War of the Worlds
Interviewer (re-creation): Come on in.
采访者（重现）：请进。
Have a seat won't you?
有座位吗？
Thank you Sir...
谢谢先生...
Let's roll sound.
让我们滚动声音。
Roll camera.
滚动相机。
Sound speed.
声速。
Speed.
速度。
Mark.
标记。
Judge Kennedy, What is your opinion of Mr. Welles' radio play?
肯尼迪法官，您对威尔斯先生的广播剧有何看法？
Judge A.G.
法官A.G.
Kennedy, Union, SC (Actor): Well, I certainly have an opinion.
Kennedy, Union, SC（演员）：嗯，我当然有意见。
I think suit should be filed against him and the Columbia Broadcasting System for their wrongdoing.
我认为应该对他和哥伦比亚广播公司的不当行为提起诉讼。
Welles' performance on the radio Sunday evening was a clear demonstration of his inhuman instincts and his fiendish joy in causing distress and suffering all over the country.
威尔斯周日晚上在广播中的表演清楚地表明了他非人的本能，以及他在全国各地造成痛苦和苦难时的恶魔般的快乐。
He is a carbuncle on the rump of degenerate theatrical performers and he should make amends for his consummate act of asininity.
他是堕落戏剧演员屁股上的痈肿，他应该为他的愚蠢行为做出弥补。
Narrator: Orson Welles' War of the Worlds .Never before had a radio broadcast provoked such outrage, or such chaos.
旁白：奥森·威尔斯的《世界大战》。以前从未有广播节目引起过如此愤怒或如此混乱。
Upwards of a million people convinced, if only briefly, that the United States was being laid waste by alien invaders, and a nation left to wonder how they possibly could've been so gullible.
超过一百万人相信，即使只是短暂的，美国正在被外来入侵者蹂躏，而这个国家却想知道他们怎么可能如此容易上当受骗。
Interviewer (re-creation): Please tell us, were you at all surprised by the reaction to the radio broadcast?
采访者（重现）：请告诉我们，您对电台广播的反应感到惊讶吗？
Besse P.
贝塞·P.
Gephart, Clayton, Missouri (actor): I think the reaction was the most damning indictment of the stupidity of the masses.
密苏里州克莱顿的格普特（演员）：我认为这种反应是对大众愚蠢的最严厉的控诉。
E.M.
E.M.
Moody, Venice, California (actor): : Now I appreciate what C.B.S.
加利福尼亚州威尼斯穆迪（演员）：：现在我很欣赏 C.B.S. 所做的一切。
and Radio have done for the world.
和广播为世界做出了贡献。
But why not respect that appreciation and not destroy all the faith and confidence we have in the greatest means of getting information about the world -- Radio.
但为什么不尊重这种欣赏，而不破坏我们对获取世界信息的最佳方式——广播的所有信念和信心。
Narrator: Brilliantly directed by Welles, The War of the Worlds would become, in the end, the most famous radio program in history -- known forever after as "the Panic Broadcast."
旁白：在威尔斯的出色执导下，《世界大战》最终成为历史上最著名的广播节目——此后永远被称为“恐慌广播”。
Yet it all began unremarkably at a little past 8:00 in the East -- a Sunday evening like any other in America, with dinners being finished, dishes washed, and radios across the country turned on more or less in unison.
然而，这一切都在东部 8:00 刚过的时候开始，这与美国的任何其他周日晚上一样，都是平淡无奇的，晚餐结束，洗碗，全国各地的收音机或多或少同时打开。
Announcer, The War of the Worlds (archival audio): : The Columbia Broadcasting System and its affiliated stations present Orson Welles and the Mercury Theater on the Air in The War of the Worlds by H.G.
播音员，《世界大战》（档案音频）：：哥伦比亚广播公司及其附属电台播出 H.G. 的《世界大战》中的奥逊·威尔斯和水星剧院。
Wells.
威尔斯。
Ladies and gentlemen, the director of the Mercury Theater and the star of these broadcasts: Orson Welles.
女士们先生们，水星剧院的导演和这些广播的明星：奥逊·威尔斯。
Orson Welles, The War of the Worlds (archival audio): : We know now that in the early years of the 20th century this world was being watched closely by intelligences greater than man's yet as mortal as his own.
奥森·威尔斯，《世界之战》（档案音频）：：我们现在知道，在 20 世纪初期，这个世界正在被比人类更强大但和人类一样凡人的智慧者密切注视着。
We know now that as human beings busied themselves...
我们现在知道，当人类忙碌时......
Narrator: It was October 30th, the eve of Halloween -- a night known variously as Mischief Night, Devil's Night, Hell Night...
旁白：那是10月30日，万圣节前夕——这个夜晚被称为恶作剧之夜、魔鬼之夜、地狱之夜……
a night that for some two hundred years had unleashed all manner of trickery on the unsuspecting.
大约两百年来，这个夜晚一直对毫无戒心的人施展各种诡计。
On this night, in 1938, it would also unleash the pent-up anxieties of a nation.
1938 年的这个夜晚，它也释放了一个国家压抑已久的焦虑。
Interviewer (re-creation): Now Miss Hoadley.
采访者（重现）：现在是霍德利小姐。
Can you describe the events that happened to you on the evening of the broadcast?
你能描述一下直播当晚发生在你身上的事情吗？
Esther L.
埃丝特·L。
Hoadley, Chicago, Illinois (Actor): : Of course, yes.
Hoadley，伊利诺伊州芝加哥（演员）：：当然可以。
Well, returning that evening from a delightful Vesper service and a 62-cent dinner at Huylers, it was delicious, I changed into my housecoat and prepared to shorten my velvet skirt.
那天晚上，我在 Huylers 享受完令人愉快的晚祷仪式和 62 美分的晚餐后回来，真是太美味了，我换上了家居服，准备缩短我的天鹅绒裙子。
Automatically I reached out and turned on the radio...
我不自觉地伸出手，打开了收音机……
Radio commercial (archival audio): The makers of Chase and Sanborn Coffee, the superb blend you know is fresh present...
广播广告（档案音频）：Chase 和 Sanborn 咖啡的制造商，您所知道的优质混合咖啡是新鲜的......
Narrator: Of the tens of millions of Americans listening to their radios at 8:00 that Sunday evening, few were tuned to The War of The Worlds .
旁白：周日晚上 8:00 收听广播的数以千万计的美国人中，很少有人调到世界大战。
The big draw on the airwaves that night was a ventriloquist act: Edgar Bergen and his wooden dummy, Charlie McCarthy -- the improbable stars of NBC's hit variety show, The Chase and Sanborn Hour .
那天晚上电视广播中最引人注目的是口技表演：埃德加·伯根和他的木偶查理·麦卡锡——NBC 热门综艺节目《追逐》和《桑伯恩时刻》中不可思议的明星。
Charlie McCarthy, wooden dummy (archival audio): A haunting we will go, A haunting we will go.
查理·麦卡锡，木制假人（档案音频）：我们将去一个令人难以忘怀的地方，我们将去一个令人难以忘怀的地方。
Edgar Bergen, ventroliquist (archival audio): Thanks Charlie, but we'll let Nelson Eddy do the singing...
埃德加·卑尔根（Edgar Bergen），腹旋者（档案音频）：谢谢查理，但我们会让纳尔逊·艾迪（Nelson Eddy）唱歌......
And it's the rousing rip roaring song of the vagabonds from the vagabond king...
这是来自流浪者国王的流浪者们激动人心的咆哮之歌......
Narrator: But when the opening comedy routine gave way to a musical interlude, millions of listeners began twirling the dial.
旁白：但是当开场的喜剧节目被音乐插曲取代时，数百万听众开始转动表盘。
Susan Douglas, Historian: There was something called dial twisting, the radio equivalent of channel surfing with the remote, so people turned the dial, and this is just when things are starting to heat up in the War of the Worlds broadcast.
苏珊·道格拉斯（Susan Douglas），历史学家：有一种叫做“转盘”的东西，无线电相当于用遥控器浏览频道，所以人们转动转盘，而这正是世界大战广播中事情开始升温的时候。
They missed the beginning, they missed the announcement that this was a play.
他们错过了开始，错过了这出戏的宣布。
Announcer, The War of the Worlds (archival audio): Ladies and gentlemen, we interrupt our program of dance music to bring you a special bulletin from the Intercontinental Radio News.
世界大战播音员（档案音频）：女士们先生们，我们中断我们的舞曲节目，为您带来洲际广播新闻的特别简报。
At 20 minutes before 8:00, central time, Professor Farrell of the Mount Jennings Observatory, Chicago, Illinois, reports observing several explosions of incandescent gas, occurring at regular intervals on the planet Mars.
中部时间 8:00 前 20 分钟，伊利诺伊州芝加哥詹宁斯山天文台的法雷尔教授报告称，观察到火星上定期发生几次白炽气体爆炸。
The spectrascope indicates the gas to be hydrogen and moving toward the earth at enormous velocity.
光谱仪显示该气体是氢气，并以极快的速度向地球移动。
E.M.
E.M.
Moody, Venice, California (actor): So all of a sudden, a startling announcement, professor so and so from Princeton University had just observed several explosions on the planet Mars shooting out great jets of blue flame traveling at a rapid speed toward Earth.
加利福尼亚州威尼斯穆迪（演员）：突然间，普林斯顿大学的某某教授刚刚观察到火星上发生了几次爆炸，喷射出巨大的蓝色火焰，并以极快的速度飞向地球，这是一个令人震惊的消息。
Announcer,: The War of the Worlds (archival audio) : ...now nearer home comes a special bulletin from Trenton New Jersey.
播音员：世界大战（档案音频）：......现在离家较近，来自新泽西州特伦顿的特别公告。
It is reported that at 8:50pm a huge, flaming object, believed to be a meteorite, fell on a farm in the neighborhood of Grovers Mill, New Jersey 22 miles from Trenton.
据报道，晚上8点50分，一个巨大的燃烧物体（据信是陨石）落在距特伦顿22英里的新泽西州格罗弗米尔附近的一个农场上。
We have dispatched commentator Carl Phillips to the scene...
我们已派出解说员卡尔·菲利普斯前往现场……
E.M.
E.M.
Moody, Venice, California (actor): Then, suddenly another announcement, a news bulletin...
加利福尼亚州威尼斯穆迪（演员）：然后，突然又一条公告，一条新闻公告……
Frank Readick (Carl Philips, The: War of the Worlds, archival audio): This is Carl Philips out at the Wilmuth Farm, Grovers Mill...
弗兰克·雷迪克（卡尔·飞利浦，《世界大战》，档案音频）：我是卡尔·飞利浦，在格罗弗斯磨坊的威尔穆斯农场……
E.M.
E.M.
Moody, Venice, California (actor): …a farmer in Grovers Mill New Jersey had reported a meteor had fallen on his farm.
加利福尼亚州威尼斯穆迪（演员）：……新泽西州格罗弗米尔的一位农民报告称一颗流星落在了他的农场上。
E.M.
E.M.
Moody, Venice, California (actor): He describes a hissing sound and a streak of greenish light that hit the earth with such force it knocked him from his chair.
加利福尼亚州威尼斯的穆迪（演员）：他描述了一种嘶嘶声和一道绿光击中地面的力量，将他从椅子上撞了下来。
John F.
约翰·F.
Powers, East Douglass, Massachusetts: (actor) : So I got the story just when the radio announcer was asking the fellow in New Jersey what it felt like seeing what happened in his back yard.
马萨诸塞州东道格拉斯的鲍尔斯：（演员）：当广播播音员询问新泽西州的一个人看到他后院发生的事情有何感受时，我得到了这个故事。
Frank Readick (Carl Phillips, The: War of the Worlds, archival audio): Ladies and gentlemen, you've just heard Mr. Wilmuth, owner of the farm where this thing has fallen.
弗兰克·雷迪克（卡尔·菲利普斯，《世界大战》，档案音频）：女士们先生们，你们刚刚听到了威尔穆斯先生的声音，他是这个东西倒塌的农场的主人。
I wish I could convey the atmosphere, the background of this fantastic scene.
我希望我能传达出这个奇妙场景的气氛和背景。
Hundreds of cars are parked in a field in back of us.
我们后面的空地上停着数百辆汽车。
Police are trying to rope off the roadway leading to the farm, but it's no use.
警察试图用绳子封锁通往农场的道路，但没有用。
John F.
约翰·F.
Powers, East Douglass, Massachusetts (actor): The realism got me.
鲍尔斯，东道格拉斯，马萨诸塞州（演员）：现实主义吸引了我。
I didn't know then it was a play, so I swallowed everything as it came over the air, like it was a new national emergency or something...
我当时并不知道这是一场戏剧，所以当它从空中传来时，我吞下了一切，就像这是一个新的国家紧急状态或什么......
Narrator: By now, Americans were highly attuned to the sound of crisis.
旁白：此时此刻，美国人对危机的声音已经高度敏感。
Nearly 10 years had passed since the economic collapse had pulled the rug out from under the country -- leaving millions stunned at their empty pockets and their bare cupboards and their new lives of ceaseless worry.
自从经济崩溃让这个国家彻底崩溃以来，已经过去近十年了——数百万人对他们空空的口袋、光秃秃的橱柜和无休无止的担忧的新生活感到震惊。
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: You have the stock market crash followed by mass unemployment, followed by horrendous bank failures, bank failures by the hundreds.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯（Jackson Lears）：股市崩盘，随后出现大规模失业，随后是可怕的银行倒闭，数百家银行倒闭。
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, President (archival audio): Let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself...
富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统（档案音频）：让我坚定地相信，我们唯一值得恐惧的就是恐惧本身......
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: FDR recognized how terrified people were when the bottom dropped out.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯：罗斯福认识到当经济触底时人们是多么害怕。
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, President (archival audio): :...nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.
富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统（档案音频）：……无名、无理、无理的恐怖，使转退为进所需的努力陷入瘫痪。
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: He brilliantly saw that the dominant mood of the country in the 1930s was not anger and not resentment at the capitalist system or at the bosses who had laid people off in record numbers but in fact was shame and fear, more especially fear.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯（Jackson Lears）：他出色地发现，20 世纪 30 年代这个国家的主导情绪不是对资本主义制度或以创纪录数量裁员的老板的愤怒和怨恨，而是羞耻和恐惧，尤其是恐惧。
Narrator: In the free fall of the Great Depression, radio had become a lifeline -- occupying pride of place in nearly 80 percent of American homes by 1938.
旁白：在大萧条的急速下滑中，广播已成为一条生命线——到 1938 年，广播已在近 80% 的美国家庭中占有一席之地。
Out-of-work Americans fell behind on the payments for their cars and their washing machines.
失业的美国人拖欠汽车和洗衣机的付款。
They gave up their telephones.
他们放弃了电话。
But they kept on buying radios by the millions.
但他们继续购买数以百万计的收音机。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): ...we interrupt our normal schedule briefly to bring you a bulletin from the Press Radio Bureau.
广播公报（档案音频）：……我们暂时中断正常的日程，为您带来新闻广播局的公报。
The death toll in the worst...
最严重的情况下死亡人数...
Narrator: In recent years, much of what had drifted through the ether and into their living rooms had been bad news...
旁白：近年来，许多通过以太飘进他们客厅的东西都是坏消息……
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): ...the worst storm in years along the Eastern Seaboard has taken a death toll estimated at more than 200 lives.
广播公报（档案音频）：……东部沿海地区多年来最严重的风暴造成了 200 多人死亡。
Untold damages...
损失不可估量...
Narrator: ...stories so unprecedented and unsettling they were nearly impossible to believe -- and yet they were true.
旁白：……这些故事前所未有，令人不安，几乎令人难以置信——但它们却是真实的。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): The sympathy of the world goes out to Colonel Lindbergh and his devoted wife in their supreme anguish at the kidnapping of their baby son Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr.
电台快报（档案音频）：全世界对林德伯格上校和他忠诚的妻子表示同情，他们对他们的小儿子小查尔斯·奥古斯都·林德伯格被绑架感到极度痛苦。
Narrator: They had heard one eyewitness account after another...
旁白：他们听到了一个又一个目击者的叙述……
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): : The United Press has tabulated 97 deaths in the 14 flood swept states.
广播公报（档案音频）： ：合众社统计了 14 个洪水泛滥的州中有 97 人死亡。
The President has already ordered all the federal agencies...
总统已经命令所有联邦机构...
Narrator: ...disaster after disaster, and then that terrible accident -- in May, 1937 -- when a German passenger airship, the Hindenburg, had been consumed by fire in New Jersey.
旁白：……一场又一场的灾难，然后是 1937 年 5 月那场可怕的事故，一艘德国客运飞艇兴登堡号在新泽西州被大火吞噬。
Herbert Morrison, reporter (archival audio): It's burst into flames!
记者赫伯特·莫里森（档案音频）：着火了！
Get this Scotty.
得到这个斯科蒂。
Get this Scotty.
得到这个斯科蒂。
It's falling it's crashing, terrible!
掉下去了，摔坏了，太可怕了！
Oh my, Get out of the way please.
天哪，请让开。
It's burning and bursting into flames and the...
它正在燃烧并起火，然后......
and it's falling on the mooring mast.
它落在系泊桅杆上。
And all the folks agree that this is terrible; this is the one of the worst catastrophes in the world.
所有的人都同意这太可怕了；这是世界上最严重的灾难之一。
Oh, it's crashing to the ground, oh the humanity and all the passengers...
哦，它正在坠落到地面，哦，人类和所有乘客......
Narrator: And all the while, in the background, had been the steady, ominous drumbeat of war.
旁白：一直以来，背景都是稳定的、不祥的战争鼓声。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): President Roosevelt again appeals to Hitler to preserve peace.
广播公报（档案音频）：罗斯福总统再次呼吁希特勒维护和平。
This bulletin is from The Press Radio...
本公告来自新闻广播电台...
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: Even worse, is what’s beginning to happen abroad, in the sense that we’re not only threatened from within our shores, we’re threatened from across the ocean too.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯：更糟糕的是，国外正在开始发生这种情况，从某种意义上说，我们不仅受到来自国内的威胁，还受到来自大洋彼岸的威胁。
Newsreel (archival audio): In Germany, Adolf Hitler defies the Treaty of Versailles...
新闻片（档案音频）：在德国，阿道夫·希特勒藐视凡尔赛条约......
Narrator: For 18 days in September, 1938, the airwaves were dominated by news from Europe, as Hitler's threats to expand German territory provoked a stand-off known as the Munich Crisis -- and pushed the world to the brink of war.
旁白：1938 年 9 月的 18 天里，电视广播中充斥着来自欧洲的新闻，希特勒威胁扩大德国领土，引发了一场被称为慕尼黑危机的对峙，并将世界推向战争的边缘。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): ...
广播公报（档案音频）：...
Adolf Hitler has moved up his deadline.
阿道夫·希特勒提前了最后期限。
Hitler has demanded 11,000 square miles of Czechoslovakian territory...
希特勒要求捷克斯洛伐克拥有 11,000 平方英里的领土......
Susan Douglas, Historian: People were getting up in the morning listening to Hitler, you now, foaming at the mouth and they would be doing simultaneous translations of what Hitler was saying.
苏珊·道格拉斯（Susan Douglas），历史学家：人们早上起床听希特勒讲话，而现在的你，口吐白沫，他们会对希特勒所说的话进行同声传译。
Radio translation of Hitler speech (archival audio): : But it is a question from which I will not yield...
希特勒演讲的无线电翻译（档案音频）：：但这是一个我不会屈服的问题......
Susan Douglas, Historian: News bulletins began to get more frequent, Americans by September of 1938 were absolutely used to news bulletin interruptions, and it actually made radio really compelling.
历史学家苏珊·道格拉斯 (Susan Douglas)：新闻公报开始变得更加频繁，到 1938 年 9 月，美国人已经完全习惯了新闻公报的中断，这实际上使广播变得非常引人注目。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): Czechoslovakia will not yield even though Hitler's armies should come crashing across the border before Wednesday night...
广播公报（档案音频）：即使希特勒的军队在周三晚上之前越过边境，捷克斯洛伐克也不会屈服......
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: We are Americans, and we want to believe that we’re going to be exempt from all of these tragic conflicts that are enveloping Europe.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯：我们是美国人，我们希望相信我们将免受席卷欧洲的所有这些悲惨冲突的影响。
But we also sense the likelihood that we’ll be swept up in them, too.
但我们也意识到我们也有可能被卷入其中。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): ...
广播公报（档案音频）：...
populaces are being given gas masks...
正在向民众发放防毒面具...
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: So, this is a period of not only great fear and anxiety but foreboding, foreboding about the future and what the future will bring.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯：所以，这是一个不仅充满恐惧和焦虑，而且充满不祥预感的时期，预感未来以及未来将带来什么。
Radio Bulletin (archival audio): Europe's most anxious days since the World War...
广播公报（档案音频）：欧洲自二战以来最焦虑的日子......
Narrator: It had been barely a month since the Munich Crisis -- a month of uneasy and profoundly uncertain peace.
旁白：慕尼黑危机发生还不到一个月——这是一个充满不安和极度不确定的和平的月份。
And now, from some obscure hamlet in New Jersey, came this:
现在，从新泽西州某个不起眼的小村庄传来了这样的消息：
Frank Readick (Carl Phillips, The: War of the Worlds , archival audio): We are bringing you an eyewitness account of what's happening on the Wilmuth farm, Grovers Mill, New Jersey.
弗兰克·雷迪克（卡尔·菲利普斯，《世界大战》，档案音频）：我们为您带来新泽西州格罗弗米尔威尔穆斯农场所发生事件的目击者叙述。
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the most terrifying thing I have ever witnessed!
女士们先生们，这是我见过的最可怕的事情！
Something wriggling out of the shadow like a gray snake.
有什么东西像一条灰色的蛇一样从阴影中蠕动着。
Now it's another one, and another.
现在又是一个，又一个。
They look like tentacles to me.
它们对我来说就像触手。
Esther L.
埃丝特·L。
Hoadley, Chicago, Illinois (actor): And before I knew it, strange creatures were wafting out of the “thing,” and they were spraying crowd with light rays and the people were emitting -- no, bellowing agonizing noises, and Phil was screaming into the mike...
伊利诺伊州芝加哥市霍德利（演员）：在我意识到之前，奇怪的生物就从那个“东西”中飘了出来，它们向人群喷射光线，人们发出——不，是痛苦的吼叫声，菲尔对着麦克风尖叫……
Frank Readick (Carl Phillips, The: War of the Worlds, archival audio): A humped shape is rising out of the pit.
弗兰克·雷迪克（卡尔·菲利普斯，《世界大战》，档案音频）：一个驼峰形状正从坑中升起。
I can make out a small beam of light against a mirror.
我可以在镜子上辨认出一束小光束。
Wait a minute, something's happening...
等一下，有事发生……
There's a jet of flame springing from that mirror, and it leaps right at the advancing men...
一道火焰从镜子中喷出，直扑向前进的人……
Good Lord, they're turning into flame!
天哪，他们正在变成火焰！
Now the whole field's caught on fire -- the woods, the barns, the -- the gas tanks of the automobiles.
现在整个田野都着火了——树林、谷仓、汽车的油箱。
It's spreading everywhere.
它正在到处蔓延。
It's coming this way now, about 20 yards to my right --
现在它正朝这边过来，在我右边大约20码处——
Peter Bogdanovich, Film Director: The mic went dead.
电影导演彼得·博格丹诺维奇：麦克风坏了。
Silence.
沉默。
Orson was standing in the middle of the broadcasting studio and he just went like that -- hold it -- and he held the pause for the longest time.
奥森站在广播室中央，他就这样走了——坚持住——他停顿了最长的时间。
Just, like that.
就这样吧。
Narrator: It was an inspired moment for Orson Welles, the 23-year-old director of Mercury Theater on the Air.
旁白：对于 23 岁的水星剧院导演奥森·威尔斯来说，这是一个充满灵感的时刻。
Standing at the podium in Studio 1, on the 20th floor of the Columbia Broadcasting Service in New York City, with 10 actors and a 27-piece orchestra eagerly awaiting their next cue, Welles opted for deafening silence.
站在纽约市哥伦比亚广播公司 20 楼 1 号演播室的讲台上，10 名演员和 27 名管弦乐队热切地等待着下一个提示，威尔斯选择了震耳欲聋的沉默。
Peter Bogdanovich, Film Director: Orson was probably the greatest director of radio and the most innovative.
彼得·博格丹诺维奇（Peter Bogdanovich），电影导演：奥森可能是广播界最伟大、最具创新性的导演。
I mean he broke all the rules that didn’t even exist.
我的意思是他打破了所有不存在的规则。
Narrator: In theatrical circles, Welles was already widely considered a major talent.
旁白：在戏剧界，威尔斯已经被广泛认为是一位重要的天才。
As an actor, he'd racked up an impressive roster of radio roles -- appearing, often anonymously, in as many as 25 different programs a week.
作为一名演员，他在广播电台中扮演过令人印象深刻的角色——通常每周匿名出现在多达 25 个不同的节目中。
Listeners who recognized his voice likely knew him as The Shadow , the enigmatic crime-fighter who was said to possess the power to cloud men's minds.
认出他声音的听众可能知道他是“影子”，一位神秘的犯罪斗士，据说拥有迷惑人类思想的力量。
But it was as a stage director that he'd made his big splash, mounting a string of stunning successes for the New Deal Federal Theater Project.
但正是作为舞台导演，他才引起了巨大的轰动，为新政联邦剧院项目取得了一系列惊人的成功。
Welles' version of Macbeth -- set in Haiti with an all-black cast, and performed on a stage in Harlem -- had earned him a reputation as both prodigy and provocateur -- or as TIME magazine put it, "the brightest moon over Broadway."
威尔斯版本的《麦克白》以海地为背景，全黑人演员阵容，在哈林区的舞台上表演，为他赢得了神童和煽动者的声誉，或者正如《时代》杂志所说，“百老汇上最亮的月亮”。
Now, with his producing partner John Houseman, Welles had brought his unique sensibilities to the Mercury Theater on the Air -- a CBS-sponsored hour featuring radio adaptations of popular literary works.
现在，威尔斯与他的制作搭档约翰·豪斯曼 (John Houseman) 一起，将他独特的情感带到了水星剧院广播节目 (Mercury Theatre on the Air)，该节目由哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS) 赞助，以广播改编的流行文学作品为特色。
Dracula Intro (archival audio): The Columbia Network is proud to give Orson Welles the opportunity to bring to the air those same qualities of vitality and imagination that have made him the most talked of theatrical director in America today.
《德古拉》简介（档案音频）：哥伦比亚电视网很荣幸能够为奥森·威尔斯提供机会，将他的活力和想象力带到空中，这些品质使他成为当今美国最受关注的戏剧导演。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: The idea for The W ar of the Worlds actually came from Welles himself, who thought this would make a very interesting radio drama.
Paul Heyer，媒体史学家：《世界之战》的想法实际上来自威尔斯本人，他认为这会成为一部非常有趣的广播剧。
His co-producer John Houseman did not think so but Orson told Houseman, “This is one of my favorite stories.
他的联合制片人约翰·豪斯曼并不这么认为，但奥森告诉豪斯曼，“这是我最喜欢的故事之一。
I’m a great admirer of H.G.
我是 H.G. 的忠实崇拜者。
Wells.” Houseman kind of rolled his eyes a bit and suspected Welles had never read the story but just thought, “Well, it’s an idea and let’s see if it flies.
威尔斯。”豪斯曼翻了翻白眼，怀疑威尔斯从来没有读过这个故事，但只是想：“好吧，这是一个想法，让我们看看它是否可行。
Narrator: In his novel, published in 1898, British writer H.
旁白：英国作家 H.
G.
G。
Wells had woven a terrifying tale of destruction, in which Martian invaders wrecked havoc upon the English countryside.
威尔斯编织了一个可怕的毁灭故事，其中火星入侵者对英国乡村造成了严重破坏。
For the Mercury adaptation, Orson Welles had directed his writer, Howard Koch, to shift the setting to the United States.
对于《水星》的改编，奥森·威尔斯指示他的编剧霍华德·科赫将背景转移到美国。
Paul Heyer.
保罗·海尔.
Media Historian: Koch thought this was a job that was impossible.
媒体历史学家：科赫认为这是一项不可能完成的工作。
He didn’t welcome it.
他并不欢迎。
He wanted to do something else, but, again, Welles was insistent.
他想做点别的事，但威尔斯再次坚持。
Narrator: On Monday -- seven days before the broadcast was slated to air -- a panicked Koch stopped at a gas station while driving along the Hudson River, bought a map of New Jersey, and later -- with his eyes closed -- picked out a spot for the Martian landing.
旁白：周一，即节目播出前 7 天，惊慌失措的科赫沿着哈德逊河行驶，在加油站停下来，买了一张新泽西州地图，然后闭着眼睛选定了登陆火星的地点。
Paul Heyer.
保罗·海尔.
Media Historian: : Grovers Mill, New Jersey -- that’s where the Martians were gonna land.
媒体历史学家：：格罗弗米尔，新泽西州——那是火星人要着陆的地方。
And, today Grovers Mill is probably one of the most famous places in America for a historical event that never really happened.
如今，格罗弗米尔可能是美国因从未真正发生过的历史事件而闻名的地方之一。
Narrator: Over the next several days, with constant badgering from Houseman, Koch hammered out the draft script and on Thursday, a full company rehearsal was recorded to wax disc for Welles.
旁白：在接下来的几天里，在豪斯曼的不断纠缠下，科赫敲定了剧本草案，并于周四为威尔斯录制了完整的公司排练蜡碟。
The disk was hand delivered to him at the St. Regis Hotel -- since, as usual, his frantic schedule prevented him from paying attention to the week's broadcast until the proverbial 11th hour.
这张光盘是在瑞吉酒店专人送到他手中的——因为像往常一样，他的日程安排让他无法关注本周的广播，直到众所周知的第 11 个小时。
It was one or two o'clock in the morning on Friday, fewer than 72 hours before they went live on the air, when Welles finally heard the show -- and declared it abysmally dull.
周五凌晨一两点，距离节目播出还不到 72 小时，威尔斯终于听到了节目，并宣称节目极其乏味。
Chris Welles Feder, Daughter of Orson Welles: So at the original meeting for The War of the Worlds everyone's opinion was, "Oh this is going to be so boring, it's so old fashioned, nobody is going to-- what can we juice it up, make it more exciting?"
克里斯·威尔斯·费德（Chris Welles Feder），奥逊·威尔斯（Orson Welles）的女儿：所以在世界大战最初的会议上，每个人的意见都是，“哦，这会很无聊，它很过时，没有人会去——我们能做什么来让它变得更有趣，让它更令人兴奋？”
Narrator: Earlier that evening, Welles had happened to catch a CBS broadcast of a play by Archibald MacLeish, entitled "Air Raid." The story was fiction -- but the form mimicked the style of a breaking-news flash.
旁白：那天晚上早些时候，威尔斯碰巧看到哥伦比亚广播公司播放阿奇博尔德·麦克利什的戏剧《空袭》。这个故事是虚构的，但形式模仿了突发新闻的风格。
Radio (archival audio): We've got them now.
广播（档案音频）：我们现在已经收到了。
We see them.
我们看到他们了。
They're out of the dazzle.
他们已经脱离了眼花缭乱。
They're flying ...
他们飞...
fighting formation in column.
纵队战斗队形。
Squadron following squadron.
中队接着中队。
Ten-- 15 squadrons.
十个——十五个中队。
Bombing models mostly...
轰炸模型大多...
Susan Douglas, Historian: They’re slaving over this The War of the Worlds script and they’re trying to figure out how to bring it to life and then they come up with the idea of using news bulletins.
苏珊·道格拉斯（Susan Douglas），历史学家：他们正在苦苦研读《世界大战》的剧本，并试图弄清楚如何将其变为现实，然后他们提出了使用新闻公报的想法。
Why not?
为什么不呢？
It’s one month after the Munich Crisis.
慕尼黑危机过去一个月了。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: These news bulletins were common fodder on the radio and Welles picked up on that.
Paul Heyer，媒体历史学家：这些新闻公报是广播中常见的素材，威尔斯也注意到了这一点。
People are on pins and needles -- as we are today every time we say, “We interrupt this program to bring you a special news bulletin.” People worried that this could be serious.
人们如坐针毡——就像我们今天每次说“我们中断这个节目，为您带来特别新闻简报”时一样。人们担心事情可能会变得严重。
Chris Welles Feder.
克里斯·威尔斯·费德。
Daughter of Orson Welles: I mean the concern that this was going to be some boring, old fashioned, dusty museum piece, they certainly went to the other extreme, didn’t they?
奥森·威尔斯的女儿：我的意思是担心这将是一些无聊、老式、布满灰尘的博物馆作品，他们肯定走向了另一个极端，不是吗？
Narrator: On Friday, after hours of frantic re-writing, the script was delivered to the CBS legal department for review.
旁白：周五，经过几个小时的疯狂重写，剧本被送到哥伦比亚广播公司法律部门审查。
Fearing liability for defamation, network attorneys flatly prohibited the use of real names for individuals and organizations, and requested no fewer than 28 changes.
由于担心承担诽谤责任，网络律师断然禁止个人和组织使用实名，并要求不少于28项更改。
Finally, Sunday came.
终于，周日到来了。
At the afternoon dress rehearsal, Welles focused on ramping up the program's realism -- tinkering with the dialogue, pacing, and music cues.
在下午的彩排中，威尔斯专注于提高节目的真实感——修改对话、节奏和音乐提示。
Meanwhile, actor Frank Readick -- slated to play the part of the on-the-spot reporter Carl Phillips -- went down to the CBS record library and, for inspiration, listened to the eyewitness account of the Hindenberg accident again and again.
与此同时，演员弗兰克·雷迪克（Frank Readick）原定饰演现场记者卡尔·菲利普斯（Carl Phillips），他前往哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）唱片图书馆，为了寻找灵感，一次又一次地聆听目击者对兴登堡事故的描述。
Herbert Morrison, reporter (archival audio): It's burst into flames!
记者赫伯特·莫里森（档案音频）：着火了！
Get this Scotty, get this Scotty!
得到这个斯科蒂，得到这个斯科蒂！
It's fall, it's crashing!
秋天来了，天塌下来了！
It's crashing terrible.
崩溃的太可怕了
Oh my, get out of the way, please, it's burning and bursting into flames and it's falling on the mooring mast...
天哪，请让开，它正在燃烧并着火，它正落在系泊桅杆上......
Frank Readick, Carl Phillips, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Good Lord, they're turning into flame!
弗兰克·雷迪克、卡尔·菲利普斯，《世界之战》（档案音频）：上帝啊，他们正在变成火焰！
(scream) Now the whole field's caught on fire…
（尖叫）现在整个场地都着火了……
the woods, the barns, the the gas tanks of the automobiles…
树林、谷仓、汽车的油箱……
it's spreading everywhere!
它正在到处传播！
It's coming this way now, about 20 yards to my right -- (silence).
现在它正朝这边过来，在我右边大约 20 码处——（沉默）。
Announcer 2, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Ladies and gentlemen, due to circumstances beyond our control, we are unable to continue the broadcast from Grovers Mill.
播音员 2，《世界之战》（存档音频）：女士们先生们，由于我们无法控制的情况，我们无法继续格罗弗斯米尔的广播。
Interviewer (re-creation): Can you tell me the most frightening moment for you?
采访者（重现）：能告诉我最让你害怕的时刻吗？
Mrs. Bertha Boughton, East Hampton, Long Island (actor): The awful silence of the broadcaster.
伯莎·鲍顿夫人，东汉普顿，长岛（演员）：广播公司可怕的沉默。
I presumed he had fallen with the dead because he stayed to witness the awful sight until the last moment, at his own risk, to do his duty and be of service to the world.
我猜想他是和死者一起倒下的，因为他直到最后一刻才亲眼目睹了这可怕的景象，并冒着风险，履行自己的职责，为世界服务。
Seymour Charles Hayden, Sunland, California (actor): Well, the organ music had just started when it was cut off and this voice was saying, “The cylinder lies in a deep crater.
西摩·查尔斯·海登（Seymour Charles Hayden），加利福尼亚州桑兰（演员）：嗯，管风琴音乐刚开始就被切断，这个声音在说：“圆柱体位于一个深深的火山口中。
No signs of life evident.
没有明显生命迹象。
Blackened corpses are strewn about." Well, my lower jaw's down on my chest and I'm baring my ears out to assure I'm hearing alright.
焦黑的尸体散落一地。”好吧，我的下颌位于胸部，我露出耳朵以确保我听力正常。
Announcer 2, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Ladies and gentleman, I have a grave announcement to make.
播音员 2，《世界之战》（档案音频）：女士们、先生们，我有一个严肃的宣布。
Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars.
尽管看起来令人难以置信，但科学观察和我们眼睛的证据都导致了不可避免的假设：今晚登陆泽西农田的那些奇怪的生物是来自火星的入侵军队的先锋。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: When it actually emerged during the broadcast that this was a Martian invasion, some people found that completely implausible and decided this was a radio drama.
保罗·海尔，媒体历史学家：当在广播中真正出现这是火星入侵时，一些人发现这完全难以置信，并认为这是一部广播剧。
Other people thought, “Well, maybe, maybe there is intelligent life on Mars and this is them coming to eat us, literally.”
其他人则想：“嗯，也许，也许火星上有智慧生命，而他们确实是来吃我们的。”
Gerta S.
格尔塔·S。
Brown, East Greenland, New York (actor): My neighbor came to the door excitedly.
纽约东格陵兰布朗（演员）：我的邻居兴奋地来到门口。
“Come quickly,” she said, “there's something on the radio I want you to hear."
“快点过来，”她说，“我想让你听听收音机里的东西。”
“What is it about?” I asked.
“是关于什么的？”我问。
I was starting to get curious.
我开始好奇了。
“Mars men” came her reply.
她回答说：“火星人”。
That was her reply.
这是她的回答。
"Mars men," she said.
“火星人，”她说。
I was still skeptical, but not for long.
我仍然持怀疑态度，但时间不长。
Hasn't science proved that there is life on Mars, through their observations?
科学不是通过他们的观察证明火星上有生命吗？
Eric Rabkin, Writer: In 1938, the vast majority of people didn't live with light pollution.
埃里克·拉布金（Eric Rabkin），作家：1938 年，绝大多数人并没有生活在光污染中。
They could walk out of their house at night and they could look up in the sky.
他们可以在晚上走出家门，抬头仰望天空。
And for those of us who have looked up in the sky, Mars has always been unique because its color is there.
对于我们这些仰望天空的人来说，火星一直是独一无二的，因为它的颜色就在那里。
It really is a different color than every other light that we see in the sky.
它确实与我们在天空中看到的其他光的颜色不同。
Narrator: Visible as an eerie red glow, Mars had inspired perplexed fascination for centuries.
旁白：火星发出令人毛骨悚然的红光，几个世纪以来一直激发着人们困惑的迷恋。
Robert Crossley, Writer: Mars is just far enough away from the Earth that we can see it pretty well.
作家罗伯特·克罗斯利：火星距离地球足够远，我们可以很好地看到它。
You were able to see enough to get a sense that maybe this was an Earth-like planet, but you couldn't see quite enough to be sure what was there.
你能够看到足够的东西来感觉到这可能是一颗类地行星，但是你看不到足够的东西来确定那里有什么。
So there was an intriguing sense of mystery about the planet.
因此，这个星球有一种令人着迷的神秘感。
Narrator: In the early 1900s, the speculation had turned frenzied -- sparked by astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli's observation of faint geometric lines crisscrossing the planet's surface.
旁白：1900 年代初期，天文学家乔瓦尼·夏帕雷利 (Giovanni Schiaparelli) 对行星表面纵横交错的微弱几何线的观察引发了这种猜测。
Schiaparelli called them canali, Italian for "channels" -- which was mistranslated as "canals."
斯基亚帕雷利称它们为“canali”，意大利语，意为“渠道”，但被误译为“运河”。
Robert Crossley, Writer: Once canali got translated into English as canals, it brought along all the baggage that we associate with canals and particularly in the 19th century which was a canal building century.
罗伯特·克罗斯利（Robert Crossley），作家：canali 被翻译成英语后，即运河，它带来了我们与运河相关的所有包袱，特别是在 19 世纪，这是一个运河建设的世纪。
It's a word that inherently suggests engineering.
这个词本身就暗示着工程学。
If there are canals, there must be canal builders.
有运河，就一定有运河建设者。
Narrator: Even as most scientists dismissed it, the idea of an industrious Martian race captured imaginations around the world, fueling wild theories and filtering into fiction, popular song and film.
旁白：尽管大多数科学家对此不以为然，但勤劳的火星种族的想法还是激发了全世界的想象力，催生了疯狂的理论，并渗透到小说、流行歌曲和电影中。
Flash Gordon (archival audio): It's no use Flash.
Flash Gordon（档案音频）：Flash 没有用。
You mean we are going to crash on Mars?
你的意思是我们会坠毁在火星上？
Look Doc, we are heading straight into the beam.
看，医生，我们正在直接进入光束。
Narrator: As recently as 1924, the U.S. Army Signal Corps had asked radio stations across the country to shut down so that its engineers might listen without interference for signals from the Red Planet.
旁白：就在 1924 年，美国陆军通信兵曾要求关闭全国各地的广播电台，以便其工程师能够在不受干扰的情况下收听来自红色星球的信号。
And just three days before The War of the Worlds broadcast, the Christian Science Monitor had run a statement by a prominent Scandinavian astronomer, confirming the existence of "living things on Mars."
就在《世界大战》播出前三天，《基督教科学箴言报》刊登了一位著名的斯堪的纳维亚天文学家的声明，证实了“火星上存在生物”。
Eric Rabkin, Writer: Mars kept popping up, again and again.
埃里克·拉布金（Eric Rabkin），作家：火星不断地出现，一次又一次。
So, by the time Martians are reported to come down outside of New York City in 1938, it's not as if Mars isn't something that people could imagine.
因此，当 1938 年有报道称火星人降落在纽约市郊时，火星并不是人们无法想象的。
Announcer 2, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): We take you now to field headquarters of the state militia near Grovers Mill, New Jersey.
播音员 2，《世界之战》（档案音频）：我们现在带您前往新泽西州格罗弗米尔附近的州民兵战地总部。
This is Captain Lansing of the Signal Corps attached to the state militia now engaged in military operations in the vicinity of Grovers Mill.
这是兰辛上尉，隶属州民兵，目前正在格罗弗米尔附近从事军事行动。
Cylindrical object lies in a pit directly below our position, surrounded on all sides by eight battalions of infantry...
圆柱形物体位于我们阵地正下方的一个坑中，四周被八个步兵营包围......
Looks almost like a real war.
看起来几乎就像一场真正的战争。
Narrator: By a quarter past eight eastern time, telephones were ringing madly all across the country, as concerned Americans tried to determine the whereabouts of relatives, warn friends and acquaintances, and, most of all, corroborate what they were hearing.
旁白：东部时间八点一刻，全国各地的电话疯狂响起，忧心忡忡的美国人试图确定亲人的下落，警告朋友和熟人，最重要的是，证实他们所听到的消息。
Narrator: For the next several hours, newspapers, radio stations and police precincts from coast to coast would be swamped with calls.
旁白：在接下来的几个小时里，报纸、广播电台和从东海岸到西海岸的警察局都会被电话淹没。
Man on the phone (archival): Well I can't help that ma'am, we just don't know anything about it.
电话里的男人（档案）：嗯，我帮不了那位女士，我们对此一无所知。
Did I say something about a quiet Sunday evening?
我有说过周日晚上很安静吗？
Narrator: Soon, strange bulletins began coming in over the press service wires.In Bergenfield, New Jersey, not far from Grovers Mill, some 20 families turned up at a police station, with all of their household possessions piled into their cars.
旁白：很快，新闻服务线路开始传来奇怪的公告。在新泽西州伯根菲尔德，离格罗弗米尔不远，大约有 20 个家庭出现在警察局，他们所有的家庭财产都堆在车里。
In Indianapolis, a woman rushed the pulpit in a Methodist church, shouting that the end of the world had come.
在印第安纳波利斯，一名妇女冲上卫理公会教堂的讲坛，高喊世界末日已经到来。
And in Washington state, a spectacularly ill-timed power failure plunged the small town of Concrete into darkness -- and sent terrified residents fleeing into the mountains.
在华盛顿州，一场极其不合时宜的停电使康克里特小镇陷入黑暗，惊恐的居民纷纷逃进山里。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): The battle which took place tonight at Grover Mills has ended in one of the most startling defeats ever suffered by any army in modern times; 7,000 men armed with rifles and machine guns pitted against a single fighting machine of the invaders from Mars.
播音员，《世界大战》（档案音频）：今晚在格罗弗米尔斯发生的战斗以现代军队所遭受的最令人震惊的失败之一而告终； 7,000 名手持步枪和机枪的士兵与来自火星的入侵者的一架战斗机进行了激烈的对抗。
One hundred and twenty know survivors…
一百二十名已知的幸存者……
Seymour Charles Hayden, Sunland, California (actor): Well, my wife she came in, my wife, just wringing her hands and wailing away, her eyeballs about to pop out onto her lap going, “What is it?
西摩·查尔斯·海登（Seymour Charles Hayden），加利福尼亚州桑兰（演员）：好吧，我的妻子她进来了，我的妻子只是绞着双手嚎啕大哭，她的眼珠子快要跳到腿上了，“这是什么？
What is it?
它是什么？
What can it be?
会是什么？
Is it the Germans?” Well, she hadn’t heard that word ‘Martians’, but I had.
是德国人吗？”好吧，她没有听过“火星人”这个词，但我听过。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): ...a brief statement informing us that the charred body of Carl Phillips has been identified in a Trenton hospital.
播音员，《世界之战》（档案音频）：……一份简短的声明，通知我们卡尔·菲利普斯烧焦的尸体已在特伦顿医院得到确认。
David Roepik, Journalist: We think that we’re really smart, but if there’s a cue out there that could possibly be dangerous, we’re going to react to it protectively, instinctively -- fear first, and reason and fact second.
记者大卫·罗皮克（David Roepik）：我们认为自己真的很聪明，但如果有可能存在危险的提示，我们会本能地做出保护性反应——首先是恐惧，其次是理性和事实。
And a stressed people back in those days by the Depression and talk of war and so forth is already pre-wired to be more sensitive to danger signals.
那些日子里，由于大萧条和战争言论等而承受压力的人们已经预先做好了对危险信号更加敏感的准备。
Those drums are already beating.
那些鼓已经敲响了。
Announcer 2, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): The rest strewn over the battle area from Grovers Mill to Plainsboro, crushed and trampled to death under the metal feet of the monster, or burned to cinders by its heat ray.
播音员 2，《世界之战》（档案音频）：其余的人散布在从格罗弗米尔到普兰斯伯勒的战场上，被怪物的金属脚踩死，或者被它的热射线烧成灰烬。
Their apparent objective is to crush resistance, paralyze communication, and disorganize human society.
他们的明显目标是镇压抵抗、瘫痪沟通、瓦解人类社会。
Sylvia Holmes, Newark, NJ (actor): We all felt it was the end of the world.
西尔维娅·霍姆斯（Sylvia Holmes），新泽西州纽瓦克（演员）：我们都觉得这是世界末日。
It was a wonder my heart didn't fail me, because I'm nervous anyway.
奇怪的是我的心没有失望，因为无论如何我都很紧张。
So I just ran out the house.
所以我就跑出家门了。
I guess I didn't know what I was doing.
我想我不知道自己在做什么。
I kept saying over and over again to everybody I met: "Don't you know?
我一遍又一遍地对我遇到的每个人说：“你不知道吗？
New Jersey is destroyed by the Germans -- it's on the radio."
新泽西州被德国人摧毁了——广播里有报道。”
David Roepik, Journalist: Alien, army, invader, in the late ‘30s, was quickly translatable from Martian to German because we default to what we already know.
David Roepik，记者： 外星人、军队、入侵者，在 30 年代末，很快就从火星语翻译成德语，因为我们默认了我们已经知道的东西。
We’ve developed these mental shortcuts.
我们已经开发了这些心理捷径。
We search our mental files of what we already know to see what it represents.
我们搜索我们已知的心理档案，看看它代表什么。
Newsreel (archival): ...Hitler liked to start invasions on the weekends.
新闻片（档案）：……希特勒喜欢在周末发动入侵。
It was a way he said of catching other nations napping...
他说这是让其他国家打瞌睡的一种方式……
David Ropeik, Journalist: And those clues, they used all this language in the first few minutes of the broadcast.
记者大卫·罗佩克（David Ropeik）：还有那些线索，他们在广播的前几分钟使用了所有这些语言。
We’re very powerfully controlled by these things.
我们受到这些东西的强烈控制。
They’re mostly subconscious.
他们大多是潜意识的。
They’re mostly not a matter of free will.
它们大多不是自由意志的问题。
Announcer 2, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): The monster is now in control of the middle section of New Jersey and has effectively cut the state through its center.
播音员 2，《世界之战》（档案音频）：怪物现在控制了新泽西州的中部，并有效地从其中心切断了该州。
Communication lines are down from Pennsylvania to the Atlantic Ocean.
通信线路从宾夕法尼亚州一直延伸到大西洋。
Railroad tracks are torn and service from New York to Philadelphia is discontinued.
铁轨被撕裂，从纽约到费城的服务中断。
Sylvia Holmes, Newark, NJ (actor): When I got home, I woke my nephew up.
西尔维娅·霍姆斯（Sylvia Holmes），新泽西州纽瓦克（演员）：当我回到家时，我叫醒了我的侄子。
I looked in the icebox and saw some chicken left from Sunday dinner.
我看了看冰箱，看到周日晚餐剩下的一些鸡肉。
I said to my nephew, "We may as well eat this chicken -- we won't be here in the morning."
我对我的侄子说：“我们还是吃这只鸡吧——我们早上不在这里了。”
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Highways to the North South and West are clogged with frantic human traffic.
播音员，《世界之战》（档案音频）：通往南北和西部的高速公路被疯狂的人流堵塞。
Narrator: The clock in Studio One now read half past eight.
旁白：一号工作室的时钟现在是八点半。
Over the previous 12 minutes, Welles and his company had killed Carl Phillips, slaughtered the militia in New Jersey, and unleashed a full-scale Martian invasion of the United States.
在之前的 12 分钟内，威尔斯和他的连队杀死了卡尔·菲利普斯，屠杀了新泽西州的民兵，并发动了火星人对美国的全面入侵。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: One of the unbelievable things about the first part of the broadcast is how quickly everything happened.
Paul Heyer，媒体历史学家：广播第一部分中令人难以置信的事情之一是一切都发生得如此之快。
We know today that would never happen that quickly, the army ready in 15 minutes and so on but Welles set people up for this by the pacing.
今天我们知道这永远不会那么快发生，军队会在 15 分钟内准备就绪等等，但威尔斯通过节奏让人们为此做好准备。
And people suspended their, their disbelief.
人们暂停了他们的怀疑。
The Svengali effect Welles had of hypnotizing millions of people over the airwaves made things appear as if they were taking place in real time.
威尔斯通过电波催眠数百万人的斯文加利效应让事情看起来就像是实时发生的一样。
Narrator: With the crisis at its peak, Kenneth Delmar stepped up close to the mic, and, as Welles had directed, delivered his best impersonation of Franklin D.
旁白：危机达到顶峰时，肯尼思·德尔马走近麦克风，按照威尔斯的指示，表演了他对富兰克林·D·肯尼迪的最佳模仿。
Roosevelt.
罗斯福。
Secretary, The War of the Worlds (archival audio): : Citizens of the nation: I shall not try to conceal the gravity of the situation that confronts the country, nor the concern of your government in protecting the lives and property of its people.
世界大战国务卿（档案音频）： ：全国公民：我不会试图掩盖该国面临的局势的严重性，也不会掩盖贵国政府对保护其人民的生命和财产的关切。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: People knew that voice.
Paul Heyer，媒体历史学家：人们认识这个声音。
And even though this voice was announced as the Secretary of the Interior people said, “We heard the President.
尽管这个声音是在内政部长宣布的时候说的，“我们听到了总统的声音。
We heard the President.” It was a case of, in their moment of anxiety, the non-verbal overwhelming the verbal.
我们听到了总统的讲话。”这是一个在他们焦虑的时刻，非语言压倒语言的例子。
Narrator: Mid-way through Delmar's speech, a telephone rang in the control room.
旁白：德尔玛演讲进行到一半时，控制室里的电话响了。
The CBS supervisor in charge of the broadcast took the call and hurried out of the studio.
负责转播的CBS主管接了电话，急忙走出演播室。
When he returned a few moments later, as John Houseman recalled, he was "pale as death." Network executives had ordered the broadcast be interrupted with an identifying station break at once.
正如约翰·豪斯曼回忆的那样，几分钟后，当他回来时，他“脸色苍白如死人”。网络管理人员已下令立即中断广播并确定电台中断时间。
The CBS switchboards were overwhelmed; listeners had to be told it was only a play.
哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS) 的总机不堪重负；必须告诉听众这只是一场戏剧。
Welles was then at the mic, the room was his -- and at that point in the show, there was no stopping him.
威尔斯当时站在麦克风前，整个房间都是他的——在演出的那个时刻，没有人能阻止他。
Operator Three, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Newark, New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey...
干员三，世界大战（档案音频）：新泽西州纽瓦克，新泽西州纽瓦克......
Warning!
警告！
Poisonous black smoke pouring in from Jersey marshes.
有毒的黑烟从泽西沼泽地涌出。
Gerta Brown, East Greenland, New York (actor): My mouth, my mouth dropped open as I listened to the incoming announcements.
格塔·布朗（Gerta Brown），东格陵兰，纽约（演员）：当我听到即将到来的公告时，我的嘴张得大大的。
The familiar names of cities: Bayonne...
熟悉的城市名称：巴约讷……
Operator, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Bayonne New Jersey calling Langham Field
接线员，《世界之战》（档案音频）：新泽西州巴约讷呼叫朗厄姆机场
Gerta Brown, East Greenland, New York (actor): : ...and then New York and New Jersey cut off.
Gerta Brown，东格陵兰，纽约（演员）：：……然后纽约和新泽西就断绝了联系。
Gas masks are useless.
防毒面具是没有用的。
Men are dropping like flies.
男人们像苍蝇一样掉落。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): New York City, the bells you hear are ringing to warn people to evacuate the city as Martians approach.
《世界之战》播音员（档案音频）：纽约市，你听到的钟声正在响起，警告人们在火星人逼近时撤离城市。
Estimated in last two hours three million people have moved out along the roads.
估计过去两小时内已有三百万人沿路撤离。
Josephine O'Cone, Summit, New Jersey (actor): I had become so frightened that I began to cry.
约瑟芬·奥科恩（Josephine O'Cone），新泽西州萨米特（演员）：我吓得哭了起来。
I immediately ran downstairs, and grabbed my mother, my coat and key.
我立即跑下楼，抓起妈妈、外套和钥匙。
I kept coughing and crying, “Mother, we are all going to die tonight.
我不停地咳嗽、哭泣：“妈妈，今晚我们都会死。
Mother, the black smoke is getting the best of me, can’t you smell it too?" And over and over in my mind these facts kept racing: take highways to open spaces, keep cool and calm, and beware of gas.
妈妈，我身上的黑烟越来越厉害了，你也闻不到吗？”这些事实在我的脑海中一遍又一遍地盘旋：走高速公路到空旷的地方，保持冷静和冷静，并小心汽油。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Black smoke now spreading over Raymond Boulevard, gas masks useless, Earth's population...
播音员，《世界大战》（档案音频）：黑烟正在雷蒙德大道上空蔓延，防毒面具毫无用处，地球上的人口......
Woman in car (archival): Bob, turn around, go back.
车里的女人（档案）：鲍勃，转身，回去。
Go back, Bob I want to go home...
回去吧，鲍勃，我想回家……
David Ropeik, Journalist: They could smell smoke.
记者 David Ropeik：他们闻到了烟味。
They could hear things.
他们能听到东西。
They could see things.
他们可以看到东西。
This sounds so irrational, wacky, dumb.
这听起来很不合理、古怪、愚蠢。
It’s not.
它不是。
It is, if you think that the brain is this perfectly rational organ.
如果你认为大脑是一个完全理性的器官，那就是这样。
That’s not how the brain works.
大脑不是这样工作的。
It takes the facts, it runs them through feelings, and it comes up with judgments.
它获取事实，通过感受来分析它们，然后得出判断。
And the feelings of fear have a very powerful, visceral, physical effect on people’s perceptions.
恐惧的感觉会对人们的感知产生非常强大的、发自内心的、身体上的影响。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Martian cylinders are falling all over the country.
播音员，《世界之战》（档案音频）：火星圆柱体正在全国各地坠落。
One outside of Buffalo, one in Chicago, St. Louis, seem to be timed and spaced...
一场在布法罗郊外，一场在芝加哥、圣路易斯，似乎是有时间和间隔的……
Susan Douglas, Historian: There were listeners who looked out their windows and if they saw a lot of cars on the street, they were like, "Oh my God, everybody is getting out of here.
历史学家苏珊·道格拉斯（Susan Douglas）：有些听众向窗外望去，如果他们看到街上有很多汽车，他们就会说：“天哪，每个人都离开这里。
We better get out of here too." There were people who looked out at the streets and the streets were empty and were like, "Oh my God, everybody has already left, we better get out of here."
我们最好也离开这里。”有人看着街道，街道空无一人，心想：“天哪，每个人都已经离开了，我们最好离开这里。”
Ingeborg Zimmer, Bloomfield, New Jersey (actor): I insisted to Mr. Zimmer that we drive anywheres – either into the phenomenons or away from them if that were possible.
新泽西州布卢姆菲尔德的英格伯格·齐默（Ingeborg Zimmer）（演员）：我坚持对齐默先生说，我们可以开车去任何地方——要么进入现象，要么远离现象（如果可能的话）。
I grabbed my picture albums.
我抓起了我的相册。
I guess I figured I could show them to St. Peter, like "before and after" pictures, cause I figured when I saw him, I'd just be a charred piece.
我想我想我可以把它们拿给圣彼得看，就像“之前和之后”的照片一样，因为我想当我看到他时，我只是一个烧焦的碎片。
E.M.
E.M.
Moody, Venice, California (actor): ...
穆迪，威尼斯，加利福尼亚州（演员）：...
We at this point had begun to measure our time on earth in a matter of a few hours, and then we changed to a Special Broadcast from a cathedral in New York City, describing five war machines that had lined up on the Hudson River and were preparing to destroy the city.
此时我们已经开始用几个小时来衡量我们在地球上的时间，然后我们切换到纽约市一座大教堂的特别广播，描述了五台战争机器在哈德逊河上排成一排，准备摧毁这座城市。
The streets are jammed, the bridges crowded, people jumping into the river like rats...
街道拥堵，桥梁拥挤，人们像老鼠一样跳进河里……
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Times Square.
播音员，《世界之战》（档案音频）：时代广场。
People are trying to run away from it but it's no use...they are falling like flies...
人们试图逃离它，但没有用……他们像苍蝇一样坠落……
Narrator: At 42 minutes past the hour, Welles finally delivered the station break -- a good ten minutes after CBS had demanded it.
旁白：整点 42 分时，威尔斯终于宣布了车站休息时间——比哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS) 要求的时间晚了整整十分钟。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): You are listening to a CBS presentation of Orson Welles and the Mercury Theater on Air in an original dramatization of The War of the Worlds by H.G.
《世界大战》播音员（档案音频）：您正在收听哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS) 播出的奥森·威尔斯 (Orson Welles) 和水星剧院 (Mercury Theatre) 播出的 H.G. 原创戏剧《世界大战》。
Wells.
威尔斯。
Narrator: Of course, many who had been listening were at that point otherwise occupied.
旁白：当然，当时很多正在听的人都在忙别的事情。
Chris Welles Feder, Daughter of Orson Welles: By the time the second half of the show rolled on the air, people were packing their bags, jumping into their cars, heading for the hills, so I don't know how many people actually heard the second half.
克里斯·威尔斯·费德（Chris Welles Feder），奥逊·威尔斯（Orson Welles）的女儿：当节目的后半部分播出时，人们已经收拾好行李，跳上车，向山上驶去，所以我不知道有多少人真正听到了后半部分。
I would think not many.
我想不会有很多。
Anna Farrell, New York, New York (actor): My sister and I started out for Long Island.
安娜·法雷尔（Anna Farrell），纽约，纽约（演员）：我和姐姐出发前往长岛。
And we hailed a cab and then we went in to a Cafe near 52nd on 8th Avenue.
我们叫了一辆出租车，然后走进第八大道 52 号附近的一家咖啡馆。
I told the Bartender about the end of the world.
我告诉调酒师世界末日的事。
He tried to calm the pair of us down by saying, "Well, if the end of the world is here, why not take it with a smile?" And we did!
他试图让我们俩平静下来，说道：“好吧，如果世界末日就在这里，为什么不微笑着接受它呢？”我们做到了！
We had a Scotch Highball a piece.
我们每人喝了一杯苏格兰高球威士忌。
We felt good that we were gonna die around a few men.
我们感觉很好，因为我们会死在几个男人身边。
Then we had the second one.
然后我们有了第二个。
Then at that time, we knew the Lord had sent us to the right place.
那时，我们知道主把我们送到了正确的地方。
Professor Pierson, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): I thought that I might be the last living man on Earth.
皮尔森教授，《世界之战》（档案音频）：我以为我可能是地球上最后一个活着的人。
Narrator: As Welles ran out the broadcast, the deluge of calls continued to light up switchboards across the country.
旁白：当威尔斯的广播结束时，全国各地的总机上继续涌入大量的电话。
In some quarters, there were even vague reports of suicides and panic-related deaths.
在某些地区，甚至有关于自杀和恐慌相关死亡的模糊报道。
Orson Welles, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): This is Orson Welles, ladies and gentlemen, out of character to assure you that The War of The Worlds has no further significance than as the holiday offering it was intended to be: the Mercury Theatre's own radio version of dressing up in a sheet and jumping out of a bush and saying "Boo!
奥森·威尔斯，《世界之战》（档案音频）：女士们先生们，这是奥森·威尔斯，我不合时宜地向你们保证，《世界之战》除了作为假日节目的初衷之外，没有任何其他意义：水星剧院自己的广播版本，穿着床单，从灌木丛中跳出来，说“嘘！
William Guthrie, Los Angeles, CA (actor): My wife and I were driving through the redwood forest in northern California when the broadcast came over our car radio.
威廉·格思里（William Guthrie），洛杉矶，加利福尼亚州（演员）：当我们的汽车收音机上传来广播时，我和妻子正开车穿过加利福尼亚州北部的红杉森林。
I forgot we were low on gas.
我忘了我们的汽油快用完了。
In the middle of the forest, our gas ran out.
在森林中央，我们的汽油用完了。
There was nothing to do.
无事可做。
We just sat there holding hands expecting any minute to see those Martian monsters appear over the tops of the trees.
我们只是手拉着手坐在那里，期待着随时都能看到那些火星怪物出现在树顶上。
All we could think of was to try and get back to Los Angeles to see our children once more.
我们所能想到的就是尝试回到洛杉矶再次见到我们的孩子。
When Orson said it was a Hallowe'en prank, it was like being reprieved on the way to the gas chamber.
当奥森说这是万圣节恶作剧时，就像在去毒气室的路上被缓刑一样。
Sylvia Holmes, Newark, NJ (actor): It was eleven o'clock and we heard it announced that it was only a play.
西尔维娅·霍姆斯（Sylvia Holmes），新泽西州纽瓦克（演员）：当时是十一点，我们听到宣布这只是一场戏剧。
It sure felt good - just like a burden had been lifted off.
这感觉确实很好——就像卸下了重担一样。
Narrator: At CBS, meanwhile, the ordeal was only just beginning.
旁白：与此同时，在哥伦比亚广播公司，磨难才刚刚开始。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: Immediately after the broadcast the studio was inundated with police, and news reporters, and they cornered Welles and his co-producer, John Houseman and made it seem like the events were more serious: “Do you know about all those deaths on the highway as people were leaving New Jersey?” And they thought they were gonna be put into prison.
媒体历史学家保罗·海尔：节目播出后，演播室立即挤满了警察和新闻记者，他们将威尔斯和他的联合制片人约翰·豪斯曼逼入绝境，让事件看起来更加严重：“你知道人们离开新泽西时在高速公路上发生的所有死亡事件吗？”他们以为自己会被关进监狱。
Narrator: "The following hours were a nightmare," Houseman would later say."...We were hurried out of the studio, downstairs, into a back office.
旁白：“接下来的几个小时简直就是一场噩梦，”豪斯曼后来说。“……我们被匆忙地走出工作室，下楼，进入后台办公室。
There we sat incommunicado while network employees were busily collecting, destroying, or locking up all scripts and records of the broadcast."
我们单独坐在那儿，而网络员工正忙着收集、销毁或锁定所有广播脚本和记录。”
By the next morning, October 31st, the Panic Broadcast was front-page news from coast to coast, with reports of traffic accidents, near-riots, hordes of panicked people in the streets -- all because of a radio play.
到了第二天早上，即 10 月 31 日，《恐慌广播》成为了全国各地的头版新闻，报道了交通事故、近乎骚乱、街上成群结队的惊慌失措的人们——这一切都是因为广播剧。
Florence Rohm, Bridgeville, PA (actor): It was like in a packed theatre and an announcement was made that the theatre was afire.
宾夕法尼亚州布里奇维尔的弗洛伦斯·罗姆（Florence Rohm）（演员）：就像在一个挤满了人的剧院里，有人宣布剧院着火了。
Something like that would lead to the arrest and imprisonment of somebody.
类似的事情会导致某人被捕和监禁。
I don't know if that program violated any set laws, but it certainly was an example of “Wolf!
我不知道该程序是否违反了任何既定法律，但它确实是“狼来了！”的一个例子。
Wolf!”
狼！”
Narrator: On Capital Hill, Iowa Senator Clyde Herring called for legislation to create a national board of radio censors.
旁白：在国会山，爱荷华州参议员克莱德·赫林呼吁立法建立一个全国广播审查委员会。
The chief of the Federal Communications Commission ordered an investigation of CBS's conduct.
美国联邦通信委员会主席下令对哥伦比亚广播公司的行为进行调查。
Worse still, though it had been mere hours since the broadcast, the network had received scores of outraged complaints -- and some were forecasting a flood of lawsuits soon to follow.
更糟糕的是，尽管播出后仅几个小时，电视网就收到了大量愤怒的投诉——有些人预计很快就会出现大量诉讼。
Orson Welles (archival): I've had almost no sleep and I know less about this than you do.
奥森·威尔斯（档案）：我几乎没有睡觉，而且我对此的了解比你还少。
I haven't read the papers.
我还没读过报纸。
Narrator: With contrition the only sensible card to play, CBS executives hastily convened a press conference.
旁白：由于悔恨是唯一明智的选择，哥伦比亚广播公司的高管们匆忙召开了新闻发布会。
Orson Welles (archival): Of course we are deeply shocked and deeply regretful of the results of last night's broadcast...
奥森·威尔斯（档案）：我们当然对昨晚的播出结果深感震惊和深感遗憾……
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: The press conference was one of Welles great performances as an actor.
媒体历史学家保罗·海尔：新闻发布会是威尔斯作为演员的伟大表演之一。
And he knew that his whole career was on the line here.
他知道他的整个职业生涯都岌岌可危。
So he knew that he had to do something and show that he was sincere, which, according to Houseman, he wasn’t that sincere.
所以他知道他必须做点什么来表明他是真诚的，但根据豪斯曼的说法，他并没有那么真诚。
He was pretty pleased with what he had unleashed with the broadcast.
他对自己通过广播所释放的内容感到非常满意。
Reporter (archival): Do you think there ought to be a law against such enactments as we had last night, as a result of that?
记者（档案）：因此，您认为应该制定一项法律来反对我们昨晚所做的此类立法吗？
Orson Welles (archival): I don’t know what the legislation would be.
奥森·威尔斯（档案）：我不知道立法是什么。
I know that almost everybody in radio would do almost anything to avert the kind of thing that has happened, myself included.
我知道广播界的几乎每个人都会尽一切努力来避免发生这种事情，包括我自己。
Narrator: Pale and unshaven -- "looking," as he later put it, "like an early Christian saint" -- Welles was masterful in his astonishment.
旁白：脸色苍白，胡子拉碴——用他后来的话说，“看起来就像一位早期的基督教圣人”——威尔斯的惊讶表现得非常出色。
Chris Welles Feder, Daughter of Orson Welles: You know, when somebody is as smart as my father was, it was very difficult for him to understand how anyone could fall for this.
克里斯·威尔斯·费德（Chris Welles Feder），奥逊·威尔斯（Orson Welles）的女儿：你知道，当有人像我父亲一样聪明时，他很难理解为什么有人会陷入这种困境。
How could they?
他们怎么能呢？
Reporter (archival): Do you think you might have taken advantage of the public?.
记者（档案）：您认为您可能利用了公众的利益吗？
Orson Welles (archival): I simply don't know.
奥森·威尔斯（档案）：我根本不知道。
I can't imagine an invasion from mars would find ready acceptance.
我无法想象来自火星的入侵会被轻易接受。
I was uh...
我当时呃...
Chris Welles Feder, Daughter of Orson Welles: At the moment that he was shocked and dismayed he was also aware that suddenly his name was on the front page of every newspaper all over the world, that overnight he had become internationally famous as a result of this broadcast.
克里斯·威尔斯·费德，奥森·威尔斯的女儿：在他感到震惊和沮丧的那一刻，他也意识到他的名字突然出现在世界各地每家报纸的头版上，一夜之间他因这次广播而变得国际知名。
I don't think he was sorry about that.
我不认为他对此感到抱歉。
Narrator: For Welles, the only tangible consequence of the entire episode would come in the form of a reward.
旁白：对于威尔斯来说，整个事件唯一切实的结果就是奖励。
Peter Bogdanovich, Film Director: Orson always said, “We always thought it was one of our lesser shows.” Of course it scared half the country, but what happened as far as the show was concerned, the Mercury Theatre on the Air finally got a sponsor.
电影导演彼得·博格丹诺维奇：奥森总是说，“我们一直认为这是我们较小的节目之一。”当然，它吓坏了半个国家，但就演出而言，水星剧院终于得到了赞助商。
Paul Heyer, Media Historian: Eventually Campbell Soup came in and it became the Campbell Playhouse.
Paul Heyer，媒体历史学家：最终，坎贝尔汤 (Campbell Soup) 进来了，它变成了坎贝尔剧场 (Campbell Playhouse)。
If Orson Welles could sell millions of people on the idea of a Martian invasion, imagine what he could do for Campbell Soup.
如果奥森·威尔斯能让数百万人相信火星入侵的想法，想象一下他能为金宝汤做些什么。
Chris Welles Feder, Daughter of Orson Welles: The War Of The World broadcast was really the turning point in my father’s career because before the broadcast he had been known in New York as a theater director.
克里斯·威尔斯·费德，奥森·威尔斯的女儿：世界大战的播出确实是我父亲职业生涯的转折点，因为在播出之前，他在纽约以戏剧导演的身份而闻名。
He had been known as a radio personality, but he was not an international star.
他曾作为广播名人而闻名，但并不是国际明星。
And suddenly Hollywood was after him in a big way.
突然之间，好莱坞开始大力追捧他。
Narrator: Welles deftly parlayed his notoriety into an unprecedented Hollywood deal, signing a contract with RKO studios to write, produce, direct and star in one film a year.
旁白：威尔斯巧妙地利用自己的恶名，达成了一项史无前例的好莱坞协议，与雷电华工作室签订了一份合同，每年编写、制作、导演和主演一部电影。
The groundbreaking Citizen Kane would soon follow.
开创性的《公民凯恩》很快就会紧随其后。
Chris Welles Feder, Daughter of Orson Welles: When the Hollywood studios originally approached my father they wanted him to replicate in a movie The War of the Worlds radio broadcast.
克里斯·威尔斯·费德（Chris Welles Feder），奥森·威尔斯的女儿：当好莱坞制片厂最初联系我父亲时，他们希望他在电影《世界大战》的广播中复制。
But of course once my father got to Hollywood the last thing he wanted to do was to make a movie based on The War of the Worlds .
当然，一旦我父亲到达好莱坞，他最不想做的就是根据《世界大战》制作一部电影。
He wanted to do something new and fresh.
他想做一些新鲜的事情。
He was, he was very excited about this new medium.
他对这种新媒体感到非常兴奋。
Narrator: The War of the Worlds would remain a defining moment for Orson Welles -- and for the nation he'd scared out of its wits.
旁白：世界大战对于奥逊·威尔斯以及他吓得魂不附体的国家来说仍然是一个决定性的时刻。
Gerta Brown, East Greenland, New York (actor): Sincerely, when I hear a News Bulletin coming over the radio, in the future I shall say, “Gerta, this is just another one of that Orrie Welles’ hallucination, you know, think nothing of it,” whereupon I shall definitely be soothed.
格尔塔·布朗，纽约东格陵兰（演员）：真诚地，当我听到广播中传来新闻简报时，我会说，“格尔塔，这只是奥里·威尔斯的又一个幻觉，你知道，别想太多，”这样我一定会得到安慰。
Narrator: In the wake of the Panic Broadcast, thousands of ordinary Americans wrote letters -- to the FCC, to CBS, and to Welles himself -- offering praise for the program...
旁白：恐慌广播之后，成千上万的普通美国人写信给联邦通信委员会、哥伦比亚广播公司和威尔斯本人，对这个节目表示赞扬……
Actress 1 (audio): Gentlemen, An orchit to you, and to all the cast of War of the Worlds !
女演员 1（音频）：先生们，献给你们以及世界大战的所有演员们一朵兰花！
Alos, shame on you for giving me the scare of my life!
唉，真丢脸，你给了我一生的恐惧！
Actress 2 (audio): Let me congratulate you on your broadcast...
女演员2（音频）：让我祝贺你的广播......
Actress 3 (audio): ...
女演员3（音频）：...
the Martians visitation upon this earth was a masterpiece of realism.
火星人造访地球是现实主义的杰作。
Actress 4 (audio): ...a horrible prank to play on innocent, unsuspecting people.
女演员 4（音频）：……对无辜、毫无戒心的人开的一个可怕的恶作剧。
Actress 5 (audio): ...Having spent the most horrifying night...
女演员5（音频）：……度过了最恐怖的一夜……
Actor 5 (audio): It think the safest place for you is Mars, take a rocket and get going.
演员5（音频）：它认为对你来说最安全的地方是火星，乘坐火箭出发吧。
Louis F.
路易斯·F.
Heidenrich, Burns, Oregon (actor): For those of us that love our country, we don’t want that kind of hoax put over the air.
海登里希，伯恩斯，俄勒冈州（演员）：对于我们这些热爱我们国家的人来说，我们不希望这种骗局流传开来。
We want government regulated radio.
我们想要政府监管的广播电台。
We are opposed to every little city in this country getting a radio station and putting whatever they want over the air.
我们反对这个国家的每个小城市都建立一个广播电台并播放他们想要的任何内容。
We need a radio dictator.
我们需要一个广播独裁者。
Narrator: But what rankled many was not the broadcast itself, but what the reaction revealed about the American people.
旁白：但令许多人感到不满的不是广播本身，而是人们的反应所揭示的美国人民的情况。
Interviewer (re-creation): So you yourself did not believe the hoax?
采访者（重现）：所以你自己并不相信这个骗局？
Daniel O'Grady, Department of Philosophy, University of Notre Dame, Indiana (actor): : No, those who were deceived by dramatic reenactment would, in an ideal society, be sterilized and disenfranchised.
印第安纳州圣母大学哲学系丹尼尔·奥格雷迪（演员）：不，那些被戏剧重演欺骗的人，在理想的社会中会被绝育并被剥夺公民权。
Such damn fools.
真是一群该死的傻瓜。
It shakes one’s faith in democracy to think that such hysteria and panic can affect those who are supposed to vote intelligently next week.
一想到这种歇斯底里和恐慌会影响那些本应在下周明智投票的人，就会动摇人们对民主的信心。
Narrator: It was a complaint echoed in the newspaper coverage of the broadcast, which continued unabated for two full weeks and amounted to some 12,500 articles in total.
旁白：这是报纸对广播的报道中呼应的抱怨，连续两周有增无减，总共发表了约12,500篇文章。
Over and over again, editorial pages blamed the listener.
社论版一次又一次地指责听众。
To journalist Dorothy Thompson, who applauded Welles in her widely-read column, the episode had cleverly proved the power of propaganda.
记者多萝西·汤普森（Dorothy Thompson）在其广为人知的专栏中为威尔斯鼓掌，对她来说，这一事件巧妙地证明了宣传的力量。
As she put it, "Hitler managed to scare all Europe to its knees a month ago, but at least he had an army and an air force to back up his shrieking words...
正如她所说，“一个月前，希特勒成功地将整个欧洲吓得跪下，但至少他有一支陆军和一支空军来支持他的尖叫言论……
Mr. Welles scared thousands into demoralization with nothing at all..."
威尔斯先生吓得成千上万的人士气低落，一无所有……”
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: Radio is able to convey a single voice to an enormous mass audience where unprecedented numbers of people can be addressed at the same time, for the same purpose, to the same end, by the same spellbinding orator.
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯：广播能够向数量庞大的听众传达单一的声音，同一个引人入胜的演说家可以同时向数量空前的人数、出于同一目的、达到同一目标的听众讲话。
And it remains to be seen what the consequences of that may be.
其后果可能是什么还有待观察。
They may be as benign as a Fireside Chat, which whips up support for Social Security, or they may be the Nuremberg Rallies, or they may simply be the fearful family huddled together around the radio listening to reports of the Munich Crisis or the men from Mars landing in New Jersey.
它们可能像炉边谈话一样温和，从而激发对社会保障的支持，也可能是纽伦堡集会，也可能只是一群恐惧的家庭挤在收音机旁，听着慕尼黑危机或来自火星的人登陆新泽西的报道。
Announcer, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): Scouting planes report enemy machines increasing speed northward, kicking over houses and trees in their evident haste...
播音员，《世界之战》（档案音频）：侦察机报告敌方机器加速向北，在明显的匆忙中踢翻了房屋和树木......
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: People who are concerned about democracy and about vigorous public debate begin to think, “This is scary, you know, that propaganda can work so effectively, and we Americans have gotta figure out ways to resist it, to create institutions that will resist it.”
历史学家杰克逊·李尔斯：关心民主和激烈的公共辩论的人们开始思考，“这很可怕，你知道，宣传可以如此有效地发挥作用，我们美国人必须找到抵制它的方法，建立抵制它的机构。”
Narrator: In the end, all the national hand-wringing would come to nothing.
旁白：最终，所有的全国性的绞尽脑汁都化为泡影。
On December 5th, five weeks after the broadcast, the FCC concluded its investigation -- announcing, to CBS's great relief, that it would take no punitive action against the network.
12 月 5 日，即节目播出五周后，美国联邦通信委员会 (FCC) 结束了调查，并宣布不会对该网络采取任何惩罚措施，这让哥伦比亚广播公司 (CBS) 松了一口气。
CBS, in fact, had voluntarily promised restraint already, making what amounted to a gentleman's agreement with the FCC to avoid the use of dramatized, simulated newscasts in the future.
事实上，哥伦比亚广播公司已经自愿承诺克制，与联邦通信委员会达成了君子协议，避免在未来使用戏剧化的模拟新闻广播。
Of the many suits brought against Welles and CBS, meanwhile, none resulted in the payment of damages.
与此同时，在针对威尔斯和哥伦比亚广播公司提起的众多诉讼中，没有一起诉讼最终导致赔偿损失。
Ultimately, the very extent of the panic would come to be seen as having been exaggerated by the press.
最终，恐慌的严重程度会被认为是被媒体夸大了。
But there was no disputing that something had happened that night in 1938 -- and it would haunt the nation for decades to come.
但毫无疑问，1938 年的那个晚上发生了一些事情，而且这件事将在接下来的几十年里困扰着这个国家。
T.J.
T.J.
Jackson Lears, Historian: It’s such a key moment in the history of American emotional life in the 1930s.
历史学家 Jackson Lears：这是 20 世纪 30 年代美国情感生活史上的一个关键时刻。
The atmosphere of fear and anxiety, the longing for reassurance, but the sense that at any moment destruction might come from the sky, come from abroad, or come from within this country, I think The War of the Worlds spoke directly to those fears and anxieties.
恐惧和焦虑的气氛，对安心的渴望，但毁灭随时可能来自天空、来自国外或来自这个国家的感觉，我认为世界大战直接表达了这些恐惧和焦虑。
David Ropeik, Journalist: The reaction wasn’t just entertainingly irrational - I think it’s hard to fault the people who overreacted to the program.
记者 David Ropeik：人们的反应不仅仅是娱乐性的非理性——我认为很难责怪那些对该计划反应过度的人。
The systems for survival easily readily, emotionally, powerfully, overwhelm the rational.
生存系统很容易在情感上、强有力地压倒理性。
That’s a really powerful physical reality that came from something that’s intrinsic in the human animal.
这是一个非常强大的物理现实，来自人类动物固有的东西。
It’s a truth about us all.
这是我们所有人的真理。
Josephine O'Cone, Summit, New Jersey (actor): I know I will remember the night of Sunday, October 30th, 1938 for as long as I live.
约瑟芬·奥科恩（Josephine O'Cone），新泽西州萨米特（演员）：我知道我会永远记住 1938 年 10 月 30 日星期日的夜晚。
And no one can share my feelings because I cannot explain them.
没有人能分享我的感受，因为我无法解释它们。
But I hope that no one, not even the worst of people, ever feels the way I did last night.
但我希望没有人，即使是最坏的人，也不会像我昨晚那样有同样的感受。
And I hope and pray I never hear anything like it again because it was the most awful thing I ever heard.
我希望并祈祷我再也不会听到类似的事情了，因为这是我听过的最可怕的事情。
Orson Welles, The: War of the Worlds (archival audio): So goodbye everybody, and remember, please, for the next day or so the terrible lesson you learned tonight: that grinning, glowing, globular invader of your living room is an inhabitant of the pumpkin patch, and if your doorbell rings and nobody's there, that was no Martian -- It's Halloween.
奥森·威尔斯，《世界之战》（档案音频）：再见了，大家，请记住，在第二天左右，你今晚学到的可怕教训：你客厅里那个咧着嘴笑、发光的球状入侵者是南瓜地的居民，如果你的门铃响了，但没人在那里，那不是火星人——今天是万圣节。
Slate: The first person reports dramatized by actors in this program were taken from the accounts of actual listeners.
Slate：该节目中演员戏剧化的第一人称报道取自实际听众的叙述。
Anna Farrell, New York, New York (actor): Dear Mr. Orson Welles, Enclosed please find bill for the amount of $2.10 which is for six highballs.
安娜·法雷尔（Anna Farrell），纽约州，纽约州（演员）： 亲爱的奥森·威尔斯先生， 请查收随函附上的 6 杯高杯威士忌 2.10 美元的账单。
Now don't get angry, I think some one must give you a laugh.
现在别生气了，我想一定有人会逗你笑。
I will settle for a pair of tickets to your theatre or the Kate Smith hour.
我会买两张你们剧院或凯特史密斯小时的门票。
Isn't that fair enough?
这还不够公平吗？
Respectfully, Mrs. Anna Farrell.
尊敬的安娜·法雷尔夫人。
P.S Have since given a laugh to hundreds who did not hear the broadcast and many who still think we are nuts!
P.S 此后，数百名没有听到广播的人和许多仍然认为我们疯了的人都笑了！
Watch the opening scene of War of the Worlds .
观看世界大战的开场场景。
Actors, antique radios, and the greatest prank of all times.
演员、古董收音机和有史以来最伟大的恶作剧。
Behind the scenes with the producers of War of the Worlds.
与《世界大战》制片人的幕后花絮。
After the infamous 1938 radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds , thousands of listeners wrote letters.
1938 年臭名昭著的世界大战广播结束后，成千上万的听众写信。
American Experience film producers used the letters as inspiration for dramatized on-camera interviews.
《美国经历》电影制片人将这些信件作为戏剧化镜头采访的灵感来源。
Watch the outtakes.
观看淘汰赛。
In the early 1900s, Martians were a hot topic in American popular culture.
1900 年代初期，火星人是美国流行文化中的热门话题。
By the 1930s, the radio was becoming a staple in American homes.
到 20 世纪 30 年代，收音机已成为美国家庭的必备品。
Now people didn't have to wait for the evening paper — breaking news came right into their living rooms.
现在人们不必等待晚报——突发新闻直接进入他们的客厅。
Martians!
火星人！
In New Jersey!
在新泽西！
It was the most famous invasion that never happened.
这是最著名的一次从未发生过的入侵。
Many Americans could not fathom that some people heard War of the Worlds and actually believed that Martians had landed in New Jersey.
许多美国人无法理解，有些人听说了世界大战，竟然相信火星人已经登陆新泽西州。
Last year, a University of Michigan grad student applied for an internship at American Experience.
去年，密歇根大学的一名研究生申请了美国体验中心的实习机会。
He ended up with a Story By credit on War of the Worlds.
他最终完成了《世界大战》的故事创作。