19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote (1920)

Citation: Joint Resolution of Congress proposing a constitutional amendment extending the right of suffrage to women, approved June 4, 1919.; Ratified Amendments, 1795-1992; General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives.

引文：国会联合决议提议一项宪法修正案，将选举权扩大到妇女，于 1919 年 6 月 4 日获得批准。批准的修正案，1795-1992；美国政府总记录；记录组11；国家档案馆。

View All Pages in the National Archives Catalog

查看国家档案目录中的所有页面

Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote.

第十九修正案于 1919 年 6 月 4 日由国会通过，并于 1920 年 8 月 18 日批准，赋予妇女投票权。

The 19th amendment legally guarantees American women the right to vote.

第十九修正案从法律上保障美国妇女的投票权。

Achieving this milestone required a lengthy and difficult struggle—victory took decades of agitation and protest.

实现这一里程碑需要经过漫长而艰难的斗争——胜利需要数十年的鼓动和抗议。

Beginning in the mid-19th century, several generations of woman suffrage supporters lectured, wrote, marched, lobbied, and practiced civil disobedience to achieve what many Americans considered a radical change of the Constitution.

从 19 世纪中叶开始，几代女性选举权支持者通过演讲、写作、游行、游说和实践公民不服从来实现许多美国人认为是对宪法的根本性改变。

Few early supporters lived to see final victory in 1920.

很少有早期支持者能活着看到 1920 年的最终胜利。

Beginning in the 1800s, women organized, petitioned, and picketed to win the right to vote, but it took them decades to accomplish their purpose.

从 1800 年代开始，妇女组织起来、请愿并设立纠察线以赢得投票权，但她们花了几十年才实现这一目标。

Between 1878, when the amendment was first introduced in Congress, and August 18, 1920, when it was ratified, champions of voting rights for women worked tirelessly, but strategies for achieving their goal varied.

从 1878 年该修正案首次在国会提出到 1920 年 8 月 18 日获得批准，妇女投票权的倡导者们孜孜不倦地努力，但实现目标的策略各不相同。

Some pursued a strategy of passing suffrage acts in each state—nine western states adopted woman suffrage legislation by 1912.

一些人奉行在每个州通过选举权法案的策略——到 1912 年，西方九个州通过了妇女选举权立法。

Others challenged male-only voting laws in the courts.

其他人则在法庭上对男性投票法提出质疑。

Some suffragists used more confrontational tactics such as picketing, silent vigils, and hunger strikes.

一些妇女参政主义者使用了更具对抗性的策略，例如纠察队、静默守夜和绝食抗议。

Often supporters met fierce resistance.

支持者常常遇到激烈的抵抗。

Opponents heckled, jailed, and sometimes physically abused them.

反对者质问他们、监禁他们，有时还对他们进行身体虐待。

By 1916, almost all of the major suffrage organizations were united behind the goal of a constitutional amendment.

到 1916 年，几乎所有主要选举权组织都团结起来支持宪法修正案的目标。

When New York adopted woman suffrage in 1917 and President Wilson changed his position to support an amendment in 1918, the political balance began to shift.

当纽约于 1917 年通过妇女选举权，威尔逊总统于 1918 年改变立场支持修正案时，政治平衡开始发生变化。

On May 21, 1919, the House of Representatives passed the amendment, and 2 weeks later, the Senate followed.

1919 年 5 月 21 日，众议院通过了修正案，两周后，参议院也通过了修正案。

When Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the amendment on August 18, 1920, the amendment passed its final hurdle of obtaining the agreement of three-fourths of the states.

当田纳西州于 1920 年 8 月 18 日成为第 36 个批准该修正案的州时，该修正案跨过了获得四分之三州同意的最后障碍。

Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby certified the ratification on August 26, 1920, changing the face of the American electorate forever.

1920 年 8 月 26 日，国务卿班布里奇·科尔比签署了该法案，永远改变了美国选民的面貌。

The campaign for woman suffrage was long, difficult, and sometimes dramatic; yet ratification did not ensure full enfranchisement.

争取妇女选举权的运动是漫长、艰难的，有时甚至是戏剧性的。然而批准并不能确保充分的选举权。

Decades of struggle to include African Americans and other minority women in the promise of voting rights remained.

几十年来，让非裔美国人和其他少数族裔妇女参与投票权承诺的斗争依然存在。

Many women remained unable to vote long into the 20th century because of discriminatory state voting laws.

由于歧视性的州投票法，许多女性在 20 世纪很长一段时间内仍然无法投票。

This document is available on DocsTeach, the online tool for teaching with documents from the National Archives.

该文档可在 DocsTeach 上找到，这是一个使用国家档案馆文档进行教学的在线工具。

Find teaching activities that incorporate this document, or create your own online activity .

查找包含本文档的教学活动，或创建您自己的在线活动。

Sixty-sixth Congress of the United States of America; At the First Session,

美利坚合众国第六十六届国会；在第一届会议上，

Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, the nineteenth day of May, one thousand nine hundred and nineteen.

于公元 1919 年五月十九日星期一在华盛顿市开始并举行。

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution extending the right of suffrage to women.

提出宪法修正案，将选举权扩大到妇女。

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein) , That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislature of three-fourths of the several States.

美利坚合众国参议院和众议院在国会中通过决议（各众议院三分之二同意），提出以下条款作为宪法修正案，经四分之三州的立法机构批准后，该条款作为宪法的一部分对所有意图和目的均有效。

"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

“美国或任何州不得因性别而拒绝或剥夺美国公民的投票权。

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

国会有权通过适当的立法强制执行本条。”