League of Nations Final Address -- Thomas Woodrow Wilson
Final Address in Support of the League of Nations
支持国际联盟的最后讲话
It is with a great deal of genuine pleasure that I find myself in Pueblo, and I feel it a compliment that I should be permitted to be the first speaker in this beautiful hall.
我非常高兴来到普韦布洛，并且我觉得我被允许成为这个美丽大厅的第一位演讲者是一种恭维。
One of the advantages of this hall, as I look about, is that you are not too far away from me, because there is nothing so reassuring to men who are trying to express the public sentiment as getting into real personal contact with their fellow citizens.
当我环顾四周时，这个大厅的优点之一就是你离我不太远，因为对于那些试图表达公众情绪的人来说，没有什么比与同胞进行真正的个人接触更令人安心的了。
I have gained a renewed impression as I have crossed the continent this time of the homogeneity of this great people to whom we belong.
这次穿越非洲大陆时，我对我们所属的这个伟大民族的同质性有了新的印象。
They come from many stocks, but they are all of one kind.
它们来自多种股票，但都是一种。
They come from many origins, but they are all shot through with the same principles and desire the same righteous and honest things.
他们来自不同的出身，但都具有相同的原则，都渴望相同的正义和诚实的事物。
I have received a more inspiring impression this time of the public opinion of the United States than it was ever my privilege to receive before.
这次我对美国舆论的印象比以往任何时候都更加鼓舞人心。
The chief pleasure of my trip has been that it has nothing to do with my personal fortunes, that it has nothing to do with my personal reputation, that it has nothing to do with anything except great principles uttered by Americans of all sorts and of all parties which we are now trying to realize at this crisis of the affairs of the world.
我此行的主要乐趣在于，它与我个人的命运无关，与我个人的名誉无关，除了我们现在正努力在世界事务危机中实现的各种美国人和各方提出的伟大原则之外，与其他任何事情都无关。
But there have been unpleasant impressions as well as pleasant impressions, my fellow citizens, as I have crossed the continent.
但是，我的同胞们，在我穿越非洲大陆的过程中，既有令人愉快的印象，也有不愉快的印象。
I have perceived more and more that men have been busy creating an absolutely false impression of what the treaty of peace and the Covenant of the League of Nations contain and mean.
我越来越认识到，人们一直在忙于对和平条约和国际联盟盟约的内容和含义制造绝对错误的印象。
I find, moreover, that there is an organized propaganda against the League of Nations and against the treaty proceeding from exactly the same sources that the organized propaganda proceeded from which threatened this country here and there with disloyalty, and I want to say -- I cannot say too often -- any man who carries a hyphen about with him carries a dagger that he is ready to plunge into the vitals of this Republic whenever he gets ready.
此外，我发现，存在着反对国际联盟和反对条约的有组织宣传，其来源与到处威胁这个国家的有组织宣传的来源完全相同，我想说——我不能经常说——任何随身携带连字符的人都携带一把匕首，只要他准备好，他就准备好刺入这个共和国的要害。
If I can catch any man with a hyphen in this great contest I will know that I have got an enemy of the Republic.
如果我能在这场伟大的比赛中抓住任何带有连字符的人，我就会知道我遇到了共和国的敌人。
My fellow citizens, it is only certain bodies of foreign sympathies, certain bodies of sympathy with foreign nations that are organized against this great document which the American representatives have brought back from Paris.
我的同胞们，只有某些外国同情团体、某些外国同情团体才组织起来反对美国代表从巴黎带回的这份伟大文件。
Therefore, in order to clear away the mists, in order to remove the impressions, in order to check the falsehoods that have clustered around this great subject, I want to tell you a few very simple things about the treaty and the Covenant.
因此，为了拨开迷雾，为了消除印象，为了查清围绕这个伟大主题的谎言，我想告诉你们一些关于条约和盟约的非常简单的事情。
Do not think of this treaty of peace as merely a settlement with Germany.
不要认为这项和平条约仅仅是与德国的和解。
It is that.
就是这样。
It is a very severe settlement with Germany, but there is not anything in it that she did not earn.
这是与德国达成的一项非常严厉的和解协议，但其中没有任何东西不是她赚来的。
Indeed, she earned more than she can ever be able to pay for, and the punishment exacted of her is not a punishment greater than she can bear, and it is absolutely necessary in order that no other nation may ever plot such a thing against humanity and civilization.
事实上，她赚到的钱远远超过了她所能支付的，对她施加的惩罚也不是她所能承受的更大的惩罚，这是绝对必要的，以便任何其他国家都不会策划这样的反人类和文明的事情。
But the treaty is so much more than that.
但该条约的意义远不止于此。
It is not merely a settlement with Germany; it is a readjustment of those great injustices which underlie the whole structure of European and Asiatic society.
这不仅是与德国的和解，也是与德国的和解。这是对欧洲和亚洲社会整个结构中那些巨大不公正现象的重新调整。
This is only the first of several treaties.
这只是几项条约中的第一项。
They are all constructed upon the same plan.
它们都是按照相同的计划建造的。
The Austrian treaty follows the same lines.
奥地利条约也遵循同样的思路。
The treaty with Hungary follows the same lines.
与匈牙利的条约也遵循同样的方针。
The treaty with Bulgaria follows the same lines.
与保加利亚的条约也遵循同样的方针。
The treaty with Turkey, when it is formulated, will follow the same lines.
与土耳其的条约制定后也将遵循同样的方针。
What are those lines?
这些线条是什么？
They are based upon the purpose to see that every government dealt with in this great settlement is put in the hands of the people and taken out of the hands of coteries and of sovereigns who had no right to rule over the people.
它们的目的是确保在这一伟大解决方案中处理的每个政府都被置于人民手中，并从无权统治人民的小集团和主权者手中被夺走。
It is a people�s treaty that accomplishes by a great sweep of practical justice the liberation of men who never could have liberated themselves, and the power of the most powerful nations has been devoted not to their aggrandizement but to the liberation of people whom they could have put under their control if they had chosen to do so.
这是一项人民条约，通过全面的实际正义，实现了那些永远无法解放自己的人们的解放，而最强大国家的力量并不是用于扩张自己的领土，而是用于解放那些如果他们愿意的话本可以置于其控制之下的人民。
Not one foot of territory is demanded by the conquerors, not one single item of submission to their authority is demanded by them.
征服者不要求任何一英尺的领土，不要求任何一项服从他们的权威。
The men who sat around that table in Paris knew that the time had come when the people were no longer going to consent to live under masters, but were going to live the lives that they chose themselves, to live under such governments as they chose themselves to erect.
坐在巴黎那张桌子周围的人们知道，人民不再同意生活在主人的统治下，而是要过他们自己选择的生活，生活在他们选择自己建立的政府之下的时代已经到来。
That is the fundamental principle of this great settlement.
这是这一伟大解决方案的基本原则。
And we did not stop with that.
我们并没有就此止步。
We added a great international charter for the rights of labor.
我们为劳工权利添加了一项伟大的国际宪章。
Reject this treaty, impair it, and this is the consequence to the laboring men of the world, that there is no international tribunal which can bring the moral judgments of the world to bear upon the great labor questions of the day.
拒绝这项条约，损害它，这就是对世界劳动者的后果，因为没有一个国际法庭能够对当今伟大的劳动问题进行世界的道德判断。
What we need to do with regard to the labor questions of the day, my fellow countrymen, is to lift them into the light, is to lift them out of the haze and distraction of passion, of hostility, out into the calm spaces where men look at things without passion.
我的同胞们，关于当今的劳工问题，我们需要做的就是将它们带入光明之中，将它们从激情和敌意的阴霾和干扰中带出来，进入人们冷静地看待事物的平静空间。
The more men you get into a great discussion the more you exclude passion.
参与激烈讨论的人越多，你就越排除激情。
Just so soon as the calm judgment of the world is directed upon the question of justice to labor, labor is going to have a forum such as it never was supplied with before, and men everywhere are going to see that the problem of labor is nothing more nor less than the problem of the elevation of humanity.
一旦世界的冷静判断指向劳动正义问题，劳动就会拥有一个前所未有的论坛，世界各地的人们就会看到劳动问题只不过是人性提升的问题。
We must see that all the questions which have disturbed the world, all the questions which have eaten into the confidence of men toward their governments, all the questions which have disturbed the processes of industry, shall be brought out where men of all points of view, men of all attitudes of mind, men of all kinds of experience, may contribute their part to the settlement of the great questions which we must settle and cannot ignore.
我们必须看到，所有扰乱世界的问题、所有侵蚀人们对政府信心的问题、所有扰乱工业进程的问题，都将被提出来，让持各种观点的人、持各种心态的人、具有各种经验的人，为解决我们必须解决、不能忽视的重大问题作出自己的贡献。
At the front of this great treaty is put the Covenant of the League of Nations.
在这个伟大条约的前面是《国际联盟盟约》。
It will also be at the front of the Austrian treaty and the Hungarian treaty and the Bulgarian treaty and the treaty with Turkey.
它还将位于奥地利条约、匈牙利条约、保加利亚条约以及与土耳其条约的前面。
Every one of them will contain the Covenant of the League of Nations, because you cannot work any of them without the Covenant of the League of Nations.
它们中的每一个都将包含国际联盟盟约，因为没有国际联盟盟约，你就无法在其中任何一个上工作。
Unless you get the united, concerted purpose and power of the great Governments of the world behind this settlement, it will fall down like a house of cards.
除非世界各国政府有统一、一致的目标和力量支持这一解决方案，否则它就会像纸牌屋一样倒塌。
There is only one power to put behind the liberation of mankind, and that is the power of mankind.
人类解放的力量只有一种，那就是人类的力量。
It is the power of the united moral forces of the world, and in the Covenant of the League of Nations the moral forces of the world are mobilized.
它是全世界联合起来的道义力量的力量，而在《国联盟约》中，全世界的道义力量都被动员起来。
For what purpose?
出于什么目的？
Reflect, my fellow citizens, that the membership of this great League is going to include all the great fighting nations of the world, as well as the weak ones.
我的同胞们，请思考一下，这个伟大联盟的成员将包括世界上所有伟大的战斗国家，以及弱国。
It is not for the present going to include Germany, but for the time being Germany is not a great fighting country.
目前不会包括德国，但目前德国还不是一个伟大的战斗国家。
All the nations that have power that can be mobilized are going to be members of this League, including the United States.
所有拥有可以动员力量的国家都将成为这个联盟的成员，包括美国。
And what do they unite for?
他们团结起来是为了什么？
They enter into a solemn promise to one another that they will never use their power against one another for aggression; that they never will impair the territorial integrity of a neighbor; that they never will interfere with the political independence of a neighbor; that they will abide by the principle that great populations are entitled to determine their own destiny and that they will not interfere with that destiny; and that no matter what differences arise amongst them they will never resort to war without first having done one or other of two things -- either submitted the matter of controversy to arbitration, in which case they agree to abide by the result without question, or submitted it to the consideration of the council of the League of Nations, laying before that council all the documents, all the facts, agreeing that the council can publish the documents and the facts to the whole world, agreeing that there shall be six months allowed for the mature consideration of those facts by the council, and agreeing that at the expiration of the six months, even if they are not then ready to accept the advice of the council with regard to the settlement of the dispute, they will still not go to war for another three months.
他们彼此庄严承诺，永远不会利用手中的权力进行侵略；他们永远不会损害邻国的领土完整；他们绝不会干涉邻国的政治独立；他们将遵守这样的原则：广大人民有权决定自己的命运，并且他们不会干涉这一命运；无论他们之间出现什么分歧，他们决不会在没有首先做两件事中的一件事或另一件事的情况下诉诸战争——要么将争议问题提交仲裁，在这种情况下，他们同意毫无疑问地遵守结果，要么将其提交国际联盟理事会审议，向该理事会提供所有文件和所有事实，同意理事会可以向全世界公布这些文件和事实，同意理事会有六个月的时间对这些事实进行成熟的审议，并且同意在六个月期满时，即使他们当时还没有准备好接受安理会关于解决争端的建议，他们在接下来的三个月内仍然不会发动战争。
In other words, they consent, no matter what happens, to submit every matter of difference between them to the judgment of mankind, and just so certainly as they do that, my fellow citizens, war will be in the far background, war will be pushed out of that foreground of terror in which it has kept the world for generation after generation, and men will know that there will be a calm time of deliberate counsel.
换句话说，他们同意，无论发生什么，将他们之间的每一个分歧问题提交给人类的判断，我的公民同胞们，当他们这样做时，战争将被抛在遥远的背景中，战争将被从它使世界一代又一代地笼罩在恐怖的前景中被淘汰，人们将知道，将有一个经过深思熟虑的平静时期。
The most dangerous thing for a bad cause is to expose it to the opinion of the world.
对于一个坏事业来说，最危险的事情就是将其暴露给世界舆论。
The most certain way that you can prove that a man is mistaken is by letting all his neighbors know what he thinks, by letting all his neighbors discuss what he thinks, and if he is in the wrong you will notice that he will stay at home, he will not walk on the street.
你能证明一个人错了的最确定的方法就是让他所有的邻居都知道他的想法，让他所有的邻居讨论他的想法，如果他错了，你会注意到他会呆在家里，他不会走在街上。
He will be afraid of the eyes of his neighbors.
他会害怕邻居的目光。
He will be afraid of their judgment of his character.
他会害怕他们对他性格的评价。
He will know that his cause is lost unless he can sustain it by the arguments of right and of justice.
他会知道，除非他能用正义和正义的论据来支持他的事业，否则他的事业就会失败。
The same law that applies to individuals applies to nations.
适用于个人的法律同样适用于国家。
William Borah: Against the League of Nations
威廉·博拉：反对国际联盟
But, you say, �We have heard that we might be at a disadvantage in the League of Nations.� Well, whoever told you that either was deliberately falsifying or he had not read the Covenant of the League of Nations.
但是，你说，“我们听说我们在国际联盟中可能处于劣势。”好吧，无论谁告诉你，要么是故意伪造，要么他没有阅读国际联盟盟约。
I leave him the choice.
我把选择权留给他。
I want to give you a very simple account of the organization of the League of Nations and let you judge for yourselves.
我想给你们简单介绍一下国际联盟的组织，让你们自己判断。
It is a very simple organization.
这是一个非常简单的组织。
The power of the League, or rather the activities of the League, lie in two bodies.
联盟的权力，或者更确切地说，联盟的活动，在于两个机构。
There is the council, which consists of one representative from each of the principal allied and associated powers -- that is to say, the United States, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan, along with four other representatives of smaller powers chosen out of the general body of the membership of the League.
理事会由来自主要盟国和相关国家（即美国、英国、法国、意大利和日本）的一名代表以及从国际联盟全体成员国中选出的其他四名较小国家的代表组成。
The council is the source of every active policy of the League, and no active policy of the League can be adopted without a unanimous vote of the council.
理事会是联盟各项积极政策的来源，联盟的任何积极政策未经理事会一致表决不能通过。
That is explicitly stated in the Covenant itself.
《公约》本身对此有明确规定。
Does it not evidently follow that the League of Nations can adopt no policy whatever without the consent of the United States?
这难道不明显表明，未经美国同意，国际联盟不能采取任何政策吗？
The affirmative vote of the representative of the United States is necessary in every case.
在任何情况下都需要美国代表投赞成票。
Now, you have heard of six votes belonging to the British Empire.
现在，您已经听说过六张选票属于大英帝国。
Those six votes are not in the council.
这六票不在理事会中。
They are in the assembly, and the interesting thing is that the assembly does not vote.
他们在议会中，有趣的是议会不投票。
I must qualify that statement a little, but essentially it is absolutely true.
我必须稍微限定一下这个说法，但本质上它是绝对正确的。
In every matter in which the assembly is given a voice, and there are only four or five, its vote does not count unless concurred in by the representatives of all the nations represented on the council, so that there is no validity to any vote of the assembly unless in that vote also the representative of the United States concurs.
在大会有发言权的每一个事项上，而且只有四五个人，除非得到理事会中所有国家代表的同意，否则其投票无效，因此，除非美国代表也同意，否则大会的任何投票都是无效的。
That one vote of the United States is as big as the six votes of the British Empire.
美国的那一票和大英帝国的六票一样大。
I am not jealous for advantage, my fellow citizens, but I think that is a perfectly safe situation.
我的同胞们，我并不嫉妒优势，但我认为这是一个完全安全的情况。
There is no validity in a vote, either by the council or the assembly, in which we do not concur.
如果我们不同意，无论是理事会还是大会的投票都是无效的。
So much for the statements about the six votes of the British Empire.
关于大英帝国六票的声明就到此为止。
Look at it in another aspect.
从另一个方面来看。
The assembly is the talking body.
大会是说话的机构。
The assembly was created in order that anybody that purposed anything wrong should be subjected to the awkward circumstance that everybody could talk about it.
成立这个大会的目的是为了让任何有错误意图的人都面临每个人都可以谈论它的尴尬境地。
This is the great assembly in which all the things that are likely to disturb the peace of the world or the good understanding between nations are to be exposed to the general view, and I want to ask you if you think it was unjust, unjust to the United States, that speaking parts should be assigned to the several portions of the British Empire?
这是一个伟大的集会，所有可能扰乱世界和平或国家间良好理解的事情都将被暴露在普遍视野中，我想问你是否认为这对美国不公正，不公正，发言权应该分配给大英帝国的几个部分？
Do you think it unjust that there should be some spokesman in debate for that fine little stout Republic down in the Pacific, New Zealand?
你认为在辩论中为太平洋上那个美丽而坚强的新西兰新西兰设立一个发言人是不公平的吗？
Do you think it was unjust that Australia should be allowed to stand up and take part in the debate -- Australia, from which we have learned some of the most useful progressive policies of modern time, a little nation only five million in a great continent, but counting for several times five in its activities and in its interest in liberal reform?
你认为允许澳大利亚站起来参加辩论是不公正的吗？澳大利亚，我们从澳大利亚学到了一些现代最有用的进步政策，一个在大洲上只有五百万人口的小国家，但其活动和对自由改革的兴趣却是五倍之多？
Do you think it unjust that that little Republic down in South Africa, whose gallant resistance to being subjected to any outside authority at all we admired for so many months and whose fortunes we followed with such interest, should have a speaking part?
你认为南非这个小共和国有发言权吗？我们几个月来一直钦佩它勇敢地抵抗任何外部权威，我们如此感兴趣地关注它的命运，但它应该有发言权吗？
Great Britain obliged South Africa to submit to her sovereignty, but she immediately after that felt that it was convenient and right to hand the whole self-government of that colony over to the very men whom she had beaten.
英国迫使南非服从她的主权，但她随后立即感到，将该殖民地的整个自治权交给那些被她击败的人是方便和正确的。
The representatives of South Africa in Paris were two of the most distinguished generals of the Boer Army, two of the realest men I ever met, two men that could talk sober counsel and wise advice, along with the best statesmen in Europe.
南非在巴黎的代表是布尔军中两位最杰出的将军，是我见过的两位最真实的人，两位能够说出清醒的忠告和明智的建议的人，以及欧洲最好的政治家。
To exclude Gen.
排除将军。
Botha and Gen.
博塔和将军。
Smuts from the right to stand up in the parliament of the world and say something concerning the affairs of mankind would be absurd.
站在世界议会中并发表有关人类事务的言论的权利将是荒谬的。
And what about Canada?
那么加拿大呢？
Is not Canada a good neighbor?
加拿大不是一个好邻居吗？
I ask you, is not Canada more likely to agree with the United States than with Great Britain?
我问你，加拿大不是比英国更有可能同意美国吗？
Canada has a speaking part.
加拿大有发言部分。
And then, for the first time in the history of the world, that great voiceless multitude, that throng hundreds of millions strong in India, has a voice, and I want to testify that some of the wisest and most dignified figures in the peace conference at Paris came from India, men who seemed to carry in their minds an older wisdom than the rest of us had, whose traditions ran back into so many of the unhappy fortunes of mankind that they seemed very useful counselors as to how some ray of hope and some prospect of happiness could be opened to its people.
然后，在世界历史上，印度数以亿计的无声大众第一次拥有了发言权，我想证明，巴黎和平会议上一些最明智和最有尊严的人物来自印度，他们的头脑中似乎比我们其他人拥有更古老的智慧，他们的传统与人类的许多不幸命运有关，他们似乎是非常有用的顾问，可以帮助我们了解一些希望和前景。幸福的大门可以向其人民敞开。
I for my part have no jealousy whatever of those five speaking parts in the assembly.
就我而言，我对大会上的五个发言部分没有任何嫉妒。
Those speaking parts cannot translate themselves into five votes that can in any matter override the voice and purpose of the United States.
这些发言部分不能转化为五张选票，在任何情况下都可以凌驾于美国的声音和目的之上。
Let us sweep aside all this language of jealousy.
让我们抛开所有这些嫉妒的语言。
Let us be big enough to know the facts and to welcome the facts, because the facts are based upon the principle that America has always fought for, namely, the equality of self-governing peoples, whether they were big or little -- not counting men, but counting rights, not counting representation, but counting the purpose of that representation.
让我们足够大，了解事实并欢迎事实，因为事实是基于美国一直为之奋斗的原则，即自治人民的平等，无论他们是大还是小——不计算人口，而是计算权利，不计算代表权，而是计算代表权的目的。
When you hear an opinion quoted you do not count the number of persons who hold it; you ask, �Who said that?� You weigh opinions, you do not count them, and the beauty of all democracies is that every voice can be heard, every voice can have its effect, every voice can contribute to the general judgment that is finally arrived at.
当你听到一个观点被引用时，你不会计算持有该观点的人数；你问：“谁说的？”你权衡意见，而不是计算意见，所有民主国家的美妙之处在于，每个声音都可以被听到，每个声音都可以产生效果，每个声音都可以为最终达成的总体判断做出贡献。
That is the object of democracy.
这就是民主的目标。
Let us accept what America has always fought for, and accept it with pride that America showed the way and made the proposal.
让我们接受美国一直以来的奋斗目标，并自豪地接受美国为我们指明了道路并提出了建议。
I do not mean that America made the proposal in this particular instance; I mean that the principle was an American principle, proposed by America.
我并不是说美国在这个特殊情况下提出了这个建议；我的意思是，这个原则是美国原则，是美国提出的。
When you come to the heart of the Covenant, my fellow citizens, you will find it in article 10, and I am very much interested to know that the other things have been blown away like bubbles.
我的同胞们，当你们谈到《公约》的核心时，你们会在第 10 条中找到它，我非常想知道其他内容已经像泡沫一样被吹走了。
There is nothing in the other contentions with regard to the League of Nations, but there is something in article 10 that you ought to realize and ought to accept or reject.
关于国际联盟的其他论点没有什么，但第十条中有一些东西是你应该认识到的，应该接受或拒绝的。
Article 10 is the heart of the whole matter.
第 10 条是整个问题的核心。
What is article 10?
第10条是什么？
I never am certain that I can from memory give a literal repetition of its language, but I am sure that I can give an exact interpretation of its meaning.
我从来不确定我是否可以根据记忆给出其语言的字面重复，但我确信我可以对其含义给出准确的解释。
Article 10 provides that every member of the League covenants to respect and preserve the territorial integrity and existing political independence of every other member of the League as against external aggression.
第10条规定，联盟的每个成员均承诺尊重和维护联盟其他成员的领土完整和现有的政治独立，反对外来侵略。
Not against internal disturbance.
不防内乱。
There was not a man at that table who did not admit the sacredness of the right of self-determination, the sacredness of the right of any body of people to say that they would not continue to live under the Government they were then living under, and under article 11 of the Covenant they are given a place to say whether they will live under it or not.
桌上没有一个人不承认自决权的神圣性，承认任何人民团体有权表示他们不会继续生活在他们当时所生活的政府之下的神圣权利，并且根据《公约》第十一条，他们有机会说出是否愿意生活在政府之下。
For following article 10 is article 11, which makes it the right of any member of the League at any time to call attention to anything, anywhere, that is likely to disturb the peace of the world or the good understanding between nations upon which the peace of the world depends.
因为第10条之后是第11条，该条规定联盟的任何成员都有权在任何时间、任何地点提请注意任何可能扰乱世界和平或世界和平所依赖的国家间良好谅解的事情。
I want to give you an illustration of what that would mean.
我想给你一个例子来说明这意味着什么。
You have heard a great deal -- something that was true and a great deal that was false -- about that provision of the treaty which hands over to Japan the rights which Germany enjoyed in the Province of Shantung in China.
关于条约中将德国在中国山东省享有的权利移交给日本的规定，你们已经听过很多——有些是真实的，也有很多是错误的。
In the first place, Germany did not enjoy any rights there that other nations had not already claimed.
首先，德国在那里不享有其他国家尚未主张的任何权利。
For my part, my judgment, my moral judgment, is against the whole set of concessions.
就我而言，我的判断，我的道德判断，反对整套让步。
They were all of them unjust to China, they ought never to have been exacted, they were all exacted by duress from a great body of thoughtful and ancient and helpless people.
他们都是对中国不公正的，他们根本不应该被勒索，他们都是被一群有思想的、古老的、无助的人们胁迫而勒索的。
There never was any right in any of them.
他们中的任何一个人都没有任何权利。
Thank God, America never asked for any, never dreamed of asking for any.
感谢上帝，美国从未要求过任何东西，也从未梦想过要求任何东西。
But when Germany got this concession in 1898, the Government of the United States made no protest whatever.
但当德国在1898年获得这一让步时，美国政府没有提出任何抗议。
That was not because the Government of the United States was not in the hands of high-minded and conscientious men.
这并不是因为美国政府不在高尚和尽责的人手中。
It was.
是的。
William McKinley was President and John Hay was Secretary of State -- as safe hands to leave the honor of the United States in as any that you can cite.
威廉·麦金利 (William McKinley) 担任总统，约翰·海伊 (John Hay) 担任国务卿，他们是为美国荣誉留下的安全可靠的人选。
They made no protest because the state of international law at that time was that it was none of their business unless they could show that the interests of the United States were affected, and the only thing that they could show with regard to the interests of the United States was that Germany might close the doors of Shantung Province against the trade of the United States.
他们没有提出抗议，因为当时的国际法规定，除非他们能证明美国的利益受到影响，否则这与他们无关，而他们唯一能证明的是，关于美国的利益，德国可能会关闭山东省的大门，禁止与美国的贸易。
They, therefore, demanded and obtained promises that we could continue to sell merchandise in Shantung.
因此，他们要求并得到了我们可以继续在山东销售商品的承诺。
Immediately following that concession to Germany there was a concession to Russia of the same sort, of Port Arthur, and Port Arthur was handed over subsequently to Japan on the very territory of the United States.
在对德国做出让步之后，立即对俄罗斯做出了类似的让步，即旅顺港，随后旅顺港在美国领土上被移交给了日本。
Don�t you remember that when Russia and Japan got into war with one another the war was brought to a conclusion by a treaty written at Portsmouth, N.H., and in that treaty without the slightest intimation from any authoritative sources in America that the Government of the United States had any objection, Port Arthur, Chinese territory, was turned over to Japan?
你是否还记得，当俄罗斯和日本交战时，战争是通过在新罕布什尔州朴茨茅斯签订的一项条约而结束的，在该条约中，美国没有任何权威人士表示美国政府有任何反对，中国领土旅顺港就被移交给了日本？
I want you distinctly to understand that there is no thought of criticism in my mind.
我想让你清楚地明白，我的脑子里没有批评的念头。
I am expounding to you a state of international law.
我正在向你们阐述国际法的现状。
Now, read articles 10 and 11.
现在，阅读第 10 条和第 11 条。
You will see that international law is revolutionized by putting morals into it.
你会看到国际法通过将道德纳入其中而发生了革命性的变化。
Article 10 says that no member of the League, and that includes all these nations that have demanded these things unjustly of China, shall impair the territorial integrity or the political independence of any other member of the League.
第10条规定，任何联盟成员，包括所有向中国提出这些不公正要求的国家，均不得损害联盟任何其他成员的领土完整或政治独立。
China is going to be a member of the League.
中国将成为该联盟的成员。
Article 11 says that any member of the League can call attention to anything that is likely to disturb the peace of the world or the good understanding between nations, and China is for the first time in the history of mankind afforded a standing before the jury of the world.
第11条规定，联盟的任何成员都可以提请注意任何可能扰乱世界和平或国家间良好理解的事情，而中国在人类历史上第一次在世界陪审团面前站稳了脚跟。
I, for my part, have a profound sympathy for China, and I am proud to have taken part in an arrangement which promises the protection of the world to the rights of China.
就我而言，我对中国怀有深切的同情，我很自豪能够参与一项承诺保护世界中国权利的安排。
The whole atmosphere of the world is changed by a thing like that, my fellow citizens.
我的同胞们，整个世界的气氛都因这样的事情而改变。
The whole international practice of the world is revolutionized.
全世界的整个国际惯例都发生了革命性的变化。
William Borah: Against the League of Nations
威廉·博拉：反对国际联盟
But, you will say, �What is the second sentence of article 10?
但是，你会说，“第十条第二句是什么？”
That is what gives very disturbing thoughts.� The second sentence is that the council of the League shall advise what steps, if any, are necessary to carry out the guaranty of the first sentence, namely, that the members will respect and preserve the territorial integrity and political independence of the other members.
这就是令人非常不安的想法。第二句话是联盟理事会应建议采取哪些必要步骤（如果有的话）来执行第一句话的保证，即成员国将尊重和维护其他成员国的领土完整和政治独立。
I do not know any other meaning for the word �advise� except �advise.� The council advises, and it cannot advise without the vote of the United States.
除了“建议”之外，我不知道“建议”这个词有任何其他含义。委员会提供建议，而且没有美国的投票它就无法提供建议。
Why gentlemen should fear that the Congress of the United States would be advised to do something that it did not want to do I frankly cannot imagine, because they cannot even be advised to do anything unless their own representative has participated in the advice.
为什么先生们会担心美国国会会被建议做一些它不想做的事情，坦率地说，我无法想象，因为除非他们自己的代表参与建议，否则他们甚至不能被建议做任何事情。
It may be that that will impair somewhat the vigor of the League, but, nevertheless, the fact is so, that we are not obliged to take any advice except our own, which to any man who wants to go his own course is a very satisfactory state of affairs.
这可能会在一定程度上削弱联盟的活力，但事实是，我们没有义务接受除我们自己的建议之外的任何建议，这对于任何想走自己的路的人来说都是非常令人满意的情况。
Every man regards his own advice as best, and I dare say every man mixes his own advice with some thought of his own interest.
每个人都认为自己的建议是最好的，而且我敢说每个人都将自己的建议与自己的兴趣结合起来。
Whether we use it wisely or unwisely, we can use the vote of the United States to make impossible drawing the United States into any enterprise that she does not care to be drawn into.
无论我们明智地还是不明智地使用它，我们都可以利用美国的投票来阻止美国卷入任何她不想卷入的事业。
Yet article 10 strikes at the taproot of war.
然而，第十条却直击战争的根源。
Article 10 is a statement that the very things that have always been sought in imperialistic wars are henceforth forgone by every ambitious nation in the world.
第十条声明，帝国主义战争中一直寻求的东西从此被世界上每一个雄心勃勃的国家所放弃。
I would have felt very lonely, my fellow countrymen, and I would have felt very much disturbed if, sitting at the peace table in Paris, I had supposed that I was expounding my own ideas.
我的同胞们，如果我坐在巴黎的和谈桌旁，以为自己是在阐述自己的想法，我会感到非常孤独，而且会感到非常不安。
Whether you believe it or not, I know the relative size of my own ideas; I know how they stand related in bulk and proportion to the moral judgments of my fellow countrymen, and I proposed nothing whatever at the peace table at Paris that I had not sufficiently certain knowledge embodied the moral judgment of the citizens of the United States.
不管你信不信，我知道我自己的想法的相对大小；我知道它们与我的同胞的道德判断在数量和比例上是如何相关的，而且我在巴黎和平谈判桌上没有提出任何建议，因为我没有足够确定的知识体现了美国公民的道德判断。
I had gone over there with, so to say, explicit instructions.
可以说，我带着明确的指示去了那里。
Don�t you remember that we laid down 14 points which should contain the principles of the settlement?
您是否还记得我们制定了包含解决方案原则的14点？
They were not my points.
它们不是我的观点。
In every one of them I was conscientiously trying to read the thought of the people of the United States, and after I uttered those points I had every assurance given me that could be given me that they did speak the moral judgment of the United States and not my single judgment.
在每一篇文章中，我都认真地试图解读美国人民的想法，在我说出这些观点之后，我得到了一切可以给我的保证，他们确实说出了美国的道德判断，而不是我个人的判断。
Then when it came to that critical period just a little less than a year ago, when it was evident that the war was coming to its critical end, all the nations engaged in the war accepted those 14 principles explicitly as the basis of the armistice and the basis of the peace.
然后，到了不到一年前的那个关键时期，当战争显然已接近尾声时，所有参战国家都明确接受了这14条原则，将其作为停战的基础和和平的基础。
In those circumstances I crossed the ocean under bond to my own people and to the other governments with which I was dealing.
在这种情况下，我漂洋过海，与我自己的人民和与我打交道的其他政府保持着联系。
The whole specification of the method of settlement was written down and accepted beforehand, and we were architects building on those specifications.
沉降方法的整个规范是事先写下来并接受的，我们是在这些规范的基础上构建的建筑师。
It reassures me and fortifies my position to find how before I went over men whose judgment the United States has often trusted were of exactly the same opinion that I went abroad to express.
当我发现美国经常信任的那些人的判断力与我出国表达的观点完全相同时，这让我感到安心并巩固了我的立场。
Here is something I want to read from Theodore Roosevelt:
以下是我想从西奥多·罗斯福那里读到的一些内容：
� The one effective move for obtaining peace is by an agreement among all the great powers in which each should pledge itself not only to abide by the decisions of a common tribunal but to back its decisions by force.
� 实现和平的一个有效举措是所有大国之间达成协议，每个大国都应承诺不仅遵守共同法庭的裁决，而且以武力支持其裁决。
The great civilized nations should combine by solemn agreement in a great world league for the peace of righteousness; a court should be established.
伟大的文明国家应该通过庄严协议联合起来，组成一个伟大的世界联盟，以实现正义的和平；应设立一个法院。
A changed and amplified Hague court would meet the requirements, composed of representatives from each nation, whose representatives are sworn to act as judges in each case and not in a representative capacity.�
一个经过修改和扩大的海牙法院将满足要求，该法院由来自每个国家的代表组成，其代表宣誓在每个案件中担任法官，而不是以代表身份。”
Now there is article 10.
现在有第10条。
He goes on and says this: �The nations should agree on certain rights that should not be questioned, such as territorial integrity, their right to deal with their domestic affairs, and with such matters as whom they should admit to citizenship.
他接着说：“各国应该就某些不容质疑的权利达成一致，例如领土完整、处理国内事务的权利以及应该承认谁为公民身份等问题。
All such guarantee each of their number in possession of these rights.�
所有这些都保证了他们每个人都拥有这些权利。
Now, the other specification is in the Covenant.
现在，另一个规范是在盟约中。
The Covenant in another portion guarantees to the members the independent control of their domestic questions.
《公约》的另一部分保证成员国对其国内问题的独立控制。
There is not a leg for these gentlemen to stand on when they say that the interests of the United States are not safeguarded in the very points where we are most sensitive.
当这些先生们说美国的利益在我们最敏感的地方没有得到保障时，他们是站不住脚的。
You do not need to be told again that the Covenant expressly says that nothing in this Covenant shall be construed as affecting the validity of the Monroe Doctrine, for example.
例如，您不需要再次被告知，《公约》明确规定，本《公约》中的任何内容均不得被解释为影响门罗主义的有效性。
You could not be more explicit than that.
你说得再明确不过了。
And every point of interest is covered, partly for one very interesting reason.
每个兴趣点都被涵盖了，部分原因是一个非常有趣的原因。
This is not the first time that the Foreign Relations Committee of the Senate of the United States has read and considered this Covenant.
这并不是美国参议院外交关系委员会第一次阅读和审议该公约。
I brought it to this country in March last in a tentative, provisional form, in practically the form that it now has, with the exception of certain additions which I shall mention immediately.
去年三月，我以试探性的、临时的形式将其带到这个国家，实际上就是现在的形式，除了我将立即提到的某些补充内容之外。
I asked the Foreign Relations Committees of both Houses to come to the White House and we spent a long evening in the frankest discussion of every portion that they wished to discuss.
我请参众两院的外交关系委员会来到白宫，我们度过了一个漫长的夜晚，对他们希望讨论的每个部分进行了最坦率的讨论。
They made certain specific suggestions as to what should be contained in this document when it was to be revised.
他们就本文件修订时应包含哪些内容提出了一些具体建议。
I carried those suggestions to Paris, and every one of them was adopted.
我把这些建议带到了巴黎，每一项都被采纳了。
What more could I have done?
我还能做些什么呢？
What more could have been obtained?
还能得到什么？
The very matters upon which these gentlemen were most concerned were, the right of withdrawal, which is now expressly stated; the safeguarding of the Monroe Doctrine, which is now accomplished; the exclusion from action by the League of domestic questions, which is now accomplished.
这些先生们最关心的问题正是现在明确规定的退出权；捍卫门罗主义，现已完成；联盟将国内问题排除在行动之外，现在已经完成了。
All along the line, every suggestion of the United States was adopted after the Covenant had been drawn up in its first form and had been published for the criticism of the world.
一直以来，美国的每一项建议都是在《公约》初稿制定出来并发表供世界批评之后才被采纳的。
There is a very true sense in which I can say this is a tested American document.
我确实可以说这是一份经过检验的美国文件。
I am dwelling upon these points, my fellow citizens, in spite of the fact that I dare say to most of you they are perfectly well known, because in order to meet the present situation we have got to know what we are dealing with.
我的同胞们，我正在详细讨论这些要点，尽管我敢对你们大多数人说，这些要点是众所周知的，因为为了应对目前的情况，我们必须知道我们正在处理什么。
We are not dealing with the kind of document which this is represented by some gentlemen to be; and inasmuch as we are dealing with a document simon-pure in respect of the very principles we have professed and lived up to, we have got to do one or other of two things -- we have got to adopt it or reject it.
我们正在处理的不是某些先生所代表的那种文件；由于我们正在处理一份完全符合我们所宣称和遵守的原则的文件，因此我们必须做两件事中的一件事或另一件事——我们必须通过它或拒绝它。
There is no middle course.
没有中间路线。
You cannot go in on a special-privilege basis of your own.
您不能凭借自己的特权进入。
I take it that you are too proud to ask to be exempted from responsibilities which the other members of the League will carry.
我认为你太骄傲了，不会要求免除联盟其他成员将承担的责任。
We go in upon equal terms or we do not go in at all; and if we do not go in, my fellow citizens, think of the tragedy of that result -- the only sufficient guaranty to the peace of the world withheld!
我们以平等的条件加入，或者根本不加入；如果我们不进去，我的同胞们，请想想后果的悲剧——世界和平的唯一充分保证被剥夺了！
Ourselves drawn apart with that dangerous pride which means that we shall be ready to take care of ourselves, and that means that we shall maintain great standing armies and an irresistible navy; that means we shall have the organization of a military nation; that means we shall have a general staff, with the kind of power that the general staff of Germany had; to mobilize this great manhood of the Nation when it pleases, all the energy of our young men drawn into the thought and preparation for war.
我们自己被危险的骄傲所分裂，这意味着我们将准备好照顾自己，这意味着我们将维持强大的常备军和不可抗拒的海军；这意味着我们将拥有一个军事国家的组织；这意味着我们将拥有一支总参谋部，拥有德国总参谋部所拥有的权力；在需要的时候动员国家的伟大男子气概，将我们年轻人的全部精力投入到战争的思考和准备中。
What of our pledges to the men that lie dead in France?
我们对法国死去的人们的承诺是什么？
We said that they went over there not to prove the prowess of America or her readiness for another war but to see to it that there never was such a war again.
我们说他们去那里不是为了证明美国的实力或她是否已经做好了发动另一场战争的准备，而是为了确保不再发生这样的战争。
It always seems to make it difficult for me to say anything, my fellow citizens, when I think of my clients in this case.
同胞们，当我想到这起案件中的客户时，我似乎总是很难说什么。
My clients are the children; my clients are the next generation.
我的客户是孩子们；我的客户是下一代。
They do not know what promises and bonds I undertook when I ordered the armies of the United States to the soil of France, but I know, and I intend to redeem my pledges to the children; they shall not be sent upon a similar errand.
他们不知道当我命令美国军队开赴法国领土时，我做出了哪些承诺和承诺，但我知道，而且我打算兑现对孩子们的承诺；他们不得被派去执行类似的任务。
Again and again, my fellow citizens, mothers who lost their sons in France have come to me and, taking my hand, have shed tears upon it not only, but they have added, �God bless you, Mr. President!� Why, my fellow citizens, should they pray God to bless me?
我的同胞们，在法国失去儿子的母亲们一次又一次地来到我身边，握住我的手，不仅在我的手上流泪，而且还补充道：“上帝保佑你，总统先生！”为什么，我的同胞们，他们应该祈祷上帝保佑我呢？
I advised the Congress of the United States to create the situation that led to the death of their sons.
我建议美国国会制造导致他们儿子死亡的局面。
I ordered their sons oversea[s].
我命令他们的儿子出国。
I consented to their sons being put in the most difficult parts of the battle line, where death was certain, as in the impenetrable difficulties of the forest of Argonne.
我同意他们的儿子被安置在战线最困难的地方，那里肯定会死亡，就像阿尔贡森林中难以逾越的困难一样。
Why should they weep upon my hand and call down the blessings of God upon me?
他们为什么要在我手上哭泣并祈求上帝赐福给我呢？
Because they believe that their boys died for something that vastly transcends any of the immediate and palpable objects of the war.
因为他们相信，他们的孩子们的牺牲远远超出了战争中任何直接和明显的目标。
They believe, and they rightly believe, that their sons saved the liberty of the world.
他们相信，而且他们正确地相信，他们的儿子拯救了世界的自由。
They believe that wrapped up with the liberty of the world is the continuous protection of that liberty by the concerted powers of all civilized people.
他们相信，与世界自由息息相关的是所有文明人民齐心协力对自由的持续保护。
They believe that this sacrifice was made in order that other sons should not be called upon for a similar gift -- the gift of life, the gift of all that died -- and if we did not see this thing through, if we fulfilled the dearest present wish of Germany and now dissociated ourselves from those alongside whom we fought in the war, would not something of the halo go away from the gun over the mantelpiece, or the sword?
他们相信，做出这样的牺牲是为了让其他儿子不再被要求获得类似的礼物——生命的礼物，所有死去的人的礼物——如果我们没有完成这件事，如果我们实现了德国当前最深切的愿望，现在与那些我们在战争中并肩作战的人断绝关系，那么壁炉架上的枪或剑上的光环难道不会消失吗？
Would not the old uniform lose something of its significance?
难道旧制服会失去一些意义吗？
These men were crusaders.
这些人是十字军战士。
They were not going forth to prove the might of the United States.
他们并不是要证明美国的实力。
They were going forth to prove the might of justice and right, and all the world accepted them as crusaders, and their transcendent achievement has made all the world believe in America as it believes in no other nation organized in the modern world.
他们前去证明正义和正义的力量，全世界都承认他们是十字军战士，他们的卓越成就使全世界相信美国，就像它相信现代世界中没有其他国家一样。
There seems to me to stand between us and the rejection or qualification of this treaty the serried ranks of those boys in khaki, not only these boys who came home, but those dear ghosts that still deploy upon the fields of France.
在我看来，在我们拒绝或限制这项条约之前，那些穿着卡其布的男孩们排成一排，不仅是这些回家的男孩，还有那些仍然部署在法国战场上的亲爱的鬼魂。
My friends, on last Decoration Day I went to a beautiful hillside near Paris, where was located the cemetery of Suresnes, a cemetery given over to the burial of the American dead.
朋友们，去年的装饰日，我去了巴黎附近一个美丽的山坡，那里有苏雷斯内斯公墓，这是一个埋葬美国死者的公墓。
Behind me on the slopes was rank upon rank of living American soldiers, and lying before me upon the levels of the plain was rank upon rank of departed American soldiers.
在我身后的山坡上，一排排活着的美国士兵，在我面前的平原上，一排排死去的美国士兵。
Right by the side of the stand where I spoke there was a little group of French women who had adopted those graves, had made themselves mothers of those dear ghosts by putting flowers every day upon those graves, taking them as their own sons, their own beloved, because they had died in the same cause -- France was free and the world was free because America had come!
在我演讲的看台旁边，有一小群法国妇女收养了这些坟墓，每天在这些坟墓上献上鲜花，让自己成为那些亲爱的鬼魂的母亲，把它们当作自己的儿子，自己的爱人，因为他们是为了同一个事业而死的——法国是自由的，世界是自由的，因为美国来了！
I wish some men in public life who are now opposing the settlement for which these men died could visit such a spot as that.
我希望一些现在反对这些人为之牺牲的解决方案的公共生活人士能够参观这样的地方。
I wish that the thought that comes out of those graves could penetrate their consciousness.
我希望从那些坟墓中发出的思想能够渗透到他们的意识中。
I wish that they could feel the moral obligation that rests upon us not to go back on those boys, but to see the thing through, to see it through to the end and make good their redemption of the world.
我希望他们能够感受到我们肩负的道德义务，不要背叛那些男孩，而是要坚持到底，坚持到底，完成对世界的救赎。
For nothing less depends upon this decision, nothing less than the liberation and salvation of the world.
因为世界的解放和拯救都取决于这个决定。
You will say, �Is the League an absolute guaranty against war?� No; I do not know any absolute guaranty against the errors of human judgment or the violence of human passion, but I tell you this: With a cooling space of nine months for human passion, not much of it will keep hot.
你会说，“联盟是防止战争的绝对保证吗？” 不；是的。我不知道有什么绝对的保证可以防止人类判断的错误或人类激情的暴力，但我告诉你：人类激情有九个月的冷却空间，没有多少激情会保持热度。
I had a couple of friends who were in the habit of losing their tempers, and when they lost their tempers they were in the habit of using very unparliamentary language.
我有几个朋友，他们习惯于发脾气，当他们发脾气时，他们习惯于使用非常不符合议会的语言。
Some of their friends induced them to make a promise that they never would swear inside the town limits.
他们的一些朋友怂恿他们做出承诺，永远不在城镇范围内说脏话。
When the impulse next came upon them, they took a streetcar to go out of town to swear, and by the time they got out of town they did not want to swear.
当他们再次冲动时，他们乘电车去城外说脏话，当他们出城时，他们不想说脏话了。
They came back convinced that they were just what they were, a couple of unspeakable fools, and the habit of getting angry and of swearing suffered great inroads upon it by that experience.
他们回来后深信自己就是这样的人，两个无法形容的傻瓜，而生气和咒骂的习惯因那次经历而受到了很大的损害。
Now, illustrating the great by the small, that is true of the passions of nations.
现在，以小见大，这就是国家的激情所在。
It is true of the passions of men however you combine them.
无论怎样组合，人类的激情都是如此。
Give them space to cool off.
给他们冷静的空间。
I ask you this: If it is not an absolute insurance against war, do you want no insurance at all?
我问你：如果不是绝对的防战保险，你难道就不要保险吗？
Do you want nothing?
你什么都不想要吗？
Do you want not only no probability that war will not recur, but the probability that it will recur?
您不仅想要战争不再发生的概率，而且想要战争再次发生的概率吗？
The arrangements of justice do not stand of themselves, my fellow citizens.
我的同胞们，正义的安排本身并不成立。
The arrangements of this treaty are just, but they need the support of the combined power of the great nations of the world.
这个条约的安排是正义的，但需要世界大国联合力量的支持。
And they will have that support.
他们将得到这种支持。
Now that the mists of this great question have cleared away, I believe that men will see the truth, eye to eye and face to face.
现在这个重大问题的迷雾已经散去，我相信人们会面对面、面对面地看到真相。
There is one thing that the American people always rise to and extend their hand to, and that is the truth of justice and of liberty and of peace.
美国人民总是向一件事挺身而出并伸出援手，那就是正义、自由与和平的真理。
We have accepted that truth and we are going to be led by it, and it is going to lead us, and through us the world, out into pastures of quietness and peace such as the world never dreamed of before.
我们已经接受了这个真理，我们将被它引导，它将引导我们，并通过我们引导世界，进入宁静与和平的牧场，这是世界以前从未梦想过的。
Text Source : Woodrow Wilson, "Address at Pueblo, Colo., September 25, 1919," in Addresses of President Wilson: Addresses Delivered by President Wilson on His Western Tour, September 4 to September 25, 1919, on the League of Nations, Treaty of Peace with Germany, Industrial Conditions, High Cost of Living, Race Riots, Etc. , 66th Cong., 1st sess., S.
文本来源：伍德罗·威尔逊，“1919 年 9 月 25 日在科罗拉多州普韦布洛的讲话”，载于威尔逊总统的演说：威尔逊总统在 1919 年 9 月 4 日至 9 月 25 日的西部巡演中发表的演说，内容涉及国际联盟、与德国的和平条约、工业条件、高生活成本、种族骚乱等，第 66 届国会，第一届会议，S.
Doc.
博士。
120 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919), pp.
120（华盛顿：政府印刷局，1919 年），第 120 页。
359-370.
359-370。
Digitized copy: Internet Archive, from the University of Toronto, Robarts Library (archive.org/details/addressesofpresi00wilsuoft).
数字化副本：互联网档案馆，来自多伦多大学罗巴茨图书馆 (archive.org/details/addressesofpresi00wilsuoft)。
Text Note : This text was established from the 1919 Senate Document printing cited above.
文本注释：本文根据上述引用的 1919 年参议院文件印刷而成。
Its wording was verified word by word against the digitized copy, with doubtful readings checked against the page images, and it follows that printing except for the departures listed below.
其措辞已逐字对照数字化副本进行了验证，并对照页面图像检查了可疑的读数，因此除了下面列出的偏差外，均已印刷。
Editorial conventions : Punctuation, capitalization, and paragraphing have been adapted for contemporary readers; the paragraphing is American Rhetoric's own.
编辑惯例：标点符号、大写和段落已针对当代读者进行了调整；该段落是美国修辞学自己的。
Dashes are rendered as double hyphens.
破折号呈现为双连字符。
"League" and "Covenant" are capitalized when they refer to the League of Nations and its Covenant.
“League”和“Covenant”在指国际联盟及其盟约时要大写。
Numerals follow the print ("article 10," "14 points").
数字跟在印刷体后面（“第 10 条”、“14 点”）。
Bracketed letters mark modernized forms.
带括号的字母标志着现代化的形式。
Rhetorical figures such as anaphora and epistrophe are set one member per line to make their structure visible.
诸如回指和后记之类的修辞修辞格每行设置一个成员，以使其结构可见。
Departures from the printed text : "cannot" for "can not" (throughout); "show" for the printed "snow," an evident misprint; "out into" for the printed "not into," which contradicts the sense of the passage (the misprinted word is emended rather than deleted); "oversea[s]" for "oversea"; "streetcar" for "street car."
与印刷文本的偏差：“cannot”为“can not”（全文）； “show”代表印刷的“snow”，这是一个明显的印刷错误； “out into”代表印刷的“not into”，这与段落的含义相矛盾（印刷错误的词被修改而不是删除）； “oversea[s]”代表“海外”； “有轨电车”为“有轨电车”。
Preparation : This version is a joint production of Michael E.
准备工作：这个版本是Michael E. 联合制作。
Eidenmuller and Claude Opus 5.5, an AI model developed by Anthropic.
Eidenmuller 和 Claude Opus 5.5，Anthropic 开发的人工智能模型。
Page Updated : 9/23/26 U.S. Copyright Status : The text of this speech is in the public domain.
页面更新日期：26 年 9 月 23 日美国版权状态：本演讲的文本属于公共领域。
It was delivered by the President of the United States in the course of his official duties and was first published by the U.S. Government Printing Office in 1919.
它由美国总统在执行公务时发表，并于 1919 年首次由美国政府印刷局出版。
The editorial features of this version (its paragraphing, figure lineation, emendations, and editorial notes) are � 2026 AmericanRhetoric.com.
此版本的编辑功能（段落、图形线条、修正和编辑注释）为 � 2026 AmericanRhetoric.com。
The underlying speech text may be freely used.
底层语音文本可以自由使用。
I mage = Public domain.
我法师=公共领域。
� Copyright 2001-Present.
� 版权所有 2001 年至今。
American Rhetoric.
美国修辞学。
HTML transcription by Christopher P.
HTML 转录由 Christopher P.
Cox.
考克斯。