“Wealth and Poverty” Class 5: Monopoly, Organized Labor, and Antitrust
Our fifth class begins our focus on power — and on the weakening power of workers and the increasing power of big corporations.
我们的第五堂课开始关注权力——以及工人权力的削弱和大公司权力的增强。
In case you missed them, here are the classes that have been released so far: Class 1 , Class 2 , Class 3 , and Class 4 .
如果您错过了，这里是迄今为止已发布的课程： Class 1 、 Class 2 、 Class 3 和 Class 4 。
For Class 5, just double-click on the video below, and you’re in the fifth week of class.
对于 5 级，只需双击下面的视频，您就进入了课程的第五周。
Background: It’s one of the oldest struggles inside the American economy and within capitalism worldwide: between labor and capital.
背景：这是美国经济和全世界资本主义内部最古老的斗争之一：劳动力和资本之间的斗争。
And it has a direct effect on inequality.
它对不平等有直接影响。
Today we’ll look at antitrust laws designed to contain the market power of corporations, and labor laws designed to increase the market power of workers.
今天，我们将研究旨在遏制公司市场力量的反垄断法，以及旨在增强工人市场力量的劳动法。
Both sets of laws have been altered over the last 40 years, contributing to a huge power shift.
过去 40 年来，这两套法律都发生了变化，促成了巨大的权力转移。
Corporations have gained greater market power, while the power of organized labor has been dramatically reduced.
公司获得了更大的市场力量，而有组织的劳工的力量却急剧下降。
We’ll examine why these changes have occurred.
我们将研究为什么会发生这些变化。
What happened to antitrust in the United States over the last 50 years?
过去50年美国的反垄断发生了什么？
Why are antitrust (anti-monopoly) laws stronger in Europe than they are in the United States?
为什么欧洲的反托拉斯（反垄断）法律比美国更严格？
Why is a higher percent of European (and Canadian) workforces unionized than in the United States?
为什么欧洲（和加拿大）劳动力加入工会的比例高于美国？
What’s the relationship among degrees of monopolization, levels of unionization, and inequality, and why?
垄断程度、工会水平和不平等之间有什么关系，为什么？
Louis Uchitelle, “How the Loss of Union Power Has Hurt American Manufacturing,” The New York Times .
Louis Uchitelle，“工会权力的丧失如何损害美国制造业”，《纽约时报》。
Steven Greenhouse, “How Walmart Persuades Its Workers Not to Organize,” The Atlantic .
史蒂文·格林豪斯（Steven Greenhouse），“沃尔玛如何说服员工不组织起来”，《大西洋月刊》。
David Madland, “Wage Boards for American Workers,” Center for American Progress .
大卫·马德兰，“美国工人工资委员会”，美国进步中心。
John Cassidy, “The Biden Antitrust Revolution,” The New Yorker .
约翰·卡西迪，“拜登反垄断革命”，《纽约客》。
Kate Bahn, “McDonalds, monopsony, and the need for joint employer standards,” Washington Center for Equitable Growth .
Kate Bahn，“麦当劳、垄断以及联合雇主标准的必要性”，华盛顿公平增长中心。
Peter Thiel, “Competition is for Losers,” The Wall Street Journal .
彼得·泰尔，《竞争是失败者的事》，《华尔街日报》。
David Dayen, “Special Investigation: The Dirty Secret Behind Warren Buffett’s Billions,” The Nation .
大卫·戴恩（David Dayen），“特别调查：沃伦·巴菲特数十亿美元背后的肮脏秘密”，《国家报》。
Dipayan Ghosh, “Don’t Break Up Facebook — Treat It Like a Utility,” Harvard Business Review .
Dipayan Ghosh，“不要拆分 Facebook——将其视为公用事业”，《哈佛商业评论》。
For a full list of readings and the student handout for today’s class, you can visit the course website here .
有关今天课程的阅读材料和学生讲义的完整列表，您可以访问此处的课程网站。
A huge thanks to the Wealth and Poverty team — to Michael Lahanas-Calderón, Kyle Parker, Dan Davis, and Emmett Tjen — as well as Coro Fellows Ammar Ansari and Meagan Turner for preparing these course materials to be shared with all of you.
非常感谢财富与贫困团队——Michael Lahanas-Calderón、Kyle Parker、Dan Davis 和 Emmett Tjen——以及科罗研究员 Ammar Ansari 和 Meagan Turner 准备了这些课程材料，以便与大家分享。
And to Heather Kinlaw Lofthouse for making all this happen on this page.
感谢 Heather Kinlaw Lofthouse 让这一切在本页发生。
If Trump holds a summit with Putin and Xi, do we get to call him the “C” word?
如果特朗普与普京和习近平举行峰会，我们可以称他为“C”字吗？
Not That one, the longer one that ends in -ist
不是那个，以 -ist 结尾的较长的那个
I will read later but thanking you for your book, “Coming Up Short”, received today.
我稍后会读，但感谢您今天收到的书《即将到来》。
Excited to read this and hoping change is coming to the USA as soon as possible.
很高兴读到这篇文章，并希望美国尽快发生变化。
Already voted, absentee ballot, mailed, scanned and tracked and received by the election board in St. Clair County IL.
伊利诺伊州圣克莱尔县选举委员会已投票、缺席选票、邮寄、扫描、跟踪和接收。
PS.
附言。
I really loved the film, “The Last Class” seen last year.
我真的很喜欢去年看的电影《最后一堂课》。
Looking forward to more.
期待更多。
Say hello to Heather and documentary film director for me.
代我向希瑟和纪录片导演问好。
PSS Did my No Kings Rally signs with granddaughter who is a much better artist than me.
PSS 我的“无王集会”是和孙女签的吗，她的艺术家比我好得多。
Enjoyed the lovely weather that day
享受了那天的好天气