The Secret of Tuxedo Park

JANUARY 16, 1939:

1939 年 1 月 16 日：

On the afternoon of January 16th 1939, two of the most famous scientists in the world visited a remote mansion outside New York City.

1939 年 1 月 16 日下午，两位世界上最著名的科学家参观了纽约市郊外的一座偏远宅邸。

Hidden inside was a world-class laboratory, the consuming passion of a secretive millionaire.

里面隐藏着一个世界级的实验室，一个神秘的百万富翁的巨大热情。

Within the scientific community there were tales of this mysterious hilltop laboratory, fabulously equipped, owned and operated by this millionaire who moved in the background, like a shadow.

在科学界，有关于这个神秘山顶实验室的故事，这个实验室装备精良，由这位像影子一样在后台移动的百万富翁拥有和经营。

You couldn't just get in.

你不能就这么进去。

But if you were a top-flight talent, the invitation would come from Alfred Loomis.

但如果你是顶级人才，邀请就会来自阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯。

Physicists Niels Bohr and Enrico Fermi brought staggering news.

物理学家尼尔斯·玻尔和恩里科·费米带来了令人震惊的消息。

That afternoon, Alfred Loomis became one of the first people to learn that scientists had split the atom, in a process that transformed mass into energy – potentially huge amounts of energy.

那天下午，阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯成为第一批得知科学家分裂了原子的人之一，这一过程将质量转化为能量——可能是巨大的能量。

Nobody knew the answer to the critical question: could this be used to build an unimaginably powerful bomb?

没有人知道关键问题的答案：这是否可以用来制造威力难以想象的炸弹？

Under any circumstances, the prospect would have been unsettling.

在任何情况下，前景都会令人不安。

Under these circumstances, it was terrifying: nuclear fission had been discovered in Hitler’s Germany.

在这种情况下，这是可怕的：在希特勒统治下的德国发现了核裂变。

I remember first learning about Loomis and just being blown away.

我记得第一次了解卢米斯时就被震撼了。

I'm like, what?

我想，什么？

This thing happened and nobody knows about it?

这件事发生了却没人知道？

Alfred Loomis didn’t start out reclusive, a millionaire, or even a scientist.

阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯（Alfred Loomis）一开始并不是隐居者，也不是百万富翁，甚至不是科学家。

In fact he had tried hard to live an unremarkable life.

事实上，他一直在努力过着平淡的生活。

After graduating from Harvard in 1912, he took a job as a corporate lawyer on Wall Street, made a good marriage, started a family, and settled in the village of Tuxedo Park, forty miles outside Manhattan.

1912年从哈佛大学毕业后，他在华尔街找到了一份公司律师的工作，结婚了，组建了家庭，并在曼哈顿郊外四十英里的燕尾服公园村定居。

On the surface, there was little that distinguished Loomis from any number of his well-bred peers.

从表面上看，卢米斯与许多有教养的同龄人没有什么区别。

Everyone knew that his father was unfaithful, everyone knew that he drank too much.

每个人都知道他的父亲不忠，每个人都知道他酗酒。

His parents’ marriage was miserable, and so Alfred had this sort of rootless, parentless existence.

父母的婚姻很不幸，阿尔弗雷德就这样过着无根、无父母的生活。

And he felt the shame of his father's behavior hanging over him.

他感到父亲的行为所带来的耻辱笼罩着他。

Growing up in an emotional void, Alfred found solace in scientific exploration.

阿尔弗雷德在情感空虚中长大，他在科学探索中找到了慰藉。

He was captivated by life’s mysteries—the smallest increments of time, prime numbers, black holes.

他着迷于生命的奥秘——最小的时间增量、质数、黑洞。

The pursuit of the unknown offered an escape, but only for a time.

对未知的追求提供了一种逃避，但只是暂时的。

The family troubles culminated when Alfred’s father died suddenly, leaving the young man responsible for his mother and sister.

当阿尔弗雷德的父亲突然去世时，家庭的麻烦达到了顶峰，留下这个年轻人负责他的母亲和妹妹。

The family had name and stature, but they didn't have money.

家里有名有地位，但没有钱。

Alfred wanted to make sure his sister and his mother would be okay, so he had to enter a profession and earn money and make up for, in wealth and respectability, what his father had not bequeathed them.

阿尔弗雷德想要确保他的妹妹和母亲平安无事，所以他必须从事一项职业，赚钱，并在财富和体面方面弥补父亲没有留给他们的东西。

Alfred’s marriage was the perfect expression of his rectitude.

阿尔弗雷德的婚姻是他正直的完美体现。

Oh Lord, my grandmother Ellen Farnsworth Loomis, was beautiful.

天啊，我的祖母埃伦·法恩斯沃思·卢米斯（Ellen Farnsworth Loomis）很漂亮。

I mean, she was called the most beautiful girl in Boston.

我的意思是，她被称为波士顿最美丽的女孩。

They were very, very active, you know I don't think they had a quiet moment.

他们非常非常活跃，我认为他们没有安静的时刻。

It was the one time that I think they were both incredibly happy, and had a lovely marriage.

那是我认为他们都非常幸福并且拥有一段美好婚姻的一次。

Alfred and Ellen played tennis and golf, attended soirées, and were praised in the social columns.

阿尔弗雷德和艾伦打网球和高尔夫球，参加晚会，并在社交专栏中受到赞扬。

Despite Alfred’s determination to fit in, there were things that set him apart.

尽管阿尔弗雷德决心融入其中，但仍有一些事情让他与众不同。

I have seen Alfred take on my father, a very good chess player, and two other scientists, good chess players.

我见过阿尔弗雷德与我的父亲（一位非常优秀的国际象棋棋手）以及另外两位科学家（都是优秀的国际象棋棋手）对决。

He was playing all three of them simultaneously.

他同时演奏这三个曲子。

He was looking away from it, possibly on the telephone in another room, and the moves were called out to him.

他把目光移开，可能是在另一个房间打电话，有人向他喊出了动作。

Alfred would nod his head and then reply what his move was.

阿尔弗雷德会点头，然后回答他的举动是什么。

Alfred never lost.

阿尔弗雷德从未输过。

There were other signs that there was more to Alfred Loomis than met the eye.

还有其他迹象表明，阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯的身份远比表面看上去的要复杂。

In his off hours he applied for patents on various small devices he had invented, ranging from a slide rule for calculating securities to a reliable fire extinguisher.

在业余时间，他为自己发明的各种小型设备申请了专利，从用于计算证券的计算尺到可靠的灭火器。

For Alfred Loomis this is like heaven.

对于阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯来说，这就像天堂一样。

Being able to invent things, having a real impact, this is a whole intoxicating new world to him.

能够发明东西，产生真正的影响，这对他来说是一个令人陶醉的新世界。

He comes up with a device to measure muzzle velocity much more accurately, than any other existing device.

他发明了一种比任何其他现有设备更准确地测量枪口速度的设备。

Accurate muzzle velocity means more accuracy hitting targets.

准确的枪口速度意味着更准确地击中目标。

And the fact that Loomis actually improves the accuracy of the major weapon of the First World War is quite an extraordinary accomplishment for someone who is in fact a lawyer.

事实上，卢米斯实际上提高了第一次世界大战主要武器的准确性，这对于实际上是一名律师的人来说是一项非凡的成就。

When the war ended in 1918 Alfred returned to his old law firm.

1918 年战争结束后，阿尔弗雷德回到了他原来的律师事务所。

He needed the income; he had a wife and three sons to support now, as well as his mother and sister.

他需要收入；他需要收入。他现在要养活妻子和三个儿子，还有他的母亲和妹妹。

But at Aberdeen, he had glimpsed a different, irresistible, future; his ambition had crystallized.

但在阿伯丁，他看到了一个不同的、不可抗拒的未来。他的野心已经具体化。

The world was exploding with new science.

世界正在爆炸性地涌现出新的科学。

It's as if the whole world of science went from black and white to technicolor, and Alfred wanted to be part of it.

就好像整个科学世界从黑白变成了彩色，而阿尔弗雷德想成为其中的一部分。

For Loomis, the prospect of a lifetime’s worth of soirees, socializing, and corporate law had become unbearable.

对于卢米斯来说，一生的晚会、社交活动和公司法已经变得难以忍受。

If he was going to avoid that fate, Loomis would have to make enough money to get out from under his obligations.

如果他想避免这种命运，卢米斯就必须赚到足够的钱来摆脱他的义务。

In 1919 he left his predictable future behind, and stepped on to the giant roller coaster that was investment banking in the Roaring Twenties.

1919年，他把可预见的未来抛在了身后，踏上了咆哮的二十年代投资银行业的巨大过山车。

Alfred’s brother-in-law Landon K.

阿尔弗雷德的妹夫兰登·K.

Thorne, who was one of the hottest young bond salesman on Wall Street.

索恩是华尔街最炙手可热的年轻债券推销员之一。

And Landon came to him and said, you and I should team up, and finance the electrification of rural America.

兰登找到他说，你和我应该合作，为美国农村的电气化提供资金。

They took Wall Street by storm, and he started making money hand over fist.

他们席卷了华尔街，他开始大赚一笔。

Even as Loomis was conquering Wall Street, he kept in touch with the scientists he had met at Aberdeen.

即使卢米斯征服了华尔街，他仍然与他在阿伯丁遇到的科学家保持联系。

Among them was a physicist who spent his summers at a farm on Long Lsland.

其中有一位物理学家，他在长岛的一个农场度过了夏天。

One afternoon in the summer of 1924, Loomis drove to see him.

1924 年夏天的一个下午，卢米斯开车去看他。

Robert W.

罗伯特·W.

Wood was quite an eccentric, flamboyant physicist, one of the foremost experimental physicists in America.

伍德是一位相当古怪、浮夸的物理学家，是美国最重要的实验物理学家之一。

Alfred dropped by to visit him and he found that in his barn Robert Wood had sort of this big informal laboratory set up.

阿尔弗雷德顺便去看望他，他发现罗伯特·伍德在他的谷仓里设立了一个大型的非正式实验室。

This was much more fun than the gossip at the yacht club, and so Loomis parked himself on a stool and Robert Wood bubbled with enthusiasm and told him all about the research he was doing.

这比游艇俱乐部里的八卦有趣多了，于是卢米斯把自己停在凳子上，罗伯特·伍德热情洋溢地告诉他自己正在做的所有研究。

Loomis was entranced.

卢米斯被迷住了。

He asked Wood if there was any research they could do together, perhaps something that needed funding.

他问伍德他们是否可以一起做任何研究，也许需要资金。

Wood talked about an experiment he had seen in France during the war.

伍德谈到了他在战争期间在法国看到的一个实验。

Scientists there had invented a device for locating enemy submarines that used an oscillator to send out a beam of high frequency sound waves.

那里的科学家发明了一种用于定位敌方潜艇的装置，该装置使用振荡器发出高频声波束。

Wood had noted that when fish swam into the beam they turned belly up and died; when he put a hand in he felt a sharp burning sensation.

伍德注意到，当鱼游进横梁时，它们就会翻肚皮而死。当他把手伸进去的时候，他感到一阵强烈的灼烧感。

Wood suggested that they could start by asking why.

伍德建议他们可以先问为什么。

Loomis wasn’t one for half measures.

卢米斯并不是一个半途而废的人。

He bought a massive General Electric oscillator, even more powerful than the one Wood had seen in France.

他购买了一台大型通用电气振荡器，甚至比伍德在法国看到的还要强大。

They installed it in Loomis’s garage in Tuxedo Park, and stepped up the output from 2000 to 50,000 volts.

他们将其安装在 Luomis 位于 Tuxedo Park 的车库中，并将输出电压从 2000 伏提高到 50,000 伏。

Then they stuffed cotton in their ears, put on earmuffs, and switched it on.

然后他们把棉花塞进耳朵里，戴上耳罩，然后开机。

They keep on increasing the power that they're getting out of it, something that General Electric had never intended, creating greater and greater sound waves, which they then used to kill small animals, deform cells etc. It may seem rather cruel, but in fact they're trying to understand how these waves interact with organisms.

他们不断增加从中获得的能量，这是通用电气从未想过的，他们创造了越来越大的声波，然后他们用声波杀死小动物，使细胞变形等。这可能看起来相当残酷，但事实上他们试图了解这些声波如何与生物体相互作用。

And ultimately what it does lead to is a safe way to look at things like a fetus.

最终，它确实带来了一种安全的方式来看待胎儿等事物。

Wood and Loomis actually invented this new device, which becomes the basis for ultrasound technology.

伍德和卢米斯实际上发明了这种新设备，它成为超声波技术的基础。

Loomis’s ambitions get greater and greater, and he decides to model himself after these genteel British scientists, like Lord Raleigh, who have mansions and their own private laboratories and do cutting edge work.

卢米斯的野心越来越大，他决定以罗利勋爵等优雅的英国科学家为榜样，他们拥有豪宅和自己的私人实验室，从事前沿工作。

So he starts hunting around Tuxedo Park and he finds this enormous old mansion.

于是他开始在燕尾服公园周围寻找，并发现了这座巨大的古老宅邸。

It's been derelict for about ten years.

它已经荒废了大约十年了。

It's very private, it's all up on it's own, and he decides that this would be the perfect laboratory for a gentlemen scientist.

这是非常私密的，一切都是独立的，他认为这将是一位绅士科学家的完美实验室。

In the years that the mansion named Tower House stood vacant, its weather-beaten battlements and broken windows had given rise to all sorts of sinister tales.

这座名为“塔楼”的宅邸闲置的那些年里，饱经风霜的城垛和破碎的窗户引发了各种险恶的故事。

Now the place took on a new air of mystery, as trucks arrived with load after load of exotic machinery.

现在，随着卡车满载奇异的机械抵达，这个地方呈现出一种新的神秘气氛。

Behind those stone walls, Loomis was converting Tower House into a state-of-the-art laboratory.

在这些石墙后面，卢米斯正在将塔楼改造成最先进的实验室。

The elegant bedrooms and lounges, grand salon and ballroom, were fitted out to house the scientists that Loomis began inviting to Tuxedo Park.

优雅的卧室和休息室、豪华沙龙和舞厅是为卢米斯邀请来到燕尾服公园的科学家们准备的。

For many of them, coming from cash-strapped universities in the middle of the Great Depression, it was like traveling to another world.

对于他们中的许多人来说，他们来自大萧条时期资金短缺的大学，这就像前往另一个世界。

You get off at the train station and Alfred Loomis' Rolls comes up and picks you up, and drives you through these enormous stone gates.

你在火车站下车，阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯 (Alfred Loomis) 的劳斯莱斯 (Rolls) 就会来接你，并开车送你穿过这些巨大的石门。

And you start climbing up these winding, narrow roads, passing forty-bedroom mansions with stable houses and guest houses.

然后你开始爬上这些蜿蜒狭窄的道路，经过四十间卧室的豪宅，里面有马厩和宾馆。

And you arrive at the Tower House, and the butler welcomes you.

当您到达塔楼时，管家会欢迎您。

I can't imagine what Loomis's neighbors thought, because many of these people who arrived, first of all, they were foreigners.

我无法想象卢米斯的邻居们是怎么想的，因为来到这里的人中，首先有很多是外国人。

Many of them spoke with foreign accents.

他们中的许多人操着外国口音。

They're also Jews, and Jews are simply not allowed to live in Tuxedo Park.

他们也是犹太人，而犹太人根本不被允许住在燕尾服公园里。

There is all kinds of gossip and all kinds of whispering about what's going on up there.

关于那里发生的事情有各种各样的八卦和各种窃窃私语。

The newspapers have covered some of the more sensational of Alfred's experiments.

报纸报道了阿尔弗雷德的一些更耸人听闻的实验。

There are rumors that he is killing fish, dissecting frogs, and there is something that the newspapers have dubbed, “The Whispers of Death.”

有传言说他正在杀鱼、解剖青蛙，报纸将其称为“死亡的低语”。

Rumors of a secretive wealthy eccentric conducting strange experiments in a remote Gothic mansion were too good for the press to resist.

关于一位神秘的富有怪人在一座偏远的哥特式宅邸中进行奇怪实验的谣言让媒体无法抗拒。

Alfred abhorred publicity, he ran from it.

阿尔弗雷德厌恶公众的关注，他逃避公众的关注。

And I remember when I was married there was a picture of me in the New York Times with my husband.

我记得当我结婚时，《纽约时报》上刊登了一张我和我丈夫的照片。

And about a week later, when we got back from our honeymoon, he had kept the picture, and he pointed to it and he said, “that will be one of two times your face will appear in the newspaper.” And the second time being my death.

大约一周后，当我们蜜月回来时，他保留了这张照片，他指着它说：“这将是你的脸出现在报纸上的两次之一。”第二次是我的死亡。

And that was that.

就是这样。

Loomis hated any breach in his wall of privacy, to the point that resented his own servants.

卢米斯讨厌任何侵犯他隐私的行为，甚至对他自己的仆人也感到不满。

In order to escape them Loomis built an ultra-modern residence adjacent to the laboratory whose chief virtue was a “servantless existence.” Loomis built a sanctuary of his own design, a hideaway in which everything was subsumed in scientific exploration.

为了躲避他们，卢米斯在实验室附近建造了一座超现代的住宅，其主要优点是“没有仆人的存在”。卢米斯建造了一座自己设计的避难所，一个将一切都纳入科学探索的隐秘之处。

More and more, even his wife found herself on the outside.

甚至他的妻子也越来越发现自己被排斥在外。

Ellen was very supportive of her husband.

艾伦非常支持她的丈夫。

She tried to keep up, she tried to have a sort of lively interest in his inquiries.

她努力跟上，努力对他的询问表现出浓厚的兴趣。

She tried to be housekeeper, helpmate, and doer of odd jobs, to have some role in this new scientific hobby that seemed to consume all of her husband's passion and time.

她试图成为管家、帮手和打零工，在这个似乎耗尽了她丈夫所有热情和时间的新科学爱好中发挥自己的作用。

Little by little, she felt the distance.

渐渐地，她感觉到了距离。

And I think she just didn't know how to stop it from growing.

我认为她只是不知道如何阻止它增长。

And then began the migraine headaches, and there was no bringing her back to her joyful, prettiest girl in Boston that he married.

然后偏头痛开始发作，她再也无法回到他娶的波士顿最快乐、最漂亮的女孩身边。

The Loomis boys - Lee, Farney, and Henry - were sent away to boarding school at the age of seven, as Alfred had been.

卢米斯家的男孩——李、法尼和亨利——七岁时被送到寄宿学校，就像阿尔弗雷德一样。

When they came home for holidays and vacations they loved working with their father in the lab, but he took little interest in their lives.

当他们回家度假时，他们喜欢和父亲一起在实验室工作，但他对他们的生活不感兴趣。

Their efforts to please usually went unnoticed, as when Farney came home from boarding school, confident that he was finally good enough to play chess with his father.

他们取悦他人的努力通常不会被注意到，就像当法尼从寄宿学校回家时，他自信自己终于能和父亲下棋了。

His father finally said,”Okay, well, you set up the board on the porch.”

他父亲最后说：“好吧，好吧，你把木板放在门廊上。”

THE PALACE OF SCIENCE 1929-1938

科学宫殿 1929-1938

Loomis was living a double life, spending his days on Wall Street and his evenings and weekends in the lab.

卢米斯过着双重生活，白天在华尔街度过，晚上和周末则在实验室度过。

By the beginning of 1929 Loomis and Thorne had become, as Fortune magazine put it, banker and spokesmen for America’s booming electrical industry.

正如《财富》杂志所说，到 1929 年初，卢米斯和索恩已成为美国蓬勃发展的电力行业的银行家和代言人。

But even as their business was growing by leaps and bounds, Loomis was starting to feel that there was something very wrong with the stock market.

但即使他们的业务突飞猛进，卢米斯也开始感觉到股市出了问题。

When my father was a little boy, the family went to England, on this big cruise ship.

当我父亲还是个小男孩的时候，全家乘坐这艘大游轮去了英国。

Dad shared with me that one day on the trip Alfred was just doing a bunch of calculations.

爸爸告诉我，有一天，阿尔弗雷德在旅途中只是做了一堆计算。

And then was suddenly standing up saying that he was going to send a cable to his partner, his brother-in-law, Landon Thorne, to tell him to sell everything and buy gold.

然后他突然站起来说，他要给他的合伙人、他的妹夫兰登·索恩发一封电报，告诉他卖掉所有东西，买黄金。

And Landon did just that.

兰登就是这样做的。

Landon did not hesitate.

兰登没有犹豫。

He sold everything they had.

他卖掉了他们拥有的一切。

Which was remarkable, you know, after working and working to build up their resources to turn around and sell them immediately.

你知道，在努力积累资源以立即扭亏为盈并出售它们之后，这是非常了不起的。

Over the next months, as stocks soared, Loomis and Thorne quietly pulled their money out of the market.

接下来的几个月里，随着股市飙升，卢米斯和索恩悄悄地将资金撤出市场。

Then came Black Thursday.

然后是黑色星期四。

On October 24 1929 stock prices plummeted, and stunned investors saw their entire net worth wiped out overnight.

1929 年 10 月 24 日，股票价格暴跌，震惊的投资者发现自己的全部净资产在一夜之间化为乌有。

Loomis and Thorne came through without a scratch.

卢米斯和索恩毫发无伤地渡过难关。

They were sitting on a mountain of cash when the market broke.

当市场崩溃时，他们坐拥大量现金。

It meant that he had money to invest.

这意味着他有钱可以投资。

And Alfred Loomis made a second fortune – apparently $30 to $40 million more - during the Depression.

阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯 (Alfred Loomis) 在大萧条期间赚到了第二笔财富——显然多了 30 到 4000 万美元。

In the spring of 1933 Loomis abruptly walked away from Wall Street.

1933 年春天，卢米斯突然离开了华尔街。

At last he could devote himself to science.

他终于可以全身心投入科学事业了。

The upshot was a stream of discoveries.

结果是一连串的发现。

He discovered - I hate to think how he figured it out - that by subjecting a person to these very strong high frequency sound waves, it created a fever.

他发现——我讨厌想他是怎么想出来的——让一个人接触这些非常强的高频声波，就会引起发烧。

There were some conditions where you needed to induce a fever.

在某些情况下，您需要引起发烧。

Now previous to this, they had to actually give the subject malaria.

在此之前，他们必须实际给受试者注射疟疾。

And if you can imagine how horrific that would have been, well, to cure you we have to give you malaria.

如果你能想象那将是多么可怕，那么，为了治愈你，我们必须给你带来疟疾。

Now they could actually induce the fever by using these high-frequency sound waves.

现在他们实际上可以利用这些高频声波来引起发烧。

Loomis buys the most precise clocks ever made, the most expensive state-of-the-art crystals for his experiments.

卢米斯为他的实验购买了有史以来最精确的时钟和最昂贵的最先进的晶体。

He becomes a leading authority in precise measurements of time.

他成为精确测量时间的权威。

And then there's this work, the study of brain waves.

然后是这项工作，脑电波研究。

Most doctors didn’t believe that brain waves existed and Loomis decided well, their equipment isn’t good enough.

大多数医生不相信脑电波的存在，卢米斯认为，他们的设备不够好。

And it's through Loomis' work that the basic stages of sleep are for the first time measured and systematically described.

正是通过卢米斯的工作，睡眠的基本阶段首次被测量和系统地描述。

For the sleep experiments, Loomis enlisted his son Henry, who had a knack for falling asleep despite the web of wires and sensors that were applied to his head and body.

在睡眠实验中，卢米斯招募了他的儿子亨利，尽管他的头部和身体上布满了电线和传感器，亨利却有办法入睡。

Once, when the sensors indicated that the boy was in a deep sleep, Alfred whispered that Henry’s beloved sailboat had caught fire.

有一次，当传感器显示男孩正在熟睡时，阿尔弗雷德低声说亨利心爱的帆船着火了。

Henry flew out of the cot.

亨利从小床上飞了出来。

The wires went flying everywhere and he tried to scramble up the side of the wall, thinking he was going to put out a fire.

电线飞得到处都是，他试图爬上墙边，以为自己要灭火。

So they discovered that even when we’re in deep sleep, we're still conscious of activity around us.

因此他们发现，即使我们处于深度睡眠状态，我们仍然能意识到周围的活动。

[LAUGH] Henry loved it.

[笑]亨利很喜欢它。

There was so much that went on at Tower House.

塔楼发生了很多事情。

This was serious research that was being done by the best physicists, the best engineers, the best scientists of the time.

这是当时最好的物理学家、最好的工程师、最好的科学家正在进行的严肃研究。

Six or eight or ten papers came out of Tower House every year.

塔楼每年发表六、八或十篇论文。

They were respected, they were important.

他们受到尊重，他们很重要。

It's beyond a scientific playground.

它超出了科学游乐场的范围。

I mean this is a scientific idyll.

我的意思是，这是一个科学的田园诗。

There is nothing like it anywhere in the world.

世界上任何地方都没有类似的事情。

Einstein refers to Loomis's compound as a “palace of science,” and it truly is.

爱因斯坦将卢米斯的建筑群称为“科学宫殿”，确实如此。

Alfred’s life was this passion for science.

阿尔弗雷德的一生就是对科学的热情。

He simply wasn't at home.

他根本不在家。

And Ellen just floated in the back.

而艾伦就漂浮在后面。

In her letters Ellen said “Oh I wish I knew more about what Alfred is doing, he seems so happy in the laboratory.” Well Manette did know what he was doing in the laboratory.

艾伦在信中说：“哦，我希望我能更多地了解阿尔弗雷德在做什么，他在实验室里看起来很开心。”嗯，马内特确实知道他在实验室里做什么。

One of the few women who was welcome inside the male world of Tower House was Manette Hobart, the wife of Loomis’s longtime protégé.

马内特·霍巴特是塔楼男性世界中少数受到欢迎的女性之一，她是卢米斯长期门徒的妻子。

In the late 1930s Manette’s husband left Tuxedo Park for an extended research program.

20 世纪 30 年代末，马内特的丈夫离开燕尾服公园去参加扩展的研究项目。

While he was gone, why Manette was there on site, the two of them I guess were somewhat thrown together.

当他不在的时候，为什么马内特会出现在现场，我猜他们两个有点混在一起。

How did Alfred fall in love with her?

阿尔弗雷德是如何爱上她的？

Because she was interesting.

因为她很有趣。

And she didn't have the headaches.

而且她没有头痛。

She was the new woman, the modern woman.

她是新女性，现代女性。

And my God, she was interested in science.

天哪，她对科学很感兴趣。

And she was very drawn to Alfred.

她对阿尔弗雷德非常着迷。

As Alfred’s personal life took on another hidden dimension, political turmoil began casting a shadow over his palace of science.

随着阿尔弗雷德的个人生活呈现出另一个隐藏的维度，政治动荡开始给他的科学宫殿蒙上阴影。

As Europe teetered on the brink of war, America seethed with anger.

当欧洲在战争边缘摇摇欲坠时，美国怒火中烧。

The country was overwhelmingly isolationist.

这个国家绝大多数都是孤立主义者。

And not only that, but the feeling was very, very bitter.

不仅如此，这种感觉还非常非常苦涩。

You had very respected American figures talking about the corrupt munitions industry and the British plutocrats trying to get Americans involved in the coming war.

非常受人尊敬的美国人物谈论腐败的军火工业和英国富豪试图让美国人卷入即将到来的战争。

Loomis, on the other hand, is really out of step with the mainstream sentiment of the country.

另一方面，卢米斯确实与该国的主流情绪格格不入。

And that’s because he is talking to all of these European scientist who are coming, and they are watching with absolute dismay and horror, what is happening in Germany.

那是因为他正在与所有即将到来的欧洲科学家交谈，他们正以绝对的沮丧和恐惧注视着德国正在发生的事情。

He has no doubt that there will be a war, and that America will become involved.

他毫不怀疑将会发生一场战争，而美国也会卷入其中。

By 1938 no Jew in Germany was allowed to hold an academic position.

到 1938 年，德国不允许犹太人担任学术职务。

Alfred said to me that was a real warning bell for him.

阿尔弗雷德对我说，这对他来说是一个真正的警告。

And Alfred began offering to pay, not only to bring them over, to house them, but found them jobs.

阿尔弗雷德开始提出支付费用，不仅把他们带过来，为他们提供住房，而且还为他们找到了工作。

He did that for a number of scientists.

他为许多科学家做到了这一点。

Because my gosh, there was real danger in the air.

因为天哪，空气中真的充满了危险。

By the beginning of 1939, when Niels Bohr and Enrico Fermi came to Tower House and raised the specter of a Nazi super-bomb, Loomis knew he had to do something.

1939 年初，当尼尔斯·玻尔 (Niels Bohr) 和恩里科·费米 (Enrico Fermi) 来到塔楼并提出纳粹超级炸弹的幽灵时，卢米斯知道他必须做点什么。

He shared his misgivings with kindred spirits like Karl Compton, the head of MIT, and Vannevar Bush at the Carnegie Institution.

他与麻省理工学院院长卡尔·康普顿和卡内基研究所的万尼瓦尔·布什等志趣相投的人分享了他的疑虑。

It was Compton who came up with the suggestion.

这个建议是康普顿提出的。

Karl Compton says radar is going to be one of the most important weapons in the coming war.

卡尔·康普顿表示，雷达将成为未来战争中最重要的武器之一。

And they have a group at MIT that have been working on this radar, but it involves very expensive equipment, it involves planes.

麻省理工学院有一个小组一直在研究这种雷达，但它涉及非常昂贵的设备，它涉及飞机。

It needs financing, and they don't have the money for it at MIT.

它需要融资，但麻省理工学院没有钱。

That spring, with Europe still at peace, Loomis dropped all of his other experiments and began studying radar with characteristic intensity.

那年春天，欧洲仍处于和平状态，卢米斯放弃了所有其他实验，开始研究具有特征强度的雷达。

It was a new technology, with roots in several countries, including a far-fetched attempt by the British to defend against air attack.

这是一项新技术，起源于多个国家，其中包括英国为防御空袭而进行的一项牵强的尝试。

The British had a reward for anyone who could kill a sheep from a hundred yards, with the idea that that would lead to a death ray that could zap enemy pilots in the cockpit.

英国人对任何能在一百码外杀死一只羊的人进行奖励，认为这会产生死亡射线，可以杀死驾驶舱内的敌方飞行员。

And they reached out to a Scottish scientist, Robert Watson-Watt and said, “look into this.” It didn't take him long to rule out a death ray.

他们联系了苏格兰科学家罗伯特·沃森·瓦特并说：“调查一下这个问题。”没过多久他就排除了死亡射线的可能性。

But he came back with this idea of what he called radio detection, as opposed to radio destruction.

但他回来后提出了他所谓的无线电探测的想法，而不是无线电破坏。

With radar, you're sending out a wave of energy, imagine if you dropped a pebble in a pond.

使用雷达，您可以发出能量波，想象一下，如果您将一块鹅卵石扔进池塘。

That ripple it would start spreading out, and when it would hit something.

那个涟漪会开始扩散，并且会碰到什么东西。

A portion of that energy would come back to where it started.

一部分能量会回到它开始的地方。

Loomis immediately focused on the next generation of the technology: microwave radar.

卢米斯立即专注于下一代技术：微波雷达。

If he could build a device that used high frequency radio waves, called microwaves, it would be more more compact, precise, and versatile than any radar system in the world.

如果他能够制造出一种使用高频无线电波（称为微波）的设备，它将比世界上任何雷达系统都更加紧凑、精确和通用。

There’s a huge advantage with shorter wavelengths, and the fact that he's doing this as early as 1939 is quite extraordinary.

较短的波长具有巨大的优势，而他早在 1939 年就开始这样做的事实是非常了不起的。

There was one huge hurdle: in any radar system, the echo of a distant target is incredibly faint.

有一个巨大的障碍：在任何雷达系统中，远处目标的回波都非常微弱。

Going back to our pond analogy, if the ripple expanded as it went out 100 miles.

回到我们池塘的比喻，如果涟漪在传播 100 英里时扩大。

Just think how weak and how diffuse that would be?

试想一下，这将是多么微弱和多么分散？

And then the signal coming back to you is even weaker and more diffuse.

然后返回给您的信号会更弱且更分散。

In order to produce discernable echoes from distant targets, a radar system needed to transmit very strong radio waves.

为了从远处目标产生可辨别的回波，雷达系统需要发射非常强的无线电波。

Engineers had mastered long wave radar transmitters, but nobody knew how to build a microwave device.

工程师们已经掌握了长波雷达发射机，但没有人知道如何建造微波设备。

It became Loomis’s Holy Grail.

它成为卢米斯的圣杯。

In the summer of 1940 he brought in a team of scientists to solve his transmitter problem.

1940 年夏天，他请来了一组科学家来解决他的发射机问题。

Radar devices at the time were very large and bulky.

当时的雷达设备非常庞大且笨重。

And they try and disguise the one they've got by putting it in a diaper truck, which they paint in the Tuxedo Park colors.

他们试图通过将尿布车放入尿布车来掩饰他们的尿布，并将其涂成燕尾服公园的颜色。

And they're running this truck all over the golf course while Loomis's youngest son, Henry, pilots the plane for them to track.

他们在高尔夫球场上开着这辆卡车，而卢米斯最小的儿子亨利则驾驶飞机供他们跟踪。

Loomis was working frantically, but making little progress on the transmitter.

卢米斯正在疯狂地工作，但发射机却毫无进展。

With every passing day, the need grew more urgent.

随着时间一天天过去，这种需求变得更加迫切。

When the German Army invaded France in May of 1940, it started to look as if America might soon be facing Hitler on its own.

1940 年 5 月，当德国军队入侵法国时，美国似乎很快就要独自面对希特勒了。

As the French forces collapsed, President Franklin Roosevelt created a small but powerful organization to develop the sophisticated new weapons that would be needed in a war with Nazi Germany.

随着法国军队的崩溃，富兰克林·罗斯福总统创建了一个小而强大的组织来开发与纳粹德国的战争所需的尖端新武器。

Loomis led the Microwave Radar Section.

卢米斯领导微波雷达部门。

Loomis’s work was now a national concern, but it was going nowhere.

卢米斯的工作现在引起了全国关注，但毫无进展。

All of his money, knowledge, and connections couldn’t solve the transmitter problem.

他所有的金钱、知识和人脉都无法解决发射机问题。

His microwave radar program was all but dead, along with his notions of countering the Nazis.

他的微波雷达计划以及他对抗纳粹的想法几乎都已失效。

Loomis couldn’t know it, but even as he prepared to report his failure to Washington, British prime minister Winston Churchill was setting in motion a plan to turn the tide of war, that would put Loomis himself at center stage.

卢米斯可能不知道，但就在他准备向华盛顿报告自己的失败时，英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔正在启动一项扭转战争潮流的计划，这将使卢米斯本人成为焦点。

From shortly after six o’clock until half past ten, the German air force carried out one of the most devastating raids of the war.

从六点刚过到十点半，德国空军进行了战争中最具破坏性的空袭之一。

Their main target was the city of London.

他们的主要目标是伦敦市。

The British have their backs to the wall.

英国人已经背水一战了。

They were going to need America's assistance.

他们需要美国的援助。

And so Churchill decided to make what really was one of the greatest gambles of the war.

因此，丘吉尔决定进行一场真正的战争中最大的赌博之一。

The British had all of these great inventions and discoveries that they had developed in the years leading up to the war.

英国人在战争前的几年里拥有所有这些伟大的发明和发现。

What they didn't have was the capacity or the resources to develop them further.

他们缺乏的是进一步发展它们的能力或资源。

So in the summer of 1940, the British simply said, let's just give them everything.

所以在 1940 年夏天，英国人简单地说，让我们给他们一切吧。

And hopefully, the Americans will reciprocate.

希望美国人能够做出回报。

It’s one of the most extreaordinary events of the Second World War.

这是第二次世界大战中最不寻常的事件之一。

For Alfred Loomis, the drama began with an urgent summons to Washington.

对于阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯来说，戏剧性的一幕始于对华盛顿的紧急召唤。

A delegation of Britain’s leading military scientists, led by Sir Henry Tizard, had arrived for a series of top-secret meetings with their American counterparts.

由亨利·蒂扎德爵士率领的英国顶尖军事科学家代表团抵达美国，与美国同行举行一系列绝密会议。

The night before the meetings were to begin, September 19, 1940, Loomis invited members of the Tizard Mission to his palatial suite at the Wardman Park Hotel.

1940 年 9 月 19 日，会议开始前一天晚上，卢米斯邀请蒂扎德代表团成员到他位于沃德曼公园酒店的富丽堂皇的套房。

It soon became clear that some of the Americans in the room still wanted nothing to do with Britain’s war.

很快就发现，房间里的一些美国人仍然不想与英国的战争有任何关系。

The American admirals were very standoffish, and were very distrustful of this sort of scientific exchange with England; they did not want to reveal the Navy's secrets.

美国海军上将们非常冷淡，并且非常不信任与英国的这种科学交流。他们不想泄露海军的秘密。

Loomis, by contrast, was absolutely unabashed in his desire to help the British cause.

相比之下，卢米斯毫不掩饰他帮助英国事业的愿望。

And he really won the British over.

他确实赢得了英国人的支持。

They decided to put their cards on their table that night.

那天晚上，他们决定把牌摊到桌面上。

Churchill had instructed his emissaries to hand over his country’s most precious military secrets to the Americans: jet engines, anti-submarine devices, proximity fuses, explosives, and more.

丘吉尔指示他的特使将他的国家最珍贵的军事秘密交给美国人：喷气发动机、反潜装置、近炸引信、炸药等等。

But the biggest news came last.

但最大的新闻是最后出现的。

They reveal to Loomis the existence of this new type of radio tube called the cavity magnetron.

他们向卢米斯透露了这种称为空腔磁控管的新型无线电管的存在。

The cavity magnetron was that extremely powerful microwave transmitter that Loomis was looking for.

腔体磁控管是卢米斯正在寻找的极其强大的微波发射器。

It was a thousand times better than anything the American's knew of.

这比美国人所知道的任何事情都要好一千倍。

Suddenly microwave radar is possible.

突然之间，微波雷达成为可能。

It's such a quantum leap forward in the technology, Loomis can not believe that such a thing is possible.

这是技术上的巨大飞跃，卢米斯无法相信这样的事情是可能的。

“The atmosphere was electric,” one of the British scientists recalled.

“大气层充满电，”一位英国科学家回忆道。

“They found it hard to believe what lay on the table in front of us might prove to be the salvation of the Allied cause.” The magnetron made microwave radar possible; but it was up to Alfred Loomis to make it a reality.

“他们很难相信摆在我们面前的事情可能会拯救盟军的事业。”磁控管使微波雷达成为可能；但这取决于阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯 (Alfred Loomis) 使其成为现实。

You still needed to do a world of innovation.

你仍然需要创造一个创新的世界。

So then it became a decision, was it gonna be handed off to industry or was a new type of lab going to be set up.

于是就做出了一个决定，是要交给工业界还是要建立一个新型实验室。

And there was a fight.

然后发生了一场战斗。

Several companies were eager to get their hands on what promised to be a phenomenally lucrative program.

有几家公司渴望参与这个有望带来丰厚利润的项目。

Loomis avoided their advances.

卢米斯避开了他们的进攻。

Instead, he proposed instead a new type of research operation, combining elements of industry, academia, and the military.

相反，他提出了一种新型的研究行动，结合了工业界、学术界和军队的元素。

He helped negotiate an agreement to house it at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one of the few places that a large top-secret enterprise might go unnoticed.

他帮助谈判达成了一项将其安置在麻省理工学院的协议，这是大型绝密企业可能不被注意的少数几个地方之一。

They named it “The Radiation Laboratory;” but everyone called it “The Rad Lab.”

他们将其命名为“辐射实验室”；但每个人都称其为“Rad Lab”。

The Rad Lab was an important innovation in the organization of scientific research.

Rad 实验室是科学研究组织方面的一项重要创新。

You bring together hundreds of scientists, the best physicists, the best engineers, and you put them all to work together, in a interdisciplinary fashion.

你聚集了数百名科学家、最好的物理学家、最好的工程师，让他们以跨学科的方式一起工作。

This was really the birth of big science.

这确实是大科学的诞生。

One of the reasons Loomis is so successful in the 1930s is because he has immense wealth.

卢米斯在 20 世纪 30 年代如此成功的原因之一是他拥有巨大的财富。

But if his personal fortune was $50 million, that pales in comparison to the billions of dollars that the government was going to spend on the radar program.

但如果他的个人财富是 5000 万美元，那与政府将在雷达项目上花费的数十亿美元相比就显得相形见绌了。

The Rad Lab was going to need thousands of components – antennas, power supplies, and the like - and fast.

Rad 实验室将需要数千个组件——天线、电源等——而且速度很快。

Loomis summoned agents from five of the biggest manufacturing companies in America to his New York apartment, and had them bid for the production contracts then and there.

卢米斯将美国最大的五家制造公司的代理人召集到他在纽约的公寓，让他们当场竞标生产合同。

The representatives said that they thought that they could possibly get their bids in under a month.

代表们表示，他们认为可能在一个月内获得投标。

And Loomis looked at them and said, no. I want your bids in at the end of the week.

卢米斯看着他们说，不。我希望您在本周末提交出价。

I want the components at the end of 30 days.

我想要 30 天后的组件。

He just let no obstacle stand in his way.

他只是让任何障碍都挡在他的路上。

Loomis had to recruit the best scientists in the country for a program that did not yet exist.

卢米斯必须招募国内最优秀的科学家来开展一项尚不存在的项目。

For that, he turned to another Tower House regular, nuclear pioneer Ernest Lawrence.

为此，他求助于另一位塔楼常客、核先驱欧内斯特·劳伦斯。

Recently Loomis had helped Lawrence raise over a million dollars to build a particle accelerator.

最近，卢米斯帮助劳伦斯筹集了超过一百万美元来建造粒子加速器。

Now, it was time for Lawrence to return the favor.

现在，是劳伦斯报答的时候了。

From Loomis’s apartment, the most famous physicist in America started making calls.

美国最著名的物理学家在卢米斯的公寓里开始打电话。

The typical recruiting process might be, “I want you to come to MIT to work on this important project.” And the scientist would say, “what kind of project?” “An important project.” And they would drop everything and head to MIT.

典型的招聘流程可能是：“我希望你来麻省理工学院从事这个重要的项目。”科学家会说，“什么样的项目？” “一个重要的项目。”他们会放下一切，前往麻省理工学院。

It was really amazing.

真是太棒了。

In this first few weeks, they attracted six future Nobel laureates to this lab.

在最初的几周内，他们吸引了六位未来的诺贝尔奖获得者来到这个实验室。

In November 1940 Loomis's staff packed up their equipment, shuttered the Tower House lab forever, and headed to MIT.

1940 年 11 月，卢米斯的工作人员收拾好设备，永远关闭了塔楼实验室，前往麻省理工学院。

The Rad Lab consisted of a few dozen people; their experimental facility an unheated tarpaper structure on the roof of Building 6.

Rad 实验室由几十名人员组成；他们的实验设施是 6 号楼屋顶上的一个不加热的防水纸结构。

In the days and weeks after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Americans were shocked to discover the sorry state of their country’s military.

在珍珠港袭击事件发生后的几天和几周内，美国人震惊地发现自己国家军队的糟糕状况。

There was one remarkable exception to the general shambles: America went to war with a radar program as advanced as any in the world.

在这一切混乱之中，有一个显着的例外：美国以世界上最先进的雷达计划参战。

The Rad Lab was still relatively small, and this group felt a tremendous amount of pride in the fact that they had helped their nation be more prepared than ever would have been imaginable without them.

Rad 实验室仍然相对较小，这个团队感到非常自豪，因为他们帮助他们的国家做好了比以往任何时候都更充分的准备，没有他们，这是无法想象的。

And the stature of the lab was elevated instantly.

实验室的地位瞬间提升。

Suddenly, military leaders became intensely interested in the Rad Lab.

突然间，军事领导人对辐射实验室产生了浓厚的兴趣。

Pearl Harbor had provided a dramatic illustration of the importance of air power, and the inadequacy of existing defenses.

珍珠港事件生动地说明了空中力量的重要性以及现有防御的不足。

When you see pictures of Second World War, say, attacks on American aircraft carrier, the entire sky is filled with anti-aircraft gun bursts.

当你看到第二次世界大战的照片时，比如说攻击美国航空母舰的照片，整个天空都充满了高射炮的连射。

They’re basically putting up a curtain of steel which hopefully the aircraft will run into.

他们基本上是在架起一个钢帘，希望飞机能够碰到。

One calculation has put it as high as 9,000 shells to bring down a single aircraft.

据计算，击落一架飞机需要 9,000 发炮弹。

Loomis’s automatic antiaircraft gun had the potential to fundamentally change that equation.

卢米斯的自动高射炮有可能从根本上改变这一局面。

But it involved some huge technical hurdles, chief among them the need for a radar device that could lock onto a single aircraft in a crowded sky and track it automatically.

但它涉及到一些巨大的技术障碍，其中最主要的是需要一种雷达设备，能够在拥挤的天空中锁定一架飞机并自动跟踪它。

One of Loomis' s really important ideas is the idea of conical scanning.

卢米斯真正重要的想法之一是锥形扫描的想法。

With conical scanning you're not trying to hit the aircraft directly with your radar pulse.

通过锥形扫描，您不会试图用雷达脉冲直接击中飞机。

Instead you’re creating a rapid series of pulses, with the aircraft in the center of your cone.

相反，你会产生一系列快速的脉冲，而飞机则位于圆锥体的中心。

When the aircraft is in the middle of the cone, you get a nice, steady signal.

当飞机位于圆锥体中间时，您会收到良好、稳定的信号。

But as the aircraft moves, the spot where the pulse is maximum shows the direction that the aircraft is moving.

但当飞机移动时，脉冲最大的点显示了飞机移动的方向。

You can then have a system which moves the radar atenna to track the aircraft

然后，您可以拥有一个移动雷达天线来跟踪飞机的系统

The device was ready for testing just four months after Pearl Harbor.

珍珠港事件发生仅四个月后，该设备就准备好进行测试。

It heralded the dawn of a new type of warfare.

它预示着新型战争的黎明。

There was little human input.

几乎没有人工投入。

Instead a battery of four guns was aimed and fired by a radar-controlled computer, operated remotely from inside a darkened trailer.

相反，由四门枪组成的电池组由雷达控制的计算机瞄准并发射，该计算机在黑暗的拖车内远程操作。

The remote controlled unit was a thousand times more accurate than manual guns, and unimpeded by cloud cover, or darkness.

遥控装置比手动枪精确一千倍，并且不受云层或黑暗的阻碍。

Witnesses marveled as the guns swiveled in unison, and fired at an invisible target in the night sky.

目击者惊叹于两门枪同时旋转，向夜空中看不见的目标开火。

Moments later an explosion miles overhead offered proof that the guns had found their target.

片刻之后，头顶上空数英里的爆炸证明火炮已经找到了目标。

This became a hugely important weapon because the Nazis would soon unveil the V1.

这成为一种非常重要的武器，因为纳粹很快就会推出 V1。

The V-1 is a form of cruise missile.

V-1 是巡航导弹的一种。

They're unmanned, they're shot from ramps on the French coast, and they're sent to land on British cities and explode, doing immense damage.

它们是无人驾驶的，从法国海岸的坡道上发射，然后被派往英国城市着陆并爆炸，造成巨大破坏。

This was an incredible innovation right there.

这是一项令人难以置信的创新。

Able to fly without pilots, to bomb enemy targets.

能够在没有飞行员的情况下飞行，轰炸敌方目标。

Well, against that came the incredible innovation of the Allies able to track them and shoot them down.

好吧，与此相反的是盟军令人难以置信的创新，能够追踪并击落他们。

It was a battle between two robots.

这是两个机器人之间的战斗。

And this automatic anti-aircraft gun neutralized what the Germans had thought would be one of their greatest new weapons.

这种自动高射炮抵消了德国人认为是他们最伟大的新武器之一。

Microwave radar revolutionized war.

微波雷达彻底改变了战争。

Installed on ships, submarines, bombers, and fighter planes, radar conferred the same, crucial, advantage: : an ability to see the enemy before being seen.

安装在舰艇、潜艇、轰炸机和战斗机上的雷达具有同样重要的优势：能够在敌人被发现之前就发现敌人。

But that was just the beginning.

但这只是开始。

The breadth of Rad Lab innovation was on full display when the Allies invaded Normandy in June of 1944.

1944 年 6 月盟军入侵诺曼底时，Rad Lab 创新的广度得到了充分展示。

Airplanes equipped with radar sets bombarded the French coastline; radar beacons guided parachute troops and glider borne infantry to their drop zones; a radar system in England tracked the progress of Allied fighters and spotted the enemy interceptors that followed.

配备雷达装置的飞机轰炸了法国海岸线；雷达信标引导伞兵和滑翔机步兵前往降落区；英国的雷达系统跟踪盟军战斗机的行进并发现随后的敌方拦截机。

By the spring of 1945 Loomis’s admirable public life stood in sharp contrast to his personal one.

到了 1945 年春天，卢米斯令人钦佩的公共生活与他的个人生活形成了鲜明的对比。

Alfred’s affair with Manette had become almost an open secret.

阿尔弗雷德与马内特的恋情几乎成了公开的秘密。

For years, Loomis had been sending Ellen off to sanitariums, allegedly for her health.

多年来，卢米斯一直将艾伦送往疗养院，据称是为了她的健康。

Now he tried to have her committed permanently.

现在他试图让她永久委身。

“No one was allowed to write or talk to her,” a daughter-in-law recalled.

“没有人被允许给她写信或说话，”一位儿媳回忆道。

“No visits from the children, no calls from the husband.

“孩子们没有来探望，丈夫也没有打来电话。

She thought she had been dumped there and abandoned.””

她以为自己被扔在那里并被遗弃了。”

Loomis had used his influence to have the doctor sign the papers.

卢米斯利用他的影响力让医生在文件上签字。

You know, he locked her away.

你知道，他把她锁起来了。

It was a terribly frightening and nightmarish experience for her.

这对她来说是一次非常可怕和噩梦般的经历。

And she never fully recovered.

她从未完全康复。

On April 4, 1945, Alfred and Ellen Loomis were divorced.

1945 年 4 月 4 日，阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯 (Alfred Loomis) 和埃伦·卢米斯 (Ellen Loomis) 离婚。

A few hours later he and Manette were married.

几个小时后，他和马内特结婚了。

When his oldest son Lee return from war and discovered that his father had had his mother locked away, he went and rescued his mother.

当他的大儿子李从战场回来时，发现父亲把母亲关了起来，他去救了他的母亲。

And she really lived the rest of her life pretty much as a recluse, cared for by nurses.

她的余生确实像隐士一样过着，由护士照顾。

Henry, my husband, was devastated.

我的丈夫亨利非常伤心。

He said he would never forgive his father for the fact of it happening so quickly.

他说他永远不会原谅他的父亲，因为事情发生得这么快。

In the last weeks of the war, Time magazine readied a cover story about one of the great untold stories of the war: radar.

在战争的最后几周，《时代》杂志准备了一篇关于战争中不为人知的伟大故事之一的封面故事：雷达。

The authors marveled at the scale of the operation: the Rad Lab had grown into an organization of nearly 4000 people spread over fifteen acres of floor space, with a budget close to $4 million a month.

作者们对其运作规模感到惊叹：Rad 实验室已发展成为一个拥有近 4000 名员工、占地 15 英亩、每月预算接近 400 万美元的组织。

The Rad Lab pointed the way toward the creation of the military industrial complex.

Rad 实验室为军事工业综合体的创建指明了道路。

It was not only the transfer of big science into a government project, but it was a government project on an industrial scale.

这不仅是将大科学转化为政府项目，而且是工业规模的政府项目。

The Rad Lab really hallmarks a new type of science.

Rad 实验室确实标志着一种新型科学的发展。

Individual scientists, even one as wealthy as Loomis, simply can't compete.

个别科学家，即使是像卢米斯这样富有的科学家，也根本无法竞争。

Loomis marks the end of the gentleman scientist with his private research laboratory.

卢米斯以其私人研究实验室标志着绅士科学家的终结。

Time magazine’s focus was the profound effect of radar on the war.

《时代》杂志的焦点是雷达对战争的深远影响。

Without radar it's hard to foresee that the Allies could have been successful.

如果没有雷达，很难预见盟军会取得成功。

Radar was important in virtually every military theater, every type of military operation.

雷达几乎在每个军事战区、每种类型的军事行动中都很重要。

After toiling for years in secrecy, the radar men looked forward to their moment in the sun.

经过多年的保密工作，雷达人员期待着他们在阳光下的时刻。

But as the deadline for the August 20th issue approached, another story knocked radar off the front page forever.

但随着 8 月 20 日的截止日期临近，另一则报道将雷达永远从头版上抹去了。

In quick succession, we dropped two atomic bombs on Japan.

很快，我们就在日本投下了两颗原子弹。

And that completely stole the thunder from the Rad Lab.

这完全抢走了辐射实验室的风头。

And yet, the Rad Lab was actually bigger than the bomb project and far more important to the war.

然而，辐射实验室实际上比炸弹项目更大，对战争也更重要。

The saying at the Rad Lab was, “The atomic bomb only ended the war.

Rad 实验室的说法是：“原子弹只是结束了战争。

Radar won it.” And I think that's true, and Alfred Loomis was a key part of that.

雷达赢了。”我认为这是真的，阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯是其中的关键部分。

The Rad Lab at MIT closed its doors at the end of 1945, and was soon all but forgotten.

麻省理工学院的 Rad 实验室于 1945 年底关闭，很快就被人们遗忘了。

Loomis never returned to Tuxedo Park.

卢米斯再也没有回到燕尾服公园。

He sold Tower House the contents of the fabled laboratory were left for the trash.

他卖掉了塔楼大厦，传说中的实验室里的东西都被扔进了垃圾桶。

From the moment the war ended, Loomis really started to withdraw from public life.

从战争结束的那一刻起，卢米斯就真正开始退出公众生活。

He did collect the Medal of Merit from Truman, but he turned down very large government jobs, he turned down university appointments.

他确实从杜鲁门那里获得了功绩勋章，但他拒绝了非常重要的政府工作，他拒绝了大学任命。

Alfred and Manette found tranquil lives on Long Island, where to some extent, they forgot about the world, and the world forgot about them.

阿尔弗雷德和马内特在长岛过着平静的生活，在某种程度上，他们忘记了世界，世界也忘记了他们。

When Alfred Loomis died on August 11 1975 at the age of eighty-seven, his passing attracted little notice.

1975 年 8 月 11 日，阿尔弗雷德·卢米斯 (Alfred Loomis) 去世，享年 87 岁，当时几乎没有引起人们的注意。

He wouldn’t have wanted it otherwise.

否则他就不会想要它。

“He never needed the approval of other people,” a colleague recalled.

“他从不需要别人的认可，”一位同事回忆道。

“He was motivated purely by the facts of the case, purely the adventure.”

“他的动机纯粹是案件的事实，纯粹是冒险。”

Loomis foresaw the need, for new methods, new technology, and new science at a crucial time.

卢米斯预见到在关键时刻需要新方法、新技术和新科学。

By force of logic and enthusiasm and energy, he just made things happen.

凭借逻辑、热情和能量的力量，他让事情发生了。

Can you imagine doing something more important in your life?

你能想象在你的生活中做一些更重要的事情吗？

I mean really taking a front row seat at saving the world.

我的意思是真正站在拯救世界的前排。