much.
他们不太喜欢同性恋。
They certainly don't like having to talk about us.
他们当然不喜欢谈论我们。
And they certainly like listening to us even less.
他们当然更不喜欢听我们说话。
But they do like beating up on us in their platforms.
但他们确实喜欢在他们的平台上殴打我们。
So King County Republicans, I'll make you a deal.
金县共和党人，我将与你们达成协议。
Leave us out of your platform in '98, the next convention cycle, and I'll stay away from your convention.
如果我们在 98 年的下一个大会周期中离开你们的平台，我就会远离你们的大会。
But if we're in the platform, I intend to return.
但如果我们在平台上，我打算回来。
Dan Savage writes the syndicated sex advice columns, "Savage Love." And he's the author of several books, most recently, The Kid, What Happened After My Boyfriend and I Decided to get Pregnant an Adoption Story .
丹·萨维奇 (Dan Savage) 撰写联合性建议专栏“野蛮的爱”(Savage Love)。他是几本书的作者，最近出版了《孩子，我和男朋友决定怀孕后发生的事情》和《收养故事》。
Dan has continued his activism in the Republican Party, most recently he cast a vote in the Iowa straw-poll for Steve Forbes.
丹继续在共和党中积极活动，最近他在爱荷华州的稻草民意调查中为史蒂夫·福布斯投票。
His account of that is online.
他的叙述在网上。
You can link there from the This America Life website at www.
您可以从 This America Life 网站 www.This America Life 链接到该网站。
Thislife.org
Thislife.org
Coming up, illegal aliens who agreed that they should be deported, take matters into their own hands, and other unlikely stories.
接下来，同意将他们驱逐出境的非法外国人，将事情掌握在自己手中，以及其他不太可能的故事。
That's in a minute.
就在一分钟之内。
From Public Radio International, when our program continues.
来自国际公共广播电台，当我们的节目继续进行时。
This American Life , I'm Ira Glass.
这个美国生活，我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Each week on our program, of course, we choose a theme, bring you a variety of different kinds of stories on that theme.
当然，每周我们的节目都会选择一个主题，为您带来有关该主题的各种不同类型的故事。
Today's program comes in the wake of the first Iowa presidential straw poll.
今天的节目是在爱荷华州第一次总统稻草民意调查之后播出的。
With just 14 months left in the election season, we bring you election stories, hopefully, to restore a sense of hope.
距离选举季只剩下 14 个月了，我们为您带来选举故事，希望能让您重拾希望。
All of them taken from election coverage we did on This American Life four years ago during the last big election cycle.
所有这些都取自我们四年前在上一次重大选举周期中在《美国生活》中所做的选举报道。
We've arrived at act three of our program, Act Three, Pete and Repeat.
我们已经到了节目的第三幕，第三幕，皮特和重复。
This is the story of and idealistic political movement, which, like so many, began in California, the self-deportation movement.
这是一个理想主义政治运动的故事，与许多运动一样，它始于加利福尼亚州的自我驱逐运动。
This was back on the year, back around election day, 1996.
那是在 1996 年选举日前后。
Hey, Pedro, go back to Mexico.
嘿，佩德罗，回墨西哥吧。
Stop taking our jobs.
别再抢我们的工作了。
And stop looking at my daughter.
别再看我女儿了。
Immigrants are you tired of being pushed around in America?
移民们，你们厌倦了在美国被人摆布吗？
Well, don't sit on your serape, do something about it.
好吧，别坐在你的塞拉普上，做点什么吧。
Join the conservative political action group, HALTO, Hispanics Against Liberal Takeover.
加入保守派政治行动团体 HALTO，西班牙裔反对自由党接管。
I'm the chairman of HALTO, Daniel D.
我是 HALTO 的董事长 Daniel D.
Portado.
波塔多。
What is self deportation, do you ask?
请问什么是自我驱逐出境？
Think of it as a permanent vacation.
将其视为永久假期。
Immigrants join hospital today and see your homeland tomorrow.
移民今天入院，明天就可以见到祖国。
Self-deportation is a trademark of Hispanics Against Liberal Takeover, subject agrees to voluntarily repatriate to native land or Mexico, whichever is the nearest.
自我驱逐是西班牙裔反对自由党接管的商标，对象同意自愿遣返祖国或墨西哥，以最近的为准。
All self-deportations are final.
所有自我驱逐都是最终决定。
No exchanges or refunds.
不予换货或退款。
Tickets are one-way only.
门票仅限单程。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Ira Glass While listeners to our program in California may be familiar with this advertisement and with the group, Hispanics Against Liberal Takeover, they are a militant, self-deportation movement, encouraging all minorities to leave the United States.
[西班牙语] Ira Glass 虽然加州节目的听众可能熟悉这则广告和西班牙裔反对自由党接管组织，但他们是一场激进的自我驱逐运动，鼓励所有少数族裔离开美国。
That's right, all minorities.
没错，都是少数民族。
Its founder, Daniel D.
其创始人丹尼尔·D.
Portado, has appeared on Spanish language TV.
波塔多出现在西班牙语电视上。
I actually saw a video of one of these appearances, where, basically, the entire Latino studio audience yelled at him nonstop for his entire appearance.
我实际上看过其中一场演出的视频，基本上，整个拉丁裔演播室的观众在他的整个演出过程中不停地对他大喊大叫。
Mr. Portado says that he started his movement when he read newspaper accounts about Mexican Americans who were in favor of California's Proposition 187.
波塔多先生说，当他读到报纸上关于支持加州 187 号提案的墨西哥裔美国人的报道时，他开始了自己的运动。
Prop 187 was the Proposition that cut off social services to illegal immigrants.
第 187 号提案是切断向非法移民提供社会服务的提案。
He thought these Mexican Americans, who were in favor of cutting off the services, had the right idea but just did not go far enough.
他认为这些支持切断服务的墨西哥裔美国人的想法是正确的，但做得还不够。
They just didn't take it to its logical conclusion.
他们只是没有得出合乎逻辑的结论。
And he felt that self-deportation was the only solution.
他认为自我驱逐是唯一的解决办法。
We feel that the immigrants are taking too many jobs, are bringing down the quality of life.
我们认为移民抢走了太多的工作，降低了生活质量。
They're not allowing our young American teenagers the character building experiences of picking fruit and cleaning hotel beds.
他们不允许我们年轻的美国青少年获得采摘水果和清洁酒店床铺的品格培养经历。
So what's your evaluation of this week's election results.
那么您对本周的选举结果有何评价？
Were the election results in California good or bad for your self-deportation movement?
加州的选举结果对你的自我驱逐运动是好是坏？
Oh well, luckily, Pete Wilson is still with us.
哦，幸运的是，皮特·威尔逊仍然和我们在一起。
Of course, I was the chairman of, originally, of Hispanics for Wilson, the pro 187 group.
当然，我最初是 Pro 187 团体 Wilson 西班牙裔的主席。
Proposition 187 was the California proposition that suggested, and passed, saying that illegal immigrants could not receive any social services.
187号提案是加州提出并通过的提案，规定非法移民不能获得任何社会服务。
Right, right, and we are also sponsoring for the next election our own initiative, the Spic and Span Initiative, which stands for, Stop Promoting Illegal Culture and Spanish.
是的，是的，我们还将为下一次选举赞助我们自己的倡议，即 Spic 和 Span 倡议，该倡议代表“停止推广非法文化和西班牙语”。
Basically, we're trying to prohibit any sort of activity which might attract illegals to this country, such as dancing the "Macarena".
基本上，我们正在努力禁止任何可能吸引非法移民来到这个国家的活动，例如跳“Macarena”舞。
That would now be punishable by four Saturdays of freeway pick-up, clean-up, and a $250 fine.
现在，这种行为将受到四个周六的高速公路接机、清理和 250 美元罚款的处罚。
Pretty steep.
相当陡峭。
Daniel D.
丹尼尔·D.
Portado And also saying certain words or any word in Spanish, such as a Los Angeles, California, San Diego--
Portado 还可以用西班牙语说某些单词或任何单词，例如洛杉矶、加利福尼亚、圣地亚哥——
Burrito-- Daniel D.
墨西哥卷饼——丹尼尔·D.
Portado Burrito, yes, and chorito, all these are traditional-- Things like Linda Ronstadt records would now be banned.
Portado Burrito，是的，还有chorito，所有这些都是传统的——像琳达·朗斯塔特（Linda Ronstadt）这样的唱片现在将被禁止。
Those ones where she sings the Mexican songs?
那些她唱墨西哥歌曲的地方？
Yes, the ones that she doesn't understand what she's singing, but it's very harmful.
是的，就是那些她听不懂自己在唱什么的人，但这非常有害。
And it's like a yodel out to the immigrants.
这就像对移民唱的约德尔歌。
It's saying, are you out there?
它说，你在外面吗？
Is is there anyone out there?
外面有人吗？
Would you like to come to America?
你想来美国吗？
That's what, basically, Linda Ronstadt is saying.
基本上，这就是琳达·朗斯塔特所说的。
When she sings a Spanish language song, you mean she's pulling people across the border with the power of her voice?
当她唱一首西班牙语歌曲时，你的意思是她正在用她声音的力量拉着人们跨越国界？
Yes, it is a major conspiracy.
是的，这是一个重大阴谋。
You did not know?
你不知道吗？
Governor Wilson has discovered that there is a major conspiracy to get all sorts of indios from remote villages to come over.
威尔逊州长发现，有一个重大阴谋，目的是让偏远村庄的各种印第安人过来。
I mean, when Clinton says, it takes a village, I mean, he's talking about importing a whole village from Michoacan.
我的意思是，当克林顿说，这需要一个村庄时，我的意思是，他正在谈论从米却肯州进口整个村庄。
Don't you know that?
你不知道吗？
[LAUGHTER] Daniel D.
[笑声]丹尼尔·D.
Portado So, also we have discovered, with the help of Governor Wilson, that the "Macarena" is actually a very sinister mind control device.
所以，在威尔逊州长的帮助下，我们还发现“Macarena”实际上是一个非常险恶的精神控制装置。
And it is part of a conspiracy to control the white electorates feeble mind.
这是控制白人选民脆弱思想的阴谋的一部分。
What do you mean?
你是什么意思？
How do you figure?
你怎么看？
What is it doing to the white electorate?
它对白人选民做了什么？
Well, we actually have a translation here by our researchers that we can read for you.
好吧，我们实际上有研究人员的翻译，我们可以为您阅读。
All right, sure.
好吧，当然。
These are the words to the "Macarena?"
这些是对“Macarena？”的话语。
Yes.
是的。
And so my bodyguard, Rudy Rico, will do the translation in English.
我的保镖鲁迪·里科（Rudy Rico）将负责英语翻译。
And I will read the original lyrics in the soon to be forbidden Spanish tongue.
我将用即将被禁止的西班牙语来阅读原始歌词。
So here we go.
那么我们开始吧。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico I control your mind and body, gringo.
[说西班牙语]鲁迪·里科（Rudy Rico）我控制你的思想和身体，外国佬。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico Now, it's time to pick the fruit and make me rich.
[说西班牙语] Rudy Rico 现在，是时候采摘水果让我致富了。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico Give me the keys to your Volvo, gringo.
[西班牙语] 鲁迪·里科 给我你的沃尔沃钥匙，外国佬。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico Hey, stupid gringo.
[说西班牙语]鲁迪·里科嘿，愚蠢的外国佬。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico See how foolish you look.
[说西班牙语]鲁迪·里科（Rudy Rico）看看你看起来多么愚蠢。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico When you twist and dance to my mind control music.
[说西班牙语] Rudy Rico 当你随着我的精神控制音乐扭动并跳舞时。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico Screw the police.
[西班牙语]鲁迪·里科去他妈的警察。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico Now go cook some food for my friends.
[说西班牙语] Rudy Rico 现在去为我的朋友们做饭。
[SPEAKING SPANISH] Rudy Rico Stupid gringos, stupid gringos, stupid gringos.
[说西班牙语]鲁迪·里科 愚蠢的外国佬，愚蠢的外国佬，愚蠢的外国佬。
So, as you can see, this is a very sinister device.
所以，正如你所看到的，这是一个非常险恶的装置。
Daniel D.
丹尼尔·D.
Portado, if you actually believe in deportation, what are you yourself still doing in California.
波塔多，如果你真的相信驱逐出境，那你自己还在加州做什么呢？
Well, I am here to help everyone get out.
好吧，我是来帮助大家出去的。
I hope to look forward to the day where I will stand at the border and say, will the last Mexican out of California, please turn out the lights.
我希望有一天我会站在边境说，请最后一个离开加州的墨西哥人关灯。
That will be me.
那就是我。
Daniel D.
丹尼尔·D.
Portado, chairman of Hispanics Against Liberal Takeover.
波塔多是西班牙裔反对自由党接管组织的主席。
Act four-- Throwing Money at the Problem.
第四幕——砸钱解决问题。
Well, back in 1996, when the Democratic convention came to town here in Chicago, the city did a multi-million cleanup for the convention along the routes between the downtown hotels and the United Center, the sports arena where the convention was held.
早在 1996 年，当民主党全国代表大会来到芝加哥时，该市就花费数百万美元对市中心酒店和举办大会的体育场馆——联合中心之间的路线进行了清理工作。
Well one night, after the convention, I jumped in a cab with some other people, strangers, convention goers, and we sped up Monroe Street, them to their hotels, me, back to the radio station.
一天晚上，大会结束后，我和其他一些人、陌生人、参加大会的人一起跳上一辆出租车，我们沿着门罗街加速，他们去了他们的酒店，我回到了广播电台。
The moon was out, the air was perfect, the street was freshly paved, and a woman from Washington DC, a lobbyist who had attended the convention in a sky box remarked, Chicago is so beautiful.
月亮出来了，空气清新，街道刚刚铺好，一位来自华盛顿特区的女士，一位乘坐空中包厢参加大会的游说者说，芝加哥是如此美丽。
There are no potholes, no homeless people, and the weather is so beautiful.
没有坑坑洼洼，没有无家可归的人，天气真好。
Now, don't get me wrong, I love Chicago.
现在，不要误会我的意思，我爱芝加哥。
But I have to say, we do have our fair share of potholes, homeless people, and bad weather.
但我不得不说，我们确实也遇到了坑洼、无家可归的人和恶劣的天气。
I knew, before this moment, that money could not buy love, but I had no idea it could buy this level of misperception.
在此之前，我知道金钱买不到爱情，但我不知道它可以买到这种程度的误解。
This next story is about what all the cameras and all the political elite see in the neighborhoods they drive through, and what they don't see.
下一个故事是关于所有摄像机和所有政治精英在他们开车经过的社区中看到的以及他们没有看到的。
You may remember the bestselling book, There Are No Children Here , from a few years back.
您可能还记得几年前的畅销书《这里没有孩子》。
In it, writer Alex Kotlowitz described the lives of two brothers at the Henry Horner homes.
作家亚历克斯·科特洛维茨在书中描述了亨利·霍纳家中两兄弟的生活。
It was made into a TV film by Oprah Winfrey.
奥普拉·温弗瑞将其拍成电视电影。
It's been mentioned many times in speeches by Jack Kemp and by others.
杰克·坎普和其他人的演讲中多次提到这一点。
Well, Henry Horner is the public housing project that sits right across the street from the United Center where the convention was held.
亨利·霍纳 (Henry Horner) 是一个公共住房项目，位于会议举办地联合中心的街对面。
And when Chicago did its multimillion dollar cleanup for the Democratic convention, it cleaned up some of Horner.
当芝加哥为民主党大会花费数百万美元进行清理时，它清理了霍纳的一些地方。
The boys from Alex Kotlowitz's book are now young men, and they do not live at Horner anymore.
亚历克斯·科特洛维茨书中的男孩现在已经是年轻人了，他们不再住在霍纳了。
But they go back now and then.
但他们偶尔会回去。
And during the convention, we asked one of them, Pharoah Walton, who was then 18, to give us a tour of what had changed at Horner because of the convention, and what hadn't changed.
在大会期间，我们邀请其中一位，当时 18 岁的法罗亚·沃尔顿 (Pharoah Walton)，带我们参观一下霍纳因大会而发生的变化以及没有发生的变化。
And one of the most interesting things about his report is how much of the neighborhood had improved for political and legal reasons, for all sorts of reasons, that never entered our political consciousness.
他的报告中最有趣的事情之一是，由于政治和法律原因，由于各种原因，社区的改善程度从未进入我们的政治意识。
They never became part of any discussion of what's going on in our cities.
他们从未参与过有关我们城市正在发生的事情的任何讨论。
They never became part of the discussion of how things might be improved.
他们从未参与过如何改进事情的讨论。
So here, once again, is Pharoah's story.
这是法老的故事。
When I left Henry Horner five years ago, it looked like a ghost town.
五年前我离开亨利·霍纳时，它看起来就像一座鬼城。
It had no green grass, broken windows, graffiti everywhere.
这里没有绿草，窗户破损，到处都是涂鸦。
Now, here in Horner, it's a different place.
现在，在霍纳，这是一个不同的地方。
There are rows of flowers outside the maintenance building, and new windows in the office where my mother used to pay rent.
维修大楼外面有一排鲜花，我母亲以前付房租的办公室也换了新窗户。
There are trees, new elevators.
有树，有新电梯。
Most of the changes are on the side of the building that faced the United Center.
大部分变化都发生在大楼面向联合中心的一侧。
And on Washington Street, where the old Birney school used to be, there's a new playground, with a big lawn and a huge new blue and green jungle gym.
在华盛顿街，旧伯尼学校曾经所在的地方，有一个新的操场，有一个大草坪和一个巨大的新蓝绿色攀登架。
Nicer than any playground I've ever seen in the city, even on the Northside, and everyone knows why.
比我在城里见过的任何游乐场都好，即使是在北区，每个人都知道为什么。
I like it.
我喜欢它。
It's fun.
很有趣。
I know why they did it.
我知道他们为什么这么做。
Because the President is coming.
因为总统要来了。
And then they all be taking kids and they going to be killing people, the President's soldiers.
然后他们都会带着孩子，他们会杀人，总统的士兵。
People say a lot of other things too.
人们还说了很多其他的话。
And not all of them make sense.
但并非所有这些都有意义。
Like what Kanue Howe told me about the playground.
就像卡努·豪 (Kanue Howe) 告诉我的关于游乐场的事情一样。
The Democratic convention coming, and now I can't be outside.
民主党全国代表大会即将来临，现在我不能出去。
[UNINTELLIGIBLE].
[无法理解]。
After 7:30 [UNINTELLIGIBLE] and if you're not, you're gonna be all [UNINTELLIGIBLE] all you home, then get a doctor.
7:30 以后[无法辨认]，如果你没有，你就得[无法辨认]呆在家里，然后去看医生。
There be a lot of parties in our building and parties not supposed to be in our building.
我们大楼里有很多聚会，也有不应该在我们大楼里的聚会。
People at Horner are glad about the physical changes.
霍纳的人们对身体上的变化感到高兴。
But most of them say they're mad that it took a President before the city would clean up a parking lot or plant a tree.
但他们中的大多数人表示，他们很生气，因为只有一位总统才让这座城市清理停车场或种植一棵树。
Some things I'm hearing have changed and some things are still the same, like shootings and hot days.
我听到的有些事情已经改变了，有些事情仍然是一样的，比如枪击事件和炎热的天气。
But when I was a kid, I would run in the house when the shootings start.
但当我还是个孩子的时候，枪击事件发生时我会跑进屋里。
Same with my nephew Snuggles and his friend Jeremy today.
今天我的侄子依偎和他的朋友杰里米也是如此。
They always trying to shoot on a hot day.
他们总是试图在炎热的天气里拍摄。
And they start gang banging, when they on a hot day.
当他们在大热天的时候，他们就会开始群殴。
And then all the kids got to go in the house.
然后所有的孩子都得进屋去。
Like two weeks ago, some boy got shot, he got shot in the eye.
就像两周前，一个男孩被枪杀，他的眼睛中弹了。
Probably is dead now.
现在大概已经死了。
Boy 1 He is dead.
男孩 1 他死了。
[UNINTELLIGIBLE] shooting all the time.
[无法理解]一直在拍摄。
Usually when you here about the projects, you hear that things are bad, and they're getting worse.
通常当你来这里谈论项目时，你会听说事情很糟糕，而且情况正在变得更糟。
But when I went to Horner, I heard a different story.
但当我去霍纳时，我听到了不同的故事。
There still shootings, still drugs, and still gangs.
枪击事件依然存在，毒品依然存在，帮派依然存在。
But, mostly, people told me that things have slowed down.
但大多数人告诉我，事情已经放缓了。
In 1991, the residents of Henry Horner filed a lawsuit against the city and won.
1991年，亨利霍纳的居民对该市提起诉讼并获胜。
Because of that, the Chicago Housing Authority is cleaning it up, renovating old apartments, putting in new elevators, tearing down the worst building.
因此，芝加哥住房管理局正在清理它，翻新旧公寓，安装新电梯，拆除最糟糕的建筑。
They've moved 233 families out of Horner's in 1995 and installed 24 hour security guards.
1995 年，他们已将 233 个家庭搬出霍纳家，并安装了 24 小时保安。
My friend Sylvia told me she feels safer.
我的朋友西尔维娅告诉我她感觉更安全。
So it's doing a lots better since 20 years it was looking around here, so.
自从 20 年来它在这里四处寻找以来，它的表现已经好多了。
Crime [UNINTELLIGIBLE] a lot better too.
犯罪[难以理解]也好很多。
They ain't doing too much shooting or nothing, so that's good.
他们没有进行太多的射击或什么都不做，所以这很好。
Police are around a little more, so that's better too.
警察在附近的时间多一点，所以也更好。
Since they put that United Center up there, because they watch that a lot.
自从他们把联合中心球馆放在那里以来，因为他们经常观看比赛。
Sylvia says police are always driving around the neighborhood since the United Center was built.
西尔维娅说，自从联合中心建成以来，警察一直在附近开车。
I visited my grandmother, and she said the same thing.
我拜访了我的祖母，她也说了同样的话。
That things are getting better.
事情正在变得更好。
We sat in her apartment with gospel music on the radio and a preacher on the television.
我们坐在她的公寓里，收音机里播放着福音音乐，电视上播放着传教士的节目。
And she told me about life in Horner now.
她告诉我现在在霍纳的生活。
Well, it's not too bad around here.
嗯，这附近还不错。
I never read about nothing happening around here, like somebody getting killed in a drive-by shooting.
我从来没有读到过这里发生过什么事情，比如有人在驾车枪击事件中被杀。
It's not too bad.
还不错。
I walk out this house every day and goes off.
我每天走出这所房子就走了。
Lights be out, I have to take a flashlight, but I'm not afraid.
灯灭了，我得带手电筒，但我不怕。
I'm not afraid.
我不害怕。
Of course, I got God, first of all.
当然，首先我得到了上帝。
One of the things that the President and the delegates at the convention won't see when they look at Horner from across the United Center parking lot, is The Boys & Girls Club.
当总统和大会代表从联合中心停车场对面看霍纳时，他们不会看到的一件事是男孩女孩俱乐部。
Physically The Boys & Girls Club hasn't changed since I was little.
从我小时候起，男孩女孩俱乐部的实质就没有改变。
Old pool tables, a basketball court, cinderblock wall, it's not in great shape.
旧台球桌、篮球场、煤渣砖墙，状况不佳。
I talked to the grandfather of the community, Major Adam.
我和社区的祖父亚当少校交谈过。
He's worked at the Boys & Girls Club for 40 years.
他在男孩女孩俱乐部工作了 40 年。
Everybody knows him, and everybody respects him.
每个人都认识他，每个人都尊重他。
Kids would listen to Major before they'd listen to teacher, or parents, or even a police.
孩子们会先听梅杰的话，然后再听老师、家长、甚至警察的话。
He's the only person at Horner who can walk into the middle of a gang fight and make it stop.
他是霍纳唯一一个能够介入帮派斗殴并制止冲突的人。
In fact, he's famous for jumping into the middle of fights.
事实上，他因跳入打斗而闻名。
And Major would be the first person to tell you about all the fights he's stopped.
梅杰将是第一个告诉你他制止的所有斗殴事件的人。
He's going to jump on eight guys with these three knives.
他要用这三把刀向八个人扑去。
I didn't know he had three knives.
我不知道他有三把刀。
But he had one in his hand he was going to get these guys.
但他手里有一把，他要抓住这些人。
So I had to grab this guy and take this knife away from him.
所以我必须抓住这个人，把这把刀从他手中拿走。
While the guy came out there, 12 of them was jumping on one guy.
当那个人出来时，12 个人正扑向其中一个人。
And it made me so mad, I said, well look, I'm going to take all 12 of you guys, one at a time.
这让我很生气，我说，好吧，我要带走你们所有 12 个人，一次一个。
And I'd take them one at a time, and I whooped all 12 of them.
我一次拿一个，然后我把 12 个都欢呼了。
I'm gonna do do it by myself.
我要自己做。
I picked them up and throwed them over the fence.
我把它们捡起来，扔过栅栏。
I'm telling you, you got--
我告诉你，你有——
Some people say the neighborhood is safer because over 200 families moved out.
有人说这个社区更安全，因为有 200 多个家庭搬走了。
There are fewer people to get in trouble or shoot each other.
遇到麻烦或互相开枪的人越来越少。
My friend Sylvia says, people have less time to fool around, because the Housing Authority is hiring residents to do construction and clean the place up.
我的朋友西尔维娅说，人们闲逛的时间越来越少，因为房委会正在雇用居民进行建筑和清理工作。
Another friend of mine says, people are getting their acts together, because now the city is kicking people out and tearing buildings down, and they don't want to lose their homes.
我的另一位朋友说，人们正在齐心协力，因为现在这个城市正在把人们赶出去，拆毁建筑物，他们不想失去自己的家园。
But the way Major sees it, the neighborhood is better, because there are people in Horner who are trying to make a difference.
但在梅杰看来，这个社区更好，因为霍纳有人试图做出改变。
I'll tell you, crime have went down in our neighborhood, this neighborhood, because you have a guy like me working in the neighborhood.
我告诉你，我们这个社区的犯罪率已经下降，因为有像我这样的人在这个社区工作。
When you walk in there, a lot of them gang bangers just came, I sent them.
当你走进去的时候，很多黑帮刚来，是我派来的。
So is a lot of things I do for them.
我为他们做的很多事情也是如此。
I let them play basketball.
我让他们打篮球。
When they want to go back to school, I see that they go back to school.
当他们想回学校时，我看到他们回学校。
They go to jail, I send them money and stuff like that.
他们进监狱，我给他们寄钱之类的。
Like my Aunt Millie says, you can't beautify the outside, when the inside ain't right.
就像我的米莉阿姨说的，当内在不正确时，你就无法美化外表。
Major's working hard to beautify the inside.
少校正在努力美化内部。
In the main room at The Boys & Girls Club, there's a trophy case.
在男孩女孩俱乐部的主房间里，有一个奖杯柜。
Inside there are all the trophies won by Horner baseball teams, basketball teams, and football teams.
里面有霍纳棒球队、篮球队和橄榄球队赢得的所有奖杯。
And pinned to the back of the trophy case, there are pictures of Horner residents who've made something of their lives, who've gotten out of the project, went on to do great things.
奖杯柜的背面钉着霍纳居民的照片，他们在生活中做出了一些贡献，他们从该项目中出来，继续做出了伟大的事情。
All three of those young men up t there are teachers.
上面的三个年轻人都是老师。
They grew up in the area.
他们在该地区长大。
All three of them?
他们三个都？
Major Adam Yeah, all three there.
亚当少校 是的，三个人都在那里。
And this is Dr. Steven Parker at Chicago State.
这是芝加哥州立大学的史蒂文·帕克博士。
That's Verdine from Earth, Wind & Fire.
这是《地、风与火》中的维尔丁。
Then he pointed out a blank spot, and asked me for a picture.
然后他指着一个空白处，向我要了一张照片。
His way of saying, he knew I was going to make it.
他的说法是，他知道我会成功。
Well, This American Life is produced by Alex Blumberg, Susan Burton, Blue Chevigny, Julie Snyder, Nancy Updike, and me.
《美国生活》由亚历克斯·布隆伯格、苏珊·伯顿、布鲁·切维尼、朱莉·斯奈德、南希·厄普代克和我制作。
Contributing editors Paul Tough, Jack Hitt, Margie Rochlin, Alix Spiegel and consigliere Sarah Vowell.
特约编辑 Paul Tough、Jack Hitt、Margie Rochlin、Alix Spiegel 和顾问 Sarah Vowell。
Production help from Todd Bachmann and Starlee Kine.
托德·巴赫曼 (Todd Bachmann) 和斯塔莉·凯恩 (Starlee Kine) 为制作提供帮助。
Some work in todays show was produced by Peter Clowney and Alix Spiegel.
今天展览中的一些作品是由彼得·克劳尼和阿利克斯·斯皮格尔制作的。
Musical help today from John Connors, Steve Cushing, and Anaheed Alani.
今天的音乐帮助来自约翰·康纳斯、史蒂夫·库欣和阿纳希德·阿拉尼。
[ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS] If you'd like to buy a cassette of this or any of our programs, call us here at WBEZ in Chicago, 312-832-3380.
[鸣谢] 如果您想购买本节目或我们任何节目的磁带，请致电芝加哥的 WBEZ，电话：312-832-3380。
two Well, you know you can listen to most of our programs for absolutely free on the internet at our website, www.thislife.org.
2 好吧，您知道您可以在我们的网站 www.thislife.org 上完全免费地收听我们的大部分节目。
Thanks to Elizabeth Meister who runs our site.
感谢伊丽莎白·梅斯特 (Elizabeth Meister) 运营我们的网站。
This American Life is distributed by Public Radio International.
《美国生活》由国际公共广播电台发行。
[FUNDING CREDITS] WBEZ management oversight by Torey Malatia, who is worrying about the effects of this radio show.
[资金来源] WBEZ 管理由托里·马拉蒂亚 (Torey Malatia) 负责监督，他担心这个广播节目的影响。
It's very harmful.
这是非常有害的。
And it's like a yodel out to the immigrants.
这就像对移民唱的约德尔歌。
I'm Ira Glass.
我是艾拉·格拉斯。
Back next week for more stories of This American Life .
下周回来了解更多《美国生活》的故事。
It's saying, are you out there?
它说，你在外面吗？
Is there anyone out there?
外面有人吗？
Would you like to come to America?
你想来美国吗？
This American Life is produced in collaboration with WBEZ Chicago and delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange.
《This American Life》与 WBEZ Chicago 合作制作，并由 PRX 公共广播电台传送到各电台。