Meltdown at Three Mile Island
Hello, I'm David McCullough.
你好，我是大卫·麦卡洛。
Welcome to The American Experience.
欢迎来到美国体验。
Fear of powerful forces let loose by amazing machines and amazing science is an old story in American life, from as far back as the days of steam.
对令人惊叹的机器和令人惊叹的科学所释放的强大力量的恐惧是美国人生活中的一个老故事，早在蒸汽时代就开始了。
You remember the scene in Huckleberry Finn.
你还记得《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中的场景。
It's night on a river and suddenly a steam boat bursts out of the dark and the fog, bearing down on Huck and Jim on their raft.
河上的夜晚，突然一艘蒸汽船从黑暗和浓雾中冲出来，向木筏上的哈克和吉姆冲来。
"...and all of a sudden she bulged out, big and scary, with a long row of wide open furnace doors shining like red-hot teeth, and her monstrous bows and guards hanging right over us.
“……突然间，她突然膨胀起来，又大又吓人，一长排敞开的炉门像炽热的牙齿一样闪闪发光，她巨大的弓和守卫就挂在我们头顶上。
There was a yell at us, and a jingling of bells to stop the engines, a pow-wow of cussing, and whistling steam -- and as Jim went overboard on one side, and I on the other, she came smashing straight through the raft." Our film is about another moment of terror on another American river, in our own atomic age.
有人对我们大喊大叫，还有叮叮当当的铃声让引擎停下来，还有一阵咒骂声和呼啸的蒸汽——当吉姆在一侧落水，我在另一侧时，她直接冲破了木筏。”我们的电影讲述的是我们原子时代另一条美国河流上的另一个恐怖时刻。
The year was 1979.
那一年是 1979 年。
Yet here again were furnaces "big and scary," but they were nuclear.
然而这里又出现了“又大又可怕”的熔炉，但它们是核熔炉。
And again there was a very big "pow-wow of cussing," but this time among citizens, scientists, and officials.
再次出现了一场非常大的“咒骂声”，但这一次是在公民、科学家和官员之间。
This was reality, of course.
当然，这是现实。
And as word spread, the terror was felt everywhere.
随着消息传开，到处都感受到了恐惧。
Even after so many years, the thought of what could have happened is enough to stop the heart.
即使已经过去了这么多年，一想到可能发生的事情就足以让心脏停止跳动。
Many of us remember where and when we heard the first bulletins from Three Mile Island.
我们中的许多人都记得在何时何地听到来自三哩岛的第一个公告。
Though far away, I felt particularly connected.
虽然距离很远，但我感觉特别有联系。
Our oldest son was in college in Pennsylvania, less than a hundred miles down-wind from the site.
我们的大儿子在宾夕法尼亚州上大学，距离现场顺风不到一百英里。
And the governor of the state, Dick Thornburgh, was an old friend from boyhood.
该州州长迪克·索恩伯格 (Dick Thornburgh) 是我儿时的老朋友。
I tried to imagine what it was like for him, with all those lives at stake.
我试着想象他的处境，所有这些人的生命都处于危险之中。
Meltdown at Three Mile Island...
三哩岛的熔毁...
It was built on a sandbar called Three Mile Island, in the middle of Pennsylvania's Susquehanna River, just 10 miles downstream from the state capitol of Harrisburg.
它建在宾夕法尼亚州萨斯奎哈纳河中部一个名为三英里岛的沙洲上，距离哈里斯堡州议会大厦下游仅 10 英里。
The plant's state-of-the-art Unit-2 reactor had been generating electricity for nearly a year.
该核电站最先进的 2 号反应堆已经发电近一年了。
Mike Pintek, Reporter Three Mile Island was something you would go to the river and would say wow, look at that power plant, look at those big steam towers.
Mike Pintek，记者 三英里岛是一个你走到河边就会说哇，看看那个发电厂，看看那些大型蒸汽塔的地方。
I was jut amazed, wide-eyed, looking at the thing and it was just kind of neat -- it was high technology and this was going to be power that was too cheap to meter.
我很惊讶，睁大了眼睛，看着这个东西，它有点整洁——它是高科技，而且这将是一种太便宜而无法计量的电力。
People in the communities surrounding the plant had grown accustomed to the giant concrete fortress.
工厂周围社区的人们已经习惯了这座巨大的混凝土堡垒。
For them, Wednesday, March 28, 1979 began like any other day.
对他们来说，1979 年 3 月 28 日星期三就像其他任何一天一样开始。
They didn't yet know that events leading to the worst nuclear accident in American history had already been set in motion.
他们还不知道导致美国历史上最严重核事故的事件已经开始。
It started in the pre-dawn hours with a simple plumbing breakdown.
事情是从黎明前的几个小时开始的，起因是一次简单的管道故障。
Then a small valve opened to relieve pressure in the reactor.
然后打开一个小阀门以释放反应器中的压力。
But unknown to the plant operators, it malfunctioned and failed to close.
但工厂经营者不知道的是，它发生了故障，未能关闭。
This in turn caused cooling water to drain from the open valve.
这反过来又导致冷却水从打开的阀门中排出。
The nuclear core began to overheat.
核芯开始过热。
Technical failures were then compounded by human error.
技术故障又因人为错误而变得更加复杂。
Confronted by baffling and contradictory readings, the operators shut off the emergency water system that would have cooled the core.
面对令人困惑和矛盾的读数，操作员关闭了本可以冷却堆芯的应急供水系统。
Mike Gray, Writer If the operators had not intervened in that accident at Three Mile Island and shut off the pumps, the plant would have saved itself.
迈克·格雷（Mike Gray），作家 如果操作员没有介入三哩岛的那次事故并关闭水泵，工厂就能自救。
They had thought of absolutely everything except what would happen if the operators intervened anyway.
他们绝对考虑到了一切，除了如果操作员干预会发生什么。
Mike Gray So the operators thought they were saving the plant by cutting off the emergency water when, in fact, they had just sealed its fate.
迈克·格雷（Mike Gray） 因此，操作人员以为他们通过切断紧急用水来拯救工厂，而事实上，他们刚刚决定了工厂的命运。
Within minutes, the control room console went wild.
几分钟之内，控制室控制台就变得疯狂。
Hundreds of lights started flashing, accompanied by piercing horns and sirens.
数百盏灯开始闪烁，伴随着刺耳的喇叭声和警报声。
One operator recalled that the console was "lit up like a Christmas tree." Jim Higgins, Nuclear Regulatory Commission There was such an avalanche of alarms that the operators couldn't really address any of those on a real time basis.
一位操作员回忆说，控制台“像圣诞树一样亮起来”。吉姆·希金斯（Jim Higgins），核管理委员会 警报如此多，以至于操作员无法真正实时处理其中的任何一个。
They were just catching up and trying to -- trying to prioritize and handle the most important ones and do what they could.
他们只是在追赶并努力——尝试优先考虑并处理最重要的事情，并尽其所能。
Bob Long, Supervising Engineer There was so much data being dumped to the computer and the process was so slow in getting it analyzed and printed out, that when they'd go to look for data from their computer print-out, it wasn't there until an hour-and-a-half later.
Bob Long，主管工程师 大量数据被转储到计算机中，而分析和打印数据的过程又非常缓慢，以至于当他们从计算机打印输出中查找数据时，直到一个半小时后才出现。
By early morning, the exposed part of the core was beginning to cook.
到了清晨，核心裸露的部分开始煮。
Temperatures in the reactor were already reaching 4,300 degrees.
反应堆内的温度已经达到 4,300 度。
At 5,200 degrees -- meltdown -- a scenario called the "China Syndrome".
在 5,200 度的温度下——熔毁——这种情况被称为“中国综合症”。
Mike Gray, Writer The core could have turned into a molten white-hot mass, could have gone through the concrete base of the plant and into ground water which is immediately below the foundation of the plant, could have fractured the earth instantly in all directions and geysers of radioactive steam would have spouted, ah, into the air, ah, through the parking lots and a cloud of death would have wafted north over the City of Harrisburg.
迈克·格雷，作家 核心可能会变成熔化的白热物质，可能会穿过核电站的混凝土底座，进入核电站地基正下方的地下水，可能会立即使地球向各个方向破裂，放射性蒸汽的间歇泉会喷涌到空中，啊，穿过停车场，死亡云会向北飘到哈里斯堡市上空。
Operators remained convinced that the core was covered and safe.
操作员仍然坚信核心已被覆盖且安全。
No one in the control room could see that Three Mile Island was hurtling toward meltdown.
控制室里没有人看到三哩岛正在崩溃。
Bob Long, Supervising Engineer Most of us who had spent our lives in this business didn't believe that could happen.
Bob Long，主管工程师 我们大多数在这个行业度过一生的人都不相信这种情况会发生。
We had a mindset that said we had these marvelous safety systems which had back-ups of back-ups......
我们有一种心态，认为我们拥有这些奇妙的安全系统，并且有备份......
So there was that mindset that I think made it hard for people to really come to grips with the reality that severe damage had occurred.
因此，我认为这种心态让人们很难真正认识到已经发生了严重损害的现实。
As the operators struggled to make sense of the accident, workers throughout the plant flocked to the control room.
当操作员努力弄清楚事故的原因时，整个工厂的工人都涌向控制室。
Mike Gray, Writer By 6:15 the control room must of had 50-60 people in it and more arriving every moment.
迈克·格雷 (Mike Gray)，作家 到 6 点 15 分，控制室里肯定已经有 50-60 人，而且每时每刻都有更多人到达。
Then they get the alarm "Radiation in the control room." Well, that's got to be a heart stopper.
然后他们收到警报“控制室有辐射”。嗯，这一定是一个令人心碎的东西。
Contaminated water from the open valve had leaked into an adjoining building and was releasing radioactive gases throughout the plant.
打开阀门的污水泄漏到邻近的建筑物中，并在整个工厂释放放射性气体。
With radiation threatening to escape to surrounding communities, Supervisor Gary Miller declared the first "general emergency" ever to arise at a nuclear power plant in the United States.
由于辐射威胁到周围社区，主管加里·米勒宣布美国核电站出现首次“全面紧急状态”。
The operators, grabbing their respirators, would remain at the helm of the runaway reactor.
操作员们会拿起呼吸器，继续掌控失控的反应堆。
The radiation level inside the containment dome was reading 10,000 rems per hour -- a dose so high, only minutes of exposure would prove fatal.
安全壳圆顶内的辐射水平为每小时 10,000 雷姆——剂量如此之高，只要暴露几分钟就会致命。
For four hours, Three Mile Island had smoldered in silence.
四个小时以来，三哩岛一直处于沉寂之中。
Shortly after 8:00 A.M., a local radio station began picking up the first hints of trouble.
上午 8:00 过后不久，当地一家广播电台开始发现第一批出现麻烦的迹象。
Mike Pintek Reporter We first learned that something was wrong at Three Mile Island because our traffic reporter, he's out driving around, and he says, "You know, I'm getting things up on the scanners here, he said, are you picking this up?
迈克·平特克记者 我们第一次得知三哩岛出了问题是因为我们的交通记者，他开车出去四处转转，他说：“你知道，我正在用扫描仪来处理这里的情况，他说，你注意到了吗？
I said, I don't know what you're talking about.
我说，我不知道你在说什么。
And he said, well, apparently they've mobilizing some fire equipment and emergency people at Three Mile Island.
他说，嗯，显然他们已经在三哩岛调动了一些消防设备和应急人员。
And he said, oh by the way, there's no steam coming out of the cooling towers.
他说，哦，顺便说一下，冷却塔没有蒸汽出来。
So now I'm thinking, hmm, something's really weird going on there....
所以现在我在想，嗯，那里发生了一些非常奇怪的事情......
I called Three Mile Island o/c and the receptionist had been so harried that morning that she didn't know, she didn't listen to me.
我给三哩岛的 o/c 打电话，接待员那天早上非常忙碌，她不知道，她没有听我的话。
She just put me through to the control room.
她刚刚把我接通到控制室。
Now I hear all this commotion behind it, you know, in the background, there's a guy on the line I tell him who I am, and I ask him, is there fire equipment there?
现在我听到了背后的所有骚动，你知道，在背景中，有一个人在打电话，我告诉他我是谁，然后我问他，那里有消防设备吗？
And he says, I can't talk now, we've got a problem.
他说，我现在不能说话，我们遇到了问题。
And boy, (Laughs), did they ever have a problem.
天哪，（笑）他们有没有遇到过问题。
RADIO BROADCAST: Announcer: "Okay, we have this news bulletin that we're gonna get on right now.
广播：播音员：“好的，我们现在要播放这个新闻公告。
Here's Mike Pintek." Pintek: "Okay, thank you Jim."..."There is a general emergency at Metropolitan Edison Company's Three Mile Island nuclear power plant.
这是迈克·平泰克（Mike Pintek）。” 平泰克：“好的，谢谢吉姆。”...“大都会爱迪生公司的三哩岛核电站发生了一般紧急情况。
A utility spokesman says there was a problem with a feedwater pump this morning..." As word of the accident slowly leaked to the outside world, the Governor of Pennsylvania, Dick Thornburgh, learned the news from his aides.
一位公用事业公司发言人表示，今天早上给水泵出现了问题……”随着事故的消息慢慢传到外界，宾夕法尼亚州州长迪克·索恩伯格从助手那里得知了这一消息。
Dick Thornburgh Governor The minute I heard that there had been an accident at a nuclear facility, I knew we were in another dimension.
迪克·桑伯格 (Dick Thornburgh) 州长 当我听说核设施发生事故的那一刻，我就知道我们身处另一个维度。
Thornburgh immediately turned to Lieutenant Governor William Scranton III, chair of the state's emergency council.
桑伯格立即求助于该州紧急委员会主席、副州长威廉·斯克兰顿三世。
William Scranton, Lt.
威廉·斯克兰顿中尉
Governor There had never been anything like this....
州长从来没有发生过这样的事情......
it wasn't something you could see or feel or taste or touch.
它不是你能看到、感觉到、尝到或触摸到的东西。
We were talking about radiation, which generated an enormous amount of fear.
我们正在谈论辐射，这引起了巨大的恐惧。
Three Mile Island's parent company, Metropolitan Edison or MET ED, told Scranton that no radiation had been detected off plant grounds.
三哩岛的母公司大都会爱迪生公司或 MET ED 告诉斯克兰顿，在工厂外没有检测到辐射。
SCRANTON PRESS CONFERENCE: "The Metropolitan Edison Company has informed us that there has been an incident at Three Mile Island Unit number two.
斯克兰顿新闻发布会：“大都会爱迪生公司通知我们，三哩岛二号机组发生了一起事件。
Everything is under control.
一切都在掌控之中。
There is and was no danger to public health and safety." In his first statement to the press, the Lieutenant Governor confidently reiterated MET ED's assurances.
对公众健康和安全现在和过去都不存在威胁。”在向新闻界发表的第一份声明中，副州长自信地重申了 MET ED 的保证。
He would soon learn that his confidence had been misplaced.
他很快就会发现他的信心放错了地方。
William Scranton What I had said in the morning was, "There has been no significant offsite release," only to find out moments later that, in fact, there had been an offsite release...
威廉·斯克兰顿（William Scranton）我早上说的是，“没有重大的场外发布”，但过了一会儿才发现，事实上，有一个场外发布......
and the indignation that welled up within me in was memorable.
我内心涌起的愤慨令人难忘。
I still haven't gotten over that.
我还没有克服这一点。
It was at that point that I realized that we could not rely on Metropolitan Edison for the kind of information we needed to make decisions.
就在那时，我意识到我们不能依赖大都会爱迪生公司来获取我们做出决策所需的信息。
Early that afternoon, the national press began converging at Three Mile Island's Observation Center.
那天下午早些时候，全国媒体开始聚集在三哩岛的观察中心。
MET ED had never faced a public relations crisis like this.
MET ED 从未面临过这样的公关危机。
Unprepared for the media onslaught, they chose Jack Herbein, an engineer with no prior press experience, as their spokesman.
他们对媒体的攻击毫无准备，选择了没有新闻经验的工程师杰克·赫宾（Jack Herbein）作为发言人。
HERBEIN PRESS CONFERENCE "The question was why didn't we notify the people.
赫宾新闻发布会“问题是我们为什么不通知人们。
The accide--, the incident occurred uh, this morning around 4 o'clock.
事故——,事件发生在呃,今天早上四点左右。
The safety systems functioned as they should have...." Gene Schenck, Reporter In the first press conference, they were playing down the importance of what had happened in the plant.
安全系统发挥了应有的作用......” 记者 Gene Schenck 在第一次新闻发布会上，他们淡化了工厂发生事件的重要性。
It was an incident, there was a problem, a valve leaked, the plant overheated, they had to shut the plant down and they were going to clean it up.
这是一次事故，出现了问题，阀门泄漏，工厂过热，他们不得不关闭工厂并进行清理。
HERBEIN PRESS CONFERENCE "Things are falling off right now as I've indicated.
赫宾新闻发布会 “正如我所指出的，现在情况正在恶化。
The coolant injection systems are functioning properly.
冷却液喷射系统运行正常。
And we expect soon to be in the cold shutdown condition." (Press asks questions....) Gene Schenck If you had gone home from that first press conference, you would have presumed that the problem would have been cleaned up overnight.
我们预计很快就会进入冷关机状态。”（媒体提问……）吉恩·申克（Gene Schenck） 如果您从第一次新闻发布会回家，您会认为问题会在一夜之间得到解决。
I mean, that's the impression they gave us.
我的意思是，这就是他们给我们的印象。
Robert Reid Mayor I didn't buy it and there were quite a few other people that didn't buy it.
罗伯特·里德市长 我不买账，还有很多人不买账。
Radiation releases were of grave concern for Mayor Robert Reid.
辐射释放是市长罗伯特·里德（Robert Reid）严重关注的问题。
His community of Middletown lay just up river from Three Mile Island.
他所在的米德尔敦社区位于三英里岛的河上游。
Robert Reid I remember a man by the name of Herbein.
罗伯特·里德 我记得一个叫赫宾的人。
And when I asked him about the release and the time of the accident, he more or less looked at if from the standpoint of, "Mayor, you don't know anything about nuclear energy.
当我问他有关释放和事故发生的时间时，他或多或少是从这样的角度来看的：“市长，您对核能一无所知。
I'm the expert." ROBERT REID PRESS INTERVIEW Reporter: "How dangerous did the power company tell you the situation was?" Reid: "Well, I talked to a representative from the company and he assured me there was really nothing to be concernd about." Reporter: "Are you satisfied with that answer?
我是专家。” 罗伯特·里德新闻采访 记者：“电力公司告诉你情况有多危险？” 里德：“嗯，我和公司的代表谈过，他向我保证没有什么可担心的。” 记者：“你对这个答案满意吗？
Or do you want some answers?" Reid: "I think we will get better answers." Robert Reid I was angry from that Wednesday -- ah, in fact, I'm still angry.
或者你想要一些答案吗？” 里德：“我想我们会得到更好的答案。” 罗伯特·里德 我从那个星期三开始就很生气——啊，事实上，我仍然很生气。
I just -- I was just upset with the way things were being handled and the way we were lied to.
我只是——我只是对事情的处理方式和我们被欺骗的方式感到不安。
That same day, the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission set up an emergency center in Bethesda, Maryland, to monitor the accident.
同一天，联邦核管理委员会在马里兰州贝塞斯达设立了一个紧急中心来监测事故。
The NRC also dispatched several inspectors to Three Mile Island.
NRC 还派遣了几名检查员前往三哩岛。
Jim Higgins NRC Inspector As we were walking through the turbine building, which was basically like a ghost town, there was nobody around, we saw these two other people from the plant wearing their anti-contamination radiation suits, and they also had their respirator masks on also.
吉姆·希金斯 (Jim Higgins) NRC 检查员 当我们穿过涡轮机大楼时，那里基本上就像一座鬼城，周围没有人，我们看到工厂的另外两个人穿着防污染辐射服，还戴着呼吸面罩。
This is very abnormal because this is an area of the plant that normally is not contaminated, and that you wouldn't need these.
这是非常不正常的，因为这是工厂通常未受污染的区域，并且您不需要这些。
And it gave the impression like, there is something very wrong here.
它给人的印象是，这里有一些非常错误的东西。
As the NRC inspectors entered the control room, they were shocked by what they saw.
当 NRC 检查员进入控制室时，他们被眼前的景象震惊了。
Jim Higgins Everybody in the control room was in respirators.
吉姆·希金斯（Jim Higgins）控制室里的每个人都戴着呼吸器。
And so the communications between the operators and their supervisors and them and us and anybody that you had to talk to on the phone was all pretty difficult because of wearing the respirators.
因此，由于佩戴了呼吸器，操作员和他们的主管、他们、我们以及任何你必须通过电话交谈的人之间的沟通都非常困难。
Mike Gray Writer Everybody was talking through airhoses because they all had air breathing masks on and so when they would go to the telephones they were (Imitating a Muffled Voice) talking to Washington trying to tell 'em what's going on.
迈克·格雷 作家 每个人都通过气管交谈，因为他们都戴着呼吸面罩，所以当他们打电话时，他们正在（模仿低沉的声音）与华盛顿交谈，试图告诉他们发生了什么事。
Jim Higgins And I know there were a couple of times when I just took my respirator off and talked real quickly in the phone and put it back on and said, "Okay, well, let's do it as quickly as I can," but we -- we just had to try to get the information through.
吉姆·希金斯：我知道有几次，我摘下呼吸器，在电话里快速交谈，然后又戴上，说：“好吧，好吧，让我们尽快完成，”但我们——我们只是必须尽力传达信息。
There was no direct line between the control room and the Emergency Center in Bethesda.
控制室和贝塞斯达急救中心之间没有直接线路。
Only two regular telephone lines that were continually tied up.
只有两条经常被占用的普通电话线。
NRC AUDIO TAPES: "This is an emergency operator, a national emergency." "I'm sorry I have no circuits, I can't dial the number." "Can you preempt somebody?" Anyone calling into the control room heard only busy signals.
NRC 录音带：“这是紧急操作员，全国紧急情况。” “抱歉，我没有线路，无法拨打这个号码。” “你能抢先一步吗？”任何打电话到控制室的人都只能听到忙音。
For five hours, Babcock & Wilcox, the designers of the reactor, tried to reach the operators from their headquarters in Virginia.
反应堆的设计者巴布科克和威尔科克斯花了五个小时试图联系位于弗吉尼亚州总部的操作员。
Mike Gray The designers of the plant down in Lynchburg could not get through under any circumstances.
迈克·格雷 林奇堡工厂的设计师在任何情况下都无法接通。
And they had to relay all the information through a regional NRC office in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania to the Unit One, which is north of the accident, and then a runner would run over to Unit Two and read the gauge and run back and report this so the people down here are getting fourth hand information which is largely incorrect.
他们必须通过位于宾夕法尼亚州普鲁士国王的 NRC 地区办事处将所有信息转发给事故发生地以北的一号机组，然后一名跑步者跑到二号机组读取仪表并跑回来报告这一情况，这样这里的人们就得到了第四手信息，但这些信息基本上是不正确的。
And certainly incomplete, and they're passing back advice which doesn't make it all the way.
当然也是不完整的，他们传回的建议并没有完全实现。
Finally Wednesday evening, an urgent message from Babcock & Wilcox got through to the control room -- get water moving through the core.
最后，周三晚上，控制室收到了来自 Babcock & Wilcox 的紧急消息——让水流过核心。
As soon as the operators restarted the pumps, temperature and pressure in the reactor dropped and stabilized.
一旦操作员重新启动泵，反应器中的温度和压力就会下降并稳定下来。
Sixteen hours after it had begun, it appeared the accident was over.
事故发生十六小时后，事故似乎已经结束。
WALTER CRONKITE: It was the first step in a nuclear nightmare -- as far as we know at this hour, no worse than that.
沃尔特·克朗凯特：这是核噩梦的第一步——据我们目前所知，没有比这更糟糕的了。
On national television, viewers were assured the situation was under control.
国家电视台向观众保证局势已得到控制。
WALTER CRONKITE: ...is probably the worst nuclear reactor accident to date.
沃尔特·克朗凯特：……这可能是迄今为止最严重的核反应堆事故。
There was no apparent serious contamination of workers....
工人没有明显受到严重污染......
In Washington, President Jimmy Carter was watching events closely.
在华盛顿，吉米·卡特总统正在密切关注事态发展。
A trained nuclear engineer, he knew what could happen if there was damage to the core.
作为一名训练有素的核工程师，他知道如果核心损坏会发生什么。
12/14/98 ACT II
12/14/98 第二幕
On Thursday morning, the day after the accident, the chairman of the NRC, Joseph Hendrie, was summoned before the House Subcommittee on Energy.
星期四早上，也就是事故发生后的第二天，美国核研究委员会主席约瑟夫·亨德里 (Joseph Hendrie) 被众议院能源小组委员会传唤。
HENDRIE TESTIFIES BEFORE CONGRESS Congressman Weaver: "You responded to a question asking how close the water came to the top of the rods, with this statement, 'I don't know how close the water was to the top of the rods.' If you don't know, then how can you say whether or not we were close to a core meltdown." Hendrie: "I guess based on just an assortment of aspects of this incident that I'd say we were nowhere near it, in my judgement." Harold Denton, NRC Oficial ...
亨德里在国会前作证 韦弗议员说：“你回答了一个问题，即水离杆顶部有多近，你的说法是，‘我不知道水离杆顶部有多近。’”如果你不知道，那么你怎么能说我们是否已经接近堆芯熔毁呢？” 亨德里：“我想，根据这起事件的各个方面，我认为，根据我的判断，我们距离它还很遥远。” 哈罗德·丹顿 (Harold Denton)，NRC 官员...
v/o within the NRC ..
NRC 内的 v/o ..
no one really thought .....
没有人真正想到......
o/c that you could have a core melt-down.
o/c 你可能会发生核心熔毁。
I mean it was just -- it was more maybe the Titanic sort of mentality that this plant was so well designed that, ah, you couldn't possibly have a serious core damage.
我的意思是，这更像是泰坦尼克号的心态，这个工厂设计得如此之好，啊，你不可能有严重的核心损坏。
The accident occurred at a time when a growing number of Americans questioned the safety of nuclear power.
此次事故发生之际，越来越多的美国人质疑核电的安全性。
Gene Schenck Reporter there was a perception that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission was in bed with plant operators, not just this plant, but all plant operators.
Gene Schenck 记者 有一种看法认为，核管理委员会与核电站运营商（不只是这家核电站，而是所有核电站运营商）都有关系。
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission wasn't a regulatory commission, it was a promotion, it should have been called the Nuclear Promotional Agency.
核管理委员会不是监管委员会，而是促进机构，应该叫核促进机构。
The economic turmoil of the 1970's had transformed the nuclear industry.
20 世纪 70 年代的经济动荡改变了核工业。
Oil shortages had raised prices from three dollars a barrel in 1972 to 30 dollars a barrel by 1979.
石油短缺导致价格从 1972 年的每桶 3 美元上涨到 1979 年的每桶 30 美元。
Enticed by the prospect of cheap energy, utility companies ordered scores of nuclear power plants.
受到廉价能源前景的吸引，公用事业公司订购了数十座核电站。
Harold Denton NRC Official We had no control over the number of plants that came in the door.
Harold Denton NRC 官员 我们无法控制送进来的植物数量。
I mean we were just like your driver's license bureau and there are people lined up at your desk waiting for an eye exam and -- and a driver's test.
我的意思是，我们就像你们的驾驶执照局一样，有人在你们的办公桌前排队等待视力检查和驾驶考试。
Harold Denton And we used to talk about inviting people in off the street to see if they didn't want to come work (Laughs) for the NRC, because we really had more work than we could handle.
哈罗德·丹顿（Harold Denton）：我们曾经谈论过邀请人们到街上看看他们是否不想来 NRC 工作（笑），因为我们的工作量确实超出了我们的处理能力。
And we'd review a power plant maybe with 10 to 12 man-years of effort.
我们可能需要 10 到 12 人年的努力来审查一座发电厂。
And you've got to remember it takes thousands of man-years of effort to design a power plant.
你必须记住，设计一座发电厂需要数千人年的努力。
So we were putting in an extremely small audit.
所以我们进行了一次非常小的审计。
Mike Gray, Writer They scaled this thing up from the hundred-megawatt demonstration plants, the sort of laboratory proof of concept nuclear power plants, to these thousand-megawatt super plants like Zion and Dresden and, ah -- and Three Mile Island without anything in between.
迈克·格雷（Mike Gray），作家 他们将这个项目从百兆瓦示范电厂（一种实验室概念验证核电厂）扩大到像锡安和德累斯顿这样的千兆瓦超级电厂，啊——还有三英里岛，没有任何介于两者之间的东西。
These monster plants were something that they did not understand clearly.
这些妖草，都是他们不太了解的东西。
The valve that failed at Three Mile Island had malfunctioned eleven times before at other nuclear plants.
三哩岛发生故障的阀门此前在其他核电站也曾发生过十一次故障。
But neither the designer of the reactor nor the NRC had taken corrective measures or issued a warning.
但反应堆设计者和国家研究委员会都没有采取纠正措施，也没有发出警告。
Mike Gray Now that warning ...
迈克·格雷现在警告......
if it had gone out to all the rest of the similar nuclear power plants, the accident at Three Mile Island would never have happened and that plant would have remained an anonymous sand bar in the middle of the Susquehanna.
如果它传到所有其他类似的核电站，三哩岛的事故就不会发生，该核电站将仍然是萨斯奎哈纳中部的一个无名沙洲。
Peter Bradford, NRC Commissioner A number of people in the mid 70s left the NRC because they felt that safety concerns just weren't being taken seriously.
Peter Bradford，NRC 专员 70 年代中期，许多人离开了 NRC，因为他们觉得安全问题没有得到认真对待。
The mindset, to be somewhat simplistic about it, was that everything was safe enough already.
简单地说，我们的心态是一切都已经足够安全了。
That anyone who wanted to raise a new concern, anyone who was skeptical that a particular plant should be licensed, had an immensely heavy burden to demonstrate it was worth really perturbing the process.
任何想要提出新问题的人，任何对某个特定工厂是否应该获得许可持怀疑态度的人，都需要承担巨大的负担来证明它确实值得扰乱这一过程。
Because nothing, nothing serious had happened yet.
因为还没有发生什么、什么严重的事情。
Or at least nothing serious enough had happened yet.
或者至少还没有发生足够严重的事情。
Throughout Thursday morning, Governor Thornburgh felt uneasy.
整个星期四早上，索恩伯格州长都感到不安。
The NRC had assured him that the danger was over, but he wanted a first-hand assessment of conditions at the plant.
NRC 向他保证危险已经结束，但他想要对工厂的状况进行第一手评估。
William Scranton Lt.
威廉·斯克兰顿中尉
Governor It occurred to me, "Someone's got to go down there and look at that place and see it." And, ah -- and I being, you know, 30 years old (Laughs) and maybe thinking I was more immortal than I really was, said, "I'm going to go down there." William Scranton Three Mile Island was in the middle of the Susquehanna River in the middle of farm country.
州长 我突然想到，“必须有人去那里看看那个地方，看看它。”而且，啊——我，你知道，30 岁了（笑），也许我认为自己比实际情况更不朽，所以说，“我要去那里。”威廉斯克兰顿三英里岛位于萨斯奎哈纳河中部的农田中部。
So it's not like you've got a lot of large buildings around.
所以周围并没有很多大型建筑物。
I mean you just drive up and there they are.
我的意思是你只要开车过去，他们就在那里。
They're magnificently huge, beautifully engineered symbols of the power of technological society, to do good and the power of technological society to do harm.
它们是巨大的、设计精美的象征，象征着科技社会行善的力量和科技社会作恶的力量。
And right now you know something's going on in there that you don't understand and it can be very dangerous.
现在你知道那里正在发生一些你不理解的事情，而且这可能非常危险。
When he arrived on the island, the Lieutenant Governor asked to see the source of the radiation releases.
当他到达该岛时，副州长要求查看辐射释放的来源。
Before he entered the highly contaminated area, Scranton was fitted with a protective suit.
在进入高度污染区域之前，斯克兰顿穿上了防护服。
William Scranton It's like getting ready to get into a space suit to go on a space walk.
威廉·斯克兰顿 这就像准备穿上宇航服去太空行走一样。
There were boots that fit over pants and I mean there was layer upon layer upon layer.
有适合裤子的靴子，我的意思是有一层又一层。
And it took me 45 minutes to get in all of the suits and putting all of the dosimeters on me so that they knew how much radiation that I got, and the protective boots and everything.
我花了 45 分钟穿上所有防护服，戴上所有剂量计，以便他们知道我受到了多少辐射，以及防护靴和所有东西。
And I remember walking in there.
我记得走进那里。
And I must say I was quite unnerved the closer I got to it.
我必须说，当我越接近它时，我就越感到不安。
When I started walking in...
当我开始走进...
I looked down and I saw on the floor this water, which looked like, you know, water in your basement except it happened to be in the auxiliary building of a nuclear power plant.
我低下头，看到地板上有水，看起来就像地下室里的水，只不过它恰好在核电站的辅助建筑里。
I realized that what was around me was highly contaminated.
我意识到我周围的东西被严重污染了。
......
......
But I came back with a much clearer understanding of what was going on that island.
但回来后我对那个岛上正在发生的事情有了更清晰的了解。
SCRANTON PRESS CONFERENCE "On site we were there for about two and a half hours.
斯克兰顿新闻发布会“我们在现场待了大约两个半小时。
When I left the plant I had been exposed to about 80 millirems.
当我离开工厂时，我已经暴露在大约 80 毫雷姆的环境中。
And I feel fine." The tour left Scranton encouraged.
我感觉很好。”这次旅行让斯克兰顿深受鼓舞。
Though there was contaminated water, he told the governor the problem seemed fixable.
尽管水受到污染，他告诉州长这个问题似乎可以解决。
But in the early morning hours of Friday, it appeared the plant was once again out of control.
但周五凌晨，工厂似乎再次失控。
It was reported that a large burst of radioactive gas had escaped from Three Mile Island.
据报道，大量放射性气体从三哩岛泄漏出来。
Within minutes, Thornburgh received a startling recommendation from a staff member at the NRC -- to evacuate the area.
几分钟之内，桑伯格就收到了 NRC 一名工作人员的惊人建议——撤离该地区。
Dick Thornburgh Governor For about 45 minutes in my office, with all of our team assembled, we set about on a crash effort to determine what had prompted this evacuation recommendation out of Washington, D.C. This whole question was constantly recycled ...
迪克·索恩伯格 (Dick Thornburgh) 州长 在我的办公室里，我们所有的团队都聚集在一起，花了大约 45 分钟的时间，开始紧急行动，以确定是什么促使我们提出从华盛顿特区撤离的建议。整个问题不断被重复……
"Should we order an evacuation?" Thornburgh feared the prospect of a mass exodus.
“我们应该下令撤离吗？”桑伯格担心大规模逃亡的前景。
Earlier, he had directed an aide to review the state's emergency plans.
早些时候，他指示一名助手审查该州的紧急计划。
Dick Thornburgh His report, to me, on the evacuation plans was chilling, (Laughs) to say the least.
迪克·索恩伯格（Dick Thornburgh） 对我来说，他关于疏散计划的报告至少可以说令人不寒而栗（笑）。
One of the things I'll never forget was that he said that under the regimen that had been established by the counties on either side of the river, one Dauphin County where Harrisburg was, and Cumberland County, across the river, that their evacuees would meet head-on in the middle of the bridge over which they were to be evacuated.
我永远不会忘记的一件事是，他说，根据河两岸各县制定的规定，哈里斯堡所在的多芬县和河对岸的坎伯兰县，他们的撤离人员将在他们要撤离的桥中间迎面汇合。
The burden of the evacuation decision was on Thornburgh's shoulders.
撤离决定的重任落在了索恩伯格的肩上。
Whatever he decided, he knew lives were at stake.
无论他做出什么决定，他都知道生命危在旦夕。
The Governor was anxious to get advice from the Chairman of the NRC.
总督迫切希望得到 NRC 主席的建议。
But he got no reply.
但他没有得到答复。
In Washington, Chairman Hendrie was still trying to get a handle on the facts.
在华盛顿，亨德里主席仍在努力了解事实。
Frustrated, Hendrie told an aide, "Thornburgh's information is ambiguous, mine is nonexistent.
亨德里沮丧地告诉一名助手，“索恩伯格的信息含糊不清，我的信息根本不存在。
We're like a couple of blind men trying to make a decision." As the Governor waited to hear from Hendrie, a siren blared across downtown Harrisburg.
我们就像两个试图做出决定的盲人。”当州长等待亨德里的消息时，哈里斯堡市中心响起了警笛声。
Dick Thornburgh .....
迪克·桑伯格……
But that siren was like a, a knife in my (Laughs) chest.
但那个警报就像一把刀插在我的胸口（笑）。
It was just I thought, "What on Earth?
我只是想：“这到底是怎么回事？
Where did that come from?" (P.29) Someone had set off Harrisburg's civil defense alarm -- sending rumors of evacuation racing through the surrounding communities.
那是从哪里来的？” (P.29) 有人拉响了哈里斯堡的民防警报，周围社区迅速散布疏散谣言。
ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE Announcement: "Could I have your attention please.
档案片段公告：“请注意一下。
There has been a state of emergency declared on Three Mile Island.
三哩岛已宣布进入紧急状态。
Please stay indoors with your windows closed." For residents, life seemed to be imitating art.
请待在室内并关上窗户。”对于居民来说，生活似乎就是在模仿艺术。
Just twelve days earlier, a Hollywood film called The China Syndrome had been released in theaters across the country -- giving Americans their first look at a terrifying nuclear catastrophe.
就在十二天前，一部名为《中国综合症》的好莱坞电影在全国影院上映，让美国人第一次看到了可怕的核灾难。
CHINA SYNDROME: First Man: "I don't know.
中国综合症：第一人：“我不知道。
They might have come close to exposing the core." Second Man: "If that's true, then we came very close to the China Syndrome.
他们可能已经接近暴露核心了。”第二个人：“如果这是真的，那么我们就非常接近中国综合症了。
The number of people killed would depend on which way the wind was blowing.
死亡人数取决于风向。
Render an area the size of Pennsylvania permanently uninhabitable.
使宾夕法尼亚州大小的区域永久无法居住。
Robin Neenan Stuart, Resident It was a beautiful day.
Robin Neenan Stuart，居民 这是美好的一天。
A very sunny, bright morning.
一个非常阳光明媚的早晨。
My windows were open.
我的窗户是开着的。
My phone rang and my sister wanted to know where I was going.
我的电话响了，姐姐想知道我要去哪里。
She was calling from LA saying, "Get out.
她从洛杉矶打电话说：“滚出去。
Get out.
出去。
Hurry up and get out." And people around the country were calling and saying, you know, "Get out of there.
快点离开吧。”全国各地的人们都在打电话说，“离开那里。
Hurry up and get out." Frightened residents braced themselves for the worst.
快点出去吧。”惊慌失措的居民做好了最坏的打算。
Marsha Mchenry, Resident Our neighbors told me ...
Marsha Mchenry，居民 我们的邻居告诉我......
that I was to come down to their house, they had guns and they had a chainsaw and a big truck and they would get up on the highway, cut down any barriers that were there and fight their way through, and we would leave any way they pleased.
我要到他们家去，他们有枪，有电锯和大卡车，他们会爬上高速公路，砍掉那里的所有障碍物并奋力通过，我们会以他们喜欢的方式离开。
So the idea that there was going to be any kind of an orderly evacuation was pure fantasy.
因此，任何形式的有序疏散的想法纯粹是幻想。
Thornburgh knew he didn't have much time to stem the panic.
桑伯格知道他没有太多时间来平息恐慌。
Shortly after 10:00 A.M., he finally got some welcome news.
上午10:00刚过不久，他终于得到了一些可喜的消息。
The radiation release had been grossly overstated -- one critical number had gotten distorted in layers of garbled communications.
辐射释放量被严重夸大了——一个关键数字在一层层混乱的通信中被扭曲。
The explanation did little to calm frayed nerves.
这一解释并没有缓解紧张的情绪。
The crisis in Pennsylvania had made front page news around the world.
宾夕法尼亚州的危机成为世界各地的头条新闻。
Hundreds of journalists flocked into Harrisburg, including Mike Gray.
数百名记者涌入哈里斯堡，其中包括迈克·格雷。
An engineer by training, he was covering the accident for a national journal.
作为一名训练有素的工程师，他正在为一家国家期刊报道这次事故。
He was also the screenwriter of the movie , The China Syndrome .
他还是电影《中国综合症》的编剧。
Mike Gray, Writer At one of the major New York dailies the managing editor stood up on his desk and shouted"Who here has seen 'The China Syndrome'?" Three guys raised their hand.
迈克·格雷（Mike Gray），作家 纽约一家主要日报的总编辑站在办公桌上喊道：“这里谁看过‘中国综合症’？”三个人举起了手。
He said, "You, you, you, you're goin' to Harrisburg." v/o So the movie then became a briefing film for the press.
他说：“你，你，你，你要去哈里斯堡。” v/o 所以这部电影后来成为了新闻界的简报片。
At 11:00 o'clock, MET ED called another press conference.
11:00，MET ED再次召开新闻发布会。
By now, the press corps was growing openly distrustful.
到目前为止，记者团已经公开表示不信任了。
HERBEIN PRESS CONFERENCE "The release that was made yesterday was within the limits that were acceptable.
赫尔宾新闻发布会“昨天发布的消息在可接受的范围内。
And was...I don't know why...I don't know why we need to, we need to tell you each and every thing that we do." Mike Pintek, Reporter Well, why not, Jack?
而且……我不知道为什么……我不知道为什么我们需要这样做，我们需要告诉你我们所做的每一件事。” Mike Pintek，记者 那么，为什么不呢，杰克？
You know, we only live here, and you may kill us here before you're all finished.
你知道，我们只住在这里，在你们全部完成之前，你们可能会在这里杀了我们。
Reporter: "Mr. Herbein, don't you feel a responsibility to a million people living around the plant to keep them informed of every last facet..." Mike Gray, Writer The press became very demanding.
记者：“先生。 Herbein，难道你不觉得有责任让生活在工厂周围的一百万人知道每一个细节吗……” Mike Gray，作家 媒体变得非常苛刻。
They were asking more and more intelligent questions and more and more specific, ah, answers were demanded.
他们提出了越来越多的聪明问题，需要越来越具体的答案。
And each time the -- Herbein tried to back away from it and finally, ah, the reporters got vicious.
每次——赫宾试图回避，最后，啊，记者们变得恶毒。
HERBEIN PRESS CONFERENCE: Now I am here today to try and ease the level of panic and concern.
赫拜因新闻发布会：我今天来这里是为了试图缓解恐慌和担忧的程度。
And tell you that, tell you ...
并告诉你，告诉你...
Mike Pintek Reporter I remember feeling very angry and I -- I shouted a question to Jack Herbein something along the lines of, "You started to melt that thing down, didn't you, didn't you?" And in the, I -- I guess at that moment I was not a journalist any more, I was a -- I lived here and I was mad.
迈克·平特克记者 我记得我当时感到非常生气，我向杰克·赫宾喊出了一个问题，大意是这样的：“你开始融化那东西了，不是吗？”在那一刻，我——我想我不再是一名记者了，我是——我住在这里，我很生气。
I was angry.
我很生气。
Back at the statehouse, Thornburgh finally heard from Hendrie.
回到州议会大厦，桑伯格终于收到了亨德里的消息。
As a precaution, the Chairman recommended a limited evacuation order.
作为预防措施，主席建议发出有限疏散令。
THORNBURGH'S PRESS CONFERENCE "Based on advice of the Chairman of the NRC I am advising pregnant women and pre-school age children to leave the area within a five mile radius of the Three Mile Island facility until further notice." Thornburgh's announcement unleashed the panic he had been trying to avoid.
桑堡新闻发布会 “根据 NRC 主席的建议，我建议孕妇和学龄前儿童离开三哩岛设施五英里半径范围内的区域，直至另行通知。”桑伯格的声明引发了他一直试图避免的恐慌。
Within days, 140,000 people would flee the area.
几天之内，14万人逃离该地区。
Robert Reid Mayor People left their jobs, came home, packed their cars and their children.
罗伯特·里德 市长 人们辞掉工作，回家，收拾好汽车和孩子。
And I remember standing on the corner and cars zipping past me and people hollering out the window, "Watch the town.
我记得站在街角，汽车从我身边呼啸而过，人们在窗外大喊：“注意镇子。
" And I said, "Well, here I am standing here.
” 我说，“好吧，我站在这里。
I'm in as much danger as they are and they're leaving town and telling me to watch their homes." Things were starting to get a little hectic.
我和他们一样处于危险之中，他们要离开城镇并告诉我看管他们的家。”事情开始变得有点忙碌。
Marsha McHenry Resident We left so quickly on Friday that we basically took ourselves.
玛莎·麦克亨利 (Marsha McHenry) 居民 周五我们离开得如此之快，以至于我们基本上都走了。
The moment that's so crystal clear in my mind is driving on the highway and trying to imagine what would happen to this area.
我脑海中清晰可见的那一刻是在高速公路上行驶并试图想象这个地区会发生什么。
All of this beautiful countryside would be destroyed.
所有这些美丽的乡村都会被摧毁。
It would be so contaminated that nobody could be there for hundreds of years.
它会被严重污染，数百年之内都没有人会在那里。
I looked as hard as I could at everything, and tried to burn it into my mind, what everything looked like, because I wasn't going to see it again.
我尽我所能地仔细观察一切，并试图将一切的样子铭刻在我的脑海中，因为我不会再看到它了。
Robin Neenan Stuart Resident My father wouldn't leave......Dad was thinking of his neighborhood and he was going to stand guard.
Robin Neenan Stuart 居民 我的父亲不会离开……爸爸想着他的邻居，他要站岗。
When I said good-bye to my father, we were both very careful not to say things more than we were to say things.
当我向父亲告别时，我们都非常小心，不说太多我们该说的话。
I think we said, "Good-bye.
我想我们说过：“再见。
See you soon," to one another.
很快见，”彼此说道。
(German) which means "Stay in touch.
（德语）意思是“保持联系。
I'll let ya' know." It was probably a few of the most horrible moments in my life.
我会让你知道的。”这可能是我一生中最可怕的时刻。
I had to drive away.
我不得不开车离开。
It was horrible.
太可怕了。
At the White House, President Carter was becoming alarmed.
在白宫，卡特总统开始感到震惊。
For an hour he had been trying to call Governor Thornburgh, but the phones lines were clogged.
一个小时以来，他一直试图给桑伯格州长打电话，但电话线路堵塞。
THORNBURGH ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE Thornburgh: "We had an open line.
索恩堡档案片段 索恩堡：“我们的线路是开放的。
What happened to our open line?
我们的开放线路怎么了？
How about reestablishing that.
重建一下怎么样？
It was on three, okay....And there over there sits our hotline unassembled." When Carter finally reached the governor he heard an outpouring of frustration.
当时是三点，好吧……那边我们的热线电话还没开通。”当卡特最终联系到州长时，他听到了一阵沮丧的声音。
Thornburgh felt let down by both MET ED and the NRC.
桑伯格对 MET ED 和 NRC 都感到失望。
He asked the President for someone he could trust.
他向总统请求找一个他可以信任的人。
Within hours, Harold Denton arrived in Harrisburg as the president's envoy.
几个小时内，哈罗德·丹顿作为总统特使抵达哈里斯堡。
Harold Denton NRC Official So I agreed to go, but I saw it, at the time, as I was a fireman and I was rushing to the scene of a fire.
哈罗德·丹顿 (Harold Denton) NRC 官员 所以我同意去，但当时我看到了这一点，因为我是一名消防员，正赶往火灾现场。
William Scranton Lt.
威廉·斯克兰顿中尉
Governor We were in governor's darkly oak-paneled office and we were all sitting there three days and we'd been through everything and -- and we didn't know what to expect.
州长 我们在州长深色橡木镶板的办公室里，我们都在那里坐了三天，我们经历了一切，而且——我们不知道会发生什么。
And we got a call saying, "Harold Denton is outside in the reception area," and the Governor turned to me and said, "Bill, go outside and bring him in." And I walked out and opened the door and he stepped in and he said, "Hi, I'm Harold Denton." And I said, "Hi, I'm Bill Scranton." But the minute he said, "Hi, I'm Harold Denton," you know sometimes you have a this feeling about people, it just was, this is the right guy.
我们接到电话说：“哈罗德·丹顿在外面的接待区”，州长转向我说：“比尔，到外面把他带进来。”我走出去，打开门，他走了进来，说道：“嗨，我是哈罗德·丹顿。”我说：“嗨，我是比尔·斯克兰顿。”但当他说“嗨，我是哈罗德·丹顿”的那一刻，你知道有时你会对别人产生这样的感觉，那就是，这就是对的人。
Mike Pintek My first look of Harold Denton was on a television set.
迈克·平特克 (Mike Pintek) 我第一次看到哈罗德·丹顿 (Harold Denton) 是在电视机上。
He's kind of this slow talking -- my recollection is -- southern-sounding kind of guy who automatically puts you at ease and makes you feel more comfortable and safe.
他是那种说话很慢的人——我的记忆是——听起来像南方人，他会自然而然地让你放松下来，让你感觉更舒服和安全。
That's kind of how it felt: Finally someone is here that we can trust.
感觉就是这样：终于有人可以信任了。
DENTON ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE "We've assured ourselves that there is no imminent danger to the public as a result of the way the core is being cooled..." As Denton calmed fears in Harrisburg, tensions were growing back at NRC headquarters.
丹顿档案片段 “我们已经向自己保证，堆芯的冷却方式不会对公众造成迫在眉睫的危险……” 当丹顿平息哈里斯堡的恐惧时，NRC 总部的紧张气氛又重新加剧。
Roger Mattson, one of the NRC's most experienced engineers, had been analyzing a stream of data from the control room.
罗杰·马特森 (Roger Mattson) 是 NRC 最有经验的工程师之一，他一直在分析来自控制室的数据流。
He was horrified to discover the presence of a hydrogen gas bubble above the core.
他惊讶地发现核心上方存在氢气气泡。
The bubble could prevent cooling and eventually lead to a meltdown.
气泡可能会阻碍冷却并最终导致熔毁。
Mattson's report to Commissioner Hendrie was blunt: Roger Mattson, NRC Senior Engineer Well, what I told 'em was that we had a reactor that was in a condition that no one had anticipated, that the core was severely damaged.
马特森给亨德里委员的报告很直白： 罗杰·马特森，NRC 高级工程师 嗯，我告诉他们的是，我们的反应堆处于无人预料到的状态，堆芯严重受损。
I think I called it a "horse race." NRC AUDIO TAPE: "How the hell do we get the bubble out of there?
我想我称之为“赛马”。 NRC 录音带：“我们到底怎样才能把气泡弄出来呢？
Do we win the horse race or do we lose the horse race....I don't what we are protecting at this point.
我们是赢得赛马还是输掉赛马……我不知道我们现在要保护什么。
I think we ought to be moving people." Roger Mattson And at that point I put my two cents worth in on the evacuation.
我认为我们应该转移人员。” 罗杰·马特森 就在那时，我把我的两美分投入到了疏散上。
And I asked him why he was not making the recommendation to move people.
我问他为什么不建议转移人员。
We thought there should be some form of close-in evacuation.
我们认为应该采取某种形式的近距离疏散。
Fearing another false alarm, Hendrie stalled.
由于担心再次出现误报，亨德里停了下来。
For the first time the press began to use the word meltdown.
媒体第一次开始使用“崩溃”这个词。
Walter Cronkite: The world has never known a day quite like today.
沃尔特·克朗凯特：世界上从未有过像今天这样的日子。
It faced the considerable uncertainties and dangers of the worst nuclear power plant accident of the atomic age.
它面临着原子时代最严重的核电站事故的相当大的不确定性和危险。
And the horror tonight is that it could get much worse.
今晚的恐怖之处在于，情况可能会变得更糟。
The potential is there for the ultimate risk of a meltdown at the Three Mile Island .......
三哩岛最终有可能发生熔毁......
Mike Pintek Reporter That evening before sundown, and I'm looking in the sky, and I know this is kind of dumb, but I just remember the sky was the strangest colors, of purples and oranges and -- and deep blues and it was just a really weird sky...
迈克·平特克记者 那天晚上，日落之前，我看着天空，我知道这有点愚蠢，但我只记得天空的颜色是最奇怪的，紫色和橙色，还有深蓝色，那真是一个非常奇怪的天空......
It almost reflected the -- the emotional turmoil that we were feeling over what was going on at Three Mile Island.
它几乎反映了我们对三哩岛发生的事情所感受到的情绪混乱。
So that's what comes to mind when I think of Friday, or Black Friday as I call it.
这就是当我想到星期五或我所说的黑色星期五时想到的。
12/14/98 ACT III
98 年 12 月 14 日 第三幕
Saturday morning, Chairman Hendrie was at the point of exhaustion.
周六早上，亨德里主席已经精疲力尽了。
The ominous prospect of a meltdown was frightening enough.
崩溃的不祥前景已经够可怕的了。
But, now he had a new worry -- that the hydrogen bubble would mix with oxygen and create a devastating explosion.
但是，现在他有了一个新的担忧——氢气气泡会与氧气混合并产生毁灭性的爆炸。
Hendrie told Roger Mattson to get the answers from the best nuclear physicists in the country.
亨德里告诉罗杰·马特森从国内最好的核物理学家那里得到答案。
At the statehouse, the governor once again faced an agonizing decision.
在州议会大厦，州长再次面临痛苦的决定。
He could not bring himself to order an evacuation without more facts.
如果没有更多事实，他无法下令撤离。
Still, his team began preparing for the unthinkable.
尽管如此，他的团队还是开始为不可思议的事情做准备。
William Scranton Lt.
威廉·斯克兰顿中尉
Governor We were making plans for the evacuation of not only people, but of government, of how we were going to govern in the case of the massive melt-down and escape of radioactivity and we were going through some very tough scenarios.
州长 我们不仅在制定人员疏散计划，而且还在制定政府疏散计划，以及在大规模熔毁和放射性逃逸的情况下如何进行治理，我们正在经历一些非常艰难的情况。
Ahm, and not only were we going through tough scenarios, but these were tired, overworked, very stressed people.
嗯，我们不仅经历了艰难的情况，而且这些人都很疲惫、劳累过度、压力很大。
Back in Bethesda, reports from Mattson's consultants began pouring in.
回到贝塞斯达，马特森顾问的报告开始纷至沓来。
The news was grim.
这个消息很严峻。
Dan Martin Writer There was ....
丹·马丁 作家 有......
a moment of truth for Roger Mattson.
罗杰·马特森的关键时刻。
In calculating, he realized that he had one variable wrong, that instead of talking about an explosion that could happen in a period of a day or two, that they were already at an explosive level, at any moment the plant might explode.
在计算中，他意识到他有一个变量是错误的，不是谈论一两天内可能发生的爆炸，而是已经处于爆炸水平，工厂随时可能爆炸。
......
......
They were sitting on a time bomb.
他们坐在一颗定时炸弹上。
But at his makeshift office near Three Mile Island, Harold Denton was calm.
但在三哩岛附近的临时办公室里，哈罗德·丹顿很平静。
He was getting a more optimistic assessment from his technical advisor, Victor Stello, a well-respected NRC engineer who was conferring with industry insiders.
他的技术顾问 Victor Stello 给出了更为乐观的评估，Victor Stello 是一位受人尊敬的 NRC 工程师，正在与业内人士进行交流。
Harold Denton NRC Official I think the Washington group was getting more concerned that it might already be an explosive mixture there and Mr. Stello and his consultants were coming to the view that, ah, there wasn't any explosive potential at all.
哈罗德·丹顿 NRC 官员 我认为华盛顿小组越来越担心那里可能已经是爆炸性混合物，斯特洛先生和他的顾问认为，啊，根本不存在任何爆炸潜力。
And we just couldn't seem to bridge that technical gap.
我们似乎无法弥合这一技术差距。
The lives of tens of thousands of people now hinged on whose calculations proved right.
现在，数万人的生命取决于谁的计算被证明是正确的。
In the early evening, word of the explosion theory leaked to the press.
傍晚时分，爆炸理论的消息泄露给了媒体。
By the time Harold Denton spoke to them at 11:00 o'clock at night, journalists were close to hysteria.
当哈罗德·丹顿在晚上 11:00 向他们讲话时，记者们已经接近歇斯底里了。
Mike Gray Writer In the state capital were several hundred reporters who got the word that this thing may explode and it's like, you know, a stone's throw down the river from where they're standing right at this moment.
迈克·格雷（Mike Gray） 作家 在州首府有数百名记者，他们得到消息说这东西可能会爆炸，就像，你知道的，距离他们此刻所站的地方只有一箭之遥。
They went into the press room and they weren't after a story, what they wanted to know was, "Is it time to get out?" Mike Pintek Reporter It's Saturday night.
他们走进新闻发布室，他们不是在听故事，他们想知道的是，“是时候出去了吗？” Mike Pintek 记者 现在是星期六晚上。
I'm saying to myself, my life, at about 27 years old, is going to be over, because these -- these arrogant utility operators have allowed this thing to run out of control and they're going to kill us.
我对自己说，我 27 岁左右的人生就要结束了，因为这些——这些傲慢的公用事业运营商让事情失控，他们会杀了我们。
There were still half a million people in the Harrisburg area waiting for Thornburgh's order to leave.
哈里斯堡地区仍有五十万人等待索恩伯格的离开命令。
The governor would base his decision on Harold Denton's word.
州长将根据哈罗德·丹顿的话做出决定。
DENTON PRESS CONFERENCE: Denton: We see no possibility of hydrogen explosions in either the containment or the reactor vessel in the near term.
丹顿新闻发布会： 丹顿：我们认为短期内安全壳或反应堆容器中不会发生氢气爆炸。
William Scranton Lt.
威廉·斯克兰顿中尉
Governor You've got to understand that people in Bethesda were saying, "Hey, we're nervous." But by -- but we didn't listen to people in Bethesda.
州长 您必须理解贝塞斯达的人们会说：“嘿，我们很紧张。”但是，但是我们没有听贝塞斯达人的意见。
I don't mean that, you know, we were rude to them or cut them off, but, frankly, we believed the people on-site.
我并不是说，我们对他们无礼或切断他们的联系，但坦率地说，我们相信现场的人。
And Harold Denton was the guy we trusted most by this time.
哈罗德·丹顿是我们这次最信任的人。
DENTON PRESS CONFERENCE Denton: "Well it's certainly days before flammability limits would be reached and many more days after that before detonation limits would be reached, all of which assume that we did nothing but sit on our hands here instead of getting the hydrogen out of the vessel." Then Thornburgh added some reassuring news.
丹顿新闻发布会丹顿：“当然，距离达到可燃极限还有几天，距离达到爆炸极限还有很多天，所有这些都假设我们什么也没做，只是袖手旁观，而不是将氢气从容器中取出。”然后桑伯格补充了一些令人放心的消息。
THORNBURGH PRESS CONFERENCE Thornburgh: President Carter will be paying a visit to the area.
桑堡新闻发布会 桑堡：卡特总统将访问该地区。
Will make a personal on-site visit and I think this is an important vote of confidence and a further refutation of the kind of alarmist reaction that has set in in some quarters.
将进行个人现场访问，我认为这是一次重要的信任投票，也是对某些方面出现的危言耸听反应的进一步驳斥。
Harold Denton I knew the President was arriving the next day and there wasn't anyone on my staff at the site who thought there was anything dangerous or that we shouldn't -- or that we should object.
哈罗德·丹顿：我知道总统第二天就会到达，而且我在现场的工作人员中没有人认为有任何危险或我们不应该这样做，或者我们应该反对。
And yet in Washington there was building sentiment that maybe it was an unwise thing for the -- the President to do.
然而，在华盛顿，人们越来越认为总统的做法可能是一件不明智的事情。
Dan Martin Writer It's a great public relations gimmick to calm people down, but only if the plant doesn't explode.
丹·马丁 编剧 这是一个很好的公关花招，可以让人们平静下来，但前提是工厂不会爆炸。
And as far as Mattson was concerned, the plan was already explosive.
而对于马特森来说，这个计划已经是爆炸性的了。
Any kind of a vibration might set it off.
任何形式的振动都可能引发它。
On Sunday morning Victor Stello went to church.
周日早上，维克多·斯特洛去了教堂。
He had worked through the night trying to prove the explosion theory wrong.
他整晚都在努力证明爆炸理论是错误的。
Victor Stello, NRC Senior Engineer I went to mass and I was real, real tired.
Victor Stello，NRC 高级工程师 我去参加弥撒，我真的非常累。
I thought I was gonna fall asleep in the sermon.
我以为我会在讲道中睡着。
And then this priest gets up and said that because of the, ah, potential for us being killed from Three Mile Island, we're going to have general absolution.
然后这位牧师站起来说，因为，啊，我们有可能在三哩岛被杀，所以我们将得到普遍的赦免。
ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE Priest: "The Bishop has said, 'George, you're the pastor.
档案镜头 牧师：“主教说，‘乔治，你是牧师。
Whatever you need to do whatever you need to say is up to you to do.
无论你需要做什么，无论你需要说什么，都由你来做。
You don't need to make any calls to me asking permission and that's how we decided to give general absolution." This is a sacrament in the Catholic faith reserved when death is imminent.
你不需要打电话给我请求许可，这就是我们决定给予普遍赦免的方式。”这是天主教信仰中在死亡迫近时保留的圣礼。
It is only given when people are going into battle and they might die.
只有当人们进入战斗并且他们可能会死亡时才会给予它。
Ah, so they are absolved of all of their sins.
啊，所以他们所有的罪孽都被赦免了。
Victor Stello It was a very difficult and emotional kind of a thing.
维克多·斯特洛 这是一件非常困难和情绪化的事情。
It's a very difficult time.
这是一个非常困难的时期。
And then the anger was really bad.
然后愤怒真的很糟糕。
What we had done to these people, just outrageous.
我们对这些人所做的一切，简直令人发指。
Ah, we -- we had frightened them so bad, ah, they thought they were gonna die.
啊，我们——我们把他们吓坏了，啊，他们以为自己要死了。
While Stello attended church, Roger Mattson raced to Harrisburg.
当斯特洛去教堂时，罗杰·马特森赶往哈里斯堡。
He set off from Washington determined to reach Three Mile Island before the president arrived.
他从华盛顿出发，决心在总统抵达之前到达三哩岛。
At the airport, he found Denton and Stello waiting to greet the President's helicopter.
在机场，他发现丹顿和斯特洛正在等待迎接总统的直升机。
Mike Gray Writer Here comes Roger Mattson into the hangar and here's Victor Stello, the other top NRC expert, and Stello says, "Mattson, you son-of-a-bitch!
迈克·格雷 编剧 罗杰·马特森 (Roger Mattson) 走进机库，维克多·斯特洛 (Victor Stello) 来了，NRC 的另一位顶级专家，斯特洛说：“马特森，你个王八蛋！
Ah, how could you be spreading these rumors around this -- about this hydrogen bubble," and -- and Mattson is saying, you know, "Victor, that bubble is ready to explode and if you can't see that, you're crazy." And they're screaming back and forth at each other inside this hangar.
啊，你怎么能散布这些关于这个氢气泡的谣言，”而且——马特森说，你知道，“维克多，那个气泡已经准备好爆炸了，如果你看不到这一点，你就疯了。”他们在这个机库里互相尖叫。
This had to be a fairly thrilling moment for Harold Denton as the President's deputy because here is the President, the chief executive, due to arrive at any moment with his wife.
对于作为总统副手的哈罗德·丹顿来说，这一定是一个相当激动人心的时刻，因为总统、首席执行官将随时与他的妻子一起到达。
And here are his two top technical experts slugging it out there in the hangar over whether or not this place was about to blow up.
他的两位顶级技术专家在机库里就这个地方是否会爆炸展开了激烈的争论。
Minutes later, Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter landed at Harrisburg airport.
几分钟后，吉米和罗莎琳·卡特降落在哈里斯堡机场。
For Harold Denton this was the moment of decision.
对于哈罗德·丹顿来说，这是做出决定的时刻。
Harold Denton So I briefed the President on -- on this bubble and the possibility of an explosive mixture and tried to give him the two sides that were out there but we still didn't have a single view on that.
哈罗德·丹顿：所以我向总统简要介绍了这个泡沫和爆炸性混合物的可能性，并试图向他提供两方面的信息，但我们对此仍然没有统一的看法。
Dan Martin Writer Now this has to put Carter on a spot.
丹·马丁 作家 现在这必须让卡特陷入困境。
Ahm, what is he to do?
嗯，他要做什么？
If he turns around and walks away after he's come up here in order to calm the public down, that message is unmistakable.
如果他来这里之后为了安抚公众而转身走开，那么这个信息是明确无误的。
And so he did the only thing he felt he could.
所以他做了他认为自己能做的唯一一件事。
He went into the plant anyway.
不管怎样，他还是走进了工厂。
Mike Gray Writer They left the hangar at Harrisburg airport and, went down the River Road to Three Mile Island.
迈克·格雷 作家 他们离开哈里斯堡机场的机库，沿着河路前往三英里岛。
And, ah, watching that motorcade that day was, ah, a remarkable experience because they were people who had tried to stick it out through thick and thin.
而且，啊，那天观看车队是，啊，一次非凡的经历，因为他们是那些试图风雨同舟坚持到底的人。
Had been advised, "Get out of town." "No. No. It's safe." "Pregnant women should leave, but everybody else is okay." Ah, And they'd been whip-sawed back and forth with, ah, "Leave." "Don't leave." "It's about to explode." "No, it isn't." And all of a sudden here is the President of the United States coming down the highway (Laughs) leading this entourage to take a personal tour of the plant itself.
有人建议：“离开城镇。” “不。”不，很安全。” “孕妇应该离开，但其他人都没事。” 啊，他们被来回鞭打，啊，“离开。” “不要离开。” “它要爆炸了。” “不，不是。” 突然间，美国总统从高速公路上下来（笑），带领随行人员亲自参观工厂本身。
And they stood there and they cheered as he went by, because he was with them.
当他经过时，他们站在那里欢呼，因为他和他们在一起。
Dick Thornburgh Governor I remember all of us were outfitted with these little yellow booties that, ah, we put on over our shoes.
迪克·桑伯格州长 我记得我们所有人都穿着这些黄色的小靴子，啊，我们把它们穿在鞋子外面。
And, ah, that was to protect us from water that was radioactive water which was on the, ah, floor inside the facility.
而且，啊，这是为了保护我们免受设施内地板上的放射性水的侵害。
And then we went to the site, we all got on a bus.
然后我们就去了现场，我们都上了一辆公共汽车。
And the bus then went on-site.
然后巴士就到了现场。
We got out and went into the control room.
我们下了车，走进控制室。
And that was an eerie feeling.
那是一种怪异的感觉。
Here we were, ah, Sunday morning, ah, four days plus a couple of hours after the accident, at the very site where things had gone wrong.
我们在这里，啊，周日早上，啊，事故发生后四天加几个小时，就在出问题的地方。
Just outside the plant gates, Victor Stello and Roger Mattson were frantically reviewing the explosion theory.
就在工厂大门外，维克多·斯特洛和罗杰·马特森正在疯狂地审查爆炸理论。
For two days Stello had struggled to prove Mattson wrong.
两天来，斯特洛一直在努力证明马特森是错的。
Finally in the late afternoon, Victor Stello found the flaw in Mattson's calculations.
终于在下午晚些时候，维克多·斯特洛发现了马特森计算中的缺陷。
Dan Martin Writer v/o They were using the wrong formula.
丹·马丁 作家 v/o 他们使用了错误的公式。
The hydrogen bubble was never a threat.
氢泡沫从来都不是威胁。
o/c what puzzles me is how many people, not just in the NRC, not just at Three Mile Island, but people in the industry on the phone as technical consultants, technical consultants who are on-site, how many of them dealt with that formula and nobody noticed.
让我困惑的是，有多少人，不仅是在 NRC，不仅仅是在三哩岛，还有业内人士作为技术顾问、现场技术顾问，其中有多少人处理过这个公式却没有人注意到。
Now scientists and engineers were correctly assessing the accident.
现在科学家和工程师正在正确评估这起事故。
But back on the island, there was still confusion.
但回到岛上，仍然一片混乱。
Harold Denton NRC Official ....
哈罗德·丹顿 NRC 官方 ....
when we reached the gate to turn back in our dosimeters that we had worn ...
当我们到达大门，带着我们佩戴的剂量计折返时……
the President reads his dosimeter and it's reading high.
总统读取他的剂量计，读数很高。
It's 78 millirem.
是 78 毫雷姆。
Oh, my God, you know, my heart stopped.
哦，天哪，你知道吗，我的心跳停止了。
"What has happened here?
“这里发生了什么事？
Have I exposed the President?" And I read mine, which was an NRC issued dosimeter, and it read zero.
我暴露总统了吗？”我读了我的，这是一个 NRC 发行的剂量计，它的读数为零。
...
...
Turns out the company had gotten so far behind on their ability to recharge dosimeters and hand out fresh dosimeters to everyone, they just noted what they read when they were turned in last and subtracted the difference.
事实证明，该公司在为剂量计充电和向每个人分发新剂量计的能力方面远远落后，他们只是记下上次上交剂量计时所读取的内容并减去差异。
Now the plant people didn't see any big deal but momentarily there was mass confusion on the bus and everyone was saying they had been received unexpected exposures.
现在，工厂的人没有看到任何大问题，但公共汽车上一时出现了大规模混乱，每个人都说他们收到了意外的曝光。
And I think at that moment President Carter began to lose a little confidence in not only the company but me.
我认为在那一刻卡特总统不仅开始对公司而且对我都失去了一点信心。
By the time Carter left Harrisburg, he knew the danger was over.
当卡特离开哈里斯堡时，他知道危险已经过去了。
The President's visit would mark the end of the crisis.
总统的访问将标志着危机的结束。
After five days of fear and anguish, residents felt safe enough to return to their homes.
经过五天的恐惧和痛苦后，居民们感到足够安全，可以返回家园了。
Although they were told that an insignificant amount of radiation had been released during the accident, they would be plagued by doubts for years to come.
尽管他们被告知事故中释放的辐射量微乎其微，但他们在接下来的几年里仍被疑虑所困扰。
On the island, lead bricks were brought in to build a wall around the reactor.
在岛上，铅砖被用来建造反应堆周围的墙。
Slowly the hydrogen was bled from the system.
氢气慢慢地从系统中排出。
A month after the accident began, the Unit-2 reactor was finally shut down.
事故发生一个月后，2号机组反应堆终于被关闭。
Dick Thornburgh Governor I don't see how you could ever erase the memories of frustration, of uncertainty ....
迪克·桑伯格州长 我不明白你如何才能抹去沮丧、不确定的记忆……
punctuated by moments of stark terror that attach to an incident like Three Mile Island...
不时有与三哩岛这样的事件相关的赤裸裸的恐怖时刻……
and the eternal sense of relief and deliverance when that was finally over.
当一切终于结束时，那种永恒的解脱感和解脱感。
Three years later a robotic camera was lowered into the core.
三年后，一台机器人相机被放入核心。
It would be the first look at the full extent of the accident.
这将是第一次了解事故的全部情况。
Bob Long Supervising Engineer I remember vividly seeing this videotape of a camera coming down into the top of the core...and you hear the voice of the mechanic who's -- who's lowering it saying, "One foot, two foot, we're now two feet into the core, we're now approaching three feet." and as he's going, as I'm watching the tape my stomach churns more and "Five foot.
鲍勃·朗 (Bob Long) 主管工程师 我清楚地记得看到摄像机下降到堆芯顶部的录像带……你会听到机械师的声音，他正在降低摄像机，说：“一英尺，两英尺，我们现在已经进入堆芯两英尺，我们现在正在接近三英尺。”当他走的时候，当我看着录像带时，我的胃更加翻腾，“五英尺。”
Got something." And that recognition for the first time, five feet of the core was gone.
有东西了。”第一次认识到，五英尺的核心已经消失了。
That's when we really saw that the core had been severely damaged.
那时我们才真正看到核心已经严重受损。
Roger Mattson NRC Senior Engineer We had a meltdown at Three Mile Island.
罗杰·马特森 (Roger Mattson) NRC 高级工程师 我们在三哩岛发生了灾难。
It was not the China Syndrome, but we melted the core down.
这不是中国综合症，但我们融化了核心。
Fifty percent of the core was destroyed or molten and, ahm, some-- something on the order of 20 tons of uranium found its way, by flowing in a molten state, to the bottom head of the pressure vessel.
百分之五十的堆芯被摧毁或熔化，嗯，大约 20 吨的铀以熔化状态流到了压力容器的底部。
That's a core melt-down.
这就是核心崩溃。
No question about it.
毫无疑问。
Following the accident, the nuclear power industry would introduce new safety and training standards.
事故发生后，核电行业将引入新的安全和培训标准。
But nuclear power would never again hold the promise it once did.
但核电再也无法实现它曾经的承诺。
Since Three Mile Island, not a single nuclear power plant has been ordered in the United States.
自三哩岛项目以来，美国再未订购任何一座核电站。
In 1942, Dr. Enrico Fermi achieves the first controlled nuclear chain reaction, with a natural uranium device.
1942 年，恩里科·费米博士使用天然铀装置实现了第一个受控核链式反应。
Pennsylvania Governor Dick Thornburgh had been in office a mere 68 days when he came face-to-face with the biggest crisis of his professional life.
宾夕法尼亚州州长迪克·索恩伯格上任仅 68 天，就面临职业生涯中最大的危机。
Roger Mattson and Victor Stello worked as part of the Atomic Energy Commission, when nuclear power was in its infancy.
当核电还处于起步阶段时，罗杰·马特森和维克多·斯特洛曾担任原子能委员会的成员。
The damaged reactor at Three Mile Island was not the first President Jimmy Carter had viewed up close.
三哩岛受损的反应堆并不是吉米·卡特总统第一次近距离观察。
It was Mike Pintek's job to know what was going on in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.
迈克·平泰克的工作是了解宾夕法尼亚州多芬县正在发生的事情。
Mayor Reid took his job as mayor seriously.
里德市长认真对待自己的市长工作。
Three nights a week he would ride along in the patrol car of a policeman friend, Earl Anderson, making his presence known on Middletown's streets.
每周三个晚上，他都会乘坐警察朋友厄尔·安德森的巡逻车，在米德尔敦的街道上让人们知道他的存在。