The Center of the World: New York, A Documentary Film

Founded by the Dutch as a remote outpost in a worldwide network of trading colonies, it had moved in the course of its first 300 years from the far edge of empire to the very center of the world.

它由荷兰人建立，作为全球贸易殖民地网络中的一个偏远前哨基地，在其最初 300 年的发展过程中，从帝国的遥远边缘转移到了世界的正中心。

Rising to greatness as America itself rose to greatness in the course of the 19th century -- gathering in money and peoples from around the country and around the world -- it had emerged by the dawn of the 20th century as the unofficial capital, and supreme laboratory, of a new kind of mixed and cosmopolitan culture.

随着美国本身在 19 世纪走向伟大——聚集了来自全国各地和世界各地的金钱和人民——它的崛起在 20 世纪初成为一种新型混合和国际化文化的非官方首都和最高实验室。

In the century to come -- reaching higher and projecting farther than any other city on earth -- it had become the epicenter of a new kind of global economic order -- restlessly pushing itself out across the world -- until the skyline of New York had become one of the most powerful and instantly recognizable symbols on the face of the planet.

在即将到来的世纪里，它比地球上任何其他城市都更高、更远，成为一种新的全球经济秩序的中心，不断地将自己推向世界各地，直到纽约的天际线成为地球上最有力、最容易辨认的标志之一。

And yet -- in ways that would become fully apparent only in hindsight -- by the dawn of the 21st century New York had also emerged as one of the most strangely paradoxical cities on earth -- at once bewilderingly diverse and cosmopolitan -- and yet in many ways, surprisingly insular and inward-looking -- as if the process of globalization had mainly meant gathering in the world's peoples and riches -- without involvement in the world's deep conflicts and divisions.

然而，到了 21 世纪之初，纽约也成为地球上最奇怪的矛盾城市之一，同时又令人眼花缭乱地多元化和国际化，但在许多方面又令人惊讶地孤立和内向，仿佛全球化进程主要意味着聚集世界各地的人民和财富，而没有卷入世界深刻的冲突和分裂，这一点只有在事后才能完全显现出来。

Niall Ferguson, Historian & Professor of History, New York University: Well, I think the experience of globalization, for Americans and particularly for New Yorkers, was very lopsided.

纽约大学历史学家兼历史学教授尼尔·弗格森：嗯，我认为对于美国人，特别是对于纽约人来说，全球化的经历是非常不平衡的。

They thought they could have the benefits of a globalized economy and none of the costs.

他们认为自己可以享受全球化经济带来的好处，而无需付出任何代价。

They thought you could globalize economics but not politics, not violence.

他们认为经济可以全球化，但政治和暴力不行。

And in a sense, that the tools of globalization -- the skyscrapers, jets -- could only be used for benign purposes.

从某种意义上说，全球化的工具——摩天大楼、喷气式飞机——只能用于良性目的。

The notion that these tools could be used for destruction in the pursuit of extreme ideological objectives -- specifically anti-American, anti-global objectives -- had dawned, I think, to relatively few people and so it came as literally a bolt from the blue when it happened.

我认为，相对少数人意识到，这些工具可以用来进行破坏，以实现极端意识形态目标，特别是反美、反全球目标，因此，当它发生时，这简直就是晴天霹雳。

Reader, Timothy Garton Ash, April 9th, 2002: America is part of everyone's imaginative life -- through movies, music, television and the web -- whether you grow up in Bilbao, Beijing or Bombay.

读者，蒂莫西·加顿·阿什，2002 年 4 月 9 日：美国是每个人想象生活的一部分——通过电影、音乐、电视和网络——无论你是在毕尔巴鄂、北京还是孟买长大。

Everyone has a New York in their heads, even if they have never been there -- which is why the destruction of the twin towers had such an impact.

每个人的脑海里都有一个纽约，即使他们从未去过那里——这就是为什么双子塔的毁坏会产生如此大的影响。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: My love for the towers was in my relation with them -- not as an overall appreciation almost in an architectural sense: my love was for their life they were alive.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：我对塔楼的爱在于我与它们的关系——而不是几乎在建筑意义上的整体欣赏：我的爱是对它们活着的生命。

Not many people know that.

没有多少人知道这一点。

The people who build them know that.

建造它们的人都知道这一点。

They were vibrating with the passage of a cloud over the sun, difference of temperature, the wind.

它们随着太阳上空的云层、温差和风而振动。

And the skeleton was actually making noise.

而骷髅竟然发出了声音。

I discovered that.

我发现了这一点。

And at times the towers were asleep, hibernating.

有时，塔楼正在睡觉、冬眠。

And at times they wake up and they cry and they almost -- yell for help.

有时他们醒来后会哭泣，几乎要大声呼救。

I think I loved them from the inside.

我想我是发自内心地爱他们的。

I didn't find them beautiful and interesting at first sight.

第一眼看上去我并没有觉得它们美丽又有趣。

But as I get to know them -- as I found out that to build those two monolith you had to had a group of insane designer -- architect -- structural engineer -- builders, hundreds of them for years it became something to love.

但随着我对它们的了解，我发现要建造这两座巨石，你必须有一群疯狂的设计师、建筑师、结构工程师、建筑商，多年来，数百人的工作变得令人喜爱。

I love their strength and their arrogance, somehow.

不知何故，我喜欢他们的力量和傲慢。

They were so overlooking the skyline of New York.

他们如此俯瞰纽约的天际线。

Somehow anything that is giant and manmade strikes me in an awesome way and calls me.

不知何故，任何巨大的人造物体都会以一种令人敬畏的方式打动我并召唤我。

And I cannot see the highest towers being built without wanting to celebrate their birth, right there.

当我看到最高的塔楼建成时，我不想庆祝它们的诞生，就在那里。

Conceived in the giddy aftermath of World War Two -- and rising as America itself rose to global power in the decades following the war -- they were destined to become the real and symbolic epicenter of an economic system that would come to dominate much of the face of the planet.

它们是在第二次世界大战令人眼花缭乱的余波中诞生的，随着美国在战后几十年内崛起为全球强国而崛起，它们注定将成为一个经济体系的真正和象征性的中心，而这个经济体系将主宰地球的大部分地区。

More than any other structures of the age, they would be intimately bound up from start to finish with the awesome forces reshaping New York in the second half of the 20th century -- and with the even greater forces propelling America itself relentlessly upward -- and ever outward -- across an increasingly complex and interconnected globe.

与这个时代的任何其他结构相比，它们自始至终都与20世纪下半叶重塑纽约的强大力量紧密相连，也与推动美国自身在日益复杂和相互联系的全球范围内不断向上和不断向外推动的更强大力量紧密相连。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: There was a real sort of magnetic pull that these buildings had around the world.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：这些建筑在世界各地都具有真正的吸引力。

And certainly, they were a very convenient symbol for those who would want to destroy us, of capitalism, of the American system, of the 20th century, of modernity, of all of those things.

当然，对于那些想要摧毁我们、资本主义、美国体系、20世纪、现代性以及所有这些东西的人来说，它们是一个非常方便的象征。

And more than any symbol in America, they said to the world not just, "This is America," but, "This is a modern place.

与美国的任何象征相比，他们不仅向世界说“这就是美国”，而且“这是一个现代化的地方。

This is a place of the 20th century." And that made them, I think, a very potent target in a whole different way.

这是20世纪的地方。”我认为，这使他们以完全不同的方式成为一个非常有效的目标。

Pete Hamill, Writer: The event was not a strike just at New York.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：这次事件不仅仅是纽约的罢工。

It was at the heart of New York.

它位于纽约的中心。

It was the place that was the womb of this city.

这里是这座城市的子宫。

It's where this city was born.

这是这座城市的诞生地。

That bunch of acres at the tip of Manhattan.

曼哈顿尽头的那片土地。

That thing holds all our history, everything down there.

那东西保存着我们所有的历史，那里的一切。

There's a kind of template that was cut geographically by the Dutch and the English that still exists to this day.

有一种由荷兰人和英国人在地理上切割的模板至今仍然存在。

It was the city that made all the rest of the city possible.

正是这座城市让这座城市的其他一切成为可能。

The genius that accumulated, impacted and collided in those streets, that handful of streets below Chambers Street, was the city that created the imagination to first go up, to make a vertical city out of a horizontal city.

在这些街道上，在钱伯斯街下面的那几条街道上，聚集、冲击和碰撞的天才，是这座城市创造了首先向上的想象力，从水平城市中打造出垂直城市。

So that when they hit that, they hit where our civilization began.

因此，当他们击中这一点时，他们就击中了我们文明的起点。

Civilization comes from the same root as civic and as city.

文明与公民和城市同根同源。

It's a thing that happens in cities.

这是发生在城市里的事情。

And they came smashing into it, vandalizing it.

他们冲撞它，破坏它。

Raised into the sky during one of the most tumultuous and complex periods in the city's history -- by a unique combination of pride, ambition, audacity, greed, idealism, ingenuity and folly -- the colossal towers were in many ways the last of their kind, and a mighty culmination -- the stunning climax of more than 70 years of building tall on the island of Manhattan -- and the last and most controversial of the massive urban renewal projects that would transform New York during the postwar period.

在这座城市历史上最动荡、最复杂的时期之一拔地而起，这些巨型塔楼以独特的方式结合了自豪、野心、大胆、贪婪、理想主义、独创性和愚蠢，从很多方面来说，它们都是此类建筑中的最后一个，也是一个伟大的顶峰——曼哈顿岛70多年来高楼大厦的惊人高潮——也是战后改变纽约的大型城市更新项目中最后一个也是最具争议的项目期间。

The effort it would take just to get them off the ground -- to say nothing of raising the two largest structures in the world more than a quarter of a mile into the sky -- from the tangled streets of the most densely concentrated business district on earth -- would require the greatest convergence of public and private power the city had ever seen -- and embroil their builders in every conflict and tension of the age.

光是让它们从地球上最密集的商业区的错综复杂的街道上拔地而起，更不用说将世界上最大的两座建筑提升到四分之一英里以上的高度，就需要这座城市有史以来最大规模的公共和私人力量的融合，并将其建设者卷入这个时代的每一次冲突和紧张之中。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: I think you should think of the two towers as in one sense the moon shot of structural engineering and skyscraper construction.

纽约时报记者詹姆斯·格兰茨：我认为您应该将这两座塔视为结构工程和摩天大楼建设的某种意义上的登月计划。

They were unprecedented in the same way that the NASA program -- the Apollo program -- was, in virtually the same era.

它们是史无前例的，就像美国宇航局的计划——阿波罗计划——几乎在同一时代一样。

And they had similar ambitions.

他们有相似的抱负。

Just in terms of quantity, they were the biggest.

就数量而言，他们是最大的。

They were 10 million square feet of space.

它们的空间有1000万平方英尺。

Nothing had come remotely close to that number in terms of the amount of real estate in one complex.

就一个建筑群的房地产数量而言，没有任何东西能与这个数字相提并论。

They were the tallest.

他们是最高的。

They were going to have to resist the forces of the wind and gravity in a way that was of a magnitude far greater than anything that had been done before.

他们必须以比以往任何时候都大得多的方式抵抗风和重力。

I mean, you often see projects that are audacious on a technical level, on a political level, on a human level.

我的意思是，你经常会看到在技术层面、政治层面、人文层面上大胆的项目。

This project was audacious on all those levels.

这个项目在所有这些层面上都是大胆的。

It was sort of a multidimensional exercise in hubris, you might say.

你可能会说，这是一种多维的傲慢行为。

In some ways, I think they overreached.

在某些方面，我认为他们做得有些过分了。

But that's the nature of the game when you're talking about audacity and hubris.

但这就是当你谈论大胆和傲慢时游戏的本质。

And in that sense, you just have to say, these things were wonders of the world.

从这个意义上说，你不得不说，这些东西是世界奇迹。

And we shall not see their like again.

我们不会再看到他们这样的人了。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: Well, ironically, as important as the World Trade Center was for those 30 years that it existed, or almost 30 years -- massive building, 50,000 people in it working -- in some ways it's more important to history now that it's gone.

历史学家杰克逊：嗯，具有讽刺意味的是，它的重要性与世贸中心存在的 30 年或近 30 年一样重要——一座巨大的建筑，有 50,000 名员工在里面工作——在某些方面，它对历史来说更重要，因为它已经消失了。

It was significant.

这很重要。

But it's a world event in its absence.

但如果没有它，这将是一个世界性的事件。

The interest, the focus of the world, and there may be wars that will happen from it.

利益，世界的焦点，可能由此会发生战争。

Millions and hundreds of millions of people around the world are changing the way they live because of what happened at the World Trade Center.

由于世贸中心发生的事情，世界各地数以百万计的人正在改变他们的生活方式。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: The city lost so much.

莱斯利·罗伯逊（Leslie Robertson），工程师：这座城市损失惨重。

I think the experience that so many people had of watching, either on the television or in the flesh, has caused so much pain in the city of New York.

我认为很多人的观看经历，无论是在电视上还是在现场，给纽约市带来了如此多的痛苦。

Everyone knows somebody who died; everyone does.

每个人都认识死去的人；每个人都这样做。

And from all walks of life.

以及来自各行各业的人。

Poor people and rich people, executives and office boys, all walks of life.

穷人和富人，高管和办公室职员，各行各业。

And that's what it lost.

这就是它失去的。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: We know what they stood for.

Ada Louise Huxtable，建筑评论家：我们知道它们代表什么。

We know that they stood for something that made them vulnerable to the most horrible fate.

我们知道，他们所代表的东西使他们容易遭受最可怕的命运。

And certainly they were a symbol of something dreadful to the people who blew them up.

当然，对于那些炸毁它们的人来说，它们是某种可怕事物的象征。

But New Yorkers found it a symbol of New York, the New York they love.

但纽约人发现它是纽约的象征，是他们热爱的纽约。

And I think that has made this terrible catastrophe even worse to bear.

我认为这使得这场可怕的灾难变得更加难以承受。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: It wasn't about consensus back in those days.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：当时并不是要达成共识。

It was about a very powerful agency knowing how to get its way, busting through all obstacles, all objections, no matter how valid.

这是关于一个非常强大的机构知道如何实现自己的目标，克服所有障碍，所有反对意见，无论多么有效。

And that's just the way it worked.

这就是它的运作方式。

It's just the way things got done back then.

这就是当时做事的方式。

It's the end of the era of great building, in a way.

在某种程度上，这是伟大建筑时代的结束。

It's still a time when, even in a complicated municipality like New York, you can pull off a project like that, and you can do it the way you want to do it.

现在仍然是这样的时候，即使在纽约这样复杂的城市，你也可以完成这样的项目，而且你可以按照你想要的方式去做。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: This was the last great project, I think, of that scale for New York City, and you know, nothing has happened like it since and probably won't again.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：我认为，这是纽约市最后一个如此规模的伟大项目，而且你知道，从那以后就没有发生过类似的事情，而且可能不会再发生了。

It just is a different era which the public participates much more in choosing the fate of New York, and not just this small group of men in a back room that are deciding that they want to do something.

这是一个不同的时代，公众更多地参与选择纽约的命运，而不仅仅是密室里的一小群人决定他们想做点什么。

Niall Ferguson, Historian & Professor of History, New York University: Well, 1945 was the end of a period of commercial catastrophe, a period in which trade between the great economies of the world had all but collapsed.

尼尔·弗格森 (Niall Ferguson)，纽约大学历史学家兼历史学教授：嗯，1945 年是一段商业灾难时期的结束，在这段时期，世界各大经济体之间的贸易几乎崩溃。

And the lesson that American policy makers drew from the disasters of the 1930s and 1940s was very straightforward: The United States must commit itself to the creation of a global free trade order which would ensure the prosperity of the United States but also rapid economic growth in the economies of America's principal allies.

美国决策者从 1930 年代和 1940 年代的灾难中吸取的教训非常简单：美国必须致力于建立全球自由贸易秩序，以确保美国的繁荣，同时确保美国主要盟友经济的快速增长。

So after the Second World War you have the creation of trade, monetary, diplomatic, and military institutions, all fundamentally designed to maintain an open free trading world economy.

因此，第二次世界大战后建立了贸易、货币、外交和军事机构，所有这些机构的根本目的都是为了维持开放的自由贸易世界经济。

Mike Wallace, Historian: The idea was to have a trade mart here that, by setting up big exhibit centers and inviting people from around the world to come and see their goods and their wares, it would further the interests of a growing world trade.

历史学家迈克华莱士：我们的想法是在这里建立一个贸易集市，通过建立大型展览中心并邀请世界各地的人们来参观他们的商品和商品，这将进一步促进不断增长的世界贸易的利益。

And with that in mind the state legislature assigned to Winthrop Aldrich, the head of Chase Bank, a "world trade center" organization.

考虑到这一点，州立法机关指定了大通银行（“世界贸易中心”组织）行长温思罗普·奥尔德里奇（Winthrop Aldrich）。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: Ultimately the idea of a complex of buildings that they would call the World Trade Center got thrown out, because the port interests were still of such clout at that time that they were able to say, "If you're going to spend money, you're going to build new piers." But by the time David Rockefeller rises and replaces his uncle Winthrop Aldrich as the chief executive at Chase, it's a different place, New York, and the port is already on its way out.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：最终，他们被称为世界贸易中心的建筑群的想法被抛弃了，因为当时港口利益集团仍然具有很大的影响力，他们可以说，“如果你要花钱，你就要去建造新的码头。”但当大卫·洛克菲勒 (David Rockefeller) 崛起并取代他的叔叔温思罗普·奥尔德里奇 (Winthrop Aldrich) 成为大通银行 (Chase) 首席执行官时，纽约已经是一个不同的地方，而港口也已经开始退出历史舞台。

And something needs to happen in Lower Manhattan if it's going to regain the status that it once held as the world's financial center and that it was losing.

如果曼哈顿下城想要重新获得曾经拥有但正在失去的世界金融中心的地位，那么曼哈顿下城就需要发生一些事情。

When it did begin to take hold, however, in the late 1950s, it would be set in motion to a remarkable degree by just two men -- sons and brothers of one of the most powerful family dynasties on earth -- who would seize upon the idea not only as a glorious symbol of world trade, but as the centerpiece of one of the most controversial and daring real estate gambles in the history of New York City -- the effort to save Lower Manhattan, which less than 10 years after the end of the war had been sent spiraling into a period of steep decline not only by the waning of the port, but by an alarming exodus of businesses to the middle of the island.

然而，当它在 20 世纪 50 年代末真正开始流行时，只有两个人——地球上最强大的家族王朝之一的儿子和兄弟——将这一理念推向了非凡的程度，他们不仅将这一理念视为世界贸易的光辉象征，而且将其视为纽约市历史上最具争议和大胆的房地产赌博之一的核心——为拯救曼哈顿下城而做出的努力，而曼哈顿下城距离曼哈顿下城结束不到 10 年。战争使经济急剧恶化，这不仅是由于港口的衰落，而且是由于令人震惊的企业外流到岛中部。

Guy Tozzoli, President, World Trade Center Association: Lower Manhattan, which I'll describe as the two square miles from Chambers Street down to the Battery, was dying.

盖伊·托佐利 (Guy Tozzoli)，世界贸易中心协会主席：曼哈顿下城，我将其描述为从钱伯斯街到炮台的两平方英里，正在死去。

Companies were moving out, either to mid-Manhattan or really out of New York City.

公司正在搬迁，要么搬到曼哈顿中部，要么真正搬出纽约市。

The only new building built since World War Two was the Chase Manhattan building.

第二次世界大战以来唯一一座新建筑是大通曼哈顿大厦。

And David Rockefeller was then the chairman of the Chase Manhattan Bank.

大卫·洛克菲勒当时是大通曼哈顿银行的董事长。

And so David had an idea.

于是大卫有了一个主意。

Why not create, using the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, a "world trade center" -- whatever that was.

为什么不利用纽约和新泽西港务局创建一个“世界贸易中心”——无论那是什么。

Carol Willis, Historian: There are different opinions about the role and the motivations of the Rockefellers in Lower Manhattan, but certainly no one deserves more credit or blame than the brothers Rockefeller, David and Nelson, for the changes that came about in downtown in the 1960s.

历史学家卡罗尔·威利斯 (Carol Willis)：对于洛克菲勒家族在曼哈顿下城的角色和动机，人们有不同的看法，但对于 20 世纪 60 年代市中心发生的变化，没有人比洛克菲勒、大卫和尼尔森兄弟更值得赞扬或指责。

The flagship headquarters of Chase Manhattan Bank had always been downtown since the 18th century, and of course David Rockefeller, as the head of the Chase Manhattan Bank, had tremendous interests in keeping the financial district secure.

大通曼哈顿银行的旗舰总部自 18 世纪以来一直位于市中心，大卫·洛克菲勒作为大通曼哈顿银行的掌门人当然对维护金融区的安全有着巨大的兴趣。

Mike Wallace, Historian: I think one of the fascinating things about the Rockefellers as a family is they're monopoly capitalists.

历史学家迈克·华莱士：我认为洛克菲勒家族最迷人的一点就是他们是垄断资本家。

And that gives them a certain attitude towards planning.

这让他们对规划有一定的态度。

The Rockefellers thought big.

洛克菲勒家族的想法很大。

When they built Rockefeller Center they didn't build one skyscraper, they built a constellation of skyscrapers.

当他们建造洛克菲勒中心时，他们没有建造一座摩天大楼，而是建造了一系列摩天大楼。

They were into centers.

他们进入了中心。

You know?

你知道？

They were into thinking of long term plans.

他们正在考虑长期计划。

So they applied that mentality everywhere.

所以他们到处都运用这种心态。

And the same attitude is transferred when the next generation comes online.

当下一代上线时，同样的态度也会转移。

And here David is a particularly interesting figure.

在这里，大卫是一个特别有趣的人物。

David's got big plans.

大卫有宏伟的计划。

David wants to expand one of the family banks, Chase Bank, which worked with big companies, and financed the movement of trade goods around the world.

大卫希望扩大家族银行之一的大通银行的规模，该银行与大公司合作，为世界各地的贸易货物流动提供资金。

And David wants to expand this and then go beyond the old national boundaries and sort of start thinking internationally.

大卫希望扩大这一范围，然后超越旧的国家界限，开始国际化思考。

But he's got a short term problem.

但他有一个短期问题。

He merges with the Bank of the Manhattan Company.

他与曼哈顿银行公司合并。

He's got Chase Manhattan.

他有大通曼哈顿。

He buys up lots of other little banks.

他收购了许多其他小银行。

They're scattered all over the downtown area.

他们分散在市中心各处。

He wants to, in fact, bring them together and consolidate.

事实上，他希望将它们聚集在一起并巩固。

But it's in the middle of this kind of sucking sound with all of these businesses being drawn up to where the real action is up in midtown.

但它正处于这种糟糕的声音之中，所有这些企业都被吸引到市中心真正的行动地点。

And the question is: Are they going to make a stand?

问题是：他们会表明立场吗？

Are they going to try to in fact save Lower Manhattan as the financial center?

他们实际上会试图拯救曼哈顿下城作为金融中心的地位吗？

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson: , Historian : Everybody knows that Chase Bank may be the most powerful bank in the world.

杰克逊：历史学家：每个人都知道大通银行可能是世界上最强大的银行。

David Rockefeller might be the second most powerful person in the United States after the president.

大卫·洛克菲勒可能是美国仅次于总统的第二号人物。

They're putting their bets in Lower Manhattan.

他们把赌注押在曼哈顿下城。

Saying Lower Manhattan either has to be revitalized and rejuvenated, or it's going to enter into a period of terminal decline.

可以说曼哈顿下城要么要振兴、焕发活力，要么就要进入衰退期。

That November, he stunned Wall Street by announcing that Chase would build a gleaming new 60-story headquarters just one block north of the Stock Exchange -- the first tall tower to go up in the area since before the Depression.

那年 11 月，他宣布大通银行将在证券交易所以北一个街区处建造一座闪闪发光的 60 层新总部，震惊了华尔街，这是自大萧条之前该地区拔地而起的第一座高楼。

Six months later -- convinced in private meetings that even that bold gesture would be not be enough to save the financial district -- he assembled a powerful coalition of business and real estate leaders called the Downtown-Lower Manhattan Association, and urged them to develop an even more ambitious plan -- before it was too late.

六个月后，他在私人会议上确信，即使是这种大胆的举动也不足以拯救金融区，他组建了一个由商业和房地产领导人组成的强大联盟，称为曼哈顿下城协会，并敦促他们制定一项更加雄心勃勃的计划，以免为时已晚。

Mike Wallace, Historian: You need bold visions.

历史学家迈克·华莱士：你需要大胆的愿景。

You need bold action.

你需要大胆的行动。

You can't take small, little piecemeal things.

你不能接受小的、零碎的东西。

That's not the way they operate.

那不是他们的运作方式。

Rockefeller Center is not a small, piecemeal action.

洛克菲勒中心的建设并不是一个小规模、零碎的行动。

You have to make a profound impact on the environment, and to do it spatially, and to do it in terms of the structure of the economy and it's got to be big scale, it's got to be blazing.

你必须对环境产生深远的影响，在空间上、在经济结构上做到这一点，而且规模必须很大，必须是火爆的。

Otherwise, it doesn't do the trick.

否则，它就不起作用。

A master plan for the salvation of Lower Manhattan -- and one of the most radical and sweeping urban redevelopment projects ever conceived -- it called for the complete transformation of the entire downtown area -- and for the eradication of industries that had defined Lower Manhattan for centuries.

一项拯救曼哈顿下城的总体规划——也是有史以来最激进、最广泛的城市重建项目之一——它要求彻底改造整个市中心地区——并消除几个世纪以来定义曼哈顿下城的工业。

Mike Wallace, Historian: They've been talking about getting rid of the piers and getting rid of the port and getting rid of the marketplace for a long time.

历史学家迈克·华莱士：长期以来，他们一直在谈论拆除码头、拆除港口和市场。

All of that had gone into abeyance during the Depression and the war.

所有这些在大萧条和战争期间都被搁置了。

Now it's back on the table, and David, with his own penchant for planning, is in fact entranced by this.

现在它又回到了桌面上，而大卫，由于他自己对计划的喜好，实际上对此很着迷。

David Rockefeller (archival newsreel): Well downtown Manhattan area is one of the most valuable and uniquely situated pieces of real estate in the entire world.

大卫·洛克菲勒（档案新闻片）：曼哈顿市中心地区是全世界最有价值、位置最独特的房地产之一。

The central core area of towering skyscrapers is surrounded by acres of marginal buildings the majority of which are more than a century old and only partly occupied.

高耸的摩天大楼的中央核心区周围环绕着数英亩的边缘建筑，其中大部分已有一个多世纪的历史，并且只有部分被占用。

Mike Wallace, Historian: So what do they want?

历史学家迈克·华莱士：那么他们想要什么？

They want a variety of things.

他们想要各种各样的东西。

First of all, they want to go on the attack against contending uses that are down there because from his perspective, we're ringed in.

首先，他们想要继续攻击那里的竞争用途，因为从他的角度来看，我们被包围了。

We're surrounded by what he's now defining not as important, viable manufacturing and commerce and port industries but as ancient, antediluvian, outmoded, dirty, dilapidated, you know, scuzzy, they're a drag.

我们周围的工业不是他现在所定义的重要的、可行的制造业、商业和港口工业，而是古老的、过时的、过时的、肮脏的、破旧的，你知道，肮脏的，它们是一种拖累。

We want to get rid of them.

我们想摆脱他们。

We want to, in fact, expand the financial core and have it take over all of Lower Manhattan.

事实上，我们希望扩大金融核心并让它接管整个曼哈顿下城。

Get rid of these competing uses.

摆脱这些竞争用途。

That's the only way we'll be safe and secure.

这是我们安全可靠的唯一方法。

Make it a center, you know.

让它成为一个中心，你知道的。

Make it a grand center.

让它成为一个宏伟的中心。

The fringe of aging "finger piers" that had lined the edge of the island for a century would be demolished to make way for new residential and recreational development.

一个世纪以来一直排列在岛屿边缘的老化“手指码头”边缘将被拆除，以便为新的住宅和娱乐开发项目让路。

The ancient narrow streets, first laid down by the Dutch and the English, would be widened to accommodate the flow of modern traffic.

古老的狭窄街道最初由荷兰人和英国人铺设，后来被拓宽以适应现代交通的流动。

Hundreds of blocks along the East and Hudson rivers would be wiped clean and consolidated to make way for gleaming new office buildings that would house the vastly expanded white collar services the new global economy required.

东河和哈德逊河沿岸的数百个街区将被清理和巩固，为闪闪发光的新办公楼让路，这些办公楼将容纳新全球经济所需的大幅扩展的白领服务。

At the center of it all -- the anchor and emblem of the entire 560-block redevelopment program -- would rise an updated version of the idea first floated by David Rockefeller's uncle 15 years earlier -- an idea that in the months and years to come would become David's most burning ambition -- the World Trade Center.

这一切的中心——整个 560 个街区重建计划的支柱和象征——将会出现大卫·洛克菲勒的叔叔 15 年前首次提出的想法的更新版本——这个想法在未来的岁月里将成为大卫最燃烧的野心——世界贸易中心。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: I think that David Rockefeller was masterful in his introduction of the World Trade Center idea.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：我认为大卫·洛克菲勒在介绍世贸中心想法方面非常出色。

And that idea was considered brilliant.

这个想法被认为是绝妙的。

He was called "the billion dollar planner" by The New York Times .

他被《纽约时报》称为“十亿美元策划者”。

Mayor Wagner said it was wonderful.

瓦格纳市长说这太棒了。

He, as all Rockefellers, knew how to build a power base and how to create momentum even before he released the idea to the public.

和所有洛克菲勒家族一样，他甚至在向公众公布这一想法之前就知道如何建立权力基础以及如何创造动力。

And he did that.

他做到了。

And so I think, although he only really proposed it, the fact that he proposed it really is why the World Trade Center was built.

所以我认为，虽然他只是真正提出了这个建议，但他提出这个事实确实是世贸中心建成的原因。

That very scale, of course, as David had known from the start, also placed it far beyond the reach of even the most ambitious of private developers -- none of whom had the power or resources to take on so vast a project.

当然，正如大卫从一开始就知道的那样，这种规模也远远超出了即使是最雄心勃勃的私人开发商的能力范围——他们都没有权力或资源来承担如此庞大的项目。

Mike Wallace, Historian: How are you going to do this?

历史学家迈克华莱士：你打算怎么做？

Well, the fact of the matter is, you have to bring in the state, because another thing Rockefellers are accustomed to doing is for all the talk about the free market and getting government off our back that characterizes those small businessmen, the big people, in fact, understand that subsidies and government support are pretty, a crucial part of the story.

好吧，事实是，你必须把政府引入进来，因为洛克菲勒家族惯于做的另一件事是，对于所有关于自由市场和让政府摆脱我们的束缚的谈论，这些都是那些小商人的特征，事实上，大人物都明白补贴和政府支持是很不错的，这是故事的关键部分。

So he needs a partner that is, in fact, a heavy weight, and he puts together a concerted program to bring in the one agency which might be able to commit public moneys, and to have the power of eminent domain that could clear away competing uses and provide the funds to construct new uses that are compatible with this office vision.

因此，他需要一个事实上是重量级的合作伙伴，他制定了一项协调一致的计划，引入一个可能能够投入公共资金的机构，并拥有征用权，可以消除竞争性用途，并提供资金来建设与这一办公室愿景相兼容的新用途。

And that's the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.

那是纽约和新泽西港务局。

In the years to come, under the leadership of its shrewd, publicity-shy director, Austin Tobin, the authority would invest its power, prestige and immense institutional pride in the ambitious project David Rockefeller had initiated -- and soon find itself embroiled in the most challenging, controversial -- and poignantly star-crossed -- project of its entire history.

在接下来的几年里，在精明、不愿公开露面的局长奥斯汀·托宾的领导下，该机构将其权力、声望和巨大的机构自豪感投入到大卫·洛克菲勒发起的雄心勃勃的项目中，并很快发现自己卷入了其整个历史上最具挑战性、最有争议的、也是最不幸的项目。

William Langewiesche, Journalist: Of course, the Port Authority's a very strange organization.

William Langewiesche，记者：当然，港务局是一个非常奇怪的组织。

It's a hybrid.

这是一个混合体。

It's half-private, half-public in the way it operates and the way it thinks.

它的运作方式和思维方式是半私有、半公开的。

It's enormously powerful.

它非常强大。

It has, you know, to overstate it somewhat, its own army.

你知道，有点夸张地说，它有自己的军队。

It has the Port Authority Police Department.

它有港务局警察局。

It has public authority.

它具有公共权力。

It is -- also has been very wealthy.

它也非常富有。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: The Port Authority was run by Austin Tobin, who was a builder and planner who I think actually was better than Robert Moses at getting his will.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：港务局由奥斯汀·托宾（Austin Tobin）管理，他是一名建筑商和规划师，我认为他实际上比罗伯特·摩西更能表达自己的意愿。

He wasn't as famous as Moses because he operated a little more under the radar.

他不像摩西那样出名，因为他的行事方式更加低调。

Moses was too passionate about being in front of people and having fights with them, and therefore he lost from time to time.

摩西太热衷于在人面前与人打架，因此他时常会失败。

Tobin just very quietly, behind the scenes, manipulated and maneuvered and got things done, and got everything he ever wanted.

托宾只是非常安静地在幕后操纵和操纵，把事情做好，得到了他想要的一切。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: He identified absolutely with the Port of New York Authority.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：他绝对认同纽约港务局。

He'd started off basically as a legal clerk back in the 1920s.

早在 20 世纪 20 年代，他就开始担任法律文员。

He'd grown up with this agency and I think he saw the World Trade Center the apotheosis of his career.

他是在这个机构中长大的，我认为他将世贸中心视为他职业生涯的顶峰。

And he saw it as something that could represent what he believed was the greatness of the Port Authority.

他认为它可以代表他所认为的港务局的伟大之处。

Mike Wallace, Historian: The trouble is that the mandate for the Port Authority is trade -- is to further international trade in the harbor or New York City.

历史学家迈克·华莱士：问题在于港务局的职责是贸易——促进港口或纽约市的国际贸易。

And what David wants them to do, really, is to get into office building, and to make this a financial and real estate center.

大卫希望他们做的实际上是进入办公楼，并将其打造成金融和房地产中心。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: The Port Authority was never founded to go into the real estate business, but it's the most profitable business in New York.

Ada Louise Huxtable，建筑评论家：港务局的成立从来就不是为了涉足房地产业务，但它是纽约最赚钱的业务。

And they saw great profits and ways of supporting their projects, which up to a certain point you could understand, although I think they should have not gone into the real estate business to begin with.

他们看到了巨大的利润和支持他们项目的方式，在某种程度上你可以理解，尽管我认为他们一开始就不应该进入房地产行业。

As fate would have it, however, David Rockefeller himself would soon be in a position to overcome any initial opposition to its involvement -- at least within the agency itself.

然而，命运注定，大卫·洛克菲勒本人很快就能克服最初对其参与的反对——至少在该机构内部如此。

On January 1st, 1959, his older brother, Nelson, was sworn in as Governor of New York State, and almost immediately, began filling the Port Authority's board with his own appointees -- senior Wall Street executives who could be counted on to share his brother's vision of Lower Manhattan's white collar future.

1959 年 1 月 1 日，他的哥哥尼尔森宣誓就任纽约州州长，几乎立即开始在港务局董事会中任命他自己任命的人员——可以信赖的华尔街高级管理人员，他们与他哥哥对曼哈顿下城白领未来的愿景有着共同的愿景。

Carol Willis: , Historian : Nelson Rockefeller, of course, was hugely important in the Port Authority becoming the client and the patron of the World Trade Center.

卡罗尔·威利斯：历史学家：纳尔逊·洛克菲勒当然在港务局成为世贸中心的客户和赞助人的过程中发挥了极其重要的作用。

One needed the endorsement of both states, but of course New York was the most powerful of the partners of the bi-state agency.

需要得到两个州的认可，但纽约当然是这个双州机构的合作伙伴中最强大的。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: Nelson Rockefeller was a great and passionate builder.

保罗·戈德伯格，建筑评论家：纳尔逊·洛克菲勒是一位伟大而充满激情的建筑家。

His greatest legacy was building stuff all over the place, in Albany and elsewhere.

他最伟大的遗产是在奥尔巴尼和其他地方到处建造东西。

And he latched onto the Trade Center as a great project.

他认为贸易中心是一个伟大的项目。

It was felt that the Port Authority was the agency with the wherewithal to actually get it built, both because it had experience in building large and complicated projects, and because it had enormous bonding power and could finance this project without anything showing up on the state budget, so it made it a real win-win for Rockefeller.

人们认为，港务局是拥有实际建造该项目所需资金的机构，不仅因为它拥有建设大型复杂项目的经验，还因为它拥有巨大的粘合力，可以在国家预算中没有任何资金的情况下为该项目提供资金，因此这对洛克菲勒来说是真正的双赢。

Using the immense reserves of public and private power at their command, the Rockefeller brothers had managed to make a half billion dollar real estate gamble seem not only plausible, but inevitable.

洛克菲勒兄弟利用他们掌握的巨大的公共和私人权力储备，成功地使价值五亿美元的房地产赌博不仅看似合理，而且不可避免。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: There was a big fallacy, though, in this whole project.

Paul Goldberger，建筑评论家：但是，在整个项目中存在一个很大的谬误。

The real problem with Lower Manhattan was not that it didn't have enough office space.

曼哈顿下城的真正问题并不是没有足够的办公空间。

The problem was that it was hard to get to, particularly from the suburbs where a lot of business executives and bankers lived, and it was not a particularly appealing neighborhood in a general way, in that there were no places to eat, few places to shop, no cultural facilities to speak of, no places to live.

问题是，这里交通不便，尤其是从很多企业高管和银行家居住的郊区出发，而且总体来说，这里并不是一个特别有吸引力的社区，没有吃饭的地方，没有什么购物的地方，没有可言的文化设施，没有住的地方。

All the things that make a neighborhood interesting and varied and meaningful as a part of the city, weren't there.

所有使社区成为城市一部分而变得有趣、多样化和有意义的东西都不在那里。

And so the World Trade Center violated the first law of economics, really.

因此，世贸中心确实违反了第一条经济法则。

It added to the supply of what there was already too much of, which was office space, without in fact doing anything to change the demand.

它增加了已经过多的办公空间的供应，但实际上并没有采取任何措施来改变需求。

So was wrong from its conception.

所以从它的构想来看就是错误的。

But nobody quite got that.

但没有人完全明白这一点。

Camilo Jose Vergara, Photographer: To me it was a sense of building, creating something that's almost at the limit of what human beings can create, you know.

卡米洛·何塞·维加拉（Camilo Jose Vergara），摄影师：对我来说，这是一种建造的感觉，创造出几乎达到人类所能创造的极限的东西，你知道。

I like that raw power.

我喜欢那种原始的力量。

I like that sort of feeling that they were our Godzilla, you know, that they stood up there, that they say, "So what?" you know, "We are ugly -- so what." You know?

我喜欢那种感觉，他们是我们的哥斯拉，你知道，他们站在那里，他们说，“那又怎样？”你知道，“我们很丑——那又怎样。”你知道？

And they weren't, you know, because they were one thing one minute and they were another thing the other minute.

你知道，它们不是，因为它们这一分钟是一回事，另一分钟又是另一回事。

You know, so you couldn't pass a judgment on them.

你知道，所以你无法对他们做出判断。

You know those who would condemn them on an aesthetic basis, you know, were absolutely wrong, because it depended so much on how close you were, how far you were from them whether you saw them in the late afternoon, whether you saw them in the morning, whether you saw them in winter, whether you saw them in summer.

你知道，那些在审美基础上谴责它们的人是绝对错误的，因为这在很大程度上取决于你与它们的距离有多近，你与它们的距离有多远，无论你是否在下午晚些时候看到它们，是否在早上看到它们，是否在冬天看到它们，是否在夏天看到它们。

So they were-- there was always a different feeling about them.

所以他们——总有一种不同的感觉。

I think, at some deeper level, there was the connection of the water to the sky.

我认为，在更深层次上，水与天空之间存在着联系。

And I'm not very strong in mythology and all of this, but I think that played a very important role here--here you saw that somehow we're connected to something not just larger than New York, but larger than the earth itself.

我对神话和所有这些都不是很了解，但我认为这在这里发挥了非常重要的作用——在这里你看到，不知何故，我们与一些不仅比纽约更大，而且比地球本身更大的东西联系在一起。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: When the World Trade Center was conceived, the intention was not to build the world's tallest buildings.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：当世贸中心被构想时，其目的并不是建造世界上最高的建筑。

In fact, the preliminary designs on the east side were 60 or 70 stories.

事实上，东侧的初步设计是60或70层。

The first studies on the West Side were that.

西区的第一个研究就是这样。

And then this sort of hubris, I think, took over and it just kept getting bigger and bigger, and they kept thinking they could do anything, and nobody said "no." I think the combination of David Rockefeller's passionate desire to put Lower Manhattan back on the map in a central way, in a really important way; the governor, his brother's, desire to just build bigger and bigger all the time anywhere; and the Port Authority's desire to really be the pre-eminent powerful civic authority in the world, let alone in New York -- all those things kind of combined to and as they sort of drifted to the West Side site from an original plan on the east side, it kind of drifted into being the world's tallest buildings.

然后，我认为这种傲慢占据了上风，而且规模越来越大，他们一直认为自己可以做任何事情，但没有人说“不”。我认为大卫·洛克菲勒（David Rockefeller）热衷于以一种非常重要的方式让曼哈顿下城重新回到地图上的愿望结合在一起；州长，他的兄弟，渴望在任何地方一直建造得越来越大；港务局希望真正成为世界上最杰出、最强大的市政当局，更不用说在纽约了——所有这些因素结合在一起，当它们从东侧的原始计划转移到西侧时，它就逐渐成为世界上最高的建筑。

Three weeks later, Governor Nelson Rockefeller followed suit -- but by then Austin Tobin had already set in motion the elaborate machinery of his 6,000 person agency -- creating a new division within the Port Authority empire, called the World Trade Office -- then appointing a tireless, unswervingly loyal 32-year-old engineer named Guy Tozzoli to oversee every aspect of the massive operation.

三周后，纳尔逊·洛克菲勒州长也效仿了——但那时奥斯汀·托宾已经启动了他那 6,000 人机构的复杂机制——在港务局帝国内创建了一个新部门，称为世界贸易办公室——然后任命了一位孜孜不倦、坚定不移忠诚的 32 岁工程师盖伊·托佐利 (Guy Tozzoli) 来监督这一大规模运营的各个方面。

"You can pick the best of the Port Authority," Tobin told his eager young director, "because this is going to be our greatest project."

“你可以选择港务局最好的，”托宾告诉他热切的年轻主管，“因为这将是我们最伟大的项目。”

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : I was given the job in February of 1962 to plan, to design, to construct, to operate the World Trade Center of New York.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：1962 年 2 月，我受命规划、设计、建造和运营纽约世界贸易中心。

And there was only one thing, to achieve what David Rockefeller and Nelson Rockefeller wanted the Port Authority to do, I recommended to the board, you could only do one thing.

只有一件事，为了实现大卫·洛克菲勒和纳尔逊·洛克菲勒希望港务局做的事情，我向董事会建议，你只能做一件事。

You had to build what the Reader's Digest called "the largest building project since the Egyptian pyramids." There was no other way in this city, because this was the greatest city in the world.

你必须建造《读者文摘》所说的“自埃及金字塔以来最大的建筑项目”。在这座城市里没有其他办法，因为这是世界上最伟大的城市。

And it had to be something that people would pay attention to.

它必须是人们会关注的事情。

Second thing we had to consider was, it had to be affordable." So when they gave me the job, they said, "By the way, it has to be self-supporting.

我们必须考虑的第二件事是，它必须负担得起。”所以当他们给我这份工作时，他们说，“顺便说一句，它必须是自给自足的。

So we're going to capitalize every paper clip that you use." So I had hanging over me like the sword of Damocles, etc., "You will make this thing work."

所以我们要把你使用的每一个回形针都大写。”所以我像达摩克利斯之剑一样悬在我身上，“你会让这件事发挥作用。”

The same charter that required the complex to turn a profit dramatically restricted the range of its potential tenants -- three-quarters of whom would have to be directly involved in world trade, to satisfy the Port Authority's mandate.

要求综合体扭亏为盈的同一份章程极大地限制了其潜在租户的范围——其中四分之三的租户必须直接参与世界贸易，才能满足港务局的任务。

When studies showed that demand for such space would be modest at best, Tobin instructed Tozzoli to increase the building's program anyway -- dramatically -- to an almost unheard total of 10 million square feet -- nearly five times the floor space of the Empire State Building.

当研究表明对这样的空间的需求充其量是有限的时，托宾指示托佐利无论如何都要大幅增加大楼的面积，达到几乎闻所未闻的 1000 万平方英尺，几乎是帝国大厦建筑面积的五倍。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: They knew that it was going to fail -- they were told that this was going to fail unless it was enormous.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：他们知道这将会失败——他们被告知，除非规模巨大，否则这将会失败。

They knew that Lower Manhattan was not going to come up again unless they did something so bold and outrageous that the people of Midtown couldn't ignore them.

他们知道曼哈顿下城不会再出现，除非他们做出如此大胆和令人愤慨的事情，让中城区的人们无法忽视他们。

And the Port Authority listened to that, and they went with it, and they built the biggest buildings in the world, because they knew that they had to do that, or else it was going to be a lost investment.

港务局听取了这一建议，他们就这么做了，他们建造了世界上最大的建筑，因为他们知道他们必须这样做，否则这将是一项投资损失。

Carol Willis: , Historian : It said that the person who was credited early on in the project for coming up with the idea of the world's tallest building, came out of the publicity department; that it was a woman named Lee Jaffe who sent a memo among the men who were in charge of the project, saying, "Well, as long as we're going to make them 100 stories, why not go that extra few hundred feet and secure their place as the world's tallest?"

卡罗尔·威利斯：历史学家：据说在该项目早期提出世界最高建筑想法的人来自宣传部门；一位名叫李·贾菲 (Lee Jaffe) 的女士向负责该项目的男性发送了一份备忘录，其中写道：“好吧，只要我们要把它们建成 100 层，为什么不再多加几百英尺，以确保其作为世界最高楼的地位呢？”

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: You know America has always believed in bigness.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：你知道美国一直相信“大”。

And I think we particularly believed in it in the 60s, when the World Trade Center was conceived.

我想我们在 20 世纪 60 年代尤其相信这一点，当时世界贸易中心正是在那时构思的。

You know, bigger and bigger American things.

你知道，美国的事情越来越大。

Bigger and bigger doses of American power were going to solve anything.

越来越大的美国力量将解决任何问题。

It was the age when all the cars were gargantuan and had fins.

在那个时代，所有的汽车都体型巨大，而且都有鳍。

It was the age when we were sending troops into Vietnam.

那是我们出兵越南的时代。

The age of going to the moon.

到了登月的年龄。

Exactly.

正是如此。

And its architectural equivalent was this notion of bigger and bigger buildings all the time.

它的建筑学等同物就是这种越来越大的建筑的概念。

We've always also romanticized height in a very wonderful way, in New York.

在纽约，我们总是以一种非常美妙的方式将身高浪漫化。

That's very much part of our DNA, is to just build bigger and taller all the time.

这是我们 DNA 的重要组成部分，就是一直不断地建造得更大、更高。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : And so first thing to do was to find the right architect.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：所以首先要做的就是找到合适的建筑师。

What I wanted, was a great architect.

我想要的是一位伟大的建筑师。

This had to be the greatest project in the world if it were to succeed.

如果要成功，这必须是世界上最伟大的项目。

And we interviewed virtually everybody in the world, of consequence.

因此，我们几乎采访了世界上的每个人。

And to the teams that I sent out to find out what architects did, the first stipulation I gave them was, "Try to find somebody who you think is young enough to live for 20 years," because I was sure that this project, as we conceived it, would take at least 20 years to finish.

对于我派出去了解建筑师的工作的团队，我给他们的第一个规定是，“尽量找一个你认为足够年轻、能活 20 年的人”，因为我确信这个项目，正如我们设想的那样，至少需要 20 年才能完成。

And it actually took more than that.

事实上，它花费的时间远不止于此。

Carol Willis: , Historian : Yamasaki was a very strange choice for the architect of the world's tallest buildings, because he had never been a commercial architect, and especially of skyscrapers or of high-rises -- his previous buildings had been mid-rises of 20 or so stories.

卡罗尔·威利斯：历史学家：山崎对于世界最高建筑的建筑师来说是一个非常奇怪的选择，因为他从来都不是商业建筑师，尤其是摩天大楼或高层建筑——他以前的建筑都是 20 层左右的中层建筑。

He was not one of those architects who was particularly emphatic about a structural engineering solution.

他并不是特别强调结构工程解决方案的建筑师之一。

One thinks of his earlier work more in a decorative vein.

人们更多地认为他早期的作品具有装饰性。

He was interested in the play of light and shadow on the surface of a building.

他对建筑物表面光影的变化很感兴趣。

So that his previous buildings seemed almost delicate in scale, and wholly out of proportion to the ambition of the commission of the Trade Center.

因此，他以前的建筑在规模上显得几乎很精致，与贸易中心委托的雄心完全不成比例。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: He felt that sort-of standard issue modern architecture was harsh and unwelcoming and cold.

Paul Goldberger，建筑评论家：他认为现代建筑的标准问题是严酷、不受欢迎和冷酷的。

And he wanted to make architecture warm.

他想让建筑变得温暖。

So he kept doing these buildings that were sort of delicate.

所以他一直在做这些有点精致的建筑。

A lot of his stuff had these funny little gothic arches and it looked kind of cute, in a weird way.

他的很多东西都有这些有趣的哥特式小拱门，看起来很可爱，但方式很奇怪。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: The Port Authority thought, if we're going to build, you know, such enormous buildings that if they could hire someone who could combine the productive modern office building with an ornamental touch, that that was what they wanted.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：港务局认为，如果我们要建造如此巨大的建筑，那么如果他们能够雇用能够将高效的现代化办公楼与装饰风格结合起来的人，那就是他们想要的。

They also wanted someone who was not so old and established and also set in his ways that they couldn't, you know, twist his arm and get him to agree to do what they wanted to do.

他们还想要一个不那么老、不那么成熟、也固守己见的人，你知道，他们无法扭转他的手臂并让他同意做他们想做的事。

They wanted someone who was creative, but they also wanted someone that was going to listen to Guy Tozzoli and to Austin Tobin.

他们想要一个有创造力的人，但他们也想要一个愿意听盖伊·托佐利和奥斯汀·托宾的人。

And they got that in Minoru Yamasaki.

他们在山崎稔那里得到了这一点。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: They thought they were actually making kind of a leap to a sort of "high art" architect.

Paul Goldberger，建筑评论家：他们认为自己实际上正在向“高雅艺术”建筑师迈进。

Yamasaki was actually a kind of low-end "high art" architect.

山崎实际上是一种低端的“高雅艺术”建筑师。

He was not one of the more admired ones by architectural historians and critics, but he was nonetheless sort of somewhere in the bottom of that group.

他并不是建筑历史学家和评论家中最受尊敬的人之一，但他仍然处于该群体的底部。

And this was of course for him the opportunity of a lifetime.

这对他来说当然是一生难得的机会。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: Minoru Yamasaki is hired in the end of August in 1962, and he's given this unnegotiable standard by Guy Tozzoli and Austin Tobin, which is that the net square foot of rentable space, including offices and retail, must be 10 million.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：山崎稔于 1962 年 8 月底受聘，盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）和奥斯汀·托宾（Austin Tobin）给了他一个不可协商的标准，即包括办公室和零售在内的可出租空间的净平方英尺必须达到 1000 万平方英尺。

It's called the program, and its nonnegotiable.

这就是所谓的计划，而且是不可协商的。

And he knows that he cannot even, you know, have a conversation with Guy about this.

他知道他甚至不能，你知道，与盖伊谈论这件事。

For months, he searched for the right form for the project -- working on a scale no architect had ever before confronted -- struggling to reconcile his own artistic sensibility with the overwhelming size of the program.

几个月来，他一直在寻找该项目的正确形式——其工作规模是建筑师以前从未遇到过的——努力协调自己的艺术敏感性和项目的巨大规模。

Experimenting with one model after another, he toyed with the idea of using 10 smaller structures -- then one gigantic one -- but kept coming back to the image of two slender towers, one offset from the other -- a design he hoped that would combine the practical requirements of the Port Authority's program, with the sculptural elegance he admired in the work of his great mentor, the German architect Mies van der Rohe.

他尝试了一个又一个模型，考虑使用 10 座较小的建筑——然后是一座巨大的建筑——但不断回到两座细长塔楼的形象，一座与另一座相互偏移——他希望这一设计能够结合港务局计划的实际要求，与他在他的伟大导师、德国建筑师密斯·凡德罗的作品中所欣赏的雕塑般的优雅相结合。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : So he must have done 50 or more different models, limited by the 16-acre site that we had.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：因此，受我们 16 英亩场地的限制，他一定做了 50 种或更多不同的模型。

And finally he sent word back to me, "It's time for you to come out and I want to show you the one I like the best." He had done twin towers and a plaza about the size of Piazza San Marco, just a little smaller than that.

最后他给我回了话：“你该出来了，我想给你看我最喜欢的一个。”他建造了双塔和一个与圣马可广场大小相当的广场，只是比圣马可广场小一点。

And it had a hotel, and it had the Customs House, everything around it.

它有一家酒店，还有海关大楼，以及周围的一切。

It was a lovely, lovely design.

这是一个非常可爱的设计。

And so I said to Yama when I saw it, I said, "This is very fine design." But "Does it meet my program?" "No," he said.

所以当我看到它时，我对阎摩说，“这是非常好的设计。”但是“它符合我的计划吗？” “不，”他说。

"It's two million feet short." I said, "Why is that?" Well, he said, "The towers are 80 floors high." Said, "You can't build a building taller than 80 floors." I said, "Why not?" Well, he said, "Because the configuration, the elevators take too much space.

“它短了两百万英尺。”我说：“这是为什么呢？”嗯，他说，“塔楼有 80 层高。”说：“你不能建造一座超过80层的大楼。”我说：“为什么不呢？”嗯，他说，“因为这种配置，电梯占用了太多空间。

That's why no one has ever done that." And I remember saying to him, "You know, Yama, President Kennedy is going to put a man on the moon.

这就是为什么从来没有人这样做过。”我记得对他说：“你知道，亚玛，肯尼迪总统要把人送上月球。

You're going to figure out a way for me to build the world's tallest buildings, because that'll get us the other two million feet of space.

你将为我想出一种方法来建造世界上最高的建筑物，因为这将为我们带来另外两百万英尺的空间。

We'll just make those towers higher."

我们只会让那些塔更高。”

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: I'm sure Guy Tozzoli said, "90's not high enough; a hundred's not high enough; "how about more space?" And I think he may not admit it but my guess is he was cognizant of the fact that the Trade Center was going to become a real image of New York City.

工程师莱斯利·罗伯逊（Leslie Robertson）：我确信盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）说过，“90 度不够高；100 度还不够高；“更多的空间怎么样？”我想他可能不会承认这一点，但我猜他已经意识到贸易中心将成为纽约市的真实形象。

And he had high aspirations that that be the case.

他对此抱有很高的期望。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: In fact Yamasaki continued to resist going up to 110 stories.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：事实上，山崎仍然拒绝将故事写到 110 层。

And he ultimately accepted and embraced the towers at their height and began to become the most famous architect of his generation, briefly, and was on the cover of Time magazine, because he was building the two tallest towers.

他最终接受并拥抱了塔楼的高度，并开始短暂地成为他这一代最著名的建筑师，并登上了《时代》杂志的封面，因为他正在建造两座最高的塔楼。

But he was never entirely comfortable, I don't think, with the height that the towers reached.

但我认为，对于双塔的高度，他从来都感到不舒服。

On January 18th, 1964, when the final design was presented to the public at a press conference at the New York Hilton, the officials and reporters assembled for the occasion were stunned.

1964年1月18日，当最终的设计方案在纽约希尔顿酒店的新闻发布会上向公众展示时，在场的官员和记者都惊呆了。

Yamasaki's dramatically revised program called for two identical towers, each 110 stories tall -- a full 100 feet higher than the Empire State Building.

山崎重工大幅修改了计划，要求建造两座相同的塔楼，每座塔楼高 110 层，比帝国大厦高 100 英尺。

With every floor over an acre in size, each tower alone contained twice the floor space of Al Smith's Depression era landmark.

每层楼的面积都超过一英亩，每座塔楼的占地面积是大萧条时期阿尔·史密斯地标建筑面积的两倍。

Even Nelson Rockefeller was astounded by the plan -- gleefully confiding to a senior aide, "My God, these towers will make David's building look like an outhouse."

就连纳尔逊·洛克菲勒也对这个计划感到震惊——高兴地向一位高级助手吐露，“天哪，这些塔楼将使大卫的大楼看起来像一个户外厕所。”

An editorial in The New York Times that ran the next day took a more sober view.

《纽约时报》第二天发表的一篇社论提出了更为清醒的观点。

"Their impact on New York, for better or for worse, economically and architecturally, is bound to be enormous."

“无论好坏，无论是经济上还是建筑上，它们对纽约的影响必然是巨大的。”

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: So the Twin Towers started as one tower, they became twin towers, they kept getting bigger and bigger, and they really became an ego trip.

艾达·路易丝·赫克斯泰布尔（Ada Louise Huxtable），建筑评论家：所以双子塔一开始是一座塔，后来变成了双子塔，它们变得越来越大，它们真的成为了一次自我之旅。

Suddenly, it became possible for the Port Authority to build the tallest buildings in the world, which is the most ephemeral of all titles.

突然间，港务局有可能建造世界上最高的建筑，而这是所有头衔中最短暂的。

It's taken away from you very quickly and always will be.

它很快就会从你身边被夺走，而且永远都会如此。

But there is something that is inside of human beings that wants to reach for the skies.

但人类内心深处有一种渴望到达天空的力量。

And I'd like to think that it was that romantic and that spiritual and that symbolic.

我想它就是那么浪漫、那么精神、那么具有象征意义。

Within days of the press conference at the New York Hilton, a storm of protest had begun to break over the offices of the Port Authority -- bringing to a climax tensions and conflicts that had been building for years, and threatening to halt the mammoth project before it had even gotten off the ground.

在纽约希尔顿酒店举行新闻发布会后的几天内，一场抗议风暴开始席卷港务局办公室，将多年来积累的紧张局势和冲突推向高潮，并威胁在这个庞大的项目启动之前就停止。

Robert Stern, Architect: I started out not liking the World Trade Center, because the World Trade Center was the Conrad Veidt of buildings.

建筑师罗伯特·斯特恩：我一开始不喜欢世贸中心，因为世贸中心是建筑界的康拉德·维特。

Conrad Veight was "the man you loved to hate." The World Trade Center were the buildings you loved to hate.

康拉德·维特是“一个让你又爱又恨的人”。世贸中心是一座让你又爱又恨的建筑。

I was very much around when the process of the clearing of the site and the protests about the destruction of that kind of funky agglomeration of street patterns and activities around it were there.

当清理场地的过程以及对破坏这种时髦的街道模式和周围活动聚集的抗议发生时，我就在场。

I resented its massive dumbness, its huge size -- the fact that it tipped the balance of the skyline to the west in an unnatural way -- if you can call something like a manmade skyline of Manhattan natural.

我讨厌它的巨大愚蠢，它的巨大尺寸——事实上，它以一种不自然的方式将天际线的平衡向西倾斜——如果你可以把曼哈顿人造天际线这样的东西称为自然的话。

Robert Stern: , Architect : The Trade Center was being realized at a time when there was what could be described as a paradigm shift about architecture and urban development.

罗伯特·斯特恩：建筑师：贸易中心的建成正值建筑和城市发展发生范式转变的时期。

Preservation was a growing sentiment among a wide number of people in New York and other places at this time.

当时，纽约和其他地方的许多人对保护的态度日益强烈。

Remember the Pennsylvania Station protest was '63, the destruction '66.

请记住，宾夕法尼亚车站的抗议是 63 年，破坏是 66 年。

It's just those years the Trade Center is being hatched and developed.

就在那些年，贸易中心正在孵化和发展。

And so you have these two models of urbanism or urban growth coming head to head at the Trade Center site.

因此，这两种城市化或城市增长模式在贸易中心遗址上展开了正面交锋。

So people were very much divided as to whether this project should even happen.

因此，人们对于这个项目是否应该实施存在很大分歧。

Pete Hamill, Writer: There was great argument about it at the time.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：当时对此存在很大争议。

People said, "This is not the business of the Port Authority.

人们说：“这不是港务局的事。

The Port Authority should be talking about the port.

港务局应该谈论港口。

If we're losing the ocean liners, what are we going to put there?" And it was a valid argument, I thought.

如果我们失去了远洋客轮，我们要在那里放什么？”我想，这是一个有效的论点。

Carol Willis: , Historian : The opposition came from a lot of different directions.

卡罗尔·威利斯：历史学家：反对派来自很多不同的方向。

There were many people within the New York real estate industry who were opposed to the World Trade Center's 10 million square feet of new office space flooding the market, because they legitimately feared that that space would throw out of whack the whole commercial private market in real estate in New York.

纽约房地产行业内有很多人反对世贸中心1000万平方英尺的新办公空间涌入市场，因为他们有理由担心这个空间会扰乱纽约整个商业私人房地产市场。

Mike Wallace: , Historian : When word is clear that the Port Authority is going to subsidize this enormous trade complex, which is now only very marginally has anything to do with the port, because in fact they're moving the port, you know.

迈克·华莱士：历史学家：当有消息明确表明港务局将补贴这个巨大的贸易综合体时，它现在与港口的关系非常小，因为事实上他们正在搬迁港口，你知道。

So the old rationale is crumbling.

因此，旧的理论基础正在崩溃。

You get a complex of interests, particularly the people who own the Empire State Building, who say, "Wait a minute!

你会得到复杂的利益，特别是帝国大厦的拥有者，他们会说：“等一下！

FOUL BALL!

犯规！

You're in fact using government public dollars to underwrite a massive new complex of office space.

事实上，您正在使用政府公共资金来承保新建的大型办公空间综合体。

What's going to happen to the rental market?

租赁市场将会发生什么？

It's going to not only destroy downtown, because you're going to build far more office space than you actually need, but it's going to mess up my property up here in the Empire State Building." So they bring suits, and they try to stop it.

这不仅会破坏市中心，因为你要建造的办公空间远远超过实际需要，而且还会弄乱我在帝国大厦的财产。”所以他们提出诉讼，试图阻止它。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : The main objection to this project came from the people who owned the Empire State Building.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：对该项目的主要反对意见来自帝国大厦的所有者。

The Empire State Building was owned by Harry Helmsley and Larry Wien.

帝国大厦由哈利·赫尔姆斯利和拉里·维恩拥有。

And they, when they heard the announcement of our plan, which was in 1964, they formed a "Committee for a Reasonable World Trade Center." And they gave them a budget of $500,000 to prevent the construction of the World Trade Center.

当他们在 1964 年听到我们的计划宣布时，他们成立了一个“合理的世界贸易中心委员会”。他们给了他们50万美元的预算来阻止世贸中心的建设。

So I went and met with Mr. Helmsley one day.

所以有一天我去见了赫尔姆斯利先生。

I said, "Harry" -- I knew him -- I said, "Harry, could you tell me what is a reasonable World Trade Center?" And he said, "Yes." I said, "What's that?" He said, "100 floors high." And I said, "Well, your Empire State Building's 102." And I said, "I'm sorry, but I think 110 is a better number."

我说，“哈利”——我认识他——我说，“哈利，你能告诉我什么是合理的世贸中心吗？”他说：“是的。”我说：“那是什么？”他说：“100层楼高。”我说：“好吧，你们的帝国大厦是 102 号。”我说：“抱歉，但我认为 110 是一个更好的数字。”

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : My mother, who loved television she said, "You know, you're my son and I love you very much, but I must tell you, if you're going to hurt television reception in this area, you better stop that project of yours right now." And I knew I had big problems.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：我的母亲非常喜欢电视，她说：“你知道，你是我的儿子，我非常爱你，但我必须告诉你，如果你要损害这个地区的电视接收，你最好立即停止你的那个项目。”我知道我有很大的问题。

In any case, we did.

无论如何，我们做到了。

We actually negotiated a deal with the television people, and they moved down to our place.

我们实际上与电视工作人员谈判达成了一项协议，他们搬到了我们这里。

And it all worked out.

一切顺利。

Pete Hamill, Writer: I really felt the assault on Cortlandt Street, because you slowly began to look at the plans as they emerge, and you find out there's not going to be a Cortlandt Street.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：我确实感受到了对科特兰街的攻击，因为你慢慢地开始审视计划的出现，然后你发现不会有科特兰街。

They're going to have a sign that says Cortlandt Street, and after that it will be nothing but concrete and a plaza into which nobody ever stepped.

他们将有一个标有“科特兰街”的标志，之后它将只剩下混凝土和一个无人踏足的广场。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: Well, that was the urban renewal formula of the '60's, that was so disastrous in cities across the country: the idea of clearing out, supposedly getting rid of blight, which unfortunately was a synonym for history, and for small business.

Ada Louise Huxtable，建筑评论家：嗯，这就是 60 年代的城市更新公式，在全国各地的城市中都是灾难性的：清理的想法，据说是摆脱枯萎病，不幸的是，这成了历史和小企业的同义词。

And then to substitute these superblocks with huge buildings.

然后用巨大的建筑取代这些超级街区。

The real estate community had an expression -- ripe for redevelopment.

房地产界有一个说法——重建时机已经成熟。

You cut off, you closed, or there's an official word for that, too, you de-mapped, wonderful old streets and small buildings that gave you the history and the flavor and the continuity of the city, and you put them together for a superblock.

你切断了，你关闭了，或者也有一个官方的说法，你取消了地图，美妙的老街道和小建筑给了你城市的历史、风味和连续性，你把它们放在一起形成一个超级街区。

For the World Trade Center, 14 historic streets became two superblocks.

对于世贸中心来说，14 条历史悠久的街道变成了两个超级街区。

Robert Stern: , Architect : If you're a planner, you look at the map; or you're in an airplane, you look down at the city, you see this area: four-story buildings, slightly tumbled down in appearance; what would appear to be marginal retail uses -- electronics shops and so forth.

罗伯特·斯特恩：，建筑师：如果你是规划师，你就会看地图；如果你是规划师，你就会看地图；如果你是规划师，你就会看地图。或者你在飞机上，你俯视这座城市，你看到这个区域：四层楼的建筑，外观略微倒塌；看似边缘的零售用途——电子商店等等。

So in the mentality of post World War Two redevelopment, this was a soft area, an easy kill: hardly anybody to relocate; no institutions to relocate; and nobody living there, to speak of.

因此，从第二次世界大战后重建的心态来看，这是一个软性区域，很容易被消灭：几乎没有人可以搬迁；几乎没有人可以搬迁。没有机构需要搬迁；更何况没有人住在那里。

So there it was, quick: one-two-three, do it.

就这样，快点：一二三，开始吧。

But by the time the site began to be really getting ready for clearance, people saying, "You're tearing out this living, vital part of the city.

但当该地点真正开始准备清理时，人们说：“你正在拆毁这座城市这个生机勃勃、至关重要的部分。

Sy Sims (archival newsreel): Well over 1,000 businessmen in this area, 13 square blocks of Lower Manhattan, we will fight this with all the strength that we have in order preserve free enterprise in Manhattan.

Sy Sims（档案新闻片）：曼哈顿下城 13 个街区，这个地区有超过 1,000 名商人，我们将竭尽全力与之抗争，以维护曼哈顿的自由企业。

We also feel very reluctant about our city giving up 13 square blocks to the Port Authority.

我们也对我们的城市将13个街区交给港务局感到非常不情愿。

Barry Ray (archival newsreel): We have here a 13-block area, a thriving business area, that will be taken away from the city of New York forever and for all time an area in which the people are the elected people and should have what to say will have no say ever again in this particular area.

巴里·雷（档案新闻片）：我们这里有一个由 13 个街区组成的区域，一个繁荣的商业区，它将永远远离纽约市，而在这个特定区域，人民是民选人民，应该有发言权的地区将永远没有发言权。

Oscar Nadel (archival newsreel): Now, for the last time I might say with respect to the Port Authority: stay out of private enterprise you were told to build bridges and tunnels.

奥斯卡·纳德尔（档案新闻片）：现在，我最后一次对港务局说：远离私营企业，你被告知要建造桥梁和隧道。

And airports, build them.

还有机场，建造它们。

Stay in your business and we'll stay in ours.

专注于您的业务，我们也会专注于我们的业务。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: And Oscar devised a series of spectacular protests, probably the most memorable in a way was when he had people parade him down the street in a coffin with a sign that said "Here lies Mr. Small Businessman.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：奥斯卡设计了一系列壮观的抗议活动，从某种意义上说，最令人难忘的可能是他让人们把他放在棺材里沿街游行，上面写着“这里安息着小商人先生。

Don't let the Port Authority bury him." Well, believe me, he got some press.

不要让港务局埋葬他。”好吧，相信我，他得到了一些媒体的报道。

Just 10 blocks to the north, opponents of Robert Moses would soon score a stunning triumph in their fight to stop the Lower Manhattan Expressway.

就在以北 10 个街区处，罗伯特·摩西的反对者很快就在阻止曼哈顿下城高速公路的斗争中取得了惊人的胜利。

In the end, however, even the rising tide of grassroots activism in New York would prove no match for the power of the Port Authority -- or for the extraordinary political skills of its fiercely determined leader, Austin Tobin.

然而，最终，即使纽约草根激进主义浪潮不断高涨，也无法与港务局的权力相抗衡，也无法与港务局坚定的领导人奥斯汀·托宾的非凡政治技巧相抗衡。

Austin Tobin (archival newsreel): We're talking here about things in the public interest in a free country that concern not a few store owners on a block down in this area, but we're concerning something that's not tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands, but millions of people and their livelihoods in this area and the whole future of this area in its great port which is the foundation of its welfare in the future.

奥斯汀·托宾（档案新闻片）：我们在这里谈论的是一个自由国家中符合公共利益的事情，这些事情涉及的不仅仅是该地区一个街区的少数商店老板，但我们关心的不是数万或数十万，而是数以百万计的人及其在该地区的生计，以及该地区在其伟大港口的整个未来，这是其未来福利的基础。

And those are the issues here and not any phony issue of the Port Authority wanting to get into the real estate business, which is the last thing in the world it has the slightest interest in.

这些就是这里的问题，而不是港务局想要进入房地产业务的任何虚假问题，这是世界上它最不感兴趣的事情。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: Austin Tobin wanted to win so bad.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：奥斯汀·托宾非常想赢。

There's no underestimating that internal fire.

不可低估内心的火焰。

You can't run an agency like the Port Authority, especially in those times, and have the successes that it had, and not have that fire inside.

你不可能经营像港务局这样的机构，尤其是在那个时代，并取得了它所取得的成功，而内部却没有那股火焰。

Austin Tobin wanted it real bad.

奥斯汀·托宾非常想要它。

Now, on the technical side, Tobin was just a lot smarter than the people he was playing against.

现在，在技术方面，托宾比他的对手聪明得多。

If the city was going to make a move, he knew who his people in the city council were he could count on in a pinch.

如果市政府要采取行动，他知道在紧要关头他可以依靠市议会中的哪些人。

He knew that if it became a public relations battle, that he had Lee Jaffe, who had all her ducks in a row with the newspapers.

他知道，如果这成为一场公关战，那么他的对手是李·贾菲（Lee Jaffe），她在报纸上无所事事。

And he had the technical guys, he could pull out arguments that had the authority no one else had.

And he had the technical guys, he could pull out arguments that had the authority no one else had.

No one else could do this.

没有其他人能做到这一点。

How could the city council counter an argument by his engineering department that this kind of a structure was the way it had to be?

市议会如何反驳他的工程部门的论点，即这种结构就是它必须的样子？

How could someone come in from, you know, little Oscer Nadel's protest group and go up against the people who had gone in and just put the second deck on the George Washington Bridge, the third tube in the Lincoln Tunnel?

你知道，小奥瑟·纳德尔的抗议团体中的一个人怎么可能进来，与那些进去并刚刚在乔治·华盛顿大桥、林肯隧道的第三条管道上铺设第二层甲板的人进行对抗呢？

In March 1966, the New York State Court of Appeals turned back the last challenge to the legality of its condemnations.

1966 年 3 月，纽约州上诉法院驳回了对其谴责合法性的最后一次质疑。

On the bright, windswept morning of March 21st, 1966 -- as opponents of the project looked helplessly on -- the first red brick structures on Radio Row, which had stood since the time of the Civil War, began to come down.

1966 年 3 月 21 日，风和日丽的早晨，在该项目的反对者们无助的注视下，无线电街自内战以来一直矗立的第一座红砖建筑开始倒塌。

Mike Wallace: , Historian : They lose.

迈克·华莱士：历史学家：他们输了。

To make a long story short, the "Powers That Are" assembled in favor of remaking Lower Manhattan triumph.

长话短说，“当权者”聚集在一起，支持重塑曼哈顿下城的胜利。

And one by one, these competing uses are literally driven into the sea or pushed on somewhere else.

这些相互竞争的用途一一被推入大海或推到其他地方。

Pete Hamill, Writer: I remember seeing Cortlandt Street being shoveled off to become landfill for what became Battery Park City.

Pete Hamill, Writer: I remember seeing Cortlandt Street being shoveled off to become landfill for what became Battery Park City.

I mean, literally, bulldozers knocked down the old houses and just tipped them over, smashed them over like they were big fists being leveled from the sky somehow.

我的意思是，从字面上看，推土机推倒了旧房子，然后将它们翻倒，将它们砸碎，就像它们是不知何故从天而降的大拳头一样。

Among the many things that were lost on September 11th were the final Polaroid photographs of the houses on Cortlandt Street with their prices that were labeled on them by the assessors, what the owners were going to get paid, you know, $9,000, $12,000, $18,000, whatever it was.

9 月 11 日丢失的众多物品中，有科特兰街房屋的最终拍立得照片，评估人员在上面标明了价格，房主将得到的报酬，你知道，9,000 美元、12,000 美元、18,000 美元，无论是什么。

All those original Polaroids, no negatives, were lost in one of the buildings on September 11th, so that even that, even that record of it is gone.

9 月 11 日，所有那些原始的宝丽来照片（没有底片）都丢失在其中一栋建筑中，所以即便如此，连那份记录也消失了。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: (archival): Who's afraid of the big, bad buildings?

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: (archival): Who's afraid of the big, bad buildings?

Everyone, because there are so many things about gigantism that we just don't know.

大家，因为关于巨人症有太多我们不知道的事情。

The gamble of triumph or tragedy at this scale -- and ultimately it is a gamble -- demands an extraordinary payoff.

如此规模的胜利或悲剧赌博——最终它是一场赌博——需要非凡的回报。

The Trade Center towers could be the start of a new skyscraper age or the biggest tombstones in the world.

贸易中心塔楼可能是新摩天大楼时代的开始，也可能是世界上最大的墓碑。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: I was in a dentist's waiting room in Paris with a giant toothache, and I was looking at what usually, you know, look through those old magazine, old newspapers.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：我在巴黎的一家牙医候诊室里，牙疼得厉害，我正在看通常看的东西，你知道，那些旧杂志、旧报纸。

And somehow I fell onto a small article, but the picture really called my attention.

And somehow I fell onto a small article, but the picture really called my attention.

It was the twin towers but in their model form, because it was in 1968 and they had not yet started to be built.

It was the twin towers but in their model form, because it was in 1968 and they had not yet started to be built.

And I had not yet started to be a wire walker, which is actually the amazing part of the story.

我还没有开始成为一名走钢丝者，这实际上是故事中令人惊奇的部分。

So how could I fall in love with those two towers, the highest towers in the world, said the article?

So how could I fall in love with those two towers, the highest towers in the world, said the article?

So presumptuous, so arrogant, so naive, so romantic.

So presumptuous, so arrogant, so naive, so romantic.

And it was all of that.

这就是全部。

And I remember, I just -- I had to tear the article, and everybody was watching me.

And I remember, I just -- I had to tear the article, and everybody was watching me.

You know, in France everybody's watching each other.

You know, in France everybody's watching each other.

It was very quiet, and I couldn't rip the page, and plus you don't, you know, you don't steal something.

It was very quiet, and I couldn't rip the page, and plus you don't, you know, you don't steal something.

So I actually let go a giant sneeze and under the cover of the sneeze, I teared the article, put it under my shirt, and I had to leave, and I had to find another dentist.

所以我实际上打了一个巨大的喷嚏，在喷嚏的掩护下，我撕下了这篇文章，把它放在我的衬衫下面，我不得不离开，我不得不去找另一位牙医。

But you know, what was it to have a toothache for another week, when what I had now in my chest was a dream?

But you know, what was it to have a toothache for another week, when what I had now in my chest was a dream?

From the very start, the challenge of constructing two immense towers not only taller but far larger than any other in the world would force Austin Tobin's team of builders and engineers to reinvent almost every aspect of skyscraper technology and design -- challenging not only the height but the most basic construction principles of its great rival, the Empire State Building -- and producing along the way one of the greatest works of engineering art ever created.

从一开始，建造两座巨大塔楼的挑战不仅比世界上任何其他塔楼更高，而且比世界上任何其他塔楼都大得多，这将迫使奥斯汀·托宾的建筑商和工程师团队重新发明摩天大楼技术和设计的几乎所有方面——不仅挑战其强大竞争对手帝国大厦的高度，而且挑战最基本的建筑原则——并一路创造出有史以来最伟大的工程艺术作品之一。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: The two buildings -- Empire State and the World Trade Center -- were in one way the same, in that they were symbolic of the city of New York.

莱斯利·罗伯逊，工程师：这两座建筑——帝国大厦和世界贸易中心——在某种程度上是相同的，因为它们都是纽约市的象征。

But inside, inside of the guts of it, if you will, the structure, entirely different.

But inside, inside of the guts of it, if you will, the structure, entirely different.

Entirely different buildings.

完全不同的建筑。

Carol Willis: , Historian : I think the genius of the towers lay in the engineering rather than in the architecture.

卡罗尔·威利斯：历史学家：我认为塔楼的天才之处在于工程而不是建筑。

To build the world's tallest buildings and 110 stories took a special kind of genius.

To build the world's tallest buildings and 110 stories took a special kind of genius.

And that was really Les Robertson and his partners who came up with a way, a device, a plan in order to realize the architectural simplicity of Yamasaki's concept.

这确实是莱斯·罗伯逊和他的合作伙伴想出了一种方法、一种设备、一个计划，以实现山崎的概念的建筑简单性。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: The tallest building I'd ever worked on was 20 or 22 stories.

Leslie Robertson，工程师：我曾经设计过的最高建筑有 20 或 22 层。

But I had the kind of background that very few structural engineers had.

But I had the kind of background that very few structural engineers had.

I was a pretty good mathematician; I knew a lot about the dynamics of structures and even the dynamics of electrical circuits.

我是一位相当优秀的数学家； I knew a lot about the dynamics of structures and even the dynamics of electrical circuits.

In addition to that, I wasn't burdened with the baggage of having done it before, I could sort of look at all those ideas and choose from them, and develop new ones and make, I think, a new kind of building, something that hadn't been created before.

除此之外，我没有背负以前做过的包袱，我可以看看所有这些想法并从中进行选择，开发新的想法，并建造一种新的建筑，一种以前从未创造过的东西。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: They weren't just building the biggest skyscrapers that had ever been put up.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：他们不仅仅是建造有史以来最大的摩天大楼。

They were doing it in a way that hadn't really been tried before on anything remotely like that scale.

他们正在以一种以前从未真正尝试过的方式来进行这种规模的活动。

Engineers use ideas, for the most part, that have been used before.

工程师使用的想法大部分都是以前用过的。

They couldn't do that in the World Trade Center, and so you have a cross between an engineer and a research physicist, in effect, that is being called into play to build these structures.

他们在世贸中心无法做到这一点，因此实际上，工程师和研究物理学家之间的交叉点正在发挥作用来建造这些结构。

The first challenge came with the foundations themselves -- which would have to descend through 70 feet of water-logged landfill originally laid down by the English before reaching bedrock.

第一个挑战来自于地基本身——地基必须下降穿过最初由英国人铺设的 70 英尺的浸水垃圾填埋场，然后才能到达基岩。

To keep the waters of the nearby Hudson at bay, Port Authority engineers constructed a gigantic concrete "bathtub" -- two blocks wide and four blocks long and seven stories high -- unearthing in the process, along with 1.2 million cubic yards of dirt, haunting reminders of the city's long vanished colonial past, including ship-anchors, cannonballs, clay pipes and British coins dating back to the reign of King George II.

为了阻止附近哈德逊河的海水进入海湾，港务局的工程师建造了一个巨大的混凝土“浴缸”——两个街区宽、四个街区长、七层楼高——在这个过程中挖出了120万立方码的泥土，这些泥土让人回想起这座城市早已消失的殖民历史，包括船锚、炮弹、粘土管和可以追溯到乔治二世统治时期的英国硬币。

The greatest challenge by far, however, lay in the engineering of the towers themselves

然而，迄今为止最大的挑战在于塔楼本身的工程

From the start, it was clear that the Port Authority's demand for vast expanses of infinitely flexible office space -- and the towering sculptural forms Yamasaki had designed to meet it -- would require a complete break with the traditional techniques of skyscraper construction, stretching back nearly a century.

从一开始，很明显，港务局对广阔无限灵活的办公空间的需求——以及山崎为满足这一需求而设计的高耸的雕塑形式——需要完全打破近一个世纪以来摩天大楼建造的传统技术。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: The World Trade Center represented a great advance technologically over skyscrapers before its time.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：世贸中心代表了摩天大楼在技术上的巨大进步。

It represented much more of an advance technologically than architecturally.

它代表了技术上的进步，而不是建筑上的进步。

It's unlike a traditional skyscraper that's supported by a steel or concrete gridwork of columns and beams going all the way through the building.

它与传统的摩天大楼不同，传统的摩天大楼由贯穿整个建筑的钢或混凝土网格柱和梁支撑。

The Trade Center is supported mainly by its exterior walls, which were this very, very tight, tight mesh of steel, so tightly woven that it could support the weight of the building.

贸易中心主要由其外墙支撑，外墙是非常非常紧密的钢网，编织得如此紧密，以至于可以支撑建筑物的重量。

In a way, it's sort of like those steel mesh litter baskets that one sees out on the sidewalk, that are actually a very strong structure.

在某种程度上，它有点像人们在人行道上看到的那些钢网垃圾篮，实际上是一个非常坚固的结构。

But this is 110 stories' worth, and square rather than round.

但这是 110 层楼的高度，而且是方形而不是圆形。

But the same kind of idea.

但同样的想法。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: The Trade Center had a different kind of structure.

Leslie Robertson，工程师：贸易中心有一种不同的结构。

It was built more like the wing of an airplane.

它的构造更像是飞机的机翼。

In the wing of the airplane, the strength is all in the surface of the wing, or the fuselage, in both cases.

在飞机的机翼中，在这两种情况下，强度都集中在机翼或机身的表面。

All of the interior columns that had been used in the past were a detriment.

过去使用的所有内部柱子都是有害的。

They were harmful to the design, because we didn't want those interior columns.

它们对设计有害，因为我们不想要那些内部柱子。

We wanted that weight out on the outside, where it would do some good for the stalwartness of the building in resisting these giant loads from the wind.

我们希望外部的重量减轻，这对建筑物的坚固性有好处，可以抵抗来自风的巨大荷载。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: You know, if you put your feet close together and somebody shoves on your shoulder, it's easy for you to fall over.

纽约时报记者詹姆斯·格兰茨：你知道，如果你双脚并拢，有人推你的肩膀，你很容易摔倒。

If you put your feet apart, and someone shoves on your shoulder, it's easy for you to stand up.

如果你把双脚分开，有人推你的肩膀，你就很容易站起来。

And the steel on the outside of the towers was like your feet spread apart, and the shove was like the gusts of the wind, you know, in off the Atlantic Ocean.

塔楼外部的钢铁就像你的双脚分开，推力就像大西洋沿岸的阵风。

If you put the steel out there, you could save a lot of money probably 40 percent in the total amount of steel.

如果你把钢材放在那里，你可以节省很多钱，大概可以节省钢材总量的 40%。

But it also had other implications for how you would use this building, and one of them is that you would have none of these interior columns that hold up the Empire State Building every 20 feet, messing up your floor plan.

但它对您如何使用这座建筑也有其他影响，其中之一是您不会再有这些每隔 20 英尺支撑帝国大厦的内部柱子，从而扰乱您的平面图。

So anybody could come in and deal with the floors however they wanted to, put up their partitions, and it was kind of real estate paradise.

所以任何人都可以进来，按照自己的意愿处理地板，安装隔断，这就是房地产天堂。

Now in fact it was a design that looked great on paper.

事实上，这是一个在纸面上看起来很棒的设计。

But when they went out to the wind tunnel in Fort Collins, Colorado before they put the buildings up they found out that the structure, when it was really put together, at least in miniature form, didn't work quite the way they'd expected.

但是，当他们在建造建筑物之前前往科罗拉多州柯林斯堡的风洞时，他们发现，当结构真正组装在一起时，至少以微型形式，并没有按照他们预期的方式工作。

It just swayed too much beyond anything that would have been remotely reasonable.

它的摇摆幅度太大，超出了任何合理的范围。

In fact, they moved so far that at least one model broke and fell over in the wind.

事实上，他们移动得太远了，至少有一个模型在风中破裂并翻倒。

Now, that didn't mean that the real towers would fall over.

现在，这并不意味着真正的塔会倒塌。

It just meant that they hadn't taken into account the tremendous forces they were going to be dealing with.

这只是意味着他们没有考虑到他们将要面对的巨大力量。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: And so we had to rethink the entire process.

Leslie Robertson，工程师：因此我们必须重新考虑整个过程。

How much can a building move in the wind?

建筑物在风中能移动多少度？

How much would they oscillate?

它们会振荡多少？

No one had ever found out.

从来没有人发现过。

No one had ever tried to find out, even, or even thought there was an issue to find out about.

没有人曾经试图找出答案，甚至没有人认为有一个问题需要找出。

Not only how much does it move; how much can it move?

不仅是它移动了多少；还包括它移动了多少。它能移动多少？

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: And the upshot of it was that Robertson and his collaborator, Alan Davenport, came up with the idea of basically putting shock absorbers in buildings which had never been done before.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：其结果是，罗伯逊和他的合作者艾伦·达文波特提出了在建筑物中安装减震器的想法，这是以前从未做过的。

And, you know, God darn it, it worked.

而且，你知道，天哪，它成功了。

They kept these things from swaying beyond the tolerances that they'd set.

他们防止这些东西的摆动超出他们设定的公差。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : They could resist an 150-mile wind blowing consecutively on one side of the building for 30 minutes, and they would not fall down.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：它们可以抵抗150英里外的风在建筑物一侧连续吹30分钟，而且它们不会倒塌。

I used to say they move like a snake.

我以前常说它们像蛇一样移动。

Different from all other buildings in the world, the strength to resist the wind is in the outside walls instead of the elevator core, which is normal for all other highrise buildings in the world.

与世界上所有其他建筑不同的是，抗风的力量在外墙而不是电梯核心，这对于世界上所有其他高层建筑来说都是正常的。

And so these towers were much stronger, if you would.

所以如果你愿意的话，这些塔要坚固得多。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: The really sublime thing about this from the point of view of the Port Authority is that all of this is happening in the background while Austin Tobin is passionately defending these structures against the critics back in New York city, who have no idea that any of this is going on in the background.

纽约时报记者詹姆斯·格兰茨：从港务局的角度来看，真正崇高的事情是，所有这一切都在幕后发生，而奥斯汀·托宾则热情地为这些建筑辩护，反对纽约市的批评者，他们不知道这一切正在幕后发生。

All it would have taken, probably, was for some of the opponents to know what was going on behind the scenes.

也许，所需要的只是一些反对者知道幕后发生了什么。

When they're out in Colorado in the wind tunnel, and one of the models fell over, put that in one New York newspaper, and there's no World Trade Center.

当他们在科罗拉多州的风洞中，其中一个模型摔倒时，纽约的一份报纸上刊登了这一消息，那里没有世贸中心。

When they're out in Eugene, Oregon, testing people in a room, and people are getting sick as they go back and forth as the motion of the building is being simulated, again, put that in one television program in prime time in New York City.

当他们在俄勒冈州尤金市的一个房间里对人们进行测试时，人们在模拟建筑物的运动时来回走动，从而生病了，再次将其放在纽约市黄金时段的一个电视节目中。

It's very hard to see how the World Trade Center was going to be built.

很难想象世贸中心将如何建造。

But the Port Authority successfully walled off that and other information from the public in the way that shows how good they were, how good Austin Tobin was.

但港务局成功地将这些信息和其他信息与公众隔离开来，表明他们是多么优秀，奥斯汀·托宾是多么优秀。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: We had experimented with pre-prefabrication in a few buildings, but never even close to the scale that it was done on the World Trade Center.

莱斯利·罗伯逊（Leslie Robertson），工程师：我们在一些建筑中尝试过预制，但从未达到世贸中心的规模。

Huge prefabricated elements, constructed all over the United States, with materials that came from all over the world, and finally assembled into one building in New York City.

巨大的预制构件，在美国各地建造，材料来自世界各地，最后在纽约组装成一栋建筑。

We had steelwork being fabricated in Los Angeles, in Dallas, in Seattle, in Pittsburgh, in Virginia, and down into Georgia and up into Canada.

我们在洛杉矶、达拉斯、西雅图、匹兹堡、弗吉尼亚州、佐治亚州和加拿大制造钢结构。

And all of that was coordinated through our offices.

所有这些都是通过我们的办公室进行协调的。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : The Koch Erecting set were the incredible people who ran the job.

盖伊·托佐利 (Guy Tozzoli)：世界贸易中心协会主席：科赫安装团队是负责这项工作的令人难以置信的人。

And I still see Mr. Koch from time to time and I remind him, not one ironworker was killed in the construction of the World Trade Center.

我仍然时不时地见到科赫先生，我提醒他，在世贸中心的建设中没有一名钢铁工人丧生。

And this is what they used to do.

这就是他们过去所做的。

They'd be up on the steel, and they'd look out, and they'd say, "We're going to be all right today, boys.

他们会站在钢铁上，向外张望，然后说：“今天我们会没事的，孩子们。

Mr. Koch just went to mass." There's a little Catholic church down there.

科赫先生刚刚去参加弥撒。”那里有一座小天主教堂。

He went at eight o'clock every morning.

他每天早上八点钟就去。

And they said, "That takes care of us for the day." And sure enough, not a single ironworker died.

他们说：“这就能照顾我们这一天了。”果然，没有一个钢铁工人死亡。

Now of course, the building lent itself to that because we put steel up on the outside walls.

当然，现在这座建筑适合这样做，因为我们在外墙上加了钢材。

And then you could only fall two or three floors, if you ever fell off.

然后如果你摔下来的话，也只能掉两三层楼。

But that was the way it was.

但事情就是这样。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: One of my jobs was to look at all of the possible events that might take place in a highrise building.

Leslie Robertson，工程师：我的工作之一是研究高层建筑中可能发生的所有可能事件。

And of course there had been in New York two incidences of aircraft impact, the most famous one of course being on the Empire State Building.

当然，纽约发生过两起飞机撞击事件，最著名的当然是帝国大厦。

Now, we were looking at an aircraft not unlike the Mitchell bomber that ran into the Empire State Building.

现在，我们看到的是一架与撞入帝国大厦的米切尔轰炸机没有什么不同的飞机。

We were looking at aircraft that was lost in the fog, trying to land.

我们正在看着在雾中迷失的飞机，试图降落。

It was a low-flying, slow-flying 707, which was the largest aircraft of its time.

这是一架低空飞行、缓慢飞行的 707，是当时最大的飞机。

And so we made calculations, not anywhere near the level of sophistication that we could today.

所以我们进行了计算，但其复杂程度远没有达到今天的水平。

But inside of our ability, we made calculations of what happened when the airplane goes in and it takes out a huge section of the outside wall of the building.

但在我们的能力范围内，我们计算了当飞机进入并摧毁建筑物外墙的很大一部分时会发生什么。

And we concluded that it would stand.

我们得出的结论是它会成立。

It would suffer but it would stand.

它会受苦，但它会坚持下去。

And the outside wall would have a big hole in it, and the building would be in place.

外墙上会有一个大洞，建筑物就会就位。

What we didn't look at is what happens to all that fuel.

我们没有考虑的是所有这些燃料会发生什么。

And perhaps we could be faulted for that, for not doing so.

也许我们会因此而受到指责，因为我们没有这样做。

But for whatever reason we didn't look at that question of what would happen to the fuel.

但无论出于何种原因，我们都没有考虑燃料会发生什么变化的问题。

It was inconceivable at the time that it would also have to be protected against a 500-year plane crash -- or a 500-year fire.

在当时，难以想象它还必须受到保护，以防止 500 年的飞机失事或 500 年的火灾。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: I think in effect, the towers had an Achilles' heel, and that was the fire.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：我认为实际上，双塔有一个致命弱点，那就是火灾。

They really didn't know much about fire.

他们对火确实了解不多。

And they really didn't pay much attention to fire.

而且他们对于火灾也确实不太重视。

The structure they finally came up with worked just as good as the traditional ones in battling the wind and holding up against gravity.

他们最终想出的结构在抗风和抵抗重力方面与传统结构一样有效。

But they were much lighter.

但它们要轻得多。

The steel was lighter, thinner.

钢更轻、更薄。

And you know how if you slice up an ice cube and put it in your drink it will, it will melt faster than if you have a whole ice cube.

而且您知道，如果您将冰块切成薄片并将其放入饮料中，它会比整个冰块融化得更快。

Well, that's the way of these lighter structures.

嗯，这就是这些较轻结构的方式。

They would heat up faster in a fire.

它们在火中会加热得更快。

The real question is: Should they have been able to anticipate that this was something that they would have to protect against?

真正的问题是：他们是否应该能够预见到这是他们必须防范的事情？

And I just don't know the answer to the question.

我只是不知道这个问题的答案。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: One of the things that we have to say about the Trade Center, with all due respect to its qualities such as they were, is that it was a dinosaur when it went up.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：关于贸易中心，我们不得不说的一件事是，尽管对它的品质给予了应有的尊重，但它崛起时是一只恐龙。

It represented a way of building that had in fact already begun to be discredited.

它代表了一种事实上已经开始受到质疑的建筑方式。

Jane Jacobs's book, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, which played so large a role in shifting people's viewpoints back toward an appreciation of the street and the real city and the organic nature of cities, had already appeared.

简·雅各布斯（Jane Jacobs）的书《美国大城市的死与生》已经问世，它在将人们的观点转变回对街道、真实城市以及城市有机本质的认识方面发挥了巨大作用。

And by the time the Trade Center was finished in the 70s, there were lots of other things to express a sort of shift in attitude.

当贸易中心在 70 年代竣工时，还有很多其他事情可以表达态度的转变。

So the World Trade Center was an enormous project with a very long gestation period, that was sort of out of date by the time it was finished, which made it, in a way, all the sadder.

因此，世贸中心是一个巨大的项目，酝酿期很长，当它完工时，它已经有点过时了，这在某种程度上让它变得更加悲伤。

Robert Stern: , Architect : And then of course, the Trade Center's finished at a time when the economy is in the toilet -- I think that's the best way to put it.

罗伯特·斯特恩：建筑师：当然，贸易中心是在经济陷入困境的时候竣工的——我认为这是最好的表达方式。

The Vietnam War has ripped the country apart.

越南战争使这个国家四分五裂。

The divisiveness of the young versus the old, the "haves" versus the "have nots," had never been greater than perhaps except in the case of the Civil War.

年轻人与老年人、“富人”与“穷人”之间的分歧也许从来没有比内战时期更大。

And there were these two monsters, huge, undifferentiated buildings, rising here, and the context around them hadn't even been finished.

而这两座怪物，巨大的、无差别的建筑，就在这里拔地而起，而它们周围的脉络甚至还没有完成。

In April 1970, progress on the towers was slowed when scores of construction workers clashed violently with antiwar demonstrators on the streets of Lower Manhattan.

1970 年 4 月，由于数十名建筑工人与曼哈顿下城街道上的反战示威者发生暴力冲突，双塔建设进度放缓。

By then, public sentiment about the project and its builders had begun to shift dramatically, and even Austin Tobin had begun to lose his way.

那时，公众对该项目及其建设者的看法开始发生巨大变化，甚至奥斯汀·托宾也开始迷失方向。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: As they're building the World Trade Center, after he's given everything he had to put it up.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：当他们建造世贸中心时，在他付出了一切努力之后。

He's starting to battle with New Jersey governor Cahill.

他开始与新泽西州州长卡希尔发生争执。

He's also losing the battle on mass transit.

他还在公共交通方面输掉了战斗。

His reputation in the press is taking a dive.

他在媒体上的声誉正在下降。

He's always had very careful control of the press, partly through his chief press officer, Lee Jaffe, through all those years, very carefully managed kind of guy, someone who didn't have to deal with these little details like legislatures, mayors, the citizenry of New York City.

他总是非常谨慎地控制媒体，部分是通过他的首席新闻官李·贾菲（Lee Jaffe），这些年来，他是一个管理非常谨慎的人，不需要处理立法机关、市长和纽约市公民等小细节。

And by the time the towers are finished it's no longer fun for him.

当塔楼完工时，这对他来说就不再有趣了。

He's really become embittered.

他真的变得怨毒了。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: I remember being offended that the title for the tallest building was being taken away from the Empire State Building, a building that I liked much more and felt represented the spirit of New York much better than the World Trade Center.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：我记得帝国大厦被剥夺了最高建筑的称号，这让我感到很生气，因为帝国大厦是我更喜欢的建筑，我觉得它比世贸中心更能代表纽约的精神。

And I remember thinking, you know, this whole thing is a sort of gargantuan piece of banality.

我记得我当时想，你知道，这整件事是一种巨大的平庸。

Carol Willis: , Historian : As always happens in New York, buildings come in cycles of boom and bust.

卡罗尔·威利斯（Carol Willis）：历史学家：正如纽约经常发生的那样，建筑物会经历繁荣和萧条的循环。

And generally the tallest buildings come before the break in the cycle, before a crash.

一般来说，最高的建筑物出现在周期中断之前、崩溃之前。

And that was the case with the World Trade Center.

世贸中心就是这种情况。

The fiscal crisis, the energy crisis, all kinds of crises in New York, a social crisis as well, befell New York in the -- in the mid-1970s and affected the fortunes of the city in many ways beyond the sheer revenues of trade and of business.

财政危机、能源危机、纽约的各种危机以及社会危机在 20 世纪 70 年代中期降临到纽约，并在许多方面影响了这座城市的命运，而不仅仅是单纯的贸易和商业收入。

Finally, at 11:30 a.m.

终于，上午 11 点 30 分。

on the cold foggy morning of Wednesday, December 23rd, 1970, the final column of the north tower -- a 36 foot long, four-ton piece of steel, draped with a large American flag -- was hoisted into place on the 110th floor.

1970 年 12 月 23 日星期三，寒冷、多雾的早晨，北塔的最后一根柱子——一根 36 英尺长、重 4 吨的钢材，上面挂着一面巨大的美国国旗——在 110 层被吊装就位。

To celebrate the momentous occasion, workers raised a 30-foot-tall Christmas tree on the southeast corner of the building.

为了庆祝这一重要时刻，工人们在大楼的东南角竖起了一棵 30 英尺高的圣诞树。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : December 1970.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：1970 年 12 月。

The reason I remember it is the last piece of steel went up and the next day the first tenant moved into the bottom of the building.

我记得的原因是最后一块钢材升起，第二天第一个租户搬进了大楼的底部。

Actually two tenants moved in that day, and on the ninth and 10th floors.

事实上，那天有两个租户搬进来，分别是九楼和十楼。

In all, a total of 192,000 tons of structural steel -- nearly four times that of the Empire State Building -- had been raised 1,360 feet into the sky -- 25 stories taller than the top floor of Al Smith's beloved uptown landmark, and 110 feet higher than the tip of its great Art Deco mooring mast.

总共 192,000 吨结构钢——几乎是帝国大厦的四倍——被升到了 1,360 英尺的高空——比阿尔·史密斯备受喜爱的住宅区地标的顶层高 25 层，比其伟大的装饰艺术系泊桅杆的顶端高 110 英尺。

To a remarkable degree, however, the achievement would go all but ignored -- obscured by the growing troubles of the city below, and by the rising tide of criticism that now began to engulf the project just as it neared completion.

然而，在很大程度上，这一成就几乎被忽视了——被下面城市日益增长的麻烦以及日益高涨的批评浪潮所掩盖，这些批评浪潮现在开始席卷该项目，而该项目即将完成。

Camilo Jose Vergara: , Photographer : There was some sense that there was something insane here that was -- that was being done, because there was no need for it.

卡米洛·何塞·维加拉（Camilo Jose Vergara）：，摄影师：有一种感觉，这里有一些疯狂的事情——正在这样做，因为没有必要这样做。

This was a city that was getting into more and more trouble, where the city finances were terrible, where crime was rising, where all of the problems that then came to a head in '75, where the almost bankruptcy of the city, were all there.

这是一座陷入越来越多麻烦的城市，城市的财政状况很糟糕，犯罪率不断上升，所有在 75 年几乎破产的问题都在那里。

And yet they were putting this building up!

然而他们却建造了这座建筑！

And you'd say, "What's going on?"

你会说：“发生了什么事？”

One critic dismissed them as "a standing monument to architectural boredom," another as "the largest aluminum siding job in the history of the world."

一位评论家将其斥为“无聊的建筑纪念碑”，另一位评论家则将其斥为“世界历史上最大的铝制壁板工程”。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic (archival): The towers are pure technology, the lobbies are pure schmaltz and the impact on New York is pure speculation.

艾达·路易丝·赫克斯泰布尔（Ada Louise Huxtable），建筑评论家（档案）：塔楼是纯粹的技术，大厅是纯粹的混乱，对纽约的影响纯粹是猜测。

The windows are so narrow that one of the miraculous benefits of the tall building, the panoramic view out, is destroyed.

窗户太窄了，以至于破坏了高层建筑的神奇优势之一，即窗外的全景。

These are big buildings but they are not great architecture.

这些是大型建筑，但它们并不是伟大的建筑。

Robert Stern: , Architect : Of course people hated, you know, working in the Trade Center.

罗伯特·斯特恩：建筑师：你知道，人们当然讨厌在贸易中心工作。

The reason it was filled up was because the space was cheaper than a comparable space in lower buildings.

它被填满的原因是因为这个空间比较低建筑物中的类似空间便宜。

They hated it because the elevator systems, nuisance to go up and down.

他们讨厌电梯系统，因为上下很麻烦。

It was like you planned whether you had to actually leave your office because it was so inconvenient.

就像您计划是否必须真正离开办公室一样，因为它太不方便了。

I think the Trade Center was also a terrible failure on an urban design level or a public space level.

我认为贸易中心在城市设计层面或公共空间层面上也是一个可怕的失败。

The plaza was dead.

广场死了。

The plaza managed to be dead, not only in day-to-day use, or even for the occasional festival, but could never quite fill it.

这个广场不仅在日常使用中，甚至在偶尔的节日中，都变得死气沉沉，而且永远无法完全填满它。

But even in the movies, when they made The Wiz or when they made the second version of King Kong, it still couldn't come to life.

但即使在电影中，当他们制作《绿野仙踪》或制作第二版《金刚》时，它仍然无法实现。

It just resisted vitality.

它只是抵抗生命力。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: The impact of the Trade Center on the Lower Manhattan environment was really rather devastating.

Paul Goldberger，建筑评论家：贸易中心对曼哈顿下城环境的影响确实是相当毁灭性的。

The plaza in front of the World Trade Center was a concrete football field.

世贸中心前的广场是一个混凝土足球场。

It was not an appealing place at all.

那根本不是一个吸引人的地方。

Most of the shopping and activity took place underground, which was at a further remove from the street life of New York.

大部分购物和活动都在地下进行，远离纽约的街头生活。

The buildings only succeeded as abstract objects.

这些建筑物只是作为抽象物体而成功。

They did succeed ultimately pretty well as abstract objects, but it is not out of abstract geometric forms that you make a city.

它们作为抽象物体最终确实取得了相当大的成功，但城市并不是用抽象的几何形式建造的。

You make a city out of street life.

你用街头生活打造了一座城市。

And the World Trade Center pushed away the street life of Lower Manhattan in favor of something very different.

世贸中心抛弃了曼哈顿下城的街头生活，转而追求一种截然不同的东西。

Almost immediately, the basic premise upon which the towers had been built -- the desirability of concentrating trade-related businesses under a single roof -- was shown to have little basis in reality.

几乎立刻，建造双子塔的基本前提——将与贸易相关的业务集中在一个屋顶下的愿望——就被证明在现实中没有什么基础。

Despite vigorous efforts to promote the complex, few tenants signed up.

尽管大力宣传该综合体，但签约的租户却寥寥无几。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: At the beginning, because there was not nearly enough business to fill it, it was bailed out by its builders.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：一开始，因为没有足够的业务来填补它，所以它被建筑商救助了。

Governor Nelson Rockefeller committed to putting offices of the State of New York into one tower, and the Port Authority moved all of its own offices into the other.

纳尔逊·洛克菲勒州长承诺将纽约州的办公室迁入一座塔楼，而港务局则将其所有办公室迁至另一座塔楼。

So in fact, it was mostly a big civic boondoggle, in effect, and had only a minimal amount of tenants who were actually part of the original concept.

因此，事实上，这主要是一个巨大的公民浪费，实际上，只有极少量的租户实际上是最初概念的一部分。

And there was even worse news for the downtown real estate market.

对于市中心的房地产市场来说，还有更糟糕的消息。

Far from revitalizing the fortunes of Lower Manhattan, the World Trade Center had flooded the market with millions of square feet of unwanted office space -- deepening the district's economic woes still further.

世贸中心非但没有重振曼哈顿下城的命运，反而让市场充斥着数百万平方英尺不需要的办公空间，进一步加剧了该地区的经济困境。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: So by somehow bringing all these many millions, 10 million square feet of office space on line, at the time that there's an economic recession, I'm pulling people out of your building to come into mine, subsidized by the government.

历史学家杰克逊：因此，在经济衰退时，通过某种方式将数百万、1000万平方英尺的办公空间投入使用，我将人们从你们的大楼中拉出来，进入我的大楼，并得到政府的补贴。

Your building then is not worth as much, because your building, by the way, does pay taxes.

那么你的建筑物就没有那么值钱了，因为顺便说一句，你的建筑物确实纳税。

And yet you've got fewer tenants, so that what we have done here in New York City, at least according to the critics was, we built a new building that we don't need.

然而，租户却越来越少，所以我们在纽约市所做的事情，至少根据批评者的说法是，我们建造了一座我们不需要的新建筑。

We've reduced the value of the old buildings that we already had and were paying taxes and supporting the police and the schools and fire and everything else, so we've in a sense compounded our mistake.

我们降低了我们已经拥有的旧建筑的价值，并纳税并支持警察、学校、消防和其他一切，所以从某种意义上说，我们加剧了我们的错误。

Carol Willis: , Historian : I think when the Trade Center was finished in 1973; we were just at the moment when New York was about to begin descending rather than ascending.

卡罗尔·威利斯 (Carol Willis)：历史学家：我想是 1973 年贸易中心竣工时；我们正处于纽约即将开始下降而不是上升的时刻。

The fiscal crisis would hit.

财政危机将会袭来。

The buildings would remain largely empty for many years.

这些建筑物将在很多年内基本上空置。

They would consume the kind of energy -- on their floors with fluorescent lights that had only one switch and where it was simply on or off.

他们会消耗这样的能源——在装有荧光灯的地板上，只有一个开关，而且它只是打开或关闭。

There was in every way a kind of symbol of empty wastefulness that represented an over-reaching ambition perhaps on the part of Americans and a blind eye to the environment and to other kinds of social equations that seemed to be lost in this sort of blank symbolism of these two great icons.

从各个方面来说，都有一种空洞浪费的象征，它代表了美国人可能的过度野心，以及对环境和其他社会方程式的视而不见，而这些方程式似乎在这两位伟大偶像的这种空白象征意义中消失了。

When a reporter asked why he had missed the historic ceremony, Tobin replied simply, "Because it was raining."

当记者问他为什么错过了这场历史性的仪式时，托宾简单地回答说：“因为正在下雨。”

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: He was not there at the official opening of the World Trade Center.

纽约时报记者詹姆斯·格兰茨：他没有出席世贸中心的正式开幕仪式。

He never moved into the World Trade Center.

他从未搬进世贸中心。

And he really hardly goes down there until he is dying of cancer.

在他死于癌症之前，他真的很少去那里。

So is it sad?

那么悲伤吗？

Yes, it's extremely sad.

是的，这是非常悲伤的。

It's a very sad and unexpected end to the story, because this guy was one of the most powerful and most efficient and admired and studied bureaucratic leaders in the history of the United States.

这个故事的结局非常悲伤和出乎意料，因为这个人是美国历史上最有权势、最有效率、最受尊敬和研究的官僚领导人之一。

But his crowning achievement turns out to be, in the end, a big draft of bitterness for him.

但最终，他的最高成就却给他带来了巨大的痛苦。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : You know, we named the plaza the Austin Tobin Plaza, long after he left.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：你知道，在他离开很久之后，我们将这个广场命名为奥斯汀·托宾广场。

And Austin, we knew, was very sick.

我们知道，奥斯汀病得很重。

And I think of all the projects that the Port Authority did, I think Austin felt that the Trade Center was his greatest.

我想到港务局所做的所有项目，我认为奥斯汀认为贸易中心是他最伟大的项目。

And I got a call one day, and he came down in a wheelchair.

有一天我接到一个电话，他坐在轮椅上下来。

And I wheeled him out to the plaza.

我把他推到广场上。

And he asked if he could be left alone.

他问是否可以让他一个人呆着。

And Austin sat in that wheelchair for almost two hours.

奥斯汀坐在轮椅上将近两个小时。

And he looked at the plaza and the great sculpture that was in the plaza, and he could see the hotel and the Customs House and the commodity building and the Nagare sculpture's beautiful, and Fritz Koenig's sculpture, which was in the middle of that fountain.

他看着广场和广场上的伟大雕塑，他可以看到酒店、海关大楼、商品建筑和美丽的纳加雷雕塑，还有喷泉中央的弗里茨·科尼格的雕塑。

Those were great works of art.

这些都是伟大的艺术作品。

And I remember leaving him there, and then I came and got him.

我记得把他留在那里，然后我来接他。

And I never saw him again after that.

从那以后我就再也没有见过他。

He died almost within weeks after that one moment, two hours, being out there looking at the plaza of the World Trade Center, named after him.

在那一刻，两个小时后，他在外面看着以他命名的世贸中心广场，几乎在几周内就去世了。

For six years following his epiphany in the dentist's office in Paris, Philippe Petit had nurtured his dream -- painstakingly perfecting his skills as a high wire artist, and devouring everything he could find about the twin towers.

在巴黎牙医诊所顿悟后的六年里，菲利普·佩蒂特一直在培育他的梦想——煞费苦心地完善他作为一名高空钢丝艺术家的技能，并吞噬他能找到的关于双子塔的一切。

In early January 1974, he flew to New York City for the first time in his life -- to put in motion the next elaborate phase of the illegal escapade he now called simply the coup .

1974 年 1 月初，他生平第一次飞往纽约市，以启动他现在称之为政变的非法越轨行动的下一阶段。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: When I came to New York, it was winter.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：当我来到纽约时，正值冬天。

And I had a little journal or a little whatever, I wrote my thoughts.

我有一本小日记或者其他什么东西，我写下了我的想法。

And I thought: It's old, it's dirty, it's full of skyscrapers, I love it.

我想：它又旧又脏，到处都是摩天大楼，我喜欢它。

That was my first little entry the first day I saw New York.

这是我第一天来到纽约的第一篇小文章。

I remember my first encounter with the the Twin Towers.

我记得我第一次见到双子塔。

I got out of the subway -- it was a long subway ride -- and out of the darkness I emerged at the base of one of the tower, and look up.

我走出地铁——这是一次很长的地铁之旅——从黑暗中我出现在其中一座塔的底部，然后向上看。

And like a slap in the face I saw that my dream was impossible.

就像一记耳光打在我脸上，我发现我的梦想是不可能实现的。

I mean, it was right there in aluminum and glass and steel and concrete behind it.

我的意思是，它就在它后面的铝、玻璃、钢和混凝土中。

It was right there.

它就在那里。

It said: impossible.

它说：不可能。

And yet somehow I actually find myself trespassing over the plaza, still under construction, and sneaking in one of the tower and climbing and climbing inside the building, until I find myself very close to the top, and until there were no more windows, no more partitions.

然而不知何故，我实际上发现自己侵入了仍在建设中的广场，并潜入其中一座塔楼，在建筑物内爬啊爬，直到我发现自己非常接近顶部，直到不再有窗户，不再有隔断。

There were just the skeleton, the beautiful steel columns and beams of the building.

只剩下建筑物的骨架、漂亮的钢柱和钢梁。

And then I emerge and there were no gates.

然后我出来了，没有门。

There were nothing to protect you from the devouring void.

没有任何东西可以保护你免受虚空吞噬。

And I stand and I looked.

我站起来看着。

And the second I look at the other tower, another time the word impossible etch itself inside me.

当我第二次看到另一座塔时，“不可能”这个词又一次在我心中铭刻。

But somehow I went back down and looked again from the street, and there I realize, it's impossible.

但不知怎的，我又回去了，从街上再次观察，我意识到，这是不可能的。

But I'll do it.

但我会做的。

And there was the beginning of a second wave of work -- the real work, the work of getting into the building, not into archaeological findings or architectural magazines, but this time it was the monster, the beast, getting into the belly of the beast every day, which I did, hiding myself, disguising myself, sneaking, being caught, abandoning the project, going back to it, for eight months -- eight months in New York.

第二波工作开始了——真正的工作，进入建筑物的工作，不是考古发现或建筑杂志，但这一次是怪物、野兽，每天都进入野兽的肚子里，我就是这样做的，隐藏自己，伪装自己，偷偷摸摸，被抓住，放弃项目，回到它，八个月——在纽约的八个月。

And the towers, the more I got to know them, the more they become an ally.

还有那些塔楼，我对它们了解得越多，它们就越成为我的盟友。

That's why, when I say I conquered them, probably it's wrong.

这就是为什么当我说我征服了他们时，可能是错误的。

I married them, certainly.

当然，我嫁给了他们。

But they became my friends.

但他们成了我的朋友。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : It was 1974.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：那是 1974 年。

Remember now, I had opened the tower at the end of '70 and I wanted public relations.

请记住，我在 70 年代末开放了这座塔，我想要公共关系。

I needed publicity.

我需要宣传。

I had at least 10 million, 12 million square feet of space, etc. And one day a young journalist, he said he was, named Philippe Petit from France, showed up in my office with two photographer friends of his.

我至少有 1000 万、1200 万平方英尺的空间等等。有一天，一位年轻的记者，他说他是来自法国的菲利普·佩蒂特，和他的两个摄影师朋友一起出现在我的办公室。

These were his buddies.

这些是他的朋友。

And he said, "You know, I'd like to do an article on the World Trade Center." And I said, "Welcome, that's great." And naturally I never asked, "Show me your credentials." And later on, I recognized that the subject always got back to how those towers move in the wind.

他说：“你知道，我想写一篇关于世贸中心的文章。”我说：“欢迎，太好了。”当然，我从来没有问过“出示你的证件”。后来，我意识到这个主题总是回到那些塔如何在风中移动。

At six o'clock on the evening of Tuesday, August 6th, 1974 -- while one team made its way up into the north tower -- Petit -- delirious with exhaustion, and seething with the holy madness of his dream -- slipped up to the top of the south tower, with two confederates posing as deliverymen in tow -- carrying with them three heavy crates filled with equipment, including a disassembled balancing pole, wire for rigging, 250 feet of one-inch braided steel cable, and a bow and arrow.

1974 年 8 月 6 日星期二晚上六点钟，当一支队伍进入北塔时，佩蒂特因精疲力竭而精神错乱，并为他梦想中的神圣疯狂而沸腾，他悄悄爬上南塔的顶部，两名伪装成送货员的同伙拖着三个沉重的板条箱，里面装满了设备，包括一根拆卸下来的平衡杆、用于索具的钢丝、250 英尺一英寸的钢丝。编织钢缆和弓箭。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: The first problem was how to pass the cable across, how to pass the first line, which will ultimately become a rope strong enough to pull a heavy steel cable.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：第一个问题是如何将缆绳穿过，如何穿过第一根绳子，这最终将成为一根足够坚固的绳索，足以拉动沉重的钢缆。

So how to get that fishing line across?

那么如何才能把鱼线拉过去呢？

It's like 200 feet from center of roof to center of roof, roughly.

从屋顶中心到屋顶中心大约有 200 英尺。

We had all kind of ideas.

我们有各种各样的想法。

And the idea that prevailed was the one I thought was ridiculous, was a bow and arrow.

当时流行的想法是我认为荒谬的，那就是弓箭。

But it actually worked.

但它确实有效。

So with a fishing line and a bow and arrow we passed the first line across.

于是，我们用一根钓鱼线和一张弓箭穿过了第一条鱼线。

And then all night we pulled, and then the cable was secured.

然后我们拉了整整一夜，然后电缆就固定好了。

One thousand three hundred and sixty feet below, Wall Street was just beginning to come to life when, at a little past seven on the morning of August 7th, 1974, Philippe Petit stepped out onto the slender, thrumming wire that stretched out across the immense shimmering void.

1974 年 8 月 7 日早上七点多一点，菲利普·佩蒂特 (Philippe Petit) 踏上那条细长、嗡嗡作响的电线，这条电线延伸到巨大、闪闪发光的虚空中，此时，在地下一千三百六十英尺处，华尔街才刚刚开始生机勃勃。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: Whenever other worlds invite us, whenever we are balancing on the boundaries of our limited human condition that's where life starts.

Philippe Petit，钢丝艺术家：每当其他世界邀请我们时，每当我们在有限的人类条件的边界上取得平衡时，生命就开始了。

That's where you start feeling yourself living.

那就是你开始感觉自己活着的地方。

So when my I found myself one foot on the wire, one foot on the building, and ready to decide to shift my weight to become a bird it was not something new.

因此，当我发现自己一只脚踩在电线上，一只脚踩在建筑物上，并准备决定转移我的体重以成为一只鸟时，这并不是什么新鲜事。

And after a few steps, I knew I was in my element.

走了几步后，我知道我已经得心应手了。

I didn't even took the full length of the crossing to get to know the rigging and the vibration of the building and the wire.

我什至没有走完全程来了解建筑物和电线的索具和振动。

And then, very slowly as I walked, I was overwhelmed by a sense of easiness, a sense of simplicity.

然后，当我走得很慢时，我被一种轻松、简单的感觉所淹没。

And actually I can be seen on the first pictures smiling, smiling probably out of disbelief.

事实上，在第一张照片中我可以看到我微笑着，微笑可能是出于难以置信。

It's so easy, after all those years and months of ups and down and detours, victories and disasters.

在经历了这么多年、几个月的风风雨雨、弯路、胜利和灾难之后，这一切是如此简单。

Finally I was carrying my life on a path that was the simplest, the most beautiful, and the easiest.

终于我的人生走上了一条最简单、最美、最轻松的路。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: Somehow I found myself spending 45 minutes and doing eight crossings.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：不知何故，我发现自己花了 45 分钟完成了 8 次穿越。

There were thousands of people, at some point a hundred thousand people.

有数千人，有时甚至有十万人。

And actually, at some point during these different crossings, I actually could hear my audience a quarter of a mile below.

事实上，在这些不同的穿越过程中的某个时刻，我实际上可以听到四分之一英里下方观众的声音。

And I could hear them punctuating what I was doing on the wire.

我可以听到他们在电话里强调我正在做的事情。

Let's say if I would take a bow on one leg, or salute the horizon, or kneel in front of a tower to say hello to the tower, I would hear, almost with an echo, the people cheering, screaming, applauding.

比方说，如果我单腿鞠躬，或者向地平线致敬，或者跪在一座塔楼前向塔楼问好，我就会听到人们的欢呼声、尖叫声、鼓掌声，几乎伴随着回声。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : I had in my car a radio that connected me to the police desk at the World Trade Center.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：我的车里有一台收音机，可以将我与世界贸易中心的警察服务台连接起来。

And on the day in question the light went on.

就在那天，灯亮了。

And the patrolman at the police desk said, "Mr. T, there's a problem in the World Trade Center." I said, "What's the problem?" He said, "There's a guy walking on a tightrope between the two towers.

警察局的巡警说：“T先生，世贸中心出了问题。”我说：“有什么问题吗？”他说：“有一个人在两座塔之间的钢丝上行走。

What should we do?" And I couldn't think of anything else.

我们该怎么办？”我想不出其他什么了。

I said, "Don't let him fall off," and I hung up.

我说：“别让他掉下来。”然后我就挂了电话。

So then I drove a little further.

于是我又开了一点。

I called back.

我回了电话。

I said, "By the way, this is incredible.

我说：“顺便说一句，这太不可思议了。

There's somebody walk-- If he doesn't fall off, and he comes off, don't arrest him."

有人在走路——如果他没有摔倒，而他摔倒了，不要逮捕他。”

Sgt.

中士。

Charles Daniels (archival): Well, after arriving on the rooftop Officer Meyers and I observed the tightrope "dancer" because you couldn't call him a "walker" approximately halfway between the two towers.

查尔斯·丹尼尔斯（档案）：嗯，到达屋顶后，迈耶斯警官和我观察到了走钢丝的“舞者”，因为你不能称他为“步行者”，大约在两座塔之间的中间位置。

And upon seeing us he started to smile and laugh and he started going into a dancing routine on the high wire.

看到我们后，他开始微笑并大笑，并开始在钢丝上跳舞。

He then went down to one knee and we stepped to the background and I said for everyone to be quiet.

然后他单膝跪地，我们走到后台，我让大家安静。

And at this time he laid down on the high wire and you know, just lackadaisically rolled around on the wire like.

这时他躺在高高的钢丝上，你知道，只是懒洋洋地在钢丝上打滚。

He got up he started walking and laughing and dancing.

他站起来，开始走路、大笑、跳舞。

And he turned around and ran back out into the middle.

他转身跑回中间。

He was bouncing up and down.

他上下弹跳。

His feet were actually leaving the wire and then he would resettle back on the wire again.

他的脚实际上已经离开了电线，然后他又重新回到了电线上。

Unbelievably really.

真的令人难以置信。

To the point that we just everybody was spellbound in the watching of it.

以至于我们每个人都被迷住了。

And I personally figured I was watching something that somebody else would never see again in the world.

我个人认为我正在观看一些其他人在世界上永远不会再看到的东西。

Thought it was once in a lifetime.

以为一生只有一次。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: During the walks, I had a sense of dancing on top of the world.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：在散步的过程中，我有一种在世界之巅跳舞的感觉。

I had a sense of having a communion with the city of New York, represented by the crowd below.

我有一种与纽约市（以下面的人群为代表）进行交流的感觉。

I had a sense of having stepped in other worldly matters.

我有一种介入其他世俗事务的感觉。

At some point in one of the crossing, I lay down on the wire and looked at the sky, and I saw a bird above me.

在其中一个十字路口的某个时刻，我躺在电线上，看着天空，我看到一只鸟在我上方。

And again, because of my sense were decouplated, I could see that bird pretty high up, and I saw the eyes were red.

再一次，由于我的感觉被解耦，我可以看到那只鸟很高，而且我看到它的眼睛是红色的。

And I thought of the myth of Prometheus there.

我想到了那里的普罗米修斯神话。

But the bird was circling and looking at me as if I was invading his territory, as if I was trespassing, which I was.

但那只鸟在盘旋，看着我，就好像我正在侵入他的领地，就好像我正在侵入，而我确实是侵入了。

So at some point I thought the gods -- the god of the wind, the gods of the towers, the god of the wire -- all those invisible forces that we persist in thinking they don't exist, but actually that rule our lives -- might become impatient, might become annoyed by my persistent vagabondage there.

所以在某个时候，我想诸神——风之神，塔之神，电线之神——所有那些我们坚持认为它们不存在，但实际上统治我们生活的无形力量——可能会变得不耐烦，可能会对我在那里持续的流浪感到恼火。

So my intuition told me it was time for me to close the curtain of this very intimate performance, it was a walk between me and the towers and I landed on the same tower from which I started, the south tower, and then I had the octopus of the authority, you know, grab me by their hundreds of arms.

所以我的直觉告诉我，是时候关闭这场非常亲密的表演的帷幕了，这是我和塔楼之间的一次步行，我降落在我开始的同一座塔楼上，南塔，然后我有权威的章鱼，你知道，用他们数百只手臂抓住我。

Then he was besieged by an army of admiring reporters.

然后他就被一大群钦佩的记者围住了。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist (archival newsreel): That's the thousandth "why" this morning.

Philippe Petit，高空走线艺术家（档案新闻片）：这是今天早上的第一千个“为什么”。

There's no why.

没有为什么。

Just because when I see a beautiful place to put my wire, I cannot resist.

只是因为当我看到一个美丽的地方来放置我的电线时，我无法抗拒。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist (archival newsreel): I was not afraid.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家（档案新闻片）：我并不害怕。

But I was just looking what I had in front of me.

但我只是看着眼前的东西。

I have really something which was huge and incredible, you know.

你知道，我确实拥有一些巨大而令人难以置信的东西。

So afraid, not, but living more than a thousand percent.

所以害怕，不是，而是活着百分之千以上。

So perhaps that's close to afraid, I don't know.

所以也许这接近于害怕，我不知道。

But at the same time I was happy, happy, happy, happy.

但同时我也很高兴，很高兴，很高兴，很高兴。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: You need dreams to live.

Philippe Petit，高空走线艺术家：你需要梦想才能生活。

It's as essential as a road to walk on and as bread to eat.

它就像行走的路和吃的面包一样重要。

I would have feel myself dying if this dream would have been taken away from me by reason.

如果这个梦想被理性夺走，我会感觉自己快要死了。

The dream was as big as the towers.

梦想和塔一样大。

There was no way it could be taken away from me by authority, by reason, by destiny.

权威、理性、命运都无法将它从我身边夺走。

It was really anchored to me in such a way that life was not conceivable without doing this.

它确实以这样一种方式锚定在我身上，如果不这样做，生活就无法想象。

As Guy Tozzoli had predicted, the exploit was front page news around the country and around the world, and Petit himself became an instant folk hero, and nowhere more so than in New York.

正如盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）所预测的那样，这一事件成为了全国和世界各地的头条新闻，佩蒂特本人立即成为民间英雄，尤其是在纽约。

In the end, thanks in large part to Tozzoli himself, who personally interceded with the judge, all charges were dropped, and the 24-year-old Frenchmen was sentenced instead to perform for a group of children in Central Park.

最后，在很大程度上感谢托佐利本人亲自向法官求情，所有指控都被撤销，这位 24 岁的法国人被判在中央公园为一群儿童表演。

Pete Hamill, Writer: Philippe Petit was the first person to humanize these things, you know he put a human mark on.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），编剧：菲利普·佩蒂特（Philippe Petit）是第一个将这些东西人性化的人，你知道他在上面打上了人性的印记。

He said, "I don't care about your architect and your plans for world trade, I'm gonna walk this thing." And there he did doing this amazing feat in which the whole city applauded, because first of all it took guts and skill but also, it took these two buildings and he conquered them in some astonishing way that had the whole town cheering.

他说：“我不关心你的建筑师和你的世界贸易计划，我要走这件事。”在那里，他确实完成了这一令人惊叹的壮举，全城都为之鼓掌，因为这首先需要勇气和技巧，而且，他以某种令人惊讶的方式征服了这两座建筑，这让全城欢呼。

But it was an astonishing moment.

但这是一个令人惊讶的时刻。

And after that it never happened again.

从那以后，这种事就再也没有发生过。

It's as if you did that once.

就好像你曾经这样做过一样。

It was not to be repeated.

这不再重复了。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : Fabulous.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：太棒了。

You know.

你知道。

It's just that this guy had done this, and it made the towers belong, if you would, more to New York.

只是这个人做到了这一点，这让这些塔楼更加属于纽约，如果你愿意的话。

In honor of his achievement, the Port Authority presented him with a free lifetime pass to the observation deck on the south tower -- where on a bright, windswept afternoon not long after his historic walk, he signed his name in indelible ink on a steel beam overlooking the vast canyon where he had danced among the clouds.

为了纪念他的成就，港务局向他颁发了南塔观景台的终身免费通行证，在他历史性的步行之后不久，在一个阳光明媚、微风吹拂的下午，他用不可磨灭的墨水在钢梁上签下了自己的名字，俯瞰着广阔的峡谷，在那里他在云端翩翩起舞。

In the years to come, he would return to the high perch whenever he could -- trying, without success, to relive the amazing walk in his mind -- and hoping to catch a glimpse one more time of the valiant seagull he had once seen sailing high above him a quarter of a mile in the sky.

在接下来的几年里，只要有可能，他就会回到高处——试图在脑海中重温那次令人惊叹的行走，但没有成功——并希望能再次瞥见那只勇敢的海鸥，他曾经看到过在他上方四分之一英里的天空中翱翔。

Though few people realized it at the time, Petit's extraordinary exploit marked a crucial turning point in the life of the twin towers, and in the life of the beleaguered city that was their home.

尽管当时很少有人意识到，佩蒂特的非凡功绩标志着双子塔的生活以及他们所在的这座陷入困境的城市的生活的一个关键转折点。

In the decades to come, the fortunes of both would undergo a remarkable transformation, as the foundering city, all but written off in the darkest hours of the fiscal crisis, began to rise again in new and unexpected ways -- and as the World Trade Center itself, a hollow mockery when it opened in 1971, finally began to fulfill the grandiose promise of its name.

在接下来的几十年里，这两座城市的命运将经历显着的转变，这座在金融危机最黑暗的时刻几乎被抹杀的城市开始以新的、意想不到的方式重新崛起——而世贸中心本身，在 1971 年开业时还只是一个空洞的嘲讽，最终开始兑现其名字中的宏伟承诺。

Niall Ferguson, Historian & Professor of History, New York University: Well, in many ways, the World Trade Center didn't look to most Americans like something that had anything to do with world trade.

纽约大学历史学家兼历史学教授尼尔·弗格森：嗯，在很多方面，大多数美国人都不喜欢世贸中心与世界贸易有任何关系。

It was a little bit like the World Series, not really having much to do with the rest of the world.

这有点像世界职业棒球大赛，与世界其他地方没有太大关系。

It might have been more convincing if it had been called something like the Manhattan Business Center.

如果它被称为曼哈顿商业中心之类的名字可能会更有说服力。

For the rest of the world, though, it came to be the quintessential expression of globalization, in the sense that New York was the capital of the world economy.

然而，对于世界其他地区来说，从纽约是世界经济之都的意义上来说，它已成为全球化的典型体现。

And in that sense, the two tallest towers in New York were really bound to symbolize economic globalization, even if people living in Manhattan just thought they were the biggest shadow-casting pieces of real estate downtown.

从这个意义上说，纽约的两座最高的塔楼确实象征着经济全球化，即使生活在曼哈顿的人们只是认为它们是市中心房地产的最大阴影部分。

In 1975, the observation deck atop the south tower was opened to the public for the first time -- and almost overnight became one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city.

1975年，南塔顶部的观景台首次向公众开放，几乎一夜之间成为该市最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。

One year later, on July 4th 1976, the nation's bicentennial celebration came to a stunning climax in New York harbor -- where thousands of small boats and dozens of tall ships could be seen parading majestically against the breathtaking backdrop of the soaring twin towers.

一年后，即 1976 年 7 月 4 日，美国二百周年庆典在纽约港达到了令人惊叹的高潮，数千艘小船和数十艘大船在高耸入云的双塔令人惊叹的背景下雄伟地游行。

That same year, a spectacular rooftop restaurant opened for business on the 106th and 107th floors of the north tower.

同年，一家壮观的屋顶餐厅在北塔 106 层和 107 层开业。

"Suddenly I knew," the food critic Gael Greene wrote, "that New York would survive.

“突然间，我知道，”美食评论家盖尔·格林写道，“纽约将会生存下来。

If money and power and ego could create this extraordinary pleasure and instant landmark, money and power and ego could rescue the city from its ashes."

如果金钱、权力和自我能够创造这种非凡的乐趣和即时的里程碑，那么金钱、权力和自我就能将这座城市从废墟中拯救出来。”

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : The observation deck and Windows on the World were the two things, in my judgment, that turned the city of New York from looking at the Trade Center as some monster downtown to something that was theirs.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：在我看来，观景台和世界之窗是两件事，它们使纽约市从将贸易中心视为市中心的怪物变成了他们的东西。

They began to adopt it.

他们开始采用它。

And it was great.

这太棒了。

It was so successful that you had to wait seven months to get a Saturday night reservation there, unless you knew somebody.

它是如此成功，以至于你必须等待七个月才能在那里预订周六晚上的房间，除非你认识某人。

It was incredible.

这太不可思议了。

And we were consistently the highest grossing restaurant in the whole world.

我们一直是全世界收入最高的餐厅。

Robert Stern: , Architect : These kinds of things give a building a human dimension.

罗伯特·斯特恩：建筑师：这些东西赋予建筑物以人性化的维度。

One would hope that the building would have a human dimension in its design.

人们希望这座建筑的设计具有人性化的维度。

That has always been debatable, with the case of the Trade Center.

以贸易中心为例，这一点一直存在争议。

But events did happen that showed that this could be brought into the city and into the life of the city.

但确实发生的事件表明，这可以被带入城市并进入城市的生活。

Another thing about the Trade Center that changed it was the whole changing character of Lower Manhattan.

贸易中心改变它的另一件事是曼哈顿下城的整体变化特征。

People began to live downtown.

人们开始住在市中心。

And they rather liked the Trade Center, the big open space.

他们更喜欢贸易中心，这个宽敞的开放空间。

And then the people living in Tribeca -- also the people living in Battery Park City began to see these buildings as an identifiable landmark in their neighborhoods, in their daily lives.

然后，居住在翠贝卡的人们以及居住在炮台公园城的人们开始将这些建筑视为他们社区和日常生活中的一个可识别的地标。

You know, you could orient yourself.

你知道，你可以调整自己的方向。

You knew where you were in relationship to the Trade Center towers.

您知道自己与贸易中心塔楼的关系。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: Now, as the years went on and we reached the period of the 90s, with the great boom in financial services, financial services businesses needed much more space, and they gradually took over space as the state moved away to other locations, as the Port Authority moved some of its functions out, and so forth.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：现在，随着岁月的流逝，我们进入了 90 年代，随着金融服务业的蓬勃发展，金融服务业需要更多的空间，随着国家搬迁到其他地方、港务局将其部分职能移出等等，它们逐渐占据了空间。

That stuff was rented commercially.

那东西是商业出租的。

Carol Willis: , Historian : The Trade Center took nearly a generation to become truly successful.

卡罗尔·威利斯：历史学家：贸易中心花了近一代人的时间才取得真正的成功。

Through the 1980s, the buildings filled up.

到了 20 世纪 80 年代，建筑物已经挤满了。

In the 1990s, they became truly profitable and gained a kind of credibility in the commercial real estate market that had been predicted at the very beginning but not realized for over 20 years.

到了20世纪90年代，它们才真正实现盈利，并在商业地产市场上获得了一种一开始就被预测但20多年都没有实现的信誉。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : And it turned out fine.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：结果很好。

The Trade Center was self-supporting.

贸易中心是自给自足的。

In fact, when I retired from the Port Authority of New York in 1987, the World Trade Center of New York was making more than $133 million a year, net, net, net.

事实上，当我 1987 年从纽约港务局退休时，纽约世贸中心每年的净收入超过 1.33 亿美元。

So, you know, it worked.

所以，你知道，它起作用了。

And then all those buildings in Lower Manhattan, all the jobs that it created for people.

然后是曼哈顿下城的所有建筑物，以及它为人们创造的所有就业机会。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: Even though we thought of them as a failure, I think now looking back we can see what they did contribute.

历史学家杰克逊：尽管我们认为他们是失败的，但我想现在回过头来看，我们可以看到他们所做的贡献。

First of all, economically, had they not been there in the late 1990s when New York City suddenly boomed practically like no place on the planet, the city needed all 10, 15 million square feet of office space that those buildings provided.

首先，从经济角度来看，如果不是在 20 世纪 90 年代末纽约市突然繁荣起来，几乎是地球上任何一个地方都无法比拟的，那么这座城市就需要这些建筑提供的全部 10、1500 万平方英尺的办公空间。

If they were not there, so many other companies would have had to go elsewhere.

如果他们不在那里，那么许多其他公司将不得不前往其他地方。

So we had that space.

所以我们有那个空间。

And so in a sense, they helped make possible the renaissance of New York in the 1990s.

因此，从某种意义上说，他们帮助纽约在 20 世纪 90 年代实现了复兴。

Niall Ferguson, Historian & Professor of History, New York University: Now, the reality was that these huge office blocks, built for commercial purposes, were becoming more and more centers for world trade and world transactions generally.

纽约大学历史学家兼历史学教授尼尔·弗格森：现在的现实是，这些为商业目的而建造的巨大办公大楼正在成为越来越多的世界贸易和世界交易中心。

So in a way, the World Trade Center became more and more truly a "world trade center" over time, and by the 1990s, perhaps for the first time, really was worthy of that name.

因此，在某种程度上，随着时间的推移，世界贸易中心越来越成为真正的“世界贸易中心”，到了 20 世纪 90 年代，也许是第一次真正配得上这个名字。

And I'm not sure how far Americans, particularly New Yorkers, quite saw that it was a symbol of economic globalization.

我不确定美国人，尤其是纽约人，在多大程度上认为这是经济全球化的象征。

In less than two decades, the cultural and commercial energies unleashed by the forces of globalization had breached political and ideological barriers around the world -- defeating and absorbing many of America's one-time enemies behind the Iron Curtain -- linking the economic fortunes of distant nations as never before -- setting whole populations and cultures on the move -- and sending millions of new immigrants from every corner of the globe flooding into New York City -- in numbers that rivaled, and with a diversity that far exceeded, even that of the great immigration of a century before.

在不到二十年的时间里，全球化力量所释放的文化和商业能量突破了世界各地的政治和意识形态壁垒——击败并吸收了美国在铁幕背后的许多曾经的敌人——以前所未有的方式将遥远国家的经济命运联系在一起——使整个人口和文化不断流动——并将数以百万计的新移民从全球各个角落涌入纽约市——其数量与多样性远远超过了伟大的国家。一个世纪前的移民。

No building in New York, or for that matter, in the world, symbolized those astonishing transformations more dramatically than the World Trade Center itself -- which by the late 1990s had become a microcosm of the new global culture: humming with electronic financial transactions 24 hours a day, and home to a bewilderingly diverse working population, that included Sikh computer programmers, Israeli accountants, Turkish engineers and financial experts from emerging markets in Malaysia, Syria, Uruguay and Ghana.

纽约乃至世界上没有哪座建筑比世贸中心本身更能体现这些惊人的转变——到 20 世纪 90 年代末，世贸中心已成为新的全球文化的缩影：每天 24 小时充满电子金融交易，是令人眼花缭乱的多元化工作人口的家园，其中包括锡克教计算机程序员、以色列会计师、土耳其工程师以及来自马来西亚、叙利亚、乌拉圭和加纳新兴市场的金融专家。

Numbered among the tall towers' window washers were men who hailed from Poland, Yugoslavia, Albania, Turkey and Ireland.

高塔的窗户清洁工中有来自波兰、南斯拉夫、阿尔巴尼亚、土耳其和爱尔兰的人。

The 79 employees at Windows on the World included immigrants from 30 different countries.

世界之窗的 79 名员工包括来自 30 个不同国家的移民。

Niall Ferguson, Historian & Professor of History, New York University: Well, the United States is the economy that seems to inhale more than it exhales.

纽约大学历史学家兼历史学教授尼尔·弗格森：嗯，美国的经济似乎吸入多于呼出。

It inhales capital.

它吸入资本。

It inhales people.

它吸入人。

The huge increase in flows of capital and people into the United States, which characterized the 1980s and 1990s, undoubtedly created a kind of asymmetry.

20世纪80年代和90年代，流入美国的资本和人员大量增加，这无疑造成了一种不对称。

And so although economically the United States was completely integrated into the world economy, politically it was becoming more and more detached from it; the myths which go right back to the very foundation of the United States, about the special providence that exempts the U.S. from the rest of the world's nasty political conflicts.

因此，尽管美国在经济上完全融入了世界经济，但在政治上却越来越脱离世界经济。这些神话可以追溯到美国的建国之初，关于使美国免受世界其他地区恶劣政治冲突影响的特殊天意。

I mean this proves incredibly tenacious, and people are still clinging to this in the 1990s, when it's absolutely clear that the U.S. had never been more connected to the rest of the world.

我的意思是，事实证明，这一点非常顽强，而且在 20 世纪 90 年代，人们仍然坚持这一点，当时很明显，美国与世界其他地区的联系从未如此紧密。

Robert Stern: , Architect : We mustn't forget that the building had already earned its footnote in history as an object of scorn, as a symbol of everything most of us in the United States think what is great about our country, our open free exchange of capitalism and ideas, and our willingness to deal with the world as a overall community.

罗伯特·斯特恩：建筑师：我们绝不能忘记，这座建筑已经在历史上作为一个被蔑视的对象而在历史上留下了脚注，它象征着我们大多数美国人认为我们国家的伟大之处，我们开放自由的资本主义和思想交流，以及我们作为一个整体社区与世界打交道的意愿。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: That failed miserably.

历史学家杰克逊：那次失败得很惨。

It killed six people, which is about as minimal a number as you could think of at the World Trade Center.

它造成六人死亡，这大约是你在世贸中心能想到的最少人数。

But we didn't take that threat seriously enough, I think.

但我认为我们没有足够认真地对待这一威胁。

We took it seriously, but not seriously enough.

我们认真对待它，但还不够认真。

Immense towers now soared high into the air in cities around the world.

如今，世界各地的城市中，巨大的塔楼高耸入云。

Jet planes moved people and goods at high speed across the skies, while global broadcast networks and new digital media sped images and information around the world instantaneously.

喷气式飞机在天空中高速运送人员和货物，而全球广播网络和新数字媒体则在世界各地瞬间传播图像和信息。

Thanks in large part to the astonishing projective power of American commercial culture -- which had now penetrated to every corner of every nation in the world -- the twin towers had become the most familiar structures on the most familiar skyline in the world -- and the ultimate emblem of the forces of globalization, still making their restless way across the globe.

在很大程度上，得益于美国商业文化惊人的投射力——这种文化现在已经渗透到世界上每个国家的每一个角落——双子塔已经成为世界上最熟悉的天际线上最熟悉的建筑——也是全球化力量的终极象征，仍在全球范围内奔腾不息。

New York itself, meanwhile -- having reaffirmed its status as the city at the center of the world -- had emerged as one of the most strangely paradoxical cities on earth -- at once bewilderingly diverse and cosmopolitan -- and yet, as its own citizens often freely acknowledged, strikingly insular and inward-looking.

与此同时，纽约本身——在重申其作为世界中心城市的地位——已经成为地球上最奇怪的自相矛盾的城市之一——既令人眼花缭乱地多元化又国际化——然而，正如它自己的公民经常坦率地承认的那样，它又显得极其孤立和内向。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: I don't think cosmopolitanism is something that we define only in terms of connections and awareness.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：我不认为世界主义是我们仅根据联系和意识来定义的东西。

We like to.

我们喜欢。

In its better guise, it is about awareness and sophistication and connection and knowing what the world is.

从更好的角度来看，它是关于意识、复杂性、联系以及了解世界是什么。

But Cosmopolitanism can sometimes also mean a degree of self-absorption that blinds you to things outside.

但世界主义有时也意味着一定程度的自我陶醉，让你对外界的事物视而不见。

And maybe we've just been spending too much time, you know, staring at ourselves and thinking that the world begins at the Hudson River and ends at the East River, and there isn't anything else.

也许我们只是花了太多时间，你知道，盯着自己，认为世界始于哈德逊河，终于东河，除此之外别无他物。

Cosmopolitan people are also often people who have substantial powers of denial.

世界主义者也常常具有强大的否认能力。

Maybe we just didn't want to see what we didn't want to see.

也许我们只是不想看到我们不想看到的东西。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: Well, I think one of the sad things to me is to remember the enormous human effort that went into building those buildings, the gigantic endeavor, the thousands of construction workers, the millions and millions of man hours and effort, and how quickly it could all be torn down.

历史学家杰克逊：嗯，我认为对我来说最悲伤的事情之一就是记住建造这些建筑物所付出的巨大人力，巨大的努力，成千上万的建筑工人，数以百万计的工时和精力，以及它们会以多快的速度被拆除。

The fact that just this physical creation, you know, could be destroyed that took years and years and years to do, to conceive, to plan, to execute.

事实上，你知道，这个物理创造物可能会被摧毁，它需要花费很多年的时间来构思、计划和执行。

I guess, again, it's like us, you know.

我想，这就像我们一样，你知道。

We're, it takes us a lifetime to create the person we are and can be wiped out in a single mistake or accident.

我们需要一生的时间才能创造出现在的自己，并且可能会因一个错误或事故而被毁掉。

And so it is with cities and buildings.

城市和建筑物也是如此。

William Langewiesche: , Journalist : I think it's precisely like death.

William Langewiesche：记者：我认为这就像死亡一样。

I mean, death of someone you know or someone you love.

我的意思是，你认识的人或你爱的人的死亡。

I don't know how many people loved those buildings, but certainly a lot of people knew them.

我不知道有多少人喜欢这些建筑，但肯定有很多人知道它们。

And then they were gone.

然后他们就走了。

I mean, how can it be that something that extreme can happen so quickly and so irreversibly?

我的意思是，如此极端的事情怎么会发生得如此之快、如此不可逆转？

Can't we just kind of reel that backward a little bit?

我们就不能稍微向后滚动一点吗？

No, we can't.

不，我们不能。

We can't do it any more with those buildings than with death, and I think the emotional reaction is very similar.

我们对这些建筑物的处理方式就像对死亡一样，我认为情感反应非常相似。

This was a public death.

这是一起公众死亡事件。

Pete Hamill, Writer: In my years in New York, there's obviously nothing like it, nothing comes close.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：在我在纽约的这些年里，显然没有什么能比得上它，没有什么可以与之相媲美。

As a newspaper man, I've seen other horrors, wars, and the earthquake in Mexico in '85, which killed 20,000 people.

作为一名新闻工作者，我见过其他恐怖、战争和 85 年墨西哥发生的地震，那次地震导致 20,000 人死亡。

But that was an act of nature, not of man.

但这是自然行为，而不是人为行为。

The combination of the death, the spectacular event of the two skyscrapers collapsing, and the motivations behind it all those things, I think, made this something that just struck a knife right into the heart of every New Yorker, knowing that we'd never be able to look at our city the same way again.

我认为，死亡事件、两座摩天大楼倒塌的壮观事件，以及所有这些事情背后的动机，让这一切成为了每个纽约人心中的一把刀，他们知道我们再也不能以同样的方式看待我们的城市了。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: First of all, it's a surprise, on a beautiful day, at the center of this powerful nation, which has not been attacked on its own shores or its own land by a foreign power in almost 200 years.

历史学家杰克逊：首先，在一个美好的日子，在这个强大国家的中心，这是一个惊喜，这个国家的海岸或土地已经近 200 年来没有受到过外国势力的攻击。

So that's a new thing.

所以这是一个新事物。

Secondly the public focus on this.

其次，公众对此的关注度。

Never in the history of the world has there been anything even close -- there's not really a second place.

在世界历史上，从来没有任何一个地方能够接近——没有真正的第二名。

The second place would probably be the assassination of President Kennedy you know, a world event where the world is focused on that story -- but nothing like this, where it's seen instantaneously as it happens by tens of millions of people around the globe.

第二名可能是肯尼迪总统被刺杀，这是一个世界性的事件，全世界都在关注这个故事——但没有什么比这更重要的了，当它发生时，全球数以千万计的人都会立即看到它。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: We were utterly struck by the fact that nothing here fit with any prior experience.

Paul Goldberger，建筑评论家：我们对这里没有任何东西与之前的经验相符这一事实感到非常震惊。

Of course people were talking about how it looked like something in a disaster movie.

当然，人们都在谈论它看起来像灾难电影中的东西。

We could only think in terms of life imitating art, because we had no other thing to compare it to.

我们只能用生活模仿艺术来思考，因为我们没有其他东西可以与之比较。

So people went to the movies and compared it.

于是人们去看电影并进行比较。

Everything about its trajectory was wrong.

关于它的轨迹的一切都是错误的。

Heading south along an airway normally reserved for northbound traffic, it was moving much too fast and much too close to the ground -- nearly 500 miles per hour, at an altitude of just 900 feet -- more than twice the speed permitted for aircraft that low.

它沿着通常为北行交通保留的航线向南飞行，速度太快，离地面太近——每小时近 500 英里，高度仅 900 英尺——是那么低的飞机允许速度的两倍多。

It took less than 90 seconds for American Airlines Flight 11 to hurtle the entire length of Manhattan Island.

美国航空 11 号航班仅用了不到 90 秒就飞越了整个曼哈顿岛。

A little after 8:46 a.m., the huge 137-ton Boeing 767 aircraft -- measuring more than half a football field in length from wingtip to wingtip, and carrying more than 9,000 gallons of highly inflammable jet fuel -- flashed across the final 20 blocks from Canal Street to the World Trade Center, and tore through the north wall of the north tower between the 94th and 98th floors -- instantly killing everyone on board, and wreaking incomprehensible carnage across five full floors of the building.

上午 8 点 46 分左右，这架重达 137 吨的巨大波音 767 飞机——从翼尖到翼尖的长度超过半个足球场，载有超过 9,000 加仑高度易燃的喷气燃料——飞快地穿过从运河街到世贸中心的最后 20 个街区，并撕裂了北塔 94 层和 98 层之间的北墙——立即杀死了机上所有人，在建筑物的五层楼中造成了难以理解的屠杀。

Witnesses on the upper floors of the south tower were stunned to see a wall of flame burst through the south windows of Tower One 130 feet away -- followed by a shower of disintegrating desks, files, furniture, computer terminals, airplane parts and burning bodies.

南塔楼上层的目击者惊愕地看到，一堵火墙从 130 英尺外的一号塔南窗冲破，随之而来的是解体的桌子、文件、家具、电脑终端、飞机零部件和燃烧的尸体。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: If you were just below where the plane hit, your ceilings fell, you saw the glint of the plane going overhead.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，《纽约时报》记者：如果你就在飞机撞击地点的下方，你的天花板掉下来，你会看到飞机从头顶飞过的闪光。

There's an overwhelming feeling of terror.

有一种莫名的恐惧感。

And you were probably knocked off your feet.

你可能会被打倒。

And of course, if you were in the zone itself, you may have died instantly.

当然，如果你在该区域本身，你可能会立即死亡。

But even very close -- and this is very tragic -- very close to the regions of impact there were people who lived for long minutes as they sought refuge from, you know, the building flames, the tremendous heat.

但即使是非常接近——这是非常悲惨的——非常接近撞击区域，也有人在寻求避难的地方生活了很长时间，你知道，建筑物的火焰和巨大的热量。

A couple of them even were able to phone.

他们中的一些人甚至能够打电话。

And then often in that region their lives ended quickly in the fire, or they chose to leap from the tower.

然后，在那个地区，他们的生命往往很快就在火灾中结束，或者他们选择从塔楼跳下。

William Langewiesche, Journalist: That airplane straddled several floors.

William Langewiesche，记者：那架飞机横跨几层楼。

And it delivered a hell of a punch.

它打出了一记重拳。

The building swayed.

大楼摇晃起来。

We know that when that punch was delivered, the swaying took the form of waves that ran vertically up and down the building multiple times, sort of echoing up and down the building.

我们知道，当那一拳打出时，摇摆以波浪的形式在建筑物上垂直上下多次移动，有点在建筑物上上下回响。

And really the incredible thing is, considering the speed with which those airplanes were flying -- enormous weight, enormous speed -- rather than decapitating the buildings or pushing them over the buildings absorbed the impact entirely.

真正令人难以置信的是，考虑到这些飞机的飞行速度——巨大的重量、巨大的速度——而不是摧毁建筑物或将它们推过建筑物，完全吸收了冲击力。

They took the hit and they stood.

他们承受了打击，站了起来。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : I was heading for the Holland Tunnel, which has a four-block concourse if you want to call it, leading to the tollbooth.

盖伊·托佐利（Guy Tozzoli）：世界贸易中心协会主席：我正前往荷兰隧道，如果你想称呼它的话，它有一个四个街区的大厅，通向收费站。

And as I turned into the first of those four blocks and I looked up.

当我转入这四个街区中的第一个街区时，我抬起头来。

I said, "Oh my God." There was a hole in tower Number One.

我说：“天哪。”一号塔上有一个洞。

And my first thought was, "It can't be a helicopter.

我的第一个想法是：“这不可能是直升机。

The hole's too big." And the second was, "My God, it can't be a commercial plane, because they're instructed to fly into the river if they have problems." I knew that.

洞太大了。”第二个是，“天哪，这不可能是一架商用飞机，因为他们被指示如果出现问题就飞入河中。”我知道这一点。

At 9:02 a.m.

上午 9:02

-- little more than 15 minutes after the attack -- millions of people in the metropolitan region, and tens of millions more across the country and around the world -- were staring intently at the smoldering skyline of Lower Manhattan -- when a dark shape appeared on the horizon above the New Jersey lowlands, and came hurtling across the upper bay.

袭击发生后不到 15 分钟，大都市地区的数百万人，以及全国各地和世界各地的数千万人，正聚精会神地注视着曼哈顿下城阴燃的天际线，这时新泽西低地上方的地平线上出现了一个黑色的身影，并飞速穿过上海湾。

Guy Tozzoli: , President, World Trade Center Association : I got out of my car.

Guy Tozzoli：世界贸易中心协会主席：我下了车。

Other people did.

其他人也这么做了。

And suddenly I saw plane number two coming from the south, over the Statue of Liberty, going very fast.

突然我看到二号飞机从南方飞来，飞过自由女神像，速度非常快。

They say between 500 and 600 miles an hour.

他们说每小时 500 到 600 英里。

And I saw it smash into the south wall of Number Two, an oblique angle.

我看到它以斜角撞到了二号的南墙上。

And I saw this big ball of flame.

我看到了这个巨大的火球。

And the nose came out on the north side and then the east side.

鼻子先是从北边出来，然后是东边。

And my first reaction: "My God, those poor people above, because they're going to wipe out all the staircases and all the sprinkler systems." That airplane just went-- sliced right through it.

我的第一反应是：“天哪，上面那些可怜的人，因为他们要毁掉所有的楼梯和所有的喷水灭火系统。”那架飞机刚刚飞过——直接穿过了它。

And the power of such a big plane at that speed.

还有这么大的飞机在那样的速度下的威力。

And for a moment, incredible sadness for the people there.

一时间，那里的人们感到难以置信的悲伤。

And then incredible anger, feeling that somebody had deliberately, deliberately rammed into those towers, and those poor innocent people that were in there.

然后是难以置信的愤怒，感觉有人故意、故意冲进那些塔楼，以及里面那些可怜的无辜人民。

Pete Hamill, Writer: I was at the Tweed Courthouse on Chambers Street, right behind City Hall and I grabbed a notebook and ran to the street in time to see the second one hit and knew right away, obviously, it was terrorism.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：我当时在钱伯斯街的特威德法院，就在市政厅后面，我抓起一个笔记本跑到街上，及时看到第二个袭击，我立刻就知道，显然，这是恐怖主义。

This amazing fireball that came roaring towards Broadway, and people on the street corner just going, "Oh, shit.

这个惊人的火球呼啸着冲向百老汇，街角的人们会说：“哦，该死。

Oh, shit.

哦，妈的。

Oh, shit." That expression must have been uttered like 10 million times that day just astonishment at what they were looking at.

哦，妈的。”那天，这种表情肯定被说过一千万次，只是因为他们对所看到的东西感到惊讶。

William Langewiesche: , Journalist : We know that when the airplanes hit there was an instantaneous release of energy in the form of fuel, vaporized, that caught on fire.

William Langewiesche：记者：我们知道，当飞机撞击时，会立即以燃料的形式释放能量，蒸发并着火。

There was fire instantaneously across multiple floors.

多个楼层立即起火。

That fire, which was a kerosene fire, a jet fuel fire, burned very hot, but it also burned very fast we're talking three to five minutes.

那场火是煤油火、喷气燃料火，烧得很热，但也烧得很快，我们说的是三到五分钟。

But what it did is it ignited a simultaneous office fire in both cases, across multiple floors -- an office fire the like of which had not been imagined before.

但它的作用是在两起案件中同时引发了跨越多个楼层的办公室火灾——这样的办公室火灾是以前从未想象过的。

In all cases, an office fire is many things burning -- partitions, carpets in particular, computer cases -- but paper.

在所有情况下，办公室火灾都是烧毁许多东西——隔板、地毯，尤其是电脑机箱——但纸张除外。

Mostly paper.

主要是纸。

And if you look at the dynamics of the collapse, what you find is that in both cases it was the paper fire that was sustained long enough, because of the amount of paper in there, to cause the steel to weaken, to cause the collapse and the hammering down in both cases.

如果你观察倒塌的动态，你会发现，在这两种情况下，都是纸火持续了足够长的时间，因为里面的纸量很大，导致钢材变弱，导致倒塌和锤击。

I mean, paper on that day was a constant presence.

我的意思是，那天纸一直存在。

It rained down on the city, as if in mockery of the kind of business that was done at the Trade Center.

大雨倾盆而下，仿佛是对贸易中心的生意的嘲讽。

"Here, have some of the paper." And it burned, and it brought the buildings down.

“给你一些纸。”它燃烧了，建筑物倒塌了。

By then, the first teams of firemen and rescue workers had already arrived at the foot of the north tower -- where they were greeted by a scene of horror and devastation that defied the imagination.

此时，第一批消防队员和救援人员已经抵达北塔脚下，迎接他们的是超乎想象的恐怖和破坏场景。

On the Austin Tobin Plaza, there were corpses everywhere -- the mangled bodies of men and women who had already jumped or fallen from the upper floors of the building, and the charred remains of passengers from Flight 11, some still belted into their seats.

奥斯汀·托宾广场上，到处都是尸体——从大楼上层跳下或摔下来的男人和女人的血肉模糊的尸体，还有11号航班乘客烧焦的遗体，其中一些人还系着安全带。

Far above, meanwhile, in the upper reaches of the towers themselves, the gaping black holes where the planes had gone in marked a stark dividing line between life and death.

与此同时，在高空塔楼的上游，飞机所在的黑洞洞标志着生与死之间的鲜明分界线。

Eric Lipton, New York Times Reporter: In the north tower, the plane struck at the center.

埃里克·利普顿（Eric Lipton），《纽约时报》记者：飞机撞向北塔中心。

And it also struck much higher up.

而且它的涨幅也更高。

And because it struck at the center, the fuel immediately went down the shafts and created a much broader fire.

由于它击中了中心，燃料立即沿着竖井流下并产生更广泛的火灾。

The flames were much more intense.

火焰更加猛烈。

The number of floors that were available to move up and down were many fewer.

可供上下移动的楼层少了很多。

So what happened was people were breaking windows in the north tower, desperate to get air, and there was no place to go, because there were no stairwells that were open up and down.

所以发生的事情是，人们打破了北塔的窗户，迫切需要呼吸空气，但他们无处可去，因为没有上下开放的楼梯间。

People were stacked four or five on top of each other at the broken windows, desperate to breathe.

人们四五个人挤在破碎的窗户旁，拼命呼吸。

And other people were hanging on to each other across the steel columns, from window to window, hanging out of the windows, desperate to breathe, and just, you know, grasping each other to keep hold of the building.

其他人则通过钢柱互相抓住，从一扇窗户到另一扇窗户，悬在窗外，拼命呼吸，只是，你知道，互相抓住对方以保持住建筑物。

James Glanz, New York Times Reporter: One of the most horrific scenes in the history of the nation took place a thousand feet above Lower Manhattan, and it took the lives of people who were staring down at safety, you know, at the most populous city in the nation, civilization at its peak.

詹姆斯·格兰茨，纽约时报记者：美国历史上最可怕的场景之一发生在曼哈顿下城上空一千英尺的地方，它夺去了那些低头看着安全的人们的生命，你知道，在这个国家人口最多的城市，文明正处于巅峰。

But they didn't have any way to get there.

但他们没有任何办法到达那里。

And there's really few words to describe how terrible that must have been.

真的没有什么言语可以形容那是多么可怕。

Camilo Jose Vergara: , Photographer : You usually can gauge things, you know, within a few minutes, you know, so that they may start getting worse, but at one time you say, "Well, this is what they are." But this was something that started getting worse and worse and worse and worse and worse and worse.

卡米洛·何塞·维加拉（Camilo Jose Vergara）：摄影师：你通常可以在几分钟内衡量事情，你知道，这样它们可能会开始变得更糟，但有一次你会说，“好吧，这就是它们的本质。”但这件事开始变得越来越糟、越来越糟、越来越糟、越来越糟。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: What struck me at the time, I think, as the most significant part of that was when they came on and said that the Federal Aviation Administration had ordered all air traffic in the United States to be grounded.

历史学家杰克逊：我认为，当时令我印象深刻的是，其中最重要的部分是当他们出现并表示联邦航空管理局已下令美国所有空中交通停飞时。

I knew that had never happened before.

我知道这以前从未发生过。

You know, there are tens of thousands of planes in the United States at any one time.

要知道，美国境内任何时候都有数万架飞机。

And to say, they have to land now.

并说，他们现在必须着陆。

What hit me was that this is really beyond whatever I had thought.

让我震惊的是，这真的超出了我的想象。

High up in both towers, the raging fires were now generating three to five times the heat of a nuclear power plant, and the interior temperature had soared in places to nearly 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.

两座塔楼的高处，熊熊大火现在产生的热量是核电站的三到五倍，部分地方的内部温度飙升至近 2,000 华氏度。

At 9:58 a.m.

上午 9 点 58 分

-- having withstood the ferocious heat of the inferno within for nearly an hour -- the steel floor trusses on the 80th floor of the south tower itself began to give way, columns along the east wall began to buckle outwards, and the entire tower began to come down.

——在承受了近一个小时的地狱般的酷热后，南塔第80层的钢楼板桁架开始垮塌，东墙的柱子开始向外弯曲，整个塔楼开始倒塌。

As the quarter mile tall structure dissolved into a massive shroud of smoke and dust, thousands of people in the surrounding streets began to cry out in horror and disbelief, then ran for their lives, pursued by an enormous billowing cloud of dust and debris.

当这座四分之一英里高的建筑化为巨大的烟雾和灰尘时，周围街道上的数千人开始惊恐和难以置信地喊叫，然后在巨大的滚滚灰尘和碎片云的追赶下逃命。

Pete Hamill, Writer: It never occurred to me that these two buildings would come down.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：我从来没有想到这两座建筑会倒塌。

So that when they did, it was the most shocking moment maybe that I ever had, that the south tower began to tip forward, and then righted itself and came down in what in memory seems like a slow motion moment but happened in 10 seconds, 10 seconds, it's a knockout in boxing.

所以当他们这样做的时候，这可能是我经历过的最令人震惊的时刻，南塔开始向前倾斜，然后自行恢复平衡并倒下，在记忆中似乎是一个慢动作的时刻，但发生在10秒内，10秒内，这是拳击比赛中的击倒。

The whole thing came down.

整个事情就这样结束了。

It was just, to me, still it's a staggering moment in New York, in any history, in world history, for a place that had never had anything like that happen to it ever before.

对我来说，这对纽约来说仍然是一个令人震惊的时刻，在任何历史上，在世界历史上，对于一个以前从未发生过类似事情的地方来说。

The Empire State Building didn't come down.

帝国大厦没有倒塌。

You couldn't -- '93, the 4,000 bomb, pound bomb goes off in the basement, doesn't come down.

你不能——93 年，4000 磅炸弹在地下室爆炸，却没有落下来。

This time it came down.

这次它下来了。

This time they figured it out.

这次他们想通了。

And I thought, "Oh, man, something new has happened here."

我想，“哦，伙计，这里发生了一些新的事情。”

William Langewiesche: , Journalist : And there was a release of heat that was off the scale.

William Langewiesche：记者：并且释放出超出范围的热量。

Fires ignited.

大火被点燃。

Crushing and tearing was going on.

挤压和撕裂正在发生。

And chaos, mostly just chaos on some mathematical level was happening.

混乱，大部分只是某种数学层面上的混乱正在发生。

You can't even describe it physically because it was too big, too chaotic.

你甚至无法从物理上描述它，因为它太大了，太混乱了。

It was a cataclysmic release and it released back into the city in 10 seconds, in each case.

这是一次灾难性的释放，每次都在 10 秒内释放回城市。

The surprising thing to me has always been how concentrated it was they came straight down, as if they were aimed directly at their foundations and of course anything that was directly underneath, no longer existed afterward.

让我惊讶的是，它们直直落下来的程度是多么集中，就好像它们直接瞄准了它们的地基一样，当然，直接在下面的任何东西，之后就不再存在了。

The so-called bathtub that ran six floors underground below street, and absorbed the brunt of the energy.

所谓的浴缸位于街道以下的地下六层，吸收了首当其冲的能量。

Inside that bathtub, during those twin 10-second pulses, what was really happening, nobody can even imagine.

在那个浴缸里，在这两个 10 秒脉冲期间，到底发生了什么，没人能想象。

We know what the results were.

我们知道结果是什么。

The results were, we were grappling with results inside that hole for the following nine months.

结果是，我们在接下来的九个月里一直在努力解决这个问题。

We're in a sense probably will be grappling with the results for years to come.

从某种意义上说，我们可能会在未来几年内努力应对结果。

Philippe Petit, High Wire Artist: I was upstate New York when I heard of the towers being destroyed.

Philippe Petit，高空钢丝艺术家：当我听说双塔被毁时，我正在纽约州北部。

A side of me was not believing it.

我的一方面不相信。

It was a very strange blend of feelings.

这是一种非常奇怪的感觉。

One was the sorrow, the horror at witnessing human life being obliterated for no reason like that.

一是目睹人类生命无缘无故被抹杀的悲伤和恐惧。

And I felt something beyond words.

我感受到了某种无法言喻的感觉。

I felt almost an alive part of me being squeezed to nothing, being extracted, an evisceration almost.

我感觉自己的生命部分几乎被挤压殆尽，被抽离，几乎被掏空。

It's an interesting question, when you saw those two giant towers collapse almost cleanly on themself: Where did they go?

这是一个有趣的问题，当你看到这两座巨大的塔楼几乎干净地倒塌时：它们去了哪里？

I have read in some architecture article that they were made mostly of air -- if you consider the space between the solid molecules, the steel, the concrete, the glass, the aluminum -- there was a lot of air.

我在一些建筑文章中读到，它们主要由空气组成——如果你考虑固体分子、钢、混凝土、玻璃、铝之间的空间——就会有很多空气。

Was mostly air, actually.

实际上，主要是空气。

And they disappeared.

然后他们就消失了。

It was.

是的。

"Where did they go" was part of the disbelief that I was feeling.

“他们去哪儿了”是我感到难以置信的一部分。

Because how you can make 200,000 tons of steel disappear?

因为怎样才能让20万吨钢材消失呢？

It's unbelievable.

真是难以置信。

The immense columns of rubble and dust drifting away from ground zero could be clearly seen from outer space.

从外太空可以清楚地看到从归零地飘走的巨大瓦砾和尘埃柱。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: I have to tell you, I didn't know whether the buildings were empty or whether there were tens of thousands of people in them.

莱斯利·罗伯逊，工程师：我必须告诉你，我不知道这些建筑物是否是空的，也不知道里面是否有数万人。

I just had no idea.

我只是不知道。

And I was totally devastated by the fact that all those people were in there and this building that I had designed was perhaps falling on them.

所有这些人都在那里，而我设计的这座建筑可能会倒在他们身上，这一事实让我彻底崩溃了。

The buildings were not so important to me.

这些建筑物对我来说并不那么重要。

I'm good at buildings, but people are another matter.

我擅长建筑，但人却是另一回事。

It was a terrible event.

这是一个可怕的事件。

Absolutely terrible.

绝对可怕。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: I don't think you can measure the impact.

Ada Louise Huxtable，建筑评论家：我认为你无法衡量其影响。

It's absolutely enormous.

这绝对是巨大的。

Everybody felt it.

每个人都感觉到了。

But, of course, those who felt it most and will never get over the effects are those who lost people.

但是，当然，那些感受最深并且永远无法克服影响的人是那些失去亲人的人。

And the sheer numbers are so appalling, and the horror of the attack is so appalling that in one sense, New York will never be the same.

纯粹的数字是如此令人震惊，袭击的恐怖如此令人震惊，从某种意义上说，纽约将永远不会一样。

By 11 o'clock, hundreds of thousands of dazed and disheveled office workers, many covered in ashes and dust, could be seen marching north from the financial district, straggling uptown along the West Side Highway or heading over the bridges to Brooklyn.

到了 11 点，可以看到数十万头晕目眩、衣衫不整的上班族，其中许多人浑身是灰和灰尘，从金融区向北行进，沿着西区高速公路零散地走在住宅区，或者穿过桥梁前往布鲁克林。

Down at the site itself, hundreds of firemen and rescue workers groped their way across a surreal landscape of smoke and flames at the edge of an immense, seven-story pile of tangled steel and debris, searching desperately for any signs of life.

在现场，数百名消防员和救援人员在七层楼高的巨大钢铁和废墟堆的边缘摸索着穿过烟雾和火焰的超现实景观，拼命寻找任何生命迹象。

All day, doctors and nurses in emergency rooms around the city braced for the anticipated onslaught of injured survivors -- that never came.

一整天，全市急诊室的医生和护士都做好了准备，应对预期中受伤幸存者的袭击，但这种情况并没有发生。

"Those who got out got out," one nurse later said.

“那些出去的人都出去了，”一名护士后来说。

"Those who didn't, died."

“那些没有这么做的人，都死了。”

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: The story of all the fire fighters is dramatic.

历史学家杰克逊：所有消防员的故事都是戏剧性的。

What struck me about Rescue Two in Brooklyn is that even though a little fire house set out kind of in the middle of the Brooklyn borough, they were at the World Trade Center when the second plane hit.

布鲁克林的第二次救援让我印象深刻的是，尽管布鲁克林区中部有一个小消防站，但当第二架飞机坠毁时，他们正在世贸中心。

And since that's only about 16 minutes, they had to take, you know, must take a minute or two for the alarm to go out, it's got to take you another minute or something to get your shoes on and to get on the truck.

由于只有大约 16 分钟，他们必须花一两分钟才能让警报响起，你必须再花一分钟或其他时间才能穿上鞋子并上卡车。

And then to go through Brooklyn at rush hour, in the morning, and go through the Brooklyn Battery Tunnel and be at the World Trade Center in 12 minutes, by the way, where they all died, is an incredible story.

然后早上高峰时段穿过布鲁克林，穿过布鲁克林炮台隧道，12 分钟内到达世贸中心，顺便说一句，他们都死在那里，这是一个令人难以置信的故事。

William Langewiesche: , Journalist : One of the surprising things, you could call it almost a sad poetic justice, is that the only buildings that were completely destroyed by this collapse were the buildings that carried the Trade Center label, buildings One through Seven.

William Langewiesche：记者：令人惊讶的事情之一，你几乎可以称之为悲伤的诗意正义，是唯一被这次倒塌彻底摧毁的建筑是带有贸易中心标签的建筑，从一号楼到七号楼。

No other buildings, with the exception of the small Orthodox church there that dissolved, were destroyed.

除了解散的小型东正教教堂外，没有其他建筑物被摧毁。

And every building that carried the label, died.

每一座带有这个标签的建筑都死了。

Across the city, friends and family members of those thought to have been in the towers continued to roam the streets, or make the rounds of hospital emergency rooms, anxiously looking for loved ones who had not come home.

在整个城市，那些被认为在双塔中的人的朋友和家人继续在街上闲逛，或者在医院急诊室巡视，焦急地寻找尚未回家的亲人。

When asked on television about the future of his city, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani replied without hesitation.

当电视上被问及这座城市的未来时，市长鲁道夫·朱利安尼毫不犹豫地回答道。

"We're going to rebuild," he said.

“我们要重建，”他说。

"We are going to come out of this emotionally stronger, politically stronger, much closer together as a city, and we're to come out of this economically stronger, too.

“我们将在情感上、政治上更加强大，作为一个城市更加紧密地团结在一起，在经济上也将更加强大。

The people of New York City will be whole again."

纽约市的人民将再次完整。”

Pete Hamill, Writer: The day itself was a horror, and yet that day itself, when, you know, the president couldn't be found, there was the mayor down at the site helping solve the way to think about it.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：这一天本身就是一场恐怖，然而那天，当你知道，找不到总统时，市长在现场帮助解决了思考问题的问题。

When he was asked about how many casualties there would be, he said, "More than any of us can bear." That was the most important sentence by a public figure, because it put sorrow into the story, not just empty rage, not just, let's go kill somebody back, which a lot of people felt, including me.

当被问及会有多少人伤亡时，他说：“超出我们任何人所能承受的范围。”这是公众人物最重要的一句话，因为它将悲伤融入到故事中，而不仅仅是空洞的愤怒，不仅仅是，我们去杀掉某人吧，很多人都有这种感觉，包括我。

But he created a note there that said, "Wait a minute, we have to think about this as humans and what it did to human beings."

但他在那里写了一张纸条，上面写着：“等一下，我们必须以人类的角度来思考这个问题，以及它对人类造成的影响。”

In the weeks and months to come, the number would steadily dwindle, until the final confirmed toll of those who died in the attack on the World Trade Center stood at 2,792 men, women and children -- including the 156 passengers and crew on board the two doomed aircraft.

在接下来的几周和几个月里，这一数字将稳步减少，直到最终确认世贸中心袭击事件中的死亡人数为 2,792 名男女和儿童，其中包括两架失事飞机上的 156 名乘客和机组人员。

In the end, it had been the second deadliest day in American history -- surpassing the casualties of Pearl Harbor, D-Day, and all the battles of the Civil War, accept Antietam.

最终，这是美国历史上伤亡第二惨重的一天——超过了珍珠港事件、诺曼底登陆以及内战中的所有战役（接受安提特姆的话）。

Included in the overall total was one particularly staggering figure.

总数中包括一个特别惊人的数字。

Three hundred fourty three members of the New York Fire Department had lost their lives that day, including much of the department's top leadership.

那天，纽约消防局有 343 名成员丧生，其中包括该部门的大部分高层领导。

No fire department in history had ever suffered anything remotely like it.

历史上还没有哪个消防部门遭受过类似的灾难。

Mario Cuomo, Governor, 1983-1994: We lost all those firemen.

马里奥·科莫 (Mario Cuomo)，1983-1994 年州长：我们失去了所有消防员。

We lost police.

我们失去了警察。

We had this fantastic contradiction of people who hated you so much that they were willing to give up your life to take yours, and people who loved humanity so much that they were willing to run into the darn building, in the smoke and flame and -- just to save the life of somebody they never met.

我们有这样一种奇妙的矛盾：人们如此憎恨你，以至于他们愿意放弃你的生命来夺走你的生命；而人们又如此热爱人性，以至于他们愿意在烟雾和火焰中冲进那该死的建筑——只是为了拯救一个他们从未见过的人的生命。

And that's ineffably beautiful.

那是难以言喻的美丽。

There's no better definition of "love." There's no more inspirational, no more inspiring, no more near to saintly conduct that you can think of, than what they demonstrated.

对于“爱”，没有更好的定义。你能想到的没有比他们所表现出的更鼓舞人心、更鼓舞人心、更接近圣洁的行为了。

Kenneth T.

肯尼思·T.

Jackson, Historian: But I'll never forget where I was, and I'll never forget that day, and I remember taking a bus home at night at about 11:30 at Amsterdam and 116th Street and how quiet the street was.

历史学家杰克逊：但我永远不会忘记我在哪里，我永远不会忘记那天，我记得晚上 11:30 左右在阿姆斯特丹和 116 街乘公共汽车回家，街道是多么安静。

There was an eerie silence like nothing I'd seen in more than 30 years of working there.

周围一片诡异的寂静，这是我在那里工作三十多年以来从未见过的。

And I remember a huge truck coming south on Amsterdam with a yellow flashing light.

我记得一辆巨大的卡车在阿姆斯特丹向南行驶，闪烁着黄色的灯光。

And as it moved pass, you could see it was a giant truck carrying earth moving equipment obviously heading for the World Trade Center site.

当它驶过时，你可以看到这是一辆载有土方设备的巨型卡车，显然是驶向世贸中心。

And then I remember when the bus came that there was a sign around the little box there that said, no fare today.

然后我记得当公共汽车来的时候，那里的小盒子周围有一个牌子，上面写着，今天不票价。

And I remember sitting on the bus, sitting opposite a young woman who was just crying.

我记得坐在公共汽车上，对面坐着一个正在哭泣的年轻女子。

And I remember when I got off the bus at 83rd St. she was still crying.

我记得当我在 83 街下车时，她还在哭。

I remember just putting my hand on her shoulder.

我记得我只是把手放在她的肩膀上。

And I said nothing.

我什么也没说。

And she said nothing.

她什么也没说。

And I got off.

我下了车。

But I'll always remember that woman.

但我会永远记住那个女人。

Pete Hamill, Writer: I went back that first night in the middle of this ghastly scene, where you could still see the fires burning at the end of the street.

皮特·哈米尔（Pete Hamill），作家：我回去的第一天晚上，就在这个可怕的场景中，你仍然可以看到街道尽头熊熊燃烧的大火。

Everything was dark with these huge buildings all black silhouetted against black and as the the first lights began to get hooked up, and they're sort of crude halogen lamps in come a lot of these cars from different places.

一切都是黑暗的，这些巨大的建筑全黑，映衬着黑色，当第一盏灯开始亮起时，它们是来自不同地方的许多汽车的粗糙卤素灯。

And for the first time you began to see the iron workers, the hard hats, showing up with their tools, with their hats, and saying, "We cut steel.

你第一次开始看到钢铁工人，戴着安全帽，带着他们的工具和帽子出现，并说：“我们切割钢铁。

You're going to need us." And I knew that night that we we're going to be alright.

你会需要我们的。”那天晚上我就知道我们会没事的。

This was like some moment in the blitz where citizens came out and began to dig the rubble.

这就像闪电战中的某个时刻，公民出来并开始挖掘瓦砾。

And these guys knew what to do.

这些人知道该怎么做。

They were professionals.

他们是专业人士。

Some of them, I'm sure, that showed up in the next couple of days had helped put the towers up.

我确信，他们中的一些人在接下来的几天里出现，帮助建造了塔楼。

And they had lived long enough now to see them come down.

现在他们已经活得够久了，可以看到他们倒下。

They knew how they were put together, and they were going to help de-construct the rubble.

他们知道它们是如何组装在一起的，他们将帮助拆除废墟。

One financial firm in the north tower, Cantor Fitzgerald, had lost nearly 700 people.

北塔的一家金融公司 Cantor Fitzgerald 已失去近 700 名员工。

The Port Authority -- which had built the vast complex, and whose offices had occupied 18 floors in Tower One, had lost 84 people, including its own director.

港务局——建造了这座庞大的建筑群，其办公室占据一号塔的 18 层，已经失去了 84 名员工，其中包括自己的董事。

William Langewiesche: , Journalist : We know that many Port Authority people were killed.

William Langewiesche：，记者：我们知道许多港务局人员被杀。

We know that the entire headquarters was wiped out.

我们知道整个总部都被摧毁了。

This was for the people within the Port Authority a blow of unbelievable dimensions, psychologically.

这对于港务局内部的人来说，在心理上是一个令人难以置信的打击。

Kenneth Holden, Commissioner Dept.

肯尼思·霍尔顿 (Kenneth Holden)，专员部

of Design and Construction: It was overwhelming.

设计和施工：这是压倒性的。

I mean, it was, it was really overwhelming.

我的意思是，这真的是压倒性的。

No one, you know, we build libraries, I build, you know, $40 million sewer, water main, road projects.

没有人，你知道，我们建造图书馆，我建造，你知道，价值 4000 万美元的下水道、主水管、道路工程。

This is way beyond anything I had ever come in contact with, anything that I had ever experienced at all.

这远远超出了我接触过的任何事情、经历过的任何事情。

And it was, obviously, it was very, very disturbing and just extraordinarily sad.

显然，这非常非常令人不安，而且非常悲伤。

And yet from that sorrowful, daunting landscape something extraordinary would begin to emerge -- from the very start something that spoke of the very best that the city and country were capable of, and stood for.

然而，从那令人悲伤、令人畏惧的景观中，一些非凡的东西将开始出现——从一开始，一些东西就讲述了这座城市和国家所能做到的最好的事情，并代表着最好的东西。

Pete Hamill, Writer: That we were able then, in the following eight months, to clear more than a million tons of steel and rubble and human bodies and remains and all that, and do that in eight months without losing a single person was to me this amazing human triumph that we were able to say, we had this terrible day in our history and we're going to distinguish ourselves by the way we solve it.

作家皮特·哈米尔：我们能够在接下来的八个月内清理超过一百万吨的钢铁、瓦砾、人体和遗骸等等，并在八个月内完成这一任务，而没有失去一个人，这对我来说是一次令人惊叹的人类胜利，我们可以说，我们在历史上经历了这一可怕的一天，我们将通过解决这一问题的方式来脱颖而出。

And I think that the city has never been better than it was in the way it went about the "after" part.

我认为这座城市在“之后”部分的发展方式从未像现在这样好过。

I mean, it was a gigantic improvisation.

我的意思是，这是一次巨大的即兴创作。

There was no script.

没有剧本。

And they found the script, you know, they knew how to do it.

他们找到了剧本，你知道，他们知道该怎么做。

Everything in their lives in some way must have led to that 16 acres in Lower Manhattan, where they proved the value of what they do for a living, but also the sheer intelligence that's behind it.

他们生活中的一切都以某种方式导致了曼哈顿下城那片 16 英亩的土地，在那里他们证明了自己谋生的价值，也证明了其背后的纯粹智慧。

And this is a place that demanded intelligence and got it, and got it in a way that we'll be proud of for generations.

这是一个需要智慧的地方，并且得到了它，并且以一种我们将为几代人感到自豪的方式得到它。

Week after week, month after month, the vast chaos of the pile slowly receded, as an army of ironworkers, crane operators, demolition experts and engineers grimly soldiered on -- working around the clock in shifts of eight to 12 hours -- a Herculean effort made incalculably more difficult by the fact that the work site was also a burial ground.

一周又一周，一月又一月，巨大的混乱逐渐消退，一群钢铁工人、起重机操作员、拆除专家和工程师冷酷地坚持着——每班 8 到 12 小时昼夜不停地工作——由于工地也是一个墓地，这项艰巨的工作变得更加困难。

Kenneth Holden, Former Commissioner, Dept.

肯尼思·霍尔登 (Kenneth Holden)，该部门前专员

of Design & Construction: I mean, it was just, it was a horrible place to work, it was a horrible place to work.

设计与施工部：我的意思是，这是一个可怕的工作场所，这是一个可怕的工作场所。

We were putting milled asphalt, you know, to kind of build a road and flatten certain areas and put dirt over the debris, so we could bring trucks in and whatnot, then to have a firefighter come up and say, you know, "Look, I'm sure my son is in this pile of debris here.

你知道，我们正在铺设铣削沥青，以修建一条道路，平整某些区域，并在废墟上撒上泥土，这样我们就可以开卡车之类的，然后让消防员过来说，你知道，“看，我确信我的儿子就在这里的这堆废墟中。

Can you just give me a couple of hours, and I'll search through this" and then out of the corner of your eye, to see this guy standing on the pile with a spade, I mean, he had a typical gardening spade and was searching for his son by getting spadefuls of debris and lifting it to his nose to smell, to see if he could smell, you know, putrefying flesh, put a human face on a tragedy, that's very haunting.

你能给我几个小时吗？我会搜索一下这个”，然后用眼角的余光看到这个家伙拿着一把铁锹站在土堆上，我的意思是，他有一把典型的园艺铁锹，正在寻找他的儿子，他拿起一锹的碎片，把它举到鼻子上闻，看看他是否能闻到，你知道，腐烂的肉，把一个人的脸放在一场悲剧上，这非常令人难以忘怀。

Ed Koch, Mayor, 1978-1989: On the Memorial Day a year later, Mayor Bloomberg asked a number of people to read some of the names of those who had been killed at the World Trade Center.

艾德·科赫，市长，1978-1989 年：一年后的阵亡将士纪念日，布隆伯格市长请一些人念出一些在世贸中心遇难者的名字。

And while we were waiting to go out I talked with one of the -- these people who was going to read.

当我们等待出去时，我与其中一位要读书的人交谈。

And he told me this story.

他告诉我这个故事。

He said, "I was in Wisconsin when the attack occurred and as it was happening, I knew," said he, "my daughter was at that very moment in a job interview with her employer in the trade tower, and I went crazy, you know, in pain," and so forth.

他说，“袭击发生时我正在威斯康星州，当事情发生时，我知道，”他说，“我女儿当时正在贸易塔里接受她雇主的工作面试，你知道，我在痛苦中发疯了，”等等。

As he's telling me this story -- I'm reliving it now -- I began to cry.

当他告诉我这个故事时——我现在正在重温它——我开始哭了。

He said, "We tried to get a plane, commercial.

他说：“我们试图购买一架商业飞机。

We couldn't.

我们不能。

We tried to get a private plane.

我们试图乘坐私人飞机。

We couldn't.

我们不能。

And finally we got into New York.

最后我们到达了纽约。

And we went down to the site.

我们去了现场。

We were taken over by a cop who will never be forgotten by us.

我们被一位我们永远不会忘记的警察接管了。

He's now a member of our family.

他现在是我们家庭的一员了。

And he took us everywhere.

他带我们去任何地方。

We went to 38 places, looking for our daughter.

我们去了38个地方寻找我们的女儿。

And we knew she was dead." At that moment, Senator Hillary Clinton saw me and she motioned me to come over.

我们知道她死了。”就在这时，参议员希拉里·克林顿看到了我，她示意我过去。

And she said, "You look terrible.

她说：“你看起来很糟糕。

What's wrong?" I said, "I'm sitting with the father of a young woman who was killed." And I began to cry again, again, cry again.

怎么了？”我说：“我和一位被杀的年轻女子的父亲坐在一起。”我又开始哭，再哭，再哭。

But it's like a personal, tremendous loss.

但这就像个人的巨大损失。

And what the father said was -- he was so proud of New York, and appreciative.

父亲说的是——他为纽约感到骄傲和感激。

He said, "I can't tell you how I appreciate what the mayor did." And I told him 'I can't sit here.

他说：“我无法告诉你我是多么感激市长的所作所为。”我告诉他‘我不能坐在这里。

I have to work.

我必须工作。

I have to do something.' And he said, 'Sure, you must work.' And he embraced me." He said, "I'll never forget him." Well, I'll never forget him either, and the pain that he went through, and -- just incredible.

我必须做点什么。他说：“当然，你必须工作。”他拥抱了我。”他说，“我永远不会忘记他。”好吧，我也永远不会忘记他，以及他所经历的痛苦，而且——简直令人难以置信。

And the strength that he displayed.

还有他所展现出来的实力。

Mario Cuomo: , Governor, 1983-1994 : Teilhard de Chardin, great French Jesuit paleontologist and a philosopher, said that one of the tricks in life is to convert everything into good.

马里奥·科莫：州长，1983-1994 年：法国耶稣会古生物学家、哲学家德日进 (Teilhard de Chardin) 说过，生活的秘诀之一就是将一切转化为美好。

He makes the reference of the stone.

他提到了石头。

You're a sculptor and you have a stone, and the stone has a scar in it.

你是一个雕塑家，你有一块石头，而石头上有一个疤痕。

And well, all right, so now you have to sculpt around that scar and you've got to use that scar to make it part of whatever it is you're going to produce that's beautiful, and work with what you have.

好吧，现在你必须围绕那个伤疤进行雕刻，你必须使用那个伤疤使其成为你将要生产的美丽的东西的一部分，并利用你所拥有的东西进行工作。

Play it as it lies.

照其谎言播放。

You know.

你知道。

So whatever the circumstance, you know use it for good purpose.

因此，无论在什么情况下，您都知道将其用于良好目的。

Nine-eleven, how can you possibly use it for good purpose?

九点十一点，你怎么可能用它来达到好的目的呢？

You think about it.

你想想吧。

You'd think, as was suggested before, you'd think about: Look, what this reminds you of is the importance of your own life, and making the most of it, because you can lose it in a flash.

你会想，正如之前所建议的，你会想：看，这提醒你的是你自己生活的重要性，并充分利用它，因为你可能会在一瞬间失去它。

And if that's all you learned from 9/11, that's all you remembered, that: My God, you could extinguish life so suddenly, so unexpectedly, and it could happen to me, and therefore I should think harder about the way I spend my life instead of just wasting it.

如果这就是你从 9/11 中学到的一切，那就是你所记得的一切：我的上帝，你可以如此突然、如此出人意料地消灭生命，而这也可能发生在我身上，因此我应该更加认真地思考我度过生命的方式，而不是浪费它。

Now, it's not going to teach you what to do with your life, but it will teach you to do with your life, and to do it more and quicker and better.

现在，它不会教你如何度过你的生活，但它会教你如何度过你的生活，并且做得更多、更快、更好。

And that can be extremely valuable.

这可能非常有价值。

I -- It's had that effect on me.

我——它对我产生了这样的影响。

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic: We are never going to be exactly the same again, those of us who lived through this.

保罗·戈德伯格（Paul Goldberger），建筑评论家：我们这些经历过这一切的人再也不会和以前一样了。

We can't be, in the same way that if you live through the Kennedy assassination or other, you know, cataclysmic events that had just a powerful, wrenching emotional effect on people, you are not quite the same.

我们不能像你经历过肯尼迪遇刺或其他灾难性事件一样，对人们产生强大的、痛苦的情感影响，你就不太一样了。

But everything isn't really different either.

但一切也并没有真正不同。

There is a glorious comforting power to normalcy, that ultimately pushes its way back in.

常态有一种光荣的安慰力量，最终会恢复常态。

It's kind of like, you can do anything you want in the sand on the beach, but ultimately the tides will sort of work their effect on it, and smooth it over.

这有点像，你可以在海滩上的沙子上做任何你想做的事，但最终潮汐会对其产生影响，并将其抚平。

And sometimes we almost don't want to let it do its work because we fear that in some way maybe that's disrespectful of those who died or those who suffered so much, to let normalcy come back.

有时我们几乎不想让它发挥作用，因为我们担心在某种程度上，让常态回归可能是对那些死去的人或那些遭受如此严重痛苦的人的不尊重。

But ultimately it's the law of nature, in fact, that normalcy return.

但事实上，归根结底，这是自然法则，回归常态。

I think it's also true that there is a fundamental kind of New Yorkness that cannot be destroyed by even as cataclysmic an event as this.

我认为，确实有一种基本的纽约风情，即使是像这样的灾难性事件也无法摧毁它。

And our day-to-day business ultimately came back.

我们的日常业务最终恢复了。

The business of living, the feeling of living, what city life is like.

居住的生意，居住的感受，城市生活是什么样的。

And that was not destroyed by 9/11.

这并没有被 9/11 摧毁。

It's in fact the New York equivalent of the tides.

事实上，这相当于纽约的潮汐。

It's just there, and ultimately it sort of works its magic of normalcy again.

它就在那里，最终它再次发挥了正常的魔力。

But we will never be exactly as we were.

但我们永远不会像以前一样。

And that's right.

没错。

It would be wrong to deny the enormity of what's happened.

否认所发生事件的严重性是错误的。

But that doesn't mean everything changes as a result.

但这并不意味着一切都会因此而改变。

Camilo Jose Vergara: , Photographer : I really liked them, you know.

Camilo Jose Vergara：，摄影师：我真的很喜欢它们，你知道。

I really liked them.

我真的很喜欢他们。

I miss them.

我想念他们。

I see them right now -- none of the other buildings -- had the power and presence of those towers.

我现在看到它们——其他建筑物都没有——拥有这些塔的力量和存在。

Ada Louise Huxtable, Architecture Critic: When you ask someone what they'd like to see there I know that the answer to that question is, something you and I have not thought of, something that has far more dimension, far more connection with the city, far more beauty and utility, far more originality than we're capable of dreaming of.

艾达·路易丝·赫克斯泰布尔（Ada Louise Huxtable），建筑评论家：当你问某人他们想在那里看到什么时，我知道这个问题的答案是，一些你和我都没有想到的东西，一些比我们能够梦想的更有维度、与城市有更多联系、更多美丽和实用、更具原创性的东西。

Robert Stern: , Architect : But should one build tall?

罗伯特·斯特恩：建筑师：但是建筑应该建得高吗？

Yes, I think so.

是的，我想是的。

Otherwise, the forces of darkness will have won.

否则，黑暗势力就会获胜。

I mean, they were attacking our ability to challenge the sky.

我的意思是，他们正在攻击我们挑战天空的能力。

Ever since the biblical times, to build tall has been both the arrogance of man and the confidence of man.

自圣经时代以来，建造高大的建筑既是人的傲慢，也是人的自信。

So we must build again.

所以我们必须重新建设。

Leslie Robertson, Engineer: Not 110 floors, but not 109 either.

Leslie Robertson，工程师：不是 110 层，也不是 109 层。

Maybe 111 or whatever.

也许是 111 或其他什么。

And I don't care whether it's the tallest building in the world or not.

我不在乎它是否是世界上最高的建筑。

I don't think that's the issue.

我不认为这是问题所在。

But I would like to see there a symbol of the city of New York that is as strong or stronger than the symbol that was there before.

但我希望看到纽约市的标志与以前的标志一样强大，甚至更强。

Mario Cuomo: , Governor, 1983-1994 : I would like to see some depiction of all the religions list them all: atheism, ethical humanism, Catholicism, etc., etc. All of them.

马里奥·科莫：州长，1983-1994：我希望看到一些对所有宗教的描述，将它们全部列出：无神论、伦理人文主义、天主教等等。所有这些。

And you notice that each of those religions, these value systems, have two principles they share in common.

你会注意到，每一种宗教、每一种价值体系都有两个共同的原则。

And the two principles started with monotheism and the Jews: tzedakah and tikkun olam.

这两个原则始于一神论和犹太人：tzedakah 和 tikkun olam。

Tzedakah means generally: we must treat one another as brother and sister.

Tzedakah 的一般意思是：我们必须像兄弟姐妹一样对待彼此。

We should show one another respect and dignity, because we are like things.

我们应该互相尊重和尊严，因为我们就像事物一样。

We are human beings in a world that has nothing else like us.

我们是人类，生活在一个独一无二的世界。

And we ought to treat one another with love, charity-use your own words.

我们应该用爱、慈善来对待彼此——用你自己的话来说。

And the second principle is: Well, what do you do with this relationship?

第二个原则是：那么，你如何处理这段关系？

Well, we don't know exactly how we got here, why we got here, etc., etc. That's for minds larger than ours.

好吧，我们并不确切地知道我们是如何到达这里的，为什么我们到达这里的，等等。这是为比我们更大的头脑而准备的。

But we know that we are like kinds, and we should work together to make this as good an experience as possible.

但我们知道我们是同类，我们应该共同努力，让这成为一次尽可能好的体验。

Tikkun Olam -- let us repair the universe.

Tikkun Olam——让我们修复宇宙。

Now Islam believes that.

现在伊斯兰教相信这一点。

Buddhism that has no god believes it.

没有神的佛教相信它。

Every ethical humanist I ever met believes it.

我遇到的每一位道德人文主义者都相信这一点。

Those two principles: we're supposed to love one another and we're supposed to work together to make the experience better.

这两个原则：我们应该彼此相爱，我们应该共同努力让体验变得更好。

That's all the religion you need, really, to make a success of this planet.

事实上，这就是你在这个星球上取得成功所需要的全部宗教。

And I'd like to see that in 9/11 somewhere.

我希望在 9/11 的某个地方看到这一点。

I'd like to see that captured somehow.

我希望看到以某种方式捕获它。

An interview with architectural historian Carol Willis for New York: Center of the World.

纽约：世界中心对建筑历史学家卡罗尔·威利斯的采访。

Travel back in time and read selected 19th-century writers' opinions of Manhattan, its inhabitants, and its urban development

时光倒流，阅读精选 19 世纪作家对曼哈顿、其居民及其城市发展的看法

Read excerpts from two of Joseph Mitchell's stories, describing Native American skyscraper builders and oystering in New York Harbor.

阅读约瑟夫·米切尔 (Joseph Mitchell) 的两个故事的摘录，其中描述了美洲原住民的摩天大楼建造者和纽约港的牡蛎。

New Jersey native John McPhee explains the terrain underneath Manhattan skyscrapers.

新泽西人约翰·麦克菲解释了曼哈顿摩天大楼下面的地形。

Architecture critic Ada Louise Huxtable discusses the options for building at Ground Zero.

建筑评论家艾达·路易丝·赫克斯泰布尔 (Ada Louise Huxtable) 讨论了归零地的建筑选择。

An interview with former New York governor Mario Cuomo.

前纽约州州长马里奥·科莫的采访。

Three-term mayor of New York City Ed Koch describes a moment on September 11, 2002.

三届纽约市市长埃德·科赫描述了 2002 年 9 月 11 日的一个时刻。

Journalist William Langewiesche tells the story of one 9/11 survivor.

记者 William Langewiesche 讲述了一名 9/11 幸存者的故事。

High wire artist Philippe Petit discusses his walk between the Twin Towers.

高空钢丝艺术家菲利普·珀蒂 (Philippe Petit) 讲述他在双子塔之间行走的情景。

Historian Niall Ferguson talks about globalization and 9/11.

历史学家尼尔·弗格森谈论全球化和 9/11。

Photographer Camilo Jose Vergara discusses the visual impact of the World Trade Center.

摄影师卡米洛·何塞·维加拉 (Camilo Jose Vergara) 讨论世贸中心的视觉影响。

Engineer Leslie Robertson discusses architectural aspects of the World Trade Center.

工程师莱斯利·罗伯逊讨论世贸中心的建筑方面。