The Murder of Emmett Till
Stock footage of Tallahatchie River w/commentary: This is the muddy back woods Tallahatchie River where a weighted body was found alleged to be that of young Emmett Till.
塔拉哈奇河 (Tallahatchie River) 影片片段及解说：这是塔拉哈奇河 (Tallahatchie River) 泥泞的后树林，在那里发现了一具沉重的尸体，据称是年轻的埃米特·蒂尔 (Emmett Till)。
Mamie Till Mobley, Mother: I saw a hole, which I presumed, was a bullet hole and I could look through that hole and see daylight on the other side.
玛米·蒂尔·莫布里，母亲：我看到一个洞，我猜想是弹孔，我可以透过那个洞看到另一边的阳光。
And I wondered was it necessary to shoot him?
我想知道有必要开枪打死他吗？
Stock footage of commentator on the trial: Here is Money, Mississippi, the home of Roy Bryant.
审判评论员的视频片段：这里是密西西比州的莫尼，罗伊·布莱恩特的家乡。
It was here, that the Chicago Negro boy Emmett Till is alleged to have paid unwelcome attention to Roy Bryant's most attractive wife.
据称，正是在这里，芝加哥黑人男孩埃米特·蒂尔对罗伊·布莱恩特最有魅力的妻子产生了不受欢迎的关注。
David Lee Jordan, Mississippi State Senator: When white womens was on the streets you had to get off of the street.
密西西比州参议员大卫·李·乔丹：当白人妇女走上街头时，你必须离开街道。
That was a way of life.
那是一种生活方式。
And all a white woman had to say was, "That nigger kinda looked at me or sassed me." So we're talkin' about a way of life that in this part of the country that was enforced by law.
一个白人妇女只能说：“那个黑鬼有点看着我或者嘲笑我。”所以我们谈论的是在这个国家这个地区由法律强制执行的一种生活方式。
Stock footage of commentator on the trial: This was the home of Moses Wright.
审判评论员的影片片段：这是摩西·赖特的家。
It was from this shack the state alleges Emmett Till was taken by Roy Bryant & J.W.
州政府声称埃米特·蒂尔就是在这个小屋里被罗伊·布莱恩特和 J.W. 带走的。
Milam.
米拉姆。
Wheeler Parker, Cousin: The house was a dark as a thousand midnights.
惠勒·帕克，表弟：房子里漆黑如一千个午夜。
You couldn't see.
你看不见。
It was like a nightmare.
这就像一场噩梦。
I mean -- I mean someone come and stand over you with a pistol in one hand and a flashlight and you're 16 years old; it's a terrifying experience.
我的意思是——我的意思是有人一手拿着手枪，拿着手电筒站在你身边，而你才 16 岁；这是一次可怕的经历。
William Winter, former Mississippi Governor: The Till Case held the whole system up for inspection by the rest of the country and by the rest of the world.
密西西比州前州长威廉·温特 (William Winter)：蒂尔案让整个系统受到全国其他地区和世界其他地区的检查。
It was the beginning of the focusing on the problems between the races in the Deep South that culminated in the ultimate Civil Rights battles of the, of the rest of the 50s and, and, and into the 60s.
这是对南方腹地种族之间问题的关注的开始，最终导致 50 年代剩余时间和 60 年代的最终民权斗争达到顶峰。
Rose Jourdain, Journalist: I think black peoples' reaction was so visceral.
记者 Rose Jourdain：我认为黑人的反应非常发自内心。
And I think it was probably more than anything else, in terms of the mass civil rights movement, the spark that, that launched it.
我认为，就大规模民权运动而言，这可能比其他任何事情都重要，它是引发这场运动的火花。
Everybody knew we were under attack and that attack was symbolized by the attack on a 14-year-old boy.
每个人都知道我们受到了攻击，而对一名 14 岁男孩的袭击就是这次袭击的象征。
William Winter: When one drives through the lowest hills and looks out at the sweep of those fields below, flat as a pancake as far as the eye could see, it's breath taking.
威廉·温特：当你开车穿过最低的山丘，眺望下面一望无际的田野时，一眼望去，平坦得像煎饼一样，真是令人叹为观止。
Those who have not been to the Delta find themselves gasping at the sight as they come over the lowest hills and see that expanse of flat agricultural land.
那些没有去过三角洲的人，当他们翻过最低的山丘，看到那片平坦的农田时，都会惊叹不已。
Narrator: It was the summer of 1955 when Emmett Till arrived in Mississippi from Chicago.
旁白：1955 年夏天，埃米特·蒂尔从芝加哥抵达密西西比州。
His family had worked cotton for generations, but this trip would be Emmett's introduction to the Delta, known as "the most southern place on earth."
他的家族世世代代都在种植棉花，但这次旅行是埃米特第一次接触被称为“地球上最南端的地方”的三角洲。
Stock footage Mississippi Citizen's Council film on Forrest, Mississippi: This is Mississippi.
影视素材 密西西比州公民委员会关于密西西比州福雷斯特的电影：这是密西西比州。
Today a situation exists in Mississippi that is unlike the situation in most states in the nation.
如今，密西西比州的情况与全国大多数州的情况不同。
In some sections of the state there is a preponderance of colored citizens.
在该州的某些地区，有色人种公民占多数。
This situation has brought problems, it has created challenges, but most important of all, it has inspired a social system to meet the challenge.
这种情况带来了问题，带来了挑战，但最重要的是，它激发了社会制度来应对挑战。
In every community in Mississippi, there is segregation of the races.
密西西比州的每个社区都存在种族隔离。
Drinking fountains are segregated.
饮水机是分开的。
Restrooms are segregated.
卫生间是分开的。
The local theater is segregated.
当地剧院是隔离的。
Clara Davis, Mississippi Resident: You never in any way said anything that they didn't like.
克拉拉·戴维斯（Clara Davis），密西西比州居民：你从来没有说过任何他们不喜欢的话。
You didn't disagree with 'em on a whole.
总的来说，你并不反对他们的观点。
You just didn't do that.
你只是没有这样做。
If a white person did something to you, you had no recourse at all.
如果一个白人对你做了什么，你根本没有追索权。
People disappeared.
人们消失了。
We don't know what happened to them.
我们不知道他们发生了什么事。
They just disappeared.
他们就这样消失了。
Narrator: In the 75 years before Emmett Till set foot in Mississippi, more than 500 black people had been lynched in the state.
旁白：埃米特·蒂尔踏足密西西比州之前的 75 年里，该州已有 500 多名黑人被私刑处决。
Most were men who had been accused of associating with white women.
其中大多数是被指控与白人女性交往的男性。
Betty Pearson, Mississippi Resident: Part of that culture was that the women were put on pedestals and they were some sort of, ah idealization of whatever it means to be woman or to be female.
贝蒂·皮尔森（Betty Pearson），密西西比州居民：这种文化的一部分是，女性被推上神坛，她们是对“女人”或“女性”的某种理想化。
There was an almost irrational fear of black men as if every black man was ready to attack or rape a white woman if you gave him a chance.
人们对黑人有一种近乎非理性的恐惧，好像每个黑人都准备好攻击或强奸白人妇女，如果你给他机会的话。
I can remember when my father died, Sammy, the black man who worked for him was there and I threw my arms around his neck.
我记得当我父亲去世时，为他工作的黑人萨米就在那里，我用双臂搂住他的脖子。
And he pulled away from me.
然后他就离开了我。
He could not have that, you know physical show of affection, of sharing grief, or whatever.
他不能那样做，你知道，用肢体语言表达爱意，分担悲伤，或者其他什么。
Black men did not touch white women.
黑人男性不接触白人女性。
William Winter: : Many white Southerners, perhaps most Deep South Southerners had convinced themselves that black people were relatively happy in their -- in their segregated relationships with white people.
威廉·温特：许多南方白人，也许是大多数南方腹地人都相信，黑人在与白人的隔离关系中相对快乐。
Most white people, I think, had had convinced themselves that this was a defensible social system in which they lived.
我认为，大多数白人已经说服自己，这是他们所生活的一个可以防御的社会体系。
Ernest Withers, Photographer: I had a cousin that was living in Mississippi and was walking down the sidewalk down near downtown in Tunica and didn't get off the sidewalk and the man slapped him and knocked him off the sidewalk.
欧内斯特·威瑟斯（Ernest Withers），摄影师：我有一个住在密西西比州的表弟，当时他正沿着图尼卡市中心附近的人行道行走，没有离开人行道，那人就打了他一巴掌，把他从人行道上撞了下来。
And he got up, and instead of killin' the white man like he wanted, he just start walkin' and never stopped until he got to Memphis and never stopped until he got up to Chicago.
然后他站起来，并没有像他想要的那样杀死白人，而是开始行走，直到到达孟菲斯才停止，直到到达芝加哥才停止。
Narrator: Hundreds of thousands of black people fled Mississippi for Chicago in the years between the World Wars.
旁白：两次世界大战期间，数十万黑人逃离密西西比州前往芝加哥。
One-way train fare of $11.10 took them to a different world.
11.10 美元的单程火车票价将他们带到了一个不同的世界。
Neighborhoods and schools were segregated, but the city offered the kind of freedom black Mississippians could only dream about.
社区和学校被隔离，但这座城市提供了密西西比黑人梦寐以求的自由。
Mamie Till: Chicago was a land of promise and they thought that milk and honey was everywhere.
玛米·蒂尔：芝加哥是一片充满希望的土地，他们认为牛奶和蜂蜜无处不在。
And so it was a lot of excitement leaving the South, leaving the cotton fields.
因此，离开南方、离开棉田是一件令人兴奋的事情。
You could hold your head up in Chicago.
在芝加哥你可以抬起头来。
Narrator: Mamie Carthan arrived in Chicago at the age of two.
旁白：玛米·卡森两岁时抵达芝加哥。
An only child, young Mamie was the hope of her family of former sharecroppers.
年轻的玛米是独生子，她是前佃农家庭的希望。
She graduated from high school at the top of her class, and became one of the first black women in town to hold a civil service job.
她以全班第一的成绩从高中毕业，并成为镇上第一批担任公务员职位的黑人女性之一。
In 1940, Mamie married soldier Louis Till, and one year later, their son, Emmett, was born.
1940 年，玛米与士兵路易斯·蒂尔结婚，一年后，他们的儿子埃米特出生。
In 1945, Mamie got word that Private Till had died in Europe.
1945 年，玛米收到二等兵蒂尔在欧洲去世的消息。
All she received of his possessions was a signet ring inscribed with his initials, L.T.
她收到的只是他的一枚印章戒指，上面刻着他名字的首字母：L.T.
Emmett, her only child, was four years old.
她唯一的孩子埃米特四岁了。
A childhood case of polio left him with a stutter, but by the time he was a teenager, Emmett Till had grown into a cocky, self-assured boy who loved to be the center of attention.
童年时期的小儿麻痹症使他口吃，但到了青少年时期，埃米特·蒂尔已经成长为一个骄傲、自信、喜欢成为关注焦点的男孩。
Richard Heard, Classmate: When we first met, we were in gym in Mr. Long's gym period.
理查德·赫德（Richard Heard）同学：我们第一次见面时，是在龙先生健身时期的健身房里。
I remember Emmett raising his shirt up to about his navel and start making his belly roll, just waves of fat rollin' and it just broke us up.
我记得埃米特把他的衬衫拉到了肚脐附近，然后开始让他的肚子卷起来，只有一波又一波的脂肪滚动，这让我们分手了。
I mean the whole gym went crazy.
我的意思是整个健身房都疯了。
He was that kinda kid.
他就是那种孩子。
Wheeler Parker: : Anything goin' on, he's in the middle of all -- all of it and he just loved to play ball.
惠勒·帕克：：无论发生什么事情，他都在其中——所有这一切，他就是喜欢打球。
He just loved jokes.
他只是喜欢开玩笑。
He would pay people to tell him jokes.
他会花钱请人给他讲笑话。
If there was a group there, Emmett was in front.
如果那里有一群人，埃米特就在前面。
And he was the lively one.
而他就是那个活泼的人。
He was the one that everybody kind of looked to.
他是每个人都仰慕的人。
Natural born leader.
天生的领导者。
Narrator: In June of 1955, black Chicago swung to a new kind of music called rock 'n' roll.
旁白：1955 年 6 月，芝加哥黑人开始流行一种名为摇滚乐的新型音乐。
A Supreme Court decision had struck down school segregation the year before.
最高法院的一项裁决在前一年废除了学校种族隔离。
Emmett finished seventh grade, and in July, he turned 14.
埃米特完成了七年级学业，今年 7 月，他就满 14 岁了。
It was summer, and it was a good time to become a young man.
那是夏天，正是成为年轻人的好时机。
Magnolia Cooksey-Mathious, Classmate: I knew Emmett Till.
Magnolia Cooksey-Mathious，同学：我认识埃米特·蒂尔。
We went to grammar school together.
我们一起上文法学校。
And Emmett was a fun young man, just like any other young teenager.
埃米特是一个有趣的年轻人，就像其他青少年一样。
The boys wore polyester pants, crepe soled shoes.
男孩们穿着涤纶裤子、绉底鞋。
I would wear flared skits with the crinoline underneath, you must have the crinoline.
我会穿喇叭形小品，下面穿衬裙，你必须有衬裙。
And we were doing the bop, that's the bebop, and we just danced and had fun.
我们当时正在跳波普音乐，那就是波普音乐，我们只是跳舞，玩得很开心。
We were just all good friends.
我们只是好朋友。
Narrator: In August, Emmett's great uncle, Moses Wright, visited Chicago and invited Emmett and his cousin Wheeler home to Mississippi.
旁白：八月，埃美特的叔祖父摩西·赖特访问了芝加哥，并邀请埃美特和他的表弟惠勒回到密西西比州的家。
Before she let them go, Mamie schooled the boys on the ways of the South.
在放他们走之前，玛米对孩子们进行了南方生活方式的教育。
Mamie Till: I let them know that Mississippi was not Chicago.
玛米·蒂尔：我让他们知道密西西比州不是芝加哥。
And when you go to Mississippi, you're living by an entirely different set of rules.
当你去密西西比州时，你将遵循一套完全不同的规则。
Ah, it is, 'yes, ma'am' and 'no, ma'am', 'yes, sir' and 'no, sir'.
啊，是，“是的，女士”和“不，女士”，“是的，先生”和“不，先生”。
And, Beau if you see a white woman coming down the street, you get off the sidewalk and drop your head.
而且，博，如果你看到一个白人妇女沿着街道走来，你就离开人行道并低下头。
Don't even look at her.
连看都不看她一眼。
Wheeler Parker: The concern for Emmett was that he could be, with his fun-loving, free-spirited way of living, he could get in trouble, could have a lot of problems.
惠勒·帕克：埃米特担心的是，尽管他热爱玩乐、自由奔放的生活方式，但他可能会遇到麻烦，可能会遇到很多问题。
He was 14, but he just turned 14.
他14岁了，但他才刚刚满14岁。
He was just 13 just a few weeks before we went down there.
我们去那里的几周前，他才 13 岁。
Mamie Till: He thought I was exaggerating, which I was.
玛米·蒂尔：他认为我夸大其词，事实确实如此。
I was trying to exaggerate.
我试图夸大其词。
If I could go high enough, I -- things could soak into his head that, "You have to be very careful."
如果我能走得足够高，我——他的脑海中就会浮现这样的想法：“你必须非常小心。”
Narrator: As Emmett packed his bags, Mississippi was set to explode.
旁白：当埃米特收拾行李时，密西西比即将爆炸。
Two black men had recently been killed for registering black voters.
两名黑人最近因登记黑人选民而被杀。
And a push to implement the new law on school desegregation had whites from the delta to the statehouse spitting fire.
推动实施关于学校废除种族隔离的新法律的行动让从三角洲到州议会大厦的白人都怒火中烧。
James Eastland, Senator: You are not going to permit the NAACP to take over your schools.
参议员詹姆斯·伊斯特兰：你们不会允许全国有色人种协进会接管你们的学校。
You are not going to permit the NAACP to control your state.
你不会允许全国有色人种协进会控制你的州。
William Winter, Governor: It was argued in coffee shops all over the Deep South, that "If we give on this, then we'll, we'll start giving on everything else and the first thing you know, we won't have a segregated society, and black people will be taking over in this part of the country."
威廉·温特 (William Winter)，州长：在整个南方腹地的咖啡馆里，人们都在争论，“如果我们在这一点上做出让步，那么我们就会开始在其他一切上做出让步，首先你知道，我们不会有一个种族隔离的社会，黑人将接管这个国家的这个地区。”
Moses Newson, Journalist: A lot of leadership was going around making outrageous threats and claiming they weren't going to obey the law and that sort of thing.
摩西·纽森（Moses Newson），记者：许多领导层到处发出无耻的威胁，并声称他们不会遵守法律之类的事情。
Consequences was that almost anything could happen to anybody at anytime down there.
结果是，任何人在任何时候几乎任何事情都可能发生在下面。
Narrator: On August 19th, Mamie gave Emmett the ring that had belonged to his father.
旁白：8 月 19 日，玛米把属于他父亲的戒指交给了埃米特。
The next morning, Emmett and his mother grabbed his bags and rushed off to the 63rd Street station.
第二天早上，埃米特和他的母亲抓起行李，冲向第 63 街车站。
Mamie Till: He was running up the steps to try to make it to the train and I said, "Emmett, or Beau" -- I called him Beau, I said, "Where are you going?
玛米·蒂尔：他跑上台阶，试图赶上火车，我说，“艾美特，或者博”——我叫他博，我说，“你要去哪里？
You haven't kissed me good-bye.
你还没有吻别我。
And how do I know I'll ever see you again?" And he looked at me and he said, "Aw, Mama." He kind of scolded me for saying something like that.
我怎么知道我还能再见到你呢？”他看着我说：“噢，妈妈。”他因为我说了这样的话而责骂我。
But he turned around and he came back and he kissed me good-bye and he said, "Here.
但他转过身来，和我吻别，然后说：“在这里。
Take this." He pulled his watch off and gave it to me.
拿着这个。”他摘下手表递给我。
He said, "I won't need this where I'm going." I said, "What about your ring?" He said, "Oh, I'm gonna show it off to the fellas." And with that, he was up the steps and on his way to get on the train.
他说：“我要去的地方不需要这个。”我说：“你的戒指呢？”他说：“哦，我要向大家展示一下。”说完，他走上台阶，准备上火车。
Narrator: : Emmett rode the Illinois Central 16 hours out of Chicago to the Mississippi Delta.
旁白：埃米特乘坐伊利诺伊州中部铁路从芝加哥出发，经过 16 个小时到达密西西比三角洲。
Wheeler Parker: We went to South, near the beginning of cotton-picking time, late August, and we picked cotton for a half a day and we would go swimming, run the snakes out the river.
惠勒帕克：我们去了南方，八月下旬，临近棉花采摘季节，我们采了半天棉花，然后去游泳，把蛇赶出河。
We had a lot of fun.
我们玩得很开心。
Narrator: Emmett's family lived on the outskirts of Money, a whistle-stop town in the heart of Delta cotton country.
旁白：埃米特的家人住在马尼的郊区，马尼是三角洲棉花之乡中心的一个哨站小镇。
Clara Davis: The town of Money was one street with maybe five or six stores, but that's all.
克拉拉·戴维斯：金钱镇只有一条街，可能有五六家商店，但仅此而已。
Just one, one street.
只有一处，一条街。
Wasn't much, wasn't really a town.
面积不大，算不上一个城镇。
Narrator: At one end of Money was Bryant's grocery, which made a business of selling candy to black kids and provisions to field hands from nearby plantations.
旁白：钱的一端是布莱恩特的杂货店，它的业务是向黑人孩子出售糖果，并向附近种植园的田野工人出售粮食。
Roy Bryant, a 24 year-old ex-soldier and his wife Carolyn owned the grocery and not much else.
24 岁的前士兵罗伊·布莱恩特 (Roy Bryant) 和他的妻子卡罗琳 (Carolyn) 拥有这家杂货店，除此之外别无其他。
The Bryants lived with their two boys in cramped rooms behind the store.
科比夫妇和两个儿子住在商店后面狭窄的房间里。
Roy's half-brother J.W.
罗伊同父异母的弟弟 J.W.
Milam helped out around the grocery.
米拉姆在杂货店帮忙。
The 235-pound Milam was a hard drinking man with a reputation for being tough on anyone who got in his way.
体重 235 磅的米拉姆是一个酗酒的人，以对任何妨碍他的人都很严厉而闻名。
On a steamy Wednesday afternoon, Emmett and seven other teenagers piled into Moses Wright's old Ford and headed to Bryant's grocery.
在一个闷热的周三下午，埃米特和另外七名青少年挤进摩西·赖特的旧福特汽车，前往科比的杂货店。
Wheeler Parker: The day that we went to the store in Money, we were picking cotton first half of the day, and the second half, because it was so hot -- my uncle drove the car and we took off to Money to get some refreshments, just general things you buy in a store.
Wheeler Parker：我们去Money商店的那天，我们前半天在摘棉花，后半天，因为天气太热了——我叔叔开车，我们就去Money买一些茶点，只是在商店买的一般东西。
Narrator: Roy Bryant was out of town, leaving his wife Carolyn alone behind the counter when Emmett and his cousins pulled up.
旁白：当埃米特和他的堂兄弟们停下来时，罗伊·布莱恩特出城了，留下他的妻子卡罗琳独自在柜台后面。
Other customers were sitting outside, talking and playing checkers in the cool of the shade.
其他顾客坐在外面，在凉爽的树荫下聊天、下棋。
One or two at a time, the boys drifted into the store and back out again with a cold drink or a piece of candy.
男孩们每次一两个人走进商店，然后带着一杯冷饮或一块糖果回来。
Then, Emmett went in and bought two cents' worth of bubblegum.
然后，艾美特进去买了价值两美分的泡泡糖。
According to witnesses, on his way out of the store, Emmett turned to Carolyn Bryant and whistled.
据目击者称，埃米特在走出商店时转向卡罗琳·布莱恩特吹了口哨。
She stormed out.
她冲了出去。
Wheeler Parker: We all got a-scared and someone said, "She's going to get a pistol." That's when we became afraid.
惠勒·帕克：我们都很害怕，有人说，“她会拿把手枪。”那时我们就开始害怕了。
Said, "She's going to the car to get a pistol." And as she went to the car, we all jumped in my uncle's car.
说：“她要去车里拿手枪。”当她走向汽车时，我们都跳上了我叔叔的车。
We were goin' pretty fast and dust is flying behind us.
我们开得很快，身后灰尘飞扬。
And, of course, Emmett Till begged us not to tell my grandfather what had took place.
当然，埃米特·蒂尔恳求我们不要告诉祖父发生了什么事。
And we didn't.
但我们没有。
This was on a Wednesday.
这是在星期三。
And we didn't tell him what had taken place.
我们没有告诉他发生了什么。
Ah, so Wednesday went by, Thursday went by, nothin'.
啊，周三过去了，周四过去了，什么也没有。
Friday.
星期五。
We forgot about it.
我们忘记了。
Moses Wright, description of kidnapping: Sunday Morning about 2:30, I heard a voice at the door.
摩西·赖特 (Moses Wright)，绑架描述：周日凌晨 2 点 30 分左右，我听到门口有声音。
And it said, "This is Mr. Bryant." And said they wanted the boy that did the talk at Money.
上面写着：“这是布莱恩特先生。”并说他们想要那个在 Money 演讲的男孩。
And when I opened the door there was a man standing with a pistol in one hand and a flashlight in the other.
当我打开门时，看到一个男人站在那里，一手拿着手枪，另一只手拿着手电筒。
Wheeler Parker: It was like a nightmare.
惠勒·帕克：这就像一场噩梦。
I mean it's -- I mean someone come and stand over you with a pistol in one hand and a flashlight and you're 16 years old it's a terrifying experience, very terrifying.
我的意思是，有人一手拿着手枪，拿着手电筒站在你身边，而你才 16 岁，这是一次可怕的经历，非常可怕。
Moses Wright, description of kidnapping: So we marched around through two rooms and I found the boy in the third room in the bed with my baby boy and they told him to get up and put his clothes on.
摩西·赖特（Moses Wright），对绑架的描述：所以我们绕着两个房间走了一圈，我发现第三个房间里的男孩和我的男婴躺在床上，他们让他站起来穿上衣服。
Narrator: Moses Wright pleaded with the two men.
旁白：摩西·赖特向这两个人恳求。
He's only 14, and he's from up North.
他只有 14 岁，来自北方。
"Why not give the boy a whipping," Wright begged, "and leave it at that?"
“为什么不鞭打这个男孩，”赖特恳求道，“就这样吧？”
Wheeler Parker: The two in the next room, my cousin and uncle they never woke up.
惠勒·帕克：隔壁房间的两个人，我的表弟和叔叔，他们再也没有醒来。
My uncle Simmie did wake up, but they told him to go back to sleep.
我叔叔西米确实醒了，但他们让他回去睡觉。
He was 12 years old.
那年他12岁。
And I just said, "Hell, I'm fixing to die."
我只是说：“见鬼，我快要死了。”
Narrator: J.W.
讲述者：J.W.
Milam turned to Moses Wright.
米拉姆转向摩西·赖特。
"How old are you, preacher?" He asked.
“你多大了，牧师？”他问道。
"64," Wright replied, "You make any trouble, you'll never live to be 65."
“64岁，”赖特回答道，“你制造任何麻烦，你就永远活不到65岁。”
Moses Wright, description of kidnapping: Near to the car they asked a question, "Is this the right one?" And I heard a voice say, "Yes" and they drove off toward Money with him.
摩西·赖特 (Moses Wright)，对绑架的描述：他们在汽车附近问了一个问题：“这是正确的吗？”我听到一个声音说：“是的”，然后他们就和他一起开车前往莫尼。
Wheeler Parker: Nobody talked to anybody.
惠勒·帕克：没有人与任何人交谈。
The house was a dark as a thousand midnights.
房子里漆黑如一千个午夜。
You couldn't see...and when they left, I was still afraid and so I'm waitin' for them to come back.
你看不到……当他们离开时，我仍然很害怕，所以我在等他们回来。
It was that Sunday morning, early Sunday morning.
那是周日早上，周日清晨。
Warren Hampton, Mississippi Resident: I was playin' beside the road and I saw Mr. Milam in the truck coming by and it had a, had a cover over the door, we called a tarpaulin, and I heard somebody hollerin' on the truck.
密西西比州沃伦·汉普顿 (Warren Hampton) 居民：我当时在路边玩耍，看到米拉姆先生开着卡车驶过，车门上有一个盖子，我们叫了防水布，然后我听到有人在卡车上大喊大叫。
Willie Reed, Mississippi Resident: I could hear all this beatin' and I could hear this beatin' and I could here this cryin' and cryin' and beatin', and I'm saying to myself, "They beatin' somebody up there." I heard that beatin' even, before I got to, even before I got to the barn.
威利·里德，密西西比州居民：我可以听到所有这些殴打，我可以听到这种殴打，我可以在这里哭泣，哭泣和殴打，我对自己说，“他们在那里殴打某人。”我什至在我到达之前，甚至在我到达谷仓之前就听到了那声敲击声。
I passed, they still beatin', they still beatin'.
我过去了，他们还在打，他们还在打。
I hear it.
我听到了。
Milam came out.
米拉姆出来了。
So when he said "Did you hear anything?" I saw him he had khaki pants on, had a green nylon shirt, and a .45 on his side.
所以当他说“你听到什么了吗？”我看到他穿着卡其色的裤子，穿着绿色的尼龙衬衫，身边戴着 0.45 的枪。
So I said, "Naw." I said, "I didn't hear anything," I said, "anything."
所以我说：“不。”我说：“我什么也没听到，”我说，“什么也没听到。”
Oudie Brown, Mississippi Resident: I was coming through there that mornin'.
Oudie Brown，密西西比州居民：那天早上我正经过那里。
Too Tight was out there washing the truck out.
太紧了，正在外面清洗卡车。
Out washing J.W.
外出洗衣服 J.W.
Milam's truck out.
米拉姆的卡车开走了。
I said, "What all that blood come from?" He laughed.
我说：“这些血是从哪里来的？”他笑了。
The boy laughed.
男孩笑了。
That's what he did.
他就是这么做的。
He said, "There's a shoe here.
他说：“这里有一只鞋。
There's one of his shoes here." I said "Who!?" That's the way I said it.
这里有他的一只鞋子。”我说：“谁！？”我就是这么说的。
I say "Who?" "Emmett Till's shoe."
我说“谁？” “埃米特·蒂尔的鞋子。”
Narrator: In Chicago, a desperate Mamie Till notified the local newspapers of Emmett's disappearance.
旁白：在芝加哥，绝望的玛米·蒂尔向当地报纸通报了埃米特失踪的消息。
In Mississippi, the family alerted the sheriff and then began to search for any sign of the boy along riverbanks and under bridges, "Where black folks always look," Emmett's uncle said, "when something like this happens." The next day, Roy Bryant was arrested for kidnapping.
在密西西比州，家人通知了治安官，然后开始沿着河岸和桥下寻找男孩的踪迹，埃米特的叔叔说，“当类似的事情发生时，黑人总是会看的地方。”第二天，罗伊·布莱恩特因绑架罪被捕。
J.W.
J.W.
Milam was at a store in nearby Minter City when the Leflore County sheriff caught up with him.
当勒弗洛尔县治安官追上米拉姆时，他正在明特城附近的一家商店里。
Oudie Brown: Said, "J.W., I got a writ for ya." He throwed his head up there, just like that.
欧迪·布朗：说，“J.W.，我给你写了一份令状。”他把头抬起来，就这样。
He spoke of it again, he went over it again.
他又讲了一遍，又讲了一遍。
He said, "I got a writ for you.
他说：“我给你写了一份令状。
Is you goin?" "Hell no, that's shit you talking." No longer than two hours, the high sheriff come back.
你去吗？” “天哪，不，你说的都是狗屎。”不到两个小时，高级警长就回来了。
The high sheriff come in there, didn't even knock on no door or nothin'.
高级警长进来了，甚至没有敲门，什么也没有。
Walked in there say, "J.W.
走进那里说：“J.W.
Milam I come at ya'.
米拉姆，我来找你了。
I'm gonna carry you dead or alive.
我会带你去死或活。
You just as well to get ready to go." Yeah.
你也准备好出发吧。”是的。
Narrator: On August 31, three days after Emmett Till had disappeared, a boy fishing in the Tallahatchie noticed a body caught on a gnarled root in the muddy water.
旁白：8 月 31 日，即埃米特·蒂尔失踪三天后，一个在塔拉哈奇河钓鱼的男孩注意到泥水中有一具被缠在粗糙树根上的尸体。
He informed Tallahatchie County sheriff Clarence Strider.
他通知了塔拉哈奇县警长克拉伦斯·斯特赖德。
Clarence Strider Jr., Son of Mississippi Sheriff: My dad called me and asked me did I have a boat in the river.
密西西比州警长之子小克拉伦斯·斯特赖德：我爸爸打电话给我，问我河里有船吗？
And I told him I did.
我告诉他我做到了。
Then he said, "Well, we'll be down there in a little while," and he sent deputies down here to go with me and we took the boat and went up the river.
然后他说：“好吧，我们一会儿就到那里。”然后他派了代表和我一起去，我们就乘船逆流而上。
It was in a curve in a drift and a foot was stickin' up and we tore into the drift and got to him and, you know, got him out.
它在一个斜坡上的弯道上，一只脚伸出来，我们冲进斜坡，找到他，你知道，把他救了出来。
Then we carried him to the, up to the other landin' and put him in the hearse.
然后我们把他抬到另一个平台，把他放进灵车里。
Narrator: : Emmett's body had been weighed down with a 75-pound cotton gin fan tied around his neck with barbed wire.
旁白：：埃米特的脖子上被铁丝网绑着一把 75 磅重的杜松子棉风扇，他的身体很重。
The boy was so badly beaten that Moses Wright could identify Emmett only by his father's ring.
这个男孩被打得很惨，摩西·赖特只能通过他父亲的戒指认出埃米特。
Mamie Till was in Chicago, surrounded by worried family and friends, when she was told that her only child was dead.
当玛米·蒂尔被告知她唯一的孩子去世时，她正在芝加哥，周围都是忧心忡忡的家人和朋友。
Mamie Till: Those words were like arrows sticking all over my body.
玛米·蒂尔：这些话就像箭一样刺在我的身上。
My eyes were so full of tears until I couldn't see.
我的眼睛充满了泪水，直到我什么也看不见。
And when I began to make the announcement that Emmett had been found and how he was found, the whole house began to scream and to cry.
当我开始宣布艾美特被发现以及他是如何被发现时，整个房子开始尖叫和哭泣。
And that's when I realized that this was a load that I was going to have to carry.
就在那时我意识到这是我必须承担的重担。
I wouldn't get any help carrying this load.
我不会得到任何帮助来承担这个负担。
Narrator: By the time Mamie received her son's body back in Chicago, two weeks after she had kissed him goodbye, Emmett's murder was front page news.
旁白：当玛米在芝加哥收到她儿子的尸体时，也就是她吻别他两周后，埃米特的谋杀案成了头条新闻。
His body was taken to a funeral home owned by A.A.
他的遗体被运往 A.A. 拥有的殡仪馆。
Rayner, who had promised Mississippi authorities that he would keep the casket nailed shut.
雷纳曾向密西西比当局承诺，他将把棺材钉牢。
When Mamie Till asked him to open it up, Rayner refused.
当玛米·蒂尔要求他打开它时，雷纳拒绝了。
Mamie Till: : I asked him, "Mr. Rayner, do you have a hammer?" I said, "I haven't signed anything, and I haven't made any promises, and if you can't open those box -- that box, I can,"
玛米·蒂尔：我问他，“雷纳先生，你有锤子吗？”我说：“我没有签署任何东西，也没有做出任何承诺，如果你不能打开那个盒子——那个盒子，我可以，”
Harry Caise, Mortician: And we opened the casket, there was a terrible odor that came from the body because the body had been in the water and began to deteriorate.
哈利·凯斯（Harry Caise），殡葬师：我们打开棺材，尸体散发出难闻的气味，因为尸体已经在水中并开始腐烂。
Mr. Rayner was, he told the mother, he said, "If I was you I wouldn't look at this body because this body in such a horrible condition." She said, "Mr. Rayner, I want to see my son."
雷纳先生告诉这位母亲，他说：“如果我是你，我就不会看这具尸体，因为这具尸体的状况如此可怕。”她说：“雷纳先生，我想见见我的儿子。”
Mamie Till: And I decided then that I would start at his feet and work my way up, maybe gathering strength as I went.
玛米·蒂尔：然后我决定从他的脚开始，一路向上，也许在前进的过程中积聚力量。
I paused at his midsection, because I knew he would not want me looking at him.
我在他的腹部停了下来，因为我知道他不想让我看着他。
But I saw enough that I knew he was intact.
但我看到的足够多，我知道他完好无损。
I kept on up until I got to his chin and then I -- I was forced to deal with his face.
我一直坚持到了他的下巴，然后我——我被迫处理他的脸。
I saw that his tongue was choked out.
我看到他的舌头被噎住了。
I noticed that the right eye was lying on midway his cheek, I noticed that his nose had been broken like somebody took a meat chopper and chopped his nose in several places.
我注意到他的右眼位于他脸颊的中间，我注意到他的鼻子被打破了，就像有人拿了一个切肉机，把他的鼻子砍了好几处。
As I kept looking, I saw a hole, which I presumed was a bullet hole and I could look through that hole and see daylight on the other side.
当我继续寻找时，我看到了一个洞，我认为这是一个弹孔，我可以透过那个洞看到另一边的阳光。
And I wondered, was it necessary to shoot him?
我想知道，有必要开枪打死他吗？
Mr. Rayner asked me, he said "Do you want me to touch the body up?" I said, "No, Mr. Rayner, let the people see what I've seen." I was just willing to bear it all.
雷纳先生问我，他说“你想让我摸一下尸体吗？”我说：“不，雷纳先生，让人们看看我所看到的。”我只是愿意承受这一切。
I think everybody needed to know what had happened to Emmett Till.
我想每个人都需要知道埃米特·蒂尔发生了什么事。
Narrator: Mamie's decision would make her son's death a touchstone for a generation.
旁白：玛米的决定将使她儿子的死成为一代人的试金石。
At a church on the South Side of Chicago, Emmett Till's mutilated body would be on display for all to see.
在芝加哥南区的一座教堂里，埃米特·蒂尔被肢解的尸体将被展示给所有人看。
Magnolia Cooksey-Mathious: It was on a Sunday afternoon.
Magnolia Cooksey-Mathious：那是一个周日下午。
I won't ever forget, it was a Sunday afternoon.
我永远不会忘记，那是一个周日的下午。
The church was very calm; the line was very orderly.
教堂里非常平静。队伍非常有秩序。
Mamie Till: I thought that pretty soon the crowd would die down.
玛米·蒂尔：我以为人群很快就会安静下来。
It looked like all of Chicago was there.
看起来整个芝加哥都在那里。
Harry Caise: Well they brought the children with them because Emmett was 14 years old and they wanted the younger kids to see what happened to Emmett.
哈里·凯斯：嗯，他们带着孩子们一起来，因为艾美特已经 14 岁了，他们希望年幼的孩子们看看艾美特发生了什么事。
They were mad, they were angry.
他们很生气，他们很愤怒。
Magnolia Cooksey-Mathious: And as we were led into the church, my girlfriends and myself, we walked up to the casket and it was covered with a glass and we all looked down; this was our friend laying lookin' like a monster.
Magnolia Cooksey-Mathious：当我和我的女朋友们被带进教堂时，我们走到棺材前，棺材上盖着玻璃，我们都低头看去；这是我们的朋友，躺在地上看起来像个怪物。
Mamie Till: They said that about one in every five had to be assisted out of the building.
玛米·蒂尔：他们说大约五分之一的人必须在协助下才能离开大楼。
They would just go into a faint.
他们只会昏倒。
Rose Jourdain: I think black peoples' reaction was so visceral.
罗斯·乔丹：我认为黑人的反应非常发自内心。
Everybody knew we were under attack and that attack was symbolized by the attack on a 14-year-old boy.
每个人都知道我们受到了攻击，而对一名 14 岁男孩的袭击就是这次袭击的象征。
Wheeler Parker: : As far as I was concerned, that wasn't him there, yet at the same time, as confusing as it may sound, it was him.
惠勒·帕克：就我而言，那不是他，但同时，尽管听起来令人困惑，那是他。
But I didn't accept it.
但我没有接受。
I just in my mind I kept sayin', "I'll see him again," you know.
我只是在心里一直说，“我会再次见到他，”你知道。
And I guess to me it didn't happen.
我想对我来说这并没有发生。
But it did happen.
但它确实发生了。
Narrator: Fifty thousand people in Chicago had seen Emmett Till's corpse with their own eyes.
旁白：芝加哥有五万人亲眼目睹了埃米特·蒂尔的尸体。
When the black magazine Jet ran photos of the body, black Americans across the country shuddered.
当黑人杂志《Jet》刊登了尸体的照片时，全国各地的美国黑人都感到不寒而栗。
Richard Heard: It was grotesque.
理查德·赫德：这太奇怪了。
I mean it was just ...
我的意思是这只是...
It blew my mind.
这让我大吃一惊。
I couldn't sleep at night.
我晚上无法入睡。
It was traumatic for me for -- for months.
几个月以来，这对我来说都是一种创伤。
I mean, it touched us all.
我的意思是，它触动了我们所有人。
Narrator: Mainstream newspapers and magazines spread the story of the 14-year-old black boy who'd been brutally killed for whistling at a white woman.
旁白：主流报纸和杂志传播了一名 14 岁黑人男孩因向一名白人妇女吹口哨而惨遭杀害的故事。
Rose Jourdain: It stunned white America.
罗斯·乔丹：这震惊了美国白人。
Most white Americans at that time were saying things such as the Emmett Till murder had happened back in slavery times.
当时大多数美国白人都在说埃米特·蒂尔谋杀案等事情发生在奴隶制时代。
That these kinds of things were not of their generation, that they no longer happened in America.
这些事情不属于他们这一代人，它们不再发生在美国。
And this said to them clearly, "Hey, it's right here.
这清楚地对他们说：“嘿，就在这里。
It is now."
就是现在。”
Narrator: Roy Bryant and J.W.
旁白：罗伊·布莱恩特和 J.W.
Milam admitted having taken Emmett Till, but claimed they'd let him go.
米拉姆承认带走了埃米特·蒂尔，但声称他们会放他走。
Now, with the eyes of the nation turning to Mississippi, the state appointed a special prosecutor and filed charges.
现在，随着全国的目光转向密西西比州，该州任命了一名特别检察官并提出指控。
Stock Footage, Prosecutor Chatem w/charges: D.A.
影视素材，检察官查特姆 (Chatem) 指控：D.A.
Chatem: The federal indictment is that they did willfully, unlawfully, feloniously and of their malice of forethought kill and murder Emmett Till, a human being.
查特姆：联邦起诉书称，他们蓄意、非法、重罪，并出于深谋远虑的恶意杀害和谋杀了埃米特·蒂尔，一个人。
Narrator: Scores of reporters descended on the Delta.
旁白：数十名记者来到三角洲地区。
Television networks chartered a plane to send footage to New York for the nightly news.
电视网络包租了一架飞机将镜头发送到纽约以播放晚间新闻。
The Associated Press fielded queries from Paris, Copenhagen, Tokyo.
美联社回应了来自巴黎、哥本哈根和东京的询问。
The Till case had become a major international news story.
蒂尔案已成为国际重大新闻报道。
Under the glare of the spotlight, white Mississippians began to close ranks.
在聚光灯的照耀下，密西西比白人开始团结起来。
Local stores collected $10,000 in countertop jars for Bryant and Milam.
当地商店为科比和米拉姆收集了价值 10,000 美元的台面罐子。
Every lawyer in the county joined their defense team.
全县的律师都加入了他们的辩护队伍。
William Winter: People of the socioeconomic level of the two defendants in this case were obviously looked down on by the more aristocratic ah, whites almost ah, with the same disdain that they looked down on blacks.
威廉·温特：这个案子的两个被告的社会经济水平的人，明显是被比较贵族啊，白人看不起啊，和他们看不起黑人一样的不屑。
But they were still white folks.
但他们仍然是白人。
And when push came to shove the -- the white community rallied in support of them against a, a, a young black person for whom they had even greater disdain.
当紧要关头到来时，白人社区团结起来支持他们反对一个他们更加鄙视的年轻黑人。
John Herbers, Journalist: The atmosphere among whites in Tallahatchie county and other-- the whole surrounding area was one of absolute scorn at the fact that these men were being put on trial for their lives.
约翰·赫伯斯（John Herbers），记者：塔拉哈奇县和其他地区的白人气氛充满了蔑视，因为这些人因生命受到审判。
And the cynicism ah, was ah, usually cached in very crude jokes.
还有愤世嫉俗啊，是啊，通常隐藏在非常粗俗的笑话中。
One of them was "Isn't that just like a nigger to swim across the Tallahatchie with a gin fan around his neck?"
其中之一是“这不是就像一个黑鬼脖子上挂着一把杜松子酒扇子游过塔拉哈奇河吗？”
Stock Footage, Man on the Street Interviews with whites about trial: White Man: I can't understand how a civilized mother could put a dead body of her child on public display.
影视素材，街头男子关于审判的白人采访：白人：我无法理解一个文明的母亲怎么能将她孩子的尸体公开展示。
White Woman: I'm almost convinced that the very beginning of this was by a communistic front.
白人妇女：我几乎确信这一切的开始是由共产主义阵线发起的。
White Man: Well sir, I'll tell ya' right now, if he gets justice they'll turn him a loose.
白人：好吧，先生，我现在就告诉你，如果他得到正义，他们就会放他走。
If I was on the grand jury that is what I would do.
如果我是大陪审团成员，我就会这么做。
Narrator: Among African Americans, there was outright fear.
旁白：在非裔美国人中，存在着彻底的恐惧。
Too Tight Collins, who worked for J.W.
太紧了柯林斯 (Too Tight Collins)，曾为 J.W.
Milam and had been seen washing blood from Milam's truck, disappeared.
有人看到米拉姆正在清洗米拉姆卡车上的血迹，随后就消失了。
The message to black people was clear: hide what you know; hide even what you think, or face the consequences.
向黑人传达的信息很明确：隐藏你所知道的；甚至隐藏你的想法，否则就要面对后果。
Stock Footage, Man on the Street Interviews with two black men about trial: Interviewer: Young man do you think these two men should be indicted?
影视素材，街头男子就审判采访两名黑人： 采访者：年轻人，你认为这两个人应该被起诉吗？
Black Man: I really don't know sir.
黑人：我真的不知道，先生。
Interviewer: What do you mean you don't know?
采访者：你说你不知道是什么意思？
Black Man: I don't know whether they should or not.
黑人：我不知道他们是否应该这样做。
Interviewer: Have you studied the case by reading the papers perhaps?
采访者：您可能通过阅读报纸来研究这个案例吗？
Black Man: Yes sir.
黑人：是的，先生。
Interviewer: And you don't know whether they should be indicted?
采访者：你不知道他们是否应该被起诉？
Black Man: No sir.
黑人：不，先生。
Interviewer: Thank you very much.
采访者：非常感谢。
Black Man: You're welcome.
黑人：不客气。
Narrator: On September 19th, less than three weeks after Emmett's body was found, Roy Bryant and J.W.
旁白：9 月 19 日，埃米特的尸体被发现后不到三周，罗伊·布莱恩特和 J.W.
Milam's trial for murder opened in Sumner, Mississippi, which touted itself as "a good place to raise a boy." The air in the courtroom, a reporter wrote, was "as heavy and oppressive as the moss that hangs from the cypress trees."
米拉姆谋杀案的审判在密西西比州萨姆纳开庭，该州自称是“抚养男孩的好地方”。一名记者写道，法庭上的空气“就像柏树上挂着的苔藓一样沉重而压抑”。
Mamie Till: In the courtroom they recorded 118 degrees, and, of course, there was no air conditioning.
Mamie Till：法庭上记录的气温为 118 度，当然，没有空调。
Ah, they had the ceiling fans that were only stirring the air up, making it hotter when it reached your body.
啊，他们的吊扇只会搅动空气，让空气到达你的身体时变得更热。
Narrator: On the first day of the trial, presiding judge Curtis Swango named the jury -- all white men from Bryant and Milam's home county.
旁白：审判的第一天，主审法官柯蒂斯·斯万戈任命了陪审团——所有成员都是来自科比和米拉姆家乡的白人。
Betty Pearson: I remember looking at the -- at that jury and even though I knew a good many of the men who were on the jury and, and they looked mean to me.
贝蒂·皮尔森：我记得看着那个陪审团，尽管我认识陪审团中的很多人，而且他们对我来说看起来很刻薄。
I would have hated to have gone up against any of those guys.
我不愿意与这些人中的任何一个对抗。
Narrator: Tallahatchie county sheriff and plantation owner Clarence Strider was responsible for locating witnesses and gathering evidence against Bryant and Milam.
旁白：塔拉哈奇县警长兼种植园主克拉伦斯·斯特赖德负责寻找证人并收集针对科比和米拉姆的证据。
John Herbers, Journalist: Sheriff Strider was a big, fat, plain talking, obscene talking sheriff you would expect to find in the South.
约翰·赫伯斯（John Herbers），记者：斯特赖德警长是一位身材高大、肥胖、说话朴素、说话下流的警长，你会在南方看到这样的警长。
His actions at the trial were more I think, not to so much to say justice, or what was going on, but to be sure that his courtroom was totally segregated.
我认为他在审判中的行为更多地不是为了表达正义或正在发生的事情，而是为了确保他的法庭完全隔离。
Ernest Withers, Photographer: The man had laid it out that "We got 22 seats over here for you white boys.
摄影师欧内斯特·威瑟斯 (Ernest Withers)：该男子表示“我们这里为你们白人男孩准备了 22 个座位。
And we've got four seats over here for you colored boys.
我们这里为你们这些黑人男孩准备了四个座位。
We don't mix 'em down here.
我们这里不把它们混在一起。
We ain't going to mix 'em.
我们不会把它们混合在一起。
And we don't intend to.
我们并不打算这样做。
You ain't goin' to be with the white folks and the white folks ain't goin' to be with you and y'all might be (Unintell.), but ain't gonna be no love nest between black and white folk.
你不会和白人在一起，白人也不会和你在一起，你们可能会（不知道），但黑人和白人之间不会有爱巢。
Narrator: Strider consigned black reporters and Detroit Congressman Charles Diggs to a card table on the sidelines.
旁白：斯特莱德将黑人记者和底特律国会议员查尔斯·迪格斯带到场边的牌桌上。
Strider greeted them as he passed with a cheery "Hello, niggers."
斯特赖德经过他们时，兴致勃勃地向他们打招呼：“哈喽，黑鬼们。”
Stock Footage, Sheriff Strider on NAACP: We never have any trouble until some of our Southern niggers go up North and the NAACP talks to 'em and they come back home.
影视素材，警长斯特赖德关于全国有色人种协进会：我们从来没有遇到过任何麻烦，直到我们的一些南方黑人北上，全国有色人种协进会与他们交谈，然后他们回家。
If they would keep their nose and mouths out of our business we would be able to do more and enforcing the laws of Tallahatchie County and Mississippi.
如果他们不插手我们的事，我们就能做得更多，执行塔拉哈奇县和密西西比州的法律。
John Herbers: The reaction of reporters from out of the South was one of just absolute amazement.
约翰·赫伯斯：来自南方的记者的反应是绝对的惊讶。
They knew that there were strange things going on in places like Sumner, but they did not know it would be quite like that.
他们知道像萨姆纳这样的地方正在发生奇怪的事情，但他们不知道事情会是这样。
They were really surprised at what they found.
他们对自己的发现感到非常惊讶。
At the same time, of course, they wrote about it with great relish because it was a good story.
当然，与此同时，他们也津津有味地写它，因为这是一个好故事。
It had sex, it had murder, it had mystery.
它有性，有谋杀，有神秘。
Narrator: When Mamie Till arrived, she had to make her way through an unsympathetic crowd gathered on the courthouse lawn.
旁白：当玛米·蒂尔到达时，她必须穿过聚集在法院草坪上的毫无同情心的人群。
Stock Footage, Mamie Till Arrives at Trial News Conference: Interviewer: What do you intend to do here today?
影视素材，玛米·蒂尔抵达审判新闻发布会： 采访者：您今天打算在这里做什么？
Mamie: To answer any questions that my, that the attorneys might ask me to answer.
玛米：回答律师可能要求我回答的任何问题。
Interviewer: How do you think you could possibly be a help to them?
采访者：你认为你可以怎样帮助他们？
Mamie: I don't know, just by answering whatever questions that they ask me.
玛米：我不知道，只要回答他们问我的任何问题就可以了。
Interviewer: Do you have any evidence bearing on this case?
采访者：您有与此案相关的证据吗？
Mamie: I do know that this is my son.
玛米：我知道这是我的儿子。
Narrator: Mamie Till testified that the body she'd examined and buried was indeed her son.
旁白：玛米·蒂尔作证说，她检查并埋葬的尸体确实是她的儿子。
In their cross-examination, Bryant and Milam's attorneys peppered her with hostile questions, and then presented the main argument for the defense: The corpse pulled from the Tallahatchie River was not Emmett Till.
在盘问中，科比和米拉姆的律师向她提出了充满敌意的问题，然后提出了辩护的主要论点：从塔拉哈奇河打捞上来的尸体不是埃米特·蒂尔。
Mamie Till: They summed up by saying, "Isn't it true that you and the NAACP got your heads together and you came down here and with their help, you all dug up a body and you have claimed that body to be your son?
玛米·蒂尔：他们总结道：“你和全国有色人种协进会齐心协力，来到这里，在他们的帮助下，挖出了一具尸体，并声称那具尸体是你的儿子，这不是真的吗？
Isn't it true that your son is in Detroit, Michigan with his grandfather right now?"
你的儿子现在不是和他的祖父一起在密歇根州底特律吗？”
Narrator: With Sheriff Strider and courtroom sentiment clearly on the side of the defendants, reporters began their own desperate search for witnesses.
旁白：斯特赖德治安官和法庭情绪明显站在被告一边，记者们开始拼命寻找证人。
Warren Hampton: Black people wasn't speaking out about the Emmett Till Case at that particular time because they knew that it could happen to them.
沃伦·汉普顿：黑人在那个特定时间没有公开谈论埃米特·蒂尔案，因为他们知道这可能发生在他们身上。
The blacks feared for their lives and their family's lives.
黑人担心自己和家人的生命安全。
Because -- those white folks were for real.
因为——那些白人是真实的。
So it was just like you know hush hush you know so I was told to keep my mouth shut and that's what I did.
所以就像你知道嘘嘘你知道一样，所以我被告知要闭嘴，这就是我所做的。
Narrator: Two days into the trial, reporters got a lead on a young sharecropper named Willie Reed who might be willing to talk.
旁白：审判两天后，记者得到了一位名叫威利·里德的年轻佃农的线索，他可能愿意说话。
Willie Reed, Mississippi Resident: And I was in the cotton field and I was pickin', I was pickin' cotton, pickin' cotton, and I looked across the field and there was about seven or eight peoples comin' across the field towards me, was white and black comin' that way.
威利·里德，密西西比州居民：当时我在棉花田里采摘，我采摘棉花，采摘棉花，我向田地对面望去，大约有七八个人穿过田地向我走来，有白人和黑人朝那边走来。
And then they began to question me about this here.
然后他们开始在这里向我询问这件事。
"Did you see anything?" So I told 'em what I saw.
“你看到什么了吗？”所以我告诉他们我所看到的。
Narrator: Putting his life at risk, Willie Reed agreed to step forward.
旁白：威利·里德冒着生命危险，同意挺身而出。
Willie Reed: Well, when you walked in that courtroom and you know what you -- that you're going testify.
威利·里德：嗯，当你走进法庭时，你知道你要作证的是什么。
Then you look at all these white folks and everybody lookin' at you and they've got they frowns on their face and everything.
然后你看看所有这些白人，每个人都看着你，他们的脸上都皱着眉头等等。
You see 'em.
你看到他们了。
They be lookin' at you, rollin' their eyes and lookin' at you.
他们看着你，翻着白眼看着你。
Yeah.
是的。
Whites looking at you.
白人看着你。
(Laughs) It was somethin'.
（笑）这是一些东西。
Narrator: Reed spoke in a voice barely louder than a whisper.
旁白：里德说话的声音仅比耳语大一点。
He'd seen Roy Bryant, J.W.
他见过罗伊·布莱恩特、J.W.
Milam, and one other white man with Emmett Till early that Sunday morning, and had heard the sounds of a beating coming from Milam's shed.
周日早上，米拉姆和另一名白人与埃米特·蒂尔在一起，听到米拉姆的棚子里传来殴打的声音。
After delivering his testimony, Reed was smuggled out of Mississippi.
作证后，里德被偷偷带出密西西比州。
When he reached Chicago, he was hospitalized with a nervous breakdown.
当他到达芝加哥时，他因精神崩溃而住院。
The prosecution's best witness was Moses Wright, who had clearly seen the men who took Emmett Till from his home.
控方最好的证人是摩西·赖特（Moses Wright），他清楚地看到了将埃米特·蒂尔从家中带走的人。
Wright had been in hiding since the night of the kidnapping, and had been threatened with death.
赖特从绑架当晚起就一直躲藏起来，并受到死亡威胁。
But there, in the searing heat of the Delta courtroom, the 64-year old sharecropper had his say.
但在三角洲法庭的灼热气氛中，这位 64 岁的佃农发表了自己的看法。
Ernest Withers: One of the attorneys asked, "Do you know the man that came to your house that night to get Emmett Till out of your house?
欧内斯特·威瑟斯：其中一位律师问道：“你认识那天晚上到你家把埃米特·蒂尔带出你家的那个人吗？
Narrator: Moses Wright stood and pointed first at Roy Bryant, then at J.W.
旁白：摩西·赖特站起来，首先指着罗伊·布莱恩特，然后指着 J.W.
Milam.
米拉姆。
"Thar he," he said.
“那是他，”他说。
Wright later claimed he could feel the blood boil in hundreds of white people in the courtroom.
赖特后来声称，他能感觉到法庭上数百名白人的血液沸腾。
But, he said, "I had decided to tell it like it was."
但是，他说，“我决定如实讲述。”
Moses Newson: That was a dramatic moment.
摩西·纽森：那是一个戏剧性的时刻。
That took an awful lot of courage for him to get up there and do what he did.
他需要很大的勇气才能站起来做他所做的事情。
I think he had decided that he was going to do it no matter what happened.
我认为他已经决定无论发生什么他都会这样做。
Narrator: After he testified, Wright left his cotton blooming in the field, his old car sitting at the station, and slipped onto the train to Chicago.
旁白：赖特作证后，把他的棉花留在地里，他的旧车停在车站，然后溜上开往芝加哥的火车。
He would never again live in Mississippi.
他再也不会住在密西西比州了。
The trial drew to a close after only five days.
仅五天后，审判就结束了。
In his summation, the lead defense attorney warned members of the jury that their ancestors would turn over in their graves if Bryant and Milam were found guilty.
首席辩护律师在总结中警告陪审团成员，如果科比和米拉姆被判有罪，他们的祖先将在坟墓里翻身。
"Every last Anglo-Saxon one of you," he said, "has the courage to free these men."
“你们每一位盎格鲁撒克逊人，”他说，“都有勇气释放这些人。”
Mamie Till: As the jury retired, the black people who were standing around the walls began to ease out of the door.
玛米·蒂尔：随着陪审团退席，站在墙边的黑人开始慢慢走出门。
I said, "It's time for us to go." Congressman Diggs said, "What, and miss the verdict?" I said, "Congressman, this is one verdict you don't want to be present to hear."
我说：“我们该走了。”国会议员迪格斯说：“什么，错过了判决吗？”我说：“国会议员，这是一项你不想在场听到的判决。”
Narrator: : The crowd in the courtroom waited in the heat.
旁白：：法庭上的人群在炎热的天气中等待着。
Reporters overheard members of the jury laughing and joking in the jury room.
记者在陪审室里无意中听到陪审团成员有说有笑。
In just over an hour, the jury returned.
仅仅一个多小时，陪审团就回来了。
Stock Footage, News Anchor Reports Till Verdict tape: In the Emmett Till Murder trial, the all white jury has acquitted the two white defendants accused of killing the 14-year-old Negro youth.
影视素材、新闻主播报道 Till 判决磁带：在 Emmett Till 谋杀案审判中，全白人陪审团宣判被控杀害 14 岁黑人青年的两名白人被告无罪。
The jury foreman said the deciding factor was the states' failure to prove the identity of the body pulled from a river near Sumner Mississippi.
陪审团主席表示，决定性因素是各州未能证明从密西西比州萨姆纳附近的一条河中打捞上来的尸体的身份。
Narrator: A juror later revealed that the jury had stalled to "make it look good." They wouldn't have taken so long to return to the courtroom, he said, "if [they] hadn't stopped to drink pop."
旁白：一名陪审员后来透露，陪审团为了“让它看起来不错”而拖延了时间。他说，“如果他们没有停下来喝汽水，他们就不会花这么长时间回到法庭。”
Mamie Till: The verdict came in "not guilty".
玛米·蒂尔：判决结果是“无罪”。
You could hear guns firing.
你可以听到枪声。
I mean it was almost like a 4th of July celebration, or it was almost as if the White Sox had won the pennant in the city of Chicago.
我的意思是，这几乎就像 7 月 4 日的庆祝活动，或者几乎就像白袜队在芝加哥赢得了锦旗。
It was just it just -- oh, it -- it was a mess.
就是这样——哦，它——真是一团糟。
Narrator: After the trial, sheriff Clarence Strider told reporters, "I hope the Chicago niggers and the NAACP are satisfied."
旁白：审判结束后，警长克拉伦斯·斯特赖德告诉记者，“我希望芝加哥黑鬼和全国有色人种协进会感到满意。”
Clarence Strider Jr.: People are used to doin' thang normal around here.
Clarence Strider Jr.：这里的人们习惯于做一些不正常的事情。
(Laughs) And they just tried to ruin the thing.
（笑）他们只是想毁掉这件事。
They thought they could run over the judge and the sheriff and everybody over there.
他们认为他们可以碾压法官、治安官和那里的每个人。
They thought that they, you know, could just take over, but they didn't.
他们认为他们，你知道，可以接管，但他们没有。
Stock Footage, Interview with Milam & Bryant after the Verdict: Interviewer: How do you folks feel now that it's all over?
影视素材，判决后对米拉姆和布莱恩特的采访： 采访者：现在一切都结束了，你们感觉如何？
Roy, how about you?
罗伊，你呢？
Roy Bryant: I'm just glad it's over with.
罗伊·布莱恩特：我很高兴一切都结束了。
Interviewer: J.W.?
采访者：J.W.？
Milam: I am too.
米拉姆：我也是。
Interviewer: And Mrs. Bryant?
采访者：布莱恩特夫人呢？
Mrs. Bryant: I feel fine.
布莱恩特夫人：我感觉很好。
Interviewer: And how about you Mrs. Milam?
采访者：Milam 女士，您呢？
Mrs. Milam: Fine.
米拉姆夫人：好的。
Narrator: Reports of the acquittal made front page headlines across the United States, and set off an international firestorm.
旁白：无罪释放的报道登上了美国各地的头条新闻，并在国际上掀起了轩然大波。
"The life of a Negro in Mississippi," one European paper observed, "is not worth a whistle." From Boston to Los Angeles, black people packed meeting halls and spilled into the streets to hear Mamie Till tell her story.
一份欧洲报纸评论道：“密西西比州黑人的生活根本不值一提。”从波士顿到洛杉矶，黑人挤满了会议厅，涌上街头聆听玛米·蒂尔讲述她的故事。
Stock Footage, Mamie Comments on Trial Verdict: And what I saw was a shame before God and man.
影视素材，玛米对审判判决的评论：我所看到的是上帝和人类面前的耻辱。
And the way the jury chose to believe the ridiculous stories of the defense attorneys.
以及陪审团选择相信辩护律师的荒谬故事的方式。
I just can't go into detail to tell you the silly things, the stupid things that were brought up as probabilities and they swallowed it like a fish swallows a hook.
我只是无法详细告诉你那些愚蠢的事情，这些愚蠢的事情被当作可能性提出来，然后他们像鱼吞下钩子一样吞下了它。
Just anything, just any excuse to acquit these two men.
任何事，任何借口都可以无罪释放这两个人。
Narrator: Protected from further prosecution, Roy Bryant and J.W.
旁白：罗伊·布莱恩特 (Roy Bryant) 和 J.W.
Milam sold their story to a reporter for Look Magazine for $4,000.
Milam 以 4,000 美元的价格将他们的故事卖给了《Look》杂志的一名记者。
Their account appeared just four months after the acquittal.
他们的账户在无罪释放仅四个月后就出现了。
Milam Bryant Scratch: We took him and we was just gonna whip him, scare some sense into him.
米拉姆·布莱恩特·斯克拉奇：我们抓住了他，我们只是想鞭打他，让他恢复理智。
Back of the house is a tool shed.
房子的后面是一个工具棚。
Two rooms about 12 feet square.
两个房间约12平方英尺。
We walked him in there and took turns smashing him across the head with the .45.
我们带他进去，轮流用 0.45 手枪猛击他的头部。
First my brother, then me, then him, then me.
首先是我的兄弟，然后是我，然后是他，然后是我。
We put him back in the truck.
我们把他放回卡车里。
We knew what we was going to do.
我们知道我们要做什么。
There's a spot about a mile and a half from the bridge where the banks are steep.
距离桥大约一英里半的地方，河岸很陡。
It was just the spot.
这只是一个地方。
I held up the gun.
我举起了枪。
I fired and the Chicago boy twisted around and caught it right in his ear.
我开枪了，芝加哥男孩转过身来，子弹正对着他的耳朵。
We tied the gin fan to his neck with barbed wire and rolled his body into 20 feet of muddy water.
我们用铁丝网将杜松子酒风扇绑在他的脖子上，然后将他的尸体滚入20英尺深的泥水中。
For three hours that morning we had a big old fire in the yard.
那天早上，我们在院子里生了一堆大火，持续了三个小时。
Damn if that nigger didn't have crepe sole shoes.
如果那个黑鬼没有绉底鞋该死。
You know how hard they are to burn?
你知道它们有多难烧吗？
Narrator: If there were others involved, as Willie Reed and Moses Wright had testified under oath, Milam and Bryant did not name them.
旁白：如果还有其他人参与其中，正如威利·里德和摩西·赖特宣誓作证的那样，米拉姆和布莱恩特没有透露他们的名字。
Mamie Till went to Washington to press the Federal Government to re-open the case.
玛米·蒂尔前往华盛顿敦促联邦政府重新审理此案。
Despite thousands of letters protesting Mississippi's handling of the murder, President Dwight Eisenhower and FBI Director J.
尽管有数千封信抗议密西西比州对谋杀案的处理，德怀特·艾森豪威尔总统和联邦调查局局长 J.
Edgar Hoover ruled out a federal investigation.
埃德加·胡佛排除了联邦调查的可能性。
Eisenhower didn't even answer Mamie Till's telegram.
艾森豪威尔甚至没有回复玛米·蒂尔的电报。
No one ever did time for the killing of the 14 year-old black boy from Chicago.
没有人因杀害一名来自芝加哥的 14 岁黑人男孩而逍遥法外。
But his murder, and the trial and acquittal of his killers, sent a powerful message: If change was going to come, people would have to put themselves on the line.
但他的谋杀，以及凶手的审判和无罪释放，发出了一个强有力的信息：如果变革要到来，人们就必须冒着风险。
Contributors to Civil Rights groups soared.
民权团体的贡献者猛增。
And 100 days after the death of Emmett Till, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white person, and the Montgomery bus boycott began.
埃米特·蒂尔去世 100 天后，罗莎·帕克斯拒绝将座位让给白人，蒙哥马利公交车抵制活动开始了。
Mamie Till: When people saw what had happened to my son, men stood up who had never stood up before.
玛米·蒂尔：当人们看到发生在我儿子身上的事情时，以前从未站起来的人们站了起来。
People became vocal who had never vocalized before.
以前从未发声的人们开始发声。
Emmett's death was the opening of the Civil Rights movement.
埃米特的死开启了民权运动。
He was the sacrificial lamb of the movement.
他是这场运动的牺牲品。
Betty Pearson: : I do believe that nationally, or at least across the South, the Emmett Till trial and the result of that trial somehow spurred the Civil Rights Movement.
贝蒂·皮尔森：我确实相信，在全国范围内，或者至少在整个南方，埃米特·蒂尔案的审判以及该审判的结果在某种程度上刺激了民权运动。
As if this was either the last straw or maybe it was the spark.
就好像这要么是最后一根稻草，要么就是火花。
Moses Newson: People were thoroughly disgusted at what happened in that situation.
摩西·纽森：人们对那种情况所发生的事情感到非常厌恶。
And it made an awful lot of people realize that they themselves had to get involved and do something.
这让很多人意识到他们自己必须参与进来并做点什么。
It was just a magnificent reaction to a very ugly thing that had taken place in this country.
这只是对这个国家发生的一件非常丑陋的事情的强烈反应。
Card: After the trial, black customers boycotted Bryant's store, forcing it out of business.
卡：审判结束后，黑人顾客抵制科比的商店，迫使其停业。
J.W.
J.W.
Milam and Roy Bryant never faced additional charges connected with the murder.
米拉姆和罗伊·布莱恩特从未面临与谋杀有关的额外指控。
Card: Mamie Till returned to Chicago, remarried, taught public school for 24 years, and continued to speak publicly about her son's murder.
卡德：玛米·蒂尔回到芝加哥，再婚，在公立学校任教 24 年，并继续公开谈论她儿子被谋杀的事情。
She died on January 6, 2003 at the age of 81.
她于2003年1月6日去世，享年81岁。
With the words "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal," the Supreme Court reversed legalized segregation.
最高法院以“分开的教育设施本质上是不平等的”这句话推翻了合法化的种族隔离。
Moses Wright's testimony in the trial of his great-nephew's killers stands as one of the bravest moments in American history.
摩西·赖特在审判杀害他侄孙的凶手时的证词是美国历史上最勇敢的时刻之一。
Historian, public speaker and author Danielle McGuire PhD and journalism professor and author Allissa Richardson speak with the Gen-Z historian Kahlil Greene about the role of the media in shaping public perception around the murders of Black Americans.
历史学家、公共演说家和作家 Danielle McGuire 博士、新闻学教授和作家 Allissa Richardson 与 Z 世代历史学家 Kahlil Greene 讨论了媒体在塑造公众对美国黑人谋杀案的看法方面的作用。
The photos of Emmett Till's mutilated body stunned the nation.
埃米特·蒂尔残缺不全的尸体的照片震惊了全国。
"When people saw what had happened to my son, men stood up who had never stood up before."
“当人们看到发生在我儿子身上的事情时，以前从未站起来的人们站了起来。”
In 1955, Mamie Till was unwillingly thrust into American history by her son's murder.
1955 年，玛米·蒂尔因儿子被谋杀而不情愿地被载入美国历史。
Meet the boy whose murder ignited a movement.
来认识一下这个男孩，他的谋杀引发了一场运动。
The murder trial of Roy Bryant and his half-brother J.W.
罗伊·布莱恩特 (Roy Bryant) 及其同父异母兄弟 J.W. 谋杀案的审判
Milam laid bare the racism that ruled Mississippi.
米拉姆揭露了统治密西西比州的种族主义。
Emmett Till's body is taken to Chicago's Roberts Temple Church of God for viewing and funeral services.
埃米特·蒂尔的遗体被送往芝加哥罗伯茨圣殿上帝教堂瞻仰并举行葬礼。
Emmett's mother decides to have an open casket funeral.
埃米特的母亲决定举办一场开棺葬礼。
No one served time for the 1955 murder of Emmett Till.
1955 年埃米特·蒂尔谋杀案无人入狱。
But history holds these three accountable.
但历史让这三人负有责任。
Mamie Till's decision to hold an open-casket funeral would make her son's death a touchstone for a generation.
玛米·蒂尔决定举行开棺葬礼，这将使她儿子的死亡成为一代人的试金石。
A Mississippi sheriff becomes a symbol of southern intransigence in the Emmett Till case.
在埃米特·蒂尔案中，密西西比州警长成为南方不妥协的象征。