The Orphan Trains
Tonight on The American Experience -- some were orphans, some lived on the streets, others were merely poor.
今晚的《美国经历》——有些人是孤儿，有些人流落街头，有些人只是穷人。
All would be sent far away.
全部都会被送到很远的地方。
CLARETTA MILLER, Sent West, Age 9 : She said, "Very early you will rise and board a train to go to find a new home." ANNOUNCER : One hundred and fifty thousand children, an unforgettable journey-- "The Orphan Trains" tonight on The American Experience .
CLARETTA MILLER，Sent West，9 岁：她说：“你很早就起床，登上火车去寻找新家。”播音员：十五万名儿童，一次难忘的旅程——今晚美国经验节目的“孤儿列车”。
DAVID McCULLOUGH, Host : Good evening and welcome to The American Experience .
大卫·麦卡洛（主持人）：晚上好，欢迎来到“美国经验”。
I'm David McCullough.
我是大卫·麦卡洛。
One sure measure of the heart and soul of any society is how it treats its children.
衡量一个社会的内心和灵魂的一个可靠标准是看它如何对待孩子。
Tonight you are about to see an extraordinary film on the subject, "The Orphan Trains," and behind the film is a remarkable story.
今晚您将观看一部关于这一主题的精彩电影《孤儿列车》，影片背后有一个非凡的故事。
A few years back, two film producers, Janet Graham and Edward Gray, were taken down into the dim basement of an old building on East Twenty-Second Street in New York.
几年前，两位电影制片人珍妮特·格雷厄姆和爱德华·格雷被带到纽约东二十二街一栋老建筑的昏暗地下室。
It was the headquarters of the Children's Aid Society, the private charity which, in times past, for seventy-five years sent more than one hundred thousand orphaned or unwanted children from the streets of New York to new homes across rural America.
它是儿童援助协会的总部，这是一家私人慈善机构，七十五年来，该协会将超过十万孤儿或无人问津的儿童从纽约街头送到美国乡村的新家。
Presiding over the basement was a tiny, elderly woman named Ethel Lambert.
管理地下室的是一位身材矮小的老妇人，名叫埃塞尔·兰伯特。
I'd like to show you her photograph, but she hated to have her picture taken.
我想给你看她的照片，但她不喜欢别人给她拍照。
She was a retired employee who for years had been working voluntarily to save stacks of old papers and records that she felt certain had historic value.
她是一名退休员工，多年来一直自愿致力于保存成堆的旧文件和记录，她认为这些文件和记录肯定具有历史价值。
By studying the building's architecture, she'd found a hidden closet behind old filing cabinets and there she discovered a lost treasure, the one hundred and forty-year-old diaries of Charles Loring Brace, founder of the orphan trains.
通过研究这座建筑的结构，她在旧文件柜后面发现了一个隐藏的壁橱，在那里她发现了一件失落的宝藏，即孤儿列车创始人查尔斯·洛林·布雷斯一百四十年前的日记。
There were scrapbooks of newspaper clippings and, most important of all to her, hundreds of letters from the children themselves, all organized year by year.
里面有剪报的剪贴簿，对她来说最重要的是，孩子们自己写的数百封信，都是逐年整理的。
Her dream was to create an archive so that future generations might read what happened in the words of the children, many of whom wrote of their fear that they'd be forgotten.
她的梦想是创建一个档案，以便后代可以从孩子们的话语中读到所发生的事情，其中许多人写下了他们担心自己会被遗忘的经历。
Ethel Lambert was herself the mother of two children whom she had raised as a single parent.
埃塞尔·兰伯特本人是两个孩子的母亲，她作为单亲抚养长大。
Fortunately, there are Ethel Lamberts everywhere, in all parts of the country, people who stubbornly refused to let the past be treated like rubbish.
幸运的是，在全国各地，到处都有埃塞尔·兰伯特，他们顽固地拒绝让过去被当作垃圾对待。
Were it not for this Ethel Lambert, who died before our film was completed, tonight's story would never have been told.
如果不是埃塞尔·兰伯特（在我们的电影完成之前去世），今晚的故事就永远不会被讲述。
For this reason, Janet Graham and Edward Gray have dedicated the film to her.
因此，珍妮特·格雷厄姆和爱德华·格雷将这部电影献给她。
[ Susan Galbraith] "I am fourteen years old.
[苏珊·加尔布雷斯]“我十四岁了。
Father died three years ago and Mother died a year ago.
父亲三年前去世，母亲一年前去世。
I became a singing girl.
我成了一名歌女。
I went on board the boats and sung.
我上了船唱歌。
I am tired of singing.
我厌倦了唱歌。
I would like to live with somebody."
我想和某人一起住。”
In 1853, a plan to rescue thousands of New York street children was announced by a new charity, the Children's Aid Society.
1853 年，一个新的慈善机构“儿童援助协会”宣布了一项拯救数千名纽约街头儿童的计划。
It would send the children to live with families in rural America.
它将把孩子们送到美国农村的家庭中生活。
By 1929, the Society had relocated over one hundred thousand orphaned, abandoned or neglected children.
到 1929 年，该协会已重新安置了超过十万名孤儿、被遗弃或被忽视的儿童。
ELLIOTT HOFFMAN BOBO, Sent West, Age 8 : Far as I know, my father hit the bottle pretty heavy and they took us away from him.
埃利奥特·霍夫曼·波波 (ELLIOTT HOFFMAN BOBO)，Sent West，8 岁：据我所知，我父亲喝得很重，他们把我们从他身边带走了。
And my mother died when I was two years old.
我两岁时，我的母亲就去世了。
HAZELLE LATIMER, Sent West, Age 11 : My mother and I were very close because I was all she had and she was all I had.
HAZELLE LATIMER，Sent West，11 岁：我和我的母亲非常亲密，因为我是她所拥有的一切，她也是我所拥有的一切。
On January 7th of 1918, my mother came to the school and she had a suitcase.
1918年1月7日，我母亲带着一个手提箱来到学校。
She was going to go and have tests taken care of, see why she was having these awful headaches.
她要去接受检查，看看她为什么会头痛得厉害。
And that was the last I saw of her.
那是我最后一次见到她。
ALICE AYLER, Sent to Kansas : My mother bore five children and she accepted responsibility for none.
爱丽丝·艾勒，被送往堪萨斯州：我母亲生了五个孩子，但她没有承担任何责任。
She just simply brought we children-- us children into the world and then let the rest of the world take care of us.
她只是简单地将我们孩子——我们孩子带到了这个世界上，然后让世界其他地方来照顾我们。
CLARETTA MILLER, Sent West, Age 9 : We were hungry.
CLARETTA MILLER，Sent West，9 岁：我们很饿。
I don't ever recall taking a bath in a tub of water.
我不记得在浴缸里洗过澡。
We slept on old, dirty mattresses on the floor and the rats ran over our heads and through our hair lots of nights and we'd wake up screaming with it.
我们睡在地板上又旧又脏的床垫上，很多个夜晚，老鼠在我们的头上和头发上跑来跑去，我们会因为它而尖叫着醒来。
We don't know where our parents were.
我们不知道我们的父母在哪里。
We never did know.
我们从来不知道。
The trains that carried the children out of the city became known as "orphan trains."
载着孩子们出城的火车被称为“孤儿列车”。
I knew that this was going to be my home from then on, but it seemed like it just kind of hit me when I got here that I had left everything behind, which I had.
我知道从那时起这将成为我的家，但当我到达这里时，我似乎突然意识到我已经把我拥有的一切都抛在了身后。
I didn't have my sister anymore.
我已经没有妹妹了。
I didn't have my parents anymore.
我已经没有父母了。
I didn't have any friends.
我没有任何朋友。
They were total strangers.
他们完全是陌生人。
It just caught up with me all at once.
它一下子就追上了我。
But she was with me, Mrs. Carmen.
但她和我在一起，卡门夫人。
She never left me for a minute.
她一刻也没有离开过我。
And she helped me get into bed and that's when I began to cry was when-- the emotion hit me, I think, when I went to get into bed.
她扶我上床，就在那时我开始哭泣，我想，当我上床睡觉时，这种情绪袭击了我。
I still felt all alone and yet I knew there was someone around me, but they were strangers.
我仍然感到孤独，但我知道我周围有人，但他们是陌生人。
I didn't know them from Adam.
我不是从亚当那里认识他们的。
HAZEN ARMSTRONG, Foster Father, Texas : They had to find homes for those children up there in New York and that was their way of doing it.
哈森·阿姆斯特朗，得克萨斯州寄养神父：他们必须在纽约为那些孩子找到家，这就是他们的做法。
And you couldn't do that now.
而你现在不能这样做。
People were different then.
那时的人们不一样了。
The whole-- the world was different and they acted different and lived different.
整个世界不同了，他们的行为也不同了，生活也不同了。
And they-- they couldn't do a thing like that now.
而他们——他们现在不能做那样的事情。
This ambitious relocation effort began back in the eighteen fifties in New York City, a time when ten thousand homeless children prowled the streets in search of money, food, shelter.
这项雄心勃勃的搬迁工作始于十八世纪五十年代的纽约市，当时一万名无家可归的儿童在街道上徘徊，寻找金钱、食物和住所。
A thousand immigrants a day had been flooding into the city from rural America, from Europe.
每天有一千名移民从美国乡村和欧洲涌入这座城市。
Work was scarce.
工作机会稀缺。
Families crowded into shacks and tenements, were easy prey to cholera, tuberculosis and alcohol.
家庭挤在棚屋和公寓里，很容易感染霍乱、肺结核和酒精。
The plight of these impoverished children became the obsession of a young minister, Charles Loring Brace.
这些贫困儿童的困境引起了年轻牧师查尔斯·洛林·布雷斯 (Charles Loring Brace) 的关注。
A member of a prominent Connecticut family, Brace had moved to New York City to complete his seminary training.
布雷斯是康涅狄格州一个显赫家族的成员，他搬到纽约市完成他的神学院培训。
He was horrified by the conditions he saw on the streets.
他对街上看到的情况感到震惊。
As he wandered through the city, he talked with children, recording their stories in his diary.
当他在城市中漫步时，他与孩子们交谈，在日记中记录他们的故事。
[reading great-grandfather's diary] "May 19th, 1854.
[读曾祖父的日记]“1854年5月19日。
At dusk, I found a girl in the Sixth Street begging.
黄昏时分，我发现一个女孩在第六街乞讨。
Gave her a loaf of bread and followed her home.
给了她一条面包，然后跟着她回家。
This little girl, nine years old, without a bonnet, barefooted and thinly clad, is sent out every day to beg for money.
这个九岁的小女孩，没戴帽子，光着脚，穿得单薄，每天都被派出去要钱。
"In the evening, at twelve o'clock, went down to the coffee cellars where the newsboys congregate.
“晚上十二点，我们来到报童聚集的咖啡地窖。
They were not more than ten or twelve years old, yet they had all the manners of old roués, drinking their coffee, smoking and talking of gambling.
他们不过十岁或十二岁，却有着老鲁埃们的一切举止，喝着咖啡，抽烟，谈论着赌博。
"Visited the Eleventh Ward in the afternoon.
“下午参观了第十一病房。
Five thousand children throng the streets at all times.
街道上始终挤满了五千名儿童。
The younger girls sweep the crosswalks.
年轻的女孩们清扫人行横道。
The older girls prostitute themselves."
年长的女孩就卖淫。”
Because of their wanderings, the children became known as "street Arabs." Some joined violent gangs.
由于他们的流浪，孩子们被称为“街头阿拉伯人”。有些人加入了暴力团伙。
Others survived by selling matches, newspapers or pieces of old rags.
其他人靠卖火柴、报纸或旧破布维持生计。
"Their numbers are almost incredible," said the chief of police.
“他们的数量几乎令人难以置信，”警察局长说。
"They are destined for a life of misery, shame and crime."
“他们注定要过着痛苦、耻辱和犯罪的生活。”
[reading orphan's diary] "When Mother was dying, she warned me against going to live with strangers.
[读孤儿日记]“母亲临终时，她警告我不要和陌生人住在一起。
I became a singing girl.
我成了一名歌女。
People said I had a good voice.
人们都说我的声音很好听。
I used to sing, in the beginning, to keep away those sad thoughts.
一开始我常常唱歌，以消除那些悲伤的想法。
But soon I made use of my voice for a living."
但很快我就以我的声音为生。”
[Susan Galbraith] "I go on board the boats and sing and I gather as much money as I can.
[苏珊·加尔布雷思]“我登上船唱歌，并收集尽可能多的钱。
I have no other way of getting along.
我没有其他的相处方式。
Sometimes I make very little by it, sometimes nothing.
有时我赚的钱很少，有时什么也赚不到。
All the night, I was out in the street and no one spoke to me or asked me who I was."
整个晚上，我都在街上，没有人跟我说话，也没有人问我是谁。”
The police began arresting vagrant children, some as young as five, and locking them up with adult criminals.
警方开始逮捕流浪儿童，其中一些年仅五岁，并将他们与成年罪犯关押在一起。
Reformers urged that children be sent to more modern institutions called "houses of refuge" and "orphan asylums" where they could be trained.
改革者敦促将儿童送往更现代化的机构，称为“避难所”和“孤儿院”，在那里他们可以接受培训。
In an era when most children were expected to work, Brace argued against the asylums, said the skills they taught had little practical use.
在大多数孩子都被要求工作的时代，布雷斯反对收容所，称他们教授的技能几乎没有实际用处。
[Charles Loring Brace] "The best of all asylums for the outcast child is the farmer's home.
[查尔斯·洛林·布雷斯]“对于被遗弃的孩子来说，最好的庇护所就是农民的家。
The great duty is to get these children of unhappy fortune utterly out of their surroundings and to send them away to kind Christian homes in the country."
伟大的责任是让这些不幸的孩子完全脱离他们的环境，并将他们送到乡下善良的基督徒家庭。”
Brace knew that the greatest need for labor was in the expanding farm country to the west, where there was a long tradition of employing children as apprentices and hired hands.
布雷斯知道，最需要劳动力的是西部不断扩张的农业国家，那里有雇用儿童作为学徒和雇工的悠久传统。
He believed that America's Christian farmers would welcome the homeless children, not only give them work, but treat them as new sons and new daughters.
他相信美国的基督教农民会欢迎这些无家可归的孩子，不仅给他们工作，而且把他们当作新的儿子和新的女儿一样对待。
He imagined sending tens of thousands to the country.
他想象着向该国派遣数以万计的人。
In 1853, Brace founded the Children's Aid Society to arrange the trips, raise the money, obtain the legal permissions needed for relocation.
1853 年，布雷斯成立了儿童援助协会，负责安排行程、筹集资金并获得搬迁所需的法律许可。
To recruit likely children, Brace and his staff of volunteers visited orphanages and reformatories and the homes of impoverished parents.
为了招募可能的孩子，布雷斯和他的志愿者工作人员参观了孤儿院、感化院以及贫困父母的家。
[Charles Loring Brace] "Found one room not more than twelve foot by ten with two women and five children.
[查尔斯·洛林·布雷斯]“找到一间不超过十二英尺乘十英尺的房间，里面有两个女人和五个孩子。
The boy, Peter Casey, would like to go to the country, but the mother said she would rather die than part with him.
男孩彼得·凯西想去乡下，但母亲说她宁愿死也不愿与他分开。
In general, the mothers do not like to part with their children, even to get them in much better situations."
一般来说，母亲们不愿意离开自己的孩子，即使是为了让他们处于更好的境地。”
But desperate parents often saw little hope.
但绝望的父母常常看不到希望。
Many surrendered custody of their children in hopes of ensuring their survival.
许多人放弃了孩子的监护权，希望确保他们的生存。
[Mary Ann Moxley] "This is to certify that I am the mother and only legal guardian of Hattie Moxley.
[玛丽·安·莫克斯利]“兹证明我是海蒂·莫克斯利的母亲和唯一的合法监护人。
I hereby freely and of my own will agree for the Children's Aid Society to provide a home until she is of age.
我特此自愿同意儿童援助协会为她提供一个家，直到她成年为止。
I hereby promise not to interfere in any arrangements they may make."
我在此保证不干涉他们可能做出的任何安排。”
To the children, surrender often meant an inexplicable break with their families.
对于孩子们来说，投降往往意味着与家人的莫名决裂。
I'd just finished eating and this matron came by and tapped us along the head.
我刚吃完饭，这位女护士走过来，拍拍我们的头。
"You're going to Texas.
“你要去德克萨斯州。
You're going to Texas." Well, some of the kids, you know, clapped and laughed.
你要去德克萨斯州。”嗯，有些孩子，你知道，鼓掌大笑。
When she came to me, I looked up.
当她来到我身边时，我抬起头来。
I said, "I can't go.
我说：“我不能去。
I'm not an orphan.
我不是孤儿。
My mother's still living.
我母亲还活着。
She's in a hospital right here in New York." "You're going to Texas." No use arguing.
她在纽约的一家医院里。” “你要去德克萨斯州。”争论是没有用的。
We all had a certain place that we had to sit, at a certain table, and we knew our place.
我们都有一个必须坐在的特定位置，在一张特定的桌子旁，而且我们知道自己的位置。
We just ate our supper thinking the next day would be just another day, but the superintendent said, "I have something to tell you." She said, "You're going to take your baths and you will be issued all new clothing and tomorrow morning very early, you will rise and board a train to go to find a new home."
我们刚吃完晚饭，以为第二天又是平凡的一天，但主管说：“我有件事要告诉你。”她说：“你要去洗澡，你会得到所有新衣服，明天一早，你就会起床，登上火车去寻找新家。”
LEE NAILLING, Sent West Age 8 : I don't know what to think sometimes.
LEE NAILLING，Sent West，8 岁：有时我不知道该想什么。
Some of my brothers tell me that my biological father was no good and he might have not been, but by the same token, if he was at the train, he was crying when we were taken from him.
我的一些兄弟告诉我，我的亲生父亲不好，他可能也不好，但出于同样的原因，如果他在火车上，当我们被从他身边带走时，他会哭。
The man had to lay down at night and wonder where all his children were and everything.
这个男人不得不在晚上躺下，想知道他所有的孩子和一切都在哪里。
And regardless of the kind of man he was, he had to have a certain amount of love for his family or he wouldn't have been at the station at all, and crying when we were taken from him.
不管他是什么样的人，他都必须对家人有一定的爱，否则他根本不会在车站，当我们被带走时他不会哭泣。
I'm sure that it was circumstances that he couldn't help.
我确信在这种情况下他无能为力。
Three times a month agents of the Society assembled the children into groups ranging from six to one hundred and fifty.
该协会的特工每月三次将孩子们分成六到一百五十个不等的小组。
The groups were booked at a discount on regular passenger trains.
这些团体以折扣价预订普通旅客列车。
[Children's Aid Society Agent ] "The trips were planned so as to arrive on Friday, usually leaving New York Tuesday noon.
[儿童援助协会代理]“行程计划于周五抵达，通常于周二中午离开纽约。
We filled one end of the car or, if the party was large enough, a coach was put on for us."
我们把车的一端装满，或者，如果聚会足够大，就会为我们安排一辆马车。”
I do remember the children milling around outside the train, waiting to be assigned our seats.
我确实记得孩子们在火车外转来转去，等待分配座位。
The big problem was that you never knew what the future held for you.
最大的问题是你永远不知道你的未来会怎样。
You had no idea what the future ever held for you and that was a great concern and a great worry.
你不知道你的未来会怎样，这是一个极大的担忧和担忧。
The journey usually lasted for three or four days.
旅程通常持续三到四天。
The children never left the train.
孩子们从未离开过火车。
They slept in their seats.
他们在座位上睡着了。
I didn't cry.
我没有哭。
I guess I was too angry to cry.
我想我是太生气了，哭不出来。
We were going too far too fast.
我们走得太远太快了。
I've kept this suitcase as a souvenir all these years.
这些年来我一直保留着这个手提箱作为纪念品。
Each one of us had one.
我们每个人都有一个。
And I don't suppose it was very expensive, not over a couple of bucks, but-- we had the handle here we could carry it by.
我不认为它很贵，不会超过几美元，但是——我们这里有把手，我们可以随身携带它。
I had all my possessions in there, which wasn't much, just clothes-- no shoes, just a change of clothes.
我所有的东西都在那里，不多，只有衣服——没有鞋子，只有一套换洗的衣服。
I had the whole future ahead of me and I didn't know what to expect, but I didn't want to stay in the orphanage.
我拥有整个未来，我不知道会发生什么，但我不想留在孤儿院。
On the journey west, the agents tried to comfort the children.
在西行途中，特工们试图安抚孩子们。
They gave each child a hand Bible and spoke of the good homes that awaited.
他们给每个孩子一本圣经，并谈到等待他们的美好家园。
Sometimes the agents sang to the children.
有时，特工们会给孩子们唱歌。
[singing] From the city's gloom to the country's bloom / Where the fragrant breezes sigh / From the city's blight to the greenwood bright / Like the birds of summer fly / O children, dear children / Young, happy, pure--
[唱]从城市的幽暗到乡村的盛开/香风叹息的地方/从城市的枯萎到翠绿的明亮/像夏天的鸟儿飞翔/孩子们，亲爱的孩子们/年轻、快乐、纯洁——
I can't remember exactly what he told me, but my biological father gave me a pink envelope with his address on it and asked me to be sure to let him know when we got to our destination.
我记不清他到底告诉了我什么，但我的亲生父亲给了我一个粉红色的信封，上面写着他的地址，并要求我一定要在我们到达目的地时通知他。
I took the envelope that my father had given me and put it in my inside coat pocket, trying to be very protective of it.
我拿起父亲给我的信封，把它放进外套口袋里，尽量保护好它。
And that night, why, of course, like all kids, we went to sleep.
那天晚上，为什么，当然，像所有孩子一样，我们睡着了。
The next morning I woke up and I guess the first thing I thought of was my pink envelope and I reached in my pocket and it was gone.
第二天早上我醒来，我想我首先想到的是我的粉红色信封，我把手伸进口袋，但它不见了。
And I was kind of heartbroken, of course.
当然，我有点心碎。
And I asked Leo to get down on the floor and help me look for it and we were looking for it when one of the caretakers came by and asked us what we were doing and told her that we were looking for the envelope.
我让利奥趴在地板上帮我找，我们正在找，这时一位看门人走过来，问我们在做什么，并告诉她我们正在找信封。
I was afraid to tell her anything else because punishment sometimes was a little severe.
我不敢告诉她任何其他事情，因为惩罚有时有点严厉。
And she told me to get up, get in my seat, where I was going I would not need that envelope.
她让我站起来，坐在座位上，我要去的地方不需要那个信封。
As the train drew nearer to its destination, the children's clothes were changed, their faces washed.
随着火车接近目的地，孩子们换了衣服，洗了脸。
They were prepared for the defining moment of the trip: the distribution.
他们为这次旅行的决定性时刻做好了准备：分发。
In local newspapers notices had run in advance, encouraging people to come see the homeless children on the stage of a meeting hall.
当地报纸提前刊登了通知，鼓励人们到会议厅的讲台上看望无家可归的孩子。
As the children waited to be displayed, they were urged to make a good impression on the audience.
当孩子们等待展示时，他们被要求给观众留下好印象。
[Hastings Hart] "November 7th, 1883.
[黑斯廷斯·哈特]“1883 年 11 月 7 日。
I was a witness of the distribution of forty children in Minnesota.
我是明尼苏达州四十名儿童分配的见证人。
The children arrived at about half past three P.M.
孩子们下午三点半左右到达。
and were taken directly from the train to the court house.
并被直接从火车上带到法院。
Mr. Matthews set the children one by one before the crowd and gave a brief account of each.
马修斯先生将孩子们一一放在人群面前，并对每个孩子进行了简短的介绍。
Applicants for the children were then admitted in order behind the railing and rapidly made their selection.
随后，孩子们的申请者在栏杆后面按顺序入场，并迅速做出选择。
If the child gave the assent, the bargain was concluded on the spot.
如果孩子同意，交易当场就达成了。
It was a pathetic sight to see those children, tired young people, weary, travel-stained, confused by the excitement, peering into those strange faces.
看到那些孩子们，疲惫的年轻人，疲倦的，旅行的污点，因兴奋而困惑，凝视着那些陌生的面孔，这是一个可悲的景象。
Hastings Hart.
黑斯廷斯·哈特.
The distributions continued for seventy-five years until 1929.
分配持续了七十五年，直到 1929 年。
It was a huge stage and we were all set up there in two rows, a semi-circle.
那是一个巨大的舞台，我们都排成两排，形成一个半圆形。
And the people were already down in the audience.
观众席上的人已经到了。
They had been notified ahead, the day before, that we would be there.
他们在前一天就已经接到通知，说我们会在那里。
LORRAINE WILLIAMS, Sent West, Age 4 : The big day came and we arrived on a Sunday in Kirksville, Missouri, at the Presbyterian church.
洛林·威廉姆斯（LORRAINE WILLIAMS），Sent West，4 岁：重要的一天到来了，我们于周日抵达密苏里州柯克斯维尔的长老会教堂。
We marched down the aisle, thirteen of us, and they would walk past us and you were viewed.
我们十三个人沿着过道行进，他们会从我们身边走过，你会被看到。
And that's a strange feeling.
这是一种奇怪的感觉。
You'd never been looked at in that way before.
以前从来没有人用这样的眼光看你。
You'd never seen people looking all around you.
你从来没有见过人们环顾四周。
That was an ordeal that no child should go through.
这是任何一个孩子都不应该经历的磨难。
They pulled us and pushed us and shoved us.
他们拉我们、推我们、推我们。
And this old man-- I had never seen anything like anybody chewing tobacco.
还有这个老人——我从来没有见过像嚼烟草这样的人。
I knew nothing about it.
我对此一无所知。
This old man came up and his mouth was all stained brown and I thought, well, he'd been eating chocolate candy or something.
这个老人走过来，他的嘴全是棕色的，我想，好吧，他一直在吃巧克力糖什么的。
Then he said, "Open your mouth." I looked at him and he-- "I want to see about your teeth." I opened my mouth and he stuck his finger in my mouth and just-- and rubbed over my teeth.
然后他说：“张开嘴。”我看着他，他——“我想看看你的牙齿。”我张开嘴，他把手指伸进我的嘴里，然后——然后摩擦我的牙齿。
And his old dirty hands just-- I wanted to bite, but I didn't.
而他那双又旧又脏的手只是——我想咬，但我没有。
The local minister, banker, doctor and other leading citizens were asked by the Children's Aid Society to form a committee to check qualifications of potential foster parents.
儿童援助协会要求当地部长、银行家、医生和其他重要公民成立一个委员会来检查潜在养父母的资格。
An agent explained the Society's rules to the crowd.
一名特工向人群解释了协会的规则。
All placements were to be made on a trial basis.
所有安置都是在试验的基础上进行的。
Legal adoption was not required.
不需要法律收养。
Dissatisfied children could leave.
不满意的孩子可以离开。
Those who stayed were expected to work as contributing members of the household.
那些留下来的人预计将作为家庭的贡献成员而工作。
The foster parents were asked to house, feed and educate the New York children in the same manner as their own.
寄养父母被要求以与自己孩子相同的方式安置、喂养和教育纽约的孩子。
Brace's system put its faith in the kindness of strangers.
布雷斯的系统相信陌生人的善意。
Well, I-- I lived on the farm out west and I-- my uncle was a doctor in Denton and I went in to see him that day.
嗯，我——我住在西部的农场里，我——我的叔叔是丹顿的一名医生，那天我去看他。
And he says, "I was down -- they called me last night -- down at Davis' rooming house.
他说：“我很沮丧——他们昨晚给我打电话——在戴维斯的宿舍。
They had a bunch of children down there and one of them was sick." Said, "they've got those children to find homes, give them homes." Said, "If I was you, I'd go down there and get one of those boys.
他们在那里有一群孩子，其中一个生病了。”说，“他们让这些孩子找到家，给他们一个家。”说，“如果我是你，我会去那里找一个男孩。
He could be a big help to you as he grew up and you could be a big help to him." And I went down and the lady said, "Now, here they all are." There was eight or ten in that row-- different kinds and different expressions and all different places they had come from, some from Italy, some from other countries.
他长大后会对你有很大的帮助，你也会对他有很大的帮助。”我走下去，那位女士说，“现在，他们都在这里。”那排有八个或十个——不同的种类和不同的表情，他们来自不同的地方，有的来自意大利，有的来自其他国家。
And they was all-- and they just let me pick the one I wanted.
他们都是——他们只是让我选择我想要的。
This little sharp-eyed boy, I said, "I'll take that one." And they fixed him up and he had a little bundle of clothes and we took him home.
我对这个目光锐利的小男孩说：“我要那个。”他们把他安顿好，给他带了一小包衣服，我们就带他回家了。
And I was nineteen and he was nine, I think.
我想我当时十九岁，他九岁。
I wasn't very comfortable up on that stage because I didn't know where I was going to go.
我在那个舞台上不太舒服，因为我不知道我要去哪里。
And I was old enough to realize that there could be a lot of mistakes made.
我已经足够大了，意识到可能会犯很多错误。
A farmer came up to me and he felt my muscles and he says, "Oh, you'd make a good hand on the farm." And I says, "Well, I'm not going to go home with you." I says, "You smell too bad.
一位农民向我走来，他摸了摸我的肌肉，然后说：“哦，你会在农场里干出一手好活的。”我说：“好吧，我不会和你一起回家。”我说：“你闻起来太难闻了。
You-- you haven't had a bath probably in a year."
你——你可能已经一年没洗澡了。”
And he took me by the arm and was going to lead me off the stage and I bit him.
他抓住我的手臂，准备带我走下舞台，我咬了他。
And that didn't work, so I kicked him.
但这不起作用，所以我踢了他。
And so then everybody in the audience thought I was an incorrigible.
于是观众中的每个人都认为我是一个不可救药的人。
They didn't want me because I was out of control.
他们不想要我，因为我失控了。
I was crying there in the chair by myself and a school teacher came up there and she says, "I'd like to take you home with me and play with my boy for a week.
我一个人坐在椅子上哭泣，一位学校老师走过来，她说：“我想带你回家，和我的儿子一起玩一周。
And if nobody wants you then, why, then we'll have to send you back to New York."
如果没人想要你，为什么，那么我们就不得不把你送回纽约。”
But this elderly couple in their sixties were contacted by this school teacher.
但这对六十多岁的老夫妇是被这位学校老师联系上的。
And they had no children, never did have.
他们没有孩子，从来没有孩子。
They had a stillborn about thirty years previous.
大约三十年前，他们生下了一个死产。
So he put me on my-- on his lap in this school teacher's home and-- and got acquainted with me.
所以他把我放在学校老师家里的腿上，然后就认识了我。
And he said, "If you go home with me, I'll buy you a pony and a bicycle and a puppy."
他说：“如果你跟我一起回家，我会给你买一匹小马、一辆自行车和一只小狗。”
So I thought that was great so I went home with them and I finally got the best home of the whole bunch.
所以我觉得这很棒，所以我和他们一起回家，我终于得到了这群人中最好的家。
But I always thought that biting and kicking did me a lot of good.
但我一直认为咬和踢对我有很多好处。
Best day of my life!
我一生中最美好的一天！
He was a little Italian, still had a little of that Italian talk.
他有一点意大利血统，仍然保留着一点意大利式的谈话风格。
Well, he was great.
嗯，他很棒。
We was in a buggy.
我们在一辆越野车里。
Come-- we had to get him our buggy and go eighteen miles to our farm.
来吧——我们得给他拿我们的马车，然后走十八英里到我们的农场。
He enjoyed setting down there, holding those lines.
他喜欢坐在那里，守着这些线。
Of course, the horse done most of the driving, anyway.
当然，无论如何，大部分驾驶工作都是由马完成的。
And we got out on that farm.
然后我们就到了那个农场。
He'd never been on a farm.
他从来没有去过农场。
He thinks, oh, that's a world to him.
他想，哦，这对他来说就是一个世界。
He saw chickens and hogs and sheep and everything and somebody gave him a little old pup after a year or two, an Airedale dog.
他看到了鸡、猪、羊和一切，一两年后有人给了他一只小小狗，一只艾尔代尔狗。
And of course, he thought he was a rich man, having a dog.
当然，他认为自己是个有钱人，养了一只狗。
No children have them in New York.
在纽约没有孩子有这样的东西。
It was interesting to see him-- the city ways he had, and put him in the country.
看到他很有趣——他有城市的生活方式，把他放在乡村里。
We got to the house and this nice old lady met me and says, "You look all right." Well, they had already had their supper, so she fixed a plate for me and this big goblet of milk.
我们到了房子，一位和善的老太太遇见了我，说：“你看起来不错。”好吧，他们已经吃过晚饭了，所以她给我准备了一个盘子和一大杯牛奶。
And I tasted it and I said, "It's sour." She heard it.
我尝了尝，说：“很酸。”她听到了。
She could hear that.
她能听到。
She said, "It is not.
她说：“事实并非如此。
I churned it fresh this morning." Well, I still didn't know what she was talking about.
我今天早上刚搅拌的。”好吧，我还是不知道她在说什么。
I said, "Well, I don't like it." She said, "You don't have to have it." Anyway, she took the glass away.
我说：“好吧，我不喜欢它。”她说：“你不必拥有它。”不管怎样，她把玻璃拿走了。
And her daughter-in-law was waiting for her husband to come out because the war was over now and her husband was stationed at Langley Field, Virginia, and he would be home soon.
而她的儿媳妇正在等待丈夫出来，因为现在战争已经结束，她的丈夫驻扎在弗吉尼亚州的兰利菲尔德，很快就会回家。
So I could sleep with her that night.
这样那天晚上我就可以和她一起睡了。
And that was really a night.
那真是一个夜晚。
She told me just exactly why those people wanted me, that she would be gone and I was growing up and I would be big enough to take care of that house.
她准确地告诉了我为什么那些人想要我，她会离开，我会长大，我会足够大来照顾那所房子。
And that's all they wanted with me, but she wouldn't be there to help me.
这就是他们想要的，但她不会在那里帮助我。
And said, "What can I do?" She says, "Go back to the hotel and tell them that this is just not for you." So she drew me a map of where I was, back to the Beckham, and I walked in and I never got such dirty looks in my life as I did when they saw me walk in that door.
并说：“我能做什么？”她说：“回到酒店并告诉他们这不适合你。”于是她给我画了一张我所在位置的地图，回到贝克汉姆，我走进去，当他们看到我走进那扇门时，我一生中从未受到如此肮脏的目光。
"Well, what happened to you?" And I said, "They didn't want a child.
“嗯，你怎么了？”我说：“他们不想要孩子。
They wanted a slave."
他们想要一个奴隶。”
The children whom no one selected were escorted back to the train and taken to the next stop on the line.
无人挑选的孩子们被护送回火车，并被带到线路的下一站。
By that time, there were some twenty, maybe twenty-five children left on the train, along with my brothers and I.
到那时，火车上只剩下大约二十个，也许二十五个孩子，还有我和我的兄弟们。
And we eventually wound up in a little town down in deep northeast Texas called Clarksville, Texas.
我们最终来到了德克萨斯州东北部深处的一个小镇，名叫德克萨斯州克拉克斯维尔。
And we were lined up again there and examined and everything.
我们又在那里排队并检查一切。
And a couple came by and picked up Gerald, who was only two-and-a-half years old.
一对夫妇过来接走了只有两岁半的杰拉尔德。
I don't suppose the child had ever been shown any love or anything because when the lady bent over to talk to him and everything, he just almost jumped in her arms and you could see him grab her around the neck.
我不认为这个孩子曾被表达过任何爱或任何东西，因为当那位女士弯下腰与他说话之类的时候，他几乎跳进她的怀里，你可以看到他抓住她的脖子。
And so they decided to take Gerald.
所以他们决定带走杰拉德。
There again, I-- I felt terrible because I knew I was losing a brother right there.
再次，我感觉很糟糕，因为我知道我就在那里失去了一个兄弟。
And they took Gerald over to the table, did the paperwork and he was just happy as he could be until they started out the door and he suddenly realized that he was losing his brothers.
他们把杰拉尔德带到桌子旁，做了文书工作，他非常高兴，直到他们走出门，他突然意识到他正在失去他的兄弟。
And he turned around and screamed right loud for his "bruvvers." And, of course, that broke my heart again.
他转过身来，大声地为他的“兄弟们”尖叫。当然，这再次让我心碎。
The next morning, the door of the room opened up and two men were standing in the doorway and one of them-- I started here and looked up, like that, and I thought I would never quit looking.
第二天早上，房间的门打开了，两个男人站在门口，其中一个——我从这里开始向上看，就像那样，我想我永远不会停止寻找。
That was, I thought, the biggest man I ever saw in my life.
我想，那是我一生中见过的最伟大的人。
Probably was.
可能是。
It was my dad, my foster-- would be my foster dad.
这是我的父亲，我的养父——将是我的养父。
And he said, "May we come in?" And the matron said, "Oh, yes.
他说：“我们可以进来吗？”女护士长说：“哦，是的。
Come on.
来吧。
This is Hazel, sitting right here on the floor." Says, "Get up, Hazel, and shake hands." And I got up and he says, "You're going to be my little girl." And I says, "If you ever hit me, I'll never get up." He says, "Dear, I'll never hit you.
这是黑兹尔，就坐在地板上。”说：“黑兹尔，站起来，握手。”我站起来，他说：“你将成为我的小女儿。”我说：“如果你打我，我就永远爬不起来。”他说：“亲爱的，我永远不会打你。
I'll never hit you.
我永远不会打你。
And he never did.
但他从来没有这样做过。
He never did.
他从来没有这样做过。
Children were sent to Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Kansas and Texas, forty-seven states in all.
孩子们被送往密歇根州、伊利诺伊州、爱荷华州、明尼苏达州、堪萨斯州和德克萨斯州，总共四十七个州。
They were taken to sod houses and cabins, to large farm houses and shop-keepers' homes in town.
他们被带到草皮屋和小木屋，到镇上的大农舍和店主家里。
From the very beginning, many of these placements made so hastily did not go according to plan.
从一开始，许多仓促安排的安置都没有按计划进行。
[ Mrs. Charles Sabin ] "Julia McCann came to us with very erroneous ideas.
[查尔斯·萨宾夫人]“朱莉娅·麦肯带着非常错误的想法来到我们这里。
She expected to be taken care of by rich people."
她希望得到有钱人的照顾。”
[John Doren ] "I had your son for about three months and he did not suit me, so I gave him up to Mr. Gilson and gave him to a good farmer and the farmer could not keep him."
[约翰·多伦]“我怀了你的儿子大约三个月了，他不适合我，所以我把他交给了吉尔森先生，并把他送给了一个好农民，但那个农民无法留住他。”
[foster father] "We farmers can hardly imagine how it is that these boys can be so awkward on a farm.
[养父]“我们农民很难想象这些男孩在农场里怎么会如此尴尬。
I've promised to give them a horse apiece if they will stay and be good boys.
我答应过，如果他们愿意留下来，做个好孩子，就给他们每人一匹马。
I fear that they will run away."
我担心他们会逃跑。”
Children drifted from farm to farm.
孩子们从一个农场漂流到另一个农场。
Some even made their way back to New York.
有些人甚至回到了纽约。
There were stories of children landing in reform school in Michigan; from Indiana, rumors of children on the dole.
有一些关于孩子们进入密歇根改良学校的故事；来自印第安纳州的儿童领取救济金的传言。
A southerner named J.
南方人名叫J.
H.
H.
Mills claimed that "men needing labor, their slaves being set free, take these boys and treat them as slaves."
米尔斯声称，“需要劳动力的人，他们的奴隶被释放，把这些男孩当作奴隶对待。”
There was one boy.
有一个男孩。
I refused to go home with this farmer, too.
我也拒绝和这个农民一起回家。
He took this other boy, Albert-- maybe I shouldn't name him, but-- and they kept him on the farm, wouldn't send him to school, worked him eighteen hours a day in the field and he just lost his mind.
他带走了另一个男孩，阿尔伯特——也许我不应该说出他的名字，但是——他们把他留在农场，不送他上学，每天在田里干活十八个小时，他就失去了理智。
And he died at an early age, less than thirty years of age.
而且他死的很早，还不到三十岁。
And he finally ran away from home, but it was too late.
最终他离家出走，但为时已晚。
They wouldn't let him go to town and see people, afraid he'd tell them how badly he was treated.
他们不让他进城见人，担心他会告诉他们他受到了多么恶劣的对待。
And he never saw anybody.
而且他从来没有见过任何人。
Didn't-- once-- I saw him about two times during the whole time he was there, about ten years.
在他在那里的整个时间里，大约十年，我没有见过他大约两次。
I just saw him twice and he was afraid to talk to me.
我只见过他两次，他不敢和我说话。
And I couldn't-- I couldn't help him.
我不能——我不能帮助他。
I didn't know enough to help him.
我不够了解，无法帮助他。
But my dad always thought that he was abused, so he was afraid to talk about it, afraid he'd be abused some more.
但我爸爸一直认为他被虐待了，所以他不敢谈论这件事，害怕他会被更多的虐待。
The record books are filled with names and dates, details of departures and arrivals, but say little about the quality of the children's treatment.
记录簿上写满了姓名、日期、出发和到达的详细信息，但很少提及孩子们的待遇质量。
The extent of abuse is unknown.
虐待的程度尚不清楚。
The Society's goal was to visit each child once a year, but there were only a handful of agents to monitor thousands of placements.
该协会的目标是每年探望每个孩子一次，但只有少数代理人来监控数千个安置情况。
With reports of children drifting through the countryside, Brace consented in 1883 to an independent investigation.
1883 年，随着有关儿童在乡村漂流的报道，布雷斯同意进行独立调查。
It found the local committees were ineffective at screening foster parents.
调查发现，地方委员会在筛选养父母方面效率低下。
Supervision was lax.
监管松懈。
Many older boys had run away.
许多年龄较大的男孩都逃跑了。
But its overall conclusion was positive.
但其总体结论是积极的。
The majority of children under fourteen were leading satisfactory lives.
大多数十四岁以下的儿童都过着令人满意的生活。
[Ann] "Dear Mr. Brace: When I lived in New York, I had no bonnet and now I have more bonnets than I can wear.
[安]“亲爱的布雷斯先生：当我住在纽约时，我没有帽子，现在我的帽子多得我无法戴了。
And I get no whippings and I have a father and mother and brothers and sisters here and they are kinder to me than my own ever were.
我没有受到鞭打，我在这里有父亲、母亲和兄弟姐妹，他们对我比对我自己的人更加友善。
I think I will never be happier than I am now."
我想我永远不会比现在更幸福了。”
In New York, the children of a new generation of immigrants were facing deprivation and homelessness.
在纽约，新一代移民的孩子面临着贫困和无家可归的问题。
Brace continued to insist that removal from the city was the street children's best hope for deliverance.
布雷斯继续坚持认为，离开城市是街头儿童获得解脱的最大希望。
he used photographs like these, made by his protégé, Jacob Riis, to dramatize their plight.
他使用他的门徒雅各布·里斯 (Jacob Riis) 拍摄的这些照片来戏剧化地表现他们的困境。
The Society boasted about the story of two street kids, Andrew Burke and John Brady, who were sent to the same Indiana town on the same day.
该协会夸耀了两个街头儿童安德鲁·伯克和约翰·布雷迪的故事，他们在同一天被送到印第安纳州的同一个小镇。
On arrival, the judge who adopted Brady considered him "the homeliest, toughest, most unpromising boy in the whole lot." He said, "I had a curious desire to see what could be made of such a specimen of humanity." John Brady grew up to be governor of Alaska.
到达后，收养布雷迪的法官认为他是“这群男孩中最相貌、最坚强、最没有前途的男孩”。他说：“我有一种好奇的愿望，想看看这样一个人类标本能变成什么样子。”约翰·布雷迪长大后成为阿拉斯加州州长。
His friend, Andrew Burke, grew up to be governor of North Dakota.
他的朋友安德鲁·伯克长大后成为北达科他州州长。
But many rural people viewed the orphan train children with suspicion, as incorrigible offspring of drunkards and prostitutes.
但许多农村人对孤儿培养的孩子持怀疑态度，认为他们是酒鬼和妓女不可救药的后代。
The children spoke with the accents of Ireland, Germany and Italy.
孩子们操着爱尔兰、德国和意大利的口音。
Unlike most Midwesterners, many were Catholic.
与大多数中西部人不同，许多人是天主教徒。
One official said, "What was good for New York was very bad for the west."
一位官员表示，“对纽约有利的事情对西方来说却非常不利。”
[farmer] "I have known several of these city Arabs being provided with homes and never heard of but one that proved to be honest.
[农民]“我知道这些城市的阿拉伯人中的一些人得到了住房，但除了一个被证明是诚实的之外，从未听说过。
I believe it is the blood and not the education that tells."
我相信是血液而不是教育来决定的。”
Bad blood.
坏血。
That's what they used to consider it.
他们过去就是这么考虑的。
We kids from New York were of inferior stock.
我们这些来自纽约的孩子素质较差。
Bad blood is what's running through those veins and some people have bad blood and others have blue blood.
血管中流淌着坏血，有些人有坏血，而另一些人则有贵族血统。
Well, the bad blood is supposed to carry the bad things down from your parents.
好吧，坏血统应该会把坏事从你父母那里遗传下来。
Through your life, all the bad things are supposed to come through that bad blood and you don't have a chance to do better.
在你的一生中，所有的坏事都应该是由那些不和造成的，而你没有机会做得更好。
The first day of school, they took me to the third grade.
开学第一天，他们就把我带到三年级。
I could hear whispers among the kids.
我能听到孩子们之间的窃窃私语。
"There's an orphan and he's going to be in our class.
“有一个孤儿，他将在我们班上。
And they say you don't know what his background is." And they-- they kind of dodged me and they-- they said, "Well, he's an orphan.
他们说你不知道他的背景是什么。”他们——他们有点躲着我，他们——他们说，“嗯，他是个孤儿。
We don't want to have anything to do with him," because they wasn't used to that.
我们不想和他有任何关系，”因为他们不习惯这样。
They were-- they were farming families and well-- well-knit families, most of them, and they was-- they didn't have that kind of trouble.
他们是——他们是农民家庭，而且是良好的——团结良好的家庭，他们中的大多数人，他们是——他们没有那种麻烦。
TONI WEILER, Sent to Nebraska : You know, I was never invited to birthday parties.
托尼·韦勒（TONI WEILER），被派往内布拉斯加州：你知道，我从未被邀请参加生日聚会。
I would see other children going to birthday parties and it really hurt.
我会看到其他孩子去参加生日聚会，这真的很痛苦。
Children didn't want me.
孩子们不想要我。
They didn't want to play with me.
他们不想和我玩。
And I remember, possibly in the fourth grade, when this-- I was walking with this girl and this mother came to the screen door and she said, "Haven't I told you I don't want you to walk with her?
我记得，可能是在四年级的时候，当我和这个女孩一起散步时，这位母亲来到纱门前，她说：“我不是告诉过你我不想让你和她一起散步吗？
I don't want you to talk to her.
我不想让你跟她说话。
Get away from her." And that's the way it was.
离她远点。”事情就是这样。
And it was very hurtful because sometimes I'd go home and look in the mirror.
这非常伤人，因为有时我会回家照镜子。
What was the matter with me?
我到底怎么了？
I didn't know.
我不知道。
Somehow, those people, the ones I went to school with, knew that I was a bastard.
不知怎的，那些和我一起上学的人都知道我是个混蛋。
The children expressed their hopes, fears and loneliness in letters they wrote to Brace and his colleagues.
孩子们在写给布雷斯和他的同事的信中表达了他们的希望、恐惧和孤独。
[Katie Murphy] "Elkhart, Indiana, May 28th, 1865.
[凯蒂·墨菲]“印第安纳州埃尔克哈特，1865 年 5 月 28 日。
Dear Friend: The place where I lived I did not like.
亲爱的朋友：我不喜欢我住的地方。
They whipped me till I was all black and blue.
他们把我鞭打得遍体鳞伤。
I told the lady I did not like to stay there, so she told me I might leave.
我告诉那位女士我不想呆在那里，所以她告诉我我可以离开。
I have a good place now.
我现在有一个好地方了。
I hope you will write to me and let me know if you see any of my folks in New York.
我希望你写信给我，如果你在纽约见到我的家人，请告诉我。
I would give one hundred worlds like this if I could see my mother.
如果我能见到我的母亲，我愿意给一百个这样的世界。
Katie Murphy."
凯蒂·墨菲。”
Annie Williams was sent to live in this house in Battle Creek, Michigan.
安妮·威廉姆斯被送到密歇根州巴特尔克里克的这座房子里居住。
An Irish orphan, she'd been discovered by one of Brace's agents sleeping in a doorway near the New York docks.
她是一名爱尔兰孤儿，被布雷斯的一名特工发现，当时她睡在纽约码头附近的门口。
Brace visited Annie while on a field trip to the Midwest.
布雷斯在中西部实地考察时拜访了安妮。
She later wrote him this letter.
她后来给他写了这封信。
[Annie Williams] "January 12th, 1862.
[安妮·威廉姆斯]“1862 年 1 月 12 日。
Dear Mr. Brace: It is rather pleasant today for winter weather.
亲爱的布雷斯先生： 今天冬天的天气相当宜人。
I go to school and enjoy myself first-rate.
我去学校并享受一流的生活。
I would like to teach school when I get a good education.
当我受到良好的教育时，我想在学校教书。
But sometimes I have a great deal of trouble and woe.
但有时我也会遇到很多麻烦和不幸。
I build many air castles and before they are entirely constructed, they tumble down in a heap of ruins.
我建造了许多空中城堡，但在它们完全建成之前，它们就倒塌成一堆废墟。
I suppose we must take life's journey as it comes.
我想我们必须顺其自然地踏上人生旅程。
Annie Williams."
安妮·威廉姆斯。”
You didn't think about the years ahead of time.
你没有考虑提前几年。
You're trying to think a day ahead of time and you live in hopes that the good will come, but you doubt it, at the same time.
你试图提前一天思考，你生活在美好的事物即将到来的希望之中，但同时你又对此表示怀疑。
Anyways, the Naillings took me in and they took me, gave me a room of my own that was almost unbelievable for anyone to have-- a boy that age to have a room of their own.
不管怎样，钉子一家收留了我，他们收留了我，给了我一个自己的房间，这对于任何人来说几乎是难以置信的——一个这个年纪的男孩拥有自己的房间。
The next morning we went in for a huge breakfast and the breakfast was set in the main dining room, which was an honor.
第二天早上我们进去吃了一顿丰盛的早餐，早餐是在主餐厅享用的，这是一种荣幸。
And the prayer was most gratifying and it gave me a new thought on life, that maybe this wasn't so bad, after all, that I'd kind of wait and see how things worked out.
祈祷是最令人欣慰的，它给了我对生活的新想法，也许这并没有那么糟糕，毕竟我会等待，看看事情会如何发展。
You have to have something deep inside of you that will make you want to keep going.
你内心深处必须有某种东西让你想要继续前进。
When I went to school, they had a game they played.
当我去学校时，他们玩一个游戏。
"Send in and send out" was the name of it.
“送进送出”就是它的名字。
And the width of the playing ground-- playground, they would line up and they'd go after people.
操场的宽度——操场，他们会排成一排，追赶人。
Well, they had-- they wanted fast runners, so I started running home and running back to school and running, running, running.
嗯，他们想要跑得快，所以我开始跑回家，跑回学校，跑，跑，跑。
Wherever I went, I was running.
无论我走到哪里，我都在奔跑。
And one day, I finally talked them into, "Please let me play.
有一天，我终于说服了他们，“请让我玩吧。
Just please, just once let me play and go after somebody." That was all it took.
求你了，就让我玩一次，去追一个人吧。”仅此而已。
I was in sixth grade.
我当时读六年级。
After that, they fought over who got me because I could catch anybody there was.
在那之后，他们为谁抓到我而争吵，因为我可以抓到任何人。
Nobody seemed to want to keep me very long.
似乎没有人愿意让我呆太久。
I was shuffled from one home to another for many months until I finally was placed with the Carmens.
我从一个家搬到另一个家好几个月，直到最后被安置在卡门一家。
That's me and that's my calf.
那是我，那是我的小腿。
I made pets out of all the calves and they just tagged me everywhere.
我用所有的小牛做了宠物，它们只是到处贴上我的标签。
I really had a wonderful time.
我真的度过了一段美好的时光。
They were so good to me and-- as far as having a wonderful family, I was one of the lucky.
他们对我很好，就拥有一个美好的家庭而言，我是幸运的人之一。
They were always there for me when I needed them.
当我需要他们时，他们总是在我身边。
Always.
总是。
[Sallie Highland] "Danville, Indiana, June 5th, 1865.
[萨利高地]“印第安纳州丹维尔，1865 年 6 月 5 日。
You wanted to know if John Reyer is with me.
你想知道约翰·雷尔是否和我在一起。
He is with me and always will be.
他与我同在，并且永远如此。
If he were our own son, we could not love him more than we do.
如果他是我们自己的儿子，我们不会比我们更爱他。
We have given him our name.
我们已经给了他我们的名字。
We call him Charlie Highland.
我们叫他查理高地。
He thinks we are his parents and we want him to.
他认为我们是他的父母，我们希望他这样做。
I love him so much that it would break my heart to part with him.
我非常爱他，与他分开会让我心碎。
Mrs. Sallie Highland."
萨莉·海兰夫人。”
My adoptive mother, Mrs. Nailling, she lived with a horror that I would eventually go back to New York to my biological people.
我的养母，奈林夫人，她生活在一种恐惧之中，她担心我最终会回到纽约，回到我的亲生身边。
And, of course, after two or three years with them, that was just past thinking because I was happy where I was.
当然，在和他们在一起两三年之后，这已经成为过去的想法了，因为我对自己所处的位置很满意。
And I don't imagine I would have gone back if I'd have had the chance, but even after I was grown, she had that horror.
我不认为如果有机会我会回去，但即使在我长大后，她仍然感到恐惧。
I remember my mother hiding a letter one time from the Dr. Hoffman, wanting to know if I was happy and well cared for an all.
我记得我母亲有一次藏了一封霍夫曼医生写给我的信，想知道我是否幸福，是否得到很好的照顾。
And she put it up on top of a corner shelf and it stayed up there, I guess, for ten or twelve years.
她把它放在角落的架子上，我猜它在那里放了十年或十二年。
When I got the letter that my mother had died, I just felt like the door had closed.
当我收到母亲去世的信时，我只觉得门关上了。
I just walked out of the house, walked down the road.
我刚走出家门，沿着马路走去。
It was cotton-picking time.
正是采棉花的时节。
Daddy had said I could stay at the house.
爸爸说我可以留在家里。
I did, but I didn't cry.
我做到了，但我没有哭。
I just felt, "Well, this is the end of something."
我只是觉得，“好吧，这就是某件事的结束了。”
And there was always that hope that she would get better and I would get a letter or maybe she would come.
人们总是希望她会好起来，我会收到一封信，或者也许她会来。
Somehow or other, I still had that hope.
不知怎的，我仍然抱有这样的希望。
Nobody can understand the loneliness that an orphan feels.
没有人能理解孤儿的孤独感。
it's a loneliness-- you just don't know who you are.
这是一种孤独——你只是不知道自己是谁。
You don't know where you come from.
你不知道自己从哪里来。
So there-- there's that, with the combination that if only-- if you could just only have known your biological mother, if you just could have seen her.
所以，就是这样，如果你能认识你的亲生母亲，如果你能看到她就好了。
As far as I have been able to research, my biological mother never made an inquiry.
据我所知，我的亲生母亲从未询问过。
You'd have thought maybe there'd have been a little ache in her heart to wonder whatever happened to me.
你可能会想，也许她的心里会有点疼痛，想知道我发生了什么事。
And if I die, should be fortunate to go to heaven, and if I saw her in heaven, I guess I would speak and say-- and extend a hand and say, "My name is Lorraine and you're Marguerite, aren't you." I would not say, "I am your daughter.
如果我死了，应该有幸去天堂，如果我在天堂看到她，我想我会说话并伸出一只手说：“我的名字是洛林，你是玛格丽特，不是吗？”我不会说：“我是你的女儿。
I would leave that up there to her to put two and two together.
我会把这个留给她把两个和两个放在一起。
And unless she had a comment, I believe I would walk on because the true Mother and Dad who loved me, cared for me in sickness and in health, were the ones that cared so much that they legally adopted me.
除非她有意见，否则我相信我会继续走下去，因为真正爱我的父母，无论疾病还是健康都关心我，他们非常关心我，所以他们合法地收养了我。
They loved me and they were my mother and my father and I think they are the only two ones that should be called rightfully Mother and Father.
他们爱我，他们是我的母亲和父亲，我认为他们是唯一两个应该被正确称为母亲和父亲的人。
It hurt awfully bad, being separated from my family.
与家人分离让我非常痛苦。
But as I got older and realized, I would have never stood a chance if they had left me in that environment, I would never have gotten to do anything I was capable of.
但随着年龄的增长，我意识到，如果他们把我留在那种环境中，我将永远没有机会，我将永远无法做我能做的任何事情。
By them picking me up and moving me clear away from it, as bad as it was afterwards, I got a chance to do what I was capable of doing, making something of myself, being a good mother.
他们把我抱起来，让我远离它，尽管事后情况很糟糕，但我有机会做我能做的事情，做一些自己的事情，做一个好母亲。
I think he looked on me as a father -- I feel like he did -- and my wife as a mother.
我认为他视我为父亲——我感觉他也是如此——而我的妻子则为母亲。
And we went through life together.
我们一起度过了一生。
He just passed away, I think, at seventy-two years old.
我想他刚刚去世，享年七十二岁。
And I was always and still am glad that I did that one thing, to take that boy and raise him.
我一直很高兴我做了一件事，带那个男孩并抚养他。
This is the picture-- this is the knickers and the high-laced boots and the blouse that I wore on the train.
这是照片——这是我在火车上穿的内裤、高带靴子和衬衫。
And this is the picture-- I first had-- I was eight and a half then.
这是我第一次拍的照片，当时我八岁半。
I'd been with the-- with my parents for six months and they dressed me up for the picture.
我和我的父母在一起六个月了，他们为我打扮得漂漂亮亮的。
My mother wanted it when I was all dressed up so she could show it to her relatives.
我妈妈想要我盛装打扮后给她的亲戚看。
She just wanted to show me off!
她只是想向我炫耀而已！
My father couldn't wait till he could buy my first pony.
我父亲迫不及待地想买我的第一匹小马。
He just went all over the country trying to find a pony for me.
他刚刚走遍全国试图为我寻找一匹小马。
He was a very successful merchant.
他是一位非常成功的商人。
He owned a hardware store.
他拥有一家五金店。
He was president of the bank.
他是该银行的行长。
And he owned two farms.
他拥有两个农场。
I never did work on a farm.
我从未在农场工作过。
He never asked me to.
他从来没有要求我这样做。
I never had a spanking.
我从来没有挨过打屁股。
Never had a spanking of any kind or correction.
从未受过任何形式的打屁股或纠正。
My dad would put me on his lap and say, "I want you to be a good boy.
我爸爸会把我放在他的腿上说：“我希望你成为一个好孩子。
And you made some mistakes today and I want you to-- to be a good citizen." And he never did spank me, but I-- it got next to me, you know?
你今天犯了一些错误，我希望你成为一个好公民。”他从来没有打过我屁股，但我——它就在我旁边，你知道吗？
He wanted to give me a good start.
他想给我一个好的开始。
He-- the kindness is what got next to me.
他——善良是我身边的人。
He saved my life.
他救了我的命。
I tried to live the life that Alvin Bobo wanted me to live and I think I have.
我试图过阿尔文·波波希望我过的生活，我想我已经做到了。
The Orphan Train program was widely imitated.
孤儿列车计划被广泛模仿。
Forty thousand children were sent to Catholic communities by a religious order, the Sisters of Charity, and organizations in Boston, Philadelphia and Chicago relocated thousands more.
慈善修女会宗教团体将四万名儿童送往天主教社区，波士顿、费城和芝加哥的组织又重新安置了数千名儿童。
When Charles Loring Brace died in 1890, he was acclaimed as the most influential child saver of the nineteenth century.
1890 年查尔斯·洛林·布雷斯 (Charles Loring Brace) 去世后，他被誉为 19 世纪最有影响力的儿童救助者。
But in the twentieth century, America's vision of childhood was changing.
但在二十世纪，美国人对童年的看法正在发生变化。
The emphasis was shifting from the virtues of work to the benefits of play, from children's economic value to their emotional needs.
重点从工作的优点转向玩耍的好处，从儿童的经济价值转向他们的情感需求。
On May 31st, 1929, the Children's Aid Society sent three boys to Sulfur Springs, Texas.
1929 年 5 月 31 日，儿童援助协会将三名男孩送往德克萨斯州硫磺泉。
It was the last of the orphan trains.
这是最后一列孤儿列车。
Back when he began, Brace said, "When a child of the streets stands before you in rags, with tear-stained face, you cannot easily forget him, and yet you are perplexed what to do.
布雷斯在演讲开始时说道：“当一个衣衫褴褛、泪流满面的街头小孩站在你面前时，你很难忘记他，但你却不知所措。
The human soul is difficult to interfere with.
人的灵魂是很难干涉的。
You hesitate how far you should go."
你犹豫着应该走多远。”
Here's a list of books to learn more about the Orphan Trains.
以下是了解有关孤儿列车的更多信息的书籍列表。