Last Days in Vietnam
English language Stuart Herrington, Army Captain : As we began to contemplate evacuation, the question, the burning question was, who goes?
英语 Stuart Herrington，陆军上尉：当我们开始考虑撤离时，最紧迫的问题是，谁去？
And who gets left behind?
谁被抛在后面？
I borrowed a truck, and I basically sent the signal to my folks, and this meant a group of South Vietnamese majors, lieutenant colonels, colonels and their families to muster at an address in downtown Saigon.
我借了一辆卡车，基本上向我的家人发送了信号，这意味着一群南越少校、中校、上校和他们的家人聚集在西贡市中心的一个地址。
I drove down there.
我开车去了那里。
They loaded up onto the truck, and I drove them to the airbase.
他们装上卡车，我开车送他们去空军基地。
And I had told them, "When you hear three thumps that means hold the babies mouths, don't breath, don't talk, don't make any noise because we're going through the gate post." I saluted in uniform as a captain of the United States Army.
我告诉他们，“当你听到三声重击声时，意味着要捂住婴儿的嘴，不要呼吸，不要说话，不要发出任何噪音，因为我们要穿过门柱。”我以美国陆军上尉的身份穿着制服向他致敬。
The guard waved me through, and I drove straight out to the flight line to an aircraft that was awaiting.
警卫挥手示意我过去，我径直开车前往航线，找到一架正在等待的飞机。
One Vietnamese colonel was putting his family on the plane, he had wanted to stay in Vietnam to defend the country.
一名越南上校在送家人上飞机时，他想留在越南保卫国家。
And this full colonel had like eight kids and a wife.
这位上校有大约八个孩子和一个妻子。
And he was in tears, a family…
他泪流满面，一家人……
the family were in tears and I said to him, "Get on the plane.
家人泪流满面，我对他说：“上飞机吧。
Just go.
走吧。
Go." It was a terrible, terrible, terrible moral dilemma for everybody.
走吧。”这对每个人来说都是一个可怕、可怕、可怕的道德困境。
Richard Nixon (archival): : We today have concluded an agreement to end the war and bring peace with honor in Vietnam.
理查德·尼克松（档案）：：我们今天达成了一项结束战争并为越南带来荣誉和平的协议。
Slate: : In January 1973, the Paris Peace Accords was signed.
Slate: : 1973 年 1 月，《巴黎和平协定》签署。
The agreement called for a cease-fire between North and South Vietnam, and marked the withdrawal of American troops.
该协议要求北越和南越停火，并标志着美军撤离。
Richard Nixon (archival): : We have adopted a plan for the complete withdrawal of all U.S. combat ground forces.
理查德·尼克松（档案）：我们已经通过了一项完全撤出所有美国地面作战部队的计划。
We are finally bringing American men home.
我们终于把美国男人带回家了。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: We who made the agreement thought that it would be the beginning not of peace in the American sense, but the beginning of a period of co-existence which might evolve as it did in Korea into two states.
亨利·基辛格，国务卿：我们签署该协议的人认为，这不是美国意义上的和平的开始，而是共存时期的开始，共存时期可能会像朝鲜那样演变为两个国家。
Reconciliation between North and South Vietnam we knew would be extremely difficult.
我们知道北越和南越之间的和解将极其困难。
But I was hopeful.
但我充满希望。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: Because of the Paris Agreement American soldiers were going home.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿：由于《巴黎协定》，美国士兵正在回家。
But I was on my way back to Vietnam.
但我正在返回越南的路上。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: I was assigned to Saigon in the first week of August, 1973.
斯图尔特·赫林顿 (Stuart Herrington)，陆军上尉：1973 年 8 月的第一周，我被派往西贡。
So about six months after the ceasefire.
停火后大约六个月。
I would say that between the state department people and the CIA people, the contractors who were there to maintain infrastructure, maintain aircraft, as well as people like me, we had 5 to 7,000 Americans in country.
我想说，在国务院人员和中央情报局人员、维护基础设施、维护飞机的承包商以及像我这样的人中，我们在这个国家有 5 到 7,000 名美国人。
A lot of the guys had Vietnamese girlfriends and wives.
很多人都有越南女朋友和妻子。
In many cases with children.
很多情况下都是带着孩子。
In general, things were eerily calm and in many ways normal in Saigon.
总的来说，西贡的情况出奇地平静，在很多方面都很正常。
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: My sense was that we were gonna be there, you know, pretty much for a long time to come.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：我的感觉是，你知道，我们会在那里待很长一段时间。
I was assigned to the American Embassy in Saigon.
我被分配到美国驻西贡大使馆。
I was in charge of the 84 marine security guards that were there.
我负责管理那里的 84 名海上保安人员。
Making sure that they kept up with their physical fitness training.
确保他们坚持进行体能训练。
We were there to protect American lives, as well as American property.
我们在那里是为了保护美国人的生命以及美国的财产。
It was just a day to day job.
这只是日常工作。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: The ambassador there was a guy named Graham Martin, a North Carolinian, just as I was.
弗兰克·斯奈普，中央情报局分析师：那里的大使是一个名叫格雷厄姆·马丁的人，北卡罗来纳州人，就像我一样。
He spoke with a slow, southern drawl.
他说话时带着缓慢的南方口音。
He was a great gentleman.
他是一位伟大的绅士。
He was a cold warrior in the yellow stripe.
他是一名身穿黄条的冷酷战士。
He'd lost an adopted son in Vietnam to combat.
他在越南战争中失去了一个养子。
And he was not gonna give up South Vietnam to the Communists.
他不会将南越拱手让给共产党。
He was determined to keep U.S. aid flowing into Saigon.
他决心让美国的援助继续流入西贡。
When the cease-fire occurred, in 1973, everybody toasted it with Bloody Marys in the U.S. Embassy.
1973 年停火协议达成时，美国大使馆里的每个人都举着血腥玛丽干杯。
It was a grand party.
这是一场盛大的聚会。
We though peace was at hand.
我们以为和平即将来临。
But The Paris Peace Accord was a masterpiece of ambiguity.
但《巴黎和平协定》是一部模棱两可的杰作。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: In order to get President Thieu and the South Vietnamese to go along with the Paris Agreement, President Nixon pulled out all the stops.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿：为了让阮文绍总统和南越人遵守《巴黎协定》，尼克松总统使出了浑身解数。
And in a letter to President Thieu he promised that if the North Vietnamese were to substantially violate the terms of the Paris Agreement, the United States would respond with full force.
他在给越南总统阮文绍的信中承诺，如果北越严重违反《巴黎协定》的条款，美国将全力反击。
In other words, reenter the war.
换句话说，重新投入战争。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: The North Vietnamese viewed Nixon as a madman.
弗兰克·斯奈普，中央情报局分析师：北越人将尼克松视为疯子。
They were terrified of him.
他们很害怕他。
They believed that Nixon, if necessary, would bring back American air power.
他们相信，如果有必要，尼克松将恢复美国的空中力量。
But in August, 1974, he was gone.
但 1974 年 8 月，他离开了。
Nixon resigned because of Watergate.
尼克松因水门事件而辞职。
And overnight, everything changed.
一夜之间，一切都变了。
Hanoi suddenly saw the road to Saigon as being open.
河内突然发现通往西贡的道路已畅通。
Slate: On March 10, 1975, North Vietnam launched a massive invasion into South Vietnam.
Slate：1975年3月10日，北越对南越发动大规模入侵。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: The South Vietnamese population had ample reason to fear the Vietnamese Communists.
斯图尔特·赫林顿，陆军上尉：南越人民有充分的理由害怕越南共产党。
The Communist conduct throughout the course of the war had been violent and unforgiving.
共产党在整个战争过程中的行为是暴力和无情的。
For example when the city of Hue was taken over by the North Vietnamese, several thousand people on a long blacklist were rounded up, schoolteachers, government civil servants, people who were known anti-Communists, and they were executed, in some cases even buried alive, so panic was but a millimeter away.
例如，当顺化市被北越占领时，长长的黑名单上的数千人被围捕，学校教师、政府公务员、已知的反共人士，他们被处决，有的甚至被活埋，所以恐慌就在咫尺之遥。
Walter Cronkite (archival): Hundred of thousands of refugees are in a blind rush to flee even further from the rapidly advancing communists.
沃尔特·克朗凯特（档案）：数十万难民盲目地逃离快速推进的共产主义者。
Bruce Dunning reports
布鲁斯·邓宁报道
Bruce Dunning, Reporter, CBS News (archival audio): President Thieu broadcast a strong appeal to the soldiers and people of Da Nang urging them to stay and fight.
布鲁斯·邓宁，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻记者（档案音频）：阮文总统向岘港的士兵和人民发出强烈呼吁，敦促他们留下来战斗。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): Our orders were very conflicting.
Kiem Do，南越海军上尉（越南语，副标题）：我们的命令非常矛盾。
One day we would get orders to defend Da Nang.
有一天我们会接到保卫岘港的命令。
On the next, we would get orders to abandon it.
接下来，我们就会接到放弃它的命令。
Dan Rather, CBS News (archival): As the enemy approaches, the panic has swept from the coastal cities crowded backstreets and pagodas onto runways at the airport.
丹·拉瑟（Danrath），哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：随着敌人的逼近，恐慌从沿海城市拥挤的后街和宝塔席卷到机场的跑道上。
Reporter, CBS News (archival): Our plane is surrounded here, I don't know how the hell we're going to get out.
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻记者（档案）：我们的飞机被包围了，我不知道我们要怎么出去。
We're racing down the runway, leaving behind hundreds and thousands of people.
我们正在跑道上奔跑，留下了成百上千的人。
Another dozen of them, running along grabbing at the air stair.
另外十几个人，抓着空中楼梯一路奔跑。
We're pulling them on as fast as we can.
我们正在尽快拉动他们。
There's a sea of humanity jamming on.
人海汹涌。
Impossible, uh, to stop the crowd.
呃，不可能阻止人群。
We're pulling away, we're leaving them behind!
我们要离开了，我们要把他们抛在后面！
We're pulling up with the…
我们正在拉…
people are falling off the air stairs!
人们从空中楼梯上掉下来！
The plane is taking off.
飞机正在起飞。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: It was every man for himself.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：每个人都是为了自己。
So you saw the World Airways flights being mobbed by South Vietnamese soldiers.
所以你看到世界航空公司的航班被南越士兵围攻。
You saw ships with thousands of refugees, including lots of soldiers.
你看到船上载有数千名难民，其中包括许多士兵。
You saw out of control panic.
你看到了失控的恐慌。
Basically any boats, trucks, airplanes or anything going south were besieged by people wanting to get onboard.
基本上，任何向南航行的船只、卡车、飞机或任何东西都会被想要上船的人包围。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: The Americans were gone and as a result the house of cards began to collapse.
弗兰克·斯奈普，中央情报局分析师：美国人走了，结果纸牌屋开始倒塌。
The North Vietnamese decided to escalate, escalate, escalate, escalate at every turn to see if the United States would react.
北越决定每次升级，升级，升级，升级，看看美国是否会做出反应。
Ron Nessen, White House Press Secretary: In April of '75, I was with President Gerald Ford, and we were flying across the country on Air Force One when one of the airplane's crew comes and hands me a note and it says, "Da Nang has fallen." Ford was bombarded by questions from the press after he got off Air Force One.
白宫新闻秘书罗恩·内森：75 年 4 月，我和杰拉尔德·福特总统一起乘坐空军一号飞越全国，这时飞机上的一名机组人员过来递给我一张纸条，上面写着：“岘港已经陷落。”福特从空军一号上下来后，受到了媒体的狂轰滥炸。
Gerald Ford (archival): Around 150-175,000 well trained North Vietnamese regular forces in violation of the Paris peace accords moved into South Vietnam.
杰拉尔德·福特（档案）：大约 150-175,000 名训练有素的北越正规军违反巴黎和平协定进入南越。
We have objected to that violation.
我们对这种违规行为表示反对。
It's a tragedy unbelievable in its ramifications.
这是一场后果令人难以置信的悲剧。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: We are now in a crisis.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：我们现在正处于危机之中。
We had a wave of humanity.
我们经历了人性浪潮。
500,000 refugees rolling, rolling south towards Saigon.
50万难民滚滚向南涌向西贡。
And 160,000 North Vietnamese troops moving right behind them.
16万北越军队紧随其后。
I had become so concerned I decided to pull our best Vietnamese agents in out of the woodwork to try to see what they could tell us about Communist planning, which obviously was rapidly evolving.
我变得非常担心，我决定把我们最好的越南特工从木头上抽出来，看看他们能告诉我们有关共产主义计划的什么信息，而这显然正在迅速发展。
On the 8th of April, I met with one of our best agents who said, "the Communists are gonna drive on Saigon.
4 月 8 日，我会见了我们最好的特工之一，他说：“共产党将驶向西贡。
They're gonna be in there by Ho Chi Minh's birthday", which was May 19, literally a month away.
他们将在胡志明生日那天到达那里”，即 5 月 19 日，实际上还有一个月的时间。
Walter Cronkite, CBS News (archival): Communist forces in South Vietnam, already solidly in control of 11 provinces, began working on yet another one today: Binh Dinh.
沃尔特·克朗凯特，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：南越的共产党军队已经牢牢控制了 11 个省份，今天又开始控制另一个省份：平定省。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): We tried to do our best without thinking about the future.
Kiem Do，南越海军上尉（越南语，副标题）：我们尽力做到最好，不考虑未来。
We couldn't repair or replace equipment.
我们无法修理或更换设备。
Field hospitals had to reuse soiled bandages.
野战医院不得不重复使用弄脏的绷带。
We had many obstacles.
我们遇到了很多障碍。
We didn't know how much longer we could last.
我们不知道还能坚持多久。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : I kept a map every day on the progress of the North Vietnamese onslaught.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：：我每天都保存一张关于北越进攻进展的地图。
By the 5th of April, the North Vietnamese had 15, even 16 divisions heading in the direction of Saigon.
到4月5日，北越已有15个甚至16个师向西贡方向进发。
They were bringing SA-2 missiles down to provide anti-aircraft cover for their forces.
他们发射 SA-2 导弹为其部队提供防空掩护。
There were people who were saying, "Look, we've gotta do some heavy, heavy planning here because depending on how this goes and it doesn't look good now, we may all have to evacuate.
有人说，“看，我们必须在这里做一些繁重的计划，因为根据事态的发展，而且现在看起来不太好，我们可能都必须撤离。
And Ambassador Martin wouldn't tolerate or countenance such thought.
马丁大使不会容忍或支持这种想法。
That was defeatism.
那是失败主义。
That was poisonous to the prospects of the people we're here to help.
这对我们来这里帮助的人们的前景有害。
But people could see what was going on.
但人们可以看到发生了什么。
And they started leaving, especially the Americans.
他们开始离开，尤其是美国人。
Joe Bruscio (archival): Uh…
乔·布鲁西奥（档案）：呃……
I'm kind of scared, to be honest with you.
老实说，我有点害怕。
To be perfectly honest with you, I'm really scared.
老实说，我真的很害怕。
I think the situation's a lot worse than we know about.
我认为情况比我们知道的要糟糕得多。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: There was always a standing evacuation plan in the embassy.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：大使馆里一直有一个常设的疏散计划。
It held that in an emergency, all Americans still in the country, about 6,000 people, would be evacuated.
它认为，在紧急情况下，所有仍在该国的美国人（约 6000 人）将被疏散。
And that no South Vietnamese would be evacuated with them.
而且南越人不会随他们一起撤离。
Binh Pho, College Student: I was a student.
Binh Pho，大学生：我是一名学生。
The schools not closing but...
学校没有关闭，但...
it seem like nobody interested in school anymore.
似乎没有人对学校感兴趣了。
You can't stay here.
你不能留在这里。
You can't live with the communists.
你不能和共产党一起生活。
Especially if you have a connection with the Americans.
尤其是如果你与美国人有联系的话。
Then you really gotta get out.
那你真的得出去了。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : If we really made up a list of endangered South Vietnamese, the ones who really worked closely with us during the war, this number could be 150-200,000.
陆军上尉 Stuart Herrington：如果我们真的列出一份濒临灭绝的南越人名单，即那些在战争期间真正与我们密切合作的人，这个数字可能是 150-200,000 人。
Including their families, many more than that.
包括他们的家人，远不止这些。
But the idea of talking about an evacuation and of planning for an evacuation of Americans, let alone an evacuation of Vietnamese, was still an anathema in the embassy.
但谈论撤离和计划撤离美国人的想法，更不用说撤离越南人，仍然是使馆中的一种厌恶。
Graham Martin, U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam (archival): If you, if you, if you mean is South Vietnam is on the imminent verge of collapse?
美国驻南越大使格雷厄姆·马丁（档案）：如果你，如果你，如果你的意思是南越正处于崩溃的边缘吗？
I think the answer is quite definitely no. I mean, you have...
我想答案绝对是否定的。我的意思是，你有...
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: We were dealing with an ambassador who was just convinced that somehow he was going to be able to pull this out and that there wouldn't have to be an evacuation and therefore there wouldn't have to be a concern about evacuating South Vietnamese.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：我们正在与一位大使打交道，他坚信自己能够以某种方式解决这个问题，并且不必进行疏散，因此不必担心疏散南越人。
Gerald Ford (archival): The situation in South Vietnam has reached a critical phase requiring immediate and positive decisions by this government.
杰拉尔德·福特（档案）：南越局势已达到关键阶段，需要本届政府立即做出积极决定。
There are tens of thousands of South Vietnamese employees of the United States government, of news agencies, of contractors and businesses for many years whose lives, with their dependents, are in very grave peril.
多年来，数以万计的南越雇员在美国政府、新闻机构、承包商和企业工作，他们及其家属的生命面临着非常严重的危险。
I'm therefore asking the congress to appropriate without delay $722 million for emergency military assistance for South Vietnam.
因此，我要求国会立即拨款 7.22 亿美元，用于向南越提供紧急军事援助。
If the very worst were to happen, at least allow the orderly evacuation of Americans and endangered South Vietnamese to places of safety.
如果最坏的情况发生，至少允许美国人和面临危险的南越人有序撤离到安全地点。
Rep.
代表。
Pete McCloskey, (R) California: There was no way in 1975 that the Congress was gonna vote any money to go to the aid of South Vietnam.
皮特·麦克洛斯基 (Pete McCloskey)，加利福尼亚州（R）：1975 年，国会不可能投票拨款援助南越。
We'd pulled out our troops in 1973 and public opinion at that point shifted.
我们于 1973 年撤军，当时舆论发生了转变。
The people of the United States having seen Watergate, having seen the deception of the generals weren't about to give any help in Southeast Asia.
美国人民目睹了水门事件，目睹了将军们的欺骗，不会再向东南亚提供任何帮助。
And, you know, Kissinger knew this.
而且，你知道，基辛格知道这一点。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: We knew we were not going to get the 722 million.
国务卿亨利·基辛格：我们知道我们不会得到 7.22 亿美元。
By that time it made no big difference, but President Ford said he owed it to Vietnam to make a request.
到那时，这已经没有什么大的区别，但福特总统表示，他有责任向越南提出要求。
Rep.
代表。
Millicent Fenwick, (R) New Jersey (archival): We've sent, so to speak, battleship after battleship and bomber after bomber and 500,000 and more men and billions and billions of dollars.
新泽西州米利森特·芬威克（R）（档案）：可以说，我们已经派出了一艘又一艘战列舰、一架又一架轰炸机、50万甚至更多的人员和数十亿美元。
If billions and billions didn't do at a time when we had all our men there, how can $722 million save the day?
如果当我们所有人员都在场时，数十亿美元都无法解决问题，那么 7.22 亿美元又如何能挽救局面呢？
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : This is the way my map looked mid April.
Stuart Herrington，陆军上尉：：这是我的地图四月中旬的样子。
The North Vietnamese just rolled down the coast.
北越人刚刚沿着海岸滚下。
Saigon was clearly threatened.
西贡显然受到了威胁。
The situation was urgent.
情况紧急。
Urgent understates it.
紧急轻描淡写了。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: At this time, Ambassador Martin had been back in Washington trying to persuade Congress to vote additional aid.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：此时，马丁大使已回到华盛顿，试图说服国会投票通过额外援助。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: He came back to Saigon and my boss, the CIA station chief said, "Go down and tell the old man what's happening." I went, and I said, "Mr. Ambassador, half of the South Vietnamese Army has disintegrated, we're in grave trouble.
弗兰克·斯奈普，中央情报局分析师：他回到西贡，我的老板，中央情报局站长说，“下去告诉那位老人发生了什么事。”我去了，我说：“先生。大使，南越军队已经解散了一半，我们遇到了严重的麻烦。
Please, sir, plan for an evacuation.
先生，请制定撤离计划。
At least allow us to begin putting together lists of South Vietnamese we should rescue." And he said "No, Frank.
至少让我们开始整理我们应该救援的南越人名单。”他说：“不，弗兰克。
It's not so bleak, and I won't have this negative talk."
情况并没有那么惨淡，我不会发表这种负面言论。”
Young officers in the embassy began to mobilize a black operation.
使馆里的年轻军官开始动员一场黑人行动。
Meaning, a makeshift underground railway evacuation using outgoing cargo aircraft that would be totally below the radar of the ambassador.
这意味着，使用出境货机进行临时地下铁路疏散，完全在大使的雷达范围内。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : People like myself and others took the bull by the horns and organized an evacuation.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：：像我和其他人一样，勇敢地组织了一次疏散。
In my case, that meant friends of mine who were senior officers in the South Vietnamese military.
就我而言，这意味着我的朋友是南越军队的高级军官。
As the North Vietnamese came closer and closer to Saigon, these people were dead men walking.
随着北越人越来越接近西贡，这些人就像行尸走肉一样。
I had arranged a signal with my intelligence community friends that if I said, "I'm having a barbecue," that meant come to a certain pre-designated place and bring your families and only bring one suitcase because we're going to have a party.
我已经和我的情报界朋友发出了一个信号，如果我说“我要烧烤”，那就意味着带着你的家人来到一个预先指定的地方，并且只带一个手提箱，因为我们要举办一个聚会。
But it was understood the party meant I was going to get them out.
但据了解，聚会意味着我要把他们赶出去。
Black Ops were essentially violating the rules.
黑色行动本质上违反了规则。
In this case, meaning, "You're not allowed to bring out Vietnamese military people who were under obligation to stand and fight." We were fully expecting if we got caught doing this that we would be run out of country, end of career, do not pass go.
在这种情况下，意思是“你不被允许带出有义务站立和战斗的越南军人。”我们完全预料到，如果我们这样做被抓住，我们就会被赶出国家，结束职业生涯，不要通过。
But sometimes there's an issue not of legal and illegal, but right or wrong.
但有时候，问题不是合法与非法，而是正确与错误。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: The deputy defense attaché moved out Vietnamese personnel and their families, to Clark airbase in the Philippines without any approval whatsoever.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：副武官在没有任何批准的情况下将越南人员及其家人转移到菲律宾的克拉克空军基地。
Without any immigration papers, anything, passports, you name it.
没有任何移民文件，任何东西，护照，凡是你能想到的。
And when they began showing up in the Philippines, Martin hit the roof and fired him!
当他们开始出现在菲律宾时，马丁勃然大怒并解雇了他！
But that didn't stop other state department people who had Vietnamese friends and family members.
但这并没有阻止其他有越南朋友和家人的国务院人员。
They continued to organize these makeshift airlifts.
他们继续组织这些临时空运。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: That April I was in Can Tho, which was about 100 miles from Saigon.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉：那年四月我在芹苴，距离西贡约 100 英里。
And we were getting reports of this town falling and that province falling and so on.
我们收到关于这个城镇陷落、那个省份陷落等等的报告。
And then we were attacked.
然后我们就遭到了袭击。
Sgt.
中士。
Hasty came by to give me a report on the damage.
哈斯蒂过来给我一份损坏情况的报告。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: Can Tho came under pretty intense artillery bombardment.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：芹苴遭受了相当猛烈的炮击。
The North Vietnamese had overrun some South Vietnamese artillery batteries and managed to turn those around and shell the center of Can Tho.
北越军队占领了南越的一些炮台，并设法扭转炮台，炮击芹苴市中心。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: I was in regular contact with the embassy, and I was told that when the time came, I should be ready to evacuate.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉（Terry McNamara）：我经常与大使馆联系，他们告诉我，到了时机，我应该准备好撤离。
And that I should not try to take any Vietnamese out.
我不应该试图带走任何越南人。
Because it was too dangerous, and I should only restrict myself to evacuating Americans using my three helicopters.
因为太危险了，我只能用我的三架直升机来撤离美国人。
Well, I'd been there for almost five years at this point and I was committed to the Vietnamese.
嗯，那时我已经在那里待了快五年了，我对越南人很忠诚。
I did have a responsibility, I thought, for the people who worked for us, and who had given their loyal service to us over many years.
我想，我确实对为我们工作的人和多年来为我们提供忠诚服务的人们负有责任。
So I decided that despite the order from Saigon, we're gonna really make an effort to evacuate the people in Can Tho who I thought might be in mortal danger.
所以我决定，尽管有西贡的命令，我们还是要尽力疏散芹苴的人们，我认为他们可能面临生命危险。
This could be hundreds of people.
这可能是数百人。
So I spent one sleepless night worrying about this, "How am I going to do this?" And then I thought, hell, we're on a river.
于是我度过了一个不眠之夜，担心这个问题：“我该怎么办？”然后我想，见鬼，我们在河边。
We don't need helicopters.
我们不需要直升机。
We can go down the river.
我们可以顺河而下。
It's 70 miles from Can Tho down to the mouth of the river.
从芹苴到河口有 70 英里。
So I found two invasion barges and got them ready to go.
所以我找到了两艘入侵驳船并让它们准备出发。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: We knew that the situation was bad.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：我们知道情况很糟糕。
We could see that the South Vietnamese army was eroding.
我们可以看到南越军队正在被削弱。
Supplies had been cut off, and you could see the armaments dwindling.
补给已经被切断，你可以看到军备正在减少。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: We were, under the terms of the Paris Agreement, committed to resupplying the South Vietnamese.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉：根据《巴黎协定》的条款，我们致力于向南越提供补给。
They lacked simple things like barbed wire and bags for sand bags.
他们缺乏简单的东西，比如铁丝网和沙袋。
They were rationing their artillery shells because they were running out.
他们对炮弹进行配给，因为炮弹已经用完了。
The military support, the materiel support, was not coming.
军事支持、物资支持还没有到来。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: When President Ford went before the congress, he had two major concerns.
国务卿亨利·基辛格：当福特总统出席国会会议时，他有两个主要担忧。
The first was to save as many people as we could.
首先是尽可能拯救更多的人。
He cared for the human beings involved; they were not just pawns that once they had lost their military power were abandoned.
他关心所涉及的人；他们不只是一旦失去军事力量就被抛弃的棋子。
The second was the honor of America -- that we would not be seen at the final agony of South Vietnam as having stabbed it in the back.
第二个是美国的荣誉——在南越的最后痛苦中，我们不会被视为在背后捅了它一刀。
Ron Nessen, White House Press Secretary: Congress wouldn't pass it.
白宫新闻秘书罗恩·内森：国会不会通过它。
They said "No more.
他们说：“没有了。
You know?
你知道？
No more troops, no more money, no more aid to the Vietnamese." Well, I had to go into President Ford's office to tell him.
不再有军队，不再有钱，不再向越南人提供援助。”好吧，我不得不走进福特总统的办公室告诉他。
I had never heard Ford use a curse word in all the time I'd known him.
我认识福特以来，从未听过他说过脏话。
But when I showed him this story, he said, "Those sons of bitches."
但当我给他看这个故事时，他说：“那些王八蛋。”
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : I think there were a total of 50 ships that were there.
Hugh Doyle，柯克号航空母舰总工程师：我认为那里总共有 50 艘船。
I mean, it wasn't just us; it was a whole bunch of ships.
我的意思是，不仅仅是我们；还有。这是一大堆船。
We were standing by for the evacuation of Americans.
我们正在等待美国人的撤离。
I was a terrible letter writer.
我是一个糟糕的写信人。
I would write one letter for my wife's ten letters.
我会为我妻子的十封信写一封。
And she didn't like that.
她不喜欢这样。
So she said, "We're going to exchange tapes." So, I would run into my stateroom, turn the tape recorder on for a couple of minutes and tell her what's happening.
于是她说：“我们要交换磁带。”所以，我会跑进我的客舱，打开录音机几分钟，然后告诉她发生了什么事。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): I really don't know where to start.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：我真的不知道从哪里开始。
It's been such a ...
这真是一个...
an unusual couple days for us.
对我们来说这是不寻常的几天。
We went with the rest of this huge task force of ours up into about...
我们和这个庞大的工作组的其他成员一起去了大约......
oh 20 miles off of the coast, basically east of Saigon.
哦，距海岸 20 英里，基本上是西贡以东。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : As most navy operations are, it was very carefully planned.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：与大多数海军行动一样，它是经过非常仔细计划的。
We planned it to death.
我们计划死了。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: The chain of command, for-- as I understood it as a captain of the United States Marine Corps, and I think I got it right -- is that for any evacuation, that decision is the ambassador's decision.
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：指挥系统——据我作为美国海军陆战队上尉的理解，我认为我是对的——对于任何疏散行动，该决定都是大使的决定。
Graham Martin is the responsible guy.
格雷厄姆·马丁是负责任的人。
But the military is responsible for giving him all kinds of plans.
但军方负责给他提供各种计划。
And this is how we got into the four options.
这就是我们进入四个选项的方式。
The first option was you would take commercial ships right up the Saigon River to couple blocks from the embassy.
第一个选择是乘坐商船沿着西贡河逆流而上，到达距离大使馆几个街区的地方。
You would load whoever you wanted to bring out on these ships, and you'd be done with it.
你可以把你想带的人装上这些船，然后你就完成了。
The second option was, you know, United and Continental and Flying Tiger airlines were still using Tan Son Nhut Air Force Base at the time, and you could've brought anybody you wanted out by commercial aviation.
第二个选择是，你知道，联合航空、大陆航空和飞虎航空当时仍在使用新山一空军基地，你可以通过商业航空将任何你想要的人带出去。
The third option was military fixed-wing aviation, the C5As, the C-141s, which carry a lotta people.
第三种选择是军用固定翼航空，C5A、C-141，它们可以运载很多人。
You could have brought them out of Tan Son Nhut on those.
你可以用这些把他们从新山一带出来。
The very last option, the very last option, was, was helicopters off the carriers into Tan Son Nhut Air Force Base.
最后的选择，最后的选择是，从航母上起飞直升机进入新山一空军基地。
We had 75 Marine Corps helicopters out there.
我们有 75 架海军陆战队直升机。
The helicopter option -- that was absolutely the last resort.
直升机选项——这绝对是最后的手段。
You know they don't go very fast; they don't carry that many people.
你知道它们走得不太快；他们载不了那么多人。
That was if everything else failed.
如果其他一切都失败的话。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: I got into Vietnam late on the 24th of April, 1975.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：我于 1975 年 4 月 24 日晚些时候进入越南。
Saigon was full of rumor, of false stories.
西贡充满了谣言和虚假故事。
Whether we were gonna have a last attempt to draw a line across the country at Saigon and the south would remain a free republic.
无论我们是否要最后一次尝试在西贡和南部划定一条横贯全国的界限，都将仍然是一个自由共和国。
All of these things, and it was all churning all around.
所有这些事情，都在四处翻腾。
The fighting was close to Saigon but hadn't shown up in the streets of Saigon.
战斗发生在西贡附近，但并未出现在西贡的街道上。
I served as a naval officer and three and a half tours in Vietnam.
我曾担任海军军官，并在越南服役了三年半。
Two of those years as a Special Forces advisor with a 20-boat river division, all Vietnamese.
其中两年担任特种部队顾问，领导一个拥有 20 艘船的河流师，全部都是越南人。
I could tell jokes and hear jokes in Vietnamese, and once you start off like that, you eventually end up being able to dream in Vietnamese.
我可以用越南语讲笑话和听笑话，一旦你像这样开始，你最终就能用越南语做梦。
In 1975 my mission was to remove or destroy as many ships, boats, anything I considered to be a benefit to the enemy.
1975 年，我的任务是清除或摧毁尽可能多的船只、船只以及任何我认为对敌人有利的东西。
I met with Captain Do Kiem, who was the operations officer of the Vietnamese navy.
我会见了越南海军作战军官杜剑上尉。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): He said that the situation is getting desperate now.
Kiem Do，南越海军上尉（越南语，字幕）：他说现在的情况已经变得绝望。
And you must help me come up with a plan to keep the Vietnamese Navy ships, given to us by the United States, out of the hands of the Communists.
你必须帮我想出一个计划，让美国给予我们的越南海军舰艇不落入共产党手中。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: The plan was to sail all the large ships of the South Vietnamese Navy down the Saigon River to the sea and rendezvous at Con Son Island.
特种部队顾问理查德·阿米蒂奇：计划是让南越海军的所有大型舰艇沿着西贡河航行到海上并在昆山岛会合。
We had to keep this secret.
我们必须保守这个秘密。
If word got out it would have had an effect on the morale of the people in the street.
如果消息传出去，将会影响街上人们的士气。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: We knew that there were roughly 5,000 Americans still in the country.
国务院官员 Joseph McBride：我们知道大约还有 5,000 名美国人仍在国内。
Many of them had Vietnamese wives, mistresses, whatever.
他们中的许多人都有越南妻子、情妇等等。
Just hadn't left.
只是没有离开而已。
And they were basically letting us know we're not leaving without our families.
他们基本上是让我们知道我们不会带着家人离开。
Finally, we were given authority, by the ambassador, to bypass the immigration laws and send these Vietnamese out of the country.
最后，大使授权我们绕过移民法，将这些越南人驱逐出境。
So, then we started an operation basically to get out the Americans and their Vietnamese dependents.
因此，我们开始了一项行动，基本上是为了救出美国人及其越南家属。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: It was not an official evacuation.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：这不是官方疏散。
We still had no organized plan for evacuating high-risk South Vietnamese, because we had an ambassador who was making up his mind on the wing.
我们仍然没有有组织的计划来撤离高风险的南越人，因为我们有一位大使正在做决定。
Garrick Utley, Reporter, NBC News (archival): The President also asked Congress for authorization to use American troops here to evacuate Americans and Vietnamese who worked for Americans.
加里克·厄特利（Garrick Utley），NBC新闻记者（档案）：总统还请求国会授权使用美国军队来撤离为美国人工作的美国人和越南人。
Graham Martin, U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam (archival): Well of course, every embassy in the world has plans for it.
美国驻南越大使格雷厄姆·马丁（档案）：当然，世界上每个大使馆都有这方面的计划。
Graham Martin, U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam (archival): I have no...
美国驻南越大使格雷厄姆·马丁（档案）：我没有……
that, that again you see is a judgment that, that I can't possibly make at this time.
那个,你又看到了,这是一个判断,我现在不可能做出这个判断。
We have been reducing the population here as measure of prudency and will take measures to reduce it further as a, as a question of prudence.
作为谨慎的措施，我们一直在减少这里的人口，并将采取措施进一步减少人口，作为谨慎的问题。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : The ambassador was extremely skittish, and I guess understandably so, about talking about evacuation, about sending signals that an evacuation was being planned or even executed.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：大使在谈论疏散、发出正在计划甚至执行疏散的信号时非常不安，我想这是可以理解的。
He feared it would trigger a panic.
他担心这会引发恐慌。
Binh Pho, College Student: It's time to get out.
Binh Pho，大学生：是时候出去了。
And in Saigon at that time, it was like, who do you know?
当时在西贡，就像，你认识谁？
The key word would be connection.
关键词是连接。
There's a lot of people, they try to get their money.
有很多人，他们想方设法要钱。
Because, if the people have money, maybe they will find a connection to get out.
因为，如果人们有钱，也许他们会找到联系方式逃走。
You want to go?
你想去吗？
Give me this kind of money.
给我这么多钱。
One guy said to me, "your family, tell them to come to the boat dock, I'll be waiting for them." You know, of course they took the money but they never got us.
一个人对我说：“你的家人，让他们到船码头来，我会等他们。”你知道，他们当然拿走了钱，但他们从未得到我们。
Dam Pham, Lieutenant, South Vietnamese Army: There was chaos in Saigon at that time.
南越陆军中尉Dam Pham：当时西贡很混乱。
Everybody was looking for ways to get out as soon as possible.
每个人都在寻找尽快离开的方法。
Of course, the Americans we worked with had a plan in place for us.
当然，与我们一起工作的美国人为我们制定了计划。
They told us to get to the meeting place, which was a safe house near the American Embassy and to wait for buses to come to pick us up.
他们告诉我们到达集合地点，即美国大使馆附近的一个安全屋，等待巴士来接我们。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: If we were gonna get people out, we were gonna have to make it happen, and deliver the Vietnamese to the big airplanes in some form or fashion.
美国国务院官员约瑟夫·麦克布莱德：如果我们要把人救出来，我们就必须做到这一点，并以某种形式或方式将越南人送上大型飞机。
And the only way we could do that was keeping the airport open as long as we could.
我们能做到这一点的唯一方法就是尽可能长时间地保持机场开放。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : Ambassador Martin still hoped that somehow this thing would not end with the North Vietnamese humiliating the United States by attacking Saigon.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿：马丁大使仍然希望这件事不会以北越进攻西贡羞辱美国而告终。
But it seemed like the North Vietnamese had other ideas.
但北越人似乎另有想法。
Dan Rather, CBS News (archival): What may be the final battle of Saigon has begun.
丹·拉瑟，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（档案）：西贡的最后之战可能已经开始。
Communist ground forces have started moving in on Saigon's Tan Son Nhut airport.
共产党地面部队已开始进驻西贡新山一机场。
Reporter (archival audio): Rockets exploded all over the base, touching off three major fires.
记者（档案音频）：火箭在整个基地爆炸，引发了三场大火。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : The air base was under continuous artillery fire.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿 (Stuart Herrington)：：空军基地遭到持续炮火攻击。
I felt the rounds.
我感觉到了轮回。
They were so close the shrapnel was plinking against the fence behind us.
他们离我们太近了，弹片在我们身后的栅栏上发出叮当作响的声音。
It was abundantly clear that it was a whole new ball game.
很明显，这是一场全新的比赛。
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: We never expected any trouble out there.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：我们从未预料到会出现任何麻烦。
And then of course, fear a little bit set in because now we knew that it really meant business, you know?
当然，我们会感到一点恐惧，因为现在我们知道这确实意味着生意，你知道吗？
Were they gonna continue shelling Tan Son Nhut?
他们会继续炮击新山一吗？
They had given us a warning, you know, "get out."
他们给了我们一个警告，你知道，“滚出去”。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : As the sun came up General Smith, who was our defense attaché out at Tan Son Nhut, contacted the ambassador and said, "The plan to use the fixed-wing to get a few thousand people out today isn't going to work.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿：太阳升起时，我们驻新山一的国防武官史密斯将军联系了大使并说：“今天使用固定翼飞机运送数千人的计划行不通。
And we need to consider that this is it, Option Four." A heavy lift helicopter evacuation.
我们需要考虑到就是这样，选项四。”重型直升机疏散。
And Ambassador Martin wouldn't hear of it.
马丁大使不会听到这个消息。
He said, "I want to come out there, I want to see it." Which he did, he got in a sedan, he didn't lack for guts.
他说：“我想去那里，我想看看。”他确实这么做了，坐上了轿车，他并不缺乏勇气。
There were still rounds coming in.
仍有几轮子弹进来。
Sporadic.
零星的。
But there were still artillery fire.
但仍然有炮火。
And he could see that the main runway was full of craters from North Vietnamese artillery.
他可以看到主跑道上布满了北越炮兵的弹坑。
And it was understood that General Smith was not being premature with recommendation for Option Four.
据了解，史密斯将军提出选择四的建议并不为时过早。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: Ambassador Martin's concern very clearly up to now was that once we started an official evacuation it's pretty obvious that the game is over.
约瑟夫·麦克布莱德，国务院官员：到目前为止，马丁大使非常清楚地担心，一旦我们开始正式疏散，很明显游戏就结束了。
You got to remember this is an ambassador who had lost his only son in combat in Vietnam.
你必须记住，这是一位大使，他在越南的战斗中失去了唯一的儿子。
One becomes pretty invested in that country.
人们会对那个国家进行相当大的投资。
He had been holding out hope that some kind of third-party solution could be worked out, so that South Vietnam could continue with some form of independence or autonomy.
他一直希望能够找到某种第三方解决方案，以便南越能够继续保持某种形式的独立或自治。
And he was being encouraged to think this might be possible.
他被鼓励认为这是可能的。
But the morning of the 29th he came to accept the fact that that wasn't going to happen.
但29日早上他开始接受这样的事实：这不会发生。
Graham Martin, U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam (archival): And I picked up the phone and told secretary Kissinger to inform the President that I had decided that we would have to go to Option Four.
美国驻南越大使格雷厄姆·马丁（档案）：我拿起电话，告诉基辛格国务卿通知总统，我已经决定我们必须采用选项四。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: When I tell President Ford the airport is being shelled and that it's now time to pull the plug, he keeps coming back time and again.
国务卿亨利·基辛格：当我告诉福特总统机场正在遭到炮击，现在是时候拔掉插头时，他一次又一次地回来。
You really think we have to do it?
你真的认为我们必须这样做吗？
That's how heartbreaking it was for him.
这对他来说是多么令人心碎。
He finally, reluctantly, gave the go-ahead for the final evacuation.
最后，他不情愿地批准了最后的撤离。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: The prearranged signal for the evacuation was broadcast on American radio in Saigon.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：预先安排的撤离信号在西贡的美国广播电台上播出。
The message was "the temperature is 105 and rising" and then Bing Crosby's "White Christmas".
消息是“气温为 105 度，并且正在上升”，然后是宾·克劳斯比 (Bing Crosby) 的“白色圣诞节”。
And sure enough, about 10 o'clock in the morning, I believe, on the 29th, there was Bing Crosby on the airwaves.*
果然，我相信，29 号上午 10 点左右，广播里就有 Bing Crosby。*
Bing Crosby, singing: : "I'm dreaming of a white Christmas.
平·克罗斯比 (Bing Crosby) 唱道：“我梦想着一个白色圣诞节。
Just like the ones I used to know.
就像我以前认识的那些人一样。
Where the treetops glisten and children listen to hear sleigh bells in the snow..."
树梢闪闪发光，孩子们在雪地里聆听雪橇的铃声……”
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : The plan was when the signal was given, Americans still in Saigon would immediately go to pick up zones around the city so that buses could then come to these 13 locations and get everyone out to the airbase where they would be helicoptered to the fleet.
陆军上尉 Stuart Herrington：计划是，当信号发出时，仍在西贡的美国人将立即前往城市周围的区域，以便巴士可以到达这 13 个地点，将所有人送往空军基地，在那里他们将被直升机送往舰队。
We had prepared three or four landing zones right across the street from the main runway of Tan Son Nhut airbase.
我们在新山一空军基地主跑道对面准备了三四个着陆区。
Areas which had not been under artillery fire.
没有遭受炮火袭击的地区。
Where heavy lift helicopters could come in.
重型直升机可以派上用场的地方。
It was a good plan, they had good facilities, they had good security.
这是一个很好的计划，他们有很好的设施，也有很好的安全保障。
Now that Option Four had been declared, I don't think anyone said, "Okay.
既然选项四已经宣布，我想没有人会说：“好吧。
We have 7,000, 6,000, 5,000," or what have you left to evacuate.
我们有 7,000 人、6,000 人、5,000 人，或者你们还剩下什么要撤离。
I think it was, "We are going to bring out everybody we have left at the airport, and everybody who might show up, and at a point in time, the embassy will evacuate its few hundred by buses to us and it'll be over." But unfortunately, the plan was compromised.
我认为是，“我们将把留在机场的所有人以及所有可能出现的人带出来，在某个时间点，大使馆将乘公共汽车将数百人疏散到我们这里，一切都会结束。”但不幸的是，该计划遭到了破坏。
Jim Laurie, NBC News Correspondent: Vietnamese would come up to these pickup points and just try to get on the buses.
Jim Laurie，NBC 新闻记者：越南人会来到这些接送点并尝试上车。
It was word of mouth.
这是口耳相传。
Everybody in Saigon that day seemed to want to leave, and by the time I got to my pickup point, it was chaos.
那天西贡的每个人似乎都想离开，当我到达上车地点时，场面一片混乱。
Everybody knew these buses were going to be going out to Tan Son Nhut airbase and there would be an escape from Vietnam.
每个人都知道这些巴士将前往新山一空军基地，并逃离越南。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: I got a telephone call from Saigon saying that the president had given an order for us to evacuate all Americans.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉：我接到从西贡打来的电话，说总统已下令我们撤离所有美国人。
Everybody was alerted, including all the Vietnamese that I had informed.
每个人都收到了警报，包括我通知过的所有越南人。
And we got everybody down to the boats.
我们把每个人都带到了船上。
Our plan was that my deputy would bring up the rear and he would go through the consulate buildings and make sure that we had destroyed all of the sensitive material.
我们的计划是我的副手在后面，他将穿过领事馆大楼，确保我们销毁了所有敏感材料。
Staff Sgt.
参谋军士。
Hasty stayed and helped him.
哈斯蒂留下来帮助他。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: I made the last broadcast, you know, Saigon and any monitoring station, this is Can Tho Consulate signing off the air; we are evacuating.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：我做了最后一次广播，你知道，西贡和任何监测站，这是芹苴领事馆签署的广播；我们正在撤离。
And then we drove down to where Terry McNamara was loading people onboard the landing craft.
然后我们驱车前往特里·麦克纳马拉（Terry McNamara）正在将人员装载到登陆艇上的地方。
We were trying to be as unobtrusive as possible in doing so.
我们在这样做时试图尽可能不引人注目。
We did not want a repeat of Da Nang.
我们不想重蹈岘港的覆辙。
We set sail with two landing craft, packed with 18 Americans and 300 and something Vietnamese.
我们乘坐两艘登陆艇启航，船上载有 18 名美国人、300 名越南人。
The biggest concern, of course, was basically the North Vietnamese or what remnants of the VC were there would ambush us at the narrowest portion and basically we'd get our ass handed to us.
当然，最大的担忧基本上是北越人，或者那里的越共残余分子会在最狭窄的地方伏击我们，基本上我们会被交给我们。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: We got some distance from Can Tho and suddenly there were some boats that came along and they fired across our bow.
特里·麦克纳马拉（Terry McNamara），总领事：我们距离芹苴有一段距离，突然有一些船过来，向我们的船头开火。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: They were South Vietnamese navy boats, and they told us to heave to, which we did because they were extremely well armed.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：他们是南越海军船只，他们让我们靠岸，我们照做了，因为他们装备精良。
Evidentially, the orders had gone out from on high to stop, you know, anybody going out.
显然，命令是从高层下达的，要阻止任何人外出。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: They had been given orders to bring us back to Can Tho because they thought we had deserters on board.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉：他们接到命令将我们带回芹苴，因为他们认为我们船上有逃兵。
You know, military officers and people of military age.
你知道，军官和适龄军人。
There actually were a couple including the deputy Air Force commander who put on civilian clothes and snuck on the boat.
居然有包括空军副司令在内的一对夫妇，穿上便服偷偷上船。
But I wasn't going to go back to Can Tho.
但我不打算回到芹苴。
So there was a standoff in the middle of the river.
于是河中央就发生了对峙。
I asked the Vietnamese officer in charge to get in touch with the navy commander, Commodore Thang.
我请负责的越南军官与海军司令唐准将取得联系。
I had had gotten Commodore Thang's wife and children out of Saigon.
我已经把唐准将的妻子和孩子带出了西贡。
I was hoping that he would reciprocate.
我希望他能有所回报。
And he did.
他做到了。
He came down finally and in a very loud voice said, "You don't have military people on here or people of military age." And I said, "Oh no, of course not." Well, he told the sailors to stand down and we continued down the river.
他终于下来了，大声说道：“这里没有军人，也没有达到军人年龄的人。”我说：“哦，不，当然不是。”好吧，他让水手们停下来，我们继续顺流而下。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: The chances of success of going down the river were 50/50 at best.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：顺流而下的成功几率最多只有 50/50。
But we continued on nonetheless.
但我们还是继续前行。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : As the morning progressed, the helicopter evacuation was pretty well underway.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：随着时间的推移，直升机疏散工作进展顺利。
But the timing of when it would be over wasn't really our timing, it was, frankly, what the North Vietnamese would tolerate.
但结束的时间并不是我们真正的时间，坦率地说，这是北越能够容忍的时间。
How long would they stand by and let us do this?
他们会让我们这样做多久？
But that morning, Ambassador Martin received a message that said within 24 hours the U.S. presence in Vietnam had to be closed out.
但那天早上，马丁大使收到一条消息，称必须在 24 小时内关闭美国在越南的存在。
Meaning, we had to be gone.
意思是，我们必须离开。
I was part of the Four Party Joint Military Team, which was stationed out at Tan Son Nhut.
我是驻扎在新山一的四党联合军事小组的一员。
We thought, "We're going to get ordered to leave." But instead, we got orders from the ambassador, to go to the embassy and be prepared to stay after the embassy evacuated.
我们想：“我们会被命令离开。”但相反，我们接到大使的命令，去使馆并做好在使馆撤离后留下来的准备。
We were to be the sole U.S. military presence in Vietnam once the embassy evacuated and the ambassador was gone.
一旦大使馆撤离且大使离开，我们将成为越南唯一的美国军事存在。
Lock ourselves in a room and then come out when the dust is settled and introduce ourselves to the North Vietnamese.
把我们自己锁在一个房间里，等尘埃落定后出来，向北越人做自我介绍。
This was not a popular plan.
这不是一个受欢迎的计划。
But we complied.
但我们遵守了。
And around 11, 11:30, we drove to the embassy.
11点11分30分左右，我们驱车前往大使馆。
And when we got there, it was teeming with people.
而当我们到达那里时，那里已经挤满了人。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: That morning, there must have been, I would guess, at least 10,000 people literally ringing the embassy.
国务院官员约瑟夫·麦克布莱德（Joseph McBride）：那天早上，我猜肯定至少有 10,000 人给大使馆打电话。
The embassy compound was the size of a city block.
使馆大院有一个街区那么大。
It was big.
它很大。
And all sides of it were filled 2-300 feet back.
后方 2 至 300 英尺处的所有侧面都被填满了。
Fortunately, people were by in large very controlled.
幸运的是，人们总体上都受到了很好的控制。
They were very patient.
他们非常有耐心。
They were just hoping desperately to get in.
他们只是迫切地希望能够进去。
Binh Pho, College Student: It's like the whole of Saigon wants to get inside the American embassy.
Binh Pho，大学生：就像整个西贡都想进入美国大使馆一样。
So, you have to know somebody.
所以，你必须认识一个人。
You know.
你知道。
If you're like me, I find my friend and got a little paper to assure us to get in.
如果你像我一样，我会找到我的朋友并拿到一张小纸来保证我们进去。
So several of us went to the embassy.
于是我们几个人就去了大使馆。
Then my friend, he showed the paper to the guard, and he just kind of pointing to each one of us, and we, one by one, to go inside of the Embassy.
然后我的朋友，他把文件拿给警卫看，他只是指着我们每个人，然后我们一一进入大使馆。
When I first got in, I feel so good.
当我第一次进来的时候，我感觉很好。
I'm in America, I'm almost there.
我在美国，我快到了。
They have a courtyard and a swimming pool and we mostly gather around the swimming pool.
他们有一个庭院和一个游泳池，我们大多聚集在游泳池周围。
And, 1,000 people there.
而且，那里有 1,000 人。
And they just keep coming in.
他们不断涌入。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: That morning, CIA choppers began picking up evacuees off the roofs of buildings around the city and bringing them to the embassy.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：那天早上，中央情报局的直升机开始从城市周围建筑物的屋顶上接走撤离人员，并将他们带到大使馆。
There was an old pilot named O.B.
有一位老飞行员，名叫 O.B.
Harnage.** He was blind in one eye and lame in one leg, and I said, "Harnage, we got people at 6 Gia Long.
Harnage。 ** 他一只眼睛失明，一条腿跛，我说，“Harnage，我们在嘉隆六号有人。
You gotta go pick em up." It was the deputy CIA station chief's apartment building.
你得去接他们。”这是中央情报局副站长的公寓楼。
There were a number of very high-risk Vietnamese including the Defense Minister of South Vietnam, all waiting to be rescued.
包括南越国防部长在内的多名高危越南人都在等待救援。
As they climbed up the ladder to the roof, a photographer took that famous photograph.
当他们爬上梯子到达屋顶时，一位摄影师拍下了这张著名的照片。
Many people thought that was the U.S. Embassy, it wasn't.
很多人以为那是美国大使馆，其实不是。
But, it indicated to what extent chaos had descended on this entire operation.
但是，这也说明了整个行动的混乱程度。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : So the CIA choppers were bringing people to the embassy who where then supposed to go to Tan Son Nhut airbase by bus where they would magically find their way to heavy lift helicopters.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿 (Stuart Herrington)：因此，中央情报局的直升机将人们带到大使馆，然后他们应该乘坐公共汽车前往新山一空军基地，在那里他们会神奇地找到通往重型直升机的道路。
It was very clear to the citizenry that something was up and that something was probably the Americans are leaving.
公民们非常清楚，有些事情发生了，而且美国人可能正在离开。
Inside the embassy, we discovered as we walked through the buildings and the outbuildings and the swimming pool area and the social club area, everywhere we looked was teeming with Vietnamese.
在大使馆内，当我们穿过建筑物、附属建筑、游泳池区和社交俱乐部区时，我们发现到处都是越南人。
We counted them and the total number was about 2,800.
我们统计了一下，总数大约是2800人。
There was no hiding it that somehow, people had to have let these people into the embassy.
毫无疑问，人们不得不让这些人进入大使馆。
Was it, you know, marine security guards who looked the other way?
你知道，是海上保安人员对此视而不见吗？
Was it American employees in the embassy who were doing kind of what we did with black ops and taking care of their own?
是大使馆里的美国雇员在做我们对黑人行动所做的事情并照顾自己的吗？
We never got to the bottom of that, and frankly, we never pursued it.
我们从未深究过这个问题，坦率地说，我们也从未追究过它。
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: One of the marines said to me, "You know, we should take out the tailor." There was a tailor who made all of our civilian clothes.
迈克·沙利文，海军陆战队大使馆警卫：一名海军陆战队员对我说，“你知道，我们应该干掉裁缝。”有一位裁缝为我们制作了所有便服。
So, I said, "Why don't we take out the cook too?" We should take out the cook too, and all the other cooks.
所以我说：“我们为什么不把厨师也带出去呢？”我们也应该把厨师和所有其他厨师都撤掉。
They should get out, they had business with Americans.
他们应该离开，他们和美国人有生意往来。
So, they took the bread truck and they rounded up the tailor, the cooks, and the dishwashers, a few others and their families, and drove them into the embassy compound.
于是，他们开着面包车，围捕了裁缝、厨师、洗碗工、其他一些人和他们的家人，然后把他们开进了使馆大院。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : The embassy had become a refuge.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：：大使馆已成为避难所。
People were hoping to get in, and we were hoping to get people out and down to the airbase.
人们希望能够进去，而我们则希望能够让人们出去并前往空军基地。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: You couldn't have gotten to the airfield if you wanted to.
国务院官员约瑟夫·麦克布莱德：如果你愿意的话，你也无法到达机场。
The roads were totally blocked.
道路完全被封锁。
They'd forced the buses to come back.
他们强迫公共汽车回来。
So, what if the master plan to take people out by air from Tan Son Nhut doesn't work?
那么，如果从新山一乘飞机撤离的总体计划不起作用怎么办？
Where's our fall back?
我们的退路在哪里？
Where's Plan B?
B计划在哪里？
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : If we were going to bring out everybody who was inside the embassy it was obvious that there was the need for a hasty plan to be developed for a helicopter airlift out of the embassy to the fleet.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：如果我们要把大使馆内的所有人都救出来，那么显然需要仓促制定一项计划，将直升机从大使馆空运到舰队。
And we had less than 24 hours to pull it off.
我们只有不到 24 小时的时间来完成这个任务。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: There was in the parking lot of the embassy a great Tamarind tree, which the ambassador had often referred to as, "as steadfast as the American commitment in Vietnam." The CIA station chief that last morning said, "Mr. Ambassador, we have to cut this tree down."
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：大使馆的停车场有一棵巨大的罗望子树，大使经常称其“与美国在越南的承诺一样坚定”。中央情报局站长昨天早上说：“大使先生，我们必须砍掉这棵树。”
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: You could not land any large helicopters on the parking lot unless the tree and all the shrubbery was all gone.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：除非树木和所有灌木丛都消失了，否则您无法在停车场降落任何大型直升机。
The ambassador had resisted us cutting that tree because he did not want anybody to be alerted that we were doing any sort of evacuation or were going to do any sort of evacuation.
大使拒绝我们砍伐那棵树，因为他不想让任何人知道我们正在或将要进行任何形式的疏散。
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: He was upset.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：他很沮丧。
But finally he succumbed, you know, to just common sense and gave up his-- I guess you could call it a dream, and we cut it down.
但最后他屈服于常识，放弃了他的——我想你可以称之为梦想，我们把它砍掉了。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: He had also, for the past few days, prevented us from burning classified documents for fear that it would panic the South Vietnamese.
中央情报局分析师弗兰克·斯奈普：在过去的几天里，他还阻止我们焚烧机密文件，因为担心这会让南越人感到恐慌。
So, that morning of the 29th, we had thousands of pages of classified documents we had failed to destroy beforehand.
所以，29号那天早上，我们有数千页机密文件，但我们没有事先销毁。
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: Our next job was just lookin' at that classified document idea and gettin' rid of that.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：我们的下一项工作就是研究机密文件的想法并摆脱它。
So we went to every office and told them to start pulling stuff.
所以我们去了每个办公室并告诉他们开始拉东西。
And piles and piles of paper began coming out, and we began shredding.
成堆的纸开始出现，我们开始撕碎。
There was a small building where we handled the pay for the Vietnamese who worked for the embassy.
有一座小楼，我们在那里处理为大使馆工作的越南人的工资。
And in this building there was over $1 million in U.S. currency.
这座大楼里有超过100万美元的美元。
So, we had to send a message to the Navy, who sent it to the Treasury Department who came back and said, "Destroy it." So I assigned a few Marines to get rid of the money.
因此，我们必须向海军发送一条消息，海军将其发送给财政部，财政部回来说：“摧毁它。”于是我派了几名海军陆战队员去处理这笔钱。
And I said "Oh by the way, we're going to lock you in there." It took them eight hours to burn a million dollars.
我说：“哦，顺便说一下，我们要把你锁在那里。”他们花了八个小时才烧掉一百万美元。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: That morning fear and desperation were the order of the day.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：那天早上，恐惧和绝望是当天的常态。
But I had a job to do, and it was an important job to do, I thought, to deny the enemy the South Vietnamese Naval ships.
但我有工作要做，而且我认为这是一项重要的工作，就是阻止敌人接近南越海军舰艇。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): Mr. Armitage called and said, "Captain Kiem!
Kiem Do，南越海军上尉（越南语，字幕）：阿米蒂奇先生打电话说：“Kiem 船长！
We have to leave today." Some of ships were in disrepair.
我们今天必须离开。”有些船只年久失修。
Our plan was to get them running even if they had only one working engine.
我们的计划是让它们运行，即使它们只有一台工作引擎。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: We had expected, frankly, a longer time period to get ready.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：坦率地说，我们预计需要更长的时间来做好准备。
We had been told by people in our intelligence community that we might have as long as the 4th of May, but the North Vietnamese were closing in quite tightly, and clearly it was time to send the signal to leave.
情报部门的人告诉我们，我们可能会等到 5 月 4 日，但北越正在非常紧密地逼近，显然是时候发出离开的信号了。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): We had about 32 vessels that we could sail.
Kiem Do，南越海军上尉（越南语，副标题）：我们大约有 32 艘可以航行的船只。
I told Armitage that we needed as many sailors as we could muster.
我告诉阿米蒂奇，我们需要尽可能多的水手。
But they had to be allowed to bring their families on board with them.
但必须允许他们带着家人一起上船。
If they weren't, they wouldn't go.
如果不是，他们就不会去。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: I knew this, but I didn't know how many civilians were gonna be on board.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：我知道这一点，但我不知道船上会有多少平民。
I had no idea.
我不知道。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): The truth is, planning an evacuation was above my rank.
Kiem Do，南越海军上尉（越南语，副标题）：事实是，计划撤离超出了我的级别。
But if you know something is right, you must ignore the rules and follow your heart.
但如果你知道某件事是对的，你就必须无视规则并跟随你的心。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: I was the first one into the embassy, and my only mission at this time, this is early in the afternoon, was to bring the ambassador out.
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：我是第一个进入大使馆的人，此时下午早些时候，我唯一的任务就是带大使出来。
It was actually a mission that was called "embassy snatch," I was just supposed to get the ambassador.
这实际上是一个被称为“抢夺大使馆”的任务，我的任务就是抓住大使。
I land and I said to the people, I said, "I'm here to get the ambassador." Well, not quite.
我着陆后对人们说，“我是来接大使的。”嗯，不完全是。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: The ambassador refused to leave until he could get as many Vietnamese on as many choppers as possible.
弗兰克·斯奈普，中央情报局分析师：大使拒绝离开，直到他能用尽可能多的直升机运送尽可能多的越南人。
The evacuation of Vietnamese happened because Graham Martin wanted it to happen.
越南人的撤离之所以发生，是因为格雷厄姆·马丁希望它发生。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: So, they loaded some Vietnamese on my helicopter, and because I'm supposed to have the ambassador on board, we go right to the command ship, the USS Blue Ridge.
杰拉尔德·贝里，海军陆战队飞行员：所以，他们在我的直升机上装载了一些越南人，因为我应该让大使在机上，所以我们直接前往指挥舰，美国海军蓝岭号。
We land on the Blue Ridge, General Carey comes out, wants to know where the ambassador is.
我们降落在蓝岭上，凯里将军出来，想知道大使在哪里。
I said, "Well, he didn't get on." I mean, I don't know who I'm supposed to tell, but I told everybody I was supposed to get the ambassador but the ambassador didn't get on.
我说：“好吧，他没上来。”我的意思是，我不知道我应该告诉谁，但我告诉每个人我应该去找大使，但大使没有上来。
So that starts the lift.
这样电梯就开始了。
Like I said, we had 75 Marine Corps helicopters.
正如我所说，我们有 75 架海军陆战队直升机。
You and your wingman would fly into the embassy, get your passengers loaded and fly back out to the ships.
你和你的僚机将飞进大使馆，让你的乘客上车，然后飞回船上。
It was a little over an hour, back and forth.
来来回回也就一个多小时了。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : On the USS Kirk, our mission was to protect the helicopters moving from the embassy out to the aircraft carriers and back and forth.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：在柯克号航空母舰上，我们的任务是保护从大使馆到航空母舰之间往返的直升机。
We were very close to the action.
我们非常接近行动。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : You could stand there on the deck, and you could watch it all happen.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：你可以站在甲板上，观看这一切发生。
We thought that the USS Kirk would just going to be an observer to this whole thing when all of a sudden, on radar, we started seeing these little blips coming out from the shore.
我们以为柯克号航空母舰只会成为整个事件的观察者，突然间，在雷达上，我们开始看到这些小光点从海岸上冒出来。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): I really don't know where to start.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：我真的不知道从哪里开始。
We looked up at the horizon and all you could see were helicopters all heading towards us.
我们抬头望向地平线，只能看到一架架直升机正朝我们飞来。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : These were not Marine Corps helicopters.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：这些不是海军陆战队直升机。
They were small helicopters, the little Hueys, which were never part of the evacuation plan.
它们是小型直升机，即小型休伊直升机，从来不属于疏散计划的一部分。
But they were flying over top of us.
但他们飞过我们头顶。
We were watching them fly over top over and over and over again.
我们一遍又一遍地看着它们飞过山顶。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : We viewed them as enemy until we could verify who it, who it was, and then we realized that these were South Vietnamese trying to escape.
柯克号舰艇长保罗·雅各布斯：我们将他们视为敌人，直到我们能够核实是谁，然后我们意识到这些人是试图逃跑的南越人。
I figured if we could save one, at least we'd save 15-20 people.
我想，如果我们能救一个人，至少可以救 15 到 20 个人。
They were packed in there like sardines.
他们像沙丁鱼一样挤在那里。
So I made the decision: land the helicopter.
于是我做出了决定：让直升机降落。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : One of our sailors could speak rudimentary Vietnamese.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：我们的一名水手会说初级越南语。
So we put him on the radio and he started broadcasting.
所以我们把他放在广播里，他开始广播。
"This is ship 1087.
“这是1087号船。
Land here."
在这里着陆。”
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): So, we got his attention.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：所以，我们引起了他的注意。
He came flying over and landed on our flight deck.
他飞过来并降落在我们的飞行甲板上。
And uh, turned out that the pilot, he was the pilot for the deputy chairman of the joint chiefs of staff.
嗯,原来那个飞行员,他是参谋长联席会议副主席的飞行员,.
Real high up.
真高啊
And he had the general with him; it was a two star general.
他身边还有将军；这是一位二星将军。
And uh…the two star general's nephew.
还有呃……二星将军的侄子。
Three women, about four children.
三个女人，大约四个孩子。
It was a big deal for us.
这对我们来说是一件大事。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : When it landed, we got everything off.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：当它着陆时，我们把所有东西都放下了。
And I looked up because there were five, six, seven stacked up, ready to land.
我抬起头，因为有五、六、七艘船已经堆积起来，准备降落。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : Turned out, all throughout the southern part of Vietnam, there were South Vietnamese army and air force installations with one or two or three or four helicopters, and those helicopters were flyable, their pilots were there.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：事实证明，在整个越南南部地区，都有南越陆军和空军设施，拥有一架、两架、三架或四架直升机，这些直升机是可以飞行的，飞行员也在那里。
And when they realized that the evacuation was happening and they weren't going to be part of it, they said, "Oh yeah, we are."
当他们意识到疏散正在发生而他们不会参与其中时，他们说：“哦，是的，我们是。”
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer USS Kirk : These young Vietnamese pilots would go to their homes, land right in their front yards, pick up their families and anybody else and head out to sea hoping they could rendezvous with a ship.
柯克号舰艇长保罗·雅各布斯：这些年轻的越南飞行员会回家，在他们的前院降落，接上他们的家人和其他人，然后出海，希望能够与一艘船会合。
Well, we're one of the first ships they saw.
嗯，我们是他们看到的第一批船之一。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): Our flight deck will only take one helicopter at a time landing.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：我们的飞行甲板一次只能容纳一架直升机着陆。
There are no wheels on them, they just have skids.
它们上面没有轮子，只是有防滑装置。
We couldn't think of what else to do, these other planes were looking for a place to land, so we just, just, physically pushed them.
我们想不出还能做什么，这些其他飞机正在寻找降落的地方，所以我们只是，只是，用身体推动它们。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : Of course, this was a big old helicopter, thousands of pounds, so we had to figure out how to get it 15 feet over to the edge of the flight deck.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：当然，这是一架大型老式直升机，重达数千磅，因此我们必须弄清楚如何将其移至飞行甲板边缘 15 英尺之外。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : You don't have time to think about what you did, you just had to do it.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：你没有时间去思考你做了什么，你必须这么做。
So, we opened up our flight deck, and they begin to land, one right after the other.
于是，我们打开驾驶舱，它们开始着陆，一个接一个。
Some of them are shot at, holes in them.
其中一些被射击，其中有洞。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : Most of the Vietnamese who came out, I'm talking about the flight crews, they were heavily armed.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：大多数出来的越南人，我说的是机组人员，他们全副武装。
All with sidearms, some with M-16 rifles.
所有人都配备了随身武器，有些还配备了 M-16 步枪。
They had no idea what was going to happen so they came out ready for anything, really.
他们不知道会发生什么，所以他们真的做好了一切准备。
So, we had to disarm them.
所以，我们必须解除他们的武装。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): None of them had ever landed on a ship before, they were Vietnamese air force.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：他们之前没有人登陆过舰艇，他们是越南空军。
Everybody had a gun, we took the guns away from them.
每个人都有枪，我们从他们手中夺走了枪。
And about five minutes later, another one came in and landed.
大约五分钟后，另一架飞机进来并着陆。
And uh, we pushed his airplane over the side.
呃，我们把他的飞机推到一边。
That was the second one, I helped pushed that one over too.
那是第二个，我也帮忙推倒了那个。
Then the third plane came in.
然后第三架飞机飞来了。
It landed also.
也落地了。
We pushed it over the side.
我们把它推到一边。
So meanwhile we've thrown three helicopters in the water so far.
目前为止我们已经将三架直升机扔进了水里。
This is incredible.
这太不可思议了。
I know you probably don't believe any of this, but it's all true.
我知道你可能不相信这些，但这都是真的。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : By late afternoon, the chopper flow at the embassy really started.
斯图尔特·赫林顿 (Stuart Herrington)，陆军上尉： 下午晚些时候，大使馆的直升机真正开始流动。
And each time a bird came in, here would go another 40, 50 people.
每有一只鸟飞进来，这里就会有另外 40 到 50 个人飞进来。
But did the right mix of people get out?
但合适的人员组合是否离开了呢？
And who says that these were the people who either deserved or should have gone out?
谁说这些人应该或应该出去？
At the embassy, a lot of the people who got out happened to be good wall jumpers.
在大使馆，很多出来的人碰巧都是跳墙高手。
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: The choppers started coming in at 10-minute intervals.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：直升机开始每隔 10 分钟飞来一次。
One would land on the roof, and one would land on the parking lot.
一架会降落在屋顶上，一架会降落在停车场上。
They would put all the Vietnamese in groups, they would search them and if they had any weapons, all those weapons were thrown into the swimming pool.
他们会把所有越南人分成几组，对他们进行搜查，如果他们有任何武器，所有这些武器都会被扔进游泳池。
And as soon as the chopper would land, they would be brought into the restricted area where a couple of the marines would escort them into the aircraft.
一旦直升机着陆，他们就会被带到禁区，由几名海军陆战队员护送他们进入飞机。
Then they would raise the ramp up and take off.
然后他们会升起坡道并起飞。
Binh Pho, College Student: I remember I talk to my friend and he said, "Oh, it's our turn now, we're almost there." You know so, we're all excited.
Binh Pho，大学生：我记得我和我的朋友交谈，他说：“哦，现在轮到我们了，我们快到了。”你知道的，我们都很兴奋。
And I remember very distinctly that every time a helicopter coming down, it just blew us away.
我清楚地记得，每次直升机降落时，我们都会被震飞。
We have to duck down to fight with the wind of the chopper.
我们必须低头躲避直升机的狂风。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : Three of the choppers that came in each landed a platoon of 40 marines from the task force.
斯图尔特·赫林顿 (Stuart Herrington)，陆军上尉：： 每架三架直升机将特遣部队的一个排 40 名海军陆战队员降落。
They had to be brought in because we didn't have enough marines in the embassy security guard to secure the walls.
他们必须被带进来，因为我们使馆保安中没有足够的海军陆战队员来保护墙壁。
Dam Pham, Lieutenant, South Vietnamese Army: I went with my wife to the embassy.
Dam Pham，南越陆军中尉：我和妻子一起去了大使馆。
A lot of people, they clenched to the top of the wall but they couldn't get in.
很多人，紧紧抓住墙顶，却进不去。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : Each gate was besieged like that, although the side gate was the principle place where they came.
斯图尔特·赫林顿，陆军上尉：：尽管侧门是他们来到的主要地点，但每个大门都像这样被围困。
People holding letters saying, you know, "I worked for the Americans, please let me in." Journalists were arriving and counting on being recognized to be let in by the marines.
人们拿着信说，你知道，“我为美国人工作，请让我进去。”记者们陆续抵达，指望被海军陆战队认出并放行。
Dam Pham, Lieutenant, South Vietnamese Army: There was a sea of people wanting to get out by helicopters.
南越陆军中尉 Dam Pham：有一大群人想要乘坐直升机逃生。
But, well, they looked up at the helicopters leaving and I could see their eyes.
但是，好吧，他们抬头看着直升机离开，我可以看到他们的眼睛。
Desperate eyes.
绝望的眼神。
Miki Nguyen: My dad flew a Chinook helicopter in the South Vietnamese air force.
Miki Nguyen：我父亲在南越空军驾驶一架支奴干直升机。
He had been waiting for orders but his captain had, you know, basically just left.
他一直在等待命令，但他的队长，你知道，基本上刚刚离开。
So he and some other pilots picked out the best Chinooks and took off.
于是他和其他一些飞行员挑选了最好的支奴干飞机并起飞了。
He said it was the Wild West at this point.
他说现在是狂野西部。
Just you and your horse and you just do what you had to do to survive and take care of your family.
只有你和你的马，你只是做你必须做的事情来生存和照顾你的家人。
He had given my mom a heads up if she did hear a Chinook coming to get ready.
如果我妈妈确实听到支奴干来准备，他就会提前通知她。
I was six and a half years old.
那年我六岁半。
I can still hear the rumbling, a very, you know, familiar rumbling of a Chinook.
我仍然能听到隆隆声，一种非常、你知道、熟悉的契努克式隆隆声。
When you hear the Chinook coming, you know it's coming.
当你听到奇努克来的时候，你就知道它来了。
I knew my dad was coming.
我知道我爸爸会来。
In Saigon, during my childhood, it was like, say, living in the middle of busy LA.
在西贡，在我的童年时期，就像生活在繁忙的洛杉矶市中心。
So, there's really not a big area to land the Chinook.
所以，确实没有很大的区域可以降落“支奴干”。
So he came in and landed in a playfield.
于是他进来并降落在操场上。
Caused a lot of wind, caused a lot of commotion.
引起了很大的风浪，引起了很大的骚动。
My mom grabbed my little sister, who was about six months at that time and a little brother who was about three or four years old and myself.
我妈妈抓住了我当时大约六个月大的妹妹、一个大约三四岁的弟弟和我自己。
We quickly ran into the Chinook, and we all flew off out into the Pacific Ocean.
我们很快就撞上了支奴干飞机，然后我们就飞进了太平洋。
My dad was afraid for not having enough fuel.
我爸爸担心没有足够的燃料。
Afraid for a lot of things.
害怕很多事情。
He was just flying blind.
他只是盲目地飞行。
Then he just saw a ship out there.
然后他就看到外面有一艘船。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): In the middle of the day, after we'd taken those first helicopters aboard, this huge helicopter called a Chinook.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：中午，在我们将第一批直升机送上船后，这架名为“支奴干”的巨大直升机出现了。
It came out and tried to land on the ship.
它出来并试图降落在船上。
Oh, we almost...
哦，我们几乎...
the thing almost crashed aboard our ship.
那东西差点在我们的船上坠毁。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : This big Chinook showed up.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：这艘大支奴干出现了。
There's no way he could land on Kirk without impacting the ship.
他不可能在不撞到船的情况下降落在柯克岛。
He would have killed everybody on this helicopter plus my crew.
他会杀死这架直升机上的所有人以及我的机组人员。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : It was way too big to land.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：它太大了，无法着陆。
We thought that the helicopter would just fly away.
我们以为直升机会飞走。
But as the ship was moving forward probably four, five, six knots, something like that, the pilot communicated that he was running low on fuel.
但当船以大约四、五、六节的速度前进时，飞行员报告说他的燃料即将耗尽。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : He opened up the port side of the helicopter and hovered across the stern of the Kirk .
柯克号舰艇长保罗·雅各布斯：他打开了直升机的左舷，在柯克号的船尾盘旋。
Then, all of a sudden, here comes a human.
然后，突然间，来了一个人类。
Miki Nguyen: One by one, we jump out.
Miki Nguyen：我们一一跳了出来。
I jumped out, my brother jumped out.
我跳了出来，弟弟也跳了出来。
My mom was holding my, my sister.
我妈妈抱着我，我妹妹。
Obviously, very scared.
显然，非常害怕。
And she just, you know, trustingly, just with one hand, with her right hand, holding on with her left to brace herself, you know, just, dropped my baby sister.
她只是，你知道，充满信任地，只是用一只手，用右手，用左手支撑着自己，你知道，只是放下了我的小妹妹。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : One fella is standing there and he said he looked up and saw this big bundle of stuff come flying out and it was a baby, it was the one-year old baby.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：一个小伙子站在那里，他说他抬头看到一大堆东西飞出来，那是一个婴儿，是一岁大的婴儿。
And then the mother jumped out and he caught her too.
然后妈妈跳了出来，他也抓住了她。
Then the pilot flew out on our starboard right side.
然后飞行员从我们的右舷右侧飞出。
He hovered with his wheels in and out of the water.
他的轮子在水中进进出出地盘旋。
He hovered there for like 10 minutes and we couldn't figure out what was doing and it turned out what he was doing was taking his flight suit off.
他在那儿盘旋了大约 10 分钟，我们不明白他在做什么，结果发现他正在脱掉飞行服。
Here's a man flying a twin rotor helicopter by himself and at the same time he's taking off a flight suit.
这是一名男子独自驾驶双旋翼直升机，同时脱下飞行服。
How you do it, I've talked to helicopter pilots and they can't figure out how he did that.
你是怎么做到的，我和直升机飞行员谈过，他们不明白他是怎么做到的。
You know, like a Houdini, trying to get out of this thing.
你知道，就像胡迪尼一样，试图摆脱这件事。
And finally, he made the helicopter roll to the right as he stepped out the door on the left.
最后，当他走出左边的门时，他让直升机向右滚转。
Miki Nguyen: Just thunderous loud noise.
Miki Nguyen：只是雷鸣般的巨响。
The shrapnel is just blowing up.
弹片刚刚爆炸。
And suddenly, just quiet.
突然间，一切都安静了。
And he pops up, and he's alive.
他突然出现了，他还活着。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : And he swam away.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：然后他就游走了。
The helicopter was only about 20 feet from him when he hit the water.
当他落水时，直升机距离他只有大约20英尺。
It was amazing.
太棒了。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): We went out and picked him up -- he was none the worse for wear, he was a little bit wet, only one unfortunate thing is he had some small bars of gold which was all his worldly possessions that were in his shirt pocket and it sank.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：我们出去接了他——他的磨损并没有恶化，他有点湿，唯一不幸的是他有一些小金条，这是他所有的世俗财产，放在他的衬衫口袋里，然后金条沉了下去。
So he lost everything.
于是他失去了一切。
He didn't own a thing but his underwear when he finally came aboard the ship.
当他最终登上船时，除了内衣之外，他什么都没有了。
He was a tremendous pilot.
他是一位出色的飞行员。
The guy was just so cool and calm.
这家伙是如此冷静和冷静。
We've so far taken a total of 17 helicopters.
到目前为止，我们总共乘坐了 17 架直升机。
We ended up with 157 people aboard this ship.
最终这艘船上共有 157 人。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : That crew was very special.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：那群船员非常特别。
They went, they took their money, went to the Navy exchange or commissary, bought all the clothes and food they could get, took it up and gave it to the refugees they had befriended.
他们去了，他们拿了钱，去了海军交易所或小卖部，买了所有能买到的衣服和食物，拿起来送给了他们结识的难民。
They were unbelievable.
他们难以置信。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): We laid mats and all kinds of blankets and stuff out on the deck for the babies, and there were all kinds of-- there were infants and children and women, and oh, it was a- it was a scene I'll never forget.
休·多伊尔，柯克号航空母舰总工程师（档案音频）：我们在甲板上为婴儿铺了垫子和各种毯子之类的东西，那里有各种各样的——有婴儿、儿童和妇女，哦，那是——这是一个我永远不会忘记的场景。
Miki Nguyen: We were happy.
Miki Nguyen：我们很高兴。
My mom was just, you know, wow.
我妈妈只是，你知道，哇。
Symbolically, it was like, the first step onto not American soil but American freedom.
象征性地，这就像踏上美国自由的第一步，而不是美国的土地。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: We continued down the river, our landing craft in the lead.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：我们继续沿河而下，我们的登陆艇在前面。
We were, you know at this point, four or five hours from Can Tho.
你知道，此时我们距离芹苴有四五个小时的路程。
It's a metal landing craft.
这是一艘金属登陆艇。
The sun is beating down, it's hotter than hell.
太阳当空，比地狱还热。
A less than pleasant voyage.
一次不太愉快的航行。
When suddenly, whoosh, bam!
突然，嗖嗖，嘭！
Somebody fired a B40 rocket at us.
有人向我们发射了 B40 火箭。
We immediately started returning fire.
我们立即开始还击。
We weren't sure who the dip-wad was that was opening up on us, but we continued blazing away as we got past the ambush site.
我们不确定向我们发起进攻的小伙子是谁，但当我们经过伏击地点时，我们继续开火。
We said, "Alright.
我们说：“好吧。
That was just a taste of what's coming.
这只是即将发生的事情的一个尝鲜。
Once we hit the absolute narrowest portion, that's where we're really going to be in danger." Stack the ammo because this one's gonna be ugly.
一旦我们到达绝对最狭窄的部分，那就是我们真正处于危险之中的地方。”把弹药堆起来，因为这个会很丑。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: The people on the boat were scared.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉：船上的人都很害怕。
We had to go through narrow channels between the islands.
我们必须穿过岛屿之间的狭窄通道。
If we're gonna really get, get hit, it'll be there.
如果我们真的要受到打击，它就会在那里。
But, just at that point, dark clouds formed in the sky and it started raining like hell.
然而就在这时，天空乌云密布，倾盆大雨倾盆而下。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: Could not see the bow of the landing craft from the stern and that's 60 feet.
Steve Hasty，海军陆战队领事馆警卫：从船尾看不到登陆艇的船头，那是 60 英尺。
The noise of the rain hitting the water on the river was so loud that it muffled the sound of our engines.
雨打在河面上的声音是如此之大，以至于我们的发动机的声音都被掩盖了。
And this continued on for about 25 minutes.
这种情况持续了大约 25 分钟。
It was long enough to get us through the most dangerous part of the trip.
这足够长的时间让我们度过了旅途中最危险的部分。
And as the rain started to let up, we had reached the area of the river past the channel, past the little islands where it opened up into a broad river again.
随着雨势开始减弱，我们已经到达了经过河道的河流区域，经过了一些小岛屿，河流再次汇入一条宽阔的河流。
So somebody was looking out for us that day.
所以那天有人在照顾我们。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: I remember looking back at the sun setting over the Mekong Delta, which is a beautiful place, and thinking, "Well, I'll never see this again." I had gotten very attached to Vietnam.
总领事特里·麦克纳马拉（Terry McNamara）：我记得当时我看着湄公河三角洲的日落，那是一个美丽的地方，我想：“好吧，我再也见不到这样的景象了。”我对越南非常依恋。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: As we came out into the South China Sea, it got dark and every now and then I would fire off a couple of flares, just in hopes that, you know, maybe there is a ship out there.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：当我们进入南中国海时，天色已经黑了，我时不时地会发射几颗照明弹，只是希望，你知道，也许那里有一艘船。
Nothing.
没有什么。
And then we saw a faint light on the horizon, and as we got a little bit closer, we could see that they were the lights of a ship's rigging.
然后我们看到地平线上有微弱的光，当我们靠近一点时，我们可以看到它们是船上索具的光。
So, we said what the heck?
所以，我们说到底是什么？
So we made for it.
所以我们就这么做了。
We came up alongside and somebody shouted, "Get rid of your weapons.
我们走到旁边，有人喊道：“放下你的武器。
Nobody comes aboard with weapons." So I yelled, "We're Marines and we're coming aboard with our weapons." Well, as it turned out, the guys yelling down were Marines.
没有人携带武器上船。”所以我喊道：“我们是海军陆战队员，我们带着武器上船。”好吧，事实证明，那些大喊大叫的人是海军陆战队员。
Terry McNamara, Consul General: It was an American freighter, the Pioneer Contender.
特里·麦克纳马拉，总领事：那是一艘美国货轮，先锋竞争者号。
They took us aboard.
他们带我们上了船。
And I had 300 people with me.
和我一起的有 300 人。
The got them into the hold of the ship.
他们把他们带进了船舱。
Steve Hasty, Marine Consulate Guard: All our Vietnamese remained on the Pioneer Contender.
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂（Steve Hasty），海军陆战队领事馆警卫：我们所有的越南人都留在了先锋竞争者号上。
We made sure they were taken care of and the Pioneer Contender was going to Guam.
我们确保他们得到照顾，先锋竞争者号将前往关岛。
We knew they were safe.
我们知道他们很安全。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: When we started the evacuation, we were very very excited about it.
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：当我们开始疏散时，我们感到非常非常兴奋。
Then, your next emotion probably was just determined to get this job done and get these people out.
然后，你的下一个情绪可能就是决心完成这项工作并让这些人离开。
And then, later, as it went on, you became fatigued and frustrated that you could never make a dent in the amount people that were coming out of the embassy.
然后，随着事情的继续，你变得疲惫和沮丧，因为你永远无法减少从大使馆出来的人数。
You'd ask questions like, "Was the crowd getting any smaller?
你会问这样的问题：“人群变少了吗？
When are we gonna finish this?" You know, and they'd say, you know, "We're under orders from the ambassador, we're doing the best we can".
我们什么时候能完成这件事？”你知道，他们会说，你知道，“我们奉大使之命，我们正在尽力而为”。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : The carrier pilots were saying, "Look, it's an uncontrollable sea of people and Ambassador Martin has lost his objectivity.
斯图尔特·赫林顿，陆军上尉：：航母飞行员说，“看，这是一片无法控制的人海，马丁大使已经失去了客观性。
That Ambassador Martin is trying to evacuate all of Saigon through the U.S. embassy." But he was doing his best under terrible circumstances.
马丁大使正试图通过美国大使馆撤离整个西贡。”但他在恶劣的情况下竭尽全力。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: Ambassador Martin was dragging out the evacuation as long as he could to get as many South Vietnamese out as possible.
国务院官员约瑟夫·麦克布莱德：马丁大使正在尽可能拖延撤离时间，以便让尽可能多的南越人撤离。
Each helicopter took about 40 people.
每架直升机可搭载约40人。
He knew that once the Americans were gone, the evacuation would be over.
他知道，一旦美国人走了，撤离就结束了。
So they just put one or two Americans on each one.
所以他们只在每艘船上放一两个美国人。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: You're very tired, and you're not seeing an end to this thing.
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：你很累，而且你看不到这件事的结束。
So we got the word out, you know, "We could use some help out here, we only have 75 helicopters." And the word comes back "No. No, Marine pilots don't get tired."
所以我们发出了消息，你知道，“我们需要一些帮助，我们只有 75 架直升机。”然后这个词又回来了：“不。不，海军陆战队飞行员不会累。”
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : Back at the Embassy under the Ambassador's direction we of course were taking advantage of the presence of the aircraft to evacuate threatened folks.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：：回到大使馆后，在大使的指导下，我们当然是利用飞机的存在来疏散受威胁的人员。
But there were other independent efforts to get people out.
但还有其他独立的努力来让人们离开。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: Several of us at the Embassy agreed that we would drive vans down to the docks on the Saigon River.
约瑟夫·麦克布莱德，国务院官员：我们大使馆的几个人同意我们将开货车到西贡河的码头。
I had an assigned assembly point in the middle of Saigon, and I crammed about 15 people into a nine-person van and then drove through the streets of Saigon through various checkpoints down to the docks.
我在西贡市中心有一个指定的集合点，我把大约 15 个人塞进一辆 9 人货车，然后开车穿过西贡的街道，通过各个检查站到达码头。
People would get out and go running for these commercial boats and get on.
人们会下车跑向这些商船并上船。
I made a number of runs and there'd just be more and more and more people.
我跑了好几次，人越来越多。
Finally, as the sun was going down, we're running out of light.
最后，当太阳落山时，我们的光线即将耗尽。
Man came up to me.
男人向我走来。
I turned to him and said, "This is, this is my last load.
我转向他说：“这是，这是我最后的负担。
I can't take anymore." I said, "Get your family." And he said, "Can't do it.
我不能再忍受了。”我说：“带上你的家人吧。”他说：“做不到。
My family's too big...
我的家族太大了...
My family's too big." And he just shook my hand and said, "Thanks for trying." And walked away.
我的家族太大了。”他只是握着我的手说：“谢谢你的尝试。”然后走开了。
Joseph McBride, State Department Officer: So, I came back to the embassy and parked the, parked the van.
约瑟夫·麦克布莱德（Joseph McBride），国务院官员：所以，我回到大使馆，停好了货车。
It was already getting well into twilight.
此时已经快要进入黄昏了。
Got my way through the crowd, it was a big crowd.
我穿过人群，人群很大。
I had nothing more I could do.
我无能为力。
So, I went to get on the helicopter.
于是，我就上直升机了。
And Ambassador Martin pulled me out of line and he said, "I know what you've been doing.
马丁大使把我从队伍中拉了出来，他说：“我知道你在做什么。
I know you've been out there, we've been talking.
我知道你一直在外面，我们一直在说话。
I wanna thank you." I thought that was a kind gesture.
我想谢谢你。”我认为这是一个善意的举动。
By that time, it was definitely dark.
那个时候，天肯定已经黑了。
The lights of the helicopter inside radiated very clearly.
直升机内部的灯光照射得非常清楚。
I sat down, looked around.
我坐下来，环顾四周。
I was one of maybe two or three Americans.
我可能是两三个美国人之一。
The rest were all Vietnamese.
其余的都是越南人。
And we flew out.
然后我们就飞出去了。
Binh Pho, College Student: It was very dark.
Binh Pho，大学生：天很黑。
I remember that.
我记得。
And people started to elbow each other try to get in the front line.
人们开始互相肘击，试图冲到前线。
And that's when the Captain Herrington started speaking to us in Vietnamese.
就在那时，赫林顿船长开始用越南语与我们交谈。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : (Speaks Vietnamese).
Stuart Herrington，陆军上尉：：（说越南语）。
Nobody is gonna be left behind.
没有人会被抛在后面。
(Speaks Vietnamese).
（说越南语）。
Binh Pho, College Student: And then he said, um, "When you are in American embassy, you are in American soil.
Binh Pho，大学生：然后他说，嗯，“当你在美国大使馆时，你就在美国的土地上。
I promise, me and my soldier will be the last one to leave the embassy." So after that announcement, everybody feel relaxed.
我保证，我和我的士兵将是最后一个离开大使馆的人。”所以消息公布后，大家都松了口气。
Literally, we're so relaxed we have nothing to worry about.
从字面上看，我们很放松，没有什么可担心的。
Yeah.
是的。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: We were told that the North Vietnamese tanks were coming very close.
亨利·基辛格，国务卿：我们被告知北越坦克已经非常接近了。
So, we asked, we in the White House, asked the Defense Department, how many South Vietnamese were left?
所以，我们问，我们在白宫，问国防部，还剩下多少南越人？
Left meant, inside the embassy compound.
左指的是使馆内。
And then we calculated how many helicopters it would take to get them out.
然后我们计算了需要多少架直升机才能把他们救出来。
We told Martin that he had to be on the last helicopter.
我们告诉马丁他必须乘坐最后一架直升机。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : All I know is that in Washington, there was confusion about the numbers on the ground.
斯图尔特·赫林顿（Stuart Herrington），陆军上尉：：我所知道的是，在华盛顿，当地的数字存在混乱。
At 1am, there were 1,100 people left to evacuate.
凌晨1点，还有1100人需要疏散。
After we'd had a flurry of choppers, and cleaned out more than half of them and there were 420 people left.
我们出动了一阵直升机，清理了一半以上，剩下 420 人。
We received an order from Washington that the lift was over other than the extraction of the remaining Americans.
我们收到华盛顿的命令，除了撤离剩余的美国人外，电梯已经结束。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: About four in the morning, 4:30, I land on the USS Blue Ridge again.
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：大约凌晨四点，4:30，我再次降落在蓝岭号航空母舰上。
So, General Carey comes out, gives me an apple and a cup of coffee or something and says, "We're under orders from the president.
于是，凯里将军走了出来，给了我一个苹果和一杯咖啡之类的东西，然后说：“我们是奉总统命令的。
You've got to get the ambassador out." So we fly in, I land on the roof exactly at 4:50 in the morning and I said, "I'm not leaving until the ambassador is onboard."
你必须把大使赶出去。”所以我们飞了进去，我在凌晨 4:50 准时降落在屋顶上，我说：“在大使登机之前我不会离开。”
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: One of the marines lowered the flag, folded it up, and escorted the ambassador up to the landing zone up on top of the embassy, and he gave him the flag, and that was it.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹，海军陆战队大使馆警卫：一名海军陆战队员降下旗帜，将其折叠起来，护送大使前往大使馆顶部的着陆区，然后他把旗帜交给了他，就这样。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : Major Kean came to Colonel Madison, said "No more.
斯图尔特·赫林顿，陆军上尉：：基恩少校来到麦迪逊上校面前，说道：“没有了。
Only Americans from this point on." And Madison said, "The hell you say.
从现在起只有美国人。”麦迪逊说：“你说的见鬼。
We've got these people over here." And Kean said, "Sir, not gonna happen.
我们这里有这些人。”基恩说：“先生，这不会发生。
It's a presidential order".
这是总统命令”。
And Madison said, "I'll take this up with the ambassador." He was very hot under the collar, and Kean said, "You can't.
麦迪逊说：“我会和大使讨论这件事。”他的衣领下很热，基恩说：“你不能。
That's him." And pointed to the CH-46 that was just flying away.
就是他。”并指着刚刚飞走的CH-46。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: So the ambassador's on board.
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：所以大使在船上。
And, out we go.
然后，我们出发了。
We land on the Blue Ridge , 15 or 20, maybe 25 people get off with the Ambassador, and that was the end of it.
我们降落在蓝岭，15 或 20 人，也许 25 个人和大使一起下车，就这样结束了。
I flew 18.3 hours straight through.
我直接飞行了 18.3 小时。
Graham Martin looked very tired.
格雷厄姆·马丁看上去很疲惫。
Extremely haggard.
憔悴之极。
I mean, he looked like, I'm sure the pressure was immense.
我的意思是，他看起来，我确信压力是巨大的。
Gerald Berry, Marine Pilot: We could still be flying if we hadn't gotten the ambassador out because he refused to stop the lift
杰拉尔德·贝里（Gerald Berry），海军陆战队飞行员：如果我们没有救出大使，我们仍然可以飞行，因为他拒绝停止升降机
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : Colonel Madison says to me, "We're screwed.
斯图尔特·赫林顿，陆军上尉：麦迪逊上校对我说，“我们完蛋了。
Stu, you stay down here in the parking lot and keep these 420 people warm." Meaning, if they see us all leave at the same time, they'll panic.
Stu，你留在停车场，让这 420 个人保持温暖。”这意味着，如果他们看到我们同时离开，他们会惊慌失措。
"And then make your way to the roof.
“然后朝屋顶走去。
We gotta go." And he was very angry and very disappointed.
我们得走了。”他非常生气，也非常失望。
So they disappeared into the embassy.
于是他们就消失在大使馆里了。
And I went to where the remaining Vietnamese were waiting.
我去了剩下的越南人等待的地方。
And I told them, (speaks Vietnamese) "Big helicopters about to come." And um, waited a few minutes.
我告诉他们，（用越南语）“大型直升机即将到来。”嗯，等了几分钟。
Then, I saw a chopper take off and I thought, "Shit, was I supposed to be on that one?"
然后，我看到一架直升机起飞，我想，“妈的，我应该坐在那架飞机上吗？”
So, I looked at the Vietnamese and I said, (speaks Vietnamese) "I gotta take a leak".
所以，我看着越南人，我说，（说越南语）“我得泄气”。
And I left into the shadows.
然后我就离开了阴影。
I made my way around in a circuitous route and went into the embassy.
我绕了一条弯路，进了使馆。
I thought about how this really really was wrong.
我想这真的是错误的。
I thought maybe I should just say I'm not leaving.
我想也许我应该说我不会离开。
Until they go.
直到他们走。
Cause I promised them.
因为我答应过他们。
And then I said, don't be a fool.
然后我说，别傻了。
Maybe they've started shooting down helicopters for all you know.
据你所知，也许他们已经开始击落直升机了。
You're not going to get anybody else out.
你不会让其他人出去的。
It's a presidential order.
这是总统令。
This decision has been made.
这个决定已经做出了。
So, I got to the roof and a CH-46 alighted on the rooftop, put its ramp down, and we got on board.
于是，我到达了屋顶，一架 CH-46 降落在屋顶上，放下坡道，我们就上了飞机。
As it took off, the door was open.
飞机起飞时，门是开着的。
And down in the parking lot, I could see the group of 420 of them, they were right were we had left them marshaled on this little patch of grass.
在停车场，我可以看到 420 个人，他们是对的，我们把他们集中在这片小草地上。
I felt absolutely awful.
我感觉非常糟糕。
It was just so serious and deep a betrayal.
这是一次如此严重和深刻的背叛。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : Late that night, I was quite surprised that I got a call to come alongside the flagship; the admiral wants to speak to you.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：那天深夜，我很惊讶地接到电话要我到旗舰旁边；海军上将想和你说话。
My first reaction, as any CO is "what did we do?" not realizing we had been picked for a special mission.
和任何 CO 一样，我的第一反应是“我们做了什么？”没有意识到我们被选中执行一项特殊任务。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk : We were supposed to pick up this, this person.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔：我们应该找到这个人。
He was 30 years old, came aboard, civilian clothes.
他30岁，上船时穿着便服。
And Captain was just told to take his direction from this guy.
队长刚刚被告知要听从这个家伙的指挥。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: I went aboard the Kirk and met with Captain Paul Jacobs.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：我登上柯克号并会见了保罗·雅各布斯上尉。
And the first thing he said to me is "Young man, I'm not accustomed to strange civilians coming aboard my ship armed in the middle of the night." And I was like, "Captain, I assure you, neither am I."
他对我说的第一句话是“年轻人，我不习惯陌生的平民在半夜携带武器登上我的船。”我当时想，“队长，我向你保证，我也不是。”
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : He smelled like a Naval Officer, you know.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：你知道，他闻起来像海军军官。
You know one officer can smell another one.
你知道一名警官可以闻到另一名警官的气味。
So, I looked him up in the blue book, he's a graduate Naval Academy.
所以，我在蓝皮书上查了他，他是海军学院的毕业生。
So, from that point on, we were fine.
所以，从那时起，我们就很好了。
"What do you want to do?
“你想做什么？
And we'll work together as a team."
我们将作为一个团队一起工作。”
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: We steamed down to Con Son Island, and we could see on the radar display that there were a lot of blips.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：我们驶向昆山岛，我们可以在雷达显示屏上看到有很多光点。
And I remember the dawn breaking and the sun coming up, seeing what I had seen as a radar display in person.
我记得黎明破晓，太阳升起，亲眼目睹了我所看到的雷达显示。
There were dozens of ships.
有数十艘船。
And not just Vietnamese naval ships but also civilian ships.
不仅是越南海军舰艇，还有民用船只。
And they were all totally crammed with people.
他们都挤满了人。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : There were no words to describe what a ship looks like that holds 200 and it's got 2,000 on it.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：无法用言语来形容一艘可容纳 200 人的舰艇是什么样子，而且上面有 2,000 人。
I don't think anybody really understood the magnitude of it until we looked at what we got in front of us.
我认为在我们看到眼前的情况之前，没有人真正理解它的严重性。
It looked like something out of Exodus.
它看起来像是出埃及记中的东西。
Our mission was to help the ships into international waters.
我们的任务是帮助船只进入国际水域。
But now they had all these people.
但现在他们拥有了所有这些人。
My reaction is "How the hell are we gonna do this?" Most of the Vietnamese navy ships were dead in the water.
我的反应是“我们到底要怎么做呢？”越南海军舰艇大部分已死在水中。
Some were anchored, some were just adrift.
有些是抛锚的，有些只是随波逐流。
So, we sent over engineering, technical people to see what we could do to help them, and get em underway.
因此，我们派了工程、技术人员来看看我们能做些什么来帮助他们，并让他们开始工作。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: Some of these ships had been hit by enemy fire coming down the Saigon River.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：其中一些船只被西贡河上的敌人火力击中。
One of the boats had been hit and sinking, so it went alongside one of the other Vietnamese Navy ships.
其中一艘船被击中并沉没，因此它与其他一艘越南海军舰艇并排行驶。
A wooden plank was thrown between the two ships for the civilians and navy personnel on the damaged ship to cross onto the ship that wasn't.
两艘船之间被扔了一块木板，以便受损船上的平民和海军人员能够跨上另一艘没有受伤的船。
The seas were rolling and it was a somewhat precarious passage.
大海波涛汹涌，航程有些危险。
At one point, a young Vietnamese man panicked as a young girl, I remember, was walking across this plank and he kind of rushed ahead of her and she fell between the two ships.
我记得，有一次，一名年轻的越南男子惊慌失措，因为一名年轻女孩正在走过这块木板，他冲到了她前面，她跌倒在两艘船之间。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): Apparently one of the Vietnamese men pushed a girl.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：显然，其中一名越南男子推了一名女孩。
She was killed.
她被杀了。
She was drowned between the two ships, and that almost started a panic.
她在两艘船之间被淹死，这几乎引发了恐慌。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: A Vietnamese sailor immediately shot this guy and then order was restored.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：一名越南水手立即开枪射杀了这个家伙，然后秩序就恢复了。
Hugh Doyle, Chief Engineer, USS Kirk (archival audio): They said, "There will be no pushing and there will be no shoving on this ship." People calmed down greatly after that.
柯克号航空母舰总工程师休·多伊尔（档案音频）：他们说，“这艘船不会有推挤，也不会有推搡。”众人这才平静了许多。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: We had worked a plan out to sail the ships to the Philippines.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：我们制定了一项计划，将船只驶往菲律宾。
And, the Kirk was going to escort them.
而且，柯克号将护送他们。
But the fact that they're going to be crammed with an unknown number of civilians was somewhat problematic.
但事实上，他们将挤满数量未知的平民，这多少有些问题。
The U.S. government already had a refugee problem with the U.S. naval ships.
美国政府已经在美国海军舰艇上遇到了难民问题。
This was another 30 or more thousand people to deal with.
这还需要对付三万或更多人。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : We were up all night talking about it.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：我们彻夜未眠地谈论这件事。
And I'm convinced that if we had sent them back or took them back they would have killed them all.
我相信，如果我们把他们送回去或带回来，他们就会把他们全部杀掉。
And Armitage decided to bring them.
阿米蒂奇决定带上它们。
He didn't get permission from Washington to do that.
他没有得到华盛顿的许可这样做。
Richard Armitage, Special Forces Advisor: I thought it was a lot easier to beg forgiveness than to get permission.
理查德·阿米蒂奇，特种部队顾问：我认为请求原谅比获得许可容易得多。
So the decision was made, and they all went with us.
于是决定了，他们都跟我们去了。
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: We had finally got out the, the last of the refugees that we could get out.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：我们终于救出了我们能救出的最后一批难民。
Now we had to evacuate the Marines.
现在我们必须撤离海军陆战队。
They were all inside the embassy building.
他们都在使馆大楼内。
Except for us.
除了我们。
I was still on Embassy grounds, with two of my sergeants.
我和我的两名中士仍在大使馆内。
And I said, "You two stay right with me.
我说：“你们两个就留在我身边。
Don't leave my side." We slowly walked backwards to the embassy door and a couple of Vietnamese came towards me.
不要离开我的身边。”我们慢慢地倒退到大使馆门口，几个越南人向我走来。
I said, "We have no more helicopters.
我说：“我们没有直升机了。
That's it.
就是这样。
I'm sorry.
对不起。
We cannot take you." And they began to argue with me.
我们不能带走你。”他们开始和我争论。
They spoke good English, too.
他们的英语也说得很好。
"We can ride in your helicopter." I said, "I'm sorry, no more." So I spun around and slammed these huge doors, and we locked it from behind.
“我们可以乘坐你的直升机。”我说：“对不起，别再说了。”于是我转过身，关上这些巨大的门，然后我们从后面锁上了它。
Binh Pho, College Student: I kind of fall asleep off and on, but what gets me woke up is the noise.
Binh Pho，大学生：我时断时续地睡着，但让我醒来的是噪音。
It's a different noise.
这是一种不同的噪音。
So I kind of look up.
所以我有点抬头看。
And the first thing in my sight, was, I didn't see that soldier there anymore, on that wall.
我首先看到的是，在那堵墙上，我再也没有看到那个士兵了。
There were people were throwing blankets or jackets and materials over the barb wire so they can climb over the wire to come in.
有人把毯子、夹克和材料扔到倒刺铁丝网上，这样他们就可以爬过铁丝网进来。
It was like, "Where are the soldiers?"
就像“士兵在哪里？”
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: We were going up the stairs.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：我们当时正在上楼梯。
Below me I could hear feet running on the stairway.
我能听到下面楼梯上有脚步声。
When we got to the roof, Master Sergeant Valdez was there.
当我们到达屋顶时，瓦尔迪兹军士长就在那里。
I says, "We got everybody?" "Yeah." "Man, there's somebody chasing me up those stairs."
我说：“我们都到齐了吗？” “是的。” “伙计，有人追我上楼梯。”
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: There were wall lockers up on the roof and those big fire extinguishers with wheels so we, we tilted all those wall lockers and the fire extinguishers, put them against the door.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：屋顶上有壁式储物柜和带轮子的大型灭火器，所以我们倾斜所有壁式储物柜和灭火器，将它们靠在门上。
There was a little window there that we could see them in there.
那里有一扇小窗户，我们可以看到他们在那里。
All the Vietnamese trying to get to the roof.
所有越南人都想爬上屋顶。
The Marines started going out as choppers came in.
当直升机进来时，海军陆战队开始出动。
Then all of a sudden, choppers all cease.
然后突然间，所有直升机都停了下来。
There was 11 of us still left there.
我们还有 11 个人留在那里。
Ron Nessen, White House Press Secretary (archival): The briefing was delayed until the evacuation was completed and the last helicopters are now in the air.
白宫新闻秘书罗恩·内森（档案）：简报被推迟到疏散完成并且最后一架直升机现在已升空。
The President commends the personnel of the Armed Forces who accomplished it, as well as Ambassador Graham Martin and the staff of his mission who served so well under difficult conditions.
总统赞扬完成这一任务的武装部队人员，以及格雷厄姆·马丁大使及其在困难条件下表现出色的代表团工作人员。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: We were told that Martin had left on the last helicopter.
亨利·基辛格，国务卿：我们被告知马丁已乘坐最后一架直升机离开。
And that the evacuation had ended.
疏散已经结束。
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State (archival): I'm confident that every American who wanted to come out, uh, is, is out
国务卿亨利·基辛格（档案）：我相信每一个想要出柜的美国人，呃，都已经出柜了
Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State: So we held a briefing.
国务卿亨利·基辛格：我们举行了一次通报会。
Well, turned out not to be the last helicopter because there was another horrendous screw up.
好吧，结果这不是最后一架直升机，因为又发生了一次可怕的事故。
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: There were no helicopters.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：没有直升机。
And we were just kinda sitting down around, looking at each other.
我们只是坐在一起，互相看着对方。
Wondering, you know, "what's going to happen to here," you know, whether they had truly forgotten about us.
想知道，你知道，“这里会发生什么”，你知道，他们是否真的忘记了我们。
Mike Sullivan: So, I got on my radio and I began saying "U.S. Navy, U.S. Navy, American embassy, request extraction immediate." And I repeated this over and over and over.
迈克·沙利文：所以，我打开收音机，开始说“美国海军，美国海军，美国大使馆，请求立即撤离。”我一遍又一遍地重复这句话。
The only option we had was sit on the stupid roof like a sitting duck.
我们唯一的选择就是像鸭子一样坐在愚蠢的屋顶上。
And I kept thinking, "Where are the North Vietnamese?"
我一直在想，“北越人在哪里？”
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: About 7:45 in the morning, we could start seeing North Vietnamese coming down the road.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队使馆警卫：早上 7 点 45 分左右，我们开始看到北越人沿路而来。
My thoughts were, "what's to keep them from bombing the top of the embassy roof and blowing us off," You know?
我的想法是，“怎样才能阻止他们轰炸大使馆屋顶并把我们炸飞，”你知道吗？
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: A tank is going to take one shot.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：一辆坦克将开一枪。
If it hits the building, you're gone.
如果它击中建筑物，你就消失了。
So, I didn't like the idea of being up there.
所以，我不喜欢在那里的想法。
But where else are you gonna go?
但你还能去哪里呢？
Finally I looked out and I saw a black dot.
最后我向外望去，看到了一个黑点。
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: When that chopper landed, I told the marines, "Go, get in." I was the last one out.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹，海军陆战队使馆警卫：当直升机着陆时，我告诉海军陆战队员，“走，进去。”我是最后一个出去的。
And as I was putting my foot on the ramp, I fell down, and I'm just hanging on, and the ramps going up…
当我把脚放在坡道上时，我摔倒了，我只是坚持住，坡道正在上升……
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: The ramp is closing and I did what I was trained in my first tour.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：坡道即将关闭，我做了第一次旅行中接受的训练。
Count.
数数。
So, I went "One, two, three, four, five, six...
于是，我就“一、二、三、四、五、六……”
ten.
十。
Ten?
十个？
One, two, three, four, five, six...
一、二、三、四、五、六……
ten.
十。
Ten!" And I looked at the crew chief, and I said, "Put it down." I knew I was missing one man.
十个！”我看着机组长，说：“把它放下。”我知道我缺少一个人。
I remember looking at the ramp and two hands were over the top of it.
我记得我看着坡道，两只手放在坡道顶部。
Juan Valdez, Marine Embassy Guard: So the marines just kinda grabbed me, and then just pulled me in.
胡安·瓦尔迪兹（Juan Valdez），海军陆战队大使馆警卫：所以海军陆战队只是抓住了我，然后就把我拉了进去。
Mike Sullivan, Marine Embassy Guard: We left, by my watch at 7:58, Saigon time.
迈克·沙利文（Mike Sullivan），海军陆战队使馆警卫：根据我的手表，我们于西贡时间 7 点 58 分离开。
And we were the last 11.
我们是最后11名。
Jim Laurie, NBC News Correspondent: My cameraman Neil Davis and I decided to stay.
吉姆·劳瑞 (Jim Laurie)，NBC 新闻记者：我和我的摄影师尼尔·戴维斯 (Neil Davis) 决定留下来。
We saw the last helicopter leave from the roof.
我们看到最后一架直升机从屋顶起飞。
We then tried to scramble into the embassy ourselves.
然后我们试图自己爬进大使馆。
Neil got to the roof.
尼尔爬上了屋顶。
I did not.
我没有。
And he saw dozens of Vietnamese just sitting on the helicopter pad on the roof of the embassy, waiting, wanting to get out.
他看到数十名越南人正坐在大使馆屋顶的直升机停机坪上等待，想要离开。
And of course, no more helicopters were gonna to come.
当然，不会有更多的直升机来了。
Binh Pho, College Student: I didn't join them.
Binh Pho，大学生：我没有加入他们。
I actually scared.
我其实很害怕。
If the communist come in, the last thing we want them to see us at American embassy.
如果共产党进来了，我们最不希望他们在美国大使馆看到我们。
So we get out.
所以我们出去。
Jim Laurie, NBC News Correspondent: People were coming in and out of the buildings.
NBC 新闻记者 Jim Laurie：人们进出建筑物。
Literally, anything that could not be fastened down or was not fastened down was being taken away.
从字面上看，任何不能固定或没有固定的东西都被拿走。
Any souvenirs from the ambassador's office were taken away.
大使办公室的所有纪念品都被拿走了。
Almost brick by brick, the embassy was being dismantled.
大使馆几乎一砖一瓦地被拆除。
It was ordinary looting...
这只是普通的抢劫……
but more than that, I think I was just frustration and anger and an opportunity to get back, perhaps, at the Americans because, in the view of many in the crowd that day, we had deserted them.
但更重要的是，我认为我只是感到沮丧和愤怒，也许是一个报复美国人的机会，因为在那天人群中的许多人看来，我们抛弃了他们。
John Chancellor, NBC News (archival): NBC news correspondent Jim Laurie is one of the few Americans still left in Saigon.
约翰·钱斯勒（John Chancellor），NBC 新闻（档案）：NBC 新闻记者吉姆·劳里（Jim Laurie）是仍留在西贡的少数美国人之一。
In the city, when President Duong Van Minh went on the radio and told the Viet Cong that his country would surrender unconditionally, and that he had told its army to lay down its arms.
在该市，当杨文明总统通过广播告诉越共，他的国家将无条件投降，他已要求越南军队放下武器。
Here from Saigon radio hookup is Laurie's report on the surrender.
这是来自西贡广播电台的劳里关于投降的报告。
Jim Laurie, NBC News Correspondent (archival audio): In the words of General Minh, we are here to hand over the power of government to you in order to avoid bloodshed.
NBC 新闻通讯员吉姆·劳瑞（Jim Laurie）（档案音频）：用明将军的话来说，我们来这里是为了将政府权力移交给你，以避免流血。
It is a unilateral cease-fire and an unconditional surrender.
这是单方面停火和无条件投降。
The 30 year war in South Vietnam is at last over.
长达30年的南越战争终于结束了。
Dam Pham, Lieutenant, South Vietnamese Army: The first thing I did was to destroy my documents; my badges, just keeping the civilian ID.
Dam Pham，南越陆军中尉：我做的第一件事就是销毁我的文件；我的徽章，只保留平民身份证。
And then I went around Saigon to see what happened.
然后我到西贡去看看发生了什么。
I saw a lot of South Vietnamese soldiers in underwear.
我看到很多南越士兵只穿内衣。
They took off all their military clothes, boots, and they threw them away.
他们脱掉所有的军装、军靴，然后扔掉。
And I thought, "Well, what would happen to them?
我想，“那么，他们会发生什么？
And to me, to myself?" Right.
那么对于我，对于我自己呢？”正确的。
I thought of my friends who were killed in action and I thought, "Well, is this what we fought for?
我想起那些在战斗中阵亡的朋友，我想：“这就是我们为之奋斗的目标吗？
Is this what the Americans came for?" And I didn't have the answer.
这就是美国人来的目的吗？”我没有答案。
Frank Snepp, CIA Analyst: I have wrestled with this ever since.
弗兰克·斯奈普（Frank Snepp），中央情报局分析师：从那时起我就一直在努力解决这个问题。
I realized that I had become the quintessential American in Vietnam.
我意识到我已经成为越南典型的美国人。
I had all these causes, all these big things I was doing.
我有所有这些原因，我正在做所有这些大事。
I was trying to get the truth back to Washington.
我试图将真相带回华盛顿。
I was talking to agents, trying to persuade the ambassador, and I forgot that what was at stake were human lives.
我正在与特工交谈，试图说服大使，但我忘记了这关系到人的生命。
Binh Pho, College Student: For years after that, I hear that sound in my head, that sound like "Tchk-tchk-tchk-tchk".
Binh Pho，大学生：在那之后的很多年里，我的脑海里总是听到那种声音，听起来像“Tchk-tchk-tchk-tchk”。
In the middle of the night, I just jump up and thought the helicopter come pick me up.
半夜，我跳了起来，以为直升机会来接我。
I called it "dream in the wind." Later we found out, "the big fleet is out there; you can just take a boat and go there.
我把它称为“风中的梦”。后来我们才知道，“外面有大舰队，你只要坐船就可以过去。
They, they, they take everybody.
他们，他们，他们带走了所有人。
If you can get out there, you're on board." And I just didn't know that.
如果你能出去，你就上船了。”我只是不知道这一点。
You know, so...
你知道，所以...
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : As we approached the Philippines with our refugees, there was a big problem.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：当我们带着难民接近菲律宾时，出现了一个大问题。
They wouldn't let us in, and the reason they wouldn't let us in is because the government there had recognized the new regime in Vietnam and these navy ships we were escorting were all flying South Vietnamese flags.
他们不让我们进去，不让我们进去的原因是那里的政府已经承认了越南的新政权，而我们护送的这些海军舰艇都悬挂着南越国旗。
And the solution was to reflag all these ships as American ships.
解决方案是将所有这些船只重新标记为美国船只。
Kiem Do, Captain, South Vietnamese Navy (in Vietnamese, subtitled): I asked the Admiral of the U.S. Navy to allow us to perform a solemn flag-lowering ceremony for the ships.
南越海军上校Kiem Do（越南语，副标题）：我请求美国海军上将允许我们为舰艇举行庄严的降旗仪式。
I had sung my anthem many times, but never before had I felt like I did on that day.
我曾多次唱过我的国歌，但我从来没有像那天那样有过这样的感觉。
I was 42 years old, an old fox on the sea.
那年我42岁，是一只海上的老狐狸。
I couldn't hold back my tears.
我忍不住流下了眼泪。
I realized I had lost everything.
我意识到我已经失去了一切。
I had lost my beloved country.
我失去了我深爱的国家。
Paul Jacobs, Commanding Officer, USS Kirk : They lowered their Vietnamese flag, people crying.
柯克号航空母舰指挥官保罗·雅各布斯：他们降下了越南国旗，人们在哭泣。
It was very emotional for them to lose their country, their flag, their ship.
失去他们的国家、他们的旗帜、他们的船对他们来说是非常激动的。
Everything is gone.
一切都消失了。
And then we raised the American flag; we tried to do that with as much dignity as we could.
然后我们升起了美国国旗；我们尽力以尽可能有尊严的方式做到这一点。
Stuart Herrington, Army Captain: : There were thousands and thousands of Americans who served in Vietnam who were sitting at home heartbroken at watching this whole thing come to naught.
陆军上尉斯图尔特·赫林顿：有成千上万在越南服役的美国人坐在家里，看着这整件事化为泡影，心碎不已。
The end of April of 1975 was the whole Vietnam involvement in a microcosm.
1975年4月底是整个越南介入的一个缩影。
Promises made in good faith, promises broken.
真诚地做出承诺，却违背了承诺。
People being hurt because we didn't get our act together.
人们因为我们没有齐心协力而受到伤害。
You know, the whole Vietnam War is a story that kinda sounds like that.
你知道，整个越南战争就是一个听起来有点像这样的故事。
But on the other hand, sometimes there are moments when good people have to rise to the occasion and do the things that need to be done.
但另一方面，有时候，有些时候，好人必须挺身而出，做需要做的事情。
And, in Saigon, there was no shortage of people like that.
而且，在西贡，不乏这样的人。
Slate: In the last days of the Vietnam war, some 130,000 South Vietnamese managed to escape, including 77,000 by events described in this film.
Slate：在越南战争的最后几天，大约 130,000 名南越人成功逃脱，其中 77,000 人是通过影片中描述的事件逃脱的。
Slate: Of those left behind, hundreds of thousands were sent to re-education camps.
Slate：在那些留下来的人中，有数十万人被送往再教育营。
Many died of disease and starvation.
许多人死于疾病和饥饿。
An unknown number were executed.
未知人数被处决。
Slate: After landing in the Philippines, Kiem Do reunited with his wife and children.
Slate：抵达菲律宾后，Kiem Do 与妻子和孩子团聚。
Slate: Later that year, they arrived in the United States.
Slate：那年晚些时候，他们到达了美国。
Slate: Bin Pho was arrested and spent over a year in a re-education camp.
Slate：Bin Pho 被捕并在再教育营度过了一年多的时间。
Slate: He escaped Vietnam by boat and arrived in the United States in 1979.
Slate：他乘船逃离越南，于1979年抵达美国。
Slate: Dam Pham was arrested and sent to a re-education camp.
Slate：Dam Pham 被捕并被送往再教育营。
Slate: After 13 years of hard labor, he was released and made his way to America.
Slate：经过13年的苦役后，他被释放并前往美国。
*In Last Days in Vietnam , interviewee Frank Snepp states, "The prearranged signal for the evacuation was broadcast on American Radio in Saigon.
*在《越南的最后日子》中，受访者弗兰克·斯奈普表示：“预先安排的撤离信号在西贡的美国广播电台播出。
The message was, 'The temperature is 105 and rising,' and then Bing Crosby’s 'White Christmas.' And sure enough, about 10 o’clock in the morning, there was Bing Crosby on the airwaves." In many minds, this is how it is remembered, and this is what is reflected in the film.
消息是：“气温为 105 度，并且还在上升”，然后是宾·克罗斯比 (Bing Crosby) 的“白色圣诞节”。果然，上午 10 点左右，广播里就出现了宾·克罗斯比 (Bing Crosby) 的节目。”在很多人心目中，这就是它的记忆，这也是电影中所反映的。
In reality, when the evacuation began, the Americans running ARS were unable to find Bing Crosby's version in their music library so they broadcast the Tennessee Ernie's version of "White Christmas" instead.
事实上，当疏散开始时，运行 ARS 的美国人无法在他们的音乐库中找到宾·克劳斯比 (Bing Crosby) 的版本，因此他们转而播放田纳西州厄尼 (Ernie) 版本的“白色圣诞节”。
**The helicopter that landed on the apartment rooftop was piloted by Bob Caron.
**降落在公寓屋顶的直升机由鲍勃·卡伦驾驶。
While O.B.
而 O.B.
Harnage was a pilot featured in the iconic image, it was Caron at the controls.
哈纳奇是标志性图像中的一名飞行员，驾驶的是卡隆。
There are over 300 PBS Stations across the country, with many sharing history right from their own backyard.
全国有 300 多个 PBS 电视台，其中许多电视台都在自家后院分享历史。
Check out more stories of the lasting impact of the war in Vietnam from California, Illinois, Minnesota, Nevada, Texas, and Georgia.
查看来自加利福尼亚州、伊利诺伊州、明尼苏达州、内华达州、德克萨斯州和佐治亚州的更多有关越南战争持久影响的故事。
Filmmaker Rory Kennedy discusses the parallels between America’s final days in Vietnam and Afghanistan.
电影制片人罗里·肯尼迪讨论了美国在越南和阿富汗最后日子的相似之处。
In April of 1975, the North Vietnamese Army was closing in on Saigon as South Vietnamese resistance was crumbling.
1975 年 4 月，北越军队逼近西贡，而南越的抵抗正在崩溃。
On the ground, American and South Vietnamese took matters into their own hands to evacuate as many people as possible.
在地面上，美国和南越自行处理此事，疏散尽可能多的人。
Watch the opening scene of Last Days in Vietnam .
观看《越南最后的日子》的开场场景。
As North Vietnamese forces swept into Saigon in April of 1975, one family risked everything to escape.
1975 年 4 月，当北越军队席卷西贡时，一个家庭冒着一切危险逃亡。
When a South Vietnamese helicopter was too large to land on the U.S. Navy ship, the USS Kirk , the family on board had to make a leap of faith.
当一架南越直升机太大而无法降落在美国海军柯克号军舰上时，船上的家人不得不做出一次信念的飞跃。
Watch Last Days in Vietnam with Vietnamese subtitles.
观看带有越南语字幕的越南最后的日子。
American Experience Executive Producer Mark Samels discusses why the events depicted in Last Days in Vietnam are a critical chapter in American history.
《美国体验》执行制片人马克·萨梅尔斯讨论了为什么《越南最后的日子》中描述的事件是美国历史上的关键章节。
Stuart Herrington recalls the struggle of members of the South Vietnamese military who stayed behind to fight while their families were evacuated.
斯图尔特·赫林顿 (Stuart Herrington) 回忆起南越军人在家人被疏散时留下来战斗的经历。
Kiem Do, a colonel in the South Vietnamese Navy, remembers the solemn flag-lowering ceremony aboard the U.S.S.
南越海军上校 Kiem Do 还记得美国海军舰艇上庄严的降旗仪式。
Kirk after the fall of Saigon.
西贡沦陷后的柯克。
With so many South Vietnamese helicopters landing on the USS Kirk , the crew had no choice but to push the helicopters overboard once they'd unloaded their passengers.
由于大量南越直升机降落在柯克号航空母舰上，船员们在卸下乘客后别无选择，只能将直升机推入水中。
U.S. military men took matters into their own hands to get their South Vietnamese counterparts out of the country before the North Vietnamese reached Saigon.
美国军人亲自出手，在北越军队抵达西贡之前将南越军队赶出该国。