Cold War Roadshow
Slate: : Andrews Air Force Base, Washington, D.C.
板岩：：华盛顿特区安德鲁斯空军基地
William Taubman, Historian: : Khrushchev was the first Soviet leader to come to the United States.
威廉·陶布曼，历史学家：：赫鲁晓夫是第一位来到美国的苏联领导人。
So, in that sense it was the summit of all summits.
所以，从这个意义上说，这是所有峰会的顶峰。
I mean, Stalin had never come to the United States.
我的意思是，斯大林从未来过美国。
Hitler never came of course.
希特勒当然没有来。
Mao Tse-Tung never came.
毛泽东没有来。
So, I don't think there's been anything like it in that sense.
所以，我认为从这个意义上来说，还没有类似的事情发生。
Susan Eisenhower, Granddaughter: : Back in the 1950s when my grandfather became President of the United States, we had this idea that you didn't have to agree with somebody to meet with them.
苏珊·艾森豪威尔（Susan Eisenhower），孙女：：早在 20 世纪 50 年代，当我的祖父成为美国总统时，我们就有这样的想法：你不必同意某人的意见即可与他们会面。
And this would far riskier than inviting Vladimir Putin to the United States at this particular moment.
这比在这个特定时刻邀请弗拉基米尔·普京访问美国要危险得多。
This was far riskier.
这风险要大得多。
Douglas Edwards, CBS News (archival): : We must realize that the goal of Soviet leaders is domination of the world by communism.
道格拉斯·爱德华兹，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：：我们必须认识到，苏联领导人的目标是共产主义统治世界。
They intend to use all means, economic, propaganda, perhaps even military, to reach this goal.
他们打算使用一切手段，经济的、宣传的，甚至军事的，来达到这个目标。
Total war requires total defense.
全面战争需要全面防御。
William Taubman, Historian: : The Cold War took place during a period of international relations in which there were two super powers contesting with each other.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：冷战发生在两个超级大国相互竞争的国际关系时期。
Each one had nuclear weapons.
每个人都拥有核武器。
Each one could blow up not only the other, but the world altogether.
每个人不仅可以炸毁对方，还可以炸毁整个世界。
Susan Eisenhower, Granddaughter: : I remember we had civil defense drills.
苏珊·艾森豪威尔，孙女：：我记得我们进行了民防演习。
And then at school we had to do so-called duck and cover drills.
然后在学校我们必须进行所谓的鸭子和掩护训练。
People were building bomb shelters.
人们正在建造防空洞。
I mean, it seems incredible, but people were literally stocking up in case of nuclear attack.
我的意思是，这似乎令人难以置信，但人们确实在储备以防核攻击。
Richard Nixon, Vice President (archival): : There are some instances where you may be ahead of us.
理查德·尼克松，副总统（档案）： 在某些情况下，您可能走在我们前面。
For example in the development of the thrust of your rockets for the investigation of outer space.
例如，为探索外层空间而开发火箭的推力。
There may be some instances, for example, color television, where we're ahead of you.
可能在某些情况下，例如，在彩色电视方面，我们领先于您。
Because after all you don't know everything.
因为毕竟你并不知道一切。
Viktor Sukhodrev (archival): : If I don't know everything then I would say that you know absolutely nothing about communism.
Viktor Sukhodrev（档案）：：如果我不知道一切，那么我会说你对共产主义一无所知。
Nothing except fear of it.
除了害怕，什么也没有。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : The whole era of the '50s was sort of like a strange combination of "I Love Lucy" and thermonuclear war.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），编剧： 整个 50 年代的时代有点像《我爱露西》和热核战争的奇怪结合。
Khrushchev was the personification of that.
赫鲁晓夫就是这一点的化身。
Dave Garroway, NBC Today (archival): : Nikita Khrushchev, a profile we're looking at more closely than ever before, trying to see what it tells us about this man who is now at the height of his power.
戴夫·加罗威 (Dave Garroway)，NBC Today（档案）：：尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫（Nikita Khrushchev），我们比以往任何时候都更加密切地关注他的个人资料，试图了解它告诉我们关于这个现在正处于权力巅峰的人的什么信息。
A short, relatively fat man who hardly fits our image of what the most powerful dictator in the world should be.
一个身材矮小、相对较胖的男人，与我们心目中世界上最有权势的独裁者的形象格格不入。
How did this bulky fellow with the rotund face that might be that of a clown reach his present pinnacle?
这个身材魁梧、圆圆的、像小丑一样的家伙，是如何达到现在的巅峰的？
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Americans didn't know much about him, but he was the face of this strange and scary place.
彼得·卡尔森，作家：：美国人对他了解不多，但他是这个奇怪而可怕的地方的代表。
About all they knew was that he had once said, "We will bury you," which sounded very ominous.
他们只知道他曾经说过，“我们会埋葬你”，这听起来很不祥。
William Taubman, Historian: : It was a fair thing to focus on Khrushchev.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：：关注赫鲁晓夫是一件公平的事情。
He directed the power of the Soviet Union armed with nuclear weapons.
他指挥了拥有核武器的苏联的力量。
The world was nervous, and Eisenhower was nervous too, and he was desperately trying to figure out, "What does this man want?" He didn't know.
世界很紧张，艾森豪威尔也很紧张，他拼命地想弄清楚，“这个人想要什么？”他不知道。
And so, he kept coming back to the idea, Eisenhower did, of getting together with Khrushchev face to face.
因此，他不断地想起与赫鲁晓夫面对面的想法，艾森豪威尔也是如此。
Newsreel (archival audio): : In a special White House conference, President Eisenhower reads the text of a joint announcement released simultaneously in Moscow.
新闻片（档案音频）：：在一次特别的白宫会议上，艾森豪威尔总统宣读了在莫斯科同时发布的联合声明的文本。
Dwight Eisenhower, President (archival): : The President of the United States has invited Mr. Nikita Khrushchev, chairman of the council of ministers of the USSR, to pay an official visit to the United States in September.
德怀特·艾森豪威尔总统（档案）：：美国总统邀请苏联部长会议主席尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫先生于九月对美国进行正式访问。
Mr. Khrushchev will visit Washington for two or three days and will also spend 10 days or so traveling in the United States.
赫鲁晓夫将访问华盛顿两三天，还将在美国进行10天左右的访问。
William Taubman, Historian: : Nikita Khrushchev wanted to ease, if not end the Cold War.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫想要缓和甚至结束冷战。
And he had been trying ever since 1955 to wangle an invitation to the United States.
自 1955 年以来，他一直在努力争取邀请前往美国。
Khrushchev wanted to be accepted both as an individual and as the leader of his country, and after years of being denied the invitation he craved to come to the United States he took the invitation when it finally came as a sign that he and his country were now accepted as equals with the United States.
赫鲁晓夫希望作为个人和国家领导人都被接受，在多年拒绝他渴望来美国的邀请后，他接受了邀请，因为这最终表明他和他的国家现在被接受为与美国平等。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : And he decided to impress Americans.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：他决定给美国人留下深刻印象。
So, when now he saw that we have this huge plane and it's only one plane the world can fly without stops from Moscow to United States he said that I will use this plane to fly to America.
所以，当现在他看到我们有这架巨大的飞机，而且这是世界上唯一一架可以从莫斯科不间断飞行到美国的飞机时，他说我将用这架飞机飞往美国。
So, my father like all the innovations.
所以，我父亲喜欢所有的创新。
He liked to try them.
他喜欢尝试它们。
He was impressed of the technology.
他对这项技术印象深刻。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Unfortunately, his engineers had found some microscopic cracks in the engine and they advised him not to go on it.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：：不幸的是，他的工程师在发动机中发现了一些微小的裂缝，他们建议他不要继续使用。
But he refused to take their advice, because he did not want to take a plane that would have to stop in England to refuel.
但他拒绝接受他们的建议，因为他不想乘坐一架必须在英国停留加油的飞机。
So, basically he put himself and his entire entourage at risk of death by getting in this plane.
所以，基本上，他登上这架飞机，就是将自己和他的随行人员置于死亡的危险之中。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : But they have their technicians and these technicians also for precaution they have their headphones and they just listening the sound of the engines.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：但是他们有自己的技术人员，这些技术人员也有预防措施，他们戴着耳机，只是听发动机的声音。
And it was no problem.
这没问题。
It is like Christopher Columbus, discovering the America.
就像克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现美洲一样。
Americans, we thought, all of them live in the skyscrapers.
我们认为，美国人都住在摩天大楼里。
All of them rich and drive these big cars.
他们都很有钱，都开这些大车。
And it's all imagination for us.
这对我们来说都是想象。
William Taubman, Historian: : When Eisenhower invited Khrushchev, he wanted to figure Khrushchev out as an individual, as a leader, and Eisenhower genuinely did not understand what made this man tick.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：：当艾森豪威尔邀请赫鲁晓夫时，他想把赫鲁晓夫视为一个个体、一个领导人，而艾森豪威尔真的不明白是什么让这个人如此行事。
He also of course wanted to expose Khrushchev to the real virtues of the United States and its capitalist, democratic system.
他当然还想让赫鲁晓夫了解美国及其资本主义民主制度的真正优点。
President Eisenhower (archival): : Mr. Chairman, I welcome you, your family and party to the United States.
艾森豪威尔总统（档案）：：主席先生，我欢迎您、您的家人和政党来到美国。
I am especially happy that Mrs. Khrushchev and other members of your family are accompanying you.
我特别高兴赫鲁晓夫夫人和您的家人陪同。
On behalf of the government and of the people of America I express the hope that you and they will find your stay among us interesting and useful.
我代表美国政府和人民表示希望您和他们会发现您在我们中间的逗留有趣且有用。
I am looking forward to the talks we will have together.
我期待着我们一起进行的会谈。
David Brinkley, CBS News (archival audio): : The President has been given a great deal of advice on what he should do with his visitor.
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻 (CBS News) 大卫·布林克利 (David Brinkley)（档案音频）： 总统就应该如何对待他的来访者提出了大量建议。
One piece of advice coming from Senator Johnson is that he should take him to church on grounds that it is never too late for a sinner to repent.
约翰逊参议员提出的一条建议是，他应该带他去教堂，因为罪人悔改永远不会太晚。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Thousands of people came out and watched him drive in, but they didn't know what to do.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：：成千上万的人出来看着他开车进来，但他们不知道该怎么办。
Am I supposed to cheer?
我应该欢呼吗？
I mean, he's a communist dictator.
我的意思是，他是一个共产主义独裁者。
I'm not going to cheer for him.
我不会为他欢呼。
Am I supposed to boo?
我应该嘘吗？
No, he'll blow us up if we boo him.
不，如果我们嘘他，他会炸死我们。
So, they just kinda stood there and looked at him.
所以，他们只是站在那里看着他。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : It was hot and we were sleepy.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：天气很热，我们很困。
But of course we look on the Americans with same curiosity as Americans look at us.
当然，我们对美国人的好奇心就像美国人对我们的好奇心一样。
Reporter (archival): : Let me ask you, who do you folks represent?
记者（档案）：：请问你们代表谁？
Man on street (archival): : We are from the Committee for National Mourning here in Washington, and we are out on the streets to express national mourning for our country in connection with the visit of Khrushchev to this country.
街上的人（档案）：：我们来自华盛顿的全国哀悼委员会，我们走上街头，就赫鲁晓夫访问这个国家向我们的国家表达全国哀悼。
I think it's a tragic event, and we're out to show it.
我认为这是一个悲惨的事件，我们要展示它。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Well, a few days before Khrushchev arrived the Soviets shot a rocket up into space with a little ball on it and it went to the moon.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：嗯，在赫鲁晓夫到达的前几天，苏联人向太空发射了一枚载有小球的火箭，然后它飞向了月球。
It landed on the moon.
它降落在月球上。
And this was the first time anyone had ever sent an object to the moon.
这是第一次有人向月球发送物体。
He presented Eisenhower with a facsimile of this ball they'd shot to the moon.
他向艾森豪威尔展示了他们射向月球的这个球的复制品。
There was a hammer and sickle on it.
上面有一把锤子和镰刀。
And Khrushchev said, you know, "I'm sure that someday you'll be able to send a rocket to the moon.
赫鲁晓夫说，你知道，“我确信有一天你能够向月球发射火箭。
And when you do our medallion will say hello to your medallion and greet you when you get there."
当您这样做时，我们的奖章会向您的奖章问好，并在您到达那里时向您致意。”
William Taubman, Historian: : This was his way of trying to intimidate, to frighten with the power of the Soviet Union, some of which was exaggerated.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：这是他试图用苏联的力量来恐吓、恐吓的方式，其中一些力量被夸大了。
He wanted respect.
他想要尊重。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Eisenhower chose Henry Cabot Lodge to be the tour guide for what turned out to be an 11-day trip.
彼得·卡尔森 (Peter Carlson)，作家： 艾森豪威尔选择亨利·卡伯特·洛奇 (Henry Cabot Lodge) 作为导游，进行了为期 11 天的旅行。
Lodge was our chief diplomat at the UN and he was a tall, handsome WASP from the bluest of blue blood families.
洛奇是我们驻联合国的首席外交官，他是一位高大、英俊的白人新教徒，出身于最有名望的贵族家庭。
Today Show Announcer (archival): : Today it's Wednesday, September the 16th, 1959.
Today Show 播音员（档案）： ：今天是 1959 年 9 月 16 日星期三。
Here is Dave Garroway.
请听戴夫·加罗威的报道。
Dave Garroway, Anchor, NBC Today (archival): : We'll be covering the Khrushchev visit of course this morning as we did yesterday and will all this week.
戴夫·加罗威 (Dave Garroway)，《今日美国全国广播公司》(NBC Today) 主持人（档案）：：我们今天早上将像昨天一样报道赫鲁晓夫的访问，本周也将如此。
We'll be showing you perhaps facets of it that you may not have recognized, like what a great showman he turned out to be yesterday.
我们将向您展示您可能没有意识到的方面，就像昨天他成为一位多么出色的表演者一样。
Wynne Miller, NBC News (archival): : Yes, I knew when that little girl presented him with the flowers that he was going to embrace her or pat her head or something.
Wynne Miller，NBC 新闻（档案）：是的，当那个小女孩向他献花时，我知道他会拥抱她或拍拍她的头或其他什么。
Dave Garroway, NBC Today (archival): : Little things like taking the play away from the President by holding his homburg up a couple of feet in the air to shade his face.
戴夫·加罗威 (Dave Garroway)，《今日全国广播公司》（档案）：：一些小事，比如将洪堡举高几英尺，遮住总统的脸，从而夺走总统的注意力。
Wynne Miller, NBC News (archival): : Things that actors kill other actors for.
韦恩·米勒 (Wynne Miller)，NBC 新闻（档案）：：演员为了某些事情而杀害其他演员。
Charles Van Doren, NBC News (archival): : The way-- the way he took out those little 18th century glasses of his, the little round glasses, slowly put 'em on his face.
Charles Van Doren，NBC 新闻（档案）：：他拿出那副 18 世纪的小圆眼镜，慢慢地将它们戴在脸上的方式。
That was brilliant.
那太棒了。
Dave Garroway, NBC Today (archival): : Putting his arm around the president in the car riding into the airport.
戴夫·加罗威 (Dave Garroway)，NBC Today（档案）：：在前往机场的车上用手臂搂住总统。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Khrushchev's trip was the first sort of multi-day media event of the TV age.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：赫鲁晓夫之行是电视时代第一个为期多天的媒体活动。
Khrushchev, this Russian peasant, seems to have been among the first people who perceived this.
赫鲁晓夫这位俄罗斯农民似乎是最早意识到这一点的人之一。
He was very sophisticated about the power of television.
他对电视的力量非常了解。
He wanted to see the country, and he wanted to put on a big TV show with himself as this dynamic leader of the upcoming communist world.
他想去看看这个国家，他想上演一档大型电视节目，让自己成为即将到来的共产主义世界的充满活力的领导人。
And that's exactly what he got.
这正是他得到的。
Newsreel (archival audio): : Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev, chairman of the council of ministers and his extensive, lengthy appearance before the National Press Club in Washington, D.C. Mr. Khrushchev in a light tan suit walking out, several other members of the official and personal family of Mr. Khrushchev are at the...
新闻片（档案音频）：：部长会议主席尼基塔·谢尔盖耶维奇·赫鲁晓夫在华盛顿特区的国家新闻俱乐部上进行了长时间的露面。赫鲁晓夫先生穿着浅褐色西装走出去，赫鲁晓夫先生的其他几名官方和私人家庭成员也在...
Susan Eisenhower, Granddaughter: : He had to be a very good politician or he wouldn't have survived the Stalinist period, nor would he have survived the tussle for power after Stalin's death in March of 1953.
苏珊·艾森豪威尔（Susan Eisenhower），孙女：：他必须是一位非常优秀的政治家，否则他就无法在斯大林主义时期幸存下来，也无法在 1953 年 3 月斯大林去世后的权力斗争中幸存下来。
Khrushchev had been involved very much in Stalin's circle.
赫鲁晓夫与斯大林的圈子关系密切。
William H.
威廉·H.
Lawrence, President, National Press Club (archival): : There is a story that at the meeting of the Communist Party Congress, during which he delivered his long speech about the crimes that Mr. Stalin had committed, that someone in the audience set up an unsigned but written question.
劳伦斯，国家新闻俱乐部主席（档案）：有一个故事，在共产党代表大会上，他发表了关于斯大林先生所犯下的罪行的长篇演讲，观众中有人提出了一个未签名但书面的问题。
Mr. Khrushchev paused in the middle of the speech and read the question to the audience.
赫鲁晓夫先生在演讲中停顿，向观众宣读了问题。
"What were you doing while Stalin was committing these crimes?" the question asked.
“斯大林犯下这些罪行的时候你在做什么？”所问的问题。
Mr. Khrushchev has suggested that perhaps the author would like to arise and identify himself.
赫鲁晓夫先生建议，也许提交人愿意站起来表明自己的身份。
No one stood up.
没有人站起来。
"Well, comrades," Mr. Khrushchev said, "Now you know what I was doing while Stalin was committing these crimes." Perhaps the chairman would like to comment on that story.
“好吧，同志们，”赫鲁晓夫先生说，“现在你们知道当斯大林犯下这些罪行时我在做什么。”也许主席想对这个故事发表评论。
Viktor Sukhodrev, Translator (archival): : The authors of these fables, including the authors of this question, wanted to place me in a difficult position.
维克托·苏霍德列夫（Viktor Sukhodrev），译者（档案）：：这些寓言的作者，包括这个问题的作者，想让我陷入困境。
And there have been laughs even before I replied.
在我回答之前就已经有人笑了。
But I would say to that they laugh who laugh last.
但我要说的是，谁笑到最后。
I shall not reply to this question, which I look upon as being provocative and would like to take this occasion to deny any such malicious rumors and lies, which do not correspond to the truth.
我不会回答这个问题，我认为这个问题具有挑衅性，并想借此机会否认任何此类与事实不符的恶意谣言和谎言。
William Taubman, Historian: : I think that Khrushchev's denunciation of Stalin and the secret speech in 1956 was both the bravest and most reckless thing he ever did.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：我认为赫鲁晓夫对斯大林的谴责和1956年的秘密讲话是他做过的最勇敢、最鲁莽的事情。
It was the beginning of the end for the Soviet Union, because Stalin had been a god.
这是苏联终结的开始，因为斯大林是神。
And he wanted credit for it, at least in the West, in part because he wasn't getting fully the credit he wanted at home.
他希望得到赞誉，至少在西方，部分原因是他在国内没有完全得到他想要的赞誉。
Over time it ate away at the foundations of the Soviet system.
随着时间的推移，它侵蚀了苏联制度的基础。
Newsreel (archival audio): : And there goes our chairman, Nikita Khrushchev, through the Honor Guard of American Army troops, to the train which will take him to New York City.
新闻片（档案音频）：：我们的主席尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫穿过美国陆军仪仗队，登上了前往纽约市的火车。
Again, he's waving to the crowds.
他再次向人群挥手致意。
And he's done this all through his tour of Washington apparently completely oblivious, or uncaring about the fact that very few people in the crowds here have waved back or done anything but stare at him rather stonily.
他在华盛顿之行期间一直在做这件事，显然完全没有注意到，或者不关心这里的人群中很少有人向他挥手或做任何事情，只是相当冷漠地盯着他。
This does not prevent the chairman from waving heartily and smiling a rather broad, engaging grin, I must confess.
我必须承认，这并不妨碍主席热情地挥手，并露出灿烂而迷人的笑容。
So far in his public appearances Khrushchev has shown no indication at all that he's even aware of the elaborate, fantastic security precautions that have been taken for his safety.
到目前为止，赫鲁晓夫在公开露面中没有表现出任何迹象表明他甚至意识到为他的安全而采取的精心设计的、出色的安全预防措施。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : My father told, "Yes, if they would want to kill me, they will kill me," 'cause he told us, "part of my profession.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：我父亲告诉我，“是的，如果他们想杀我，他们就会杀我，”因为他告诉我们，“这是我职业的一部分。
But if they kill me, of course it will be big problems."
但如果他们杀了我，当然会有大问题。”
Peter Carlson, Writer: : The American authorities were really scared that someone would do something really bad to Khrushchev; shoot him, would be the worst.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：：美国当局真的很害怕有人会对赫鲁晓夫做一些非常糟糕的事情；开枪打死他，那是最糟糕的。
It's-- J.
这是——J.
Edgar Hoover had estimated, God knows how, that 25,000 Americans would have liked to kill Khrushchev.
埃德加·胡佛估计，天知道是怎么回事，有 25,000 名美国人想杀死赫鲁晓夫。
The Soviet bodyguards were also afraid of that, and there was a meeting of State Department officials with the Soviets who were in charge of Khrushchev's security, and the Soviet representative said, "You don't understand, if anything happens to Comrade Khrushchev, boom!"
苏联保镖也害怕这个，有一次国务院官员和苏联负责赫鲁晓夫安全的官员开会，苏联代表说：“你不懂，赫鲁晓夫同志要是出了什么事，轰！”
Peter Carlson, Writer: : They were desperate to protect him.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：：他们非常想保护他。
And in fact, they overprotected him.
事实上，他们过度保护了他。
They had such a wall of people around him he felt that he was in prison.
他周围围满了人墙，他感觉自己好像进了监狱。
William Taubman, Historian: : New York was of course above any expression of excessive warmth toward the leader of the anti-capitalist Soviet Union.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：纽约当然不会对反资本主义的苏联领导人表现出任何过度的热情。
The individuals who showed up were people who were sincerely offended by some of the things Khrushchev had said.
出席的人都是那些真心被赫鲁晓夫所说的一些话所冒犯的人。
And they were also to some extent trying to appear on television.
他们也在某种程度上试图出现在电视上。
And some of them were downright rude.
其中一些人非常粗鲁。
All through his life Khrushchev had wanted a certain kind of respect from people of culture and power.
赫鲁晓夫一生都希望得到有文化、有权力的人的某种尊重。
And here he was at the heart of it.
而他正是这一切的核心。
Newsreel (archival audio): : Nikita Khrushchev at this moment is in the grand ballroom of New York's Waldorf Astoria Hotel.
新闻片（档案音频）： ：尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫此刻正在纽约华尔道夫酒店的大宴会厅里。
Figuratively it is a most incongruous place for the leader of the world's proletarian revolution to be.
象征性地说，对于世界无产阶级革命的领导人来说，这是一个最不协调的地方。
He is the guest of honor at a dinner given by the Economic Club of New York.
他是纽约经济俱乐部晚宴的主宾。
Many of the club's members are bankers and industrialists, businessmen, the targets of much of the criticism of communist dogma.
该俱乐部的许多成员都是银行家、实业家、商人，他们是共产主义教条批评的对象。
However that may be, it is in the lair of the capitalist that Nikita Khrushchev has gone tonight, ready to continue spraying the air with a perfume from his atomizer of charm.
不管怎样，尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫今晚已经去了资本家的巢穴，准备继续用他的魅力喷雾器向空气中喷洒香水。
William Taubman, Historian: : There was one occasion at the Economic Club in New York when somebody challenged him and said, "Answer the question.
威廉·陶布曼（William Taubman），历史学家：：有一次在纽约经济俱乐部，有人向他提出挑战并说：“回答问题。
You're not answering the question." Khrushchev was not used to being spoken to in this way in the Soviet Union where everybody bowed down.
你没有回答问题。”在苏联，赫鲁晓夫不习惯被人用这种方式说话，每个人都鞠躬。
And when that carried over into resistance to Khrushchev's diplomatic overtures, rejection of his diplomatic proposals, and even the cold welcome that he received at first in the United States, that all intensified his feeling that, "I deserve better and I'm not getting it."
当这种情况延续到对赫鲁晓夫外交提议的抵制、拒绝他的外交建议，甚至他最初在美国受到的冷淡欢迎时，这一切都加剧了他的感觉：“我应该得到更好的待遇，但我没有得到。”
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : One of this events was the speech to the United Nations, and my father, he wanted to speak about disarmament.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫（Sergei Khrushchev），儿子：：其中一个事件是在联合国的演讲，我的父亲，他想谈论裁军问题。
Viktor Sukhodrev (archival): : I wish to assure the delegates to the General Assembly that in the Soviet Union, the United Nations will continue to have the most active participation in all efforts aimed at releasing mankind from the burden of armaments and consolidating peace throughout the world.
维克多·苏霍德列夫（档案）：我谨向大会代表保证，在苏联，联合国将继续最积极地参与旨在使人类摆脱军备负担和巩固全世界和平的一切努力。
The essence of all proposals is that over a period of four years, all states should affect complete disarmament and should no longer have any means of waging war.
所有提议的实质是，在四年内，所有国家都应实现彻底裁军，并且不应再拥有任何发动战争的手段。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : Of course it was serious proposal if you are talking about negotiation.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫之子：：如果你谈论的是谈判，当然这是一个严肃的提议。
When he talk about full disarmament, there will be no armies -- of course it was the propaganda of the Soviet policies that we are peaceful.
当他谈到全面裁军时，不会有军队——当然这是苏联政策的宣传，我们是和平的。
The road to disarmament was long and bumpy, and especially at that time Soviets wanted to build more intercontinental missiles.
裁军之路漫长而坎坷，尤其是当时苏联想要制造更多的洲际导弹。
You have to understand that he wanted to prevent American surprise attack.
你要明白，他是想阻止美国的突然袭击。
Protestor on street (archival): : Red murderer!
街头抗议者（档案）：：红色凶手！
Red murderer!
红色凶手！
Red murderer!
红色凶手！
Susan Eisenhower, Granddaughter: : Even before Khrushchev arrived, Eisenhower was really alarmed by the extent to which rhetoric in the United States was really almost spinning out of control.
苏珊·艾森豪威尔，孙女：：甚至在赫鲁晓夫到来之前，艾森豪威尔就对美国的言论几乎失控的程度感到震惊。
Protestor on street (archival): : Red murderer!
街头抗议者（档案）：：红色凶手！
Red murderer!
红色凶手！
Red murderer!
红色凶手！
Newsreel (archival audio): : There is considerable relief among the people at the Department of State concerned with security that he's gone safely through the New York phase of his visit, since the greatest danger of intelligent, planned opposition to Khrushchev was believed to exist in New York.
新闻片（档案音频）：：国务院负责安全的人员对于他安全地度过了访问的纽约阶段感到相当欣慰，因为据信纽约存在着明智的、有计划的反对赫鲁晓夫的最大危险。
The road ahead of course may still be lined with individual crackpots.
当然，前面的道路上可能仍然充满了个人的疯子。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Khrushchev wanted to go to Los Angeles to see Hollywood.
彼得·卡尔森，编剧：赫鲁晓夫想去洛杉矶看好莱坞。
God knows why.
天知道为什么。
Probably because the publicity would be astronomical.
可能是因为宣传力度会是天文数字。
Every night each of the three networks had a half hour show wrapping up what had happened that day.
每天晚上，三个电视台各有一个半小时的节目来总结当天发生的事情。
Plus during the day many of the events were covered live.
另外，白天许多活动都有现场直播。
When Khrushchev went to a Hollywood lunch, that was covered live in Los Angeles on live TV.
当赫鲁晓夫去参加好莱坞午餐时，洛杉矶的电视直播对此进行了直播。
One of the great things about him that made the trip so interesting was that he really was a funny guy.
他的一大优点是他真的是一个有趣的人，这使得这次旅行如此有趣。
William Taubman, Historian: : What he really was, was a remarkably warm, vital, colorful character.
威廉·陶布曼（William Taubman），历史学家：：他实际上是一个非常热情、充满活力、丰富多彩的人物。
I mean, it took an awful lot of restraint to not be charmed, or at least fascinated, by him as he rolled across the country.
我的意思是，当他横穿全国时，我需要非常克制才能不被他迷住，或者至少被迷住。
And so, it was partly where he was.
所以，这在一定程度上就是他所在的地方。
But I think it's also that he loosened up and became more approachable.
但我认为这也是他放松下来并变得更加平易近人的原因。
Spyros Skouras, President of Fox Studios (archival): : Ah, Mr. Chairman, this I was not going to tell in my speech.
斯皮罗斯·斯库拉斯 (Spyros Skouras)，福克斯影业总裁（档案）： ：啊，主席先生，这一点我不会在演讲中提及。
But, your country is the greatest corporation, the greatest capitalistic term, the greatest monopoly the world has ever known.
但是，你们的国家是世界上有史以来最伟大的公司、最伟大的资本主义术语、最伟大的垄断。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Americans love to talk about how in America anyone can grow up in a log cabin and become president of the United States.
彼得·卡尔森，作家：美国人喜欢谈论在美国任何人都可以在小木屋里长大并成为美国总统。
And in Hollywood Spyros Skouras, the president of Fox movie studio told him, "I came here as a Greek immigrant and I worked as a busboy and I worked my way up and now I'm the president of a movie studio." And Khrushchev started heckling him and saying, "I grew up as a shepherd.
在好莱坞，福克斯电影制片厂的总裁斯皮罗斯·斯库拉斯告诉他，“我作为一名希腊移民来到这里，我当过服务员，我一步步晋升，现在我是一家电影制片厂的总裁。”赫鲁晓夫开始质问他说：“我是作为牧羊人长大的。
And then I worked in a mine owned by the French.
然后我在法国人拥有的矿山工作。
And then I worked in a factory.
然后我在一家工厂工作。
And now I'm the head of the Soviet Union."
现在我是苏联领导人。”
Nikita Khrushchev, in Russian (archival): : I am the Prime Minister of the Soviet Union!
尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫，俄语（档案）：：我是苏联总理！
Peter Carlson, Writer: : They sort of had the same critique of each other.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：：他们对彼此有同样的批评。
The Americans believed that the Soviet Union was ruled by a small clique of communists who controlled the entire country and kept everyone subjugated in slavery.
美国人认为，苏联是由一小撮共产主义者统治的，他们控制了整个国家，并让每个人都处于奴役状态。
And this-- Khrushchev and the other Soviet leaders believed that America was controlled by a small clique of powerful capitalists who kept everyone else in slavery.
赫鲁晓夫和其他苏联领导人认为，美国是由一小撮强大的资本家控制的，他们让其他所有人都处于奴隶地位。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : And my father told we will not promote communism in your country.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：我的父亲告诉我们，我们不会在你们的国家推行共产主义。
But if our system will present better life to the people, your own Americans will elect communist as a president and you will join us.
但如果我们的制度能够为人民带来更好的生活，你们自己的美国人就会选举共产主义者为总统，你们就会加入我们。
Mayor Poulson, the mayor of Los Angeles, said that, "I will not recommend you to go to the Disneyland, because it will be unsafe." And my father was very angry.
洛杉矶市长波尔森表示，“我不会建议你去迪士尼乐园，因为那里不安全。”我父亲非常生气。
Viktor Sukhodrev, Translator (archival): : When I came here to the city I was given a plan, a program of what I was to be shown and whom I was to meet here.
维克多·苏霍德列夫 (Viktor Sukhodrev)，译者（档案）： ：当我来到这个城市时，我得到了一个计划，一个关于我要展示的内容以及我要在这里会见的人的计划。
But just now I was told that I couldn't go to Disneyland.
但刚才我被告知不能去迪士尼乐园。
I asked, "Why not?" And just listen, just listen to what I was told, to what reason I was told.
我问：“为什么不呢？”听听，听听我被告知的内容，以及被告知的原因。
Nikita Khrushchev, in Russian (archival): : The American authorities are not able to...
尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫（Nikita Khrushchev），俄语（档案）：：美国当局无法……
Viktor Sukhodrev, Translator (archival): : We, which means the American authority, cannot guarantee your security if you go there.
Viktor Sukhodrev，译者（档案）： ：如果你去那里，我们，即美国当局，无法保证你的安全。
What is it?
它是什么？
Do you have rocket launching pads there?
那里有火箭发射台吗？
I don't know.
我不知道。
What is it?
它是什么？
Is there an epidemic of cholera there or something?
那里有霍乱流行吗？
Or have gangsters taken hold of the place that can destroy me?
还是歹徒已经占领了可以毁灭我的地方？
And I say I would very much like to go and see Disneyland.
我说我非常想去迪士尼乐园看看。
For me such a situation is inconceivable.
对于我来说，这样的情况是不可想象的。
I cannot find words to explain this to my people.
我找不到言语来向我的人民解释这一点。
I thought I could come here and not have to sit in the sweltering heat in a closed car under your hot sun.
我以为我可以来到这里，而不必在炎热的阳光下坐在封闭的汽车里。
I thought I could come here as a free man, as a guest of the free American people.
我以为我可以作为一个自由人，作为自由美国人民的客人来到这里。
This fact can evoke nothing but profound disappointment on my part.
这个事实只能让我深感失望。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : Personally I knew nothing about Disneyland.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：我个人对迪士尼乐园一无所知。
I knew the Disney movies, Bambi and all others and we like them.
我知道迪士尼电影、小鹿斑比和其他所有电影，我们都喜欢它们。
But it was not about Disneyland itself; it was about managing my father not in the proper way.
但这与迪士尼乐园本身无关；而是与迪士尼乐园有关。这是关于以不正确的方式管理我的父亲。
And he was very sensitive for this.
而他对此也非常敏感。
TV Interviewer (archival): : From an entertainer's point of view what do you think of the show today?
电视采访者（档案）： ：从艺人的角度来看，您对今天的节目有何看法？
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival audio): : From one Hollywood spectacular to another.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（Walter Cronkite），哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案音频）：：从一个好莱坞的壮观场面到另一个。
Sound Stage Eight, where the Cole Porter film musical "Can-Can" is in production.
第八音场，科尔·波特电影音乐剧《康康舞》的制作地。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : My father didn't understand why they decided to show "Can-Can" for him.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫（Sergei Khrushchev），儿子：：我父亲不明白为什么他们决定为他放映《康康舞》。
You are asking yourself why.
你在问自己为什么。
Why you doing this?
你为什么这样做？
But I was different from my father.
但我和我的父亲不同。
I was much younger.
我年轻得多。
I was not a political leader, so, I just looking and this it was we ne-- I never saw can-can before.
我不是政治领袖，所以，我只是看看，这就是我们所需要的——我以前从未见过康康舞。
He likes movies.
他喜欢电影。
So, of course it was very interesting, like everything.
所以，这当然非常有趣，就像一切一样。
In the Los Angeles the Mayor Poulson tried to avoid any contact with the people.
在洛杉矶，市长波尔森试图避免与民众有任何接触。
He just changed the route of the cars that travel around on the empty streets so that Americans don't want to see you.
他只是改变了在空荡荡的街道上行驶的汽车的路线，让美国人不想看到你。
Mayor Poulson was very anti-Soviet, very negative.
波尔森市长非常反苏，非常消极。
Newsreel (archival audio): : He got off the plane as we said a number of hours ago, but he still hasn't had a chance to rest.
新闻片（档案音频）： ：正如我们几个小时前所说的那样，他下了飞机，但他仍然没有机会休息。
He's been going all day.
他已经走了一整天了。
A Soviet flag on one fender, the American flag on the other fender.
一个挡泥板上有苏联国旗，另一侧挡泥板上有美国国旗。
There is the chairman wearing his medals, getting a cheer here.
主席戴着奖章，在这里欢呼。
And he waves.
他挥手。
This is a rather hearty welcome compared to most of them.
与大多数人相比，这是一种相当热烈的欢迎。
So, Mr. Khrushchev goes into the Los Angeles Ambassador Hotel.
于是，赫鲁晓夫先生走进了洛杉矶大使饭店。
Newsreel (archival audio): : The Russian premier has had his first meeting with the American movie industry.
新闻片（档案音频）：：俄罗斯总理首次与美国电影业会面。
Tonight he meets the business leaders of the City of Los Angeles at a dinner hosted by Mayor Norris Poulson.
今晚，他在市长诺里斯·鲍尔森 (Norris Poulson) 举办的晚宴上会见了洛杉矶市的商界领袖。
Norris Poulson, Los Angeles Mayor (archival): : Mr. Chairman, we do not agree with your widely quoted phrase, "We shall bury you." You shall not bury us.
诺里斯·保尔森，洛杉矶市长（档案）：主席先生，我们不同意您广泛引用的短语“我们将埋葬您”。你不应该埋葬我们。
We're happy with our way of life.
我们对自己的生活方式感到满意。
We recognize its shortcomings and are always trying to improve it.
我们认识到它的缺点，并一直在努力改进它。
But if challenged we shall fight to the death to preserve it.
但如果受到挑战，我们将誓死捍卫它。
William Taubman, Historian: : Well, Khrushchev was easily provoked, and at one point before his trip to the United States he said, "We will bury you." He always insisted that he was referring to his oft-proclaimed determination to prevail in peaceful coexistence, that is, that was his favorite term.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：嗯，赫鲁晓夫很容易被激怒，在他前往美国之前的某个时刻，他说：“我们会埋葬你。”他始终坚称，他指的是他经常宣称的和平共处的决心，也就是说，这是他最喜欢的词。
"We coexist peacefully, we compete and we win." And when he came to the United States at virtually every public occasion at which he spoke people dredged up this quote and hit him over the head with it.
“我们和平共处，我们竞争，我们获胜。”当他来到美国时，几乎在他发表演讲的每一个公共场合，人们都会翻出这句话并用它来打击他。
And he got madder and madder.
他变得越来越疯狂。
Viktor Sukhodrev, Translator (archival): : I can put this text in my pocket now.
Viktor Sukhodrev，译者（档案）： ：我现在可以把这段文字放在口袋里了。
I turn to you Mr. Mayor and my dear host.
我请市长先生和我亲爱的主人。
You have shown wonderful hospitality towards me and to my comrades.
你们对我和我的同志们表现出了热情的款待。
And I thank you.
我谢谢你。
And I want to say the truth.
我想说实话。
Can I do that here?
我可以在这里做吗？
In your speech you said that we wanted to bury you.
你在演讲中说我们想埋葬你。
I want to ask you, why did you mention that fact?
我想问你，你为什么要提到这个事实？
Already while I was here in the United States I've already had occasion to give clarification on that point.
当我在美国时，我已经有机会就这一点作出澄清。
I trust that even mayors read the press.
我相信即使是市长也会阅读新闻。
At least in our country the chairman of the city councils read the press.
至少在我们国家，市议会主席会阅读报纸。
If they don't they risk not being elected next time.
如果他们不这样做，他们就有下次无法当选的风险。
I am talking seriously, because I have come here with serious intentions.
我是认真地说的，因为我是怀着严肃的意图来到这里的。
And you try to reduce the matter to a joke.
你试图把这件事变成一个笑话。
It is a question of war or peace between our countries.
这是我们两国之间战争还是和平的问题。
The question of the life or death of the people.
人民生死攸关的问题。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : He claimed that the mayor of Los Angeles had insulted him and that he was perfectly capable of flying back to the Soviet Union immediately, canceling the rest of the trip and no Soviet official would ever return.
作家彼得·卡尔森：他声称洛杉矶市长侮辱了他，他完全有能力立即飞回苏联，取消剩余的行程，而且没有任何苏联官员会回来。
And by the way, we're turning out missiles like sausages.
顺便说一句，我们正在像香肠一样生产导弹。
So, the people in the hall got scared.
于是，大厅里的人都害怕了。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : So he threatening them, Americans, when he talked that we produced missiles like sausages.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：所以当他说我们像香肠一样生产导弹时，他威胁了美国人。
He exaggerated our strengths.
他夸大了我们的优势。
And I work at that time missile industry.
我当时在导弹工业工作。
I told, "How can dad tell this?
我说：“爸爸怎么能告诉我这些呢？
We have only two missiles.
我们只有两枚导弹。
What sausages?" And he laughed at me and he told, "It's not important how many missiles we have.
什么香肠？”他嘲笑我并告诉我：“我们拥有多少导弹并不重要。
Americans have to believe that we have enough of them."
美国人必须相信我们有足够的人。”
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Khrushchev was a much more complicated man than he seemed to be.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：赫鲁晓夫是一个比他看上去复杂得多的人。
He was full of bluster and seeming over-confidence, but there was a level of insecurity that was rooted in the fact that he had almost no education and even less culture.
他气势汹汹，看似过于自信，但实际上却有一种不安全感，这种不安全感源于他几乎没有受过教育，更没有文化。
He went to school for no more than two or three years.
他上学的时间不超过两三年。
And so, some of his edginess on the American trip, some of his tendency to explode when insulted or when he thought he was insulted, came from the fact that all of this was touching this sore point that he had about his own shortcomings.
所以，他在美国之行中的一些急躁，一些在受到侮辱或认为自己受到侮辱时容易爆发的倾向，都来自于所有这些都触动了他对自己缺点的痛处。
Howard K.
霍华德·K.
Smith, CBS News (archival): : Washington, where or near where the climax of Khrushchev's trip will be played in a few days, has watched the Soviet leader's tour pass the halfway mark with mixed feelings.
史密斯，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：：几天后赫鲁晓夫之行的高潮即将上演的华盛顿，怀着复杂的心情看着这位苏联领导人的访问已过半。
There is, as the White House statement said today, a profound wish that Khrushchev will be treated courteously on his tour.
正如白宫今天的声明所说，人们深切希望赫鲁晓夫在访问期间受到礼遇。
It would be a shame if relations between the giant nuclear nations which survived the Berlin blockade and the Korean War should now founder on a missed excursion to the Disneyland amusement park.
如果在柏林封锁和朝鲜战争中幸存下来的两个核大国之间的关系现在因错过迪士尼乐园之旅而破裂，那将是一种耻辱。
Washington wants nothing to happen which would cast a shadow on the talks Khrushchev is to have with President Eisenhower here late this week.
华盛顿不希望发生任何会给赫鲁晓夫本周晚些时候与艾森豪威尔总统举行的会谈蒙上阴影的事情。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : He genuinely was angered by his treatment in LA.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），作家：：他真的对自己在洛杉矶受到的待遇感到愤怒。
So, after LA, as they went up the coast by train to San Francisco, he managed to convince Henry Cabot Lodge to stop walling him off with security and let him mingle with Americans more.
因此，离开洛杉矶后，当他们乘火车沿着海岸前往旧金山时，他成功说服亨利·卡伯特·洛奇(Henry Cabot Lodge)不再用保安围堵他，让他更多地与美国人交往。
He liked common people.
他喜欢普通人。
He had come up from common people and he liked them.
他出身于平民，他喜欢他们。
And that came through.
这一切都实现了。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : He lost his medal.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：他失去了奖牌。
It was golden medal.
那是金牌。
And somebody pick it up.
有人捡起它。
He could put it in his pocket, because it is a good souvenir, but he decided to return it.
他可以把它放在口袋里，因为这是一个很好的纪念品，但他决定把它归还。
My father, he see how honest are Americans.
我的父亲，他看到美国人是多么诚实。
It is good people.
这是好人。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : He told Lodge at one point, "You see the Americans love me.
彼得·卡尔森，作家：：他有一次告诉洛奇，“你看美国人爱我。
It's only those bastards around Eisenhower that don't like me." He was this guy who was now the biggest star on TV.
只有艾森豪威尔身边的那些混蛋不喜欢我。”他就是现在电视上最大牌的明星。
There were approximately 340 reporters accredited to the trip.
大约有 340 名记者获准参加此次旅行。
So, that doesn't count cameramen and non-reporters who came along as technicians.
因此，这不包括以技术人员身份出现的摄影师和非记者。
There were so many reporters that Khrushchev was surrounded by them.
记者太多了，赫鲁晓夫被他们包围了。
Sometimes he wished they'd get out of the way so he could see what he was supposed to see.
有时他希望他们让开，这样他就能看到他应该看到的东西。
But he was glad they were there.
但他很高兴他们在那里。
William Taubman, Historian: : They all say this was perhaps the best, most exciting story they ever covered, because it combined high tension of the Cold War with the incredible warmth of this man.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：他们都说这可能是他们报道过的最好、最激动人心的故事，因为它结合了冷战的高度紧张和这个人令人难以置信的温暖。
And there he is, you know, he wants to be loved.
他就在那里，你知道，他想要被爱。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : When American government they try to find out who want to host Khrushchev, it was the president of IBM company, Tom Watson, who told, "Yes, I want to show him my achievement.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫之子：当美国政府试图找出谁愿意接待赫鲁晓夫时，IBM公司总裁汤姆·沃森告诉他：“是的，我想向他展示我的成就。
I will hosted him." And he was touring him around this factory, showing the production of the computers.
我会接待他。”他带他参观了这家工厂，展示了计算机的生产过程。
So, my father look around this and he look-- thought, he told, "Yes, we also have computers, maybe even better than yours." For him most interesting was not the production of the computers, but the cafeteria, because it was self-service, and we didn't have this invention in the Soviet Union.
所以，我父亲环顾四周，他想，他告诉我，“是的，我们也有电脑，甚至可能比你们的更好。”对他来说，最有趣的不是计算机的生产，而是自助餐厅，因为它是自助服务，而我们在苏联没有这项发明。
Here you see the this very clean plastic tables.
在这里你可以看到这张非常干净的塑料桌子。
And you yourself bringing tray in there.
而你自己把托盘搬进来。
So, he told, "Oh, I like it." And he returned to Moscow and gave order, "Do the same as Americans doing where you have to copy that and do self-service in our cafeteria in our plants."
所以，他说：“哦，我喜欢它。”他回到莫斯科并下达命令，“像美国人一样，必须复制并在我们工厂的自助餐厅提供自助服务。”
Charles Kuralt, CBS News (archival): : What do you folks think about Nikita Khrushchev's coming to Des Moines?
查尔斯·库拉尔特（Charles Kuralt），哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：：你们对尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫来到得梅因有何看法？
Are you in favor of it?
你赞成吗？
Female Iowa Resident (archival): : Well, I think it's a wonderful thing for him to see how ordinary people live, and how we live in America.
爱荷华州女性居民（档案）： ：嗯，我认为对他来说，看到普通人如何生活以及我们在美国如何生活是一件很棒的事情。
Male Iowa Citizen (archival): : Oh yeah.
爱荷华州男性公民（档案）：：哦，是的。
I'd wave at him.
我会向他挥手。
I'd wave anyway even if I didn't like him, you know.
无论如何，即使我不喜欢他，我也会挥手，你知道。
It would be a poor wave, you know.
你知道，这将是一个糟糕的浪潮。
Charles Kuralt, CBS News (archival): : Thank you very much.
Charles Kuralt，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：：非常感谢。
So that's the way the people feel along the drug counter of Katz Drug Store.
这就是卡茨药店药品柜台旁的人们的感受。
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival): : Well, tomorrow Mr. Khrushchev goes to the Garst farm, the real object of his visit to Iowa.
沃尔特·克朗凯特，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）： ：嗯，明天赫鲁晓夫先生将前往加斯特农场，这是他访问爱荷华州的真正目的。
He had said all along he hoped to visit his old friend Roswell Garst.
他一直说他希望去拜访他的老朋友罗斯威尔·加斯特。
Our live television cameras will be on the scene tomorrow night at 8 o’clock will return with a complete report of Khrushchev on the farm.
我们的电视直播摄像机将在明晚八点到达现场，并带回赫鲁晓夫在农场的完整报道。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : Roswell Garst might have been the only man in the world who could steal a scene from Nikita Khrushchev.
彼得·卡尔森（Peter Carlson），编剧：罗斯威尔·加斯特（Roswell Garst）可能是世界上唯一一个能从尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫（Nikita Khrushchev）那里抢戏的人。
Garst was a big potbellied Iowa farmer and developer of hybrid corn.
加斯特是爱荷华州一位大腹便便的农民，也是杂交玉米的开发者。
Garst had gone to the Soviet Union and given lectures about corn.
加斯特曾前往苏联并做过有关玉米的讲座。
Garst and Khrushchev were both corn freaks.
加斯特和赫鲁晓夫都是玉米狂。
They both believed that they could feed the world with corn.
他们都相信他们可以用玉米养活世界。
And Khrushchev ended up buying some huge amount of Garst's hybrid seed corn.
赫鲁晓夫最终购买了大量加斯特的杂交玉米种子。
When Eisenhower invited him here the first thing Khrushchev said is, "I want to go to Garst's farm." And Garst was eager to have him.
当艾森豪威尔邀请赫鲁晓夫来这里时，他说的第一句话是：“我想去加斯特的农场。”加斯特渴望拥有他。
So, when he went he was surrounded by TV cameras and reporters who had gotten there a little bit before he did and wired everything for sound.
所以，当他去的时候，他周围都是电视摄像机和记者，他们比他先到了一点，并连接了所有声音。
There were TV cameras everywhere.
到处都有电视摄像机。
And Garst for some reason didn't expect this.
出于某种原因，加斯特没有预料到这一点。
He expected Khrushchev would show up with a few reporters and a translator and Henry Cabot Lodge and he could actually show them how hybrid seed corn farming worked.
他预计赫鲁晓夫会带着几名记者、一名翻译和亨利·卡伯特·洛奇出现，他可以实际向他们展示杂交玉米种子种植的运作方式。
And there were all these cockamamie reporters trampling his corn, walking all around Khrushchev.
所有这些疯狂的记者都在践踏他的玉米，在赫鲁晓夫周围走来走去。
And so, Garst got really irate.
所以，加斯特真的很生气。
And at one point he pulled a stalk of corn out of the ground and started charging the photographers.
有一次，他从地里拔出一根玉米秆，开始冲向摄影师。
"Get back.
“回来吧。
Get back."
回来吧。”
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : My father was very interested.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：我父亲非常感兴趣。
He like to visit innovators.
他喜欢拜访创新者。
No difference it was innovators in the computers, innovators in the missile industry, especially in agriculture.
没有区别的是计算机领域的创新者、导弹工业的创新者，尤其是农业领域的创新者。
So he told, "I want to see how this man working on his field." And he was very impressed.
所以他说：“我想看看这个人如何在他的领域工作。”他印象非常深刻。
He was not only impressed by the Garst seeds.
给他留下深刻印象的不仅仅是加斯特种子。
He knew them.
他认识他们。
But he was impressed of the technology.
但他对这项技术印象深刻。
But his colleagues from the leadership they told that, "You are meeting with all these capitalist, but you don't want to meet with the leaders of the communist party of the West?"
但他领导层的同事却告诉他：“你会见这些资本家，但你不想见西方共产党的领导人？”
And my father answered, "Because these businessmen will tell me something new." He looks in the America like our adversary, but same time he understood and he said that Americas is very successful country and much more successful than Russia.
我父亲回答说：“因为这些商人会告诉我一些新的东西。”他在美国看起来就像我们的对手，但同时他也明白，他说美洲是非常成功的国家，比俄罗斯成功得多。
And we have to learn from Americans.
我们必须向美国人学习。
And so, the people became more and more familiar with him.
就这样，人们对他越来越熟悉。
They very friendly crowds.
他们是非常友好的人群。
And they want to touch Khrushchev.
他们想触动赫鲁晓夫。
And he was agree with this.
他也同意这一点。
He told you want to touch me.
他告诉你想碰我。
Please, touch me." You can't show him as a devil if he was smiling person just shaking hands like any others.
请触摸我。”如果他像其他人一样微笑着只是握手，你就不能把他视为魔鬼。
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival audio): : Mr. Khrushchev had his first frankfurter--
沃尔特·克朗凯特 (Walter Cronkite)，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案音频）：：赫鲁晓夫先生迎来了他的第一个法兰克福——
Camera Man (archival): : Take a big bite.
摄影师（档案）：：咬了一大口。
Show him taking a big bite.
让他咬一大口。
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival audio): : --in the sausage making department of the packing plant.
沃尔特·克朗凯特 (Walter Cronkite)，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案音频）： : --在包装厂的香肠制作部门。
He proclaimed it good.
他宣称这很好。
He said that Soviet maybe ahead in moon rockets, but we seem to be ahead in sausage making.
他说苏联可能在登月火箭方面领先，但我们在香肠制作方面似乎领先。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : So, here he was smiling and told, "You want to use me to promote your products?
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫（Sergei Khrushchev），儿子：：那么，他在这里微笑着告诉我：“你想利用我来推销你的产品吗？
It's a good product?
这是一个好产品吗？
I'd be happy to promote it."
我很乐意宣传它。”
Peter Carlson, Writer: : I don't think he turned anybody in America into a communist, but he certainly won people over to the idea that this guy is not some kind of monster.
作家彼得·卡尔森：我不认为他把美国的任何人变成了共产主义者，但他确实让人们相信这个人并不是某种怪物。
He certainly won people over if not to the idea that communism is better, at least to the idea that this guy is a recognizable human type.
他当然赢得了人们的支持，即使不是共产主义更好的想法，至少是这个人是一种可识别的人类类型的想法。
He's one of us.
他是我们中的一员。
Susan Eisenhower, Granddaughter: : When Khrushchev got back from his whirlwind trip around the United States Eisenhower and Khrushchev ended up at Camp David.
苏珊·艾森豪威尔，孙女：：赫鲁晓夫从旋风般的美国之旅回来后，艾森豪威尔和赫鲁晓夫最终来到了戴维营。
William Taubman, Historian: : It is quite true that in 1959 the world faced the possibility of a nuclear holocaust.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：：确实，1959 年世界面临着核浩劫的可能性。
And so, this trip was an effort by the two great powers and the two great men, Eisenhower and Khrushchev, to get beyond the threats, to get beyond the images of universal death and come to some kind of understanding.
因此，这次访问是艾森豪威尔和赫鲁晓夫这两个大国和两位伟人的一次努力，目的是超越威胁、超越普遍死亡的形象并达成某种理解。
Khrushchev and Eisenhower formed a bond at Camp David and even earlier during the trip.
赫鲁晓夫和艾森豪威尔在戴维营甚至在旅行的早些时候就结下了不解之缘。
Eisenhower agreed both to a summit in Paris the next spring and a reciprocal visit to Russia the next summer.
艾森豪威尔同意明年春天在巴黎举行峰会，并同意明年夏天对俄罗斯进行互访。
And Khrushchev had been angling for that summit for four or five years.
赫鲁晓夫为了这次峰会已经四五年了。
For Khrushchev that was going to be almost as big as his trip to the United States.
对于赫鲁晓夫来说，这几乎和他的美国之行一样重要。
But if you look coldly at the diplomatic business on the table before them they actually accomplished almost nothing.
但如果你冷眼地审视他们面前的外交事务，他们实际上几乎什么也没完成。
Susan Eisenhower, Granddaughter: : They went for a walk in the woods together with only a translator and they discussed many issues that found no resolution at all.
苏珊·艾森豪威尔，孙女：：他们只和一名翻译一起在树林里散步，讨论了许多根本无法解决的问题。
And then at one point Eisenhower is reputed to have taken a power nap and when he got up he had an idea.
据称，艾森豪威尔有一次小睡了一下，当他起床时，他有了一个想法。
He decided to call up my mother and say, "Get the kids cleaned up and over to the house in a half an hour.
他决定打电话给我妈妈说：“半小时内把孩子们清理干净并送回家。
I'm bringing Khrushchev to the farm." This was the inner sanctum then.
我要带赫鲁晓夫去农场。”当时这里是内部密室。
It wasn't just a presidential retreat.
这不仅仅是总统的一次度假。
He was going to take Khrushchev to his personal home.
他要带赫鲁晓夫去他的私人住宅。
So, that was when I met the Soviet Premier.
就在那时我见到了苏联总理。
From Ike's perspective he was sending, I think, a pretty strong signal, which is that we really have to find some way out of this, because these are my grandchildren and their future is at stake.
从艾克的角度来看，我认为他发出了一个非常强烈的信号，那就是我们确实必须找到某种出路，因为这些是我的孙子，他们的未来受到威胁。
After that meeting was over and we went out to the front door and we were saying our goodbyes, Nikita Khrushchev put his hand in his pocket and produced four little red stars, which he pinned on my little dress and my siblings' clothing.
会议结束后，我们走到前门道别，尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫把手伸进口袋，拿出四颗红色小星星，别在我的小裙子和兄弟姐妹的衣服上。
And, of course, for Americans who don't know what the red star was, this was a symbol of the Soviet Union.
当然，对于不知道红星是什么的美国人来说，这是苏联的象征。
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival audio): : Well, gentlemen now that it's all over on balance was this visit a good idea?
沃尔特·克朗凯特 (Walter Cronkite)，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻 (档案音频)： 先生们，现在一切都已经结束了，这次访问是个好主意吗？
Howard K.
霍华德·K.
Smith.
史密斯.
Howard K.
霍华德·K.
Smith, CBS News (archival): : Well, I think that the people of this nation and the world were so tired of a stagnant Cold War that it lasted 14 years and so insisted on some new approach that this visit, which was a new approach, was good.
史密斯，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：嗯，我认为这个国家和世界的人民已经厌倦了持续 14 年的停滞冷战，因此坚持某种新的方式，因此这次访问，这是一种新的方式，是好的。
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival): : Blair, you've been with this Khrushchev road show from the very beginning.
沃尔特·克朗凯特，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：布莱尔，你从一开始就参与了赫鲁晓夫的路演。
Do you think he sold this bill of goods to us of peace and friendship?
你认为他把这张货单卖给我们是为了和平与友谊吗？
Well, what is the reaction of the American people?
那么，美国民众的反应是什么？
Blair Clark, CBS News (archival): : I think people in this country, generally, started out fascinated with the whole idea of this character from this other planet barnstorming this country.
布莱尔·克拉克（Blair Clark），哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：我认为这个国家的人们通常一开始就对这个来自另一个星球的角色在这个国家进行巡回演讲的整个想法着迷。
But, I think that a great many Americans after this Khrushchev visit are readier now than they were before for the an era of good feeling with the Soviet Union.
但是，我认为，在赫鲁晓夫这次访问之后，许多美国人现在比以前更愿意迎接与苏联关系良好的时代。
William Taubman, Historian: : When he returned from the United States he trumpeted his success in his American trip and the fact that Eisenhower was gonna come to the Soviet Union.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：：当他从美国回来时，他大肆宣扬美国之行的成功以及艾森豪威尔即将访问苏联的事实。
And immediately they began preparing for it.
他们立即开始准备。
They cleaned the facades of the buildings that Eisenhower would pass by.
他们清理了艾森豪威尔路过的建筑物的外墙。
They built new hotels for Eisenhower to stay at.
他们为艾森豪威尔建造了新的旅馆供其住宿。
They built a golf course in Siberia.
他们在西伯利亚建造了一个高尔夫球场。
Of course in the end Eisenhower didn't come.
当然最后艾森豪威尔没有来。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : A week before the summit and a month before Ike was scheduled to go to Russia, we sent a U-2 spy plane over Russia.
作家彼得·卡尔森：在峰会前一周，也是艾克计划前往俄罗斯的前一个月，我们派出了一架 U-2 间谍机上空。
We'd sent U-2s before and the Soviets were unable to shoot them down.
我们之前曾发射过 U-2，但苏联无法击落它们。
But on May 1st, 1960 the U-2 came over, the Russians did shoot it down,the Americans came up with a cockamamie cover story that this was a weather plane, and then Khrushchev revealed, "We've got the pilot.
但 1960 年 5 月 1 日，U-2 飞来，俄罗斯人确实将其击落，美国人编造了一个荒唐的封面故事，说这是一架气象飞机，然后赫鲁晓夫透露，“我们找到了飞行员。
We've got his pictures.
我们有他的照片。
He was spying on us."
他在监视我们。”
William Taubman, Historian: : Even after the plane was shot down and even as he gloated over having done so, he tried to protect Eisenhower by assuming publicly that Eisenhower was not responsible.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：即使在飞机被击落之后，即使他对此沾沾自喜，他也试图通过公开假设艾森豪威尔对此不负有责任来保护艾森豪威尔。
But Khrushchev taunted Eisenhower into admitting that he had authorized the flight.
但赫鲁晓夫嘲笑艾森豪威尔承认他授权了这次飞行。
And once Eisenhower admitted that he had authorized the flight Khrushchev had to cancel the reciprocal visit which allowed these great forces and misunderstandings to resume their hold over both leaders and their people.
一旦艾森豪威尔承认他授权了这次飞行，赫鲁晓夫就不得不取消互访，这使得这些巨大的力量和误解重新控制了领导人和人民。
Peter Carlson, Writer: : So, Khrushchev goes to the summit.
作家彼得·卡尔森：：赫鲁晓夫登上了顶峰。
He ruins the summit.
他毁了山顶。
He cancels Eisenhower's trip.
他取消了艾森豪威尔的行程。
And then he decides to travel to the United States again to the UN General Assembly in the fall of 1960.
然后他决定在 1960 年秋天再次前往美国参加联合国大会。
And he traveled to New York, this time without an invitation.
他还前往纽约，这次没有受到邀请。
The Americans said, "You can't leave Manhattan.
美国人说：“你不能离开曼哈顿。
You can only stay there." [He]made many, many speeches, all of them belligerent, and then finally did the gesture that most people remember, the only thing most people remember about Khrushchev.
你只能呆在那里。”[他]发表了很多很多演讲，所有演讲都充满了好战性，然后最后做出了大多数人记得的手势，这是大多数人记得的关于赫鲁晓夫的唯一一件事。
He took off his shoe and banged it on the desk.
他脱下鞋子，重重地敲在桌子上。
The only problem is there's no picture of it.
唯一的问题是没有它的图片。
But here you've got a guy who is a dictator of the power that has nuclear weapons, and yet here he is at the UN taking his shoe off like a two-year-old and banging it on the table in this horrendous temper tantrum.
但这里有一个拥有核武器的独裁者，而他却在联合国像一个两岁的孩子一样脱下鞋子，用可怕的脾气把它敲在桌子上。
And you just get the impression, oh my God, if he can do that he's perfectly capable of blowing us all up.
你会得到这样的印象，天哪，如果他能做到这一点，他完全有能力炸毁我们所有人。
William Taubman, Historian: : Khrushchev talked with gallows humor about nuclear war endlessly.
历史学家威廉·陶布曼：：赫鲁晓夫用绞刑架式的幽默没完没了地谈论核战争。
But I think that the sheer specter of the destruction that could follow nuclear strikes and counter strikes held him back.
但我认为核打击和反击可能带来的破坏的纯粹幽灵阻碍了他。
And one has to believe that one of the things that deterred him was the knowledge of the country which could suffer the impact of his missiles if he ever pressed the button.
人们必须相信，阻止他的因素之一是，如果他按下按钮，这个国家可能会受到他的导弹的影响。
The palpable reality of the Americans whose hands he had shaken and whose beer bellies he'd poked had to have increased his sense that however tense that situation was there were lines that must not be crossed.
美国人的手被他握过，他的啤酒肚被他戳过，这些显而易见的现实必定让他更加意识到，无论情况多么紧张，都有一些不能逾越的界限。
It took 30 more years to end the Cold War, and of course, for the Soviet system to disappear.
冷战又花了30年的时间才结束，当然，苏联体系也才消失。
But this was the start of it.
但这只是一切的开始。
Sergei Khrushchev, Son: : I filmed everything from the window for the car, because I was part of the team, and so I have these home movies about a trip to America.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫，儿子：：我从车窗拍摄了一切，因为我是团队的一员，所以我有这些关于美国之旅的家庭电影。
I will say it was like discovering new land.
我会说这就像发现新大陆一样。
Everything was interested: how people dressed, how they different from us or similar to us.
一切都很有趣：人们如何穿着，他们与我们有何不同或相似。
And theirs cars and and advertising, people, building, food, everything.
他们的汽车、广告、人、建筑、食物，一切。
I can say that America looks for me like a great country in 1959.
我可以说，1959 年的美国对我来说就像一个伟大的国家。
And I think that I have the same impression now when I am became American citizen.
我想当我成为美国公民时我也会有同样的印象。
It's a great country.
这是一个伟大的国家。
Watch the opening scene of Cold War Roadshow.
观看冷战路演的开场场景。
While visiting the United States with his father in 1959, Sergei Khrushchev took some time to catch butterflies.
1959年，谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫与父亲一起访问美国时，花了一些时间捕捉蝴蝶。
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev toured the IBM factory in San Jose, California.
苏联总理尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫参观了位于加利福尼亚州圣何塞的 IBM 工厂。
Nikita Khrushchev stopped by 20th Century Fox studios in Los Angeles to mingle with some of Hollywood's biggest stars.
尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫 (Nikita Khrushchev) 造访了洛杉矶 20 世纪福克斯电影公司，与一些好莱坞大牌明星进行了交流。
In 1959, at the invitation of President Eisenhower, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev toured the United States.
1959年，应艾森豪威尔总统邀请，苏联总理赫鲁晓夫访问美国。
His trip became a media spectacle.
他的旅行成为媒体关注的焦点。
In 1959, the United States Information Service filmed Nikita Khrushchev's twelve-day tour around the United States.
1959年，美国新闻处拍摄了尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫的美国十二天之旅。
When Nikita Khrushchev arrived in America, celebrations ran high.
当尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫抵达美国时，庆祝活动十分热烈。
So did tensions.
紧张局势也是如此。
In this home video, shot by Sergei Khrushchev, we see Nikita Khrushchev with advisors and family on his plane en route to America.
在这段由谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫拍摄的家庭视频中，我们看到尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫与顾问和家人在飞往美国的飞机上。
During his 1959 trip to the U.S., Khrushchev and his entourage toured the landmarks of Washington, D.C.
1959年访美期间，赫鲁晓夫一行参观了华盛顿特区的地标建筑。
Nikita Khrushchev took in the sites of 1950s New York City, and his son captured it on camera.
尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫 (Nikita Khrushchev) 拍摄了 20 世纪 50 年代纽约市的景色，他的儿子用相机捕捉到了这一点。
Sergei Khrushchev was 22 when he accompanied his father on an unprecedented American tour.
谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫 (Sergei Khrushchev) 22 岁时，陪同父亲进行了一次史无前例的美国之行。
Sergei reflects on the whirlwind, cross-country trip and his impressions of America.
谢尔盖回顾了这次旋风般的跨国旅行以及他对美国的印象。
When the Soviet premier visited the Agricultural Experiment Station in Beltsville, Maryland, he was unimpressed with the small turkeys.
当苏联总理参观马里兰州贝尔茨维尔的农业实验站时，他对小火鸡并不感兴趣。