Press Release Announcing U.S. Recognition of Israel (1948)
Citation: President Truman's statement recognizing the State of Israel, May 14, 1948.
引文：杜鲁门总统于 1948 年 5 月 14 日发表声明，承认以色列国。
Charles Ross Papers, 1904-1967, Alphabetical Correspondence File: "Handwriting of the President," Harry S.
查尔斯·罗斯论文，1904-1967 年，按字母顺序对应的文件：“总统的笔迹”，哈里·S·罗斯 (Harry S. Ross)
Truman Library, National Archives and Records Administration.
杜鲁门图书馆，国家档案和记录管理局。
At midnight on May 14, 1948, the Provisional Government of Israel proclaimed a new State of Israel.
1948年5月14日午夜，以色列临时政府宣布成立新的以色列国。
On that same date, the United States recognized the provisional Jewish government as de facto authority of the Jewish state (de jure recognition was extended on January 31, 1949).
同一天，美国承认临时犹太政府是犹太国家事实上的权威（法律上的承认于 1949 年 1 月 31 日延长）。
In 1917, Chaim Weizmann – scientist, statesperson, and supporter of the effort to establish a state of Israel – persuaded the British government to issue a statement favoring the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine.
1917 年，科学家、政治家和建立以色列国的支持者哈伊姆·魏茨曼 (Chaim Weizmann) 说服英国政府发表声明，支持在巴勒斯坦建立犹太民族家园。
The statement, which became known as the Balfour Declaration, was, in part, payment to the Jewish people for their support of the British against the Turks during World War I.
该声明后来被称为《贝尔福宣言》，部分是为了表彰犹太人在第一次世界大战期间支持英国对抗土耳其人。
After the war, the League of Nations ratified the declaration and in 1922 appointed Britain to rule Palestine.
战后，国际联盟批准了该宣言，并于 1922 年指定英国统治巴勒斯坦。
This course of events caused Jewish people to be optimistic about the eventual establishment of a homeland.
这一事件的发展使犹太人对最终建立家园感到乐观。
Their optimism inspired immigration to Palestine from many countries, particularly from Germany when Nazi persecution began.
他们的乐观情绪激发了许多国家的移民，特别是纳粹迫害开始时的德国移民。
The arrival of many Jewish immigrants in the 1930s awakened Arab fears that Palestine would become a national Jewish homeland.
20 世纪 30 年代，许多犹太移民的到来唤醒了阿拉伯人对巴勒斯坦将成为犹太人家园的担忧。
By 1936, guerrilla fighting had broken out between Jews and Arabs.
到了 1936 年，犹太人和阿拉伯人之间爆发了游击战。
Unable to maintain peace, Britain issued a white paper in 1939 that restricted Jewish immigration into Palestine.
由于无法维持和平，英国于1939年发表白皮书，限制犹太人移民巴勒斯坦。
Jewish people, feeling betrayed, bitterly opposed the policy and looked to the United States for support.
感到被背叛的犹太人强烈反对这项政策，并向美国寻求支持。
While President Franklin D.
而总统富兰克林·D.
Roosevelt appeared to be sympathetic to the Jewish cause, his assurances to the Arabs that the United States would not intervene without consulting both parties caused public uncertainty about his position.
罗斯福似乎同情犹太人的事业，他向阿拉伯人保证美国不会在未征询双方意见的情况下进行干预，这引起了公众对他立场的不确定性。
When Harry S.
当哈利·S.
Truman took office, he made clear that his sympathies were with the Jewish people and accepted the Balfour Declaration, explaining that it was in keeping with former President Woodrow Wilson's principle of "self-determination." Truman initiated several studies of the Palestine situation that supported his belief that, as a result of the Holocaust, Jewish people were oppressed and also in need of a homeland.
杜鲁门上任后，明确表示同情犹太人，并接受《贝尔福宣言》，并解释说这符合前总统伍德罗·威尔逊的“自决”原则。杜鲁门发起了几项关于巴勒斯坦局势的研究，这些研究支持了他的信念，即由于大屠杀，犹太人受到压迫，也需要一个家园。
Throughout the Roosevelt and Truman administrations, the Departments of War and State, recognizing the possibility of a Soviet-Arab connection and the potential restriction on oil supplies from Arab nations to the United States, advised against U.S. intervention.
在罗斯福和杜鲁门政府期间，战争部和国务院认识到苏联与阿拉伯国家建立联系的可能性以及阿拉伯国家向美国供应石油的潜在限制，建议不要美国干预。
Britain and the United States, in a joint effort to examine the dilemma, established the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry." In April 1946, the committee submitted recommendations that Palestine not be dominated by either Arabs or Jews.
英国和美国为了共同研究这一困境，成立了“英美调查委员会”。 1946 年 4 月，该委员会提交建议，要求巴勒斯坦既不被阿拉伯人也不被犹太人统治。
It concluded that attempts to establish nationhood or independence would result in civil strife; that a trusteeship agreement aimed at bringing the two peoples together should be established by the United Nations; that full Jewish immigration be allowed into Palestine; and that two autonomous states be established with a strong central government to control Jerusalem, Bethlehem, and the Negev, the southernmost section of Palestine.
它的结论是，建立国家或独立的尝试将导致内乱；联合国应制定一项旨在使两国人民团结起来的托管协定；允许全部犹太人移民进入巴勒斯坦；建立两个拥有强大中央政府的自治国家，控制耶路撒冷、伯利恒和巴勒斯坦最南端的内盖夫。
British, Arab, and Jewish reactions to the recommendations were not favorable.
英国、阿拉伯和犹太人对这些建议的反应并不好。
Britain, anxious to rid itself of the problem, set the United Nations in motion, formally requesting on April 2, 1947, that the UN General Assembly set up the Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP).
英国急于解决这一问题，向联合国发起进攻，于1947年4月2日正式请求联合国大会设立巴勒斯坦问题特别委员会（UNSCOP）。
This committee recommended that the British mandate over Palestine be ended and that the territory be partitioned into two states.
该委员会建议结束英国对巴勒斯坦的托管，并将该领土分为两个国家。
Jewish reaction was mixed—some wanted control of all of Palestine; others realized that partition spelled hope for their dream of a homeland.
犹太人的反应不一——有些人想要控制整个巴勒斯坦；有些人想要控制整个巴勒斯坦。其他人意识到，分裂为他们的祖国梦想带来了希望。
Palestinian Arab leaders and other Arab nations were not at all agreeable to the UNSCOP plan.
巴勒斯坦阿拉伯领导人和其他阿拉伯国家根本不同意联合国特别协调员会议的计划。
In October, the League of Arab States directed the governments of its member states to move troops to the Palestine border.
10月，阿拉伯国家联盟指示其成员国政府向巴勒斯坦边境调兵。
Meanwhile, President Truman instructed the State Department to support the UN plan, and it reluctantly did so.
与此同时，杜鲁门总统指示国务院支持联合国的计划，但国务院不情愿地这样做了。
On November 29, 1947, the partition plan was passed by the UN General Assembly.
1947年11月29日，分治方案获得联合国大会通过。
At midnight on May 14, 1948, the Provisional Government of Israel proclaimed a new State of Israel.
1948年5月14日午夜，以色列临时政府宣布成立新的以色列国。
On that same date, the United States, in the person of President Truman, recognized the provisional Jewish government as de facto authority of the Jewish state (de jure recognition was extended on January 31, 1949).
同一天，美国以杜鲁门总统名义承认临时犹太政府是犹太国家事实上的权威（法律上的承认于 1949 年 1 月 31 日延长）。
The U.S. delegates to the UN and top-ranking State Department officials were angered that Truman released his recognition statement to the press without notifying them first.
美国驻联合国代表和国务院高级官员对杜鲁门在没有事先通知他们的情况下向媒体发布他的认可声明感到愤怒。
On May 15, 1948, the first day of Israeli Independence and exactly one year after UNSCOP was established, Arab armies invaded Israel and the Arab-Israeli War of 1948 began.
1948 年 5 月 15 日，以色列独立的第一天，也就是联合国特别协调员会议成立一年后，阿拉伯军队入侵以色列，1948 年阿以战争爆发。
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This Government has been informed that a Jewish state has been proclaimed in Palestine, and recognition has been requested by the provisional Government thereof.
本届政府获悉，巴勒斯坦已宣布建立犹太国，临时政府已请求承认该国。
The United States recognizes the provisional government as the de facto authority of the new State of Israel.
美国承认临时政府是新以色列国的事实上的权力机构。