The Great Society (1964)
President Hatcher, Governor Romney, Senators McNamara and Hart, Congressmen Meader and Staebler, and other members of the fine Michigan delegation, members of the graduating class, my fellow Americans:
哈切尔总统、罗姆尼州长、参议员麦克纳马拉和哈特、国会议员米德和施塔布勒，以及优秀的密歇根州代表团的其他成员，毕业生们，我的美国同胞们：
It is a great pleasure to be here today.
今天很高兴来到这里。
This university has been coeducational since 1870, but I do not believe it was on the basis of your accomplishments that a Detroit high school girl said, "In choosing a college, you first have to decide whether you want a coeducational school or an educational school."
这所大学自 1870 年以来一直是男女同校的，但我不相信底特律一位高中女生所说的“在选择大学时，你首先必须决定你想要男女同校还是教育学校”是基于你的成就。
Well, we can find both here at Michigan, although perhaps at different hours.
嗯，我们可以在密歇根州找到这两个地方，尽管时间可能不同。
I came out here today very anxious to meet the Michigan student whose father told a friend of mine that his son's education had been a real value.
我今天来到这里，非常渴望见到一位密歇根州的学生，他的父亲告诉我的一个朋友，他儿子的教育非常有价值。
It stopped his mother from bragging about him.
这阻止了他母亲吹嘘他。
I have come today from the turmoil of your Capital to the tranquility of your campus to speak about the future of your country.
今天，我从你们首都的喧嚣来到你们宁静的校园，谈论你们国家的未来。
The purpose of protecting the life of our Nation and preserving the liberty of our citizens is to pursue the happiness of our people.
保护我们国家的生命和维护我们公民的自由的目的是追求我们人民的幸福。
Our success in that pursuit is the test of our success as a Nation.
我们在这一追求上的成功是对我们作为一个国家成功的考验。
For a century we labored to settle and to subdue a continent.
一个世纪以来，我们努力定居并征服了一个大陆。
For half a century we called upon unbounded invention and untiring industry to create an order of plenty for all of our people.
半个世纪以来，我们呼吁无限的发明和不懈的勤奋，为我们所有的人民创造一个富裕的秩序。
The challenge of the next half century is whether we have the wisdom to use that wealth to enrich and elevate our national life, and to advance the quality of our American civilization.
下一个半个世纪的挑战是我们是否有智慧利用这些财富来丰富和提升我们的国民生活，并提高我们美国文明的质量。
Your imagination, your initiative, and your indignation will determine whether we build a society where progress is the servant of our needs, or a society where old values and new visions are buried under unbridled growth.
你们的想象力、你们的主动性和你们的愤慨将决定我们是建设一个进步服务于我们需求的社会，还是一个旧价值观和新愿景被无节制的增长所埋葬的社会。
For in your time we have the opportunity to move not only toward the rich society and the powerful society, but upward to the Great Society.
因为在你们的时代，我们有机会不仅走向富裕社会、强大社会，而且向上走向伟大社会。
The Great Society rests on abundance and liberty for all.
伟大社会的基础是所有人的富裕和自由。
It demands an end to poverty and racial injustice, to which we are totally committed in our time.
它要求结束贫困和种族不平等，这是我们这个时代全力致力于的目标。
But that is just the beginning.
但这仅仅是开始。
The Great Society is a place where every child can find knowledge to enrich his mind and to enlarge his talents.
伟大社会是一个让每个孩子都能找到知识、丰富自己思想、拓展自己才能的地方。
It is a place where leisure is a welcome chance to build and reflect, not a feared cause of boredom and restlessness.
在这里，休闲是一个值得建设和反思的机会，而不是令人恐惧的无聊和不安的原因。
It is a place where the city of man serves not only the needs of the body and the demands of commerce but the desire for beauty and the hunger for community.
在这里，人类之城不仅满足身体的需要和商业的需求，而且满足对美的渴望和对社区的渴望。
It is a place where man can renew contact with nature.
这是一个人类可以重新与自然接触的地方。
It is a place which honors creation for its own sake and for what it adds to the understanding of the race.
这是一个尊重创造的地方，因为它本身以及它增加了对种族的理解。
It is a place where men are more concerned with the quality of their goals than the quantity of their goods.
在这里，人们更关心目标的质量，而不是商品的数量。
But most of all, the Great Society is not a safe harbor, a resting place, a final objective, a finished work.
但最重要的是，伟大社会不是一个安全港、一个休息处、一个最终目标、一个完成的工作。
It is a challenge constantly renewed, beckoning us toward a destiny where the meaning of our lives matches the marvelous products of our labor.
这是一个不断更新的挑战，召唤我们走向这样的命运：我们生命的意义与我们劳动的奇妙产品相匹配。
So I want to talk to you today about three places where we begin to build the Great Society--in our cities, in our countryside, and in our classrooms.
所以今天我想和大家谈谈我们开始建设伟大社会的三个地方——我们的城市、我们的乡村和我们的教室。
Many of you will live to see the day, perhaps 50 years from now, when there will be 400 million Americans four-fifths of them in urban areas.
你们中的许多人将会看到这一天，也许是 50 年后，届时将有 4 亿美国人，其中五分之四生活在城市地区。
In the remainder of this century urban population will double, city land will double, and we will have to build homes, highways, and facilities equal to all those built since this country was first settled.
在本世纪剩下的时间里，城市人口将增加一倍，城市土地将增加一倍，我们将必须建造与这个国家首次有人定居以来所建造的房屋、高速公路和设施相同的房屋、高速公路和设施。
So in the next 40 years we must rebuild the entire urban United States.
因此，在接下来的 40 年里，我们必须重建整个美国城市。
Aristotle said: "Men come together in cities in order to live, but they remain together in order to live the good life." It is harder and harder to live the good life in American cities today.
亚里士多德说：“人们聚集在城市是为了生活，但他们保持在一起是为了过上美好的生活。”如今在美国城市过上美好生活越来越难。
The catalog of ills is long: there is the decay of the centers and the despoiling of the suburbs.
弊病的目录很长：市中心的衰败和郊区的掠夺。
There is not enough housing for our people or transportation for our traffic.
我们的人民没有足够的住房，交通也没有足够的交通工具。
Open land is vanishing and old landmarks are violated.
开放土地正在消失，古老的地标遭到侵犯。
Worst of all expansion is eroding the precious and time honored values of community with neighbors and communion with nature.
最糟糕的是，扩张正在侵蚀与邻里社区以及与自然交流的宝贵且历史悠久的价值观。
The loss of these values breeds loneliness and boredom and indifference.
这些价值观的丧失会滋生孤独、无聊和冷漠。
Our society will never be great until our cities are great.
除非我们的城市变得伟大，否则我们的社会永远不会伟大。
Today the frontier of imagination and innovation is inside those cities and not beyond their borders.
如今，想象力和创新的前沿位于这些城市内部，而不是超出其边界。
New experiments are already going on.
新的实验已经在进行中。
It will be the task of your generation to make the American city a place where future generations will come, not only to live but to live the good life.
你们这一代人的任务是让美国城市成为子孙后代居住的地方，不仅是为了居住，而且是为了过上美好的生活。
I understand that if I stayed here tonight I would see that Michigan students are really doing their best to live the good life.
我知道，如果我今晚留在这里，我会看到密歇根州的学生真的在尽最大努力过上美好的生活。
This is the place where the Peace Corps was started.
这是和平队成立的地方。
It is inspiring to see how all of you, while you are in this country, are trying so hard to live at the level of the people.
看到你们所有人在这个国家都如此努力地生活在人民的水平上，真是令人鼓舞。
A second place where we begin to build the Great Society is in our countryside.
我们开始建设伟大社会的第二个地方是我们的农村。
We have always prided ourselves on being not only America the strong and America the free, but America the beautiful.
我们一直为自己不仅是强大的美国、自由的美国，而且是美丽的美国而感到自豪。
Today that beauty is in danger.
如今，这种美丽正处于危险之中。
The water we drink, the food we eat, the very air that we breathe, are threatened with pollution.
我们喝的水、吃的食物、呼吸的空气都受到污染的威胁。
Our parks are overcrowded, our seashores overburdened.
我们的公园人满为患，我们的海岸不堪重负。
Green fields and dense forests are disappearing.
绿色的田野和茂密的森林正在消失。
A few years ago we were greatly concerned about the "Ugly American." Today we must act to prevent an ugly America.
几年前，我们非常担心“丑陋的美国人”。今天，我们必须采取行动，防止美国变得丑陋。
For once the battle is lost, once our natural splendor is destroyed, it can never be recaptured.
因为一旦战斗失败，一旦我们的自然辉煌被摧毁，就永远无法重新夺回。
And once man can no longer walk with beauty or wonder at nature his spirit will wither and his sustenance be wasted.
一旦人不能再与美丽同行或惊叹自然，他的精神就会枯萎，他的生计就会被浪费。
A third place to build the Great Society is in the classrooms of America.
建设伟大社会的第三个地方是美国的教室。
There your children's lives will be shaped.
在那里，您孩子的生活将被塑造。
Our society will not be great until every young mind is set free to scan the farthest reaches of thought and imagination.
除非每个年轻人都能够自由地审视最遥远的思想和想象力，否则我们的社会不会变得伟大。
We are still far from that goal.
我们离这个目标还很远。
Today, 8 million adult Americans, more than the entire population of Michigan, have not finished 5 years of school.
如今，800 万美国成年人尚未完成 5 年学业，这比密歇根州的总人口还多。
Nearly 20 million have not finished 8 years of school.
近 2000 万人尚未完成 8 年学业。
Nearly 54 million--more than one-quarter of all America--have not even finished high school.
近 5400 万人（超过全美四分之一）甚至没有完成高中学业。
Each year more than 100,000 high school graduates, with proved ability, do not enter college because they cannot afford it.
每年有超过 10 万高中毕业生虽然有能力证明自己的能力，但因为负担不起大学学费而没有进入大学。
And if we cannot educate today's youth, what will we do in 1970 when elementary school enrollment will be 5 million greater than 1960?
如果我们不能教育今天的年轻人，到了 1970 年，当小学入学人数比 1960 年增加 500 万时，我们该怎么办？
And high school enrollment will rise by 5 million.
高中入学人数将增加500万。
College enrollment will increase by more than 3 million.
高校扩招人数将超过300万人。
In many places, classrooms are overcrowded and curricula are outdated.
在许多地方，教室人满为患，课程也过时。
Most of our qualified teachers are underpaid, and many of our paid teachers are unqualified.
我们大多数合格的教师工资过低，而且我们的许多带薪教师不合格。
So we must give every child a place to sit and a teacher to learn from.
所以我们必须给每个孩子一个座位和一个可以学习的老师。
Poverty must not be a bar to learning, and learning must offer an escape from poverty.
贫困不应成为学习的障碍，学习必须成为摆脱贫困的途径。
But more classrooms and more teachers are not enough.
但更多的教室和更多的教师还不够。
We must seek an educational system which grows in excellence as it grows in size.
我们必须寻求一个随着规模的扩大而变得更加卓越的教育体系。
This means better training for our teachers.
这意味着对我们的教师进行更好的培训。
It means preparing youth to enjoy their hours of leisure as well as their hours of labor.
这意味着让年轻人做好准备，既享受闲暇时光，也享受劳动时光。
It means exploring new techniques of teaching, to find new ways to stimulate the love of learning and the capacity for creation.
它意味着探索新的教学技术，寻找新的方法来激发对学习的热爱和创造的能力。
These are three of the central issues of the Great Society.
这是伟大社会的三个核心问题。
While our Government has many programs directed at those issues, I do not pretend that we have the full answer to those problems.
虽然我国政府有许多针对这些问题的方案，但我并不假装我们对这些问题有完整的答案。
But I do promise this: We are going to assemble the best thought and the broadest knowledge from all over the world to find those answers for America.
但我确实承诺：我们将汇集世界各地最好的思想和最广泛的知识，为美国找到这些答案。
I intend to establish working groups to prepare a series of White House conferences and meetings-on the cities, on natural beauty, on the quality of education, and on other emerging challenges.
我打算成立工作组，准备一系列白宫会议和会议——关于城市、自然美景、教育质量以及其他新出现的挑战。
And from these meetings and from this inspiration and from these studies we will begin to set our course toward the Great Society.
从这些会议、这种灵感和这些研究中，我们将开始设定通往伟大社会的路线。
The solution to these problems does not rest on a massive program in Washington, nor can it rely solely on the strained resources of local authority.
这些问题的解决不能依靠华盛顿的大规模计划，也不能仅仅依靠地方当局紧张的资源。
They require us to create new concepts of cooperation, a creative federalism, between the National Capital and the leaders of local communities.
它们要求我们在国家首都和当地社区领导人之间创造新的合作理念，即创造性的联邦制。
Woodrow Wilson once wrote: "Every man sent out from his university should be a man of his Nation as well as a man of his time."
伍德罗·威尔逊曾经写道：“每一个从大学毕业的人都应该是他的国家的人，也是他那个时代的人。”
Within your lifetime powerful forces, already loosed, will take us toward a way of life beyond the realm of our experience, almost beyond the bounds of our imagination.
在你的一生中，已经释放的强大力量将带我们走向一种超出我们经验范围、几乎超出我们想象范围的生活方式。
For better or for worse, your generation has been appointed by history to deal with those problems and to lead America toward a new age.
无论好坏，历史指定你们这一代人来解决这些问题并带领美国走向新时代。
You have the chance never before afforded to any people in any age.
您拥有前所未有的机会，无论任何年龄段的人都无法获得。
You can help build a society where the demands of morality, and the needs of the spirit, can be realized in the life of the Nation.
你可以帮助建立一个道德要求和精神需求能够在国家生活中实现的社会。
So, will you join in the battle to give every citizen the full equality which God enjoins and the law requires, whatever his belief, or race, or the color of his skin?
那么，您愿意加入这场战斗，为每个公民提供上帝所吩咐和法律所要求的完全平等，无论他的信仰、种族或肤色如何吗？
Will you join in the battle to give every citizen an escape from the crushing weight of poverty?
您愿意加入这场让每个公民摆脱贫困的战斗吗？
Will you join in the battle to make it possible for all nations to live in enduring peace--as neighbors and not as mortal enemies ?
您愿意加入这场战斗，让所有国家能够以邻居而非不共戴天的敌人的身份生活在持久和平之中吗？
Will you join in the battle to build the Great Society, to prove that our material progress is only the foundation on which we will build a richer life of mind and spirit?
您愿意加入建设伟大社会的战斗，以证明我们的物质进步只是我们建立更丰富的思想和精神生活的基础吗？
There are those timid souls who say this battle cannot be won; that we are condemned to a soulless wealth.
有些胆怯的人说这场战斗不可能获胜；我们注定只能拥有没有灵魂的财富。
I do not agree.
我不同意。
We have the power to shape the civilization that we want.
我们有能力塑造我们想要的文明。
But we need your will, your labor, your hearts, if we are to build that kind of society.
但如果我们要建设这样的社会，我们需要你们的意志、你们的劳动、你们的心。
Those who came to this land sought to build more than just a new country.
那些来到这片土地的人寻求的不仅仅是建设一个新国家。
They sought a new world.
他们寻找新世界。
So I have come here today to your campus to say that you can make their vision our reality.
因此，我今天来到你们的校园，是想告诉你们，你们可以将他们的愿景变为现实。
So let us from this moment begin our work so that in the future men will look back and say: It was then, after a long and weary way, that man turned the exploits of his genius to the full enrichment of his life.
因此，让我们从这一刻起开始我们的工作，以便将来的人们回顾过去时会说：正是在那时，经过漫长而疲惫的道路，人类才将他的天才的功绩转化为充分丰富他的生活。
Note: The President spoke at the graduation exercises at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor after receiving an honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Law.
注：总统在获得民法荣誉博士学位后在密歇根大学安娜堡分校的毕业典礼上发表讲话。
His opening words referred to Harlan H.
他的开场白提到了 Harlan H.
Hatcher, President of the University, Governor George Romney, Senators Pat McNamara and Philip A.
哈切尔大学校长、州长乔治·罗姆尼、参议员帕特·麦克纳马拉和菲利普·A·
Hart, and Representatives George Meader and Neil Staebler, all of Michigan.
哈特、代表乔治·米德和尼尔·斯塔布勒，均来自密歇根州。
APP Note: Users have pointed out that the spelling "goodbye" or "good-bye" is more standard.
APP注：用户指出“再见”或“再见”的拼写更标准。
This spelling, "goodby" was used in the Public Papers of the Presidents, and the APP usually tries to reproduce that published version.
“再见”这个拼写曾在总统的公开文件中使用过，并且该应用程序通常会尝试复制该已发布的版本。
Lyndon B.
林登·B.
Johnson, Remarks at the University of Michigan Online by Gerhard Peters and John T.
约翰逊，格哈德·彼得斯 (Gerhard Peters) 和约翰·T·约翰逊 (John T. Johnson) 在密歇根大学在线演讲
Woolley, The American Presidency Project https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/239689
伍利，美国总统项目 https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/239689
The American Presidency Project John Woolley and Gerhard Peters Contact
美国总统项目 约翰·伍利 (John Woolley) 和格哈德·彼得斯 (Gerhard Peters) 联系方式
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