13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865)

Citation: The House Joint Resolution Proposing the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, January 31, 1865; Enrolled Acts and Resolutions of Congress, 1789-1999; General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives.

引用：众议院联合决议提出宪法第 13 条修正案，1865 年 1 月 31 日；国会登记法案和决议，1789-1999；美国政府总记录；记录组11；国家档案馆。

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查看国家档案目录中的所有页面

Passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified on December 6, 1865, the 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.

第十三条修正案于 1865 年 1 月 31 日由国会通过，并于 1865 年 12 月 6 日批准，废除了美国的奴隶制。

In 1863 President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation declaring “all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.” Nonetheless, the Emancipation Proclamation did not end slavery in the nation since it only applied to areas of the Confederacy currently in a state of rebellion (and not even to the loyal “border states” that remained in the Union).

1863年，林肯总统发布了《解放奴隶宣言》，宣布“任何州内或州内指定部分的所有被奴役的人，如果其人民反抗合众国，则应获得永远的自由。”尽管如此，《解放奴隶宣言》并没有结束全国的奴隶制，因为它只适用于目前处于叛乱状态的邦联地区（甚至不适用于留在联邦的忠诚的“边境州”）。

Lincoln recognized that the Emancipation Proclamation would have to be followed by a constitutional amendment in order to guarantee the abolishment of slavery.

林肯认识到，《解放奴隶宣言》之后必须进行宪法修正案，以保证废除奴隶制。

The 13th Amendment was passed at the end of the Civil War before the Southern states had been restored to the Union, and should have easily passed in Congress.

第十三修正案是在内战结束时南方各州恢复联邦之前通过的，本来应该很容易在国会获得通过。

However, though the Senate passed it in April 1864, the House initially did not.

然而，尽管参议院于 1864 年 4 月通过了该法案，但众议院最初并未通过。

At that point, Lincoln took an active role to ensure passage through Congress.

此时，林肯发挥了积极作用，确保国会通过该法案。

He insisted that passage of the 13th Amendment be added to the Republican Party platform for the upcoming 1864 Presidential election.

他坚持将第十三修正案的通过纳入共和党即将举行的 1864 年总统选举的纲领中。

His efforts met with success when the House passed the bill in January 1865 with a vote of 119–56.

他的努力取得了成功，众议院于 1865 年 1 月以 119 票对 56 票通过了该法案。

On February 1, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln approved the Joint Resolution of Congress submitting the proposed amendment to the state legislatures.

1865 年 2 月 1 日，亚伯拉罕·林肯总统批准了国会联合决议，向州立法机构提交了拟议的修正案。

The necessary number of states (three-fourths) ratified it by December 6, 1865.

到 1865 年 12 月 6 日，必要数量的州（四分之三）批准了该法案。

The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution provides that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."

美国宪法第十三修正案规定：“奴隶制或非自愿奴役，除非作为对当事人已被正式定罪的犯罪的惩罚，否则在美国境内或受其管辖的任何地方均不存在。”

With the adoption of the 13th Amendment, the United States found a final constitutional solution to the issue of slavery.

随着第十三修正案的通过，美国找到了奴隶制问题的最终宪法解决方案。

The 13th Amendment, along with the 14th and 15th , is one of the trio of Civil War amendments that greatly expanded the civil rights of Americans.

第十三修正案与第十四修正案和第十五修正案是极大地扩大了美国人公民权利的内战三项修正案之一。

This document is available on DocsTeach , the online tool for teaching with documents from the National Archives.

该文档可在 DocsTeach 上找到，这是一个使用国家档案馆文档进行教学的在线工具。

Find teaching activities that incorporate this document, or create your own online activity .

查找包含本文档的教学活动，或创建您自己的在线活动。

Section 1.

第 1 节。

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

奴隶制或非自愿奴役，除非作为对当事人已被正式定罪的犯罪的惩罚，在美国境内或受其管辖的任何地方均不存在。

Section 2.

第 2 节。

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

国会有权通过适当的立法强制执行本条。

Passed by Congress January 31, 1865.

1865 年 1 月 31 日由国会通过。

Ratified December 6, 1865.

1865 年 12 月 6 日批准。

Note: A portion of Article IV, section 2, of the Constitution was superseded by the 13th Amendment.

注：宪法第四条第二款的一部分已被第十三修正案取代。