How does prostate cancer treatment affect mental health?
The long-term outlook for men diagnosed with prostate cancer continues to improve.
被诊断患有前列腺癌的男性的长期前景持续改善。
About 98% are living for 10 years or more after diagnosis, and the survival rate at 15 years now exceeds 95%.
约98%的患者确诊后可存活10年或以上，目前15年生存率已超过95%。
These medical advances, however, have also drawn attention to the mental health challenges many survivors encounter.
然而，这些医学进步也引起了人们对许多幸存者所面临的心理健康挑战的关注。
Treatment side effects (including erectile dysfunction, incontinence, hot flashes, and fatigue, among others) can impose a psychological toll.
治疗副作用（包括勃起功能障碍、失禁、潮热和疲劳等）可能会造成心理损失。
Doctors have gotten better at managing these complications, and many men do recover to some degree, yet it's still common for survivors to struggle with loss of masculine self-esteem and changes in body image.
医生在处理这些并发症方面已经做得更好，许多男性确实得到了一定程度的康复，但幸存者仍然普遍面临男性自尊的丧失和身体形象的变化。
No amount of preparation can fully replace the experience of going through these changes.
再多的准备也无法完全取代经历这些变化的经历。
Still, many prostate cancer survivors describe feeling rushed into making treatment decisions without enough up-front discussion about potential side effects, leading to regrets or second-guessing later on.
尽管如此，许多前列腺癌幸存者表示，他们在没有对潜在副作用进行充分的预先讨论的情况下匆忙做出治疗决定，导致事后后悔或事后猜测。
Patients in general say they would have felt better prepared for cancer treatment with a more comprehensive understanding of what to expect.
患者普遍表示，如果对预期结果有更全面的了解，他们会感觉为癌症治疗做好了更好的准备。
For these reasons, experts emphasize the importance of open communication with the medical team before treatment begins.
出于这些原因，专家强调在治疗开始之前与医疗团队进行坦诚沟通的重要性。
Having detailed conversations about therapeutic options, potential side effects, and expected outcomes can help men decide which choices align best with their values and quality-of-life goals.
详细讨论治疗方案、潜在副作用和预期结果可以帮助男性决定哪些选择最符合他们的价值观和生活质量目标。
Involving family members can help - partners are often supportive.
家庭成员的参与会有所帮助——伴侣通常会提供支持。
Initially after treatment, men are apt to view changes to their masculinity, body image, and self-esteem negatively.
治疗后最初，男性容易对自己的男性气质、身体形象和自尊的变化产生负面看法。
Erectile dysfunction can be especially difficult for younger men, as it disrupts their ideal of natural, spontaneous sexual performance.
勃起功能障碍对于年轻男性来说尤其困难，因为它破坏了他们理想的自然、自发的性表现。
Physical weakness also introduces new limitations; some men may hesitate to spend long periods away from home because of concerns about incontinence.
身体虚弱也带来了新的限制；由于担心失禁，一些男性可能会犹豫是否要长时间离开家。
Men with the strongest masculine ideals typically have the hardest time accommodating their illness, leaving them angry or depressed.
拥有最强烈男性理想的男性通常最难适应自己的疾病，这会让他们感到愤怒或沮丧。
Many men cite long-term changes to sexual functioning as well as the cancer's possible return as their greatest worries.
许多男性将性功能的长期变化以及癌症可能复发视为他们最大的担忧。
Over time, however, psychological burdens may lessen as men begin to accept their new lives as cancer survivors.
然而，随着时间的推移，随着男性开始接受癌症幸存者的新生活，心理负担可能会减轻。
Experts say an important part of this adjustment entails reframing masculinity by adopting new ideals and letting go of others.
专家表示，这种调整的一个重要部分是通过采用新的理想并放弃他人来重新塑造男性气质。
Mentoring in prostate cancer support groups, for instance, can help men reaffirm their masculinity and regain confidence.
例如，前列腺癌支持小组的指导可以帮助男性重申自己的男子气概并重拾信心。
Some cancer survivors say they feel more laid back and less aggressive on hormonal therapies that suppress testosterone.
一些癌症幸存者表示，他们在接受抑制睾丸激素的激素疗法时感觉更加悠闲，不再那么积极。
Others describe more openness in their relationships, stemming from their illness experience.
其他人则表示，由于患病经历，他们的人际关系变得更加开放。
Renegotiating intimacy to focus more on hugging and kissing can also be beneficial.
重新调整亲密关系，更多地关注拥抱和亲吻也是有益的。
For some older men, the loss of libido after treatment may even bring a sense of relief.
对于一些老年男性来说，治疗后性欲的丧失甚至可能带来一种解脱感。
Exercise also improves mental health , even for men with advanced metastatic prostate cancer.
运动还可以改善心理健康，即使对于患有晚期转移性前列腺癌的男性也是如此。
Experts recommend aiming for 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous exercise per week under a doctor's guidance.
专家建议在医生的指导下每周进行150至300分钟的中等强度运动或75至150分钟的剧烈运动。
Ultimately, cancer treatment entails what many men see as an acceptable tradeoff between side effects and a longer life.
最终，许多男性认为癌症治疗需要在副作用和更长的寿命之间进行可接受的权衡。
Yet men should also go into treatment anticipating the changes they will likely experience.
然而，男性在接受治疗时也应该预见到他们可能会经历的变化。
"Having patients more fully understand both the short- and longer-term side effects will help ensure that treatment decisions are correct for the individual," says Dr. Marc Garnick, the Gorman Brothers Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and editor in chief of the Harvard Medical School Guide to Prostate Diseases .
“让患者更全面地了解短期和长期副作用将有助于确保个人的治疗决策是正确的，”哈佛医学院和贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心的戈尔曼兄弟医学教授、哈佛医学院前列腺疾病指南的主编马克·加尼克博士说。
"Prostate cancer support groups can help to explain issues surrounding incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and alterations to body image.
“前列腺癌支持小组可以帮助解释有关失禁、勃起功能障碍和身体形象改变的问题。
As a prostate cancer specialist, I strongly urge patients and their partners and spouses to seek out this readily available assistance."
作为一名前列腺癌专家，我强烈敦促患者及其伴侣寻求这种现成的帮助。”
C.W.
C.W.
Schmidt , Editor, Harvard Medical School Annual Report on Prostate Diseases
施密特，哈佛医学院前列腺疾病年度报告编辑
Marc B.
马克·B.
Garnick, MD , Editor in Chief, Harvard Medical School Annual Report on Prostate Diseases; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing
Garnick，医学博士，哈佛医学院前列腺疾病年度报告主编；哈佛健康出版社编辑顾问委员会成员
As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content.
作为为读者提供的一项服务，哈佛健康出版社提供对我们存档内容库的访问。
Please note the date of last review or update on all articles.
请注意所有文章的最后审查或更新日期。
No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.
本网站上的任何内容，无论日期如何，都不应替代您的医生或其他合格临床医生的直接医疗建议。
What is tempeh?
什么是豆豉？
Benefits, nutrition, and how to use it
好处、营养以及如何使用它
Light exposure at night may raise risk for heart disease
夜间光照可能会增加患心脏病的风险
Whole grains may improve several heart risk factors at once
全谷物可以同时改善多种心脏病危险因素
A lumbar belt may help ease low back pain
腰带可能有助于缓解腰痛
Children of centenarians may stay healthier and live longer too, study finds
研究发现，百岁老人的孩子可能更健康、寿命更长
Signs of pneumonia: Sometimes vague and unexpected
肺炎症状：有时模糊且出乎意料
The surprising link between ovarian cancer and the fallopian tubes
卵巢癌与输卵管之间令人惊讶的联系
Using a vibration plate: What it can — and can't — do for your body
使用振动盘：它能为您的身体做什么，不能做什么
People who walk more or walk faster live longer, study finds
研究发现，走得更多或走得更快的人寿命更长
Get the latest in health news delivered to your inbox!
将最新的健康新闻发送到您的收件箱！