Sealab

Narrator: In the spring of 1964, Scott Carpenter was preparing for a new mission.

旁白：1964 年春天，斯科特·卡彭特正在为新的使命做准备。

The second American to orbit the earth, he had become one of the most famous men of his day.

他是第二个绕地球轨道飞行的美国人，已成为当时最著名的人物之一。

Now, he would be embarking on another, equally dangerous undertaking.

现在，他将开始另一项同样危险的事业。

This time, Carpenter would not be an Astronaut but an “Aquanaut,” venturing into the deepest parts of the ocean, a vast and forbidding domain every bit as daunting as outer space.

这一次，卡彭特不再是一名宇航员，而是一名“潜水员”，冒险进入海洋最深处，这是一个像外太空一样令人畏惧的广阔而险恶的领域。

Divers who attempted to chart its depths faced barriers that had thwarted mankind for centuries – near total blackness, bone-jarring cold, intense pressure that could disorient the mind and crush the body.

试图绘制其深度的潜水员面临着几个世纪以来阻碍人类前进的障碍——几乎完全漆黑、刺骨的寒冷、巨大的压力可能会让人迷失方向并压垮身体。

Carpenter and his fellow pioneers would attempt to break through those barriers -- going deeper and staying longer underwater than anyone had done before, seeing if it was possible for humans to live on the bottom of the ocean.

卡彭特和他的先驱同伴们将尝试突破这些障碍——比以前任何人都更深入并在水下停留更长时间，看看人类是否有可能生活在海底。

Their daring exploits were beginning capture the nation’s attention, but tragedy would consign their ground-breaking work to the shadows and obscure the accomplishments of the men of Sealab.

他们的大胆探索开始引起全国的关注，但悲剧却让他们的开创性工作黯然失色，并掩盖了 Sealab 人员的成就。

Narrator: On the first of October, 1959, the U.S.S.

旁白：1959年10月1日，美国海军

Archerfish glided to a stop 322 feet beneath the waves, off the Florida coast.

射水鱼滑翔到佛罗里达海岸附近海浪下方 322 英尺处停下来。

Two navy divers were about to test whether it was possible to escape from a submarine at this depth – something no one had ever tried before.

两名海军潜水员正准备测试是否有可能在这个深度从潜艇中逃生——这是以前从未有人尝试过的。

The men took a single lung full of compressed air and stepped out of a hatch into the water.

两人取出一个充满压缩空气的肺，从舱口走出进入水中。

They were immediately lifted upwards by their inflated vests -- travelling at six feet per second.

他们立即被充气背心向上举起——以每秒六英尺的速度行驶。

As they rose and the water pressure decreased, the air in their lungs kept expanding, forcing them to exhale a continuous stream of bubbles.

随着它们上升，水压降低，肺部的空气不断膨胀，迫使它们不断呼出气泡流。

53 seconds after leaving the Archerfish, the men burst onto the surface and took there first lungful of air.

离开射水鱼号 53 秒后，这些人突然浮出水面，吸入了第一口空气。

The daring test was known as a “blow and go,” and at its center was a pioneering researcher named Dr. George Bond.

这项大胆的测试被称为“一击即走”，其核心是一位名叫乔治·邦德博士的开创性研究人员。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : George Bond was the kind of guy that when he walked into a room, big tall guy with a deep resonant voice, and a kind of visionary air about him, people liked him.

本·赫尔沃斯 (Ben Hellwarth)，Sealab 作家：乔治·邦德是那种当他走进一个房间时，人们就会喜欢他的人，他身材高大，声音低沉洪亮，浑身散发着一种梦幻般的气息。

Even his...even people who didn’t agree with him, couldn’t help but kind of like him.

就连他……哪怕那些不认同他的人，都忍不住有点喜欢他。

And it made him the kind of leader people wanted to follow.

这使他成为人们想要追随的那种领导者。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: If he said, tomorrow we’re going to go to the moon, all of us would have said, let’s go.

鲍勃·巴斯，美国海军潜水员：如果他说，明天我们要去月球，我们所有人都会说，我们走吧。

He was just that type of guy.

他就是那种人。

Sylvia Earle, Explorer: George Bond was out there in the thick of things himself.

西尔维娅·厄尔（Sylvia Earle），探险家：乔治·邦德本人也身处其中。

He was a personal guinea pig.

他是个人的小白鼠。

He’d try things out before he’d expose others to the risks.

在让其他人面临风险之前，他会先尝试一下。

Narrator: He was a broad-shouldered former doctor from Appalachia, whose backwoods brogue and southern courtliness masked a driving determination to save lives and change the world.

旁白：他是一位来自阿巴拉契亚的宽阔肩膀的前医生，他的乡土风格和南方的彬彬有礼掩盖了拯救生命和改变世界的坚定决心。

Narrator: Bond had grown up around the small town of Bat Cave, North Carolina and returned there at the age of 31, as the region’s only doctor.

旁白：邦德在北卡罗来纳州蝙蝠洞小镇附近长大，31 岁时回到那里，成为该地区唯一的医生。

Within a few years, he had been named Doctor of the Year and was profiled in a film by the American Medical Association – honored for his tireless work serving 5,000 people, scattered across 500 square miles of rugged backcountry.

几年之内，他被评为年度最佳医生，并在美国医学协会的一部影片中进行了介绍，因其为分布在 500 平方英里崎岖偏远地区的 5,000 人提供的不知疲倦的工作而受到表彰。

Bond was drafted into the medical corps near the end of the Korean War.

朝鲜战争即将结束时，邦德被征召加入医疗队。

In March of 1957, he was assigned to the Medical Research Laboratory at the U.S. Naval Submarine Base in New London, Connecticut.

1957 年 3 月，他被分配到位于康涅狄格州新伦敦的美国海军潜艇基地的医学研究实验室。

The lab was a center for studying the effects of diving on the human body, and training submarine crews in escape techniques like the “Blow and Go.” Bond fell in love with what he called “The Diving Game.” Shortly after arriving in New London, he submitted a research proposal to the Navy, outlining his vision for man’s future below the surface.

该实验室是研究潜水对人体影响的中心，也是训练潜艇船员“一击即走”等逃生技术的中心。邦德爱上了他所谓的“跳水游戏”。抵达新伦敦后不久，他向海军提交了一份研究计划，概述了他对人类在水下的未来的愿景。

Bob Bornholdt, U.S. Navy Diver: He was dreaming about people living on the ocean floor and farming and building houses and civilizations and actually feeding the population of the world from you know those activities.

鲍勃·博恩霍尔特（Bob Bornholdt），美国海军潜水员：他梦想着人们生活在海底，耕种、建造房屋和文明，并通过这些活动实际上养活世界人口。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : It was more of a vision than a sort of scientific paper.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：这更像是一种愿景，而不是一种科学论文。

Bond was thinking of military, industrial, scientific possibilities, the whole world that might open up if only man could live in the ocean.

邦德正在考虑军事、工业、科学的可能性，如果人类能够生活在海洋中，整个世界就可能开放。

Narrator: The ocean itself, an expanse covering 70% of the earth’s surface, remained an alluring but forbidding realm that had fascinated humans for centuries.

旁白：海洋本身覆盖了地球表面 70% 的面积，几个世纪以来，它仍然是一个诱人但令人生畏的领域，让人类着迷。

“Breath-hold” divers had long sought pearls on a single lungful of air but could only stay below the surface for minutes at a time.

长期以来，“屏气”潜水员一直在用一口气寻找珍珠，但每次只能在水面下停留几分钟。

By the 1920s, treasure seekers, salvage operators, and Navy divers began to descend in so-called hardhats, breathing air pumped through hoses from the surface.

到了 20 年代，寻宝者、打捞人员和海军潜水员开始戴着所谓的安全帽下降，呼吸通过软管从水面泵入的空气。

The clumsy rigs allowed them to roam the sea floor, but their umbilical lines could easily become fouled on obstructions.

笨拙的钻井平台使它们能够在海底漫游，但它们的脐带很容易被障碍物弄脏。

Eventually, pressurized vessels extended man’s reach into the depths.

最终，加压容器将人类的触角延伸到了深处。

The first modern submarines were developed during the Civil War by World War I, they had emerged as a terrifying new weapon.

第一批现代潜艇是在内战期间研制的，到第一次世界大战为止，它们已成为一种可怕的新武器。

Then, in the 1930s the American naturalist and marine biologist, William Beebe [Bee-bee] lowered his pressurized iron bell, known as a “bathysphere,” almost half a mile below the waves, glimpsing for the first time, the strange life forms inhabiting the inky blackness.

然后，在 20 世纪 30 年代，美国博物学家和海洋生物学家威廉·毕比 (William Beebe) 将他的加压铁钟（被称为“浴球”）降到了海浪下方近半英里处，第一次看到了栖息在漆黑之中的奇怪生命形式。

Twenty-five years later a reinforced “bathyscaphe” called Trieste descended an astonishing 35,000 feet – almost seven miles -- to the deepest part of the ocean.

25 年后，一艘名为的里雅斯特 (Trieste) 的强化“深海潜水器”下潜 35,000 英尺（近 7 英里），到达海洋最深处。

By the time George Bond arrived in New London, nuclear-power had made it possible for submarines to remain submerged for weeks, cruising hundreds of feet down.

当乔治·邦德抵达新伦敦时，核动力已经使潜艇能够在水下停留数周，在数百英尺深的地方巡航。

In the 1940s, a new system known as scuba allowed divers to breathe compressed air from tanks worn on their backs, but the further down a diver went, the more dangerous the undersea world became.

20 世纪 40 年代，一种名为水肺潜水的新系统允许潜水员从背上的气瓶中呼吸压缩空气，但潜水员潜得越深，海底世界就越危险。

The pressure at sea level is known as one atmosphere.

海平面的压力称为一个大气压。

As a diver descends, atmospheric pressure doubles every thirty-three feet, compressing the air that he breathes.

当潜水员下降时，大气压力每三十三英尺增加一倍，压缩他呼吸的空气。

The further down the diver goes, the more the air molecules in his lungs -- comprised of 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen -- become concentrated.

潜水员潜得越深，肺部的空气分子（由 80% 的氮气和 20% 的氧气组成）就越浓缩。

Under this increasing pressure, the molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream and body tissues.

在这种不断增加的压力下，分子被吸收到血液和身体组织中。

But too much oxygen becomes toxic and causes convulsions, and too much nitrogen creates a woozy fog that can be deadly.

但过多的氧气会变得有毒并引起抽搐，过多的氮气会产生致命的雾气。

The compressed air also causes problems as the diver returns to the surface.

当潜水员返回水面时，压缩空气也会造成问题。

As pressure decreases, he must allow time for the expanding molecules to be slowly released from the blood and tissues.

随着压力降低，他必须留出时间让膨胀的分子从血液和组织中缓慢释放。

A process known as decompression.

这个过程称为减压。

Ascending too fast releases the gas as bubbles, causing the crippling and potentially deadly cramps called The Bends.

上升速度太快会以气泡的形式释放气体，导致严重甚至可能致命的痉挛，称为“弯曲”。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Once you’ve been diving at a certain depth for a while you’re kind of like a soda can, and you do not want to pop the can and have the bubbles burst out.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：一旦你在某个深度潜水了一段时间，你就有点像一个汽水罐，你不想打开罐子让气泡破裂。

Sylvia Earle, Explorer: You have to gradually return to surface pressure, gradually enough so that the gases don’t just boom, explode in your circulatory system.

西尔维娅·厄尔（Sylvia Earle），探险家：你必须逐渐恢复到表面压力，逐渐足够，这样气体就不会在你的循环系统中爆炸。

Narrator: George Bond was sure that despite the human body’s weaknesses and vulnerabilities, he could somehow adapt his divers to the pressure of the ocean depths.

旁白：乔治·邦德确信，尽管人体有弱点和脆弱性，但他可以以某种方式让他的潜水员适应海洋深处的压力。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : How deep can a diver go really and how long can a diver stay down?

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：潜水员到底能潜多深以及能在水下停留多长时间？

Bond was amazed that nobody knew the answers to those questions and now he’s sitting in charge of a medical research lab and thinks that maybe it’s about time we start to run some experiments.

邦德很惊讶没有人知道这些问题的答案，现在他负责一个医学研究实验室，并认为也许是时候我们开始进行一些实验了。

Narrator: In November of 1962, George Bond and his team cobbled together the parts to retrofit a chamber that simulated deep sea pressures.

旁白：1962 年 11 月，乔治·邦德和他的团队拼凑了各个部件，改造了一个模拟深海压力的舱室。

Bond found a trusted deputy in Walter Mazzone, an officer who ran the School of Submarine Medicine at the New London base.

邦德找到了一位值得信赖的副手沃尔特·马佐尼（Walter Mazzone），他是新伦敦基地潜艇医学院的负责人。

A gruff, fast-talking, veteran of harrowing submarine warfare during World War II, Mazzone went on to earn degrees in biology and pharmaceutical chemistry.

马佐内是一位粗暴、语速快的人，曾在二战期间经历过残酷的潜艇战，后来获得了生物学和药物化学学位。

Now, he and Bond set to work on the next phase of experiments they called “Genesis.”

现在，他和邦德开始进行下一阶段的实验，他们称之为“创世纪”。

Archival Audio: The tests were carried out at the Navy’s experimental diving unit in Washington, which is equipped to simulate the effects of underwater living.

档案音频：测试是在华盛顿海军实验潜水装置进行的，该装置配备了模拟水下生活效果的设备。

Captain George Bond and Commander Walter Mazzone recruited Raymond Lavoi, Saunders Manning and Robert Barth for medical tests.

乔治·邦德上尉和沃尔特·马佐尼中校招募了雷蒙德·拉沃伊、桑德斯·曼宁和罗伯特·巴特进行医学检查。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: George Bond was telling me, “If we do this and get away with it, we can go twice as deep as we’ve ever been or beyond.”

美国海军潜水员鲍勃·巴特 (Bob Barth)：乔治·邦德告诉我，“如果我们做到了这一点并且侥幸成功，我们可以潜入两倍或更深的深度。”

Narrator: Barth was a garrulous and profane Navy man, but also a skilled diver with a desire to push the limits of his field.

旁白：巴特是一位饶舌且亵渎的海军人员，但也是一位熟练的潜水员，渴望突破自己领域的极限。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: You go diving and the book tells you you’re going to go to 140 feet you can only stay there five, ten, fifteen minutes.

鲍勃·巴特 (Bob Barth)，美国海军潜水员：当你去潜水时，书上告诉你你要潜到 140 英尺，你只能在那里停留五分钟、十分钟、十五分钟。

Bond said, “never mind, let’s go to that depth and stay there” and that’s what Genesis was all about.

邦德说，“没关系，让我们进入那个深度并留在那里”，这就是《创世纪》的意义所在。

Narrator: Inside the Genesis capsule, Bond and Mazzone cranked up the pressure until it was four times what is was outside – the equivalent of 100 feet underwater.

旁白：在创世纪太空舱内，邦德和马佐尼将压力调高至外部压力的四倍，相当于水下 100 英尺。

They also tinkered with the gas mixture, trying to avoid the problem of too much oxygen or nitrogen.

他们还对气体混合物进行了修改，试图避免氧气或氮气过多的问题。

Archival Audio: The scientists created for this experiment a special atmosphere.

档案音频：科学家们为这次实验营造了特殊的氛围。

They were breathing a mixture of six parts oxygen, 14 parts nitrogen and 80 parts helium, a revolutionary kind of air.

他们呼吸的是 6 份氧气、14 份氮气和 80 份氦气的混合物，这是一种革命性的空气。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Now one thing that had been found out was that helium made an excellent replacement for nitrogen.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：现在发现的一件事是，氦气可以很好地替代氮气。

You could take out a lot of the nitrogen, put in helium and not get the narcotic effect.

你可以取出大量氮气，放入氦气，但不会产生麻醉效果。

Now as you might imagine there is a side effect.

正如您可能想象的那样，有一个副作用。

Archival Audio: Conversation with diver with helium voice.

档案音频：用氦气声音与潜水员对话。

Narrator: In addition to its effect on the human voice, helium was a devilish gas to contain.

旁白：除了对人的声音有影响之外，氦气还是一种难以容纳的邪恶气体。

It’s small atomic structure meant that it could escape from the tiniest cracks in the chamber, endlessly vexing Walt Mazzone, who spent days trying to plug the leaks.

它的原子结构很小，这意味着它可以从室内最微小的裂缝中逸出，这让沃尔特·马佐尼 (Walt Mazzone) 烦恼不已，他花了几天时间试图堵住漏洞。

Bond’s next challenge was to figure out whether divers that spent weeks under pressure would have to spend even more time decompressing.

邦德的下一个挑战是弄清楚在压力下度过数周的潜水员是否需要花费更多时间减压。

His theory was that once a diver’s body absorbed the maximum amount of gas possible – like a sponge that was saturated with water –he could stay in that state indefinitely, and his decompression time would remain the same.

他的理论是，一旦潜水员的身体吸收了尽可能多的气体——就像一块浸满水的海绵——他就可以无限期地保持这种状态，并且他的减压时间将保持不变。

All he would need was a habitat on the ocean floor, and if it was kept at the same pressure as the surrounding water, and the gas mixture was right, he could come and go as he pleased.

他所需要的只是海底的一个栖息地，如果它与周围的水保持相同的压力，并且气体混合物合适，他就可以随心所欲地来去。

Bond’s concept became known as saturation diving.

邦德的概念被称为饱和潜水。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: The theory was that you could actually live and work on the ocean floor in a saturated state -- after 24 hours you’ve totally absorbed all the inert gas you can possibly absorb in your system, so the decompression is going to be the same as it is at 24 hours or 24 days.

美国海军潜水员理查德·布莱克本（Richard Blackburn）：理论上，你实际上可以在饱和状态的海底生活和工作——24小时后，你已经完全吸收了系统中可能吸收的所有惰性气体，因此减压将与24小时或24天时的情况相同。

Narrator: On August 26th, 1963, in a final test, Bob Barth and his team entered the Genesis chamber and lived inside for almost two weeks at the same pressure found at 200 feet.

旁白：1963 年 8 月 26 日，在最后一次测试中，鲍勃·巴斯 (Bob Barth) 和他的团队进入了 Genesis 舱，并在 200 英尺高度的相同压力下在里面生活了近两周。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Bond made saturation diving a conceivable concept.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：邦德使饱和潜水成为一个可以想象的概念。

Now that’s sort of like the diving equivalent of breaking the sound barrier

这有点像潜水时突破音障的效果

Narrator: As the Genesis tests came to a close, Bond had answered every question but one – would his techniques actually work in the dangerous environment on the bottom of the sea.

旁白：随着创世纪测试接近尾声，邦德回答了所有问题，除了一个问题——他的技术在海底危险的环境中是否真的有效。

Narrator: In the spring of 1963, Americans were looking skyward with increasing uneasiness.

旁白：1963年春天，美国人仰望天空，心中的不安与日俱增。

The previous fall the nation had teetered on the brink of nuclear annihilation during the Cuban Missile Crisis, and Cold War tensions could not have been higher.

去年秋天，古巴导弹危机期间，该国一度濒临核毁灭的边缘，冷战时期的紧张局势达到了前所未有的程度。

Audio, Kennedy: Should these offensive military preparations continue, further action will be justified.

音频，肯尼迪：如果这些进攻性军事准备继续下去，采取进一步行动将是合理的。

Narrator: And while the latest missile test garnered the biggest headlines, in reality, much of the conflict with the Soviet Union was unfolding in the dark and silent depths of the ocean.

旁白：虽然最新的导弹试验成为了头条新闻，但实际上，与苏联的大部分冲突都是在黑暗而寂静的海洋深处展开的。

Ever since the end of World War II, the Navy had been embarked on a crash program to match the Soviets’ capability in nuclear-powered submarines armed with ballistic missiles.

自第二次世界大战结束以来，海军就开始实施一项紧急计划，以匹配苏联在配备弹道导弹的核动力潜艇方面的能力。

Then, on April 10th, 1963, one of America’s newest atomic submarines, the U.S.S.

然后，1963 年 4 月 10 日，美国最新的原子潜艇之一——美国号 (U.S.S.

Thresher, developed mechanical problems and sank in over 8,000 feet of water, its hull crushed by the immense pressure.

Thresher 出现机械问题并沉入 8,000 英尺深的水中，其船体被巨大的压力压碎。

Narrator: The accident sent shock waves through the Navy.

旁白：这起事故震惊了海军。

It announced a sweeping “Subsafe” program, and new research on rescue vehicles for sunken submarines.

它宣布了一项全面的“Subsafe”计划，以及对沉没潜艇救援车辆的新研究。

Suddenly, George Bond’s pioneering work with deep sea divers had become a higher priority for the Navy – even though his budget remained meager.

突然之间，乔治·邦德与深海潜水员的开创性工作成为海军的首要任务——尽管他的预算仍然微薄。

With approval to begin underwater testing in hand, Bond and Walt Mazzone scavenged navy junk yards.

在获得开始水下测试的批准后，邦德和沃尔特·马佐尼开始清理海军垃圾场。

In the fall of 1963, at a base in Panama City, Florida, they came across two discarded minesweeping floats –sixty-foot-long hollow cylinders tall enough for a person to stand upright.

1963 年秋天，在佛罗里达州巴拿马城的一个基地，他们发现了两个废弃的扫雷浮车——六十英尺长的空心圆柱体，高度足以让人直立。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : With a small budget they’re able to weld together and construct a sort of cigar-shaped house.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：只需少量预算，他们就能将其焊接在一起并建造出一种雪茄形状的房子。

Which they call “Sealab I.”

他们称之为“Sealab I”。

Narrator: Bond and his crew outfitted their strange-looking contraption with a makeshift array of equipment: a hot-plate, electric heaters and the intercom system came from Sears because they were cheaper than the Navy stockpiles.

旁白：邦德和他的船员们为他们的奇特装置配备了一系列临时设备：电炉、电加热器和对讲系统都来自西尔斯，因为它们比海军库存便宜。

The best conduit for fresh water turned out to be an ordinary garden hose.

事实证明，最好的淡水管道是普通的花园软管。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Despite the low budget there’s a lot riding on this first test at sea because if they run into any real big problems, Dr. Bond might not be allowed to go any further with this concept.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：尽管预算很低，但第一次海上测试需要承担很多责任，因为如果他们遇到任何真正的大问题，邦德博士可能不会被允许进一步推进这个概念。

So it’s very important that they’re able to replicate at sea, the concept that they developed in the lab.

因此，他们能够在海上复制他们在实验室开发的概念非常重要。

Narrator: After seven months of scrounging, welding, and makeshift engineering, Sealab was mounted on its Navy support ship, a bulky freight barge, and taken to a coral reef next to an old Navy research platform, 25 miles southwest of Bermuda.

旁白：经过七个月的搜寻、焊接和临时工程，Sealab 被安装在海军支援船（一艘庞大的货运驳船）上，并被带到百慕大西南 25 英里处旧海军研究平台旁边的珊瑚礁。

The barge would provide a base for the diving team, and supply the gas mixtures that would be pumped down to Sealab.

驳船将为潜水队提供基地，并提供泵送到 Sealab 的气体混合物。

Narrator: Presiding over this complex enterprise was George Bond – known affectionately as “Papa Topside.”

旁白：主持这个复杂事业的是乔治·邦德，他被亲切地称为“顶层爸爸”。

The divers would be shuttled back and forth to the sunken habitat using a pressurized “Submersible Decompression Chamber,” also known as a diving bell.

潜水员将使用加压的“潜水减压室”（也称为潜水钟）来回穿梭于沉没的栖息地。

Once the mission was over, the bell was raised onto the barge and it served as a cramped chamber where the Aquanauts had to endure 55 hours of decompression.

任务结束后，驳船上的钟被升起，驳船上成为一个狭窄的房间，Aquanauts 必须在那里忍受 55 小时的减压。

In spite of the do-it-yourself nature of the Sealab project, one man who was no stranger to risk asked to be part of the team.

尽管 Sealab 项目具有自己动手的性质，但一位对风险并不陌生的人还是要求加入该团队。

After his pioneering time in outer space, Malcolm Scott Carpenter, was looking for a new challenge and he had sought out George Bond.

在完成外太空探索之后，马尔科姆·斯科特·卡彭特正在寻找新的挑战，他找到了乔治·邦德。

Sylvia Earle, Explorer: Scott Carpenter -- he’s the real deal.

西尔维娅·厄尔（Sylvia Earle），探险家：斯科特·卡彭特（Scott Carpenter）——他是货真价实的人。

His interest is in exploration, in wanting to know and to understand, whatever it takes.

他的兴趣在于探索，在于想要了解和理解，不惜一切代价。

Narrator: Bond chose four others to live in Sealab I, and his loyal test subject, Bob Barth, was one of them.

旁白：邦德选择了另外四个人住在Sealab I，他忠实的测试对象鲍勃·巴斯就是其中之一。

The goal was to see if the team could live under pressure for 21 days, breathing the same helium and oxygen mixture used in Genesis, this time at a depth of almost 200 feet.

目标是看看团队能否在压力下生存 21 天，呼吸与《创世纪》中使用的相同的氦气和氧气混合物，这次是在近 200 英尺的深度。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: In a way it could be said we were guinea pigs, but you’re a trained individual, you have practice doing what you’re doing and you know what’s expected of you.

鲍勃·巴特（Bob Barth），美国海军潜水员：在某种程度上可以说我们是小白鼠，但你是一个训练有素的人，你已经练习过你正在做的事情，你知道对你的期望是什么。

Narrator: Carpenter was scheduled to lead the first team of what were called “Aquanauts,” but he was sidelined when he broke his arm in a motorbike accident just a few days before the program got underway.

旁白：卡彭特原本计划领导“Aquanauts”的第一支队伍，但就在项目开始前几天，他在一场摩托车事故中摔断了手臂，因此缺席了比赛。

On July 19th, 1964, Sealab was lowered onto the floor of the ocean and the aquanauts rode down in the diving bell.

1964 年 7 月 19 日，Sealab 被沉入海底，潜水员们乘坐潜水钟下降。

Bond and Mazzone waited anxiously as the men took a lungful of air and swam over to the lab.

邦德和马佐尼焦急地等待着，他们深吸一口气，游向实验室。

The sound of squeaky voices on the intercom signaled that they had arrived.

对讲机里传来吱吱的声音，表明他们已经到了。

Archival: 192 feet down on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean the United States Navy conducts an experiment to test man’s ability to live and work underwater.

档案：美国海军在大西洋海底 192 英尺深处进行了一项实验，以测试人类在水下生活和工作的能力。

A 40 ft pressurized helium and oxygen filled under sea laboratory is home for 4 Navy divers.

40 英尺深的加压氦气和氧气海底实验室是 4 名海军潜水员的家。

Activity in the sea lab is monitored by closed circuit television linked to the surface.

海洋实验室的活动由与水面相连的闭路电视监控。

The pressure inside kept the surrounding water at bay, allowing the divers to enter and exit the lab through an open hatch in the floor.

内部的压力阻止了周围的水，使潜水员可以通过地板上的开放舱口进出实验室。

Once they left behind the steamy confines of Sealab, the Aquanauts discovered a marine paradise.

一旦他们离开了海洋实验室的潮湿环境，Aquanauts 就发现了一个海洋天堂。

“It was like living inside a giant aquarium,” Bob Barth remembered.

“这就像生活在一个巨大的水族馆里，”鲍勃·巴斯回忆道。

The aquanauts spent much of their time in the water, testing out new rebreathing systems, that recycled gases like helium and filtered out the dangerous carbon dioxide exhaled with every breath.

潜水员大部分时间都在水中度过，测试新的再呼吸系统，该系统可以回收氦气等气体，并过滤掉每次呼吸时呼出的危险二氧化碳。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Mostly they were dealing with systems and methods.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：他们主要处理系统和方法。

Can we keep the gas mixture healthy?

我们可以保持气体混合物健康吗？

// Is the gear they are using in the water // suitable for this kind of a dive?

// 他们在水中使用的装备 // 适合这种潜水吗？

All these variables are in the mix and the real trick is to have this go well enough that the navy might let them try it again.

所有这些变量都混合在一起，真正的技巧是让这一切顺利进行，以便海军可以让他们再次尝试。

Narrator: After ten days, a hurricane bearing down on Bermuda forced Bond to cut short the mission.

旁白：十天后，一场飓风袭击了百慕大，迫使邦德缩短了任务。

With 15 foot waves roiling the surface, the aquanauts survived a dangerous transfer to the support ship and after more than two days of decompression, they emerged safe and sound.

15英尺高的海浪翻腾着水面，潜水员们从危险的转移到支援船上的过程中幸存下来，经过两天多的减压，他们安然无恙地浮出水面。

After years of effort, George Bond’s vision of man living under the sea at last seemed within reach.

经过多年的努力，乔治·邦德关于人类生活在海底的愿景似乎终于触手可及。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : SEALAB I is perceived as a success which is great but for Bond it also leaves open a lot of questions.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：SEALAB I 被认为是一次成功，这是伟大的，但对于 Bond 来说，它也留下了很多悬而未决的问题。

These guys were in Bermuda, the water was warm.

这些人在百慕大，水是温暖的。

The visibility was good.

能见度很好。

That’s not the way it is in most of the ocean.

大多数海洋的情况并非如此。

And the big question is what if we want to go deeper?

最大的问题是如果我们想更深入怎么办？

Narrator: The next step was to leave behind the balmy waters of Bermuda and test the Sealab program in a far more inhospitable domain – one that would push the Aquanauts to the very edge of human endurance.

旁白：下一步是离开百慕大温暖的水域，在一个更加荒凉的地区测试 Sealab 计划，这将把 Aquanauts 推向人类耐力的最边缘。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : It's pretty amazing that our own ocean with its maximum depth of about seven miles has been largely unseen, largely unexplored.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：令人惊奇的是，我们的海洋最大深度约为 7 英里，但在很大程度上却未被发现，也未被探索过。

Actually 95% of the ocean territory remains unknown.

事实上，95%的海洋领土仍然未知。

Sylvia Earle, Explorer: In the middle of the 20th Century, the perception of the ocean was generally that so big, so vast, so resilient that there’s not much that humans could do to harm the ocean.

西尔维娅·厄尔（Sylvia Earle），探险家：在 20 世纪中叶，人们普遍认为海洋是如此之大、如此浩瀚、如此有弹性，以至于人类无能为力来伤害海洋。

It was basically thought to be too big to fail.

人们基本上认为它太大而不能倒。

But the ocean is where most of life on earth actually lives.

但海洋是地球上大多数生命实际居住的地方。

The ocean drives climate, weather, regulates temperature.

海洋驱动气候、天气，调节温度。

It is our life support system.

它是我们的生命支持系统。

//Sealab was a critical part of understanding this part of the universe.

//Sealab 是理解宇宙这一部分的关键部分。

Narrator: Following the success of Sealab I, the Navy gave George Bond’s team almost $2 million dollars – ten times more than they had invested in his first habitat.

旁白：随着 Sealab I 的成功，海军向乔治·邦德的团队提供了近 200 万美元——比他们在他的第一个栖息地投资的十倍多。

Sealab II was designed and built by the Navy’s submarine architects, and Bond recruited three teams of aquanauts, 28 divers in all, including Scott Carpenter, Bob Barth, and scientists from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

Sealab II 由海军潜艇建筑师设计和建造，邦德招募了三组潜水员，总共 28 名潜水员，其中包括斯科特·卡彭特、鲍勃·巴特和斯克里普斯海洋学研究所的科学家。

Each team would take turns on the bottom for 15 days straight, at more than 200 feet.

每个团队将轮流在 200 英尺以上的底部连续 15 天。

Archival, Scott Carpenter: I think in the immediate future, exploration first of the ocean, will bring us far greater rewards than the exploration of space, because, if for no other reason, of the distances involved.

档案，斯科特·卡彭特：我认为在不久的将来，首先探索海洋将为我们带来比探索太空更大的回报，因为，如果没有其他原因，所涉及的距离。

The richest part of the sea floor is roughly a million times closer than the moon.

海底最丰富的部分大约比月球近一百万倍。

Narrator: When Bob Barth stepped out of the diving bell in August of 1965, the warm, crystalline waters of Bermuda were a distant memory.

旁白：1965 年 8 月，当鲍勃·巴特 (Bob Barth) 走出潜水钟时，百慕大温暖、晶莹的海水已成为遥远的记忆。

He was floating in almost total blackness, just above the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of San Diego.

他漂浮在几乎完全黑暗的环境中，就在圣地亚哥海岸附近的太平洋海底之上。

The water was a bone-chilling 45 degrees, sapping his energy and urging him towards the lights of Sealab II, lying at a slight angle on the rim of the Scripps Submarine Canyon.

水温达到刺骨的 45 度，消耗着他的能量，并促使他走向位于斯克里普斯潜艇峡谷边缘的 Sealab II 的灯光。

Over the edge the depth plunged to six hundred feet.

越过边缘，深度骤降到六百英尺。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: Dark and dingy and cold.

鲍勃·巴特（Bob Barth），美国海军潜水员：黑暗、肮脏、寒冷。

Bond wanted to get a little deeper and live a little rougher.

邦德想要更深入一点，生活更艰苦一点。

Bob Bornholdt, U.S. Navy Diver: On a good day you could probably see about five or six feet.

鲍勃·博恩霍尔特（Bob Bornholdt），美国海军潜水员：天气好的时候，你可能能看到大约五到六英尺。

On a bad day you couldn’t see your hand in front of your face.

在糟糕的一天，你看不到自己的手在脸前。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: If you’ve got any bit of claustrophobia at all you’re not going to make it and the cold aggravates the situation even worse because then you start losing mobility, you start losing thinking ability.

理查德·布莱克本（Richard Blackburn），美国海军潜水员：如果你有任何一点幽闭恐惧症，你就无法生存，寒冷会使情况变得更糟，因为然后你开始失去行动能力，你开始失去思考能力。

The combination of cold and dark is pretty traumatic.

寒冷和黑暗的结合是相当痛苦的。

Narrator: Part of the mission was to test whether the saturated divers could swim away from their base and go as much as three hundred feet further down into the canyon and before returning.

旁白：任务的一部分是测试饱和的潜水员是否可以游离基地并深入峡谷三百英尺并返回。

The men were ordered to set up weather stations, test new electrically heated wetsuits, and attempt to salvage the sunken fuselage of a fighter jet.

这些人奉命建立气象站，测试新型电热潜水服，并试图打捞一架沉没的战斗机机身。

With no voice communication it was easy to get lost in the limited visibility of the sea floor.

由于没有语音通信，在海底能见度有限的情况下很容易迷路。

Working in these conditions was exhausting and dangerous.

在这些条件下工作既劳累又危险。

The cold sapped the divers strength, lines became tangled, lights burned out and took hours to replace.

寒冷削弱了潜水员的体力，绳子变得缠结，灯也烧坏了，需要几个小时才能更换。

Any malfunction that created accidental buoyancy and suddenly sent them upward meant almost certain death from “The Bends.” Scorpion fish, whose sharp spines could penetrate a wet suit and cause excruciating pain, lurked around the entrance to the Lab.

任何意外产生的浮力并突然将他们向上推的故障都意味着几乎肯定会死于“弯曲”。蝎子鱼潜伏在实验室入口处，其锋利的刺可以刺穿潜水服并造成剧痛。

Half-way through his deployment Scott Carpenter was stung and laid out for days.

斯科特·卡彭特（Scott Carpenter）在部署过程中被蜇伤并躺倒了好几天。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : There are no computers, there are no warning systems.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：没有计算机，没有警告系统。

There is really only the diver’s sort of sixth sense that something is not right with this gas mixture or maybe he’s been out a little too long and he better get back to the habitat right away, because that is the only safe place people can go.

实际上，只有潜水员的第六感认为这种气体混合物有些不对劲，或者他可能已经出去太久了，他最好立即返回栖息地，因为那是人们可以去的唯一安全的地方。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: You’re now locked into that hatch, on the seafloor and you have to get back there if you run out of air or if you have a problem, you’re no longer a scuba diver who’s free to go back to the surface.

理查德·布莱克本（Richard Blackburn），美国海军潜水员：你现在被锁在海底的那个舱口里，如果你的空气耗尽或者遇到问题，你就必须回到那里，你不再是一个可以自由返回水面的水肺潜水员。

Archival: Sealab 2, Sealab 2, this is Papa Topside.

档案：Sealab 2，Sealab 2，这是 Papa Topside。

Narrator: Despite the hazards, as time went on, living on the bottom of the ocean began to feel almost routine.

旁白：尽管存在危险，但随着时间的推移，生活在海底开始变得几乎司空见惯。

Archival: Scott Carpenter plays his ukulele and sings in chipmunk falsetto.

档案：斯科特·卡彭特（Scott Carpenter）演奏他的尤克里里琴并用花栗鼠假声唱歌。

Narrator: [Over headlines] The longer the Sealab II Aquanauts stayed submerged, the more media attention they seemed to generate.

旁白：[头条新闻]Sealab II Aquanauts 在水下停留的时间越长，它们引起的媒体关注似乎就越多。

Never one to miss a good chance for publicity, George Bond arranged for Scott Carpenter to receive a call from President Lyndon Johnson.

乔治·邦德从不错过任何宣传的好机会，他安排斯科特·卡彭特接听林登·约翰逊总统的电话。

Archival: [Audio recording of LBJ conversation with Scott Carpenter] JOHNSON: Scott, I’m mighty proud to hear from you.

档案：[林登·约翰逊与斯科特·卡彭特对话的录音] 约翰逊：斯科特，听到你的来信，我感到非常自豪。

You’ve convinced me and all of the nation that whether you are going up or down you have the courage and the skill to do a fine job.

你们让我和全国人民相信，无论你们是上升还是下降，你们都有勇气和技能把工作做好。

Carpenter: Well thank you very much.

卡彭特：嗯，非常感谢。

It is a great crew around here, and we are all very honored and pleased that you saw fit to call us.

这里有一群很棒的工作人员，我们都非常荣幸和高兴您认为适合给我们打电话。

Narrator: When Sealab II was raised to the surface on October 11th, 1965, it had been manned continuously for 45 days, including Scott Carpenter’s record stay of 30 days below.

旁白：1965 年 10 月 11 日，当 Sealab II 升上水面时，它已经连续有人值班了 45 天，其中包括斯科特·卡彭特 (Scott Carpenter) 在水下停留 30 天的记录。

Archival: The crew of Sealab II’s mother ship man the decompression chamber.

档案：Sealab II 母舰的船员在减压室工作。

After aquanaut Scott Carpenter and his men return to the surface.

潜水员斯科特·卡彭特和他的队员返回水面后。

Everybody appears hail and hearty after their life 200 feet below the surface .

在地表以下 200 英尺的生活结束后，每个人都显得冰雹而兴高采烈。

.

。

.

。

At a later press conference all of the aquanauts are elated over their accomplishments.

在随后的新闻发布会上，所有潜水员都对自己的成就感到高兴。

The Navy feels that men have proven that man can readily adapt himself to the strange environment of the sea with little or no ill effects.

海军认为，人类已经证明，人类可以轻松地适应海洋的陌生环境，而几乎不会产生不良影响。

Carpenter, the 2nd American to orbit the Earth, points out his living quarters to his wife.

卡彭特是第二个环绕地球运行的美国人，他向妻子指出了他的住处。

Now he’s the only man to hold records in the sky above and in the sea below.

现在，他是唯一一个在天空和海底保持记录的人。

Narrator: While George Bond and his team continued their innovative experiments, another pioneer was determined to introduce a mass audience to the mysteries of the undersea world.

旁白：当乔治·邦德和他的团队继续他们的创新实验时，另一位先驱决心向广大观众介绍海底世界的奥秘。

The French explorer and adventurer Jacques Cousteau produced two Academy Award-winning films that revealed an unknown universe under the waves.

法国探险家和冒险家雅克·库斯托制作了两部荣获奥斯卡奖的电影，揭示了海浪下的未知宇宙。

The documentaries featured a series of structures that served as both ocean habitats, and set pieces for his cinematic endeavors.

这些纪录片展示了一系列既是海洋栖息地的建筑，也是他的电影事业的布景。

In contrast to Bond’s rigorously scientific Navy program, most of Cousteau’s pods were close enough to the surface that the aquanauts were breathing regular air.

与邦德严格科学的海军计划相反，库斯托的大部分吊舱距离水面足够近，以便潜水员呼吸普通空气。

Ever sensitive to their appearance, Cousteau had installed a tanning booth.

库斯托对自己的外表很敏感，因此安装了一个晒黑亭。

Mozart and Vivaldi played on the sound system.

音响系统上演奏了莫扎特和维瓦尔第。

Sylvia Earle, Explorer: You could sit around a table, drinking fine French wine while you were dining underwater.

西尔维娅·厄尔（Sylvia Earle），探险家：你可以围坐在桌子旁，一边在水下用餐，一边喝上等的法国葡萄酒。

Cousteau became the public face and inspired the public to understand that going up in the sky is wonderful, going into the ocean is maybe equally wonderful, and important too.

库斯托成为了公众形象，并激励公众认识到在天空中飞翔是美妙的，进入海洋也许同样美妙，而且也很重要。

Narrator: As elegant and eye-catching as Cousteau’s first ventures may have been, in George Bond’s opinion, the experiments didn’t generate “one iota of useful physiological information.” But just a month after Sealab II, using some of George Bond’s pioneering saturation techniques, Cousteau managed to put six divers onto the floor of the Mediterranean, almost 330 feet below the surface.

旁白：在乔治·邦德看来，尽管库斯托的第一次尝试优雅而引人注目，但这些实验并没有产生“一丁点有用的生理信息”。但就在 Sealab II 一个月后，库斯托利用乔治·邦德的一些开创性饱和技术，成功地将六名潜水员带到了地中海海底，距离水面以下近 330 英尺。

If Bond and his team were going to push the boundaries of knowledge in Sealab III, they would have to take their habitat deeper than any had gone before.

如果邦德和他的团队想要突破 Sealab III 的知识界限，他们就必须比以前更深入地探索栖息地。

Narrator: On Christmas Eve, 1968, the crew of Apollo 8 became the first men to orbit the moon, beaming back a picture of an “earthrise” – that showed a small blue sphere floating in the empty blackness of space.

旁白：1968 年圣诞节前夕，阿波罗 8 号的宇航员成为第一批绕月飞行的人，传回了一张“地出”的照片——照片上有一个蓝色的小球体漂浮在漆黑的太空中。

It was clear that America had pulled ahead in the space race, as Cold War tensions remained high.

很明显，由于冷战紧张局势仍然高度紧张，美国在太空竞赛中处于领先地位。

The game of nuclear brinksmanship continued under the waves, and the U.S. Navy kept searching for new ways to gain an advantage against a stealthy and dangerous foe.

核边缘政策的游戏在水下继续进行，美国海军不断寻找新的方法来在对抗隐秘而危险的敌人时获得优势。

Deep sea divers were beginning to figure in the spymaster’s plan, especially if they could operate at radically increased depths, for extended periods of time.

深海潜水员开始出现在间谍头子的计划中，特别是如果他们能够在大幅增加的深度上长时间作业的话。

All eyes were on the next phase of Sealab’s pioneering tests.

所有的目光都集中在 Sealab 下一阶段的开创性测试上。

Archival: Here at the San Francisco Bay Naval Shipyard, workers prepare Sealab III, a special habitat for ocean floor dwelling, to be used by the aquanauts of the Navy’s most ambitious undersea experiment to date.

档案：在旧金山湾海军造船厂，工人们正在准备 Sealab III，这是一个用于海底居住的特殊栖息地，供海军迄今为止最雄心勃勃的海底实验的潜水员使用。

Narrator: Sealab III was a roomier, remodeled version of its predecessor, in which five teams of nine aquanauts each were expected to spend a total of almost two months under the surface.

旁白：Sealab III 是其前身的一个更宽敞的改造版本，其中五组由九名潜水员组成，预计将在水面下总共度过近两个月的时间。

But as it was being readied, Bond and the others received word from the Navy that their habitat would be sent down to a daunting 600 feet.

但当它准备就绪时，邦德和其他人收到了海军的消息，他们的栖息地将被降低到令人畏惧的 600 英尺。

The change in depth was never explained, but clearly Sealab was becoming an increasingly important part of the secretive cold war competition for control of the oceans.

深度的变化从未被解释过，但显然 Sealab 正在成为秘密冷战海洋控制权竞争中越来越重要的一部分。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : 600 feet suddenly became the goal which is a kind of quantum leap.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：600 英尺突然成为目标，这是一种巨大的飞跃。

// It’s like now you’re going to try to go to the moon instead of just orbit the earth and it seems to some people like maybe they were skipping some steps here.

// 就像现在你要尝试去月球而不仅仅是绕地球运行一样，对某些人来说，他们似乎在这里跳过了一些步骤。

Narrator: On February 15th 1969, three-hundred ton Sealab III was lowered to the sea floor off the coast of San Clemente, California.

旁白：1969 年 2 月 15 日，300 吨的 Sealab III 被沉入加利福尼亚州圣克莱门特海岸附近的海底。

The teams of aquanauts were standing by, with Scott Carpenter acting as an advisor to George Bond, Walt Mazzone, and a group of mission commanders.

潜水员团队随时待命，斯科特·卡彭特担任乔治·邦德、沃尔特·马佐尼和一组任务指挥官的顾问。

Almost immediately, George Bond and his team knew they had a serious problem.

乔治·邦德和他的团队几乎立刻就知道他们遇到了严重的问题。

Once again, it revolved around the helium gas -- it was bubbling out of multiple gaps in Sealab III.

它再次围绕着氦气旋转——它从 Sealab III 的多个间隙中冒出。

The Navy bureaucracy that had overseen the habitat’s construction had never pressure-tested the lab with helium.

负责监督栖息地建设的海军官僚机构从未用氦气对实验室进行过压力测试。

If divers couldn’t fix the leaks, their supply of the precious gas would run out, and Sealab III would have to be abandoned.

如果潜水员无法修复泄漏，他们的宝贵气体供应就会耗尽，Sealab III 将不得不被放弃。

The naval officers in charge huddled with Bond and weighed their options.

负责的海军军官与邦德挤在一起，权衡他们的选择。

They decided to send down the first team of aquanauts to try and enter Sealab III and fix the leaks from the inside.

他们决定派出第一批潜水员尝试进入 Sealab III 并从内部修复泄漏。

Archival: Okay, I’d like to get all members of team 1 over here.

档案：好的，我想让 1 队的所有成员都到这里来。

Narrator: Almost 24 hours after Sealab III was submerged, Bob Barth, Richard Blackburn, Berry Cannon and John Reaves were pressurized to 600 feet, and began their descent in the diving bell.

旁白：Sealab III 被淹没近 24 小时后，Bob Barth、Richard Blackburn、Berry Cannon 和 John Reaves 被加压至 600 英尺，并开始在潜水钟中下降。

But it acted more like a refrigerator than an elevator.

但它的作用更像是一台冰箱而不是电梯。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: The bell had absolutely no heat in it whatsoever.

理查德·布莱克本，美国海军潜水员：钟里绝对没有任何热量。

So it was cold air blowing on you with an arctic wind chill.

所以吹向你的是带有北极寒风的冷空气。

Narrator: The electric heater was broken.

旁白：电暖气坏了。

The neoprene wet suits provided little protection, and the helium – in the atmosphere, and inside their lungs and tissues – sapped the heat from their bodies.

氯丁橡胶潜水衣几乎无法提供保护，而大气中、肺部和组织内的氦气会消耗他们体内的热量。

It took more than an hour to reach the bottom.

花了一个多小时才到达底部。

When they arrived at 600 feet, the men were colder than they had ever been in their lives.

当他们到达 600 英尺的高度时，他们感到比他们一生中任何时候都冷。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: Colder than hell.

鲍勃·巴斯，美国海军潜水员：比地狱还冷。

You’re breathing helium and your body is permeated with helium.

您呼吸的是氦气，您的身体充满了氦气。

It’s a lot colder a lot faster and a lot colder, period.

天气冷得多，速度快得多，而且冷得多，就这样。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: I mean our teeth were chattering.

理查德·布莱克本，美国海军潜水员：我的意思是我们的牙齿在打战。

But we thought we’d be able to get into the...the habitat and, and we expected it to be warm and we’d be able to recuperate.

但我们认为我们能够进入……栖息地，并且我们预计它会很温暖，我们能够康复。

Narrator: Barth and Cannon swam to the bubbling Sealab.

旁白：巴斯和坎农游向冒着气泡的Sealab。

Barth tried to open the lab's heavy entry hatch, but it wouldn't budge.

巴斯试图打开实验室沉重的入口舱门，但它纹丝不动。

After fifteen-minutes of fruitless labor, they were ordered topside and had to endure another freezing ascent in the bell.

经过十五分钟的徒劳劳动后，他们被命令上到上部，不得不在钟内再次忍受寒冷的上升。

While still-pressurized and confined to their chamber on board the support ship, the aquanauts did their best to warm up.

虽然仍然处于加压状态并被限制在支援船上的舱室内，但潜水员们尽最大努力热身。

George Bond tried to determine how long their bodies needed to recover before they could go back down.

乔治·邦德试图确定他们的身体需要多长时间才能恢复正常。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: They were worried about us being cold.

鲍勃·巴特（Bob Barth），美国海军潜水员：他们担心我们冷。

I said, we’ll be all right, we’ll be alright.

我说，我们都会好起来的，我们都会好起来的。

I told them we needed to get back down there.

我告诉他们我们需要回到那里。

I made the choice to get back down and get done with what we were trying to or we would lose the habitat.

我决定回去完成我们正在尝试的事情，否则我们就会失去栖息地。

Narrator: Bond and the officers in charge of the program decided to send Barth and his team down four hours later.

旁白：邦德和负责该项目的官员决定在四小时后派巴特和他的团队下去。

Scott Carpenter argued for more recovery time, but was overruled.

斯科特·卡彭特主张延长恢复时间，但被否决。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: The minute we closed the hatch // the temperature did the same thing.

理查德·布莱克本，美国海军潜水员：我们关闭舱门的那一刻//温度也发生了同样的事情。

We’d all been through this for like 24 hours so it was much worse.

我们已经经历了大约 24 小时，所以情况更糟。

But we were so numb by that time that we didn’t know it was much worse.

但当时我们已经麻木了，不知道情况更糟。

Narrator: The bell reached the bottom around 4 a.m.

旁白：凌晨 4 点左右，钟声到达了谷底。

on February 17th.

2月17日。

Barth and Cannon dropped through the open hatch, slipping once again into the icy darkness.

巴特和坎农从打开的舱门掉下来，再次滑入冰冷的黑暗中。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : They’ve got about 30 yards to swim down, to get from the pod to the entrance to the habitat.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：它们需要向下游大约 30 码，才能从吊舱到达栖息地的入口。

The leaking appears to have been coming from where the power cables hooked into the lab.

泄漏似乎来自电源线连接到实验室的地方。

Berry Cannon veers off a little bit to have a little look at what the problem might be before he went inside the lab to try to solve it.

贝里·坎农 (Berry Cannon) 稍微转向了一下，想看看问题可能是什么，然后才走进实验室尝试解决问题。

Narrator: Barth struggled once again with the hatch but it was no use.

旁白：巴斯再次挣扎着打开舱口，但没有用。

Then, he suddenly turned around and realized his partner, Berry Cannon, was in trouble.

然后，他突然回头，发现自己的搭档贝瑞炮遇到了麻烦。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: John Reaves and I heard this scream in the water.

理查德·布莱克本，美国海军潜水员：约翰·里夫斯和我在水中听到了尖叫声。

And we looked at each other and said, what the heck was that?

我们面面相觑，问道，那到底是什么？

Narrator: Cannon was convulsing, his jaws clamped shut, his gas regulator floating free.

旁白：坎农全身抽搐，下巴紧闭，气体调节器自由浮动。

Barth grabbed what was called a buddy breather – an emergency supply of gas from Cannon’s tanks -- and tried repeatedly to force it into his mouth.

巴斯抓起所谓的伙伴呼吸器——从加农炮的油箱中紧急供应气体——并多次试图将其塞进嘴里。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : He can’t get the regulator back in Berry Cannon’s mouth.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：他无法将调节器放回 Berry Cannon 的嘴里。

And Barth is feeling like he himself might just pass out.

巴特感觉自己可能会昏过去。

His next best move is to get himself back to the bell where he might get help or at least save himself.

他的下一个最佳举动是让自己回到钟声处，在那里他可以获得帮助或至少拯救自己。

Bob Barth, U.S. Navy Diver: I tried to get him in the bell and bring him back to the surface.

鲍勃·巴特（Bob Barth），美国海军潜水员：我试图把他带进钟里并带回水面。

But by that time, I was kind of beat...beat up.

但到那时，我有点被打败了……被打败了。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: People topside had seen what was going on through their closed circuit TV and said, get a diver in the water.

理查德·布莱克本（Richard Blackburn），美国海军潜水员：水面上的人们通过闭路电视看到了发生的事情，并说，让一名潜水员下水。

When I got there Berry’s mouthpiece was floating up here.

当我到达那里时，贝里的吹嘴漂浮在这里。

And Bob had already tried to use his buddy breather, so I took the mouthpiece and shoved it in his…tried to shove it in his mouth.

鲍勃已经尝试过使用他的伙伴呼吸器，所以我拿起吹嘴并将其塞进他的……试图塞进他的嘴里。

His teeth were locked solid.

他的牙齿咬得很紧。

It wouldn’t go into his mouth at all.

根本就进不了他嘴里。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Blackburn manages to sort of wrangle Berry Cannon under one arm and kicking and swimming furiously.

本·赫尔沃斯 (Ben Hellwarth)，Sealab 作者：布莱克本设法用一只胳膊夹住贝瑞·加农 (Berry Cannon)，并疯狂地踢腿和游动。

He makes it back up to the bell.

他又回到了铃声响起的地方。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: We kept up trying to revive him.

理查德·布莱克本，美国海军潜水员：我们一直在努力抢救他。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : Bond and Mazzone and the topside crew are hearing, faster, faster, like get us up.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：Bond 和 Mazzone 以及上部船员正在听到，越来越快，越来越快，就像让我们起来一样。

Narrator: As the exhausted aquanauts were brought back to the surface, George Bond heard the message he was dreading.

旁白：当疲惫不堪的潜水员被带回水面时，乔治·邦德听到了他所害怕的消息。

“Berry Cannon is dead.”

“莓果大炮死了。”

Archival: [Show anchor] A civilian US aquanaut taking part in the nation’s most ambitious underwater living experiment to date, died today in water 600 feet deep off the southern California coast.

档案：[主播] 一名参加美国迄今为止最雄心勃勃的水下生活实验的美国平民潜水员今天在南加州海岸 600 英尺深的水中死亡。

Archival: The Victim was one of four divers trying to find a leak in the underwater capsule when he was stricken.

档案：受害者是被击中时试图寻找水下胶囊泄漏处的四名潜水员之一。

Bob Bornholdt, U.S. Navy Diver: Devastated.

美国海军潜水员鲍勃·博恩霍尔特（Bob Bornholdt）：悲痛欲绝。

I mean when...when people found out that Berry had...had died, hardly a dry eye.

我的意思是当……当人们发现贝瑞……死了的时候，几乎没有干眼症。

Anybody associated with that program, you know it was just...it was just terrible.

任何与该计划有关的人，你都知道这只是......这太糟糕了。

We, we all...we all knew the risks, but when it’s, when it actually happens and you’re faced with it, it’s...it’s very sobering.

我们，我们都……我们都知道风险，但是当它真正发生并且你面对它时，它……这是非常发人深省的。

Narrator: Immediately, the Navy suspended the Sealab program and launched an investigation into Cannon’s death.

旁白：海军立即暂停了Sealab计划，并对Cannon的死亡展开调查。

His fellow aquanauts still had almost a full week of decompression to endure before they emerged from the chamber on the support ship.

在从支援船上的舱室中出来之前，他的同伴们还需要忍受几乎整整一周的减压。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: It was pretty well deserted.

理查德·布莱克本（Richard Blackburn），美国海军潜水员：那里非常荒凉。

You know there was only the skeleton crew that was there to keep us alive basically and, and decompressing us and get us out safely.

你知道，只有骨干人员基本上可以让我们活下去，并为我们减压，让我们安全离开。

And everybody else had gone home.

其他人都回家了。

Narrator: By the time the aquanauts were released from their decompression, Berry Cannon’s funeral had already taken place.

旁白：当潜水员们从减压中释放出来时，贝里·坎农的葬礼已经举行了。

A Navy Board of Investigation asked tough questions of Bond and the rest of the Sealab team.

海军调查委员会向邦德和 Sealab 团队的其他成员提出了尖锐的问题。

Richard Blackburn sharply criticized some of the decisions that were made.

理查德·布莱克本严厉批评了所做的一些决定。

“We were all pushed to the point where mistakes were inevitable,” he testified, “it is a horrible thing for a man to have to die to slow this outfit down.” The San Diego Union reported that Bond was "emotionally shaken several times while recalling the details of the tragedy."

“我们都被推到了错误不可避免的地步，”他作证说，“对于一个人来说，为了放慢这支队伍的速度而不得不牺牲生命是一件可怕的事情。”圣地亚哥联盟报道称，邦德“在回忆这场悲剧的细节时，情绪多次受到震动”。

The investigation lasted almost a month, and it concluded that CO2 poisoning was the most likely cause of Cannon’s death.

调查持续了近一个月，得出的结论是二氧化碳中毒是坎农死亡的最可能原因。

But the entire program became another casualty.

但整个计划却成了又一个牺牲品。

By the end of 1970, the Navy had shut Sealab down completely.

到 1970 年底，海军完全关闭了 Sealab。

George Bond’s dream of man living under the sea seemed to have run its course.

乔治·邦德关于人类生活在海底的梦想似乎已经实现了。

Narrator: To the American public, Sealab looked like an abject failure, but the Navy’s Cold War architects saw, instead, a new top-secret role for the program.

旁白：对于美国公众来说，Sealab 看起来是一次彻底的失败，但海军的冷战设计师却看到了该项目的新的绝密角色。

Ben Hellwarth, Author, Sealab : [The Sealab program] [begins] to enter into the thinking of America’s Cold War planning and strategy [16:34:48:00] [with] new Navy operations in which they could take advantage of their new saturation diving know how.

Ben Hellwarth，Sealab 作者：[Sealab 计划][开始]进入美国冷战规划和战略的思考[16:34:48:00][通过]新的海军行动，他们可以在其中利用新的饱和潜水技术。

Narrator: Some of the Sealab divers became covert operatives serving on board the U.S.S.

旁白：一些 Sealab 潜水员成为在美国航空母舰上服役的秘密特工。

Halibut, an aging nuclear submarine, that featured a portable compression chamber – a kind of mini Sealab – attached to its deck.

大比目鱼号是一艘老化的核潜艇，其甲板上附有一个便携式压缩室（一种迷你 Sealab）。

Over the next few years, the Halibut would become their base for new kinds of dangerous deep-water operations.

在接下来的几年里，大比目鱼将成为他们进行新型危险深水作业的基地。

Bob Bornholdt, U.S. Navy Diver: Sealab personnel were natural recruits, almost to a man Aquanauts went into the black programs.

鲍勃·博恩霍尔特 (Bob Bornholdt)，美国海军潜水员：Sealab 人员是自然而然的新兵，几乎与 Aquanauts 一样进入了黑人项目。

Narrator: Late in 1972, the Halibut snuck inside Russian territorial waters in the sea of Okhotsk, and located a cable on the bottom.

旁白：1972年底，大比目鱼潜入俄罗斯领海鄂霍次克海，并在海底发现了一根电缆。

Saturation divers attached a recording device that secretly intercepted a gold mine of Soviet nuclear communications.

饱和潜水员安装了一个记录装置，秘密拦截了苏联核通讯的金矿。

It was one of the Cold War high points for the Navy, made possible by the pioneering work of Sealab.

这是冷战时期海军的巅峰之一，Sealab 的开创性工作使之成​​为可能。

And the concept of saturation diving spread around the world.

而饱和潜水的概念也传播到了世界各地。

Richard Blackburn, U.S. Navy Diver: [Deep sea] oil exploration took off.

美国海军潜水员理查德·布莱克本：[深海]石油勘探开始了。

Most of the guys that had worked at the experimental diving unit, ended up working for diving companies in the Gulf and the North Sea and all over the world.

大多数曾在实验潜水单位工作的人最终都在海湾、北海以及世界各地的潜水公司工作。

Narrator: From his retirement in North Carolina, George Bond looked on with satisfaction as his prediction that divers would one day be working hundreds of feet below the surface came true.

旁白：乔治·邦德在北卡罗来纳州退休后，满意地看着他关于潜水员有一天将在水面下数百英尺工作的预言成为现实。

In the 1980s, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, created an undersea station, that was originally to be named after Bond, but was ultimately christened Aquarius.

20 世纪 80 年代，美国国家海洋和大气管理局 (NOAA) 创建了一个海底站，最初以邦德的名字命名，但最终被命名为水瓶座。

The habitat is still in operation, near a coral reef a few miles south of the Florida Keys.

该栖息地仍在运行，位于佛罗里达群岛以南几英里的珊瑚礁附近。

Sylvia Earle, Explorer: Sealab, was for me transformative because as a...as a diver, a scientist first, I use the ocean as a laboratory.

西尔维娅·厄尔（Sylvia Earle），探险家：Sealab，对我来说是变革性的，因为作为一名潜水员，首先是一名科学家，我将海洋作为实验室。

Saturation diving gave me two full weeks to get to know the seascape if you will, the neighborhood.

饱和潜水给了我整整两周的时间来了解海景，如果你愿意的话，还有邻居。

Anybody who is a field scientist in a desert or in the mountains or anywhere, you know you keep learning things as you spend time there.

任何在沙漠、山区或任何地方担任现场科学家的人都知道，当你在那里度过时光时，你会不断地学习东西。

It makes all the difference in the world.

它使世界变得不同。

Sealab was absolutely fundamental.

Sealab 绝对是基础。

It built the concept of being able to live underwater, to actually experience the blue part of the planet.

它建立了能够生活在水下、真正体验地球蓝色部分的概念。

Discover the forgotten story of the Navy’s aquanauts, who pioneered undersea exploration.

探索海军潜水员被遗忘的故事，他们是海底探索的先驱。

A deep sea geologist explores submarine volcanoes at depths of 12,000 feet.

一位深海地质学家探索 12,000 英尺深处的海底火山。

When art and science joined to describe the creatures of the deep sea

当艺术与科学联手描述深海生物

An American doctor and Navy officer, Captain George Bond spearheaded U.S. Navy's Sealab I, II and III.

乔治·邦德上尉是一位美国医生和海军军官，是美国海军第一、第二和第三级海豹实验室的带头人。

Scott Carpenter was both a NASA astronaut and an aquanaut with the U.S. Navy.

斯科特·卡彭特既是美国宇航局宇航员，也是美国海军的潜水员。