Taken Hostage
Crowd (archive): Death to America!
人群（档案）：美国去死吧！
Death to America!
美国去死吧！
(in Farsi)
（波斯语）
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The morning of November 4th, I’m in my office.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：11 月 4 日早上，我在办公室。
It started to rain a little bit.
天开始下点小雨。
We heard the crowds in front of the embassy.
我们听到大使馆前人群拥挤的声音。
I looked up and saw someone climbing over the gate.
我抬头一看，发现有人翻过大门。
Some young woman cut the chain and several hundred protesters, some with weapons, were moving all over the embassy.
一些年轻女子切断了链条，数百名抗议者（其中一些人携带武器）在使馆各处走动。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Before I knew it.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：在我知道之前。
15 to 20 people are pounding on my door.
有 15 到 20 个人正在敲我的门。
Just barged through.
刚闯过去。
And there I am facing these people.
我就在那里面对这些人。
And I said, “who are you?” And he says, "I'm a part of the Students Following the Line of the imam.
我说：“你是谁？”他说：“我是遵循伊玛目的学生的一员。
You're in the nest of spies.
你已经进入了间谍的巢穴。
You are part of U.S. imperialism, and you're the corruptors of the Earth.
你们是美帝国主义的一部分，你们是地球的腐蚀者。
You are our prisoner.”
你是我们的俘虏。”
Australian Reporter (archive): The hostages are apparently in the main building.
澳大利亚记者（档案）：人质显然在主楼里。
The embassy is occupied by about 400 students and Islamic Revolutionary Guards.
大使馆内约有 400 名学生和伊斯兰革命卫队。
Ed Bradley (archive ): Good evening.
埃德·布拉德利（档案）：晚上好。
In Tehran tonight, the American embassy is in the hands of several hundred Iranian students who took control after a three hour skirmish with U.S. Marines.
今晚在德黑兰，美国大使馆由数百名伊朗学生掌控，他们在与美国海军陆战队发生了三个小时的小规模冲突后控制了该大使馆。
They are holding hostages and are demanding that the exiled shah of Iran, now undergoing cancer treatment at a New York hospital, be returned to stand trial.
他们扣押人质，并要求将正在纽约一家医院接受癌症治疗的流亡伊朗国王送回接受审判。
Crowd (archive): “Death to the Shah” “Death to the Shah…” (in Farsi)
人群（档案）：“国王之死”“国王之死……”（波斯语）
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: On November 4th, when the hostages were taken, I was at home in bed and I got a call from Brzezinski.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：11月4日，人质被劫持时，我正在家里躺在床上，接到布热津斯基的电话。
He said, they took our people at the embassy.
他说，他们在大使馆带走了我们的人。
I got in my VW and drove over to the State Department
我开着我的大众车去国务院
Iranian Hostage-Taker Over Phone (archive): …the American embassy…
伊朗电话劫持者（档案）：……美国大使馆……
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We were getting reports directly from inside the embassy.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我们直接从大使馆内部收到报告。
So here we were with all of these open phones.
所以我们这里有所有这些开放的电话。
Iranian Hostage-Taker Over Phone (archive): …
伊朗人质劫持者通过电话（档案）：……
so please open the door.
所以请打开门。
They didn’t accept.
他们不接受。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff : So here we were with all these open phones
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：所以我们这里有所有这些开放的电话
Iranian Hostage-Taker Over Phone (Archive): They get angry and shout to them, if you don't open the door we will open it ourselves.
伊朗人质电话劫持者（档案）：他们生气了，对他们大喊，如果你不开门，我们就自己开门。
After that, a student has gone up and arrest all of them, ok?
然后有一个学生上去把他们都抓起来了好吗？
And then tied their hands.
然后绑住了他们的手。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: And then one by one, as the day went on, the phones were shut down.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：然后，随着时间的推移，电话一个接一个地被关闭。
So we lost contact.
于是我们就失去了联系。
Sam Donaldson (archive): The action against the embassy may or may not have been ordered by Iran's religious leader, the Ayatollah Khomeini, which adds to Washington's difficulty in trying to resolve this dangerous situation.
萨姆·唐纳森（档案）：针对大使馆的行动可能是伊朗宗教领袖阿亚图拉霍梅尼下令的，也可能不是，这增加了华盛顿试图解决这一危险局势的难度。
Ted Koppel (archive): The State Department is doing what it can.
特德·科佩尔（档案）：国务院正在尽其所能。
But at the moment, at least, that doesn’t appear to be much.
但至少目前来看，这似乎并不多。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: From my position in the White House, I'm not a decision maker.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：从我在白宫的职位来看，我不是决策者。
But I'm watching everything and I'm relaying what I learned to the President.
但我正在观察一切，并将我所了解到的情况转达给总统。
So I have a straight line to him.
所以我和他有直线联系。
One of the things that was discussed was possibly imposing a blockade against Iranian ports or cutting off their oil exports.
讨论的事情之一是可能对伊朗港口实施封锁或切断其石油出口。
But it was very likely that it would bring the Soviets in.
但它很可能会把苏联拉进来。
And it could, in fact, lead to World War Three.
事实上，这可能导致第三次世界大战。
Ted Koppel (archive): Washington is tremendously concerned about Iran's oil supplies and our need for them and, of course, concerned about the safety of those Americans still at the embassy.
特德·科佩尔（档案）：华盛顿非常担心伊朗的石油供应和我们对石油的需求，当然，也担心仍在大使馆的美国人的安全。
Reporter (archive): The demonstrators burned the American flag, blindfolded and handcuffed at least some of their American hostages and paraded them in front of the embassy building.
记者（档案）：示威者焚烧了美国国旗，给至少一些美国人质蒙上眼睛和手铐，并在使馆大楼前游街示众。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Here I had in my mind, okay, it's over, we're out of here.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我心里想，好吧，结束了，我们离开这里。
They'll just put us on a plane and take us out of here by tomorrow.
他们会把我们送上飞机，明天就带我们离开这里。
Diplomatic immunity.
外交豁免权。
Well, I was tied up and they start beating me up, there I started to really think about what the hell is going on now.
好吧，我被绑起来，他们开始殴打我，我开始真正思考现在到底发生了什么。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: It was an early Sunday morning and the phone rang downstairs.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：那是一个周日清晨，楼下的电话响了。
It was my mother in law and she was very, very upset.
这是我的岳母，她非常非常沮丧。
Something’s happened at the embassy.
大使馆发生了一些事情。
She had heard it on the news.
她是在新闻里听到的。
Reporter (archive): His name is Barry Rosen.
记者（档案）：他的名字是巴里·罗森。
He is the embassy’s press attache.
他是大使馆的新闻专员。
Because of the blindfold, Rosen could not see….
由于蒙着眼睛，罗森看不见……
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: The Iranians were saying they had a certain number of people being held, and the Carter administration would neither confirm or deny.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：伊朗方面称他们扣押了一定数量的人，卡特政府既不证实也不否认。
My mother took my kids and I got on the phone to Washington trying to find out what was going on.
我母亲带着我的孩子，我打电话到华盛顿，试图了解发生了什么事。
Frank Reynolds (archive): The Iran crisis.
弗兰克·雷诺兹（档案）：伊朗危机。
America held hostage tonight at eleven thirty, ten thirty Central Time.
今晚美国中部时间十一点三十分被扣为人质。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: This was the first American foreign policy crisis that had been televised live from start to stop.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：这是美国第一次从始至终进行电视直播的外交政策危机。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): We will not rest or deviate from our efforts…
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我们不会休息或偏离我们的努力......
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The reality is that every American was sitting in their homes talking to other Americans about this situation.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：现实是，每个美国人都坐在家里与其他美国人谈论这种情况。
It had a huge impact on the way people think.
它对人们的思维方式产生了巨大的影响。
Frank Reynolds (archive): Radio broadcasts by Khomeini and his supporters have now become ugly and violently anti-American.
弗兰克·雷诺兹（档案）：霍梅尼及其支持者的广播现在变得丑陋且暴力反美。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): I’ve just gotten a report that there are maybe 80,000 Iranians demonstrating outside our embassy in a highly emotional state and we are trying as best we can to protect the honor of our country and to protect the lives of our hostages who deserve every protection that we can give them.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我刚刚收到一份报告，大约有 80,000 名伊朗人在我们大使馆外情绪激动地示威，我们正在尽最大努力保护我们国家的荣誉，保护我们人质的生命，他们应该得到我们所能提供的一切保护。
“Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage-Taker (archive): The hostages are in our hands, and we are ready so that in the case of any military intervention, we will destroy them.
人质劫持者“玛丽”·埃布特卡（档案）：人质在我们手中，我们已做好准备，一旦发生任何军事干预，我们将摧毁他们。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I first came to Iran in August of 1967 as a Peace Corps volunteer.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：1967 年 8 月，我作为和平队志愿者首次来到伊朗。
I knew nothing about Iran.
我对伊朗一无所知。
I had to run over to the map and find it.
我不得不跑到地图上找到它。
Archive Narrator (archive): This is the Middle East where three continents join.
档案旁白（档案）：这里是三大洲交汇的中东。
At the hub of this junction is Iran, formerly known as Persia.
这个交汇处的枢纽是伊朗，以前称为波斯。
Iran is a country of contrast.
伊朗是一个对比鲜明的国家。
It is actually a land of great wealth and of great interest.
它实际上是一块富饶而有趣的土地。
In biblical times, a great civilization thrived here and left the marks of its splendor.
在圣经时代，一个伟大的文明在这里蓬勃发展，并留下了辉煌的印记。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I looked forward to going to the Peace Corps.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我期待着去和平队。
It was something about actually finding yourself more than knowing the culture you were going into.
这不仅仅是了解你即将进入的文化，而是真正发现自己。
I was religious as a young child, I went to a Hebrew day school, yeshiva.
我小时候就很虔诚，我去了一所希伯来走读学校，yeshiva。
Ah, kind of traditional.
啊，有点传统。
Maybe two years of excitement out there somewhere doing something might make some difference in people's lives, but maybe most of all my own.
也许两年在某个地方做某事的兴奋可能会给人们的生活带来一些改变，但也许最重要的是我自己的生活。
I think I was thinking that more than anything else.
我想我最想的是这个。
After our three months of studying Farsi and customs of Iran and reading about Iran, I was then sent to Tehran.
经过三个月的波斯语和伊朗习俗的学习以及有关伊朗的阅读之后，我被派往德黑兰。
We flew directly to Tehran from New York.
我们从纽约直接飞往德黑兰。
My job was to teach English at the police academy in Iran.
我的工作是在伊朗警察学院教英语。
I was told by members of the Peace Corps that Jewish kids did very well in Iraq, and I felt to a certain degree there was a certain warmth there that I could see in my own family.
和平队成员告诉我，犹太孩子在伊拉克过得很好，我在某种程度上感觉到那里有一种我在自己的家庭中看到的温暖。
And there was a certain sense of kinship that I felt for Iranians.
我对伊朗人有一种亲切感。
I was trying to learn as much Farsi as possible.
我试图尽可能多地学习波斯语。
Archive Narrator (archive): You listen, then you repeat.
档案旁白（档案）：你听，然后重复。
You listen, then you repeat.
你听，然后重复。
Listen, repeat.
听，重复。
Pasada Ton Cajara.
帕萨达·唐·卡哈拉。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I loved walking into the bazaar.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我喜欢走进集市。
Miles and miles and miles of different stands, all of the same products piled together.
绵延数英里的不同摊位，所有相同的产品都堆在一起。
There I used to experiment with what they call bargain chunasa, the hitting of chins, that’s what it means.
在那里我曾经尝试过他们所谓的讨价还价chunasa，即击打下巴，这就是它的意思。
All this was part and parcel of the life force of of Iran.
所有这一切都是伊朗生命力的重要组成部分。
As a Peace Corps volunteer.
作为和平队志愿者。
I felt, you know, I was, accepted.
我觉得，你知道，我被接受了。
I was really accepted.
我真的被接受了。
Newsreel Narrator (archive): Tehran, the glittering capital of Iran, prepared itself for the coronation day, such as it had never before witnessed, even the magnificence of its mosques was overshadowed by the spectacular preparations that transformed the city into a wonderland of color befitting the greatest day in the life of the Persian monarch.
新闻片旁白（档案）：伊朗光辉灿烂的首都德黑兰，以前所未有的方式为加冕日做好了准备，就连清真寺的宏伟也被壮观的准备工作所掩盖，这些准备工作将这座城市变成了一个色彩缤纷的仙境，与波斯君主一生中最伟大的一天相称。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: During the time I was in Iran, that was the Shah's coronation as a Shahanshah.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我在伊朗期间，那是国王加冕为国王的日子。
He was the king of kings.
他是万王之王。
Newsreel Narrator (archive): After 26 years of steering his country from what he described as a nation of beggars into a thriving and prosperous realm, the shah was ascending the fabled Peacock Throne to crown himself king of kings.
新闻片旁白（档案）：经过 26 年的努力，国王将自己的国家从一个他所描述的乞丐国家带入了繁荣昌盛的国度，如今，国王登上了传说中的孔雀王座，加冕为万王之王。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: When he became king in 1941, he said, I don't want any coronation, his father abdicated, until and when I think I am ready and when the country is ready for it.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：当他 1941 年成为国王时，他说，我不想要任何加冕礼，他的父亲退位了，直到我认为我已经准备好并且国家也准备好了。
By ’67, he said, I am ready.
他说，到 67 年，我已经准备好了。
He was consolidating his power.
他正在巩固自己的权力。
But he was, in fact, a dictator, there's no doubt about it.
但他实际上是一个独裁者，这是毫无疑问的。
I don’t think there was anti-Americanism at that time that was palpable.
我认为当时并没有明显的反美主义。
But I have to tell you that throughout my Peace Corps years, I was able to get enough of a background even then to know what was irking Iranians about the United States.
但我必须告诉你，在我参加和平队的这些年里，即使在那时，我也能获得足够的背景知识，知道是什么让伊朗人对美国感到恼火。
The ’53 coup was talked about in Peace Corps training.
和平队的训练中谈到了 53 年的政变。
The issue of Mossaddegh came up and the idea of knowing more about Mossaddegh was something that always seemed to stir my curiosity about what was going on in Iran.
摩萨台的问题出现了，更多地了解摩萨台的想法似乎总是激起我对伊朗正在发生的事情的好奇心。
Eric Severide (archive): One of the new books about the CIA, Mr. Dulles, makes the claim that in Iran a few years ago, at the time of Mossaddegh, the CIA people spent literally millions of dollars hiring people to riot in the streets and do other things to get rid of Mossaddegh.
埃里克·塞维里德（档案）：杜勒斯先生在一本关于中央情报局的新书中声称，几年前在伊朗，在摩萨台执政期间，中央情报局的人花费了数百万美元雇佣人们在街上发动骚乱，并做其他事情来除掉摩萨台。
Is there anything you can say about that?
对此您有什么想说的吗？
Alan Dulles (archive): Well I can say that the statement that we spent many dollars doing that is utterly false.
艾伦·杜勒斯（档案）：我可以说，我们花了很多美元来做这件事的说法是完全错误的。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I knew about ’53 and the coup that overthrew Mossaddegh, with the help of British MI6 and the American CIA.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我知道 53 年以及在英国军情六处和美国中央情报局帮助下推翻摩萨台的政变。
I knew a lot of people who were in the CIA, or I met people who were involved in organizing it, and some of them became friends of mine at the time of the revolution.
我认识很多中央情报局的人，或者我遇到了参与组织中央情报局的人，其中一些人在革命时期成为了我的朋友。
Garrick Utley (archive): It’s almost 30 years ago.
Garrick Utley（档案）：差不多 30 年前了。
How do you feel about it when you look back?
当你回头看时，你有何感想？
Kermit Roosevelt, CIA Agent (archive): Well, I feel terribly sorry about what has happened in Iran recently, but I don't think it was predictable then.
克米特·罗斯福，中央情报局特工（档案）：嗯，我对伊朗最近发生的事情感到非常遗憾，但我认为当时的情况是不可预测的。
And if I had to do it all over again, I would still do it without without regret.
而如果重来一次，我仍然会毫无遗憾地这么做。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I didn't understand at the time the degree to which Iranians felt that this was really a fundamental turning point.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：当时我不明白伊朗人在多大程度上认为这确实是一个根本性的转折点。
And I think everybody in the White House at the time of the hostage crisis was equally ignorant.
我认为人质危机发生时白宫里的每个人都同样无知。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The most democratic period in postwar Iran was between 1941 and 1953.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：战后伊朗最民主的时期是 1941 年至 1953 年。
Iran was a budding democracy.
伊朗是一个新兴的民主国家。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: Mossaddegh came to power as the embodiment of a popular movement based on two principals: democracy and nationalism.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：摩萨台上台是一场基于民主和民族主义这两个原则的民众运动的体现。
Democracy meant rulers should be elected leaders, and the Shah should just be a symbol of the nation like queen of England and not make political decisions.
民主意味着统治者应该是选举产生的领导人，国王应该像英国女王一样只是国家的象征，而不是做出政治决定。
Nationalism meant, we have to take control of our oil
民族主义意味着我们必须控制我们的石油
Newsreel Narrator (archive): The world's largest oil refinery at Abadan, Iran becomes the center of a major international crisis as Iran's parliament voted unanimously to nationalize a vast oil fields - fields which by lease are owned by the British government.
新闻片旁白（档案）：伊朗阿巴丹世界上最大的炼油厂成为重大国际危机的中心，因为伊朗议会一致投票将大型油田国有化——这些油田通过租赁方式归英国政府所有。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: The British built the biggest oil refinery in the world at Abadan on the Persian Gulf.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：英国人在波斯湾的阿巴丹建造了世界上最大的炼油厂。
It was an immense facility.
这是一个巨大的设施。
It was a classic colonial enclave.
这是一个典型的殖民飞地。
All the British administrators lived in nice houses with trimmed lawns.
所有的英国行政官员都住在漂亮的房子里，房子里草坪修剪得整整齐齐。
There were swimming pools.
有游泳池。
There were restaurants, tennis clubs, all the amenities of home.
那里有餐馆、网球俱乐部，以及所有居家设施。
Meanwhile, Iranians were living in some of the most miserable conditions of any people on Earth.
与此同时，伊朗人的生活条件是地球上最悲惨的。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Iranian workers were living in hovels.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：伊朗工人住在小屋里。
The Brits controlled the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company since 1906, and the Iranian governments were getting mere pittance of profit.
英国人自 1906 年起就控制着英伊石油公司，而伊朗政府只获得微薄的利润。
Mossaddegh wanted Iran to be independent.
摩萨台希望伊朗独立。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: Mossaddegh, with the overwhelming support of the Iranian people, the Iranian political class and both houses of the Iranian parliament, signed a bill nationalizing Iranian oil.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：摩萨台在伊朗人民、伊朗政治阶层和伊朗议会两院的压倒性支持下，签署了一项伊朗石油国有化法案。
In other words, he seized control of an asset that the British considered theirs.
换句话说，他控制了英国人认为属于他们的资产。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: This was the first time that anyone in the Middle East had ever done anything against imperial powers, colonial powers.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：这是中东地区第一次有人对帝国列强、殖民列强采取行动。
Nasrollah Entezam, Iranian Ambassador To United Nations (archive) : For 50 years, the oil resources of my country have been exploited by a foreign company whose profits have gone overseas.
伊朗驻联合国大使纳斯鲁拉·恩特扎姆（档案）：50年来，我国的石油资源一直被外国公司开采，利润流向海外。
The time has now come to put an end to these painful practices and to put Iran's natural resources to use of the well-being and benefit of her own people.
现在是结束这些痛苦做法并将伊朗自然资源用于造福本国人民的时候了。
Lord John Wilmot, British MP (archive): This agreement with the Anglo-Iranian oil company has meant immense benefits for the people of Iran.
英国议员约翰·威尔莫特勋爵（档案）：与英伊石油公司达成的这项协议对伊朗人民来说意味着巨大的利益。
And it's a tragedy really that this thing should have been torn up in the way that it has.
这件事应该像现在这样被撕毁，这确实是一个悲剧。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: The British froze Iranian assets that were being held in British banks.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：英国冻结了英国银行持有的伊朗资产。
They imposed what we would today call economic sanctions on Iran.
他们对伊朗实施了我们今天所说的经济制裁。
At one point, they considered an actual invasion.
他们一度认为这是一次真正的入侵。
British Reporter (archive): I'd like to introduce Mr. and Mrs. Sutcliffe who’ve just flown into London Airport here on the airlift from Abadan.
英国记者（档案）：我想介绍一下刚刚从阿巴丹乘飞机抵达伦敦机场的萨克利夫夫妇。
And how were things there when you left Mr. Sutcliffe?
当你离开萨克利夫先生后，那里的情况怎么样？
Mr. Sutcliffe (archive): Well, they’re not too good.
萨克利夫先生（档案）：嗯，他们不太好。
People are all packing up, packing all their belongings.
人们都在收拾行李，收拾好自己的所有物品。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: The British then took Iran to the world court in The Hague.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：英国随后将伊朗告上海牙国际法庭。
British Barrister (archive): The present actions and threats of the Iranian government may render it impossible to execute a judgment in favor of the United Kingdom.
英国大律师（档案）：伊朗政府目前的行动和威胁可能导致无法执行有利于英国的判决。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: The British then, with all of these measures failing, brought Iran to the U.N.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：在所有这些措施都失败的情况下，英国人将伊朗带到了联合国。
Security Council.
安全理事会。
Britain was in a rising panic.
英国陷入了日益加剧的恐慌之中。
Mohammad Mossaddegh (archive): I am glad to come to the United States to defend to the Security Council the cause of my country.
穆罕默德·摩萨台（档案）：我很高兴来到美国向安理会捍卫我国的事业。
(in French)
（法语）
Stephen Kinzer, Author: When Mossaddegh came to the United Nations in 1951, it was the first time that the leader of a country that was poor, developing and possessed resources that the West was exploiting, ever got to speak to the world on such a stage.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：1951年摩萨台来到联合国时，一个贫穷的发展中国家和拥有西方正在开发的资源的国家的领导人第一次有机会在这样的舞台上向世界发表讲话。
Mohammad Mossaddegh (archive): Speaking (in French)
穆罕默德·摩萨台（档案）：演讲（法语）
Stephen Kinzer, Author: Mossaddegh spoke about the injustice that poor countries feel at having their resources exploited for the benefit of imperial powers and tied his struggle to that of other nations in the world.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：摩萨台谈到了穷国因帝国列强的利益而剥削其资源而感到的不公正，并将他的斗争与世界上其他国家的斗争联系起来。
He went to Philadelphia and he posed alongside the Liberty Bell, he asked to visit Mount Vernon, George Washington's home.
他去了费城，在自由钟旁边合影，他要求参观乔治·华盛顿的故乡弗农山庄。
He was trying to make a point to Americans that they should be on his side because he was only doing what Americans had themselves done several generations earlier.
他试图向美国人表明，他们应该站在他一边，因为他只是在做美国人自己几代人之前做过的事情。
William Bradford Huey (archive): Why are we losing ground in the Middle East?
威廉·布拉德福德·休伊（William Bradford Huey）（档案）：为什么我们在中东节节败退？
Ambassador Henry Grady, U.S. Ambassador To Iran (archive): Because the people of the Middle East feel that we are not sympathetic to their problems.
美国驻伊朗大使亨利·格雷迪大使（档案）：因为中东人民觉得我们不同情他们的问题。
That we are supporting a colonial policy on the part of the British.
我们支持英国的殖民政策。
William Bradford Huey (archive): And when you say we there, you mean the United States?
William Bradford Huey（档案）：当你说我们在那里时，你指的是美国吗？
Ambassador Henry Grady, U.S. Ambassador To Iran (archive) : Yes.
美国驻伊朗大使亨利·格雷迪大使（档案）：是的。
William Bradford Huey (archive): Our own government.
威廉·布拉德福德·休伊（William Bradford Huey）（档案）：我们自己的政府。
Harley Burt (archive): What's the greatest trouble spot in the Middle East?
哈利伯特（档案）：中东最大的麻烦点是什么？
Iran at the moment.
此刻的伊朗。
And I think there are tensions all through the Middle East because of a coming up of nationalism, which I think can be quite legitimate.
我认为，由于民族主义的兴起，整个中东地区都存在紧张局势，我认为这是相当合理的。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: He was, in fact, made Man of the Year by Time magazine.
巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen），美国大使馆新闻专员：事实上，他被《时代》杂志评选为年度人物。
The Truman administration backed him solidly.
杜鲁门政府坚定地支持他。
Because in Truman’s mind, the United States was anti-colonial.
因为在杜鲁门的心目中，美国是反殖民的。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: Truman was sympathetic to the anti-colonial idea.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：杜鲁门同情反殖民思想。
But in the end, people like Mossaddegh, who first of all refused to fully embrace the American cause in the Cold War, and secondly were involved in movements aimed at weakening the power of giant multinational corporations, became enemies of the United States.
但最终，像摩萨台这样的人，首先拒绝完全支持美国在冷战中的事业，其次参与旨在削弱大型跨国公司实力的运动，成为美国的敌人。
Harley Burt (archive): Uh, do you see the trend toward nationalization, this thing that occurred in Iran, spreading through the Middle East.
哈雷·伯特（档案）：呃，你看到国有化的趋势了吗？这件事发生在伊朗，并蔓延到整个中东。
Ambassador Henry Grady, U.S. Ambassador To Iran (archive): I see no indication of this yet, but nationalization, like any other movement, it could spread.
美国驻伊朗大使亨利·格雷迪大使（档案）：我还没有看到任何迹象，但国有化与任何其他运动一样，可能会蔓延。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: It was a period of considerable disillusionment when many of these countries came to realize that the United States was not going to come to their aid and in fact was seeing them as dangerous threats.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：这是一个相当幻灭的时期，其中许多国家开始意识到美国不会向他们提供援助，而且实际上将他们视为危险的威胁。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The CIA, initially at the time of the coup, had basically come to the conclusion that we could change governments in different countries - throwing out one government and putting in another.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：中央情报局最初在政变发生时基本上得出的结论是，我们可以改变不同国家的政府 - 推翻一个政府并建立另一个政府。
That any government in the world was potentially susceptible.
世界上任何政府都有可能受到影响。
Garrick Utley (archive): The planning for your mission occurred as the Truman Administration was ending and the new Eisenhower Administration was coming into office.
加里克·厄特利（档案）：您的任务规划是在杜鲁门政府即将结束、新的艾森豪威尔政府即将上任时制定的。
What did John Foster Dulles and the others tell Truman?
约翰·福斯特·杜勒斯和其他人告诉杜鲁门什么？
Kermit Roosevelt, CIA Agent (archive): They didn't tell him anything.
克米特·罗斯福，中央情报局特工（档案）：他们没有告诉他任何事情。
The planning didn't actually take place until after the election.
该计划直到选举后才真正实施。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: John Foster Dulles, who became his Secretary of State, and his brother, Allen Dulles, head of the CIA, were pushing Eisenhower from the very beginning to realize Mossaddegh as a threat.
史蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：约翰·福斯特·杜勒斯（后来成为艾森豪威尔的国务卿）和他的弟弟艾伦·杜勒斯（中央情报局局长）从一开始就敦促艾森豪威尔认识到摩萨台是一种威胁。
At a National Security Council meeting, Eisenhower asks Dulles to explain why we should be overthrowing this guy who's not a communist.
在国家安全委员会会议上，艾森豪威尔要求杜勒斯解释为什么我们应该推翻这个非共产主义者。
He wonders why we can't do things that make people in poor countries like us instead of hate us.
他想知道为什么我们不能做一些事情让贫穷国家的人们喜欢我们而不是讨厌我们。
But in the end, Eisenhower was persuaded to go along.
但最终，艾森豪威尔被说服同意了。
Eisenhower assigned the CIA to overthrow Mossaddegh, and the person it chose was the Middle East chief of CIA operations, Kermit Roosevelt.
艾森豪威尔指派中央情报局推翻摩萨台，而中央情报局选择的人选是中央情报局中东行动负责人克米特·罗斯福。
Kermit Roosevelt, CIA Agent (archive): I had convinced myself that all you needed to do was to make it clear to the Army and to the people that there was a conflict between Mossaddegh and the Shah.
克米特·罗斯福，中央情报局特工（档案）：我说服自己，你所需要做的就是向军队和人民表明摩萨台和国王之间存在冲突。
And that was what I set myself to do, to dramatize conflict.
这就是我给自己设定的目标：将冲突戏剧化。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: As long as Mossaddegh was in power, the Shah was going to be more of a symbolic figure than someone who exercised real authority.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：只要摩萨台还在掌权，国王就更多地是一个象征性人物，而不是行使真正权威的人。
So the CIA had decided that the outcome of the coup should be we place the Shah back in power.
因此，中央情报局决定，政变的结果应该是我们让国王重新掌权。
He'll be so grateful to us, he'll do everything we want.
他会非常感激我们，他会做我们想做的一切。
Which all turned out to be true.
事实证明这一切都是真的。
The problem was that the Shah was so afraid to get involved that he wouldn't agree to participate in the coup.
问题是国王非常害怕介入，因此他不会同意参与政变。
He was afraid it would fail and then he would have to leave the country.
他担心它会失败，然后他将不得不离开这个国家。
By that time, British and American agents had devised a plan.
当时，英国和美国特工已经制定了计划。
But the coup was orchestrated from inside the American embassy in Tehran.
但政变是美国驻德黑兰大使馆内部策划的。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: Kermit Roosevelt and his CIA crew began bribing Iranian newspaper editors, columnists and publishers.
斯蒂芬·金泽，作者：克米特·罗斯福和他的中央情报局工作人员开始贿赂伊朗报纸编辑、专栏作家和出版商。
They were printing all sorts of scurrilous denunciations of Mossaddegh, all of a sudden.
他们突然刊登了各种对摩萨台的粗俗谴责。
Mossaddegh was a Jew, a communist, a homosexual, a British agent - anything you could imagine that would blacken his reputation.
摩萨台是犹太人、共产主义者、同性恋者、英国特工——任何你能想到的都会玷污他名誉的东西。
The CIA bribed mullahs to give sermons denouncing Mossaddegh.
中央情报局贿赂毛拉，让他们发表布道谴责摩萨台。
One way he could destabilize the government was to show people in Iran that Mossaddegh had lost control of public safety.
他破坏政府稳定的一种方法是向伊朗人民表明摩萨台已经失去了对公共安全的控制。
The capital city was exploding in terror and chaos.
首都陷入了恐怖和混乱之中。
Mossadegh didn’t want to send police out to crush protests because he believed that protest was everybody’s right.
摩萨台不想派警察镇压抗议活动，因为他相信抗议是每个人的权利。
He didn’t understand that these protests were all being fomented by somebody in the basement of the American Embassy.
他不明白这些抗议活动都是美国大使馆地下室里有人煽动的。
People began to think Mossaddegh couldn't control the streets.
人们开始认为摩萨台无法控制街道。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I remembered quite vividly that the Shah had fled to Italy.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：我清楚地记得国王逃到了意大利。
He got cold feet and ran.
他临阵退缩，拔腿就跑。
It looked like the whole coup was falling apart and was not going to work.
看起来整个政变正在崩溃并且不会起作用。
Then within 24 hours, it got turned around and Mossaddegh was overthrown.
24小时之内，事情发生了逆转，摩萨台被推翻。
Newsreel Narrator (Archive): The stay of the Shah of Persia and Queen Soraya in Rome was of short duration.
新闻片旁白（档案）：波斯国王和索拉雅王后在罗马的停留时间很短。
For first reports of Dr. Mossaddegh having won a victory but quickly reversed.
首次报道摩萨台博士取得了胜利，但很快就逆转了。
And from the turmoil of Tehran, news came that the royalist coup had been successful after all.
而从德黑兰的动乱中，传来保皇党政变终于成功的消息。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: Mossaddegh gave himself up soon after the coup.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：摩萨台在政变后不久就自首了。
He was placed on trial.
他受到审判。
At the Shah's order, he was sentenced to home imprisonment from essentially the time of his release from prison in the mid 1950s until his death in 1967.
根据国王的命令，他被判处家庭监禁，从 20 世纪 50 年代中期出狱到 1967 年去世。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: After ’53 in the coup, yes, the Shah had political parties and all that, but they really had no power.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：在 53 年政变之后，是的，国王拥有政党等等，但他们实际上没有权力。
The real power was always in the Shah's hand.
真正的权力始终掌握在国王手中。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: From that point on, the Iranian people felt that the Shah was clearly beholden to the United States and pretty much assumed
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克：从那时起，伊朗人民就觉得国王明显受制于美国，并且几乎被认为是
that anything that the Shah did, he was getting orders from Washington.
国王所做的任何事情，都是来自华盛顿的命令。
Garrick Utley (archive): The Shah once told you, I owe my throne to God, my people, the army, and to you, Kermit Roosevelt.
加里克·厄特利（档案）：国王曾经告诉过你，我把我的王位归功于上帝、我的人民、军队和你，克米特·罗斯福。
Kermit Roosevelt, CIA Agent (archive): Well, he didn't say Kermit Roosevelt.
克米特·罗斯福，中央情报局特工（档案）：嗯，他没有说克米特·罗斯福。
I chose to interpret it as including the British, the United States and me to some extent.
我选择将其解释为在某种程度上包括英国、美国和我。
Garrick Utley (archive): But he said it to you.
Garrick Utley（档案）：但他对你说过。
Kermit Roosevelt, CIA Agent (archive): He said it to me.
克米特·罗斯福，中央情报局特工（档案）：他对我这么说。
Yes.
是的。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: My first visit to Iran had to be about 1959.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我第一次访问伊朗是在 1959 年左右。
I was a very junior naval officer accompanying a delegation of senior military advisors.
我是一名非常初级的海军军官，陪同一个高级军事顾问代表团。
The Shah was, in fact, carrying out reforms which on the surface of them at least looked very attractive.
事实上，国王正在进行改革，至少表面上看起来非常有吸引力。
This was a period in the ‘50s and ‘60s when this whole idea of take off, of countries putting lots of money into development, building institutions, building infrastructure, and then a country got to a certain point and suddenly, magically it would lift off.
这是 50 年代和 60 年代的一个时期，整个起飞的想法是，国家投入大量资金用于发展、建立机构、建设基础设施，然后一个国家到达某个点，突然、神奇地起飞。
I mean, this was very popular stuff in those days.
我的意思是，这在当时是非常流行的东西。
The Shah was doing the kinds of things that Western academics and Western politicians saw as as useful, and so Iran was getting ready for takeoff.
国王正在做西方学者和西方政治家认为有用的事情，因此伊朗正在为起飞做好准备。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The shah was introducing what he called the White Revolution, as opposed to the red revolution, a communist revolution.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：国王正在介绍他所谓的白色革命，而不是红色革命，即共产主义革命。
The White Revolution, it was a revolution from the top.
白色革命，是一场自上而下的革命。
Bernard Kalb (archive): Your Majesty, what are the basic points of your revolution?
伯纳德·卡尔布（档案）：陛下，您革命的基本点是什么？
The Shah (archive): Land reform.
国王（档案）：土地改革。
To fight and combat illiteracy in the country.
打击和消除该国的文盲现象。
And, uh electoral reform.
还有，呃选举改革。
The drive and the move is so tremendous that everybody in this country will have to confine itself to this new society that we are trying to build.
这种动力和行动是如此巨大，以至于这个国家的每个人都必须将自己限制在我们正在努力建设的这个新社会中。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: All these things were very revolutionary in Iran, going against Islamic law, going against the clerical class.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：所有这些事情在伊朗都是非常革命性的，违背伊斯兰法，违背神职人员阶级。
It was an attempt to remake Iran.
这是重塑伊朗的一次尝试。
This meant land reform, parceling out pieces of land.
这意味着土地改革，分割土地。
But what happened is that dirt poor peasants could not really survive with those pieces of land and they were bought up by the wealthier people or Iranian oligarchs.
但实际情况是，赤贫的农民无法真正靠这些土地生存，他们被富裕的人或伊朗寡头收购了。
And people were moving to the cities because of that, what you had was the growth on the periphery of Tehran of tin towns, and the saying in Persian ‘paper cities’ of the poor.
因此，人们正在向城市迁移，德黑兰周边锡镇的增长，以及波斯语中穷人的“纸城市”的说法。
And so you had a lots of dislocation of people.
所以你有很多人的错位。
Stephen Kinzer, Author: It was at this moment that Khomeini emerged in the early 1960s as a protester against the White Revolution.
斯蒂芬·金泽（Stephen Kinzer），作者：正是在这个时刻，霍梅尼在 20 世纪 60 年代初作为反对白色革命的抗议者出现了。
One of the main reasons was resentment at the Shah's servility to the United States.
主要原因之一是对国王屈服于美国的不满。
He was seen as a pillar of Western power who had sold out the interests of Iran in ways that Mossaddegh had refused to do.
他被视为西方权力的支柱，他以摩萨台拒绝的方式出卖了伊朗的利益。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Khomeini made himself out as this Gandhi-like figure.
巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen），美国大使馆新闻专员：霍梅尼把自己塑造成甘地式的人物。
And he started this in 1963 against the United States military.
他从 1963 年开始针对美国军方。
United States military had immunity.
美国军方享有豁免权。
That is, if any American soldier would hurt an Iranian, he would be judged by an American court, not by an Iranian court.
也就是说，如果任何美国士兵伤害伊朗人，他将受到美国法院的审判，而不是伊朗法院的审判。
Khomeini made hay out of that one and accused Americans of controlling the Shah.
霍梅尼利用这一点，指责美国人控制了国王。
All of a sudden, there was this movement afoot and demonstrations against the Shah all over Iran.
突然之间，伊朗各地爆发了反对国王的运动和示威活动。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We started the process after 1953 of building up a security service, the Iranian SAVAK.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我们在 1953 年之后开始了建立安全部门——伊朗 SAVAK 的进程。
The CIA taught the SAVAK how to function.
中央情报局教导萨瓦克如何运作。
And of course the Shah had the military.
当然，国王拥有军队。
So in the uprising in 1963, the Shah cracked down and killed a number of people.
所以在1963年的起义中，国王镇压并杀害了一些人。
And from Washington's perspective, this was confirmation, if you like, that a strong man in place in Iran would take care of the problem.
从华盛顿的角度来看，如果你愿意的话，这证实了伊朗的强人会解决这个问题。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: After his criticism against the Shah, for being so corrupt, the Shah said that he had to leave.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：在批评国王如此腐败之后，国王说他必须离开。
And Ayatollah Khomeini was sent to Iraq.
阿亚图拉霍梅尼被派往伊拉克。
So the idea is we're going to get rid of him forever.
所以我们的想法是我们要永远摆脱他。
The Shah (archive): There are some isolated priests with whom I had to take some strong measures.
国王（档案）：有一些孤立的神父，我不得不对他们采取一些强有力的措施。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: It was a very tumultuous time in Iran in the 1960s.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：20 世纪 60 年代，伊朗经历了一段非常动荡的时期。
But there was also this feeling that Iran was moving out of poverty too.
但也有人认为伊朗也正在摆脱贫困。
There was a sense of movement up, and the Shah felt very secure at that time.
有一种向上的感觉，国王当时感到非常安全。
British Reporter (archive): This is celebration time, and here at Persepolis in the middle of the Iranian desert, it's been decreed that the 25th centenary of the founding of Persia has to be a suitably memorable occasion.
英国记者（档案）：现在是庆祝时刻，在伊朗沙漠中部的波斯波利斯，人们已经决定，波斯建国 25 世纪必须是一个值得纪念的时刻。
For three days, his Imperial Majesty, the Shahenshah Iliama of Iran, will be setting himself back some lavish 15 million pounds or so for what’s obviously going to be one of the most fantastic parties that the world has ever seen.
在为期三天的时间里，伊朗国王沙恩沙赫·伊利亚马陛下将花费大约 1500 万英镑来举办这场显然将是世界上最精彩的派对之一。
And all of it against this Hollywood-type background of 2,500 years of Persian military history.
所有这一切都以好莱坞式的 2500 年波斯军事史为背景。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: I was invited to accompany the Canadian Governor General on his plane to Persepolis.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：我受邀陪同加拿大总督乘坐飞机前往波斯波利斯。
This was this extraordinary 2,500 anniversary of the Persian Empire.
这是波斯帝国成立 2500 周年的非凡纪念日。
It was unprecedented.
这是前所未有的。
It got into the Guinness Book of Records, you know, for the amount of money spent, for the guest list which was, you know, heads of state from around the world, royalty.
它进入了吉尼斯世界纪录，你知道，因为花费的金额，以及来自世界各地的国家元首和皇室成员的宾客名单。
I mean, it was billed as the biggest party in history.
我的意思是，它被宣传为历史上最大的政党。
We had absolutely no idea that so many people, you know, thought this was wrong.
我们完全不知道有这么多人认为这是错误的。
And of course, as we realized later, it probably sowed the seeds of the Shah’s downfall.
当然，正如我们后来意识到的那样，它可能播下了国王垮台的种子。
French Architect (archive): So here we are in the club.
法国建筑师（档案）：所以我们在俱乐部里。
We’ll put a bar here with easy chairs.
我们将在这里设立一个配有安乐椅的酒吧。
You are going to have a piano here to have some smooth music.
这里有一架钢琴，可以演奏一些流畅的音乐。
British Reporter (archive): What about down here?
英国记者（档案）：下面呢？
French Architect (archive): Down here it’s a salon…
法国建筑师（档案）：这里是一个沙龙......
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: They imported French architects and decorators and couturiers to design and build and furnish these tent- like suites.
驻外记者希拉里·布朗：他们聘请了法国建筑师、装饰师和时装设计师来设计、建造和装修这些帐篷式套房。
They flew in 50,000 songbirds from Europe to provide a morning chorus for the illustrious visitors.
他们从欧洲飞来了 50,000 只鸣禽，为杰出的游客提供早晨的合唱。
And all these birds later died.
所有这些鸟后来都死了。
They couldn't take the blistering heat.
他们无法忍受酷热。
And the guests were all heads of state or royalty.
而且来宾都是国家元首或者皇室成员。
There were no ordinary Iranians there at all.
那里根本没有普通伊朗人。
It was just the invited guests, the Shah and the Shahbanu and the press.
只有受邀嘉宾、国王和沙赫巴努以及媒体。
Frank McGee (archive): We may be sitting in on a television first this morning.
弗兰克·麦吉（档案）：今天早上我们可能首先坐在电视上。
Barbara Walters is in Iran, she’s been there all week as a matter of fact.
芭芭拉·沃尔特斯 (Barbara Walters) 在伊朗，事实上她已经在那里呆了一整周了。
And this morning she will bring this all to us via satellite.
今天早上她将通过卫星将这一切带给我们。
Barbara Walters (archive): It’s a blazing hot afternoon, late afternoon, here in Iran.
芭芭拉·沃尔特斯（档案）：在伊朗，这是一个炎热的下午，下午晚些时候。
And the most exciting part of a celebration that was planned 13 years ago is about to begin.
13年前筹划的庆祝活动最激动人心的部分即将开始。
The 5,000 soldiers are going to be marching in their ancient costumes behind us, with their shields and their spears, for what is an event unequaled in world history.
5000名士兵将穿着古装，手持盾牌和长矛，在我们身后行进，这是世界历史上前所未有的事件。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: The event itself, the purpose was really to glorify the Shah.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：活动本身的目的实际上是为了荣耀国王。
Shahanshah, King of Kings, Light of the Aryans, Shadow of the Almighty.
沙罕沙，万王之王，雅利安人之光，全能者之影。
And to celebrate 2,500 years of unbroken rule, which of course was not the case, but that was the illusion.
并庆祝2500年不间断的统治，当然事实并非如此，但那是幻觉。
The banquet had something like seven courses including crayfish mouse and peacock’s tongue stuffed foie gras.
宴会上有小龙虾、孔雀舌酿鹅肝等七道菜。
2,500 bottles of fine wine.
2,500瓶优质葡萄酒。
The banquet took five and a half hours to consume.
整个宴会持续了五个半小时。
The Ayatollah Khomeini described it as the ‘Devil's festival’.
阿亚图拉霍梅尼将其描述为“魔鬼的节日”。
You know there were people in the country weren’t getting enough food to eat.
你知道这个国家有些人没有得到足够的食物。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I remember as a young naval officer in the Pentagon, a whole group of us were brought into a room and were shown this movie that had been prepared as a result of the Shah's huge Persepolis blowout.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：我记得当五角大楼的一名年轻海军军官时，我们一大群人被带进一个房间，观看这部因国王对波斯波利斯的大规模井喷而准备的电影。
Robert Stone: Why was this being shown at the Pentagon?
罗伯特·斯通：为什么要在五角大楼展示这个？
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I have no idea.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克（Gary Sick）：我不知道。
Orsen Welles (archive): In celebration of 2,500 years of nationhood, the Persian people led by their Shah, his Imperial Majesty Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Ayamir, Shahenshah, make homage at the tomb of Cyrus the Great, the first Shah of all.
奥森·威尔斯（档案）：为了庆祝建国 2500 周年，波斯人民在他们的国王穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维、阿亚米尔、沙恩沙陛下的领导下，向第一位国王居鲁士大帝的陵墓致敬。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: So it was all show, it was all show.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：所以这都是作秀，这都是作秀。
And you know there was no opposition to him that he was aware of.
你知道，据他所知，没有人反对他。
The Shah had surrounded himself with sycophants who told him what he wanted to hear.
国王身边都是谄媚者，他们告诉他他想听的话。
The Shah (archive): From me, the Shah of Iran…
国王（档案）：来自我，伊朗国王……
(in Farsi)
（波斯语）
President Nixon (archive): Your Imperial Majesty, as you leave this capital after your visit here, I believe that the relations between Iran and the United States have never been better.
尼克松总统（档案）：陛下，当您访问完此地离开首都时，我相信伊朗和美国之间的关系从未如此好过。
That is due to your leadership.
这要归功于你的领导力。
It's due also to the fact that we feel a special relationship not only to your country, but to you.
这也是因为我们不仅与你们的国家，而且与你们都建立了特殊的关系。
A relationship which in my case goes back many years.
就我而言，这种关系可以追溯到很多年前。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Nixon came into office at a time when the British had just decided to withdraw from the Persian Gulf.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：尼克松上任时，英国刚刚决定从波斯湾撤军。
And this was a big deal because the British actually were responsible for maintaining stability in the Gulf.
这是一件大事，因为英国实际上对维护海湾地区的稳定负有责任。
And so everybody assumed, okay, the British go, the Americans will step in and take over responsibility.
所以每个人都认为，好吧，英国人走了，美国人将介入并接管责任。
The Shah (archive): As you very well mentioned, our relations have never been as good as they are now because they are based on an absolute trust and mutual interests.
国王（档案）：正如您所提到的，我们的关系从未像现在这样好，因为它们建立在绝对信任和共同利益的基础上。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The idea of the Americans stepping in and assuming responsibility for the stability of a whole area that was clearly not an easy one to deal with, at a time when we were fighting a war in Southeast Asia, was sort of unthinkable.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：当我们在东南亚打一场战争时，美国人介入并承担整个地区稳定的责任的想法是不可想象的，这显然不是一件容易处理的事情。
And Nixon really understood that.
尼克松确实明白这一点。
He knew that the American people were just not going to buy it.
他知道美国人民不会买账。
So he and Henry Kissinger came up with the idea of the Twin Pillar Policy, which was that the
于是他和亨利·基辛格提出了“双支柱政策”的想法，即
United States would, in effect, arrange with Iran to protect our interests in the region and take on that responsibility, based on deterring a Soviet move to the Persian Gulf.
实际上，美国将与伊朗做出安排，以保护我们在该地区的利益并承担这一责任，以阻止苏联向波斯湾进军。
So we would cooperate with the Shah to protect American security interests.
因此，我们将与国王合作来保护美国的安全利益。
And the second pillar was Saudi Arabia.
第二个支柱是沙特阿拉伯。
We would cooperate with the Saudis to make sure that oil policy stayed reasonably stable.
我们将与沙特合作，确保石油政策保持相当稳定。
President Nixon (archive): I would say that today American ties with Saudi Arabia have never been stronger and have never more solidly been based than they are now.
尼克松总统（档案）：我想说，今天美国与沙特阿拉伯的关系从未像现在这样牢固、基础牢固。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: So those were our twin pillars in the region.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：这些是我们在该地区的两大支柱。
And that was agreed to by Nixon and Kissinger meeting with the Shah in 1972.
1972 年，尼克松和基辛格与国王会面时同意了这一点。
President Nixon (archive): And we know, Your Majesty, that the talks that I should be privileged to have with you will provide counsel and wisdom also for the cause of peace and progress for all people to which you have dedicated your life and a cause with which we, all the people of the United States, are honored to cooperate with you.
尼克松总统（档案）：陛下，我们知道，我有幸与您进行的会谈也将为您奉献一生的所有人的和平与进步事业提供建议和智慧，也是我们全体美国人民有幸与您合作的事业。
Thank you.
谢谢。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: When Nixon was sitting across the table from the Shah in this meeting, asking the Shah to take on responsibility for American interests in the region, Nixon looked across the table at the Shah and said to him, ‘protect me’.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：当尼克松在这次会议上坐在国王的桌子对面，要求国王为美国在该地区的利益承担责任时，尼克松看着桌子对面的国王，对他说，“保护我”。
This is the President of the United States talking to the Shah of Iran.
这是美国总统与伊朗国王的谈话。
He was protecting us.
他在保护我们。
It was a blank check for military equipment, with the exception of anything to do with nuclear weapons or delivery systems.
这是一张针对军事装备的空白支票，与核武器或运载系统有关的任何东西除外。
Anything else below that, including the highest technology fighters and everything else we produced, our answer would be yes.
低于此的任何其他产品，包括最高技术的战斗机和我们生产的其他所有产品，我们的答案都是肯定的。
Reporter (archive): At every airbase in Iran, fully armed jet fighters wait outside their blast proof hangar's.
记者（档案）：在伊朗的每个空军基地，全副武装的喷气式战斗机都在防爆机库外等候。
These drills go on every day.
这些演习每天都在进行。
Iran sees herself as surrounded by unstable and not so friendly neighbors.
伊朗认为自己的周围都是不稳定且不那么友好的邻国。
And the Shah of Iran sees his massive investment in modern weapons as an absolute necessity.
伊朗国王认为对现代武器的大规模投资是绝对必要的。
The Shah (archive): I think that the reasons are there, loud and clear.
国王（档案）：我认为原因就在那里，响亮而明确。
I'm not taking any chances.
我不会冒险。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: He was the biggest single buyer of American weapons in the world.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：他是世界上美国武器的最大单一买家。
British Reporter (archive): Each of these planes costs around five million dollars.
英国记者（档案）：每架飞机的成本约为500万美元。
While the West seems only too delighted to fuel the Shah's military ambitions, his growing war machine looks absurdly disproportionate to his defense needs, a positive danger to stability in the Gulf.
尽管西方似乎非常乐意助长国王的军事野心，但他日益增长的战争机器似乎与他的国防需求极不相称，这对海湾地区的稳定构成了积极的威胁。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: He was obsessed with military hardware.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：他痴迷于军事硬件。
And he was very smart, he was very knowledgeable.
他非常聪明，知识渊博。
And the White House would back up the Shah and give him whatever he wanted, because that was what we had promised him.
白宫会支持国王并给他任何他想要的东西，因为这是我们向他承诺的。
Reporter (archive): As commander in chief, why is it that you need a fighter-bomber force of 300 planes?
记者（档案）：作为总司令，为什么需要300架飞机的战斗轰炸机部队？
Why do you need 700 helicopters, 1,700 tanks?
为什么需要700架直升机、1700辆坦克？
Where exactly is the threat, the demands of a war machine of this size?
如此规模的战争机器的威胁和需求到底在哪里？
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I basically was hired at the National Security Council because the Shah was spending so much of his wealth on military equipment that everybody was worried all the way up and down the line, and this was up to the level of the White House by this time, that he was creating trouble for himself by not paying enough attention to his domestic constituents.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我基本上是在国家安全委员会受聘的，因为国王在军事装备上花费了太多的财富，以至于每个人都在担心，而这时候已经达到了白宫的层面，他因为没有对国内选民给予足够的关注而给自己制造了麻烦。
The United States had been worried about this from day one.
美国从第一天起就对此感到担忧。
The Shah (archive): I think that we can say very firmly and with absolute certainty that Iran will not only become an industrial nation, but in my assessment in 12 years time enter what we say ‘the era of the Great Civilization’.
国王（档案）：我认为我们可以非常坚定和绝对肯定地说，伊朗不仅将成为一个工业国家，而且根据我的评估，12年后将进入我们所说的“伟大文明时代”。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The Shah desperately wanted the price of oil to go up.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：国王迫切希望石油价格上涨。
He needed the money to carry out his very ambitious development plans.
他需要资金来实施他雄心勃勃的发展计划。
When the massive breakthrough in terms of oil prices took place
当油价出现巨大突破时
in the 70s, he quit taking orders from us entirely.
70年代，他完全不再听从我们的命令。
Suddenly, the Shah was one of the richest people in the world.
突然之间，国王成为世界上最富有的人之一。
He had tremendous resources to work with, and price went sky high.
他有大量的资源可以利用，而且价格也很高。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: He was supposedly our friend, our ally.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：他应该是我们的朋友、我们的盟友。
But at the same time he had his own sense of independence.
但同时他也有自己的独立意识。
“I am the Light of the Aryans, and so why can't I start squeezing the American economy.”
“我是雅利安人之光，所以为什么我不能开始挤压美国经济。”
Mike Wallace (archive): And the huge sums of money piling up with the oil producers?
迈克·华莱士（档案）：石油生产商堆积了巨额资金？
The Shah (archive): Well, it's new to you.
国王（档案）：嗯，这对你来说是新的。
It's maybe a little shock at the beginning, but you are going to get used to it.
一开始可能会有点震惊，但你会习惯的。
Barry Rose, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: In the early 1970s, I remember people were lining up all the time to get gasoline and the prices were going higher and higher and the Shah was part of that process, leading OPEC in raising the prices of oil.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗斯 (Barry Rose)：在 20 世纪 70 年代初，我记得人们一直在排队购买汽油，价格越来越高，国王参与了这一过程，领导欧佩克提高了石油价格。
Reporter (archive): As the fuel shortage continues to grow.
记者（档案）：随着燃料短缺的不断加剧。
the strongest suggestion to come from Capitol Hill is for an all out crash program, like the one to put a man on the moon, as a way to solve the energy crisis.
来自国会山的最强烈建议是实施全面的紧急计划，例如将人类送上月球的计划，作为解决能源危机的一种方式。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: It was a huge shock all at once and completely upset the finances of most countries in the world who had to import their oil.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：这一下子造成了巨大的冲击，彻底扰乱了世界上大多数不得不进口石油的国家的财政状况。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): OPEC members will continue to meet and set oil prices as they see fit.
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：欧佩克成员国将继续开会并按照他们认为合适的方式制定油价。
This will almost certainly mean more expensive gasoline in the United State.
这几乎肯定意味着美国的汽油价格更加昂贵。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: My husband was a BBC correspondent, and he was in 1972, he was asked to open the first BBC bureau in Tehran.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者：我的丈夫是一名 BBC 记者，1972 年，他被要求在德黑兰开设第一个 BBC 分社。
It is a very interesting period for us.
对我们来说，这是一个非常有趣的时期。
We lived there in what we now call the bad old days of the Shah, but in many ways it was a fantastic time.
我们生活在那里，现在被称为沙阿的糟糕旧时光，但从很多方面来说，那是一段美妙的时光。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Hillary Brown, ABC News, Tehran.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：希拉里·布朗，美国广播公司新闻，德黑兰。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: On the surface, the country seemed very, very westernized.
驻外记者希拉里·布朗：从表面上看，这个国家似乎非常非常西化。
Oil revenues went up enormously under the Shah.
在国王统治下，石油收入大幅增加。
Western businessmen were doing business in Iran, and it was said that the Pahlavi's took a 15 percent cut of any contract that was signed in Iran.
西方商人在伊朗做生意，据说巴列维家族从在伊朗签订的任何合同中抽取了 15% 的提成。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: A good deal of corruption started.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：大量腐败行为开始出现。
And the Pahlavi's themselves, that Mohammad Reza Shah was the head of, owned a great deal of real estate.
而以穆罕默德·礼萨·沙为首的巴列维家族本身也拥有大量房地产。
A lot of the oil money started to move in that direction.
许多石油资金开始朝这个方向发展。
There was no accountability at all.
根本没有责任。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: He was certainly a celebrity, and his wife was extremely beautiful.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：他确实是个名人，他的妻子也非常漂亮。
They sparkled, they were very glamorous and that added to their allure.
他们闪闪发光，非常迷人，这增加了他们的吸引力。
You know, the extravagance of the Pahlavi's and their court were well known.
你知道，巴列维家族及其宫廷的铺张浪费是众所周知的。
But the middle class, the Iranian middle class did like him.
但中产阶级，伊朗中产阶级确实喜欢他。
Archive Narrator (archive): Tehran, a waterhole when Persia was mighty, and now the capital of the new Iran.
档案旁白（档案）：德黑兰，波斯强大时的一个水坑，现在是新伊朗的首都。
The tempo here is much the same as in any other city.
这里的节奏与其他城市大致相同。
The traffic just as thick.
交通同样拥挤。
The working population, equally burdened by office hours and the clock.
工作人口同样承受着办公时间和时钟的负担。
The miniskirt is here, with all its consequences.
迷你裙就在这里，也带来了它的所有后果。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: The role of women in Iran in the Shah's Iran was pretty unique.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：在国王统治下的伊朗，女性的角色非常独特。
And the Shah's father, Reza Shah, actually began the sort of emancipation of women when he abolished the veil.
沙阿的父亲礼萨沙在废除面纱时实际上开始了类似的妇女解放运动。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: The Shah’s efforts to emancipate women had actually started with his father, who did it by force.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：国王解放妇女的努力实际上是从他的父亲开始的，他是通过武力做到的。
He tried to liberate women by having his soldiers ride along on their horses and rip their chadors from them.
他试图通过让他的士兵骑着她们的马并从她们身上扯下她们的罩袍来解放她们。
And the women were terrified.
妇女们都很害怕。
That really wasn’t the way to bring Iranian women into the new century.
这确实不是让伊朗妇女进入新世纪的方式。
The Shah did it a different way, what he chose to do was to educate women and give them a possibility to take part in society as educated citizens, as professionals, as lawyers, as doctors.
国王采取了不同的方式，他选择做的是教育妇女，让她们有机会作为受过教育的公民、专业人士、律师、医生参与社会。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: Under the Shah, they introduced equal rights in marriage and divorce, pretty much abolished polygamy, because Iranian men could have four wives if they wished, raised the legal marriage age to, I think, 16 from 13.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：在国王统治下，他们引入了结婚和离婚方面的平等权利，几乎废除了一夫多妻制，因为伊朗男人如果愿意的话可以拥有四个妻子，将法定结婚年龄从 13 岁提高到 16 岁。
They could drive, and they did.
他们可以开车，而且他们确实做到了。
Hold public office, go to university and wear Western dress, which they did with great flair, wear makeup.
担任公职，上大学，穿着西式服装，他们非常有才华，化妆。
And they had the right to vote and they also had rights to abortion.
他们有投票权，也有堕胎权。
So, yes, they were relatively free under the Shah.
所以，是的，他们在国王统治下相对自由。
What was different and strange in the Shah's Iran was the security police and the degree to which people were watched.
国王统治下的伊朗的不同和奇怪之处在于安全警察和人们受到监视的程度。
Reporter (archive): Your Majesty, there's been considerable criticism in certain segments of the foreign press about political repression, censorship, the role of the security police in controlling potential opposition in Iran.
记者（档案）：陛下，外国媒体的某些部分对政治镇压、审查制度以及安全警察在控制伊朗潜在反对派方面的作用提出了相当多的批评。
The Shah (archive): My only answer is that, who cares?
国王（档案）：我唯一的答案是，谁在乎呢？
They can say whatever they want.
他们想说什么就说什么。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: Iran under the Shah was a police state, I mean, a very nasty police state, and with a secret service known as the SAVAK which was everywhere, which was all pervasive.
希拉里·布朗（外国记者）：国王统治下的伊朗是一个警察国家，我的意思是，一个非常肮脏的警察国家，有一个名为“萨瓦克”的特勤机构，它无处不在，无处不在。
There were SAVAK informers absolutely everywhere.
到处都有 SAVAK 线人。
Mike Wallace (archive): Why do you need a SAVAK at all?
Mike Wallace（档案）：为什么你需要 SAVAK？
Why do you need this secret police?
为什么需要这个秘密警察？
The Shah (archive): What?
国王（档案）：什么？
Everybody has.
每个人都有。
Who has who hasn't got a secret police?
谁有谁没有秘密警察？
British Reporter (archive): Filmed secretly, the political prison of Evin, its cells and torture chambers buried underground.
英国记者（档案）：秘密拍摄的埃文政治监狱及其埋在地下的牢房和酷刑室。
One girl was sent there for owning a copy of The Thoughts of Mao Zedong.
一名女孩因拥有一本《毛泽东思想》而被送到那里。
For months, they asked her a single question, “Who gave you the book?”
几个月来，他们问她一个问题：“这本书是谁给你的？”
Anonymous Woman (archive): They started to torture me.
匿名女士（档案）：他们开始折磨我。
They flog and they hang me from a ceiling.
他们鞭打我，把我吊在天花板上。
They shocked with electric shock.
他们触电了。
British Reporter (archive): They hung you from the ceiling?
英国记者（档案）：他们把你吊在天花板上？
Anonymous Woman (archive): Yes, here by the hand, by the writs.
匿名女士（档案）：是的，这里是用手，是令状。
For three months they tortured me about 38 or 40 times, every morning and every afternoon.
三个月来，每天早上、下午他们对我进行了大约38、40次折磨。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: I don't think we really ever understood just how all pervasive and terrifying SAVAK was for ordinary Iranians.
希拉里·布朗（外国记者）：我认为我们从未真正理解过萨瓦克对普通伊朗人来说是多么普遍和可怕。
They lived in a perpetual state of fear and paranoia because there were so many informers.
由于告密者太多，他们永远生活在恐惧和偏执的状态中。
They knew that they could be arrested at any moment just for a single slip of the tongue or a misplaced word.
他们知道，他们随时可能因为一次失言或说错话而被捕。
And part of SAVAK’s role was to elicit criticism, to provoke someone into saying something that could be vaguely critical of the monarchy, for example.
萨瓦克的部分职责是引发批评，例如煽动某人说出一些可能含糊地批评君主制的话。
Then they would be arrested or disappeared or tortured or even executed.
然后他们就会被逮捕、失踪、遭受酷刑，甚至被处决。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: In 1975, when the Shah was at the peak of his powers, ABC thought that, you know, we should go in and do a series of stories on Iran, on pro-Western, pro-American Iran, and they thought that I'd be the person to do it because, you know, I had lived there.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者： 1975 年，当国王处于权力的巅峰时，美国广播公司认为，你知道，我们应该进去制作一系列关于伊朗、亲西方、亲美的伊朗的故事，他们认为我会是这样做的人，因为，你知道，我曾住在那里。
I was then ABC’s first female correspondent.
当时我是美国广播公司的第一位女记者。
So we started off with an interview with the Shah.
因此，我们首先采访了国王。
You know, the Shah had to know about these abuses since nothing was done without his orders.
你知道，国王必须知道这些虐待行为，因为没有他的命令，任何事情都不能做。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Your Majesty, you were speaking of activities in the Gulf, subversion…
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：陛下，您谈到了海湾地区的活动、颠覆……
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: And I began by asking the sort of softball questions about the economy, his ambitions to turn Iran into a great nation.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者：我首先问了一些有关经济的垒球问题，以及他将伊朗变成一个伟大国家的雄心。
And then I sort of switched to the less convenient questions about the arrest of dissidents who have criticized you for your policies.
然后我转向不太方便的问题，即逮捕批评你政策的持不同政见者。
The Shah (archive): But there is no opposition to the regime except those who are the terrorists.
国王（档案）：但是除了恐怖分子之外，没有人反对这个政权。
Yes, we have.
是的，我们有。
We have them.
我们有他们。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): You're saying that there's no opposition.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：你是说没有反对意见。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: And then I moved into the question of human rights.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：然后我开始讨论人权问题。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): I know you've been frequently questioned about allegations of torture practiced by your secret police, and I must ask you this because it does concern Americans.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：我知道你经常被问到有关秘密警察实施酷刑的指控，我必须问你这个问题，因为这确实关系到美国人。
Could I refer to an article in The Sunday Times which describes an instrument of torture called ‘the hot table’, which is said to be used by SAVAK.
我可以参考《星期日泰晤士报》上的一篇文章，其中描述了一种名为“热桌”的酷刑工具，据说是萨瓦克使用的。
And they say that it's an iron frame covered with wire mesh that's electrically heated like a toaster.
他们说这是一个覆盖着金属丝网的铁架，像烤面包机一样通过电加热。
And prisoners would be strapped to the table while it was heated until it became red hot.
囚犯会被绑在桌子上，同时桌子会被加热，直到桌子变红。
Do you have any comment to make on that?
中方对此有何评论？
I mean it’s a terrifying allegation…
我的意思是这是一个可怕的指控......
The Shah (archive): Is it really something that you will ask in a television interview from a responsible man like me?
国王（档案）：这真的是您在电视采访中向像我这样负责任的人提出的问题吗？
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Yes, I think you're precisely the person I should ask about it.
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：是的，我认为你正是我应该询问此事的人。
The Shah (archive): It’s so rubbish that I'm not even going to bother to answer to you.
国王（档案）：这太垃圾了，我什至懒得回答你。
HIlary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): It’s rubbish.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：这是垃圾。
Uh huh.
嗯嗯。
The article also referred to the trial of an engineer who was tried, and the trial was attended by a couple of French lawyers.
文章还提到了一名受审工程师的审判，庭审过程中有几位法国律师旁听。
And they say that this man showed them the scars from such a table.
他们说这个人向他们展示了这张桌子上的伤疤。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Here in Tehran.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：在德黑兰。
The Shah (archive): Where?
国王（档案）：在哪里？
Where were, the scars, where?
伤疤在哪里？
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): On his back and on his chest
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：在他的背上和胸前
The Shah (archive): You can't scratch yourself very easily.
国王（档案）：你不能轻易划伤自己。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): No, the lawyers said…
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：不，律师说……
The Shah (archive): The lawyers.
国王（档案）：律师们。
Which kind of lawyers?
哪类律师？
Really honestly, never heard anything like this.
说实话，从来没有听说过这样的事情。
But you are really exaggerating.
但你确实太夸张了。
This is not serious this kind of interview.
这种采访并不严肃。
I'm not going to answer to you any more.
我不会再回答你了。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Fine.
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：好的。
Well, perhaps we could go on to something else.
好吧，也许我们可以继续做别的事情。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Oh, please Your Majesty.
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：哦，请陛下。
The Shah (archive): I'm finished with you.
国王（档案）：我跟你说完了。
It’s ridiculous.
这太荒谬了。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Don't you think we must ask you this sort of thing?
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：您不认为我们必须问您这样的问题吗？
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Well, can I ask you about your personal sense of mission, which you obviously have
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：嗯，我可以问一下你的个人使命感吗？你显然有这种使命感
The Shah (archive): I'm not going to answer to you anymore.
国王（档案）：我不会再回答你了。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): You are so used to these questions,
外国记者希拉里·布朗（档案）：你已经习惯了这些问题，
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Don’t you think that…
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：你不认为……
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: The Shah then got up, shook my hand and walked out.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：国王随后起身，握了握我的手，然后走了出去。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy:
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：
For the first time in Iranian history a Shah tried to control everything.
在伊朗历史上，国王第一次试图控制一切。
Shahs before him didn’t try to control everything.
在他之前的国王并没有试图控制一切。
They controlled parts of society, but not everything.
他们控制了社会的一部分，但不是一切。
The United States made a deal with Iran, with the Shah explicitly, that we would not interfere in internal politics in Iran.
美国与伊朗达成了一项协议，明确表示我们不会干涉伊朗的内部政治。
And this was an active ingredient in U.S. Iran relations up and until and including Jimmy Carter.
在吉米·卡特之前，这一直是美国与伊朗关系的一个积极因素。
Our destiny was set.
我们的命运已经注定。
We were with the Shah and there was no other way out.
我们和国王在一起，没有其他出路。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: After I came back from the Peace Corps, I was invited through a friend to go to Kennedy Airport to be part of the inaugural ceremony of the new 747 jumbo jet.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我从和平队回来后，通过朋友邀请我前往肯尼迪机场参加新型 747 大型喷气式飞机的首航仪式。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: There was a singles gathering on the 747s when they first came out, and it was at Kennedy Airport.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：747 刚出来的时候，有一个单身人士聚会，地点是在肯尼迪机场。
And as I walked through the plane, Barry, he approached me and said, “is that an Iranian blouse you're wearing?” Sort of set the stage for what our whole life is going to revolve around.
当我走过飞机时，巴里，他走过来对我说：“你穿的是伊朗衬衫吗？”某种程度上为我们一生将围绕的事情奠定了基础。
He was a graduate student at Columbia going for his doctorate in Iranian studies, and I was just a person from Brooklyn.
他是哥伦比亚大学的一名研究生，正在攻读伊朗研究博士学位，而我只是一个来自布鲁克林的人。
And I never met anyone like that and it was very intriguing.
我从来没有遇到过这样的人，这非常有趣。
When we started dating, he spoke a lot about the Peace Corps and how much he loved Iran and what a beautiful country it was.
当我们开始约会时，他谈到了很多关于和平队的事情，以及他有多爱伊朗以及这是一个多么美丽的国家。
And it was just so amazing all of the things that he had done.
他所做的一切真是太令人惊奇了。
Eventually, Barry and I, we got married.
最终，巴里和我结婚了。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I was always interested in that part of the world, but always specifically wanted to get back to Iran.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我一直对世界的那个地区很感兴趣，但总是特别想回到伊朗。
And I wanted Barbara and the kids to feel what I felt about the place.
我想让芭芭拉和孩子们感受到我对这个地方的感受。
The opportunity arose to serve as the press attache at the U.S. embassy in Tehran.
有机会担任美国驻德黑兰大使馆的新闻专员。
And that meant a whole bunch of problems in terms of Barbara’s and my life because I had to train in Washington and she had to move to Brooklyn.
这对芭芭拉和我的生活意味着一大堆问题，因为我必须在华盛顿训练，而她必须搬到布鲁克林。
But I was committed to go back to Iran.
但我决心回到伊朗。
David Brinkley (archive): The Shah of Iran arrived in the US today, coming to Washington tomorrow.
大卫·布林克利（档案）：伊朗国王今天抵达美国，明天抵达华盛顿。
He says if the United States wants a strong ally on the Persian Gulf, it ought to be glad he is building a huge, formidable military machine.
他说，如果美国想要在波斯湾建立一个强大的盟友，它应该很高兴他正在建造一个巨大而强大的军事机器。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: During this time, I said, well, you know, the Shah’s coming, I'd like to see what's going on.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：在这段时间里，我说，好吧，你知道，国王即将到来，我想看看发生了什么事。
Walter Cronkite (archive): Mr. Carter won't be the only one greeting the Shah in Washington.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（档案）：卡特先生不会是唯一一位在华盛顿向国王致意的人。
Iranian Student Leader (archive): Shah is a US puppet!
伊朗学生领袖（档案）：沙阿是美国的傀儡！
Down with the Shah!
打倒国王！
Crowd Of Iranian Students (archive): Shah is a US puppet!
伊朗学生人群（档案）：沙阿是美国的傀儡！
Down with the Shah!
打倒国王！
Iranian Student Leader (archive): Shah is a fascist butcher!
伊朗学生领袖（档案）：沙阿是法西斯屠夫！
Down with the Shah!
打倒国王！
Crowd of Iranian Students (archive): Shah is a fascist butcher!
伊朗学生群（档案）：沙阿是法西斯屠夫！
Down with the Shah!
打倒国王！
Iranian Student Leader (archive): US get out of Iran!
伊朗学生领袖（档案）：美国滚出伊朗！
Crowd of Iranian Students (archive): US get out of Iran!
伊朗学生人群（档案）：美国滚出伊朗！
Iranian Student Leader (archive): US get out of Iran!
伊朗学生领袖（档案）：美国滚出伊朗！
Crowd of Iranian Students (archive): US get out of Iran!
伊朗学生人群（档案）：美国滚出伊朗！
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: When the Shah arrived in Washington, his visit was preceded by days and days of groups of Iranian students across the street from the White House just bombarding us with noise.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：当国王抵达华盛顿时，在他访问之前，白宫街对面的伊朗学生成群地用噪音轰炸我们。
Counter-Protester (archive): Iran is a leader in the fight against communist aggression around the world.
反抗议者（档案）：伊朗是世界各地反对共产主义侵略的领导者。
Reporter (archive): At least five planeloads of pro-Shah demonstrators are arriving in Washington, along with over 400 Iranian military men who are in training here in the United States.
记者（档案）：至少有五架飞机的亲沙阿示威者以及在美国接受训练的 400 多名伊朗军人抵达华盛顿。
Iranian Counter-Protesters (archive): We love the Shah!
伊朗反抗议者（档案）：我们爱国王！
Long live Shah!
沙阿万岁！
Reporter (archive): And there have been ads in major American newspapers in support of the Shah.
记者（档案）：美国各大报纸上都有支持国王的广告。
Just who is paying for all of this is somewhat of a mystery.
谁为这一切买单多少还是个谜。
Iranian Counter-Protesters (archive): Long live Shah!
伊朗反抗议者（档案）：沙阿万岁！
Long live Shah!
沙阿万岁！
Barry Rose, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The Iranian government sent in their own people as a counterweight against these student protesters, students who felt that they had no voice in Iran.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗斯（Barry Rose）：伊朗政府派遣自己的人民来制衡这些学生抗议者，这些学生认为自己在伊朗没有发言权。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The students, of course, wore masks so that SAVAK couldn't identify them and know who to come after.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克（Gary Sick）：当然，学生们都戴着口罩，这样萨瓦克就无法识别他们并知道该追捕谁。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I stood there and I was trying to listen, and then there was this cloud of tear gas.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我站在那里，试图倾听，然后就出现了催泪瓦斯云。
I couldn't really see anything.
我真的什么也看不见。
It was a fiasco.
这是一场惨败。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: They got out of control, and so the police used some tear gas to quell the crowds.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克（Gary Sick）：他们失去了控制，因此警察使用了催泪瓦斯来镇压人群。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): This morning, our nation and its people are indeed honored to have visiting us from Iran His Imperial Majesty and Empress Farah.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：今天上午，我们的国家和人民确实很荣幸地从伊朗陛下和法拉赫皇后来访问我们。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: And that tear gas came wafting over the lawn.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：催泪瓦斯飘过草坪。
Everybody was coughing and sneezing.
每个人都在咳嗽和打喷嚏。
I was in one of the front rows audience and it was my very first experience with tear gas.
我是前排观众之一，这是我第一次接触催泪瓦斯。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Your Imperial Majesty we welcome you to our country.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：陛下，我们欢迎您来到我们的国家。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The Shah was up there trying to make his speech and wiping his eyes.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：国王在上面试图发表讲话，并擦着眼睛。
The Shah (archive): Mr. President, Mrs. Carter…
国王（档案）：总统先生，卡特夫人……
The Shah (archive): Thank you very much for your very warm words of welcome.
国王（档案）：非常感谢您的热情欢迎辞。
Crowd of Iranian Students (archive): Down with the Shah!
一群伊朗学生（档案）：打倒国王！
Down with the Shah!
打倒国王！
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: It was certainly my first acquaintance with the fact that there were a lot of young Iranians who were very, very unhappy with the Shah and his rule.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：这当然是我第一次知道有很多年轻的伊朗人对国王及其统治非常非常不满。
Crowd of Iranian Students (archive): Down with the Shah!
一群伊朗学生（档案）：打倒国王！
Down with the Shah!
打倒国王！
Reporter (archive): For 30 minutes, they fought one another and police, moving back and forth across the Ellipse behind the White House.
记者（档案）：他们与警察发生了30分钟的战斗，在白宫后面的椭圆形区域来回移动。
Iranian Counter-Demonstrator (archive): The Shah should kill them one by one.
伊朗反示威者（档案）：国王应该一一杀死他们。
Reporter (archive): It took police reinforcements and tear gas to end the fighting, but not until more than 80 people have been injured.
记者（档案）：警察增援并使用催泪瓦斯才结束了战斗，但最终造成80多人受伤。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: For me, it was one of the first portents of things are not going right.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：对我来说，这是事情进展不顺利的第一个预兆之一。
This movement within Iran that I kept reading about from early on.
我很早就读到过伊朗境内的这场运动。
But look what happened here in Washington where everybody is protected from what's going on.
但看看华盛顿这里发生的事情，每个人都受到保护，免受正在发生的事情的影响。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: You go through these things.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：你经历过这些事情。
It's not that it didn't register.
并不是说没有注册。
It did register.
它确实注册了。
I mean, this this was a very powerful moment.
我的意思是，这是一个非常强大的时刻。
But it doesn't translate into saying that this ruler is doomed.
但这并不意味着这位统治者注定要失败。
You looked at that group of people clustered across the street from the White House and you put that against a well-oiled regime with lots of soldiers and the like, and it was going to take more than that to bring him down.
你看看聚集在白宫街对面的那群人，你将其与一个拥有大量士兵等的运转良好的政权相对比，要打倒他需要的不仅仅是这些。
Reporter (archive): The Shah told reporters he wasn't bothered by the demonstrations.
记者（档案）：国王告诉记者，他并不为示威活动所困扰。
The Shah (archive): The nature of these demonstrations shows that they are violent.
国王（档案）：这些示威活动的本质表明它们是暴力的。
They are nihilistic.
他们是虚无主义的。
They are working for world disorder.
他们正在为世界秩序而努力。
Terrorism.
恐怖主义。
And we are not a weakling that is going to fall.
我们不是一个即将倒下的弱者。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We met in the Cabinet Room and Carter apologized for this, was clearly embarrassed and aggrieved that this could happen to a guest that was there.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克（Gary Sick）：我们在内阁会议室会面，卡特为此道歉，显然对这种事发生在在场的客人身上感到尴尬和委屈。
They sat down and immediately began talking high policy and military security and across the board.
他们坐下来，立即开始全面讨论高级政策和军事安全。
Reporter (archive): The Shah of Iran said last night that President Carter talked him into changing his position from one of neutrality on keeping oil prices down to a position of activism.
记者（档案）：伊朗国王昨晚表示，卡特总统说服他改变立场，从对压低油价的中立立场转变为激进立场。
Ed Bradley (archive): In a shift from his earlier public pronouncements, the Shah said Iran would fight any efforts to increase the price of oil.
埃德·布拉德利（档案）：与之前的公开声明不同，伊朗国王表示，伊朗将抵制任何提高石油价格的行为。
It's now thought that the Carter administration will seek congressional approval for the Shah’s request for sophisticated military equipment.
现在人们认为卡特政府将寻求国会批准国王对尖端军事装备的要求。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Some have asked why we came to Iran so close behind the delightful visit that we received from the Shah and Empress Farah just a month or so ago.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：有人问，为什么我们在大约一个月前收到国王和法拉赫皇后的愉快访问之后才来到伊朗。
After they left our country, I asked my wife, with whom would you like to spend New Year's Eve?
他们出国后，我问妻子，你想和谁一起过年呢？
And she said, above all others, I think, with the Shah and Empress Farah.
她说，我认为，最重要的是国王和法拉赫皇后。
So we arranged a trip accordingly.
于是我们就相应地安排了行程。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We didn't see any demonstrations in Tehran.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克：我们没有在德黑兰看到任何示威活动。
There were people along the road all the way in, and at no point along the way were we confronted with protesters at all.
一路上都有人进来，一路上我们根本没有遇到抗议者。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Iran, because of the great leadership of the Shah, is an island of stability in one of the more troubled areas of the world.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：由于国王的伟大领导，伊朗成为世界上最动荡地区之一的稳定之岛。
This is a great tribute to you, Your Majesty, and to the respect and the admiration and love which your people give to you., Iwould like to offer a toast, and to the world peace that we hope together we can help to bring.
这是对您陛下的崇高敬意，也是对您的人民对您的尊重、钦佩和爱戴的崇高敬意。我想举杯干杯，并为我们希望共同帮助实现的世界和平干杯。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The Iranian revolution started in January of 1978, within weeks of when Carter was actually in Tehran.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：伊朗革命于 1978 年 1 月开始，距离卡特实际到达德黑兰仅几周时间。
The irony of course was enormous.
讽刺当然是巨大的。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: In January of 1978, the Shah and SAVAK published an article accusing Khomeini of being a British agent, ahomosexual, a lot of things.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：1978 年 1 月，国王和萨瓦克发表了一篇文章，指责霍梅尼是英国特工、同性恋等等。
And there was outrage about this.
人们对此感到愤怒。
It led to these demonstrations.
它导致了这些示威活动。
And a number of people were killed.
并且有不少人被杀。
In Shia Islam, there's a tradition that after a death, you wait for forty days and you have a commemoration.
在伊斯兰教什叶派中，有一个传统，死者死后要等待四十天，然后进行纪念。
There would be another demonstration.
将会有另一场示威。
More people would get killed, and 40 days after that there would be another.
更多的人会被杀，40天后还会有另一人被杀。
Reporter (archive): The government says that the death toll is officially 97.
记者（档案）：政府称官方死亡人数为97人。
The people here at this funeral say it was 10 or 20 times that just in Tehran alone.
参加葬礼的人说，仅在德黑兰，葬礼上的人数就达到了 10 到 20 倍。
G: ary Sick, National Security Council Staff: It was actually this 40-day interval that set off this series of demonstrations that got bigger and bigger as the year went along.
G： ary Sick，国家安全委员会工作人员：实际上正是这40天的间隔引发了这一系列示威活动，随着时间的推移，示威活动规模越来越大。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I was ready to go to Iran with the family early November of 1978.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：1978 年 11 月初，我准备与家人一起前往伊朗。
But I was held back by Washington and told there might be a restriction in bringing families.
但华盛顿阻止了我，并告诉我携带家人可能会受到限制。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: By the time we were ready to go, the revolution started.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：当我们准备出发时，革命开始了。
Families were told not to go, Barry was told not to go.
家人被告知不要去，巴里也被告知不要去。
I think he delayed until almost Thanksgiving and then he was sent.
我想他推迟到快感恩节了才被送去。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: And I said, well, looks like I'm going to have to go without the family.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我说，好吧，看来我将不得不在没有家人陪伴的情况下前往。
But I was duty bound, I needed to go.
但我有责任，我需要走。
By the time I arrived in Iran, Ambassador Sullivan had already started to move American families out.
当我到达伊朗时，沙利文大使已经开始将美国家庭迁出。
Many, many members of corporations and businesses were leaving.
许多公司和企业的成员正在离开。
Peter Jennings (archive): Martial law has been declared in 12 cities, including the capital.
Peter Jennings（档案）：包括首都在内的 12 个城市已宣布戒严。
Just after it was imposed, government troops fired on demonstrators in Tehran.
该法案实施后不久，政府军就向德黑兰的示威者开枪。
They were defying a ban on public protest.
他们无视公众抗议的禁令。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The military had already shot into Iranian crowds, in September of 1979 in Jaleh Square.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：1979 年 9 月，军队已经在贾拉广场向伊朗人群开枪。
Killed many people.
杀了很多人。
Peter Jennings (archive): 58 people were killed and more than 200 wounded in today's bloodshed.
Peter Jennings（档案）：在今天的流血事件中，有 58 人死亡，200 多人受伤。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The situation was becoming somewhat untenable, and no one really knew what was going to happen.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：情况变得有点难以维持，没有人真正知道会发生什么。
My office was about a half a mile away from the embassy.
我的办公室距离大使馆大约半英里。
I would spend time walking around and trying to see what was happening during the revolutionary period, and so I walked one day to the university.
我会花时间到处走走，看看革命时期发生了什么，所以有一天我步行去了大学。
The faculty was having a slideshow on what was happening to the people who had been protesting.
教员们正在播放幻灯片，展示抗议者的遭遇。
Men blown up.
男人们炸了。
Women shot in the head.
妇女头部中弹。
It went on and on.
事情一直持续着。
People were crying in the audience.
人们在观众席上哭泣。
It was nothing fit for children, but children were there with their parents.
这里不适合孩子们，但孩子们和父母在一起。
It knocked me out.
它让我震惊。
It really knocked me out.
这真的让我震惊。
And I remember writing a cable to Washington about this and saying, how can we be here and support the Shah under these circumstances that was so absolutely disgusting?
我记得就此事给华盛顿写了一封电报，并说，在这种绝对令人恶心的情况下，我们怎么能在这里支持国王呢？
Reporter (archive): Millions marched in the streets of Iran protesting the rule of the Shah.
记者（档案）：数百万人在伊朗街头游行，抗议国王的统治。
Violent and bloody clashes escalate between the Shah's militant opposition and his martial law soldiers.
国王的激进反对派和戒严士兵之间的暴力和血腥冲突不断升级。
Oil workers strikes impose nationwide fuel rationing, stop oil exports, and Iran goes to the brink of economic collapse.
石油工人罢工实施全国范围内的燃料配给，停止石油出口，伊朗陷入经济崩溃的边缘。
In each case, the calls for mass protests were issued by this aged man and Iranians eagerly obeyed him.
每次，大规模抗议的呼吁都是由这位老人发出的，伊朗人都热切地服从他。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: I was the producer for the CBC bureau in Paris when Khomeini arrived in France from exile in Iraq.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：霍梅尼从伊拉克流亡抵达法国时，我是加拿大广播公司巴黎分社的制片人。
The Shah had made the mistake of thinking that if he was out of the Middle East, he wouldn't be able to meddle so much in Iranian affairs.
国王错误地认为，如果他离开中东，他就无法如此干涉伊朗事务。
It was a huge mistake because then all of a sudden Khomeini had all of the Western media right at his doorstep.
这是一个巨大的错误，因为霍梅尼突然间把所有西方媒体都放在了他的家门口。
Literally.
字面上地。
Robert McNeil (archive): To protect him from possible assassination, the French police are providing heavy round the clock security.
罗伯特·麦克尼尔（档案）：为了保护他免遭暗杀，法国警方提供全天候严密安保。
Peter Jennings (archive): Khomeini was, by most accounts, a relatively obscure religious teacher until his outspoken opposition to the Shah's modernization program led to his exile in 1963.
彼得·詹宁斯（档案）：大多数人认为，霍梅尼是一位相对默默无闻的宗教导师，直到 1963 年他因直言不讳地反对国王的现代化计划而流亡。
He may hold more power over the fate of Iran than any other single individual.
他可能比任何其他个人对伊朗的命运拥有更大的影响力。
Robert McNeil (archive): What have the Americans done to you that you object to?
罗伯特·麦克尼尔（档案）：美国人对你做了哪些你反对的事情？
Ibrahim Yazdi Translating for Khomeini (archive): The American government, they have committed the biggest crime by imposing on our people the Pahlavi dynasty.
易卜拉欣·亚兹迪（Ibrahim Yazdi）为霍梅尼翻译（档案）：美国政府将巴列维王朝强加给我们的人民，犯下了最大的罪行。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Some of his lieutenants had been calling the Western press in Paris to publicize what they were trying to do in bringing down the Shah and this revolution they were running.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：他的一些副手一直在给巴黎的西方媒体打电话，宣传他们为推翻国王以及他们正在进行的这场革命而试图做的事情。
Reporter (archive): How far must the Shah now go before you're able to call for peace?
记者（档案）：国王现在必须走多远才能呼吁和平？
What must he do?
他必须做什么？
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh translating for Khomeini (archive): He has no place in Iran anymore.
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh 为霍梅尼翻译（档案）：他在伊朗已经没有立足之地了。
He perhaps has become wise and has understood that the sooner he goes it is better for himself and for the Iranian people.
他也许变得明智了，明白他越早离开对他自己和伊朗人民都越好。
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, Aide to Ayatollah Khomeini (archive): Mr. Carter and the other…
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh，阿亚图拉霍梅尼的助手（档案）：卡特先生和其他人……
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: That was my first introduction to the Iranian Revolution and to the people who were running it and especially Ghotbzadeh.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：这是我第一次了解伊朗革命以及领导这场革命的人，尤其是戈布扎德（Ghotbzadeh）。
I first met Sadegh Ghotbzadeh when he came to the CBC bureau to be interviewed by me.
我第一次见到 Sadegh Ghotbzadeh 是在他来 CBC 分社接受我采访时。
We had a relationship in Paris which carried on.
我们在巴黎的关系一直持续着。
I have to confess that I fell for him the minute I met him.
我必须承认，我一见到他就爱上了他。
He was really quite an extraordinary, charismatic and impressive person.
他确实是一个非凡的、有魅力的、令人印象深刻的人。
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, Aide to Ayatollah Khomeini (archive): We want to be free and leave alone to decide for ourselves.
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh，阿亚图拉霍梅尼的助手（档案）：我们想要自由，不要自己做决定。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: And that was the beginning of a long personal relationship I had with him.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：这就是我与他建立长期私人关系的开始。
Being with Sadegh meant I had an understanding at a personal level of what was happening with the different factions and rivalries especially across the moderates who could not get their act together.
和萨德在一起意味着我在个人层面上了解了不同派别和竞争的情况，尤其是那些无法团结起来的温和派。
Ghotbzadeh and Bani Sadr and Ibrahim Yazdi.
Ghotbzadeh、巴尼·萨德尔和易卜拉欣·亚兹迪。
They were the secular leaders of the revolutionary movement who had been working for the revolution for a long, long time in exile.
他们是革命运动的世俗领袖，长期在流亡中为革命工作。
British Reporter (archive): Can you tell us how it could be in Britain's interest to support your cause against the Shah?
英国记者（档案）：您能告诉我们，支持您反对国王的事业对英国有利吗？
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: They realized they weren't going to overthrow someone as powerful as the Shah of Iran without the help of the mosque.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：他们意识到，如果没有清真寺的帮助，他们就无法推翻像伊朗国王这样强大的人。
A lot of them of the moderates were almost willfully blind to what Khomeini really represented because they wanted so badly for this revolution to work.
他们中的许多温和派几乎故意对霍梅尼真正代表的东西视而不见，因为他们非常希望这场革命能够发挥作用。
But they completely underestimated him.
但他们完全低估了他。
John Chancellor (archive): The Ayatollah Khomeini, who says he will establish a new Islamic government, is a tough and prejudiced man.
约翰·总理（档案）：阿亚图拉霍梅尼声称他将建立一个新的伊斯兰政府，他是一个强硬且充满偏见的人。
He has written, “we want a ruler who would cut off the hand of his own son if he steals and would flog and stone his near relative if he fornicates.”
他写道：“我们想要一个统治者，如果他自己的儿子偷窃，他会砍掉他的手；如果他的近亲通奸，他会鞭打和用石头砸死他。”
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: One of Khomeini's main objections to the Shah was his emancipation of women.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：霍梅尼对国王的主要反对意见之一是他解放妇女。
So we women who were reporters really saw from the outset what this man was like.
所以我们这些女记者从一开始就真正看到了这个男人的样子。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The big spark in the revolution came from mullahs distributing Khomeini's cassettes from Paris.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：革命的巨大火花来自毛拉从巴黎分发霍梅尼的磁带。
These hardcore mullahs were willing to oppose the Shah and they had connections with the poorer people, the ones who were trodden upon.
这些铁杆毛拉愿意反对国王，他们与那些被践踏的穷人有联系。
They were going to lift up Iran.
他们要举起伊朗。
The Shah didn't understand that for most of his reign, he destroyed the liberal opposition so devastatingly that there was no opposition but the religious opposition.
国王不明白，在他统治的大部分时间里，他如此毁灭性地摧毁了自由派反对派，以至于除了宗教反对派之外没有反对派。
They are well-organized and they’re there to tell the Shah “You’re gone.
他们组织严密，他们在那里告诉国王“你走了。
You're not going to survive.
你将无法生存。
“
“
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I'm watching everything going on in Iran during this time and relaying what I learned to the President.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：我正在观察这段时间伊朗发生的一切，并将我了解到的情况转达给总统。
And we had this discussion.
我们进行了这样的讨论。
Things aren't looking good, but the reality is the Shah has a 400,000 man army, superbly equipped with everything you could possibly imagine.
事情看起来不太好，但现实是国王拥有一支 40 万人的军队，装备精良，拥有你能想象到的一切。
And the opposition appears to be a bunch of clerics operating out of the mosque, for the most part, unarmed.
反对派似乎是一群在清真寺外活动的神职人员，他们大多手无寸铁。
Oh, well, who would you bet on?
哦，好吧，你会赌谁呢？
President Jimmy Carter (archive): We have confidence in the Shah.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我们对国王充满信心。
We support him and his efforts.
我们支持他和他的努力。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: It seemed clear to me that there was a split amongst the White House, the State Department and people on the ground, that is many of us at the embassy.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：在我看来，白宫、国务院和实地人员（包括我们使馆的许多人）之间存在着分歧。
The Shah of Iran had one of the largest armies in the world.
伊朗国王拥有世界上最大的军队之一。
The officer corps was devoted to the Shah, but most of the soldiers were conscripts from the villages.
军官团忠于国王，但大多数士兵都是来自村庄的应征入伍者。
Two-year service.
服务两年。
These were the ones who were used to fire on their own people.
这些人被用来向自己的人民开枪。
Barbara Walters (archive): Your Majesty, there were reports that your army may be disloyal to you.
芭芭拉·沃尔特斯（档案）：陛下，有报道称您的军队可能对您不忠。
Are you concerned about this?
您担心这个吗？
The Shah (archive): The Army?
国王（档案）：军队？
How could that be possible?
这怎么可能？
Barbara Walters (archive): So the army you feel certain about?
芭芭拉·沃尔特斯（Barbara Walters）（档案）：那么你对这支军队有信心吗？
You feel loyalty?
你感到忠诚吗？
The Shah (archive): If it was so, it would be the end of the country.
国王（档案）：如果是这样，那就是国家的末日。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Ambassador Sullivan was talking about the issue in a long memo, Thinking the Unthinkable, where he outlined the possibility that the Shah may not survive, but that the most important thing was to keep the army intact.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森：沙利文大使在一份长篇备忘录《思考不可想象的事情》中谈到了这个问题，他在其中概述了国王可能无法生存的可能性，但最重要的是保持军队完好无损。
Thinking the unthinkable means we need to keep Iran working with us, even if there's a change in government.
思考不可想象的事情意味着我们需要让伊朗与我们合作，即使政府发生更迭。
Whereas National Security Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski was not in favor of hearing that.
然而国家安全顾问兹比格涅夫·布热津斯基并不赞成听到这一点。
He was thinking about the survivability of the Shah.
他在考虑国王的生存能力。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Brzezinski was an unreconstructed cold warrior, so I think he did see the Iranian revolution in Cold War terms.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：布热津斯基是一个顽固的冷战战士，所以我认为他确实从冷战的角度看待伊朗革命。
He was tough, he was competitive to the nth degree.
他很坚强，很有竞争力。
As an example, he had a picnic for the members of the National Security Council staff and he said, why don't we have a soccer match?
举个例子，他为国家安全委员会工作人员野餐，他说，我们为什么不来一场足球比赛呢？
I was the goalie actually on Brzezinski's side and the game began and what everybody realizes is that everybody else was wearing sneakers and the like.
我实际上是布热津斯基这边的守门员，比赛开始了，每个人都意识到其他人都穿着运动鞋之类的东西。
And Brzezinski had showed up in combat boots.
布热津斯基穿着作战靴出现。
He was not a lovable character.
他不是一个可爱的角色。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We had long conversations about what was going on in Iran and we came to the same conclusion every time.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：我们就伊朗正在发生的事情进行了长时间的对话，每次都得出相同的结论。
Yes, there was trouble, but the Shah had the capacity to deal with it if he chose to do so.
是的，确实有麻烦，但如果国王愿意的话，他有能力解决它。
We misjudged him tremendously.
我们严重误判了他。
The Shah wanted everybody to believe in the image that he created for himself.
国王希望每个人都相信他为自己创造的形象。
He worked hard at that.
他为此付出了很大的努力。
And where we were really wrong in our intelligence analyses is that the Shah was unwilling, deliberately unwilling, to take the kind of severe action that was necessary to stop the revolution.
我们的情报分析中真正错误的地方在于，国王不愿意，故意不愿意采取阻止革命所必需的严厉行动。
Judy Woodruff (archive): There are persistent reports tonight that the Shah of Iran will indeed leave the country, there's an Iranian radio says he will go for medical treatment and relaxation.
朱迪·伍德拉夫（档案）：今晚不断有报道称伊朗国王确实将离开该国，有伊朗电台称他将去接受治疗和放松。
The Shah (archive): It’s been a long time…..
国王（档案）：已经很久了……
(in Farsi, needs translation)
（波斯语，需要翻译）
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: January 16th, 1979.
Barry Rosen，美国大使馆新闻专员：1979 年 1 月 16 日。
He goes to Mehrabad Airport.
他前往梅赫拉巴德机场。
He's met by a member of the military.
他遇到了一名军人。
The officer tries to kiss his feet.
警官试图亲吻他的脚。
And he's given a small little chest of the earth of Iran.
他还得到了伊朗地球的一个小箱子。
That was the last time he ever saw Iran in his lifetime.
那是他一生中最后一次见到伊朗。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The amazing thing is how fast.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：令人惊奇的是速度之快。
Hundreds of years of Iranian history and it's all over in a year.
伊朗数百年的历史，一年之内就结束了。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The entire city of Teheran went wild.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：整个德黑兰市都陷入了疯狂。
Absolutely celebratory.
绝对值得庆祝。
People were just overjoyed.
人们简直欣喜若狂。
Reporter (archive): At the Ayatollahs headquarters outside Paris, the word is that he's going.
记者（档案）：在巴黎郊外的阿亚图拉总部，有消息说他要走了。
Ibrahim Yazdi (archive): Ayatollah has made the following statement on the occasion of his departure.
易卜拉欣·亚兹迪（档案）：阿亚图拉在卸任之际发表了以下声明。
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh translating for Khomeini (archive): Maintenant, apres quatre mois que je reside en France, j’ai quitte ce pays pour servir mon pays.” (Now, after four months of staying in France I am leaving to serve my country.)
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh 翻译霍梅尼（档案）：Maintenant, apres quatre mois que je Residence en France, j’ai quitte ce pays pour servir mon pays。” （现在，在法国呆了四个月后，我要离开法国为我的国家服务。）
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Those of us who were part of the press corps in Paris, we all had the possibility of getting on that plane.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：我们这些巴黎记者团的一员，都有机会登上那架飞机。
And I was one of those who was issued a ticket.
我是被开罚单的人之一。
CBC News Anchor (archive): Sunday morning’s Carole R.
CBC 新闻主播（档案）：周日早上的Carole R.
Jerome is on the Air France 747 with Khomeini.
杰罗姆与霍梅尼一起乘坐法航 747 飞机。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent (archive): It's tempting to try to imagine the feelings of Khomeini right now as he sits up there ahead of us.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）（档案）：当霍梅尼坐在我们前面时，我们很容易想象他现在的感受。
During the weeks we've seen him at his exile headquarters in France, we have never seen him smile or show the slightest sign of emotion.
在我们在法国流亡总部见到他的几周里，我们从未见过他微笑或表现出丝毫情绪的迹象。
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh says he is calm right now.
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh 说他现在很平静。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: There were many, many journalists on that flight.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：那趟航班上有很多很多记者。
This is an historic moment and we felt very fortunate to be on that plane.
这是一个历史性的时刻，我们感到非常幸运能够登上那架飞机。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent (archive): None of us are really very sure of just what awaits him and us down there.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）（档案）：我们谁都不确定那里等待着他和我们的是什么。
We've touched down.
我们已经着陆了。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: When the Ayatollah set foot again in Iran, someone said to him, as he came off the plane actually, “how do you feel now you're back in Iran after so many years in exile?”He said, “nothing”.
驻外记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：当阿亚图拉再次踏上伊朗的土地时，当他真正下飞机时，有人对他说：“流亡多年后回到伊朗，你感觉如何？”他说，“没什么”。
He said he felt nothing.
他说他什么感觉也没有。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I've never seen a crowd that large, and that exuberant, and that in love with someone.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我从未见过如此庞大、如此热情、如此热爱某人的人群。
British Reporter (archive): It's extraordinary how one man can command such adoration, how so many people can believe that this frail old priest holds all the answers to Iran's problems.
英国记者（档案）：一个人能受到如此多的崇拜，真是非同寻常，这么多人相信这位年老体弱的神父掌握了伊朗问题的所有答案。
Ayatollah Khomeini (archive): I will appoint the government with the help and support of this nation since the people have accepted me.
阿亚图拉霍梅尼（档案）：既然人民接受了我，我将在这个国家的帮助和支持下任命政府。
(in Farsi)
（波斯语）
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent (archive): This is a day of victory.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）（档案）：这是胜利的一天。
But there is a grim sullenness here too.
但这里也有一种严峻的阴郁。
It's not over yet.
事情还没有结束。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: There must have been 10 million people there.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：那里肯定有 1000 万人。
And we realized, this is what a revolution looks like.
我们意识到，这就是一场革命。
This is it.
就是这样。
British Reporter (archive): The army, once loyal to the Shah, has now declared itself neutral and the soldiers have been ordered back to their barracks.
英国记者（档案）：曾经效忠国王的军队现在宣布中立，士兵们被命令返回军营。
British Reporter (archive): Army barracks were plundered and guns distributed almost like confetti.
英国记者（档案）：军营遭到掠夺，枪支几乎像五彩纸屑一样分发。
They ransacked police stations and commandeered abandoned tanks.
他们洗劫了警察局并征用了废弃的坦克。
The atmosphere was euphoric.
气氛欢快。
Gunmen were everywhere.
枪手无处不在。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The police force was totally disorganized, really didn't play a part in Iranian society at that time.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：警察部队完全没有组织，在当时的伊朗社会中确实没有发挥作用。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: It was anarchy.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：当时是无政府状态。
They often say if you put five revolutionaries in a jail cell together, they'll emerge with six different points of view.
他们经常说，如果你把五个革命者关在牢房里，他们会提出六种不同的观点。
There were so many factions.
派别太多了。
British Reporter (archive): A mass of people this size may look united and purposeful, but on the ground it's a shifting and volatile coalition of different and sometimes conflicting groups.
英国记者（档案）：如此规模的人群可能看起来团结一致、目标明确，但实际上，这是一个由不同群体、有时甚至是冲突群体组成的不断变化且不稳定的联盟。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: There were first the Muslim students.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：首先是穆斯林学生。
They wanted this Islamic Democratic Republic.
他们想要这个伊斯兰民主共和国。
And Bani Sadir, and Ghotzbadeh and the
还有巴尼·萨迪尔、戈茨巴德和
other moderates had been part of that.
其他温和派也参与其中。
There was the Mujahedeen Khalq, basically Warriors of God who were very far left, fanatical extremists.
有圣战者组织，基本上是上帝的战士，他们是非常左翼的狂热极端分子。
There was the Fedayeen, another Islamist group that was more Marxist.
还有另一个更加马克思主义的伊斯兰组织“敢死队”。
There was the Tudeh, the Moscow- backed Iranian Communist Party.
其中有“人民党”(Tudeh)，即莫斯科支持的伊朗共产党。
And at first you had certain pro-Shah groups.
起初有一些支持国王的团体。
But they just melted away very, very quickly.
但它们很快就消失了。
It was like being a reporter with a camera crew at the French
这就像在法国媒体担任记者和摄影组一样
Revolution.
革命。
It's as though you were there at the guillotine with your camera.
就好像您拿着相机站在断头台上一样。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Most of the executions were televised.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：大多数处决都是通过电视转播的。
Whether it was a former member of SAVAK, whether it was the former prime minister of Iran, Hoveyda, and a large coterie of generals, they were being executed day in and day out by revolutionary courts.
无论是前萨瓦克党成员，还是伊朗前总理霍维达以及一大群将军，他们日复一日地被革命法庭处决。
One of the worst of all was Ayatollah Khalkhali.
其中最糟糕的一位是阿亚图拉哈尔哈利。
He was called the Hanging Judge.
他被称为绞刑法官。
And you knew once you were in front of him, you were a dead man.
你知道，一旦你站在他面前，你就死定了。
Vigilante's, gangster-like guerrilla forces, were all over Tehran.
德黑兰各地都有自卫队的游击队，就像黑帮一样。
There were these battles going on.
这些战斗正在进行中。
And your incidents around the embassy that were becoming very, very tense.
你在大使馆周围发生的事件变得非常非常紧张。
James Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: February 14th, 1979, we were witnessing massive demonstrations.
詹姆斯·罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：1979 年 2 月 14 日，我们目睹了大规模示威活动。
I was a trained intelligence officer settling into the embassy in Tehran.
我是一名训练有素的情报官员，定居在德黑兰大使馆。
There were long throngs of crowds chanting in the street, “Long Live Khomeini”, “Death to the Shah”, though the Shah was already gone, and “Death to America”.
街上有一大群人高呼“霍梅尼万岁”、“国王去死”（尽管国王已经去世）以及“美国去死”。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I was with the ambassador at his desk when all of a sudden, a rocket propelled grenades fly through his window.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我当时正和大使一起坐在办公桌前，突然，一枚火箭推进的手榴弹从他的窗户飞了进来。
Put a hole in the wall about ten feet wide.
在墙上挖一个大约十英尺宽的洞。
James Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: When we were under direct attack, we asked the ambassador, “should we return fire?” He said, “no”.
詹姆斯·罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：当我们受到直接攻击时，我们问大使，“我们应该还击吗？”他说：“不”。
Frank Reynolds (archive): This has been a dark, indeed a devastating day for the United States in Iran.
弗兰克·雷诺兹（档案）：对于美国在伊朗的局势来说，这是黑暗的、甚至是毁灭性的一天。
An embassy seized by an armed mob.
大使馆被武装暴徒占领。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Within moments they were upstairs.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：很快他们就上楼了。
I surrendered the embassy, I said, “We give up.”
我投降了大使馆，我说：“我们投降。”
James Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: And they marched us out into the main parking lot and stood up against the wall.
詹姆斯·罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：他们把我们带到主停车场，靠墙站起来。
It would have been easy for us all to have been shot right there.
我们所有人很容易就在那里被枪杀。
Peter Jennings (archive): It was certainly an interesting Valentine's Day at the American embassy compound, left wing Iranians stormed it, Khomeini's man rescued them
彼得·詹宁斯（档案）：这对美国大使馆大院来说确实是一个有趣的情人节，左翼伊朗人袭击了它，霍梅尼的人救了他们
James Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: A negotiation occurred and we were, quote, free, unquote.
詹姆斯·罗伯茨（James Roberts），美国陆军上校，退役：进行了一次谈判，我们得到了，引用，自由，不引用。
But we still had these Iranian government officials in our midst.
但我们中间仍然有这些伊朗政府官员。
Reporter (archive): The United States embassy here is in the hands of Iran's revolutionary forces.
记者（档案馆）：这里的美国大使馆掌握在伊朗革命势力手中。
The embassy is being guarded by Ayatollah Khomeini's ragtag militiamen.
使馆由阿亚图拉霍梅尼的乌合之众民兵把守。
James Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: That first takeover was absolutely unprecedented.
詹姆斯·罗伯茨（James Roberts），美国陆军上校，退役：第一次接管绝对是史无前例的。
Diplomats are supposed to be off limits to the political vagaries of what's going on in the country where they're assigned.
外交官应该不受其驻在国政治变幻莫测的影响。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Throughout history, embassies represent the place where the interchange of cultures and societies and politics takes place between nations.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：纵观历史，大使馆代表着国家之间文化、社会和政治交流的场所。
It is a sacrosanct area.
这是一个神圣不可侵犯的区域。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Valentine's Day was a warning of what we were up against.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：情人节是对我们所面临的挑战的警告。
Embassies operate on the trust that the government around them will protect them.
大使馆的运作建立在周围政府会保护他们的信任之上。
And if they don't, there's very little that you can actually do.
如果他们不这样做，你实际上能做的就很少了。
You cannot turn the embassy into a fortress and have it defend itself against the whole country.
你不能把大使馆变成一座堡垒，让它保卫自己，对抗整个国家。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Between February 14th and November 4th, 1979, the level of violence was enormous.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：1979 年 2 月 14 日至 11 月 4 日期间，暴力事件非常严重。
It was a maelstrom of insecurity.
这是一个不安全感的漩涡。
Iranian Demonstrators (archive): Magbar America!
伊朗示威者（档案）：马格巴尔美国！
Magbar America!
马格巴尔美国！
(Death to America!
（美国去死吧！
Death to America!)
美国去死吧！）
Reporter (archive): Anti-Americanism, particularly among the leftists, has flourished because of what is perceived by many as President Carter’s too strong and too long support of the Shah
记者（档案）：反美主义，尤其是左翼分子中的反美主义之所以盛行，是因为许多人认为卡特总统对国王的支持过于强烈和长期
Armed Protester (archive): We are not opposite with the American people.
武装抗议者（档案）：我们并不与美国人民对立。
We are opposite with government, American government all over the world.
我们与世界各地的政府、美国政府对立。
We are opposite.
我们是相反的。
And we want to kick out all imperialism.
我们要驱逐一切帝国主义。
We want this country for ourselves.
我们想要这个国家为我们所有。
James Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: I came back to the States and was debriefed by a number of agencies.
詹姆斯·罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：我回到美国，听取了一些机构的汇报。
My advice was we should break our diplomatic relations, close the compound, too big, too visible, too much bad blood.
我的建议是我们应该中断我们的外交关系，关闭这个大院，因为太大了，太明显了，有太多的不和。
I was convinced that our relationship was going to continue to deteriorate.
我确信我们的关系将会继续恶化。
Reporter (archive): There's been a lot of speculation about where the Shah himself and his empress might stay in the United States, and this is one of the places considered very likely.
记者（档案）：关于国王本人和他的皇后可能住在美国的哪里，有很多猜测，这是被认为最有可能的地方之一。
It's the estate of publisher Walter Annenberg in Palm Springs, California.
这是出版商沃尔特·安纳伯格 (Walter Annenberg) 位于加利福尼亚州棕榈泉的庄园。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: When the Shah left Iran, he had requested that he go to the United States.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森：当国王离开伊朗时，他曾要求前往美国。
There was this debate in Washington.
华盛顿曾有过这样的辩论。
The ambassador said it would be a big mistake to do it.
大使表示，这样做将是一个很大的错误。
The decision to accept the shah was rescinded.
接受国王的决定被撤销。
The shah was asked to find another place to go.
国王被要求寻找另一个地方去。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Well, initially, he flew to Egypt and met with Sadat.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：嗯，最初，他飞往埃及并会见了萨达特。
Reporter (archive): This is probably the Shah's first stop on his road to exile.
记者（档案）：这可能是国王流亡之路的第一站。
He invited himself to Egypt, officials said, and President Sadat went along perhaps with some nudging from the U.S.
官员们称，他邀请自己前往埃及，萨达特总统可能是在美国的推动下同意了。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: He then flew on to Morocco.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：然后他飞往摩洛哥。
The king of Morocco was a friend.
摩洛哥国王是我的朋友。
But he way overstayed his welcome and eventually the United States had to come and quietly suggest that maybe he ought to move on.
但他的停留时间太久了，最终美国不得不悄悄地建议他也许应该离开。
He left there and went to the Bahamas.
他离开那里前往巴哈马。
Reporter (archive): Your Majesty, can you say how long you intend to stay here?
记者（档案）：陛下，您能透露一下您打算在这里待多久吗？
The Shah (archive): No, I'm afraid not.
国王（档案）：不，恐怕不是。
But it’s a beautiful place.
但这是一个美丽的地方。
Reporter (archive): Do you expect to settle permanently here, sir?
记者（档案）：先生，您希望永久定居在这里吗？
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: He hadn't told anybody that he was ill.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：他没有告诉任何人他生病了。
He kept that a secret at the risk of his own life.
他冒着生命危险保守了这个秘密。
It was only while he was in exile in Mexico that we discovered that he was apparently dying.
直到他流亡墨西哥时，我们才发现他显然已经快要死了。
And he needed medical treatment urgently.
他迫切需要治疗。
Carter was faced with a situation about bringing the Shah into the country.
卡特面临着将国王带入该国的情况。
And, he called a meeting, Vice President Secretary of the Defense, Secretary of State, etc. One after another, they went around the room telling the president that for political reasons he simply couldn't say no to the Shah.
他召集了一次会议，副总统、国防部长、国务卿等等。他们一个接一个地在房间里走来走去，告诉总统，出于政治原因，他根本无法对国王说不。
And in the end he said, “well OK, I hear what you're a saying.
最后他说：“好吧，我听到你在说什么了。
You’re all unanimous that we should let the Shah come in.
你们一致认为我们应该让国王进来。
But I wonder what you are going to tell me when they take our people hostage in Iran.”
但我想知道当他们在伊朗劫持我们的人民时你会告诉我什么。”
John Chancellor (archive): The Shah of Iran is in a New York City hospital tonight.
约翰·财政大臣（档案）：伊朗国王今晚在纽约市的一家医院。
An American government source in Washington says the deposed Iranian monarch is suffering from cancer and a blocked bile duct.
华盛顿的一位美国政府消息人士称，被废黜的伊朗君主患有癌症和胆管阻塞。
The Shah arrived last night after getting special approval from the US government to be treated at New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, one of the country's best hospitals.
国王在获得美国政府的特别批准后于昨晚抵达美国最好的医院之一纽约医院康奈尔医学中心接受治疗。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: When we heard that the decision was made to permit the Shah to come to the United States, we were astonished.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：当我们听说允许国王访问美国的决定时，我们感到惊讶。
Why did they not listen to us?
他们为什么不听我们的？
Iranian Crowd (archive): Magbar America!
伊朗群众（档案）：马格巴尔美国！
Magrar America!
马格拉美国！
(Death to America!
（美国去死吧！
Death to America!)
美国去死吧！）
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: The families, as well as the people who were in the embassy, always felt that if the Shah was truly a sick person and needed to be admitted to the United States for medical reasons, that was legitimate.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen）：家人以及大使馆里的人一直认为，如果国王确实生病了，并且因医疗原因需要进入美国，那是合法的。
However, we also all felt families, as well as people at the embassy, that they should have been evacuated before the Shah was admitted to the United States.
然而，我们也感到家人以及大使馆的工作人员都认为，他们应该在国王获准进入美国之前就被疏散。
There was no reason to keep the embassy open knowing the threats that had been made against our people.
知道我们的人民受到威胁，没有理由让大使馆继续开放。
John Bierman (archive): It may seem like paranoia to the rest of the world, but from everything the Ayatollah, his followers and the press have been saying, it seems they really do believe that the Shah's sickness is just a cover, and that he's in the United States to plot a counter-revolution with the Americans.
约翰·比尔曼（档案）：对于世界其他人来说，这似乎是偏执狂，但从阿亚图拉、他的追随者和媒体所说的一切来看，他们似乎确实相信国王的病只是一个幌子，他在美国与美国人密谋反革命。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Conspiracy theories within Iran are rampant.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森：伊朗境内的阴谋论十分猖獗。
And they're based in some fact.
它们是基于某些事实的。
They're based on 1953 on the coup against Mossaddegh.
它们以 1953 年针对摩萨台的政变为背景。
Many people were saying this is the United States doing it once again, the CIA will bring the Shah back.
很多人都说这是美国再次搞事情，中央情报局会把国王带回来。
And he will murder us all.
他会谋杀我们所有人。
For those students, Following the Line of the Imam, who were preparing already for something to happen, who already were coalescing and meeting, and they had groups of people organized in different ways, this was a perfect conspiracy.
对于那些遵循伊玛目路线的学生来说，他们已经在为某些事情的发生做好准备，他们已经在联合和聚会，并且他们以不同的方式组织了不同的群体，这是一个完美的阴谋。
Reporter (archive): The embassy is occupied by about 400 students.
记者（档案馆）：使馆内大约有400名学生。
On the outside there are a number…”
外面有一些……”
Reporter (archive): His name is Barry Rose, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: , he’s the Embassy’s press attache….
记者（档案）：他的名字是巴里·罗斯，美国大使馆新闻专员：，他是大使馆的新闻专员……。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I only served in Iran all these many years because I cared so much for a culture and a people who I really admired.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我在伊朗工作了这么多年，因为我非常关心我真正钦佩的文化和人民。
I said to myself, why am I a prisoner.
我对自己说，为什么我是囚犯。
Why isn’t Henry Kissinger?
为什么亨利·基辛格不是？
Why me?
为什么是我？
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: As far as the Iranian people were concerned we were just as guilty as the Shah about anything that happened.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：就伊朗人民而言，我们对所发生的任何事情都和国王一样有罪。
So when Americans asked, “why do they hate us so much?”, which was a reasonable question, it just meant we had very short memories.
因此，当美国人问“为什么他们这么恨我们？”这个问题很合理时，这只意味着我们的记忆力很差。
You didn’t have to go back more than 30 years to figure out why they didn’t like us.
你不必回到 30 多年前就能弄清楚他们为什么不喜欢我们。
Crowd (archive): Death to America!
人群（档案）：美国去死吧！
Death to America!
美国去死吧！
(in Farsi).
（波斯语）。
Reporter (archive): The American embassy in Tehran is in the hands of Muslim students tonight.
记者（档案）：今晚，美国驻德黑兰大使馆落入穆斯林学生手中。
Ed Bradley (archive): They are holding hostages, one report says as many as 100, most of them American.
Ed Bradley（档案）：一份报告称，他们扣押了 100 名人质，其中大多数是美国人。
Ted Koppel (archive): The State Department has set up a special task force
特德·科佩尔（档案）：国务院成立了一个特别工作组
Sam Donaldson (archive): Here in New York.
萨姆·唐纳森（档案）：在纽约。
Iranian students chained themselves to the Statue of Liberty.
伊朗学生将自己锁在自由女神像上。
Australian Reporter (archive): The reaction in New York, whether or not it's a coincidence, has been the occupation of the Statue of Liberty.
澳大利亚记者（档案）：纽约的反应，无论是否巧合，都是占领了自由女神像。
Reporter (archive): The demonstrators draped a banner demanding the United States return the Shah to Iran.
记者（档案）：示威者打着横幅，要求美国将国王归还伊朗。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: My mother in law, she would keep the radio on all night.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：我的岳母，她会让收音机整夜开着。
And it was the first thing that she heard.
这是她听到的第一件事。
Sam Donaldson (archive): Latest reports say as many as 90 Americans may be involved, others say as few as 35.
Sam Donaldson（档案）：最新报告称，可能有多达 90 名美国人参与其中，也有人说只有 35 名美国人参与其中。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: We hadn't had any calls from the State Department.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：我们没有接到国务院的任何电话。
It just came across as a news report.
它只是作为新闻报道出现的。
And the government would not release the names of any of the people being held.
政府也不会公布任何被关押者的姓名。
Reporter (archive ): At a news conference inside the compound we were shown photographs taken yesterday of U.S. marine guards at the embassy after they were taken prisoner and blindfolded by their captors.
记者（档案）：在大使馆内举行的新闻发布会上，我们看到了昨天在大使馆内拍摄的美国海军陆战队警卫被俘虏并蒙住眼睛后的照片。
Outside the compound, “Give us the Shah!" they cried, and we will free the Americans.
在大院外，“给我们国王！”他们喊道，我们将解放美国人。
Reporter (archive): The U.S. does not have a great number of options in dealing with what is a very sensitive situation in which there is no central authority.
记者（档案）：在处理没有中央权威的非常敏感的局势时，美国没有太多选择。
But one thing is certain, there will be no bowing to the mob's demand for the return of the Shah.
但有一件事是肯定的，暴徒们不会屈服于沙阿回归的要求。
Hodding Carter (archive): In answer to the question, are we considering handing him over or are there any plans to do so or to meet that demand?
霍丁·卡特（档案）：在回答这个问题时，我们是否正在考虑移交他，或者是否有任何计划这样做或满足这一要求？
The answer is no.
答案是否定的。
Reporter (archive): Your Highness, could I talk to you for just a moment?
记者（档案）：殿下，我可以和您聊一会儿吗？
How is your husband?
你的丈夫好吗？
Queen Farah (archive): He's fine.
法拉王后（档案）：他很好。
Thank you.
谢谢。
Reporter (archive): Because of what's happened in Iran, would you consider going to another country for treatment?
记者（档案）：由于伊朗发生的事情，您会考虑去其他国家接受治疗吗？
American Protesters (archive): Burn!
美国抗议者（档案）：烧吧！
Burn!
烧伤！
Burn!
烧伤！
American Student (archive): They invaded a sacred part - the embassy.
美国学生（档案）：他们入侵了一个神圣的地方——大使馆。
An embassy is a sacred part of any nation.
大使馆是任何国家的神圣组成部分。
That's what they invaded.
这就是他们入侵的地方。
The Ayatollah is condoning this.
阿亚图拉对此表示纵容。
And we want him!
我们想要他！
American Protesters (archive): Fuck the Ayatollah!
美国抗议者（档案）：操阿亚图拉！
Fuck the Ayatollah!
去他妈的阿亚图拉！
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: There was demonstrations in the United States against Iran.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：美国发生了针对伊朗的示威活动。
Americans were very angry, and rightly so.
美国人非常愤怒，这是理所当然的。
American Protesters (archive): Go home!
美国抗议者（档案）：回家吧！
Go home!
回家吧！
Go home!
回家吧！
Reporter (archive): Despite a police ban, up to a thousand Iranian and anti-Iranian demonstrators massed in Beverly Hills, the Iranians outnumbered
记者（档案）：尽管有警方禁令，仍有多达千名伊朗人和反伊朗示威者聚集在比佛利山庄，伊朗人人数超过
and targets of violence.
和暴力目标。
There is little sympathy for Iranian students supporting the takeover.
支持接管的伊朗学生几乎没有同情心。
John Johnson (archive): Given the fact that most of the Iranian students here in the United States are receiving the benefits of an American education and at the same time supporting your student counterparts in Iran who are holding Americans hostages, the American public has begun to ask, should you be allowed to stay in the country?
约翰·约翰逊（档案）：考虑到大多数在美国的伊朗学生正在接受美国教育，同时支持扣押美国人质的伊朗学生，美国公众已经开始问，是否应该允许你留在这个国家？
American Protester (archive): I think the Iranians, if they don't like our government and they don't like our system, I think they need to go back to Iran.
美国抗议者（档案）：我认为伊朗人，如果他们不喜欢我们的政府，也不喜欢我们的制度，我认为他们需要回到伊朗。
American Protester (archive): We’re sick of being stomped on!
美国抗议者（档案）：我们厌倦了被践踏！
We’re not gonna take it anymore!
我们不会再忍受了！
We’re sick of it!
我们受够了！
America!
美国！
America!
美国！
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: 1979 was a time in American history when we weren't feeling very good about ourselves.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：1979 年是美国历史上我们自我感觉不太好的时期。
The Vietnam War had ended in a terrible evacuation of our people from the embassy.
越南战争以我们的人员从大使馆可怕的撤离而结束。
I remember the images of people clawing to get on the last helicopters going out.
我记得人们奋力爬上最后一架起飞的直升机的画面。
The economy was not doing very well.
经济表现不太好。
Everything in the country was like negative, negative.
这个国家的一切都像是消极的、消极的。
Reporter (archive): A gasoline shortage led to violence over the weekend in Levittown, Pennsylvania, just outside Philadelphia
记者（档案）：汽油短缺导致费城郊外宾夕法尼亚州莱维敦周末发生暴力事件
David Brinkley (archive): A new study shows the American people spend one fourth of their entire personal income on buying and operating cars and trucks.
大卫·布林克利（档案）：一项新的研究表明，美国人将其个人收入的四分之一用于购买和运营汽车和卡车。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): It is a crisis of confidence.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：这是一场信任危机。
It is a crisis that strikes at the very heart and soul and spirit of our national will.
这是一场冲击我们国家意志的核心、灵魂和精神的危机。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: America had just been battered from one side to another.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：美国刚刚从一侧到另一侧遭受重创。
We have another oil crisis so that basically people are waiting at the pumps.
我们又遇到了一场石油危机，所以基本上人们都在加油站等待。
The economy was tanking.
经济正在衰退。
Everything seemed to be going wrong at the same time.
一切似乎同时都出了问题。
And this simply added to that sense.
这只是增加了这种感觉。
Reporter (archive): Any encouraging news from Iran Mr. President?
记者（档案）：总统先生，伊朗有什么令人鼓舞的消息吗？
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Yes, I’m afraid so.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：是的，恐怕是的。
Reporter (archive): President Carter's special two man diplomatic mission to Iran remains stalled in Turkey.
记者（档案）：卡特总统派往伊朗的两人特别外交使团在土耳其仍处于停滞状态。
Reporter (archive): The spokesman tried to counter a spreading bleak impression that all diplomatic trails have led to a dead end.
记者（档案）：发言人试图反驳一种正在蔓延的“所有外交道路都进入死胡同”的悲观印象。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: The America who you know of John F.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：你所认识的约翰·肯尼迪的美国
Kennedy could go to the Moon, all of a sudden we can't do anything right and here’s our people being held hostage in Iran.
肯尼迪可以登上月球，突然之间我们就无法做任何正确的事情，而我们的人民在伊朗被扣为人质。
And again, we can't do anything.
再说一遍，我们无能为力。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: Initially, it wasn't easy for anybody to get into Iran in the first few days after the seizure of the hostages.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：最初，在人质被劫持后的头几天里，任何人想要进入伊朗都不容易。
But then the Ayatollah and his supporters realized that this was a wonderful way to get the world's attention.
但后来阿亚图拉和他的支持者意识到这是引起世界关注的绝佳方式。
And a wonderful platform for their anti-American message was to let the press in.
他们的反美信息的一个绝佳平台就是让媒体介入。
So then the press corps came in in droves and I was among those people who were allowed in.
然后记者团成群结队地进来，我也是被允许进入的人之一。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent (archive): At the embassy today, the reaction to the U.N.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者（档案）：今天在大使馆，人们对联合国的反应。
resolution…
分辨率…
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: What made it riveting was that they had been able to do this, that they've been able to seize American diplomats and, you know and the odd marine, and hold them hostage inside the American embassy, which they had occupied, 3000 of them apparently, in total defiance of international law.
希拉里·布朗（外国记者）：最引人入胜的是，他们能够做到这一点，他们能够抓住美国外交官和奇怪的海军陆战队员，并将他们扣留在美国大使馆内作为人质，他们占领了美国大使馆，显然有 3000 人，这是完全无视国际法的行为。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: I received a phone call one morning in my hotel room.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：一天早上，我在酒店房间接到一个电话。
It was this voice saying this is the student followers of the imams line.
正是这个声音说这是伊玛目系的学生追随者。
We are calling you from the Nest of Spies to tell you to be here at nine o'clock because we have revelations to make.
我们从间谍之巢给你打电话，告诉你九点钟到这里，因为我们要揭露真相。
It was rather haunting to know that the American hostages were right there within shouting distance, but we could do nothing for them.
令人难以忘怀的是，美国人质就在喊叫的距离之内，但我们却无能为力。
We were taken in to one of the marine guard huts, I believe it was, where the students would hold their press conferences.
我们被带到一间海军陆战队小屋，我相信那是学生们举行新闻发布会的地方。
Student Hostage Taker (archive): The main reason of our occupation in United States embassy is to attack to America and its actions and the expulsion of Shah from America.
学生人质劫持者（档案）：我们占领美国大使馆的主要原因是攻击美国及其行动以及将沙阿驱逐出美国。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: They were very naive if they thought that the United States could just hand the Shah over.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：如果他们认为美国可以交出国王，那就太天真了。
Student Hostage Taker (archive): If the America doesn't answer to our demand we will never release the hostages and we will never release the embassy.
学生人质劫持者（档案）：如果美国不满足我们的要求，我们将永远不会释放人质，我们永远不会释放大使馆。
In case if United States decide to do something to release these hostages, you must be sure that they will definitely be killed.
如果美国决定采取行动释放这些人质，你必须确定他们肯定会被杀死。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: I'm not even sure they fully understood that seizing the embassy was an act of war.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：我什至不确定他们是否完全理解占领大使馆是一种战争行为。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: As far as we knew, everybody in the embassy had been taken.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：据我们所知，大使馆里的每个人都已被带走。
For the first 72 hours it was basically just what we could get from our intelligence sources, which of course was limited.
在最初的 72 小时里，我们基本上只能从情报来源获得信息，当然情报来源是有限的。
Reporter (archive): At the State Department, a special working group was on duty around the clock trying to monitor developments in Iran.
记者（档案）：在国务院，一个特别工作组正在全天候值班，试图监测伊朗的事态发展。
But there's a tremendous sense of frustration…
但有一种巨大的挫败感……
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We had a report from the Iranians actually covering the event, that the son of Ayatollah Khomeini came to the embassy and climbed over the wall, lost his turban, and then got in and announced the Iranian government was fully behind the people who took the hostages.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克：我们收到了伊朗人的一份实际报道事件的报道，阿亚图拉霍梅尼的儿子来到大使馆，翻过墙，丢掉了头巾，然后进去宣布伊朗政府完全支持劫持人质的人。
And at that point, it was very clear that until Khomeini changed his mind or decided to do something
那时，很明显，直到霍梅尼改变主意或决定做某事
differently, that the people were there to stay.
不同的是，人们会留下来。
People in the West don’t appreciate just how shocking this was not just to us, but even to people in Iran.
西方人没有意识到这不仅对我们，甚至对伊朗人民来说是多么令人震惊。
Australian Reporter (archive): Well here in Washington, there's a real sense of humiliation and depression, and I think above all, helplessness.
澳大利亚记者（档案）：在华盛顿这里，有一种真正的羞辱和沮丧感，我认为最重要的是无助感。
The president has no intention of handing over the Shah.
总统无意交出国王。
I think that the bottom line may be that the only hope for a solution here is that the Ayatollah, that he may come around to reason…
我认为底线可能是，解决问题的唯一希望是阿亚图拉，他可能会回心转意……
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: At that point we realized that this was going to be a marathon, not a sprint.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：那时我们意识到这将是一场马拉松，而不是短跑。
I told my family that basically they had lost me until this was over.
我告诉我的家人，在这一切结束之前，他们基本上已经失去了我。
You were basically dedicating yourself to something.
你基本上把自己奉献给了某件事。
I actually felt like it was sort of taking religious orders.
我实际上觉得这有点像接受宗教命令。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): The actions of Iranian leaders and the radicals who invaded our embassy were completely unjustified.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：伊朗领导人和入侵我们大使馆的激进分子的行为是完全没有道理的。
They and all others must know that the United States of America will not yield to international terrorism or to blackmail.
他们和所有其他人都必须知道，美利坚合众国不会屈服于国际恐怖主义或勒索。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: There were a number of terrorist incidents in the mid to late 70s.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：20世纪70年代中后期发生了多起恐怖事件。
Reporter (archive): Six guerrillas stormed the OPEC offices with a barrage of submachine gun fire just before noon today.
记者（档案）：今天中午之前，六名游击队员用冲锋枪袭击了欧佩克办公室。
Three men were killed.
三名男子被杀。
The terrorist issued a host of…..
恐怖分子发出了一系列......
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: Hostage taking it became a cottage industry.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：劫持人质变成了家庭手工业。
Walter Cronkite (archive): Waiting in the sweltering heat of a metal aircraft, hostages are the 20th century equivalent of the Barbary pirates.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（Walter Cronkite）（档案）：在金属飞机的闷热天气中等待的人质就像 20 世纪的巴巴里海盗。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: There was the hijacking of a Lufthansa aircraft that went to Mogadishu.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退休：一架飞往摩加迪沙的汉莎航空飞机遭到劫持。
There was the Munich Olympics hostage-taking and disastrous results there.
慕尼黑奥运会上发生了劫持人质事件，并造成了灾难性的后果。
Reporter (archive): Five Arab commandos carrying submachine guns climbed the Olympic compound fence, broke into the Israeli team's quarters, shot and killed two Israelis and held nine others hostages all day and into the night.
记者（档案）：五名携带冲锋枪的阿拉伯突击队翻越奥运大院围栏，闯入以色列队宿舍，射杀两名以色列人，并扣押另外九人质，从白天一直持续到深夜。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: So there was definitely a whole series of events that attracted military professionals because these events began to create that demand among Western governments for the building of a specialized hostage rescue forces.
罗伯茨上校，美国陆军，退役：因此，肯定有一系列事件吸引了军事专业人士，因为这些事件开始在西方政府中产生建立专门的人质救援部队的需求。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The idea of a rescue mission was discussed within hours after the taking of the hostages.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：在人质被劫持后数小时内就讨论了救援任务的想法。
I was not involved in that planning process, but I was aware that it was was going on.
我没有参与该计划过程，但我知道它正在发生。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: Military planning began right away.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：军事规划立即开始。
I was called, I think within the first three or four days.
我想是在最初的三四天内，我就接到了电话。
They were looking for people who spoke Farsi, who knew the embassy, folks who would be able to help get an assault force that deep inside Iran and that deep inside a city of six million people without being discovered.
他们正在寻找会说波斯语、了解大使馆的人，以及能够帮助一支突击部队深入伊朗境内、深入这座拥有六百万人口的城市而不被发现的人。
The next day, I flew to Washington.
第二天，我飞往华盛顿。
I told the guy that picked me up, ‘I can tell you right now you can count me in.’
我告诉接我的人，“我现在可以告诉你，你可以算我一个。”
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff pulled together a small group of planners in the Pentagon.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退休：参谋长联席会议主席在五角大楼召集了一小群规划人员。
They put a new cipher lock on the door.
他们在门上装了一把新的密码锁。
They shut it off from everybody else.
他们将其与其他人隔绝。
But the planning started immediately.
但计划立即开始。
The control of the number of people exposed was draconian.
对暴露人数的控制非常严格。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: In the beginning, I assumed the United States Air Force was going to come in and maybe bomb Abadan, make it incrementally difficult for Iran to export anything.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：一开始，我以为美国空军会介入并可能轰炸阿巴丹，使伊朗出口任何东西变得越来越困难。
And maybe that would stop them.
也许这会阻止他们。
But again, the question would be, would they take it out on us?
但问题又来了，他们会拿我们出气吗？
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (archive): The CIA had various agents as embassy personnel to each of whom a cover was assigned so that the true nature of his job would not be exposed.
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：中央情报局有多名特工担任大使馆人员，每个人都被分配了一个掩护，以免其工作的真实性质暴露。
Frank Reynolds (archive): In one respect, at least the Iranians have succeeded, you might say, because they have forced themselves into the consciousness of this country.
弗兰克·雷诺兹（档案）：你可能会说，至少在一方面，伊朗人已经成功了，因为他们迫使自己进入了这个国家的意识中。
And they have made it very difficult, if not impossible, for the highest officials of this government to deal with anything else.
他们让本届政府的最高官员处理其他事情变得非常困难，甚至不可能。
TV Announcer (archive): This is an ABC News Special.
电视播音员（档案）：这是 ABC 新闻特别节目。
The Iran Crisis.
伊朗危机。
America Held Hostage.
美国被扣为人质。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: This was the story of the year.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：这是今年的故事。
And it was the only story of the year in many respects because it just kept coming at you day after day.
从很多方面来说，这都是今年唯一的故事，因为它日复一日地不断向你袭来。
And that has effected us ever since.
从那时起，这一直影响着我们。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: It led to huge audience ratings.
驻外记者希拉里·布朗：收视率很高。
The appetite that the American viewing audience has for news was kind of discovered with this story.
美国观众对新闻的兴趣在某种程度上是从这个故事中发现的。
Frank Reynolds (archive): It’s Saturday morning there and we are going to switch live to Tehran…
弗兰克·雷诺兹（档案）：现在是星期六早上，我们将把直播切换到德黑兰……
Peter Jennings (archive): Iranians are well aware that these demonstrations are being seen in American living rooms.
彼得·詹宁斯（档案）：伊朗人很清楚，这些示威活动正在美国的客厅里上演。
Some of them actually believe they will convince Americans to see the Shah and the embassy occupation as they Iranians see it.
他们中的一些人实际上相信他们会说服美国人以伊朗人的方式看待国王和大使馆的占领。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The long and the short of it is that terrorism is theater.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：总而言之，恐怖主义就是一场戏剧。
It's political theater.
这是政治戏剧。
You're drawn to the events like bugs to a light.
你会被这些事件所吸引，就像虫子被光所吸引一样。
We watched every inch of footage of the guards, of the people around the embassy, of their demeanor, of their military training, of how they were holding their weapons, of where their guard posts were, trying to get an ever more accurate picture of the situation around the embassy walls as well as any pictures that we could get from inside the embassy.
我们观看了警卫的每一寸镜头，观看了使馆周围的人，观看了他们的举止，观看了他们的军事训练，观看了他们如何拿着武器，观看了岗哨的位置，试图更加准确地了解使馆围墙周围的情况以及我们可以从使馆内部获得的任何照片。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: The students became quite sophisticated in bringing in media people, bringing in officials.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：学生们在引进媒体人士和官员方面变得相当老练。
They would say, ‘ok I want your room cleaned up and you sit down there and smile.
他们会说，‘好吧，我希望你的房间打扫干净，然后你坐在那里微笑。
And we will do stills and have videographers coming in.
我们会制作剧照并请摄像师参与。
The Iranians were trying to make a point that we were treated well.
伊朗人试图表明我们受到了良好的对待。
And there were posters all over about what America had done to Iran.
到处都是关于美国对伊朗所做的事情的海报。
It was just everywhere.
它无处不在。
They knew that they were the center of all the news that could be used by the government and by foreign press.
他们知道他们是政府和外国媒体可以利用的所有新闻的中心。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: As time goes on I also became very angry that there were American reporters who were standing outside the embassy giving them a platform in the United States.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：随着时间的推移，我也对站在使馆外为他们在美国提供平台的美国记者感到非常愤怒。
We shouldn’t have been there.
我们不应该在那里。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: Yeah.
外国记者希拉里·布朗：是的。
Of course, we realized that we were being played.
当然，我们意识到我们被玩弄了。
Yes.
是的。
We were providing a daily platform for them, for their anti- American grievances.
我们每天为他们提供一个表达反美不满的平台。
There is a kind of symbiotic relationship between the hostage-takers and the press.
劫持者和媒体之间存在着一种共生关系。
It worked both ways, I suppose, in that sense.
我想，从这个意义上来说，它是双向的。
But we had to cover this.
但我们必须涵盖这一点。
Student Hostage Takers sung in Farsi(archive): Khomeini you are the Imam
学生劫持者用波斯语演唱（档案）：霍梅尼，你是伊玛目
You are the one who has sacrificed his life for the cause Human salvation is your motto
你是那个为了人类拯救事业而牺牲生命的人，这是你的座右铭
Dying for righteousness is your glory It is you, the guardian of God
为正义而死是你的荣耀 是你，上帝的守护者
Student Hostage Taker (archive): I ask them to introduce themselves.
学生人质劫持者（档案）：我请他们自我介绍一下。
William Quarrels (archive): My name is Sergeant William Quarrels, United States Marine Corps.
威廉·夸尔斯（档案）：我是美国海军陆战队的威廉·夸尔斯中士。
Australian Reporter (archive) : Three Americans from among the eighty hostages at the US Embassy in Tehran have been freed by their Muslim captors and are now in hospital in West Germany.
澳大利亚记者（档案）：美国驻德黑兰大使馆的八十名人质中的三名美国人已被穆斯林绑架者释放，目前正在西德的医院里。
Ten others later told foreign reporters that they too would be released later tonight.
其他十人后来告诉外国记者，他们也将于今晚晚些时候被释放。
Walter Cronkite (archive): Good evening.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（档案）：晚上好。
Ten more American hostages, four women, six black men at the US Embassy in Tehran, prepared this evening to leave Iran having been ordered freed by Ayatollah Khomeini.
美国驻德黑兰大使馆的另外十名人质（四名女性、六名黑人）在阿亚图拉霍梅尼的命令下准备于今晚离开伊朗。
They indicated that we are being released not as a compromise, but because they felt some type of feeling for us as blacks and women.
他们表示，释放我们并不是为了妥协，而是因为他们对我们作为黑人和女性有某种感情。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Yeah, they thought that would make Americans say, Oh, they're wonderful, folks, they like these other persecuted minorities, blacks and women, they let them free.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆，外国记者：是的，他们认为这会让美国人说，哦，他们太棒了，伙计们，他们喜欢其他受迫害的少数族裔、黑人和妇女，他们让他们自由。
And they actually thought that would garner them some support in the United States.
他们实际上认为这会给他们在美国赢得一些支持。
They actually thought the black people of America would rise up and support them.
他们实际上认为美国黑人会起来支持他们。
Vernon Jordan, National Urban League (Archive): The freeing of the black and female hostages in Iran is a cynical attempt to divide the American public.
弗农·乔丹，国家城市联盟（档案）：伊朗释放黑人和女性人质是分裂美国公众的愤世嫉俗的企图。
We join today with all Americans in demanding the release of all of the hostages in Tehran today.
今天，我们与所有美国人一起要求释放德黑兰的所有人质。
Maynard Jackson, Mayor of Atlanta (archive): The recent statement by the Ayatollah Khomeini calling on Afro- Americans to join his struggle against the United States is convincing evidence of how sadly and perhaps how tragically misinformed he is about our country.
亚特兰大市长梅纳德·杰克逊（档案）：阿亚图拉霍梅尼最近发表的呼吁非裔美国人加入他反对美国的斗争的声明令人信服地证明了他对我们国家的误解是多么可悲，也许是多么悲惨。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Their ignorance of America was only equaled by American ignorance of Iran.
驻外记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：他们对美国的无知仅次于美国对伊朗的无知。
Reporter (archive): You've seen it before this week around the country.
记者（档案馆）：本周之前，全国各地都已经看到了这种情况。
Today happened in Atlanta, the burning of the Iranian flag.
今天在亚特兰大发生了焚烧伊朗国旗的事件。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: You've never seen two countries that understood each other so little, even after all those decades of being an alliance, as it were.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：你从未见过两个国家如此缺乏相互了解，即使在结盟几十年之后也是如此。
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (Archive): The United States is an imperialist power.
Massoumeh“Mary”Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：美国是一个帝国主义国家。
And it's one of the characteristics of an imperialist power to plant spy dens and spy networks all over a country to control all its major political, social, economical systems, and to control these systems for its own benefits.
而帝国主义强权的特征之一就是在一个国家各处布设间谍巢穴和间谍网络，控制该国一切主要政治、社会、经济制度，并为了自己的利益而控制这些制度。
British Reporter (archive): But are you really saying that the people that you have taken prisoner that you're holding in this building are responsible for that in a way?
英国记者（档案）：但是你真的是说，你在这栋大楼里关押的那些人在某种程度上要对此负责吗？
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (Archive): We don't say that these hostages are, innocent?
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：我们没有说这些人质是无辜的？
No. They were the people through which these crimes, many of them, have been done, and yet…
不。这些罪行（其中许多）是通过他们犯下的，然而……
British Reporter (archive): But they’ re still hostages aren’t they?
英国记者（档案）：但他们仍然是人质，不是吗？
I mean, they were diplomats and they’re now hostages.
我的意思是，他们是外交官，现在是人质。
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (archive): Well, what does that have to?
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：嗯，这有什么关系？
I mean?
我是说？
British Reporter (archive): I mean that it that is the basis, if you like, of international anger…
英国记者（档案）：我的意思是，如果你愿意的话，这就是国际愤怒的基础……
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (archive): That is the basis but what about, what about the crimes?
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：这是基础，但是犯罪呢？
British Reporter (archive): …That international law has been broken?
英国记者（档案）：……国际法被违反了？
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (Archive): What about what about international law in the case of the crimes that the Shah committed, in the case of 60,000 martyrs we gave in this country?
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：对于国王所犯下的罪行，对于我们在这个国家牺牲的 60,000 名烈士，国际法又如何呢？
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: We all got very curious about Mary.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：我们都对玛丽很好奇。
She spoke excellent English and we asked her where she’d learned her English.
她的英语说得很好，我们问她在哪里学的英语。
And she said she learned it in Tehran, but she was lying.
她说她是在德黑兰学到的，但她在撒谎。
Because Mary had been educated in the United States.
因为玛丽曾在美国接受过教育。
Mary was not her name.
玛丽不是她的名字。
At that time I learned her name was Niloofar Ebtekar.
那时我得知她的名字叫 Niloofar Ebtekar。
And I gather she since became Massoumeh.
我猜她从那时起就变成了马苏梅。
She was obviously very dedicated to this revolution that she was a part of and certainly very, very hard line about the hostages.
她显然非常致力于这场她参与的革命，当然对人质的态度也非常非常强硬。
British Reporter (archive): Are you at all worried that there could be some kind of psychological damage to these people that you're holding as a result of their captivity?
英国记者（档案）：您是否担心这些被您关押的人因被囚禁而遭受某种心理伤害？
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (Archive): Psychological damage to the hostages?
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：对人质造成心理伤害？
British Reporter (archive): Yes, that quite simply, that some of them might, if you hold on much longer, just go mad.
英国记者（档案）：是的，很简单，如果你坚持得更久，他们中的一些人可能会发疯。
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (Archive): Why should they?
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：他们为什么要这么做？
I mean, in our prisons at the time of SAVAK, tens of thousands of our most brilliant youngsters were kept in dungeons and tortured.
我的意思是，在萨瓦克时期的监狱里，数以万计的最聪明的年轻人被关在地牢里遭受酷刑。
No one cared for their “psychological after effects”.
没有人关心他们的“心理后遗症”。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Sister Mary.
巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)，美国大使馆新闻专员：玛丽修女。
She was there to interrogate most of us.
她在那里审问我们大多数人。
Accusing us, threatening trials.
指责我们，威胁审判。
I had very negative feelings toward her.
我对她有非常负面的感觉。
I just felt that she brought out the worst in me.
我只是觉得她暴露了我最坏的一面。
Peter Jennings (archive): But you say you will follow the orders of Ayatollah Khomeini…
彼得·詹宁斯（档案）：但你说你将遵循阿亚图拉霍梅尼的命令......
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: And she had lived in the United States as a young woman.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：她年轻时曾在美国生活过。
She spoke English.
她说英语。
Her English was good enough so that she could speak to reporters.
她的英语很好，可以与记者交谈。
So she was the basic PR person.
所以她是基本的公关人员。
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (Archive): The only way is that the American government, led by the criminal Carter, return Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the cause of corruption and the exploitation of the Iranian people.
马苏梅·“玛丽”·埃卜特卡，人质劫持者（档案）：唯一的办法是，以罪犯卡特为首的美国政府归还穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维，他是腐败和剥削伊朗人民的根源。
Must be returned to Iran with the property of the Iranian people and must be tried in a court of justice.
必须将伊朗人民的财产归还给伊朗，并必须在法庭上接受审判。
And this Court of Justice will be the trial of the American presidents of his time as well.
这个法院也将是对他那个时代的美国总统的审判。
Sam Donaldson (archive): Mr. President, can this crisis go on indefinitely?
萨姆·唐纳森（档案）：总统先生，这场危机会无限期地持续下去吗？
Or ought the Ayatollah Khomeini understand that at some point the American people may demand, and other nations may expect, that you move forward to resolve it by whatever means you find necessary?
或者，阿亚图拉霍梅尼是否应该明白，在某个时候，美国人民可能会要求，其他国家也可能会期望，你们采取任何你们认为必要的手段来解决这个问题？
President Jimmy Carter (archive): It would not be possible or even advisable for me to set a deadline about when or if I would take a certain action in the future.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我不可能甚至不建议为我将来何时或是否采取某种行动设定最后期限。
This is an ever present consideration on my mind.
这是我心中一直存在的一个考虑因素。
I'm carrying out all the duties that normally fall on the president's shoulder, which are adequate.
我正在履行通常落在总统肩上的所有职责，这已经足够了。
But I never forget one moment that I'm awake about the hostages whose lives and whose safety depend on me.
但我永远不会忘记我对人质的清醒时刻，他们的生命和安全取决于我。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: People were really behind the president.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：人们确实支持总统。
They were prepared to support him.
他们准备支持他。
And, you know to be brutally honest, he was taking advantage of that too.
而且，说实话，他也利用了这一点。
Presidents are politicians.
总统是政治家。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: All the families were invited down to Washington for a meeting and to let us know what was going on.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：所有家人都被邀请到华盛顿开会，让我们知道发生了什么事。
Jimmy Carter and Rosalyn Carter were standing up front in each one of the family members who were there came up and spoke to them for a few minutes.
吉米·卡特和罗莎琳·卡特站在前面，每一位在场的家庭成员都上前与他们交谈了几分钟。
They didn't tell us a whole lot.
他们没有告诉我们很多事情。
And I gave them a picture of the two children, and I said, just remember that their father is one of the people in the embassy.
我给了他们一张两个孩子的照片，我说，只要记住他们的父亲是大使馆的人之一。
So keep that in mind whatever it is that you decide to do.
因此，无论您决定做什么，请记住这一点。
He put it in his jacket pocket and you know he held my hand and he said, ‘I will always put the well- being of the hostages first, that’s the most important thing to me.’
他把它放在夹克口袋里，你知道他握着我的手，他说：“我永远把人质的福祉放在第一位，这对我来说是最重要的。”
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Carter is a very empathetic person.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：卡特是一个非常有同理心的人。
And he met with the hostage families.
他还会见了人质家属。
He was advised not to.
有人建议他不要这样做。
Brzezinski said, Don't do it.
布热津斯基说，不要这样做。
Send me, send somebody else to talk to them.
派我去，派别人去跟他们谈谈。
But don't you, as president, sit down with the hostage families.
但作为总统，你难道不应该与人质家属坐下来谈谈吗？
Because he knew you would hear some terrible stories and you would probably say something that you shouldn’t.
因为他知道你会听到一些可怕的故事，而且你可能会说一些不应该说的话。
All of which he did.
这一切都是他做的。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): I am not going to take any military action that would cause bloodshed or arouse the unstable captors of our hostages to attack them or to punish them, I'm going to be very moderate, very cautious.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我不会采取任何会导致流血或激起我们人质的不稳定绑架者攻击或惩罚他们的军事行动，我将非常温和、非常谨慎。
Our purpose is to get the hostages home and get them safe.
我们的目的是让人质回家并保证他们的安全。
That's my total commitment.
这是我的全部承诺。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Meeting with the hostage families, telling them he's not going to do anything that will harm their people, that quickly, you know, filtered out into the world.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：与人质家属会面，告诉他们他不会做任何会伤害他们人民的事情，你知道，很快就会传播到世界各地。
And the Iranians knew that the price they might have to pay for keeping people there was minimal.
伊朗人知道，他们为留住人员而可能付出的代价是微乎其微的。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: You know, I'm deeply grateful as the wife of one of the hostages, how deeply Jimmy Carter felt about the hostages.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：你知道，作为其中一名人质的妻子，我非常感激吉米·卡特对人质的感情有多深。
But I think there had to be a separation of - and you know this is like a hard thing to say - of the humanity of the people who are being held and what you have to do diplomatically.
但我认为，必须将被关押者的人性与你必须采取的外交行动分开——你知道这很难说。
And he was never able to do that.
但他始终无法做到这一点。
So he suffered greatly because he felt the responsibility of the lives of the people who were being held.
因此，他承受了巨大的痛苦，因为他感到自己对被关押的人们的生命负有责任。
In the beginning of the crisis, the news media didn't have any idea of where I was, and I kept my own location secret.
在危机开始时，新闻媒体根本不知道我在哪里，我对自己的位置保密。
I didn't want anybody to know.
我不想让任何人知道。
I was never a public person.
我从来就不是一个公众人物。
I don't like people knowing who I am.
我不喜欢别人知道我是谁。
However, the media went ahead and called every Rosen in the Brooklyn phone book trying to find out if this was the family of Barry Rosen.
然而，媒体继续给布鲁克林电话簿上的每一位罗森打电话，试图查明这是否是巴里·罗森的家人。
Tom Snyder (archive): Barbara Rose, Wife of American Hostage: is with us tonight, her husband is the press attache at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran.
汤姆·斯奈德（档案）：芭芭拉·罗斯，美国人质的妻子：今晚和我们在一起，她的丈夫是美国驻德黑兰大使馆的新闻专员。
And he's been in Iran in November.
十一月他去了伊朗。
And he is now one of the 50 people who are being held there.
他现在是被关押在那里的 50 人之一。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: It was very difficult.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：这非常困难。
I've never done this before.
我以前从未这样做过。
I was a public school teacher.
我是一名公立学校的老师。
I'm a mother, I'm a wife, I'm not a media personality.
我是一位母亲，我是一位妻子，我不是媒体人物。
What do you do and how do you navigate this?
你会做什么以及如何应对这个问题？
Tom Snyder (archive): How do you feel about Iranians right now?
汤姆·斯奈德（档案）：你现在对伊朗人有何看法？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): I have absolutely nothing against the Iranian people.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：我绝对没有反对伊朗人民的意思。
I know quite a few Iranians.
我认识不少伊朗人。
My husband has been a graduate student of Iranian studies.
我丈夫是伊朗研究的研究生。
And as a result of that we know a lot of Iranians.
因此我们认识了很多伊朗人。
And it's not the fault of the Iranian people.
这不是伊朗人民的错。
It's one group of terrorists who are holding them, and it has nothing to do with the people of Iran.
关押他们的是一群恐怖分子，与伊朗人民无关。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: I said one time on a news program, I call them terrorists and then I, you know, it was like, Oh my God, what did I just say?
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），美国人质的妻子：有一次我在新闻节目中说过，我称他们为恐怖分子，然后我，你知道，就像是，天哪，我刚才说什么？
What if this affects how he's being held and what they're doing to him?
如果这会影响他的拘留方式以及他们对他所做的事情怎么办？
Can I take that back?
我可以收回那句话吗？
And they say, no, you’ve really said it.
他们说，不，你确实说过。
And so you just were on your own to figure out exactly what to say, what not to say.
所以你只能靠自己弄清楚什么该说、什么不该说。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): No, and there were days that I can still…
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：不，有些日子我仍然可以……
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): It was difficult.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：这很困难。
At times it was also very helpful for me.
有时它对我也很有帮助。
Tom Snyder (archive): What can we do for you, all of us Americans?
汤姆·斯奈德（档案）：我们能为所有美国人做些什么？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: …In that I felt that I could maybe influence what was happening.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：……我觉得我也许可以影响正在发生的事情。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Well, for us personally, I don't think there's much that can be done.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：嗯，就我们个人而言，我认为没有什么可以做的。
We just have to go through the situation.
我们只需要经历一下这种情况。
But for the hostages to send the postcards.
而是为人质寄明信片。
Tom Snyder (archive): Christmas cards?
汤姆·斯奈德（档案）：圣诞贺卡？
You like that?
你喜欢这样吗？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Christmas cards and postcards to the Iranian Embassy asking that the the hostages be freed and to the Iranian mission at the United Nations.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子（档案）：寄给伊朗大使馆和伊朗驻联合国代表团的圣诞卡和明信片，要求释放人质。
And perhaps by so many thousands of postcards coming in, we will be able to effect a change in their attitude.
也许通过寄来数千张明信片，我们将能够改变他们的态度。
Reporter (archive): Christmas time usually brings people together, and this Christmas, a lot of people have gotten together because of a good cause.
记者（档案馆）：圣诞节通常都是人们聚集在一起的时候，今年圣诞节，很多人因为一个美好的理由而聚集在一起。
Some say we haven't been this united since Pearl Harbor.
有人说，自珍珠港事件以来，我们还没有如此团结过。
Hostage Family Member (archive): People are angry, frustrated, supportive, together, unified.
人质家属（档案）：人们愤怒、沮丧、支持、团结、团结。
They want to do something.
他们想做点什么。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: What amazed me was the amount of mail that we would receive from any American.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：令我惊讶的是我们从美国人那里收到的邮件数量之多。
Piles would come in.
一堆堆会进来。
Guards would bring these bags
警卫会带来这些袋子
and they'd open them up and then, poof, hundreds and letters.
他们打开它们，然后，噗的一声，数百封信。
And that was really, really the first time that I realized how people were supporting us in the United States.
那真的是我第一次意识到美国人民是如何支持我们的。
School Teacher (archive): I'm an American and I want those hostages home.
学校老师（档案）：我是美国人，我希望那些人质回家。
Say it again, kids.
孩子们，再说一遍。
School Kids (archive): I’m an American and I want those hostages home!
学生（档案）：我是美国人，我希望那些人质回家！
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: Penny Laingen, who is the wife of Bruce Lange in the charge at the embassy, came up with the idea of a yellow ribbon to show support for the hostages.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen）：使馆负责人布鲁斯·兰格（Bruce Lange）的妻子潘妮·莱根（Penny Laingen）想出了一条黄丝带的主意，以表达对人质的支持。
And it caught on.
它流行起来了。
You would go anywhere practically in the country and the yellow ribbons tied for the hostages.
你几乎可以去这个国家的任何地方，并为人质系上黄丝带。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): The families of the hostages feel so good to know that there are so many people out here in the United States who care so deeply for the ordeal that we've gone through.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子（档案）：人质的家人很高兴知道美国有这么多人如此深切地关心我们所经历的磨难。
And it helps give us the support that we need to go on.
它有助于为我们提供继续前进所需的支持。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): We had a large maple tree in front of the house in Brooklyn, and we tied a big yellow ribbon around the tree.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森（档案）：我们在布鲁克林的房子前面有一棵大枫树，我们在树周围系了一条黄色的大丝带。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: Yes tie yellow ribbon around the old oak tree.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：是的，在老橡树上系上黄丝带。
It's a lot nicer than going out and you're having demonstrations where you're burning or, you know, yelling hatred at somebody.
这比出去示威要好得多，你会被烧伤，或者，你知道，对某人大喊仇恨。
Priest (archive): We pray that you'll impart your infinite wisdom with the leaders of both nations, in the end the arrangements will be swiftly arrived at that these hostages will be set free to return to our nation and to their loved ones.
神父（档案）：我们祈求您向两国领导人传授您无穷的智慧，最终能够迅速达成安排，让这些人质获释，返回我们的国家和他们的亲人身边。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: We always celebrated both holidays.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：我们总是庆祝这两个节日。
We did a Hanukkah celebration with my mother-in-law and my brother-in-law’s house.
我们和我的岳母和姐夫的房子一起庆祝光明节。
And then we did a little Christmas with, you know, the kids at my parents.
然后我们和我父母的孩子们一起度过了一个小小的圣诞节。
I believe it was that Christmas Day that they showed the the film of the the hostages Christmas.
我相信他们就是在圣诞节那天放映了人质圣诞节的电影。
Reverend Sloane Coffin (archive): Silent night.
斯隆·科芬牧师（档案）：平安夜。
Holy night….
圣夜……
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Christmas.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森：圣诞节。
They brought in Reverend Sloane Coffin from New York, who is very, very famous.
他们从纽约请来了非常非常有名的斯隆·科芬牧师。
Videographers came in and photographers came in for propaganda purposes.
摄像师和摄影师的进来都是为了宣传目的。
That was their way to show they care about the hostages and their holiday.
这是他们表达关心人质和他们的假期的方式。
And they were going to broadcast it to the families outside and to show that we're all right.
他们打算向外面的家人广播，以表明我们一切都好。
I must have garnered about 20 oranges and every other possible fruit.
我一定收集了大约 20 个橙子和所有其他可能的水果。
They were in my pockets, everywhere.
它们在我的口袋里，无处不在。
We had no fruit, all that time.
我们一直没有水果。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: We heard that Reverend Sloane Coffin was going to be one of the ministers going over to Iran, and we gave him letters to bring to Barry.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子：我们听说斯隆·科芬牧师将成为前往伊朗的部长之一，我们给了他一些信，让他转交给巴里。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: He whispered to me, ‘Here are the photos of Barbara sent to you.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：他低声对我说：“这是发给你的芭芭拉的照片。
She sent her love.’ And I said, 'please send my love to her.’
她送出了她的爱。”我说，“请把我的爱送给她。”
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: You're watching it.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：你正在观看。
And that's your husband, the father of your children, halfway around the world being held hostage.
那是你的丈夫，你孩子的父亲，在半个地球的另一边被扣为人质。
He looks okay, but you don't know that he's okay.
他看起来很好，但你不知道他很好。
It's a very strange experience.
这是一次非常奇怪的经历。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Communicating with our families was very strange.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：与我们家人的沟通非常奇怪。
We would write letters never knowing if they would ever get there.
我们会写信，却不知道它们是否会到达那里。
We had to be very careful in what we said, just sort of very cursory letters about ‘how the kids, Ari and Zan?’ ‘I love you both and sent my love to mommy.’
我们说话时必须非常小心，只是一些非常粗略的信件，内容是“孩子们，阿里和赞怎么样？”“我爱你们俩，并向妈妈表达了我的爱。”
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Well, I think he's trying to tell me that he's being treated, you know, as well as possible under the under the circumstances And I was very heartened by what he did write.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子（存档）：嗯，我想他是想告诉我，他正在受到尽可能好的待遇，你知道，在这种情况下，我对他所写的内容感到非常振奋。
His spirit seems to be very high and he seems to be handling the situation very well.
他的精神似乎非常高昂，而且他似乎处理得很好。
Reporter (archive): Mrs. Rosen, how did your son react to this gorgeous cartoon?
记者（档案）：罗森女士，您的儿子对这部精美的动画片有何反应？
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I remember writing a little cartoon for Alexander, where I'm mailing a letter to him with my love.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我记得为亚历山大写了一个小漫画，在其中我向他寄了一封信，表达我的爱。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Oh, he loves it.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：哦，他喜欢它。
He's only three.
他只有三岁。
I mean, he sits and looks at it and we explain it to him.
我的意思是，他坐下来看着它，我们向他解释。
Reporter (archive) : Does he have any idea what's going on?
记者（档案）：他知道发生了什么事吗？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Oh, he does know where his father is.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：哦，他确实知道他父亲在哪里。
He does know the names of the people involved.
他确实知道涉案人员的名字。
He knows Ayatollah Khomeini.
他认识阿亚图拉霍梅尼。
He’s able to pronounce Ghotbzadeh, which a lot of people here can’t do.
他能够发出 Ghotbzadeh 的发音，而这里很多人都发不出来。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: That became something for me that was very, very important which was my direct communication with him.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：这对我来说非常非常重要，这是我与他的直接沟通。
I didn't want him to forget me.
我不想让他忘记我。
Iranian Crowd (archive): Ala akbar!
伊朗群众（档案）：Ala akbar！
Ala akbar!
阿拉阿克巴！
Khomeini akbar!
霍梅尼阿克巴！
Khomeini akbar!
霍梅尼阿克巴！
(God is great.
（上帝是伟大的。
Khomeini is great)
霍梅尼伟大）
Reporter (archive): Earlier today Iranian television broadcast a film called Spy Confessions.
记者（档案）：今天早些时候，伊朗电视台播放了一部名为《间谍自白》的电影。
It was produced by the embassy militants and it showed two of their hostages alleging that this embassy was engaged in espionage.
它是由大使馆武装分子制作的，其中显示了两名人质，声称该大使馆从事间谍活动。
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar , Hostage Taker (archive): We have found no evidence that proves that these people are diplomats.
Massoumeh“Mary”Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：我们没有发现任何证据证明这些人是外交官。
All evidence proves that these people are spies.
所有证据都证明这些人是间谍。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: There were very few Farsi speakers in the embassy.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：大使馆里讲波斯语的人很少。
I think there were three of us.
我想我们是三个人。
It didn't register at all to our hostage takers that three Farsi speakers could not be overthrowing the Iranian government or trying to pervert Iran.
劫持人质的人根本没有意识到，三名讲波斯语的人不可能推翻伊朗政府或试图歪曲伊朗。
Student Hostage Taker (archive): We know that they are spy because we have the documents.
学生人质劫持者（档案）：我们知道他们是间谍，因为我们有文件。
Tom Brokaw (archive): This film shows militants and the paper shredder embassy officials used to destroy US documents.
汤姆·布罗考（档案）：这部电影展示了武装分子和大使馆官员用来销毁美国文件的碎纸机。
Apparently, they believe the repaired documents will support their charges of American crimes against Iran.
显然，他们相信修复后的文件将支持他们对美国对伊朗犯罪的指控。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: One day, there’s this phalanx of guards with rifles.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：有一天，出现了一队手持步枪的警卫。
And they march me to this desk.
他们把我带到这张桌子前。
And I'm told, sign this piece of paper, which confirms that I am a spy and I was working for the CIA.
我被告知，签署这张纸，确认我是间谍并且为中央情报局工作。
I'm saying to myself, hmm Barry, I’m a member of the Foreign Service, I can't do this.
我对自己说，嗯，巴里，我是外交部的一名成员，我不能这样做。
And then I'm thinking about Barbara and the kids and I’m saying, look, they're not going to do, I mean they’re not going to kill me.
然后我想到芭芭拉和孩子们，我说，看，他们不会这么做，我的意思是他们不会杀我。
They're not.
他们不是。
They need me.
他们需要我。
But I don't know.
但我不知道。
So I think the better part of valor is to sign.
所以我认为勇气的更好部分是签名。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: Barry was accused of being the great spy in plotter.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：巴里被指控为阴谋家中的大间谍。
His photo was on the front page of the Post.
他的照片出现在《华盛顿邮报》的头版上。
British Reporter (archive): Do you want these people to go on trial?
英国记者（档案）：您希望这些人接受审判吗？
Massoumeh “Mary” Ebtekar, Hostage Taker (archive): Yes.
Massoumeh“Mary”Ebtekar，人质劫持者（档案）：是的。
And the hostages will be tried in a Islamic court and the sentences will be carried out on them.
人质将在伊斯兰法庭接受审判并对他们执行判决。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: When we saw the accusations that were being made against him, it was extremely, extremely upsetting.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：当我们看到针对他的指控时，我们感到非常非常沮丧。
And I think it became very hard on Barry because it wasn't too long after that when you know pictures came out and he was pretty sick.
我认为这对巴里来说变得非常困难，因为不久之后，当你知道照片出来时，他病得很厉害。
Reporter (archive): A doctor from the local version of the Red Cross takes a close look at the hostages.
记者（档案）：当地红十字会的一名医生正在仔细检查人质。
There’s little doubt that the release of the film by Iran is to try to allay nagging doubts abroad, especially in America, about their wellbeing and physical condition.
毫无疑问，伊朗上映这部电影是为了消除国外，尤其是美国对他们的健康和身体状况的疑虑。
It’s hardly definitive evidence.
这很难说是确凿的证据。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy (archive): In January.
巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)，美国大使馆新闻专员（档案）：一月。
I had what I thought was a convulsion.
我以为是抽搐。
My heart started to beat very fast.
我的心跳得很快。
And my stomach and everything…
还有我的胃和一切……
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I was undergoing a panic attack.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我当时正经历恐慌症。
I was in a pretty deep depression.
我当时正处于一种非常严重的抑郁状态。
You know, it's very hard to talk about the issue of depression.
你知道，谈论抑郁症的问题是非常困难的。
I was in a black hole.
我在黑洞里。
I totally was in a situation where I felt hopeless and helpless and only thought very negatively about myself.
我完全处于一种感到绝望和无助的境地，对自己的看法非常消极。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy (archive): Things going inside of me like my heart beating fast.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）（档案）：我内心深处的感觉就像我的心跳得很快。
I hear it all the time…
我一直听到…
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy : And beginning of the captivity.
巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen），美国大使馆新闻专员：囚禁的开始。
I was trying to be tough.
我试图表现得强硬。
But I was worn down.
但我已经疲惫不堪了。
I was totally worn down.
我已经彻底疲惫不堪了。
There were moments and times where I thought about doing away with myself.
有时候我想过自杀。
And it was not inconceivable because several of us ah slit their wrists, or tried to commit suicide by knocking their heads against cement walls.
这并非不可想象，因为我们中有几个人割腕，或者试图用头撞水泥墙自杀。
Reporter (archive): …and Barry Rosen in the center, the press attache, he is from Brooklyn
记者（档案）：……中间是新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen），他来自布鲁克林
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: My mother in law became extremely, extremely depressed.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：我的岳母变得非常非常沮丧。
As anybody would.
就像任何人都会的那样。
Sarah Rosen (archive): President Carter, this is my plea to you as a mother to a father.
莎拉·罗森（档案）：卡特总统，这是我作为父亲的母亲向您发出的请求。
Not as a president, but as a mother to a father.
不是作为总统，而是作为父亲的母亲。
Please listen to my plea.
请听我的恳求。
My husband is gone but I want my son back.
我的丈夫走了，但我想要我的儿子回来。
Barry is fading away.
巴里正在消失。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: I feel a lot of times during the whole crisis.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：在整个危机期间，我有很多感受。
I was always the one who was trying to hold these different things together.
我一直是那个试图将这些不同的事物整合在一起的人。
I had to represent Barry.
我必须代表巴里。
I had to take care of the children and take care of the extended family, you know, and.
我必须照顾孩子并照顾大家庭，你知道，而且。
And how do you do all of this?
你是如何做到这一切的？
Reporter (archive): Does Alexander ever say when's daddy coming home?
记者（档案）：亚历山大有没有说过爸爸什么时候回家？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Just about every night when I put him to bed?
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：几乎每天晚上我哄他睡觉时？
Reporter (archive): What do you what do you tell him?
记者（档案）：你告诉他什么？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Soon, we hope.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：我们希望很快就能实现。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): I continue to share with all of you the sense of outrage and impatience.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我继续与你们所有人一样感到愤怒和不耐烦。
We are attempting to secure the release of the Americans through the International Court of Justice through the United Nations and through public and private diplomatic efforts.
我们正试图通过国际法院、联合国以及公共和私人外交努力确保美国人获释。
We are determined to achieve this goal.
我们决心实现这一目标。
We hope to do so without bloodshed.
我们希望能够在不流血的情况下做到这一点。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The White House Chief of Staff, Hamilton Jordan, and President Carter, they were conducting negotiations behind the scenes with a couple of people who represented Ghotbzadeh.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：白宫办公厅主任汉密尔顿·乔丹和卡特总统，他们正在幕后与代表戈特布扎德的几个人进行谈判。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Ghotbzadeh was made Foreign Minister during the hostage crisis.
驻外记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：戈特布扎德在人质危机期间被任命为外交部长。
He desperately wanted to get the hostages released.
他迫切希望释放人质。
He understood the threat that this hostage seizure was to any kind of moderation in the Islamic Revolution.
他明白这次人质劫持事件对伊斯兰革命的任何温和派都构成威胁。
And it was gradually forcing any other voices to be silent.
它逐渐迫使任何其他声音保持沉默。
You know, we have to remember that Sadegh Ghotbzadeh had been sent to live and study with Mossadegh when he was a young man.
你知道，我们必须记住，萨德·戈特布扎德（Sadegh Ghotbzadeh）年轻时就被派去与摩萨台一起生活和学习。
Mossadegh had been the prime minister before the CIA coup in 1953.
1953 年中央情报局政变之前，摩萨台曾担任总理。
But this was in the mid 50s, after the coup.
但这是在 50 年代中期，政变之后。
So Sadegh studied with him and was very, very much affected by his teachings.
因此萨德跟随他学习，并深受他的教导的影响。
Ghotbzadeh saw himself very much as a son of Mossadegh and wanted to carry on in that tradition.
戈特布扎德非常将自己视为摩萨台的儿子，并希望继承这一传统。
Reporter (archive): One last question, some Americans are characterizing you as a hard liner.
记者（档案）：最后一个问题，一些美国人将您描述为强硬派。
Is that fair?
这公平吗？
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, Aide to Ayatollah Khomeini (archive ): Well, I'm a nice guy.
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh，阿亚图拉霍梅尼的助手（档案）：嗯，我是一个好人。
Peter Jennings (archive): In the revolutionary atmosphere, Mr Ghotbzadeh has at times shown a willingness to find a compromise solution to the Iranian-American confrontation.
彼得·詹宁斯（档案）：在革命氛围中，戈特布扎德先生有时表现出寻求妥协解决伊朗与美国对抗的意愿。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: He has spent a lot of his years of exile in America, where he was a big part of the Student Revolutionary Movement and the Liberation Movement of Iran.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：他在美国度过了流亡的大部分时间，在那里他是学生革命运动和伊朗解放运动的重要组成部分。
And he had a lot of admiration for some of the best of what America had to offer.
他对美国所提供的一些最好的东西非常钦佩。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent (archive): Has the hostage crisis become more of an obstacle than a rallying point for the revolution?
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）（档案）：人质危机是否已成为革命的障碍而不是集结点？
Is it blocking you from getting on with the business of governing?
它是否阻碍你继续治理事务？
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent : I was not aware at the time that Sadegh was meeting with Hamilton Jordan.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：当时我并不知道萨德正在与汉密尔顿·乔丹会面。
That was a complete secret, and he would never have told me something like that, that was so explosive.
那是一个完全的秘密，他永远不会告诉我这样的事情，那太爆炸了。
And he and Jordan got along fairly well in that, and they came up with this scenario of the U.N.
他和乔丹在这方面相处得相当好，他们想出了联合国的这个场景。
Commission.
委员会。
Sam Donaldson (archive): A special U.N.
萨姆·唐纳森（档案）：一位特殊的联合国
sponsored commission to be part of a deal that would free the hostages.
赞助委员会成为释放人质协议的一部分。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Investigators would come and report on Iran's history and the crimes of the Shah.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：调查人员将前来报道伊朗的历史和国王的罪行。
The idea was they would be able to visit the hostages.
他们的想法是他们能够探望人质。
And when they issued their report, the hostages could be released.
当他们发布报告时，人质就可以被释放。
Ted Koppel (archive): Hope for the release of the 50 inside continues to be fueled by reports from Iran and the United Nations.
特德·科佩尔（档案）：来自伊朗和联合国的报告继续点燃了释放 50 名内部人员的希望。
Barbara Walters (archive): The hostages could be released within three weeks.
芭芭拉·沃尔特斯（档案）：人质可能会在三周内获释。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Recently, there have been some positive signs.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：最近出现了一些积极的迹象。
Although experience has taught us to guard against excessive optimism.
尽管经验告诉我们要警惕过度乐观。
Barbara Rose, Wife of American Hostage: We were all hopeful.
芭芭拉·罗斯，《美国人质》的妻子：我们都充满希望。
Things would come back from Iran that we're negotiating.
我们正在谈判的事情将从伊朗回来。
Ghotbzadeh would say, ‘oh, we're getting close to an agreement’.
Ghotbzadeh 会说，“哦，我们即将达成协议”。
And the students would say something else.
学生们还会说些别的。
Reporter (archive): The students are ready to allow the UN commission inside the embassy, but only on their terms.
记者（档案）：学生们已经准备好允许联合国委员会进入使馆，但必须按照他们的条件。
Reporter (archive): The commission failed to get into the US embassy to visit the hostages.
记者（档案）：调查组未能进入美国使馆探望人质。
A power struggle between the students and foreign minister Ghotbzadeh, refereed by the Ayatollah Khomeini made that impossible.
在阿亚图拉霍梅尼的调解下，学生和外交部长戈特布扎德之间的权力斗争使这一目标变得不可能。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The fact is that the people who were doing the negotiating were representing Ghotbzadeh, whose power was actually slipping at that point.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：事实上，进行谈判的人代表的是戈特布扎德（Ghotbzadeh），而当时戈特布扎德的权力实际上正在下滑。
And the real power in the country was Khomeini.
这个国家的真正权力是霍梅尼。
Reporter (archive): They sang and chanted to those who gathered outside the embassy gates waiting to hear Tehran radio broadcast Ayatollah Khomeini's ruling on the UN Commission's visit to the hostages.
记者（档案）：他们向聚集在使馆大门外等待德黑兰电台广播阿亚图拉霍梅尼对联合国委员会探视人质的裁决的人们唱歌并高喊口号。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Sadegh worked very hard to try to make some of these things work.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：萨德非常努力地试图让其中一些事情发挥作用。
But at every step, Khomeini would pull the rug out from under him.
但每走一步，霍梅尼都会把地毯从他身下拉出来。
Reporter (archive): As the five commissioners emerged from a meeting with foreign minister Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, they declined all comment to the press.
记者（档案）：五位委员在与外交部长萨德格·戈特布扎德会面后，拒绝向媒体发表任何评论。
Walter Cronkite (archive): The UN commission will leave Tehran tomorrow.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（档案）：联合国委员会将于明天离开德黑兰。
Khomeini’s statement, to quote “Fight against America until death”, shattered the first real hope in this prolonged crisis
霍梅尼的声明，引用“与美国战斗至死”，粉碎了这场旷日持久的危机中第一个真正的希望
Iranian Crowd (archive): Magbar America!
伊朗群众（档案）：马格巴尔美国！
(death to America)
（美国之死）
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Khomeini smelled power.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：霍梅尼嗅到了权力的味道。
He realized very quickly that this was a way to hold the Americans over a barrel and at the same time to silence all moderate voices in Iran.
他很快意识到，这是将美国人控制在桶上的一种方式，同时也是压制伊朗所有温和派声音的一种方式。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: There was no end to this that you could see.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：你可以看到这件事没有结束。
Basically the hostages were going to be there until Khomeini decided to let them go.
基本上，人质会一直待在那里，直到霍梅尼决定释放他们。
Iranian Crowds (archive): Khomeini!
伊朗群众（档案）：霍梅尼！
Khomeini!
霍梅尼！
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Here is a guy who is in his 80s.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：这是一个 80 多岁的人。
He has single-handedly ended the monarchy as a 2,500 year old institution in Iran.
他一手终结了伊朗拥有 2500 年历史的君主制。
And he's got God on his side, and he truly believes that.
他有上帝站在他一边，他真的相信这一点。
And he won't even talk to diplomats, so almost nobody gets to see him.
他甚至不与外交官交谈，所以几乎没有人能见到他。
So how do you approach that?
那么你如何处理这个问题呢？
Reporter (archive): Secretary of State Cyrus Vance emerged from several hours of talks with U.N.
记者（档案）：国务卿赛勒斯·万斯与联合国秘书长进行了数小时的会谈。
Secretary General Kirt Waldheim and the members of the U.N.
秘书长科特·瓦尔德海姆和联合国成员
Commission.
委员会。
Cyrus Vance, Secretary of State (Archive): I am counseling patience.
国务卿赛勒斯·万斯（档案）：我建议保持耐心。
I believe that this is the best course to follow.
我相信这是最好的做法。
As I indicated, the door is not closed and I think we should continue to pursue this option.
正如我所指出的，大门并没有关闭，我认为我们应该继续寻求这一选择。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: When we got to April and all of these negotiations had broken down, I was approached by a delegation of people from the State Department who didn't want it to be known that they were approaching the White House.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：当我们到了四月份，所有这些谈判都破裂时，国务院的一个代表团找到了我，他们不想让别人知道他们正在接近白宫。
They said it was time to do something that basically, if there was something that could be done, this was the moment to do it because clearly the Iranians were not negotiating in good faith.
他们说现在是时候做点什么了，基本上，如果有什么可以做的，现在就是这样做的时候了，因为显然伊朗人并没有真诚地进行谈判。
But the reason they didn't want it to be known is that their boss, Cy Vance, didn't share their view at all.
但他们不想让别人知道的原因是他们的老板 Cy Vance 根本不同意他们的观点。
Vance was a lovable character and his staff in the State Department, they loved him.
万斯是一个可爱的人物，他在国务院的工作人员都很喜欢他。
They despised Brzezinski.
他们鄙视布热津斯基。
Zbignew Brzezinski (archive): My view is that in addition to being guided by moral concerns, we have to recognize the continuing relevance of power.
兹比格纽·布热津斯基（Zbignew Brzezinski）（档案）：我的观点是，除了以道德关切为指导之外，我们还必须认识到权力的持续相关性。
Be strong.
要坚强。
Be strategically innovative.
进行战略创新。
Take tough decisions.
做出艰难的决定。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The one place where Brzezinski and Vance would clearly disagree with each other was over the actual use of military force.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：布热津斯基和万斯在实际使用武力问题上明显存在分歧。
And so whenever that subject came up, Vance opposed it.
因此，每当这个话题出现时，万斯都会反对。
Ted Koppel (archive): There's been a serious drop in public support for President Carter's handling of the hostage crisis.
特德·科佩尔（档案）：公众对卡特总统处理人质危机的支持率严重下降。
Hostage Family Member (archive): Right from the beginning this has been a total fiasco.
人质家属（档案）：从一开始，这就是一场彻底的惨败。
Hostage Family Member (archive): I'm not sure if they kill every one of them tomorrow that he'd do anything.
人质家属（档案）：我不确定他们明天是否会杀掉他们所有人，他会做什么。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: People were tired of it this whole business of negotiating with no real hope of accomplishing anything and that every effort had been made.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：人们厌倦了整个谈判过程，没有真正希望取得任何成果，而且已经尽了一切努力。
Patience had really run out.
耐心真的已经耗尽了。
I wrote a memo to Brzezinski.
我给布热津斯基写了一份备忘录。
My first line was “the hawks are flying.” I said that if there is in fact a plan for a rescue mission, this is the moment to do it.
我的第一句话是“鹰在飞翔”。我说过，如果确实有救援任务的计划，那么现在就是执行的时候了。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): The authorities in Iran should realize that the availability of peaceful measures like the patience of the American people is running out.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：伊朗当局应该认识到，像美国人民的耐心这样的和平措施正在耗尽。
The American hostages must be freed.
必须释放美国人质。
Barbara Rose, Wife of American Hostage: I never thought that the United States would try to free the hostages with military action.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗斯：我从来没有想过美国会试图通过军事行动来解救人质。
At least through the beginning of April.
至少到四月初。
And all of a sudden I started to hear instead of the well-being of the hostages and the honor of the United States, things became flipped.
突然之间，我开始听到的不是人质的福祉和美国的荣誉，而是事情变得翻转了。
To me, that was a marker that something was going to happen.
对我来说，这是即将发生某事的标志。
Reporter (archive): Barbara Rosen wants people and the government to know that the families of the hostages are against the use of military force.
记者（档案）：芭芭拉·罗森希望人们和政府知道人质家属反对使用武力。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): I think most of the family members have this fear that things are escalating to a point that there will be no turning back.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森（档案）：我认为大多数家庭成员都担心事情会升级到无法回头的地步。
And we don't want to see, we don't want to see fighting.
我们不想看到，我们不想看到战斗。
We don't want to see a war.
我们不想看到战争。
We don't want to see people dying.
我们不想看到人们死亡。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): Within about a month of the takeover, the families organized into the Family Liaison Action Group, or F.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），美国人质的妻子（档案）：在接管后大约一个月内，这些家庭组织成立了家庭联络行动小组（F.
L.
L。
A.
A.
G.
G。
John Chancelor (archive): A group of mothers and wives of American hostages who are in favor of peaceful pressure against Iran and against military action.
约翰·钱斯勒（John Chancelor）（档案）：一群美国人质的母亲和妻子，支持对伊朗施加和平压力并反对军事行动。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: They organized trips to Washington, where we met with President Carter a number of times.
美国人质组织的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：他们组织了前往华盛顿的旅行，我们在那里多次会见了卡特总统。
And they also organized the trip to Europe that I went on.
他们还组织了我去欧洲的旅行。
We wanted to humanize the hostages and to ask for as much help as they were able to give us.
我们想让人质变得人性化，并请求他们提供尽可能多的帮助。
I was in Germany.
我当时在德国。
I met with the Chancellor, Helmut Schmidt, and tried to get sanctions to be placed against Iran.
我会见了德国总理赫尔穆特·施密特，并试图对伊朗实施制裁。
I kept saying, gee, I shouldn't be here, Barry should be doing this.
我一直说，天哪，我不应该在这里，巴里应该这样做。
I don't know what I'm doing.
我不知道我在做什么。
I don't know what I'm saying.
我不知道我在说什么。
Reporter (archive): It was an extraordinary meeting.
记者（档案）：这是一次非同寻常的会议。
It lasted one hour.
持续了一小时。
Mrs. Rosen said it was not meant to undermine President Carter's policies, but rather to reinforce the message that the families and the European allies have unlimited patience as long as the hostages are safe.
罗森夫人表示，这并不是为了破坏卡特总统的政策，而是为了强化这样一个信息：只要人质安全，人质家属和欧洲盟友就会有无限的耐心。
Australian Reporter (archive): Since he came into office, many Americans and allied leaders have had trouble figuring out what Jimmy Carter would do next.
澳大利亚记者（档案）：自从吉米·卡特上任以来，许多美国人和盟国领导人都很难弄清楚他下一步会做什么。
And he is still keeping them guessing.
他仍然让他们猜测。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The hostage rescue mission was officially presented to the key individuals involved when Vance was on vacation in Florida.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：当万斯在佛罗里达州度假时，人质营救任务正式向相关关键人员提出。
He then came back to Washington and then privately, he told Carter that if they go ahead with a hostage rescue, no matter how it turned out, he was going to resign.
然后他回到华盛顿，然后私下告诉卡特，如果他们继续解救人质，无论结果如何，他都将辞职。
He thought it was likely to fail, and he thought it was likely to end up in bloodshed.
他认为这很可能会失败，他认为这很可能会以流血告终。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: In the history of special operations, this is in my opinion the most complex ever tried.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：在我看来，在特种作战史上，这是有史以来最复杂的尝试。
The concept of the operation was:
该行动的理念是：
C-130s with the assault force on board was supposed to fly from the Masirah Island up through the gut of central Iran to the rendezvous point at Desert One.
搭载突击部队的 C-130 原本应该从马西拉岛飞过伊朗中部腹地，到达沙漠一号的交汇点。
At the same time, eight helicopters were supposed to take off from the Nimitz and fly close to the ground to avoid Iranian radar and rendezvous at Desert One.
与此同时，八架直升机本应从尼米兹号起飞并贴近地面飞行，以避免伊朗雷达并在“沙漠一号”会合。
We would refuel the helicopters and transfer the assault force from the C-130s to the helicopters.
我们将为直升机加油，并将突击力量从 C-130 转移到直升机上。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: Then depart Desert One and head towards the mountainous valley east of Tehran, Desert Two.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：然后离开一号沙漠，前往德黑兰以东的山谷，二号沙漠。
Once nightfall occurred, we would drive in a loose convoy formation into the city and drive up along the eastern wall of the embassy.
夜幕降临后，我们就会以松散的车队队形驶入城内，并沿着使馆的东墙行驶。
The assault force would climb over the wall, rescue the hostages, kill the terrorists and then run across the street to the soccer stadium.
突击队会翻过围墙，解救人质，杀死恐怖分子，然后穿过街道前往足球场。
The helicopters would fly, land, and everybody would fly to a little used airfield to the southwest of Tehran called Manzariyeh.
直升机会起飞、降落，然后每个人都会飞往德黑兰西南部一个名为曼扎里耶的小型旧机场。
The Iranian forces would be eliminated, the runway would be cleared.
伊朗军队将被消灭，跑道将被清理。
Everybody would transition to the airplanes and fly out back to Germany.
每个人都会转乘飞机飞回德国。
That's what was supposed to have happened.
这本来就是应该发生的事情。
Although many of us believed this was going to be a very long shot proposition, we could see how many moving parts there were.
尽管我们中的许多人认为这将是一个非常遥远的提议，但我们可以看到有多少活动部件。
Many of us knew how far it was to get from the coast of Iran all the way to Tehran and then get all the way back out.
我们中的许多人都知道从伊朗海岸一直到德黑兰然后一路返回有多远。
But I believe everybody was willing to go on the mission because we believed in the righteousness and the justness of our cause.
但我相信每个人都愿意继续这项使命，因为我们相信我们事业的正义性和正义性。
And you got to try.
你必须尝试。
I mean, that's what, you know, if you don't try, who are you?
我的意思是，这就是，你知道，如果你不尝试，你是谁？
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The Delta Force moves from Fort Bragg to Masirah Island off the coast of Oman.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：三角洲部队从布拉格堡转移到阿曼海岸附近的马西拉岛。
The night before the mission, we have the Delta Force on Masirah.
任务前一天晚上，三角洲特种部队抵达马西拉。
When it's time to go, I get on the airplane and we took off and we flew into Iran.
到了出发的时间，我登上飞机，我们起飞飞往伊朗。
At the same time, the helicopters leave the Nimitz.
与此同时，直升机离开尼米兹号。
And they fly in line with Desert One as their ultimate goal.
他们以“沙漠一号”为最终目标飞行。
Military Communications (archive): Destination is Oscar, Oscar, Mike, Alpha…
军事通讯（档案）：目的地是奥斯卡，奥斯卡，迈克，阿尔法......
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired : In the very early stages of the helicopter flight, two helicopters are lost.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：在直升机飞行的最初阶段，两架直升机丢失了。
Military Communications (archive): Be advised, there are two aircraft that apparently have been overdue.
军事通讯（档案）：请注意，有两架飞机显然已逾期。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: One has some kind of a malfunction and lands.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：其中一架发生某种故障并着陆。
The other one lands beside that one and picks up that crew.
另一架降落在那架飞机旁边并接载了那名机组人员。
And then they turn around and fly back to the Nimitz.
然后他们掉头飞回尼米兹号。
Before we get 45 minutes into the helicopter flight, we are at six helicopters, which is the number required to go forward.
在直升机飞行 45 分钟之前，我们已有六架直升机，这是继续前进所需的数量。
Eventually, all the other helicopters and the assault force arrives at Desert One, which is supposed to be a place lost in the middle of the desert where nobody ever goes.
最终，所有其他直升机和突击部队都到达了“沙漠一号”，这里应该是沙漠中部迷失的一个没人会去的地方。
A few minutes after the first airplane touches down, along comes a bus, with 40 Iranians on it.
第一架飞机着陆几分钟后，一辆载有 40 名伊朗人的公共汽车驶来。
The force stops the bus, pulls all the people off, sits them over beside the road.
警察拦住了公共汽车，把所有的人都拉下车，让他们坐在路边。
Shortly thereafter, another vehicle comes through the midst.
不久之后，另一辆车从中间驶过。
And this is a fuel truck followed by a pickup truck.
这是一辆燃油车，后面跟着一辆皮卡车。
The security force shoots the fuel truck.
安全部队射击加油车。
The fuel truck explodes in a ball of flame.
加油车爆炸成一团火球。
The driver and passenger jump in the pickup truck and take off.
司机和乘客跳上皮卡车并起飞。
The mission has gone wildly awry.
任务已经严重出错。
White House Switchboard Operator (archive): The President’s on the line.
白宫总机接线员（档案）：总统在线。
Go ahead, gentlemen.
继续吧，先生们。
General David Jones (archive): Yes, sir.
大卫·琼斯将军（档案）：是的，长官。
Dave Jones.
戴夫·琼斯。
The one disturbing thing, when they landed, two vehicles were stopped on the road, but a third vehicle escaped.
令人不安的是，当他们着陆时，两辆车被拦在路上，但第三辆车逃脱了。
The vehicles included a bus with forty four passengers and that there were no injuries, but a gas truck’s on fire.
这些车辆包括一辆载有 44 名乘客的公共汽车，没有人员受伤，但一辆加油车着火了。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): David, how close is that there is settlement or town to Desert One?
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：大卫，距离“沙漠一号”有定居点或城镇有多近？
General David Jones (archive): It’s quite a distance to the first town.
大卫·琼斯将军（档案）：距离第一个城镇很远。
Unknown General (archive): Yes, quite a distance.
无名将军（档案）：是的，相当远。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Do you recall why we decided to land just adjacent to a highway?
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：你还记得为什么我们决定在高速公路附近降落吗？
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: We have a huge fire burning on the south end.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：南端发生大火。
The desert is lit up like it's daylight, and we have this group of 40 Iranians huddled over on the side of the road worried that we're going to kill them all.
沙漠里灯火通明，就像白天一样，我们这群 40 名伊朗人挤在路边，担心我们会把他们全部杀掉。
The deal is that you need six helicopters to move forward.
协议是你需要六架直升机才能前进。
Finally, it comes to pass that one of the six is not flyable.
最终，六架飞机中的一架无法飞行。
So that meant that we couldn't go forward.
这意味着我们无法继续前进。
The order says fewer than six helicopters, abort the mission.
命令称直升机少于六架，中止任务。
So the decision was made that we would abort the mission.
因此我们决定中止这次任务。
We continued to refuel the helicopters.
我们继续给直升机加油。
In the midst of the refueling process, one of the helicopters took off, and as he lifted up, he lost his orientation and he flew into the left side of the C-130 that was sitting on the ground.
在加油过程中，其中一架直升机起飞，在升空过程中失去了方向，飞向了停在地面上的C-130的左侧。
I can see the crew on fire inside the cockpit.
我可以看到驾驶舱内的机组人员着火了。
Some of the crew were trying to get out as they burned.
一些船员在被烧伤时试图逃生。
An image that you cannot forget.
一个让你无法忘记的画面。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: And then the ammunition and the fuel on the airplane started cooking off live rounds, flying all over the place as we moved away from that airplane and over toward the remaining C-130s.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：然后，当我们离开那架飞机并飞向剩余的 C-130 时，飞机上的弹药和燃料开始燃烧实弹，飞得到处都是。
I just knew I wanted to have my butt on one of those 130s.
我只知道我想骑在其中一辆 130 上。
I was on the airplane that lost an engine on takeoff.
我乘坐的飞机在起飞时失去了引擎。
The airplane was just barely flying.
飞机刚刚勉强飞行。
We were way over-.gross on weight.
我们的体重太重了。
We had a whole bunch of people on board.
我们船上有一大群人。
We flew all the way back to Masirah Island on three engines.
我们乘坐三台发动机一路飞回马西拉岛。
When we landed they determined who the eight were who were left behind.
当我们着陆时，他们确定了剩下的八个人。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The day of the failed mission was one of the worst days of my life, perhaps the worst day of my life.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：任务失败的那天是我一生中最糟糕的日子之一，也许是我一生中最糟糕的一天。
There was a possibility that the assault force and everybody involved would have accomplished the ultimate special operation.
突击部队和所有相关人员有可能完成最终的特别行动。
You live for that.
你为此而活。
That's your business.
那是您的事。
White House Switchboard Operator (archive): General Jones, one moment Mr. President sir.
白宫总机接线员（档案）：琼斯将军，请稍等，总统先生。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Hello.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：您好。
General David Jones (archive): Yes sir Mr. President.
大卫·琼斯将军（档案）：是的，总统先生。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Anything else?
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：还有什么吗？
General David Jones (archive): Yes, sir.
大卫·琼斯将军（档案）：是的，长官。
I've just got a report from (unintelligible).
我刚刚收到一份来自（难以理解）的报告。
He believes that all Americans who were alive are off the ground.
他相信所有活着的美国人都已经离开了地面。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): All Americans what?
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：所有美国人什么？
General David Jones (archive): Who are, he said, who are alive.
大卫·琼斯将军（档案）：他说，谁还活着。
The pilot is missing and presumed dead.
飞行员失踪并推测已死亡。
The passengers, most got out, but there may have been some trapped in there.
大多数乘客都逃了出来，但可能还有一些被困在那里。
And they haven't been able to make an exact account.
他们还无法做出准确的账目。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): I understand.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：我明白。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I was awakened in the middle of the night and told that our forces had not made it and were on their way out.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我在半夜被叫醒，并被告知我们的部队尚未成功，正在撤离。
The failure of the mission was extremely hard to take.
任务的失败令人极其难以接受。
I still feel that way about it.
我仍然有这样的感觉。
I think it was the worst day of my life, both for the benefit of the hostages and the U.S. government and Carter and everything.
我认为这是我一生中最糟糕的一天，无论是为了人质、美国政府、卡特还是一切。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I, you know, came in and we did damage control as best we could.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：你知道，我进来了，我们尽最大努力控制了损害。
But basically that there was not much damage control that you could really do.
但基本上，你真正能做的伤害控制并不多。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): It was my decision to attempt the rescue operation.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：尝试救援行动是我的决定。
It was my decision to cancel it when problems developed in the placement of our rescue team for a future rescue operation.
当我们在未来的救援行动中安置救援队时出现问题时，我决定取消它。
The responsibility is fully my own.
责任完全由我个人承担。
British Reporter (archive): The landing site the Americans chose was through the mountains out in the flat remote desert, 10 miles from habitation.
英国记者（档案）：美国人选择的登陆地点是穿过群山，位于平坦偏远的沙漠中，距离居住地 10 英里。
But across it runs a road upon which perhaps a dozen vehicles pass each hour.
但它对面有一条道路，每小时大约有十几辆车经过。
The Americans seem not to have anticipated that one would pass whilst they were here.
美国人似乎没有预料到他们在这里的时候会过去。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The first thing in my mind's eye that went wrong was the choice of Desert One.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：我脑海中第一个出错的地方是选择“沙漠一号”。
I, of course in hindsight have thought long and hard about why the hell did we do this there?
当然，事后看来，我认真地思考了我们到底为什么要在那里这么做？
And I don't know.
我不知道。
But I do know that the CIA helped us pick that site.
但我确实知道中央情报局帮助我们选择了那个地点。
The CIA didn't pick that site off a map.
中央情报局并没有从地图上挑选那个地点。
In all likelihood, they had used that site for a small airplane in-fill or for agent ex-fils or for some other purpose down through history.
很可能，他们曾将该地点用于一架小型飞机的填充或用于前任特工或用于历史上的其他目的。
And instead of looking for a piece of terrain that was really remote and isolated, they went with the known.
他们没有寻找真正偏远和孤立的地形，而是选择了已知的地形。
And of course, the known resulted in two vehicles driving through the middle of our clandestine special operation before we were an hour into it.
当然，在我们进入秘密特别行动一小时之前，已知的结果是两辆车驶过我们的秘密特别行动。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Do you recall why we decided to land just adjacent to a highway?
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：你还记得为什么我们决定在高速公路附近降落吗？
General David Jones (archive): It's not a highway sir, it's that little road.
大卫·琼斯将军（档案）：先生，这不是高速公路，而是那条小路。
It was the only place we've been able to find so far that we could land the 130’s.
这是迄今为止我们能找到的唯一可以让 130 降落的地方。
And we looked and looked and looked and it's the only place we found.
我们看了又看，这是我们找到的唯一地方。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): OK, thank you.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：好的，谢谢。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: And the fact that General Jones couldn't answer the president and fact that the president asked the question point blank, that rang bells for me.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：琼斯将军无法回答总统，而且总统直截了当地问了这个问题，这一事实给我敲响了警钟。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: I was in Germany when the rescue mission took place, and I had a premonition the night before.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：救援行动发生时我正在德国，前一天晚上我有一种预感。
The next morning when I woke up, one of the reporters who had been with us came and told us eight men had been killed trying to free the hostages.
第二天早上，当我醒来时，一位和我们在一起的记者过来告诉我们，八名男子在营救人质的过程中被杀。
You know, they tried.
你知道，他们尝试过。
It was just so sad.
真是太悲伤了。
The fire and the loss of life, it's just.
火灾和生命损失，只是这样。
It hurts, it still hurts.
很痛，仍然很痛。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: I was in the CBS suite in Tehran with a bunch of very, very seasoned American correspondents watching the film of Ayatollah Khalkhali and the other Iranians displaying the bodies of the dead marines and crowing over it.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆，外国记者：我当时在德黑兰的哥伦比亚广播公司套间里，和一群非常非常经验丰富的美国记者一起观看阿亚图拉·哈尔哈利和其他伊朗人展示死去的海军陆战队员尸体并为之欢呼的电影。
Ayatollah Khalkhali, Chief Justice, Islamic Revolutionary Court (archive): This is America’s crime.
阿亚图拉·哈尔哈利，伊斯兰革命法院首席法官（档案）：这是美国的罪行。
Humanity has to cry because of the crimes America has committed.
人类不得不为美国所犯下的罪行哭泣。
(in Farsi)
（波斯语）
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: In addition to the indecency of displaying these bodies, they were actually cheering.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：除了展示这些尸体的不雅之外，他们实际上是在欢呼。
And very seasoned, hardened correspondents in that suite were in tears.
那个套房里那些经验丰富、态度强硬的记者都流下了眼泪。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: Very disturbing footage.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：非常令人不安的镜头。
I mean, it's despicable behavior for senior officials in an alleged government to be behaving like that is truly beyond the pale.
我的意思是，一个所谓政府的高级官员的行为实在是太卑鄙了。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): As they left Iran following an unpredictable accident during the withdrawal, with eight of their fellow warriors dead, they carefully released without harm 44 Iranians who had passed by the site and who were detained to protect the integrity of the
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：在撤军过程中发生不可预测的事故后，他们离开伊朗，造成 8 名战友死亡，他们小心翼翼地释放了 44 名路过该地点并被拘留的伊朗人，以保护伊朗的完整性。
mission.
使命。
This is in sharp comparison to the ghoulish action of the terrorists and some of the government officials in Iran, in our embassy.
这与恐怖分子和一些政府官员在伊朗、我们大使馆的残暴行为形成了鲜明的对比。
John Chancelor (archive): The question being asked most often today was, will the president get some sympathy because he tried and failed?
约翰·钱斯勒（档案）：今天最常被问到的问题是，总统会因为他尝试但失败而得到一些同情吗？
Or will the failure of the mission make even more people question Mr. Carter's competence?
还是任务的失败会让更多人质疑卡特先生的能力？
Radio Talkshow Host (archive): Good morning, you're on KDKA conversations, this is Jim DiMarco.
广播脱口秀主持人（存档）：早上好，您正在收听 KDKA 对话，我是吉姆·迪马科。
Radio Show Call In (archive): Hello.
广播节目来电（存档）：你好。
I just like to say that I've never been an admirer of President Carter’s.
我只是想说，我从来都不是卡特总统的崇拜者。
But I think that what he’s done now is wonderful.
但我认为他现在所做的事情很棒。
I'm very proud of him.
我为他感到非常自豪。
Even if it did fail and it makes me proud to be an American.
即使它确实失败了，这也让我为自己是一名美国人而感到自豪。
Radio Talkshow Host (archive): Good morning.
广播脱口秀主持人（档案）：早上好。
You're on KDKA conversations.
您正在参加 KDKA 对话。
Radio Show Call In (archive): I'm wondering why the president hasn’t done something before now.
广播节目来电（存档）：我想知道为什么总统之前没有采取行动。
He has waited…
他已经等了……
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Whatever else one may believe, the rescue mission probably doomed Carter’s reelection campaign.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：无论人们相信什么，救援任务可能注定了卡特的连任竞选。
Ronald Reagan (archive): Isn't it about time that we decided we don't care if they don't like us, we're going to be respected.
罗纳德·里根（档案）：现在不是我们决定不在乎他们是否不喜欢我们的时候了，我们将受到尊重。
Let us be respected to the point that never again will a demented dictator dare to invade an American embassy and hold our people hostage.
让我们受到尊重，一个疯狂的独裁者再也不敢入侵美国大使馆并扣押我们的人民作为人质。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: If the hostages had been rescued from under the noses of the Iranians, Carter would have won the election.
美国人质的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：如果人质在伊朗人眼皮底下被救出，卡特就会赢得选举。
He would have been the hero, and that would have been it.
他本来会成为英雄，仅此而已。
If, on the other hand, it had failed and the hostages had been killed, it could be argued that we tried.
另一方面，如果它失败了并且人质被杀，那么就可以说我们尝试过。
What happened was the worst thing that could possibly happen to Jimmy Carter.
所发生的事情是吉米·卡特可能发生的最糟糕的事情。
The rescue mission failed.
营救任务失败了。
And the hostages were still hostage.
人质仍然是人质。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy:
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)：
On April 24th, they took us out of the embassy and everybody was dispersed all over the country.
4月24日，他们把我们带出了使馆，大家被分散到全国各地。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I not only felt terrible for the American military men, but I also felt that we were no longer going to have any type of exit.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我不仅为美国军人感到难过，而且我还觉得我们将不再有任何形式的出口。
There was no way that the United States was going to try this again.
美国不可能再尝试这种做法。
At the time, I was upset that the rescue didn't succeed, and if I had died during that situation, it would have ended the misery of captivity.
当时我为营救没有成功而感到难过，如果当时我死了，就可以结束被囚禁的痛苦了。
By June, we were in Evin prison, which is considered the worst prison in Iran.
到了六月，我们被关进了埃文监狱，这被认为是伊朗最糟糕的监狱。
We were in prison cells.
我们在牢房里。
We had a window with bars that were about 13 feet high.
我们的窗户上有大约 13 英尺高的栅栏。
It was very dark.
天很黑。
It was a bulb hanging from the ceiling and all the windows were blocked with bricks.
天花板上挂着一个灯泡，所有的窗户都用砖块堵住了。
There was a vent with a fan.
有一个带风扇的通风口。
The light was hitting the vent and would reflect on our ceiling.
光线射到通风口，会反射到我们的天花板上。
This one beautiful bird would come at a certain time in the afternoon and just sit on a branch and I'd watch him.
这只美丽的鸟会在下午的某个时间飞来，坐在树枝上，我会看着他。
I would tell you the other three in the cell, he's here.
我会告诉你牢房里的其他三个人，他在这里。
And we would just sit there mesmerized by him.
我们就坐在那里被他迷住了。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: He was just there tweeting.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：他刚刚在那里发推文。
It was some way where I can move myself out of this horror into something beautiful.
这是我可以让自己摆脱这种恐惧，进入美好事物的一种方式。
I was.
我是。
Living in darkness, most of the time and there was that bird of light.
大部分时间都生活在黑暗中，而那只光之鸟却存在。
The Iranians were censoring our mail.
伊朗人正在审查我们的邮件。
But I did get a letter one day.
但有一天我确实收到了一封信。
My nephew said, ‘I'm looking forward to seeing you at my bar mitzvah and it's going to be this in this date.’ And then he writes, ‘the Shah is dead’.
我的侄子说：“我很期待在我的成人礼上见到你，今天就是这样。”然后他写道，“国王去世了”。
And then it continues on with the bar mitzvah and what's going on at home.
然后继续进行成人礼和家里发生的事情。
Reporter (archive): Death came at 9:50 this morning in a Cairo military hospital where the Shah had spent the last 31 days fighting complications of cancer surgery done in March.
记者（档案）：今天早上 9 点 50 分，国王在开罗一家军事医院去世，过去 31 天里，国王一直在医院与 3 月份进行的癌症手术的并发症作斗争。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy : Once I learned that the Shah was dead, the guards were not unashamed about talking about it.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：当我得知国王去世后，警卫们并没有羞于谈论这件事。
There was this great glee of his death.
他的死充满了欢乐。
Reporter (archive): Tehran radio ran the news under the headline ‘The Bloodsucker of the Century is Dead.’
记者（档案）：德黑兰电台以“世纪吸血鬼已死”为标题报道了这条新闻。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: But at the same time they admired the respect that the Shah received in his burial out in Egypt.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：但与此同时，他们也钦佩国王在埃及的葬礼中受到的尊重。
Reporter (archive): It would seem as though this could be some kind of turning point in the entire crisis.
记者（档案）：看起来这可能是整个危机的某种转折点。
But in talking to people here today, I get no sense whatsoever that any imminent break is expected.
但今天与这里的人们交谈时，我完全没有感觉到任何即将到来的中断。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: By the time the Shah actually died, it had long ago ceased to be about him.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：当国王真正去世时，人们早已不再关注他了。
And it wasn’t really about American hostages.
这实际上与美国人质无关。
It was about a power struggle in Iran.
这是关于伊朗的权力斗争。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: In the mid to late September, September 20th approximately, there was some bombing going on in Tehran.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森：9月中下旬，即9月20日左右，德黑兰发生了一些爆炸事件。
I could hear jet planes going over.
我能听到喷气式飞机飞过的声音。
What was strange is that the students were not saying Margbar America, but Margbar Saddam Hussein.
奇怪的是，学生们说的不是“Margbar America”，而是“Margbar Saddam Hussein”。
Ah, there has to be a war going on between the Iraqis and the Iranians.
啊，伊拉克人和伊朗人之间一定会发生战争。
Little did I know that it was a full-fledged invasion.
我几乎不知道这是一次全面的入侵。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: Shah Saddam Hussein had invaded in September of 1980, thinking he could just capitalize on the chaos that Iran was in because of the revolution.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆，外国记者：沙阿·萨达姆·侯赛因于 1980 年 9 月入侵伊朗，认为他可以利用伊朗因革命而陷入的混乱。
Reporter (archive): The Iraqi’s set out to take Iran’s main oil center, Abadan.
记者（档案）：伊拉克人开始攻占伊朗主要石油中心阿巴丹。
Despite their internal political problems, the Iranians are confident about their own superiority.
尽管存在内部政治问题，伊朗人对自己的优势充满信心。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: The Iranians fought back hard.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：伊朗人进行了猛烈反击。
They even members of the Air Force, especially their elite pilots, released from prison where the revolutionaries had put them, so that they could have an air force.
他们甚至将空军成员，特别是他们的精英飞行员，从革命者关押的监狱中释放出来，以便他们能够拥有一支空军。
But it was a very very costly war in lives and in misery.
但这是一场代价高昂的战争，造成生命和苦难。
Reporter (archive): It’s believed the Iranian Army, Air Force and Navy have now deteriorated to a disastrous level 15 to 20 percent of normal.
记者（档案）：据信伊朗陆军、空军和海军的情况现在已经恶化到正常水平的 15% 到 20% 的灾难性水平。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The Iranian regime is on its knees.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：伊朗政权已经屈服。
The last thing that the Iranian government and Khomeini needed was another six months of the hostage crisis.
伊朗政府和霍梅尼最不需要的就是人质危机再持续六个月。
This is a pure distraction from survival against Iraqis.
这纯粹是对伊拉克人生存的干扰。
And yet for some reason they continue to hold the hostages.
但由于某种原因，他们继续扣押人质。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: I remember going to the war front, this is a group of us in the press.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome）：我记得去战争前线，这是我们一群新闻界人士。
We were in a little village and the villagers are all chanting Margbar America, Death to America.
我们在一个小村庄里，村民们都在高喊“美国玛格巴”、“美国之死”。
They're standing on the rubble of their village that had just been bombed by the Iraqis.
他们站在刚刚被伊拉克人轰炸的村庄的废墟上。
And we said, ‘wait a minute, why are you shouting Margbar America?’ And they said, ‘we can't see Allah, but we know he is there.
我们说，‘等一下，你们为什么大喊“玛格巴尔美国”？’他们说，‘我们看不到安拉，但我们知道他在那里。
And just the same, we can't see the Americans, but we know they are there.’ America had achieved a kind of extraordinary status as an omniscient, omnipotent, not a God, but a demon.
同样，我们看不到美国人，但我们知道他们就在那里。”美国已经取得了一种非凡的地位，作为一个无所不知、无所不能的国家，不是上帝，而是恶魔。
The Great Satan.
大撒旦。
Nothing could persuade these people that it wasn’t America behind this war.
没有什么能让这些人相信这场战争不是美国幕后黑手。
That was always an extraordinary thing was how large America loomed in the mythology and in the minds of everybody.
美洲在神话中和每个人的心中都有如此巨大的影响力，这始终是一件非同寻常的事情。
Ted Koppel (archive): Who could have predicted, a full year after the US embassy was seized, the Ayatollah Khomeini would tell the radicals that they had proved a small nation can humiliate a great power and get away with it.
特德·科佩尔（档案）：谁能预料到，在美国大使馆被占领整整一年后，阿亚图拉霍梅尼会告诉激进分子，他们已经证明一个小国可以羞辱一个大国并侥幸逃脱惩罚。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: It was Khomeini’s aim to make sure that Carter would lose the election.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森：霍梅尼的目的是确保卡特输掉选举。
They didn’t know what would happen in the future by they certainly wanted to hand Carter a defeat.
他们不知道未来会发生什么，他们当然想给卡特一场失败。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: The hostage crisis was the reason Jimmy Carter lost the election.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子：人质危机是吉米·卡特落选的原因。
He couldn't solve the hostage crisis.
他无法解决人质危机。
He wasn't seen as a person who could solve the problems that were presented to the United States at that time.
他不被视为能够解决当时美国面临的问题的人。
Tom Brokaw (archive): It is not only a very big evening for Ronald Reagan, but it is a big evening for conservative activists throughout this country.
汤姆·布罗考（档案）：这不仅对罗纳德·里根来说是一个非常重要的夜晚，而且对全国保守派活动人士来说也是一个重要的夜晚。
Reporter (archive): The size of Ronald Reagan's victory in terms of electoral votes will be historic.
记者（档案）：罗纳德·里根在选举人票方面取得的胜利将是历史性的。
The electoral vote count now stands: President Carter, 45, Ronald Reagan 449.
目前选举人票数为：卡特总统，45 票，罗纳德·里根，449 票。
Master of Ceremonies (archive): And here he is the President-Elect.
司仪（档案）：他是当选总统。
Crowd (archive): We want Reagan!
人群（档案）：我们想要里根！
We want Reagan!
我们要里根！
President-Elect Ronald Reagan (archive): Thank you very much.
当选总统罗纳德·里根（档案）：非常感谢。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: The hostage crisis was a tragedy for Jimmy Carter.
外国记者卡罗尔·杰罗姆：人质危机对吉米·卡特来说是一场悲剧。
It was a tragedy for the people at the embassy.
这对大使馆的人们来说是一场悲剧。
It was a tragedy for the moderate leadership of Iran.
对于伊朗的温和领导层来说，这是一场悲剧。
And it was above all a tragedy for the people of Iran.
对于伊朗人民来说，这首先是一场悲剧。
It was an excuse for the hardliners to completely take over.
这是强硬派全面接管的借口。
Because nobody could speak out against it.
因为没有人能站出来反对。
It was treason.
这是叛国罪。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: Khomeini used the Iran Iraq War to eliminate political opponents by putting them on the front lines with no weapons and having them to suicide charges.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：霍梅尼利用两伊战争消灭政治对手，将他们放在没有武器的前线，并以自杀罪名指控他们。
They used those human wave attacks to purge their ranks of those more moderates who were not fully on board with a Shia fundamentalist Islamic Republic.
他们利用人海攻击来清除队伍中那些不完全支持什叶派原教旨主义伊斯兰共和国的温和派。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: It had taken Sadegh Ghotbzadeh all his life to build this revolution.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：萨德·高布扎德（Sadegh Ghotbzadeh）用了一生的时间来推动这场革命。
It turned out that instead of bringing wonderful freedom and democracy to his country, he had brought it a monster.
事实证明，他没有给他的国家带来美好的自由和民主，而是给它带来了一个怪物。
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh (archive): This radicalization, when if faces the reality of things, it has to change itself or be destroyed.
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh（档案）：这种激进化，当面对事物的现实时，它必须改变自己或被摧毁。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: And he tried to organize a revolt to save the revolution.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：他试图组织一场起义来拯救革命。
They caught wind of what he was doing, and he was arrested.
他们听说了他的所作所为，于是他被捕了。
Reporter (archive): Sadegh Ghotbzadeh became a household word in the United States.
记者（档案）：Sadegh Ghotbzadeh 在美国已成为家喻户晓的词。
He was Iran's foreign minister, its chief spokesman to the world.
他是伊朗外交部长，也是伊朗对外的首席发言人。
Well, tonight, in the latest bizarre twist of events, Ghotbzadeh himself as a captive in Tehran.
好吧，今晚，在最新的离奇事件中，戈特布扎德本人成为德黑兰的俘虏。
Carole Jerome, Foreign Correspondent: He was accused of developing a plot to blow up Khomeini's house, which was in fact true.
卡罗尔·杰罗姆（Carole Jerome），外国记者：他被指控策划炸毁霍梅尼的房子，事实上这是真的。
I remember the last time he saw me, he said, you have to get out of here.
我记得他最后一次见到我时，他说，你必须离开这里。
Now.
现在。
They had decided that it would be useful if they arrested me and claimed I was his CIA contact.
他们决定逮捕我并声称我是他的中央情报局联系人，这会很有用。
Which was totally ludicrous.
这完全是荒谬的。
I am so far from being an agent of anything.
我还远没有成为任何事情的代理人。
I was very worried about being picked up at the airport, but I got through okay.
我非常担心在机场被接机，但我还是平安度过了。
And when I got to London, I was told that the Revolutionary Guards had arrived at my room three hours after I left, to pick me up.
当我到达伦敦时，我被告知革命卫队在我离开三小时后到达我的房间来接我。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The Iranians wanted to be done with this.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：伊朗人希望结束这件事。
They were losing money, they were losing reputation, they were losing everything.
他们正在赔钱，他们正在失去声誉，他们正在失去一切。
Iran had $12 billion in assets in the United States, 12 billion dollars, most of it in gold and huge quantities of money.
伊朗在美国拥有120亿美元的资产，120亿美元，其中大部分是黄金和巨额资金。
When the hostage crisis struck, we froze those assets.
当人质危机发生时，我们冻结了这些资产。
As time went on that became more and more important to them.
随着时间的推移，这对他们来说变得越来越重要。
So it really came down to money.
所以这真的归结为金钱。
Jim Lehrer (archive): Has there been significant movement in the last 24 hours toward a settlement?
Jim Lehrer（档案）：过去 24 小时内是否出现了重大的和解进展？
Zbignew Brzezinski (archive): No, I'm afraid I couldn't say that there has been significant movement.
兹比格纽·布热津斯基（档案）：不，恐怕我不能说已经发生了重大变化。
There have been continuing discussions.
人们一直在持续讨论。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The big holdup was the banks, bank loans that were syndicated all over the world.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：最大的阻碍是银行，是世界各地银团贷款。
And ultimately in our negotiations with them they offered to pay off all of those loans down to zero.
最终，在我们与他们的谈判中，他们提出将所有这些贷款还清至零。
So Iran's $12 billion dollars basically whittled away.
所以伊朗的120亿美元基本上就被削减了。
There was a little bit left, which was about $3 billion.
还剩下一点点，大约是 30 亿美元。
British News Anchor (archive): Well, after almost a year and a quarter in captivity, the 52 American hostages really seem on the verge of freedom.
英国新闻主播（档案）：嗯，在被囚禁了近一年又四分之一之后，52 名美国人质似乎真的即将获得自由。
And what is known as that President Carter has made over $2 billion worth of Iranian gold and securities available as part of the terms for a deal.
众所周知，卡特总统已经提供了价值超过 20 亿美元的伊朗黄金和证券，作为交易条款的一部分。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Imagine any other president in American history who has just lost a devastating reelection campaign, would devote themselves totally to the job of actually getting us out of this problem and resolving it before leaving office.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：想象一下，美国历史上任何一位刚刚在一场毁灭性的连任竞选中落败的总统，都会全身心投入到真正让我们摆脱这个问题并在离任前解决它的工作中。
Pretty much nobody.
几乎没有人。
But Carter, he worked at it day and night.
但是卡特，他夜以继日地工作。
President Jimmy Carter: I know you've been up all night with me and I appreciate that very much.
吉米·卡特总统：我知道你和我彻夜不眠，我非常感激。
We have now reached an agreement with Iran which will result, I believe, in the freedom of our American hostages.
我们现在已经与伊朗达成协议，我相信这将导致我们的美国人质获得自由。
Reporter (archive): Word has just been received from Algiers that an agreement has now been signed to free the American hostages.
记者（档案）：刚刚从阿尔及尔收到消息称，已经签署了一项释放美国人质的协议。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: At the end, it was agreed, it was signed, and then we had to actually do the transaction.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：最后，我们达成了一致，并签署了协议，然后我们必须实际进行交易。
That is literally moving the gold from one place to another.
这实际上是将黄金从一个地方转移到另一个地方。
Moving the assets from one account to another account.
将资产从一个账户转移到另一个账户。
It was a nightmare.
这是一场噩梦。
Vice President Walter Mondale (archive): There are some very complex banking problems, legal problems that we're trying to resolve within hours that under normal commercial circumstances might take months to resolve.
副总裁沃尔特·蒙代尔（档案）：我们试图在几个小时内解决一些非常复杂的银行问题和法律问题，而在正常商业情况下可能需要几个月的时间才能解决。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): If it could get there at eight o'clock in the morning, oh I see the time difference…
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：如果它能在早上八点到达那里，哦，我看到时差了……
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: And the problem was resolved literally the night before the inauguration.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：这个问题实际上在就职前一天晚上就得到了解决。
President Jimmy Carter (archive): Hello.
吉米·卡特总统（档案）：您好。
Right on man, that's great.
就在男人身上，这太棒了。
That's great.
那太棒了。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: Carter basically slept in the Oval Office that night.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：卡特那天晚上基本上睡在椭圆形办公室。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: They were up at the White House trying to get this done.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：他们在白宫试图完成这件事。
I was at my parents home and the press thought it was going to happen.
我当时在父母家里，媒体认为这将会发生。
They were all outside the front gate wanting me to come out and make a comment.
他们都在前门外想让我出来发表评论。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): I just had the radio on.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：我刚刚打开了收音机。
They said that they’re expecting things to happen momentarily.
他们说他们期待事情会立即发生。
However, we've been expecting things to happen momentarily for 4 days now.
然而，四天来我们一直在期待事情会立即发生。
And so when the plane actually leaves the ground I think that when we will breath a sigh of relief.
因此，当飞机真正离开地面时，我想那时我们就会松一口气。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: We were told you had to be ready within an hour.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我们被告知必须在一小时内做好准备。
An hour.
一个小时。
Just think about it.
想一想吧。
All this time and now bang, an hour.
一直到现在，现在已经是一个小时了。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: The transaction was being done, then I went downstairs to the operations center of the White House.
国家安全委员会工作人员加里·西克：交易正在进行中，然后我下楼去了白宫的运营中心。
And I had a phone in one hand which had a permanent connection to Carter, who was driving up to the Capitol to go through the inauguration.
我手里拿着一部电话，与卡特保持着永久的联系，当时他正在开车前往国会大厦参加就职典礼。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: We were marched out single file.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我们排成一列列队出发。
And there was this bus.
还有这辆公共汽车。
There we start to move.
在那里我们开始行动。
Within a half an hour bus stops.
半小时内公交车站。
And we had to go through this phalanx of our former guards who were spitting at us as we move toward this airplane.
当我们走向这架飞机时，我们必须穿过这群前警卫，他们向我们吐口水。
It was so unnecessary.
这是非常没有必要的。
Why continue to humiliate us even further?
为什么还要继续羞辱我们？
This attendant on the plane helps me up the staircase, and then I look around and I'm seeing everyone who I hadn't seen for months.
飞机上的服务员扶我走上楼梯，然后我环顾四周，看到了几个月不见的每个人。
I sat down.
我坐了下来。
Our pilot said we needed to go through Iranian airspace and there could be the possibility of an intercept with the Iranian Air Force.
我们的飞行员说我们需要穿过伊朗领空，并且可能会遭到伊朗空军的拦截。
So hold on.
所以坚持下去。
Those moments were interminable.
那些时刻是无休无止的。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We were getting second by second updates.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我们正在逐秒获得更新。
And I kept interfering with Carter’s ride up the hill.
我一直在干扰卡特上山的路。
It looked like it was going to happen and then I gave him the final report before they went out on the stage.
看起来这件事即将发生，然后在他们上台之前我给了他最后的报告。
President Ronald Reagan (archive): I, Ronald Reagan, do solemnly swear
罗纳德·里根总统（档案）：我，罗纳德·里根，庄严宣誓
Chief Justice Warren Burger (archive): That I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States.
首席大法官沃伦·伯格（档案）：我将忠实地履行美国总统的职责。
President Ronald Reagan (archive): That I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States.
罗纳德·里根总统（档案）：我将忠实地履行美国总统的职责。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Finally, we crossed the Turkish border.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我们终于越过了土耳其边境。
Everybody looked at everybody else.
每个人都看着其他人。
We're all smiling and laughing, telling jokes, just slapping each other on the shoulder.
我们都笑着说着笑话，只是拍着对方的肩膀。
I mean, we went wild.
我的意思是，我们变得疯狂。
It's over.
结束了。
It's finally over.
终于结束了。
The misery is over and maybe there’ll be a good life ahead.
苦难已经过去，也许美好的生活就在前方。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: And that was it.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：就是这样。
I opened the door of the operation center and stepped out into the halls of the White House and there were huge portraits of Reagan everywhere.
我打开运营中心的门，走进白宫的大厅，到处都是里根的巨幅肖像。
And it was a different world.
那是一个不同的世界。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: In the end, we were talking about theater.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退役：最后，我们谈论的是戏剧。
You can't get more theater than having the airplane take off from Tehran minutes after Ronald Reagan takes the oath of office.
没有比罗纳德·里根宣誓就职几分钟后飞机从德黑兰起飞更戏剧性的了。
Now that is political theater and the extreme.
现在这就是政治戏剧，而且是极端的。
Crowd of Neighbors (archive): Yay!
邻居们（档案）：耶！
Barbara!
芭芭拉！
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: Finally, the news came through that they had taken off and it was just a big celebration at the house.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），美国人质的妻子：最后，他们起飞的消息传来，家里正在举行盛大的庆祝活动。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage (archive): You can tell everybody.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子（档案）：你可以告诉所有人。
Come on.
快点。
Up.
向上。
Let's get up.
我们起来吧。
Tell everybody.
告诉大家吧。
What did we just find out?
我们刚刚发现了什么？
What we just find out?
我们刚刚发现了什么？
That what?
那什么？
Alexander Rosen (archive): Daddy’s coming home!
亚历山大·罗森（档案）：爸爸回家了！
Hostage Family Member (archive): Oh my god it’s over.
人质家属（档案）：天哪，结束了。
Hostage Family Member (archive): We’re so happy.
人质家属（档案）：我们很高兴。
Dan Rather (archive): The hostages are out.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：人质已经出来了。
The hostage aircraft are now nearing Algiers, Algeria.
人质飞机目前正在接近阿尔及利亚的阿尔及尔。
Barbara Rose, Wife of American Hostage: , who's in our studio here, Barbara Rose, Wife of American Hostage: , I'm just going to ask you briefly what your thoughts are at this moment when you see that airplane touch down in Algiers.
芭芭拉·罗斯，《美国人质》的妻子： ，在我们的演播室里， 芭芭拉·罗斯，《美国人质》的妻子： ，我只想简单地问一下，当您看到那架飞机在阿尔及尔降落时，此时您的想法是什么。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: Just that we wish you would touch down and see who's aboard.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），“美国人质”号的妻子：我们只是希望你能降落看看谁在机上。
It is very nerve wracking.
这非常令人伤脑筋。
Reporter (archive): Dan, the plane has just landed here at Bourmediene airport in Algiers.
记者（档案）：丹，飞机刚刚降落在阿尔及尔的布尔梅丁机场。
We finally have two planes from Tehran on the ground here in Algiers.
我们终于有两架来自德黑兰的飞机降落在阿尔及尔的地面上。
The plane is taxiing into our position.
飞机正在滑行到我们的位置。
The Algerian television crew that is shooting these pictures for us has moved out onto the tarmac.
为我们拍摄这些照片的阿尔及利亚电视台工作人员已经搬到停机坪上。
There is quite a group of dignitaries just waiting here to greet the hostages.
有不少达官贵人正在这里等待迎接人质。
The former hostages, I guess we should say.
我想我们应该说是前人质。
The door is open.
门是开着的。
Dan Rather (archive): This is one of those occasions.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：这就是其中之一。
It’s such an exciting moment, such a dramatic moment, such a meaningful moment.
这是一个如此激动人心的时刻，如此戏剧性的时刻，如此有意义的时刻。
We want it to speak for itself.
我们希望它能自己说话。
Reporter (archive): Here they come, Dan.
记者（档案）：他们来了，丹。
Dan Rather (archive): That's Bruce Laingen, and Richard Queen if you can help me with these identifications.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：那是布鲁斯·兰根（Bruce Laingen）和理查德·奎因（Richard Queen），如果你们能帮我进行这些识别的话。
Richard Queen: That’s Ann Swift on the left.
理查德·奎恩：左边是安·斯威夫特。
Kate Koob on the right.
右边是凯特·库布。
Ah, Charlie Jones…
啊，查理·琼斯……
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: I have the pleasure.
《美国人质》的妻子芭芭拉·罗森：我很荣幸。
That's Barry Rosen.
那是巴里·罗森。
Dan Rather (archive): Barbara Rosen recognizing her husband.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：芭芭拉·罗森认出了她的丈夫。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: When Barry got off the plane, I remember saying, I'd like to introduce everybody now to my husband, Barry Rosen.
芭芭拉·罗森，《美国人质》的妻子：当巴里下飞机时，我记得我说过，现在我想向大家介绍我的丈夫巴里·罗森。
That's him.
就是他。
You know.
你知道。
Dan Rather (archive): The 52 American hostages, all of them back.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：52 名人质，全部回来了。
Reporter (archive): Certainly that's the thing that we can feel here in Algiers, Dan, is their happiness.
记者（档案）：丹，我们在阿尔及尔当然能感受到他们的幸福。
They certainly appear to be well in spite of the ordeal from what we're able to see.
尽管从我们所看到的情况来看，他们确实表现得很好，尽管经历了磨难。
Dan Rather (archive): You saw your husband briefly as he stepped off the aircraft.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：当你的丈夫走下飞机时，你短暂地看到了他。
How did he look?
他看起来怎么样？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: He looked wonderful.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子：他看起来很棒。
I can’t wait to see him in person now.
我现在迫不及待地想见到他本人。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy : Once we landed in Algiers it was absolutely pandemonium.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：当我们降落在阿尔及尔时，场面一片混乱。
We were only there for a very, very short time.
我们只在那里待了非常非常短的时间。
But the media was on top of all of us.
但媒体凌驾于我们所有人之上。
Former Hostage (archive): God bless America.
前人质（档案）：上帝保佑美国。
Former Hostage (archive): God bless America.
前人质（档案）：上帝保佑美国。
Dan Rather (archive): And now the 52 Americans will be brought inside for very brief ceremony and then for rapid transfer to the American aircraft for a flight to West Germany.
丹·拉瑟（档案）：现在 52 名美国人将被带入室内进行非常简短的仪式，然后快速转移到美国飞机上飞往西德。
Ted Koppel (archive): Day 444, the last day of captivity for the hostages in Iran.
Ted Koppel（档案）：第 444 天，伊朗人质被关押的最后一天。
Tonight they are free.
今晚他们有空了。
What a day.
多么美好的一天啊。
What a night.
多么美好的一个夜晚啊。
Here in Washington, the President is moving around town from one inaugural ball to another.
在华盛顿，总统正在城里从一个就职舞会转到另一个。
In Plains, Georgia, the former president is presumably getting his first sleep and almost three days.
在佐治亚州普莱恩斯，这位前总统可能正在第一次睡觉，而且已经快三天了。
But before dawn, he'll be airborne again, flying to West Germany, where he'll meet with the men and women whose fate over these past 444 days became his personal obsession.
但黎明前，他将再次空降，飞往西德，在那里他将与过去 444 天里那些命运成为他个人困扰的男男女女会面。
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: I went over in the airplane and we had a champagne toast to freedom.
加里·西克（Gary Sick），国家安全委员会工作人员：我坐飞机过去，我们为自由干杯香槟。
He wanted to be briefed on each one of the individuals.
他想了解每一个人的情况。
Find out their stories and background.
了解他们的故事和背景。
We got there and then went straight to the hospital.
我们到了那里，然后直接去了医院。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Once we landed in Wiesbaden there was this moment where we met Jimmy Carter.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我们一抵达威斯巴登，就遇到了吉米·卡特。
He was not the president anymore, but he was with Cyrus Vance.
他不再是总统了，但他和赛勒斯·万斯在一起。
And Jimmy Carter wanted to speak to us about what happened?
吉米·卡特想和我们谈谈发生了什么？
Gary Sick, National Security Council Staff: We got to the hospital, Carter, he went straight in and it was an extremely emotional moment.
加里·西克，国家安全委员会工作人员：我们到了医院，卡特，他直接进去了，那是一个非常激动人心的时刻。
He didn't know how these folks would react.
他不知道这些人会作何反应。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: I think he was brave to come into that room with 52 people who were held hostage for 14 and a half months.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我认为他很勇敢地走进那个房间，里面有 52 个人质，这些人被扣押了 14 个半月。
Some were very angry at him and they said that they were angry at him.
有些人对他非常生气，他们说他们对他很生气。
And he accepted the fact that they were angry at him and the administration.
他接受了他们对他和政府感到愤怒的事实。
He said to us he cared mostly about our lives more than anything else.
他对我们说，他最关心的是我们的生活。
And he was pushed to the rescue because there was no possibility of any negotiation with Iran.
他被迫出手救援，因为不可能与伊朗进行任何谈判。
No one would negotiate with the United States.
没有人愿意与美国谈判。
He stayed with us for a while.
他和我们一起呆了一段时间。
There were these booths all over the place so everybody could speak to their families all at once.
到处都有这些摊位，这样每个人都可以同时与家人交谈。
I spoke to Barbara and told her how much I missed her and I can't wait to see the children and how it'll be, you know, life will be beautiful once again.
我和芭芭拉交谈，告诉她我有多么想念她，我迫不及待地想见到孩子们，以及生活将会如何，你知道，生活将再次变得美好。
Of course that’s always the dream that people say they have.
当然，这始终是人们所说的梦想。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: It was a very strange time, but very good to hear his voice.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子：那是一个非常奇怪的时刻，但很高兴听到他的声音。
You know, I'm so happy that you're home, but you're not home yet.
你知道，我很高兴你回家了，但你还没回家。
You know?
你知道？
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: My mother-in-law got on the phone.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我岳母接了电话。
And before I know it, I got a tap on my shoulder and it was President Carter.
还没等我反应过来，我的肩膀就被拍了一下，是卡特总统。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: So Barry says here I'm putting Jimmy on the phone.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：所以巴里在这里说我要给吉米打电话。
So Jimmy Carter says to my mother, “hello, this is Jimmy.
吉米·卡特对我妈妈说：“你好，我是吉米。
Jimmy, this is Jimmy.” She says, “Jimmy who?”
吉米，这是吉米。”她说：“吉米是谁？”
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: They talked for a very long time, and I thought that was really a wonderful thing that he did.
美国大使馆新闻随员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：他们聊了很长时间，我认为他所做的真是一件了不起的事情。
It showed the compassion that he had.
这表明了他的同情心。
Former President Jimmy Carter (archive): On behalf of all American people, one of the acts in my life which has been the most moving and gratifying in meeting with and discussing the future and the past with the now liberated Americans who were held hostage in Iran for so long.
前总统吉米·卡特（档案）：代表所有美国人民，这是我一生中最感人、最令人欣慰的行为之一，与那些在伊朗被扣为人质这么久、现已获得解放的美国人会面并讨论未来和过去。
I pointed out to them that since their capture by the Iranian terrorists that the American people's hearts have gone out to them, that our nation has been united as perhaps never before in history, and that the prayers that have gone up from the people around the world to God for their safety have finally been answered.
我向他们指出，自从他们被伊朗恐怖分子抓获以来，美国人民的心与他们同在，我们的国家也许是历史上从未有过的团结，世界各地人民为他们的安全而向上帝祈祷的终于得到了回应。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: The hostages came home and he was just holding us all and we were just crying.
芭芭拉·罗森，美国人质的妻子：人质回家后，他抱着我们所有人，我们只是哭了。
We were flown to DC and there was a special reception at the White House.
我们飞往华盛顿，白宫举行了特别招待会。
From there we went up to New York.
从那里我们前往纽约。
Mayor Koch had a ticker tape parade and that was amazingly wonderful.
科赫市长举办了一场纸带游行，真是太棒了。
Because all Americans, we weren’t broken up into Republicans, Democrats, Conservatives, Liberals.
因为所有美国人，我们并没有分为共和党、民主党、保守党、自由党。
Everybody was just so happy that they all came home.
每个人都很高兴他们都回家了。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: It was very very difficult for me to understand why I became a celebrity.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我很难理解为什么我会成为名人。
I didn’t do anything heroic.
我没有做什么英雄事。
I just wanted to be back home again.
我只是想再次回到家。
But it was impossible.
但这是不可能的。
It was just totally impossible.
这是完全不可能的。
The story was too big.
这个故事太大了。
I felt obligations.
我感到有义务。
Television shows.
电视节目。
Writing a book.
写一本书。
Doing all these other things that I don’t know if I really wanted to do but I somehow felt that I was drawn into it.
做所有这些我不知道我是否真的想做的事情，但我不知何故觉得我被吸引进去了。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy (archive): This agonizing imprisonment.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）（档案）：这种痛苦的监禁。
This depersonalizing trial, led me once more….
这种去人格化的考验，再次引导我……
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: He was sort of frozen in that period of time.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：那段时间他有点被冻结了。
Just internalized everything and his life became very small.
只是将一切内化，他的生命就变得很小。
Mine on the other hand grew exponentially.
另一方面，我的增长呈指数级增长。
Prior to the hostage crisis I was always sort of in the background and I didn’t really have a voice.
在人质危机之前，我总是处于幕后，没有真正的发言权。
And then because I had to, I had to go ahead and become far more of a public person during that time.
然后因为我必须这么做，我必须继续前进，在那段时间里成为一个公众人物。
Reporter (archive): You now have taken control of the Rosen family?
记者（档案）：您现在已经掌控了罗森家族吗？
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: And it was hard when he came home and he felt that I was taking over doing everything.
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），《美国人质》的妻子：当他回到家时，他感到很难过，他觉得我正在接管一切。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: Barbara was very busy with the kids, busy with her own life.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：芭芭拉非常忙于照顾孩子，忙于自己的生活。
She was doing things with the media going back to school again and we weren’t seeing each other very often.
她再次回到学校与媒体做一些事情，我们并不经常见面。
But life intercedes and sometimes the dreams and hopes that you have are basically done away with in many ways.
但生活会调解，有时你的梦想和希望在很多方面基本上都被抹去了。
Barbara Rosen, Wife of American Hostage: So now Barry is home and how do you get everything back together?
芭芭拉·罗森（Barbara Rosen），美国人质的妻子：现在巴里回家了，你如何让一切恢复正常？
So there is a lot of negotiating that had to go on and a lot of reworking the relationship.
因此，必须进行大量谈判并重新调整关系。
I had a reporter who said to me, “What are you going to do now that your husband is home and you are not going to be on television anymore?” That’s not how I see myself.
有一位记者对我说：“既然你丈夫在家，而你不再上电视了，你打算怎么办？”我不是这样看待自己的。
Everybody wants to be a star.
每个人都想成为明星。
But you know I got little taste of what that was like and I did not like it.
但你知道我对那是什么样的感觉没什么了解，而且我不喜欢它。
And I went back eventually to teaching and I taught in Manhattan.
我最终回到了教学岗位，在曼哈顿教书。
And I think it was the best thing I could have ever done.
我认为这是我做过的最好的事情。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: We wanted our children to be enveloped in love and they are.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：我们希望我们的孩子被爱包围，他们确实做到了。
They are great, great kids, and I have wonderful grandchildren now.
他们都是很棒的孩子，我现在也有很棒的孙子了。
Loving and they are the very best.
有爱，他们是最好的。
Hilary Brown, Foreign Correspondent: You know in the 60s and 70s America spend billions supporting a pro-western Shah, arming him, and what they got was an Islamic revolution and a theocracy run by clerics who despise America.
希拉里·布朗，外国记者：你知道，在六十年代和七十年代，美国花费数十亿美元支持亲西方的国王，武装他，他们得到的是伊斯兰革命和由蔑视美国的神职人员管理的神权政治。
James Q.
詹姆斯·Q.
Roberts, Colonel, U.S. Army, Retired: The Iranian revolution and an impact across the Muslim world.
罗伯茨，美国陆军上校，退休：伊朗革命及其对穆斯林世界的影响。
And the idea that Iranian Shia were going to revert to a fundamentalist, devout, strict form of Islam shocked the Muslim world.
伊朗什叶派将恢复原教旨主义、虔诚、严格的伊斯兰教的想法震惊了穆斯林世界。
Barry Rosen, Press Attaché U.S. Embassy: It may not seem to contemporaries today that the 1979 hostage crisis has anything to do with the current situation between the United States and Iran.
美国大使馆新闻专员巴里·罗森（Barry Rosen）：在今天看来，1979 年的人质危机与美国和伊朗之间的当前局势没有任何关系。
In my mind it certainly does.
在我看来确实如此。
From the American side I honestly believe that a great deal of our motivation stems from humiliation.
从美国方面来说，我真诚地相信，我们的很大一部分动力来自于羞辱。
And in Iran the notion is that the United States is still the imperialist that it was in 1953 and in 1979 and that has not changed.
在伊朗，人们的观念是，美国仍然是 1953 年和 1979 年的帝国主义国家，这一点没有改变。
We should have been a closer friend to Iranian democracy.
我们应该成为伊朗民主的更亲密的朋友。
I think we lost our way.
我想我们迷失了方向。
TEXT on screen: Sadegh Ghotbzadeh was tortured and tried for plotting to overthrow the theocracy in Iran.
屏幕上的文字：Sadegh Ghotbzadeh 因密谋推翻伊朗神权政治而受到酷刑并受审。
He was executed by firing squad on September 15, 1982.
1982年9月15日，他被行刑队处决。
He was 42 years old.
他当时 42 岁。
TEXT on screen: Many of the former student hostage-takers were rewarded with senior positions in the Iranian government.
屏幕上的文字：许多前学生劫持者都获得了伊朗政府的高级职位。
“Mary” Ebtekar, spokesperson for the hostage-takers, rose to the rank of vice president of Iran.
人质劫持者的发言人“玛丽”·埃卜特卡晋升为伊朗副总统。
TEXT on screen: Barry and Barbara continue to advocate on behalf of political prisoners, hostages and their families all over the world.
屏幕上的文字：巴里和芭芭拉继续为世界各地的政治犯、人质及其家人发声。
They have been married for 50 years.
他们已经结婚50年了。
Khomeini and the hostage crisis provided the United States with a new face and faith to fear.
霍梅尼和人质危机为美国提供了新的面孔和恐惧的信心。
Who was behind the U.S. embassy takeover in 1979?
1979 年美国大使馆接管事件的幕后黑手是谁？
President Jimmy Carter confronted one of the most significant challenges of his presidency during the Iran hostage crisis.
伊朗人质危机期间，吉米·卡特总统面临着其总统任期内最重大的挑战之一。
As one of the hostages' wives, Barbara Rosen was thrust into the biggest media event of its era.
作为人质的妻子之一，芭芭拉·罗森被卷入了那个时代最大的媒体事件。
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran consolidated power after a CIA-backed coup in 1953 overthrew Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh.
1953 年，中央情报局支持的政变推翻了总理穆罕默德·摩萨台，伊朗末代国王穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维巩固了权力。
Explore a gallery capturing the close ties between the last Shah of Iran and six U.S. Presidents over a span of three decades.
探索一个画廊，捕捉伊朗末代国王与六位美国总统在三十年间的密切联系。
Barry Rosen was the press attaché at the U.S. embassy in Tehran during the Iran hostage crisis.
巴里·罗森在伊朗人质危机期间担任美国驻德黑兰大使馆新闻专员。
He first visited Iran in 1967 on a two-year Peace Corps mission and fell in love with the country.
1967 年，他第一次访问伊朗是为了执行为期两年的和平队任务，并爱上了这个国家。
And the words of the hostages who survived 444 days of captivity.
以及在 444 天的囚禁中幸存下来的人质的话。
The secret plan by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) to overthrow Iran's democratically elected government and its Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh.
美国中央情报局（CIA）和英国秘密情报局（SIS）的秘密计划旨在推翻伊朗民选政府及其总理穆罕默德·摩萨台。
Hilary Brown was the first female foreign correspondent at ABC News.
希拉里·布朗是美国广播公司新闻部第一位女驻外记者。
Her coverage included first-hand reports on the fall of Saigon, the Rwandan genocide, and the Iranian Revolution.
她的报道包括有关西贡陷落、卢旺达种族灭绝和伊朗革命的第一手报道。
From Jimmy Carter's "Crisis of Confidence" speech to the Hostage Crisis, here's a look at each year from 1970 to 1979.
从吉米·卡特的“信任危机”演讲到人质危机，以下是 1970 年至 1979 年每一年的回顾。
Who's who from the Iran Hostage Crisis, including Mary Ebtekar and Barry Rosen.
伊朗人质危机名人录，包括玛丽·艾卜特卡 (Mary Ebtekar) 和巴里·罗森 (Barry Rosen)。