Abraham and Mary Lincoln: A House Divided
Narrator: : In 1882, an old woman was living on a hill on the outskirts of Springfield, Illinois.
旁白： 1882 年，一位老妇住在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德郊区的一座小山上。
She kept her curtains drawn, never went outside, never received visitors.
她一直拉着窗帘，从不出门，也不接待访客。
Neighborhood children pointed up at her window and hurried past, frightened by "the crazy lady" in the upstairs room.
邻居的孩子们被楼上房间里的“疯女人”吓坏了，指着她的窗户匆匆走过。
Forty years before, she had been married in the parlor of this same house to a tall, awkward lawyer, and still wore his ring, inscribed with the words "Love is eternal." Once she had been the most eligible young woman in Springfield, the pampered daughter of Kentucky aristocrats,
四十年前，她在同一所房子的客厅里嫁给了一位身材高大、笨拙的律师，她仍然戴着他的戒指，上面刻着“爱是永恒的”。她曾经是斯普林菲尔德最有资格的年轻女子，是肯塔基州贵族养尊处优的女儿，
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): : "My wife is as handsome as when she was a girl, and I a poor nobody then, fell in love with her, and what is more, I have never fallen out."
林肯配音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我的妻子像年轻时一样英俊，而我当时还是一个可怜的无名小卒，爱上了她，更重要的是，我从未闹翻过。”
Narrator: : He had been a dirt farmer's son, determined to make something of himself in law and politics.
旁白：：他是一个土农的儿子，决心在法律和政治上有所成就。
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "He is to be President of the United States some day; if I had not thought so I never would have married him, for you can see he is not pretty."
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“他有一天会成为美国总统；如果我没有这么想，我永远不会嫁给他，因为你可以看到他并不漂亮。”
Narrator: Their marriage survived sharp differences of personality and temperament, endured the deaths of children.
旁白：他们的婚姻经历了性格和气质的巨大差异，经历了孩子的死亡。
They reached the White House as partners.
他们以合作伙伴的身份进入白宫。
But the Civil War that tore the country apart, divided them as well.
但分裂国家的内战也分裂了他们。
In the end, an assassin's bullet plunged Mary Lincoln into grief and madness and made Abraham Lincoln, the obscure prairie politician who had pledged to love her forever, into a legend.
最终，一颗刺客的子弹让玛丽·林肯陷入悲伤和疯狂，也让曾经发誓永远爱她的默默无闻的草原政客亚伯拉罕·林肯成为了传奇。
Slate: Abraham and Mary Lincoln: A House Divided
石板：亚伯拉罕和玛丽·林肯：分裂的房子
Voice of a mother and child: In this temple as in the hearts of the people for whom he saved the Union the memory...
母亲和孩子的声音：在这座寺庙里，在人们的心中，他为他们保存了联邦的记忆......
memory of Abraham...
亚伯拉罕的记忆...
Abraham Lincoln is enshrined...
亚伯拉罕·林肯被供奉...
enshrined forever.
被永远铭记。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: If you go to the Lincoln memorial and you look at that figure seated on a throne in this marble temple.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：如果你去林肯纪念堂，你会看到那个坐在大理石神庙宝座上的人物。
I remember going as a child and thinking that's what God looked like.
我记得小时候去那里，以为那就是上帝的样子。
Narrator: The story of the 'real' Abraham Lincoln has receded so far into the nation's memory that what remains seems little more than a dream.
旁白：“真正的”亚伯拉罕·林肯的故事已经深深地淡入这个国家的记忆中，剩下的似乎只不过是一场梦。
The man Mary Lincoln knew and loved and mourned has faded into myth.
玛丽·林肯认识、喜爱和哀悼的那个人已经消失在神话中。
He was born February 12, 1809, in a cabin in the Kentucky wilderness, but Lincoln remembered little of his life there, and what he did remember, he didn't care to talk about.
1809 年 2 月 12 日，林肯出生在肯塔基州荒野的一间小屋里，但林肯对他在那里的生活知之甚少，而他所记得的事情，他也不愿意谈论。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It is a great piece of folly to attempt to make anything out of my early life.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“试图从我的早年生活中创造任何东西是一个巨大的愚蠢行为。
It can be condensed into a single sentence from Gray's Elegy, 'the short and simple annals of the poor.'"
它可以被浓缩成格雷挽歌中的一句话：“穷人的简短编年史。”
Narrator: Lincoln's childhood world is mostly gone, except the land around Knob Creek and Sinking Spring Farm and the stories people still tell there.
旁白：林肯的童年世界大部分已经消失，除了诺布溪和沉泉农场周围的土地以及人们仍然在那里讲述的故事。
Milburn Howard Jr., Knob Creek Farm: I have listened to tales about Lincoln my whole life.
小米尔本·霍华德 (Milburn Howard Jr.)，诺布溪农场 (Knob Creek Farm)：我一生都在听有关林肯的故事。
I listened to my aunts, my dad, everybody was some way or another talked about Lincoln all the time.
我听我的阿姨、我的父亲，每个人都一直以某种方式谈论林肯。
My grandmother she was born 1885 and got to talk to a gentleman that his parents played with Abraham Lincoln and his sister when they lived here.
我的祖母出生于 1885 年，有幸与一位绅士交谈，他的父母住在这里时与亚伯拉罕·林肯和他的妹妹一起玩耍。
And he told stories.
他还讲故事。
Different people around here kind of passed them down.
这里不同的人将它们传承了下来。
They may be twisted one way or another, but they're fairly accurate we think.
它们可能会以某种方式扭曲，但我们认为它们相当准确。
We can't be gospel because there were not very many records back then.
我们不能成为福音，因为当时没有太多的记录。
Narrator: Neighbors remembered very little about Abraham's mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln.
旁白：邻居们对亚伯拉罕的母亲南希·汉克斯·林肯知之甚少。
Some said she used to sing him mournful Scottish ballads.
有人说她常常给他唱悲伤的苏格兰民谣。
Lincoln himself once told a friend that she was "an intellectual woman, sensitive, and somewhat sad."
林肯本人曾对一位朋友说，她是“一位知性的女性，敏感，又有些悲伤”。
Judy Osbourne, Knob Creek Farm: I don't think we know a lot about Lincoln's mother.
朱迪·奥斯本，诺布溪农场：我认为我们对林肯的母亲了解不多。
I see her as a soft-spoken, reflective person.
我认为她是一个说话温和、善于思考的人。
They claimed she was you know thin, she was tall, dark-haired.
他们声称她很瘦，很高，黑头发。
Those were descriptions that people that knew her gave.
这些是认识她的人的描述。
So you, you know, you assume then you get your own picture.
所以你，你知道，你假设你得到了自己的照片。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: They all agreed that she was, quote, "intellectual." I don't know what that means in the old recollections.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他们都同意她是“知识分子”。我不知道这在旧的回忆中意味着什么。
I think it meant that she must have thought about things carefully and talked rather well.
我想，这说明她想的一定是仔细，说得也不错。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Her communication with Lincoln would seem to have been at an early age one of telling stories, it's certainly interesting that all of Lincoln's great writings were written to be read aloud.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：她与林肯的交流似乎是在很小的时候就开始讲故事了，林肯所有伟大的著作都是为了大声朗读而写的，这当然很有趣。
They're all basically oral communication...
基本上都是口头交流...
pieces of poetry, political poetry.
诗歌，政治诗。
Narrator: Abraham's father, Thomas, could barely read or write.
旁白：亚伯拉罕的父亲托马斯几乎不识字。
One neighbor remembered him "as a plain, unpretending, plodding man."
一位邻居记得他“是一个朴素、朴实、缓慢的人”。
Year after year, Abraham watched his father work the fields, tied to the land, at the mercy of the seasons.
年复一年，亚伯拉罕看着他的父亲在田野里劳作，与土地紧密相连，任凭季节的摆布。
Milburn Howard Jr., Knob Creek Farm: It was tough, but it was tough for everybody at the time.
小米尔本·霍华德 (Milburn Howard Jr.)，诺布溪农场 (Knob Creek Farm)：这很艰难，但对当时的每个人来说都很难。
You got to understand that there were several families all living on Knob Creek at the same time and they were all more or less equal.
你会明白，有几个家庭同时生活在诺布溪，他们或多或少都是平等的。
They were poor but they were equal.
他们很穷，但他们是平等的。
And probably they didn't realize they were poor because that's the way that it was on the frontier.
也许他们没有意识到自己很穷，因为边境就是这样。
A boy would have a lot of responsibility then.
那时的男孩将承担很多责任。
I would imagine Lincoln would come back in this valley looking for berries, hickory nuts, walnuts, probably herbs, to make some of their medicine with.
我想象林肯会回到这个山谷寻找浆果、山核桃、核桃，可能还有草药，用来制作一些药物。
And ah, maybe swim and try to catch the chipmunks.
啊，也许游泳并尝试捕捉花栗鼠。
I mean that's just what boys do.
我的意思是这就是男孩所做的。
We run the hills.
我们跑山。
And he was there.
他就在那里。
I'm sure I stepped in his tracks many a time.
我确信我曾多次踏上他的足迹。
Narrator: The Lincoln cabin stood alongside a wilderness road.
旁白：林肯小屋坐落在一条荒野道路旁。
Abraham could listen to travelers tell stories of the wider world and see slaves driven South to be sold.
亚伯拉罕可以听旅行者讲述更广阔世界的故事，看到奴隶被驱赶到南方被出售。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: His mother and father were much opposed to slavery.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他的父母强烈反对奴隶制。
They belonged to a fundamentalist Baptist group that was anti-slavery, and he undoubtedly got from them a sense that slavery was wrong even before he'd ever seen slaves or knew about slavery.
他们属于反奴隶制的原教旨主义浸信会团体，毫无疑问，在他见过奴隶或了解奴隶制之前，他就从他们那里感受到了奴隶制是错误的。
He said later on that "There's never been a time when I was not anti-slavery." And I think that is true.
他后来说，“我从未有过不反对奴隶制的时候。”我认为这是真的。
Narrator: When Abraham was seven and his older sister Sara was nine, the Lincolns packed their few belongings and set out in the dead of winter for Indiana.
旁白：亚伯拉罕七岁时，他的姐姐莎拉九岁时，林肯一家收拾好他们仅有的几件物品，在隆冬时节出发前往印第安纳州。
Thomas Lincoln had always disliked living in a slave state, and had grown weary of disputes over the ownership of his land.
托马斯·林肯一直不喜欢生活在奴隶制国家，并且厌倦了有关土地所有权的争议。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It was a frontier area, so unsettled that there was no real road to the plot of ground that Thomas Lincoln laid claim to.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：那是一个边境地区，非常不稳定，没有真正的道路通往托马斯·林肯声称拥有主权的那块土地。
He had to cut a path in effect for his family to follow.
他必须为他的家人开辟一条有效的道路。
Narrator: When they reached their wilderness claim, the Lincolns huddled around a fire, their nearest neighbor was more than a mile away.
旁白：当他们到达荒野时，林肯一家挤在一堆火旁，他们最近的邻居距离他们有一英里多。
Abraham later remembered his terror of the wild animals prowling the undergrowth, the howling of wolves, and the scream of panthers.
亚伯拉罕后来记得他对在灌木丛中徘徊的野兽、狼的嚎叫和豹的尖叫感到恐惧。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "The clearing away of surplus wood was the great task ahead.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“清理多余的木材是面前的艰巨任务。
I, though very young, was large for my age and had an ax put into my hands at once, and I was almost constantly handling that most useful instrument."
我虽然很年轻，但相对于我的年龄来说身材魁梧，一把斧子立刻就放到了我的手里，我几乎一直在使用那把最有用的工具。”
Narrator: Life on the frontier was punishing: the ceaseless work, the isolation, and always the threat of sickness and death.
旁白：边疆的生活是痛苦的：无休止的工作、与世隔绝，以及始终面临疾病和死亡的威胁。
In 1818, a mysterious illness spread across the Indiana countryside and found its way into the Lincoln home.
1818 年，一种神秘的疾病席卷了印第安纳州的乡村，并进入了林肯的家中。
Nancy Hanks Lincoln was just 34 when she died.
南希·汉克斯·林肯去世时年仅 34 岁。
Abraham was nine.
亚伯拉罕九岁。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He suffered deeply.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他深受痛苦。
This fed in his mind and spirit a kind of fatalism and a dark brooding.
这在他的思想和精神中滋生了一种宿命论和阴暗的沉思。
Narrator: He never got over the loss.
旁白：他从未从失落中走出来。
For the rest of his life, Abraham would struggle with depression.
亚伯拉罕的余生都在与抑郁症作斗争。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "She was my angel mother.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“她是我的天使母亲。
All that I am, or hope ever to be, I owe to her."
我现在的一切，或者我希望成为的一切，都归功于她。”
Narrator: The same year that Abraham Lincoln's mother died, in 1818, Mary Todd was born, on December 13 in Lexington, Kentucky, surrounded by luxury the young Lincoln could scarcely have imagined.
旁白：1818 年，亚伯拉罕·林肯的母亲去世的同一年，玛丽·托德于 12 月 13 日在肯塔基州列克星敦出生，周围的奢华环境是年轻的林肯几乎无法想象的。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: The world in which Mary Todd grew up could not have been more different from Abraham Lincoln's.
历史学家多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温：玛丽·托德成长的世界与亚伯拉罕·林肯的世界截然不同。
She's living in a mansion with several parlors and a dining room, separate bedrooms, servants quarters, a coach house, a beautiful garden in the back.
她住在一座豪宅里，有几间客厅和一间餐厅、独立的卧室、仆人宿舍、一间马车房，后面有一个美丽的花园。
She's got all the clothes that she needs.
她需要的衣服都有了。
And she's got all the material resources that one could have needed to feel herself a lucky young woman.
她拥有让自己感觉自己是一名幸运的年轻女性所需的一切物质资源。
Narrator: Her father was a wealthy aristocrat, Robert Todd, a descendent of the Todds who had founded Lexington less than 50 years before.
旁白：她的父亲罗伯特·托德是一位富有的贵族，是不到 50 年前创建列克星敦的托德家族的后裔。
Mary Genevieve Murphy, Todd family friend: There was a certain trait about all the Todds -- they were very proud people.
玛丽·吉纳维夫·墨菲，托德家族的朋友：托德一家都有一个共同的特点——他们都是非常自豪的人。
And I know they used to say about them, God only had one D in his name, but the Todds had to have two.
我知道他们过去常常这样说，上帝的名字里只有一个 D，但托德一家必须有两个。
Narrator: All that remains of Mary's mother, Eliza Todd, is a letter she wrote to her grandfather.
旁白：玛丽的母亲伊丽莎·托德留下的只有她写给祖父的一封信。
Little more is known about her, except that she began having babies with what was then described as "becoming regularity."
人们对她知之甚少，只知道她开始生孩子，当时被描述为“变得有规律”。
The Todds had six children.
托德夫妇有六个孩子。
Mary, the fourth, was said to be a lively, free-spirited, impetuous little girl.
老四玛丽据说是一个活泼、自由、浮躁的小女孩。
In 1825, Mary's mother died giving birth to her seventh child.
1825 年，玛丽的母亲在生第七个孩子时去世。
Mary was only six years old and had already shown signs of a high-strung, sensitive nature.
玛丽只有六岁，已经表现出高度紧张、敏感的性格。
Jean Harvey Baker, Biographer: So at six years old, she's motherless.
Jean Harvey Baker，传记作者：所以在六岁时，她就失去了母亲。
She took this very hard, according to some of the family legends, and, indeed, she was going to take all of the deaths that littered her life's course very, very hard.
根据一些家族传说，她非常难以承受这一切，而且事实上，她将非常非常艰难地承受她生命历程中所有的死亡。
Narrator: Only weeks after Mary's mother's death, Robert Todd was looking for a new wife.
旁白：玛丽的母亲去世几周后，罗伯特·托德正在寻找新妻子。
Six months later, he proposed to Elizabeth Humphreys.
六个月后，他向伊丽莎白·汉弗莱斯求婚。
The following year he married her, and began having still more children -- nine of them.
第二年，他与她结婚，并开始生下更多的孩子——其中九个。
Jean Harvey Baker, Biographer: Step-mothering, I suppose, is never easy family business, but in the case of Robert Smith Todd's second wife it was a disaster.
让·哈维·贝克（Jean Harvey Baker），传记作者：我想，继母从来都不是一件容易的家族生意，但对于罗伯特·史密斯·托德的第二任妻子来说，这就是一场灾难。
All of the first Todds hated her.
所有最初的托德都讨厌她。
Mary is certainly the most rebellious, and there are some family stories of Mary dressing up in her stepmother's clothes and her stepmother calling her "Satan's limb."
玛丽无疑是最叛逆的，有一些家庭故事说玛丽穿着继母的衣服，继母称她为“撒旦的肢体”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: There were a lot of children in thathousehold and Mary felt lost.
历史学家斯特罗泽：那个家里有很多孩子，玛丽感到迷失。
She seemed to have experienced the new mother as hateful and spiteful.
她似乎觉得这位新母亲充满仇恨和恶意。
Mary became full of rage, she became tantrumy.
玛丽变得非常愤怒，她变得脾气暴躁。
She couldn't find her place in this household.
她在这个家里找不到自己的位置。
She was screaming, crying out for attention.
她尖叫着，呼喊着寻求关注。
Narrator: Mary yearned for her father's attention most of all.
旁白：玛丽最渴望得到父亲的关注。
She saw in his marriage a betrayal.
她在他的婚姻中看到了背叛。
In the chaos of an ever-increasing family, the little girl was bereft.
在家庭日益混乱的情况下，小女孩失去了亲人。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: You have a feeling with Mary that the wounds festered and for a young girl who loved attention, who craved attention and needed support, I think there was a great sense of loss that stayed with her the rest of her life.
历史学家多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin）：你对玛丽有一种感觉，伤口正在溃烂，对于一个喜欢关注、渴望关注和需要支持的年轻女孩来说，我认为有一种巨大的失落感伴随着她的余生。
Narrator: Mary would one day say that her whole childhood had been "desolate."
旁白：有一天，玛丽会说她的整个童年都是“荒凉的”。
After Abraham's mother died, Thomas Lincoln seemed unable to care for his two grieving children.
亚伯拉罕的母亲去世后，托马斯·林肯似乎无法照顾他两个悲伤的孩子。
Overcome with misery, he went back to Kentucky leaving them behind in the care of a cousin.
他克服了痛苦，回到了肯塔基州，把他们留给了一个表弟照顾。
Six months later, he came home with a new wife, Sara Bush Johnston, recently widowed with three small children of her own.
六个月后，他带着新婚妻子萨拉·布什·约翰斯顿回家，她最近丧偶，带着三个年幼的孩子。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: She came upon this bedraggled little family in southern Indiana and looked at them and was just appalled.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：她在印第安纳州南部遇到了这个脏兮兮的小家庭，看着他们，感到震惊。
She went to work cleaning 'em up.
她去上班清理它们。
She civilized the little family that had been really almost disintegrating, created a family where there'd been none before.
她教化了这个几乎要分崩离析的小家庭，创建了一个前所未有的家庭。
Narrator: Abraham flourished under his stepmother's care.
旁白：亚伯拉罕在继母的照顾下茁壮成长。
Sara herself could not read or write, but she encouraged Abraham to get what education he could find in the Indiana backwoods.
萨拉本人不会读书或写字，但她鼓励亚伯拉罕在印第安纳州的边远地区接受他能找到的教育。
All told, Abraham had less than a year's formal schooling.
总而言之，亚伯拉罕只受过不到一年的正规教育。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "There were some schools, so called; but no qualification was ever required of a teacher, beyond readin', writin', and cipherin' to the rule of three....
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“有一些所谓的学校；但对教师没有任何资格要求，除了阅读、写作和密码三项规则之外......
There was absolutely nothing to excite ambition for education."
绝对没有什么可以激发人们对教育的雄心。”
Narrator: But Abraham was ambitious.
旁白：但是亚伯拉罕雄心勃勃。
He taught himself, poring over whatever books and newspapers he could find.
他自学，钻研他能找到的一切书籍和报纸。
His stepmother remembered that he was unusual, he had to understand everything, repeated facts to himself until they were "fixed in his mind."
他的继母记得他是不寻常的，他必须理解一切，向自己重复事实，直到它们“牢牢地印在他的脑海里”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He always regarded himself as quite different from his peers and family, smarter than most of the other people in his environment.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他总是认为自己与同龄人和家人截然不同，比周围环境中的大多数人都聪明。
There are reports that he could write out documents for what were obviously mostly illiterate neighbors.
有报道称，他可以为显然大多是文盲的邻居写文件。
He would come home from church, and he would stand on a stump and then repeat the minister's sermon but humorously to the delight of all the assembled children.
他从教堂回到家，站在树桩上，然后幽默地重复牧师的布道，让所有聚集在一起的孩子们都很高兴。
So that you see a kind of a testing, a sort of an opportunity to be special and unique, which after all he was.
这样你就会看到一种考验，一种变得特别和独特的机会，毕竟他就是这样。
Narrator: "Abe would lay on his stomach by the fire and read out loud to me and Aunt Sarah," a cousin recalled.
旁白：“阿贝会趴在火边，大声朗读给我和莎拉阿姨听，”一位表弟回忆道。
His father would come in and say, "See here, Abe, your mother can't work with you a botherin her like that," but Aunt Sarah always said it didn't bother her none, and she'd tell Abe to go on.
他的父亲会进来说：“听着，亚伯，你妈妈不能和你一起工作，这样打扰她，”但莎拉阿姨总是说这不会打扰她，她会告诉亚伯继续。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: She was kind, she was gentle, and she played a really, really important role in carrying him through his adolescence.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：她很善良，很温柔，在陪伴他度过青春期的过程中发挥了非常非常重要的作用。
Psychologically, I think, Sarah Bush Johnson saved Lincoln's life.
我认为从心理上来说，莎拉·布什·约翰逊拯救了林肯的生命。
Narrator: When Sara Lincoln was an old woman, someone asked her about her famous step-son.
旁白：当萨拉·林肯还是个老妇人时，有人问她关于她著名的继子的事。
"I never gave him a cross word in all my life," she said.
“我这辈子从来没有骂过他，”她说。
"His mind and mine -- what little I had -- seemed to move together in the same channel."
“他的思想和我的思想——我仅有的一点点——似乎在同一个频道中一起移动。”
In the year 1828, when Abraham was 19, he got a chance to earn some money helping take a flatboat loaded with cargo down the Mississippi River to New Orleans.
1828 年，亚伯拉罕 19 岁，他得到了一个赚钱的机会，帮助驾驶一艘满载货物的平底船沿着密西西比河航行到新奥尔良。
He stood six feet, four inches...
他站起来有六英尺四英寸……
strong and wiry, all arms and legs.
手臂和腿都强壮有力。
That same year, his sister Sara had died in childbirth.
同年，他的妹妹萨拉因难产而去世。
One neighbor remembered he was moody: "witty, sad, and reflective by turns."
一位邻居记得他很喜怒无常：“时而机智，时而悲伤，时而沉思。”
He'd never been to a big city.
他从来没有去过大城市。
New Orleans would be like nothing he had ever seen.
新奥尔良将是他从未见过的。
In New Orleans, Abraham saw for the first time human beings bought and sold.
在新奥尔良，亚伯拉罕第一次看到人类买卖。
In Lexington, sights like that were nothing new to Mary Todd.
在列克星敦，这样的景象对玛丽·托德来说并不新鲜。
Mary Genevieve Murphy, Todd family friend: Mary would see slaves being chained and brought in a gang.
玛丽·吉纳维夫·墨菲，托德的家人朋友：玛丽会看到奴隶被锁起来并被带入一伙。
And the auction was right there on Cheapside, was right next to the courthouse.
拍卖会就在奇普赛德，就在法院旁边。
So it was just a couple of blocks really from where they lived.
所以距离他们住的地方只有几个街区。
Narrator: For Mary, slaves were a constant presence.
旁白：对于玛丽来说，奴隶是一个持续存在的存在。
Margaret Washington, Historian: She was raised since her mother died by her Mammy Sally who coddled her, dressed her, and doted on her.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：自从她母亲去世后，她就由莎莉妈妈抚养长大，她娇惯她，为她穿衣服，溺爱她。
Mary Todd was the daughter of a slaveholder, a Whig banker, so she accepted slavery.
玛丽·托德是奴隶主、辉格党银行家的女儿，因此她接受了奴隶制。
She just simply thought it was part of life.
她只是简单地认为这是生活的一部分。
Narrator: Heated words about slavery and politics flew back and forth across the Todd dinner table.
旁白：关于奴隶制和政治的激烈言论在托德的餐桌上来来回回。
Robert Todd was a slave owner, but he argued against slavery.
罗伯特·托德是一名奴隶主，但他反对奴隶制。
Mary took her father's part and made clear that she opposed slavery too.
玛丽站在她父亲的立场上，明确表示她也反对奴隶制。
Henry Clay was a frequent guest.
亨利·克莱是这里的常客。
Leader of the Whig party, Speaker of the House longer than any other man, he too deplored slavery.
作为辉格党领袖、担任众议院议长的时间比其他任何人都长，他也对奴隶制表示谴责。
Clay burned with ambition to be President, and at 14, Mary was his fiery supporter.
克莱对当总统充满野心，14 岁的玛丽是他的坚定支持者。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Mary felt that as long as she could go to the dinner table and respond in an interesting way to her father's conversations with his male friends, he would look at her, he would pay attention to her.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：玛丽觉得，只要她能走到餐桌上，以有趣的方式回应父亲与男性朋友的谈话，他就会看着她，就会关注她。
So she developed very early on an undue sense of understanding and interest in politics, which must have made her a pretty interesting little figure.
所以她很早就对政治产生了不适当的理解力和兴趣，这一定使她成为一个非常有趣的小人物。
Narrator: As Mary grew to womanhood, she appeared high-spirited, enjoyed parties and shopping for fashionable clothes.
旁白：随着玛丽长大成人，她显得精神抖擞，喜欢参加聚会和购买时装。
Jean Harvey Baker, Biographer: What we have is an intelligent, well-dressed, somewhat spoiled young girl who was very popular with the boys.
吉恩·哈维·贝克（Jean Harvey Baker），传记作者：我们拥有的是一个聪明、衣着考究、有点被宠坏的年轻女孩，她很受男孩们的欢迎。
On the other hand, we have a young girl who stays in school longer than almost all American women do.
另一方面，我们有一个年轻女孩，她在学校的时间比几乎所有美国女性都长。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: She learned French, she learned English literature, had a classical kind of education.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：她学习了法语，她学习了英国文学，接受了古典教育。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: She was always noted for quoting poetry, great pages of classical poetry.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：她总是以引用诗歌、古典诗歌的伟大篇章而闻名。
She had an impeccable Parisian accent.
她有一口无可挑剔的巴黎口音。
For young girls in her world, she was way ahead of them.
对于她世界里的年轻女孩来说，她远远领先于她们。
Despite the emotional difficulties, easily getting lost in this huge household, she made something for herself.
尽管感情上有困难，很容易在这个大家庭中迷失，她还是为自己做了一些事情。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Having just completed my twenty-first year, we left the old homestead in Indiana and came to Illinois.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“刚刚度过了我的二十一年，我们离开了印第安纳州的老宅基地，来到了伊利诺伊州。
Our mode of conveyance was wagons drawn by ox-teams, and I drove one of the teams...."
我们的运输方式是牛队拉的马车，我驾驶其中一队……”
"We settled a new place and built a log cabin, fenced and broke the ground, and raised a crop of sown corn upon it the same year.
“我们定居在一个新地方，建造了一座小木屋，围起栅栏，破土动工，同年在上面种植了一批玉米。
In the autumn all hands were greatly afflicted with ague and fever....
到了秋天，所有的手都患上了疟疾和热病……
We remained, through the succeeding winter, which was the winter of the 'deep snow.'"
我们留了下来，度过了接下来的冬天，那是‘深雪’的冬天。”
Narrator: Another difficult move to a new homestead, another grueling round of seasons -- this was not the life Abraham Lincoln imagined for himself.
旁白：又一次艰难地搬到新家园，又经历了又一个令人精疲力尽的季节——这不是亚伯拉罕·林肯为自己想象的生活。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Lincoln spent most of his early life trying to get beyond his humble origins.
历史学家斯特罗泽：林肯早年的大部分时间都在努力超越自己卑微的出身。
He seemed to have to position himself as better than, as separate from, and really not identified with in any way what his father represented -- the kind of ignorant past out of which he had come.
他似乎必须把自己定位为比他的父亲所代表的更好，与他分离，并且实际上不以任何方式认同他父亲所代表的那种无知的过去。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He simply did not like the life that his father lived.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他根本不喜欢他父亲的生活。
Whatever happened, he was not going to be like his father.
无论发生什么，他都不会像他父亲那样。
He was going to do something to make a name for himself.
他要做一些事情来让自己出名。
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: He had a sense of himself as being different from other people from the beginning.
传记作家威尔逊：他从一开始就觉得自己与其他人不同。
He doesn't like farm work.
他不喜欢干农活。
He doesn't make any bone about it.
他并没有对此表示任何不满。
He wanted recognition.
他想要得到认可。
He aspires for something more.
他渴望更多的东西。
Narrator: At 22, Lincoln left home for good -- and rarely saw his father again.
旁白：22 岁时，林肯永远离开了家，并且很少再见到他的父亲。
He never looked back.
他从未回头。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I was a friendless, uneducated, penniless boy...
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我是一个没有朋友、没有受过教育、身无分文的男孩......
a piece of floating driftwood."
一块漂浮的浮木。”
Narrator: Lincoln eventually came to rest at New Salem in central Illinois, population 100, the biggest town he had ever lived in.
旁白：林肯最终安息在伊利诺伊州中部人口 100 的新塞勒姆，这是他居住过的最大的城镇。
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: He was a gawky fellow, ill-dressed, funny-looking, a rube they thought.
传记作者威尔逊：他是一个笨拙的家伙，衣着邋遢，长相滑稽，他们认为他是个乡巴佬。
He was rough-looking in a rough-looking crowd.
在一群粗鲁的人群中，他显得粗鲁。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He simply looked like nothing they had ever seen.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他看起来就像他们从未见过的一样。
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: A real hayseed.
传记作者威尔逊：一颗真正的干草种子。
But, as soon as he started talking you were aware that he was very literate, he was well informed.
但是，一旦他开始说话，你就会意识到他很有文化，他消息灵通。
To them he sounded educated.
对他们来说，他听起来很有教养。
Narrator: He went to work in a general store and gristmill, but that was only meant to be a stepping-stone.
旁白：他去杂货店和磨坊打工，但这只是一个踏脚石。
Just eight months after he got to town, he was running for the state legislature.
进城八个月后，他就开始竞选州立法机构议员。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "March 9, 1832 -- To the people of Sangamon County.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“1832 年 3 月 9 日——致桑加蒙县人民。
"I am young, and unknown to many of you.
“我还年轻，你们很多人都不认识我。
I was born, and have ever remained, in the most humble walks of life.
我出生并一直生活在最卑微的阶层。
I have no wealthy or popular relations to recommend me.
我没有富有或受欢迎的关系可以推荐我。
If elected I shall be unremitting in my labors to compensate.
如果当选，我将不懈努力以补偿。
But, if the good people in their wisdom shall see fit to keep me in the background, I have been too familiar with disappointments to be very much chagrined."
但是，如果善良的人们以他们的智慧认为把我留在幕后是合适的，那么我对失望太熟悉了，不会感到非常懊恼。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: What was remarkable was that having just arrived in a community where he hadn't really established himself, he should think of himself as a state legislator.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作家：值得注意的是，他刚刚来到一个尚未真正确立自己地位的社区，他应该将自己视为一名州立法者。
It tells something about a driving ambition that this young man had at an early age.
它讲述了这个年轻人从小就有的雄心壮志。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Politics was his way of breaking out of that life that he didn't want to lead.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：政治是他摆脱他不想过的生活的方式。
It was the road for a young man to become something in life that other people would respect and understand.
这是一个年轻人在生活中成为别人尊重和理解的人的道路。
Politics was the world that was available to him.
政治是他可以利用的世界。
Other worlds weren't quite as easily available.
其他世界可没那么容易到达。
That one was right within his reach.
那个人就在他触手可及的范围内。
Narrator: In 1832, Illinois politics was wide open, and Lincoln thought his chances were as good as any man's even though he had no education to speak and was just 23.
旁白：1832 年，伊利诺伊州政治完全开放，林肯认为自己的机会与任何人一样好，尽管他没有受过演讲教育，而且年仅 23 岁。
He campaigned for "the improvement of the Sangamon river." He believed government should promote economic progress.
他致力于“改善桑加蒙河”。他认为政府应该促进经济进步。
If steamboats could reach New Salem, Lincoln argued, the little settlement could become a thriving port.
林肯认为，如果汽船能够到达新塞勒姆，这个小定居点就可以成为一个繁荣的港口。
He never stood much of a chance.
他从来没有多少机会。
Running against older, better-known men, Lincoln lost.
与年长、更有名气的人竞争，林肯失败了。
But almost all his New Salem neighbors voted for him.
但几乎所有他的新塞勒姆邻居都投票给了他。
He won 277 of their 300 votes.
他赢得了 300 票中的 277 票。
Most people, who got to know Abraham Lincoln, liked him.
大多数认识亚伯拉罕·林肯的人都喜欢他。
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "My ever dear Merce...
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“我亲爱的默斯……
we expect a very gay winter, evening before last my sister gave a most agreeable party, upwards of a hundred graced the festive scene."
我们期待着一个非常欢乐的冬天，前天晚上我姐姐举办了一场非常愉快的聚会，超过一百人为节日现场增光添彩。”
Narrator: When she was 20, Mary Todd left behind the stepmother she so disliked and moved to the growing city of Springfield, Illinois.
旁白：20 岁时，玛丽·托德离开了她非常不喜欢的继母，搬到了不断发展的伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市。
She moved into the hilltop home of her sister, who had married the son of the former governor.
她搬进了姐姐在山顶的家，姐姐嫁给了前州长的儿子。
She was so charming, so flirtatious, her brother-in-law said, "she could make a bishop forget his prayers."
她是如此迷人，如此轻浮，她的姐夫说，“她可以让主教忘记他的祈祷。”
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She was amusing and funny.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：她很有趣。
She could quote from Shakespeare.
她可以引用莎士比亚的话。
She could quote from the poets, and she was steeped in politics.
她能引用诗人的名言，而且她热衷于政治。
Mary Genevieve Murphy, Todd family friend: In fact I think she intimidated some of the young men.
玛丽·吉纳维夫·墨菲，托德的家人朋友：事实上，我认为她恐吓了一些年轻人。
She was so much smarter than most of them.
她比他们中的大多数人聪明得多。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She didn't think she was pretty or attractive.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：她认为自己并不漂亮或有吸引力。
She really wasn't.
她确实不是。
She was aware of her physical shortcomings, but she was attractive enough and young enough and sprightly and intelligent to be quite a sought after young woman.
她知道自己身体上的缺点，但她足够有吸引力，足够年轻，又活泼又聪明，是一位颇受追捧的年轻女性。
Narrator: "She was a girl of much vivacity and conversation," one friend remembered, "but was subject to spells of mental depression.
旁白：“她是一个非常活泼、健谈的女孩，”一位朋友回忆道，“但她时常患有精神抑郁症。
She was either in the garret or in the cellar."
她要么在阁楼里，要么在地窖里。”
At 23, Abraham Lincoln had lost his first election, but New Salem offered other possibilities.
23 岁时，亚伯拉罕·林肯 (Abraham Lincoln) 输掉了第一次选举，但新塞勒姆提供了其他可能性。
On the frontier, a man could try his hand at things, change his mind, scramble for a living.
在边疆，一个人可以尝试各种事情，改变主意，谋生。
Judge Frank J.
法官弗兰克·J.
Williams, Chair, the Lincoln Forum: New Salem was Lincoln's college campus.
威廉姆斯，林肯论坛主席：新塞勒姆是林肯的大学校园。
There was a village poet, two doctors, a debating society, small industry.
那里有一位乡村诗人、两位医生、一个辩论社、一个小工业。
He was able to serve in a variety of professions:
他能够从事多种职业：
Narrator: Blacksmith, postmaster, surveyor, store-owner.
旁白：铁匠、邮政局长、测量员、店主。
He tried them all.
他都尝试过。
And he became everyone's friend.
他成为了每个人的朋友。
He could beat anyone at weight lifting, wrestling, horseshoes.
他可以在举重、摔跤、马蹄铁方面击败任何人。
Judge Frank J.
法官弗兰克·J.
Williams, Chair, the Lincoln Forum: And he loved to tell funny stories.
威廉姆斯，林肯论坛主席：他喜欢讲有趣的故事。
And he called himself a retail dealer because he would take the funny stories from other people, from the humorists whose works he read, but he would tell them in such a way that he would have everyone else guffawing.
他称自己为零售经销商，因为他会从其他人、从他读过的幽默作家的作品中汲取有趣的故事，但他会以一种让其他人哈哈大笑的方式讲述这些故事。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He just loved to tell jokes.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他只是喜欢讲笑话。
I mean he brought stories, he was a great storyteller.
我的意思是他带来了故事，他是一个很棒的讲故事的人。
He was a Paul Bunyanesque kind of figure.
他是保罗·班亚式的人物。
And it was an absolutely essential part of his character.
这是他性格中绝对重要的一部分。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: You always have the feeling that Lincoln, without being in motion, was not a very attractive sort of fellow, that he was the homely person that people described him as, but the moment he started talking, the moment that voice attached to his heart and to his mind, he became something entirely different.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：你总有一种感觉，林肯如果不动的话，并不是一个很有魅力的人，他是人们形容他的一个普通人，但是当他开始说话的那一刻，当那个声音附着在他的心和他的思想上的那一刻，他就变得完全不同了。
His whole body would convulse with laughter, his gray eyes lit like a lantern.
他笑得浑身颤抖，灰色的眼睛像灯笼一样闪闪发光。
The people in that town grow to respect him.
那个镇上的人们越来越尊重他。
They see him as something more than the shuffling, penniless, gangly character that he appeared when he first walked on the streets.
他们眼中的他，不仅仅是他第一次走在街上时拖着脚步、身无分文、瘦长的样子。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: It's hard to imagine that one wouldn't be attracted to the young Lincoln.
历史学家斯特罗泽：很难想象人们不会被年轻的林肯所吸引。
Narrator: Two years after his first try, he ran for state office again.
旁白：在他第一次竞选两年后，他再次竞选州公职。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "My politics are short and sweet, like the old woman's dance."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我的政治简短而甜蜜，就像老妇人的舞蹈一样。”
Narrator: This time, he won.
旁白：这一次，他赢了。
From that moment on, politics would be his life.
从那一刻起，政治就成了他的生命。
He was perfectly suited for it -- he spoke plainly and had a knack for making friends.
他非常适合这个职位——他说话直白，而且很有交朋友的本领。
He was a member of the Whig party now and was soon matching wits at the Illinois State Capital with the other law-makers, making speeches...
他现在是辉格党的成员，很快就在伊利诺伊州首府与其他立法者斗智斗勇，发表演讲……
and back room deals.
和后台优惠。
But to pay the bills, he set out to become a lawyer in the same way he had got most of his schooling -- on his own.
但为了支付账单，他开始成为一名律师，就像他大部分时间接受教育一样——自学。
He was a man of practical ambition, but he loved poetry, and spent hours brooding on lines from Shakespeare's tragedies:
他是一个有实际抱负的人，但他热爱诗歌，并花几个小时沉思莎士比亚悲剧中的台词：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Come, sealing night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day, And with thy bloody and invisible hand, Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond Which keeps me pale!
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“来吧，封印黑夜，围巾遮住可怜白天的温柔眼睛，用你那血腥而无形的手，取消并撕碎那使我苍白的伟大纽带！
Light thickens, and the crow Makes wing to the rooky wood."
光线变浓，乌鸦展翅飞向新木。”
Narrator: Lincoln would later write that he pondered the meaning of life with such "intensity of thought" that he wore ideas "thread bare" and turned them "to the bitterness of death."
旁白：林肯后来写道，他以如此“强烈的思想”思考生命的意义，以至于他将想法“剥落”，并将它们“带入死亡的痛苦”。
As Lincoln's neighbors remembered it, the rains never seemed to stop in the summer of 1835, the summer Abraham fell in love.
林肯的邻居们记得，1835 年夏天，亚伯拉罕坠入爱河的那个夏天，雨似乎从未停止过。
He was already 26, shy, awkward around women.
他已经26岁了，在女人面前害羞、尴尬。
Her name was Ann Rutledge, the 22-year-old daughter of the New Salem innkeeper.
她的名字叫安·拉特利奇 (Ann Rutledge)，22 岁，是新塞勒姆旅店老板的女儿。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Abraham Lincoln had difficulties in his relationship with women.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：亚伯拉罕·林肯在与女性的关系中遇到了困难。
He liked Ann Rutledge perhaps the more because he knew she was engaged to another man.
他也许更喜欢安·拉特利奇，因为他知道她已经和另一个男人订婚了。
This meant that there was no danger in approaching her because she belonged to somebody else.
这意味着接近她不会有危险，因为她属于别人。
Narrator: The details have long since been forgotten, but as time went by, Lincoln and Anne seemed to be drawing closer together.
旁白：细节早已被遗忘，但随着时间的推移，林肯和安妮的关系似乎越来越近。
Then, Anne became sick with what neighbors described as "brain fever" -- probably typhoid.
然后，安妮患上了邻居所说的“脑热病”——可能是伤寒。
It was said that she called Lincoln to her bedside.
据说她把林肯叫到她的床边。
A few days later, she died.
几天后，她去世了。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He responded to the loss of what seems to have been his first love with great despair, because it had to have evoked the sudden and tragic loss of his mother.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他对失去似乎是他的初恋的人感到非常绝望，因为这肯定会引起他母亲突然而悲惨的损失。
And he was adrift.
而他却漂泊不定。
He was really adrift.
他实在是飘忽不定了。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: He went into a sustained period of melancholia, seemed even emotionally unbalanced by the loss, unable to function for a long period of time.
历史学家多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin）：他陷入了持续的忧郁期，甚至因失去亲人而情绪失衡，很长一段时间无法正常工作。
Narrator: His friends feared that he would never recover, that he might even kill himself.
旁白：他的朋友们担心他永远无法康复，甚至可能自杀。
They were astonished to find the tough young man from the backwoods so tender-hearted, so undone by the loss.
他们惊讶地发现这个来自边远地区的坚强年轻人如此心地善良，因失去而如此沮丧。
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: He was strong, he was resilient, he could take on anybody.
传记作者威尔逊：他很坚强，很有弹性，他可以对抗任何人。
He wasn't afraid of anything, but he discovered something that really had the power to knock him for a loop.
他什么都不怕，但他发现了一种真正能让他震惊的东西。
He had to cope with this vulnerability that he didn't even know he had.
他必须应对这种他甚至不知道自己有的脆弱性。
Narrator: He told one friend he could not bear the idea of rain falling on Anne's grave.
旁白：他告诉一位朋友，他无法忍受雨水落在安妮的坟墓上。
When he was 28, Lincoln packed everything he owned into two saddlebags, borrowed a horse, and said goodbye forever to New Salem, the town that had given him his start.
28 岁时，林肯将自己所有的一切装进两个马鞍袋，借了匹马，并永远告别了新塞勒姆，这个让他开始事业的小镇。
He was headed to the new Illinois state capital at Springfield.
他正前往伊利诺伊州新首府斯普林菲尔德。
He had twice won re-election, become a Whig party leader, and had finally become a lawyer.
他两次赢得连任，成为辉格党领袖，最后成为一名律师。
He was, one friend remembered, "a rising man."
一位朋友回忆道，他是“一个正在崛起的人”。
By the time she was 21, Mary Todd was one of the most popular young women in Springfield, courted by eager politicians and bright young lawyers, but she wanted more.
21 岁时，玛丽·托德 (Mary Todd) 已成为斯普林菲尔德最受欢迎的年轻女性之一，受到热切的政客和聪明的年轻律师的追捧，但她想要更多。
She told her sister that she planned one day to be the "wife of a President." One evening at a party at her sister's house, Mary noticed a man, who said, "he wanted to dance with her in the worst way."
她告诉姐姐，她计划有一天成为“总统的妻子”。一天晚上，在她姐姐家的一次聚会上，玛丽注意到一个男人，他说，“他想以最糟糕的方式和她跳舞。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He is still somewhat uncouth, rather awkward, and ugly young man.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他仍然是一个有点粗鲁、相当笨拙、丑陋的年轻人。
But one who is ready to be accepted into the best social circles of the state capital.
但他已准备好进入州首府最好的社交圈。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: He sees her first dancing with a whole bunch of beaux surrounding her.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：他看到她第一次在一群花花公子围着她跳舞。
She's sensual, she's talking, really the center of attention, and here he is, still the gangly character, unsophisticated about women, unsure about women, awkward around women.
她很感性，她在说话，真的是关注的焦点，而他却在这里，仍然是那个瘦长的角色，对女人不成熟，对女人没有信心，在女人面前很尴尬。
She's five feet tall.
她有五英尺高。
He's six-feet-four, a most unlikely physical couple.
他身高六英尺四英寸，是最不可能的物理情侣。
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: She was a gentle lady, and he was just one step up from a rube.
传记作者威尔逊：她是一位温柔的女士，而他只是比乡巴佬高出一步。
She had position in society, and he didn't -- he was still a wannabe.
她在社会上有地位，而他没有——他仍然是一个想要成为的人。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Some even thought maybe he was courting her for financial advancement.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：有些人甚至认为他可能是为了经济发展而向她求爱。
But they had politics in common from the very beginning, and it got them over many a rough spot.
但他们从一开始就在政治上有共同点，这让他们克服了许多困难。
Narrator: In 1840, the Whigs nominated for President a Virginia aristocrat whose supporters liked to claim he lived in a log cabin -- William Henry Harrison.
旁白：1840年，辉格党提名一位弗吉尼亚贵族为总统，他的支持者喜欢声称他住在小木屋里——威廉·亨利·哈里森。
Lincoln stumped Illinois for him and again ran for the legislature, while Mary cheered them both on.
林肯为他击败了伊利诺伊州，并再次竞选立法机关，而玛丽则为他们俩加油。
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "I've become quite a politician, a rather unladylike profession, yet at such a crisis, whose heart could remain untouched."
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）的声音：“我已经成为一名政治家，一个相当不淑女的职业，但在这样的危机下，我的心仍能保持不受影响。”
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She loved politics for its own sake.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：她热爱政治是因为政治本身。
Because Mary liked a challenge and she liked excitement.
因为玛丽喜欢挑战，喜欢刺激。
I don't think he could find too many young women who were willing to talk about politics.
我认为他找不到太多愿意谈论政治的年轻女性。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: It's no accident that she fell in love with Abraham Lincoln.
历史学家斯特罗泽：她爱上亚伯拉罕·林肯并非偶然。
She sensed both his ambitions and his capacity to realize those ambitions of which she would be a part.
她感觉到他的野心和他实现这些野心的能力，而她也将成为其中的一部分。
Narrator: When the campaign was over, Lincoln had won, and so had his log cabin candidate William Henry Harrison.
旁白：竞选结束时，林肯获胜，他的小木屋候选人威廉·亨利·哈里森也获胜。
By then, Lincoln's friendship with Mary Todd had ripened into something more.
那时，林肯与玛丽·托德的友谊已经更加成熟。
Lincoln, Mary's sister wrote, "would listen and gaze on Mary as if drawn by some superior power." He called her Molly, she called him Mr. Lincoln.
玛丽的妹妹写道，林肯“会聆听并凝视玛丽，仿佛被某种超凡的力量所吸引”。他叫她莫莉，她叫他林肯先生。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: They shared a love of poetry.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：他们都热爱诗歌。
One can imagine them reading poetry aloud to one another and really loving it.
人们可以想象他们互相朗读诗歌并且非常喜欢它。
Not just reading it, but it touching some part of their heart.
不仅仅是阅读它，而是触动了他们内心的某些部分。
They shared a certain melancholy.
他们都有某种忧郁的情绪。
They both had these emotional moods, these blackened periods.
他们都有这些情绪化的情绪，这些黑暗的时期。
They shared a sense of loss in their mothers having died when they were young.
他们都对年轻时母亲的去世感到失落。
She somehow saw the depths of this man.
她不知怎的，看出了这个男人的深沉。
She saw inside of Lincoln.
她看到了林肯的内心。
Narrator: Not long after Election Day, Lincoln asked Mary to marry him, and she agreed.
旁白：选举日后不久，林肯向玛丽求婚，她同意了。
Then, just a few weeks later, he abruptly told her he had changed his mind.
然后，仅仅几周后，他突然告诉她他改变了主意。
He wrote a friend that the thought of marriage was "indescribably horrible and alarming."
他写信给一位朋友说，婚姻的想法“难以形容的可怕和令人震惊”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He was a very confused young man struggling for love and intimacy.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他是一个非常困惑的年轻人，为爱情和亲密而奋斗。
This is not a man who easily established intimate relationships.
这不是一个轻易就能建立亲密关系的男人。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He did not know how to make close bonds with really anybody.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他不知道如何与任何人建立密切的联系。
He never told his private thoughts.
他从来不说出自己的私人想法。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: He's terrified of getting married.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：他害怕结婚。
His insecurity with women, his concern about intimacy, all made him, I think, just shy away from this commitment.
我认为，他对女性的不安全感，他对亲密关系的担忧，都让他回避了这一承诺。
There must have been a feeling that if he did give himself over to a woman again, as he had to his mother, as he had to Ann Rutledge, that perhaps the only result of that would be the loss of this woman that he loved.
一定有一种感觉，如果他真的再次把自己交给一个女人，就像他对他的母亲，就像他对安·拉特利奇那样，也许唯一的结果就是失去这个他所爱的女人。
Narrator: Lincoln again fell into a black depression.
旁白：林肯再次陷入了黑色的抑郁之中。
He spent days locked in his room, unable to move, unable to sleep.
他连续几天被锁在房间里，无法动弹，无法入睡。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I am now the most miserable man living.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我现在是世上最悲惨的人。
If what I feel were equally distributed to the whole human family, there would not be one cheerful face on the earth.
如果我的感受平均分配给整个人类大家庭，地球上就不会有一张快乐的脸了。
Whether I shall ever be better I cannot tell, I awfully forebode I shall not.
我不知道我是否会变得更好，我非常预感我不会。
To remain as I am is impossible; I must die or be better."
保持原样是不可能的；我必须死，或者变得更好。”
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: They took the razors out of his room because they were afraid he was going to commit suicide.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他们从他的房间里拿走了剃须刀，因为他们担心他会自杀。
And he was in utter despair, utter and total despair.
他陷入了彻底的绝望，彻底的绝望。
Narrator: Mary eventually re-appeared in Springfield society.
旁白：玛丽最终重新出现在斯普林菲尔德社会。
Lincoln did his best to avoid her.
林肯竭尽全力避开她。
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "He deems me unworthy of notice.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“他认为我不值得关注。
I would that the case were different, that he would once more resume his station in society, that he should be himself again."
我希望情况有所不同，希望他能再次恢复他在社会上的地位，他应该再次成为他自己。”
Narrator: Despite Lincoln's rejection, Mary waited.
旁白：尽管林肯拒绝了，玛丽还是等待着。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: There's absolutely no indication that he asked her to wait for him.
Strozier，历史学家：绝对没有迹象表明他让她等他。
On the contrary, there's every indication that he was not in touch with her at all and she waited through all of 1841 and half of 1842.
相反，一切迹象表明他根本没有与她联系，而她则等待了 1841 年一整年和 1842 年的一半时间。
She waited for an entire year-and-half for him to wrestle his demons to the ground before he would come back to her.
她等了整整一年半，等他将心中的恶魔摔倒在地，然后他才回到她身边。
Narrator: On November 4, 1842, to everyone's surprise, Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd stood side by side and exchanged vows.
旁白：1842年11月4日，令所有人惊讶的是，亚伯拉罕·林肯和玛丽·托德并肩站着，交换了誓言。
They were beginning a marriage which would be, at times, even more turbulent than their courtship.
他们开始了一段婚姻，有时甚至比他们的求爱还要动荡。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Nothing new here except my marrying, which to me is a matter of profound wonder."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“除了我的结婚之外，这里没有什么新鲜事，这对我来说是一件令人深感惊奇的事情。”
Narrator: The only house the Lincolns ever owned stood on the corner of Eighth and Jackson streets in downtown Springfield.
旁白：林肯家族拥有的唯一一栋房子位于斯普林菲尔德市中心第八街和杰克逊街的拐角处。
Lincoln scraped together $1,200 to buy it in 1844.
1844 年，林肯凑了 1,200 美元买下了它。
Here Abraham and Mary would live for the next 17 years, share the everyday routines of married life, raise a family.
亚伯拉罕和玛丽在这里度过了接下来的 17 年，分享婚姻生活的日常生活，组建家庭。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He moved quickly from living literally in log cabins to living in a house which by any standards represents the upper middle class of mid-19th Century America.
斯特罗齐尔，历史学家：他很快就从真正的小木屋生活转变为居住在以任何标准衡量都代表 19 世纪中叶美国中上层阶级的房子里。
This is a guy who, once he left the prairie and once he got out of New Salem, he never went back.
这个人一旦离开草原、离开新塞勒姆，就再也没有回去过。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Abraham Lincoln was certainly unschooled in the social niceties.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：亚伯拉罕·林肯显然没有受过社交礼仪方面的教育。
Sometimes his shirts didn't match or his trousers were too short, and she groomed him in terms of his appearance with one thing in mind that he should physically live up in his appearance to the greatness of his mind.
有时他的衬衫不相配，或者他的裤子太短，她会根据他的外表来打扮他，记住一件事，就是他的外表应该与他心灵的伟大相匹配。
Narrator: Nine months after their wedding, their first child, Robert Todd Lincoln, was born.
旁白：他们结婚九个月后，他们的第一个孩子罗伯特·托德·林肯出生了。
A second son, Edward, came three years later.
三年后，第二个儿子爱德华出生。
Lincoln now took to calling Mary "Mother."
林肯现在开始称呼玛丽为“母亲”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He was a father, which was very important to him.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他是一位父亲，这对他来说非常重要。
He found love and affection with Mary.
他与玛丽找到了爱和感情。
He adored her.
他很喜欢她。
How can one minimize the significance of finding love and affection from somebody?
一个人怎样才能淡化从某人那里寻找爱和感情的重要性呢？
And to be able to love somebody, as well as be loved in return.
并且能够爱某人，并得到回报。
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: He became a different man after his marriage.
传记作家威尔逊：婚后他变成了另一个人。
He didn't have to worry about his place in society.
他不必担心自己在社会中的地位。
He didn't have to worry about courtship.
他不必担心求爱的问题。
He didn't have to worry about getting along with women.
他不用担心与女人相处的问题。
He could concentrate on the things that he did best, which was the man's world of politics.
他可以专注于自己最擅长的事情，这就是男人的政治世界。
Narrator: Lincoln continued to build his reputation as a politician, while his work as a lawyer spread his name across the state.
旁白：林肯继续建立他作为政治家的声誉，而他作为律师的工作使他的名声传遍了全州。
He rode the circuit from county courthouse to county courthouse, getting to know voters all across Illinois, and picking up clients wherever he could find them.
他骑着自行车从一个县法院到另一个县法院，结识了伊利诺伊州各地的选民，并在任何他能找到的地方接待客户。
Judge Frank J.
法官弗兰克·J.
Williams, Chair, the Lincoln Forum: He liked to get out among the people.
威廉姆斯，林肯论坛主席：他喜欢融入人群。
And he liked the art form of being a trial lawyer, of getting into a county seat the night before the case was to be heard, meeting with clients, one or two law books, very few pieces of stationery and ink, and doing up a case very quickly and effectively.
他喜欢作为出庭律师的艺术形式，在案件审理前一天晚上进入县城，会见客户，拿着一两本法律书籍，很少的文具和墨水，然后非常快速有效地办案。
In fact, he became so good at being a lawyer that he was referred cases by lawyers who lived in these county seats.
事实上，他非常擅长成为一名律师，以至于居住在这些县城的律师都向他转介了案件。
You'd go to the tavern the night before the case was to be heard.
你会在案件审理前一天晚上去小酒馆。
There's maybe a fire going in the fireplace.
壁炉里可能着火了。
The food was dismal.
食物很惨淡。
You had four or five lawyers to a bed, three beds to a room.
一张床上有四五个律师，一个房间有三张床。
There was a camaraderie.
有一种友情。
This was a very male oriented culture, and Lincoln loved that.
这是一种非常以男性为中心的文化，林肯喜欢这一点。
At night, he would swap stories with the other lawyers while the townspeople looked on laughing.
晚上，他会和其他律师交换故事，而镇上的人们则在一旁大笑。
No one made them laugh harder than Lincoln.
没有人比林肯更让他们笑得更厉害了。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: His favorite jokes were ones, which made him look bad or foolish, or jokes about his ugliness, jokes about his height.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他最喜欢的笑话是那些让他看起来很糟糕或愚蠢的笑话，或者关于他的丑陋的笑话，关于他的身高的笑话。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He might say, "Well, I guess you wonder why I'm here, and I sometime wonder myself why I'm here, and I'm reminded of the day back in Indiana when I was out chopping wood in the forest and a woman came by on a horse, and she stopped and she looked at me and said, 'My, you're the ugliest man I ever saw.' And I said to her, 'Well, ma'am, there isn't a lot I can do about it.' And she said, 'Well, you could have stayed at home.' "
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作家：他可能会说，“好吧，我想你想知道我为什么在这里，有时我也想知道我自己为什么在这里，我想起了在印第安纳州的一天，当时我在森林里砍柴，一个女人骑着马走过，她停下来看着我说，‘天啊，你是我见过的最丑的男人。’”我对她说：“好吧，女士，对此我无能为力。”她说：“好吧，你本可以呆在家里。” ”
Douglas L.
道格拉斯·L.
Wilson, Biographer: He liked to make people laugh and apparently he always laughed as loud as anybody.
传记作者威尔逊：他喜欢让人发笑，显然他总是笑得和任何人一样大声。
In spite of the fact that he was the funniest storyteller around, he was also a very gloomy man.
尽管他是周围最有趣的讲故事的人，但他也是一个非常阴郁的人。
Narrator: Lincoln told stories, a friend said, "to whistle away the sadness." He was often withdrawn, given to spells of depression, which he called "the hypo."
旁白：林肯讲故事，一位朋友说，“是为了吹走悲伤”。他经常性格孤僻，患有抑郁症，他称之为“低血压”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Depression separates you from other people in profound ways.
历史学家斯特罗泽：抑郁症使你与其他人有着深刻的区别。
It is lonely, and it's isolating, and Lincoln's use of humor was an effective way to fight that, to fend it off.
它是孤独的，也是孤立的，而林肯运用幽默是对抗、抵御它的有效方法。
It was a deeply human kind of humor that connected with people, that deepened the bonds in whatever audience he found himself.
这是一种深刻的人性化幽默，能够与人建立联系，加深与他发现的任何观众的联系。
And for him it was vital to whistle off sadness because it helped keep the depression at bay.
对他来说，吹口哨驱除悲伤至关重要，因为这有助于抑制抑郁。
Narrator: While Lincoln rode the circuit, Mary stayed home with the children -- where she found it hard going without her husband.
旁白：林肯环游赛道时，玛丽和孩子们待在家里——她发现没有丈夫的陪伴她很难过下去。
She was haunted by fears of burglars, dogs, lightning storms.
对窃贼、狗和雷暴的恐惧一直困扰着她。
She suffered from blinding headaches, migraines that sent her to bed for days.
她患有令人眩晕的头痛和偏头痛，这让她连续几天卧床不起。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Whenever Lincoln left Mary, she experienced it as abandonment, pure and simple.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：每当林肯离开玛丽时，她都会经历一种纯粹而简单的遗弃。
She desperately yearned for him to be more available than he was.
她迫切地渴望他比现在更容易相处。
Now for the most part in the early years of their relationship, he did seem to meet most of those needs in her.
现在，在他们关系的最初几年里，他似乎确实满足了她的大部分需求。
Narrator: When he could, Lincoln tried to calm her, running home from his law office during the lightning storms that so disturbed her.
旁白：在可能的情况下，林肯试图让她平静下来，在令她心烦意乱的雷雨天气中，他从律师办公室跑回家。
But he was incapable of giving her everything she needed.
但他无法给她她所需要的一切。
He "was not a demonstrative man," she once said.
她曾经说过，他“不是一个外向的人”。
"When he felt most deeply, he expressed the least."
“当他感受最深的时候，他表达得最少。”
Mark E.
马克·E。
Neely Jr., Historian: Everybody liked him, no one was particularly close to him.
小尼利，历史学家：每个人都喜欢他，但没有人与他特别亲近。
So that his law partner, who sat in the law office with him every day for 16 years, when it was all said and done and asked about it, said Lincoln was the most shut-mouthed man I ever knew.
因此，他的律师合伙人，16年来每天和他一起坐在律师事务所，当一切都说了、做了、问过之后，他说林肯是我所认识的最守口如瓶的人。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: And Mary blurted everything out.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：玛丽把一切都脱口而出。
She blurted it out in letters to her friends.
她在给朋友的信中脱口而出。
She talked and talked and talked.
她一直说啊说啊。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: I think Mary desperately yearned to have him there every moment.
历史学家斯特罗泽：我认为玛丽每时每刻都极度渴望他在那里。
And yet in her own confusions when he was there she would often get incredibly frustrated with his withdrawal.
然而，当他在场时，她自己也很困惑，她常常会因为他的退出而感到无比沮丧。
Narrator: Lincoln never lost sight of his political career, and in 1844, when a group of Whigs invited him to speak in Indiana, he accepted.
旁白：林肯从未忘记他的政治生涯，1844 年，当一群辉格党邀请他到印第安纳州演讲时，他接受了。
But this would be more than a political journey.
但这不仅仅是一次政治之旅。
It would be a journey back into his past.
这将是一次回到他过去的旅程。
Lincoln's boyhood home was not very far from Springfield, but he had never gone back, as if he were afraid to revisit the scene of his mother's death.
林肯儿时的家离斯普林菲尔德不是很远，但他从来没有回去过，仿佛害怕重温母亲去世的场景。
Now 35 years old -- lawyer, legislator, husband, and father -- he felt he was ready.
现在 35 岁了——律师、立法者、丈夫和父亲——他觉得自己已经准备好了。
Lincoln never pretended to be a poet, but flooded by painful memories, he tried to turn his feelings into verse.
林肯从来没有假装自己是一位诗人，但痛苦的回忆淹没了他，他试图将自己的感受转化为诗句。
Voice of Abraham Lincoln (David Morse): Near 20 years have passed away Since here I bid farewell To woods and fields, and scenes of play, And playmates loved so well.
亚伯拉罕·林肯（大卫·莫尔斯）配音： 距此已过去近20年了，我告别了树林、田野、玩耍的场景，以及深爱的玩伴。
The friends I left that parting day, How changed, as time has sped!
离别那天离开的朋友们，随着时间的流逝，发生了多么大的变化！
Young childhood grown, strong manhood gray, And half of all are dead.
年轻的童年已长大，坚强的男子气概已灰白，一半人都死了。
I range the fields with pensive tread, And pace the hollow rooms, And feel (companion of the dead) I'm living in the tombs.
我沉思地走遍田野，在空荡荡的房间里踱步，感觉（死者的同伴）我住在坟墓里。
Narrator: Lincoln was discovering that language could help him confront his darkest nightmares.
旁白：林肯发现语言可以帮助他面对最黑暗的噩梦。
All his life, he would wrestle with words, struggling first to give expression to his own feelings and then to those of his fellow countrymen.
他一生都在与语言斗争，首先努力表达自己的感受，然后表达同胞的感受。
Voice of Abraham Lincoln (David Morse): "Now if you should hear anyone say that Lincoln don't want to go to Congress, I wish you would tell him you have reason to believe he is mistaken.
亚伯拉罕·林肯（大卫·莫尔斯）的声音：“现在，如果你听到有人说林肯不想去国会，我希望你能告诉他你有理由相信他错了。
The truth is, I would like to go very much."
事实是，我非常想去。”
Narrator: In 1846, Lincoln ran for Congress and was elected as a Whig to the House of Representatives.
旁白：1846年，林肯竞选国会议员，并作为辉格党议员当选为众议院议员。
At last, he had arrived.
终于，他来了。
Sometime that year, the new Congressman and his wife proudly sat for their first photographs.
那年的某个时候，新任国会议员和他的妻子自豪地坐下来拍摄他们的第一张照片。
Lincoln was 37, Mary 28.
林肯 37 岁，玛丽 28 岁。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He is dressed up to have his picture taken because he is a man of importance.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他盛装打扮去拍照，因为他是一个重要的人。
And yet you look at him and you still say, "This is a pretty rough character.
然而你看着他，你仍然会说：“这是一个相当粗鲁的角色。
I'm not sure how far he can go."
我不确定他能走多远。”
But you take a look at those eyes and you say, "Ah, he thinks he's going somewhere, and he's really very pleased with himself." His hair is slicked down on his head.
但你看着那些眼睛，你会说：“啊，他认为他要去某个地方，他真的对自己很满意。”他的头发光滑地垂在头上。
It would never stay there more than five minutes, but just long enough for this photograph.
它永远不会在那里停留超过五分钟，但对于这张照片来说已经足够了。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: You have the feeling that Mary had a brush with her right before this picture was taken and she pushed it down so far that it doesn't even look like him.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：你有一种感觉，在这张照片拍摄之前，玛丽与她擦肩而过，她把它推得太远，以至于看起来根本不像他。
She looks very well put together.
她看起来搭配得非常好。
She looks stylish.
她看起来很时尚。
There's an affectionate look on her face.
她的脸上满是深情的表情。
There is a sensual quality to the way she's looking out at the world.
她看待世界的方式带有一种感性的品质。
She's dressed perfectly, in silk, in lace.
她穿着丝绸、蕾丝，非常完美。
This is a woman who's established herself.
这是一个已经确立了自己地位的女人。
You get the feeling that they've come somewhere together.
你会感觉他们已经走到一起了。
He's been elected to the Congress.
他被选入国会。
He was moving on to national politics, and "Beware World.
他正在转向国家政治，并“小心世界”。
We're coming!"
我们来了！”
Narrator: In 1847, Congressman Elect Abraham Lincoln, his wife Mary, and their sons, Robert and Eddy, arrived in the nation's capital.
旁白：1847 年，当选国会议员亚伯拉罕·林肯、他的妻子玛丽以及他们的儿子罗伯特和艾迪抵达美国首都。
The city was alive with excitements to dazzle a provincial couple: lectures and plays, concerts by the Marine Band.
这座城市充满了让一对外省夫妇眼花缭乱的兴奋：讲座、戏剧、海军乐队的音乐会。
With its 50,000 people -- more than 3,000 of them slaves -- Washington was the largest city either of them had ever lived in.
华盛顿拥有 50,000 人口（其中 3,000 多名奴隶），是他们居住过的最大的城市。
All four Lincolns moved into a single large room in a crowded boarding house, and Lincoln began his career as a Congressman.
林肯一家四口搬进了一间拥挤的寄宿公寓的一个大房间，林肯开始了他作为国会议员的职业生涯。
Judge Frank J.
法官弗兰克·J.
Williams, Chair, the Lincoln Forum: If you look at the Congressional Directory that he filled out himself, during his only term in Congress they have a section that says "education." And he wrote in "defective."
威廉姆斯，林肯论坛主席：如果你看一下他自己填写的国会目录，在他在国会的唯一任期内，他们有一个部分写着“教育”。他写道“有缺陷”。
Narrator: But Lincoln was in his element: delighting in cloakroom politics, learning how Washington worked, sending home more than 7,500 copies of his speeches, carefully addressing every envelope by hand.
旁白：但林肯却如鱼得水：热衷于衣帽间政治，了解华盛顿的运作方式，将 7,500 多份演讲稿寄回家，仔细地亲手写好每个信封的地址。
"Politics were his life," his law partner remembered, "newspapers his food, and his great ambition his motive power....
“政治是他的生命，”他的律师合伙人回忆道，“报纸是他的食物，他的远大抱负是他的动力......
He delighted in politics, he reveled in it, as a fish does in water, as a bird disports itself on the sustaining air."
他热爱政治，陶醉其中，就像鱼在水中，鸟儿在空气中嬉戏一样。”
But while Lincoln flourished, Mary found only disappointment.
然而，当林肯事业蒸蒸日上时，玛丽却感到失望。
She had come to Washington, a friend said, hoping "to loom largely," but with her husband away all day, she was left alone with two small, restless, noisy boys.
一位朋友说，她来到华盛顿，希望能“大显身手”，但她的丈夫一整天都不在家，只剩下她和两个焦躁、吵闹的小男孩。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Most wives just stayed at home, especially for first term congressman before you were sure how things were going to turn out.
传记作家琳达·莱维特·特纳：大多数妻子都呆在家里，尤其是第一任国会议员，在你确定事情会如何发展之前。
But Mary was determined to come along and they ended up in a boarding house with a lot of other crusty old politicians.
但玛丽决心要一起去，最后他们和许多其他脾气暴躁的老政客一起住在一个寄宿处。
And it was a very difficult time for her.
这对她来说是一段非常困难的时期。
She realized nobody was going to make a fuss over her husband, and what was she going to do with these two children, one was barely an infant.
她意识到没有人会对她的丈夫大惊小怪，她该怎么办这两个孩子，其中一个还只是婴儿。
Narrator: Confined to a boarding house, with nowhere to entertain and nothing to do, Mary consoled herself by shopping, sometimes spending too much.
旁白：玛丽被关在寄宿处，无处可娱乐，无事可做，她通过购物来安慰自己，有时花得太多。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She had this habit of living beyond her means, of spending rather recklessly and of having a very slippery regard for debts.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：她有入不敷出的习惯，花钱相当鲁莽，而且对债务的态度非常谨慎。
And she was keeping it from her husband.
而且她一直瞒着她的丈夫。
Narrator: After just three months, she packed her bags, took the boys, and went back to her family home in Kentucky.
旁白：仅仅三个月后，她就收拾好行李，带着孩子们回到了肯塔基州的老家。
With Mary gone, Lincoln lost himself in national politics.
玛丽去世后，林肯在国家政治中迷失了自己。
But no one in Washington paid any attention to his speeches or his proposals.
但华盛顿没有人关注他的演讲或他的建议。
He was frustrated and lonely.
他感到沮丧和孤独。
Voice of Abraham Lincoln (David Morse): "Dear Mary, In this troublesome world, we are never quite satisfied.
亚伯拉罕·林肯（大卫·莫尔斯）的声音：“亲爱的玛丽，在这个充满麻烦的世界上，我们永远不会感到满足。
When you were here, I thought you hindered me some in attending to business; but now, having nothing but business....
当你在这里的时候，我以为你妨碍了我处理事务；但现在，除了生意，一无所有……
It has grown exceedingly tasteless to me.
它对我来说已经变得非常无味了。
I hate to stay in this old room by myself."
我讨厌一个人呆在这个旧房间里。”
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "My dear Husband, I feel wearied and tired enough to know that this is Saturday night, our babies are asleep....
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）的声音：“我亲爱的丈夫，我感到疲倦和疲倦，知道这是星期六晚上，我们的孩子已经睡着了......
How much I wish instead of writing we were together this evening, I feel very sad away from you."
我多么希望今晚我们在一起，而不是写下我们在一起，离开你我感到非常悲伤。”
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "What did Bobby and Eddy think of the little letters father sent them?
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“鲍比和艾迪对父亲寄给他们的小信有什么看法？
Don't let the blessed fellows forget father."
不要让有福的人们忘记父亲。”
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "Do not fear the children have forgotten you, I was only jesting -- even Eddy's eyes brighten at the mention of your name."
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“别担心孩子们忘记了你，我只是在开玩笑——甚至艾迪在提到你的名字时眼睛都会发光。”
Voice of Abraham Lincoln (David Morse): "My dear Wife, Last Wednesday, P.H.
亚伯拉罕·林肯（大卫·莫尔斯）的声音：“我亲爱的妻子，上周三，P.H.
Hood & Co. dunned me for a little bill of $5.38 cents and Walter Harper and Co. another for $8.50 ...for goods which they say you bought.
Hood & Co. 向我催收了 5.38 美分的小帐单，Walter Harper and Co. 又向我催收了 8.50 美元……他们说是您购买的商品。
I hesitated to pay them because my recollection is that you told me...there was nothing left unpaid....
我犹豫是否要付钱给他们，因为我记得你告诉我……没有什么未付的……
Kiss and love the dear rascals.
亲吻并爱这些亲爱的流氓。
Affectionately, A.
深情地，A.
Lincoln"
林肯”
Narrator: In the fall of 1848, Lincoln set out for New England to help whip up support for the Whig candidate for President General Zachary Taylor.
旁白：1848 年秋天，林肯出发前往新英格兰，帮助争取辉格党总统候选人扎卡里·泰勒的支持。
Mary and the boys came along, too.
玛丽和孩子们也跟着来了。
They toured Massachusetts and New York, then set out to see Niagara Falls.
他们游览了马萨诸塞州和纽约，然后出发去看尼亚加拉大瀑布。
There Lincoln, still experimenting with words, tried to describe his feelings:
林肯仍在尝试用言语来描述他的感受：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Niagara is strong, and fresh today as ten thousand years ago.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“今天的尼亚加拉瀑布就像一万年前一样强劲而新鲜。
The Mammoth and mastodon -- now so long dead, that fragments of their monstrous bones alone testify that they ever lived, have gazed on Niagara."
猛犸象和乳齿象——现在已经死了很久了，它们巨大的骨头碎片就证明它们曾经存在过，它们凝视着尼亚加拉。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln attempted a rhapsody on Niagara Falls, all about this torrential water and the turbulence and the excitement, what is all portended.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：林肯试图对尼亚加拉大瀑布进行狂想曲，讲述这股汹涌的水流、湍流和兴奋，以及一切所预示的一切。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): In that long, long, time, never still for a single moment.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：在那漫长、漫长的时间里，一刻也没有静止过。
Never dried, never froze, never slept, never rested...."
从未干燥，从未结冰，从未睡觉，从未休息......”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He broke off in the middle of it.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他说到一半就中断了。
This was clearly not his thing.
这显然不是他的事。
Narrator: Lincoln never finished his meditation.
旁白：林肯从未完成他的冥想。
He was still learning how to write, still falling short of the mark, still searching for his own voice.
他仍在学习如何写作，仍在达不到目标，仍在寻找自己的声音。
Zachary Taylor was elected President on Nov.
扎卡里·泰勒于 11 月当选总统。
7.
7.
Four months later took the oath of office.
四个月后宣誓就职。
Lincoln went to the Inaugural Ball, but his own term in Congress had expired the day before.
林肯参加了就职舞会，但他在国会的任期已于前一天到期。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln's one term in Congress was a learning experience.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：林肯在国会的一个任期是一次学习经历。
That's about all you can say for it.
你能说的就这么多了。
He had no concrete accomplishments.
他没有具体的成就。
He thought pretty much that his political career was dead.
他几乎认为他的政治生涯已经结束了。
Lincoln had promised to serve only one term.
林肯曾承诺只任职一届。
Illinois was overwhelmingly Democratic, and the chance to run for the State's only Whig Congressional seat now went to another Whig.
伊利诺伊州绝大多数是民主党人，竞选该州唯一辉格党国会席位的机会现在落到了另一位辉格党手中。
So what political future could an obscure Illinois ex-Congressmen have?
那么，一位默默无闻的伊利诺伊州前国会议员会有怎样的政治前途呢？
He was depressed, and he went home essentially defeated and largely withdrawing from politics for the next few years.
他很沮丧，回家时基本上是失败的，并在接下来的几年里基本上退出了政坛。
Narrator: The Lincolns had been home just nine months when they were struck a devastating blow.
旁白：林肯一家刚回家九个月就遭受了毁灭性的打击。
Three-year-old Eddy Lincoln became dangerously ill with tuberculosis.
三岁的艾迪·林肯患有肺结核，病情危重。
For 52 days and nights, his parents took turns sitting by his bedside.
52个日日夜夜，父母轮流守在他的床边。
On February 1, 1850, Eddy died.
1850 年 2 月 1 日，艾迪去世。
Mary collapsed.
玛丽崩溃了。
Her father had died the previous summer, followed a few months later by her beloved grandmother.
她的父亲于去年夏天去世，几个月后，她深爱的祖母也去世了。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: It took everything out of her.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：这夺走了她的一切。
And for the first time you began to see the side of her nature that refused to be comforted, that refused to accept.
你第一次开始看到她本性中拒绝被安慰、拒绝接受的一面。
Narrator: Mary stopped eating.
旁白：玛丽停止进食。
Lincoln, even as he grieved, reached out to comfort her.
林肯虽然悲伤，但仍伸出手来安慰她。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Eat, Mary, for we must live."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“吃吧，玛丽，因为我们必须活下去。”
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: It's as though Mary's despair is so total and so complete that it swallows up the capacity for him to grieve as well.
历史学家斯特罗泽：玛丽的绝望似乎如此彻底，以至于吞噬了他悲伤的能力。
What you see with Lincoln is not a disappearance of depression, but you find that he's able to control the depths to which he sinks.
你在林肯身上看到的并不是抑郁症的消失，而是你发现他能够控制自己陷入的深度。
Narrator: Ten months after Eddy's death William Wallace Lincoln was born, "Willy," who was to become his mother and father's favorite and seemed an almost miraculous replacement for the boy they had lost.
旁白：艾迪死后十个月，威廉·华莱士·林肯出生，绰号“威利”，他后来成为他父母的最爱，似乎几乎是他们失去的男孩的奇迹般的替代者。
Thomas, their fourth son, was born in 1853.
他们的第四个儿子托马斯出生于 1853 年。
His father nicknamed him Tad because his large head and small body reminded him of a Tadpole.
他的父亲给他起了个绰号“泰德”，因为他的大头和小身体让他想起了蝌蚪。
Lincoln was now more deeply involved in the law then he had ever been, arguing before the Illinois Supreme Court and earning the largest fees of his life as attorney for the Illinois Central Railroad.
林肯现在比以往任何时候都更加深入地参与法律，在伊利诺伊州最高法院进行辩论，并作为伊利诺伊州中央铁路的律师赚取了他一生中最大的费用。
But he continued to keep up with the old, unresolved issue that had now begun to consume the country.
但他继续关注这个尚未解决的老问题，这个问题现在已经开始困扰这个国家。
Slavery, which had divided America since its beginning, was threatening to tear it apart.
奴隶制从一开始就分裂了美国，现在正威胁着将其撕裂。
Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Law that gave slave owners the right to recapture run-away slaves.
国会通过了《逃亡奴隶法》，赋予奴隶主重新捕获逃亡奴隶的权利。
Abolitionists vowed to defy it.
废奴主义者发誓要反抗它。
As African Americans were hunted down in the North, anti-slavery sentiment grew.
随着非裔美国人在北方遭到追捕，反奴隶制情绪日益高涨。
Lincoln's law partner William Herndon, an ardent abolitionist, remembered constantly urging Lincoln to speak out against slavery.
林肯的律师合伙人威廉·赫恩登（William Herndon）是一位热心的废奴主义者，他记得自己经常敦促林肯公开反对奴隶制。
But Lincoln believed above all in what he called "reason -- cold, calculating, unimpassioned -- reason."
但林肯首先相信他所说的“理性——冷酷、精于算计、不带感情色彩的理性”。
"Billy," Lincoln said, "you're too rampant and spontaneous."
“比利，”林肯说，“你太猖狂、太任性了。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He hoped that slavery would be ended.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他希望奴隶制能够结束。
He believed it would be ended in time, but he felt that you couldn't just say, "Let it be done," and have slavery ended.
他相信这会及时结束，但他觉得你不能只是说“让它完成吧”，然后奴隶制就结束了。
There was nothing anybody could do about it except to say, as Lincoln himself had said, that "We deplore the institution."
对此，任何人都无能为力，只能像林肯本人所说的那样，“我们对这个机构感到遗憾”。
Narrator: As the country seethed, Lincoln continued quietly to practice the law.
旁白：当国家沸腾时，林肯继续默默地践行法律。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: His legal career is flourishing.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温 (Doris Kearns Goodwin)，历史学家：他的法律事业蒸蒸日上。
He's doing very well.
他做得很好。
He's getting more respected.
他越来越受到尊重。
He's making money.
他正在赚钱。
He's happy that that's happening but not really passionately fulfilled by that because his desires are elsewhere, and they're not being met by legal success.
他很高兴这种情况发生，但并没有真正热情地满足，因为他的愿望在其他地方，并且没有通过法律上的成功来满足。
Narrator: Mary Lincoln was unhappy too.
旁白：玛丽·林肯也很不高兴。
Her behavior since Eddy's death had become increasingly erratic.
自从艾迪死后，她的行为变得越来越不稳定。
She fired servant after servant, lashed out at neighbors and at her husband.
她解雇了一个又一个的仆人，猛烈地攻击邻居和她的丈夫。
Lincoln was often away now, sometimes half the year riding the circuit.
林肯现在经常外出，有时半年都在赛道上骑行。
Even when he was home, he could remain distant and withdrawn.
即使他在家，他也会保持距离和孤僻。
The political dreams the Lincolns had always shared seemed to be going nowhere.
林肯家族一直以来的政治梦想似乎毫无进展。
Once, when he was reading his newspaper in front of the fire, and paid no attention when Mary twice asked him to bring in more logs, she hurled a chunk of wood at his head.
有一次，当他在火炉前看报纸时，玛丽两次要求他拿更多的木头，但他没有注意，她把一块木头扔到了他的头上。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: There are clearly developing signs of Mary's fragility.
历史学家斯特罗泽：玛丽的脆弱有明显的迹象。
She wants him to be involved in her life, to care, to attend to her, to listen to her.
她希望他参与她的生活，关心她，照顾她，倾听她的声音。
And her frustration leads to rage.
她的沮丧导致了愤怒。
Narrator: Friends noticed that Lincoln now seemed even more tinged by sadness than usual.
旁白：朋友们注意到林肯现在看起来比平时更加悲伤。
His marriage was troubled, and his political career at a standstill.
他的婚姻陷入困境，他的政治生涯也陷入停滞。
His law partner remembered "melancholy dripped from him as he walked."
他的律师合伙人回忆道，“他走路时流露出忧郁的情绪”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He's a man with great aspirations, but nothing to show for it yet.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他是一个有远大抱负的人，但目前还没有什么表现。
It was incredibly frustrating for somebody who dreamed of greatness to be a nothing in the public realm.
对于一个梦想伟大的人来说，在公共领域变得一无是处是令人难以置信的沮丧。
Narrator: Then, the Democratic Senator from Illinois, Stephen A.
旁白：然后，来自伊利诺伊州的民主党参议员 Stephen A.
Douglas, the man they called the "Little Giant," changed everything.
道格拉斯，这个被他们称为“小巨人”的人，改变了一切。
Until 1854, despite the fiery disagreements over slavery, there was still a fragile balance of power between North and South.
直到 1854 年，尽管南北双方在奴隶制问题上存在激烈分歧，但权力平衡仍然脆弱。
But on January 23rd of that year, Douglas introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act in Congress based on what he called "popular sovereignty." The bill would leave it to the people of the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether they wanted slavery.
但当年1月23日，道格拉斯在国会提出了基于他所谓的“人民主权”的堪萨斯-内布拉斯加州法案。该法案将让堪萨斯州和内布拉斯加州的人民自行决定是否想要奴隶制。
The South's "peculiar" institution now threatened to spread.
南方的“奇特”机构现在面临着蔓延的危险。
With one stroke, Douglas had thrown the country into turmoil.
道格拉斯一击，使国家陷入混乱。
Lincoln was arguing a case on the circuit when news reached him that the bill had passed.
当林肯收到法案已通过的消息时，他正在巡回法庭上辩论一个案件。
It roused him, he said, "as he had never been before." He believed that under the constitution no one had the right to interfere with slavery where it already existed, but it must not be allowed to expand further.
他说，这让他“前所未有”地兴奋起来。他认为，根据宪法，任何人都无权干涉已经存在的奴隶制，但决不能允许其进一步扩大。
Donald Miller, Historian: It was the Kansas-Nebraska Act that brought him back on the scene and really got his blood up.
历史学家唐纳德·米勒：正是《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加州法案》让他重新回到现场，并真正让他热血沸腾。
The South kept saying slavery is a positive good and as a positive good it ought to have a right to spread anywhere.
南方一直说奴隶制是一种积极的善，作为一种积极的善，它应该有权传播到任何地方。
Lincoln was saying it's not a positive good, it's something that needs to be blocked up, something that needs to be stopped.
林肯说这不是积极的善，而是需要阻止、需要制止的东西。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He did not favor abolition.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他不赞成废除死刑。
He did not call on the Southern states to end slavery, but he said slavery was a morally reprehensible institution "which we can not endorse." For the first time he's able now to connect a major public issue and a large moral question.
他没有呼吁南方各州结束奴隶制，但他表示奴隶制是一种在道德上应受谴责的制度，“我们不能认可”。他现在第一次能够将一个重大的公共问题和一个重大的道德问题联系起来。
There's a new tone in his speeches.
他的讲话语气有了新的变化。
There is a tone of high moral outrage.
语气中充满了道德上的愤慨。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): : "This covert zeal for the spread of slavery I cannot but hate.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我不能不讨厌这种对奴隶制蔓延的隐秘热情。
I hate it because of the monstrous injustice of slavery itself.
我讨厌它，因为奴隶制本身就是极其不公正的。
I hate it because it deprives our republican example of its just influence in the world; and especially because it forces so many good men amongst ourselves into an open war with the very fundamental principles of civil liberty, criticizing the Declaration of Independence, and insisting that there is no right principle but self-interest."
我讨厌它，因为它剥夺了我们的共和主义榜样在世界上的公正影响力；尤其是因为它迫使我们当中如此多的好人与公民自由的基本原则进行公开战争，批评《独立宣言》，并坚持认为除了自身利益之外没有正确的原则。”
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: He spoke out logically, he spoke out morally, he spoke out emotionally, and he found his voice.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：他逻辑地说话，道德地说话，情感上地说话，他找到了自己的声音。
And I think once you make a stand like that something changes inside of you.
我认为一旦你做出这样的立场，你内心就会发生一些变化。
It gives you the strength and the fervor to keep going.
它给你继续前进的力量和热情。
Narrator: In 1855, Lincoln, now 46, ran for the Senate and lost.
旁白：1855年，现年46岁的林肯竞选参议员，但失败了。
The following year a new party was formed -- the Republican Party -- a party committed to stopping the expansion of slavery.
次年，一个新政党——共和党——成立，该党致力于阻止奴隶制的扩张。
Lincoln had to choose: either the unproven Republicans or his own Whig party, now split over slavery like the country itself.
林肯必须做出选择：要么是未经证实的共和党，要么是他自己的辉格党，后者现在像国家本身一样在奴隶制问题上分裂。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln faced a political dilemma.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：林肯面临着政治困境。
"You can't do anything in American politics," he once said, "unless you're a member of a political party." But what party was he going to be a member of?
“你在美国政治中什么也做不了，”他曾经说过，“除非你是某个政党的成员。”但他要加入哪个政党呢？
You can so easily cut off your political future if you join a party that's going to die within a year.
如果你加入一个一年内就会消亡的政党，你就很容易断绝自己的政治前途。
If it didn't work, you would be lost.
如果它不起作用，你就会迷路。
And yet in the long run the Republican party was the only place that he felt he could go, and it represented principles that he favored.
但从长远来看，共和党是他认为自己唯一可以去的地方，而且它代表了他所青睐的原则。
Narrator: That summer when the Republicans nominated the explorer John C.
旁白：那年夏天，共和党提名探险家约翰·C.
Freemont for President, the party had an energetic new member.
弗里蒙特当选总统后，该党迎来了一位充满活力的新成员。
Lincoln campaigned tirelessly for the Republican ticket, stumping the state, making over 50 speeches.
林肯不知疲倦地为共和党候选人竞选，在全州范围内发表了 50 多次演讲。
Freemont lost, but Lincoln's hard work had paid off.
弗里蒙特失败了，但林肯的努力得到了回报。
The former Whig had won a loyal following and made himself one of the most prominent Republicans in the state of Illinois.
这位前辉格党赢得了忠实的追随者，并使自己成为伊利诺伊州最著名的共和党人之一。
By 1856, Lincoln had earned enough money to add a second story to their home.
1856 年，林肯赚到了足够的钱，可以为他们的家加盖第二层楼。
His law practice was booming.
他的律师业务蓬勃发展。
47 years old, he now had a new party, a cause he believed in, and three boisterous boys.
47岁的他现在有了一个新的政党，一个他所信仰的事业，和三个喧闹的男孩。
The Lincolns couldn't resist spoiling them, giving them the run of the house.
林肯一家无法抗拒地宠爱他们，让他们管理家务。
Mary Lincoln seemed more relaxed.
玛丽·林肯看上去轻松多了。
As the wife of a successful lawyer and a rising political star, she was enjoying the attention that now came her way.
作为一名成功律师和政治新星的妻子，她很享受现在受到的关注。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She was a wonderful hostess.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：她是一位出色的女主人。
She was also a great sounding board.
她也是一个很好的参谋。
And when he would come home at the end of the day, they would talk politics.
当他一天结束回家时，他们会谈论政治。
He would ask her opinion about this issue or that issue or this personality or that, and she would give it.
他会询问她对这个问题或那个问题或这个性格或那个的看法，她会给出意见。
Because she was his wife, she could be straight with him.
因为她是他的妻子，所以她可以对他坦诚相待。
She could be honest with him.
她可以对他诚实。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: They worked as a team politically.
传记作者大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德：他们在政治上是一个团队。
I think it's important to realize that in Lincoln's political activities Mary was, if often unseen, a very stalwart supporter.
我认为重要的是要认识到，在林肯的政治活动中，玛丽虽然经常被忽视，但却是一位非常坚定的支持者。
She wrote letters for him.
她为他写信。
She gave parties for his political friends.
她为他的政治朋友举办派对。
She did the very best that she could to support him.
她尽了最大努力来支持他。
Narrator: Quietly, Lincoln was working behind the scenes, waiting for his chance to run again for the Senate, this time for the seat held by Stephen Douglas himself.
旁白：林肯默默地在幕后工作，等待着再次竞选参议员的机会，这次是竞选斯蒂芬·道格拉斯本人所占据的席位。
His chance came in 1858.
1858 年，他的机会来了。
On June 16, in the Capital Building at Springfield, he accepted his party's nomination in a address he delivered by heart.
6 月 16 日，他在斯普林菲尔德的国会大厦发表讲话，接受了党的提名。
It was the most important speech he had ever made.
这是他做过的最重要的演讲。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "'A house divided against itself cannot stand.' I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“‘一个自相分裂的家庭是站不住脚的。’我相信这个政府不能永远忍受半奴隶半自由的局面。
I do not expect the union to be dissolved -- I do not expect the house to fall -- but I do expect it will cease to be divided.
我不期望工会解散——我不期望房子倒塌——但我确实期望它会停止分裂。
It will become all one thing, or all the other."
它将变成一回事，或者又变成另一回事。”
Narrator: Lincoln challenged Senator Douglas to a series of debates.
旁白：林肯向道格拉斯参议员发起一系列辩论。
Douglas reluctantly accepted.
道格拉斯勉强接受了。
The two men were renewing an old political rivalry.
这两个人正在重新开始旧有的政治竞争。
Lincoln had known Douglas for 20 years, and had never liked him.
林肯认识道格拉斯已有20年，但从未喜欢过他。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He disliked Steven A.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他不喜欢史蒂文·A.
Douglas because Douglas was politically successful, and he wasn't.
道格拉斯，因为道格拉斯在政治上很成功，而他却没有。
Douglas got everything he wanted.
道格拉斯得到了他想要的一切。
He was elected to everything -- to judge, to Congress, to senator -- and look at Lincoln's record -- one term in Congress -- he probably couldn't have won if he tried again, defeated for the Senate in 1855.
他当选了所有职务——法官、国会议员、参议员——看看林肯的记录——国会的一届任期——如果他再次尝试，他可能不会获胜，1855年在参议院竞选中失败。
Everything he wanted was always dashed from him just as he was putting the cup to his lips.
当他将杯子放到唇边时，他想要的一切总是从他身边消失。
Narrator: It was a long, grueling campaign.
旁白：这是一场漫长而艰苦的竞选活动。
Lincoln and Douglas each traveled more than 4 thousand miles, delivering scores of speeches, often for two or three hours, in a contest that captured the attention of the country.
林肯和道格拉斯各自行驶了 4000 多英里，发表了数十场演讲，通常持续两到三个小时，在一场吸引全国注意力的竞赛中。
Lincoln traveled by regular passenger train, mingling with the voters.
林肯乘坐普通旅客列车出行，与选民混在一起。
Douglas outfitted his own train, with a canon trailing behind on a flatcar to pull in the crowds.
道格拉斯为自己的火车配备了装备，并在平板车上拖着一门大炮来吸引人群。
The 6'4" Lincoln and the 5'4" Douglas faced each other seven times.
身高 6 英尺 4 英寸的林肯和身高 5 英尺 4 英寸的道格拉斯交锋七次。
Lincoln was taking on one of the most powerful men in the Senate and one of the most skillful debaters in the country.
林肯正在与参议院最有权势的人之一以及全国最熟练的辩论家之一进行较量。
Their arguments over slavery would define the issue for the whole nation.
他们关于奴隶制的争论将决定整个国家的问题。
"Why can't the country endure half slave and half free?" Douglas asked.
“为什么这个国家不能忍受一半奴隶和一半自由？”道格拉斯问道。
"It had, for 82 years, after all."
“毕竟已经有 82 年了。”
"I go for the principle of the Kansas-Nebraska Act," he argued "the right of the people to decide for themselves...."
“我支持《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加州法案》的原则，”他辩称“人民有自己决定的权利......”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It would not do to minimize Douglas' very significant point.This is a free country, and if the people of Kansas, Nebraska, or other states choose to adopt the institution of slavery, that is their business.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：道格拉斯的重要观点不容忽视。这是一个自由国家，如果堪萨斯州、内布拉斯加州或其他州的人民选择采用奴隶制，那是他们的事。
"We should not interfere and impose our moral standards."
“我们不应该干涉和强加我们的道德标准。”
Narrator: Lincoln countered that Douglas' reliance on majority rule was morally bankrupt.
旁白：林肯反驳道格拉斯对多数统治的依赖在道德上已经破产。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It's as thin as a soup made by boiling the shadow of a pigeon that had starved to death."
林肯的配音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“它就像用一只饿死的鸽子的影子煮成的汤一样稀薄。”
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Lincoln takes Douglas' argument that says that what the people in the territories decide is up to them.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：林肯接受道格拉斯的论点，即领土上的人民决定什么取决于他们。
It's a democracy.
这是一个民主国家。
If they vote for slavery, so be it.
如果他们投票支持奴隶制，那就这样吧。
That's majority rule.
这就是多数决定。
And he says, "No. There's an independent standard of right and wrong that's more important than the majority vote.
他说：“不。有一个独立的是非标准比多数票更重要。
Slavery is wrong."
奴隶制是错误的。”
He believed so much that what the American system was all about was making it possible for other men to rise as he had done.
他坚信美国制度的全部意义就是让其他人有可能像他一样崛起。
But slavery was completely against that.
但奴隶制完全反对这一点。
A person worked hard, they labored, and yet the fruits of their labor belonged to somebody else.
一个人努力工作，辛苦劳作，但他的劳动成果却属于别人。
Narrator: Douglas tried to trap Lincoln by charging him with coddling the black man.
旁白：道格拉斯试图通过指控林肯溺爱黑人来陷害他。
"Are you in favor of conferring upon the Negro the rights and privileges of citizenship?" he asked Lincoln.
“你赞成赋予黑人公民的权利和特权吗？”他问林肯。
"I am opposed to Negro citizenship in any and every form.
“我反对任何形式的黑人公民身份。
I believe this government was made by white men for the benefit of white men and their posterity for ever."
我相信这个政府是由白人创建的，是为了白人及其后代的永远利益。”
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I have no purpose to introduce political and social equality between the white and the black races.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我无意在白人和黑人之间引入政治和社会平等。
There is a physical difference between the two, which, in my judgment, will probably forever forbid their living together on the footing of perfect equality.
两者之间存在身体差异，据我判断，这可能会永远禁止他们在完全平等的基础上生活在一起。
He is not my equal in many respects, certainly not in color, perhaps not in intellectual or moral endowment.
他在很多方面都比不上我，尤其是在肤色上，也许在智力或道德天赋上也比不上我。
But in the right to eat the bread...
但吃面包的权利......
which his own hand earns, he is my equal and the equal of Judge Douglas and the equal of every other man."
这是他亲手赚来的，他与我平等，与道格拉斯法官平等，与其他所有人平等。”
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He was deeply ambivalent about the idea of racial equality in America.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他对美国种族平等的想法非常矛盾。
He says over and over and over again he does not believe the races are equal.
他一遍又一遍地说，他不相信种族是平等的。
He made a clear distinction, 'I hate slavery, on the other hand, I cannot...
他做出了明确的区分，“我讨厌奴隶制，但另一方面，我不能......
I don't know what to do about ending slavery because I can't imagine that black and white can live together as equals in America.'
我不知道如何结束奴隶制，因为我无法想象黑人和白人可以在美国平等地生活在一起。
Margaret Washington, Historian: The racial attitudes of 19th Century America among white people were essentially that African Americans were an inferior people.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：19世纪美国白人的种族态度本质上是认为非洲裔美国人是低等人。
This was an attitude that had been handed down since the nation evolved.
这是自国家发展以来就一直传承下来的态度。
There had always been this sense of African American inferiority because of the color of their skin, because they came from a foreign land that was considered a land of barbarism.
由于肤色，非裔美国人一直存在这种自卑感，因为他们来自被认为是野蛮之地的异国他乡。
Because many people in the Northern and Western states listened to Southerners who said that African-Americans would not work unless they were enslaved -- that they were lazy, that they were shiftless, that the plantation system was a school for them, to civilize them.
因为北部和西部各州的许多人听南方人说，非洲裔美国人除非被奴役，否则不会工作——他们懒惰，他们无能，种植园制度是他们的学校，教化他们。
So all of these kinds of stereotypes, Lincoln heard and unfortunately Lincoln believed.
林肯听到了所有这些刻板印象，但不幸的是，他相信了。
Narrator: In the middle of October, Lincoln took a steamboat down the Mississippi and met Douglas for the seventh debate at Alton, Illinois.
旁白：十月中旬，林肯乘坐汽船沿密西西比河而下，在伊利诺伊州奥尔顿举行第七场辩论会见道格拉斯。
For the last time, Douglas would argue that in a democracy, the majority rules, and once again, Lincoln would do his best to refute him.
道格拉斯最后一次辩称，在民主国家，多数人统治，而林肯将再次竭尽全力反驳他。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "The real issue is the sentiment on the part of one class that looks upon the institution of slavery as a wrong and another class that does not."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“真正的问题在于，一个阶级认为奴隶制是错误的，而另一个阶级则不这么认为。”
"That is the issue that will continue in this country when these poor tongues of Judge Douglas and myself shall be silent.
“当道格拉斯法官和我这些可怜的舌头保持沉默时，这个问题将在这个国家继续存在。
It is the eternal struggle between these two principles -- right and wrong -- throughout the world.
这是全世界这两个原则（正确与错误）之间的永恒斗争。
They are the two principles that have stood face to face from the beginning of time, and will ever continue to struggle.
这两个原则从一开始就一直针锋相对，并将永远继续斗争。
"
”
Narrator: It rained as Illinois voters went to the polls on November 2.
旁白：11 月 2 日，伊利诺伊州选民去投票站时下着雨。
The "fizzle-gigs" and "fireworks," as Lincoln called them, were finally over.
林肯称之为“失败的演出”和“烟火”终于结束了。
The outcome would be decided by the State Legislators, meeting in the Capital building where Lincoln had accepted his party's nomination.
结果将由州立法者在首都大厦举行会议决定，林肯在那里接受了他所在政党的提名。
The results were as close as they could be: Lincoln's Republicans polled 4,000 more voters, but Douglas' Democrats controlled the legislature.
结果非常接近：林肯领导的共和党又对 4,000 名选民进行了民意调查，但道格拉斯领导的民主党控制了立法机构。
For the third time in his political career, Lincoln lost.
林肯在其政治生涯中第三次失败。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I feel just like the boy who stubbed his toe: I'm too big to cry, and too badly hurt to laugh."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我感觉就像那个撞到脚趾的男孩：我太大了，不能哭，也伤得太重，不能笑。”
Narrator: Still, he was glad he had made the race.
旁白：不过，他还是很高兴自己参加了比赛。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It gave me a hearing on the great and durable question of the age, which I could have had in no other way; and though I now sink out of view, and shall be forgotten, I believe I have made some marks which will tell for the cause of civil liberty long after I am gone."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“它让我听到了关于这个时代伟大而持久的问题，这是我没有其他方式可以得到的；虽然我现在消失在人们的视野中，并将被遗忘，但我相信我已经留下了一些痕迹，在我去世很久之后，这些痕迹将为公民自由的事业做出贡献。”
Narrator: Lincoln had lost the election, but his debates with Douglas had been reprinted all over the country, and he now had a national following.
旁白：林肯在选举中落败，但他与道格拉斯的辩论已在全国各地转载，他现在拥有了全国性的追随者。
He held the middle ground somewhere between the abolitionists and the slaveholders of the south.
他在废奴主义者和南方奴隶主之间保持着中间立场。
He continued speaking out across the Midwest in Illinois, Kansas, Indiana, Wisconsin, and wrote notes for a campaign biography, which he introduced with characteristic self-deprecation.
他继续在中西部的伊利诺伊州、堪萨斯州、印第安纳州、威斯康星州发表演讲，并为竞选传记写了笔记，并以典型的自嘲方式介绍了该传记。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Herewith is a little sketch....
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“这里有一个小草图......
There is not much of it, for the reason, I suppose, that there is not much of me."
没有太多，因为我想，因为我没有太多。”
Narrator: There was now talk that he might one day run for higher office than the Senate.
旁白：现在有传言说他有一天可能会竞选比参议院更高的职位。
Lincoln professed to be astonished.
林肯表示很惊讶。
"Just think of such a sucker as me as President," he told a reporter, although his wife, he added, was confident he would one day make it to the top.
他对记者说：“想一想，像我这样的总统真是个傻瓜。”尽管他补充说，他的妻子相信他有一天会登上总统宝座。
Then, in early 1860, Lincoln eagerly traveled to New York where he had been invited to speak.
1860 年初，林肯受邀前往纽约发表演讲，迫不及待地前往纽约。
The front-runner for the Republican nomination for President that year was the popular Senator from New York William Seward.
那年共和党总统候选人提名的领先者是来自纽约的受欢迎的参议员威廉·苏厄德。
Lincoln would be speaking on Seward's home ground.
林肯将在苏厄德的主场发表讲话。
It was a chance for the prairie politician to show the Eastern leaders of the Republican party what he could do.
对于这位草原政客来说，这是一个向东部共和党领导人展示他能做什么的机会。
Fifteen hundred curious people crowded the auditorium at the Cooper Union Institute.
库珀联盟学院的礼堂里挤满了一千五百名好奇的人。
Lincoln later admitted he was uncomfortable, unsure of his audience, unsure of himself.
林肯后来承认他感到不舒服，对听众和自己都没有信心。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Now this is a man who entered the Cooper Union that night with his host genuinely concerned about the impression that this guy was going to make, this tall, angular, awkward man in clothes that didn't seem to fit him and said things like "mister cheerman," and, frankly, most who were present said that when they first saw Lincoln when he first stood up their initial impression was, "Oh, my goodness.
朗，历史学家：当晚，这个人进入库珀联盟，他的主人真诚地担心这个人会给人留下这样的印象，这个身材高大、棱角分明、笨拙的人，穿着似乎不适合他的衣服，说着“拉拉曼先生”之类的话，坦白地说，在场的大多数人都说，当他们第一次看到林肯第一次站起来时，他们的第一印象是，“哦，天哪。
This will never do."
这是永远不行的。”
Narrator: But when Lincoln began to speak, doubts quickly vanished.
旁白：但是当林肯开始讲话时，疑虑很快就消失了。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Can we, while our votes will prevent it, allow slavery to spread?
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“虽然我们的选票会阻止奴隶制蔓延，但我们能否允许奴隶制蔓延？
If our sense of duty forbids this, then let us stand by our duty fearlessly and effectively....
如果我们的责任感不允许这样做，那么让我们无畏而有效地履行我们的职责......
Let us have faith that right makes might, and in that faith let us to the end dare to do our duty as we understand it."
让我们相信正义创造力量，并在这种信念下，让我们敢于履行我们所理解的义务到底。”
Narrator: The crowd rose to its feet when he had finished.
旁白：他讲完后，人群起立。
"No man," one reporter wrote, "ever before made such an impression on his first appeal to a New York audience."
一位记者写道：“从来没有人在第一次向纽约观众发出呼吁时给人留下如此深刻的印象。”
He had proven he was a politician to be reckoned with, a serious candidate for President.
他已经证明自己是一位不可忽视的政治家，是一位认真的总统候选人。
"The taste," he admitted to a friend, "is in my mouth."
“味道，”他向一位朋友承认，“就在我嘴里。”
On May 16, the Republicans gathered in Chicago to pick their candidate for the highest office in the land.
5 月 16 日，共和党人聚集在芝加哥，选出该国最高职位的候选人。
In a crowded field of candidates the man to beat was still William Seward.
在众多候选人中，要击败的人仍然是威廉·苏厄德。
Lincoln's own chances seemed slim.
林肯自己的机会似乎很渺茫。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Lincoln's qualifications in 1860 really paled compared to the other leading Republicans.
历史学家朗：1860年林肯的资历与其他共和党领袖相比确实相形见绌。
His sole experience on the national level had been as a one -- term member of the House of Representatives.
他在国家一级的唯一经历是担任一届众议院议员。
But nothing that would have prepared him for the kind of responsibilities he would face as President.
但这并没有让他做好准备承担作为总统所面临的责任。
Most people wouldn't have given Lincoln much of a chance at all.
大多数人根本不会给林肯太多机会。
Narrator: Lincoln didn't go to Chicago, but he saw to it that able lieutenants were on hand, determined to snatch the nomination for their man.
旁白：林肯没有去芝加哥，但他派了能干的副手到场，决心为他们的人赢得提名。
Donald Miller, Historian: There was this tremendous passion for Lincoln inside the conventional hall due, in part, to some maneuvering by Lincoln supporters.
历史学家唐纳德·米勒：传统大厅内对林肯有着巨大的热情，部分原因是林肯支持者的一些操纵。
They handed out duplicate tickets to make sure there were more Lincolnites there than Seward people.
他们分发了重复的门票，以确保那里的林肯人比苏厄德人多。
The hired professional "shriekers" as they were called, these leather-lunged Midwesterners to go in there and start screaming for Lincoln's nomination.
这些受雇的专业“尖叫者”被称为“尖叫者”，这些猛烈的中西部人走进那里，开始尖叫着要求林肯获得提名。
Lincoln felt his supporters could organize public sentiment on the convention floor and pull some back-room deals and things like that and carry the day.
林肯觉得他的支持者可以在会议场地上组织公众情绪，达成一些幕后交易之类的事情，从而取得胜利。
Judge Frank J.
法官弗兰克·J.
Williams, Chair, the Lincoln Forum: His becoming President was no accident.
林肯论坛主席威廉姆斯：他成为总统并非偶然。
The Wood Fairy did not come down from the heavens and anoint him President and Commander In Chief.
木仙并没有从天上下来任命他为总统和总司令。
You just don't become President that way.
这样你就不会成为总统。
Narrator: "That man who thinks Lincoln sat down and gathered his robes about him, waiting for the people to call him, has a very erroneous knowledge of Lincoln," his law partner remembered.
旁白：“那个认为林肯坐下来，把长袍裹在身上，等待人们呼唤他的人，对林肯的认识非常错误，”他的律师合伙人回忆道。
"He was always calculating, always planning ahead.
“他总是在计算，总是提前计划。
His ambition was a little engine that knew no rest." To relieve the tension while he waited for the results, Lincoln played handball at his home in Springfield.
他的野心是成为一台不知休息的小发动机。”为了缓解等待结果期间的紧张情绪，林肯在斯普林菲尔德的家中打手球。
On the first ballot, Seward held a commanding lead.
在第一轮投票中，苏厄德遥遥领先。
But Lincoln was running ahead of everyone else.
但林肯跑在了其他人的前面。
On the second ballot, Seward began losing ground.
在第二轮投票中，苏厄德开始节节败退。
He was considered too extreme in his opposition to slavery.
他反对奴隶制被认为过于极端。
Lincoln hoped his own reputation as a moderate would carry the day.
林肯希望自己作为温和派的声誉能够占据上风。
He had given careful instructions to his supporters:
他向他的支持者发出了谨慎的指示：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "My name is new in the field, and I suppose I am not the first choice of a very great many.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我的名字在这个领域是个新名字，我想我并不是很多人的首选。
Our policy, then, is to give no offense to others -- eave them in a mood to come to us, if they shall be compelled to give up their first love."
那么，我们的政策就是不冒犯别人——让他们有心情来找我们，如果他们被迫放弃他们的初恋的话。”
Narrator: That is exactly what happened.
旁白：事情正是如此。
On the third ballot, the Republicans at last united behind one man.
在第三轮投票中，共和党人最终团结在一个人的身后。
The campaign to elect the 16th President of the United States was on.
美国第 16 任总统的竞选活动正在进行中。
His name became known everywhere, but even his most ardent admirers were still unsure what he looked like.
他的名字家喻户晓，但即使是他最狂热的崇拜者仍然不确定他长什么样。
The opposition lampooned his looks and countrified ways, but to millions he became known as "Honest Abe," and "The Rail Splitter," though no one dared call him Abe to his face, and he never wanted to split rails again.
反对派嘲笑他的外表和乡村风格，但对数百万人来说，他被称为“诚实的阿部”和“铁轨分裂者”，尽管没有人敢当面称他为阿部，而且他再也不想分裂铁轨了。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln by this point was a prominent, very prosperous lawyer living in a good house in Springfield, well regarded in Illinois society with some national reputation.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德（David Herbert Donald），传记作者：林肯当时是一位著名的、非常富有的律师，住在斯普林菲尔德的一所好房子里，在伊利诺伊州社会中享有很高的声誉，在全国范围内享有盛誉。
This was not a humble man of the people out chopping rails.
这不是一个谦虚的砍铁轨的人。
On the other hand, there was a good deal of truth to this myth, and it was an immensely popular one as well.
另一方面，这个神话有很多道理，而且也非常受欢迎。
Well he went along with it, I don't think he initiated it, but he did go along with it.
好吧，他同意了，我不认为他发起了这件事，但他确实同意了。
They brought to the hall, the actual rails that he supposedly split.
他们把据称是他劈断的实际栏杆带到了大厅。
And he said, well I might not have split those rails, but I've split a rail in my day.
他说，好吧，我可能没有劈开那些铁轨，但我那天劈开了一根铁轨。
Narrator: Thousands of people came to Springfield to pay Lincoln tribute.
旁白：数千人来到斯普林菲尔德向林肯致敬。
A parade of floats and marching bands blared past his gate.
一队花车和游行乐队呼啸着驶过他的大门。
The candidate towered above the crowd, his excited sons hung out the windows.
这位候选人高高在上，他的儿子们兴奋地挂在窗外。
His wife looked on proudly.
他的妻子自豪地看着。
Mary Lincoln entertained now as never before.
玛丽·林肯现在的娱乐程度是前所未有的。
Newspapermen knocked at her door, eager to find out all they could about how the Lincolns lived, and Mrs. Lincoln eagerly showed them.
报社敲开了她的门，渴望了解有关林肯家族生活的一切信息，林肯夫人热切地向他们展示。
"The house was neatly without being extravagantly furnished," one wrote.
“房子布置得很整洁，没有奢华的家具，”一位网友写道。
"An air of quiet refinement pervaded the place....
“整个地方弥漫着一种安静精致的气氛......
There were flowers upon the table...pictures upon the walls....
桌子上有鲜花……墙上有照片……
The hand of the domestic artist was everywhere visible.
国内艺术家的手随处可见。
What a pleasant home Abe Lincoln has."
亚伯·林肯有一个多么令人愉快的家啊。”
Mary thrilled to all the attention she was getting.
玛丽对她所受到的关注感到兴奋不已。
She delighted in talking politics with reporters, startling some of her husband's political allies by suggesting names for his cabinet.
她喜欢与记者谈论政治，为丈夫的内阁推荐人选，这让她丈夫的一些政治盟友大吃一惊。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She began to conceive of herself in a way that no Victorian political wife ever did, as an equal partner to her husband as his Chief Advisor.
琳达·莱维特·特纳（Linda Levitt Turner），传记作家：她开始以一种维多利亚时代的政治妻子从未做过的方式来构想自己：作为丈夫的首席顾问，她是平等的伙伴。
And she went into the Presidential election believing this.
她相信这一点参加了总统选举。
But Lincoln was a very shrewd politician and he had another life that she didn't know about.
但林肯是一位非常精明的政治家，他有着她不知道的另一种生活。
Involved with all these politicians, talking real strategy, the things that really were gonna get him elected in the end.
与所有这些政客打交道，谈论真正的战略，那些真正能让他最终当选的事情。
Narrator: That June, Lincoln's prospects dramatically improved.
旁白：那年六月，林肯的前景显着改善。
The quarrel over slavery had split the Democrats: Northern Democrats nominated Stephen Douglas, who continued to champion "popular sovereignty." Southern Democrats chose John C.
关于奴隶制的争论使民主党分裂：北方民主党提名斯蒂芬·道格拉斯，他继续倡导“人民主权”。南方民主党人选择了约翰·C.
Brekinridge of Kentucky, who argued that slavery should be allowed to spread to the territories.
肯塔基州的布雷金里奇认为，应该允许奴隶制蔓延到这些领土。
There was even a fourth candidate, John Bell, whose only platform he said, was the Constitution.
甚至还有第四位候选人约翰·贝尔，他说他唯一的纲领就是宪法。
With the opposition splintered, Lincoln suddenly became the favorite.
随着反对派的分裂，林肯突然成为最受欢迎的人。
He continued to insist that slavery must not move farther west, but pledged he would not interfere with slavery where it already existed.
他继续坚持奴隶制不得进一步向西转移，但承诺他不会干涉已经存在的奴隶制。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Certainly Lincoln was trying to reassure the South that he personally had no intention of interfering with their peculiar institution or their culture or their political power or anything else.
朗，历史学家：林肯当然是试图让南方放心，他个人无意干涉他们的特殊制度、他们的文化、他们的政治权力或其他任何事情。
And yet they were not hearing that.
然而他们却没有听到。
Narrator: "Let the consequences be what they may," said a prominent Georgia editor, "whether the Potomac is crimsoned in gore and Pennsylvania Avenue is paved ten fathoms deep in mangled bodies, the South will never submit to such humiliation and degradation as the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln."
旁白：“无论后果如何，”佐治亚州一位著名编辑说，“无论波托马克河被血染成深红色，无论宾夕法尼亚大道铺满了十英寻深的残破尸体，南方都不会像亚伯拉罕·林肯的就职典礼那样遭受如此屈辱和侮辱。”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: To them, he was part of an organization -- the Republican Party -- that was bent on the destruction of their way of life, of their institutions, of their culture.
朗，历史学家：对他们来说，他是一个组织——共和党——的一部分，这个组织一心想要摧毁他们的生活方式、他们的机构和他们的文化。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: There were plenty of warnings that if this black Republican abolitionist -- and that's what his opponents called him -- was elected President, that it would provoke the Southern States to secede.
历史学家麦克弗森：有很多警告称，如果这位黑人共和党废奴主义者——他的反对者如此称呼他——当选总统，将会激怒南方各州脱离联邦。
All kinds of people were warning that.
各种各样的人都在警告这一点。
But the Republicans said and thought that they were bluffing.
但共和党人说并认为他们是在虚张声势。
Lincoln thought they were bluffing.
林肯认为他们是在虚张声势。
Narrator: To Lincoln, the American Union was a sacred institution.
旁白：对于林肯来说，美国联邦是一个神圣的机构。
It guaranteed every man's right to rise as he had risen.
它保证了每个人都有权利像他一样崛起。
He couldn't imagine it disintegrating.
他无法想象它会崩溃。
As election day approached, Mary admitted to a friend she was tense with excitement.
随着选举日的临近，玛丽向一位朋友承认她因兴奋而紧张。
Voice of Mary Lincoln (Holly Hunter): "Fortunately, the time is rapidly drawing to a close, a little more than two weeks will decide the contest.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“幸运的是，时间很快就接近尾声了，两周多一点的时间就将决定比赛的胜负。
I scarcely know how I would bear up under defeat.
我几乎不知道自己该如何承受失败。
I trust that we will not have the trial."
我相信我们不会进行审判。”
Narrator: Election Day, November 6.
旁白：11 月 6 日选举日。
Lincoln and his supporters huddled in the State Capitol, waiting for news.
林肯和他的支持者挤在州议会大厦里等待消息。
At 1:30 in the morning, it came.
凌晨1点30分，来了。
Fifty one years old, with less than a year's formal schooling, Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States.
亚伯拉罕·林肯五十一岁，受过正规教育还不到一年，就当选为美国总统。
But his victory was far from overwhelming.
但他的胜利远非压倒性的。
He had polled just 40 percent of the popular vote, and had failed to win a single slave state.
他只获得了 40% 的民众选票，并且未能赢得一个蓄奴州。
While fireworks raced across the Springfield sky, southern politicians were already calling for an end to the Union.
当烟花划过斯普林菲尔德的天空时，南方政客们已经呼吁结束联邦。
But Lincoln believed in the common sense of his fellow countrymen.
但林肯相信他的同胞的常识。
He meant to be President of all the United States.
他本想成为全美国的总统。
As Lincoln stepped out into the street, a jubilant crowd of nearly 10,000 called for the President-Elect to say something.
当林肯走上街头时，近万名欢呼雀跃的人群要求当选总统发表讲话。
Instead, he just waved.
相反，他只是挥了挥手。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I guess I'll go down and tell Mary about it."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我想我应该下去告诉玛丽这件事。”
Narrator: When he neared home, he stepped up his pace and began to shout.
旁白：当他快到家的时候，他加快了脚步，开始大喊大叫。
Narrator: Everything for which the Lincolns had worked now seemed to be theirs.
旁白：林肯一家为之奋斗的一切现在看来都是他们的了。
But they could not celebrate for long.
但他们没能庆祝多久。
Within 90 days, seven southern states would secede.
90 天内，七个南方州将脱离联邦。
Threats to kill Lincoln began arriving daily.
每天都有杀害林肯的威胁出现。
His election had shattered the Union he held sacred and would let loose a whirlwind.
他的当选粉碎了他所视为神圣的联邦，并掀起了一阵旋风。
Narrator: On the morning of February 11, 1861, Abraham Lincoln prepared to leave Springfield, Illinois for Washington.
旁白：1861 年 2 月 11 日早上，亚伯拉罕·林肯准备离开伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德前往华盛顿。
The President-Elect had grown a beard since election day -- and was still not quite comfortable with how he looked.
自选举日起，当选总统就留起了胡子，但他仍然对自己的外表不太满意。
Mary Lincoln was just back from New York where she had bought so much finery she did not dare tell her husband how much she had spent.
玛丽·林肯刚从纽约回来，她在那里买了很多华丽的衣服，她不敢告诉丈夫她花了多少钱。
She had accepted lavish gifts of clothing and jewelry, too, and had kept that fact to herself, as well.
她也接受了奢侈的衣服和珠宝礼物，并且也把这个事实保密了。
Despite the heavy rain, a sizable crowd turned out to see Lincoln off.
尽管下着大雨，仍有相当多的人群前来为林肯送行。
Springfield had nurtured him.
斯普林菲尔德养育了他。
He had prospered there.
他在那里很繁荣。
Now, he was saying goodbye.
现在，他要告别了。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "My friends -- no one, not in my situation, can appreciate my feeling of sadness at this parting.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我的朋友们，除了我的处境之外，没有人能够体会我在这次离别时的悲伤感觉。
To this place, and the kindness of these people, I owe everything."
我欠这个地方和这些人的善意，我的一切。”
"Here I have lived a quarter of a century, and have passed from a young to an old man.
“我在这里生活了四分之一个世纪，从青年变成了老人。
Here my children have been born, and one is buried.
我的孩子们出生在这里，其中一个也埋葬在这里。
I now leave, not knowing when, or whether ever, I may return, with a task before me greater than that which rested upon Washington.
我现在离开，不知道何时或是否会回来，我面前的任务比华盛顿的任务还要艰巨。
Narrator: In 20 days, Abraham Lincoln would become President of the United States.
旁白：20天后，亚伯拉罕·林肯将成为美国总统。
But the Union he held sacred had shattered.
但他所奉为神圣的联盟已经支离破碎。
Slate: Abraham and Mary Lincoln: A House Divided
石板：亚伯拉罕和玛丽·林肯：分裂的房子
Narrator: The Lincolns had long dreamed of this moment: at the end of a 12-day swing through northern cities lay the Executive Mansion.
旁白：林肯一家一直梦想着这一刻：在北方城市历时 12 天的旅程结束后，行政官邸落成。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: His Republican Party has won the White House for the first time.
历史学家朗：他的共和党首次入主白宫。
He is the first Republican President.
他是第一位共和党总统。
He is thrilled about what has happened.
他对所发生的事情感到非常兴奋。
He is looking forward to it, and yet he watches the country falling apart before he even has a chance to take the oath of office.
他对此充满期待，但在他有机会宣誓就职之前，他就眼睁睁地看着这个国家分崩离析。
Narrator: Lincoln's election had been the signal for seven southern states to leave the Union: first South Carolina, then Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas.
旁白：林肯的当选标志着南方七个州脱离联邦：首先是南卡罗来纳州，然后是密西西比州、佛罗里达州、阿拉巴马州、佐治亚州、路易斯安那州、德克萨斯州。
Eight more were teetering on the brink.
还有八个人在边缘摇摇欲坠。
One by one, federal forts had been turned over to the southern states without a shot being fired.
联邦堡垒一一被移交给南部各州，一枪未发。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln kept thinking that reasonable people in the South would gradually come to their senses and say, "This is stupid.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：林肯一直认为南方有理智的人会逐渐清醒过来并说：“这很愚蠢。
We must get back into the Union" as it was.
我们必须回到联盟”。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: "They're not going to leave this country.
历史学家麦克弗森：“他们不会离开这个国家。
They're patriots just as much as we are." Lincoln said that over and over again, and I think he really believed it.
他们和我们一样都是爱国者。”林肯一遍又一遍地说这句话，我想他真的相信这一点。
I think that was one of the mistakes that Lincoln and Northern Republicans made.
我认为这是林肯和北方共和党人犯下的错误之一。
They underestimated the depth and genuineness of Southern secessionist sentiment.
他们低估了南方分裂主义情绪的深度和真实性。
Narrator: The brand-new Confederate States of America had adopted their own Constitution and appointed Senator Jefferson Davis of Mississippi as their new president.
旁白：全新的美利坚联盟国通过了自己的宪法，并任命密西西比州参议员杰斐逊·戴维斯为新任总统。
Mark E.
马克·E。
Neely Jr., Historian: The Southern view is that the Union is a matter of convenience.
小尼利（Neely Jr.），历史学家：南方的观点是，联盟是一个方便的问题。
And when the Union became a nuisance instead of something that was helping them that they could just withdraw from it.
当联盟变得令人讨厌而不是帮助他们时，他们就可以退出。
They had created it, why couldn't they back out?
他们已经创造了它，为什么不能退出呢？
Narrator: Some in the North wanted force used to bring the southern states back into the Union.
旁白：北方的一些人希望使用武力将南方各州带回联邦。
Others argued the states should be allowed to leave in peace.
其他人则认为应该允许各州和平离开。
Still others hoped for some sort of compromise.
还有一些人希望达成某种妥协。
No one knew what Lincoln would do.
没有人知道林肯会做什么。
As his train moved east, he kept silent or told jokes.
当他的火车向东行驶时，他保持沉默或讲笑话。
Many concluded he was a well-intentioned bumbler, not up to the job.
许多人得出的结论是，他是一个善意的笨蛋，无法胜任这份工作。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: He's in a very tough position.
长，历史学家：他的处境非常艰难。
He is not going to say anything provocative.
他不会说任何挑衅的话。
He is not going to say anything that might cause other states to join with those seven states that have already acted.
他不会说任何可能导致其他州加入已经采取行动的七个州的言论。
If he postures, if he rattles a saber, that may be all it takes to get those states to follow suit.
如果他摆出姿势，如果他挥动军刀，可能就足以让这些州效仿。
So he's going to be a man walking on political eggshells.
所以他将成为一个在政治上如履薄冰的人。
Narrator: On February 22, Lincoln arrived in Philadelphia.
旁白：2月22日，林肯抵达费城。
At Independence Hall, where American freedom was first proclaimed, he raised the flag and swore allegiance to the promise of equality embodied in the Declaration of Independence.
在首次宣布美国自由的独立厅，他升起了国旗，宣誓效忠《独立宣言》中体现的平等承诺。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It was that which gave promise that in due time the weights should be lifted from the shoulders of all men, and that all should have an equal chance....
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“正是它许诺，在适当的时候，所有人肩上的重担都应该被卸下，所有人都应该拥有平等的机会......
If this country cannot be saved without giving up that principle...
如果不放弃这一原则就无法拯救这个国家……
I would rather be assassinated on this spot than to surrender it."
我宁愿就地被刺杀，也不愿投降。”
Narrator: Lincoln had just been told of a plot to kill him.
旁白：林肯刚刚被告知有一个谋杀他的阴谋。
He wanted to ignore the threat, but aides finally convinced him to slip secretly into Washington.
他本想无视这一威胁，但助手们最终说服他秘密潜入华盛顿。
When Mary heard the news, she was terrified.
当玛丽听到这个消息时，她感到害怕。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Mary's worries about her husband's physical safety began from the very moment that he was elected President.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：玛丽对丈夫人身安全的担忧从他当选总统的那一刻起就开始了。
He received all kinds of hate mail at home.
他在家里收到各种仇恨邮件。
The hatred that was spewed out at her husband was unbelievable, and I think there was always an undercurrent of fear...
对她丈夫的仇恨令人难以置信，我想，心里总有一股恐惧的暗流……
from that very early time, a seed of dread.
从很早的时候起，就有了恐惧的种子。
Narrator: That evening, Abraham Lincoln and a loyal bodyguard quietly boarded a sleeping car.
旁白：那天晚上，亚伯拉罕·林肯和忠诚的保镖悄悄登上了卧铺车厢。
The bodyguard carried "a small arsenal of deadly weapons beneath his coat." Lincoln wore a cap and cloak, and pretended to be an invalid.
这名保镖“在他的外套下藏着一小批致命武器”。林肯戴着帽子，穿着斗篷，假装病人。
The President-Elect was reluctantly heading for Washington undercover.
当选总统不情愿地卧底前往华盛顿。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He was later ashamed of it and was embarrassed.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他后来为此感到羞耻和尴尬。
He didn't think there had been a conspiracy ever, but he was talked into it.
他不认为这里面有什么阴谋，但他却被说服了。
Narrator: Lincoln traveled the rest of the night and arrived in Washington at six the following morning, took a carriage to his hotel and slipped inside through the ladies entrance.
旁白：林肯整晚都在旅行，第二天早上六点到达华盛顿，乘坐马车前往旅馆，从女士入口溜进去。
Mary and the boys joined him later in the day.
当天晚些时候，玛丽和孩子们加入了他。
It wasn't long before newspapers got hold of the story.
没过多久，报纸就报道了这个故事。
Many had already dismissed him as a boor and a country bumpkin.
许多人已经把他视为乡巴佬和乡巴佬。
Now, they called him a coward, too.
现在，他们也称他为胆小鬼。
Never before had a President gotten off to a more humiliating start.
从来没有一位总统的开局比这更丢脸。
Lincoln's first order of business was to interview the long lines of Republicans looking for government jobs.
林肯的首要任务是采访排着长队寻找政府职位的共和党人。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I have more pigs than I have tits.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我养的猪比我的奶还多。
But they don't want much and don't get but little.
但他们想要的不多，得到的也很少。
I must see them."
我必须见见他们。”
Narrator: At the same time, he met with the men who would make-up his cabinet-some of them rivals he had beaten for the Presidential nomination, all of them with more experience than Abraham Lincoln.
旁白：与此同时，他会见了内阁成员，其中一些是他在总统提名中击败的竞争对手，他们都比亚伯拉罕·林肯更有经验。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Lincoln has tremendous self-confidence...
历史学家朗：林肯有极大的自信……
he's giving these positions to people like William Seward who resent him because he's won the nomination, to people who demean and diminish his capabilities, say that he is less qualified to hold this office than I am.
他把这些职位交给了像威廉·苏厄德这样因为他赢得了提名而怨恨他的人，以及那些贬低和贬低他的能力、说他比我没有资格担任这个职位的人。
Nobody in that cabinet has very high regard for Lincoln's abilities.
内阁中没有人非常重视林肯的能力。
Narrator: Monday, March 4, 1861, was unlike any other Inauguration Day in history.
旁白：1861 年 3 月 4 日星期一与历史上任何其他就职日不同。
As the Lincolns rode up Pennsylvania Avenue, uniformed sharpshooters stood guard on rooftops.
当林肯一家沿着宾夕法尼亚大道行驶时，身穿制服的神枪手在屋顶上站岗。
With the unfinished Capitol looming above them, Mary and several relatives took their seats just behind the President-elect.
未完工的国会大厦在他们上方若隐若现，玛丽和几位亲戚坐在当选总统后面。
One of her cousins remembered looking out upon a sea of upturned faces, representing every shade of feeling; hatred, discontent, admiration and anxiety.
她的一个堂兄弟记得，她望着窗外一片仰着脸的海洋，代表着各种感情。仇恨、不满、钦佩和焦虑。
Americans, North and South, were waiting to hear at last what their new President planned to do.
美国人，无论南北，都在等待最终听到他们的新总统计划做什么。
He began by reassuring the South.
他首先向南方保证。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我没有任何目的，直接或间接地干涉奴隶制存在的州的制度。
I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so."
我相信我没有合法权利这样做，我也无意这样做。”
Narrator: He also vowed to "hold, occupy and possess" all the Federal installations under Union control.
旁白：他还发誓要“占领、占领和占有”联邦控制下的所有联邦设施。
How he was going to do that he didn't say, but there would be no compromise with secession.
他没有说他将如何做，但决不会与分裂国家妥协。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln was very stubborn.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：林肯非常顽固。
He believed simply that the United States was the greatest country potentially in the world if it could hold together.
他只是相信，如果美国能够团结起来，它就有可能成为世界上最伟大的国家。
And I think at no point did he ever seriously consider the possibility that Union could be destroyed.
我认为他从来没有认真考虑过联邦被摧毁的可能性。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I hold that in contemplation of Universal Law and of the Constitution, the Union of these States is perpetual."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我认为，考虑到普遍法和宪法，这些州的联盟是永久的。”
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: The passionate belief that Lincoln has in the necessity of preserving the Union is because the Union is necessary to preserve the democratic experiment.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：林肯坚信有必要维护联邦，因为联邦对于维护民主实验是必要的。
And what that democratic experiment meant to him was the chance for a poor person with hard work and discipline to move from one rung in the ladder to another, because there was opportunity, because there was equality.
这个民主实验对他来说意味着一个努力工作和遵守纪律的穷人有机会从梯子的一个梯级晋升到另一个梯级，因为有机会，因为有平等。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Physically speaking, we cannot separate.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“从身体上来说，我们无法分离。
We cannot remove our respective sections from each other, nor build an impassable wall between them...."
我们不能将我们各自的部分相互分开，也不能在它们之间建造一堵无法逾越的墙……”
"In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine is the momentous issue of Civil War.
“我心怀不满的同胞们，内战的重大问题掌握在你们手中，而不是我手中。
The government will not assail you.
政府不会攻击你。
You can have no conflict, without being yourselves the aggressors..."
你们不可能有冲突，除非你们自己成为侵略者……”
"I am loath to close.
“我不愿意关门。
We are not enemies, but friends.
我们不是敌人，而是朋友。
We must not be enemies.
我们决不能成为敌人。
Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection.
尽管激情可能会紧张，但它绝不能破坏我们的感情纽带。
The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield, and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature."
记忆的神秘和弦，从每一个战场、爱国者的坟墓，延伸到这片广阔土地上的每一颗活生生的心和炉石，当我们本性中的善良天使再次触动时，他们肯定会被触动，联邦的合唱团将随之壮大。”
Narrator: As Lincoln spoke in Washington, a big crowd in Charleston, South Carolina, cheered as the flag of the Confederate States of America was hauled to the top of its pole.
旁白：林肯在华盛顿发表讲话时，南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的一大群人欢呼雀跃，美利坚联盟国的旗帜被拉到了旗杆的顶端。
Out in Charleston harbor stood Fort Sumter, guarded by less than 100 federal soldiers.
查尔斯顿港外矗立着萨姆特堡，由不到 100 名联邦士兵守卫。
South Carolina troops trained cannon on the fort and demanded its surrender.
南卡罗来纳州军队向堡垒发射大炮并要求其投降。
With Sumter's defenders running out of food, South Carolina vowed to fire upon any federal ship that tried to reinforce or re-supply them.
随着萨姆特守军的食物耗尽，南卡罗来纳州发誓要向任何试图增援或补给的联邦船只开火。
Abraham Lincoln knew almost nothing about warfare, had never managed anything larger than his two man law firm -- but it was now up to him to decide how to respond to the Southern threat.
亚伯拉罕·林肯对战争几乎一无所知，也从未管理过比他的两人律师事务所更大的公司——但现在由他决定如何应对南方的威胁。
Defend or surrender Sumter?
保卫还是投降萨姆特？
To defend it, he knew, meant war.
他知道，保卫它就意味着战争。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "March 28, 1861, Washington is perfectly charming....
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“1861 年 3 月 28 日，华盛顿非常迷人......
I am beginning to feel so perfectly at home and enjoy everything so much.
我开始有宾至如归的感觉，非常享受一切。
Every evening our blue room is filled with the elite of the land."
每天晚上，我们的蓝色房间里都挤满了这片土地上的精英。”
Narrator: Mary Lincoln came to Washington with high hopes, determined to do her husband proud and also to make her own mark on the city, to live up to the brand-new title a British correspondent had coined for her -- "First Lady."
旁白：玛丽·林肯满怀希望来到华盛顿，决心让她的丈夫感到骄傲，并在这座城市留下自己的印记，不辜负一位英国记者为她创造的全新头衔——“第一夫人”。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She was going to dress the part and she was going to act the part and she was going to shine and do her best for her husband and she was going to prove that this man was not a hick from the sticks and she was not some Midwestern small town frump.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：她要打扮得像这个角色，她要表现得像这个角色，她要发光发热，为她的丈夫竭尽全力，她要证明这个男人不是一个乡巴佬，她也不是某个中西部小镇的邋遢女人。
Narrator: "She is more self-possessed than Mister Lincoln," one newspaper reported, "and has accommodated more readily than her taller half to the exalted station to which she has been so strangely advanced."
旁白：“她比林肯先生更沉着，”一份报纸报道说，“并且比她的高个子更容易适应崇高的地位，而她已经如此奇怪地晋升到了崇高的地位。”
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Here comes Mary Lincoln, all flags flying, standing up there beside her husband, presiding at teas, presiding at coffees, being charming, making political pronouncement.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：玛丽·林肯来了，旗帜飘扬，站在她丈夫身边，主持茶会，主持咖啡会，魅力四射，发表政治声明。
She burst upon Washington like fireworks on an empty sky, and she provided enormous copy for people who had never even thought of covering a President's wife before.
她像空旷天空中的烟花一样突然出现在华盛顿，她为那些以前从未想过报道总统夫人的人们提供了巨大的副本。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: She loved being the center of attention, and it was her greatest dream.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：她喜欢成为关注的焦点，这是她最大的梦想。
She was probably not psychologically cut out to be at the center of the storm in which she found herself.
从心理上来说，她可能不适合处于风暴的中心。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Though Mary's arrival in Washington should have been a moment of triumph, it must have been so hard for her knowing that so much of her strength came from her southern roots: the South has seceded.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：虽然玛丽抵达华盛顿本应是一个胜利的时刻，但她一定很难知道，她的这么多力量来自她的南方根源：南方已经脱离了联邦。
Her sisters and brothers are on the opposite side.
她的兄弟姐妹都站在相反的一边。
She's cut off from those roots, and she's on a collision course with her very own past.
她与那些根源隔绝了，她正与自己的过去发生冲突。
The Southerners feel that she's a traitor for being married to Lincoln, and herself being a passionate defender of the Union cause.
南方人认为她是叛徒，因为她嫁给了林肯，而她自己又是联邦事业的热情捍卫者。
On the other hand, the Northerners are very suspicious.
另一方面，北方人则非常多疑。
So she really becomes a woman without a country.
于是她就真的成了一个没有祖国的女人了。
Narrator: On Mary Lincoln's first day in her new home, she and her children had gone from room to room.
旁白：玛丽·林肯搬到新家的第一天，她和孩子们从一个房间走到另一个房间。
She was appalled by what she found.
她对自己的发现感到震惊。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She said, "She never saw such abominable furniture in her life, that if she had lived in the humblest cabin she would never have given it house room.
传记作家琳达·莱维特·特纳：她说：“她一生中从未见过如此令人厌恶的家具，如果她住在最简陋的小屋里，她永远不会给它留出空间。
It was so awful."
太可怕了。”
Jean Baker, Biographer: It looked like a second-rate hotel.
Jean Baker，传记作者：它看起来像一家二流酒店。
And there was broken furniture, stained rugs.
还有破损的家具和污迹斑斑的地毯。
So Mary Lincoln arrives.
玛丽·林肯来了。
She's ambitious, she's energetic, and her idea is to make the White House into a statement.
她雄心勃勃，精力充沛，她的想法是让白宫成为一个宣言。
She intended to use it as a symbol of the Union power.
她打算用它作为联邦权力的象征。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: The Union was breaking apart.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：联盟正在分裂。
The White House was the home of the President of the United States, and he deserved virtually a palace to live in, lest anybody think that the White House was falling apart along with the Union.
白宫是美国总统的官邸，他实际上应该有一座宫殿居住，以免有人认为白宫正在与联邦一起分崩离析。
Narrator: Mary resolved to transform the old house, and Congress gave her the money to get the job done.
旁白：玛丽决定改造老房子，国会给了她资金来完成这项工作。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Suddenly she had an appropriation of 20 thousand dollars to spend as she liked.
琳达·莱维特·特纳（Linda Levitt Turner），传记作家：突然之间，她有了 2 万美元的拨款，可以随心所欲地花。
And she loved stores and she'd loved shopping, and she was determined to turn this house into a fitting home.
她喜欢商店，也喜欢购物，她决心把这所房子变成一个合适的家。
Narrator: March 5, 1861.
旁白：1861 年 3 月 5 日。
On his first day in the Executive Mansion, Lincoln found a message on his desk from Fort Sumter.
在到达行政官邸的第一天，林肯在他的办公桌上发现了一条来自萨姆特堡的消息。
The Federal Garrison was growing desperate.
联邦驻军越来越绝望。
Without food and supplies, it could not hold out much longer.
没有食物和补给，它就坚持不了多久了。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Fort Sumter was the symbol.
长，历史学家：萨姆特堡是象征。
It was in Charleston harbor, the birthplace of the rebellion.
它位于查尔斯顿港，叛乱的发源地。
To give Fort Sumter up at this point would have dealt a devastating blow to Northern morale in this crisis.
此时放弃萨姆特堡将对这场危机中的北方士气造成毁灭性打击。
Narrator: The President summoned the Commander of the United States Army, the hero of the Mexican War, Winfield Scott.
旁白：总统召见美国陆军司令、墨西哥战争英雄温菲尔德·斯科特。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: Winfield Scott said it would take 20,000 troops and a whole fleet of naval ships to reinforce Fort Sumter, and it would start a bloody war that would destroy this country.
历史学家麦克弗森：温菲尔德·斯科特说，需要两万名士兵和一整支海军舰艇舰队来增援萨姆特堡，这将引发一场血腥战争，摧毁这个国家。
So Scott says, "Pull out."
所以斯科特说：“退出。”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: And yet, Lincoln had promised in his Inaugural Address that he would yield no Federal property or installations to the rebels.
朗，历史学家：然而，林肯在就职演说中承诺，他不会向叛军提供任何联邦财产或设施。
Narrator: Lincoln seemed trapped.
旁白：林肯似乎被困住了。
To fire in defense of Sumter risked driving more states out of the Union.
为了保卫萨姆特而开火可能会导致更多州退出联邦。
To do nothing meant surrendering to the Confederacy.
什么都不做就意味着向联邦投降。
He asked his cabinet for their advice.
他向内阁征求建议。
On March 16 -- 10 days after the Sumter crisis had begun -- they gave him their recommendations: all but two urged him to give up the fort.
3 月 16 日，也就是萨姆特危机开始 10 天后，他们向他提出了建议：除两人外，所有人都敦促他放弃这座堡垒。
If Federal ships tried to shoot their way in, they told him, you will be accused of starting a war.
他们告诉他，如果联邦船只试图闯入，你将被指控发动战争。
Lincoln listened but did not act.
林肯听了，但没有采取行动。
Wait, he said, give the Confederates time to come to their senses.
等等，他说，给南方邦联时间恢复理智。
One more week went by, then two.
又一周过去了，然后是两周。
The Union soldiers inside the fort grew increasingly desperate for food.
要塞内的联邦士兵越来越缺乏食物。
Still Lincoln hesitated.
林肯仍然犹豫不决。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Here's this new President getting such strong advice from almost everybody against what he feels he should do.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：这位新总统从几乎每个人那里得到了如此强烈的建议，反对他认为自己应该做的事情。
And somehow holding those contradictions inside himself, he says, "I'm not ready to make this decision yet."
他以某种方式将这些矛盾隐藏在自己内心，他说：“我还没有准备好做出这个决定。”
Narrator: As Lincoln waited, he grew more and more depressed.
旁白：林肯在等待的过程中变得越来越沮丧。
Sleepless, tormented by migraines, he was, he said, "in the dumps." The strain was so great, Mary noted, that at one point, her husband "keeled over" -- fainted dead away.
他彻夜难眠，饱受偏头痛的折磨，他说，“心情十分沮丧”。玛丽指出，压力如此之大，以至于她的丈夫有一次“晕倒了”——昏倒了。
Then Secretary of State William Seward made an astonishing proposal.
当时的国务卿威廉·苏厄德提出了一项令人震惊的提议。
He told the President that Sumter should be abandoned, and if the President wasn't willing to make policy, he was.
他告诉总统应该放弃萨姆特，如果总统不愿意制定政策，他愿意。
All along Seward had been playing a shadowy game, leaking hints to the press that the fort was about to be given up, even secretly passing the word to the Confederates that he would soon be empowered to negotiate its surrender.
苏厄德一直在玩阴暗的游戏，向媒体泄露要塞即将被放弃的暗示，甚至秘密地向南方联盟透露，他很快将被授权进行投降谈判。
Lincoln put Seward in his place.
林肯让苏厄德接替了他的位置。
The President -- and no one else -- would make policy, Lincoln told his Secretary of State.
林肯告诉他的国务卿，总统——而不是其他人——将制定政策。
Five weeks after Lincoln's Inauguration, a clash at Fort Sumter now seemed inevitable.
林肯就职五周后，萨姆特堡的冲突似乎不可避免。
A Union fleet was preparing for action outside Charleston Harbor.
一支联邦舰队正在查尔斯顿港外准备行动。
The President had finally devised a shrewd plan.
总统终于想出了一个精明的计划。
He warned the Governor of South Carolina:
他警告南卡罗来纳州州长：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "An attempt will be made to supply Fort Sumter with provisions only.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我们将尝试仅向萨姆特堡供应粮食。
If such attempt be not resisted, no effort to throw in men, arms or ammunition will be made without further notice."
如果这种企图不被抵制，我们将不会在没有进一步通知的情况下派遣人员、武器或弹药。”
Narrator: If the rebels wanted a war so badly they were willing to open fire on boats carrying "food for hungry men," Lincoln said, "then the blame would be theirs alone."
旁白：林肯说，如果叛军如此强烈地想要一场战争，他们愿意向运送“为饥饿的人们提供食物”的船只开火，那么责任就只有他们自己了。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: It was an ingenious solution because now the Confederates had to fire the first shot.
朗，历史学家：这是一个巧妙的解决方案，因为现在同盟军必须打响第一枪。
"We will not be the aggressors." He promised that in his Inaugural Address.
“我们不会成为侵略者。”他在就职演说中承诺了这一点。
"You will have to be the aggressors and as the aggressors, you will leave us the moral high ground."
“你们必须成为侵略者，而作为侵略者，你们将给我们留下道德制高点。”
Narrator: At 4:30 in the morning on April 12, 1861, South Carolina batteries opened fire.
旁白：1861 年 4 月 12 日凌晨 4 点 30 分，南卡罗来纳州的炮台开火。
The shelling went on for more than 33 hours.
炮击持续了33个多小时。
Finally, the Union soldiers surrendered.
最后，联邦士兵投降了。
The rebel flag now flew over Fort Sumter.
叛军旗帜现在飘扬在萨姆特堡上空。
The American Civil War had begun.
美国内战开始了。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, in virtue of the power in me vested by the Constitution hereby do call forth, the militia of the several states of the Union, in order to suppress said rebellious combinations, and to cause the laws to be duly executed...."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我，亚伯拉罕·林肯，美国总统，凭借宪法赋予我的权力，特此召集联邦各州的民兵，镇压上述叛乱联合体，并促使法律得到适当执行……”
Narrator: Lincoln hoped the rebellion would be over soon.
旁白：林肯希望叛乱能够尽快结束。
He called upon the loyal states to supply 75,000 militiamen.
他呼吁忠诚的国家提供 75,000 名民兵。
Each man would need to serve just 90 days.
每个人只需服刑 90 天。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: Lincoln was convinced that a majority of people in the Confederate states really were unionists and that they were being swept out of the Union by the passion of the moment.
历史学家麦克弗森：林肯坚信，南部邦联各州的大多数人确实是联邦主义者，并且他们正在被当时的热情驱赶出联邦。
Narrator: Within weeks, four more southern states left the Union -- Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, North Carolina.
旁白：几周之内，又有四个南方州脱离了联邦——弗吉尼亚州、田纳西州、阿肯色州、北卡罗来纳州。
Lincoln now feared that the slave-holding border states of Missouri, Maryland, Delaware, and Kentucky -- the state where he and Mary had both been born -- would leave, too.
林肯现在担心密苏里州、马里兰州、特拉华州和肯塔基州等奴隶制边境州——他和玛丽都出生的州——也会离开。
But Lincoln clung to the hope that one big Union victory could still bring the South to its senses and end the rebellion.
但林肯仍然希望联邦的一场重大胜利仍能让南方清醒过来并结束叛乱。
In the days immediately following Fort Sumter, Washington seemed like a ghost town.
在萨姆特堡之后的几天里，华盛顿看起来就像一座鬼城。
Hundreds of Southern-born clerks left their jobs with the Federal Government and slipped away into Confederate Virginia.
数百名南方出生的职员辞去了联邦政府的工作，溜到了弗吉尼亚南部邦联。
Using a spyglass from the upstairs windows of the White House, the Lincolns could see rebel flags flying over Alexandria, just across the Potomac.
林肯夫妇从白宫楼上的窗户上使用望远镜，可以看到叛军旗帜飘扬在波托马克河对岸的亚历山大港上空。
A Confederate attack could come at any time.
同盟军的袭击随时可能发生。
A band of nervous civilians patrolled the White House grounds.
一群紧张的平民在白宫场地巡逻。
Washington was almost defenseless.
华盛顿几乎毫无防备。
Lincoln waited impatiently for reinforcements.
林肯不耐烦地等待援军。
But as Union soldiers attempted to march through Baltimore to relieve the Capital, mobs of secessionists attacked them.
但当联邦士兵试图穿过巴尔的摩解救首都时，分裂分子暴徒袭击了他们。
Four soldiers were killed.
四名士兵被杀。
Lincoln paced his office, muttering, "Why don't they come!
林肯在他的办公室里踱来踱去，嘀咕道：“他们为什么不来！
Why don't they come!" Rumors of an imminent attack on the President himself were kept from Mary for fear her nerves would fail her.
他们怎么还不来！”玛丽没有透露总统本人即将遭到袭击的传言，因为她担心她会紧张。
Finally, on April 25, the 7th New York regiment marched briskly past the White House.
最后，4月25日，第七纽约团轻快地行进经过白宫。
The men brought word that more regiments were right behind them.
这些人带来消息说更多的团就在他们身后。
As Lincoln hurried out to greet them, they cheered his wife, who quickly gave way to tears of relief, while the President, one observer wrote, seemed to "smile all over."
当林肯急忙出来迎接他们时，他们为他的妻子欢呼，她很快就流下了如释重负的泪水，而一位观察家写道，总统似乎“满面笑容”。
Two days later, to make sure secessionists could not stand in the way of Union troops again, Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus: now American citizens could be arrested without knowing the charges made against them.
两天后，为了确保分离主义者不会再次阻碍联邦军队，林肯暂停了人身保护令：现在美国公民可以在不知道针对他们的指控的情况下被捕。
The President argued that by suspending one part of the constitution, he would save the rest.
总统辩称，通过暂停宪法的一部分，他可以保留其余部分。
Those people, North or South, who had thought Lincoln was a weakling, were learning how wrong they had been.
那些曾经认为林肯是个弱者的人，无论是北方还是南方，现在都意识到他们的想法是多么错误。
On May 10, Mary Lincoln and three companions set out on a shopping expedition to Philadelphia, Boston, and New York.
5 月 10 日，玛丽·林肯和三位同伴出发前往费城、波士顿和纽约进行购物之旅。
Shopping had always helped to soothe Mary's anxieties, and her plans for re-doing the President's house now consumed her.
购物一直有助于缓解玛丽的焦虑，而现在，她重新装修总统府的计划却让她心力交瘁。
"Her chief enjoyment," her sister would later write, "consists in purchasing and storing."
她姐姐后来写道：“她的主要乐趣在于购买和储存。”
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: It was Lincoln who suggested that Mary make this trip to get her away from the tension of Washington and to give her some sort of joy back in her own life again...
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：林肯建议玛丽进行这次旅行，让她摆脱华盛顿的紧张气氛，并让她重新回到自己的生活中……
And it didn't seem like a very unreasonable trip at the start.
而且一开始看起来这并不是一次非常不合理的旅行。
She needed a new carriage for them in Washington.
她在华盛顿需要一辆新马车供他们使用。
She wanted a new dinner service for the White House.
她希望为白宫提供新的晚餐服务。
Narrator: She was horrified to find that reporters followed her from store to store, quizzing sales clerks about every purchase she made.
旁白：她惊讶地发现记者跟踪她从一家商店到另一家商店，向销售人员询问她购买的每一件商品。
They reported that she had ordered costly bedsteads, carpets, curtains, wallpaper, glassware, and two sets of dinnerware -- at $1100 each.
他们报告说，她订购了昂贵的床架、地毯、窗帘、壁纸、玻璃器皿和两套餐具——每套 1100 美元。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: She invited, unwittingly, criticism of the press by even taking such a trip in the midst of such a terrible time.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：她在如此可怕的时期进行这样的旅行，无意中招致了媒体的批评。
It is the hour of self-sacrifice.
这是自我牺牲的时刻。
The hour of death.
死亡时刻。
It's the time when the country is undergoing this severe struggle.
现在正是这个国家正在经历这场严峻斗争的时期。
Narrator: Newspapers accused her of tasteless extravagance.
旁白：报纸指责她奢侈浪费。
"She evidently has no comprehension," wrote the Philadelphia Sunday Dispatch, "that Jeff Davis will make good his threat to occupy the White House in July." The criticism only made Mary more anxious -- and more eager to shop.
《费城星期日快报》写道：“她显然不明白杰夫·戴维斯将在七月份兑现占领白宫的威胁。”这些批评只会让玛丽更加焦虑，也更加渴望购物。
There would be more trips, more "purchasing and storing."
会有更多的旅行，更多的“采购和储存”。
On Sunday morning, July 21, while the Lincolns attended services at the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church, a great battle was about to begin just 25 miles from Washington, along Bull Run Creek in Virginia.
7 月 21 日星期日早上，当林肯一家在纽约大道长老会教堂参加礼拜时，一场大战即将在距华盛顿仅 25 英里、弗吉尼亚州布尔朗溪沿岸打响。
The President had ordered the action over the protests of the Union commander who had said that his men were not yet ready for combat.
总统不顾联盟指挥官的抗议下令采取行动，因为联盟指挥官称他的部队尚未做好战斗准备。
If they didn't do battle soon, Lincoln warned, their 90-day enlistment would be up.
林肯警告说，如果他们不尽快参战，他们的 90 天入伍期就会结束。
As the President and his family walked home, they could just hear the distant sound of artillery.
当总统和他的家人步行回家时，他们只能听到远处的炮声。
The first dispatches were encouraging.
首批派遣令人鼓舞。
A Union victory, Lincoln hoped, might end the war.
林肯希望联邦的胜利可能会结束战争。
Relieved, the Lincolns went for a carriage ride.
林肯一家松了口气，坐上了马车。
Then, a rider caught up with them with an ominous message from the battlefield: the tide had turned.
然后，一名骑手追上了他们，并带来了来自战场的不祥信息：潮流已经逆转。
Union troops were now streaming back toward Washington in full retreat.
联邦军队现在正在全面撤退，向华盛顿撤退。
Soon the streets were filled with ambulances and stumbling, weary soldiers.
很快，街道上就挤满了救护车和跌跌撞撞、疲惫不堪的士兵。
It was the first full-scale battle of the war, and the Union had lost.
这是战争中的第一次全面战斗，联邦失败了。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Lincoln's very surprised, not just by the defeat, but by the extent of the defeat.
历史学家朗：林肯非常惊讶，不仅是对失败，而且是对失败的程度。
I mean it was not just a battlefield defeat; it was turned into a rout.
我的意思是，这不仅仅是战场上的失败；更是一场失败。结果变成了一场溃败。
I mean they called this "the great skedaddle" as the Union army fled from the field.
我的意思是，当联邦军队逃离战场时，他们称之为“大骗局”。
Narrator: Lincoln did not go to bed that night.
旁白：那天晚上林肯没有睡觉。
He lay on a sofa in his office, instead, listening to eyewitnesses describe the disaster: 625 boys dead, more than 2,000 wounded or missing.
相反，他躺在办公室的沙发上，听目击者描述这场灾难：625 名男孩死亡，2000 多人受伤或失踪。
It was now clear that this war would take more than 90 days to win.
现在很清楚，这场战争需要90多天才能获胜。
The Capital had become the most heavily fortified city on earth and the sound of drums was everywhere.
都城已经成为地球上戒备最森严的城池，到处都是鼓声。
A new General was turning 100,000 untrained volunteers into a mighty, disciplined force, the Army of the Potomac.
一位新将军正在将 100,000 名未经训练的志愿者转变为一支强大、纪律严明的军队，即波托马克军团。
His admirers called him "the Young Napoleon."
他的崇拜者称他为“年轻的拿破仑”。
Lincoln had appointed General George Brinton McClellan, a little man with impressive credentials, a 35-year-old West Pointer, who had studied tactics in Europe.
林肯任命乔治·布林顿·麦克莱伦将军为将军，他是一位资历显赫的小个子，是一名 35 岁的西点军校队员，曾在欧洲研究过战术。
He promised to make short work of the Confederacy.
他承诺将尽快消灭邦联。
"I can do it all," he told the President.
“我可以做到这一切，”他告诉总统。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: McClellan was a genius.
朗，历史学家：麦克莱伦是个天才。
As a man who could prepare an army to perform the task it's required to perform in wartime, McClellan has no peer.
作为一个能够让军队做好战时任务准备的人，麦克莱伦是无与伦比的。
McClellan had a relationship with his troops.
麦克莱伦与他的部队有着密切的关系。
There was an affection, an intimacy.
有一种感情，一种亲密。
McClellan regarded them as though they were his sons and he was their father.
麦克莱伦视他们为自己的儿子，而他则是他们的父亲。
They revered him.
他们尊敬他。
Narrator: As McClellan prepared his army for battle, huge crowds turned out to watch him.
旁白：当麦克莱伦准备他的军队进行战斗时，大批群众前来观看他。
The General had become enormously popular.
将军变得非常受欢迎。
But as Summer turned to Fall, he showed no signs of moving against the enemy.
但随着夏秋交替，他却没有表现出任何与敌人对抗的迹象。
Lincoln wanted action.
林肯希望采取行动。
The North needed a victory.
北方需要一场胜利。
But McClellan refused to take his men into battle.
但麦克莱伦拒绝率部参战。
They weren't ready, he said.
他说，他们还没有准备好。
The General insisted he knew better than the President.
将军坚称他比总统更了解。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: McClellan thought of himself as a man who was deeply superior to the President.
米勒，历史学家：麦克莱伦认为自己是一个远远优于总统的人。
He was a northern aristocrat, well-schooled, well-educated, spoke a number of languages.
他是一位北方贵族，受过良好的教育，受过良好的教育，会说多种语言。
And he saw Lincoln as a backwoods, backwater politician, crude, unlettered.
他认为林肯是一个穷乡僻壤、一潭死水的政客，粗鲁、无知。
He hated his humor.
他讨厌他的幽默。
He hated the style of his dress.
他讨厌他的衣服风格。
They were exact opposites.
他们是完全相反的。
And he would have nothing do with Lincoln.
他不会与林肯有任何关系。
Narrator: McClellan even refused to let the Commander-in-Chief in on his plans.
旁白：麦克莱伦甚至拒绝让总司令参与他的计划。
Lincoln, McClellan, wrote his wife, is "nothing more than a well-meaning baboon...
林肯，麦克莱伦，在他的妻子写道，“只不过是一只善意的狒狒......
the original gorilla." Aides urged the President to fire the General.
原来的大猩猩。”助手们敦促总统解雇将军。
Lincoln said only "he would gladly hold McClellan's horse if it brought victories." Fall turned to Winter.
林肯只说“如果麦克莱伦的马能带来胜利，他会很乐意骑它”。秋天变成了冬天。
There were countless parades and grand reviews, but there were no victories.
阅兵无数，盛大检阅无数，却没有胜利。
McClellan kept on drilling.
麦克莱伦继续钻探。
Lincoln worked every day, from seven in the morning till late at night.
林肯每天都工作，从早上七点一直工作到深夜。
He took no holidays, often failed to take time to eat.
他没有休假，经常连吃饭的时间都没有。
Mary did her best to make her distracted husband's life bearable.
玛丽竭尽全力让心烦意乱的丈夫过上可以忍受的生活。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: At the start Mary was able to ease his burden slightly.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：一开始，玛丽能够稍微减轻他的负担。
She would invite friends of his to breakfast hoping they could distract him from the problems of the day.
她会邀请他的朋友吃早餐，希望他们能分散他对当天问题的注意力。
But as the war progressed, his willingness to take these moments of relaxation diminished.
但随着战争的进展，他享受这些放松时刻的意愿逐渐减弱。
And Mary really felt that she had less time with him than ever before in their marriage.
玛丽真的觉得她和他在一起的时间比他们婚姻中以往任何时候都少。
In the past Lincoln could always break away from the law offices to go home and comfort Mary in one of her difficult moments, in a thunderstorm, in one of those times when she was upset.
过去，林肯总能在玛丽遇到困难的时候，在雷暴雨中，在她心烦意乱的时候，离开律师事务所回家安慰她。
But now his workload was of such great nature that he could not provide that comfort or calmness to her.
但现在他的工作量太大了，他无法给她带来那种安慰或平静。
And she had a temperament that depended upon his calmness to bring it back into balance.
而她的气质则需要他的冷静才能使之恢复平衡。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: She had not calculated on the absorption of Lincoln in the affairs of state and the effect that that would have on her.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：她没有考虑到林肯对国家事务的专注以及这会对她产生的影响。
He was gone every minute of every day, and when he was there he wasn't there 'cause he was trying to run a war.
他每天每时每刻都在离开，而当他在那里时，他却不在那里，因为他正试图发动一场战争。
She felt alone and abandoned
她感到孤独和被遗弃
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "I consider myself fortunate if at eleven o'clock, I once more find myself in my pleasant room and very especially if my tired and weary husband is there, waiting...
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“如果在十一点钟，我再次发现自己身处舒适的房间，特别是如果我疲惫不堪的丈夫在那里等待，我认为自己很幸运......
to receive me."
来接待我。”
Narrator: Back in Springfield, Mary had prided herself on offering her husband political advice, but she did not know Washington, and he had little time to listen to her.
旁白：回到斯普林菲尔德，玛丽为自己向丈夫提供政治建议而感到自豪，但她不了解华盛顿，而华盛顿也没有时间听她说话。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Their shared partnership was something that I think that had kept them together even with difficulties in their marriage.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：我认为他们共同的伙伴关系使他们即使在婚姻中遇到困难也能保持在一起。
Now the ground on which that had rested is crumbling little by little.
现在，曾经赖以生存的土地正在一点一点地崩塌。
Narrator: Mary threw herself into her campaign to refurbish the Executive Mansion.
旁白：玛丽全身心投入到翻新行政官邸的活动中。
She was almost finished now.
她现在快完成了。
The private rooms upstairs were all done over.
楼上的包间全部重新装修过。
The public rooms were filled with splendid new furnishings, covered in silk and damask.
公共房间里摆满了华丽的新家具，上面覆盖着丝绸和锦缎。
In the East Room, the vast new Belgian carpet looked, one visitor wrote, "as if the ocean, in gleaming and transparent waves, were tossing roses at your feet."
一位参观者写道，在东厅，巨大的新比利时地毯看起来“就像海洋，在闪闪发光的透明波浪中，在你的脚下抛洒玫瑰。”
But the bills had also begun to arrive.
但账单也开始到了。
Mary Lincoln had overspent her $20,000 budget -- by almost half.
玛丽·林肯的 20,000 美元预算已经超支了几乎一半。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: What had begun as a reasonable project to make the White House a more livable, lovely place for both her husband and the country became an obsessive pursuit.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：最初是一个合理的项目，目的是让白宫成为她丈夫和国家更宜居、更可爱的地方，但后来变成了一种痴迷的追求。
And as her expenditures got higher and higher, she needed people to protect her.
而且随着她的开支越来越大，她需要有人来保护她。
Narrator: Mary turned to John Watt, the White House head gardener, for help.
旁白：玛丽向白宫首席园丁约翰·瓦特寻求帮助。
He showed her how to pad expense accounts, even suggested she quietly appropriate funds meant for others for her own use.
他向她展示了如何记入费用账目，甚至建议她悄悄地将本来属于别人的资金挪作己用。
She was desperate to keep her besieged husband in the dark, afraid of how he would react to a scandal so close to home.
她迫切希望让她被围困的丈夫蒙在鼓里，担心他会对离家如此近的丑闻做出反应。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: She's not telling Lincoln the truth.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：她没有告诉林肯真相。
She not only lies about how much she's spending but feels compelled to keep doing it.
她不仅谎报自己花了多少钱，而且觉得有必要继续这样做。
Narrator: She tearfully implored a friendly government Commissioner to ask the President for a supplemental appropriation from Congress.
旁白：她含泪恳求一位友好的政府专员向总统请求国会追加拨款。
Her husband would not hear of it.
她的丈夫不会听到这件事。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It never can have my approval....
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“它永远不可能得到我的批准......
It would stink in the nostrils of the American people to have it said that the President of the United States had approved a bill overrunning an appropriation of $20,000 for flub-dubs for this damned old house when the soldiers cannot have blankets....
如果有人说美国总统批准了一项拨款超过 20,000 美元的法案，用于在士兵们没有毯子的情况下为这座该死的老房子建造房屋，那美国人民的鼻孔就会发臭……
The house was furnished well enough, better than any one we ever lived in...
房子布置得很好，比我们住过的任何一栋房子都要好……
Well, I suppose Mrs. Lincoln must bear the blame, let her bear it, I swear I won't!"
好吧，我想林肯夫人必须承担这个责任，让她承担吧，我发誓我不会！”
Narrator: He vowed to pay the extra costs himself, but the Republican Congress eventually came to his rescue, burying the surplus in the next year's appropriations bill.
旁白：他发誓要自己支付额外费用，但共和党国会最终出手相救，将盈余埋入了明年的拨款法案中。
"I wish they wouldn't stare at us so," 11-year-old Willy Lincoln once complained.
“我希望他们不要这样盯着我们看，”11 岁的威利·林肯曾经抱怨道。
"Wasn't there ever a President who had children?"
“难道没有一位总统有过孩子吗？”
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: There was a motto in the White House during those years, "Let the children have a good time." The kids were allowed to run through the house into Cabinet meetings, at State Dinners they were present, throwing strawberries around.
历史学家多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温：那些年白宫有一句座右铭，“让孩子们玩得开心”。孩子们被允许穿过房子参加内阁会议，在国宴上他们也出席并到处扔草莓。
And outsiders could not understand how the parents were not keeping these kids under wrap.
外人无法理解父母为何不把这些孩子保密。
Narrator: Robert, the oldest of the Lincoln boys was away studying at Harvard.
旁白：罗伯特是林肯家族中最年长的男孩，当时他正在哈佛学习。
His two younger brothers more than made up for his absence.
他的两个弟弟弥补了他的缺席。
Lincoln called them "my blessed fellows."
林肯称他们为“我受祝福的同胞”。
Jean Baker, Biographer: Can you imagine anything more exciting than having troops stationed in your living room?
传记作家吉恩·贝克：你能想象还有什么比军队驻扎在你的客厅更令人兴奋的事情吗？
Troops who let you shoot their guns off sometime?
那些有时让你开枪的部队？
Narrator: Tad and Willy made a soldier doll from rags, named him Jack, sentenced him to be shot for falling asleep on duty, then appealed to the President for clemency.
旁白：泰德和威利用破布做了一个士兵娃娃，给他起名叫杰克，判处他因在值班时睡着而被枪杀，然后请求总统宽大处理。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "The doll, Jack, is pardoned.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“杰克，这个娃娃已被赦免。
By order of the President.
奉总统令。
A.
A.
Lincoln."
林肯。”
Narrator: Tad hanged Jack, anyway.
旁白：无论如何，泰德吊死了杰克。
The doll was a "traitor and a spy," he said.
他说，这个娃娃是“叛徒和间谍”。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: When it came to the upbringing of their children, they both had similar ideas because they had had unhappy childhoods themselves in very different ways.
传记作家琳达·莱维特·特纳：在抚养孩子方面，他们都有相似的想法，因为他们自己也以截然不同的方式度过了不快乐的童年。
Mary Genevieve Murphy, Todd Family Friend: Mary, I think, was a little more the disciplinarian.
托德家庭朋友玛丽·吉纳维夫·墨菲：我认为，玛丽更有纪律性。
Lincoln just let them do as they pleased.
林肯只是让他们为所欲为。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: He was infinitely tolerant of children.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：他对孩子无限宽容。
He did not care at all whether children were disciplined.
他根本不关心孩子是否受到管教。
He didn't want children to be disciplined.
他不希望孩子受到管教。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: They would scatter papers and climb on the furniture and make a mess of things.
琳达·莱维特·特纳（Linda Levitt Turner），传记作家：他们会散落纸张，爬上家具，把东西弄得一团糟。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: It didn't bother Lincoln at all.
历史学家斯特罗泽：这根本没有困扰林肯。
He just would keep writing whatever document he needed to write.
他只是继续写他需要写的任何文件。
Narrator: Tad, as one of his father's Secretaries put it, was "full of merry mischief." When he opened fire with a toy cannon on one of his father's cabinet meetings, Lincoln just laughed.
旁白：泰德，正如他父亲的一位秘书所说，“充满了快乐的恶作剧”。当林肯在父亲的一次内阁会议上用玩具大炮开火时，他只是笑了。
"Let him run," he said.
“让他跑吧，”他说。
"There's time enough yet for him to learn his letters and get poky."
“他还有足够的时间来学习字母并变得迟钝。”
Willy, Tad's older brother, was more serious.
泰德的哥哥威利则更为严肃。
When Tad smashed a mirror with his ball, Willy Lincoln gave him a lecture: "That mirror does not belong to Pa," he said, "it belongs to the United States Government."
当泰德用球砸碎镜子时，威利·林肯训斥了他：“那面镜子不属于爸爸，”他说，“它属于美国政府。”
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: The child Lincoln was closest to was Willy.
历史学家斯特罗泽：林肯最亲近的孩子是威利。
Willy was the most sensitive, the most like him, the most poetic....
威利是最敏感、最像他、最有诗意的……
And he loved having him around.
而且他喜欢有他在身边。
He loved having him sit on his lap and, you know, read to him.
他喜欢让他坐在他的腿上，你知道，读书给他听。
There seemed to be a very deep connection between Lincoln and Willy.
林肯和威利之间似乎有着非常深厚的联系。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Willy always seemed, even as a young kid, wiser and older than his years.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：威利看起来总是比他的同龄人更聪明、更老，即使还是个小孩子。
Everyone said he had the gentlest, sweetest temperament.
大家都说他的气质最温柔、最甜美。
Willy seemed to combine the best traits of both of his parents, having the soul, the spirit, the intellect, and the thoughtfulness of his father, but having a certain kind of natural exuberance and an ability to enjoy life that his mother at her best had.
威利似乎结合了他父母双方最好的特质，既有他父亲的灵魂、精神、才智和体贴，又有他母亲所拥有的某种天生的活力和享受生活的能力。
Narrator: Willy, Mary liked to say "will be the hope and stay of my old age."
旁白：威利，玛丽喜欢说“将是我晚年的希望和支柱”。
By New Year's Day of 1862, it had been almost six months since Lincoln had placed McClellan at the head of the army, and the general still refused to say where or when, he would attack.
到 1862 年元旦，距离林肯任命麦克莱伦为军队统帅已经过去近六个月了，这位将军仍然拒绝透露他将在何时何地发动进攻。
While northern newspapers demanded action, the South hunkered down.
当北方报纸要求采取行动时，南方则按兵不动。
Time was on their side.
时间站在他们一边。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: The North had to go into the South, conquer all the southern armies, conquer and hold territory to win the Civil War.
历史学家米勒：北方必须进入南方，征服所有南方军队，征服并守住领土才能赢得内战。
What the South had to do is fight a war of attrition.
南方要做的就是打一场消耗战。
They had to wear down the will to fight of the North, and that was a much easier task than what the North faced.
他们必须削弱北方的战斗意志，这比北方面临的任务要容易得多。
Narrator: A frustrated Lincoln borrowed books on military strategy from the Library of Congress and began pouring over maps.
旁白：沮丧的林肯从国会图书馆借了有关军事战略的书籍，并开始研究地图。
He knew nothing about tactics, but he was determined to learn.
他对战术一无所知，但他决心学习。
"If General McClellan didn't want to use the army," he said, he might borrow it himself.
“如果麦克莱伦将军不想使用军队，”他说，他可能会自己借用军队。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: He said, "I never wanted to dabble deeply in military affairs.
历史学家米勒：他说：“我从来不想深入涉足军事事务。
I never wanted to be that kind of President, but I was forced in that direction."
我从来不想成为那样的总统，但我被迫朝这个方向发展。”
Narrator: Lincoln confided to an old friend that "we could lose this war," that there was now at least "the bare possibility of our being two nations."
旁白：林肯向一位老朋友透露，“我们可能会输掉这场战争”，现在至少“我们有可能成为两个国家”。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "The people are impatient.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“人们不耐烦了。
The bottom is out of the tub.
底部露出浴缸。
What shall I do?"
我该怎么办？”
Narrator: Finally, on January 27, 1862, the President took matters into his own hands and ordered all land and sea forces to move against the enemy on Washington's Birthday, February 22.
旁白：最终，1862 年 1 月 27 日，总统亲自下令，在 2 月 22 日华盛顿生日那天，命令所有陆地和海上部队向敌人发起进攻。
"I don't care, gentlemen, what plan you have," he told his commanders, "all I ask is for you just to pitch in."
“先生们，我不在乎你们有什么计划，”他告诉他的指挥官，“我只要求你们参与进来。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It was a meaningless kind of order from a military point of view.
传记作者大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德：从军事角度来看，这是一种毫无意义的命令。
Clearly it couldn't be done, and, indeed, I don't think Lincoln expected it to be done.
显然这是不可能完成的，事实上，我不认为林肯期望它能够完成。
But it was, in effect, a quick kick in the pants to McClellan.
但实际上，这对麦克莱伦来说是一个快速的打击。
"You've got to get going or somebody else is going to do it for you, and that somebody may have to be me, President of the United States."
“你必须开始行动，否则会有其他人为你做这件事，而这个人可能必须是我，美国总统。”
Narrator: On the evening of February 5, 1862 Mary Lincoln organized a glittering reception in the East Room.
旁白：1862 年 2 月 5 日晚上，玛丽·林肯在东厅举办了一场盛大的招待会。
Her lavish renovation would at last be on display while the Marine Band entertained with music specially composed for the occasion "the Mary Lincoln Polka."
她的奢华翻修最终将在海军陆战队乐队演奏专门为该场合创作的音乐“玛丽·林肯波尔卡”时进行展示。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Mary Lincoln's Grand Gala Levee was plotted for months and months and months.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：玛丽·林肯的盛大晚会大堤的筹划花了数月、数月、数月。
And it was such a grand party that it was the kind that people invented an excuse to be out of town if they weren't invited.
这是一场盛大的聚会，如果没有受到邀请，人们就会发明借口离开城镇。
On the table were models out of spun sugar of Fort Pickens and another one of the Ship of State and then over here was the terrapin and over there was the turkey and there was the ham and there were the shrimps and there were the oysters.
桌子上摆着皮肯斯堡的糖纺模型和另一艘国家舰的模型，这边是水龟，那边是火鸡，那边是火腿，那边是虾，那边是牡蛎。
Narrator: Mary herself appeared in a white satin dress with a neckline so low that her admiring husband asked her if some of what he called its "tail" shouldn't be sewn to the top.
旁白：玛丽本人穿着一件白色缎面连衣裙，领口很低，以至于她的仰慕者丈夫问她是否不应将一些他所谓的“尾巴”缝到顶部。
She had hoped that this splendid evening would finally make her not only the "First Lady" of the land -- but the Queen of Washington Society, as well.
她曾希望这个美好的夜晚最终不仅能让她成为这个国家的“第一夫人”，而且还能成为华盛顿女王协会的女王。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: The reception had glittering men and women, fine dining.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：接待处有光鲜亮丽的男女，还有精美的餐饮。
It was the moment of triumph that Mary had so yearned to find.
这是玛丽渴望找到的胜利时刻。
This would be her crowning glory.
这将是她至高无上的荣耀。
Narrator: The festivities went on 'til three in the morning.
旁白：庆祝活动一直持续到凌晨三点。
One newspaper called the ball "a brilliant success": "Primarily we must remark the exquisite taste with which the White House has been refitted under Mrs. L's directions...
一份报纸称这次舞会“取得了辉煌的成功”：“首先，我们必须指出的是，在 L 夫人的指导下，白宫的改造具有高雅的品味......
Mrs. L.
L 女士
possesses as rare a beauty as the Empress of the French."
拥有像法国皇后一样罕见的美貌。”
But Mary and the President spent much of that evening upstairs in 11-year-old Willy Lincoln's bedroom.
但那天晚上，玛丽和总统大部分时间都在楼上 11 岁的威利·林肯的卧室里度过。
Their son was ill with what the doctors called "bilious fever" -- typhoid.
他们的儿子得了医生所说的“胆汁热”——伤寒。
During the days and nights that followed, Mary never left Willy's side.
接下来的日日夜夜，玛丽从未离开过威利的身边。
As she nursed him, some newspapers savaged her for having entertained so lavishly in the midst of war.
当她照顾他时，一些报纸猛烈抨击她在战争期间如此奢华的招待。
"Disgraceful frivolity, hilarity, and gluttony," said one.
“可耻的轻浮、欢闹和暴饮暴食，”一位人士说道。
Another charged that the evening had been worthy of "a woman whose sympathies are with slavery and with those who are waging war."
另一位人士则指责说，这个夜晚对“一位同情奴隶制和发动战争的人来说是值得的”。
All the while, her son grew weaker.
与此同时，她的儿子却越来越虚弱。
At five in the afternoon on February 20, Willy Lincoln died.
2月20日下午五点，威利·林肯去世。
"The President lifted the cover from the face of his child," a friend remembered, "and gazed at it long and earnestly, murmuring, 'It is hard, hard to have him die.'" Willy, he said, "was too good for this world, but then we loved him so."
一位朋友回忆道：“总统揭开孩子脸上的遮盖物，认真地凝视了很久，低声说道，‘让他死很难，很难。’”他说，威利“对这个世界来说太好了，但我们却如此爱他。”
Mary Lincoln did not attend her boy's burial.
玛丽·林肯没有参加她儿子的葬礼。
As Lincoln rode with Robert through a fierce storm to the cemetery, she remained in bed, inconsolable, weeping so steadily she sometimes suffered convulsions.
当林肯和罗伯特一起穿过猛烈的暴风雨前往墓地时，她躺在床上，伤心欲绝，不停地哭泣，有时甚至会抽搐。
A nurse was in constant attendance.
一名护士一直在值班。
Mary refused to see visitors, could not answer the letters of sympathy pouring in from all over the country.
玛丽拒绝见访客，也无法回复从全国各地涌来的慰问信。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She couldn't bear even to hear the mention of Willy's name.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：她甚至无法忍受听到威利的名字被提及。
She couldn't enter his room.
她进不了他的房间。
Tad was sick with the same disease, although a milder case, for days and days and days.
泰德患了同样的病，虽然病情较轻，但已经病了好几天了。
She couldn't even bear to face Tad.
她甚至不敢面对泰德。
Narrator: Willy's toys were given away.
旁白：威利的玩具被送人了。
Even flowers he had liked were barred from the White House.
就连他喜欢的鲜花也被禁止进入白宫。
His mother could not bring herself to look at them.
他的母亲无法忍受看他们。
Mary would not leave her room for nearly a month.
玛丽近一个月都没有离开过她的房间。
All the old fears that had haunted her life reasserted themselves: her mother, her father, her son Eddy, now Willy --those she loved best would be snatched from her.
所有困扰她生活的旧恐惧再次出现：她的母亲，她的父亲，她的儿子艾迪，现在的威利——她最爱的人都会被从她身边夺走。
And this time, she saw it as a punishment from God.
而这一次，她将这视为上天的惩罚。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "I had become so wrapped up in the world, so devoted to our own political advancement, that I thought of little else besides.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“我已经变得如此沉迷于这个世界，如此致力于我们自己的政治进步，除此之外我几乎没有想到其他事情。
Our Heavenly Father sees fit...to visit us at such times for our worldliness....
我们的天父认为适合在这样的时刻来拜访我们，因为我们的世俗......
How small and insignificant all worldly honors are when we are thus so severely tried."
当我们受到如此严峻的考验时，所有世俗的荣誉都是多么渺小和微不足道。”
Narrator: Lincoln, too, was distraught.
旁白：林肯也心烦意乱。
"I never saw a man so bowed down with grief," a friend said.
一位朋友说：“我从未见过一个人如此悲伤地低头。”
But unlike Mary, Lincoln did not collapse.
但与玛丽不同的是，林肯并没有崩溃。
He did not have the time.
他没有时间。
Though devastated by his own tragedy, he would never lose sight of the greater tragedy that gripped the whole country.
尽管他对自己的悲剧感到震惊，但他永远不会忽视席卷整个国家的更大悲剧。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: It's a civil war, and the central emotional experience of the country is that of loss.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：这是一场内战，这个国家的核心情感体验是损失。
That touched him directly in February of 1862 with the death of Willy, his favorite child dying.
1862 年 2 月，他最喜爱的孩子威利去世，这对他来说是直接触动的。
But he also felt everybody else's suffering.
但他也感受到其他人的痛苦。
And he found the means of giving that personal and collective suffering some kind of voice and meaning in his role as leader.
他找到了在自己作为领导者的角色中为个人和集体的痛苦赋予某种声音和意义的方法。
Narrator: Much of the time from now on, as the President labored to restore the shattered Union, the woman he loved would be just one more of the many burdens he had to bear.
旁白：从现在开始，当总统努力恢复破碎的联邦时，他所爱的女人只是他必须承受的众多负担中的又一个。
As the war went on, Mary would retreat more and more into herself, while Lincoln would somehow find the strength to merge his own grief with the grief of his countrymen.
随着战争的继续，玛丽越来越自我封闭，而林肯则以某种方式找到力量，将自己的悲伤与同胞的悲伤融合在一起。
Part 4 Part Four: The Dearest of All Things
第四部分 第四部分：万物中最亲爱的
Narrator: On March 17, 1862, Abraham Lincoln at last got some good news: General George McClellan's mighty Army of the Potomac was finally on the move.
旁白：1862 年 3 月 17 日，亚伯拉罕·林肯终于得到了一些好消息：乔治·麦克莱伦将军强大的波托马克军团终于出动了。
One hundred and twenty-one thousand men, 14,000 horses and mules, 1,100 wagons were heading South.
十二万一千人、一万四千匹马和骡子、一千一百辆马车南下。
It would take three weeks to get it all to their jumping-off point -- Fort Monroe, Virginia.
需要三周的时间才能将这一切运送到他们的出发点——弗吉尼亚州门罗堡。
McClellan promised "great, heroic exertions, rapid and long marches, desperate combats..." all leading to the capture of the Confederate Capital at Richmond -- just 70 miles away.
麦克莱伦承诺“伟大而英勇的努力、快速而漫长的行军、绝望的战斗……”所有这些都导致了仅70英里外的南部邦联首都里士满的占领。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: His strategy for victory was fairly simple.
历史学家米勒：他的胜利策略相当简单。
Take a huge army down the Potomac, march up the Yorktown Peninsula, encircle Richmond, try to draw out the Confederate Army.
率领一支大军沿波托马克河而下，向约克镇半岛进军，包围里士满，试图引出南方联盟军。
If they came out, fight them with overwhelming odds, and this would be the end of the Civil War.
如果他们出来了，以压倒性的优势与他们战斗，这将是内战的结束。
Richmond would surrender.
里士满会投降。
He'd be a national hero, and he'd be President in 1864.
他将成为一位民族英雄，并于 1864 年成为总统。
And he had presidential ambitions from the very beginning.
他从一开始就有当总统的野心。
Narrator: But McClellan soon stalled.
旁白：但是麦克莱伦很快就陷入了停滞。
He had persuaded himself that his enormous army was somehow outnumbered by the small rebel force that stood in his way at Yorktown.
他说服自己，他庞大的军队在数量上不敌约克镇阻挡他前进的小股叛军。
Instead of attacking it, he settled in for a siege and began calling for reinforcements.
他没有进攻，而是围攻并开始呼叫增援。
While McClellan dug in, the President impatiently studied maps of the Peninsula and called for action.
当麦克莱伦继续努力时，总统不耐烦地研究了半岛地图并呼吁采取行动。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): To Major General McClellan...
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：致麦克莱伦少将……
You now have over one hundred thousand troops with you...
现在你身边已经有十万大军了……
I think you better break the enemy's line from Yorktown to Warwick River at once.
我认为你最好立即突破敌人从约克镇到沃里克河的防线。
They will probably use time as advantageously as you can.
他们可能会尽可能地利用你的时间。
A.
A.
Lincoln
林肯
Narrator: "The President," the General wrote his wife, "very coolly telegraphed me that he thought I had better break the enemy's lines at once.
旁白：“总统，”将军写信给他的妻子，“非常冷静地给我发电报，他认为我最好立即突破敌人的防线。
I was much tempted to reply that he had better come here and do it himself."
我很想回答说他最好自己来这里做。”
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "To Major General McClellan, Once more let me tell you it is indispensable to you that you strike a blow.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“麦克莱伦少将，我再次告诉你，出击对你来说是必不可少的。
I am powerless to help this....
我对此无能为力......
I have never written you in greater kindness of feeling than now, nor with a fuller purpose to sustain you, but you must act."
我从来没有像现在这样怀着更大的善意写信给你，也没有更充分的目的来支持你，但你必须采取行动。”
Narrator: Six weeks after Willy Lincoln's death, the little family in the Executive Mansion was still grieving.
旁白：威利·林肯去世六周后，行政官邸里的小家庭仍然沉浸在悲伤之中。
Mary refused to see most visitors, but on April 5, draped in mourning black, she met in the Red Room with an old friend, a clergyman from Springfield.
玛丽拒绝见大多数访客，但 4 月 5 日，她身着黑色丧服，在红屋里会见了一位老朋友，一位来自斯普林菲尔德的牧师。
The clergyman was astonished by the ferocity of her loyalty to the Union and to her husband.
牧师对她对联邦和丈夫的忠诚感到惊讶。
One of her brothers, three half-brothers, and three brothers-in-law were now fighting for the Confederacy.
她的一个兄弟、三个同父异母的兄弟和三个妹夫现在正在为联邦而战。
Mary said she hoped they would all be killed or captured.
玛丽说她希望他们都被杀或被俘。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "They would kill my husband if they could and destroy our Government, the dearest of all things to us."
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）的声音：“如果可以的话，他们会杀死我的丈夫并摧毁我们的政府，这是我们最亲爱的东西。”
Narrator: The next day, in a wood filled with spring blossoms near a little whitewashed Mississippi church called Shiloh, Union forces under Carlos Buell and a general from Illinois named Ulysses S.
旁白：第二天，在密西西比州一座名叫夏伊洛（Shiloh）的白色小教堂附近一片开满春花的树林里，卡洛斯·布尔（Carlos Buell）率领的联邦军队和来自伊利诺伊州的尤利西斯·S·肯尼迪（Ulysses S.
Grant won what seemed like a great victory.
格兰特赢得了一场看似伟大的胜利。
The whole North celebrated.
整个北方都在庆祝。
Lincoln rejoiced at the news.
林肯听到这个消息非常高兴。
But when the lists of casualties began appearing in the newspapers, the celebration abruptly ended.
但当伤亡名单开始出现在报纸上时，庆祝活动突然结束了。
More than 20,000 men had been killed or wounded.
超过 20,000 人被杀或受伤。
Among the dead was Mary's half-brother Sam, shot through the head as he led a Confederate charge.
死者中有玛丽同父异母的弟弟萨姆，他在领导南部邦联进攻时头部中弹。
That May, Union armies seemed poised for a series of victories.
那年五月，联邦军队似乎已经做好了取得一系列胜利的准备。
Union vessels had blasted their way up the Mississippi to take the Confederacy's most important port, New Orleans, and McClellan's Army of the Potomac was once more driving toward Richmond -- now just six miles away.
联邦军舰艇已经沿着密西西比河一路狂飙，攻占联邦最重要的港口新奥尔良，而麦克莱伦的波托马克军团再次向里士满驶去——现在距里士满只有六英里了。
Then, McClellan halted -- and again demanded reinforcements.
然后，麦克莱伦停下来，再次要求增援。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Lincoln was in a very tough position with McClellan.
历史学家米勒：林肯与麦克莱伦的处境非常艰难。
Lincoln thought that a well-led army marching into the South would be able to carry the day.
林肯认为，一支领导良好的军队进军南方就能取得胜利。
But it just didn't happen because the army was not as well led as Lincoln expected it would have been.
但这并没有发生，因为军队的领导并不像林肯所期望的那样。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: The trouble with McClellan was that he was psychologically unable to commit this mechanism that he had created to battle.
麦克弗森，历史学家：麦克莱伦的问题在于，他在心理上无法将他创造的这一机制投入战斗。
He was afraid that having created this wonderful machine, if he started it up, he might destroy it.
他担心自己创造了这台奇妙的机器，如果他启动它，他可能会毁掉它。
Narrator: Meanwhile, Richmond's Confederate defenders got a new Commander, a soldier from Virginia thought so brilliant that the Lincoln administration had once offered him command of the Union armies -- Robert E.
旁白：与此同时，里士满的南方邦联守军迎来了一位新指挥官，一位来自弗吉尼亚的士兵，他认为自己非常出色，以至于林肯政府曾邀请他指挥联邦军队——罗伯特·E·肯尼迪。
Lee.
李.
Every day, Lincoln walked to the War Department next door to the White House and sat alongside the telegraph, desperate for news of the fighting.
每天，林肯都会步行到白宫隔壁的陆军部，坐在电报机旁边，迫切地想知道战斗的消息。
Lee struck first at Mechanicsville, on June 26.
6 月 26 日，李在梅卡尼克斯维尔率先发起进攻。
In a series of battles that followed over the next seven days -- Gaines' Mill, Savage's Station, Frayser's Farm -- Lee forced McClellan to retreat.
在接下来的 7 天里发生的一系列战斗中——盖恩斯磨坊、萨维奇车站、弗雷瑟农场——李迫使麦克莱伦撤退。
After 14 weeks, McClellan had accomplished nothing whatsoever, but he stubbornly insisted he had not been defeated; he had merely "failed to win, he said, because he had been overpowered by superior numbers."
14周后，麦克莱伦一无所获，但他固执地坚称自己没有被击败；他说，他只是“未能获胜，因为他被人数优势压倒了”。
As news of McClellan's retreat came in, Lincoln got much of the blame.
当麦克莱伦撤退的消息传来时，林肯受到了很大的指责。
Even members of Lincoln's own party faulted the President's leadership.
甚至连林肯自己的政党成员也对总统的领导提出了批评。
"Lincoln may be honest," wrote one prominent abolitionist" -- but nobody cares whether the tortoise is honest or not.
一位著名废奴主义者写道：“林肯可能是诚实的”——但没有人关心乌龟是否诚实。
As long as you keep the present turtle at the head of the government, you dig a pit with one hand and fill it with the other."
只要你让现在的乌龟继续当政府的首脑，你就一手挖坑，一手填坑。”
Lincoln couldn't sleep, couldn't eat.
林肯睡不着，吃不下。
He lost so much weight, seemed so careworn, that an old friend told him he feared for his health.
他体重减轻了很多，看起来很忧愁，一位老朋友告诉他，他担心自己的健康。
"I cannot take my vittles regular," he told a doctor.
“我无法正常进食，”他告诉医生。
"I kind of just browse around." With McClellan's retreat from Richmond, Lincoln now came to realize that the war would be long and bloody.
“我只是随便浏览一下。”随着麦克莱伦从里士满撤退，林肯现在开始意识到战争将是漫长而血腥的。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Lincoln had felt that one climactic battle could carry the day and end the Civil War.
历史学家米勒：林肯认为一场高潮般的战斗可以取得胜利并结束内战。
He didn't measure the enemy correctly.
他没有正确衡量敌人。
He didn't see the tenacity of the South.
他没有看到南方的顽强。
He didn't perceive early on the nature of the war, the deep-going feelings for secession in the South.
他并没有很早就意识到战争的本质以及南方对分裂国家的深刻感情。
Narrator: That summer, the Lincolns left the executive mansion with all its sad memories and moved to the outskirts of town, to a cottage on the grounds of the Soldiers Home.
旁白：那年夏天，林肯一家离开了带着所有悲伤回忆的行政官邸，搬到了城郊的士兵之家的一间小屋里。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "Our home is very beautiful, the grounds around us are enchanting, the world still smiles and pays homage, yet everything appears a mockery....
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）的声音：“我们的家非常美丽，我们周围的土地令人着迷，世界仍然微笑着表达敬意，但一切似乎都是嘲笑......
When I can bring myself to realize that Willy has indeed passed away, my question to myself is, can life be endured?"
当我意识到威利确实已经去世时，我对自己的问题是，生命还能忍受吗？”
Narrator: Months had passed since Willy's death, but Mary was still racked by spasms of weeping, often unable to get out of bed for days at a time, paralyzed by depression.
旁白：威利去世已经好几个月了，但玛丽仍然被一阵阵哭泣所折磨，经常连续几天无法下床，因抑郁而瘫痪。
Lincoln began to fear for his wife's sanity.
林肯开始担心妻子的神志是否正常。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: She had already begun to show certain signs of imbalance, of instability.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：她已经开始表现出某些不平衡、不稳定的迹象。
And Lincoln worried about this.
林肯也担心这一点。
Now with Willy's death, it's almost as if she and he walked down very opposite paths.
现在随着威利的去世，她和他几乎走上了截然相反的道路。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: The continued absorption and distance of Lincoln as the war intensified and deepened, combined with her agonies, her yearnings, her confusions, her deep depression, over the loss.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：随着战争的加剧和加深，林肯的持续专注和疏远，再加上她因失去亲人而感到的痛苦、渴望、困惑和深深的沮丧。
And she had no way of trying to comprehend it.
而她却无法尝试去理解它。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "Madame Harris....
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“哈里斯夫人......
I am in need of a mourning bonnet....
我需要一顶哀悼帽......
I want one made...
我想要一个...
with folds of...
有褶皱的...
black crape...
黑纱...
the finest jet black English crape....
最好的乌黑英国绉纱......
I want it got up with great taste & gentility."
我希望它能有很好的品味和优雅。”
Narrator: Mary continued to try to find comfort in possessions.
旁白：玛丽继续尝试在财产中寻找安慰。
She bought new dresses, hats.
她买了新衣服、新帽子。
It was said that in three months, she purchased 300 pairs of gloves.
据说，三个月的时间，她购买了300双手套。
Many of her purchases were never even unpacked.
她买的许多东西甚至从未被拆过包装。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: After Willy's death the shopping becomes even more obsessive.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：威利死后，购物变得更加痴迷。
Somehow as the world seems to be spinning out of control, the only things that take her mind off the sadness is the shopping.
不知怎的，当世界似乎失去控制时，唯一能让她摆脱悲伤的事情就是购物。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: And it became a desperate effort on her part to find something she could hold onto, that most of all would not die and leave her.
历史学家斯特罗泽：她拼命地努力寻找一些她可以抓住的东西，最重要的是，它不会死并离开她。
A chair or a desk or a dress, it doesn't go away, it doesn't die, it doesn't leave you.
一把椅子、一张桌子或一件衣服，它不会消失，它不会消失，它不会离开你。
Narrator: As North and South faced off, thousands of slaves fled toward the Union lines.
旁白：南北对峙时，数千名奴隶逃向联邦防线。
They refused to wait for anyone else to free them.
他们拒绝等待其他人来释放他们。
Union officers ordered them to go back.
工会官员命令他们回去。
They kept coming, anyway.
不管怎样，他们还是不断地来。
Many within the President's own Republican party demanded that he declare an end to slavery, destroy once and for all the institution that had brought on the war they seemed incapable of winning.
总统所在共和党内的许多人要求他宣布结束奴隶制，一劳永逸地摧毁导致他们似乎无法赢得战争的制度。
"Henceforth," said the abolitionist Frederick Douglass, himself a former slave, "let the war cry be down with slavery, the cause of treason."
“从今以后，”废奴主义者弗雷德里克·道格拉斯（Frederick Douglass）本人也是一名前奴隶，他说，“让战争的口号随着奴隶制这一叛国罪的起因而停止。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Under great pressure to do something about slavery, Lincoln held back for a very long period of time.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：在对奴隶制采取行动的巨大压力下，林肯犹豫了很长一段时间。
The Constitution protected slavery where it existed and Lincoln's policy, the Republican policy, had always been let us confine slavery.
宪法保护存在的奴隶制，林肯的政策，即共和党的政策，一直是让我们限制奴隶制。
Let us prohibit its extension to the territories.
让我们禁止其扩展到其他领土。
And the hope was that it will ultimately be contained and die out.
人们希望它最终会被遏制并消失。
Narrator: Lincoln would not be pushed.
旁白：林肯不会被推。
When two impetuous Generals issued orders meant to liberate the slaves in their Districts, he demanded that the orders instantly be withdrawn.
当两位鲁莽的将军发布旨在解放其辖区奴隶的命令时，他要求立即撤回命令。
And when his Secretary of War on his own initiative called for the arming of the slaves, Lincoln sent him off to be his Minister to Moscow.
当他的战争部长主动要求武装奴隶时，林肯派他出任驻莫斯科部长。
The Republicans who controlled Congress grew more and more impatient.
控制国会的共和党人变得越来越不耐烦。
They enacted laws that kept Union officers from returning slaves to their masters, barred slavery from the District of Columbia, finally barred it from the western territories, too.
他们颁布了法律，禁止联邦官员将奴隶归还给主人，禁止哥伦比亚特区实行奴隶制，最后也禁止奴隶制进入西部领土。
But many Republicans continued to call on Lincoln to act against the institution of slavery itself.
但许多共和党人继续呼吁林肯采取行动反对奴隶制本身。
And he continued to refuse.
而他却继续拒绝。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: He hated slavery.
朗，历史学家：他讨厌奴隶制。
He despised slavery.
他鄙视奴隶制。
He would have loved to see slavery ended.
他希望看到奴隶制结束。
John Hope Franklin, Historian: Lincoln, however, felt that there was something else that there was something else, more important than freedom of slaves and that was the preservation of the Union.
历史学家约翰·霍普·富兰克林：然而，林肯认为还有比奴隶自由更重要的东西，那就是维护联邦。
And so therein lies a very serious contradiction.
所以这里面存在一个非常严重的矛盾。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Freeing the slaves or accomplishing anything else could not be done unless the Union was preserved.
朗，历史学家：除非保留联邦，否则解放奴隶或完成任何其他事情都是不可能的。
If you cannot win the war, you cannot accomplish any of the other goals that become part of the war effort.
如果你不能赢得战争，你就无法实现战争努力的任何其他目标。
So, first and foremost, we must preserve the Union.
因此，首先也是最重要的是，我们必须维护联盟。
Margaret Washington, Historian: He makes it very clear that he is the President of the Nation, and he wants a Nation to be President of.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：他非常明确地表示，他是国家总统，他希望一个国家成为总统。
The northern community is very racist.
北部社区的种族主义非常严重。
He fears what would happen if he calls for emancipation immediately.
他担心如果他立即呼吁解放会发生什么。
If he calls for emancipation, then the border states, which are slave states, are going to balk.
如果他呼吁解放奴隶，那么边境各州（奴隶州）就会犹豫不决。
And there's already a lot of contention in the border states and the northern sympathizers are having trouble hanging on as well.
边境各州已经存在很多争论，北方的支持者也难以坚持下去。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Moris): "I would do it," Lincoln told a friend, "if I were not afraid that half the officers would fling down their arms and three more states would rise."
林肯之声（大卫·莫里斯）：“我会这么做，”林肯对一位朋友说，“如果我不怕一半的军官会放下武器，另外三个州会崛起。”
Narrator: While Lincoln hesitated, thousands of slaves continued to make their way through Confederate lines.
旁白：当林肯犹豫不决时，成千上万的奴隶继续穿过南方邦联的防线。
Union officers called them "contrabands." They lived crowded together in hastily built refugee camps, some within a few miles of the White House.
工会官员称它们为“违禁品”。他们挤在一起住在匆忙建造的难民营中，有些难民营距离白宫只有几英里。
And in spite of the dangers, more and more kept coming.
尽管存在危险，但越来越多的危险仍在继续。
While her husband continued to resist demands to end slavery, Mary Lincoln turned for comfort to a former slave, a skilled seamstress, who had become her constant companion -- Elizabeth Keckley.
当她的丈夫继续抵制结束奴隶制的要求时，玛丽·林肯向一位前奴隶寻求安慰，她是一位熟练的裁缝，后来成为她忠实的伴侣——伊丽莎白·凯克利。
Elizabeth Keckley had once worked for the woman who was to become the First Lady of the Confederate States of America, Mrs. Jefferson Davis.
伊丽莎白·凯克利曾经为后来成为美利坚联盟国第一夫人的杰斐逊·戴维斯夫人工作过。
Now Elizabeth was one of the few people Mary felt she could trust.
现在伊丽莎白是玛丽认为她可以信任的少数人之一。
Margaret Washington, Historian: Keckley dressed her, made her clothes, fixed her hair.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：凯克利为她打扮，为她做衣服，为她整理头发。
And Keckley listened, empathized.
凯克利听着，充满同情。
And Mary felt she could talk to Elizabeth in a way that she could not talk to the gossiping jealous women of Washington.
玛丽觉得她可以用一种无法与华盛顿那些八卦嫉妒的女人交谈的方式与伊丽莎白交谈。
So they became confidantes.
于是他们成了红颜知己。
Narrator: As their friendship deepened, Elizabeth found a way to help Mary.
旁白：随着她们友谊的加深，伊丽莎白找到了帮助玛丽的方法。
Elizabeth too had lost a son during the war.
伊丽莎白也在战争中失去了一个儿子。
But she had learned not to let her grief overwhelm her.
但她已经学会了不要让悲伤淹没她。
Margaret Washington, Historian: Keckley could say, I know what you're going through, I lost my son too.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：凯克利可以说，我知道你正在经历什么，我也失去了我的儿子。
And one way of dealing with it for me is to involve myself in ways of alleviating other people's pain.
对我来说，解决这个问题的方法之一就是让自己参与到减轻他人痛苦的活动中。
Narrator: To assist the thousands of ex-slaves now crowded into camps behind the Union lines, Keckley had helped form the Contraband Relief Association, dedicated to providing food and clothes and finding them jobs.
旁白：为了帮助现在涌入联邦防线后方营地的数千名前奴隶，凯克利帮助成立了走私救济协会，致力于为他们提供食物和衣服，并为他们找到工作。
"I know what liberty is," she told Mary "because I know what slavery was."
“我知道什么是自由，”她告诉玛丽，“因为我知道什么是奴隶制。”
Margaret Washington, Historian: Mary was kind of impulsive and she reacted from the heart and became very interested in the plight of African Americans.
历史学家玛格丽特·华盛顿：玛丽有点冲动，她的反应是发自内心的，对非裔美国人的困境非常感兴趣。
And gradually Mary began to help the contrabands with Elizabeth Keckley.
渐渐地，玛丽开始与伊丽莎白·凯克利一起帮助查缉违禁品。
It opened up a different world for Mary.
它为玛丽打开了一个不同的世界。
And in one way it was an extension of her grief, but in another way it was a way of dealing with it.
从某种意义上说，这是她悲伤的延伸，但从另一方面来说，这是一种处理悲伤的方式。
But her husband did not have a real strong relationship with any African Americans.
但她的丈夫与任何非裔美国人并没有真正牢固的关系。
African Americans were pretty much of a mystery to Abraham Lincoln.
对于亚伯拉罕·林肯来说，非裔美国人几乎是一个谜。
Narrator: That summer, he called a delegation of black leaders to the White House.
旁白：那年夏天，他召集了一个黑人领导人代表团来到白宫。
It was the first time such a delegation had ever been asked to the Executive Mansion.
这是第一次邀请这样的代表团来到行政官邸。
He wanted their reaction to a plan he was considering.
他希望他们对他正在考虑的计划有何反应。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "Your race is suffering the greatest wrong inflicted on any people....
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“你们的种族正在遭受对任何民族来说最大的错误......
On this broad continent, not a single man of your race is made the equal of a single man of ours.
在这片广阔的大陆上，你们种族中没有一个人能与我们人类平等。
It is a fact with which we have to deal.
这是我们必须面对的事实。
I cannot alter it."
我无法改变它。”
"It is better for us both to be separated.
“对我们俩来说，分开更好。
There is an unwillingness on the part of our people, harsh as it may be, for you free colored people to remain with us."
我们的人民不愿意让你们这些自由的有色人种留在我们身边，尽管这可能很严厉。”
Lincoln proposed voluntary colonization.
林肯提议自愿殖民。
African-Americans would be encouraged to settle elsewhere: in Liberia, Haiti, Central America.
将鼓励非裔美国人到其他地方定居：利比里亚、海地、中美洲。
It was a variation of an old scheme for solving the problem between the races.
这是解决种族之间问题的旧方案的变体。
Margaret Washington, Historian: He told them that, I would like to have you colonized where you can be free and achieve on your own because my race will not allow you to prosper in this country.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：他告诉他们，我想让你们成为殖民地，在那里你们可以自由地取得自己的成就，因为我的种族不会让你们在这个国家繁荣昌盛。
And it would be to your advantage to leave.
离开对你有利。
Narrator: When Frederick Douglass heard of the President's proposal, he charged Lincoln with "canting hypocrisy" and contempt for Negroes.
旁白：当弗雷德里克·道格拉斯听到总统的提议时，他指责林肯“虚伪”和蔑视黑人。
His words, Douglas said, would encourage "ignorant and base" white men "to commit all kinds of violence and outrage upon colored people."
道格拉斯说，他的话将鼓励“无知和卑鄙”的白人“对有色人种实施各种暴力和愤怒”。
Margaret Washington, Historian: The idea of colonizing them as a way of solving the problem of race was insulting to them.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：通过殖民他们来解决种族问题的想法是对他们的侮辱。
And they said so; they wanted none of it.
他们也是这么说的；他们什么都不想要。
Lincoln's colonization scheme revealed his desire that the problem go away.
林肯的殖民计划表明了他希望问题消失的愿望。
That if African Americans would just leave then the issue would leave with them.
如果非裔美国人离开，那么这个问题就会由他们自行解决。
Narrator: By the summer of 1862, the war was going from bad to worse for the Union.
旁白：到 1862 年夏天，战争对联邦来说每况愈下。
On the peninsula McClellan's forces had gotten nowhere.
在半岛上，麦克莱伦的部队毫无进展。
On the Mississippi, Union armies were bogged down in front of Vicksburg.
在密西西比河上，联邦军队在维克斯堡前陷入困境。
In Kentucky and Tennessee, northern troops seemed unable to stop raids by Confederate Cavalry.
在肯塔基州和田纳西州，北方军队似乎无法阻止南方联盟骑兵的袭击。
There was now new pressure on Lincoln to free the slaves.
现在林肯面临着解放奴隶的新压力。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: The military situation had collapsed.
历史学家麦克弗森：军事局势已经崩溃。
That had the effect of convincing Lincoln that the Union had been waging this war with kid gloves.
这让林肯相信联邦在发动这场战争时是小心翼翼的。
They had not struck against the heart of the rebellion.
他们并没有击中叛乱的核心。
What was the heart of the rebellion?
叛乱的核心是什么？
It was the slave power.
这是奴隶的权力。
It was slavery that sustained the Confederate economy.
正是奴隶制维持了南部邦联的经济。
It was to defend slavery that the South had seceded in the first place.
南方最初脱离联邦是为了捍卫奴隶制。
And Lincoln began to see that the Union could never win a war waged against a slave power without striking at slavery itself.
林肯开始认识到，如果不打击奴隶制本身，联邦就永远不可能赢得一场针对奴隶制国家的战争。
The military argument was the one that would carry the most weight with Northerners who would not favor a war against slavery on moral, ideological, or political grounds but could be convinced to support emancipation as a military measure.
军事论点对北方人最有影响力，他们不会从道德、意识形态或政治角度支持反对奴隶制的战争，但可以说服他们支持解放奴隶作为一项军事措施。
Mark E.
马克·E。
Neely Jr., Historian: And he decides essentially for military reasons to attack slavery by the summer of 1862.
小尼利，历史学家：他主要出于军事原因决定在 1862 年夏天之前攻击奴隶制。
These happily coincide with his personal, moral feelings.
这些与他个人的道德感受非常吻合。
But now he can let his moral feelings take rein.
但现在他可以控制自己的道德情感了。
Narrator: On July 22, Lincoln summoned his cabinet.
旁白：7月22日，林肯召集内阁。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "I said to the cabinet that I had resolved upon this step, and had not called them together to ask their advice, but to lay the subject matter of a proclamation before them."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我对内阁说，我已决定采取这一步骤，并没有将他们召集在一起征求意见，而是向他们提出一份公告的主题。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He began writing his emancipation proclamation quite privately a little bit at a time and was ready then to present it to the cabinet.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他开始一次一点地私下撰写他的解放宣言，然后准备将其提交给内阁。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America, and Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy, thereof, do hereby proclaim to and worn all persons..."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我，亚伯拉罕·林肯，美利坚合众国总统、陆军和海军总司令，特此向所有人宣布……”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: At that point, Seward, his Secretary of State, said to him, "You can't issue it now because after a series of major defeats, it would look like a last shriek on our retreat." You had to wait for a victory.
传记作者大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德：当时，他的国务卿苏厄德对他说：“你现在不能发布它，因为在一系列重大失败之后，这看起来像是我们撤退时的最后一声尖叫。”你必须等待胜利。
Narrator: Lincoln put his Emancipation Proclamation back in his desk and waited.
旁白：林肯把他的《解放奴隶宣言》放回办公桌上，等待着。
Mary Lincoln was desperate to communicate somehow with her dead sons.
玛丽·林肯迫切希望以某种方式与她死去的儿子进行交流。
In the darkness of the medium's parlor, drums tapped, horns blew, bells rang, mysterious voices were heard -- all said to be messages from the dead.
在黑暗的灵媒客厅里，鼓声敲响，号角吹响，钟声响起，神秘的声音响起——据说所有这些都是来自死者的信息。
With thousands of men dying on the battlefields, Mary was one of many who turned to spiritualists for comfort.
成千上万的人死在战场上，玛丽是许多向唯心论者寻求安慰的人之一。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "Only a very slight veil separates us from the loved and lost.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“只有一层薄薄的面纱将我们与所爱和失去的人隔开。
Though unseen by us, they are very near."
虽然我们看不见，但他们离我们很近。”
Narrator: At the Soldiers Home, at a clairvoyant's house in Georgetown, even in the White House, Mary attended seances.
旁白：在士兵之家，在乔治敦的千里眼之家，甚至在白宫，玛丽参加了降神会。
Lincoln himself sat in on at least one.
林肯本人至少参加了一次会议。
Seances, he said, reminded him of cabinet meetings.
他说，降神会让他想起了内阁会议。
The spirits, like members of his cabinet, gave contradictory advice.
这些灵魂就像他的内阁成员一样，给出了相互矛盾的建议。
But he felt that charlatans were exploiting his wife's grief.
但他觉得江湖骗子正在利用他妻子的悲伤。
Mary's behavior continued to alarm him.
玛丽的行为继续让他感到惊慌。
One evening at the White House, Elizabeth Keckley remembered, Lincoln steered Mary to a window and pointed to a distant building, an asylum.
伊丽莎白·凯克利记得，在白宫的一天晚上，林肯把玛丽引到一扇窗户前，指着远处的一栋建筑，那是一座精神病院。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "Mother, do you see that large white building on that hill yonder?
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“妈妈，你看到那边山上那座巨大的白色建筑了吗？
Try and control your grief or it will drive you mad, and we may have to send you there."
试着控制你的悲伤，否则它会让你发疯，我们可能不得不把你送到那里。”
Narrator: Mary struggled to regain her equilibrium, for Lincoln's sake if not her own.
旁白：玛丽努力恢复平衡，即使不是为了她自己，也是为了林肯。
The Lincolns began visiting army hospitals together.
林肯夫妇开始一起参观陆军医院。
They brought bunches of flowers and delicacies from the White House kitchen.
他们从白宫厨房带来了一束束鲜花和美味佳肴。
And they tried not to show their emotions at the terrible sights they saw all around them.
当他们看到周围的可怕景象时，他们尽量不表现出自己的情绪。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Mary would sit with the soldiers; she would talk to them and give them great comfort and take great comfort herself from being with others who were experiencing the pain of the war.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：玛丽会和士兵坐在一起；她会和他们交谈，给他们很大的安慰，她自己也会因为和其他正在经历战争痛苦的人在一起而得到很大的安慰。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She was able to stand up against the worst conditions, the smells, the sounds, the groans, and get through it somehow, when, if a door slammed or if a book fell at home, she would jump five feet.
琳达·莱维特·特纳（Linda Levitt Turner），传记作家：她能够忍受最恶劣的条件、气味、声音、呻吟，并以某种方式度过难关，如果门砰地一声关上，或者家里有一本书掉下来，她会跳起五英尺。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: It took a certain strength to be willing to put herself through that.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：需要一定的力量才能愿意让自己经历这一切。
It must have reminded her of those last moments with Willy.
这一定让她想起了和威利在一起的最后时刻。
Narrator: When the President had other duties, Mary often made her visits alone.
旁白：当总统有其他职责时，玛丽经常独自出访。
She read aloud to the men, served as a waitress, donated $300 worth of lemons and oranges to combat scurvy.
她为男人们朗读、担任女服务员、捐赠价值 300 美元的柠檬和橙子来对抗坏血病。
Sometimes wounded soldiers asked her to write letters home.
有时受伤的士兵请她给家里写信。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "I am sitting by the side of your soldier boy.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“我坐在你的士兵男孩旁边。
He has been quite sick, but is getting well.
他病得很重，但正在康复。
He tells me to say that he is all right.
他让我说他没事。
With respect for the mother of the young soldier, Mrs. A.
谨向年轻士兵的母亲 A 女士表示敬意。
Lincoln"
林肯”
Narrator: Grateful patients named a hospital for her, but Mary kept her visits to the wounded out of the press.
旁白：心怀感激的病人为她命名了一家医院，但玛丽对媒体隐瞒了她探望伤员的消息。
"If she were worldly-wise," one of her husband's aides wrote, "she would carry newspaper correspondents every time she went....
“如果她是个懂事的人，”她丈夫的一位助手写道，“她每次去都会带着报纸记者……
Then she would bring the writers back to the White House, and give them some cake...and coffee."
然后她会把作家们带回白宫，给他们一些蛋糕……和咖啡。”
That August, Lincoln haunted the War Department.
那年八月，林肯出没于陆军部。
He paced the floor and bent anxiously over the coded messages coming in from the front.
他在地板上来回踱步，焦急地弯下腰看着从前面传来的编码信息。
The reports were all bad.
报告全都是坏消息。
On August 30, another Federal advance toward Richmond ended in defeat on the same Bull Run battlefield where the Union had been beaten a year earlier.
8 月 30 日，联邦军再次向里士满进军，但在一年前联邦军被击败的布尔朗战场上却以失败告终。
The great victory Lincoln needed still seemed far away.
林肯所需要的伟大胜利似乎还很遥远。
Then, on September 5, Robert E.
然后，9 月 5 日，Robert E.
Lee with a rebel army of 55,000 men crossed the Potomac into Maryland and seemed bent on attacking Baltimore or Washington itself.
李率领一支 55,000 人的叛军越过波托马克河进入马里兰州，似乎一心要攻击巴尔的摩或华盛顿本身。
To stop him, Lincoln turned again to George McClellan, who despite his performance in battle, still had an enormous following.
为了阻止他，林肯再次求助于乔治·麦克莱伦，尽管他在战斗中表现出色，但仍然拥有大量追随者。
Members of the cabinet protested that McClellan was sure to fail.
内阁成员抗议说麦克莱伦肯定会失败。
Lincoln answered only, "We must use the tools we have." The President implored McClellan: "Please do not let Lee get off without being hurt."
林肯只回答说：“我们必须使用我们拥有的工具。”总统恳求麦克莱伦：“请不要让李在没有受伤的情况下下车。”
At first, the news from Maryland was good.
起初，来自马里兰州的消息是好消息。
McClellan caught up with Lee near the little town of Sharpsburg on Antietam Creek, had even captured copies of his battle plans.
麦克莱伦在安蒂特姆溪的夏普斯堡小镇附近追上了李，甚至还拿到了他的作战计划的副本。
But instead of attacking right away, McClellan hesitated once again, giving Lee's army time to get into position.
但麦克莱伦没有立即进攻，而是再次犹豫，给了李的军队时间就位。
The battle that finally began the next morning, September 17, would mark the bloodiest day in American history.
第二天早上，即 9 月 17 日，战斗终于开始，这将标志着美国历史上最血腥的一天。
The two great armies slammed at each other around the Dunkard Church, through the Corn Field, along a sunken country road that came to be called Bloody Lane.
两支伟大的军队围绕邓卡德教堂，穿过玉米地，沿着一条被称为“血腥巷”的凹陷乡间道路，互相猛攻。
Union forces twice seemed on the brink of destroying the rebel army.
联邦军队两次濒临消灭叛军的边缘。
Each time, McClellan refused to order a final assault, persuaded that Lee had reserves hidden somewhere out of sight.
每一次，麦克莱伦都拒绝下令进行最后的进攻，并说服李将预备队藏在看不见的地方。
By nightfall, although the Union army had lost more men, it had destroyed nearly one-third of Lee's forces.
到了夜幕降临时，虽然联邦军队损失了更多的人，但它已经摧毁了李的近三分之一的军队。
"The battle," McClellan wrote his wife, "had been sublime.
“这场战斗，”麦克莱伦写信给他的妻子，“非常精彩。
Those in whose judgment I rely tell me that I fought the battle splendidly and that it was a masterpiece of art."
那些我所信赖的判断的人告诉我，我打得非常出色，这是一件艺术杰作。”
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "God bless you and all with you.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“上帝保佑你和你的所有人。
Destroy the rebel army, if possible."
如果可能的话，消灭叛军。”
Narrator: The next morning, Lee, braced for McClellan to attack him again.
旁白：第二天早上，李准备迎接麦克莱伦再次攻击他。
Lee's battered force was outnumbered three-to-one.
李的军队在数量上处于三比一的劣势。
The attack never came.
袭击从未到来。
Instead, McClellan ordered his men to hold their positions.
相反，麦克莱伦命令他的部下坚守阵地。
Lee and his army were allowed to melt back into Virginia.
李和他的军队被允许撤回弗吉尼亚。
Lincoln was furious.
林肯勃然大怒。
The North had lost its greatest opportunity of the war.
北方已经失去了战争中最好的机会。
The losses that day were staggering: almost 6,000 dead, another 17,000 wounded.
当天的损失是惊人的：近 6,000 人死亡，另有 17,000 人受伤。
Antietam was a terrible victory.
安提坦是一场可怕的胜利。
Still it was a victory -- enough for Lincoln to tell the nation of his plan for an Emancipation Proclamation.
尽管如此，这仍然是一场胜利——足以让林肯向全国宣布他的《解放奴隶宣言》计划。
The fact that the rebels had been driven from Northern soil, he said to an aide, was a sure sign that "God has decided the question in favor of the slaves."
他对助手说，叛乱分子已被赶出北方土地，这一事实明确表明“上帝已经决定了有利于奴隶的问题”。
On September 22, Lincoln announced that all slaves in any rebel state that was not back in the Union by New Years Day, 1863 would be officially declared free.
9 月 22 日，林肯宣布，任何在 1863 年元旦之前尚未回归联邦的叛乱州的所有奴隶将被正式宣布自由。
Nine days later, Lincoln visited the Antietam battlefield.
九天后，林肯视察了安提特姆战场。
He was still fuming.
他还在生气。
He had come to believe that the war could never be won unless the rebel armies were destroyed, and he wanted to talk to McClellan in person.
他开始相信，除非叛军被消灭，否则战争永远不可能获胜，他想亲自与麦克莱伦交谈。
Their meeting was polite but tense.
他们的会面很有礼貌，但也很紧张。
The President insisted there was still time to pursue the rebels and destroy the army of Robert E.
总统坚称仍有时间追击叛军并摧毁罗伯特·E·肯尼迪的军队。
Lee.
李.
If McClellan did not do so, the President hinted, he would be forced to look to someone else to lead his army.
总统暗示，如果麦克莱伦不这样做，他将被迫寻找其他人来领导他的军队。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: When Lincoln visited McClellan, Lincoln, of course, talked with him about pursuing Lee.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：当林肯拜访麦克莱伦时，林肯当然与他谈论了追求李的事情。
Why hadn't he done so earlier?
他为什么不早点这么做呢？
When was he going to do so?
他什么时候要这样做呢？
When could he, in effect, bag the Confederate army?
他什么时候才能真正占领南方联盟军队呢？
He got evasive answers on all of these points, and McClellan was simply basking in his victory, and he wasn't willing to undertake any new campaign.
他在所有这些问题上都得到了回避的答案，而麦克莱伦只是沉浸在他的胜利中，他不愿意进行任何新的竞选活动。
Narrator: Once the President was back in Washington, the General came up with even more excuses for staying put.
旁白：总统回到华盛顿后，将军想出了更多留在原地的借口。
He needed more of everything, he said: men, arms, supplies, horses.
他说，他需要更多的一切：人员、武器、物资、马匹。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): To Major General McClellan: "I have just read your dispatch about sore-tongued and fatigued horses.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：致麦克莱伦少将：“我刚刚读了您关于马匹舌头酸痛和疲劳的报道。
Will you pardon me for asking what the horses of your army have done since the Battle of Antietam that fatigue anything?"
请原谅我问自安提特姆战役以来，你们军队的马匹做了什么让任何东西疲劳的事情？”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: And Lincoln realized McClellan had had it.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：林肯意识到麦克莱伦已经受够了。
He had to wait for a time to remove McClellan.
他必须等待一段时间才能罢免麦克莱伦。
This was not an appropriate moment, but he realized that McClellan really had to go.
这不是一个合适的时机，但他意识到麦克莱伦确实必须离开。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): New York.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：纽约。
November 2, 1862 "My dear husband: I have waited in vain to hear from you, yet as you are not given to letter writing, will be charitable enough to impute your silence to the right cause...
1862 年 11 月 2 日“我亲爱的丈夫：我一直在等待你的消息，但没有等到你的消息，但由于你不擅长写信，我会足够仁慈地将你的沉默归咎于正确的原因......
Dear little Taddie is well and enjoying himself very much...
亲爱的小塔迪很好，并且非常享受......
I must send you his tooth...."
我必须把他的牙齿送给你……”
Narrator: Late that fall, Mary Lincoln had traveled once again to New York, where she indulged in still more of the frenzied shopping that always seemed to calm her agitated mind.
旁白：那年秋末，玛丽·林肯再次前往纽约，在那里她更加疯狂地购物，这似乎总能让她焦躁的心情平静下来。
At the same time, she and Elizabeth Keckley collected funds to help former slaves, huddled together in camps, desperately in need of food and supplies.
与此同时，她和伊丽莎白·凯克利（Elizabeth Keckley）筹集资金来帮助挤在营地里、迫切需要食物和补给的前奴隶。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "Lizzie Keckley says the immense number of contrabands...
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）的声音：“莉齐·凯克利说大量违禁品......
are suffering intensely, many without bed covering and having to use bits of carpeting to cover themselves.
他们遭受着巨大的痛苦，许多人没有被褥，不得不用一些地毯来遮盖自己。
Many dying of want....
许多人因匮乏而死去......
I have given her the privilege of investing $200 here in bed covering.
我有幸给她投资 200 美元购买床单。
This sum I am sure you will not object to being used in this way.
这笔钱我相信你不会反对这样使用。
The cause of humanity requires it...."
人类的事业需要它……”
Margaret Washington, Historian: This is mid-19th Century America.
历史学家玛格丽特·华盛顿：这是 19 世纪中叶的美国。
America is a racist society.
美国是一个种族主义社会。
America is a society in which in most cities African Americans cannot even ride the streetcars.
美国是一个在大多数城市非裔美国人甚至不能乘坐有轨电车的社会。
So imagine Mary Todd Lincoln, the First Lady of the United States and Elizabeth Keckley, an African American woman seeing after freed people together.
因此，想象一下美国第一夫人玛丽·托德·林肯和非洲裔美国妇女伊丽莎白·凯克利一起照顾解放了的人们。
I mean imagine the First Lady involved in this kind of activity.
我的意思是想象一下第一夫人参与这种活动。
Narrator: For nearly a month, Mary remained away from home, writing her husband chatty letters, and reporting the political gossip she was hearing.
旁白：近一个月来，玛丽不在家，给丈夫写信，报告她听到的政治八卦。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "My dear husband, Many here say they would almost worship you if you would put a fighting general in the place of McClellan.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“我亲爱的丈夫，这里的许多人都说，如果你让一位战斗将军代替麦克莱伦，他们几乎会崇拜你。
This would be splendid weather for an engagement....
这对于订婚来说是一个绝佳的天气......
I've had two suits of clothes made for Taddie, which will come to 26 dollars.
我为塔迪做了两套衣服，售价 26 美元。
Have to get some fur outside wrappings for the coachman's carriage trappings...."
得去拿一些毛皮包裹起来，作为车夫的马车服饰……”
Narrator: But Lincoln couldn't replace McClellan yet.
旁白：但是林肯还无法取代麦克莱伦。
The dashing General was still popular, and with Congressional Elections coming up on November 4th, the President couldn't risk alienating voters.
这位风度翩翩的将军仍然很受欢迎，而且随着 11 月 4 日国会选举即将到来，总统不能冒疏远选民的风险。
The war was going badly, and Lincoln was already taking much of the blame.
战争进展得很糟糕，林肯已经承担了大部分责任。
Even some Republicans agreed with the poet John Greenleaf Whittier, who wrote of Lincoln that fall: "I am much afraid that a domestic cat will not answer when one wants a Bengal tiger." Lincoln seemed exhausted, as one visitor put it, "literally bending under the weight of his burdens."
甚至一些共和党人也同意诗人约翰·格林利夫·惠蒂尔的观点，他在那年秋天写到了林肯：“我很担心，当一个人想要一只孟加拉虎时，家猫不会回应。”正如一位来访者所说，林肯似乎精疲力尽，“简直被重担压垮了”。
When the results of the election were in, the Republicans had lost five states that had gone for the President in 1860, including even Lincoln's own Illinois.
当选举结果公布时，共和党失去了 1860 年总统竞选的五个州，甚至包括林肯所在的伊利诺伊州。
The very next day, with nothing more to lose, Lincoln removed McClellan from command.
第二天，由于没有什么可失去的，林肯解除了麦克莱伦的指挥权。
Just five weeks later, fighting under a new General, Ambrose Burnside, the Army of the Potomac was beaten once again, this time at Fredericksburg, Virginia.
仅仅五周后，在新任将军安布罗斯·伯恩赛德的指挥下，波托马克军团再次被击败，这次是在弗吉尼亚州弗雷德里克斯堡。
More than twelve thousand Union men were cut down before Burnside, in tears, finally called a halt.
超过一万二千名联邦士兵被砍倒，伯恩赛德流着泪终于叫停了。
That winter, an old friend from Illinois was shocked at how Lincoln looked: "His hair is grizzled," he said, "his gait more stooping, his countenance sallow, and there is a sunken, deathly look about the large cavernous eyes.
那年冬天，一位来自伊利诺伊州的老朋友对林肯的面貌感到震惊：“他的头发花白了，”他说，“他的步态更加弯腰，脸色蜡黄，一双大眼睛里有一种凹陷的、死一般的表情。
It is a lesson for human ambition to look upon."
这是人类野心值得学习的一课。”
On the morning of New Year's Day, 1863, the Executive Mansion was opened to the public.
1863年元旦早上，行政官邸向公众开放。
So many visitors were expected that the downstairs furniture had to be piled in the Red Room.
预计参观人数太多，楼下的家具不得不堆放在红屋里。
Mary Lincoln chose the moment to mark her return to formal public life after Willy's death.
玛丽·林肯选择了这个时刻来纪念威利去世后她重返正式的公共生活。
Voice of Mary Lincoln, (Holly Hunter): "My position requires my presence where my heart is so far from being.
玛丽·林肯（霍利·亨特）配音：“我的立场要求我在我的心远离的地方出现。
Oh, how much we have passed through since we last stood here."
哦，自从我们上次站在这里以来，我们已经经历了多少事情。”
Narrator: The first lady could not bear it for long and at noon, she retreated upstairs.
旁白：第一夫人忍无可忍，中午退到楼上。
Her husband stayed for two more hours, shaking hundreds of hands.
她的丈夫又呆了两个小时，与数百人握手。
But he had an important task to perform.
但他有一项重要的任务要执行。
He excused himself and hurried to his office.
他告辞后匆匆赶往自己的办公室。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "Whereas, on the twenty-second of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty two,"
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“鉴于，在我们的主公元一千八百六十二年九月二十二日，”
Narrator: The time had come to sign the Emancipation Proclamation.
旁白：签署《解放黑奴宣言》的时候到了。
It was to go into effect at midnight.
该法案将于午夜生效。
Mark E.
马克·E。
Neely Jr., Historian: It's the dullest thing you've ever read.
小尼利，历史学家：这是你读过的最乏味的东西。
It has no soaring isms and appeals to universal freedom.
它没有高涨的主义，呼吁普遍自由。
And this is a person who could do that.
这是一个可以做到这一点的人。
When Lincoln wanted to turn it on there...he had no equal.
当林肯想要在那里打开它时......他没有对手。
And in this document he decided not to turn it on.
在这份文件中，他决定不打开它。
I mean it is a matter of conscious effort.
我的意思是这是一个有意识的努力的问题。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "Now, therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by virtue of the power in me vested as Commander-in-Chief of the Arm and Navy of the United States in time of actual armed rebellion against authority and government of the United States, and as a fit and necessary war measure for suppressing said rebellion, do, on this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty three, and in accordance with my purpose so to do publicly proclaimed for the full period of one hundred days, from the day first above mentioned, order and designate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof respectively, are this day in rebellion against the United States, the following, to wit:"
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“因此，现在，我，亚伯拉罕·林肯，美国总统，在发生针对美国当局和政府的实际武装叛乱时，凭借我作为美国陆军和海军总司令的权力，并作为镇压所述叛乱的适当和必要的战争措施，在我们的主一千八百六十三年一月的第一天，按照我的目的，从上述第一天起，在一百天内公开宣布，命令并指定其人民在这一天分别反抗美国的州和州的部分地区，即：”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Lincoln purposely attempted to downplay the moral aspects of the Emancipation Proclamation.
朗，历史学家：林肯故意试图淡化《解放奴隶宣言》的道德方面。
He wanted it to be a solid legal document.
他希望它成为一份可靠的法律文件。
Narrator: The proclamation was tightly drawn.
旁白：公告拉得很紧。
It declared free only slaves living in rebellious states.
它宣布只释放生活在叛乱国家的奴隶。
Those residing in places seized by federal troops and in the border states of Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, and Tennessee were to remain in bondage.
那些居住在联邦军队占领的地区以及肯塔基州、马里兰州、密苏里州和田纳西州边境各州的人将继续受到奴役。
Margaret Washington, Historian: Emancipation Proclamation is a very limited document.
历史学家玛格丽特·华盛顿：《解放奴隶宣言》是一份非常有限的文件。
It really is a beginning, it's not an end.
这确实是一个开始，而不是结束。
It's only freeing those African Americans who are in rebel territory, whom he can't free anyway.
它只是释放那些在叛军领土上的非裔美国人，而他无论如何也无法释放他们。
John Hope Franklin, Historian: But behind that is the notion that in due course the others will be free also.
历史学家约翰·霍普·富兰克林：但其背后的观念是，在适当的时候，其他人也将获得自由。
He couldn't say, "These are going to be free and this'll never be free." But he'd taken the step, and it was a process by which slaves could become free, others become free, and finally all would become free.
他不能说：“这些将是免费的，而这个永远不会免费。”但他已经迈出了这一步，通过这个过程，奴隶可以获得自由，其他人也可以获得自由，最终所有人都可以获得自由。
I think there's no question about that.
我认为这是毫无疑问的。
The symbolism is there.
象征意义就在那里。
It's very great, very powerful, and very effective.
它非常伟大、非常强大、非常有效。
Narrator: Secretary of State Seward and his son Fred laid the document out on the table around which the cabinet ordinarily met.
旁白：国务卿苏厄德和他的儿子弗雷德把文件放在内阁通常开会的桌子上。
Lincoln took up a steel pen and dipped it in ink.
林肯拿起一支钢笔，蘸上墨水。
African Americans gathered together throughout the North and waited.
非裔美国人聚集在整个北方等待。
John Hope Franklin, Historian: There was some doubt, some fear, I would say, that he wouldn't come through on it.
历史学家约翰·霍普·富兰克林：我想说，有人怀疑，有人担心他不会成功。
That he wouldn't really issue this proclamation.
他不会真的发布这个公告。
And they said, "Well, this is -- this is showtime," so to speak.
他们说，“好吧，这是——这是表演时间”，可以这么说。
This is, "You know, you've got to lay it down now.
这就是，“你知道，你现在必须放下它。
You can't put it off anymore."
你不能再拖延了。”
Narrator: That morning, whatever doubts Lincoln may have had had vanished.
旁白：那天早上，林肯的任何疑虑都消失了。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "I never in my life felt more certain that I was doing right than I do in signing this paper."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“在我的一生中，我从来没有比签署这份文件更确信自己做的是对的。”
Narrator: His hand was stiff and swollen after all the handshaking.
旁白：握手之后他的手又僵又肿。
If they find my hand trembled, he said, they will say "he had some compunctions." But any way it is going to be done!
他说，如果他们发现我的手在颤抖，他们会说“他有些内疚”。但无论如何，它都会完成！
Abraham Lincoln's hand did not tremble.
亚伯拉罕·林肯的手没有颤抖。
Voice of Lincoln, (David Morse): "On the first day of January, in the year of our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Sixty-Three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“在我们的主一千八百六十三年一月的第一天，所有在任何州内或被指定为州一部分的奴隶的人，其人民将反抗合众国，从那时起，从那时起，将永远自由。”
John Hope Franklin, Historian: It becomes a rallying cry.
历史学家约翰·霍普·富兰克林：这成为了战斗口号。
One of the great documents of all time, that this man has set forth freedom the right of people to be free, to be free.
这是有史以来最伟大的文献之一，这个人提出了自由，即人们获得自由的权利。
Narrator: "Free, free, free," an elderly ex-slave told a Washington newspaperman.
旁白：“自由，自由，自由，”一位年老的前奴隶告诉华盛顿的一名记者。
"Oh, how good it is to be free and to know that what I earn is mine, and that no man can ever say he owns my body or my soul."
“哦，自由是多么美好啊，而且知道我挣来的东西都是我的，没有人可以说他拥有我的身体或灵魂。”
John Hope Franklin, Historian: This war was now a great moral effort, a great battle for the hearts and souls of men and women.
历史学家约翰·霍普·富兰克林：这场战争现在是一场伟大的道德努力，一场关乎男人和女人心灵和灵魂的伟大战斗。
It now was not merely a mechanical military operation to preserve the States.
现在这不仅仅是一场保卫国家的机械军事行动。
You can say all you want about savin' the Union, but now it's a war for freedom.
你可以畅所欲言地拯救联邦，但现在这是一场争取自由的战争。
It's a war for the emancipation of human beings.
这是一场人类解放的战争。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: And that forever changed the country but also changed Lincoln himself.
历史学家斯特罗泽：这永远改变了这个国家，也改变了林肯本人。
Having done it, he becomes a different leader, and he becomes a different man.
做到了这一点，他就成为了一个不同的领导者，他也成为了一个不同的人。
He grows, he changes, he becomes something that he wasn't.
他成长，他改变，他变成了以前不是的人。
Margaret Washington, Historian: It was not a role that he really wanted.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：这不是他真正想要的角色。
And it took some growth to accept that that's what Fate and Destiny and Providence and God had thrust upon him and to accept it.
需要一些成长才能接受这就是命运、命运、普罗维登斯和上帝强加给他的东西并接受它。
And to do what he could to make it a reality.
并尽其所能使其成为现实。
Narrator: With his signature, Lincoln had promised a new birth of freedom, but he would somehow have to win the war to make that promise good.
旁白：林肯在签名时许诺了自由的新生，但他必须以某种方式赢得战争才能兑现这一承诺。
He would need to rally a sharply divided North, and find a general who could crush the rebel armies of the South.
他需要团结分裂严重的北方，并找到一位能够镇压南方叛军的将军。
The hardest fighting and worst hours of Lincoln's presidency still lay ahead.
林肯总统任期内最艰苦的战斗和最糟糕的时刻仍在前面。
Narrator: As 1863 began, the war showed no sign of ending.
旁白：1863年伊始，战争就没有结束的迹象。
Hundreds of thousands of Union troops were shivering in winter camp.
数十万联邦军在冬令营里瑟瑟发抖。
Every day, more than 100 men deserted, and hundreds more were dying of disease.
每天都有超过 100 人开小差，还有数百人因病死亡。
There was nothing Abraham Lincoln could do about any of it.
亚伯拉罕·林肯对此无能为力。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: The Lincoln of 1863 was a badgered, harried, tired, and often desperately worried President.
传记作者戴维·赫伯特·唐纳德 (David Herbert Donald)：1863 年的林肯是一位烦躁、烦躁、疲倦且常常极度忧虑的总统。
There was great criticism that he wasn't managing things well, and pretty much everybody had a feeling that he was incompetent.
有人批评他管理不好，几乎每个人都觉得他无能。
Narrator: Open opposition to the war had begun to spread.
旁白：公开反对战争的声音已经开始蔓延。
Some in the North resented Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation: they did not want to fight a war to free black slaves.
北方的一些人对林肯的《解放黑人奴隶宣言》表示不满：他们不想为解放黑人奴隶而打一场战争。
Many blamed Lincoln personally for all the Union casualties.
许多人将所有联邦伤亡归咎于林肯个人。
One newspaper called him "an awful ass and a damn fool."
一份报纸称他为“一个可怕的混蛋和一个该死的傻瓜”。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: A prominent Republican said that "the President had hardly a friend here in Washington.
历史学家麦克弗森：一位著名的共和党人说，“总统在华盛顿几乎没有朋友。
If a National Convention were held now to re-nominate him, he wouldn't get a vote."
如果现在召开国民大会重新提名他，他将不会获得投票。”
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "If there's a worse place than hell I am in it."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“如果有比地狱更糟糕的地方，我就在里面。”
Narrator: A year after the death of her son Willy, Mary Lincoln was still mourning, still plagued by nausea and migraines.
旁白：儿子威利去世一年后，玛丽·林肯仍在哀悼之中，仍然受到恶心和偏头痛的困扰。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "Only those who have passed through such bereavements can realize how the heart bleeds at the return of these anniversaries."
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“只有那些经历过这种丧亲之痛的人才能意识到，在这些周年纪念日到来时，心是如何流血的。”
Narrator: Mary could no longer lift her over-burdened husband's spirits, and Lincoln, preoccupied and protective, did not share his burdens with her.
旁白：玛丽再也无法让她负担过重的丈夫精神振奋，而林肯则心事重重、保护欲强，没有与她分担他的负担。
They were moving in different worlds.
他们在不同的世界里移动。
Slate: Abraham and Mary Lincoln: A House Divided
石板：亚伯拉罕和玛丽·林肯：分裂的房子
Narrator: A spring rain turned roads to mud as the mighty Union Army moved forward in Virginia.
旁白：强大的联邦军在弗吉尼亚州前进时，一场春雨使道路变得泥泞。
Lincoln badly needed a victory, and his new general had promised him one.
林肯迫切需要一场胜利，而他的新将军已向他许诺一场胜利。
Joseph Hooker was known as "Fighting Joe" for the headstrong courage he'd shown during the Peninsula campaign and again at Antietam, and he was full of self-confidence.
约瑟夫·胡克因在半岛战役和安提坦战役中表现出的任性勇气而被称为“战斗乔”，而且他充满了自信。
Lincoln hoped he had finally found a commander who understood that southern armies had to be destroyed, not just defeated.
林肯希望他最终找到了一位理解南方军队必须被摧毁而不仅仅是被击败的指挥官。
Hooker had sent his army on a long secret march to trap Robert E.
胡克派遣他的军队进行一次漫长的秘密行军，以诱捕罗伯特·E·胡克。
Lee's Confederates at a place called Chancellorsville.
李的同盟军在一个叫切勒斯维尔的地方。
Union forces outnumbered the rebels two to one.
联邦军队在人数上以二比一战胜叛军。
"May God have mercy on General Lee," Hooker told the President "for I will have none."
胡克对总统说：“愿上帝怜悯李将军，因为我不会有任何怜悯。”
The battle began at midday on May 2.
战斗于5月2日中午打响。
Lincoln sat by the telegraph waiting for news.
林肯坐在电报机旁等待消息。
With only a shadowy picture of what was happening on the battlefield, he wired the army, "Where is General Hooker?" For four days, he heard almost nothing.
他只对战场上发生的事情有一个模糊的了解，他给军队发了电报：“胡克将军在哪里？”四天来，他几乎什么也没听到。
Finally, he got his answer.
终于，他得到了答案。
Robert E.
罗伯特·E。
Lee had routed the Federal Army and once again gotten away clean.
李击溃了联邦军，再次全身而退。
"My God!
“天啊！
My God!" Lincoln said.
天啊！”林肯说道。
"What will the country say?
“国家会说什么？
What will the country say?"
国家会怎么说？”
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: It's a low moment for the Union.
历史学家米勒：这是联盟的低谷时刻。
And it's at moments like this he has to convince his country that it must stay in the field and carry this thing through.
正是在这样的时刻，他必须说服他的国家必须留在现场并完成这件事。
Lincoln said earlier in the war, I'm not leaving the table 'til the last card is played.
林肯在战争初期曾说过，在打完最后一张牌之前我不会离开桌子。
Harriet Beecher Stowe once visited the President, and she came away and she said, you know he's a strong man, but he's not strong in an aggressive way.
哈丽特·比彻·斯托（Harriet Beecher Stowe）曾经拜访过总统，她离开时说，你知道他是一个坚强的人，但他的坚强并不具有侵略性。
His strength is not like that of a cement buttress.
他的力量并不像水泥支柱那样。
She said his strength is that of a wire.
她说他的力量就像一根电线。
She says a strong wire cable.
她说是一根坚固的电缆。
And that wire cable gives and gives.
那根电缆不断地给予。
There's Democratic pressure here, and Southern pressure there, and popular pressure here, but the wire holds.
这里有民主党的压力，那里有南方的压力，这里还有民众的压力，但电线仍然坚守。
Narrator: On the morning of July 2, 1863, Mary Lincoln was making her way by carriage to the White House from the Soldiers Home.
旁白：1863 年 7 月 2 日早上，玛丽·林肯从士兵之家乘马车前往白宫。
Somewhere along the way, the carriage turned over.
半路不知何处，马车翻了。
The driver and Mrs. Lincoln were both thrown to the ground.
司机和林肯夫人双双被摔倒在地。
Mary cut her head on a rock.
玛丽在岩石上割伤了头。
The wound soon became infected.
伤口很快就感染了。
A nurse had to stay with Mary round the clock for three weeks.
一名护士必须全天候照顾玛丽三个星期。
She had always suffered from headaches; now, she would never again be free of them.
她一直饱受头痛之苦。现在，她再也无法摆脱它们了。
Later, a rumor spread that someone had unscrewed the driver's seat in hopes of killing the President.
后来，有传言称有人拧开了驾驶座，希望刺杀总统。
Lincoln had little time to comfort Mary; on the morning of her injury, two momentous battles were underway: General Ulysses S.
林肯几乎没有时间安慰玛丽。在她受伤的那天早上，两场重大战斗正在进行：尤利西斯·S·将军（General Ulysses S.
Grant had been laying siege to the Mississippi river town of Vicksburg for more than six weeks; if Vicksburg fell Federal troops would control the Mississippi, the South's most important waterway -- and split the Confederacy in two.
格兰特已经围攻密西西比河小镇维克斯堡六个星期多了。如果维克斯堡陷落，联邦军队将控制南方最重要的水道密西西比河，并将南部邦联一分为二。
At the same time, General Robert E.
与此同时，罗伯特·E.
Lee had invaded the North again with an army of 75,000 men and confronted Union forces at a Pennsylvania town called Gettysburg.
李率领 75,000 人的军队再次入侵北方，并在宾夕法尼亚州一个名叫葛底斯堡的小镇与联邦军队对峙。
Lee believed that if he could win here, he could carry the war deeper into Union territory and pressure Lincoln to make peace.
李相信，如果他能在这里获胜，他就可以将战争深入到联邦领土，并向林肯施压，要求他讲和。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Lee's blood was up.
历史学家米勒：李的热血沸腾了。
He thought that this was a chance to strike the blow that he needed to win the Civil War.
他认为这是一个机会，可以给予他赢得内战所需的打击。
Narrator: To stop Lee, Lincoln turned to still another Commander, General George Gordon Meade.
旁白：为了阻止李，林肯求助于另一位指挥官乔治·戈登·米德将军。
Meade was himself from Pennsylvania and could therefore be expected, Lincoln said, to "fight well on his own dunghill."
林肯说，米德本人来自宾夕法尼亚州，因此可以期待他“在自己的粪堆上打好仗”。
Meade's troops were well dug-in and commanded the high ground.
米德的部队防守严密，占据制高点。
Lee's men would be hard put to move them.
李的手下很难移动他们。
Lincoln waited and worried.
林肯焦急地等待着。
For two days, the confederates threw themselves against the Union lines.
两天来，同盟军一直在对抗联邦军的防线。
Again and again, they nearly broke through, but in the end, Union soldiers managed to hurl them back.
一次又一次，他们险些突破，但最终，联邦士兵成功地将他们击退。
Then, at about 1 p.m.
然后，下午 1 点左右。
on July 3, Confederate artillery shells began raining down on the Union center.
7月3日，南方邦联的炮弹开始如雨点般落在联邦中心。
In the distance, Lee's army was assembling for one more massive assault.
远处，李的军队正在集结，准备发起另一次大规模进攻。
To the Union men, it looked like suicide.
对于联邦人来说，这看起来就像自杀。
Confederate soldiers marching across a mile of open ground right into their guns.
同盟军士兵穿过一英里的空地，径直拿起枪。
Union fire blew them to pieces.
联盟的大火将他们炸成了碎片。
Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle of the war: 51,000 men on both sides were killed, wounded, or captured in just three days.
葛底斯堡战役是战争中最血腥的一场战役：短短三天内，双方就有 51,000 人阵亡、受伤或被俘。
But Meade had won.
但米德赢了。
The Confederate invasion of the North had been stopped, and Lee had suffered such losses that it seemed doubtful he would ever be able to mount another.
南方邦联对北方的入侵已经停止，李遭受了如此大的损失，以至于他是否能够再次发起进攻似乎令人怀疑。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: This victory marked a real turning point in the Civil War.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：这次胜利标志着内战的真正转折点。
Lee was obliged to retreat, and that was the last major invasion of the North.
李被迫撤退，这是对北方的最后一次大规模入侵。
Narrator: On the evening of July 4, the White House was lit with candles in honor of the victory at Gettysburg.
旁白：7月4日晚，白宫点起蜡烛，庆祝葛底斯堡战役的胜利。
And Vicksburg had surrendered to Ulysses S.
维克斯堡已向尤利西斯·S·投降。
Grant that morning.
那天早上格兰特。
When the Secretary of the Navy brought Lincoln the news, the President leaped up and hugged him.
当海军部长向林肯报告这个消息时，总统跳起来拥抱了他。
"I cannot tell you in words of my joy over this result," Lincoln said.
林肯说：“我无法用语言来表达我对这一结果的喜悦。”
"It is great!
“太棒了！
It is great...."
太棒了……”
"If General Meade can complete his work the rebellion will be over."
“如果米德将军能够完成他的工作，叛乱就会结束。”
But Lincoln soon received devastating news: Meade had failed to catch the crippled Confederate army.
但林肯很快就收到了毁灭性的消息：米德未能抓住残破的南方邦联军队。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: As Lincoln said later, we had them in the hollow of our hands, and we didn't close the hand.
历史学家米勒：正如林肯后来所说，我们把它们握在手中，但我们并没有合上手。
Narrator: That evening, Robert Lincoln dropped by the President's office.
旁白：那天晚上，罗伯特·林肯顺便拜访了总统办公室。
He found his father alone, his head resting on his desk.
他发现父亲独自一人，头靠在桌子上。
When Lincoln looked up, his eyes were filled with tears.
当林肯抬起头时，他的眼里充满了泪水。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "If I had gone up there, I could have whipped them myself."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“如果我去了那里，我自己就能鞭打他们。”
Narrator: By the summer of 1863, black soldiers had joined the struggle against the rebel armies.
旁白：1863年夏天，黑人士兵加入了对抗叛军的斗争。
"The colored population," Lincoln said, "is the great available and yet unavailed of force for restoring the Union." The President was now encouraging the massive recruitment of black soldiers.
林肯说：“有色人种是恢复联邦可用但尚未利用的强大力量。”总统现在鼓励大规模招募黑人士兵。
He had once been reluctant even to consider enlisting them.
他曾经一度不愿意考虑招募他们。
Margaret Washington, Historian: The question for him was would Northerners fight with black men?
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：对他来说，问题是北方人会与黑人作战吗？
Would white Northerners fight with black men?
北方白人会和黑人打架吗？
He didn't think they would.
他不认为他们会。
Narrator: But Lincoln had pledged in the Emancipation Proclamation to allow African Americans to fight, and he had kept his promise.
旁白：但是林肯在《解放奴隶宣言》中承诺允许非裔美国人参战，他也兑现了他的诺言。
John Hope Franklin, Historian: If you read that portion of the Proclamation which invited blacks to join in the struggle, he's gonna enlist them as soldiers, and they're to be recruited and come in and fight for the Union.
约翰·霍普·富兰克林，历史学家：如果你读过《公告》中邀请黑人加入斗争的那一部分，他将征募他们作为士兵，他们将被招募并进来为联邦而战。
Narrator: African American troops faced their first real test on a battlefield in Louisiana.
旁白：非裔美国军队在路易斯安那州的战场上面临着第一次真正的考验。
Forty-four black soldiers died trying to take Port Hudson, 133 were wounded.
44 名黑人士兵在攻占哈德逊港时牺牲，133 人受伤。
Their valor moved Lincoln to begin to see black Americans in a new light.
他们的勇气感动了林肯，开始以新的眼光看待美国黑人。
Margaret Washington, Historian: He realizes that African Americans will fight.
玛格丽特华盛顿，历史学家：他意识到非裔美国人会战斗。
And I think it creates a new respect for African American manhood that Lincoln really didn't have before.
我认为这为非裔美国人的男子气概创造了一种新的尊重，这是林肯以前所没有的。
He also, however, was aware of white attitudes.
然而，他也意识到白人的态度。
He had agreed that it would be best that African Americans be paid less.
他同意最好减少非洲裔美国人的工资。
So again we are faced with this contradiction.
于是我们又面临这样的矛盾。
He wanted to see them as equal, but he didn't feel the country was ready or perhaps he himself wasn't ready.
他希望看到他们平等，但他觉得这个国家还没有准备好，或者也许他自己还没有准备好。
Narrator: That summer, Lincoln met, for the first time, with Frederick Douglass, the former slave who had become the best-known black spokesman in America.
旁白：那年夏天，林肯第一次会见了弗雷德里克·道格拉斯，这位前奴隶后来成为美国最著名的黑人代言人。
Margaret Washington, Historian: Lincoln had never met an African American who was as erudite and as knowledgeable and as forward in his conversation as Frederick Douglass.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：林肯从来没有遇到过像弗雷德里克·道格拉斯那样博学、知识渊博、谈话中如此直率的非裔美国人。
Narrator: Douglass urged equal treatment for African American fighting men -- equal pay and equal opportunity for promotion.
旁白：道格拉斯敦促非洲裔美国战士得到平等待遇——同工同酬和平等晋升机会。
Lincoln said he had to move with caution -- that the enlistmentment of black soldiers was still "a serious offense to popular prejudice."
林肯表示，他必须谨慎行事——征募黑人士兵仍然是“对民众偏见的严重冒犯”。
"I was well satisfied with the man and with the educating tendency of the conflict," Douglass remembered, "though I was not entirely satisfied by his views." Lincoln could not seem to satisfy anyone.
“我对这个人和冲突的教育倾向非常满意，”道格拉斯回忆道，“尽管我对他的观点并不完全满意。”林肯似乎无法让任何人满意。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Even some of Lincoln's supporters use terms like, "Lincoln has the nigger on his mind." They thought this war was all about bringing the country back together, now it's become a war to liberate slaves.
米勒，历史学家：甚至林肯的一些支持者也使用这样的术语：“林肯心里有黑鬼。”他们认为这场战争只是为了让国家重新团结起来，现在它变成了一场解放奴隶的战争。
Narrator: Meanwhile, Congress had passed a law calling for young men to be drafted.
旁白：与此同时，国会通过了一项法律，要求征召年轻人入伍。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Americans are going to be drafted to accomplish something that they do not support, and that is emancipation.
朗，历史学家：美国人将被征召去完成他们不支持的事情，那就是解放。
When you combine emancipation and conscription together, you get a very violent mix.
当你把解放和征兵结合在一起时，你会得到一个非常暴力的组合。
Narrator: That summer, mobs of poor Irish immigrants enraged by the draft took over most of New York City's East Side for three days -- burning and looting, beating and lynching African Americans.
旁白：那年夏天，被征兵激怒的贫穷爱尔兰移民暴徒占领了纽约市东区的大部分地区，持续了三天——焚烧、抢劫、殴打和私刑处决非裔美国人。
Margaret Washington, Historian: African Americans in New York City were incinerated.
历史学家玛格丽特·华盛顿：纽约市的非裔美国人被焚烧。
A black orphanage was burned to the ground.
一座黑人孤儿院被烧毁。
Policemen or anyone who tried to help them was also attacked.
警察或任何试图帮助他们的人也遭到袭击。
Irish immigrants don't want to fight to free black slaves who will challenge them for their jobs once they are freed.
爱尔兰移民不想为解放黑人奴隶而战，一旦他们获得自由，他们就会挑战他们的工作。
Narrator: More than 100 people died before it was over.
旁白：还没结束就已经有100多人死亡了。
It had been the worst riot in the nation's history.
这是该国历史上最严重的骚乱。
Six days after the riots began, 600 soldiers in the all black Massachusetts 54th Regiment stormed Fort Wagner in Charleston Harbor.
骚乱开始六天后，全黑人马萨诸塞州第 54 团的 600 名士兵袭击了查尔斯顿港的瓦格纳堡。
More than half were killed or wounded.
超过一半的人死亡或受伤。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "...There will be some black men who can remember that, with silent tongue and clenched teeth and steady eye and well-poised bayonet they have helped mankind on this great consummation; while, I fear there will be some white ones, unable to forget, that with malignant heart and deceitful speech they have strove to hinder it."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“......将会有一些黑人能够记住，他们以沉默的舌头、咬紧牙关、坚定的目光和蓄势待发的刺刀，帮助人类实现了这一伟大的成就；而我担心会有一些白人无法忘记，他们以恶毒的心和欺骗性的言论竭力阻碍这一伟大的成就。”
John Hope Franklin, Historian: He felt that if they're gonna fight for the Union, they had a stake in the Union in a very special way.
约翰·霍普·富兰克林，历史学家：他觉得如果他们要为联邦而战，他们就会以一种非常特殊的方式与联邦息息相关。
And if blacks are going to be a part of the Union, then perhaps there are some things that they're entitled, like privilege and opportunity, maybe equality, maybe the franchise, that sort of thing.
如果黑人要成为联邦的一部分，那么也许他们有一些权利，比如特权和机会，也许是平等，也许是选举权，诸如此类的东西。
And I think those are the things which Lincoln began to think about almost immediately and seriously.
我认为这些是林肯几乎立即开始认真思考的事情。
He's inching along himself toward the notion that blacks can be citizens in every sense of the term.
他正在慢慢地走向黑人可以成为各种意义上的公民的观念。
Narrator: By August, Mary Lincoln had recovered from the carriage accident.
旁白：到了八月，玛丽·林肯已经从马车事故中康复了。
She traveled North with her 10-year-old son Tad, away from the Washington heat and the fevers that accompanied it, to the White Mountains of New Hampshire.
她带着 10 岁的儿子泰德向北旅行，远离华盛顿的酷热和随之而来的发烧，前往新罕布什尔州的怀特山脉。
Lincoln sent her the latest news -- from the battlefield and from the home front, too:
林肯向她发送了来自战场和后方的最新消息：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "August 8, 1863, My dear wife.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“1863 年 8 月 8 日，我亲爱的妻子。
All well as usual....
一切都像往常一样顺利......
Tell dear Tad poor Nanny Goat is lost and I am in distress about it.
告诉亲爱的泰德，可怜的山羊保姆迷路了，我对此感到很痛苦。
The day you left, Nanny was found resting herself, and chewing her little cud on the middle of Tad's bed.
你离开的那天，人们发现保姆正在泰德的床中间休息，反刍着小东西。
But now she's gone!...
但现在她已经走了！...
The weather continues dry and excessively warm here....
这里的天气持续干燥且异常温暖......
But enough.
但足够了。
Affectionately....
深情地....
A.
A.
Lincoln"
林肯”
Narrator: On November 18, 1863, Abraham Lincoln was on his way to Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
旁白：1863 年 11 月 18 日，亚伯拉罕·林肯 (Abraham Lincoln) 正在前往宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的途中。
He had not wanted to leave Washington.
他不想离开华盛顿。
Tad had a raging fever, and Mary, who had already lost two of her boys to illness, was terrified.
泰德发着高烧，玛丽吓坏了，她的两个儿子已经因病去世。
Lincoln tried to push his concern about Tad from his mind.
林肯试图摆脱对泰德的担忧。
He had made a promise he was determined to keep.
他已经做出了他决心遵守的承诺。
A military cemetery was to be dedicated on the Gettysburg battlefield, and Lincoln had been asked to say a few words there.
葛底斯堡战场上将修建一座军人公墓，林肯被要求在那里说几句话。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He was asked just to make a few appropriate remarks.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他只是被要求发表一些适当的言论。
It was not expected that he would say anything memorable because Edward Everett, the great Massachusetts orator, was going to speak for more than two hours and make the grand oration.
预计他不会说任何令人难忘的话，因为马萨诸塞州伟大的演说家爱德华·埃弗雷特(Edward Everett)将发表两个多小时的演讲并发表盛大的演讲。
Narrator: That evening, while a crowd sang outside his window, the President worked over the speech he had been writing and rewriting.
旁白：那天晚上，当一群人在窗外唱歌时，总统正在研读他一直在写和重写的演讲稿。
Mark E.
马克·E。
Neely Jr., Historian: He could make a document sound exactly as he thought it should sound.
小尼利，历史学家：他可以让一份文件听起来完全像他认为的那样。
And he does it as a matter of conscious manipulation of language.
他这样做是有意识地操纵语言。
Where did it come from?
它从哪里来？
Less than a year's formal schooling, not quite sure exactly when he learned how to read and write.
正规教育还不到一年，不太确定自己到底是什么时候学会读书写字的。
Didn't learn polished grammar until he's in his twenties.
直到二十多岁时他才学会了优美的语法。
There is, it seems to me, no accounting for exactly how he grew, but that he did is beyond question.
在我看来，无法解释他到底是如何成长的，但他确实成长了，这是毫无疑问的。
Narrator: Late that evening, a messenger knocked on Lincoln's door.
旁白：那天傍晚，一位信使敲响了林肯的门。
He handed the President a telegram.
他递给总统一份电报。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "Honorable A.
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“尊敬的 A.
Lincoln.
林肯.
The Doctor has just left.
医生刚刚离开。
We hope dear Taddie is slightly better.
我们希望亲爱的塔迪好一点。
Will send you a telegram in the morning.
早上会给你发电报。
Mrs. Lincoln"
林肯夫人”
Narrator: The relieved President went to sleep.
旁白：如释重负的总统就睡着了。
Cannon woke Gettysburg the next morning.
第二天早上，大炮唤醒了葛底斯堡。
Thousands watched Lincoln and the other dignitaries ride along the dirt road to the cemetery.
数千人看着林肯和其他政要沿着土路骑行前往墓地。
Edward Everett spoke for an hour and 57 minutes.
爱德华·埃弗雷特演讲了 1 小时 57 分钟。
At two o'clock, Lincoln was introduced at last.
两点钟，林肯终于被介绍了。
He wanted to express in his own way the meaning of the sacrifices the Union men had made.
他想用自己的方式表达联邦人民所做出的牺牲的意义。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: The ground was still soggy from bodies that were buried underneath it, and he wanted to consecrate it in terms of the suffering and the death and the blood and what the goals of the war by that point had become, namely preserving the Union and human equality.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：地面仍然因埋在地下的尸体而湿漉漉的，他想以苦难、死亡和鲜血以及当时战争的目标，即维护联邦和人类平等的方式来祭祀它。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new Nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“二十七年前，我们的父辈在这片大陆上建立了一个新国家，这个国家孕育于自由，致力于人人生而平等的主张。
Now we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
现在我们正在进行一场伟大的内战，考验这个国家，或者任何一个如此孕育和奉献的国家是否能够长久存在。
We are met on a great battlefield of that war.
我们在那场战争的伟大战场上相遇。
We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
我们来到这里是为了奉献那片土地的一部分，作为那些为这个国家的生存而献出生命的人们的最后安息之地。
It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this."
我们这样做是完全恰当和恰当的。”
Margaret Washington, Historian: When Lincoln says, "Fourscore and seven years ago, our Fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal," then he is equating what's happening at that time with the founding of the Nation and the Declaration of Independence.
历史学家玛格丽特·华盛顿：当林肯说：“七年前，我们的父辈在这片大陆上建立了一个新国家，它在自由中孕育，致力于人人生而平等的主张”，那么他就是将当时发生的事情与建国和《独立宣言》等同起来。
The Declaration of Independence proclaims that all men are created equal.
《独立宣言》宣称人人生而平等。
And he is saying that equality was what the Civil War was about.
他说平等就是内战的意义所在。
And that the Nation was going through a catharsis of upholding what the Declaration of Independence stood for.
国家正在经历一场维护《独立宣言》所代表的宣泄。
And they were paying a very, very heavy price for it.
他们为此付出了非常非常沉重的代价。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow this ground.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，我们不能奉献——我们不能奉献——我们不能圣化这片土地。
The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.
曾经在这里奋斗过的勇敢的人们，无论是生者还是死者，都将它神圣化了，这远远超出了我们微薄的力量所能增加或减少的范围。
The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
世界不会注意到，也不会长久记住我们在这里所说的话，但它永远不会忘记他们在这里所做的事情。
It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.
相反，我们活着的人应该在这里献身于那些在这里战斗的人们迄今为止所崇高推进的未完成的工作。
It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this Nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
相反，我们应该在这里致力于摆在我们面前的伟大任务——从这些光荣的死者身上，我们将更多的奉献给他们为之献出最后全部奉献的事业——我们在这里下定决心，让这些死者不会白白牺牲——这个国家在上帝的领导下将获得自由的新生——而民有、民治、民享的政府将不会从地球上消失。”
Narrator: He had spoken for only three minutes -- just 10 sentences, 272 words.
旁白：他只讲了三分钟——只有10句话，272个字。
But Lincoln had changed the meaning of the war.
但林肯改变了战争的意义。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: It was only after the war dragged on and on and on that he began to understand that the only way it would reach an end would be by having blood spent over and over again.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：直到战争一拖再拖后，他才开始明白，结束战争的唯一方法就是一遍又一遍地流血。
And once he made that commitment he was driven to put the war on a higher moral ground.
一旦他做出了这一承诺，他就被迫将战争置于更高的道德基础上。
The war was not simply to reconcile the people from the South into the Union as it was, but rather as he expressed at Gettysburg it would be to create a wholly different, a new nation out of all the blood that had been spent.
这场战争不仅仅是为了使南方人民与联邦和解，而且正如他在葛底斯堡所表达的那样，它将用所付出的所有鲜血来创建一个完全不同的新国家。
He gave the struggle a new meaning, he gave the country a new birth of freedom.
他赋予了斗争新的意义，他赋予了国家自由的新生。
Narrator: In early December, a beautiful young woman in black arrived at the White House with her six-year-old daughter.
旁白：12月初，一位美丽的黑衣少妇带着她六岁的女儿来到了白宫。
She was Emily Todd Helm, Mary's younger half-sister, whose husband had been killed by Union fire just a few weeks earlier.
她是艾米丽·托德·赫尔姆，玛丽同父异母的妹妹，她的丈夫几周前在联邦军的大火中丧生。
She had tried to travel from her home in the deep South to her mother in Kentucky.
她曾尝试从南方腹地的家前往肯塔基州的母亲那里。
But Northern soldiers stopped her, insisting she take an oath of allegiance to the Union.
但北方士兵阻止了她，坚持要求她宣誓效忠联邦。
Out of loyalty to the memory of her husband, she refused.
出于对丈夫的忠诚，她拒绝了。
Lincoln wired the officer in charge: "Send her to me."
林肯给负责的军官发电报：“把她送到我这里来。”
"Mr. Lincoln and my sister met me with the warmest affection," Emily wrote in her diary.
“先生。林肯和我的妹妹以最温暖的感情迎接了我，”艾米丽在日记中写道。
"We were all too grief-stricken at first for speech.
“一开始我们都悲痛欲绝，说不出话来。
I have lost my husband, they have lost their fine little son Willy, and Mary and I have lost three brothers in the Confederate service.
我失去了我的丈夫，他们失去了他们可爱的小儿子威利，玛丽和我失去了在联邦服役的三个兄弟。
We could only embrace each other in silence and tears."
我们只能默默地流着泪互相拥抱。”
As the days passed, Mary and Emily comforted one another.
日子一天天过去，玛丽和艾米丽互相安慰。
They talked of old times and old friends, but carefully avoided talking about the war which divided them.
他们谈论旧时光和老朋友，但小心翼翼地避免谈论导致他们分裂的战争。
"This frightful war comes between us like a barrier of granite," Emily wrote, "closing our lips but not our hearts."
艾米丽写道：“这场可怕的战争就像花岗岩的屏障一样横亘在我们之间，让我们闭上嘴唇，却闭不上心。”
Emily soon noticed that Mary was behaving strangely.
艾米丽很快就注意到玛丽的行为很奇怪。
"She seems very nervous and excitable," Emily wrote, "and once or twice when I have come into the room suddenly the frightened look in her eyes has appalled me."
“她看起来非常紧张和兴奋，”艾米丽写道，“有一两次，当我走进房间时，她眼中突然出现的惊恐表情让我感到震惊。”
Late one night, after everyone had gone to bed, Mary confided to her sister, that Willy's death had shattered her, but she had a consoling secret: the dead still lived.
一天深夜，所有人都上床睡觉后，玛丽向姐姐吐露，威利的死让她心碎，但她有一个令人安慰的秘密：死者仍然活着。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "I want to tell you, Emily, that one may not be wholly without comfort when our loved ones leave us....
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“艾米丽，我想告诉你，当我们所爱的人离开我们时，人们可能不会完全没有安慰......
If Willy did not come to comfort me I would still be drowned in tears....
如果威利没有过来安慰我，我仍然会泪流满面……
He lives, Emily!
他还活着，艾米丽！
He comes to me every night and stands at the foot of my bed with the same sweet adorable smile he always had; he does not always come alone.
他每天晚上都会来找我，站在我的床脚边，脸上带着一如既往的甜美可爱的微笑。他并不总是一个人来。
Little Eddy is sometimes with him."
小艾迪有时会和他在一起。”
Narrator: "Sister Mary's eyes were wide and shining when she told me this," Emily wrote, "it is unnatural and abnormal, it frightens me." Lincoln convinced Emily to stay on as long as she could.
旁白：“当玛丽修女告诉我这件事时，她的眼睛睁得大大的，闪闪发亮，”艾米丽写道，“这是不自然和不正常的，它让我害怕。”林肯说服艾米丽尽可能长时间地留下来。
He was frightened too.
他也害怕了。
They continued to avoid talking about the war.
他们继续避免谈论战争。
It was the children, Emily's daughter Catherine and the Lincolns' son Tad, who broke the silence.
打破沉默的是孩子们，艾米丽的女儿凯瑟琳和林肯夫妇的儿子泰德。
Mary Genevieve Murphy, Todd Family Friend: She and Tad were on the sitting room floor looking at a magazine.
托德家庭朋友玛丽·吉纳维夫·墨菲：她和泰德在客厅地板上看一本杂志。
And Tad said, there was a picture of Lincoln, he said, oh here's the President.
泰德说，有一张林肯的照片，他说，哦，这是总统。
And Catherine said, no, that's not the President, Jeff Davis is President.
凯瑟琳说，不，那不是总统，杰夫·戴维斯才是总统。
And Tad jumped up and down and said, no, Lincoln is President, hooray for Lincoln.
泰德跳上跳下说，不，林肯是总统，林肯万岁。
And she jumped up and said, hooray for Jeff Davis.
她跳起来说，杰夫·戴维斯万岁。
And just, they were about to come to blows and Lincoln was standing in the doorway, so he came over with a chuckle and picked them up and put one on one leg, knee and one on the other and said, well Tad, you know who your President is, and as for Catherine, I'll just be her Uncle Lincoln.
就在他们正要打起来的时候，林肯站在门口，于是他轻笑着走过来，把它们捡起来，把一个放在一条腿上，一个放在膝盖上，一个放在另一条腿上，然后说，好吧，泰德，你知道你的总统是谁，至于凯瑟琳，我只是她的林肯叔叔。
Narrator: One night Emily and the Lincolns were joined for dinner by General Dan Sickles and the blunt-speaking Senator from New York, Ira Harris.
旁白：一天晚上，丹·西克斯将军和来自纽约的直言不讳的参议员艾拉·哈里斯与艾米丽和林肯一家共进晚餐。
Harris asked why when the country was calling upon all its sons to defend the Union, 20 year-old Robert Lincoln was not in the army.
哈里斯问，为什么当国家号召所有子孙保卫联邦时，20 岁的罗伯特·林肯却没有参军。
Mary said it was her fault: Robert wanted to go; the President had wanted him to go; she had insisted he stay in college.
玛丽说这是她的错：罗伯特想去；但罗伯特想去。总统希望他离开；她坚持让他留在大学。
Harris had just one son and he was in the army, he said, turning to Emily, but if he had 20 sons he would want them all fighting rebels.
哈里斯只有一个儿子，而且他在军队里，他转向艾米丽说，但如果他有 20 个儿子，他希望他们都与叛军作战。
"And if I had 20 sons," Emily shot back, "they should all be opposing yours!"
“如果我有 20 个儿子，”艾米丽反驳道，“他们都应该反对你的儿子！”
General Sickles, who had lost a leg at Gettysburg, told the President he "should not have that rebel in his house."
在葛底斯堡失去一条腿的西克斯将军告诉总统，他“不应该让那个叛乱分子出现在他的家里”。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Excuse me, General Sickles.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“对不起，西克斯将军。
My wife and I are in the habit of choosing our own guests.
我和我的妻子习惯于自己选择客人。
We do not need from our friends either advice or assistance in the matter."
在这件事上我们不需要朋友的建议或帮助。”
Narrator: The tragedy of the Civil War was being played out in the Lincolns' own home.
旁白：内战的悲剧正在林肯家族的家里上演。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: The divisions of the war cut right into the heart of people's personal ties.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：战争的分裂直接切入了人们个人关系的核心。
Families were being broken apart, loved ones were being pushed in different directions.
家庭支离破碎，亲人被推向不同的方向。
And two sisters who wanted only to express their sadness and their loss with one another were prevented from doing so.
两姐妹只想表达她们的悲伤和彼此的失落，却被阻止了。
Narrator: On December 14, Lincoln gave Emily a pass for her trip home and put his arms around her.
旁白：12月14日，林肯给了艾米丽一张回家的通行证，并用双臂搂住了她。
"I hope you do not feel any bitterness," Lincoln told her, "or that I am in any way to blame for all this sorrow."
“我希望你不要感到任何痛苦，”林肯告诉她，“或者我应该为所有这些悲伤负责。”
Lincoln hoped she would come back the following summer.
林肯希望她明年夏天能回来。
It would help to calm Mary.
这有助于让玛丽平静下来。
"Her nerves," he said, "have gone to pieces."
“她的神经已经崩溃了，”他说。
"I believe if anything should happen to you or Robert or Tad," Emily told him, "it would kill her."
“我相信，如果你、罗伯特或泰德出了什么事，”艾米丽告诉他，“她就会死。”
On March 8, 1864, the Lincolns were holding a reception in the East Room.
1864年3月8日，林肯家族在东厅举行招待会。
General U.S. Grant arrived late.
美国格兰特将军迟到了。
He had never met the President before, never even been to Washington.
他以前从未见过总统，甚至从未去过华盛顿。
"Why, here is General Grant," Lincoln said.
“哎呀，这就是格兰特将军，”林肯说。
"This is a great pleasure I assure you!"
“我向你保证，这是我的荣幸！”
The next day, Lincoln made Grant a Lieutenant General -- the first man since George Washington to hold that rank -- and put him in charge of all the Union armies.
第二天，林肯任命格兰特为中将，这是自乔治·华盛顿以来第一位担任该军衔的人，并让他负责所有联邦军队。
Grant had won important victories in the West, had taken Vicksburg, and, everywhere, he had shown a willingness to fight -- and keep fighting.
格兰特在西部赢得了重要的胜利，占领了维克斯堡，而且在各地，他都表现出了战斗的意愿——并且继续战斗。
But there were rumors that he drank too much and was too careless with the lives of his men.
但有传言称他酗酒，对手下的生命太不关心。
Lincoln paid no attention.
林肯没有在意。
The President hoped he had at last found the commander he'd been looking for since the war began.
总统希望他终于找到了自战争开始以来他一直在寻找的指挥官。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Lincoln recognized that war brought out the bulldog in Grant.
朗，历史学家：林肯认识到，战争在格兰特身上催生了斗牛犬。
It brought out the tenacity.
它带出了坚韧。
It brought out that aggression that was needed to command the Northern armies to victory in this war.
它带来了指挥北方军队在这场战争中取得胜利所需的侵略性。
Narrator: Grant proposed an all-out assault on the Confederacy: several Union armies moving simultaneously to destroy the rebel forces.
旁白：格兰特提议对南部邦联进行全面进攻：几支联邦军队同时出动，消灭叛军。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I wish to express my entire satisfaction with your plans...
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我希望对您的计划表示完全满意......
so far as I can understand them.
据我所知。
The particulars I neither know nor seek to know."
我既不知道也不想知道细节。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Grant's ideas about fighting the war were Lincoln's.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：格兰特关于战争的想法是林肯的。
As the war went on, Lincoln more and more realized that you can't just wait for Southern Unionists to bring the states back into Union, you can't just have one battle and call it over, you can't just maneuver and play games of strategy.
随着战争的继续，林肯越来越意识到，你不能只是等待南方联邦主义者将各州带回联邦，你不能只打一场仗就结束，你不能只是进行机动和玩战略游戏。
You simply must bludgeon the Confederacy into surrender.
你必须用棍棒迫使联邦投降。
Narrator: On May 6th, Lincoln got word that Grant's massive army was marching south toward Richmond through the tangled Virginia forest known locally as "the Wilderness." Somewhere in the thickets ahead of him, Robert E.
旁白：5月6日，林肯得到消息，格兰特的大军正穿过被当地人称为“荒野”的错综复杂的弗吉尼亚森林，向南向里士满进军。在他前面的灌木丛中的某个地方，罗伯特·E.
Lee and 65,000 Confederates were waiting.
李和 65,000 名同盟者正在等待。
"If you see the President," Grant said, "tell him from me that whatever happens there will be no turning back."
“如果你见到总统，”格兰特说，“请转告他，无论发生什么，都不会回头。”
There was no turning back.
没有回头路了。
The seven weeks of fighting that followed were some of the most savage ever seen.
接下来的七周战斗是有史以来最野蛮的战斗之一。
The wilderness.
荒野。
Spotsylvania.
斯波西瓦尼亚。
Cold Harbor, where 7,000 Union soldiers were lost, most of them, in the first 30 minutes.
冷港，7,000 名联邦士兵在前 30 分钟内阵亡，其中大部分是在战斗开始后的 30 分钟内阵亡。
In one week, Grant lost 32,000 men.
一周之内，格兰特就损失了 32,000 名士兵。
By June, he had lost more men than were left in Lee's command.
到了六月，他损失的兵力已经超过了李麾下剩余的兵力。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Grant brought a new conception of warfare.
历史学家米勒：格兰特带来了新的战争概念。
He stayed on Robert E.
他留在了罗伯特·E.
Lee's tail.
李的尾巴。
He gets in close, like a boxer, like a body-puncher.
他像拳击手一样接近，像拳击手一样。
He's carrying out Lincoln's wishes.
他正在实现林肯的愿望。
Lincoln said wherever Lee goes, you go.
林肯说，李去哪儿，你就去哪儿。
All along the North possessed the resources to bring this war to closure.
北方一直拥有结束这场战争的资源。
It was...
这是...
what they lacked was the will to do it and the persons to execute the will.
他们缺乏的是这样做的意愿和执行意愿的人。
I think Lincoln had the will, and he found in someone like Grant the person who was able to execute the plan.
我认为林肯有这个意愿，他在格兰特这样的人身上找到了能够执行该计划的人。
Narrator: As news of the terrible losses spread, the country was appalled.
旁白：随着可怕损失的消息传开，举国震惊。
Even the President's wife was horrified.
就连总统夫人也被吓到了。
"Grant is a butcher," Mary Lincoln told her husband, "and not fit to be at the head of an army."
“格兰特是一名屠夫，”玛丽·林肯告诉她的丈夫，“不适合领导军队。”
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Day after day, week after week, the casualties mount and mount and mount.
历史学家米勒：日复一日，周复一周，伤亡人数不断增加。
We could never accept casualties like that today.
我们绝对不能接受今天这样的伤亡。
Never.
从来没有。
Never.
从来没有。
We would never fight a war like that.
我们永远不会打这样的战争。
Those casualties are unheard of in proportion to the population.
这些伤亡人数与人口比例是闻所未闻的。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: Lincoln said we outnumber the South by more than two to one, even if we suffer two casualties to their one, in the end they'll be more of us left then them.
历史学家麦克弗森：林肯说，我们的人数比南方多二比一，即使我们伤亡人数比南方多，但最终我们留下的人数会比他们多。
Narrator: The President could not sleep.
旁白：总统睡不着。
He paced the White House corridors, dark rings beneath his eyes.
他在白宫走廊里踱来踱去，眼底有黑眼圈。
"I feel," he confided to a friend, "as though I shall never be glad anymore."
“我觉得，”他向一位朋友吐露，“好像我永远不会再高兴了。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: The streets of Washington were lined with ambulances full of wounded soldiers.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：华盛顿的街道两旁停满了满载受伤士兵的救护车。
Lincoln was obviously moved when he saw these.
林肯看到这些显然很感动。
He told a friend "The weight of this, the sorrow of this is simply more than I can bear." If you look at Lincoln's photographs from this time, the furrowed brow, the tremendous lines down his face, the anguish in those eyes.
他对一位朋友说：“这个重量、这个悲伤简直超出了我的承受能力。”如果你看一下林肯这个时期的照片，你会发现他紧锁的眉头、脸上的巨大皱纹以及眼睛里的痛苦。
It was not easy for him.
这对他来说并不容易。
It had a tremendous cost.
它付出了巨大的代价。
But Lincoln accompanied his tenderness with a desperate ferocity about ends.
但林肯在他的温柔中却伴随着对目的的绝望的凶猛。
The end here could only be done by force.
这里的结局只能通过武力来完成。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: Lincoln called for 300,000 more men to bring this thing to an end.
历史学家米勒：林肯号召增派 30 万人来结束这件事。
And he called for 6,000 more men from Illinois.
他还从伊利诺伊州召集了另外 6,000 名人员。
And this Illinois delegation who felt that their state had been bled dry already by the war.
这个伊利诺伊州代表团感到他们的州已经被战争榨干了。
So they went to see the President at the White House.
于是他们就去白宫见总统。
And basically they were saying to Lincoln, don't dip into our manpower pool for more troops, we've given enough to the country.
基本上他们是在对林肯说，不要动用我们的人力库来增加军队，我们已经为国家提供了足够的资源。
Now these were the men who urged him to fortify Fort Sumter, the guys that are screaming for a war of terror, that are screaming for the suppression of the South.
现在，这些人敦促他加强萨姆特堡的防御工事，这些人尖叫着发动恐怖战争，尖叫着镇压南方。
Lincoln heard them out and turned to them, his face contorted with anger, and he said, "You urged this war, you urged not only a war, but a war of terror.
林肯听完他们的话，转向他们，他的脸因愤怒而扭曲，他说：“你们怂恿这场战争，你们不仅怂恿一场战争，而且怂恿一场恐怖战争。
Now you come here and tell me that you're not going to provide the troops I need to carry through the kind of war that you demanded?
现在你来这里告诉我你不会提供我需要的军队来进行你所要求的那种战争？
This is the price you have to pay for the policies you pressed on me.
这就是你们为我强加的政策所必须付出的代价。
You go back to Illinois and send me those boys."
你回到伊利诺伊州，把那些男孩派给我。”
Narrator: By June 15, Grant's men had fought their way to within sight of Richmond.
旁白：到 6 月 15 日，格兰特的部队已经杀入里士满的视线范围内。
Then, the rebels stopped them at Petersburg.
然后，叛军在彼得堡阻止了他们。
Grant had advanced 60 miles and lost 60,000 men -- three for every one Lee had lost.
格兰特已经前进了 60 英里，并损失了 60,000 人——李每损失 1 人，就损失 3 人。
"Hold on with a bulldog grip," Lincoln wired him, "chew and choke as much as possible."
“用斗牛犬般的抓力抓住，”林肯电告他，“尽可能多地咀嚼和窒息。”
With the end of the war still nowhere in sight, calls for an end to the slaughter came from every quarter.
由于战争仍遥遥无期，停止屠杀的呼声此起彼伏。
The November presidential election was only four months away now, and Lincoln was being assailed once again as inept, uncaring -- a failure.
现在距离 11 月的总统选举只有四个月了，林肯再次被攻击为无能、漠不关心的失败者。
His prospects looked grim.
他的前景看起来很黯淡。
The election hinged on Union victories, but Grant was dug-in at Petersburg and the Union troops under General William Tecumseh Sherman stalled as they drove toward Atlanta.
选举取决于联邦的胜利，但格兰特在彼得堡被困，威廉·特库姆塞·谢尔曼将军领导的联邦军队在向亚特兰大开进时陷入停滞。
The Democrats were about to nominate the former Union Commander, George McClellan, still popular, still ambitious.
民主党即将提名前联邦指挥官乔治·麦克莱伦，他仍然很受欢迎，仍然雄心勃勃。
Lincoln believed McClellan was likely to try to end the war by promising to rescind emancipation.
林肯相信麦克莱伦可能会通过承诺废除奴隶制来试图结束战争。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: The Democrats thought that they had a real chance to win the 1864 election.
历史学家麦克弗森：民主党认为他们真正有机会赢得 1864 年大选。
Lincoln was a discredited leader.
林肯是一位名誉扫地的领导人。
The North appeared to be no closer to winning the war.
朝鲜似乎距离赢得战争并没有更近。
Cartoons appeared in Democratic newspapers portraying Lincoln as a widow maker.
民主党报纸上出现了漫画，将林肯描绘成寡妇制造者。
That's what Democrats called him, "A Widow Maker." And, indeed, if the election had been held in August of 1864, when northern morale was at its low point, I'm convinced that Lincoln would not have been reelected.
民主党人称他为“寡妇制造者”。事实上，如果选举是在 1864 年 8 月北方士气低落的时候举行，我确信林肯不会连任。
The Democrats were calling for an immediate armistice and negotiations with the South.
民主党呼吁立即停战并与南方进行谈判。
The President came under intense pressure to discuss peace with Jefferson Davis.
总统面临着与杰斐逊·戴维斯讨论和平的巨大压力。
Lincoln said, "I'm willing to talk to Jefferson Davis about peace, but here are my conditions: Reunion and Emancipation.
林肯说：“我愿意与杰斐逊·戴维斯谈论和平，但我的条件是：团聚和解放。
I'm not going to back down."
我不会退缩。”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: People condemned Lincoln as the one reason why the war continued.
历史学家朗：人们谴责林肯是战争持续的原因之一。
Thousands of men are dying on a daily basis because this President is determined to free the slaves.
由于这位总统决心解放奴隶，每天都有成千上万的人死去。
"Mr. President, we didn't go to war to free the slaves in the first place.
“先生。总统先生，我们一开始就没有发动战争来解放奴隶。
Why don't you give it up?"
你为什么不放弃呢？”
Lincoln says, "Can't do that, the promise was made, and the promise having been made, it must be kept."
林肯说：“不能这样做，诺言已经做出了，而且诺言已经做出了，就必须遵守。”
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I desire so to conduct the affairs of this administration, that if at the end, when I come to lay down the reins of power, I have lost every friend on earth, I shall have at least one friend left and that friend shall be down inside me."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我希望这样处理本届政府的事务，如果最终，当我放下权力时，我失去了地球上的每一个朋友，我将至少留下一个朋友，而那个朋友将在我内心深处。”
Narrator: Late one evening that summer, Mary Lincoln and Elizabeth Keckley, the seamstress who had become her confidante, sat together in Mary's room.
旁白：那年夏天的一个傍晚，玛丽·林肯和后来成为她红颜知己的女裁缝伊丽莎白·凯克利一起坐在玛丽的房间里。
The First Lady asked Mrs. Keckley if she thought Lincoln would be re-elected.
第一夫人问凯克利夫人是否认为林肯会再次当选。
Mrs. Keckley said that, despite everything, she did.
凯克利夫人说，尽管发生了一切，她还是这么做了。
Mrs. Lincoln seemed relieved.
林肯夫人似乎松了口气。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "If he should be defeated, I do not know what would become of us all.
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“如果他被击败，我不知道我们大家会变成什么样子。
To me, there is more at stake in this election than he dreams of."
对我来说，这次选举的利害关系比他梦想的还要多。”
Narrator: She had a terrible secret, she confessed.
旁白：她承认，她有一个可怕的秘密。
She had once again plunged herself thousands of dollars into debt.
她再次陷入了数千美元的债务之中。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "If my husband knew that I was involved to the extent that I am, the knowledge would drive him mad....
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的配音：“如果我丈夫知道我参与的程度如此之深，他一定会发疯的……
If he is re-elected I can keep him in ignorance of my affairs; but if he is defeated, then the bills will be sent in, and he will know all."
如果他再次当选，我可以让他对我的事情一无所知；但如果他失败了，那么法案就会送来，他就会知道一切。”
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: With the country's future at stake in the 1864 election, Mary, who had once so cared about politics, who had been the anchor for Lincoln through his early political career, would now find herself so obsessively concerned about the spending that had catapulted out of control, that her only thought was, "He's got to win so that my bills will get paid and he will not find out what I have been doing."
历史学家多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温 (Doris Kearns Goodwin)：1864 年的选举使国家的未来岌岌可危，玛丽曾经如此关心政治，在林肯早期的政治生涯中一直是他的支柱，但现在她发现自己对失控的支出如此着迷，她唯一的想法是，“他必须获胜，这样我的账单才能得到支付，他就不会知道我一直在做什么。”
Narrator: As election day drew nearer, Elizabeth Keckley remembered, Mrs. Lincoln was "almost crazy with anxiety and fear."
旁白：随着选举日的临近，伊丽莎白·凯克利回忆道，林肯夫人“因焦虑和恐惧而几乎发疯”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Nothing else seems to have mattered.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：其他似乎都不重要了。
She talked about it, she worried about it.
她谈到这件事，她担心这件事。
That kind of obsession, it's a substitute for all of the other concerns in her life that she couldn't control, the public criticism, the distance of her husband, her own despair and her deep, deep continued mourning over the death of Willy.
那种痴迷，它取代了她生活中所有其他她无法控制的担忧，公众的批评，丈夫的距离，她自己的绝望，以及她对威利之死深沉的持续哀悼。
Narrator: On August 19, Lincoln asked Frederick Douglass to come back to see him at the White House.
旁白：8月19日，林肯邀请弗雷德里克·道格拉斯回来白宫见他。
He wanted Douglass to recruit black men for a daring secret mission -- to make their way into the deepest South and encourage African Americans still enslaved to escape to the Union side before Election Day.
他希望道格拉斯招募黑人执行一项大胆的秘密任务——深入南方最深处，鼓励仍受奴役的非裔美国人在选举日之前逃往联邦一边。
Lincoln was afraid that if he lost the Presidency, slavery's grip would be re-established in the South, and he wanted to get as many slaves to freedom as he possibly could.
林肯担心，如果他失去总统职位，奴隶制将在南方重新建立，他希望尽可能多的奴隶获得自由。
To Frederick Douglass, this proved that Lincoln's concern for slaves was far more than mere politics.
对于弗雷德里克·道格拉斯来说，这证明林肯对奴隶的关心远远超出了单纯的政治。
Margaret Washington, Historian: Douglass now saw Lincoln as the black man's President.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：道格拉斯现在将林肯视为黑人总统。
He was the only President who had ever held audiences with African Americans, who had ever brought them in to tell them of his ideas.
他是唯一一位曾接见非裔美国人并邀请他们来告诉他们他的想法的总统。
So he's the first President who recognizes African Americans as a people and as part of America.
因此，他是第一位承认非裔美国人是一个民族和美国一部分的总统。
Narrator: "In Lincoln's company," Douglass wrote, "I was never in any way reminded of my humble origin, or of my unpopular color.
旁白：“在林肯的陪伴下，”道格拉斯写道，“我从来没有以任何方式想起我卑微的出身，或者我不受欢迎的肤色。
Lincoln was not only a great President, but a great man."
林肯不仅是一位伟大的总统，而且是一位伟人。”
Three days after Frederick Douglass' visit, Lincoln stood on the White House lawn to review the men of the 166th Ohio Regiment, about to go home on leave after hard fighting in the Wilderness Campaign.
弗雷德里克·道格拉斯访问三天后，林肯站在白宫草坪上检阅第 166 俄亥俄团的士兵，他们在荒野战役中经历了艰苦的战斗后即将休假回家。
Lincoln thanked them for their service and reminded them of the cause for which they fought.
林肯感谢他们的服务，并提醒他们为之奋斗的事业。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It is not merely for today but for all time to come that we should perpetuate for our children's children this great and free government, which we have enjoyed all our lives.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我们应该为我们的子孙后代延续这个我们一生都享有的伟大而自由的政府，这不仅是为了今天，而且为了将来的任何时候。
I beg you to remember this, not merely for my sake but for yours.
我请求你记住这一点，不仅是为了我，也是为了你。
I happen temporarily to occupy this big White House.
我恰好暂时占据了这座大白宫。
I am a living witness that any one of your children may look to come here as my father's child has."
我是一个活生生的见证人，你的任何一个孩子都可能像我父亲的孩子一样来到这里。”
Narrator: But that August, it seemed unlikely that Thomas Lincoln's son would continue to occupy the White House for long.
旁白：但是那年八月，托马斯·林肯的儿子似乎不太可能继续长期占据白宫。
"I am going to be beaten," Lincoln told a friend, "and unless some great change takes place, badly beaten."
林肯对一位朋友说：“我会被打败，除非发生一些伟大的改变，否则我会被打败。”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Lincoln believes he is going to lose this election.
朗，历史学家：林肯相信他将输掉这次选举。
And if Lincoln loses that election, the South wins its independence, I think the future of the Nation was at stake.
如果林肯输掉那次选举，南方赢得独立，我认为国家的未来就岌岌可危了。
This was the most important election in American history.
这是美国历史上最重要的选举。
Narrator: After more than three years of bloodshed the great issues of slavery and secession still hung in the balance.
旁白：经过三年多的流血，奴隶制和分裂国家的重大问题仍然悬而未决。
Narrator: Late one August evening in 1864, Abraham Lincoln was riding from the White House to the Soldiers Home where he and Mary were spending their third summer.
旁白：1864 年 8 月的一个傍晚，亚伯拉罕·林肯 (Abraham Lincoln) 从白宫骑马前往士兵之家，他和玛丽在那里度过了他们的第三个夏天。
Lincoln was still convinced he was going to be defeated in the presidential election, now just weeks away.
林肯仍然坚信他将在距离总统选举只有几周的时间里被击败。
Someone had fired a shot, Lincoln told his wife, but it must have been an accident -- maybe some hunter emptying his gun before going home.
林肯告诉他的妻子，有人开了一枪，但这一定是一场意外——也许是某个猎人在回家之前把枪打空了。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "Mr. Lincoln's life is always exposed.
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“先生。林肯的生活总是暴露无遗。
No one knows what it is to live in constant dread of some fearful tragedy.
没有人知道生活在对可怕悲剧的持续恐惧中是什么感觉。
The President has been warned so often, that I tremble for him I have a presentiment that he will meet with a sudden and violent end."
总统经常被警告，我为他颤抖，我有预感，他将遭遇突然而暴力的结局。”
Narrator: In spite of the war, the presidential campaign of 1864 went ahead with all the usual excitement.
旁白：尽管发生了战争，1864 年的总统竞选还是一如既往地令人兴奋。
Mark E.
马克·E。
Neely Jr., Historian: It's a full-blown American political campaign complete with barbecues, fireworks, parades.
小尼利，历史学家：这是一场全面的美国政治竞选活动，包括烧烤、烟花和游行。
It looked almost like the nation hadn't fallen apart.
看起来这个国家几乎没有分崩离析。
Narrator: With the survival of the nation still in the balance, Lincoln's faith in democracy remained unshaken.
旁白：在国家存亡仍悬而未决的情况下，林肯对民主的信念依然没有动摇。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "It's the people's business -- the election is in their hands.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“这是人民的事——选举掌握在他们手中。
If they turn their backs to the fire and get scorched in the rear, they'll find they've got to sit on the blisters."
如果他们背对着火，后背被烧焦，他们就会发现自己必须坐在水泡上。”
Narrator: Lincoln believed that the people would vote against him unless his army began to win clear-cut victories.
旁白：林肯相信，除非他的军队开始赢得明显的胜利，否则人民会投票反对他。
Then on September 2, 1864, he got a message from William Tecumseh Sherman.
1864 年 9 月 2 日，他收到了威廉·特库姆塞·谢尔曼 (William Tecumseh Sherman) 发来的消息。
It would turn the election around.
这将扭转选举结果。
"Atlanta is ours and fairly won," it said.
声明称：“亚特兰大是我们的，我们赢得了公平的胜利。”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Everybody sees the fall of Atlanta as signaling that the Confederacy is dying.
朗，历史学家：每个人都认为亚特兰大的陷落标志着南部邦联正在消亡。
People can see that the war is winding down, and if they will simply stay the course a little bit longer, that victory will be had.
人们可以看到战争正在逐渐结束，只要他们再坚持一会儿，胜利就会到来。
Narrator: Election Day -- November 8.
旁白：选举日——11 月 8 日。
That evening while Mary Lincoln waited nervously inside the White House, Lincoln and his secretaries splashed across to the War Department to follow the returns.
那天晚上，当玛丽·林肯在白宫里紧张地等待时，林肯和他的秘书们飞快地前往陆军部跟踪申报结果。
The first results gave Lincoln Philadelphia and Baltimore.
第一个结果是林肯·费城和巴尔的摩。
Lincoln asked that the encouraging news be sent over to Mrs. Lincoln.
林肯要求将这个令人鼓舞的消息转达给林肯夫人。
"She," he said, "is more anxious than I."
“她，”他说，“比我还焦虑。”
As more and more good news rattled in, Lincoln and a few friends settled into a quiet, celebratory supper.
随着越来越多的好消息传来，林肯和几个朋友安静地享用了一顿庆祝晚餐。
"The President," his secretary remembered, "went awkwardly and hospitably to work, shoveling out the fried oysters."
“总统，”他的秘书回忆道，“笨拙而热情地去上班，铲出炸牡蛎。”
Lincoln carried every state but three and won a popular majority of nearly half a million votes.
林肯赢得了除三个州之外的所有州，并赢得了近 50 万张选票的多数票。
Four years earlier, Lincoln had been little known and often laughed at.
四年前，林肯还鲜为人知，经常被嘲笑。
Now, with a clear mandate to fight on to victory, he resolved to fight another battle as well.
现在，有了争取胜利的明确使命，他决定再打一场仗。
The Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those slaves living in rebel territory.
《解放奴隶宣言》只解放了那些生活在叛军领土上的奴隶。
Lincoln wanted an amendment to the Constitution banning slavery forever from every part of the United States.
林肯希望修改宪法，永久禁止美国各地实行奴隶制。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "If Negroes stake their lives for us, they must be prompted by the strongest motive -- even the promise of freedom.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“如果黑人为我们赌上自己的生命，他们一定受到最强烈的动机的推动——甚至是自由的承诺。
There have been men who have proposed to me to return to slavery the black warriors of Port Hudson.
有人向我提议让哈德逊港的黑人战士重返奴隶制。
I should be dammed in time and eternity for so doing.
我应该因为这样做而受到时间和永恒的诅咒。
The world shall know that I will keep my faith to friends and enemies, come what will."
全世界都会知道，无论发生什么，我都会对朋友和敌人保持忠诚。”
Narrator: Lincoln was determined that Congress pass the amendment before Inauguration Day as a symbol of National Unity.
旁白：林肯决心让国会在就职日之前通过修正案，作为民族团结的象征。
He was certain of victory in the Senate, but first he needed a two-thirds majority in the House of Representatives.
他确信自己会在参议院获胜，但首先他需要在众议院获得三分之二多数。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Lincoln puts all the powers of his office and of his recent re-election behind this amendment.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德（David Herbert Donald），传记作者：林肯将他的办公室和他最近连任的所有权力都放在了这项修正案的后面。
He called Congressmen into the White House, and then he began arm-twisting.
他把国会议员叫进白宫，然后开始施加压力。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: Probably promising some kind of Federal Patronage position, Postmastership, Customs Office.
长，历史学家：可能承诺某种联邦赞助职位，邮政局长，海关办公室。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: Basically what he did was to work the Congressmen one by one by one until he got enough of a majority, and then he persuaded even some Democrats to say, "Look, this is going to be done next year if not this.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作家：基本上，他所做的就是一一地与国会议员合作，直到他获得足够的多数席位，然后他甚至说服一些民主党人说，“看，即使不是这个，明年也会这样做。
Let's get on with it."
让我们继续吧。”
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: By three votes, the two-thirds majority is achieved.
历史学家朗：通过三票，获得三分之二多数。
And the House chamber just breaks into a wild celebration.
众议院议事厅突然爆发出一场疯狂的庆祝活动。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: Congressmen got up and cheered.
历史学家麦克弗森：国会议员们起立欢呼。
The Galleries cheered with, by the way, blacks in the Congressional galleries for the first time.
顺便说一句，画廊第一次在国会画廊里与黑人一起欢呼。
It was one of the greatest occasions in the history of Congress, and the House, in honor of what they called "this great historic occasion," voted to take the rest of the day off.
这是国会历史上最伟大的时刻之一，众议院为了纪念他们所说的“这一伟大的历史时刻”，投票决定在当天剩下的时间里休息。
Narrator: The 13th Amendment pronounced a death sentence for slavery.
旁白：第十三修正案对奴隶制判处死刑。
Ratification by three quarters of the States seemed assured.
四分之三的国家似乎已经批准了该法案。
The President was so pleased he insisted on signing the resolution -- even though his signature was not legally required.
总统非常高兴，他坚持签署该决议——尽管法律并不要求他签字。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "The great job is ended.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“伟大的工作结束了。
I...
我...
congratulate myself, the country, and the whole world upon this great moral victory."
祝贺我自己、国家和全世界取得这一伟大的道德胜利。”
Margaret Washington, Historian: For all of the hedging that he did about the Emancipation Proclamation, about black troops, it's ultimately Lincoln's skill and Lincoln's commitment that leads to the 13th Amendment.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：尽管他对《解放奴隶宣言》、对黑人军队所做的所有对冲，但最终是林肯的技巧和林肯的承诺导致了第十三修正案。
Narrator: That night, a White House servant remembered, the President slept as he had not slept in months.
旁白：那天晚上，一位白宫仆人回忆道，总统睡得好几个月了。
With the fall of Atlanta, the nature of the war changed.
随着亚特兰大的陷落，战争的性质发生了变化。
Sherman began burning homes and destroying crops as he marched through Georgia toward Savannah and the sea.
谢尔曼在穿过佐治亚州向萨凡纳和大海进军时开始焚烧房屋并毁坏农作物。
Donald L.
唐纳德·L。
Miller, Historian: It became a very different kind of war.
历史学家米勒：这变成了一场非常不同的战争。
War against civilians and not just soldiers.
战争针对的是平民，而不仅仅是士兵。
War waged on Southern farms, take from them what they have and feed your own troops with it, but what you can't take, burn and destroy.
战争在南方农场发动，夺走他们拥有的东西并用它来喂养自己的军队，但你不能夺走的东西，烧毁并摧毁。
Lincoln comes to the view that this is the only way the South can be conquered.
林肯认为这是征服南方的唯一途径。
He saw very clearly that we can't conquer the minds of these people.
他看得很清楚，我们无法征服这些人的思想。
And the only thing we can do is make war so terrible, that they'll eventually give up.
我们唯一能做的就是让战争变得如此可怕，以至于他们最终会放弃。
Narrator: While Sherman cut a path through Georgia, General Phillip Sheridan stormed through Virginia's fertile Shenandoah Valley, plundering farms, torching barns, tearing up rail lines.
旁白：当谢尔曼在佐治亚州开辟一条道路时，菲利普·谢里丹将军则冲进了弗吉尼亚州肥沃的谢南多厄山谷，掠夺农场，烧毁谷仓，撕毁铁路线。
At the same time, Northern troops began to come upon Union prisoners of war, many in desperate condition because the rebels had run out of food to feed them.
与此同时，北方军队开始袭击联邦战俘，许多人处于绝望的境地，因为叛军已经没有食物来喂养他们了。
Lincoln himself carried a photograph of one of them, ready to show it to anyone who objected to the harsh treatment his commanders were now meeting out to the South.
林肯本人随身携带了其中一张照片，准备向任何反对他的指挥官现在前往南方会面的严厉待遇的人展示。
As the suffering continued, Lincoln read and re-read the tragedies of Shakespeare and turned to the Bible.
随着苦难的继续，林肯读了又读莎士比亚的悲剧，并转向圣经。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He had a Bible on his desk at all times.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他的桌子上一直放着一本《圣经》。
He knew it almost by heart, and during these terrible months, he read the Bible more carefully, more frequently than ever.
他几乎熟记在心，在这可怕的几个月里，他比以往任何时候都更仔细、更频繁地阅读圣经。
Margaret Washington, Historian: On one occasion Elizabeth Keckley saw him reading the Bible.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：有一次，伊丽莎白·凯克利看到他在读《圣经》。
And she found an excuse to go behind the sofa and to see what he was reading, and he was reading Job.
她找了个借口走到沙发后面看看他在读什么，他正在读《约伯记》。
Narrator: Inauguration Day, March 4, 1865.
旁白：1865 年 3 月 4 日就职日。
All the bloodshed, all the agony -- Lincoln turned them over and over in his mind.
所有的流血，所有的痛苦——林肯在脑海中一遍又一遍地翻来覆去。
At Gettysburg he had given the fighting a higher purpose.
在葛底斯堡，他赋予了战斗更高的目标。
Now, in his Second Inaugural Address, he would try to find an explanation for the last four years of pain and suffering.
现在，在他的第二次就职演说中，他将试图为过去四年的痛苦和苦难找到解释。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address, was personally meaningful for him because it matters to him to explain things -- it matters to find the right words.
历史学家斯特罗泽：林肯的第二次就职演说对他个人来说很有意义，因为对他来说解释事情很重要——找到正确的词语很重要。
But it also mattered for the country, this is why we had a war.
但这对国家也很重要，这就是我们爆发战争的原因。
As Lincoln began to speak, the sun broke through the clouds.
当林肯开始讲话时，阳光冲破了云层。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Four years ago, all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“四年前，所有的想法都焦灼地指向即将到来的内战。
All dreaded it -- all sought to avert it.
所有人都害怕它——所有人都试图避免它。
And the war came."
战争来了。”
Narrator: Victory seemed close now, and he might have been expected to exult.
旁白：胜利似乎已经临近了，他可能会欣喜若狂。
Instead, he questioned:
相反，他质疑：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Both sides read the same Bible, and pray to the same God; and each invokes His aid against the other.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“双方都读同一本《圣经》，向同一个上帝祈祷；双方都祈求上帝的帮助来对抗对方。
It may seem strange that any men should dare ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces; but let us judge not that we be not judged.
任何人都敢请求公正的上帝帮助从别人脸上的汗水中榨取面包，这似乎很奇怪。但让我们不要评判我们，因为我们不会被评判。
The prayers of both could not be answered; that of neither has been answered fully.
两人的祈祷都没有得到回应。两者的问题都没有得到充分答复。
The Almighty has His own purposes."
全能者有他自己的目的。”
Margaret Washington, Historian: Lincoln felt that God had given both the North and the South this bloody retribution for the sins of the Nation.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：林肯认为上帝对北方和南方国家的罪恶给予了血腥的惩罚。
The sin of the Nation was 250 years of enslavement of African Americans.
美国的罪孽是对非裔美国人长达 250 年的奴役。
And God was punishing them for this.
上帝正在为此惩罚他们。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Fondly do we hope -- fervently do we pray -- that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我们热切地希望——我们热切地祈祷——这场巨大的战争祸害能够迅速消失。
Yet, if God wills that it continue, until all the wealth piled by the bond-man's 250 years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash, shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said 3,000 years ago, so still it must be said 'the judgments of the Lord, are true and righteous altogether.'"
然而，如果上帝愿意它继续下去，直到奴隶250年无回报的辛劳所积累的所有财富都被沉没，直到用鞭子抽出的每一滴血，都将由用剑抽出的每一滴血偿还，正如3000年前所说，那么我们仍然必须说，“主的审判是真实而公义的。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It is the Old Testament of a just and righteous God who wreaks on his enemies what they deserve.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德（David Herbert Donald），传记作者：这是一部公正而公义的上帝的《旧约》，他对敌人施以他们应得的惩罚。
And this, in some sense, Lincoln found very consoling.
从某种意义上说，这让林肯感到非常安慰。
"If this is what God wills, it is not just what I, Abraham Lincoln, willed.
“如果这是上帝的意愿，那么这不仅仅是我亚伯拉罕·林肯的意愿。
I am carrying out His wishes in seeing that this war is prosecuted to a very bitter end."
我正在实现他的愿望，让这场战争得到一个非常痛苦的结局。”
Margaret Washington, Historian: You always got the sense with Lincoln that he was wrestling with his own guilt -- that he was wrestling with death.
玛格丽特·华盛顿，历史学家：你总能感觉到林肯正在与自己的罪恶感作斗争——他正在与死亡作斗争。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: The death, the destruction, the apocalyptic nature of this war, is incomprehensible.
朗，历史学家：这场战争的死亡、破坏和世界末日性质是难以理解的。
He has to turn this over to God.
他必须把这件事交给上帝。
When God wills that it ends, it will end and not until then.
当上帝希望它结束时，它就会结束，而且不会在那之前结束。
The Second Inaugural Address is a spiritual thing, but it is also a call for unity.
第二次就职演说是精神上的事情，但也是团结的号召。
"We are almost there.
“我们快到了。
We are almost there.
我们快到了。
You know, God has brought us this far.
你知道，上帝已经把我们带到了这一步。
Stay the course and when we're done, let us not exact recriminations on one another."
坚持到底，当我们完成后，让我们不要互相指责。”
Narrator: The Union remained sacred to Lincoln.
旁白：联邦对林肯来说仍然是神圣的。
He wanted once again to make it whole -- to bring the South back.
他想再次完整地恢复南方。
But he knew it would not be easy.
但他知道这并不容易。
Four years of bloody war had left many Northerners raw with anger, bitter and vengeful.
四年的血腥战争让许多北方人感到愤怒、痛苦和报复。
Even his own wife spoke privately of revenge.
就连他自己的妻子也私下里谈到了复仇。
Mary Lincoln could not forgive the South for starting a war that had fractured the Union, turned her own brothers into her enemies, and threatened to overwhelm her husband.
玛丽·林肯无法原谅南方发动了一场导致联邦分裂、将她自己的兄弟变成她的敌人、并威胁要压垮她丈夫的战争。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: Mary wants to somehow make up for all that she has lost.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：玛丽想以某种方式弥补她所失去的一切。
And the only way to do that is to punish the South.
而做到这一点的唯一方法就是惩罚南方。
She can't see what Lincoln has come to.
她看不出林肯现在变成了什么样子。
She's taken a different path during the war than he has, and they both come out, sadly, in very different places.
她在战争期间走了一条与他不同的道路，可悲的是，他们都出现在截然不同的地方。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan -- to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations."
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“对任何人不怀恶意；对所有人仁慈；坚定正义，因为上帝让我们看到正义，让我们努力完成我们正在从事的工作；包扎国家的伤口；照顾将要参加战斗的人，以及他的遗孀和孤儿——尽一切努力实现和珍惜我们之间以及与所有国家之间的公正、持久的和平。”
Narrator: As Lincoln finished his speech, he looked out over the enormous crowd.
旁白：林肯结束演讲后，他眺望着巨大的人群。
Standing alongside whites were African Americans, who had by now come to see the President as something like a savior.
与白人站在一起的是非裔美国人，他们现在已经将总统视为救世主。
John Hope Franklin, Historian: Lincoln must have been touched as he looked out to see the large number of blacks watching, listening, honoring him.
历史学家约翰·霍普·富兰克林：当林肯向外望去，看到大批黑人在观看、聆听、向他致敬时，他一定很感动。
Those were his constituents, you see, just as others were there as his constituents.
你看，这些都是他的选民，就像其他人也是他的选民一样。
And I think that by this time, having gone through what he went through, I'm not certain at all that he was making a great distinction between this group of constituents and the other.
我认为，到了这个时候，在经历了他所经历的事情之后，我完全不确定他是否在这组选民和另一组选民之间做出了很大的区分。
Narrator: That evening, at the Inaugural Reception, police tried to bar the way of a black man who insisted on being admitted.
旁白：那天晚上，在就职招待会上，警察试图拦住一名坚持入场的黑人。
Lincoln told them to let the man pass.
林肯告诉他们让那个人过去。
Frederick Douglass was the first African-American ever to attend an Inaugural Reception, and the President greeted him warmly.
弗雷德里克·道格拉斯是第一位参加就职招待会的非裔美国人，总统热情地迎接了他。
What had he thought of the speech?
他对这次演讲有什么看法？
"Mr. Lincoln," Douglass replied.
“林肯先生，”道格拉斯回答道。
"That was a sacred effort."
“这是一项神圣的努力。”
On March 23, the Lincolns boarded the River Queen at Washington and set out for Grant's headquarters at City Point, Virginia -- just 20 miles from the Confederate capital.
3 月 23 日，林肯夫妇在华盛顿登上皇后河号，前往位于弗吉尼亚州城角的格兰特总部——距离南部邦联首都仅 20 英里。
The President was worn out, but he wanted to visit the army that now seemed so close to victory.
总统已经筋疲力尽，但他想参观现在看来已经接近胜利的军队。
Mary insisted on going too.
玛丽也坚持要去。
She needed to be near him.
她需要靠近他。
She lived in fear, she wrote a friend, that "the deep waters through which we have passed will overwhelm me."
她给一位朋友写信说，她生活在恐惧之中，“我们所经历的深水将淹没我。”
Three days later, Mary and Mrs. Grant were scheduled to join their husbands at a Grand Review of the Union army.
三天后，玛丽和格兰特夫人按计划与丈夫一起参加联邦军队的大检阅。
As their carriage bumped slowly along deeply rutted roads, jolting the two women, Mary grew more and more agitated.
当他们的马车沿着深深的车辙行驶时，两个女人摇摇欲坠，玛丽变得越来越焦躁。
Her pent-up anxieties and closely guarded fears were about to explode for all the world to see.
她压抑已久的焦虑和严密防范的恐惧即将爆发，让全世界都看到。
By the time Mary reached the parade ground, her husband was already riding down the line of troops.
当玛丽到达阅兵场时，她的丈夫已经骑马沿着部队行进。
Mrs. Edward Ord, the Commanding General's wife was at his side -- in Mary's place.
总司令的妻子爱德华·奥德夫人站在他的身边——代替玛丽。
Mary erupted in fury, loudly accusing the innocent woman of flirting with her husband.
玛丽勃然大怒，大声指责这个无辜的女人与她的丈夫调情。
Mrs. Ord burst into tears.
奥德夫人泪流满面。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: There was not the slightest hint that the President was flirting with Mrs. Ord.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温，历史学家：没有丝毫迹象表明总统正在与奥德夫人调情。
It is true however that Mary worried about flirtations, even when they didn't exist.
然而，玛丽确实担心调情，即使它们并不存在。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Mary was an incorrigible flirt and I think she projected her own tendencies, which were just to make her feel better, make her feel younger, perfectly innocent, but she projected those fantasies in dead seriousness onto other women.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：玛丽是一个无可救药的调情者，我认为她投射了自己的倾向，这只是为了让她感觉更好，让她感觉更年轻，完全天真，但她把这些幻想极其严肃地投射到其他女人身上。
Narrator: Then Mary shouted at the President himself, demanding that he remove the woman's husband from his command.
旁白：然后玛丽对总统本人大喊大叫，要求他解除该妇女丈夫的职务。
Mrs. Grant tried to restrain her, but Mary was out of control.
格兰特夫人试图阻止她，但玛丽失去了控制。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: It was the first really open public display of their differences that they had ever permitted themselves since he became President.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：这是自他就任总统以来他们第一次真正公开地公开展示他们的分歧。
Narrator: At dinner on board the steamer that evening, Mary resumed her tirade.
旁白：那天晚上在轮船上吃晚饭时，玛丽继续她的长篇大论。
Embarrassed guests tried not to look.
尴尬的客人尽量不去看。
"Lincoln bore it," one remembered, "as Christ might have done, with an expression of pain and sadness that cut one to the heart, but with supreme calmness and dignity.
“林肯承受了这一切，”有人回忆道，“就像基督可能所做的那样，他的表情痛苦和悲伤，让人心痛不已，但又带着极度的平静和尊严。
He called her 'Mother,' with his old-time plainness...
他用他往日的朴素称呼她“母亲”……
'til she turned on him like a tigress; and then he walked away, hiding that noble, ugly face that we might not catch the full expression of his misery."
直到她像母老虎一样转向他；然后他走开了，隐藏着那张高贵而丑陋的脸，这样我们就看不到他痛苦的全部表情。”
The Lincolns stayed on at City Point while the President conferred with his commanders.
当总统与他的指挥官们商议时，林肯夫妇留在了城点。
He ordered Grant and Sherman not to let the rebels get away this time.
他命令格兰特和谢尔曼这次不要让叛军逃脱。
But he also urged them to offer the most generous terms of surrender:
但他也敦促他们提出最慷慨的投降条件：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Let them all go, officers and all, I want submission and no more bloodshed....
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“让他们全部走吧，军官和所有人，我想要屈服，不再流血......
I want no one punished....
我不想让任何人受到惩罚......
We want those people to return to their allegiance to the Union."
我们希望这些人重新忠于联邦。”
Narrator: After her humiliating outburst, Mary Lincoln did not leave her cabin for three days.
旁白：在羞辱性的爆发之后，玛丽·林肯三天没有离开她的小屋。
The President explained she wasn't feeling well, then he sent her home to Washington.
总统解释说她感觉不舒服，然后将她送回华盛顿的家。
She later claimed her husband had had a dream that the White House had burned down and had asked her to go and see if it were true.
她后来声称，她的丈夫做了一个梦，梦见白宫被烧毁，并让她去看看是不是真的。
Lincoln remained behind.
林肯留在后面。
He did not want to miss the all-out attack on Petersburg that was about to begin.
他不想错过即将开始的对彼得堡的全面进攻。
He hoped it would be the final battle of the war.
他希望这将是战争的最后一战。
On April 2, at 4:20 in the morning, while Lincoln watched and listened from City Point, Grant hurled his army against the Confederate trenches.
4 月 2 日凌晨 4 点 20 分，当林肯在城角观看和聆听时，格兰特率领他的军队冲向南方邦联的战壕。
The rebel lines broke.
叛军的防线被打破了。
Among the dead left behind were boys as young as 14.
留下的死者中有年仅 14 岁的男孩。
Richmond now lay undefended, and Union troops marched into the city.
里士满现在处于不设防的状态，联邦军队开进了这座城市。
Lee headed west with what was left of his army, but this time, the Federals were right behind him.
李率领残部向西进发，但这一次，联邦军紧随其后。
The next day, Lincoln was in high spirits as he and his son Tad headed up the James River to Richmond.
第二天，林肯兴高采烈地和儿子泰德沿着詹姆斯河前往里士满。
He could not resist having a look at what had once been the capital of the Confederacy.
他忍不住要看看曾经是联邦首都的地方。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It's a kind of a funny expedition.
传记作者大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德：这是一次有趣的探险。
They start on a real ship, and then it has to be diverted.
他们从一艘真正的船上开始，然后它必须改道。
So then they put him on a tugboat and that pulls him a little further, and something happens to it, and so they put him on a little row boat and row him into Richmond.
然后他们把他放在一艘拖船上，这把他拉得更远了，然后发生了一些事情，所以他们把他放在一艘小船上，把他划到里士满。
He tells a friend that "I'm reminded of a story from my patronage days of the man who came to me and said, 'I want to be Secretary of State,' and I said, 'I'm sorry.
他告诉一位朋友，“我想起了我赞助时代的一个故事，有一个人来找我说，‘我想成为国务卿’，我说，‘对不起。
That job's already taken.' 'Well,' he said, 'you could make me Ambassador to England.' 'No. That job's already taken.' 'Well,' said, 'you could make me Consul to France.' 'No. That job's already taken.' 'Well,' said the man, 'you could at least give me a pair of old used trousers.' "It pays to be humble," said Lincoln in his rowboat as he arrives in Richmond.
那份工作已经有人了。 “好吧，”他说，“你可以任命我为驻英国大使。” '不。那份工作已经有人了。 “好吧，”他说，“你可以让我担任驻法国领事。” '不。那份工作已经有人了。 “好吧，”那人说，“你至少可以给我一条旧裤子。” “谦虚是值得的，”林肯抵达里士满时在划艇上说道。
Narrator: Much of the Confederate capital lay in ruins, destroyed by retreating rebels and looted by hungry mobs.
旁白：南部邦联首都的大部分地区已成为废墟，被撤退的叛军摧毁，并被饥饿的暴徒洗劫。
As Lincoln made his way through the smoky streets, hundreds of former slaves surrounded him.
当林肯穿过烟雾缭绕的街道时，数百名前奴隶包围了他。
Some knelt at his feet.
有些人跪在他脚边。
Lincoln was embarrassed.
林肯很尴尬。
"Don't kneel to me," he said.
“别向我跪下，”他说。
"You must kneel to God only and thank Him for your liberty."
“你必须只向上帝下跪，并感谢他给你的自由。”
While Tad waited outside, Lincoln entered the abandoned official residence of Jefferson Davis.
当泰德在外面等待时，林肯进入了杰斐逊·戴维斯废弃的官邸。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: For a time he sits in Jefferson Davis' chair.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：有一段时间他坐在杰斐逊·戴维斯的椅子上。
And he sees finally total victory within his command.
他终于看到了自己指挥下的全面胜利。
This was the triumphanal scene of his life.
这是他一生中胜利的景象。
Narrator: Five days later, on the evening of April 9, his Secretary of War brought him the telegram he had been waiting for.
旁白：五天后，4月9日晚上，他的战争部长给他带来了他一直在等待的电报。
"General Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia this morning," it read.
“李将军今天早上投降了北弗吉尼亚军队，”上面写道。
Four years of civil war had ended.
四年的内战结束了。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "The crowds around the house have been immense; in the midst of the bands playing, they break forth into singing.
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“房子周围的人群非常多；在乐队演奏的过程中，他们开始唱歌。
If the close of that terrible war has left some of our hearthstones very, very desolate, God, has been as ever kind and merciful in the midst of our heavy afflictions."
如果那场可怕的战争的结束让我们的一些炉石变得非常非常荒凉，那么上帝在我们沉重的苦难中一如既往地仁慈和仁慈。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It's a day of tremendous rejoicing, there are barn fires, there are fireworks, there are rallies, there are songs, and people crowd up to the White House and they want to congratulate the President.
传记作者大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德：这是一个非常欢乐的日子，有谷仓着火，有烟花，有集会，有歌曲，人们涌向白宫，他们想要祝贺总统。
A mighty cheer went up when Lincoln appeared.
当林肯出现时，全场爆发出热烈的欢呼声。
Surprising everyone, he called upon the marine band to play the unofficial anthem of the Confederacy while Tad frantically waved a captured rebel flag from an upstairs window.
令所有人惊讶的是，他号召海军陆战队乐队演奏非官方的南部邦联国歌，而泰德则从楼上的窗户疯狂地挥舞着缴获的叛军旗帜。
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "I have always thought 'Dixie' one of the best tunes I have ever heard.
林肯之声（大卫·莫尔斯）：“我一直认为《迪克西》是我听过的最好的歌曲之一。
Our adversaries over the way attempted to appropriate it.
我们的对手试图侵占它。
I presented the question to the Attorney General, and he gave it, as his legal opinion, that it is our lawful prize."
我向司法部长提出了这个问题，他给出了这个问题，作为他的法律意见，这是我们的合法奖品。”
Narrator: The next evening, a happy crowd gathered on the White House grounds.
旁白：第二天晚上，一群快乐的人群聚集在白宫场地上。
With Mary watching from a nearby window, Lincoln stepped forward to speak.
在玛丽从附近的窗户观看的情况下，林肯上前讲话。
Illuminated by a single flickering candle, his face was pale, Elizabeth Keckley recalled, but his "soul was flashing through his eyes." As Tad knelt out of sight at his father's feet to catch each page of the speech, Lincoln began to read:
伊丽莎白·凯克利回忆道，在一根闪烁的蜡烛的照射下，他的脸色苍白，但“灵魂在他的眼睛里闪烁”。当泰德跪在父亲脚边看不到演讲稿的每一页时，林肯开始朗读：
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "Reuniting our country is fraught with great difficulty.
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“重新统一我们的国家充满了巨大的困难。
Unlike the case of a war between independent nations, there is no authorized organized organ for us to treat with.
与独立国家之间的战争不同，我们没有授权的组织机构可以处理。
No one man has authority to give up the rebellion for any other man...
没有人有权为其他人放弃反抗……
and we, the loyal people, differ among ourselves as to the mode, manner, and means of reconstruction."
而我们这些忠诚的人民，在重建的方式、方式和手段上各有不同。”
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: It's not what the crowd wanted.
传记作者大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德：这不是大众想要的。
They wanted a celebration of how great we are, what wonderful things had happened, how everything was going to be happy from now on out.
他们想要庆祝我们是多么伟大，发生了多么美好的事情，从现在开始一切都会幸福。
Instead, Lincoln gives them a carefully reasoned speech about reconstruction, of "How we're going to rebuild this Union."
相反，林肯向他们发表了一场关于重建、“我们将如何重建这个联邦”的经过深思熟虑的演讲。
Narrator: With the North deeply divided as to how to reunite the country and how the former slaves were to be treated, Lincoln wanted to steer a cautious course.
旁白：由于北方在如何统一国家以及如何对待前奴隶问题上存在严重分歧，林肯希望采取谨慎的方针。
James M.
詹姆斯·M。
McPherson, Historian: He practices the art of the possible.
历史学家麦克弗森：他实践着可能性的艺术。
Just as he had moved step by step on emancipation, that's what he was doing, I think, on reconstruction and on the question that became central to reconstruction -- what was then called Negro Suffrage.
我认为，正如他一步步走向解放一样，他在重建以及成为重建核心的问题上所做的事情——当时被称为黑人选举权。
Narrator: Lincoln told the crowd that he favored giving the vote to some freedmen -- "the very intelligent," he said, "and those who serve our cause as soldiers." No other President had ever dared suggest that any African Americans be allowed to vote.
旁白：林肯告诉人群，他赞成将投票权授予一些自由民——“非常聪明的人，”他说，“以及那些作为士兵为我们的事业服务的人。”没有其他总统敢于建议允许任何非裔美国人投票。
David Herbert Donald, Biographer: He thought that blacks would become a kind of comfortable farming class in the South that could get along in a reconstruction southern society.
大卫·赫伯特·唐纳德，传记作者：他认为黑人将成为南方一种舒适的农业阶级，可以在重建的南方社会中相处。
Their future would depend on themselves and their own exertions.
他们的未来取决于他们自己和他们自己的努力。
And you have to remember that he thought, "After all, I, Abraham Lincoln, have been a self-made man.
你必须记住，他想：“毕竟，我，亚伯拉罕·林肯，是一个白手起家的人。
These blacks can become self-made men, too."
这些黑人也可以成为白手起家的人。”
Narrator: Listening in the crowd that evening was a young Confederate sympathizer who believed fervently that America "was formed for the white, not for the black man."
旁白：那天晚上，一位年轻的南部邦联同情者在人群中聆听，他热切地相信美国“是为白人而建，而不是为黑人而建”。
"Lincoln's talking 'nigger citizenship'," he muttered to a companion.
“林肯在谈论‘黑鬼公民身份’，”他对一位同伴嘀咕道。
"That is the last speech he will ever make." John Wilkes Booth was a well-known actor.
“这是他最后一次演讲。”约翰·威尔克斯·布斯是一位著名演员。
Lincoln had admired his performance in Shakespeare's Richard III and once said he would like to meet him.
林肯很欣赏他在莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》中的表演，并曾表示想与他见面。
Two nights later, Lincoln had a dream.
两天后的晚上，林肯做了一个梦。
He seemed, he said later, "to be in some singular, indescribable vessel...
他后来说，他似乎“处于某种奇异的、难以形容的容器中......
moving with great rapidity towards an indefinite shore." It was a familiar dream -- he had had it before the great victories at Antietam and Gettysburg.
以极快的速度驶向无限的彼岸。”这是一个熟悉的梦想——他在安提坦和葛底斯堡取得伟大胜利之前就有过这个梦想。
"Always," he said, "it meant good news."
“总是，”他说，“这意味着好消息。”
The next afternoon, April 14, was Good Friday, and Mary and Abraham Lincoln went for a carriage ride.
第二天下午，4 月 14 日，是耶稣受难日，玛丽和亚伯拉罕·林肯去乘坐马车。
The war was over.
战争结束了。
At last, the weary couple could relax, and rejoice.
疲惫的夫妇终于可以放松下来，欢欣鼓舞了。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: They sat and talked about the future and Lincoln said, "Between the loss of our darling Willy and the war, we have both been very miserable.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：他们坐下来谈论未来，林肯说：“在失去我们亲爱的威利和战争之间，我们都非常痛苦。
We have to be more cheerful." And all of the misery was going to go away and they would be happy again.
我们必须更加开朗。”所有的痛苦都会消失，他们会再次快乐。
Narrator: "Dear husband," Mary told him, "you almost startle me by your great cheerfulness."
旁白：“亲爱的丈夫，”玛丽告诉他，“你的快乐几乎让我吃惊。”
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: And she felt wonderful after this carriage ride and that happiness, that pleasure that all the horror was over was with them the night they went to the theater.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：在这次马车之旅之后，她感觉棒极了，在他们去剧院的那天晚上，所有的恐怖都结束了，那种幸福和快乐就伴随着他们。
Narrator: That evening, the Lincolns attended Ford's Theater with a young major named Henry Rathbone and his fiancée, Clara Harris.
旁白：那天晚上，林肯一家与一位名叫亨利·拉斯伯恩的年轻少校和他的未婚妻克拉拉·哈里斯一起参观了福特剧院。
The play was a knock-about farce called "Our American Cousin."
这部剧是一部闹剧，名叫《我们的美国表弟》。
Actor (voice over): "Don't know the manners of good society, eh?
演员（画外音）：“不懂上流社会的礼仪，嗯？
Well I guess I know enough to turn you inside out, you sockdoligizing old-man-trap."
好吧，我想我知道的足以把你翻个底朝天了，你这个爱穿袜子的老男人陷阱。”
Narrator: The President seemed to enjoy it.
旁白：总统看起来很享受。
Mary nestled against her husband.
玛丽依偎在她的丈夫身边。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "What will Miss Harris think of my hanging on to you so?"
玛丽（霍利·亨特）配音：“哈里斯小姐如果我这么粘着你，会怎么想？”
Voice of Lincoln (David Morse): "She won't think anything about it."
林肯的声音（大卫·莫尔斯）：“她不会考虑任何事情。”
Narrator: As Lincoln fell forward Mary screamed.
旁白：当林肯向前倒下时，玛丽尖叫起来。
John Wilkes Booth had shot the President of the United States.
约翰·威尔克斯·布斯枪杀了美国总统。
The unconscious President was carried across Tenth Street into a rooming house.
昏迷不醒的总统被抬过第十街，走进一间出租屋。
Mary sat by his bedside, imploring him to answer her, to take her with him, not to leave her alone.
玛丽坐在他的床边，恳求他回答她，带她一起走，不要让她独自一人。
At 7:22 on the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln died.
1865年4月15日早上7点22分，亚伯拉罕·林肯去世。
Others would now have to try to bind up the nation's wounds.
其他人现在必须努力包扎国家的伤口。
Lincoln's body rested in the East Room, where the Lincolns had so often received their guests.
林肯的遗体安放在东厅，林肯家族经常在那里接待客人。
Mary remained upstairs in her bedroom, unable to see anyone, unable to attend her husband's funeral, inconsolable.
玛丽留在楼上她的卧室里，看不到任何人，也无法参加她丈夫的葬礼，伤心欲绝。
Elizabeth Keckley stayed with her, listening helplessly to what she called "the unearthly shrieks, the terrible convulsions."
伊丽莎白·凯克利留在她身边，无助地听着她所谓的“超凡的尖叫声，可怕的抽搐”。
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: She was in a daze.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作者：她当时很茫然。
She couldn't even speak.
她甚至无法说话。
She couldn't even communicate.
她甚至无法沟通。
There was no getting close to her grief.
她的悲痛无以言表。
Tad tried to comfort his mother, too, but her loud weeping frightened him.
泰德也试图安慰他的母亲，但她大声的哭泣把他吓坏了。
"Don't cry so Mama!" he begged her.
“妈妈别哭了！”他恳求她。
"Don't cry or you will make me cry!
“别哭，不然你会让我哭的！
You will break my heart."
你会伤我的心。”
On Wednesday, April 19, Lincoln's coffin was carried from the White House to the Capitol, past government buildings draped in black.
4 月 19 日星期三，林肯的灵柩从白宫运至国会大厦，经过覆盖着黑色的政府大楼。
It lay in state all night and all of the following day as long lines of citizens shuffled slowly by.
整个晚上和第二天一整天，它都处于状态，排着长队的公民缓慢地经过。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: I don't think there's ever been such an outpouring of emotion in American history.
朗，历史学家：我认为美国历史上从未有过如此强烈的情感流露。
Lincoln is shot within days after Lee's surrender.
李投降后几天内，林肯被枪杀。
Victory is had, and the man who represents everything that that victory symbolizes is struck down.
胜利已经到来，而代表胜利所象征的一切的人却被击倒了。
Narrator: On April 21, Lincoln's final journey began.
旁白：4月21日，林肯最后的旅程开始了。
The mourning went on for 16 more days as his coffin was slowly borne home to Springfield along the same tracks that had carried him to Washington.
哀悼又持续了 16 天，他的灵柩沿着他前往华盛顿的轨道缓缓运回斯普林菲尔德的家中。
Huge grieving crowds received the cortege in cities all across the country.
全国各地城市都有大量悲痛的人群迎接送行队伍。
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Historian: One senses that the country understands that when he dies their anchor has been taken away.
多丽丝·卡恩斯·古德温（Doris Kearns Goodwin），历史学家：人们感觉到这个国家明白，当他去世时，他们的锚就被夺走了。
And they realize that something very special has passed out of their lives.
他们意识到一些非常特别的事情已经从他们的生活中消失了。
And their reaction is extraordinary.
他们的反应非同寻常。
So intensely felt, so deeply expressed.
感受如此强烈，表达得如此深刻。
Milburn Howard Jr., Knob Creek Farm: He was just a simple man with simple parents.
小米尔本·霍华德 (Milburn Howard Jr.)，诺布溪农场 (Knob Creek Farm)：他只是一个简单的人，有简单的父母。
And he made it all the way to the President of the United States.
他一路晋升到了美国总统。
David E.
大卫·E。
Long, Historian: He freed three and a half million people who had been born into permanent bondage.
历史学家朗：他解放了三百五十万生来就受到永久奴役的人。
Judge Frank J.
法官弗兰克·J.
Williams, Chair, the Lincoln Forum: He had an abundance of patience an iron strength of will and tenacity.
威廉姆斯，林肯论坛主席：他有充沛的耐心、钢铁般的意志力和坚韧。
He was the great hero who saved the union.
他是拯救联邦的伟大英雄。
Narrator: A Brooklyn poet named Walt Whitman, who had often paused to watch as the President passed along the streets of Washington, captured the people's sorrow and his own:
旁白：一位名叫沃尔特·惠特曼的布鲁克林诗人，经常停下来观看总统走过华盛顿的街道，捕捉到了人们的悲伤和他自己的悲伤：
"When lilacs last in the dooryard bloom'd, And the great star early droop'd in the western sky in the night, I mourn'd, and yet shall mourn with ever-returning spring.
“当紫丁香最后在院子里盛开，当那颗伟大的星星在夜晚的西方天空中早早落下时，我哀悼，但将以永远回归的春天来哀悼。
Here, coffin that slowly passes, I give you my sprig of lilac."
在这里，缓缓经过的棺材，我给你我的丁香枝。”
On May 3 the funeral train arrived in Springfield.
5月3日，送葬列车抵达斯普林菲尔德。
The next day, at Oak Ridge Cemetery on the outskirts of town, Abraham Lincoln was laid to rest at last alongside his sons and Willy.
第二天，亚伯拉罕·林肯终于在镇郊的橡树岭公墓与他的儿子们和威利一起安息。
Mary Lincoln did not accompany her husband's funeral train to Springfield.
玛丽·林肯没有陪同她丈夫的葬礼火车前往斯普林菲尔德。
She was unable to leave her room.
她无法离开她的房间。
For over a month, she remained there.
她在那里呆了一个多月。
Then heavily veiled and dressed in black, she left the White House for the last time.
然后，她蒙着厚重的面纱，身穿黑衣，最后一次离开白宫。
"It was so unlike the day when the body of the President was borne from the hall in grand and solemn state," Elizabeth Keckley remembered.
伊丽莎白·凯克利回忆道：“这与总统遗体从大厅被抬出大厅的那一天截然不同。”
"Now, the wife of the President was leaving the White House, and there was scarcely a friend to tell her goodbye.
“现在，总统的妻子即将离开白宫，几乎没有一个朋友向她告别。
The silence was almost painful."
沉默几乎令人痛苦。”
That same day, the mighty Union army marched up Pennsylvania Avenue in celebration of its victory, while Mary Lincoln with her sons Robert and Tad boarded a train and headed for Illinois.
同一天，强大的联邦军队沿着宾夕法尼亚大道列队庆祝胜利，而玛丽·林肯和她的儿子罗伯特和泰德则登上火车前往伊利诺伊州。
Unable to face the memories that would have surrounded her in Springfield, she remained secluded in a Chicago hotel and gave herself over to grief.
由于无法面对斯普林菲尔德的记忆，她一直隐居在芝加哥的一家酒店里，沉浸在悲伤之中。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "Day by day, I miss my beloved husband more and more.
玛丽（霍利·亨特）配音：“日复一日，我越来越想念我深爱的丈夫。
How I am to pass through life without him who loved us so dearly, it is impossible for me to say....
如果没有那个深爱我们的人，我该如何度过这一生，我无法说……
I must patiently await the hour when God's love shall place me by his side again.
我必须耐心等待上帝的爱再次将我放在他身边的时刻。
For I have almost become blind with weeping."
因为我哭得几乎失明了。”
Linda Levitt Turner, Biographer: Her grief became her chief preoccupation.
琳达·莱维特·特纳，传记作家：她的悲伤成为她的主要关注点。
She reminded herself of it constantly.
她不断地提醒自己。
She would not let herself forget it.
她不会让自己忘记这一点。
She would not let her friends forget it.
她不会让她的朋友忘记这件事。
She couldn't believe what had happened to her.
她不敢相信发生在她身上的事。
Because, you must understand, that not only did she lose the man she truly loved, her great partner in life, but the man who had made her the First Lady of the land, the man who gave her status, the man who gave her importance, an identity.
因为，你必须明白，她不仅失去了她真正爱的男人，她生命中伟大的伴侣，而且还失去了那个让她成为这个国家第一夫人的男人，那个赋予她地位的男人，那个赋予她重要性和身份的男人。
Narrator: As Mary mourned, the life of the man she had loved was already becoming the stuff of myth and legend.
旁白：当玛丽哀悼时，她所爱的男人的生活已经成为神话和传说的素材。
No American President had ever been assassinated.
历史上还没有美国总统被暗杀。
And in a country in which 600,000 men had died in just four years, the death of this one man became transcendent.
在一个短短四年内就有 60 万人死亡的国家，这个人的死就变得意义非凡。
Lincoln was soon memorialized as a hero as great as George Washington himself.
林肯很快被视为与乔治·华盛顿本人一样伟大的英雄。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: Mary had to have basked in his reflective glory, and it had to have been part of what helped sustain her.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：玛丽一定沐浴在他反思的荣耀中，这一定是帮助她维持生计的一部分。
But her life after his death is an unremitting series of pain and suffering and tragedy.
但他死后她的生活是一系列持续不断的痛苦、磨难和悲剧。
Narrator: For six years, Tad Lincoln was his mother's constant companion and only source of comfort as Mary moved restlessly from rented room to rented room.
旁白：六年来，泰德·林肯一直是他母亲的陪伴，也是玛丽不安地从一个出租房间搬到另一个出租房间时唯一的安慰来源。
Then, in 1871, Tad contracted tuberculosis and died.
1871 年，泰德感染肺结核去世。
He was only 18.
他才18岁。
Mary's fragile grip on reality finally slipped away.
玛丽对现实的脆弱把握终于消失了。
She began to wander hotel corridors in her nightgown, was certain someone was trying to poison her, complained that an Indian spirit was removing wires from her eyes, and continued her frantic spending, purchasing yard after yard of elegant drapery when she had no windows in which to hang it.
她开始穿着睡衣在酒店走廊里徘徊，确信有人想毒死她，抱怨印度鬼魂正在从她的眼睛里移走电线，然后继续疯狂的消费，在没有窗户可以悬挂的情况下购买了一码又一码的优雅窗帘。
Then, on the evening of March 12, 1875, Mary Lincoln hurried into a Western Union office in Florida and sent a telegram to her only remaining son, Robert.
然后，1875 年 3 月 12 日晚上，玛丽·林肯匆匆走进位于佛罗里达州的西联汇款办事处，给她仅存的儿子罗伯特发了一封电报。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "My dearly beloved son Robert T.
玛丽（霍利·亨特）配音：“我心爱的儿子罗伯特·T.
Lincoln rouse yourself -- and live for my sake.
林肯振作起来——为了我而活。
All I have is yours from this hour.
从这个时刻起，我所拥有的一切都是你的了。
I am praying every moment for your life to be spared to your mother."
我每时每刻都在祈祷，希望你的母亲能够保佑你的生命。”
Narrator: Carrying thousands of dollars in securities sewn into her dress, Mary hurried to Chicago to be at her son's side.
旁白：玛丽带着缝在衣服上的数千美元的证券，匆匆赶到芝加哥，陪伴在儿子身边。
She was convinced that he was dying.
她确信他快要死了。
But Robert was perfectly well.
但罗伯特一切都很好。
He was sadly accustomed to his mother's irrational behavior, but now he was convinced that she had lost her mind and went to court to have her committed.
可悲的是，他已经习惯了母亲的非理性行为，但现在他确信她已经失去了理智，并上法庭将她绳之以法。
Mary was given no chance to prepare a defense.
玛丽没有机会准备辩护。
It took just three hours for the jury to find her "insane."
陪审团只用了三个小时就认定她“精神错乱”。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: The question one asks about Mary is was she crazy?
历史学家斯特罗泽：人们对玛丽提出的问题是她疯了吗？
Was she a schizophrenic?
她是精神分裂症患者吗？
You don't just develop schizophrenia in late middle age around the death of a child, but you can hallucinate and be psychotic without being schizophrenic.
你不仅会在中年后期因孩子的死亡而患上精神分裂症，而且你可能会产生幻觉并出现精神病，但没有患上精神分裂症。
Her life was an unending series of losses, and at a certain point she broke.
她的生活就是一连串无休无止的损失，在某个时刻她崩溃了。
Narrator: Mary found the verdict so painful she tried to kill herself by swallowing poison.
旁白：玛丽对判决感到非常痛苦，她试图服毒自杀。
She was committed to Bellevue Place, a private sanitarium for disturbed but well-to-do women in Batavia, Illinois, where she was a model patient.
她被送往伊利诺伊州巴达维亚的贝尔维尤广场（Bellevue Place）一家私人疗养院，该疗养院为患有精神疾病但富裕的妇女提供服务，她是那里的模范病人。
After three months, she was released.
三个月后，她被释放。
Charles B.
查尔斯·B.
Strozier, Historian: She was well treated, she was listened to.
历史学家斯特罗齐尔：她受到了很好的对待，她的意见得到了倾听。
She could calm herself sufficiently to return to being fragile and troubled, but not being psychotic.
她可以让自己足够平静，恢复到脆弱和困扰的状态，但不会变得精神病。
But she turned on her son, Robert, the man who had committed her.
但她却把矛头指向了她的儿子罗伯特，也就是那个犯下她罪行的人。
Mary Genevieve Murphy, Todd Family Friend: She felt indignant and infuriated.
托德家庭朋友玛丽·吉纳维夫·墨菲：她感到愤慨和愤怒。
She just couldn't understand why he would do this to her.
她只是想不明白，他为什么要这样对她。
And she never really forgave him.
而她从来没有真正原谅过他。
Mary Lincoln had lost everyone she ever really cared about: Willy, her husband, Tad, all taken from her.
玛丽·林肯失去了她真正关心的每一个人：威利、她的丈夫泰德，全都从她身边夺走了。
And Robert, her last surviving son, she now wrote out of her life.
她最后一个幸存的儿子罗伯特，现在已经从她的生活中写下了。
Mary Lincoln lived for six more years, wandering aimlessly from city to city.
玛丽·林肯又活了六年，漫无目的地从一个城市游荡到另一个城市。
In 1882, tired and ill, she returned to her sister's home in Springfield, and was given her old bedroom above the parlor in which she had married Abraham Lincoln 40 years before.
1882 年，她又累又病，回到了她姐姐在斯普林菲尔德的家，并在客厅楼上安排了她的旧卧室，40 年前她曾在该客厅与亚伯拉罕·林肯结婚。
She was 64, nearly blind now and partially paralyzed from a fall.
她今年 64 岁，现在几乎失明，并且因跌倒而部分瘫痪。
She was careful to sleep on one side of the bed, she said, because she wanted to leave a place for her husband.
她说，她小心翼翼地睡在床的一侧，因为她想给丈夫留个地方。
Voice of Mary (Holly Hunter): "Time does not soften my grief, nor can I ever be reconciled to my loss, until the grave closes over the remembrance, and I am again reunited with him."
玛丽（霍利·亨特）的声音：“时间并不能减轻我的悲伤，我也无法接受我的损失，直到坟墓在纪念中关闭，我再次与他团聚。”
Narrator: At 8:15 on the night of July 15, 1882, Mary Todd Lincoln died.
旁白：1882年7月15日晚上8点15分，玛丽·托德·林肯去世。
After 17 years of waiting, she could at last rest in peace alongside her sons and her husband.
经过17年的等待，她终于可以与儿子和丈夫一起安息了。
In the years that followed, Mary Lincoln was largely forgotten.
在接下来的几年里，玛丽·林肯基本上被遗忘了。
Abraham Lincoln -- the frontier farmer's son, the prairie lawyer, the shrewd politician and stern commander-in-chief became America's secular saint.
亚伯拉罕·林肯——边疆农民的儿子、草原律师、精明的政治家和严厉的总司令成为美国的世俗圣人。
His home in Springfield became something like a shrine.
他在斯普林菲尔德的家变成了一座圣殿。
And it became hard to believe that a real flesh-and-blood couple once lived here, raised their sons, quarreled, mourned...
很难相信一对真正的有血有肉的夫妇曾经住在这里，抚养他们的儿子，争吵，哀悼......
and loved one another.
并且彼此相爱。
An interview with David Grubin, producer of Abraham and Mary Lincoln: A House Divided.
采访《亚伯拉罕和玛丽·林肯：分裂之家》的制片人大卫·格鲁宾。
Read about the photographic legacy of the Civil War and the photographers wh captured the events.
了解内战的摄影遗产以及捕捉这些事件的摄影师。
In the North, great mill towns had begun to rise.
在北方，大型磨坊城镇开始兴起。
Speaking out publicly against injustice, publishing and editing newspapers, and helping slaves escape to freedom, these pioneers achieved successes unprecedented for women at the time.
这些先驱者公开反对不公正现象，出版和编辑报纸，帮助奴隶获得自由，为当时的女性取得了前所未有的成功。
Read about the women who served during the war in very different ways
了解战争期间以不同方式服役的女性
Throughout much of the Civil War, a key Union objective was to penetrate the South and seize the city of Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy.
在内战的大部分时间里，联邦的一个关键目标是渗透南方并夺取联邦首都弗吉尼亚州里士满市。
Whether born slave or free, African Americans in the North found themselves at the center of the conflict over slavery.
无论生来是奴隶还是自由人，北方的非裔美国人发现自己处于奴隶制冲突的中心。
Brutal physical punishment, psychological abuse and endless hours of hard labor without compensation drove many slaves to risk their lives to escape plantation life.
残酷的体罚、心理虐待和无休无止的无偿苦役迫使许多奴隶冒着生命危险逃离种植园生活。
In 1777, Vermont was the first U.S. territory to ban slavery, and the state of Pennsylvania followed suit in 1780.
1777 年，佛蒙特州成为美国第一个禁止奴隶制的地区，宾夕法尼亚州于 1780 年效仿。
America had the largest per capita newspaper circulation in the world at the time of the South's secession, and the war made the nation even hungrier for news.
南方分裂时，美国的人均报纸发行量是世界上最大的，而战争使这个国家对新闻更加渴望。
Behind the Scenes with Cinematographer James Callanan.
电影摄影师詹姆斯·卡拉南的幕后花絮。
Excerpt from William Grayson, "The Hireling and the Slave."
摘自威廉·格雷森《雇工与奴隶》。