Jesse Owens
William C.
威廉·C.
Rhoden, Writer: Jesse Owens was a model of technical perfection, the way he ran.
罗登（Rhoden），编剧：杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）是技术完美的典范，无论是他的跑步方式。
Jesse Owens was a machine.
杰西·欧文斯是一台机器。
That was in such opposition of what African American were supposed to be -- technically proficient.
这与非裔美国人应有的素质——技术精湛——背道而驰。
Adolf Hitler (archival) [German, subtitled]: I declare open the Games of Berlin, celebrating the XI Olympiad of the modern era.
阿道夫·希特勒（档案）[德语，字幕]：我宣布柏林奥运会开幕，庆祝现代第十一届奥林匹克运动会。
Margaret MacMillan, Historian: Well of course, Jesse Owens was not meant to win anything.
玛格丽特·麦克米伦，历史学家：当然，杰西·欧文斯并不是为了赢得任何东西。
The Olympics were to be a sort of symbol of German racial superiority, which to Hitler was so important, and also a symbol of how successful the Nazis were.
奥运会是德国种族优越性的象征，这对希特勒来说非常重要，也是纳粹有多成功的象征。
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: There were voluminous warnings concerning Nazi philosophy, intentions, the character of Adolf Hitler, and the people that he was surrounding himself with.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹：关于纳粹哲学、意图、阿道夫·希特勒的性格以及他周围的人，有大量警告。
Jesse Owens stated that, "If there are minorities in Germany who are being discriminated against, the United States should withdraw from the 1936 Olympics."
杰西·欧文斯表示，“如果德国有少数族裔受到歧视，美国就应该退出1936年奥运会。”
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: It's the height of the Depression.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：这是大萧条的最严重时期。
And he's a black man in a country in which he is afforded very few opportunities.
他是一个黑人，在一个他获得的机会很少的国家。
For Jesse Owens, the 1936 Olympics are everything.
对于杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 来说，1936 年奥运会就是一切。
Without those Olympics, who knows what's in store for Jesse Owens.
如果没有那些奥运会，谁知道杰西·欧文斯将会面临什么。
This is his opportunity to become a hero, an enduring hero.
这是他成为英雄、不朽英雄的机会。
William C.
威廉·C.
Rhoden, Writer: Track and field, on our landscape of sports, was probably the most heroic, it was the purest, it was basically the American ideal.
作家罗登：在我们的体育界中，田径运动可能是最英雄的，它是最纯粹的，它基本上是美国的理想。
And there was still something to be said then about who's the fastest person.
关于谁是最快的人，还有一些话要说。
There was something about going to the Olympics and being the fastest person in the world.
参加奥运会并成为世界上跑得最快的人是有一定意义的。
J eremy Schaap, Writer: In the 1930s, the country was much closer to its frontier roots, there were so many millions of people who had grown up going to county fairs and state fairs where there were races.
作家杰里米·沙普 (Jeremy Schaap)：在 20 世纪 30 年代，这个国家更接近它的边疆根源，有数百万人是在参加有比赛的县集市和州集市长大的。
And the simple foot race was something that people could appreciate in a way that later generations don't appreciate.
而简单的竞走却是人们能够以一种后人所不欣赏的方式欣赏的东西。
Narrator: As a child, Jesse Owens raced other kids from his Cleveland neighborhood on city sidewalks.
旁白：杰西·欧文斯小时候，曾在城市人行道上与克利夫兰社区的其他孩子赛跑。
He was the youngest of 10 children born to sharecroppers who had migrated north from Alabama.
他是从阿拉巴马州向北迁移的佃农所生的 10 个孩子中最小的一个。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: The world that Jesse grew up in was an accomodationist world.
历史学家贝克：杰西长大的世界是一个适应主义的世界。
These are people who have to cooperate with the white power structure to survive.
这些人必须与白人权力结构合作才能生存。
And it began in Alabama.
它始于阿拉巴马州。
They had to be obedient and they had to be deferential.
他们必须服从，必须恭敬。
And Jesse early on learned to smile to get his way.
杰西很早就学会了用微笑来达到自己的目的。
And that carried right into his adulthood.
这一直延续到他的成年时期。
Narrator: For young Jesse, running was freedom.
旁白：对于年轻的杰西来说，跑步就是自由。
"You could go in any direction, fast or slow as you wanted," he once said, "fighting the wind if you felt like it…
“你可以朝任何方向走，无论快慢，只要你愿意，”他曾经说过，“如果你愿意的话，可以与风抗争......
just on the strength of your feet and the courage of your lungs."
就靠你双脚的力量和你肺部的勇气。”
In junior high school, a gym teacher, Charles Riley, noticed his natural talents.
初中时，体育老师查尔斯·莱利注意到了他的天赋。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: Charles Riley became a kind of father figure for Jesse.
贝克，历史学家：查尔斯·莱利成为杰西的父亲般的人物。
So much so, that for years on Sunday afternoons, Charles Riley would go and fetch Jesse in the old Model-T Ford, and bring him to his home for dinner.
多年来，查尔斯·赖利 (Charles Riley) 都会在周日下午去接杰西，开着那辆旧 T 型福特车，带他回家吃晚饭。
Jesse, in his adulthood, becomes a very well-mannered, smooth -- he's a smooth operator.
杰西成年后，变得非常有礼貌、圆滑——他是一个圆滑的操作员。
And much of that came from the dinner table of Charles Riley.
其中大部分来自查尔斯·莱利的餐桌。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: One of the things Charles Riley told Jesse Owens was "never look to your left or right, never look behind you, that's wasted effort, it's only gonna slow you down.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：查尔斯·莱利（Charles Riley）告诉杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）的一件事是“永远不要向左或向右看，永远不要向后看，那是浪费精力，只会减慢你的速度。
Look at the horses, you don't see them looking left or right or behind them, they just keep running."
看看那些马，你看不到它们向左、向右或向后看，它们只是继续奔跑。”
Narrator: By the time he was in high school, Jesse had begun to make a name for himself.
旁白：当杰西上高中时，他已经开始出名了。
He quickly became a star in the 100 and 200 meters, the broad jump and the hurdles.
他很快成为100米、200米、跳远和跨栏比赛的明星。
Guy Walters, Writer: Unsurprisingly, Owens was wooed by an enormous number of colleges.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：毫不奇怪，欧文斯受到了大量大学的青睐。
I mean, it was almost like a beauty parade; but Ohio State were the lucky ones to get him, and that's where he ended up.
我的意思是，这几乎就像一场选美游行；但俄亥俄州立大学很幸运地得到了他，这就是他最终的结局。
William C.
威廉·C.
Rhoden, Writer: Jesse Owens would be the greatest athlete at a great track school, but there's still race.
罗登（Rhoden），作家：杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）将成为一流田径学校中最伟大的运动员，但比赛仍然存在。
Outside of track there's still certain things that you cannot do because you are a black person.
在赛道之外，仍然有一些事情是你不能做的，因为你是黑人。
Marlene Owens Rankin, Daughter: They would cover many miles going from one track meet to another, mainly in the Midwest, and there were times when they would have to stop for food and the black athletes could not be served in the restaurants.
马琳·欧文斯·兰金（Marlene Owens Rankin），女儿：他们要从一场田径比赛跑到另一场田径比赛，主要是在中西部，有时他们不得不停下来吃饭，而餐馆却无法为黑人运动员提供服务。
Narrator: As a black student, Owens wasn't allowed to live on the Ohio State campus.
旁白：作为一名黑人学生，欧文斯不被允许住在俄亥俄州立大学校园里。
As he would throughout his life, Owens chose to ignore the racist policy.
正如他一生所做的那样，欧文斯选择忽视种族主义政策。
For him the track was a great equalizer.
对他来说，这条赛道是一个很好的均衡器。
And there, Owens excelled.
欧文斯在这方面表现出色。
Louis Zamperini, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: He was just a, really a graceful piece of a guy.
路易斯·赞佩里尼 (Louis Zamperini)，1936 年美国奥运代表队：他是一个非常优雅的人。
He was just -- nothing bothered him.
他只是——没有什么能让他烦恼。
Somebody made a racial slur against him, and he'd say "that’s his problem, not mine." So Jesse was great for returning, you might say, good for evil.
有人对他进行种族歧视，他会说“那是他的问题，不是我的”。所以杰西的回归非常棒，你可能会说，以善报恶。
Narrator: At Ohio State, he was taken under the wing of an innovative coach, Larry Snyder.
旁白：在俄亥俄州立大学，他受到一位富有创新精神的教练拉里·斯奈德（Larry Snyder）的照顾。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: His methods were unorthodox.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：他的方法是非正统的。
One of the things that he was best known for was having his athletes train to the strains of music on the phonograph.
他最出名的事情之一就是让他的运动员随着留声机上的音乐进行训练。
He thought it helped them develop rhythm in their strides.
他认为这有助于他们培养步伐的节奏。
Narrator: Snyder made sure Owens was elected captain of the track team -- the first black to lead a sports team in school history -- and pushed him relentlessly to perfect his technique.
旁白：斯奈德确保欧文斯当选为田径队队长——学校历史上第一位领导运动队的黑人——并不懈地督促他完善自己的技术。
First Reporter (archival audio): Jesse Owens, Ohio State marvel ties the meet records with…
第一记者（档案音频）：俄亥俄州立大学的杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）将比赛记录与......
Second Reporter (archival audio): Jesse Owens of Ohio State set up a new world record for the 220-yards…
第二位记者（档案音频）：俄亥俄州立大学的杰西·欧文斯创造了 220 码的新世界纪录……
Third Reporter (archival audio): One hundred-meter dash, Owens again covers himself with glory, as he…
记者三（档案音频）：百米冲刺，欧文斯再次荣耀，因为他……
Narrator: On the eve of Owens's most important competition so far, the 1935 Big Ten Championship, Owens was horsing around with teammates when he fell down a flight of stairs, injuring his back.
旁白：在欧文斯迄今为止最重要的比赛（1935 年十大联盟锦标赛）前夕，欧文斯在与队友嬉闹时从楼梯上摔下来，背部受伤。
Larry Snyder told him to withdraw.
拉里·斯奈德让他退出。
But Jesse refused.
但杰西拒绝了。
Jesse Owens (archival audio): As I tried to get down on my mark I felt this pain, still in my back, and then when he said "set," I came up.
杰西·欧文斯（档案音频）：当我试图停下来时，我感到背部仍然疼痛，然后当他说“开始”时，我就站了起来。
The gun went off.
枪响了。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: One of the remarkable things about Jesse Owens is how injury, pressure, circumstances which might make another man wilt really steeled his nerves and concentrated all of his talents.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）的非凡之处之一是，伤病、压力和可能使另一个人萎靡不振的环境确实让他坚强起来，并集中了他所有的才能。
What Jesse Owens achieves at Ferry Field in Ann Arbor is arguably the most spectacular achievement ever in sports.
杰西·欧文斯在安娜堡渡轮场取得的成就可以说是体育史上最引人注目的成就。
He set three brand new world records in the 220-yard dash, the 220-yard hurdles and the broad jump.
他在220码短跑、220码跨栏和跳远项目中创造了三项全新的世界纪录。
And, by the way, he's equaled the world record in the 100-yard dash.
顺便说一句，他还追平了 100 码短跑的世界纪录。
All in less than an hour, at a time when most people thought he should be back in bed nursing a sore back.
这一切发生在不到一个小时的时间里，当时大多数人都认为他应该回到床上治疗背部酸痛。
He becomes the great hope as the games of the 11th Olympiad approach.
随着第11届奥运会的临近，他成为了最大的希望。
Hilmar Dressler, Spectator [German, subtitled]: And there, in the sports section of our Dresden newspaper it said, plain as day, "four world records."
希尔玛·德雷斯勒（Hilmar Dressler），《观众》[德语，字幕]：我们德累斯顿报纸的体育版块一字不漏地写着“四项世界纪录”。
And then I read the name Jesse Owens for the first time.
然后我第一次读到杰西·欧文斯这个名字。
Oh-vens, as we Germans would probably pronounce it.
Oh-vens，我们德国人可能会这么发音。
Narrator: Five years earlier, the International Olympic Committee had chosen Berlin as host city for the 1936 Olympics.
旁白：五年前，国际奥委会选择柏林作为1936年奥运会的主办城市。
Since then, Germany had witnessed the rise to power of the Nazi Party and its leader, Adolf Hitler.
从那时起，德国见证了纳粹党及其领导人阿道夫·希特勒的崛起。
Now Hitler's propaganda minister, Joseph Goebbels, planned to use the games to the Nazis' advantage.
现在，希特勒的宣传部长约瑟夫·戈培尔计划利用奥运会为纳粹谋取利益。
Guy Walters, Writer: Initially, Hitler doesn't like the idea of the Olympics.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：最初，希特勒不喜欢奥运会的想法。
He rejects it as, I quote, 'a Jewish niggerfest.' And that’s what he calls it.
我引用他的话说，他拒绝承认这是“犹太黑鬼节”。他就是这么称呼它的。
It takes Goebbels to make him realize that actually this is a great opportunity for the Germans to show that the 'Nordic superman' is actually superior to all these other types of people.
戈培尔让他意识到，实际上这是德国人展示“北欧超人”实际上优于所有其他类型的人的绝佳机会。
Narrator: Hitler insisted that his Aryan athletes would jump higher, run faster, and prove themselves the best in the world.
旁白：希特勒坚持认为他的雅利安运动员会跳得更高，跑得更快，并证明自己是世界上最好的。
He made German domination at the Olympics a national goal.
他将德国在奥运会上的统治作为国家目标。
Adolf Hitler (archival) [German, subtitled]: What we ask of German youth of the future is different from the past.
阿道夫·希特勒（档案）[德语，字幕]：我们对未来德国青年的要求与过去不同。
German youth must be slender and lean, swift as greyhounds, tough as leather, hard as Krupp steel.
德国青年必须苗条、精干、敏捷如灰狗、坚韧如皮革、坚硬如克虏伯钢铁。
Margaret MacMillan, Historian: Black people were not meant to be able to compete with Aryans.
历史学家玛格丽特·麦克米伦：黑人本来就没有能力与雅利安人竞争。
How could they?
他们怎么能呢？
For Hitler and the Nazis this was not the way their very careful script was going to play out.
对于希特勒和纳粹来说，这不是他们精心策划的剧本的上演方式。
What their script was, was the triumph of the Aryan race, the triumph of Nazi Germany.
他们的剧本是雅利安种族的胜利，纳粹德国的胜利。
Theodor Michael, Spectator [German, subtitled]: When I was 10, all my school buddies went to the Jungvolk, which was the section of the Hitler Youth for younger boys.
Theodor Michael，观众 [德语，字幕]：当我 10 岁的时候，我所有的同学都去了 Jungvolk，这是希特勒青年团为年轻男孩设立的部门。
Everybody said, "You have to go there!
大家都说：“你一定要去那里！
You have to come with us!
你必须跟我们一起去！
It is great!" And when I got there I was sent away, sent away in shame and disgrace.
太棒了！”当我到达那里时，我被送走了，带着耻辱和耻辱被送走了。
For the first time, I became aware of the difference between an Aryan and a Non-Aryan.
我第一次意识到雅利安人和非雅利安人之间的区别。
Reporter (archival audio): King of the track!
记者（档案音频）：赛道之王！
Ohio State's Jesse Owens makes history in the national collegiate games at Berkeley, California.
俄亥俄州立大学的杰西·欧文斯在加利福尼亚州伯克利举行的全国大学运动会上创造了历史。
This is the 220.
这是220。
Owens, third from right, already has won the hundred, and is out to cop this one, too.
欧文斯（右三）已经赢得了一百场比赛，并且也准备应对这一挑战。
Just a streak of dark lightening as he bounds up the track from California down to…
当他沿着赛道从加利福尼亚州跳到……时，只有一道黑暗的闪电。
Narrator: A year out from the Olympic games, Jesse Owens went from Midwest college sensation to national celebrity.
旁白：奥运会结束一年后，杰西·欧文斯从中西部大学轰动一时，成为全国名人。
He left his girlfriend Ruth Solomon and their young daughter behind, and for the first time in his life, traveled west of the Mississippi.
他抛下女友露丝·所罗门和年幼的女儿，生平第一次前往密西西比河以西。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: The trip to California was very important for Jesse Owens.
历史学家贝克：加州之行对杰西·欧文斯来说非常重要。
He came into a world that he had never known, and that was an affluent world.
他来到了一个他从来不知道的世界，那是一个富裕的世界。
It was in some ways a glitzy world, and he was distracted by the new world that he had come in contact with in California.
从某些方面来说，这是一个光彩夺目的世界，他被在加利福尼亚接触到的新世界分散了注意力。
Guy Walters, Writer: He so finds that he's got quite a few female fans are attracted to him, and one of them's called Quincella Nickerson, and she's the daughter of this very wealthy businessman, and I think she represents to Jesse, a type of figure, a type of society figure, that he's never encountered before.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：他发现自己有不少女粉丝被他吸引，其中一个叫昆塞拉·尼克森（Quincella Nickerson），她是一位非常富有的商人的女儿，我认为她代表了杰西，一种他以前从未遇到过的人物，一种社会人物。
And he's soon stepping out with her.
他很快就会和她一起出去。
Narrator: Back in Cleveland, Ruth Solomon got word of Jesse's new social life in California.
旁白：回到克利夫兰，露丝·所罗门得知杰西在加利福尼亚州的新社交生活。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: Ruth sends him a threatening letter, "If you're not coming home right now, and we're not getting married right now, forget about it.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：露丝给他发了一封威胁信，“如果你现在不回家，而且我们现在也不结婚，那就别想了。
I'm done with you."
我和你已经结束了。”
Narrator: At the same time Owens acquired his first real rival on the track, Eulace Peacock of Temple University.
旁白：与此同时，欧文斯遇到了他在赛道上的第一个真正的对手，天普大学的尤拉斯·皮科克。
Peacock, a faster starter and even better finisher, began beating Owens in one race after the other.
皮科克是一位速度更快的起步者，也是更好的终结者，他开始在一场又一场的比赛中击败欧文斯。
Guy Walters, Writer: He starts losing races; he's out of shape.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：他开始输掉比赛；他身体不好。
It doesn't go well, you know, celebrity and sporting ability, it's a very, very hard mix to get right, Jesse, in this instance, just doesn't get it right at all.
你知道，名人和运动能力的结合并不顺利，这是一个非常非常难的组合，杰西，在这种情况下，根本就没有做好。
Narrator: In Nebraska, an astonished crowd watched Peacock tie the world record in the 100 meters, as Owens placed third.
旁白：在内布拉斯加州，一群人惊讶地看着孔雀在 100 米赛跑中追平了世界纪录，而欧文斯获得了第三名。
In Ontario, Peacock sailed past Owens again in the 100 meters.
在安大略省，孔雀在100米比赛中再次超越了欧文斯。
When Owens lost to Peacock in a third matchup, the Associated Press picked Peacock as the favorite to win the Olympic gold in Berlin.
当欧文斯在第三场比赛中输给皮科克时，美联社认为皮科克是赢得柏林奥运会金牌的热门人选。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: If anything, Jesse Owens peaked too soon, and some of his supporters feared that Peacock would conquer Jesse in one or two of the events for the Olympic team.
历史学家贝克：如果说有什么不同的话，那就是杰西·欧文斯达到顶峰太早了，他的一些支持者担心孔雀会在奥运会代表队的一两项比赛中击败杰西。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: He's suddenly torn because he is having a good time.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：他突然很伤心，因为他玩得很开心。
And he's losing races now, which, he should not be losing.
他现在正在输掉比赛，这是他不应该输的。
Narrator: Owens decided to return home.
旁白：欧文斯决定回家。
The same day he arrived in Cleveland, he and Ruth were married.
在他抵达克利夫兰的同一天，他和露丝就结婚了。
Jesse settled into a strict training program to prepare for the Olympics.
杰西制定了严格的训练计划，为奥运会做准备。
But far from Ohio, events were unfolding that would soon thrust Owens to the center of a national controversy.
但在远离俄亥俄州的地方，正在发生的事件很快就会将欧文斯推向全国争议的中心。
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: There were broad-scale discussions in Europe, in the United States, in Canada about whether or not teams should go to Berlin to participate in those games.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹：在欧洲、美国和加拿大，关于球队是否应该去柏林参加这些比赛进行了广泛的讨论。
There were warnings about the absolutely vile and explosive anti-Semitism that was coming out of the Nazi regime -- so it's not like this wasn't obvious.
有人对纳粹政权中绝对邪恶和爆炸性的反犹太主义发出了警告——所以这并不是不明显的。
Rafael Medoff, Historian: During this period America and Germany still had cordial diplomatic and economic relations, which the Roosevelt administration did not want to upset.
历史学家拉斐尔·梅多夫：在此期间，美国和德国仍然保持着友好的外交和经济关系，罗斯福政府不想破坏这种关系。
So the government's position was to take part in the Games.
所以政府的立场是参加奥运会。
But a growing movement of Americans, cutting across all religious and racial boundaries, urged U.S. athletes to boycott the Berlin Olympics.
但越来越多的美国人跨越所有宗教和种族界限，敦促美国运动员抵制柏林奥运会。
Fiorello LaGuardia, Mayor of New York (archival): I'm here this evening, to join, with my fellow New Yorkers, in a great protest, not against the German people, but against the present German government.
纽约市长菲奥雷洛·拉瓜迪亚（档案）：今晚我来到这里，与我的纽约同胞一起进行一场伟大的抗议，不是针对德国人民，而是针对现德国政府。
Narrator: Owens had never seen himself as a spokesman.
旁白：欧文斯从未将自己视为发言人。
But as the movement for a boycott grew, the NAACP convinced Owens to take a public stand.
但随着抵制运动的兴起，全国有色人种协进会说服欧文斯采取公开立场。
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: Jesse Owens stated that, "If there are minorities in Germany, who are being discriminated against, the United States should withdraw from the 1936 Olympics." That was his expressed sentiment.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹（Harry Edwards）：杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）表示，“如果德国有少数民族受到歧视，美国就应该退出 1936 年奥运会。”这是他所表达的情感。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: But he gets a stern talking to from Larry Snyder, telling him, "You know, what are you crazy?
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），编剧：但拉里·斯奈德对他进行了严厉的谈话，告诉他：“你知道吗，你疯了什么？
This is your chance, you have to seize this opportunity.
这是你的机会，你一定要抓住这个机会。
You're going to the Olympics."
你要去参加奥运会。”
Volker Kluge, Writer [German, subtitled]: The outrage in the U.S. forced the American Olympic Committee to send a delegation to examine conditions in Germany.
沃尔克·克鲁格，作家[德语，字幕]：美国的愤怒迫使美国奥委会派出一个代表团前往德国考察情况。
However, the commission consisted of only one man: Avery Brundage, President of the AOC.
然而，该委员会只有一个人：AOC 主席艾弗里·布伦戴奇 (Avery Brundage)。
Narrator: Avery Brundage was not only the president of the American Olympic Committee, which oversaw relations between the U.S. Olympic team and the International Olympic Committee, but had strong ties to the AAU -- the Amateur Athletic Union -- the governing body for all amateur sports in the United States.
旁白：艾弗里·布伦戴奇不仅是负责监督美国奥林匹克代表队和国际奥委会之间关系的美国奥委会主席，而且与美国所有业余体育运动的管理机构——AAU（业余田径联盟）有着密切的联系。
Rafael Medoff, Historian: Avery Brundage was an admirer of Nazi Germany.
拉斐尔·梅多夫，历史学家：艾弗里·布伦戴奇是纳粹德国的崇拜者。
He was someone who believed that there was a Jewish Communist conspiracy to keep America out of the Games.
他相信犹太共产主义阴谋阻止美国参加奥运会。
Narrator: Brundage returned from his trip and declared the Nazis to be fit Olympic hosts.
旁白：布伦戴奇旅行归来，宣布纳粹成为奥运会主办国。
He criticized supporters of the boycott, calling them "Un-American alien agitators" and "stooges," and pressured American athletes to put representing their country above all else.
他批评抵制活动的支持者，称他们为“非美国的外星人煽动者”和“走狗”，并向美国运动员施压，要求他们将代表自己的国家置于一切之上。
The U.S. boycott fizzled.
美国的抵制活动以失败告终。
Avery Brundage (archival): The Olympic Games belong to the athletes, and not to the politicians, and speaking for the American Olympic Committee, I can say definitely that there will be teams representing the United States in the 1936 Games.
艾弗里·布伦戴奇（档案）：奥运会属于运动员，而不是政治家，代表美国奥委会，我可以肯定地说，将会有代表美国参加1936年奥运会的球队。
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: Once that decision was made, people who had sentiments to the contrary, including Jesse Owens, were simply instructed to essentially shut up and represent the United States of America.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹：一旦做出决定，那些持相反观点的人，包括杰西·欧文斯，就被指示基本上闭嘴并代表美利坚合众国。
Narrator: On the sunny morning of July 15th, 1936, 383 American athletes boarded a ship in New York bound for Berlin.
旁白：1936年7月15日一个阳光明媚的早晨，383名美国运动员在纽约登上一艘开往柏林的轮船。
Owens seemed eager to focus on sports rather than politics.
欧文斯似乎渴望关注体育而不是政治。
Reporter (archival audio): Just before he sailed for the Olympic Games, track star Jesse Owens, Ohio's athletic wonder, made the following statement.
记者（档案音频）：俄亥俄州田径明星杰西·欧文斯在参加奥运会之前发表了以下声明。
Jesse Owens (archival): I'm going to try to bring back three crowns.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：我将努力夺回三冠。
Medals in the 100 meters, 200 meters, and the broad jump.
100米、200米和跳远的奖牌。
Narrator: Rival Eulace Peacock, Owens's main competition, had sustained an injury and didn't make the trip.
旁白：欧文斯的主要竞争对手尤拉斯·皮科克因伤未能成行。
Sprinter Ralph Metcalfe took his place on a team that was the most diverse in the history of the Olympics.
短跑运动员拉尔夫·梅特卡夫 (Ralph Metcalfe) 加入了一支奥运会历史上最多元化的队伍。
Guy Walters, Writer: Despite the fact that America's a very segregated society racially, the actual integration on board that boat is almost the least talked about element of that boat ride.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：尽管美国是一个种族隔离非常严重的社会，但船上的实际融合几乎是乘船旅行中最少被谈论的元素。
You've got this microcosm in which race doesn't seem to play a part at all.
在这个缩影中，种族似乎根本不起作用。
And I think that's an absolutely, a wonderful thing.
我认为这绝对是一件美妙的事情。
And I think that someone like Jesse must've felt absolutely delighted, and indeed liberated along with the other black athletes.
我认为像杰西这样的人一定感到非常高兴，并且确实与其他黑人运动员一起获得了解放。
Reporter (archival audio): Even before the start, the weight lifting boys are having a training spell.
记者（档案音频）：在开始之前，举重男孩们就已经开始训练了。
They want to be tops among the 22 teams.
他们希望成为22支球队中的佼佼者。
Sampling the deck track, America's triple champion, Jesse Owens.
美国三重冠军杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 在甲板赛道上进行采样。
Narrator: "In the early 1830s," Owens wrote, "my ancestors were brought on a boat across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to America as slaves for men who felt they had a right to own other men.
旁白：“在 1830 年代初期，”欧文斯写道，“我的祖先被乘船横渡大西洋，从非洲带到美洲，成为那些认为自己有权拥有其他人的人的奴隶。
I boarded a boat to go back across the Atlantic Ocean to do battle with Adolf Hitler.
我乘船穿越大西洋返回，与阿道夫·希特勒并肩作战。
As the last traces of land vanished, I knew that we were moving further and further from America, and that I wouldn't see it again until I had won, or I had lost."
当最后的陆地痕迹消失时，我知道我们离美国越来越远，除非我赢了，否则我就不会再看到它了，或者我输了。”
Iris Cummings Critchell, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: We were delighted to finally get to where we were going.
Iris Cummings Critchell，1936 年美国奥运代表队：我们很高兴终于到达了目的地。
There were lots of people turned out to see the U.S. team.
很多人都来看美国队。
Rainer Rother, Historian [German, Subtitled]: Not only was the city decorated with Olympic flags and swastika banners, not only were there many events celebrating the Olympic Games, but also all traces of anti-Semitic propaganda had been removed.
历史学家莱纳·罗瑟（德语，字幕）：这座城市不仅挂满了奥林匹克旗帜和纳粹标志横幅，不仅举办了许多庆祝奥运会的活动，而且所有反犹太主义宣传的痕迹都被清除了。
Even the national socialist newspapers did not have any anti-Semitic headlines during the Olympic Games.
就连国家社会主义报纸在奥运会期间也没有任何反犹太主义的头条新闻。
David Clay Large, Historian: The Nazi Regime tried to project an image of tolerance.
历史学家戴维·克莱·拉奇（David Clay Large）：纳粹政权试图塑造宽容的形象。
But if you look at the situation closely, you see the oppression was going on, full-bore.
但如果你仔细观察情况，就会发现镇压正在全面进行。
Narrator: The previous year, the Nazi regime had introduced the Nuremburg Laws, which excluded Jews from German citizenship, prohibited marriage between Jews and non-Jews, and deprived Jews of most political rights.
旁白：前一年，纳粹政权出台了《纽伦堡法》，排除犹太人德国公民身份，禁止犹太人与非犹太人通婚，剥夺犹太人大部分政治权利。
That aspect of German life was not on display as the Berlin Games opened on August 1st, 1936.
1936 年 8 月 1 日柏林奥运会开幕时，德国生活的这一面并没有展现出来。
David Clay Large, Historian: The opening was a big moment for the Games.
历史学家大卫·克莱·拉奇（David Clay Large）：开幕式对于奥运会来说是一个重要时刻。
Hitler himself came to the opening ceremony.
希特勒亲自出席了开幕式。
He swept out from the Reich's chancellery in this enormous motorcade.
他率领这支庞大的车队冲出了帝国总理府。
The whole street was lined on both sides with people.
整条街两边都站满了人。
There were swastika banners and Olympic flags all along.
一直都有纳粹标志横幅和奥林匹克旗帜。
There was much shouting, and screaming, and throwing of flowers, and sieg heil-ing.
到处都是喊叫声、尖叫声、扔花声、围攻声。
It was delirium.
这是谵妄。
Narrator: In Berlin's massive new stadium, thousands of visitors from around the world witnessed a spectacular opening ceremony.
旁白：在柏林巨大的新体育场里，来自世界各地的数千名游客见证了一场壮观的开幕式。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: It's described by Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist who was there, as an almost religious event.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：当时在场的美国小说家托马斯·沃尔夫（Thomas Wolfe）将其描述为一场近乎宗教的事件。
The crowd screaming, swaying in unison, begging for Hitler.
人群尖叫着，齐声摇摆，乞求希特勒。
There was something scary about it, this cult of personality.
这种个人崇拜有些可怕。
Adolf Hitler (archival) [German, subtitled]: I declare open the Games of Berlin, celebrating the XI Olympiad of the modern era.
阿道夫·希特勒（档案）[德语，字幕]：我宣布柏林奥运会开幕，庆祝现代第十一届奥林匹克运动会。
David Wallechinsky, Writer: Hitler wanted to be on top in his box overlooking everything, like, as if this was his celebration, this was his event.
大卫·沃勒钦斯基（David Wallechinsky），编剧：希特勒想站在他的包厢顶上俯瞰一切，就好像这是他的庆祝活动，这是他的事件。
He wanted to be glorified.
他想要得到荣耀。
That was part of it.
这是其中的一部分。
Louis Zamperini, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: We're all standing on the infield, the grass, all lined up military style.
路易斯·赞佩里尼 (Louis Zamperini)，1936 年美国奥运代表队：我们都站在内场、草地上，一排排都是军人风格。
They released 25,000 pigeons, they said.
他们说，他们放飞了 25,000 只鸽子。
The sky was clouded with pigeons.
天空布满了鸽子。
And the pigeons circled overhead and then they shot a cannon and they scared the poop out of the pigeons.
鸽子在头顶盘旋，然后他们发射一门大炮，把鸽子吓得拉屎了。
And we had straw hats, flat straw hats.
我们还有草帽，平顶草帽。
You could hear the pitter patter on our hats.
你可以听到我们帽子上的啪嗒声。
But we felt sorry for the women because they got it in their hair.
但我们为这些女性感到遗憾，因为她们的头发上沾染了这种病毒。
But I mean it was a mass of droppings, and I tell you it was so funny.
但我的意思是那是一大堆粪便，我告诉你这太有趣了。
Iris Cummings Critchell, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: Once we were all in place, then the torchbearer ran in through the tunnel to go around the stadium.
艾里斯·卡明斯·克里切尔 (Iris Cummings Criitchell)，1936 年美国奥运代表队：我们就位后，火炬手就穿过隧道跑进体育场，绕过体育场。
David Clay Large, Historian: This was the first time it had ever been done.
历史学家戴维·克莱·拉奇（David Clay Large）：这是第一次这样做。
The Nazis invented the concept of the torch run from ancient Olympia to the host city.
纳粹发明了火炬从古奥林匹亚跑到主办城市的概念。
This young man ran up the steps all the way up to the top of the stadium there to light a cauldron which would start this eternal flame that would burn for the duration of the Games.
这位年轻人一路跑上台阶，到达体育场的顶部，点燃了一个圣火盆，这将点燃这将在奥运会期间燃烧的永恒火焰。
Narrator: The 100-meter race -- the highlight of modern Olympic Games, was Jesse Owens' best event.
旁白：现代奥运会的重头戏——100米赛跑，是杰西·欧文斯的最佳项目。
But the stakes were high: a slow start or a faulty step would mean the difference between losing and being crowned the world's fastest man.
但赌注很高：缓慢的起步或错误的一步将意味着失去和加冕世界跑得最快的人之间的区别。
Guy Walters, Writer: We've got, you know, people like Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi propaganda minister, looking at Jesse Owens, and he says, you know, quite openly, I think it's unfair, to have people like Jesse Owens competing, because you might as well have deer or gazelle on your team.
盖伊·沃尔特斯，作家：你知道，我们有像纳粹宣传部长约瑟夫·戈培尔这样的人，他看着杰西·欧文斯，他说，你知道，相当公开地，我认为让像杰西·欧文斯这样的人参加比赛是不公平的，因为你的团队中可能还有鹿或瞪羚。
Hilmar Dressler, Spectator [German, subtitled]: The atmosphere in the stadium is quite extraordinary.
Hilmar Dressler，观众[德语，字幕]：体育场内的气氛非常非凡。
Before the start there is anticipation and silence.
比赛开始前，一片期待，一片寂静。
All you can hear is the starter's voice.
你能听到的只是发令员的声音。
Narrator: Owens's main competitors were the German runner Erich Borchmeyer and his teammate Ralph Metcalfe.
旁白：欧文斯的主要竞争对手是德国跑步运动员埃里希·博尔赫迈耶和他的队友拉尔夫·梅特卡夫。
Reporter (archival audio) [German, subtitled]: At the start, the athletes are toeing the line.
记者（档案音频）[德语，字幕]：比赛开始时，运动员们都在遵守规则。
Now the start.
现在开始。
Ready.
准备好。
Set.
放。
Go!
去！
The Dutch runner is leading, now Jesse Owens is closing in, Metcalfe is trailing, Borchmeyer is fighting desperately.
荷兰选手领先，现在杰西·欧文斯正在逼近，梅特卡夫落后，博奇迈耶正在拼命战斗。
Owens is closing in on the finishing line with a large lead.
欧文斯以巨大的领先优势逼近终点线。
First Owens.
首先是欧文斯。
Second Metcalfe.
第二个梅特卡夫。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: Jesse Owens wins in 10.3 seconds, equaling the world record.
杰里米·沙普 (Jeremy Schaap)，作家：杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 以 10.3 秒获胜，追平了世界纪录。
And now he can breathe.
现在他可以呼吸了。
Jesse Owens (archival): I'm very glad to have won the 100 meters at the Olympic games here in Berlin.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：我很高兴能够在柏林奥运会上赢得 100 米比赛的冠军。
A very beautiful place, and a very beautiful setting.
一个非常美丽的地方，一个非常美丽的环境。
The competition was grand and we’re very glad to come out on top.
比赛非常激烈，我们很高兴能够获得冠军。
Thank you very kindly.
非常感谢您。
Narrator: Tradition called for the leader of the host country to congratulate the gold medal winner, but Hitler refused to greet Owens.
旁白：传统上要求东道国领导人向金牌获得者表示祝贺，但希特勒拒绝向欧文斯致意。
"Do you really think," the German leader said, "I will allow myself to be photographed shaking hands with a Negro?"
这位德国领导人说：“你真的认为我会允许自己被拍到与黑人握手吗？”
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: The snub of Jesse Owens by Adolf Hitler gave the press a hook to really excoriate Adolf Hitler.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹：阿道夫·希特勒对杰西·欧文斯的冷落给媒体提供了真正痛斥阿道夫·希特勒的机会。
And to push Jesse Owens to the fore as the man who essentially stuck a thumb in the eye of the Nazi leader and his theories of Aryan superiority.
并将杰西·欧文斯推向前台，因为他本质上是对纳粹领导人及其雅利安人优越论表示不满。
Louis Stokes, Cleveland Resident: As an African American, all of us shared the snubbery by Hitler of Jesse Owens.
克利夫兰居民路易斯·斯托克斯：作为一名非裔美国人，我们所有人都受到希特勒对杰西·欧文斯的冷落。
Jesse was ours.
杰西是我们的。
He was us.
他就是我们。
He was me.
他就是我。
And when Hitler snubbed him -- he snubbed every one of us.
当希特勒冷落他时——他冷落了我们每一个人。
Slate: Olympic Games 1936, Day Three: Long Jump
石板：1936 年奥运会，第三天：跳远
Narrator: Germany's top competitor in the broad jump was Luz Long, the European record holder in the event.
旁白：德国队跳远的头号选手是欧洲纪录保持者卢兹·朗。
Guy Walters, Writer: Luz Long is a German athlete out of central casting.
盖伊·沃尔特斯 (Guy Walters)，编剧：卢兹·朗 (Luz Long) 是一位来自中央选角的德国运动员。
He's tall, he's blond, he's good looking.
他身材高大，金发碧眼，相貌英俊。
This rivalry that was going to take place between Luz Long and Jesse Owens was very much built up by a Nazi regime, hungry to show that, in fact, the white man was better.
卢兹·朗（Luz Long）和杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）之间即将发生的这场竞争很大程度上是由纳粹政权发起的，他们渴望表明，事实上，白人更优秀。
Narrator: As the preliminaries got underway, Owens was uncharacteristically sloppy.
旁白：预赛开始后，欧文斯一反常态地马虎。
David Wallechinsky, Writer: Jesse Owens fouled his first attempts in the preliminaries.
大卫·沃勒钦斯基（David Wallechinsky），编剧：杰西·欧文斯在预赛中第一次尝试就犯规了。
It was just a run through and they counted it.
这只是一个演练，他们计算了它。
And then he fouled the second one.
然后他又犯规了第二个。
And so he had to qualify in the third one.
所以他必须获得第三场比赛的资格。
Narrator: Owens was close to being eliminated when Luz Long offered some friendly advice.
旁白：欧文斯快要被淘汰时，卢兹·朗提出了一些友好的建议。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: "Why don't you just in your mind put a mark a foot behind the board and then you will be certain not to foul." Jesse Owens jumps 25 feet, easily qualifying for the next round.
作家杰里米·沙普 (Jeremy Schaap)：“为什么不在心里在板子后面一英尺处做个记号，这样你就一定不会犯规。”杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 跳出 25 英尺，轻松晋级下一轮。
Now we're in the final round of the broad jump, and they put on a spectacular show.
现在我们进入了跳远比赛的最后一轮，他们上演了一场精彩的表演。
Volker Kluge, Writer [German, subtitled]: The leader changed constantly.
沃尔克·克鲁格（Volker Kluge），作家[德语，字幕]：领导人不断变化。
When one athlete reached a certain distance the other countered.
当一名运动员达到一定距离时，另一名运动员进行反击。
And for a long time, it was impossible to tell how the contest would turn out.
而很长一段时间，都无法预测这场比赛的结果如何。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: Finally Jesse Owens jumps 26 feet.
杰里米·沙普 (Jeremy Schaap)，作家：最后杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 跳了 26 英尺。
Long can't match him at this point and the gold medal is Owens'.
朗目前无法与他匹敌，金牌属于欧文斯。
David Clay Large, Historian: Long went over to Jesse Owens, he hugged him.
大卫·克莱·拉奇（David Clay Large），历史学家：朗走到杰西·欧文斯身边，拥抱了他。
And then together they walked arm-in-arm around the stadium.
然后他们一起手挽手绕着体育场散步。
Now this was really verboten.
现在这确实是被禁止的。
William C.
威廉·C.
Rhoden, Writer: That was extraordinary when you think about it.
作家罗登：仔细想想，这真是太棒了。
There are these moments in history when the actors understand that moment in history.
历史上有这样的时刻，演员们了解历史上的那个时刻。
And they just do the right thing.
他们只是做正确的事。
Luz Long did the right thing.
卢兹·朗做了正确的事。
And, and that was a very humanizing moment for Owens and for Germany.
而且，对于欧文斯和德国来说，这是一个非常人性化的时刻。
Slate: Olympic Games 1936, Day Four: 200 Meters
板岩：1936 年奥运会，第四天：200 米
Narrator: By the time the runners set their marks for the 200-meter race, thousands of German fans knew they were witnessing something extraordinary.
旁白：当选手们在 200 米比赛中取得好成绩时，成千上万的德国球迷知道他们正在见证一些非凡的事情。
Guy Walters, Writer: He hears this shouting, "Yessay Offens, Yessay Offens," and he suddenly realizes it's him.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：他听到有人喊叫，“Yessay Offens，Yessay Offens”，他突然意识到是他。
It's, you know, it's obviously the German pronunciation of his name.
你知道，这显然是他名字的德语发音。
And he's absolutely lionized by the German people.
他绝对受到德国人民的崇拜。
Narrator: Owens won his third gold medal, shattering the Olympic 200-meter record.
旁白：欧文斯赢得了他的第三枚金牌，打破了奥运会200米纪录。
He'd already equaled both the Olympic and world records in the 100 meters, and his record in the long jump would last for decades.
他已经在100米比赛中追平了奥运会和世界纪录，而他的跳远纪录将保持数十年。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: After he won his third medal, arguably, he was the world's most famous athlete at that moment.
历史学家贝克：在他赢得第三枚奖牌后，可以说，他是当时世界上最著名的运动员。
Margaret MacMillan, Historian: He seemed to be able to do everything effortlessly, he was enormously graceful, charming, a person of tremendous poise and elegance in public.
玛格丽特·麦克米伦，历史学家：他似乎能够毫不费力地做任何事情，他非常优雅、迷人，是一个在公共场合非常镇定和优雅的人。
And the Nazis were absolutely furious.
纳粹非常愤怒。
I mean Hitler was absolutely livid.
我的意思是希特勒非常生气。
Narrator: By the fourth day of the Games, Goebbels was enraged.
旁白：到了奥运会的第四天，戈培尔被激怒了。
"We Germans win a gold medal, the Americans get three, two of which are won by niggers," he wrote in his diary.
“我们德国人赢得了一枚金牌，美国人获得了三枚，其中两枚是黑人赢得的，”他在日记中写道。
"This is a scandal!
“这是一个丑闻！
White humanity should be ashamed of itself."
白人人类应该为自己感到羞耻。”
Theodor Michael, Spectator [German, subtitled]: Jesse Owens wasn't a household name for me.
西奥多·迈克尔（Theodor Michael），观众[德语，字幕]：杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）对我来说并不是一个家喻户晓的名字。
But when I saw him run, he became something of a hero to me.
但当我看到他奔跑时，他就成了我的英雄。
And it was truly inspiring for me to see a person of my skin color, my kind, winning.
看到一个和我肤色、我同类的人获胜，对我来说真的很鼓舞人心。
William C.
威廉·C.
Rhoden, Writer: For a lot of black folks, this was a popular thing to show black folks winning.
作家罗登：对于很多黑人来说，这是一件很流行的事情来展示黑人获胜。
Yes, we were winning a lot in our private lives, just surviving day to day, but you need these sort of public moments.
是的，我们在私人生活中赢得了很多，只是日复一日地生存，但你需要这些公共时刻。
And that's the role that sports played for us.
这就是体育为我们发挥的作用。
Jesse Owens (archival): I'm very glad to have won my three events in the games here at Berlin.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：我很高兴在柏林的比赛中赢得了三项比赛的胜利。
Wonderful competition here, wonderful stadium, and a wonderful crowd.
这里有精彩的比赛、精彩的体育场和精彩的观众。
And the days have been very nice.
日子过得非常美好。
Susan Ware, Historian: Jesse Owens had learned not to share his deepest, most innermost thoughts with most people, especially white folks.
苏珊·韦尔（Susan Ware），历史学家：杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）学会了不要与大多数人，尤其是白人分享他最深、最内心的想法。
Keeping things on the surface, at a fairly superficial level was perfect for the newsreel.
对于新闻片来说，将事情保留在表面、相当肤浅的层面上是完美的。
Narrator: Telegrams flooded in from promoters in the U.S. Showman Eddie Cantor offered Owens $40,000 to appear with him on stage and radio; a California orchestra offered $25,000.
旁白：来自美国发起人的电报如潮水般涌来。表演家埃迪·坎托（Eddie Cantor）向欧文斯提供 4 万美元，让他与他一起出现在舞台和电台上；加州管弦乐团出价 25,000 美元。
Coach Snyder bragged to reporters that Owens had a good chance to make $100,000 once he returned to the States.
斯奈德教练向记者吹嘘说，欧文斯回到美国后很有机会赚到10万美元。
Jesse Owens (archival): The people here in Germany have been very nice to me and I'm very glad to have displayed my talent here.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：德国人民对我很好，我很高兴在这里展示我的才华。
Thank you.
谢谢。
Narrator: Owens had completed all his events.
旁白：欧文斯已经完成了他的所有活动。
Then, U.S. officials abruptly announced changes in the lineup for the 4x100 relay.
随后，美国官方突然宣布改变4x100米接力赛的阵容。
Although the Americans were heavily favored to win, the team's only two Jewish sprinters, Marty Glickman and Sam Stoller, would be replaced by Owens and Metcalfe.
尽管美国队非常有希望获胜，但队中仅有的两名犹太短跑运动员马蒂·格利克曼和萨姆·斯托勒将被欧文斯和梅特卡夫取代。
Rafael Medoff, Historian: Their coaches did not give them a clear explanation why.
拉斐尔·梅多夫，历史学家：他们的教练没有给他们一个明确的解释。
Glickman was told years later that in fact the Nazis had specifically demanded that no Jewish athletes take part in the race.
几年后，格利克曼被告知，事实上纳粹曾明确要求犹太运动员不得参加比赛。
The Nazis hated blacks, too.
纳粹也讨厌黑人。
But the Jews were their primary targets.
但犹太人是他们的主要目标。
And so if given the choice they preferred to have blacks competing in the race rather than Jews.
因此，如果有选择的话，他们更愿意让黑人而不是犹太人参加比赛。
Louis Zamperini, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: Jesse Owens refused to do it.
路易斯·赞佩里尼 (Louis Zamperini)，1936 年美国奥运代表队：杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 拒绝这样做。
He fought 'em back and they said, they pointed their finger in his face and said, "You'll do as you're told." And that was a horrible thing that happened during the Olympic games.
他反击他们，他们说，他们用手指指着他的脸说，“你会按照吩咐的去做。”这是奥运会期间发生的一件可怕的事情。
That fault was on our side.
错误在我们这边。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: Marty and Sam were crushed; they watched the medals that were their medals, essentially, put on the neck of Jesse Owens and Ralph Metcalfe.
历史学家贝克：马蒂和山姆被压垮了；他们看着奖牌，实质上是他们的奖牌，戴在杰西·欧文斯和拉尔夫·梅特卡夫的脖子上。
This is what they had spent their lives for and this is why they'd come to Berlin for.
这就是他们毕生追求的目标，也是他们来到柏林的原因。
Narrator: Owens became the first African American to win four gold medals in a modern Olympics, yet he was far from triumphant.
旁白：欧文斯成为第一位在现代奥运会上赢得四枚金牌的非裔美国人，但他远未取得胜利。
"I feel bad for Marty and Sam," he confided to friends.
“我为马蒂和萨姆感到难过，”他向朋友们吐露道。
Narrator: As the Berlin Games drew to a close, Avery Brundage announced that the U.S. track team would go on a European tour to raise money for the AAU.
旁白：柏林奥运会接近尾声时，艾弗里·布伦戴奇宣布美国田径队将前往欧洲巡回演出，为美国田径联合会筹集资金。
Brundage wanted to cash in on the success of the American team, and especially its popular new star.
布伦戴奇想从美国队的成功中获利，尤其是其受欢迎的新星。
Reporter (archival audio): The 400 yards relay.
记者（档案音频）：400码接力。
Jesse Owens, number three, fresh from his Olympic triumphs, competed.
第三名杰西·欧文斯刚刚获得奥运会胜利，参加了比赛。
The race was won in 37 and 4/10ths seconds, so we only had nine seconds in which to admire the wonderful running of this great athlete.
这场比赛以37又4/10秒获胜，所以我们只有9秒的时间来欣赏这位伟大运动员的精彩奔跑。
Narrator: For Owens, the tour was a relentless grind of shabby accommodations, little food, less rest, and no money.
旁白：对于欧文斯来说，这次旅行是一场无情的磨难，住宿条件简陋，食物很少，休息时间很少，而且没有钱。
For the first time, he rebelled, abruptly leaving the tour in London, and boarding a ship back to America.
他第一次反抗，突然离开了伦敦的巡演，登上了返回美国的船。
Jesse Owens (archival): I: was tired, I wanted to come home, and I really did, after all.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：我：很累，我想回家，毕竟我真的回家了。
I hadn't seen my wife for three months, and I'm very glad to be back home to see her.
我已经三个月没有见到我的妻子了，我很高兴能回到家见到她。
Marlene Owens Rankin, Daughter: Avery Brundage threatened that if he did go home, he would be stripped of his amateur athletic standing.
玛琳·欧文斯·兰金（Marlene Owens Rankin），女儿：艾弗里·布伦戴奇（Avery Brundage）威胁说，如果他真的回家，他将被剥夺业余运动员的资格。
My father chose not to continue and Avery Brundage suspended him.
我父亲选择不再继续，艾弗里·布伦戴奇暂停了他的职务。
Jesse Owens (archival): My suspension I really couldn't say.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：我的停赛我真的不能说。
I don't know anything about it at all.
我对此一无所知。
I haven't had any official word from it.
我还没有收到任何官方消息。
I've been on the boat for four days, and I really don't know what it's all about.
我在船上已经四天了，我实在不知道这是怎么回事。
Narrator: Suspension from the AAU barred Owens from competing in any sanctioned sporting events in the U.S. The impact of the ban would play out later; for now, Jesse Owens was a hero.
旁白：AAU 的停赛禁止欧文斯参加美国任何受认可的体育赛事。禁令的影响将在稍后显现；现在，杰西·欧文斯是一位英雄。
Louis Stokes, Cleveland resident: When he came back from Berlin I was 11 years old, but I remember waiting excitedly to see this parade that was going be in the black community.
克利夫兰居民路易斯·斯托克斯（Louis Stokes）：当他从柏林回来时，我才 11 岁，但我记得兴奋地等待着观看这场将在黑人社区举行的游行。
And of course you felt like, "Jesse Owens just waved to me!"
当然，你会觉得，“杰西·欧文斯刚刚向我挥手！”
Guy Walters, Writer: He comes back to the United States thinking that everything's gonna be good for him.
盖伊·沃尔特斯（Guy Walters），作家：他回到美国后认为一切都会对他有利。
He's gonna be rich and he's gonna be up there with all those movie stars he so loves, and respects, and wants to be part of.
他会变得富有，他会和所有他如此喜爱、尊重、并希望成为其中一员的电影明星齐名。
And, the truth, of course, is very, very different.
当然，事实是非常非常不同的。
Narrator: Owens had always hoped that success on the track would translate to respect off the track.
旁白：欧文斯一直希望赛道上的成功能够转化为赛道外的尊重。
But on his first night home, Owens and his wife could not find a hotel in downtown New York willing to take black customers.
但在回家的第一个晚上，欧文斯和他的妻子在纽约市中心找不到一家愿意接待黑人顾客的酒店。
Finally, one agreed to rent them a room, but only if they used the service entrance.
最后，有人同意向他们租一间房间，但前提是他们使用服务入口。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: There just simply aren't the roles for a Black American to fit into in the 1930s, however many Olympic medals he may have won.
历史学家贝克：无论美国黑人赢得了多少枚奥运会奖牌，在 20 世纪 30 年代根本没有适合他的角色。
If he were a white athletic guy, he could maybe play Tarzan in the movies -- and that's what Johnny Weissmuller, Buster Crabbe, Glenn Morris, and a whole string of American athletes did.
如果他是一个白人运动员，他也许可以在电影中扮演人猿泰山——约翰尼·韦斯穆勒、巴斯特·克拉布、格伦·莫里斯和一大批美国运动员就是这么做的。
But who wants a Black Tarzan?
但谁想要黑泰山呢？
Nobody.
没有人。
Narrator: The lucrative offers that had poured in to Berlin turned out to be empty promises.
旁白：大量涌入柏林的丰厚优惠最终证明是空头支票。
To support his family, Owens was forced to take part in the most demeaning race of his life.
为了养家糊口，欧文斯被迫参加他一生中最有辱人格的比赛。
Announcer (archival audio): Cuba.
播音员（档案音频）：古巴。
Jesse Owens the ebony streak of Olympic games celebrates turning professional by racing against a horse…
奥运会乌木连胜杰西·欧文斯通过与一匹马赛跑来庆祝自己成为职业选手……
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: That winter, Christmas-time, he goes down to Havana to race a horse named Julio McCaw.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：那年冬天，圣诞节期间，他去哈瓦那参加一匹名叫胡里奥·麦考（Julio McCaw）的赛马。
Announcer (archival): Jesse had a start of 40 yards and a 100 and he won by inches.
播音员（档案）：杰西起跑距离为 40 码，最后距离为 100 码，以英寸优势获胜。
Louis Zamperini, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: I thought racing a horse was kind of a depressing thing for publicity.
路易斯·赞佩里尼 (Louis Zamperini)，1936 年美国奥运代表队：我认为赛马对于公众来说是一件令人沮丧的事情。
And what did he get out of it?
他从中得到了什么？
Probably very little or nothing.
可能很少或根本没有。
They used him.
他们利用了他。
It's just like saving somebody's life, and then the next day that person slaps you in the face.
这就像救了一个人的命，然后第二天那个人就打了你一巴掌。
Beverly Owens Prather, Daughter: A lot of people felt that he was not dignifying his self.
贝弗利·欧文斯·普拉瑟（Beverly Owens Prather），女儿：很多人觉得他没有尊严。
But, when you have a family to feed and you have no job, then you do what you have to do to feed your family as long as it's honest.
但是，当你要养家糊口而你没有工作时，你就会做你必须做的事情来养活你的家人，只要是诚实的。
Narrator: Owens took whatever jobs he could find, and tried his hand at business.
旁白：欧文斯找到了所有他能找到的工作，并尝试做生意。
He owned a dry cleaners, he tapped danced with Bill "Bo Jangles" Robinson and continued to make money racing against horses.
他拥有一家干洗店，与比尔·“Bo Jangles”·罗宾逊一起跳踢踏舞，并继续通过赛马赚钱。
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: He ended up in financial trouble over back taxes.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹（Harry Edwards）：他最终因欠税而陷入财务困境。
The United States government sued him for moneys that he purportedly made racing horses and off those few endorsements that he was able to get, and ultimately, he ended up declaring bankruptcy.
美国政府起诉他，要求他从赛马中赚取金钱，并从他所能获得的少数代言中获得金钱，最终，他最终宣布破产。
William J.
威廉·J.
Baker, Historian: For years, Jesse Owens disappeared from view.
历史学家贝克：多年来，杰西·欧文斯从人们的视野中消失了。
After the Berlin Games, the mainstream press simply did not deal with him any further.
柏林奥运会之后，主流媒体根本就不再与他打交道。
Announcer (archival): Ten down and no more to go, panel, would you meet Jesse Owens.
播音员（档案）：已经十场了，没有更多的了，小组成员，您能见见杰西·欧文斯吗？
Narrator: By the mid 1950s, as the Cold War heated up, Jesse Owens suddenly emerged from obscurity.
旁白：20世纪50年代中期，冷战愈演愈烈，杰西·欧文斯突然从默默无闻中脱颖而出。
Narrator: In 1955, President Dwight Eisenhower named Owens Goodwill Ambassador, charged with promoting America to the world.
旁白：1955 年，德怀特·艾森豪威尔总统任命欧文斯为亲善大使，负责向世界宣传美国。
Edward R.
爱德华·R。
Murrow, CBS (archival): I'm glad we could make it before you leave on your trip.
哥伦比亚广播公司默罗（档案）：我很高兴我们能在您出发之前赶到。
Where exactly are you going?
你究竟要去哪里？
Jesse Owens (archival): Well, we're going to India, Singapore, Malaya, and the Philippines for about 51 days.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：嗯，我们要去印度、新加坡、马来亚和菲律宾大约 51 天。
On that trip we will be talking about our American way of life, Mr. Murrow.
默罗先生，在那次旅行中我们将谈论我们的美国生活方式。
We feel that we have the best way of life, in the world today.
我们觉得我们拥有当今世界上最好的生活方式。
We're going to combat communism, we are going to show…
我们要打击共产主义，我们要展示……
David Wallechinsky, Writer: He did eventually become "a professional good example." Here was Jesse Owens who was still considered a god in the world of track and field, and that was the way he could support himself.
作家大卫·沃勒钦斯基（David Wallechinsky）：他最终确实成为了“专业的好榜样”。杰西·欧文斯仍然被视为田径界的神，这就是他养活自己的方式。
Narrator: In the 1960s, the endorsements started coming in.
旁白：20世纪60年代，代言开始涌入。
Jesse Owens (archival): I always carry the American Express card.
杰西·欧文斯（档案）：我总是携带美国运通卡。
The American Express card.
美国运通卡。
Don't leave home without it.
没有它就不要离开家。
Louis Zamperini, 1936 U.S. Olympic Team: I was on a national TV show with him and he was -- he didn't look too good.
路易斯·赞佩里尼 (Louis Zamperini)，1936 年美国奥运代表队：我和他一起参加全国电视节目，他看起来不太好。
And when I got back to California I said, "you know, Jesse didn't look too good, I think -- I don't think he's gonna live long." He died within the year.
当我回到加利福尼亚时，我说，“你知道，杰西看上去不太好，我想——我认为他活不了多久。”一年之内他就去世了。
And he was fairly young.
而且他还相当年轻。
But I think his heart was broken.
但我想他的心已经碎了。
After winning all those gold medals he expected the whole nation to love him and here the greatest athlete in America is being treated shabbily.
在赢得所有这些金牌后，他希望全国人民都爱他，但在这里，美国最伟大的运动员却受到了恶劣的待遇。
Hilmar Dressler, Spectator [German, subtitled]: Jesse Owens taught not only me, but many of us some important lessons: to strive for excellence and to encourage communication across borders; or to ignore the political boundaries that otherwise separate us.
希尔玛·德雷斯勒 (Hilmar Dressler)，观众 [德语，字幕]：杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 不仅教给了我，还教给了我们许多人一些重要的教训：追求卓越并鼓励跨国界沟通；或者忽视那些将我们分开的政治界限。
Margaret MacMillan, Historian: His career is partly a reflection of the ways in which we use our public figures.
玛格丽特·麦克米伦，历史学家：他的职业生涯在一定程度上反映了我们使用公众人物的方式。
You know, we use them when we need them and then we forget about them when we don't need them.
你知道，我们在需要时使用它们，然后在不需要时忘记它们。
Jesse Owens was immensely popular in 1936, and then people forgot about him.
杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 在 1936 年非常受欢迎，但随后人们就忘记了他。
So Jesse Owens got relegated to a back burner.
因此，杰西·欧文斯（Jesse Owens）被降级到次要地位。
Harry Edwards, Sociologist: Without him, the issue of integrating blacks into mainstream American sports would've been moot.
社会学家哈里·爱德华兹：如果没有他，将黑人融入美国主流体育的问题将毫无意义。
Jackie Robinson stood on the shoulders of Jesse Owens.
杰基·罗宾逊站在杰西·欧文斯的肩膀上。
You have to understand Jesse Owens in the pantheon of great athletic figures who have contributed to not just black advancement in sport but to black advancement overall.
你必须了解杰西·欧文斯在伟大运动人物万神殿中的地位，他不仅为黑人在体育领域的进步做出了贡献，而且为黑人整体的进步做出了贡献。
Jeremy Schaap, Writer: He is the quintessential Olympic hero.
杰里米·沙普（Jeremy Schaap），作家：他是典型的奥运英雄。
He stood up to racists in Germany, he stood up to racists at home, and he did it with a grace and a genius that have not been equaled.
他在德国勇敢地面对种族主义者，在国内也勇敢地面对种族主义者，他以无与伦比的优雅和天才做到了这一点。
Slate: Jesse Owens died of lung cancer in 1980 at the age of 66.
Slate：杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 于 1980 年因肺癌去世，享年 66 岁。
Watch the opening scenes of Jesse Owens .
观看杰西·欧文斯的开场场景。
A behind-the-scenes look at the making of Jesse Owens with series executive producer Mark Samels, and filmmaker Laurens Grant.
与系列执行制片人马克·萨梅尔斯和电影制片人劳伦斯·格兰特一起了解杰西·欧文斯的幕后制作过程。
Jesse Owens' success on the track didn't translate to fair treatment off the track.
杰西·欧文斯在赛道上的成功并没有转化为在赛道外的公平待遇。
Jesse Owens' victories at the 1936 Berlin Olympics were an affront to Nazi beliefs.
杰西·欧文斯 (Jesse Owens) 在 1936 年柏林奥运会上的胜利是对纳粹信仰的侮辱。
After victories at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, Jesse Owens returned home to a segregated America.
1936 年柏林奥运会获胜后，杰西·欧文斯回到了种族隔离的美国。
His stunning triumph at the 1936 Olympics captivated the world and infuriated the Nazis.
他在 1936 年奥运会上取得的惊人胜利震惊了全世界，也激怒了纳粹。
Historian Amira Rose Davis and sports columnist William C.
历史学家阿米拉·罗斯·戴维斯和体育专栏作家威廉·C.
Rhoden speak with creator and host of The Humanity Archive Jermaine Fowler about the intersection of sports and politics in the Olympics.
罗登与人类档案馆的创始人兼主持人杰梅因·福勒谈论了奥运会中体育与政治的交叉点。
Sportswriter Dave Zirin and Assistant Professor Kendra Gage examine the political motives behind competing at and hosting the Olympics with historian Adriane Lentz-Smith.
体育记者戴夫·齐林 (Dave Zirin) 和助理教授肯德拉·盖奇 (Kendra Gage) 与历史学家阿德里安·伦茨·史密斯 (Adriane Lentz-Smith) 探讨了参加和主办奥运会背后的政治动机。