Goin' Back To T-Town
Singer: I’m going back to T’Town / To get my women in line / Yes, I’m goin’ back to T’Town / Just to get my women in line.
歌手：我要回到 T'Town / 让我的女人们排队 / 是的，我要回到 T'Town / 只是为了让我的女人们排队。
James O.
詹姆斯·O.
Goodwin: Greenwood, growing up, was a very vibrant place, full of life.
古德温：格林伍德在成长过程中是一个充满活力、充满生机的地方。
Joe R.
乔·R。
Burns: And there were 35 or 40 stores from the top of Greenwood until Pine, and they were on each side of the street.
伯恩斯：从格林伍德山顶到派恩，有 35 或 40 家商店，它们分布在街道的两边。
Maxine Cissel Horner: Businesses were booming, people were living well and, of course, we supported one another because we didn’t move out of the community, so the money turned around in the community.
Maxine Cissel Horner：生意兴隆，人们生活得很好，当然，我们互相支持，因为我们没有搬出社区，所以钱在社区里周转。
Edward L.
爱德华·L。
Goodwin: There were beer taverns, there were sundry shops, ice cream parlors.
古德温：有啤酒馆、杂货店、冰淇淋店。
There were three or four drug stores.
药店有三四家。
There were beauty parlors, barbershops, hotels, and entertainers.
那里有美容院、理发店、旅馆和艺人。
James Homer Johnson: The whole shootin’ match was there, so anytime you wanted to find out what was goin’ on or who was in Tulsa, all you had to do was be on Greenwood, Thursday night through Saturday night.
詹姆斯·霍默·约翰逊：整场射击比赛都在那里，所以任何时候你想知道发生了什么或者谁在塔尔萨，你所要做的就是周四晚上到周六晚上在格林伍德。
James Goodwin: And the spirit was such that on one corner was the Holy Ghost and the other was heroin, not that that is a desired thing.
詹姆斯·古德温：精神是这样的，一个角落是圣灵，另一个角落是海洛因，但这并不是一件想要的事情。
That’s a reality.
这是现实。
Singer: And if you come down to Greenwood tomorrow / I’ll sing these blues some more.
歌手：如果你明天来格林伍德/我会再唱一些布鲁斯。
Mr. Burns: And Tulsa was highly segregated then.
伯恩斯先生：塔尔萨当时是高度种族隔离的。
If you were over on the other side of town, in downtown Tulsa, and you did the wrong thing, a police would stop you and he would tell you in very nasty terms where you could eat and where you could drink and where you couldn’t drink.
如果你在城镇的另一边，塔尔萨市中心，并且你做了错事，警察会阻止你，他会用非常令人讨厌的语言告诉你哪里可以吃，哪里可以喝，哪里不能喝。
And then, they had signs up, you know.
然后，他们就报名了，你知道。
No colored could drink at drinking fountains and eat in places.
有色人种不能在饮水机喝水，也不能在地方吃饭。
And we stood up — we couldn’t even stand up and eat in Tulsa for a long time, the downtown area.
我们站了起来——在塔尔萨市中心，我们很长一段时间都无法站起来吃饭。
But we didn’t worry about that too much, because in the Greenwood area, we had— we were quite complete.
但我们并没有太担心这一点，因为在格林伍德地区，我们已经非常完整了。
We were unique.
我们是独一无二的。
Ossie Davis, Narrator: [voice-over] The story of Greenwood, the black community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, is a story about a people whose forefathers settled the state back in the 19th century.
奥西·戴维斯（Ossie Davis），旁白：[画外音]格林伍德是俄克拉荷马州塔尔萨的黑人社区，讲述了一个关于其祖先早在 19 世纪就定居该州的故事。
They arrived as slaves to the Indians, as runaway slaves, and as free people.
他们作为印第安人的奴隶、逃跑的奴隶和自由人来到这里。
As early as the Civil War, there were over 7,000 black people in the territory.
早在南北战争时期，该地区就有7000多名黑人。
Currie Ballard: My great-great-grandmother was a slave of the Choctaw Indians.
柯里·巴拉德：我的曾曾祖母是乔克托印第安人的奴隶。
Her name was Charlotte McCoy.
她的名字叫夏洛特·麦考伊。
She was born in Mississippi.
她出生在密西西比州。
This is her photograph here, and this is her sister, Minerva McCoy.
这是她的照片，这是她的妹妹米勒娃·麦考伊。
She and her sister were both slaves of the Choctaw Indian named Britt Willis.
她和她的妹妹都是乔克托印第安人布里特·威利斯的奴隶。
When they came to Oklahoma after emancipation, after the Civil War was over with, both the two women here married two bothers.
当她们在内战结束后来到俄克拉荷马州时，这里的两个女人都嫁给了两个麻烦。
They married the McCoy brothers, and my great-great-grandfather, William McCoy, was born in Indian territory in 1839, so he was born essentially 50 years before the great land run, a half a century prior to the opening of central Oklahoma.
他们与麦考伊兄弟结婚，我的曾曾祖父威廉·麦考伊于 1839 年出生在印第安领土，所以他出生的时间基本上比伟大的土地开发早了 50 年，比俄克拉荷马州中部开放早了半个世纪。
Davis: [voice-over] The great land rush of 1889 brought a wave of black settlers and an overwhelming number of whites to the territory.
戴维斯：[画外音] 1889 年的土地热潮将一波黑人定居者和绝大多数白人带到了这片领土。
Fed up with racism, blacks saw Oklahoma as a land of freedom and opportunity.
受够了种族主义的黑人将俄克拉荷马州视为一片自由和机会的土地。
Black political leaders aggressively promoted this “promised land,” and by the early 1900s, there were as many as 27 all-black towns.
黑人政治领袖大力宣传这片“应许之地”，到 1900 年代初，全黑人城镇多达 27 个。
In search of job opportunities, many blacks moved to the larger cities like Tulsa.
为了寻找工作机会，许多黑人搬到了塔尔萨等大城市。
Rosa B.
罗莎·B.
Skinner: It was in the fall of the year, and they was talkin’ about Oklahoma, Oklahoma — you could make a livin’ here, you could do so-and-so.
斯金纳：那是那年秋天，他们正在谈论俄克拉荷马州，俄克拉荷马州——你可以在这里谋生，你可以做某事。
And Pop and them thought money’s growing on trees, a-fallin’ off, so he said, “Well, I think I’ll take the kids and we’ll go out.”
爸爸和他们认为钱是长在树上，掉下来的，所以他说，“好吧，我想我会带上孩子们，然后我们就出去。”
Robert Fairchild: And in those days, the oil boom was in existence, and money was flowing freely.
罗伯特·费尔柴尔德：那时候，石油繁荣，资金自由流动。
People would go to bed at night and wake up the next morning with a gusher in his back yard.
人们晚上睡觉，第二天早上醒来时，他的后院有喷水井。
Mr. Johnson: What happened was that the black community, who didn’t receive any benefits directly from the oil fields, began to find employment in the service areas as porters, janitors, elevator operators and the service-related aspect of the businesses relating to oil, so you had employment.
约翰逊先生：所发生的情况是，没有直接从油田获得任何好处的黑人社区开始在服务领域寻找就业机会，如搬运工、看门人、电梯操作员以及与石油相关的业务的服务相关方面，所以你有就业机会。
Ms. Skinner: I had two sisters living here, working for white people, living in quarters.
斯金纳女士：我有两个姐妹住在这里，为白人工作，住在宿舍里。
And I come up here and they met me and housed me with them and then got me a job working for white people, like they was.
我来到这里，他们遇见了我，把我安置在他们那里，然后给我找到了一份为白人工作的工作，就像他们一样。
Davis: [voice-over] In 1907, when Oklahoma became a state, the all-white legislative moved quickly to make it a white man’s country.
戴维斯：[画外音]1907 年，当俄克拉荷马州成为一个州时，全白人立法机构迅速采取行动，使其成为白人的国家。
They passed one law after another to keep blacks separate and in their place.
他们通过了一项又一项法律，将黑人隔离并保持其地位。
Schools, hospitals, business, even telephone booths were to be segregated.
学校、医院、企业，甚至电话亭都必须隔离。
Mr. Johnson: Well, basically in Oklahoma, right after statehood, you had racial bigotry that was out in the open, and I think that this had more to do with helping the development of black townships, because blacks tended to congregate together for their own self-protection.
约翰逊先生：嗯，基本上在俄克拉荷马州，建州后，种族偏见就公开化了，我认为这与帮助黑人城镇的发展有更多关系，因为黑人往往为了自我保护而聚集在一起。
Davis: [voice-over] In the early 1900s, a group of black businessmen had purchased a small piece land in the northeast section of Tulsa.
戴维斯：[画外音] 1900 年代初期，一群黑人商人在塔尔萨东北部购买了一小块土地。
They called it Greenwood.
他们称之为格林伍德。
As segregation practices had grown in white Tulsa, no had the block businesses in Greenwood.
随着白人塔尔萨的种族隔离做法日益盛行，格林伍德的街区商业也随之消失。
Mabel B.
梅布尔·B.
Little: I started a beauty shop, dressing hair, in 1915 in the home.
Little：1915 年，我在家里开了一家美容店，负责理发。
We had money, but we were not able to go and purchase things, so it helped us to go into business for our own selves.
我们有钱，但我们不能去买东西，所以它帮助我们自己做生意。
And then that’s when the black people began to build.
然后就是黑人开始建造的时候。
Mr. Burns: In front of Ramses Drug Store was a cab stand called the Your Cab Company, and there were several cabs and they were all own by black.
伯恩斯先生：拉美西斯药店前面有一个叫“你的出租车公司”的出租车站，有几辆出租车，都是黑人开的。
And some of the owners bought four or five new cabs every year.
一些车主每年都会购买四五辆新出租车。
Hobart Jarret: Before there were city buses, there were jitneys that black people owned, and the ambulance really intoned as it went through Greenwood Street.
霍巴特·贾瑞特：在城市公交车出现之前，有黑人拥有的小型公共汽车，救护车在穿过格林伍德街时确实在吟唱。
Charles Bate, M.D.: We had two or three ambulances, yes, ambulances which were operated by funeral homes, and there were no fees attached to the ambulance service.
医学博士查尔斯·贝特：我们有两到三辆救护车，是的，由殡仪馆运营的救护车，而且救护车服务不收取任何费用。
Of course, I suppose the undertakers who operated the ambulances felt that the patient might die and they’d get remunerated through that way.
当然，我猜想操作救护车的殡仪馆工作人员觉得病人可能会死，这样他们就能得到报酬。
James Goodwin: You’d go into a barbecue place, and you’d hear the blues or you’d hear the jazz, and you’d hear live performance— Dinah Washington and Roy Milton, and the Globetrotters would come strolling down the street.
詹姆斯·古德温：你走进一家烧烤店，你会听到布鲁斯音乐或爵士乐，你会听到现场表演——黛娜·华盛顿和罗伊·米尔顿，环球旅行者队会在街上漫步。
Edward Goodwin: Earl Bostick was from here.
爱德华·古德温：博斯蒂克伯爵来自这里。
We had Clarence Love was from here — a lot of musicians that went all over the United States.
我们有克拉伦斯·洛夫（Clarence Love）来自这里——许多音乐家遍布美国各地。
Clarence Love had an all-girls band that traveled all across the country.
克拉伦斯·洛夫 (Clarence Love) 拥有一支女子乐队，足迹遍及全国。
Ms. Horner: We had some of the best barbecues that you could ever want to taste.
霍纳女士：我们有一些您可能想尝过的最好的烧烤。
I can remember, though, one place, though, that I guess, to get that white business, he had a side for black folks and a side for white folks.
不过，我记得有一个地方，我猜想，为了获得白人的生意，他有支持黑人的一面，也有支持白人的一面。
And ?
和 ？
can remember thinking I didn’t think his barbecue was that great, ‘cause I hated the idea that he had to do this.
我记得当时我觉得他的烧烤没那么棒，因为我讨厌他必须这样做。
You know, he had a market that he didn’t have to do that.
你知道，他有一个市场，但他不必这样做。
Davis: [voice-over] By 1921, Tulsa’s black population had grown to almost 11,000, and the Greenwood community was booming — 15 grocery stores, two black movie houses, two black newspapers, four drugstores, two black public schools, a black public library, four barbecue and chili parlors, and about 13 churches.
戴维斯：[画外音]到 1921 年，塔尔萨的黑人人口已增长到近 11,000 人，格林伍德社区正在蓬勃发展——有 15 家杂货店、两家黑人电影院、两家黑人报纸、四家药店、两所黑人公立学校、一家黑人公立图书馆、四家烧烤和辣椒店以及大约 13 座教堂。
John Hope Franklin: In Tulsa, Oklahoma, we did have a little separate enclave where blacks had some measure of financial, social, political independence, maybe even some clout.
约翰·霍普·富兰克林：在俄克拉荷马州塔尔萨，我们确实有一个独立的小飞地，黑人在那里拥有一定程度的经济、社会、政治独立，甚至可能有一定的影响力。
Mr. Johnson: You had a whole group of black entrepreneurs who came together and formed a kind of union to help develop black businesses.
约翰逊先生：你们有一整群黑人企业家聚集在一起，形成了一种联盟来帮助发展黑人企业。
Mrs. Little: The black business grew so in Tulsa until in 1936, it was announced that we had the largest black business in the whole United States.
利特尔夫人：塔尔萨的黑人商业发展如此迅速，直到 1936 年，我们宣布拥有全美国最大的黑人商业。
Mr. Burns: But when we went on the white side of town, now, you’d have white guys picking at you all the time, and you might get involved in a fight.
伯恩斯先生：但是当我们去城镇的白人一侧时，现在，你会一直受到白人的欺负，你可能会卷入一场战斗。
And the Ku Klux Klans were pretty rampant.
三K党非常猖獗。
Davis: [voice-over] It was a dangerous time to be black in America.
戴维斯：[画外音]那是美国黑人的危险时期。
Between 1917 and 1921, racial violence was rampant.
1917年至1921年间，种族暴力十分猖獗。
In cities across the country, blacks were being beaten, burned and lynched in alarming numbers.
在全国各地的城市中，黑人被殴打、烧死和私刑的人数惊人。
In Tulsa, the Ku Klux Klan included political leaders and members of the police.
在塔尔萨，三K党包括政治领导人和警察成员。
Even local newspapers supported mob violence.
甚至当地报纸也支持暴民暴力。
Mr. Johnson: It was always a hostile relationship between the black and white community, and part of it was because the Ku Klux Klan was located in an area just west of the black community itself, on Main and Eastern.
约翰逊先生：黑人和白人社区之间一直存在敌对关系，部分原因是三K党位于黑人社区以西的地区，即美茵河和东部地区。
This was about four blocks west of where the primary black community was located, and we had to pass by this to go to places of employment and to go to and from school, if we lived in service areas of the quarters.
这里距离黑人主要社区所在地以西大约四个街区，如果我们住在宿舍的服务区，我们去工作地点和上下学都必须经过这里。
And it was just a hostile situation.
这只是一种敌对的情况。
There was always a potential for violence there.
那里总是存在发生暴力的可能性。
Black people were not about to put up with the attitude that the white community was putting before us.
黑人不会忍受白人社区摆在我们面前的态度。
The whites felt that they could instill fear in the black community, and blacks wasn’t going for it, and it was a confrontational type of attitude that existed.
白人认为他们可以向黑人社区灌输恐惧，而黑人并不乐意这样做，这是一种存在的对抗性态度。
Davis: [voice-over] But no one, black or white, was prepared for what happened on the night of May 31, 1921.
戴维斯：[画外音]但是，无论黑人还是白人，没有人对 1921 年 5 月 31 日晚上发生的事情做好准备。
Mrs. Little: There was a merchandise store that had one of these old-fashioned elevators that you ran by hand, and some white girl was the operator, and this young man got on the elevator.
利特尔夫人：有一家商品店，有一部老式电梯，需要用手操作，一个白人女孩是操作员，这个年轻人上了电梯。
Mr. Fairchild: Well, when he went to get on it, he stumbled, and in the effort to keep from falling, he grabbed whatever he could, and of course, the operator was in the way.
费尔柴尔德先生：嗯，当他准备上车时，他绊倒了，为了避免跌倒，他抓住了一切他能抓住的东西，当然，操作员挡住了路。
And she assumed that he was trying to attack her, and she reported it, and he was arrested.
她认为他试图攻击她，于是她报告了此事，然后他被捕了。
Ms. Skinner: My husband asked to make a speech.
斯金纳女士：我丈夫要求发表演讲。
He’s the one that predicted that riot.
他是预言那场骚乱的人。
Don’t let nobody fool you.
不要让任何人欺骗你。
I don’t know who else says they predicted it, but T.R.
我不知道还有谁说他们预测到了这一点，但 T.R.
Davis, the father of my children, he stood up and told the people.
戴维斯，我孩子的父亲，他站起来告诉人们。
He said, “There’s going to be a destruction in Tulsa.”
他说：“塔尔萨将会遭到破坏。”
Mr. Fairchild: And that afternoon, the Tribune carne out and said what had happened, and that they had arrested Dick Roland, “And it looks like there’s going to be a lynching tonight.” And of course, when the Negroes in the community saw this, they says, “Oh, no. No, we’re not going to have that.”
费尔柴尔德先生：那天下午，《论坛报》报道了发生的事情，他们逮捕了迪克·罗兰，“看来今晚将会有一场私刑。”当然，当社区中的黑人看到这一点时，他们会说：“哦，不。不，我们不会这样。”
Ms. Skinner: After we went home from church, here come one by the house.
斯金纳女士：我们从教堂回家后，有人经过房子。
“Man, get your guns.
“伙计，拿起你的枪。
Get your guns." Looked like I can hear them lousy people— them loud-mouthed people right now.
拿起你的枪。”看起来我现在能听到他们是那些糟糕的人——那些大嘴巴的人。
Mr. Fairchild: And there they were, hundreds of Negroes standing around, talkin’, using profanity and what-have-you, and shooting their gun every now and then.
费尔柴尔德先生：他们就在那里，数百名黑人站在那里，说话，使用脏话和你有的东西，时不时地开枪。
And then, they felt, “Well, we better get on down to the courthouse.” And they went down to the courthouse, and everybody was just standing around, nobody saying anything to one another.
然后，他们觉得，“好吧，我们最好去法院。”他们去了法院，每个人都站在那里，没有人互相说话。
Finally, when a little old white man came up to Barry [?} and said, “Nigger, what you doin’ with that pistol?” He say, “I’m going to use it if I need to.” He said, ‘No, no, you give it to me,” and he tried to take it, and that scuffling set the riot off.
最后，当一个白人小个子走到巴里[？}面前说：“黑鬼，你用那把手枪做什么？”他说：“如果需要的话我会使用它。”他说，‘不，不，你把它给我，’然后他试图拿走它，那次扭打引发了骚乱。
So the Negro decided they were going to make a stand at Cincinnati and ‘Frisco Railroad tracks, but by being outnumbered, they had to leave.
因此，黑人决定在辛辛那提和弗里斯科铁路轨道上坚守，但由于寡不敌众，他们不得不离开。
And of course, as they left, the white moved in, and as they moved in, they looted, and to hide their behavior pattern, they set fire to the building.
当然，当他们离开时，白人就搬进来了，当他们搬进去时，他们就抢劫，为了隐藏他们的行为模式，他们放火烧了建筑物。
Ms. Skinner: When T.R.
斯金纳女士：当 T.R.
woke me up, he said, "Rose,’ he said, “We got to get up and leave here.” He said, “They done started.” And I didn’t want to go.
他叫醒了我，“罗斯，”他说，“我们必须起身离开这里。”他说：“他们开始了。”我不想去。
I balked on it.
我对此犹豫不决。
He had to kinda get rough with me before I would leave, but I did leave.
在我离开之前他不得不对我有点粗暴，但我确实离开了。
And he told to— not to bring nothin’.
他告诉我们——不要带任何东西。
He said, “Don’t bring nothin’.’ I just had on some barefoot sandals and a towel tied on my head, and that’s the way I went, ‘cause I was fussin’ and disgusted and scared, too.
他说，“什么都不要带。”我只穿着一双赤脚凉鞋，头上绑着一条毛巾，我就是这样，“因为我很烦躁”，也感到厌恶和害怕。
George D.
乔治·D.
Monroe: I remember my mother puttin’ us — my sisters and my brother — under the bed.
门罗：我记得我妈妈把我们——我的姐妹和我的兄弟——放在床底下。
I remember the people comin’ in, white people comin’ into our house with torches, settin’ the curtains on fire and settin’ our house on fire.
我记得人们进来了，白人拿着火把走进我们的房子，点燃了窗帘，点燃了我们的房子。
And one stepped on my finger while I was under the bed, and my sister put her hand over my mouth to keep me from screamin’.
当我在床底下时，有人踩到了我的手指，我姐姐用手捂住我的嘴，不让我尖叫。
Ms. Skinner: And they was burnin’ and everything.
斯金纳女士：他们正在燃烧，一切都在燃烧。
They set houses up there, comin’ this way, burnin’.
他们在那里搭建房屋，朝这边走来，燃烧着。
It reminded me of Sodom and Gomorrah in the Bible.
这让我想起了圣经中的所多玛和蛾摩拉。
And we was goin’ that way.
我们就朝那个方向走。
He said, “Everybody get out in the opening where they’ll see, and won’t nobody get hurt,” and he was right.
他说，“每个人都从他们能看到的空当处出去，不会有人受伤，”他是对的。
He was right.
他是对的。
Long as we was out where they could see us, they didn’t bother, but they were shooting from airplanes and everywhere.
只要我们在他们能看到的地方，他们就不会打扰，但他们会从飞机上到处射击。
It was a hot time.
那是一个炎热的时期。
Mr. Jarrett: My dad had heard, as other black men in that park had heard, that the white marauders were approaching them.
贾勒特先生：正如公园里的其他黑人所听到的那样，我父亲听说白人掠夺者正在接近他们。
And my dad was joining other black men to protect the black people, the wives and the children who were there.
我父亲和其他黑人一起保护那里的黑人、妻子和孩子。
The next thing that I remember was that we saw a railroad train with boxcars attached to it, and in at least two of those boxcars, there were soldiers in uniform, and they were— they were white soldiers.
我记得的下一件事是，我们看到一列火车，上面附有棚车，其中至少有两辆棚车里，有穿着制服的士兵，他们是——他们是白人士兵。
Ms. Skinner: And they was just like this with them shotguns, just like this.
斯金纳女士：他们就像这样拿着猎枪，就像这样。
And of course, I just knew everybody goin’ be killed myself
当然，我只知道我自己也会被杀
Mrs. Little: We were afraid that they came to kill us, and they said, “No, we came to help you.” And they wanted to take the men and leave the women and children out there.
利特尔夫人：我们害怕他们来杀我们，他们说：“不，我们是来帮助你的。”他们想带走男人，把女人和孩子留在外面。
I spoke up.
我开口了。
I said, “No, we want to go with our husbands.
我说：“不，我们想和我们的丈夫一起去。
If you’re going to kill them, kill us all together.”
如果你要杀他们，那就把我们都杀了。”
Davis: [voice-over] During the riot, black men had taken up arms to protect their families.
戴维斯：[画外音]在骚乱期间，黑人拿起武器来保护家人。
Now, they were charged with incitement, taken off to jail or the county fairgrounds and tagged for identification.
现在，他们被指控煽动罪，被带进监狱或县集市，并被贴上标签进行身份识别。
Ms. Skinner: And babies were born that night, two or three babies and everything.
斯金纳女士：那天晚上婴儿出生了，有两三个婴儿等等。
I had some personal friends that had a baby born the night before the riot started, and they lost that baby during that riot, tryin’ to keep up with them.
我有一些私人朋友，他们在骚乱开始前一天晚上生了一个孩子，但他们在那场骚乱中失去了孩子，试图跟上他们。
They had him in a shoebox— no, in some kind of a box like a shoebox, and that baby got away from ‘em.
他们把他装在鞋盒里——不，装在某种像鞋盒一样的盒子里，然后那个婴儿就离开了他们。
Mrs. Little: I never had any feeling — it was such a shock — until I don’t know, that the Lord just strengthened me.
利特尔夫人：我从来没有任何感觉——太震惊了——直到我不知道，主刚刚给了我力量。
But my husband was— he was so tender, and he just broke down.
但我丈夫——他太温柔了，他就崩溃了。
He says, “Baby, we’ve lost everything we had.” 1 said, "But we have each other, honey." I never shed a tear over that.
他说：“宝贝，我们失去了我们拥有的一切。” 1说：“但是我们有彼此，亲爱的。”我从未为此流过一滴眼泪。
In fact, I never have been angry.
事实上，我从来没有生气过。
I felt sorry for the people that treated our folks like that.
我为那些这样对待我们同胞的人感到抱歉。
Davis: [voice-over] The Red Cross reported more than 300 people had been killed.
戴维斯：[画外音]红十字会报告称已有 300 多人丧生。
Newspapers listed almost 100 deaths, but city officials put the death toll at 36.
报纸列出了近 100 人死亡，但市政府官员称死亡人数为 36 人。
More than 35 blocks of black Tulsa was burned to the ground.
超过 35 个黑色塔尔萨街区被烧毁。
Over 4,000 people were left homeless.
超过 4,000 人无家可归。
Still, most of the people of Greenwood refused to leave.
尽管如此，格林伍德的大多数人还是拒绝离开。
Mr. Johnson: After they had completely destroyed the black community, blacks then set about to try to rebuild.
约翰逊先生：在他们彻底摧毁了黑人社区之后，黑人开始尝试重建。
They could not get building material to build back in Tulsa or the surrounding community.
他们无法获得建筑材料来在塔尔萨或周边社区重建。
Most blacks had to import the bricks and steel that they rebuilt Tulsa back with, black Tulsa back with, from out of Arkansas and Kansas.
大多数黑人必须从阿肯色州和堪萨斯州进口他们重建塔尔萨所用的砖块和钢材，黑色的塔尔萨。
Prof. Franklin: My father had advised his clients and others to build, build with orange crates, build with anything in order to have some shelter.
富兰克林教授：我父亲建议他的客户和其他人建造，用橙色板条箱建造，用任何东西建造，以便有一些庇护所。
But even so, there are pictures of the winter of 1921-22, of hundreds of tents in which blacks lived, because they were not able to build their buildings.
但即便如此，还是有 1921-22 年冬天的照片，其中有数百个黑人居住的帐篷，因为他们无法建造自己的建筑物。
Mrs. Little: Without any equipment, we moved and built a little shack, and we had to cook outdoors.
利特尔太太：没有任何设备，我们搬家盖了一个小棚屋，我们不得不在户外做饭。
I remember so well, the rain would come, we’d have to carry our food back in the house, and then after the rain was over, go back and build a fire outside, because you didn’t have— didn’t have gas and had nothin’ to cook on.
我记得很清楚，下雨了，我们必须把食物带回屋里，雨停后，回去在外面生火，因为你没有——没有煤气，也没有东西可以做饭。
So it was a bitter pill to swallow.
所以这是一颗难以吞咽的苦果。
Prof. Franklin: By the time the National Negro Business League met here in the summer of ‘25, just a few months before we moved to Tulsa, the people who visited here described Tulsa, black Tulsa, as a town with grit, a town that was coming back.
富兰克林教授：当全国黑人商业联盟于 25 年夏天在这里召开会议时，就在我们搬到塔尔萨的前几个月，来过这里的人将塔尔萨，黑人塔尔萨描述为一个充满勇气的小镇，一个正在回归的小镇。
Davis: [voice-over] Out of the ashes, the black people of Tulsa had rebuilt their community, but they needed only to glance across the tracks to be reminded that the racial attitudes of most white Tulsans had not changed.
戴维斯：[画外音]塔尔萨的黑人在废墟中重建了他们的社区，但他们只需扫一眼铁轨就会想起大多数塔尔萨白人的种族态度没有改变。
Mr. Johnson: Well, we played on the brickyard hill on the eastern side.
约翰逊先生：嗯，我们在东侧的砖厂山上玩。
Whites played on the brickyard hill on the western side.
白人在西侧的砖厂山上打球。
Well, we would meet periodically and when we’d meet, we would have us a fight.
好吧，我们会定期见面，一见面就会吵架。
And it would usually be about “nigger,” and ‘You haven’t got any business up here,” and we felt that we had just as much business as they did.
通常都是关于“黑鬼”和“你在这里没有任何生意”，我们觉得我们的生意和他们一样多。
Ms. Horner: And when you would ride into one of these neighborhoods on your bike and have someone say, you know, "What are you niggers doin’ in this neighborhood?” This is when you really got upset, really got angry, and you had to deal with it.
霍纳女士：当你骑着自行车进入其中一个社区时，有人会说，“你们这些黑鬼在这个社区做什么？”这是当你真的很沮丧，真的很生气，你必须处理它的时候。
And if you’d go back, you wanted to discuss it, but if you discussed it, you knew you were off grounds and you knew that your parents were going to tear into you because they’d already told you not to go.
如果你想回去，你想讨论它，但如果你讨论它，你就知道你是不合时宜的，你知道你的父母会撕碎你，因为他们已经告诉你不要去。
Mrs. Little: You’d go into a store and buy a hat.
利特尔夫人：你会去商店买一顶帽子。
The first thing, the clerk would try it on her head and ask you what you think about it.
首先，店员会在她头上试一试，然后问你对此有何看法。
I mean, my husband was with me, and I wanted to buy a hat, and she says, “but you can’t try it on.
我的意思是，我丈夫和我在一起，我想买一顶帽子，她说，“但你不能试戴。
Do you want it?” I says, “No. If I can’t try the hat on, I don’t want it.”
你想要吗？我说：“不。如果我不能试戴这顶帽子，我就不想要它。”
Lucille Thompson: I decided I was going to beat them at their own game, so I started to puttin’ tissue in the hat— asking them if I could have some tissue to put in the hat so I could try it on, ‘cause I didn’t have that much grease on my hair, but I thought they would get the point.
露西尔·汤普森：我决定要在他们自己的游戏中击败他们，所以我开始把纸巾放进帽子里——问他们是否可以给我一些纸巾放进帽子里，这样我就可以试戴一下，因为我的头发上没有那么多油脂，但我想他们会明白的。
Mr. Monroe: I can remember the time when I would go downtown.
门罗先生：我记得我去市中心的时候。
I was lucky enough to have monies in my pocket.
我很幸运，口袋里有钱。
I would go in stores as to where I couldn’t try on a hat.
我会去商店看看哪里不能试戴帽子。
They’d let you know, if you were there, you the last one to be waited on.
他们会让你知道，如果你在那里，你就是最后一个等待的人。
They’d let you know that they didn’t want your business.
他们会让你知道他们不想要你的生意。
Peaches Little John Wynn: We couldn’t eat when we were downtown, so my mother would always say, “Let’s eat before we go,” if shopping was going to be an all-day trip.
Peaches Little John Wynn：我们在市中心的时候不能吃饭，所以如果购物是一整天的旅行，我妈妈总是会说，“我们走之前先吃点东西吧”。
I can remember that you could go down to Kress’s and if you went down in the basement, you could stand up at a counter and get something to eat.
我记得你可以去克雷斯店，如果你去地下室，你可以站在柜台前买点东西吃。
Ms. Horner: When I went over to the counter, I was told that 1 had to go to the end of the counter, and that’s— you know, and you see all these places open, and no one there, and you could only be served, and you could not— you could not sit in the seat.
霍纳女士：当我走到柜台时，我被告知必须走到柜台的尽头，那就是——你知道，你看到所有这些地方都空着，那里没有人，你只能得到服务，但你不能——你不能坐在座位上。
You had to stand.
你必须站起来。
Ms. Skinner: This segregation— when they got where they didn’t want to wait on me, I didn’t pay ‘em no attention.
斯金纳女士：这种隔离——当他们不想等我时，我并没有理睬他们。
I just left and brought my kids away.
我刚刚离开并带着我的孩子们走了。
Mr. Monroe: I think sometimes of how nice it would be if that cloak of segregation hadn’t been around me all my life, I might say, to keep me from doin’ some of the things that 1 wanted to do.
门罗先生：我有时会想，如果我一生中没有那层种族隔离的外衣，我可能会说，阻止我做一些我想做的事情，那该多好。
Edward Goodwin: Before we had football games, we’d have a parade down Greenwood Street, and there was a lot of pride in people.
爱德华·古德温：在我们举办足球比赛之前，我们会在格林伍德街举行游行，人们对此感到非常自豪。
And they’d just come out on the streets out of those businesses and there would that be throngs of people.
当他们刚从这些企业出来时，街上就会有成群的人。
Mable Rice: It was high spirits in the community.
Mable Rice：社区里的士气很高。
Many, many droves of people came down to see the parade.
很多很多人都来看游行。
Kids looked forward to it.
孩子们很期待。
We started at old Booker T.
我们从老布克 T 开始。
Washington High School and marched to Carver—down Greenwood to Carver — and that’s where the football games were played, at Carver Stadium.
华盛顿高中，游行到卡弗——沿着格林伍德到达卡弗——这就是橄榄球比赛的举办地——卡弗体育场。
I remember, during the war, Booker T.
我记得战争期间，布克·T.
had— we made a big bomber on the field with the band members, and we, as small majorettes, we twirled and we were the propellers of this bomber.
我们和乐队成员一起在场上制作了一架大型轰炸机，而我们，作为小乐队主唱，我们旋转着，我们就是这架轰炸机的螺旋桨。
And we started out— they turned all the lights out, and we had lights in our hands.
我们出发了——他们关掉了所有的灯，我们手里拿着灯。
And we started out on the ground, stooped on the ground, and as we marched, we took off, and it looked like the bomber was taking off on the field.
我们从地面出发，弯腰在地上，一边行进，一边起飞，看起来就像是轰炸机在田野上起飞。
Ms. Wynn: I always wanted to be a majorette, you know, and be in that parade, but I do remember when I got to Carver, I did have a friend that— her sister had been a majorette and she was a majorette and so we got together and we like begged the band director to let us be part of the parade, and so we were majorette.
韦恩女士：我一直想成为一名女队长，你知道，并参加游行，但我确实记得当我到达卡弗时，我确实有一个朋友——她的姐姐曾是一名女队长，她也是一名女队长，所以我们聚在一起，我们请求乐队指挥让我们成为游行的一部分，所以我们成为了女队长。
1 got to march in one parade.
1 必须参加一场游行。
Edward Goodwin: My experience at Booker T.
爱德华·古德温：我在 Booker T. 的经历
was one that 1 wouldn’t trade for anything in the world.
是一个我不会用世界上任何东西来交换的东西。
We had dedicated teachers.
我们有敬业的老师。
We had teachers that were legends.
我们的老师都是传奇人物。
We had this rich heritage at Washington, and these teachers, they didn’t change.
我们在华盛顿拥有丰富的传统，而这些老师，他们没有改变。
You’d hear about ‘em, you know, from the second grade.
你知道，从二年级起你就会听说过它们。
You’d hear about Seymour Williams, and then he taught you, you know, l2 years later, and that was a long time to a kid, and it was an ongoing tradition.
你会听说西摩·威廉姆斯，然后他在 12 年后教你，这对一个孩子来说是很长的一段时间，而且这是一个持续的传统。
Mr. Burns: I remember Horace Hughes, one of the finest English teachers that you could have anywhere.
伯恩斯先生：我记得霍勒斯·休斯（Horace Hughes），他是世界上最好的英语老师之一。
He was black.
他是黑人。
I’ve seen him come into that classroom and walk down to the back of the room and then just start pointing out guys and asking them to quote from Shakespeare.
我见过他走进教室，走到教室后面，然后开始指着那些人，要求他们引用莎士比亚的话。
We were all given 150 lines of poetry to learn.
我们都被要求学习 150 行诗。
We were all given about 25 or 30 quotations from Shakespeare and Byron and all— Keates and all the— Shelley and the rest of ‘em.
我们都收到了大约 25 或 30 条莎士比亚和拜伦以及所有——基茨和所有——雪莱和其他人的引文。
And if he asked you the line, he’d just quote the first line and you’d have to come up and give him the next line and finish the quotation.
如果他问你台词，他只会引用第一行，你必须上来给他下一行并完成引用。
And I can quote ‘em now.
我现在可以引用它们了。
That’s how good they were — like the poetry of Brutus, “lies not in the stare, but in ourselves, that we are underlings” — Shakespeare.
这就是他们的优秀之处——就像布鲁图斯的诗一样，“不在于凝视，而在于我们自己，我们是下属”——莎士比亚。
That’s the way Horace wanted you to do, you know.
你知道，这就是贺拉斯希望你做的事。
Ms. Horner: 1 don’t remember anyone coming out of high school that could not read, and I remember many high school graduates took that high school graduate certificate from Booker T.
霍纳女士：我不记得有哪个高中毕业的人不识字，我记得许多高中毕业生从布克·T 那里获得了高中毕业生证书。
Washington High School and ran with it.
华盛顿高中并与之一起跑步。
They could compete and do anything, and they did well.
他们可以竞争，可以做任何事情，而且做得很好。
Bertha A.
伯莎·A.
McIntyre: When I was in school at old Booker T., we did not have Negro history textbooks.
麦金太尔：当我在老布克 T. 学校时，我们没有黑人历史教科书。
Two of our instructors, A.J.
我们的两位教练 A.J.
Lee and Bess Roberts, had to come up with a textbook for us to use so that we could find out about ourselves.
李和贝丝·罗伯茨必须拿出一本教科书供我们使用，以便我们能够了解自己。
Prof. Franklin: As long as I was at Booker T.
富兰克林教授：只要我还在 Booker T.
Washington High School, and as long as people were telling us that we were doing all right and that everything was fine, beautiful, and wonderful, then I felt that it was.
华盛顿高中，只要人们告诉我们，我们做得很好，一切都很好，很美丽，很精彩，那么我就觉得是这样。
But on one occasion, when we needed a pipe organ, I believe, to use in some musical rendition that we were offering, we planned to have a program— the program at Central High School, and we were given permission to do it.
但有一次，我相信，当我们需要一架管风琴来演奏我们提供的一些音乐时，我们计划开展一个项目——中央高中的项目，并且我们获得了这样做的许可。
Central High School was an imposing structure, a city block long, a city block wide.
中央高中是一座雄伟的建筑，一个街区长，一个街区宽。
It covers an entire city block.
它覆盖了整个城市街区。
And I said, “So this is what they have, compared to what I have,” and I realized then that they were keeping me out of an opportunity that was really, from my point of view, not only mean-spirited, but bigoted.
我说，“这就是他们所拥有的，与我所拥有的相比，”然后我意识到，他们让我失去了一个机会，在我看来，这个机会不仅卑鄙，而且偏执。
Ms. Rice: The first thing I can remember, the evening that the war broke out, or the news came over the radio, I remember my mother saying, “We are at war.” And I said, “What does that mean?” And she said, “Well, America is involved in a war.” And in my mind, I thought it meant that the war would be on Greenwood the next day.
赖斯女士：我记得的第一件事是，战争爆发的那天晚上，或者广播里传来消息的那天晚上，我记得我母亲说：“我们正处于战争之中。”我说：“这是什么意思？”她说：“好吧，美国卷入了一场战争。”在我看来，这意味着第二天格林伍德就会发生战争。
I was seven years old, and I thought it would be there.
我当时七岁，我以为它会在那里。
And I can remember packing my dolls suitcase, made peanut butter sandwiches and packed a suitcase, because all I knew about war was that people starved.
我记得收拾我的娃娃手提箱，做了花生酱三明治，然后收拾了一个手提箱，因为我对战争的了解就是人们挨饿。
Mr. Burns: During World War II, after we got in Australia— we landed there — it took us 21 days to get over there — and every two or three days, we’d have one of the white officers— this was when they had the black and white army.
伯恩斯先生：二战期间，我们到达澳大利亚后——我们在那里登陆——我们花了 21 天才到达那里——每两三天，我们就会有一名白人军官——当时他们有黑人和白人军队。
All of the enlisted men and non-coms were black, and the white— the officers were all white.
所有的士兵和士官都是黑人，而白人——军官都是白人。
It’s what we called the two armies.
就是我们所说的两军。
And they would have these sessions and tell us, “Now, we’re going into an all-white country" — Australia was known as all-white country — “If they want you to go to the back door to be served, now don’t get excited about it.
他们会举行这些会议并告诉我们，“现在，我们将进入一个全白人国家”——澳大利亚被称为全白人国家——“如果他们想让你去后门接受服务，现在不要对此感到兴奋。
Just go on to the back door.
就往后门走吧。
We came down here as their friends.
我们作为他们的朋友来到这里。
We don’t want to come down here and tell them how to operate.” So we just listened.
我们不想来这里告诉他们如何操作。”所以我们只是听着。
All the white officers went out and made these speeches and whatever they said to them, these white Australians came back and told us that the white officers had told them that we had tails, that we were inclined to be violent, and we carried knives and guns and would hurt come of their kids — anything to keep them afraid of us.
所有的白人警官都出去发表了这些演讲，无论他们对他们说什么，这些澳大利亚白人回来后告诉我们，白人警官告诉他们，我们有尾巴，我们倾向于暴力，我们携带刀和枪，会伤害他们的孩子——任何让他们害怕我们的事情。
But it didn’t work.
但这没有用。
When I come back to Tulsa after spending 32 months in the Pacific with General MacArthur, I had gone from a staff sergeant to a first lieutenant.
当我在太平洋与麦克阿瑟将军一起度过了 32 个月后回到塔尔萨时，我已经从一名上士晋升为中尉。
But when I got down to Fort Smith, Arkansas, they wanted me to be segregated from the other white officers and white enlisted men in the group, so we went along with it, ‘cause I was on my way back to Tulsa to meet my wife, and I didn’t have time to fight segregation.
但当我到达阿肯色州史密斯堡时，他们希望我与该团体中的其他白人军官和白人士兵隔离，所以我们同意了，因为我正在返回塔尔萨与我的妻子见面的路上，而我没有时间反对种族隔离。
But once I got back to Tulsa, I made up my mind that I was going to take it on wherever I found it, and I would going to whip it wherever I found it, and that’s what I did.
但当我回到塔尔萨后，我下定决心，无论我在哪里发现它，我都会接受它，无论我在哪里发现它，我都会鞭打它，这就是我所做的。
Ms. Rice: It was after that time that I began to question it, because I knew that these men had been over fighting for freedom, supposedly.
赖斯女士：从那时起我开始对此提出质疑，因为我知道这些人据说已经为自由而奋斗了。
It began to open my eyes to paying attention to things like riding in the back of the bus.
它开始让我关注诸如乘坐公共汽车后座之类的事情。
I began to wonder why.
我开始想知道为什么。
Why couldn’t we eat in Kress’s?
为什么我们不能在克雷斯餐厅吃饭？
Why did we have to go down on one end of the counter and not sit?
为什么我们必须走到柜台的一端而不是坐下？
Mr. Johnson: I only started questioning after I heard a lecture at Howard University.
约翰逊先生：我是在霍华德大学听完一次讲座后才开始提问的。
The question come up, well, I pay the same thing to ride the train, I pay the same thing to ride the bus.
问题出现了，嗯，我乘坐火车支付同样的费用，乘坐公共汽车支付同样的费用。
Why is it that 1 have to ride in the back of the bus?
为什么1必须坐在公共汽车的后面？
Why is it that I have to find a restroom— if there’s no restroom in a small bus station, why do 1 have to find the bushes or try to find a place where colored can use the restroom?
为什么我必须找到一个洗手间——如果一个小公交车站没有洗手间，为什么我必须找到灌木丛或尝试找到一个有色人种可以使用洗手间的地方？
It wasn’t until at that juncture that I start to question, “Why does this exist?”
直到那时我才开始质疑：“为什么会有这个存在？”
Davis: [voice-over] After the war — in Tulsa and across the country — white Americans were being challenged to end segregation.
戴维斯：[画外音]战后，在塔尔萨和全国各地，美国白人面临着结束种族隔离的挑战。
Ever so slowly, doors were being forced open in education and in business.
教育和商业领域的大门正在缓慢地打开。
Mr. Burns: I was pretty happy about becoming the first black clerk in the Tulsa Post Office.
伯恩斯先生：我很高兴成为塔尔萨邮局的第一位黑人职员。
When I walked in, an old boy named— white boy named Steve Metheny, he came over to me, he says, “What’s your purpose?” I said, "I came down here to be— go to work for the Post Office as a clerk.” He said, “We don’t hire black clerks.
当我走进去时，一个名叫史蒂夫·麦瑟尼的白人老男孩向我走过来，他说：“你的目的是什么？”我说：“我来这里是为了——去邮局当职员。”他说：“我们不雇用黑人职员。
We only hire black carriers.” 1 said, “Well, I’m coming in as a clerk.
我们只雇用黑人承运人。” 1 说：“好吧，我是以文员的身份进来的。
I’ll just wait until the postmaster comes down, and he’ll tell you.”
我就等邮政局长下来，他会告诉你的。”
So I sat over there, and a few minutes later, the postmaster came in.
于是我坐在那里，几分钟后，邮政局长进来了。
He came right over to me and shook my hand and says, “Hello, Joe.
他径直走到我身边，握着我的手说：“你好，乔。
Glad to see you.” And he walked me over to Steve Metheny and said, “This is Joe Burns and he’s going to be our first black clerk, so put him on and make him a regular.”
很高兴见到你。”他把我带到史蒂夫·梅森尼面前，说道：“这是乔·伯恩斯，他将成为我们的第一位黑人职员，所以让他上场，让他成为常客。”
Mr. Johnson: Prior to 1955, there was never a black street cleaning crew that worked in an area outside of the black community, but around this particular period of time, an all-black crew was assigned to work in an area east of Lewis which was all white.
约翰逊先生：1955年之前，从来没有黑人街道清洁人员在黑人社区以外的地区工作，但在这个特定时期，一个全黑人的工作人员被分配到刘易斯以东的全是白人的地区工作。
And I was a part of that crew, and while we had some good moments, there were lots of hostile moments that existed during this particular period of time, where we were accused of everything from molesting white women to making obscene gestures, of which none of these ever proven to have any validity.
我是那个剧组的一员，虽然我们有过一些美好的时刻，但在这个特定的时期也存在很多敌对的时刻，我们被指控犯有从猥亵白人妇女到做出猥亵手势的各种指控，但这些都没有被证明是有效的。
Ms. Wynn: When I made the decision to go to Central, we did not want to tell anyone that I was going, and the reason being was we did not want to cause any confusion, commotion or any problems with me going there, like news media being involved.
永利女士：当我决定去中环时，我们不想告诉任何人我要去，原因是我们不想引起任何混乱、骚动或任何问题，比如新闻媒体介入。
I had a chemistry teacher that, every time I went in class during that first week and the first few weeks of school, he would make reference to, “Oh, you’re from Little Rock, aren’t you?" And I would say, “No, I’m not from Little Rock." And it was sort of like— I felt I had been accepted, and he was making a point of, “Here’s a black person in this classroom,” and by saying Little Rock, here’s a— Little Rock had trouble with integration and just referring to that was bringing up something that was negative.
我有一位化学老师，每次我在开学的第一周和前几周上课时，他都会提到，“哦，你来自小石城，不是吗？”我会说，“不，我不是来自小石城。”有点像——我觉得我已经被接受了，而他强调的是，“这间教室里有一个黑人，”他说小石城，这是——小石城在融入方面遇到了困难，仅仅提到这一点就带来了一些负面的东西。
Ms. Horner: I can remember a funny story about my son when we marched here in Tulsa.
霍纳女士：我记得我们在塔尔萨游行时关于我儿子的一个有趣的故事。
And we were— you were boycotting different restaurants, and at that time, there was a Borden’s up in-out on 36th Street North.
我们——你们抵制不同的餐馆，当时，北 36 街有一家 Borden’s up in-out。
It was located at that time— it was the first shopping center.
它位于当时——这是第一个购物中心。
It was called Northland Shopping Center.
它被称为北国购物中心。
And my son told me — he was small — and we used to stand outside Borden’s and, you know, going to do the boycott, and we finally got a chance to eat in there.
我儿子告诉我——他还小——我们曾经站在博登餐厅外面，你知道，要去抵制，最后我们终于有机会在那里吃饭了。
And we went through this line, and we got to the table and all, and he said, “Is this what we were marching and boycotting for?” And I said, ‘Well, the right to be able to go anywhere you want to and eat where you”— he said, “These potatoes are awful.
我们穿过这条线，走到桌子旁，他说：“这就是我们游行和抵制的目的吗？”我说，‘好吧，你有权去任何你想去的地方，在你想去的地方吃饭’——他说，‘这些土豆太糟糕了。
I don’t even know why you want to come here.”
我什至不知道你为什么要来这里。”
Prof. Franklin: When I was teaching at a state school— state college in North Carolina, one of the distinguished professors at Duke asked me if it was true that I was opposed to segregation.
富兰克林教授：当我在北卡罗来纳州的一所公立学校——州立大学任教时，杜克大学的一位杰出教授问我是否真的反对种族隔离。
I said yes.
我说是的。
He said, “But I don’t understand how you would be opposed, because if you’re successful in opposing segregation, that means that your school will close and you won’t have a job." That always enters into the minds of people who have this view that there’s nothing good in the black community and everything is good in the white community.
他说：“但我不明白你会如何反对，因为如果你成功反对种族隔离，那就意味着你的学校将关闭，你将失去工作。”这总是进入那些认为黑人社区没有什么好，而白人社区一切都好的人的脑海中。
And as long as you have that kind of evil, disjointed, distorted view of life where all the good is on one side and all the evil is on another, then you can’t have a healthy integration.
只要你对生活抱有那种邪恶的、脱节的、扭曲的观点，认为所有的善都在一边，所有的恶都在另一边，那么你就不可能有一个健康的整合。
Davis: [voice-over] Ironically, Greenwood, which had been built in the face of racial hatred, which had survived total destruction, would not survive integration.
戴维斯：[画外音]具有讽刺意味的是，格林伍德是在种族仇恨面前建立起来的，虽然在彻底的毁灭中幸存下来，但它也无法在融合中幸存下来。
James Goodwin: With the onset of integration, many of the kids of the owners or the business people left Tulsa, going to Chicago, California, New York, Denver in search of their own new life, a new life altogether.
詹姆斯·古德温：随着融合的开始，许多业主或商人的孩子离开了塔尔萨，前往芝加哥、加利福尼亚、纽约、丹佛寻找自己的新生活，一种全新的生活。
Ms. Rice: I think we began to drive around the Greenwood area, and go straight into South Tulsa for— so I can remember there were long periods of times that I didn’t go into Greenwood area at all, because I can remember how surprised I was at how much it had deteriorated when I began working again in the Greenwood area.
赖斯女士：我想我们开始在格林伍德地区开车，然后直接进入南塔尔萨——所以我记得有很长一段时间我根本没有进入格林伍德地区，因为我记得当我再次开始在格林伍德地区工作时，我对它的恶化程度感到多么惊讶。
Ms. Horner: And you’d see the businesses deteriorating because we were not supporting the businesses, And then the older folks were giving it up, you know, or they were shifting to other parts of the city.
霍纳女士：你会看到生意每况愈下，因为我们不支持这些生意，然后老年人就放弃了，你知道，或者他们搬到了城市的其他地方。
Mr. Burns: Integration helped to kill Greenwood, and of course, when they began to redesign the expressways — like they do most of the time in these cities throughout the United States — they always engineered in such a way that the expressways come across the main section of the black community.
伯恩斯先生：一体化杀死了格林伍德，当然，当他们开始重新设计高速公路时——就像他们在美国这些城市的大部分时间所做的那样——他们的设计方式总是让高速公路穿过黑人社区的主要路段。
Prof. Franklin: The same thing happened to Tulsa, the Tulsa black community that happened to the Nashville, Tennessee black community, that happened to the Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina black community, that happened to the New Orleans, Louisiana black community.
富兰克林教授：同样的事情也发生在塔尔萨，塔尔萨黑人社区，发生在田纳西州纳什维尔黑人社区，发生在北卡罗来纳州罗利-达勒姆黑人社区，发生在路易斯安那州新奥尔良黑人社区。
Here come the interstates roaring right through the black community and playing— wreaking havoc with them, destroying the streets, destroying the business establishments, and they never fully recovered.
州际公路呼啸而过，穿过黑人社区，对他们造成严重破坏，破坏街道，破坏商业机构，而他们却再也没有完全恢复过来。
They never fully recovered.
他们从未完全康复。
Mr. Jarrett: Greenwood was one was place that I had lived on which gave me a sense of communal relationship with the uppers and the lowers and the middles, and it all just blended in together.
贾勒特先生：格林伍德是我曾经居住过的地方，它给了我一种与上层、下层和中层之间的公共关系的感觉，而这一切都融为一体。
Ms. Rice: All up and down the street, the there people that knew who we were and they knew what we were supposed to be doing and what we were not supposed to be doing.
赖斯女士：街上到处都是，人们都知道我们是谁，他们知道我们应该做什么和不应该做什么。
Ms. Horner: We had good role models, good people who were training and teaching us in our community.
霍纳女士：我们有很好的榜样，有很好的人在我们的社区中培训和教导我们。
Edward Goodwin: I wish some of these children could experience what we experienced, this thing of living together and depending on each other, and the brotherhood that we had.
爱德华·古德温：我希望这些孩子中的一些人能够经历我们所经历的事情，这种生活在一起并相互依赖的事情，以及我们所拥有的兄弟情谊。
Mr. Burns: They’d always tell us that the opportunity’s going to come down the road.
伯恩斯先生：他们总是告诉我们机会很快就会到来。
Don’t worry about ‘em, because they would show up.
别担心他们，因为他们会出现的。
Prof. Franklin: There was a sense of self-respect and self- esteem and the feeling that our color didn’t have anything to do with our not being as good as anyone else.
富兰克林教授：有一种自尊感和自尊感，并且感觉我们的肤色与我们不如其他人没有任何关系。
Mrs. Little: Segregation made black folk take care of themselves, be independent, have their own business, train their children, build their colleges, build their schools, build their homes.
利特尔夫人：种族隔离让黑人能够照顾自己、独立、拥有自己的事业、训练他们的孩子、建立他们的大学、建立他们的学校、建立他们的家园。
Integration separated.
整合分离。
James Goodwin: I don’t think racial segregation is a good thing from the American experience, so in that sense, no, we’re not better off.
詹姆斯·古德温：从美国的经验来看，我认为种族隔离不是一件好事，所以从这个意义上说，不，我们的情况并没有变得更好。
But the quality of our lives, in many respects, was better in the days of segregation, and the challenge today is to make it as good or better.
但在许多方面，我们的生活质量在种族隔离的时代都更好，而今天的挑战是让它变得同样好或更好。
Singer: If you come down to Greenwood tomorrow / Well, I’ll sing these blues some more.
歌手：如果你明天来格林伍德/好吧，我会再唱一些布鲁斯。
Dr. Bate: I like to tell the story of someone coming to my office paying $2 and my going down to the Busy Bee cafe and eating and paying 90 cents, and then the girl at the Busy Bee going over to McGarry’s and buying some hose, McGarry’s going to Bowser’s Prescription Pharmacy and buying come aspirin; Bower’s going down to McKay’s and getting his pants pressed; the man from there going over to the black dentist — all within 1-1/2-block area.
贝特博士：我喜欢讲这样一个故事：有人来到我的办公室，花 2 美元，我去 Busy Bee 咖啡馆吃饭，付了 90 美分，然后 Busy Bee 的女孩去 McGarry's 买了一些软管，McGarry 去 Bowser's 处方药房买了阿司匹林；鲍尔要去麦凯家熨裤子。那个男人从那里去看黑人牙医——都在 1-1/2 街区范围内。
A dollar perhaps turned over 12 or 13 times in that area.
1 美元在该区域可能会翻转 12 或 13 倍。
But now, through integration, everything is gone from the black area.
但现在，通过整合，黑色区域的一切都消失了。
We have nothing there.
我们那里什么也没有。
You can’t get a spool of thread there anymore.
你不能再在那里得到线轴了。
So we got integration and suffocation and degradation [sic] and all the other “gations” you would like to have had.
所以我们得到了整合、窒息和退化[原文如此]以及你想要拥有的所有其他“门”。