Brandenburg Gate Remarks (1987)

勃兰登堡门言论 (1987)

· Ronald Reagan | The American Presidency Project · 原文

Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

Chancellor Kohl, Governing Mayor Diepgen, ladies and gentlemen:

科尔总理、迪普根市长、女士们、先生们：

Twenty four years ago, President John F.

二十四年前，约翰·肯尼迪总统

Kennedy visited Berlin, speaking to the people of this city and the world at the city hall.

肯尼迪访问了柏林，在市政厅向这座城市和全世界的人民发表讲话。

Well, since then two other presidents have come, each in his turn, to Berlin.

嗯，从那以后，又有两位总统轮流来到柏林。

And today I, myself, make my second visit to your city.

今天，我本人第二次访问你们的城市。

We come to Berlin, we American Presidents, because it's our duty to speak, in this place, of freedom.

我们美国总统来到柏林，因为我们有责任在这个地方谈论自由。

But I must confess, we're drawn here by other things as well: by the feeling of history in this city, more than 500 years older than our own nation; by the beauty of the Grunewald and the Tiergarten; most of all, by your courage and determination.

但我必须承认，我们也被其他事物吸引到这里：这座城市的历史感，比我们自己的国家还要古老 500 多年；欣赏格吕内瓦尔德和蒂尔加滕的美丽；最重要的是，靠你的勇气和决心。

Perhaps the composer, Paul Lincke, understood something about American Presidents.

也许作曲家保罗·林克对美国总统有所了解。

You see, like so many Presidents before me, I come here today because wherever I go, whatever I do: "Ich hab noch einen koffer in Berlin." [I still have a suitcase in Berlin.]

你看，就像我之前的许多总统一样，我今天来到这里，因为无论我去哪里，无论我做什么：“Ich hab noch einen koffer in Berlin。” [我在柏林还有一个行李箱。]

Our gathering today is being broadcast throughout Western Europe and North America.

我们今天的聚会正在整个西欧和北美进行转播。

I understand that it is being seen and heard as well in the East.

据我所知，在东方也能看到和听到这一点。

To those listening throughout Eastern Europe, I extend my warmest greetings and the good will of the American people.

我向东欧各地的听众致以最热烈的问候和美国人民的良好意愿。

To those listening in East Berlin, a special word: Although I cannot be with you, I address my remarks to you just as surely as to those standing here before me.

对于那些在东柏林聆听的人，有一个特别的词：虽然我不能和你们在一起，但我向你们发表讲话，就像向站在我面前的人一样。

For I join you, as I join your fellow countrymen in the West, in this firm, this unalterable belief: Es gibt nur ein Berlin.

因为我和你们一起，就像我和你们在西方的同胞一样，坚信这个坚定的、不可改变的信念：“Es gibt nur ein Berlin”。

[There is only one Berlin.]

[只有一个柏林。]

Behind me stands a wall that encircles the free sectors of this city, part of a vast system of barriers that divides the entire continent of Europe.

From the Baltic, south, those barriers cut across Germany in a gash of barbed wire, concrete, dog runs, and guardtowers.

从波罗的海南部开始，这些屏障以铁丝网、混凝土、狗道和警卫塔的形式横穿德国。

Farther south, there may be no visible, no obvious wall.

再往南，可能看不到明显的墙。

But there remain armed guards and checkpoints all the same–still a restriction on the right to travel, still an instrument to impose upon ordinary men and women the will of a totalitarian state.

Yet it is here in Berlin where the wall emerges most clearly; here, cutting across your city, where the news photo and the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the world.

然而，柏林墙却是最清晰可见的地方。在这里，穿过你的城市，新闻照片和电视屏幕将大陆的残酷分裂铭刻在世界的脑海中。

Standing before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German, separated from his fellow men.

站在勃兰登堡门前，每个人都是德国人，与同胞分离。

Every man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a scar.

每个人都是柏林人，被迫直视伤疤。

President von Weizsacker has said: "The German question is open as long as the Brandenburg Gate is closed." Today I say: As long as this gate is closed, as long as this scar of a wall is permitted to stand, it is not the German question alone that remains open, but the question of freedom for all mankind.

冯·魏茨萨克总统曾表示：“只要勃兰登堡门关闭，德国问题就一直存在。”今天我要说：只要这扇大门关闭，只要这堵墙的疤痕还继续存在，悬而未决的就不仅仅是德国问题，而是全人类的自由问题。

Yet I do not come here to lament.

但我来这里并不是为了哀叹。

For I find in Berlin a message of hope, even in the shadow of this wall, a message of triumph.

因为我在柏林找到了希望的信息，即使在这堵墙的阴影下，也是胜利的信息。

In this season of spring in 1945, the people of Berlin emerged from their air raid shelters to find devastation.

1945 年的这个春天，柏林人民从防空洞中走出来，发现满目疮痍。

Thousands of miles away, the people of the United States reached out to help.

千里之外的美国人民伸出援手。

And in 1947 Secretary of State–as you've been told–George Marshall announced the creation of what would become known as the Marshall plan.

1947 年，正如您所知，国务卿乔治·马歇尔宣布制定后来被称为“马歇尔计划”的计划。

Speaking precisely 40 years ago this month, he said: "Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos."

正好40年前的这个月，他说：“我们的政策不是针对任何国家或任何教义，而是针对饥饿、贫困、绝望和混乱。”

In the Reichstag a few moments ago, I saw a display commemorating this 40th anniversary of the Marshall plan.

不久前，我在德国国会大厦看到了纪念马歇尔计划40周年的展览。

I was struck by the sign on a burnt-out, gutted structure that was being rebuilt.

我被一座正在重建的烧毁、毁坏的建筑上的标志所震惊。

I understand that Berliners of my own generation can remember seeing signs like it dotted throughout the Western sectors of the city.

据我所知，我这一代的柏林人还记得在城市的西区看到过这样的标志。

The sign read simply: "The Marshall plan is helping here to strengthen the free world." A strong, free world in the West, that dream became real.

标语上写着：“马歇尔计划正在帮助这里加强自由世界。”在西方强大、自由的世界里，这个梦想变成了现实。

Japan rose from ruin to become an economic giant.

日本从废墟中崛起，成为经济大国。

Italy, France, Belgium–virtually every nation in Western Europe saw political and economic rebirth; the European Community was founded.

意大利、法国、比利时——几乎所有西欧国家都经历了政治和经济的重生；欧洲共同体成立。

In West Germany and here in Berlin, there took place an economic miracle, the Wirtschaftswunder.

在西德和柏林这里，发生了一个经济奇迹——经济奇迹。

Adenauer, Erhard, Reuter, and other leaders understood the practical importance of liberty–that just as truth can flourish only when the journalist is given freedom of speech, so prosperity can come about only when the farmer and businessman enjoy economic freedom.

The German leaders reduced tariffs, expanded free trade, lowered taxes.

德国领导人降低关税、扩大自由贸易、降低税收。

From 1950 to 1960 alone, the standard of living in West Germany and Berlin doubled.

仅从 1950 年到 1960 年，西德和柏林的生活水平就翻了一番。

Where four decades ago there was rubble, today in West Berlin there is the greatest industrial output of any city in Germany-busy office blocks, fine homes and apartments, proud avenues, and the spreading lawns of park land.

四十年前这里还是一片瓦砾，而如今，西柏林拥有德国所有城市中最大的工业产出——繁忙的办公楼、精美的住宅和公寓、令人自豪的大道以及广阔的公园草坪。

Where a city's culture seemed to have been destroyed, today there are two great universities, orchestras and an opera, countless theaters, and museums.

一个城市的文化似乎已被摧毁，如今却有两所伟大的大学、管弦乐队和一家歌剧院、无数的剧院和博物馆。

Where there was want, today there's abundance–food, clothing, automobiles-the wonderful goods of the Ku'damm.

曾经匮乏的地方，今天却变得丰富——食物、衣服、汽车——库达姆的美妙商品。

From devastation, from utter ruin, you Berliners have, in freedom, rebuilt a city that once again ranks as one of the greatest on Earth.

你们柏林人从毁灭中，从彻底的毁灭中，自由地重建了一座城市，再次成为地球上最伟大的城市之一。

The Soviets may have had other plans.

苏联人可能还有其他计划。

But, my friends, there were a few things the Soviets didn't count on Berliner herz, Berliner humor, ja, und Berliner schnauze.

但是，我的朋友们，苏联人有一些东西并没有指望柏林赫兹、柏林幽默、柏林幽默和柏林雪纳兹。

[Berliner heart, Berliner humor, yes, and a Berliner schnauze.] [Laughter]

[柏林人的心，柏林人的幽默，是的，还有柏林雪纳瑞犬。] [笑声]

In the 1950's, Khrushchev predicted: "We will bury you." But in the West today, we see a free world that has achieved a level of prosperity and well-being unprecedented in all human history.

20世纪50年代，赫鲁晓夫预言：“我们会埋葬你。”但在今天的西方，我们看到了一个自由世界，它实现了人类历史上前所未有的繁荣和福祉。

In the Communist world, we see failure, technological backwardness, declining standards of health, even want of the most basic kind-too little food.

Even today, the Soviet Union still cannot feed itself.

直到今天，苏联仍然无法养活自己。

After these four decades, then, there stands before the entire world one great and inescapable conclusion: Freedom leads to prosperity.

那么，经过这四个十年，全世界都面临着一个不可避免的伟大结论：自由带来繁荣。

Freedom replaces the ancient hatreds among the nations with comity and peace.

自由以礼让与和平取代了国家之间古老的仇恨。

Freedom is the victor.

自由是胜利者。

And now the Soviets themselves may, in a limited way, be coming to understand the importance of freedom.

现在，苏联人自己可能会以有限的方式开始理解自由的重要性。

We hear much from Moscow about a new policy of reform and openness.

我们从莫斯科听到了很多有关改革开放新政策的消息。

Some political prisoners have been released.

一些政治犯已被释放。

Certain foreign news broadcasts are no longer being jammed.

某些外国新闻广播不再受到干扰。

Some economic enterprises have been permitted to operate with greater freedom from state control.

一些经济企业被允许在不受国家控制的情况下更大程度地运营。

Are these the beginnings of profound changes in the Soviet state?

这是苏联国家深刻变革的开始吗？

Or are they token gestures, intended to raise false hopes in the West, or to strengthen the Soviet system without changing it?

或者它们只是象征性的姿态，旨在给西方带来虚假的希望，或者在不改变苏联制度的情况下加强它？

We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace.

我们欢迎变革和开放；因为我们相信，自由与安全是相辅相成的，人类自由的进步只能加强世界和平事业。

There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace.

苏联可以做出一个明确无误的迹象，这将极大地推进自由与和平的事业。

General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate!

Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate!

戈尔巴乔夫先生，打开这扇门！

Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!

戈尔巴乔夫先生，推倒这堵墙！

I understand the fear of war and the pain of division that afflict this continent–and I pledge to you my country's efforts to help overcome these burdens.

我理解这个大陆对战争的恐惧和分裂的痛苦，我向你们保证我国将努力帮助克服这些负担。

To be sure, we in the West must resist Soviet expansion.

可以肯定的是，我们西方必须抵制苏联的扩张。

So we must maintain defenses of unassailable strength.

因此，我们必须保持无懈可击的防御力量。

Yet we seek peace; so we must strive to reduce arms on both sides.

然而我们寻求和平；因此，我们必须努力削减双方的军备。

Beginning 10 years ago, the Soviets challenged the Western alliance with a grave new threat, hundreds of new and more deadly SS-20 nuclear missiles, capable of-striking every capital in Europe.

The Western alliance responded by committing itself to a counterdeployment unless the Soviets agreed to negotiate a better solution; namely, the elimination of such weapons on both sides.

西方联盟的回应是承诺进行反部署，除非苏联同意通过谈判找到更好的解决方案。即双方消除此类武器。

For many months, the Soviets refused to bargain in earnestness.

几个月来，苏联人拒绝认真讨价还价。

As the alliance, in turn, prepared to go forward with its counterdeployment, there were difficult days–days of protests like those during my 1982 visit to this city–and the Soviets later walked away from the table.

当联盟反过来准备进行反部署时，经历了艰难的日子——像我 1982 年访问这座城市期间那样的抗议活动——后来苏联退出了谈判桌。

But through it all, the alliance held firm.

但尽管如此，联盟仍然坚定不移。

And I invite those who protested then–I invite those who protest today–to mark this fact: Because we remained strong, the Soviets came back to the table.

And because we remained strong, today we have within reach the possibility, not merely of limiting the growth of arms, but of eliminating, for the first time, an entire class of nuclear weapons from the face of the Earth.

由于我们依然强大，今天我们不仅有可能限制军备增长，而且有可能首次从地球表面消除一整类核武器。

As I speak, NATO ministers are meeting in Iceland to review the progress of our proposals for eliminating these weapons.

就在我发言时，北约部长们正在冰岛开会，审查我们消除这些武器的提案的进展情况。

At the talks in Geneva, we have also proposed deep cuts in strategic offensive weapons.

在日内瓦会谈上，我们还提出大幅削减进攻性战略武器。

And the Western allies have likewise made far-reaching proposals to reduce the danger of conventional war and to place a total ban on chemical weapons.

西方盟国也同样提出了影响深远的建议，以减少常规战争的危险并全面禁止化学武器。

While we pursue these arms reductions, I pledge to you that we will maintain the capacity to deter Soviet aggression at any level at which it might occur.

在我们努力削减军备的同时，我向你们保证，我们将保持阻止苏联可能发生的任何级别侵略的能力。

And in cooperation with many of our allies, the United States is pursuing the Strategic Defense Initiative-research to base deterrence not on the threat of offensive retaliation, but on defenses that truly defend; on systems, in short, that will not target populations, but shield them.

美国正在与我们的许多盟友合作，推行战略防御计划——研究将威慑建立在真正防御性防御的基础上，而不是进攻性报复的威胁；简而言之，在系统上，不会针对人群，而是保护他们。

By these means we seek to increase the safety of Europe and all the world.

通过这些方式，我们寻求提高欧洲和全世界的安全。

But we must remember a crucial fact: East and West do not mistrust each other because we are armed; we are armed because we mistrust each other.

但我们必须记住一个至关重要的事实：东方和西方并不因为我们武装起来而相互不信任；我们武装起来是因为我们彼此不信任。

And our differences are not about weapons but about liberty.

我们的分歧不是关于武器，而是关于自由。

When President Kennedy spoke at the City Hall those 24 years ago, freedom was encircled, Berlin was under siege.

24年前，当肯尼迪总统在市政厅发表讲话时，自由被包围，柏林被围困。

And today, despite all the pressures upon this city, Berlin stands secure in its liberty.

今天，尽管这座城市面临着种种压力，柏林的自由依然稳固。

And freedom itself is transforming the globe.

自由本身正在改变世界。

In the Philippines, in South and Central America, democracy has been given a rebirth.

在菲律宾、南美洲和中美洲，民主得到了重生。

Throughout the Pacific, free markets are working miracle after miracle of economic growth.

在整个太平洋地区，自由市场正在创造一个又一个的经济增长奇迹。

In the industrialized nations, a technological revolution is taking place–a revolution marked by rapid, dramatic advances in computers and telecommunications.

In Europe, only one nation and those it controls refuse to join the community of freedom.

在欧洲，只有一个国家及其控制的国家拒绝加入自由共同体。

Yet in this age of redoubled economic growth, of information and innovation, the Soviet Union faces a choice: It must make fundamental changes, or it will become obsolete.

然而，在这个经济增长、信息和创新倍增的时代，苏联面临着一个选择：它必须做出根本性的改变，否则就会被淘汰。

Today thus represents a moment of hope.

因此，今天代表着一个充满希望的时刻。

We in the West stand ready to cooperate with the East to promote true openness, to break down barriers that separate people, to create a safer, freer world.

我们西方国家随时准备与东方合作，促进真正的开放，打破人们之间的隔阂，创造一个更安全、更自由的世界。

And surely there is no better place than Berlin, the meeting place of East and West, to make a start.

当然，没有比柏林这个东西方交汇地更好的起点了。

Free people of Berlin: Today, as in the past, the United States stands for the strict observance and full implementation of all parts of the Four Power Agreement of 1971.

柏林自由人民：今天，与过去一样，美国主张严格遵守并全面执行 1971 年四国协议的所有部分。

Let us use this occasion, the 750th anniversary of this city, to usher in a new era, to seek a still fuller, richer life for the Berlin of the future.

让我们利用这座城市成立 750 周年的契机，开启一个新时代，为未来的柏林寻求更加充实、更加丰富的生活。

Together, let us maintain and develop the ties between the Federal Republic and the Western sectors of Berlin, which is permitted by the 1971 agreement.

让我们共同维护和发展联邦共和国与柏林西区之间的联系，这是 1971 年协议所允许的。

And I invite Mr. Gorbachev: Let us work to bring the Eastern and Western parts of the city closer together, so that all the inhabitants of all Berlin can enjoy the benefits that come with life in one of the great cities of the world.

我邀请戈尔巴乔夫先生：让我们努力使这座城市的东西部更加紧密地联系在一起，以便整个柏林的所有居民都能享受到在世界上最伟大的城市之一生活所带来的好处。

To open Berlin still further to all Europe, East and West, let us expand the vital air access to this city, finding ways of making commercial air service to Berlin more convenient, more comfortable, and more economical.

为了进一步向整个欧洲、东西方开放柏林，让我们扩大通往这座城市的重要航空通道，寻找使飞往柏林的商业航空服务更加便捷、更加舒适和更加经济的方法。

We look to the day when West Berlin can become one of the chief aviation hubs in all central Europe.

我们期待有一天西柏林能够成为整个中欧的主要航空枢纽之一。

With our French and British partners, the United States is prepared to help bring international meetings to Berlin.

美国准备与我们的法国和英国合作伙伴一起帮助将国际会议带到柏林。

It would be only fitting for Berlin to serve as the site of United Nations meetings, or world conferences on human rights and arms control or other issues that call for international cooperation.

柏林作为联合国会议、人权和军备控制或其他需要国际合作问题的世界会议的举办地是再合适不过的了。

There is no better way to establish hope for the future than to enlighten young minds, and we would be honored to sponsor summer youth exchanges, cultural events, and other programs for young Berliners from the East.

没有比启发年轻人的思想更好的方式来建立对未来的希望，我们很荣幸为来自东方的柏林年轻人赞助夏季青年交流、文化活动和其他项目。

Our French and British friends, I'm certain, will do the same.

我确信我们的法国和英国朋友也会这样做。

And it's my hope that an authority can be found in East Berlin to sponsor visits from young people of the Western sectors.

我希望能够在东柏林找到一个权威机构来赞助西方地区的年轻人的访问。

One final proposal, one close to my heart: Sport represents a source of enjoyment and ennoblement, and you many have noted that the Republic of Korea–South Korea–has offered to permit certain events of the 1988 Olympics to take place in the North.

最后一项建议，也是我最关心的一项：体育代表着一种享受和高尚的源泉，你们很多人都注意到大韩民国——韩国——已经提出允许 1988 年奥运会的某些项目在朝鲜举行。

International sports competitions of all kinds could take place in both parts of this city.

各类国际体育赛事均可在该市两地举行。

And what better way to demonstrate to the world the openness of this city than to offer in some future year to hold the Olympic games here in Berlin, East and West?

还有什么比在未来的某一年在柏林、东柏林和西柏林举办奥运会更好的方式向世界展示这座城市的开放性呢？

In these four decades, as I have said, you Berliners have built a great city.

正如我所说，在这四十年里，你们柏林人建设了一座伟大的城市。

You've done so in spite of threats–the Soviet attempts to impose the East-mark, the blockade.

尽管有威胁——苏联试图强加东方标记，即封锁，你们还是这样做了。

Today the city thrives in spite of the challenges implicit in the very presence of this wall.

如今，尽管这堵墙的存在隐含着挑战，但这座城市仍在蓬勃发展。

What keeps you here?

是什么让你留在这里？

Certainly there's a great deal to be said for your fortitude, for your defiant courage.

当然，你的坚韧和反抗的勇气值得称赞。

But I believe there's something deeper, something that involves Berlin's whole look and feel and way of life–not mere sentiment.

但我相信还有更深层次的东西，涉及柏林的整体外观、感觉和生活方式，而不仅仅是情感。

No one could live long in Berlin without being completely disabused of illusions.

没有人能够在柏林长期生活而不完全摆脱幻想。

Something instead, that has seen the difficulties of life in Berlin but chose to accept them, that continues to build this good and proud city in contrast to a surrounding totalitarian presence that refuses to release human energies or aspirations.

相反，它看到了柏林生活的困难，但选择接受它们，继续建设这座美好而自豪的城市，与周围拒绝释放人类能量或愿望的极权主义存在形成鲜明对比。

Something that speaks with a powerful voice of affirmation, that says yes to this city, yes to the future, yes to freedom.

它以强有力的肯定声音表达着对这座城市、对未来、对自由的肯定。

In a word, I would submit that what keeps you in Berlin is love–love both profound and abiding.

总之，我认为让你留在柏林的是爱——深刻而持久的爱。

Perhaps this gets to the root of the matter, to the most fundamental distinction of all between East and West.

也许这触及了问题的根源，触及了东西方之间最根本的区别。

The totalitarian world produces backwardness because it does such violence to the spirit, thwarting the human impulse to create, to enjoy, to worship.

极权主义世界之所以造成落后，是因为它对精神造成了如此大的暴力，阻碍了人类创造、享受和崇拜的冲动。

The totalitarian world finds even symbols of love and of worship an affront.

极权主义世界甚至认为爱和崇拜的象征都是一种侮辱。

Years ago, before the East Germans began rebuilding their churches, they erected a secular structure: the television tower at Alexander Platz.

多年前，在东德人开始重建教堂之前，他们建造了一座世俗建筑：亚历山大广场的电视塔。

Virtually ever since, the authorities have been working to correct what they view as the tower's one major flaw, treating the glass sphere at the top with paints and chemicals of every kind.

几乎从那时起，当局就一直在努力纠正他们认为的塔的一个主要缺陷，用各种油漆和化学品处理顶部的玻璃球。

Yet even today when the Sun strikes that sphere–that sphere that towers over all Berlin–the light makes the sign of the cross.

然而，即使在今天，当太阳照射到那个球体——那个高耸于整个柏林的球体时——光线也会留下十字的标志。

There in Berlin, like the city itself, symbols of love, symbols of worship, cannot be suppressed.

在柏林，就像这座城市本身一样，爱的象征、崇拜的象征是无法压制的。

As I looked out a moment ago from the Reichstag, that embodiment of German unity, I noticed words crudely spray-painted upon the wall, perhaps by a young Berliner, "This wall will fall.

不久前，当我从德国统一的象征——德国国会大厦往外看时，我注意到墙上粗略地喷着一些字，也许是一位年轻的柏林人所画：“这堵墙将会倒塌。

Beliefs become reality." Yes, across Europe, this wall will fall.

信念成为现实。”是的，在整个欧洲，这堵墙将会倒塌。

For it cannot withstand faith; it cannot withstand truth.

因为它无法抵挡信仰；它无法承受真理。

The wall cannot withstand freedom.

围墙无法抵挡自由。

And I would like, before I close, to say one word.

在结束之前我想说一句话。

I have read, and I have been questioned since I've been here about certain demonstrations against my coming.

我读过，自从我来到这里以来，我就一直受到关于某些反对我到来的示威活动的询问。

And I would like to say just one thing, and to those who demonstrate so.

我只想对那些证明这一点的人说一件事。

I wonder if they have ever asked themselves that if they should have the kind of government they apparently seek, no one would ever be able to do what they're doing again.

Thank you and God bless you all.

谢谢你们，愿上帝保佑你们大家。

Note: The President spoke at 2:20 p.m.

注：总统于下午 2:20 发表讲话。

at the Brandenburg Gate.

在勃兰登堡门。

In his opening remarks, he referred to West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl.

在开幕致辞中，他提到了西德总理赫尔穆特·科尔。

Prior to his remarks, President Reagan met with West German President Richard von Weizsacker and the Governing Mayor of West Berlin Eberhard Diepgen at Schloss Bellevue, President Weizsacker's official residence in West Berlin.

Following the meeting, President Reagan went to the Reichstag, where he viewed the Berlin Wall from the East Balcony.

会后，里根总统前往国会大厦，从东阳台观看柏林墙。

Ronald Reagan, Remarks on East-West Relations at the Brandenburg Gate in West Berlin Online by Gerhard Peters and John T.

罗纳德·里根 (Ronald Reagan)，格哈德·彼得斯 (Gerhard Peters) 和约翰·T·里根 (John T.

Woolley, The American Presidency Project https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/252499

伍利，美国总统项目 https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/252499

The American Presidency Project John Woolley and Gerhard Peters Contact

美国总统项目约翰·伍利 (John Woolley) 和格哈德·彼得斯 (Gerhard Peters) 联系方式

中文为机器翻译，仅供参考。