Race to the Moon
Narrator : On December 21, 1968, the countdown to one of the greatest moments in exploration began.
旁白：1968 年 12 月 21 日，探索史上最伟大时刻之一的倒计时开始了。
The first manned lunar flight, Apollo 8, was scheduled to fly 230,000 miles out into space, orbit the moon ten times and return home.
首次载人登月飞行阿波罗 8 号计划飞行 23 万英里，进入太空，绕月球十圈，然后返回家园。
For the first time in history, humans were poised to head away from Earth and venture out to another world.
历史上第一次，人类准备离开地球，冒险前往另一个世界。
Christopher Kraft, Apollo flight operations director : It took a lot of guts.
克里斯托弗·克拉夫特，阿波罗飞行运营总监：这需要很大的勇气。
It took a lot of nerve to do Apollo 8.
完成阿波罗8号需要很大的勇气。
The biggest thing about Apollo 8 that I was impressed with was that the country let us do it.
阿波罗8号给我印象最深的是国家让我们这么做。
It showed the guts of this country, the real capability of this country, the real willingness of this country to do some things that were forward reaching and took some nerve to do.
它展示了这个国家的勇气、这个国家的真正能力、这个国家真正愿意做一些具有前瞻性和需要勇气去做的事情。
Susan Borman, wife of commander Frank Borman : We knew that the Russians were hell bent to do the same thing and by golly we were going to get there first.
苏珊·博尔曼（Susan Borman），指挥官弗兰克·博尔曼（Frank Borman）的妻子：我们知道俄罗斯人一心要做同样的事情，天哪，我们会先到达那里。
But I didn't really think they would get them back.
但我真的没想到他们会把它们找回来。
I just didn't see how they could.
我只是不明白他们怎么能这么做。
Everything was for the first time.
一切都是第一次。
Everything.
一切。
Narrator : While everyone knew the stakes were high, few realized the full level of risk NASA was assuming on Apollo 8.
旁白：虽然每个人都知道风险很大，但很少有人意识到 NASA 在阿波罗 8 号上承担的全部风险。
Even its flight operations director privately set the chance of a safe return at just 50%.
就连其航班运营总监私下也将安全返航的可能性定为只有 50%。
Across the country, Americans watched in awe as Apollo 8 set out on man's first journey to the moon.
全国各地的美国人满怀敬畏地观看阿波罗 8 号踏上人类首次登月之旅。
Walter Cronkite, journalist, archival footage : It was all there in our emotions as it took off.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（Walter Cronkite），记者，档案片段：当它起飞时，我们的情绪就在其中。
It was a combination of concern for their safety and knowing that this was this great pioneering adventure.
这是对他们安全的担忧和知道这是一次伟大的开拓性冒险的结合。
It was an event beyond all other events.
这是一个超越所有其他事件的事件。
President John F.
总统约翰·F.
Kennedy, archival footage : We choose to go to the moon.
肯尼迪，档案片段：我们选择去月球。
We choose to go to the moon!
我们选择去月球！
We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one we intend to win.
我们选择在这十年内登上月球并做其他事情，不是因为它们很容易，而是因为它们很困难，因为这个目标将有助于组织和衡量我们最好的精力和技能，因为这一挑战是我们愿意接受的挑战，是我们不愿意推迟的挑战，也是我们打算赢得的挑战。
Narrator : In 1962, when President John F.
旁白：1962年，时任总统约翰·肯尼迪（John F.
Kennedy committed the United States to sending men to the moon before the end of the decade, NASA was already struggling to catch up with its counterpart in the Soviet Union.
肯尼迪承诺美国将在本世纪末将人类送上月球，而美国宇航局已经在努力追赶苏联同行。
Encouraged by Kremlin leaders to create high-profile missions, the Soviets had awed the world time and again with their achievements in space: the first satellite, the first man in orbit, the first long duration flight, the first dual capsule flights, the first woman in space, the first spacewalk.
在克里姆林宫领导人的鼓励下，苏联发起了备受瞩目的任务，他们在太空中所取得的成就一次又一次令世界惊叹：第一颗卫星、第一个进入轨道的人、第一次长时间飞行、第一次双舱飞行、第一位进入太空的女性、第一次太空行走。
In the eyes of the world, through the mid 1960s, the Soviets were the leaders in space exploration.
在全世界的眼中，整个 20 世纪 60 年代中期，苏联一直是太空探索领域的领导者。
Andrew Chaikin, Space historian : NASA wanted to beat the Russians.
安德鲁·柴金（Andrew Chaikin），太空历史学家：美国宇航局想要击败俄罗斯人。
That's what this program was about, to show the world that the American system, the American way of doing things could do great things and that was as much a public relations goal as an engineering goal.
这就是这个项目的目的，向世界展示美国的体系、美国的做事方式可以做出伟大的事情，这既是一个公共关系目标，也是一个工程目标。
Narrator : To move ahead of the Russians and land a man on the moon, NASA launched the ambitious Apollo program.
旁白：为了领先于俄罗斯人并将人类送上月球，美国宇航局启动了雄心勃勃的阿波罗计划。
But by 1968, after a series of technical setbacks, the program had slipped far behind schedule.
但到了 1968 年，在经历了一系列技术挫折之后，该计划已经远远落后于计划。
With the Soviets pushing towards a lunar flight before the end of the year, NASA managers gambled on a daring move to put the Apollo program back on track ...
随着苏联人在年底前推动登月飞行，美国宇航局管理者们冒险采取了一项大胆的举措，以使阿波罗计划重回正轨……
a risky mission to orbit the moon.
绕月飞行是一项危险的任务。
Walter Cronkite : Six and a half years ago, John F.
沃尔特·克朗凯特：六年半前，约翰·F·
Kennedy set this nation on a course toward the moon.
肯尼迪带领这个国家走上了登月之路。
This morning three Americans -- Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and William Anders -- are on the verge of making man's first journey to the moon.
今天早上，三位美国人——弗兰克·博尔曼、吉姆·洛弗尔和威廉·安德斯——即将开启人类首次月球之旅。
Mission Control : We have ignition sequence start.
任务控制：我们已启动点火程序。
The engines are armed.
发动机已武装。
Four.
四。
Three.
三。
Two.
二。
One.
一。
Zero.
零。
We have commit.
我们已经承诺了。
We have lift-off.
我们有升空。
Lift-off, the clock is running.
升空，时钟走时。
Roger clock.
罗杰时钟。
Walter Cronkite : This building is shaking under us.
沃尔特·克朗凯特：这座建筑在我们脚下摇晃。
But what a beautiful flight.
但这是一次多么美丽的飞行啊。
Man perhaps on his way to the moon.
人类也许正在前往月球的路上。
Mission Control : Mark, mode 1 bravo Apollo 8.
任务控制：马克，模式 1 bravo Apollo 8。
Apollo 8 : Roger that, mode 1B.
Apollo 8：收到，模式 1B。
Narrator : These 3 brave men are the Columbuses of space wrote The New York Times , the first of the human species to embark upon the exploration of our solar system.
旁白：这三位勇敢的人是《纽约时报》所写的太空哥伦布，是人类中第一个开始探索太阳系的人。
Mission Control : Altitude going up now, looking real good.
任务控制中心：高度正在上升，看起来非常好。
Narrator : Eight minutes into the flight, Apollo 8 was traveling at a speed of 17,000 miles an hour, and soon they were orbiting 115 miles above the Earth.
旁白：飞行八分钟后，阿波罗 8 号以每小时 17,000 英里的速度行驶，很快就在距地球 115 英里的轨道上运行。
Mission Control : We're go flight.
任务控制中心：我们要起飞了。
Altitude is nominal
海拔高度为标称值
Narrator : The Apollo 8 crew, all former fighter pilots, was commanded by Air Force Colonel Frank Borman.
旁白：阿波罗8号的机组人员全部都是前战斗机飞行员，由空军上校弗兰克·博尔曼指挥。
A hard-nosed West Point graduate, Borman viewed his mission as a key battle in the Cold War.
博尔曼是一位顽固的西点军校毕业生，他将自己的使命视为冷战中的一场关键战役。
He was so focused on getting his crew home safely that he had fought to eliminate any risk he could, even arguing unsuccessfully against bringing a TV camera on board.
他如此专注于让船员安全回家，以至于竭尽全力消除任何可能的风险，甚至反对在船上携带电视摄像机，但没有成功。
Narrator : Flying his first space mission, Bill Anders was a meticulous engineer who had trained as a lunar landing module pilot.
旁白：比尔·安德斯（Bill Anders）是一位一丝不苟的工程师，接受过登月舱飞行员的培训，这是他第一次执行太空任务。
But on Apollo 8 his main job would be surveying the lunar landscape for future landing sites, while taking the first up-close photographs of the moon.
但在阿波罗 8 号上，他的主要工作是勘察月球景观以寻找未来的着陆点，同时拍摄第一张月球近距离照片。
Narrator : Cast from a different mold than his crewmates, James Lovell Jr. was Apollo 8's Command Module Pilot and Navigator.
旁白：小詹姆斯·洛弗尔 (James Lovell Jr.) 是阿波罗 8 号指令舱的飞行员和导航员，与他的船员不同。
Unusually easy-going in the precision-minded world of Apollo, Lovell's job would be to confirm the capsule's navigation and fire the rockets during all critical maneuvers.
在阿波罗精密的世界里，洛弗尔的工作异常随和，他的工作是确认太空舱的导航并在所有关键的演习期间发射火箭。
As Apollo 8 prepared to leave Earth orbit, Lovell had already spent more time in space than any other human being.
当阿波罗 8 号准备离开地球轨道时，洛弗尔在太空中度过的时间已经比任何其他人都多。
Apollo 8 : Houston, Apollo 8, How do you read me on the high gain?
阿波罗 8 号：休斯顿，阿波罗 8 号，你如何看待我的高增益？
Mission Control : Yeah, reading you loud and clear Bill, how me?
任务控制中心：是的，你大声朗读，比尔，我怎么样？
Narrator : Two hours and forty five minutes into the flight, the crew prepared to fire their rocket again for Trans Lunar Injection -- TLI -- the step that would catapult them out of Earth orbit and on their way, 230,000 miles to the moon.
旁白：飞行两小时四十五分钟后，机组人员准备再次发射火箭进行跨月注入（TLI），这一步骤将把他们弹射出地球轨道，并在 230,000 英里外的月球途中。
Mission Control : Apollo 8, Houston Apollo 8 : Go ahead Houston.
任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿 阿波罗 8 号：继续休斯顿。
Mission Control : Apollo 8, you are go for TLI.
任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，你要去 TLI。
Apollo 8 : Roger.
阿波罗 8 号：罗杰。
Understand.
理解。
We are go for TLI.
我们要去TLI。
Mission Control : 20 seconds to ignition.
任务控制：20 秒点火。
Narrator : Since 1961 when the Soviet Union flew the first manned flight, 34 Soviets and Americans had orbited the Earth, but no one had ever headed straight out.
旁白：自1961年苏联首次载人飞行以来，已有34名苏联人和美国人绕地球飞行，但没有人直接出发。
Andrew Chaikin : The farthest that any astronauts had ever gone from the surface of the Earth was 850 miles on one of the Gemini flights.
安德鲁·柴金：宇航员在一次双子座飞行中距地球表面最远的距离是 850 英里。
That is about like looking at a peach and skimming the fuzz on the surface of the peach.
这就像看着桃子并撇去桃子表面的绒毛一样。
We're talking about a much bigger step.
我们正在谈论一个更大的步骤。
Mission Control : 3, 2, 1.
任务控制：3、2、1。
Ignition.
点火。
We confirm ignition and the thrust is go.
我们确认点火并且推力开始。
Andrew Chaikin : The engine on the third stage lights up and they can feel themselves accelerating out of Earth's orbit.
安德鲁·柴金：第三级的发动机亮了，他们可以感觉到自己正在加速脱离地球轨道。
And within minutes they are farther from the Earth than anybody has ever been before and they're going farther, and they're going faster and on the computer read-out you can see the velocity galloping upwards.
几分钟之内，它们距离地球的距离比以前任何人都远，而且它们走得更远，而且速度更快，在计算机读数上你可以看到速度在上升。
Mission Control : Apogee now 800 miles and climbing.
任务控制中心：远地点现在 800 英里，正在爬升。
Apollo 8, Houston.
阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿。
You're looking good here.
你在这里看起来不错。
Apollo 8 : Roger.
阿波罗 8 号：罗杰。
Apollo 8.
阿波罗 8 号。
Andrew Chaikin : They're getting up to twenty-five thousand miles an hour which is what it takes to get you out of Earth's gravitational well and onto a path to the moon.
安德鲁·柴金：他们的速度达到每小时两万五千英里，这就是让你脱离地球引力井并走上通往月球的道路所需的速度。
Mission Control : Apollo 8, Houston.
任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿。
Trajectory and guidance look good.
轨迹和引导看起来不错。
Roger, Apollo 8.
罗杰，阿波罗八号。
Looks good here.
这里看起来不错。
Apollo 8, Houston.
阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿。
We're predicting cut-off at 2:55:58 and it looks exactly nominal here.
我们预测截止时间为 2:55:58，这里看起来完全是名义上的。
Thank you.
谢谢。
Narrator : As Apollo 8 embarked upon their six day mission, they left behind a deeply troubled planet.
旁白：当阿波罗 8 号开始执行为期六天的任务时，他们留下了一个深陷困境的星球。
Through 1968, America had suffered through one shock after another: the escalating war in Viet Nam and the rise of Anti-war protests at home; the assassinations of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.; and Presidential candidate Robert F.
1968年，美国经历了一场又一场的冲击：越南战争不断升级，国内反战抗议浪潮高涨；民权领袖马丁·路德·金遇刺；和总统候选人罗伯特·F.
Kennedy; Race riots in the cities; and chaos at the Democratic National Convention.
肯尼迪；城市中的种族骚乱；以及民主党全国代表大会上的混乱。
As troubles mounted in the outside world, NASA had been struggling for nearly two years with its own problems.
随着外界的麻烦不断增加，美国宇航局近两年来一直在与自己的问题作斗争。
In January 1967, before the first manned Apollo flight had even flown, a flash fire erupted in the Apollo 1 capsule killing the crew during a routine drill.
1967 年 1 月，在首次载人阿波罗飞行之前，阿波罗 1 号太空舱在一次例行演习中突然起火，导致机组人员死亡。
NASA immediately grounded manned flights for 18 months, as engineers furiously redesigned the Apollo capsule.
NASA 立即将载人飞行停飞了 18 个月，工程师们疯狂地重新设计了阿波罗太空舱。
The next five unmanned tests of the massive Saturn 5 rocket system, including flights that were called Apollo 4, 5 and 6, were hampered by technical problems that sent the rocket team back to the drawing board again and again.
大型土星 5 号火箭系统接下来的五次无人测试，包括被称为阿波罗 4、5 和 6 号的飞行，都因技术问题而受阻，导致火箭团队一次又一次地回到绘图板。
And by early 1968, it was apparent that construction of the lunar landing module was also hopelessly behind schedule.
到 1968 年初，登月舱的建造显然也完全落后于计划。
Apollo manager George Low spent several months trying to come up with some way to get the program back on track.
阿波罗经理乔治·洛花了几个月的时间试图想出一些方法让该计划重回正轨。
Low knew that something drastic had to be done to preserve any realistic chance that an American would land on the moon before the end of the decade.
洛知道，必须采取一些重大措施才能保留美国人在本世纪末登陆月球的现实机会。
Andrew Chaikin : Low very quietly reviewed the situation and came up with this brilliant idea to take the second Apollo flight, and instead of sending it into Earth orbit with a lunar lander that wasn't going to be ready, send it to the moon without a lander.
安德鲁·柴金：刘特佐非常平静地审视了情况，并提出了这个绝妙的主意，即进行第二次阿波罗飞行，而不是用尚未准备好的月球着陆器将其送入地球轨道，而是在没有着陆器的情况下将其发送到月球。
Just do the part that says we're gonna go from the Earth to the moon, test out the communications, the navigation, all of those things that you're going to have to do anyway, later on for a landing.
只要做我们将从地球到月球的部分，测试通信、导航，以及所有这些你无论如何都必须做的事情，然后才能着陆。
You don't need the Lunar Module for that mission.
您不需要登月舱来执行该任务。
John Logsdon, Space historian : We haven't flown humans on Saturn 5, we haven't flown the redesigned capsule, but we're supposed to decide now to fly humans on the first Saturn 5 in that capsule to the moon?
约翰·洛格斯登，太空历史学家：我们还没有在土星 5 号上载人，我们还没有在重新设计的太空舱上载人飞行，但我们现在应该决定在第一个土星 5 号太空舱中载人飞往月球吗？
Chris Kraft : He said, "Can we do a lunar fly-by?
克里斯·克拉夫特：他说：“我们可以飞越月球吗？
Can we fly around the moon and come back?
我们能绕月球飞行然后回来吗？
Do you think that is possible to do?" And my first reaction to that was no, I don't think we can do it ...
你认为这可能吗？”我的第一反应是不，我认为我们做不到......
to get all the control center ready, to get the network ready, to get the crews trained, to get ourselves, the flight control team, trained, and to be confident that we know what we are doing, I think it would be a very difficult thing to do.
让所有控制中心准备好，让网络准备好，让机组人员接受培训，让我们自己、飞行控制团队接受培训，并确信我们知道我们在做什么，我认为这将是一件非常困难的事情。
Jerry Bostick, Retrofire officer : I thought at first it was a pretty wild idea.
Jerry Bostick，Retrofire 官员：我一开始认为这是一个非常疯狂的想法。
But the more that I thought about it, and we only had a couple of days really to assess it, to see if we really could or not, I changed my mind and thought it was a bold idea, and yes, we could.
但我想得越多，我们只有几天的时间来评估它，看看我们是否真的可以，我改变了主意，认为这是一个大胆的想法，是的，我们可以。
Chris Kraft : At that point I said, "yes, we want to give it a shot.
克里斯·克拉夫特：当时我说，“是的，我们想尝试一下。
But we have to tell you this: if we're going to do it we want to go in orbit around the moon we don't just want to fly around the moon ...
但我们必须告诉你：如果我们要这样做，我们想要进入绕月轨道，我们不仅仅是想绕月飞行......
we're willing to try.
我们愿意尝试。
We're willing to start working on these programs; we're willing to start shooting for that time period with building all these things we've got to build."
我们愿意开始开展这些计划；我们愿意在这段时间内开始拍摄，建造我们必须建造的所有这些东西。”
Narrator : Low and Kraft had a tough time selling the plan to NASA's chief administrator, James Webb, who was still reeling from the Apollo 1 fire.
旁白：洛和卡夫在向美国宇航局首席行政官詹姆斯·韦伯推销这个计划时遇到了困难，当时他仍因阿波罗一号火灾而感到震惊。
Webb told his managers that their idea would put the whole program at risk, but in mid-August, he gave tacit approval to a reworked schedule that would send Apollo 8 into lunar orbit at Christmas.
韦伯告诉他的经理们，他们的想法将使整个计划面临风险，但在 8 月中旬，他默许了一项重新制定的时间表，该时间表将在圣诞节将阿波罗 8 号送入月球轨道。
Glynn Lunney, Flight director : The whole thing just clicked into place.
Glynn Lunney，飞行总监：整个事情就这么顺利进行了。
It was like perhaps it had been out of focus if I'd thought about it.
如果我仔细想想的话，就好像它已经失去了焦点。
But the Apollo 8 decision was the gate opener, the gate opener to the landing.
但阿波罗 8 号的决定是开门者，是登陆的开门者。
Susan Borman : My husband came home.
苏珊·博尔曼：我丈夫回家了。
...
...
And he as best he could said what he had just volunteered for, and I was trying to absorb what he was telling me.
他尽最大努力说出他刚刚自愿做的事情，而我正在努力吸收他告诉我的内容。
And this is August, you haven't tested the capsule yet.
现在是八月，你还没有测试胶囊。
December, that's what, three some odd months.
十二月，就是这样，三个奇怪的月份。
But usually you train for a year.
但通常你会训练一年。
To the moon?
去月球？
Narrator : For four months the flight crew of Apollo 8 and their ground crew trained relentlessly, working with a whole new mission plan and pushing to develop all the technical skills required by the new flight.
旁白：阿波罗 8 号的机组人员和地勤人员在四个月里坚持不懈地训练，制定全新的任务计划，并努力培养新飞行所需的所有技术技能。
Chris Kraft : It compressed everything that we were doing.
Chris Kraft：它压缩了我们正在做的一切。
It compressed building the software in the computers to go to the moon.
它压缩了在计算机中构建软件以前往月球的速度。
It compressed measuring the instrumentation that we had to look at the spacecraft when we were going to the moon.
它压缩了我们去月球时必须查看航天器的测量仪器。
And we convinced ourselves, ...
我们说服自己，...
okay, we're now ready to go, we think we can do the flight control; we think we can do the computers, we're satisfied the spacecraft is going to work, so let's get ready and go.
好的，我们现在准备出发，我们认为我们可以进行飞行控制；我们认为我们可以做计算机，我们对航天器能够正常工作感到满意，所以让我们准备好出发吧。
Narrator : While NASA pushed to get ready for Apollo 8, the Soviets were busy preparing for their own lunar mission.
旁白：当美国国家航空航天局 (NASA) 努力为阿波罗 8 号登月做好准备时，苏联却忙着准备自己的登月任务。
In mid-September of 1968 they sent a capsule looping around the moon carrying turtles, mealworms, and a life-sized mannequin.
1968 年 9 月中旬，他们发射了一个太空舱，载着海龟、黄粉虫和真人大小的人体模型绕月球飞行。
Then in mid-November Zond 6 carried another payload around the moon.
然后在 11 月中旬，Zond 6 又携带了另一个有效载荷绕月飞行。
Knowing that the Russians had a brief window to launch a lunar flight in early December, Americans sensed that the race to the moon was coming down to the wire.
知道俄罗斯人在 12 月初有一个短暂的时间来发射登月飞行，美国人意识到登月竞赛已经到了最后一刻。
NASA's worst fears were realized when the CIA sent word in late November that a Soviet rocket capable of carrying two men was moving into launch position.
当中央情报局 (CIA) 在 11 月底发出消息说，一枚能够运载两人的苏联火箭即将进入发射位置时，美国宇航局 (NASA) 最担心的事情变成了现实。
Just a month before Apollo 8, it looked like the Soviets would out-maneuver the Americans once again.
就在阿波罗 8 号登月前一个月，苏联似乎将再次战胜美国人。
Alexi Leonov, Soviet cosmonaut : People in our country were convinced that we would be the first to land on the moon, because they were used to the fact that we were always the first, the first the first.
苏联宇航员阿列克西·列昂诺夫：我们国家的人们相信我们将是第一个登上月球的人，因为他们已经习惯了这样一个事实：我们总是第一个，第一个就是第一个。
Narrator : What no one outside the Soviet leadership knew was that both unmanned Zond flights in the fall had problems during re-entry that would have killed a cosmonaut.
旁白：除了苏联领导层之外，没有人知道的是，秋季的两次 Zond 无人飞行在重返大气层时都出现了问题，可能导致一名宇航员死亡。
In the upper reaches of the Soviet government a heated debate was underway over whether or not to risk sending men on a December flight to the moon.
苏联政府高层正在就是否冒险在 12 月送人登月展开激烈争论。
Alexi Leonov : We could have done it six months earlier.
Alexi Leonov：我们本来可以提前六个月完成。
Two of the crews had passed all of the tests and trials.
其中两名机组人员通过了所有测试和试验。
Certainly, it was only the indecisiveness of our chief designer at the time, Vasily Pavlovich Mishin that caused us to fall behind in this program.
当然，只是我们当时的首席设计师瓦西里·帕夫洛维奇·米申的优柔寡断才导致我们在这个项目上落后了。
Narrator : As NASA managers held their breath, the window for a Soviet launch came and went.
旁白：当美国宇航局管理人员屏住呼吸时，苏联发射的窗口来了又去。
Soviet leaders were ultimately unwilling to risk a crew without another test flight.
苏联领导人最终不愿意在没有再次试飞的情况下让机组人员冒险。
Narrator : While the Apollo 8 astronauts made final preparations for their flight, at Cape Canaveral, their wives were left in Houston, caring for their families on their own.
旁白：当阿波罗 8 号宇航员在卡纳维拉尔角为飞行做最后的准备时，他们的妻子则留在休斯顿，独自照顾家人。
Marilyn Lovell, Wife of astronaut Jim Lovell : I would say they were probably gone six days out of every week.
玛丽莲·洛弗尔，宇航员吉姆·洛弗尔的妻子：我想说他们可能每周都会离开六天。
We had to fend for ourselves, I mean, we didn't expect them to worry about us and I would say that we probably kept many things ...
我们必须自己照顾自己，我的意思是，我们没想到他们会担心我们，我想说我们可能保留了很多东西......
of the family to ourselves.
家庭对我们自己。
As much as I tried to hide my fears even from myself it was not easy on any of us.
尽管我试图向自己隐藏我的恐惧，但这对我们任何人来说都不容易。
And it was not easy on our children, especially the older children who understood what was happening.
这对我们的孩子来说并不容易，尤其是那些了解发生了什么事的大孩子。
Susan Borman : We'd say how proud we were, how confident we were, and then I'd go inside and kick a door in!
苏珊·博尔曼：我们会说我们是多么自豪，我们是多么自信，然后我就会走进去，踢开一扇门！
I thought ...
我以为...
they're rushing it, they're leap frogging, they're too anxious to get it going.
他们急于求成，他们蛙跳式地前进，他们太急于让事情进展下去。
And I just sort of figured maybe you'd better face up to that and give it some thought and stop living in this cocoon because this time it is not just another test flight
我只是觉得也许你最好正视这一点并思考一下并停止生活在这个茧中，因为这一次不仅仅是另一次试飞
Valerie Anders, Wife of astronaut Bill Anders : We thought, we're in this, this is our life, we're military wives, we're not trained for this, but this is the kind of life we live.
瓦莱丽·安德斯，宇航员比尔·安德斯的妻子：我们想，我们身处其中，这就是我们的生活，我们是军人妻子，我们没有接受过这样的训练，但这就是我们的生活。
And there were other wives, in other parts of our country at that time, who were wives of people missing in action in Vietnam, who were wives of fighter pilots, fighting in Vietnam, and that's what our role would have been, had it not been this.
当时在我们国家的其他地方还有其他妻子，她们是在越南行动中失踪的人的妻子，她们是在越南作战的战斗机飞行员的妻子，如果不是这样的话，这就是我们的角色。
Narrator : Just weeks before lift-off, outgoing President Johnson asked the astronauts to leave Cape Canaveral to attend a gala dinner at the White House.
旁白：就在升空前几周，即将卸任的约翰逊总统要求宇航员离开卡纳维拉尔角前往白宫参加晚宴。
Valerie Anders : The wives were flown from Houston to the White House, and all I remember was being extremely nervous because the Hong Kong flu was going around.
瓦莱丽·安德斯：妻子们从休斯敦飞往白宫，我只记得当时非常紧张，因为香港流感正在蔓延。
And I don't remember anything about what happened in the East Room.
我也不记得东厅发生的事情了。
There was some operetta or show put on and all I heard was coughing and sneezing and thinking, "this crew will be sick on the flight; they shouldn't be here." At the end of that program we said 'good-bye' to them in a room full of people and he gave me some tapes that were to be played if something happened to him.
正在上演一些轻歌剧或表演，我听到的只是咳嗽和打喷嚏，心想：“机组人员会在飞机上生病；他们不应该在这里。”节目结束时，我们在一个挤满人的房间里向他们说了“再见”，他给了我一些磁带，如果他出了什么事，可以播放这些磁带。
And I think we were very aware when we said good-bye, that this could be good-bye.
我想，当我们说再见时，我们都非常清楚，这可能是再见。
Narrator : Shortly after breaking out of Earth orbit on December 21, the Apollo 8 crew jettisoned their last booster rocket and watched in awe as the Earth receded in the capsule window.
旁白：12 月 21 日冲出地球轨道后不久，阿波罗 8 号机组人员抛弃了最后一枚助推火箭，并敬畏地看着地球从太空舱窗口后退。
Apollo 8 : I can see most of South America, all the way up to Central America, Yucatan, and the peninsula of Florida.
阿波罗8号：我可以看到南美洲的大部分地区，一直到中美洲、尤卡坦半岛和佛罗里达半岛。
There is a big swirling motion just off the east coast, and then going on over toward the east, I can still see West Africa.
东海岸附近有一个巨大的漩涡运动，然后继续向东移动，我仍然可以看到西非。
Mission Control : Good grief, that must be quite a view.
任务控制中心：天哪，这一定是一个很好的观点。
Apollo 8 : Yes.
阿波罗 8 号：是的。
Tell the people in Tierra del Fuego to put on their raincoats; looks like a storm is out there.
告诉火地岛的人们穿上雨衣；外面好像有暴风雨。
Walter Cronkite : So much rested, the hopes of America, the hopes of the world perhaps ...
沃尔特·克朗凯特：如此多的休息，美国的希望，世界的希望也许......
rested on the success of that mission.
取决于该任务的成功。
This was man escaping his environment really, out to the very moon itself, knowing that the moon would never look the same again, that once man had been there and we'd known they'd been there and returned safely.
这是人类真正逃离了他的环境，逃到了月球本身，知道月球再也不会像以前一样了，一旦人类去过那里，我们就知道他们去过那里并安全返回。
Everything was there and it all rested in that spaceship.
一切都在那里，一切都在那艘宇宙飞船里。
Narrator : Eleven hours into the flight with another two and a half days to go before they reached the moon, Frank Borman was the first scheduled for sleep, but before he turned in, the crew had one crucial maneuver to perform -- a short test of the only remaining engine, the Service Propulsion System or "SPS." At the moon, it would have to slow the Command Module enough to allow it to drop into lunar orbit.
旁白：飞行十一个小时后，距离到达月球还有两天半，弗兰克·博尔曼是第一个被安排睡觉的人，但在他上床睡觉之前，机组人员需要执行一项关键操作——对唯一剩余的发动机、服务推进系统或“SPS”进行简短测试。在月球上，它必须使指令舱的速度减慢到足以使其落入月球轨道。
After orbiting the moon 10 times, the SPS would have to burn again to send the crew home.
在环绕月球 10 圈后，SPS 必须再次燃烧才能将宇航员送回家。
Apollo 8 : Houston, Apollo 8.
阿波罗 8 号：休斯顿，阿波罗 8 号。
Mission Control : Go Ahead.
任务控制：继续。
Apollo 8 : Roger.
阿波罗 8 号：罗杰。
The burn was on time -- about 2 seconds.
燃烧很准时——大约2秒。
Narrator : Initial readings showed the SPS test looked good.
旁白：初步读数显示 SPS 测试看起来不错。
For a couple of restless hours Borman tossed and turned in a hammock below the seats, struggling with nausea.
在接下来的几个小时里，博尔曼在座位下面的吊床上翻来覆去，与恶心作斗争。
Then, after taking a sleeping pill, he became seriously ill with both vomiting and diarrhea.
随后，服用安眠药后，他病情严重，出现呕吐和腹泻。
When doctors in Mission Control learned of Borman's condition, they immediately suspected a virus in the capsule.
当任务控制中心的医生得知博尔曼的病情时，他们立即怀疑胶囊中存在病毒。
The doctors alerted the Apollo directors, and they slipped out of Mission control for a private conference about whether to abort the mission.
医生们通知了阿波罗计划的主管，他们溜出了任务控制中心，参加了一次关于是否中止任务的私人会议。
While they were absent, Mission Control was jolted by more bad news -- closer analysis of the SPS test, showed a slight malfunction.
当他们缺席时，任务控制中心被更多的坏消息震惊了——对 SPS 测试的仔细分析显示出现了轻微的故障。
Glynn Lunney : We fired this engine, which was a confidence burn.
Glynn Lunney：我们点燃了这台发动机，这让我们失去了信心。
It was intended to give us confidence that this engine, which we were counting on at the moon, was going to be all right.
其目的是让我们相信，我们在月球上所指望的这台发动机将会一切正常。
Lo and behold, the engine didn't behave properly.
你瞧，发动机运转不正常。
So we're sitting here looking at that, stuck with, "Oh, my God, is this engine not working right?
所以我们坐在这里看着这个，心里一直在想，“天啊，这个引擎是不是工作不正常？
Does this mean we cannot go all the way to the moon and put the vehicle in orbit?
这是否意味着我们无法一路前往月球并将飞行器送入轨道？
Do we have to turn around and come back?"
难道我们要掉头回去吗？”
Narrator : After 10 minutes of anxious debate, NASA engineers reported that the malfunction was likely temporary and they believed the engine would work properly when fired again to go into lunar orbit.
旁白：经过10分钟的焦灼辩论，NASA工程师报告说，故障可能是暂时的，他们相信发动机再次点火进入月球轨道时会正常工作。
Without enough fuel to test the engine again, 32-year-old Flight Director Glynn Lunney made the call to proceed on course.
由于没有足够的燃油来再次测试发动机，32 岁的飞行总监格林·伦尼 (Glynn Lunney) 决定继续按航线飞行。
Narrator : When Kraft and Low returned from their deliberations over Borman's illness, they accepted the decision on the SPS, having made a similar call about the crew's health.
旁白：当卡夫和洛从博尔曼病情的审议中回来后，他们接受了 SPS 的决定，并就船员的健康问题做出了类似的呼吁。
By now the commander was feeling a little better, and the other astronauts were showing no signs of infection.
现在指挥官感觉好一点了，其他宇航员也没有出现感染迹象。
Though off to a rocky start, the mission would continue as planned.
尽管一开始并不顺利，但任务仍将按计划继续进行。
Narrator : At 2pm on December 22, the second day of the mission, networks interrupted Sunday programming for the first televised broadcast from Apollo 8.
旁白：12 月 22 日下午 2 点，也就是任务的第二天，电视网络中断了阿波罗 8 号首次电视转播的周日节目。
Archival Apollo footage : This transmission is coming to you approximately half way between the moon and the Earth.
阿波罗档案档案：这段传输大约在月球和地球之间的中间位置向您传送。
We have been 31 hours and about 20 minutes into the flight.
我们已经飞行了 31 小时 20 分钟。
We have about less than forty hours left to go to the moon.
距离登月还有大约不到四十个小时。
You can see that Bill has his toothbrush here.
你可以看到比尔的牙刷在这里。
He has been brushing regularly to demonstrate how things float around in zero g.
他经常刷牙，以展示物体如何在零重力下漂浮。
Narrator : The broadcast was supposed to provide an unprecedented view of the entire Earth, but lens problems made that impossible.
旁白：广播本来应该提供整个地球前所未有的视野，但镜头问题使这变得不可能。
Archival Apollo footage : This lens doesn't seem to be working.
阿波罗档案档案：这个镜头似乎不起作用。
I sure wish we could show you the Earth.
我当然希望我们能向您展示地球。
It's a beautiful, beautiful view, with predominantly blue background and just huge covers of white clouds.
这是一个非常美丽的景色，主要是蓝色的背景，只有巨大的白云。
Its very, very beautiful.
它非常非常美丽。
Narrator : Even without the Earth views Americans were captivated as the drama of the crew's voyage began to sink in.
旁白：即使没有地球视角，美国人也被船员们旅程中的戏剧性的故事所吸引。
Archival Apollo footage : Happy Birthday Mother.
阿波罗档案档案：母亲生日快乐。
Narrator : Behind the good-natured banter was the reality that these three men were alone 100,000 miles out in space, moving farther and farther away every minute.
旁白：善意的玩笑背后是现实，这三个人独自一人在十万英里外的太空中，每一分钟都在离我们越来越远。
TV #1 CDR : So we will be signing off here, and we will be looking forward to seeing you all again shortly.
TV #1 CDR：所以我们将在这里结束，我们期待很快再次见到你们。
Archival Apollo footage : Goodbye from Apollo 8.
阿波罗档案档案：阿波罗 8 号再见。
Narrator : At 2:30 in the afternoon Houston time on December 23, the third day of the mission, the crew of Apollo 8 crossed the gravitational divide.
旁白：休斯顿时间12月23日下午2点30分，也就是任务的第三天，阿波罗8号的船员们跨越了引力鸿沟。
Now, instead of pulling away from the Earth, they were being pulled toward the moon.
现在，它们不再远离地球，而是被拉向月球。
Mission Control : Mode 1, 5 hours, roll 1.38 Apollo 8 : Roger.
任务控制：模式 1，5 小时，滚动 1.38 阿波罗 8 号：罗杰。
The new attitudes for the Mode 1, 5 hour Mode 15 minute are as follows: roll 1.38, pitch 7.89, yaw 357.37
模式 1、5 小时模式 15 分钟的新姿态如下：横滚 1.38、俯仰 7.89、偏航 357.37
Narrator : 12 and half hours later, tension filled the air as the astronauts prepared to fire the SPS engine.
旁白：12个半小时后，当宇航员准备启动SPS发动机时，空气中弥漫着紧张的气氛。
If all went well, it would slow the capsule just enough to safely enter lunar orbit.
如果一切顺利，太空舱的速度将足以安全进入月球轨道。
The crucial maneuver would take place on the far side of the moon, out of radio contact with the Earth.
关键的演习将在月球背面进行，与地球没有无线电联系。
Mission Control : Two minutes fifty seconds away from time of LOS, now.
任务控制中心：现在距离 LOS 时间还有两分五十秒。
Distance from the moon now 496 nautical miles.
现在距月球496海里。
Andrew Chaiken : The moon is moving along in its orbit at thousands of miles an hour.
安德鲁·柴肯：月球正在其轨道上以每小时数千英里的速度运行。
It's twenty-one hundred miles across.
它有两千一百英里宽。
You're trying to zip ahead of the leading edge of the moon, whip around the back side, fire your engine, and go into orbit just 69 miles above the surface.
你正试图快速冲过月球的前缘，绕过月球的背面，启动发动机，然后进入距离月球表面仅 69 英里的轨道。
You know, 69 miles out of 230,000 miles, is not, doesn't leave you a lot of room for error.
您知道，230,000 英里中的 69 英里不是，不会给您留下很大的犯错空间。
Mission Control : One minute to LOS, all systems go.
任务控制：距离视线还有一分钟，所有系统都启动。
Narrator : The back up crews and nearly every flight controller gathered in the control room.
旁白：后备机组人员和几乎所有飞行控制员都聚集在控制室。
Mission Control : Current altitude away from the moon 377 nautical miles.
任务控制中心：当前距月球高度377海里。
Narrator : At 3:59 a.m., Houston time, the spacecraft curved behind the moon.
旁白：休斯顿时间凌晨 3 点 59 分，飞船在月球后面弯曲。
Mission Control : Thanks a lot troops, We'll see you on the other side.
任务控制中心：非常感谢部队，我们在另一边见。
Jerry Bostick : And then we had loss of signal as they went around behind the moon.
杰里·博斯蒂克：然后当他们绕到月球后面时我们就失去了信号。
And it was rather depressing all of a sudden, it was a let down, like, well, what's going on, well, we don't know, we can't talk to them, and the first thing I heard was from Glynn Lunney, who said well "this is probably a good time for everybody to take a break." And I thought, "that's the dumbest thing I've ever heard, how can we take a break when the space craft and the guys are on the dark side of the moon." And he said, "well, there's nothing much we can do to help 'em now, and we have a few minutes here, so it's a good time to take a break."
突然之间，一切都变得相当令人沮丧，令人失望，就像，好吧，发生了什么事，好吧，我们不知道，我们无法与他们交谈，我听到的第一句话是格林·伦尼（Glynn Lunney）说的，他说得好：“这可能是每个人休息的好时机。”我想，“这是我听过的最愚蠢的事情，当宇宙飞船和人们都在月球的黑暗面时，我们怎么能休息呢。”他说：“好吧，我们现在无能为力，而且我们在这里只有几分钟的时间，所以现在是休息一下的好时机。”
Narrator : If the burn went well, Apollo 8 would reappear in 36 minutes.
旁白：如果燃烧顺利，阿波罗8号将在36分钟后重新出现。
If the SPS malfunctioned, the capsule could be sent hurtling into deep space, or crashing to the lunar surface.
如果 SPS 发生故障，太空舱可能会被送入深空，或者坠落到月球表面。
Valerie Anders : These things seem to happen at night, always the middle of the night, Houston time...the wives had brought food over and we had tea and coffee.
瓦莱丽·安德斯：这些事情似乎发生在晚上，总是在半夜，休斯顿时间……妻子们带了食物过来，我们喝了茶和咖啡。
And we were sitting around with the squawk box waiting for this thing to occur.
我们坐在尖叫箱旁等待这件事的发生。
My children were all upstairs asleep.
我的孩子们都在楼上睡觉了。
I knew I had the full responsibility of them.
我知道我对他们负有全部责任。
And so I did worry, but I tried to not think beyond that, because it was such a huge step for the U.S., for the world, for mankind.
所以我确实很担心，但我尽量不去想更多的事情，因为这对美国、对世界、对人类来说都是巨大的一步。
It really was.
确实如此。
Narrator : Ten minutes after losing communication with Earth, Jim Lovell fired the SPS engine.
旁白：与地球失去联系十分钟后，吉姆·洛弗尔启动了 SPS 发动机。
With the Command Module traveling backwards, the SPS burned for four minutes to slow the capsule into lunar orbit, roughly 70 miles above the moon's surface.
随着指令舱向后行驶，SPS 燃烧了四分钟，使太空舱减速进入月球轨道，距离月球表面大约 70 英里。
In Mission Control, everyone tried to remain calm as they watched the minutes tick away.
在任务控制中心，每个人都试图保持冷静，看着时间一分一秒过去。
Jerry Bostick : As they were coming around behind the moon, I had set up two clocks, count-down clocks.
杰里·博斯蒂克：当他们绕到月球后面时，我设置了两个时钟，倒计时时钟。
One, for if the burn was not successful and one, it if was.
一是如果刻录不成功，一是如果刻录成功。
And after the time passed for no burn, then we didn't hear anything, then that's good news.
在没有燃烧的时间过去后，我们什么也没听到，那就是好消息。
Mission Control : Apollo 8, Houston.
任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿。
Apollo 8, Houston.
阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿。
Apollo 8 : Go Ahead Houston, this is Apollo 8.
阿波罗 8 号：继续休斯顿，这是阿波罗 8 号。
Burn Complete.
烧录完成。
Mission Control : We've got it.
任务控制中心：我们找到了。
We've got it.
我们已经做到了。
Apollo 8 now in lunar orbit!
阿波罗8号现已进入月球轨道！
There is a cheer in this room...169.1 by 60.5.
这个房间里充满了欢呼声……169.1 x 60.5。
Good to hear your voice.
很高兴听到你的声音。
Jerry Bostick : Then, when we heard from the crew within a second of the time that we expected to for a nominal burn, it was one of the happiest moments of my life.
杰里·博斯蒂克：然后，当我们在预期名义上烧伤的一秒钟内听到工作人员的消息时，这是我一生中最快乐的时刻之一。
We had been working for six or seven years to accomplish this.
为了实现这个目标，我们已经工作了六七年。
And there we were!
我们就在那里！
We were in lunar orbit!
我们在月球轨道上！
Narrator : The SPS had fired perfectly.
旁白：SPS 完美发射。
It was 4 a.m.
当时是凌晨 4 点。
on December 24, 1968 and for the first time human eyes looked down on the far side of the moon.
1968 年 12 月 24 日，人类第一次看到月球背面。
Bill Anders, Apollo 8 astronaut : Everybody sort of saw it at once, and suddenly here we were, knew we were on the back of the moon.
比尔·安德斯，阿波罗 8 号宇航员：每个人都立刻看到了它，突然我们就到了这里，知道我们在月球背面。
Now we could look down, first time, we saw the moon with this dramatic high contrast lunar surface.
现在我们可以向下看，我们第一次看到月球具有如此戏剧性的高对比度月球表面。
Jim Lovell, Apollo 8 astronaut : We were like three school kids looking into a candy store window.
吉姆·洛弗尔，阿波罗 8 号宇航员：我们就像三个小学生看着糖果店的橱窗。
I think we forgot the flight plan.
我想我们忘记了飞行计划。
We had our noses pressed against the glass.
我们把鼻子贴在玻璃上。
We were looking at those craters go by, you know.
你知道，我们正在观察那些经过的陨石坑。
It was a really amazing sight, really amazing sight.
这真是一个令人惊叹的景象，真是令人惊叹的景象。
Narrator : Apollo 8 would orbit the moon 10 times over the next 20 hours.
旁白：阿波罗 8 号将在接下来的 20 小时内绕月球运行 10 圈。
While the ground crew tracked the gravitational influences on their spacecraft, the astronauts were busy surveying for future landing sites.
当地勤人员跟踪重力对其航天器的影响时，宇航员正忙于勘察未来的着陆地点。
Apollo 8 : 2; 150, new; B and W; MAG D.
阿波罗 8 号：2； 150，新； B和W；玛格 D。
Mission Control : 1 - 1; 80; B & W; 1/250th.
任务控制：1 - 1； 80；黑白； 1/250。
Narrator : But then their focus changed.
旁白：但后来他们的焦点发生了变化。
Narrator : After traveling nearly a quarter million miles to explore the moon, the astronauts unexpectedly found themselves gazing back at the Earth, captivated by their own home planet.
旁白：在航行近25万英里探索月球后，宇航员们意外地发现自己回望地球，被自己的家乡星球所吸引。
Frank Borman, Apollo 8 astronaut : The moon was a terribly distraught landscape, it was the most awe-inspiring moment of the flight when we looked up and there, coming over the lunar horizon, was the Earth.
阿波罗 8 号宇航员弗兰克·博尔曼（Frank Borman）：月球上的风景令人心烦意乱，这是飞行中最令人惊叹的时刻，当我们抬头看到地球从月球地平线上方升起时。
It was the only object in the universe that had any color to it, basically blue with white clouds.
它是宇宙中唯一有颜色的物体，基本上是蓝色和白云。
And everything we held dear was back there.
我们所珍视的一切都回到了那里。
It was a long way away.
距离很远。
Apollo, archival footage : Oh my God!
阿波罗，档案镜头：天哪！
Look at that picture over there!
看看那边那张照片！
Here's the Earth coming up.
地球即将升起。
Wow, is that pretty!
哇，这么漂亮吗！
Andrew Chaikin : Anders clicked off a black and white shot and then Lovell finally gave him the color role.
安德鲁·柴金：安德斯拍下了黑白镜头，然后洛弗尔最终给了他彩色角色。
He slapped that on the back of the Hasselblad camera and he took the picture that became probably the most famous picture of the decade if not one of the most famous of the century, of the Earth rising beyond the moon.
他把它放在哈苏相机的背面，拍摄了这张地球从月球升起的照片，这张照片即使不是本世纪最著名的照片之一，也可能是十年来最著名的照片。
And that is still the picture that really sums up the electrifying experience of that flight, that here were human beings who had taken a monumental step away from home.
这仍然是真正总结那次飞行的令人兴奋的经历的画面，这是人类离开家园迈出的里程碑式的一步。
And Anders came to the realization, even during the flight, you know, "My God, we've come all this way to study the moon and its really the sight of the Earth that has had the most impact.
安德斯意识到，即使在飞行过程中，你知道，“天哪，我们千里迢迢而来就是为了研究月球，而地球上的景象确实对我们产生了最大的影响。
It's almost as if we're discovering the Earth for the first time."
这几乎就像我们第一次发现地球一样。”
Walter Cronkite : That blue disk out there in space, floating alone in the darkness, the utter black of space, it reflected the brilliance of life itself on our planet and brought to mind all of the wonders of our life here and also said to us, how is it possible for humans to live on this incredible island and, and live in enmity instead of an understanding of the brotherhood of all of us there, alone together in the universe?
沃尔特·克朗凯特：太空中的那个蓝色圆盘独自漂浮在黑暗中，漆黑的太空中，它反映了我们星球上生命本身的辉煌，让我们想起了我们在这里生活的所有奇迹，同时也对我们说，人类怎么可能生活在这个令人难以置信的岛屿上，并且生活在敌意中，而不是理解我们所有人在宇宙中孤独地在一起的兄弟情谊？
It was a powerful moment.
这是一个充满力量的时刻。
Narrator : As the Apollo 8 crew looked homeward, around the world millions of people were united by the same impulse: stopping for a few moments to stare skyward at the distant moon.
旁白：当阿波罗 8 号船员回国时，世界各地数以百万计的人们都怀着同样的冲动团结在一起：停下来凝视天空遥远的月亮。
Marilyn Lovell : It was Christmas Eve, I got in the car and was driving home and there was the moon.
玛丽莲·洛弗尔：那是圣诞节前夕，我开车回家时看到了月亮。
It was just absolutely beautiful.
真是太美了。
I looked at it and I thought, "Oh my Lord, they're there." And to look at the moon and say, "my husband is going around that moon at this moment."
我看着它，心想：“天哪，他们就在那里。”看着月亮说：“我的丈夫此刻正在绕着月亮转。”
Apollo 8 : Welcome from the moon, Houston.
阿波罗 8 号：来自休斯敦月球的欢迎。
Mission Control : Thank you.
任务控制中心：谢谢。
Apollo 8 : Houston, you're seeing a view of the Earth taken below the lunar horizon.
阿波罗 8 号：休斯顿，您正在看到在月球地平线以下拍摄的地球视图。
We're going to follow a track until the terminator.
我们将沿着一条轨道直到终结者。
Narrator : As the Command Module moved through it's 9th revolution, the largest audience in history tuned in for a special television broadcast.
旁白：当命令模块进行第九次革命时，历史上最多的观众收看了特别的电视广播。
Apollo 8 : This is Apollo 8 coming to you live from the moon, we've had to switch the TV camera now, now were switching so that we can show you.
阿波罗 8 号：这是阿波罗 8 号从月球向您现场直播，我们现在必须切换电视摄像机，现在正在切换以便我们可以向您展示。
This area just to the left of the Sea of Pisces is called the Martian Sweep and to the left of that is the sea of tranquility.
双鱼海左侧的这个区域被称为火星横扫区，其左侧是宁静之海。
Can you see the fracture patterns going across the middle of the mare?
你能看到穿过母马中部的骨折模式吗？
They drop down about three steps.
他们下降了大约三级台阶。
Narrator : For 20 minutes the astronauts cataloged the mountains and craters they were passing over.
旁白：宇航员用了 20 分钟的时间记录了他们经过的山脉和陨石坑。
Then, as they approached the moon's dark side, they began to read a passage they had selected from the Bible's Book of Genesis: the creation story.
然后，当他们接近月球的黑暗面时，他们开始阅读从《圣经》创世记中选出的一段经文：创世故事。
Apollo 8 : For all the people back on Earth, the crew of Apollo 8 has a message we would like to send to you.
阿波罗 8 号：对于所有回到地球的人们，阿波罗 8 号的船员们想向你们传达一条信息。
In the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth.
起初，上帝创造了天地。
And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep.
大地空虚混沌；深渊的表面一片黑暗。
And the spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
神的灵运行在水面上。
And God said, `Let there be light'; and there was light and god saw the light, that it was good.
上帝说：“要有光”；就有光了，上帝看到了光，那是好的。
And God called the light Day, and the darkness He called Night.
上帝称光为昼，称黑暗为夜。
And the evening and the morning were the first day.
有晚上，有早晨，这是第一日。
Andrew Chaikin : The thing about Apollo that sets it apart from every other event in the history of exploration is that human beings could share in the event as it was happening.
安德鲁·柴金：阿波罗计划与探索史上所有其他事件的不同之处在于，人类可以分享正在发生的事件。
We felt the awe and wonder that these three men were experiencing so far from their home planet.
我们对这三个人在远离家乡的星球上所经历的感到敬畏和惊奇。
Look at the step we were taking and in that moment they were touching base with the most fundamental narrative we have, the creation story.
看看我们正在采取的步骤，在那一刻，他们接触到了我们最基本的叙述，即创世故事。
Apollo 8 : And God called the dry land Earth, and the gathering together of the waters he called these Seas; and God saw that it was good.
阿波罗八号：上帝称旱地为“地”，称诸水的聚集为“海”。神看是好的。
Jerry Bostick : I've never seen this place so quiet.
杰里·博斯蒂克：我从未见过这个地方如此安静。
There was a big hush in here, and tears in a lot of eyes.
这里一片寂静，许多人的眼睛里都含着泪水。
It was just the perfect thing to do at the perfect time.
这是在完美的时间做的完美的事情。
Apollo 8 : And from the crew of Apollo 8, we close with good night, good luck, a Merry Christmas and God bless all of you -- all of you on the good Earth.
阿波罗 8 号：阿波罗 8 号的全体船员致以晚安、祝你好运、圣诞快乐，愿上帝保佑你们所有人——美好地球上的所有人。
Walter Cronkite, archival footage : Well, quite a finish for this last transmission from the moon from Apollo 8, from their television cameras there 230,000 miles from Earth, some 70 miles above the surface of the moon.
沃尔特·克朗凯特 (Walter Cronkite)，档案片段：嗯，阿波罗 8 号从月球发出的最后一次传输已经圆满结束，电视摄像机距离地球 230,000 英里，距离月球表面约 70 英里。
Susan Borman : Chris came by one night.
苏珊·博尔曼：克里斯有一天晚上来过。
I said, 'hey Chris, you know, I'd really appreciate it if you'd level with me.
我说，‘嘿，克里斯，你知道，如果你愿意跟我坦白，我真的很感激。
I really, really want to know what you think their chances are of getting home.
我真的真的很想知道你认为他们回家的机会有多大。
I really want to know.' So he sat there with me and he pondered and he said, 'You really mean that, don't you?' And I said, 'Yes, and you know I do.
我真的很想知道。于是他和我一起坐在那里，沉思着说：“你真的是这个意思，不是吗？”我说，‘是的，你知道我知道。
I really want to know." And he said, 'OK, how's 50/50?' I said, "Good, that suits me fine."
我真的很想知道。”他说，“好吧，50/50 怎么样？”我说：“很好，这很适合我。”
Narrator : After four days in space and 19 hours orbiting the moon, the astronauts were exhausted and ready to head home.
旁白：在太空呆了四天，绕月飞行了19个小时后，宇航员们精疲力尽，准备回家了。
With the capsule facing forward, they would fire the SPS engine again on the moon's far side, to gain enough speed to break out of lunar orbit.
当太空舱面向前方时，他们将在月球背面再次启动 SPS 发动机，以获得足够的速度冲出月球轨道。
Walter Cronkite, archival footage : We're just minutes now from the most critical maneuver that Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and Bill Anders have yet to perform on this historic flight of Apollo 8.
沃尔特·克朗凯特，档案片段：现在距离弗兰克·博尔曼、吉姆·洛弗尔和比尔·安德斯在阿波罗 8 号历史性飞行中尚未执行的最关键的操作只有几分钟的时间了。
Walter Cronkite, archival footage : This was it.
沃尔特·克朗凯特，档案片段：就是这样。
This was the one that had to go.
这是必须离开的人。
This had to work or we had lost the astronauts and the Apollo 8 mission.
这必须奏效，否则我们就会失去宇航员和阿波罗 8 号任务。
Valerie Anders : We knew that they had to get this burn to get out of orbit, otherwise they'd still be there.
瓦莱丽·安德斯：我们知道他们必须经过这次燃烧才能离开轨道，否则他们仍然会在那里。
So it was tense.
所以气氛很紧张。
And it was one of the more critical steps, and, and we knew the consequences.
这是更关键的步骤之一，而且我们知道后果。
Mission Control : All Systems are GO Apollo 8 Apollo 8 : Thank you.
任务控制：所有系统均已启动 阿波罗 8 阿波罗 8：谢谢。
Narrator : Shortly before midnight, Apollo 8 curved around to the far side of the moon, losing contact with Earth for the last time.
旁白：午夜前不久，阿波罗八号绕到月球背面，最后一次与地球失去联系。
Chris Kraft : We lost the signal exactly at the right time, when they went behind the moon, and everybody, at that point, got up and started walking around in the room and I got on my intercom and said, "Look, you guys, do what you want to do but I'm going to sit here and I want to pray a little bit and I'd like to have it quiet here because this is one hell of a tense moment for me and for those guys in the spacecraft.
克里斯·克拉夫特：我们在正确的时间失去了信号，当他们进入月球后面时，每个人都站起来，开始在房间里走来走去，我打开对讲机说，“看，你们，做你们想做的事，但我要坐在这里，我想祈祷一下，我想让这里保持安静，因为这对我和飞船上的那些人来说是一个非常紧张的时刻。
So, for God's sake, be quiet for me.
所以，看在上帝的份上，请为我保持安静。
Mission Control : Apollo 8, Houston, Apollo 8, Houston.
任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿，阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿。
Susan Borman : And there was just dead silence.
苏珊·博尔曼：然后一片死寂。
I mean you really could have heard a pin drop.
我的意思是你真的可以听到一根针掉落的声音。
No one was breathing.
没有人呼吸。
No one was moving and waiting to hear something.
没有人在移动并等待听到什么声音。
Because all you heard was Mission Control saying "Apollo 8".
因为你听到的只是任务控制中心说“Apollo 8”。
You know there was a one-way transmission.
你知道有一种单向传输。
"Apollo 8, Apollo 8." Nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing.
“阿波罗八号，阿波罗八号。”没什么，没什么，没什么，没什么，没什么。
Apollo 8 : Houston, Apollo 8.
阿波罗 8 号：休斯顿，阿波罗 8 号。
Over.
结束了。
Mission Control : Hello, Apollo 8.
任务控制中心：你好，阿波罗 8 号。
Loud and clear.
响亮而清晰。
Apollo 8 : Please be informed there is a Santa Claus.
阿波罗 8 号：请注意，有一位圣诞老人。
Mission Control : That's affirmative.
任务控制中心：这是肯定的。
You're the best ones to know.
你们是最值得认识的人。
Susan Borman : And then Jim, bless his heart "Please be advised there is a Santa Claus." I thought, "no, it worked."
苏珊·博尔曼：然后吉姆，保佑他的心“请注意，有一位圣诞老人。”我想：“不，它有效。”
Narrator : It would take two more days in space, but the Apollo 8 astronauts were on their way home.
旁白：在太空中还需要两天时间，但阿波罗 8 号宇航员已经踏上回家的路了。
Relaxed and confident, they began to enjoy the ride, opening a few Christmas presents, and catching up on much needed sleep.
他们放松而自信地开始享受这段旅程，打开了一些圣诞礼物，并补了急需的睡眠。
Narrator : Around noon they re-crossed the gravitational divide and began to be pulled toward home.
旁白：中午左右，他们重新跨越了引力鸿沟，开始被拉向家。
Valerie Anders : I think when you go out on the edge like we did sometimes the rewards are things that you never even anticipate.
瓦莱丽·安德斯：我认为，当你像我们一样走出困境时，有时回报是你从未预料到的。
This was the one time when I saw that everybody in the world seemed to admire what we had done, and it was for a peaceful purpose.
这是我第一次看到世界上的每个人似乎都钦佩我们所做的事情，而且这是为了和平的目的。
It was a Cold War act, but it wasn't an aggressive act.
这是冷战行为，但不是侵略行为。
Andrew Chaikin : You know Apollo was an adventure that wasn't just on the scale of a nation trying to do something great, but really all of humanity trying to take a giant leap forward.
安德鲁·柴金：你知道，阿波罗计划是一次冒险，它不仅仅是一个国家试图做一些伟大的事情，而是全人类都试图向前迈出一大步。
The impact of seeing the Earth as a planet, as a very small, very distant, and apparently to the astronauts fragile looking ball in the blackness of space ...
将地球视为一颗行星、一个非常小、非常遥远、对宇航员来说在黑暗的太空中看起来很脆弱的球体的影响......
that is a moment that ranks up there with any in the human species.
这是人类中最重要的时刻。
Apollo 8 : OK, now, we're coming up on the view of the Earth, we really want you to see, that's the view of the Earth.
阿波罗 8 号：好的，现在我们要看到地球的景色，我们真的想让你看到，这就是地球的景色。
Narrator : On December 26 the crew gave one last broadcast before reentry.
旁白：12月26日，机组人员进行了重返大气层前的最后一次广播。
Apollo 8 : As I look down on the Earth here from so far out in space, I think I must have the feeling that the travelers in the old sailing ships used to have: going on a very long voyage away from home and now we're headed back, and I have that feeling of being proud of the trip, but still - still happy to be going back home and back to our home port.
阿波罗8号：当我从遥远的太空俯视地球时，我想我一定有一种感觉，就像以前乘坐旧帆船的旅行者一样：离开家乡进行了很长的航行，现在我们要回来了，我有一种为这次旅行感到自豪的感觉，但仍然——仍然很高兴能回家，回到我们的母港。
Mission Control : Roger, Bill.
任务控制中心：罗杰、比尔。
We'll sure be glad to get you back, too.
我们也一定很高兴让您回来。
Apollo 8 : Until then, this is the Apollo 8 crew signing off.
阿波罗 8 号： 在此之前，这是阿波罗 8 号船员的签字仪式。
We'll see you back on the good Earth very soon.
我们很快就会在美好的地球上见到你。
Walter Cronkite, archival footage : The flight of Apollo 8 is nearing its end.
沃尔特·克朗凯特 (Walter Cronkite)，档案镜头：阿波罗 8 号的飞行已接近尾声。
Ahead for astronauts Borman, Lovell, and Anders is the fastest and the hottest reentry that man has yet made into the Earth's atmosphere in this age of space flight.
宇航员博尔曼、洛弗尔和安德斯即将面临人类在这个太空飞行时代最快、最热的重返地球大气层的任务。
Narrator : When Apollo 8 began their re-entry, they were traveling at 25,000 miles per hour.
旁白：当阿波罗 8 号开始重返大气层时，他们的飞行速度为每小时 25,000 英里。
Apollo 8 : Oh, here we go 46 46 20, 0 5 g ...
阿波罗 8 号：哦，我们开始了 46 46 20, 0 5 g ...
That's the airglow we are starting to get; that's what it is gentlemen.
这就是我们开始看到的气辉；先生们，就是这样。
Yeah What?
是啊 什么？
Okay, we got the ...
好的，我们得到了...
God damn, this is going to be a real ride.
该死的，这将是一次真正的旅程。
Hang on.
不挂断。
Bill Anders : The spacecraft started to rumble and it was the first fire coming off the heat shield and we now could detect the G forces.
比尔·安德斯：宇宙飞船开始隆隆作响，这是隔热罩上第一次起火，我们现在可以探测到重力。
And pretty soon it looked like we were inside a blowtorch.
很快我们就好像进入了喷灯之中。
Apollo 8 : .05 G switch on..
阿波罗 8 号：.05 G 开启..
Okay, we got it!
好的，我们知道了！
Put the EMS ON Hang on!
打开 EMS 等一下！
Call out the g's.
喊出g。
Narrator : In the Command Module, after a week of weightlessness, the astronauts could feel the gravitational forces building.
旁白：在指挥舱里，经过一周的失重，宇航员可以感受到重力的增强。
Apollo 8 : We're 1 g!
阿波罗 8 号：我们是 1 g！
Ohhh!
哦哦！
Jesus Christ 5!
耶稣基督5！
6!
6！
Frank Borman : We would dig into the atmosphere until it sustained the maximum amount of G's and thermal load that the spacecraft was designed to take or was supposed to take.
弗兰克·博尔曼：我们会深入大气层，直到它承受航天器设计承受或应该承受的最大重力和热负荷。
And then we'd start out again.
然后我们又重新开始。
Then, we'd roll over 180 degrees and start back down.
然后，我们会翻转 180 度并开始返回。
Narrator : In the Pacific Ocean, 600 miles southwest of Hawaii, the crew of the USS Yorktown prepared for the recovery.
旁白：在夏威夷西南 600 英里的太平洋上，约克城号航空母舰的船员们正在为打捞做准备。
Narrator : In the predawn darkness, it would be impossible for TV cameras to pick up the descending spacecraft but TV correspondents were there, reporting to an anxious public.
旁白：在黎明前的黑暗中，电视摄像机不可能捕捉到正在下降的航天器，但电视记者却在那里，向焦急的公众进行报道。
In mission control, the flight team watched silently as they waited for word that the chutes had opened.
在任务控制中心，飞行小组静静地观看，等待降落伞打开的消息。
In their homes nearby, the astronauts' families also waited.
在附近的家中，宇航员的家人也在等待。
Mission Control : Apollo 8, Houston Apollo 8, Houston Apollo 8 : VHF Mission Control : Apollo 8, Houston Apollo 8 : You got the call Jim.
任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿 阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿 阿波罗 8 号：VHF 任务控制中心：阿波罗 8 号，休斯顿 阿波罗 8 号：你接到吉姆的电话。
Give them a call.
给他们打电话。
Apollo 8 : Houston, Apollo 8.
阿波罗 8 号：休斯顿，阿波罗 8 号。
Airboss 1 : Apollo 8, Airboss 1.
空霸 1 号：阿波罗 8 号、空霸 1 号。
Go ahead.
继续吧。
Apollo 8 : Roger, Airboss 1.
阿波罗 8 号：罗杰，空霸 1。
We indicate 8000.
我们表示8000。
We can't see the chutes, but we're going down very slow.
我们看不到降落伞，但我们下降的速度非常慢。
Airboss 1 : Roger, this is Airboss 1.
Airboss 1：收到，这是 Airboss 1。
You're sounding very good, very good.
你听起来非常好，非常好。
You have been reported on radar as southwest of the ship about 25 miles.
雷达报告您位于该船西南约 25 英里处。
Welcome home, gentlemen and we'll have you aboard in no time.
欢迎回家，先生们，我们很快就会接你们上船。
Narrator : At 4:51am local time, Apollo 8 splashed down in the dark Pacific.
旁白：当地时间凌晨4点51分，阿波罗8号在漆黑的太平洋上溅落。
Bill Anders : I can remember hanging from my straps with all the trash that had been collected on the floor, thinking, here we are, heroic lunar explorers, you know, hanging upside down in the ocean with all this dirt falling in our faces.
比尔·安德斯：我记得挂在我的带子上，地板上收集着所有垃圾，心想，我们在这里，英雄的月球探险家，你知道，倒挂在海洋中，所有这些污垢都落在我们脸上。
Frank Borman : It was wonderful.
弗兰克·博尔曼：太棒了。
I was sick as a dog, from being sea sick, but we were lying there reflecting on the fact that everything had worked and we had done our job well.
我因为晕船而病得像条狗，但我们躺在那里反思一切都顺利，我们已经很好地完成了我们的工作。
It was, it was great!
原来如此，太棒了！
Narrator : In Houston and around the country, there was a sense of relief and celebration unlike any mission before.
旁白：在休斯顿和全国各地，人们有一种不同于以往任何任务的轻松和庆祝的感觉。
Marilyn Lovell : Just to see them being taken out of the space capsule onto the ship; it was just, it was wonderful.
玛丽莲·洛弗尔：只是为了看到他们被从太空舱带上飞船；这真是太棒了。
I mean I just ...
我的意思是我只是...
I still remember how exciting it was to see these men, knowing where they'd been and what they'd done and how the country reacted.
我仍然记得看到这些人是多么令人兴奋，知道他们去过哪里、做了什么以及国家的反应。
I don't think it impacted on me until they came back.
我认为在他们回来之前这对我没有影响。
I was just so shocked that they really were heroes, so to speak and I never thought of it that way to start with, but they really were.
我非常震惊，他们真的是英雄，可以这么说，我一开始从来没有这么想过，但他们确实是。
Narrator : Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and Bill Anders were hailed throughout the world for their heroic feat.
旁白：弗兰克·博尔曼、吉姆·洛弗尔和比尔·安德斯因其英雄事迹而受到全世界的欢呼。
They were given ticker tape parades in New York, Houston and Chicago, named "men of the year" by Time magazine, and honored before a joint session of Congress.
他们在纽约、休斯顿和芝加哥举行了游行，被《时代》杂志评为“年度人物”，并在国会联席会议上受到表彰。
Even the Russian state newspaper published an editorial praising their "infinite human courage and daring." But for Frank Borman, the most memorable accolade came from a stranger who sent a four word telegram.
就连俄罗斯官方报纸也发表社论赞扬他们“人类无限的勇气和勇气”。但对弗兰克·博尔曼来说，最难忘的荣誉来自一位陌生人发来的一封四个字的电报。
"Thanks," it read, "You saved 1968."
“谢谢，”上面写着，“你拯救了 1968 年。”
Jim Lovell : We did it.
吉姆·洛弗尔：我们做到了。
...
...
We overcame the obstacles, we overcame the fire, the problems with the Lunar Module, the problems with the Saturn 5 that we had, and we did get people around the moon before the Soviets.
我们克服了障碍，克服了火灾，克服了登月舱的问题，克服了土星五号的问题，我们确实比苏联人更早地让人们绕月飞行。
We knew this was the beginning a grand new adventure.
我们知道这是一场伟大的新冒险的开始。
Andrew Chaikin : It was a moment at which people put aside the trauma of that year and their own day-to-day concerns and were just taken out of themselves as only this kind of an enterprise can do, to let you see beyond yourself.
Andrew Chaikin：在这个时刻，人们抛开了当年的创伤和自己日常的担忧，只有这种企业才能做到，让你看到超越自己的东西。
That was the real legacy of Apollo, and the real impact of Apollo 8 was that we had a perspective that was a mountain top experience for the whole human race.
这是阿波罗的真正遗产，而阿波罗 8 号的真正影响是我们有了一个对整个人类来说是山顶体验的视角。
Apollo 8 : And from the crew of Apollo 8 we close with good night, good luck, a Merry Christmas, and God bless all of you, all of you on the good Earth.
阿波罗 8 号：阿波罗 8 号的全体船员致以晚安、祝你好运、圣诞快乐，愿上帝保佑你们所有人，美好地球上的所有人。
The Apollo project required a number of advanced achievements before a lunar landing was feasible.
阿波罗计划需要取得许多先进的成就才能实现登月。
These images would become some of the century's most famous, inspiring people worldwide to consider Earth's place in the cosmos.
这些图像后来成为本世纪最著名的图像之一，激励全世界的人们思考地球在宇宙中的位置。
Key events that shaped almost two decades of a race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
影响美国和苏联之间近二十年竞争的关键事件。
The success of the Apollo 8 mission in December of 1968 was a triumph that the nation and the world could appreciate.
1968 年 12 月阿波罗 8 号任务的成功是全国和世界都能欣赏的胜利。
The astronauts of Apollo 8 were the first men to see the far side of the moon with their own eyes.
阿波罗 8 号的宇航员是第一批亲眼看到月球背面的人。
One of the most famous photographs in history was taken by Bill Anders from Apollo 8.
历史上最著名的照片之一是比尔·安德斯在阿波罗 8 号上拍摄的。
The decision to send a manned mission to orbit the moon in 1968 was a risky plan.
1968 年决定载人绕月飞行是一个冒险的计划。
The broadcasts from Apollo 8 invited huge television audiences onboard the spacecraft.
阿波罗 8 号的广播吸引了飞船上的大量电视观众。
From Earth orbit to lunar orbit, these are the missions of the Apollo program.
从地球轨道到月球轨道，这些都是阿波罗计划的任务。
Red Air Force General Nikolai Kaminin was one of many players in the Soviet space program.
红色空军将军尼古拉·卡米宁是苏联太空计划的众多参与者之一。
His candid diary describes Soviet triumphs, setbacks, and reactions to the American program.
他坦率的日记描述了苏联的胜利、挫折以及对美国计划的反应。
The Space Race was a technological battle fought by Soviet and American scientists and engineers, and by Soviet cosmonauts and American astronauts.
太空竞赛是苏联和美国科学家和工程师、苏联宇航员和美国宇航员进行的一场技术战争。
Most Americans united in support of NASA's work against a common threat: Soviet domination of space.
大多数美国人团结起来支持美国宇航局应对共同威胁的工作：苏联对太空的统治。