Speech on Ending His 25 Day Fast -- Cesar Estrada Chavez
Paper prepared by Mr. Chavez and presented in March 1968, Second Annual Mexican Conference in Sacramento, California
论文由查韦斯先生编写并于 1968 年 3 月在加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托举行的第二届墨西哥年度会议上发表
The place to begin is with our own experience with the Church in the strike that has gone on for thirty-one months in Delano.
首先是我们在德拉诺持续了三十一个月的罢工中与教会的经历。
For in Delano the Church has been involved with the poor in a unique way that should stand as a symbol to other communities.
因为在德拉诺，教会以一种独特的方式参与穷人的活动，这种方式应该成为其他社区的象征。
Of course, when we refer to the Church we should define the word a little.
当然，当我们提到教会时，我们应该稍微定义一下这个词。
We mean the whole Church, the Church as an ecumenical body spread around the world, and not just its particular form in a parish in a local community.
我们指的是整个教会，教会作为一个遍布世界各地的普世团体，而不仅仅是其在当地社区教区的特殊形式。
The Church we are talking about is a tremendously powerful institution in our society, and in the world.
我们所谈论的教会是我们社会和世界上一个非常强大的机构。
That Church is one form of the Presence of God on Earth, and so naturally it is powerful.
那个教会是上帝在地球上存在的一种形式，因此它自然是强大的。
It is powerful by definition.
从定义上来说，它是强大的。
It is a powerful moral and spiritual force which cannot be ignored by any movement.
这是任何运动都无法忽视的强大道德和精神力量。
Furthermore, it is an organization with tremendous wealth.
而且，它还是一个拥有巨大财富的组织。
Since the Church is to be servant to the poor, it is our fault if that wealth is not channeled to help the poor in our world.
既然教会是穷人的仆人，如果财富没有被用来帮助我们世界上的穷人，那就是我们的错。
In a small way we have been able, in the Delano strike, to work together with the Church in such a way as to bring some of its moral and economic power to bear on those who want to maintain the status quo, keeping farm workers in virtual enslavement.
在德拉诺罢工中，我们在某种程度上与教会合作，利用教会的一些道德和经济力量来对付那些想要维持现状的人，使农场工人实际上处于奴役状态。
In brief, here is what happened in Delano.
简而言之，这就是德拉诺发生的事情。
Some years ago, when some of us were working with the Community Service Organization, we began to realize the powerful effect which the Church can have on the conscience of the opposition.
几年前，当我们中的一些人与社区服务组织合作时，我们开始意识到教会可以对反对派的良心产生强大的影响。
In scattered instances, in San Jose, Sacramento, Oakland, Los Angeles and other places, priests would speak out loudly and clearly against specific instances of oppression, and in some cases, stand with the people who were being hurt.
在圣何塞、萨克拉门托、奥克兰、洛杉矶等地的零星事件中，牧师们会大声而明确地反对具体的压迫事件，并在某些情况下与受到伤害的人站在一起。
Furthermore, a small group of priests, Frs.
此外，一小群神父，神父。
McDonald, McCollough, Duggan and others, began to pinpoint attention on the terrible situation of the farm workers in our state.
麦克唐纳、麦考洛、杜根等人开始关注我们州农场工人的可怕处境。
At about that same time, we began to run into the California Migrant Ministry in the camps and field.
大约在同一时间，我们开始在营地和野外遇到加州移民部。
They were about the only ones there, and a lot of us were very suspicious, since we were Catholics and they were Protestants.
他们是那里唯一的人，我们很多人都非常怀疑，因为我们是天主教徒，他们是新教徒。
However, they had developed a very clear conception of the Church.
然而，他们对教会形成了非常清晰的概念。
It was called to serve, to be at the mercy of the poor, and not to try to use them.
它的使命是服务穷人，任由穷人摆布，而不是试图利用他们。
After a while this made a lot of sense to us, and we began to find ourselves working side by side with them.
一段时间后，这对我们来说很有意义，我们开始发现自己与他们并肩工作。
In fact, it forced us to raise the question why our Church was not doing the same.
事实上，它迫使我们提出一个问题：为什么我们的教会没有这样做。
We would ask, why do the Protestants come out here and help the people, demand nothing, and give all their time to serving farm workers, while our own parish priests stay in their churches, where only a few people come, and usually feel uncomfortable?
我们会问，为什么新教徒来到这里帮助人民，不求任何东西，把所有的时间都花在为农场工人服务上，而我们自己的教区牧师却留在教堂里，那里只有很少的人来，通常会感到不舒服？
It was not until some of us moved to Delano and began working to build the National Farm Workers Association that we really saw how far removed from the people the parish Church was.
直到我们中的一些人搬到德拉诺并开始致力于建立全国农场工人协会时，我们才真正看到教区教堂与人民的距离有多远。
In fact, we could not get any help at all from the priests of Delano.
事实上，我们根本无法从德拉诺的祭司那里得到任何帮助。
When the strike began, they told us we could not even use the Churches auditorium for the meetings.
罢工开始时，他们告诉我们甚至不能使用教堂礼堂开会。
The farm workers money helped build that auditorium!
农场工人的钱帮助建造了那个礼堂！
But the Protestants were there again, in the form of the California Migrant Ministry, and they began to help in little ways, here and there.
但新教徒以加州移民部的形式再次出现，他们开始到处提供一些小帮助。
When the strike started in 1965, most of our friends forsook us for a while.
1965年罢工开始时，我们的大多数朋友都暂时离开了我们。
They ran- or were just too busy to help.
他们跑了——或者只是太忙了，没时间帮忙。
But the California Migrant Ministry held a meeting with its staff and decided that the strike was a matter of life or death for farm workers everywhere, and that even if it meant the end of the Migrant Ministry they would turn over their resources to the strikers.
但加州移民部召开了一次员工会议，决定罢工对各地农场工人来说是生死攸关的问题，即使这意味着移民部的终结，他们也会将资源移交给罢工者。
The political pressure on the Protestant Churches was tremendous and the Migrant Ministry lost a lot of money.
新教教会面临巨大的政治压力，移民部损失了大量资金。
But they stuck it out, and they began to point the way to the rest of the Church.
但他们坚持了下来，并开始为教会的其他成员指明道路。
In fact, when 30 of the strikers were arrested for shouting Huelga , 11 ministers went to jail with them.
事实上，当 30 名罢工者因高喊“韦尔加”而被捕时，11 名部长与他们一起入狱。
They were in Delano that day at the request of Chris Hartmire, director of the California Migrant Ministry.
那天，他们是应加州移民部主任克里斯·哈特米尔的要求来到德拉诺的。
Then the workers began to raise the question: why ministers?
然后工人们开始提出问题：为什么是部长？
Why not priests?
为什么不是牧师？
What does the Bishop say?
主教说什么？
But the Bishop said nothing.
但主教什么也没说。
But slowly the pressure of the people grew and grew, until finally we have in Delano a priest sent by the new Bishop, Timothy Manning, who is there to help minister to the needs of farm workers.
但慢慢地，人们的压力越来越大，直到最后我们在德拉诺找到了一位由新主教蒂莫西·曼宁派来的牧师，他在那里帮助满足农场工人的需要。
His name is Father Mark Day and he is the Unions chaplain.
他的名字叫马克·戴神父，是联盟的牧师。
Finally, our own Catholic Church has decided to recognize that we have our won peculiar needs, just as the growers have theirs.
最后，我们自己的天主教会决定承认我们有我们自己的特殊需求，就像种植者有他们的需求一样。
But outside of the local diocese, the pressure built up on growers to negotiate was tremendous.
但在当地教区之外，种植者面临的谈判压力是巨大的。
Though we were not allowed to have our own priest, the power of the ecumenical body of the Church was tremendous.
尽管我们不被允许拥有自己的牧师，但教会普世团体的权力是巨大的。
The work of the Church, for example, in the Schenley, Di Giorgio, Perelly-Minetti strikes was fantastic.
例如，教会在申利、迪乔治、佩雷利-米内蒂罢工中所做的工作非常出色。
They applied pressure- and they mediated.
他们施加压力并进行调解。
When poor people get involved in a long conflict, such as a strike, or a civil rights drive, and the pressure increases each day, there is a deep need for spiritual advice.
当穷人卷入长期冲突（例如罢工或民权运动）并且压力与日俱增时，他们就迫切需要精神建议。
Without it we see families crumble, leadership weaken, and hard workers grow tired.
没有它，我们就会看到家庭崩溃、领导力削弱、努力工作的人变得疲倦。
And in such a situation the spiritual advice must be given by a friend, not by the opposition.
在这种情况下，精神建议必须由朋友而不是反对者提供。
What sense does it make to go to Mass on Sunday and reach out for spiritual help, and instead get sermons about the wickedness of your cause?
周日去参加弥撒寻求精神帮助，却听到关于你事业邪恶的布道，这有什么意义呢？
That only drives one to question and to despair.
这只会让人产生疑问和绝望。
The growers in Delano have their spiritual problems...
德拉诺的种植者有他们的精神问题......
we do not deny that.
我们并不否认这一点。
They have every right to have priests and ministers who serve their needs.
他们完全有权拥有满足他们需要的牧师和牧师。
But we have different needs, and so we needed a friendly spiritual guide .
但我们有不同的需求，所以我们需要一个友好的精神导师。
And this is true in every community in this state where the poor face tremendous problems.
在这个州的每个社区都是如此，那里的穷人面临着巨大的问题。
But the opposition raises a tremendous howl about this.
但反对派对此表示强烈抗议。
They don't want us to have our spiritual advisors, friendly to our needs.
他们不希望我们有对我们的需求友好的精神顾问。
Why is this?
这是为什么呢？
Why indeed except that THERE IS TREMENDOUS SPIRITUAL AND ECONOMIC POWER IN THE CHURCH.
确实，除了教会拥有巨大的精神和经济力量之外。
The rich know it, and for that reason they choose to keep it from the people.
富人知道这一点，因此他们选择不让人们知道。
The leadership of the Mexican-American Community must admit that we have fallen far short in our task of helping provide spiritual guidance for our people.
墨西哥裔美国人社区的领导层必须承认，我们在帮助为我们的人民提供精神指导的任务方面还远远不够。
We may say, I dont feel any such need.
我们可能会说，我不觉得有任何这样的需要。
I can get along.
我可以相处。
But that is a poor excuse for not helping provide such help for others.
但这是不为他人提供此类帮助的糟糕借口。
For we can also say, I dont need any welfare help.
因为我们也可以说，我不需要任何福利帮助。
I can take care of my own problems But we are all willing to fight like hell for welfare aid for those who truly need it, who would starve without it.
我可以解决自己的问题，但我们都愿意拼尽全力为那些真正需要福利的人争取福利援助，没有福利他们就会挨饿。
Likewise we may have gotten an education and not care about scholarship money for ourselves, or our children.
同样，我们可能已经接受了教育，但并不关心我们自己或我们的孩子的奖学金。
But we would, we should, fight like hell to see to it that our state provides aid for any child needing it so that he can get the education he desires.
但我们会、我们应该拼尽全力，确保我们的国家为任何需要帮助的孩子提供援助，以便他能够获得他想要的教育。
Likewise we can say we don't need the Church.
同样，我们可以说我们不需要教会。
That is our business.
这是我们的事。
But there are hundreds of thousands of our people who desperately need some help from that powerful institution, the Church, and we are foolish not to help them get it.
但我们有成千上万的人民迫切需要教会这一强大机构的帮助，而我们不帮助他们获得帮助是愚蠢的。
For example, the Catholic Charities agencies of the Catholic Church has millions of dollars earmarked for the poor.
例如，天主教会的天主教慈善机构专门为穷人提供了数百万美元。
But often the money is spent for food baskets for the needy instead of for effective action to eradicate the causes of poverty.
但这些钱常常被用来为有需要的人提供食品篮，而不是用于消除贫困根源的有效行动。
The men and women who administer this money sincerely want to help their brothers.
管理这笔钱的男男女女真诚地想帮助他们的兄弟。
It should be our duty to help direct the attention to the basic needs of the Mexican-Americans in our society...
我们有责任帮助人们关注我们社会中墨西哥裔美国人的基本需求......
needs which cannot be satisfied with baskets of food, but rather with effective organizing at the grass roots level.
这些需求不能通过一篮子食物来满足，而是通过基层的有效组织来满足。
Therefore, I am calling for Mexican-American groups to stop ignoring this source of power.
因此，我呼吁墨西哥裔美国人团体停止忽视这一权力来源。
It is not just our right to appeal to the Church to use its power effectively for the poor, it is our duty to do so.
呼吁教会有效利用其权力造福穷人不仅是我们的权利，也是我们这样做的责任。
It should be as natural as appealing to government...
这应该像向政府呼吁一样自然......
and we do that often enough.
我们经常这样做。
Furthermore, we should be prepared to come to the defense of that priest, rabbi, minister, or layman of the Church, who out of commitment to truth and justice gets into a tight place with his pastor or bishop.
此外，我们应该准备好为教会的神父、拉比、牧师或平信徒辩护，因为他们出于对真理和正义的承诺而与他的牧师或主教陷入了紧张的关系。
It behooves us to stand with that man and help him see his trial through.
我们有必要与那个人站在一起，帮助他渡过难关。
It is our duty to see to it that his rights of conscience are respected and that no bishop, pastor or other higher body takes that God-given, human right away.
我们有责任确保他的良心权利受到尊重，并且没有主教、牧师或其他更高机构立即夺走上帝赋予的人。
Finally, in a nutshell, what do we want the Church to do?
最后，简而言之，我们希望教会做什么？
We dont ask for more cathedrals.
我们不要求更多的大教堂。
We dont ask for bigger churches of fine gifts.
我们不要求更大的教堂并提供精美的礼物。
We ask for its presence with us, beside us, as Christ among us.
我们祈求它与我们同在，在我们身边，就像基督在我们中间一样。
We ask the Church to sacrifice with the people for social change, for justice, and for love of brother.
我们要求教会与人民一起为社会变革、正义和兄弟之爱做出牺牲。
We dont ask for words.
我们不要求言语。
We ask for deeds.
我们要求行动。
We dont ask for paternalism.
我们不要求家长作风。
We ask for servanthood.
我们要求仆人的服侍。
More Information : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesar_Chavez
更多信息：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesar_Chavez
United Farm Workers : http://www.ufw.org/
联合农场工人：http://www.ufw.org/
Permission Request Contact Information :
许可请求联系信息：
Beatriz Beltran, Office Manager and Executive Assistant Cesar E.
Beatriz Beltran，办公室经理兼执行助理 Cesar E.
Chavez Foundation 500 North Brand Boulevard Suite 1650 Glendale, CA 91203 Phone: 818-265-0300 E-mail: bbeltran@cecfmail.org URL: http://www.chavezfoundation.org/
查韦斯基金会 500 North Brand Boulevard Suite 1650 Glendale, CA 91203 电话：818-265-0300 电子邮件：bbeltran@cecfmail.org 网址：http://www.chavezfoundation.org/
� Copyright 2001-Present.
� 版权所有 2001 年至今。
American Rhetoric.
美国修辞学。