American Rhetoric: David Petraeus - Speech to the 4th Munich Security Conference | davidpetraeus45thmunichsecurityconference

On the Future of the Alliance and the Mission in Afghanistan

关于联盟的未来和阿富汗使命

delivered 8 February 2009, 45th Munich Security Conference

2009 年 2 月 8 日，第 45 届慕尼黑安全会议

Well, thank you very much chairman, and it's great to be with you all.

非常感谢主席，很高兴能和大家在一起。

And actually, if I could start off by just applauding, as a soldier, what I just heard the Minister of Defence 1 of the UK tell us.

事实上，作为一名士兵，我首先要为我刚刚听到的英国国防部长告诉我们的内容鼓掌。

I thought that was a terrific message .

我认为这是一个了不起的信息。

It's great to be on the stage with my new diplomatic partner, Ambassador Richard Holbrooke .

很高兴与我的新外交伙伴理查德·霍尔布鲁克大使一起登上舞台。

You know, it�s every Commander�s dream to have as his ambassadorial wingman someone journalists describe with nicknames like �The Bulldozer.� In all seriousness, I want to publicly salute this gifted diplomat for taking on his new position, an appointment that conveys how significant the focus is in the United States on Afghanistan and Pakistan and the South and Central Asian regions more broadly.

你知道，每个指挥官都梦想有一位被记者称为“推土机”的大使僚机。严肃地说，我想公开向这位才华横溢的外交官表示敬意，因为他就任新职务，这一任命表明美国对阿富汗和巴基斯坦以及更广泛的南亚和中亚地区的关注有多么重要。

Secretary Gates, the Defense Gates recently described Afghanistan to the U.S. Congress as posing �our greatest military challenge right now.� As he noted, our fundamental objective in Afghanistan is to ensure that transnational terrorists are not able to reestablish the sanctuaries they enjoyed prior to 9/11.

盖茨部长、国防部长盖茨最近向美国国会描述阿富汗构成了“我们目前最大的军事挑战”。正如他指出的那样，我们在阿富汗的根本目标是确保跨国恐怖分子无法重建他们在 9/11 之前享有的庇护所。

It was to eliminate such sanctuaries that we took action in Afghanistan in 2001.

2001年我们在阿富汗采取的行动就是为了消除此类庇护所。

And preventing their reestablishment remains an imperative today -- noting, to be sure, that achievement of that objective inevitably requires accomplishment of other interrelated tasks as well.

今天，防止它们的重建仍然是当务之急——当然，要实现这一目标，不可避免地还需要完成其他相互关联的任务。

As has been explained, President Obama has directed a strategy review that will sharpen the clarity of these tasks.

正如已经解释的那样，奥巴马总统已指示进行战略审查，以提高这些任务的清晰度。

Afghanistan has been a very tough endeavor.

阿富汗是一个非常艰难的努力。

Certainly, there have been important achievements there over the past seven years as Minister Jung and President Karzai noted in the earlier session, many important ones.

当然，正如荣格部长和卡尔扎伊总统在早些时候的会议上指出的那样，过去七年里取得了重要成就，其中有许多重要成就。

But in recent years the resurgence of the Taliban and Al Qaeda has led to an increase in violence, especially in the southern and eastern parts of the country.

但近年来，塔利班和基地组织的死灰复燃导致暴力事件增加，特别是在该国南部和东部地区。

Numerous other challenges have emerged as well: difficulties in the development of governmental institutions that achieve legitimacy in the eyes of the Afghan people; corruption, expansion of poppy production and the illegal narcotics industry -- although that was reversed last year -- and difficulties in the establishment of the Afghan police.

还出现了许多其他挑战：难以建立在阿富汗人民眼中具有合法性的政府机构；腐败、罂粟生产扩大和非法麻醉品工业 -- -- 尽管这种情况去年得到扭转 -- -- 以及建立阿富汗警察方面的困难。

In fact, there has been nothing easy about Afghanistan.

事实上，阿富汗的局势并不轻松。

And as Senator Lieberman observed recently in a speech to the Brookings institution, �Reversing Afghanistan�s slide into insecurity will not come quickly, easily, or cheaply.� Similarly, Secretary Gates told Congress, �this will undoubtedly be a long and difficult fight.� I agree.

正如参议员利伯曼最近在布鲁金斯学会的一次演讲中所说，“扭转阿富汗陷入不安全的局面不会很快、轻易或廉价。”同样，盖茨国务卿告诉国会，“这无疑将是一场漫长而艰难的战斗。”我同意。

In fact, I think it�s important to be clear eyed about the challenges that lie ahead, while also remembering the importance of our objectives in Afghanistan and the importance of the opportunity that exists as we all intensify our efforts and work together to achieve those objectives.

事实上，我认为重要的是要清醒地认识未来的挑战，同时记住我们在阿富汗的目标的重要性以及我们大家加紧努力并共同努力实现这些目标所存在的机会的重要性。

Many observers have noted that there are no purely military solutions in Afghanistan.

许多观察家指出，阿富汗问题不存在纯粹的军事解决方案。

And that is correct.

这是正确的。

Nonetheless, military action, while not sufficient by itself, is absolutely necessary, for security provides the essential foundation for the achievement of progress in all the other so-called lines of operation -- recognizing, of course, that progress in other areas made possible by security improvements typically contributes to further progress in the security arena -- creating an upward spiral in which improvements in one area reinforce progress in another.

尽管如此，军事行动虽然本身还不够，但却是绝对必要的，因为安全为所有其他所谓行动线取得进展提供了必要的基础 -- -- 当然，我们认识到，通过改善安全状况而在其他领域取得的进展通常有助于安全领域的进一步进展 -- -- 形成一种螺旋式上升，其中一个领域的改进促进了另一领域的进展。

Arresting and then reversing the downward spiral in security in Afghanistan thus will require not just additional military forces, as we have been reminded again today, but also large civilian contributions, greater unity of effort between civilian and military elements and with our Afghan partners, and a comprehensive approach, as well as sustained commitment and a strategy that addresses the situations in neighboring countries.

因此，制止并扭转阿富汗安全局势的螺旋式下降不仅需要增加军事力量（正如今天再次提醒我们的那样），还需要大量的民事贡献、民事和军事部门之间以及与我们的阿富汗伙伴之间更加团结的努力、全面的做法以及持续的承诺和解决邻国局势的战略。

This morning, I�d like to describe briefly and in general terms the resource requirements under discussion in Washington and various other national capitals.

今天早上，我想简要概括地描述华盛顿和其他各国首都正在讨论的资源需求。

Then I�ll describe a few of the ideas that helped us in Iraq and that properly adapted for Afghanistan, can help General McKiernan and ISAF.

然后我将描述一些在伊拉克帮助我们的想法，这些想法适当地适用于阿富汗，可以帮助麦基南将军和国际安全援助部队。

In recent months, our President and many others have highlighted the need for additional forces in Afghanistan to reverse the downward spiral in security, help Afghan forces provide security for the elections on August 20th, and enable progress in the tasks essential to achievement of our objectives.

近几个月来，我们的总统和许多其他人都强调需要在阿富汗增派部队，以扭转安全形势的恶化，帮助阿富汗部队为 8 月 20 日的选举提供安全保障，并推动实现我们目标所必需的任务取得进展。

As has been announced in recent months, more US forces are entering operations as part of ISAF in Afghanistan now, more have been ordered to deploy, and the deployment of others is under consideration.

正如近几个月来所宣布的那样，更多的美军正在作为国际安全援助部队的一部分参与在阿富汗的行动，更多的美军已被命令部署，其他部队的部署正在考虑中。

Beyond that, the number of Afghan soldiers to be trained and equipped has been increased, and many of the other troop contributing nations will deploy additional forces as well, with a number of commitments under discussion.

除此之外，接受训练和装备的阿富汗士兵数量有所增加，许多其他部队派遣国也将部署更多部队，多项承诺正在讨论中。

And I would be remiss, if I did not ask individual countries to examine very closely what forces and other contributions they can provide as ISAF intensifies its efforts in preparation for the elections in August.

如果我没有要求各个国家在国际安全援助部队加紧努力准备八月份的选举之际，仔细研究他们可以提供哪些部队和其他贡献，那就是我的失职。

It is, of course, not just additional combat forces that are required.

当然，需要的不仅仅是额外的战斗部队。

ISAF also needs more so-called enablers to support the effort in Afghanistan -- more intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance platforms; more military police, engineers, and logistic elements, additional special operations forces and civil affairs units; more lift and attack helicopters and fixed wing aircraft, additional air medevac assets; increases in information operations capabilities and so on.

国际安全援助部队还需要更多所谓的推动者来支持在阿富汗的努力——更多的情报、监视和侦察平台；更多宪兵、工程师和后勤人员、特种作战部队和民政单位；更多的运输和攻击直升机和固定翼飞机，更多的空中医疗后送资产；信息作战能力的增强等等。

Also required are more Embedded Training Teams, Operational Mentoring and Liaison Teams, and Police Mentoring Teams, all elements that are essential to building the all important capability of the Afghan National Security Forces.

还需要更多的嵌入式培训小组、行动指导和联络小组以及警察指导小组，所有这些对于建设阿富汗国家安全部队的所有重要能力都至关重要。

And I applaud the German Defense Minister�s announcement of additional police and army trainers this morning.

我对德国国防部长今天早上宣布增派警察和军队训练员表示赞赏。

As with combat forces, some additional enabler elements are already flowing to Afghanistan, commitments have been made to provide others, and others are under discussion.

与作战部队一样，一些额外的推动要素已经流入阿富汗，并已承诺提供其他要素，其他要素正在讨论中。

As Senator Lieberman also highlighted in his Brookings speech, a surge in civilian capacity is needed to match the increase in military forces in order to field adequate numbers of provincial reconstructions teams and other civilian elements -- these teams and other personnel are essential to help our Afghan partners expand their capabilities in key governmental areas, to support basic economic development, and to assist in development of various important aspects of the rule of law.

正如利伯曼参议员在布鲁金斯学会演讲中也强调的那样，民事能力的激增需要与军事力量的增加相匹配，以便派出足够数量的省级重建队和其他文职人员——这些队伍和其他人员对于帮助我们的阿富汗伙伴扩大在关键政府领域的能力、支持基本经济发展以及协助发展法治的各个重要方面至关重要。

It is also essential, of course, that sufficient financial resources be provided for the effort in Afghanistan, it�s hugely important that nations deliver on their pledges of economic development assistance that the Afghan National Army and Law and Order Trust Funds be fully financed, that support be maintained for the Afghan Reconstruction Trust Fund, and that resources continue to be provided for the projects conducted by our military units and PRT�s at local levels.

当然，还必须为阿富汗的努力提供足够的财政资源，各国兑现经济发展援助的承诺，为阿富汗国民军和法律与秩序信托基金提供充分的资金，维持对阿富汗重建信托基金的支持，并继续为我们的军事单位和地方当局开展的项目提供资源，这一点非常重要。

And again I applaud the German Defense Minister�s announcement of additional development aid this morning as well.

我再次对德国国防部长今天上午宣布的额外发展援助表示赞赏。

Of course, just more troops, civilians, dollars and even Euros won�t be enough.

当然，仅仅增加军队、平民、美元甚至欧元是不够的。

As students of history, we are keenly aware that Afghanistan has, over the years, been known as the graveyard of empires.

作为历史专业的学生，​​我们敏锐地意识到，阿富汗多年来一直被称为帝国的墓地。

It is, after all, a country that has never taken kindly to outsiders bent on conquering it.

毕竟，这是一个从来不善待一心要征服它的外来者的国家。

We cannot take that history lightly.

我们不能掉以轻心地对待这段历史。

And our awareness of it should caution us to recognize that, while additional forces are essential, their effectiveness will depend on how they are employed, as that, in turn, will determine how they are seen by the Afghan population.

我们对此的认识应该提醒我们认识到，虽然额外的部队是必要的，但它们的有效性将取决于它们的使用方式，因为这反过来又将决定阿富汗人民如何看待它们。

And what I�d like to discuss next, then, are some of the concepts that our commanders have in mind as plans are refined to employ additional forces.

接下来我想讨论的是我们的指挥官在完善部署额外部队的计划时所想到的一些概念。

I base this on discussions with GEN McKiernan and others who have served in Afghanistan, as well as on lessons learned in recent years.

我的这一观点基于与麦基南将军和其他曾在阿富汗服役的其他人的讨论，以及近年来吸取的经验教训。

I do so with awareness that a number of the elements on the ground are operating along the lines of these ideas -- and that their ability to do so will be enhanced by the increased density on the ground of ISAF and Afghan forces as additional elements deploy to the most challenging areas.

我这样做时意识到，许多实地部队正在按照这些想法开展行动，而且随着更多部队部署到最具挑战性的地区，国际安全援助部队和阿富汗部队在实地的密度增加，他们这样做的能力将会得到增强。

Counterinsurgency operations are, after all, troop intensive.

毕竟，反叛乱行动需要大量兵力。

Finally, I want to underscore the fact that commanders on the ground will, as always, operationalize the so-called big ideas I talked about in ways that are appropriate for their specific situations on the ground.

最后，我想强调一个事实，即实地指挥官将一如既往地以适合其实地具体情况的方式实施我谈到的所谓大想法。

So here are some of those ideas:

以下是其中一些想法：

First and foremost, our forces and those of our Afghan partners have to strive to secure and serve the population.

首先也是最重要的是，我们的部队和我们的阿富汗伙伴的部队必须努力保障人民的安全并为其服务。

We have to recognize that the Afghan people are the decisive �Terrain.� And together with our Afghan partners, we have to work to provide the people security, to give them respect, to gain their support, and to facilitate the provision of basic services, the development of the Afghan Security Forces in the area, the promotion of local economic development, and the establishment of governance that includes links to the traditional leaders in society and is viewed as legitimate in the eyes of the people.

我们必须认识到阿富汗人民是决定性的“领土”。我们必须与我们的阿富汗伙伴一起努力为人民提供安全，给予他们尊重，获得他们的支持，并促进提供基本服务、阿富汗安全部队在该地区的发展、促进当地经济发展以及建立包括与社会传统领导人联系并在人民眼中被视为合法的治理。

Securing and serving the people requires that our forces be good neighbors.

保障人民安全、服务人民，要求我们的军队做好邻居。

While it may be less culturally acceptable to live among the people in certain parts of Afghanistan than it was in Iraq, it is necessary to locate Afghan and ISAF forces where they can establish a persistent security presence.

虽然与伊拉克相比，生活在阿富汗某些地区的人们在文化上可能不太容易接受，但有必要将阿富汗和国际安全援助部队部署在能够建立持久安全存在的地方。

You can�t commute to work in the conduct of counterinsurgency operations.

在开展反叛乱行动时，您无法通勤上班。

Positioning outposts and patrol bases, then, requires careful thought, consultation with local leaders, and the establishment of good local relationships to be effective.

因此，哨所和巡逻基地的定位需要深思熟虑，与当地领导人协商，并与当地建立良好的关系，才能发挥作用。

Positioning near those we and our Afghan partners are helping to secure also enables us to understand the neighborhood.

靠近我们和我们的阿富汗合作伙伴正在帮助保护的地区也使我们能够了解周边地区。

A nuanced appreciation of local situations is essential.

对当地情况的细致了解至关重要。

Leaders and troopers have to understand the tribal structures, the power brokers, the good guys and the bad guys, local cultures and history, and how systems are supposed to work and how they do work.

领导者和士兵必须了解部落结构、权力掮客、好人和坏人、当地文化和历史，以及系统应该如何运作以及它们如何运作。

This requires listening and being respectful of local elders and mullahs, of farmers and shopkeepers � and it also requires, of course, many cups of tea.

这需要倾听并尊重当地的长辈和毛拉、农民和店主——当然，还需要喝很多杯茶。

It is also essential that we achieve unity of effort, that we coordinate and synchronize the actions of all ISAF and Afghan forces -- and those of our Pakistani partners across the border -- and that we do the same with the actions of our embassy and international partners, our Afghan counterparts, local governmental leaders, and international and non-governmental organizations.

同样重要的是，我们必须齐心协力，协调和同步所有国际安全援助部队和阿富汗部队以及我们边境另一边的巴基斯坦伙伴的行动，并且我们对我们的大使馆和国际伙伴、阿富汗对应方、地方政府领导人以及国际和非政府组织的行动也采取同样的做法。

Working to a common purpose is essential in the conduct of counterinsurgency operations.

为实现共同目标而努力对于开展反叛乱行动至关重要。

We also, in support of and in coordination with our Afghan partners, need to help promote local reconciliation, although this has to be done very carefully and in accordance with the established principles in the Afghan constitution.

我们还需要支持并与我们的阿富汗伙伴协调，帮助促进当地和解，尽管这必须非常谨慎地进行，并符合阿富汗宪法的既定原则。

In concert with and in support of our Afghan partners, we need to identify and separate the �irreconcilables� from the �reconcilables� striving to create the conditions that can make the reconcilables part of the solution instead of a continuing part of the problem, even as we kill, capture, or run off the irreconcilables.

与我们的阿富汗伙伴合作并支持他们，我们需要找出“不可调和的因素”并将其与“不可调和的因素”分开，努力创造条件，使不可调和的因素成为解决方案的一部分，而不是问题的持续部分，即使我们杀死、捕获或逃走不可调和的因素。

In fact, programs already exist in this area and careful application of them will be essential in the effort to fracture and break off elements of the insurgency in order to get various groups to put down their weapons and support the legitimate government and constitution of Afghanistan.

事实上，这一领域已经存在一些计划，认真实施这些计划对于瓦解叛乱分子、促使各团体放下武器并支持阿富汗的合法政府和宪法至关重要。

Having said that, we must pursue the enemy tenaciously.

话虽如此，我们还是要顽强地追击敌人。

True irreconcilables, again, must be killed, captured, or driven out of the area.

再次，真正的不可调和的人必须被杀死、捕获或赶出该地区。

And we cannot shrink from that any more than we can shrink from being willing to support Afghan reconciliation with those elements that show a willingness to reject the insurgents and help Afghan and ISAF forces.

我们不能回避这一点，就像我们不能回避支持阿富汗和解，那些愿意拒绝叛乱分子并帮助阿富汗和国际安全援助部队的人一样。

To ensure that the gains achieved endure, ISAF and Afghan forces have to hold areas that have been cleaned.

为了确保所取得的成果能够持续下去，国际安全援助部队和阿富汗部队必须守住已被清理的地区。

Once we fight to clear and secure an area, we must ensure that it is retained.

一旦我们努力清理并确保一个地区的安全，我们就必须确保保留该地区。

The people � and local security forces -- need to know that we will not abandon them.

人民和当地安全部队需要知道我们不会抛弃他们。

Additionally, we should look for ways to give local citizens a stake in the success of the local security effort and in the success of the new Afghanistan more broadly as well.

此外，我们应该寻找方法，让当地公民从当地安全努力的成功以及新阿富汗更广泛的成功中获益。

To this end, a reformed, capable Afghan National Police force -- with the necessary support from the international community and the alliance -- is imperative to ensuring the ability to protect the population.

为此，在国际社会和联盟的必要支持下，必须建立一支经过改革、有能力的阿富汗国家警察部队，以确保有能力保护民众。

And the new Afghan Population Protection Program announced by MOI Atmar holds considerable promise and deserves our support as well.

阿特马尔内政部宣布的新的阿富汗人口保护计划前景广阔，也值得我们支持。

On a related note, to help increase the legitimacy of the Afghan government, we need to help our Afghan partners give the people a reason to support the government and their local authorities.

与此相关的是，为了帮助提高阿富汗政府的合法性，我们需要帮助我们的阿富汗合作伙伴给人民一个支持政府及其地方当局的理由。

This includes helping enable Afghan solutions to Afghan problems.

这包括帮助阿富汗解决阿富汗问题。

And on a related note, given the importance of Afghan solutions and governance being viewed as legitimate by the people and in view of allegations of corruption, such efforts likely should feature support for what might be called an �Afghan accountability offensive� as well.

与此相关的是，鉴于阿富汗解决方案和治理被人民视为合法的重要性，并考虑到腐败指控，此类努力可能还应支持所谓的“阿富汗问责攻势”。

That will be an important effort.

这将是一项重要的努力。

In all that we do is we perform various missions, we need to live our values.

我们所做的一切就是履行各种使命，我们需要践行我们的价值观。

While our forces should not hesitate to engage and destroy an enemy, our troopers must also stay true to the values we hold dear.

虽然我们的军队应该毫不犹豫地与敌人交战并消灭敌人，但我们的士兵也必须忠于我们所珍视的价值观。

This is, after all, an important element that distinguishes us from the enemy, and it manifests itself in many ways, including making determined efforts to reduce to the absolute minimum civilian casualties � an effort furthered significantly by the recent tactical direction and partnering initiatives developed by General McKiernan with our Afghan counterparts.

毕竟，这是我们区别于敌人的一个重要因素，它体现在很多方面，包括坚决努力将平民伤亡减少到绝对最低限度——麦基南将军最近与我们的阿富汗同行制定的战术方向和合作倡议大大推动了这一努力。

We must also strive to be first with the truth.

我们还必须努力以真理为先。

We need to beat the insurgents and extremists to the headlines and to pre-empt rumors.

我们需要让叛乱分子和极端分子成为头条新闻并预防谣言。

We can only do that by getting accurate information to the chain of command to our Afghan partners, and to the press as soon as is possible.

我们只能通过尽快向我们的阿富汗合作伙伴和媒体的指挥系统提供准确的信息来做到这一点。

Integrity is critical to this fight.

诚信对于这场斗争至关重要。

Thus, when situations are bad, we should freely acknowledge that fact and avoid temptations to spin.

因此，当情况不好时，我们应该坦然承认这一事实，避免被诱惑。

Rather we should describe the set-backs and failures we suffer and then state what we have learned from them and how we�ll adjust to reduce the chances of similar events in the future.

相反，我们应该描述我们遭受的挫折和失败，然后说明我们从中学到了什么，以及我们将如何调整以减少未来发生类似事件的可能性。

Finally, we must always strive to learn and adapt.

最后，我们必须始终努力学习和适应。

The situation in Afghanistan has changed significantly in the past several years and it continues to evolve.

过去几年，阿富汗局势发生了重大变化，而且还在继续演变。

This makes it incumbent on us to assess the situation continually and to adjust our plans, operations, and tactics as required.

这使得我们有责任不断评估形势并根据需要调整我们的计划、行动和策略。

We should share good ideas and best practices, but we should also never forget that what works in one area today may not work there tomorrow, and that what works in an area may not work in another area either.

我们应该分享好的想法和最佳实践，但我们也不应该忘记，今天在一个领域有效的方法可能在明天就不再有效，在一个领域有效的方法也可能在另一个领域无效。

In conclusion, allow me to reiterate the key points I�ve sought to make.

最后，请允许我重申我试图提出的要点。

We have a hugely important interest in ensuring that Afghanistan does not once again become a sanctuary for trans-national extremists.

确保阿富汗不再成为跨国极端分子的庇护所符合我们的重大利益。

Achieving that core objective, in turn, requires the accomplishment of several other significant tasks.

反过来，实现这一核心目标需要完成其他几项重要任务。

Although there have been impressive achievements in Afghanistan since 2001, the security situation has deteriorated markedly in certain areas in the past two years.

尽管阿富汗自2001年以来取得了令人瞩目的成就，但近两年来某些地区的安全局势明显恶化。

Reversing that trend is necessary to improve security for the population, to permit the conduct of free and fair elections in August, and to enable progress in other important areas.

必须扭转这一趋势，以改善人民的安全，允许在八月份举行自由和公正的选举，并在其他重要领域取得进展。

Achieving security improvements will require more ISAF and Afghan security forces of all types -- combat, combat support, logistics, trainers and advisors, special operations, and so on.

实现安全改善将需要更多的国际安全援助部队和阿富汗各类安全部队——战斗、战斗支援、后勤、训练员和顾问、特种作战部队等。

Some additional forces are already deploying, further increases have been ordered or pledged, and more are under discussion.

一些额外的部队已经在部署，进一步增加的部队已经下令或承诺，更多的部队正在讨论中。

To be effective, the additional military forces will need to be employed in accordance with counterinsurgency concepts applied by leaders who have a nuanced understanding of their areas of operation.

为了发挥作用，额外的军事力量需要根据对其行动领域有细致了解的领导人所采用的反叛乱概念来使用。

And to complement and capitalize on the increased military resources, more civilian assets, adequate financial resources, close civil-military cooperation, and a comprehensive approach that encompasses regional states will be necessary.

为了补充和利用增加的军事资源、更多的民用资产、充足的财政资源、密切的军民合作以及涵盖地区国家的全面方法，这是必要的。

None of this will be easy.

这一切都不容易。

Indeed, as Vice President Biden observed recently after a trip to Afghanistan, Afghanistan will likely get harder before it gets easier.

事实上，正如副总统拜登最近在访问阿富汗后观察到的那样，阿富汗在变得容易之前可能会变得更加困难。

And sustained progress will require sustained commitment.

持续的进步需要持续的承诺。

But our objectives are of enormous importance.

但我们的目标非常重要。

A significant opportunity is at hand, and we all need to summon the will and the resources necessary to make the most of it.

一个重要的机会就在眼前，我们都需要拿出必要的意志和资源来充分利用它。

Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

Book/CDs by Michael E.

Michael E. 的书籍/CD

Eidenmuller, Published by McGraw-Hill (2008) 1 Strictly, "Secretary of State for Defence." The post of "Minister of Defence" was abolished in 1964.

Eidenmuller，McGraw-Hill 出版 (2008) 1 Strictly，“国防部长”。 1964年，“国防部长”一职被废除。

At the time of the speech, the Minister of Defence was John Hutton .

发表讲话时的国防部长是约翰·赫顿。

The speech to which General Petraeus refers appears here .

彼得雷乌斯将军提到的演讲出现在这里。

Audio and Image (credit Sebastian Zwez) Source : http://www.securityconference.de/ Page Updated : 1/23/22 U.S. Copyright Status : Text = Public domain.

音频和图像（由 Sebastian Zwez 提供）来源：http://www.securityconference.de/ 页面更新日期：22 年 1 月 23 日美国版权状态：文本 = 公共领域。

Audio = Uncertain.

音频 = 不确定。

Image = German Creative Common License 3.0

图片=德国知识共享许可证3.0

� Copyright 2001-Present.

� 版权所有 2001 年至今。

American Rhetoric.

美国修辞学。