UNGA 2026: How Africa is setting agendas amidst strained multilateral consensus

Ahead of the 81st General Assembly of the United Nations, host Landry Signé is joined by the UN’s Under-Secretary-General and Special Adviser on Africa, Ahunna Eziakonwa.

在第 81 届联合国大会召开之前，东道主兰德里·西涅 (Landry Signé) 与联合国副秘书长兼非洲问题特别顾问阿胡纳·埃齐亚孔瓦 (Ahunna Eziakonwa) 一同出席。

Their discussion highlights the UN’s work to coordinate African development and how African countries themselves are shaping a more sustainable and equitable global system.

他们的讨论强调了联合国协调非洲发展的工作以及非洲国家本身如何塑造一个更加可持续和公平的全球体系。

SIGNÉ: Hello.

签名：你好。

Welcome to season five of the Foresight Africa podcast.

欢迎收看《前瞻非洲》播客第五季。

As always, I’m your host and executive producer, Landry Signé, senior fellow in the Brookings Institution’s Africa Growth Initiative.

一如既往，我是你们的主持人兼执行制片人兰德里·西涅 (Landry Signé)，他是布鲁金斯学会非洲增长倡议的高级研究员。

In this season of the Foresight Africa podcast, we are looking beyond the headlines to see how global shifts in economy, technology, culture, and politics are shaping the relationship between African countries, the United States, and the global community.

在这一季的《前瞻非洲》播客中，我们超越头条新闻，看看全球经济、技术、文化和政治的转变如何塑造非洲国家、美国和国际社会之间的关系。

In today’s episode, we look forward to the 2026 United Nations General Assembly and reflect on how African priorities are shaping and are shaped by the UN’s important work.

在今天的节目中，我们期待 2026 年联合国大会的召开，并反思联合国的重要工作如何塑造非洲的优先事项。

I have the honor of being joined by the United Nations Under-Secretary-General Ahunna Eziakonwa, special adviser on Africa to the United Nation’s Secretary General.

我很荣幸能与联合国副秘书长、联合国秘书长非洲问题特别顾问阿胡娜·埃齐亚康瓦一起出席。

She has an incredibly impactful and long career within the United Nations, including most recently as assistant secretary general and regional director for Africa at the United Nations Development Program.

她在联合国内有着令人难以置信的影响力和长期的职业生涯，包括最近担任联合国开发计划署助理秘书长和非洲区域主任。

USG Eziakonwa, thank you so much for joining us today for this very important conversation.

Eziakonwa 副秘书长，非常感谢您今天参加我们这次非常重要的对话。

SIGNÉ: Excellent!

西涅： 太棒了！

USG, you have had an impressive career in the United Nations spanning over 30 years.

副秘书长，您在联合国工作了 30 多年，取得了令人印象深刻的职业生涯。

Do you think the role of the United Nations has changed since you first joined?

您认为自您加入以来，联合国的作用是否发生了变化？

And how do you think the current moment has impacted the organization’s work?

您认为当前时刻对组织的工作有何影响？

And it was, you know, it was a world that was shaped by the optimism of the immediate post-Cold War environment.

你知道，这是一个由冷战后环境的乐观情绪塑造的世界。

There was a lot of optimism around that, and it was the era that gave birth to the MDGs, for instance.

对此有很多乐观情绪，例如，正是这个时代催生了千年发展目标。

Imperfect as they may have been, there was a a real sense that we had a common destiny, a common direction.

尽管他们可能不完美，但我们确实有一种共同的命运、共同的方向。

There was consensus around that.

对此达成了共识。

Today, I think that consensus is under strain.

今天，我认为共识正面临压力。

And in terms of, you know, the geopolitical context and contestation, there’s a lot more competition and questions around whether we really are on the same page in terms of the future, our common future.

就地缘政治背景和争论而言，围绕我们在未来、我们共同的未来方面是否真的达成共识，存在更多的竞争和问题。

And that, of course, is having some impact on on our work.

当然，这对我们的工作产生了一些影响。

SIGNÉ: Insightful, USG!

签名： 富有洞察力，美国政府！

As we head into the 81st General Assembly, how do you see African countries and their priorities being reflected in the UN’s agenda?

在我们即将召开第 81 届大会之际，您如何看待非洲国家及其优先事项在联合国议程中的反映？

And what do you think African countries hope to accomplish in this year’s UNGA?

您认为非洲国家希望在今年的联大取得什么成果？

The Pact for the Future, Africa had a big voice there and actually influenced its adoption as well.

《未来公约》中，非洲有很大的发言权，实际上也影响了它的采用。

And we also see in the COPs, the climate change debates, a big role that Africa is playing.

我们还在缔约方会议、气候变化辩论中看到非洲正在发挥的重要作用。

So you have a continent that is no longer arriving at the GA or these global forums as passive recipients of agendas that are set elsewhere, but are really increasingly seeing themselves, the member states of the continent, seeing themselves more as shapers and and co-architects of the agendas that are coming up.

因此，非洲大陆在出席大会或这些全球论坛时不再是其他地方制定的议程的被动接受者，而是越来越多地把自己，即非洲大陆的成员国，更多地视为即将提出的议程的塑造者和共同设计者。

African countries are under no illusion that, you know, their priorities will be immediately the priorities of others.

你知道，非洲国家并不抱有任何幻想，他们的优先事项将立即成为其他国家的优先事项。

So they are sharpening their case and also maintaining, I think quite significant clarity on what Africa’s priorities are.

因此，他们正在强化自己的观点，并且我认为非洲的优先事项非常明确。

I can probably name a few that I think African member states will push quite strongly at the GA.

我大概可以举出一些我认为非洲成员国将在大会上大力推动的例子。

One is the almighty issue around global governance architecture and the need to push for reform in that construct, whether it is with the Security Council or other bodies.

一是围绕全球治理架构的重大问题，以及推动该架构改革的必要性，无论是与安理会还是其他机构。

So I think there is a real push and relentless effort there that a continent of 1.4 billion people, and by far the largest regional bloc in this house, cannot have a voice on the Council.

因此，我认为，有一个真正的推动和不懈的努力，使一个拥有 14 亿人口的大陆以及迄今为止在众议院中最大的区域集团无法在安理会拥有发言权。

I think that that is becoming increasingly untenable and an issue that African member states will continue to advocate for.

我认为这越来越站不住脚，也是非洲成员国将继续倡导的一个问题。

I think the second one is around the, again, reform of the global financial architecture.

我认为第二个问题同样是围绕全球金融架构的改革。

This is really important for the continent, and some of those conversations begun already in Sevilla on the Fourth Financing for Development conference, and important milestones were reached.

这对于非洲大陆来说确实很重要，其中一些对话已经在塞维利亚第四次发展融资会议上开始，并达到了重要的里程碑。

I think there will be a desire on the Africa side to see a continuation, a follow-up to some of those commitments that were made.

我认为非洲方面希望看到已经做出的一些承诺得以延续、采取后续行动。

African countries are worried about debt, quite rightly so.

非洲国家担心债务，这是理所当然的。

But the cost of capital, for instance, credit rating methodologies, you know, SDRs and their re-channeling.

但是资本成本，例如信用评级方法，特别提款权及其重新渠道。

But above all, the fact that this system was not created really for the era that we’re facing now, and therefore needs to be adjusted.

但最重要的是，这个系统并不是真正针对我们现在面临的时代而创建的，因此需要进行调整。

So that misalignment is something that Africa feels in all of its economies and structures, and there will be a push for more reform of the financial architecture to be more in step with what the needs of developing countries are and and indeed of Africa.

因此，非洲在其所有经济体和结构中都感受到了这种失调，因此将推动对金融架构进行更多改革，以更加符合发展中国家乃至非洲的需求。

I think the third is around climate, you know, climate finance.

我认为第三个是围绕气候，你知道，气候金融。

The fact that this is a continent that, its share of emissions is still at the very bottom.

事实上，这是一个排放量份额仍处于最低水平的大陆。

However, the impact on the continent is huge.

然而，对非洲大陆的影响却是巨大的。

And and so you would find the Africa voice around issues to do with delivery on loss and damage, for instance, but also more financing towards adaptation.

因此，你会发现非洲围绕与损失和损害的交付有关的问题发出了声音，而且还为适应提供了更多资金。

I think there will be many voices around the issue of industrialization and value addition in terms of the energy security and Africa’s critical minerals.

我认为围绕能源安全和非洲关键矿产方面的工业化和增值问题会有很多声音。

You know, having transformation at home rather than just exportation in their raw form so that, you know, these minerals can also create job opportunities for Africa’s youth, but also the continent can mine a lot more value from from its own natural resources.

你知道，在国内进行转型而不仅仅是以原始形式出口，这样，你知道，这些矿物还可以为非洲年轻人创造就业机会，而且非洲大陆也可以从自己的自然资源中挖掘更多价值。

I think peace and security will also find echoes here, particularly on the situations that are still unfinished business on the African continent.

我认为和平与安全也会在这里得到回应，特别是在非洲大陆尚未解决的问题上。

Issues around the the the Horn of Africa, the Sudans for instance, the Great Lakes region, the Sahel, violent extremism in particular.

非洲之角问题，例如苏丹问题，大湖区问题，萨赫勒问题，特别是暴力极端主义问题。

I I think you will find advocacy around ensuring that Africa-led initiatives and operations, find global support.

我认为您会找到围绕确保非洲主导的倡议和行动获得全球支持的宣传。

So these are some of the areas I believe will be focus areas for for member states from the continent.

因此，我认为这些领域将成为非洲大陆成员国关注的重点领域。

Looking to your current role, the Office of the Special Adviser on Africa was established to coordinate the support of the United Nations and its members for African development, peace, and security.

鉴于你目前的职责，非洲问题特别顾问办公室的成立是为了协调联合国及其会员国对非洲发展、和平与安全的支持。

As you step into the organization, what mark do you hope to leave on the office work, and where do you see the greatest opportunity to accelerate support for African countries?

当您进入该组织时，您希望在办公室工作中留下什么印记？您认为加速对非洲国家支持的最大机会在哪里？

But I I I come also quite open to work with others, particularly the Africa Group here in New York, the African Union, but also sister agencies of the Secretariat and the, and the funds and programs to really co-create a vision that is in line with the demands of the day and also that takes into account the the geopolitical context that has evolved and is evolving.

但我也非常愿意与其他人合作，特别是纽约的非洲集团、非洲联盟，还有秘书处的姐妹机构以及各基金和计划署，以真正共同创造一个符合当今要求并考虑到已经演变和正在演变的地缘政治背景的愿景。

So, you know, I I I don’t come with pre- determined vision here, but really a an open mind and a willingness to shape it with others.

所以，你知道，我来这里并没有预先确定的愿景，而是真正开放的心态和与他人一起塑造它的意愿。

But but I think I am driven by a few instincts that I bring with me.

但我认为我是被我带来的一些本能所驱动的。

One is agility, and and I think I will be quite hesitant and even refuse to invest a lot of my energy in processes and and structures at the expense of of agility.

一是敏捷性，我想我会非常犹豫，甚至拒绝以牺牲敏捷性为代价，在流程和结构上投入大量精力。

I think we have established a lot of systems, and I think this is the moment where we say all systems go.

我认为我们已经建立了很多系统，我认为现在是我们说所有系统都运行的时刻。

You know, we need to really be in tune with the urgency that the issues on the table demand.

你知道，我们需要真正适应摆在桌面上的问题所要求的紧迫性。

And and we need to position an office like this with that spirit and letter of agility.

我们需要以敏捷的精神和文字来定位这样的办公室。

I think the second instinct I have is on partnerships, that, you know, this is a a small, tight office, and I will not be under any illusion that we can, you know, be all of what Africa needs at all times, and that we can go it alone.

我认为我的第二个本能是关于伙伴关系，你知道，这是一个小而紧张的办公室，我不会抱有任何幻想，你知道，我们可以满足非洲在任何时候所需要的一切，并且我们可以单独行动。

I think it’s gonna be important to network this office and and make sure that we have the right— we’re connecting with the right platforms, but also playing that connection role, connecting and convening role.

我认为建立这个办公室的网络非常重要，并确保我们拥有正确的权利——我们与正确的平台建立联系，但同时也发挥着连接作用，连接和召集作用。

Africa today is actually highly sought after by many parts of the world because of its resources.

今天的非洲实际上因其资源而受到世界许多地区的高度追捧。

And it’s going to be important to understand those partnerships, to be able to to move them in the direction that favors the continent’s development and trajectory, and and to provide advisory that helps Africa shape more meaningful partnerships.

重要的是要了解这些伙伴关系，以便能够将它们推向有利于非洲大陆发展和轨迹的方向，并提供帮助非洲塑造更有意义的伙伴关系的咨询。

But also, you know, this concept of convening is another instinct that I really will home in on as as I as I do this job.

而且，你知道，这种召集的概念是我在从事这项工作时真正会关注的另一种本能。

So if I can get OSAA into a position where it is highly networked, it has that depth in terms of data credibility so that whatever advice we’re providing is well informed by credible data.

因此，如果我能让 OSAA 处于高度网络化的状态，那么它在数据可信度方面就具有一定的深度，这样我们提供的任何建议都会得到可靠数据的充分支持。

So there’s a lot of emphasis that we’ll be placing on data.

因此，我们将非常重视数据。

And and also that we’re networked within the house, but also beyond the United Nations, you know, looking at the private sector space, but also the diaspora space.

而且我们在内部建立了网络，但也在联合国之外，你知道，看看私营部门空间，也看看侨民空间。

SIGNÉ: This is an incredibly wonderful agenda, and we look forward to watching you seize these opportunities.

SIGNÉ：这是一个非常精彩的议程，我们期待看到您抓住这些机会。

I’m particularly excited that the first point you mentioned is agility, especially given the velocity and the complexity of the world in which we are living now.

我特别兴奋的是，你提到的第一点是敏捷性，特别是考虑到我们现在生活的世界的速度和复杂性。

USG, you recently served in the UN Development Program, UNDP, as assistant secretary-general and director of the Africa Bureau.

副秘书长，您最近在联合国开发计划署、联合国开发计划署担任助理秘书长和非洲局局长。

As you reflect upon your time in the UNDP, what do you see as your biggest accomplishment, and how do you see the work ahead of you with OSAA interacting with the UNDP’s Africa’s agenda?

当您回顾您在 UNDP 的时光时，您认为您最大的成就是什么？您如何看待 OSAA 未来与 UNDP 非洲议程互动的工作？

And so while I was there, my my focus was quite clear.

所以当我在那里时，我的注意力非常清晰。

One was not to drive an agenda for the continent where Africa was seen through the lens of problems rather than opportunities and the promise that the continent holds.

一是不要推动非洲大陆的议程，因为人们从问题的角度而不是非洲大陆所拥有的机会和希望的角度来看待非洲。

That was, for me, a point of departure, and that guided everything that we did.

对我来说，这是一个出发点，它指导着我们所做的一切。

That there were enough, there are enough PhDs that have been written about Africa’s problems.

关于非洲问题的博士论文已经足够多了。

We’re not in denial that there are problems, but also those problems are so well known.

我们并不否认存在问题，但这些问题也是众所周知的。

But our role was now not to continue peddling and managing the problem narrative, but rather to home in on the opportunity narrative.

但我们现在的角色不是继续兜售和管理问题叙述，而是专注于机会叙述。

Because for every problem that you identify on the Africa continent, there are 10 opportunities that not only, you know, address a problem, but also create a well of new solutions for for the future.

因为对于您在非洲大陆发现的每个问题，都有 10 个机会，您知道，它们不仅可以解决问题，而且还可以为未来创造大量新的解决方案。

So we really focused on on this narrative of the opportunity lens for Africa.

因此，我们真正关注的是非洲机会镜头的叙述。

The second is also to recognize that Africa’s greatest asset, perhaps the most underpriced asset, was its youth.

第二个也是要认识到非洲最大的资产，也许是最被低估的资产，是它的年轻人。

This was something that was very close to my heart because as I went from country to country, I was in touch with this asset in real times, and no one could convince me that this was not gold.

这是我非常关心的事情，因为当我从一个国家到另一个国家时，我实时接触到这种资产，没有人能让我相信这不是黄金。

And the the only thing that kept me up at night is a feeling that we had not quite recognized and connected with this powerhouse of Africa’s youth, and the need to invest in that asset in a way that made them incredible allies for development.

唯一让我彻夜难眠的是一种感觉，我们还没有完全认识到这一非洲青年的力量并与之建立联系，也没有必要以一种使他们成为发展的不可思议的盟友的方式投资于这一资产。

And linked to that is the lever, the, you know, maybe most under-resourced lever for putting up that opportunity that I described earlier was innovation, Africa-led innovation.

与此相关的是杠杆，你知道，也许资源最匮乏的杠杆可以提供我之前描述的机会，那就是创新，非洲主导的创新。

And we began to see this post COVID, that this was a continent of ideas and and that we had a population that could give those ideas legs if only we would equip them with the right instruments, including technology and resources, financial resources and the like.

我们开始看到新冠疫情之后，这是一个充满思想的大陆，只要我们为这些思想配备正确的工具，包括技术和资源、财政资源等，我们的人民就可以为这些思想提供支持。

And and I think the fourth element is the the women, really unleashing the power of women on the continent.

我认为第四个要素是女性，真正释放了非洲大陆女性的力量。

Women political leaders, women entrepreneurs, the fact that we have to unleash the power of 50% of the population or even more, in the area of governance, in the area of finance, in the area of, you know, climate change and response to it, energy.

女性政治领袖、女性企业家，事实上，我们必须在治理领域、金融领域、气候变化及其应对领域、能源领域释放 50% 甚至更多人口的力量。

And Africa had actually under-invested in its women, and we needed to open up the doors for women to play their role with an empowerment that’s not been there.

事实上，非洲对女性的投资不足，我们需要为女性打开大门，让她们发挥自己的作用，并给予她们目前尚不存在的赋权。

You know, women play their role, but with a huge struggle.

你知道，女性虽然扮演着自己的角色，但也经历了巨大的挣扎。

And so it’s how we limit the structural obstacles that women find themselves in that, that limits the contributions that they make to the development of the continent.

因此，我们如何限制女性在这方面遇到的结构性障碍，限制了她们对非洲大陆发展的贡献。

Maybe lastly is is really looking at regional integration, and we did a lot of investment in the Africa Continental Free Trade Area.

也许最后是真正着眼于区域一体化，我们在非洲大陆自由贸易区进行了大量投资。

I was really convinced as soon as I took up this job that it was critical to support the implementation of this game changer on the continent.

当我接手这份工作时，我真的确信支持这个改变游戏规则的项目在非洲大陆的实施至关重要。

And I think we will see a lot more coming out of there for the future.

我认为未来我们会看到更多的成果。

And that’s the bridge to OSAA really is trying to to invest in implementation, in convening that will bring the systems together in looking at domestic resource mobilization and how we can make Africa’s resources work for Africa’s development.

这就是通往 OSAA 的桥梁，它确实在努力投资实施，召集会议，将各个系统聚集在一起，研究国内资源调动以及我们如何使非洲的资源为非洲的发展服务。

You know, so there are lots of bridges between this office and what I I think we were able to accomplish during my term at the Africa Bureau in UNDP.

你知道，所以在这个办公室和我认为我们在开发计划署非洲局任职期间能够完成的工作之间有很多桥梁。

SIGNÉ: Amazing!

西涅：太棒了！

This year, the UN will be choosing a new secretary-general as António Guterres’ second term comes to an end.

今年，随着安东尼奥·古特雷斯第二任期的结束，联合国将选出一位新秘书长。

For our listeners, can you describe why the position of secretary-general is so important, what kind of work they do, and how your office supports and advises this work?

您能否向我们的听众介绍一下为什么秘书长的职位如此重要，他们从事哪些工作，以及您的办公室如何支持和建议这项工作？

But these times actually also show that what has not changed is the reason why the United Nations exists.

但这些时代其实也表明，没有改变的是联合国存在的理由。

That in a world where we’re facing compounding problems, you know, it’s it’s it’s global issues that affect all of us, whether it’s pandemics or climate change or, you know, some of the issues around global financing, trade.

在我们面临复杂问题的世界里，影响我们所有人的都是全球性问题，无论是流行病还是气候变化，或者是围绕全球融资、贸易的一些问题。

You know, these are all global issues, but we haven’t even talked about AI and digital governance, related issues.

你知道，这些都是全球性问题，但我们甚至还没有谈论人工智能和数字治理相关问题。

They are issues that require a place like the United Nations and a leader like the secretary-general to convene the member states, the members of this global community to discuss and reach consensus on how we move forward.

这些问题需要联合国这样的场所和秘书长这样的领导人召集会员国和国际社会的成员来讨论并就我们如何前进达成共识。

And indeed, our current secretary-general has done a lot of that convening around our digital future, for instance, around international tax cooperation, around climate change and the impact that it is having.

事实上，我们现任秘书长围绕我们的数字未来召开了很多会议，例如围绕国际税务合作、气候变化及其影响。

And this role I don’t think will change.

我认为这个角色不会改变。

I think it will continue to be quite important because there are more and more issues that are of a global nature that cannot—that are borderless, cannot be tackled within a single border.

我认为这将继续非常重要，因为越来越多的全球性问题无法在单一边界内解决，这些问题是无国界的，无法在单一边界内解决。

And, and it’s it’s really calling for a position such as that one.

而且，它确实需要这样一个职位。

And I think for Africa, the role of the secretary-general is critical, you know.

我认为对于非洲来说，秘书长的作用至关重要，你知道。

And and I’m really pleased to be in this privileged position of having to advise and bring evidence to bear on the decisions that will affect the continent, you know.

而且我真的很高兴能够处于这个特权地位，必须为影响非洲大陆的决策提供建议并提供证据，你知道。

These are some of the global decisions as well on, on financing for instance, on trade.

这些也是一些关于融资、贸易等方面的全球决策。

Africa is still developing, and it does need a conducive global environment to be able to power its development.

非洲仍在发展中，确实需要有利的国际环境为其发展提供动力。

And so the role of the secretary-general in ensuring, first of all, that Africa is at the table and that Africa’s voice matters, and Africa’s voice is influential.

因此，秘书长的作用首先是确保非洲参与谈判，非洲的声音很重要，非洲的声音具有影响力。

I mean, this is, after all, the continent that will be responsible for one in four persons on this planet coming from Africa by 2050.

我的意思是，到 2050 年，这片大陆将有四分之一的人口来自非洲。

So the demographic power of this region cannot be ignored.

因此，该地区的人口力量不容忽视。

It has to be recognized, and it has to be weighted in the way the UN positions issues, and and Africa’s voice has to be strong there.

它必须得到承认，必须在联合国定位问题的方式中得到重视，而且非洲的声音必须在那里强有力。

So I would see also doing a lot of groundwork for the secretary-general in terms of making sure that the data, the evidence is there, is credible, making sure that Africa’s platforms and, and networks are part of the conversation, and that, you know, Africa is taken seriously, because it does have something to contribute.

因此，我认为还需要为秘书长做很多基础工作，以确保数据和证据是可信的，确保非洲的平台和网络成为对话的一部分，并且，你知道，非洲受到认真对待，因为它确实可以做出一些贡献。

But also on the issues of justice, whether it’s climate justice or, you know, justice in the way in the international system is shaped.

还有正义问题，无论是气候正义，还是国际体系中形成的正义。

Because even though Africa is going to be having to work hard at home to strengthen its economies, it will need a global system that’s fair and that’s able to, you know, to facilitate and foster prosperity on the continent as well.

因为尽管非洲必须在国内努力加强其经济，但它也需要一个公平的全球体系，而且你知道，这个体系也能够促进和促进非洲大陆的繁荣。

SIGNÉ: Wonderful!

西涅：太棒了！

Amidst many countries drawing back on official development assistance, ODA, how can organizations like the UN keep development relevant and adapt the development landscape to the current moment?

在许多国家依赖官方发展援助（ODA）的情况下，像联合国这样的组织如何保持发展的相关性并调整发展格局以适应当前形势？

Let’s be clear.

让我们说清楚。

I don’t think ODA was ever going to be …

我认为官方发展援助永远不会……

to shape the future of development on the African continent.

塑造非洲大陆发展的未来。

It has had a place, but not at the center.

它曾经占有一席之地，但不在中心。

You know?

你知道？

What is going to really make a difference for a continent, its, its ability to mobilize its own resources and generate its own economies into economies that work to build systems and structures that allow Africa’s wealth to be mobilized for its people.

真正对非洲大陆产生影响的是它调动自己的资源并将自己的经济发展成为致力于建立能够为非洲人民调动财富的体系和结构的经济体的能力。

You know, that that’s really what’s going to make a difference.

你知道，这确实会带来改变。

Now, there is some role for ODA there in terms of de-risking and and and catalyzing some of these changes that are required.

现在，官方发展援助在降低风险和促进一些必要的变革方面发挥着一定作用。

But in the main, it’s really a shift to regional integration and regional trade.

但总的来说，这确实是向区域一体化和区域贸易的转变。

It’s a shift to investment, as opposed to to, you know, being locked into an aid framework.

这是向投资的转变，而不是被锁定在援助框架中。

So increasing trade within the continent, intra-Africa trade, you know, improving on on also movement of the people across borders, free movement, so that services and goods can move freely and and flourish.

因此，增加非洲大陆内部的贸易，非洲内部的贸易，改善人员跨境流动、自由流动，以便服务和商品能够自由流动和繁荣。

It’s going to involve transformation of Africa’s wealth, Africa’s raw wealth.

这将涉及非洲财富、非洲原始财富的转变。

Critical minerals, as I said earlier, is very much in high demand today.

正如我之前所说，当今对关键矿物的需求量很大。

And if you start to add value to them rather than export them in their raw state, it’s going to make a big difference in the economies.

如果你开始增加它们的价值，而不是以原始状态出口它们，这将对经济产生巨大的影响。

So it’s, it’s what we are calling sort of the flow of resources within each country.

所以，这就是我们所说的每个国家内部的资源流动。

Being able to control that.

能够控制这一点。

Every country must control and own the flow of its own resources in its economies for this to really happen.

为了真正实现这一目标，每个国家都必须控制和拥有本国资源在其经济中的流动。

But also the investment in young people.

还有对年轻人的投资。

You know, Africa’s future in terms of its development, that’s where ODA has played a a key role, and I hope that whatever is left of it can continue to be pushed into this area, human capital development.

你知道，非洲未来的发展，官方发展援助发挥了关键作用，我希望剩下的一切都可以继续推向这个领域，即人力资本发展。

Making sure that the education sector is well-resourced and able to produce young people who can compete globally.

确保教育部门资源充足，能够培养具有全球竞争力的年轻人。

That that is really key.

这确实是关键。

But also technology transfer and, and all of that.

还有技术转让等等。

So I I think there’s a there’s a major shift from just being locked into the aid framework to understanding domestic resource mobilization investment opportunities.

所以我认为，从仅仅局限于援助框架到了解国内资源调动投资机会，这是一个重大转变。

So Africa, not as a destination for aid as such, but as a destination for for serious investment.

因此，非洲本身并不是援助的目的地，而是认真投资的目的地。

SIGNÉ: I really love the idea of serious investment and really insightful perspective, USG Eziakonwa.

SIGNÉ：我真的很喜欢认真投资的想法和真正富有洞察力的观点，USG Eziakonwa。

As we approach the 2030 deadline for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, there is still a gap on achieving many of the SDGs.

随着联合国可持续发展目标 2030 年最后期限的临近，许多可持续发展目标的实现仍存在差距。

In 2025, the UN noted that only about 35% of the SDGs were on track to be achieved by 2030.

2025 年，联合国指出，到 2030 年，只有约 35% 的可持续发展目标有望实现。

What can the UN and its partner do to advance progress against these goals?

联合国及其合作伙伴可以采取哪些措施来推动实现这些目标？

And and this is the challenge of this last few years of the SDGs.

这就是可持续发展目标最后几年面临的挑战。

How how do we turn the lens to structural issues that underpin a country’s ability to lift, you know, their their people out of poverty?

我们如何将镜头转向支撑一个国家让其人民摆脱贫困的能力的结构性问题？

It is in so many different areas.

它存在于许多不同的领域。

War is one of them, conflict, insecurity.

战争、冲突、不安全就是其中之一。

As we always say, there is no development without peace and no peace without development.

我们常说，没有和平就没有发展，没有发展就没有和平。

And then human rights and and all of that.

然后是人权等等。

I think these underlying structural impediments have to be a a good focus.

我认为必须重点关注这些潜在的结构性障碍。

Development itself will run on a smoother rail if we were able to tackle some of these structural issues and not just focus on the symptomatic issues.

如果我们能够解决其中一些结构性问题，而不仅仅是关注表象问题，那么发展本身就会走得更顺畅。

So there is where my hope lies, that as the world’s attention begins to turn towards really what is beneath the surface of what makes a country, a continent, a region develop and invest there, I I think we will see greater speed in the aspirations that we have.

因此，我希望，随着世界的注意力开始真正转向一个国家、一个大陆、一个地区发展和投资的深层原因，我认为我们将看到我们的愿望以更快的速度实现。

SIGNÉ: Insightful, USG!

签名： 富有洞察力，美国政府！

How does the UN coordinate and interact with the African Union Development Agency, AUDA-NEPAD, on the topic of African development?

联合国如何与非洲联盟发展机构AUDA-NEPAD就非洲发展议题进行协调和互动？

And likewise, how do you see the African Union’s Agenda 2063 complementing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals?

同样，您如何看待非洲联盟的《2063 年议程》对联合国可持续发展目标的补充？

Now, with regards to the coordination aspects, there are several initiatives that are on the table between the commission and the UN system leadership is something called the College to College, which this office, under the guidance of the deputy secretary general, has championed in the last couple of years, where we’re bringing face to face the executive directors of UN entities with the commissioners of the AUC to listen to the priorities of the commissioners in the different sectors, whether it’s trade and and and infrastructure or education, and and doing a matching of those entities so that we can understand how UN activities can directly answer some of the priorities that those commissioners have under the 10-year implementation plan.

现在，关于协调方面，委员会和联合国系统领导层之间提出了几项倡议，称为“学院到学院”，该办公室在副秘书长的指导下，在过去几年中一直倡导这一倡议，我们让联合国实体的执行主任与 AUC 的专员面对面，听取不同部门专员的优先事项，无论是贸易、基础设施还是教育，并对这些实体进行匹配，以便我们能够可以了解联合国的活动如何能够直接回答这些专员在十年实施计划中确定的一些优先事项。

And now we’re on the second 10-year implementation plan.

现在我们正在制定第二个十年实施计划。

And now we’ve actually, as OSAA, led the development of a dashboard that will enable us to see more clearly how the direction of UN investments in those priorities of the African Union and and be able to monitor and account for that.

现在，我们实际上作为 OSAA 领导了一个仪表板的开发，使我们能够更清楚地了解联合国对非洲联盟这些优先事项的投资方向，并能够对其进行监控和说明。

So it’s becoming quite real.

所以它变得非常真实。

You know, we’re not just talking about having meetings.

你知道，我们不仅仅是在谈论开会。

We’re actually going to have data that shows us where the gaps are, where perhaps we’re having a lot of overlap, and where we are under-resourced and will need to seek more resources.

实际上，我们将获得数据来显示差距在哪里，哪里可能有很多重叠，以及我们在哪里资源不足，需要寻求更多资源。

So it’s the alignment that we’re focused on currently.

所以这是我们目前关注的重点。

AUDA-NEPAD is is is part of that process.

AUDA-NEPAD 是该进程的一部分。

And of course, we have the secretary general and the AU chairperson meeting annually on a high level, you know, forum where they also bring the political weight of both offices to bear on the relationship.

当然，我们每年都会举行秘书长和非盟主席高级别会议，他们也在论坛上利用两个办公室的政治影响力来影响两国关系。

So I think it’s it’s it’s work in progress, but the key principle is that the United Nations follows and supports the aspirations and priorities laid out by the African Union and Africa member states.

所以我认为这是一项正在进行的工作，但关键原则是联合国遵循并支持非洲联盟和非洲成员国提出的愿望和优先事项。

And on the two agendas, they’re not in contradiction.

在这两个议程上，它们并不矛盾。

We believe, you know, the 2063 agenda is the African Union’s vision for the Africa we want.

我们相信，2063 年议程是非洲联盟对我们想要的非洲的愿景。

And the 2030 agenda is the global framework to facilitate its implementation, its delivery.

2030 年议程是促进其实施和交付的全球框架。

SIGNÉ: Fantastic!

西涅：太棒了！

Finally, looking back on your career, what drew you towards work in the multilateral space, and what message would you share to African youth looking to make a difference in your countries and across the continent?

最后，回顾你的职业生涯，是什么吸引你在多边领域工作，你想向那些希望为你的国家和整个非洲大陆做出贡献的非洲青年传达什么信息？

Especially to African young girls and women.

尤其是对于非洲年轻女孩和妇女。

And and that sort of fueled my interest in in Africa and passion for Africa, but also in a global organization like the the United Nations, which works to make sure that all voices are heard and can be sort of put on the same platform.

这激发了我对非洲的兴趣和热情，也激发了我对像联合国这样的全球组织的兴趣和热情，它致力于确保所有声音都能被听到并可以放在同一个平台上。

I think, you know, my view in terms of looking at the younger generation and and it’s it’s very difficult to advise this generation.

我认为，你知道，我对年轻一代的看法，很难为这一代人提供建议。

They have a completely different landscape that has informed them.

他们拥有完全不同的风景。

But I think there’s a core principle that I think applies irrespective of what generation you grew in, and it is this principle of volunteerism.

但我认为有一个核心原则无论你成长在哪一代人都适用，这就是志愿服务原则。

For me, I think that really helped to shape my character apart from what my parents put in put in me.

对我来说，我认为这确实有助于塑造我的性格，与我父母对我的教育不同。

Just this idea of service of, you know, when you’re young and able to actually go out and serve.

你知道，当你年轻并且能够真正出去服务时，就是这种服务理念。

You know, I spent five years post-college as a volunteer in different institutions, and that took me into rooms that really helped to shape my my character, my worldview, my self-discipline, my yes, my sort of sense of ethical work culture.

你知道，我大学毕业后在不同的机构做了五年的志愿者，这让我进入了真正有助于塑造我的性格、我的世界观、我的自律，我的，是的，我的道德工作文化意识的房间。

If we don’t learn to serve, it’s very difficult to embrace and deliver leadership effectively.

如果我们不学会服务，就很难有效地接受和发挥领导力。

It really has to be part of your journey.

它确实必须成为您旅程的一部分。

And to young people, I’m not just talking about go do an internship.

对于年轻人来说，我所说的不仅仅是去实习。

I’m actually saying, and I was just talking to some of our interns this afternoon, you need to invest the early years of your life in the work, in the in the idea of service, of volunteering wherever, in a community, in a school.

我实际上是说，今天下午我刚刚与我们的一些实习生交谈，你需要将生命的早年投入到工作中，投入到服务理念中，投入到志愿服务中，无论是在社区还是在学校。

Whatever you can do that is selfless really helps you to possess your possessions rather than letting your possessions possess you.

无论你能做什么，只要是无私的，就能真正帮助你拥有你的财产，而不是让你的财产占有你。

We need leaders with integrity.

我们需要正直的领导者。

We need leaders who have understood through their own experience the power of service and leadership as service.

我们需要的领导者通过自己的经验了解服务的力量以及领导即服务的力量。

And it comes from giving of yourself when you don’t expect too much in return.

当你不期望太多回报时，它来自于你的付出。

But in in fact, that’s what builds you and positions you for a life of success and productivity.

但事实上，这就是塑造你并为你的成功和生产力生活奠定基础的东西。

SIGNÉ: What a fantastic message on which to finish this interview!

SIGNÉ：结束这次采访的信息真是太棒了！

Thank you for joining us today, USG Eziakonwa and for sharing your valuable contributions with our audience.

感谢您今天加入我们，USG Eziakonwa 并与我们的观众分享您的宝贵贡献。

SIGNÉ: I am Landry Signé, and this has been Foresight Africa .

SIGNÉ：我是 Landry Signé，这里是 Foresight Africa。

Thank you, listeners, for joining me today.

谢谢各位听众今天加入我的行列。

The Foresight Africa podcast is brought to you by the Brookings Podcast Network.

前瞻非洲播客由布鲁金斯播客网络为您提供。

Send your feedback and questions to podcasts at Brookings dot edu.

将您的反馈和问题发送至 Brookings dot edu 的播客。

My special thanks to the production team, including Ike Blake, supervising producer; Fred Dews, producer; Dafe Oputu, Izzy Taylor, and Aysha House, associate producers; and Daniel Morales and Teddy Wansink, video producers.

我特别感谢制作团队，包括监制艾克·布莱克（Ike Blake）；弗莱德·杜斯，制片人； Dafe Oputu、Izzy Taylor 和 Aysha House，副制片人；丹尼尔·莫拉莱斯 (Daniel Morales) 和泰迪·万辛克 (Teddy Wansink)，视频制作人。

The show’s art was designed by Shavanthi Mendis.

该剧的艺术设计是由 Shavanthi Mendis 设计的。

Additional promotional support for this podcast comes from my colleagues in Brookings Global and the Office of Communications at Brookings.

对此播客的额外促销支持来自我在布鲁金斯全球和布鲁金斯传播办公室的同事。