Hard Hat Riot

AMERICAN EXPERIENCE FILMS:

美国体验电影：

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: Word came down that there’s going to be a demonstration.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：有消息称将举行示威活动。

We got a major war going on, we got our soldiers being killed and then you have demonstrators who seem to be rooting for the other side.

我们正在进行一场重大战争，我们的士兵被杀，然后示威者似乎支持另一方。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: : Whether the government is right or wrong, with a war, you should support the troops.

丹尼斯·米尔顿（丹尼斯·米尔顿），钢铁工人：无论政府是对还是错，发生战争时，你都应该支持军队。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: And you take that flag and throw it on the floor and step on it?

丹·罗西（DAN ROSSI），钣金工人：然后你把那面旗帜扔到地板上并踩在上面？

You’ve just made it personal.

你刚刚把它变成了个人的。

MICHAEL BALZANO, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: We watched that riot, and I thought what we were looking at was the beginning of a class struggle between, let's call them a university elite, and the working class.

尼克松总统助手迈克尔·巴尔扎诺：我们目睹了那场骚乱，我认为我们看到的是大学精英和工人阶级之间阶级斗争的开始。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Richard Nixon will seize this moment and shift the Republican Party from Blue Bloods to Blue Collar.

大卫·保罗·库恩，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：理查德·尼克松将抓住这个时机，将共和党从蓝血转向蓝领。

[AND] ultimately write a culturally populist playbook that would guide Republican candidates for more than a half century after.

[并且]最终写出一本文化民粹主义剧本，将在半个多世纪后指导共和党候选人。

GARY LABARBERA, PRESIDENT, NYC BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION TRADES COUNCIL: Hardhat.

GARY LABARBERA，纽约市建筑贸易委员会主席：安全帽。

Hard is the right word.

困难是正确的词。

This is a tough industry to work in.

这是一个很难工作的行业。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: You're working on cooling towers on a building that's 50 stories high and the wind's blowing.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：您正在一座 50 层高、风在吹的建筑物上建造冷却塔。

And it's wintertime.

现在是冬天。

And it's sleeting.

还下着雨夹雪。

And you're working outside.

而你却在外面工作。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: Over on the World Trade Center, you could trip and fall out.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：在世界贸易中心，你可能会绊倒并摔倒。

Believe me.

相信我。

They had no barriers.

他们没有任何障碍。

They had no safety lines for you.

他们没有给你安全线。

You held on for dear life.

你为了亲爱的生命而坚持下去。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: When I was a 19-year-old kid, my uncle and I get assigned to the 20th floor.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：当我还是个 19 岁的孩子时，我和叔叔被分配到 20 楼。

So I proceed to walk out on about a 15-inch beam, which is pretty wide.

于是我继续沿着一根大约 15 英寸的横梁走出去，这根横梁相当宽。

And the far fall is on my left, which is 20 stories.

远处的瀑布在我的左边，有 20 层楼高。

And I froze.

我愣住了。

I'm standing there.

我站在那里。

My uncle's yelling at me, “What's the matter, kid?

叔叔对我大喊：“怎么了，孩子？

What's the matter, kid?” I said, “I can't move.” After a while, you learn how to walk steel.

怎么了，孩子？”我说：“我不能动。”过了一段时间，你就学会了如何行走钢铁。

And you do what you have to do.

你做你必须做的事。

When you work hard, and you finish up a day's work, it's nice to look up in the air and say, wow, we did a great job here.

当你努力工作，完成一天的工作时，很高兴抬头看看空中，说，哇，我们在这里做得很棒。

I feel very proud of it, I'll be honest with you.

我对此感到非常自豪，我会诚实地告诉你。

We left our mark on New York City in the construction industry.

我们在纽约市的建筑行业留下了自己的印记。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : It’s the second skyscraper age in New York City.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：这是纽约市的第二个摩天大楼时代。

Thousands of workers are downtown remaking New York City’s skyline.

数千名工人正在市中心重塑纽约市的天际线。

But two America’s are emerging.

但两个美国正在崛起。

Construction workers see from their steel perches above, an antiwar movement on the streets below that is cheering for Ho Chi Minh, cheering for those harming American boys overseas.

建筑工人从上面的钢制高处看到下面街道上的反战运动正在为胡志明欢呼，为那些在海外伤害美国男孩的人欢呼。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Richard Nixon won the presidency ultimately by promising to end the war in Vietnam with honor and to bring stability to the nation's tumult.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《硬帽骚乱》作者：理查德·尼克松最终赢得了总统职位，他承诺光荣地结束越南战争，并为国家的骚乱带来稳定。

Then, shockingly, at the end of April this Cambodia announcement makes it feel like the war is expanding.

然后，令人震惊的是，四月底柬埔寨的这一声明让人感觉战争正在扩大。

This explodes on campuses nationwide.

这在全国校园里引起了轰动。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: When the Cambodian incursion happened, I was ready to be involved in a revolution, because we can act on this!

哈利·博尔斯，学生：当柬埔寨入侵发生时，我已经准备好参与一场革命，因为我们可以采取行动！

We can move forward with this.

我们可以继续推进这个工作。

We can – this is when it can happen.

我们可以——这就是它可以发生的时候。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: To us, as the working stiff, let's put it– or blue-collar, you would just have people go to college to beat the draft.

丹尼斯·米尔顿（丹尼斯·米尔顿），钢铁工人：对于我们来说，作为工作僵化的人，或者蓝领，你只会让人们上大学来击败选秀。

And they had money, and they let the working class people fight the wars.

他们有钱，他们让工人阶级去打仗。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: I knew early on that I was going to go into the service.

丹·罗西（DAN ROSSI），钣金工人：我很早就知道我要从事这项工作。

I thought it was something that you're supposed to do.

我以为这是你应该做的事情。

And I was 17 years old.

那年我17岁。

I joined before I graduated high school.

我高中毕业前就加入了。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT: No war since the Civil War had asked more of those with less.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《安全帽骚乱》：自内战以来，没有哪场战争对那些拥有较少资源的人提出了更高的要求。

The people doing the fighting and dying in the Vietnam War are overwhelmingly blue-collar and impoverished whites or struggling Blacks.

在越南战争中参战和死亡的人绝大多数是蓝领和贫困的白人或苦苦挣扎的黑人。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, STUDENT: My first year of college, a good friend of mine, he had his cousin who was a soldier over at his house.

大卫·弗里德曼，学生：我大学一年级，我的一个好朋友，他的表弟是一名士兵，在他家里。

And this cousin of his was serving in Vietnam.

他的这个表弟正在越南服役。

I asked him, “Well, what about the people that we’re helping?” He said, “They hate us.

我问他：“那么，我们正在帮助的人呢？”他说：“他们恨我们。

They all hate us.” It didn't make any sense.

他们都讨厌我们。”这没有任何意义。

Why were we there trying to help people that hated us?

为什么我们要帮助那些恨我们的人？

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON, Aide to President Nixon: The cause for American involvement in Vietnam really related to the so-called “Domino Theory.” If one country fell to the communist control it would start a whole collapse of other contiguous countries.

斯蒂芬·布尔，尼克松总统的助手，尼克松总统的助手：美国介入越南的原因确实与所谓的“多米诺骨牌理论”有关。如果一个国家落入共产党的控制，其他毗邻国家就会全面崩溃。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: When I was in Vietnam, I flew medevacs to help people.

丹·罗西 (DAN ROSSI)，钣金工人：当我在越南时，我驾驶医疗后送飞机来帮助人们。

I knew going in there that we were going to go into a hot zone.

我知道进入那里我们将进入一个危险区域。

People were going to shoot us.

人们要向我们开枪。

We can't shoot back.

我们无法还击。

I knew it.

我就知道。

But there was somebody down there that needed help.

但下面有人需要帮助。

RAY MELVILLE, LATHER: You're going out into hostile areas.

雷·梅尔维尔（LATHER）：你们要去敌对地区。

You were hunting them and they were hunting you.

你在追捕他们，他们也在追捕你。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: As far as picking up dead Marines, that always gets a little churn in you.

丹·罗西（DAN ROSSI），钣金工人：说到捡起死去的海军陆战队员，你总是会感到有点不安。

I started to carry the wounded and dead.

我开始搬运伤员和死者。

And we carried a lot of guys.

我们带了很多人。

One guy was there with a bag, putting pieces in the bag.

一个人拿着一个袋子在那里，把碎片放进袋子里。

And that was our baptism.

这就是我们的洗礼。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: During Vietnam, compared to the Park Avenue crowd, the odds were stacked against us, the working class, white kids in Brooklyn.

学生大卫·塞德霍特：在越南期间，与公园大道的人群相比，我们这些工人阶级、布鲁克林的白人孩子的处境很不利。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: As soon as I arrived at NYU, where the film school was pretty young, I became strongly anti-war.

哈利·博尔斯，学生：当我到达纽约大学时，那里的电影学院还很年轻，我就变得强烈反战。

And my experience at NYU, was a real radicalizing thing.

我在纽约大学的经历是一件真正激进的事情。

There was this feeling that we have to fight this.

有一种感觉我们必须与之抗争。

We have to.

我们必须。

This is awful.

这太糟糕了。

Nixon, he announced the incursion.

尼克松，他宣布了入侵。

And at NYU, somehow there was a gathering of lots of people, students.

在纽约大学，不知怎的，聚集了很多人，学生。

And it was a pretty radical group.

这是一个相当激进的团体。

We were all in a room.

我们都在一个房间里。

And we were like talking about what could we do, what could we do.

我们就像在谈论我们能做什么，我们能做什么。

Street Scenes, MARTIN SCORSESE : It's going to fold up in three days.

街景，马丁·斯科塞斯：三天后就会折叠起来。

But Bruce Tabor, Bruce Tabor-Fields--

但是布鲁斯·塔博尔、布鲁斯·塔博尔-菲尔兹——

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: Marty Scorsese, who was our teacher, he was an advisor.

哈利·博尔斯（HARRY BOLLES），学生：马蒂·斯科塞斯（Marty Scorsese），他是我们的老师，也是一名顾问。

We respected him.

我们尊重他。

And he was helpful.

他很乐于助人。

And so we called ourselves the Cinetracts Collective.

所以我们称自己为 Cinetracts Collective。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: The whole idea was that it was the information arm of the revolution on the East Coast.

哈利·博尔斯，学生：整个想法是，它是东海岸革命的信息部门。

So we would produce these films and send them down to Florida or North Carolina or wherever and we were going to distribute them.

因此，我们会制作这些电影并将它们发送到佛罗里达州或北卡罗来纳州或任何地方，然后我们将分发它们。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: Watching TV at night, that's all you heard was the war protest, the war protest, the war protest.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：晚上看电视时，你听到的就是战争抗议、战争抗议、战争抗议。

And you didn't hear much about support of the troops.

而且你没有听到太多有关军队支持的消息。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: This little card was probably the center of our universe.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：这张小卡片可能是我们宇宙的中心。

It was going to tell your future.

它会告诉你的未来。

We were pulling towards this big 1969 change with the draft.

我们正通过选秀来推动 1969 年的这一重大变革。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : This draft lottery starts for the first time since World War II.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：这次选秀抽签是自二战以来首次启动。

And a lower number means they're more likely to go to war.

数字越低意味着他们更有可能发动战争。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: The evening of the lottery, it was a scene for me because all of our friends gathered at a local bar.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：抽奖当晚，这对我来说是一个场景，因为我们所有的朋友都聚集在当地的一家酒吧。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: And they had it on TV, and it was almost like you'd see a bingo game.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：他们在电视上播放了它，几乎就像你看到宾果游戏一样。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: A number of my friends were called very early on.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：我的一些朋友很早就接到了电话。

And then there was my friend Georgie, and he was watching.

然后是我的朋友乔吉，他正在观看。

And he drew number nine, which was very, very early in the lottery.

他抽到了九号，这在彩票中是非常非常早的。

And the bartender said, oh, he stumbled out of here about a half an hour ago.

酒保说，哦，他大约半小时前跌跌撞撞地离开这里。

Georgie had managed to go out and work and save money to buy a Camaro, which for working class kids like us was a big deal.

乔吉设法出去工作，攒钱买了一辆科迈罗，这对于像我们这样的工人阶级孩子来说是一件大事。

So when we arrived at his car, he had spray painted the number nine, number nine, number nine, number nine all over his brand new Camaro.

所以当我们到达他的车时，他在他全新的科迈罗身上喷漆了数字九，数字九，数字九，数字九。

And his explanation was, well, I'm going to die anyway.

他的解释是，好吧，无论如何我都会死。

So I don't need this damn car.

所以我不需要这该死的车。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: We got a major war going on.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：我们正在进行一场重大战争。

We got our soldiers being killed.

我们的士兵被杀了。

And then you have demonstrators who seem to be rooting for the other side.

然后还有似乎支持另一方的示威者。

Hence, you got a boiling pot.

因此，你得到了一个沸腾的锅。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Among those dead is this Long Island boy, Jeffrey Miller.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：死者中包括长岛男孩杰弗里·米勒 (Jeffrey Miller)。

And he is the boy pictured in the most iconic photograph of Kent State lying face down, bloody.

他就是肯特州立大学最具标志性的照片中的那个男孩，脸朝下躺着，血淋淋的。

This shakes America.

这震动了美国。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, STUDENT: The National Guard killed four kids.

学生戴维·弗里德曼：国民警卫队杀死了四个孩子。

What's next?

接下来怎么办？

Is it going to be 20 kids, 30?

是20个孩子还是30个孩子？

Are they going to just start firing weapons at demonstrators?

他们会开始向示威者开枪吗？

It was really upsetting

真是令人心烦意乱

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: Kent State, that was a big sting.

哈利·博尔斯（HARRY BOLLES），学生：肯特州立大学，这是一个很大的刺痛。

This could have happened to me.

这可能发生在我身上。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Across America, the arson, the bombings, the violence escalates as never before.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《安全帽骚乱》：美国各地的纵火、爆炸和暴力事件前所未有地升级。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: It changed the conversation.

学生哈利·博尔斯：它改变了谈话。

Suddenly, it became, they're killing us!

突然间，他们要杀了我们！

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT: There's tumult across the city.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），作家，： 硬帽骚乱：整个城市都发生了骚乱。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: The protest movement just [boom] got so much bigger, and pointed, and excited.

哈利·博尔斯（HARRY BOLLES），学生：抗议运动[繁荣]变得越来越大、越来越尖锐、越来越激动。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : And then you have this mayor, John Lindsay, who had come out early against the Vietnam War.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：还有这位市长，约翰·林赛（John Lindsay），他很早就站出来反对越南战争。

JOHN LINDSAY, New York City Mayor: We can find little logical or moral justification for sending 18-year-olds to fight and perhaps die in the morass of South Vietnam.

约翰·林赛，纽约市市长：我们找不到任何逻辑或道德理由让 18 岁的年轻人去战斗，甚至可能死在南越的泥沼中。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: John Lindsay was the first major Republican figure in this country who came out against the war.

席德·戴维多夫（SID DAVIDOFF），林赛市长助理：约翰·林赛是这个国家第一位站出来反对战争的主要共和党人物。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Word spread that John Lindsay had called the draft dodgers heroes.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：消息传开，约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 称逃兵队为英雄。

For blue-collar America they feel like those villainizing the soldiers in Vietnam are treated as heroes and the heroes are treated as villains.

对于美国蓝领来说，他们觉得那些恶毒越南士兵的人被视为英雄，而英雄则被视为恶棍。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Lindsay was controversial for reasons far more than the war.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：林赛备受争议的原因远远超出了战争本身。

To understand why you gotta backtrack to the forces squeezing the working class city by the mid 1960s.

要理解为什么你必须回溯到 20 世纪 60 年代中期挤压这座工人阶级城市的力量。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: The campaign really captured the imagination.

林赛市长助理 SID DAVIDOFF：这场活动确实激发了人们的想象力。

We had these rallies that were incredible.

我们举行了这些令人难以置信的集会。

Liza Minnelli.

丽莎·明内利。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: He's on the cover of the biggest magazines.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《THE HARDHAT RIOT》作者：他出现在最大杂志的封面上。

He is treated as a national star.

他被视为国家明星。

RONNIE ELDRIDGE, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: He was handsome.

林赛市长助手罗尼·埃尔德里奇：他很英俊。

He was tall.

他很高。

He was glamorous.

他很迷人。

He sparkled.

他闪闪发光。

And we believed we could make the world a better place.

我们相信我们可以让世界变得更美好。

We really truly believed that.

我们真的相信这一点。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: I said, this is where I want to be.

SID DAVIDOFF，林赛市长助理：我说过，这就是我想去的地方。

I want to be with him.

我想和他在一起。

And I never left his side.

而我从未离开过他的身边。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : John Lindsay is also emblematic of the excitement of New York City, which was described as “Fun City.” But almost as soon as he becomes mayor, that fun will turn into a biblical tide of obstacles.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 也是纽约市兴奋的象征，这座城市被称为“欢乐之城”。但几乎一旦他成为市长，这种乐趣就会变成圣经中的障碍潮。

Newsreel: As a new mayor takes office, 6,000 subway cars lie idle, 230 miles of track lead nowhere.

新闻片：新市长上任后，6,000 节地铁车厢闲置，230 英里的轨道无处可去。

Never before has this marvel of mass transportation ground to a stop with the men on the picket lines.

这种公共交通的奇迹从未因纠察线上的人们而停止过。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: Lindsay believed there was a kind of alliance between many of the labor unions and the Democratic party that served their interest but didn’t serve the greater population of the city of New York.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：林赛认为，许多工会和民主党之间存在某种联盟，这种联盟符合他们的利益，但并不服务于纽约市的更多人口。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : All this promise that John Lindsay represents is grounded and it does not help that Lindsay lacked personal ties with these unions.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 所代表的所有这些承诺都是有根据的，而且林赛 (Lindsay) 与这些工会缺乏个人联系也无济于事。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: You shouldn't have a transit strike.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维默伦 (JAMES VERMEULEN)： 交通运输不应该罢工。

How do you go to work?

你怎么去上班？

And if you don't go to work, you don't get paid.

如果你不去工作，你就拿不到工资。

How do you support the family?

你如何养家糊口？

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: Lindsay, in spite of all his pledges and rhetoric, in the end, basically had to give in, concede to the transit workers.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：林赛尽管做出了所有的承诺和言辞，但最终基本上不得不屈服，向交通工人让步。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : And weakness with one union will invite strength from the other unions.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：一个工会的弱点将吸引其他工会的力量。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : There's a sanitation strike.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：发生了一次卫生罢工。

100,000 tons of garbage stinks New York City.

纽约市有 10 万吨垃圾散发着恶臭。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: You know, John Lindsay used to say, if you stand next to garbage long enough, you begin to smell.

席德·戴维多夫（SID DAVIDOFF），林赛市长助手：约翰·林赛曾经说过，如果你站在垃圾旁边足够长的时间，你就会开始闻到气味。

And we had a lot of garbage out there.

我们那里有很多垃圾。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: In the next several years, we're going to bring a teacher strike, a police slowdown.

席德·戴维多夫（SID DAVIDOFF），林赛市长助理：在接下来的几年里，我们将引发教师罢工、警察放慢速度。

I mean, unheard of in the city.

我的意思是，在城市里闻所未闻。

These were when the unions were really coming into their own.

这是工会真正发挥作用的时候。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: He obviously was a man of privilege.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：他显然是一个享有特权的人。

You could look at him.

你可以看看他。

And where we grew up, you knew a guy of privilege.

在我们长大的地方，你认识一个有特权的人。

You knew it.

你知道的。

I grew up in Woodside, Queens.

我在皇后区伍德赛德长大。

And we really were a blue-collar community.

我们确实是一个蓝领社区。

It was an incredible area to grow up.

这是一个令人难以置信的成长环境。

JAMES LAPHAM, ELECTRICIAN: I was born in the Bronx.

詹姆斯·拉普姆（JAMES LAPHAM），电工：我出生在布朗克斯。

It was all basically a hodgepodge of working people.

这基本上都是劳动人民的大杂烩。

Wasn't a wealthy neighborhood.

本来就不是什么富人区。

There was no rich people there.

那里没有富人。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: The neighborhood I came from was Villa Avenue.

DAN ROSSI，钣金工人：我来自 Villa Avenue 附近。

It was three blocks long.

它有三个街区长。

It was all Italian.

都是意大利菜。

Even if you weren't Italian, you were Italian to us.

即使你不是意大利人，对我们来说你也是意大利人。

I didn't even know there was other things besides that.

我什至不知道除此之外还有其他事情。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: Bay Ridge was the quintessential working class neighborhood.

学生戴维·塞德霍特 (DAVID SEDERHOLT)：湾岭是典型的工人阶级社区。

Everyone I knew, their parents were either working on the docks or they were cops, firemen.

我认识的每个人，他们的父母要么在码头工作，要么是警察、消防员。

JAMES LAPHAM, ELECTRICIAN: My father was a strong union man.

詹姆斯·拉帕姆（JAMES LAPHAM），电工：我的父亲是一位坚强的工会成员。

One hundred percent.

百分之一百。

He would organize all over Brooklyn, Queens.

他会在布鲁克林、皇后区各地组织活动。

My father told me, President Roosevelt changed everything.

我父亲告诉我，罗斯福总统改变了一切。

He pushed the workers' rights.

他推动工人的权利。

He pushed workers' jobs.

他推动了工人的工作。

And this was the way.

就是这样。

We have a guy that's going to change things.

我们有一个能够改变一切的人。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The Great Depression will sink what gains a lot of these blue-collar ethnic groups had made.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），作家，《硬帽骚乱》：大萧条将毁掉许多蓝领族群所取得的成就。

And FDR's New Deal will give them opportunity.

而罗斯福新政将给他们机会。

Whether it's jobs programs or simply hearing his voice on the radio, there was a sense that someone cares about them.

无论是就业节目还是仅仅在广播中听到他的声音，都会让人感觉有人关心他们。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: During the 1930s, during the Great Depression, there was a kind of revival enhancement of this kind of imagery of the ordinary working person as the symbol of America.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：在 20 世纪 30 年代的大萧条时期，这种将普通劳动者作为美国象征的形象得到了复兴和增强。

New York was a great blue-collar city at the end of World War II.

第二次世界大战结束时，纽约是一座伟大的蓝领城市。

It was the greatest manufacturing center in the United States by far.

它是迄今为止美国最大的制造中心。

In the decades after World War II, New York started changing, and you began to see a decline in the blue-collar world.

第二次世界大战后的几十年里，纽约开始发生变化，你开始看到蓝领世界的衰落。

Manufacturing relocated.

制造业搬迁。

Many of the port jobs moved from New York to New Jersey.

许多港口工作岗位从纽约转移到新泽西。

And at the same time, there was an emerging kind of headquarters city that was growing up.

与此同时，一种新兴的总部城市正在崛起。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : But for too many New Yorkers in too many places, this blue-collar New York City gradually becomes to feel alienated from this patrician mayor because they are suffering the deindustrialization of America.

《硬帽骚乱》作者大卫·保罗·库恩：但对于太多地方的太多纽约人来说，这座蓝领纽约市逐渐变得与这位贵族市长疏远，因为他们正在遭受美国的去工业化。

They are suffering a crime wave before it hits much of America.

在犯罪浪潮席卷美国大部分地区之前，他们就已经遭遇了犯罪浪潮。

Their New York City is declining and the mayor appears to be aloof at best or at worst seem to care about everyone but them.

他们的纽约市正在衰落，市长充其量似乎是冷漠，或者最坏的是似乎关心除了他们之外的所有人。

RONNIE ELDRIDGE, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: Barney Frank, who was a congressman, was an old friend of mine.

林赛市长助手罗尼·埃尔德里奇：巴尼·弗兰克是一名国会议员，也是我的老朋友。

And he said, John Lindsay is giving good intentions a bad name.

他说，约翰·林赛给善意带来了坏名声。

People were calling him a limousine liberal.

人们称他为豪华轿车自由主义者。

And that became the term for John Lindsay.

这成为约翰·林赛的术语。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The year after John Lindsay becomes mayor, the building of the World Trade Center starts.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 成为市长后的第二年，世界贸易中心的建设开始了。

So you have these icons of American promise.

所以你就有了这些美国承诺的标志。

This is the '60s!

这是六十年代！

There is this aspirational America.

有这样一个充满抱负的美国。

But the American economy is changing.

但美国经济正在发生变化。

And the decline of New York City is an omen of the trauma that will hit blue-collar America nationwide in the years to come.

纽约市的衰落是未来几年美国蓝领阶层遭受创伤的预兆。

NANCY SEIFER, HEAD OF THE MAYOR’S OFFICE OF ETHNIC AFFAIRS: My background was very much like the other people at City Hall, the mayor's assistants, sort of an upwardly mobile, college-educated group.

南希·赛弗，市长民族事务办公室主任：我的背景与市政厅的其他人非常相似，即市长助理，是一个向上流动的、受过大学教育的群体。

NANCY SEIFER, HEAD OF THE MAYOR’S OFFICE OF ETHNIC AFFAIRS: But the people who were providing the services that kept the city alive, all the jobs that keep the wheels going, those were the jobs held by people in these white ethnic communities.

南希·赛弗，市长种族事务办公室主任：但是，那些提供维持城市活力的服务的人们，所有维持车轮运转的工作，都是这些白人社区的人们所从事的工作。

And they had lived their lives so differently.

他们的生活如此不同。

The struggle that they went through most middle class people had no idea about just to make ends meet.

大多数中产阶级所经历的挣扎并不知道只是为了维持收支平衡。

And what gave comfort to their lives was family, and often church related community.

给他们的生活带来安慰的是家庭，通常还有与教会相关的社区。

GARY LABARBERA, PRESIDENT, NYC BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION TRADES COUNCIL: God and country, those are our values.

加里·拉巴贝拉（Gary LABARBERA），纽约市建筑贸易委员会主席：上帝和国家，这就是我们的价值观。

Those are our values.

这些就是我们的价值观。

I'm not going to apologize to anyone for those values.

我不会为这些价值观向任何人道歉。

Those are our values.

这些就是我们的价值观。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: When there was church on Sundays, it was expected everybody went to mass.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维穆伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：当周日有教堂时，人们预计每个人都会去参加弥撒。

There was the 6:30 mass, the 8 o'clock mass, the 11 o'clock mass, the 12 o'clock mass, and the final 1 o'clock mass was for the late sleepers.

有6点30分的弥撒、8点的弥撒、11点的弥撒、12点的弥撒，最后1点的弥撒是为晚睡者准备的。

And every mass was full.

每一次弥撒都已满员。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: I went to Catholic school from kindergarten to eighth grade.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：我从幼儿园到八年级都在天主教学校上学。

And my mother, every year, would say the same thing to Sister so-and-so, whoever it may be.

我的母亲每年都会对某某姐妹说同样的话，无论她是谁。

If he gets out of line, just smack him around a little bit.

如果他不守规矩，就轻轻拍打他。

And I say, Ma, you don't have to tell them that.

我说，妈，你不必告诉他们这一点。

They do it automatically.

他们会自动完成。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: You know, there was never any of this thought that you're going to be something beyond that sanitation worker.

丹·罗西（DAN ROSSI），钣金工人：你知道，从来没有人想过你会成为环卫工人以外的人。

That's what we lived.

这就是我们的生活。

The goal in our neighborhood was to get a city job.

我们社区的目标是找到一份城市工作。

Or construction, you know.

或者建筑，你知道。

And my father, he was a laborer.

我的父亲是一名工人。

So I went towards the construction end of it.

所以我走向了它的建设结束。

The trades, all the trades, were always father, son.

所有的行业，所有的行业，总是父子关系。

You want the best mechanics, let your father teach you.

你想要最好的机械师，让你父亲教你。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: So you feel pretty bad about it if you lose that.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：所以如果你失去了它，你会感觉非常糟糕。

And that's what the government did, actually, when the government was pushing integrating the union.

实际上，当政府推动工会整合时，政府就是这么做的。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: The pressure was growing by the 1960s, and both on the local and the federal level, you begin to see initial steps to pressure the construction trades to open their ranks to people who are being kept out.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：到了 20 世纪 60 年代，压力越来越大，无论是在地方还是联邦层面，你都开始看到初步措施，向建筑行业施压，向那些被排除在外的人开放。

NANCY SEIFER, HEAD OF THE MAYOR’S OFFICE OF ETHNIC AFFAIRS: There was reason for Lindsay and people like him to feel compassion and empathy for people in Black and Puerto Rican communities.

南希·赛弗，市长种族事务办公室主任：林赛和像他这样的人有理由对黑人和波多黎各社区的人们感到同情和同情。

But that same empathy wasn’t aroused by the plight of white working class people because of the thought that if you were white you should be able to make it in America, so if you weren’t upwardly mobile it was your own fault.

但白人工人阶级的困境并没有引起同样的同情，因为他们认为，如果你是白人，你应该能够在美国取得成功，所以如果你没有向上流动，那是你自己的错。

WILLIAM SALES, POLITICAL SCIENTIST: I think there were a large number of working-class whites that didn't understand what the hell was going on.

政治科学家威廉·赛尔斯：我认为有大量白人工人阶级不明白到底发生了什么。

All they knew, that their life was changing, and it wasn't changing for good.

他们只知道，他们的生活正在改变，但不会永远改变。

They felt that, you know, their economic problems were increasing, but only Black people's problems were being dealt with, and they were angry.

他们觉得，你知道，他们的经济问题正在增加，但只有黑人的问题得到了解决，他们感到愤怒。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: When the integration came on, my personal feeling is, in the beginning, I was dead against it.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：当整合开始时，我个人的感觉是，一开始我是非常反对的。

I have to be honest.

我必须诚实。

I was a young, foolish man.

我是一个年轻、愚蠢的人。

And the unknowns.

还有未知数。

Because I felt as though this was our thing, and we want to keep it.

因为我觉得这是我们的事，我们想保留它。

Because there was a lot of nepotism in the trades.

因为行业里有很多裙带关系。

And I was proven wrong, no question about it.

事实证明我错了，毫无疑问。

Hey, some of these guys became real good friends with me.

嘿，其中一些人和我成为了真正的好朋友。

All of a sudden you get enlightened.

突然间你就开悟了。

And I used to kid some of my Black friends when they used to say “Billy, can you help me get my son into the local.” And I’d say, “Nepotism’s not too bad now is it?” [LAUGHS] Kid them!

当我的一些黑人朋友说“比利，你能帮我让我的儿子进入当地吗？”时，我常常开玩笑。我会说，“裙带关系现在还不错吧？” [笑]哄骗他们！

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: 1968 will rock American life unlike any time since the Civil War.

戴维·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《安全帽骚乱》作者：1968 年将给美国生活带来内战以来前所未有的震撼。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The Tet Offensive happens, which makes Americans wonder if winning is ever possible in this war in Vietnam.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：春节攻势的发生，让美国人怀疑在这场越南战争中是否有可能获胜。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : From the Tet Offensive ‘til there after a majority of Americans, including blue-collar America will not approve of the Vietnam War.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《安全帽骚乱》作者：从春节攻势到此后，大多数美国人，包括美国蓝领阶层，都不会赞成越南战争。

Then Martin Luther King, Jr. is killed.

然后马丁·路德·金被杀。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: Harlem started rioting, and we were called in.

詹姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN），纽约市警官：哈莱姆区开始骚乱，我们被叫了进去。

I was assigned to a sergeant who said, "We're taking a hold-back approach to this riot.”

我被指派给一名中士，他说：“我们正在对这场骚乱采取克制措施。”

ROY WILKINS, NAACP Leader: You know what John Lindsay did tonight?

罗伊·威尔金斯，全国有色人种协进会领袖：你知道约翰·林赛今晚做了什么吗？

John Lindsay went right up into Harlem and walked up and down 125th Street and talked to the people face-to-face.

约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 径直走进哈莱姆区，在 125 街来回走动，与人们面对面交谈。

That's what every mayor in the city, in the whole nation, ought to be doing.

这是这个城市、全国每一位市长都应该做的事情。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: I can't describe exactly how important it was that he was there that night.

SID DAVIDOFF，林赛市长助理： 我无法准确描述他那天晚上在那里有多么重要。

This city survived when other cities were burning.

当其他城市被烧毁时，这座城市幸存下来。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : Cities burn across the country, but also something else burns– This hope for a better America.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：全国各地的城市都在燃烧，但其他东西也在燃烧——这是对更美好美国的希望。

What’s left of that hope is invested in Bobby Kennedy.

剩下的希望都投资在鲍比·肯尼迪身上。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : But he too will be killed that year.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：但他也将在那一年被杀。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : So on top of this tragedy a radicalism rises with the antiwar movement in 1968.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：因此，除了这场悲剧之外，1968 年的反战运动还伴随着激进主义的兴起。

Campuses are roiling across America, first at Columbia.

美国各地的校园都在沸腾，首先是哥伦比亚大学。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: The Columbia University demonstrations in 1968 were one of the biggest and most dramatic till that point.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：1968 年哥伦比亚大学的示威活动是迄今为止规模最大、最具戏剧性的示威活动之一。

And the immediate issues was the involvement of Columbia University in military research that necessarily involved the war in Vietnam, but also the relationship of the university to the nearby Black community in Harlem.

迫在眉睫的问题是哥伦比亚大学参与军事研究，这必然涉及越南战争，而且还涉及该大学与附近哈林区黑人社区的关系。

WILLIAM SALES, POLITICAL SCIENTIS: I was one of the people who was early on involved in the formation of the Students Afro-American Society.

威廉·赛尔斯（政治科学）：我是早期参与美国黑人学生协会组建的人之一。

We had a rally in front of HaDENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER Hall, and the suggestion is then subsequently made, "Let's go into HaDENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER Hall." Then the question becomes, "What are we going to do?"

我们在 HaDENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER Hall 前举行集会，随后有人提出建议：“我们去 HaDENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER Hall 吧。”那么问题就变成了“我们要做什么？”

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: Protests ultimately led to the occupation of campus buildings.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：抗议最终导致校园建筑被占领。

Well, this was a huge national attention.

嗯，这引起了全国的巨大关注。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : But Lindsay’s got a problem.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），作者：《硬帽骚乱》：但是林赛有一个问题。

The leaders of Columbia want him to order in the police, but Lindsay wants the leadership of Columbia to ask for it.

哥伦比亚的领导希望他向警察下令，但林赛希望哥伦比亚的领导提出要求。

GRAYSON KIRK, Columbia University President: After nearly a week of efforts at conciliation I must ask the police to take the steps necessary to permit the university to resume its operations.

格雷森·柯克，哥伦比亚大学校长：经过近一周的调解努力，我必须要求警方采取必要措施，允许大学恢复运营。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : After seething for days over these Columbia activists the police are ordered into Columbia.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），作者：《硬帽骚乱》：在对这些哥伦比亚活动分子的愤怒持续数日之后，警察被命令进入哥伦比亚。

The police are overwhelmingly ethnic white Italian and Irish.

警察绝大多数是意大利和爱尔兰白人。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : And to those cops it’s shocking for the time to see kids of privilege demean them.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：对于那些警察来说，看到特权阶层的孩子贬低他们是令人震惊的。

They call them pigs, insult their mothers.

他们称他们为猪，侮辱他们的母亲。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: When I got there, the lieutenant said, "Okay, we're going to assign you to the chancellor's office.

纽约市警官詹姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：当我到达那里时，中尉说：“好吧，我们将把你分配到校长办公室。

There's nobody to come through that door nor through the window.

没有人可以从那扇门或窗户进来。

You make sure of that." So I got on the phone, and I called my mother, and I said, "Ma, your son has finally made it to Columbia."

你确定这一点。”所以我打电话给我妈妈，我说：“妈妈，你的儿子终于到达了哥伦比亚。”

WILLIAM SALES, POLITICAL SCIENTIST: The police came and arrested everybody on campus who was involved in the demonstration.

政治学家威廉·赛尔斯：警察来逮捕了校园里所有参与示威的人。

Beat up numerous people.

殴打无数人。

The kind of energy the police committed to hurting these kids had much more to do than what was going on at Columbia.

警察为了伤害这些孩子而投入的精力比哥伦比亚大学发生的事情要严重得多。

It had to do with the whole history of how poor white ethnic groups have felt disrespected and mistreated in American society.

这与贫困白人群体在美国社会中感受到不尊重和虐待的整个历史有关。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : From early 1969 to spring 1970, there are more than 4,300 bombings across America because some antiwar radicals feel progress is too slow.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：从 1969 年初到 1970 年春天，美国各地发生了 4,300 多起爆炸事件，因为一些反战激进分子认为进展太慢。

They aim to bring the war home.

他们的目标是把战争带回家。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: Everything was radicalizing.

哈利·博尔斯（HARRY BOLLES），学生：一切都变得激进。

You know, you had townhouses blowing up.

你知道，连排别墅都被炸毁了。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: The weathermen were building a bomb and it went off.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：气象员正在制造一枚炸弹，结果爆炸了。

And it took half the building down with it.

半座大楼也随之倒塌。

I responded there for crowd control and whatever they needed.

我在那里回应人群控制以及他们需要的任何东西。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: You know, it's a revelation.

哈利·博尔斯（学生）：你知道，这是一个启示。

They're building bombs.

他们正在制造炸弹。

These were people who, more than I, were devoted to revolution.

这些人比我更热衷于革命。

All these things that make you feel like the world that you respect is either in revolt or is being destroyed.

所有这些事情让你感觉你所尊重的世界要么正在反抗，要么正在被摧毁。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT: With years of accumulating tragedies America really seemed to be breaking apart by May 1970.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《安全帽骚乱》：随着多年积累的悲剧，到 1970 年 5 月，美国似乎真的要分崩离析了。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Three days after Kent State the funeral in the city for Jeffrey Miller, the Long Island boy killed at Kent State takes place.

大卫·保罗·库恩，作者：安全帽骚乱：肯特州立大学为杰弗里·米勒在该市举行葬礼三天后，在肯特州立大学被杀的长岛男孩举行了葬礼。

News reporter: Nearly 5,000 college and high school students crowded the streets outside while family and friends of the dead boy sat silently inside.

新闻记者：近5000名大学生和高中生聚集在外面的街道上，而死者的家人和朋友则默默地坐在里面。

It was a subdued and thoughtful crowd.

这是一群谦逊而深思熟虑的人群。

News Reporter: As the family left for the cemetery in the suburbs, most of the young people headed for rallies in the city.

新闻记者：随着家人前往郊区墓地，大部分年轻人前往城里集会。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: I was sitting with the mayor in the mayor's office, and we're just talking about what we could do to recognize the memory of these four college kids who were killed by National Guard.

席德·戴维多夫（SID DAVIDOFF），林赛市长助理：我和市长一起坐在市长办公室，我们正在讨论我们可以做些什么来纪念这四个被国民警卫队杀害的大学生。

The mayor says great.

市长说太好了。

So he issued an executive order that the flags on the municipal building and at City Hall would be lowered to half mast.

因此他发布了一项行政命令，要求市政大楼和市政厅降半旗。

Who could object to that?

谁能反对呢？

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The masters of finance are seen as the masters of war, and a center of New York City protest is at Federal Hall, this square next to the New York Stock Exchange.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：金融大师被视为战争大师，纽约市抗议的中心位于联邦大厅，这个广场毗邻纽约证券交易所。

JAMES LAPHAM, ELECTRICIAN: I served, and most of them were World War II and Korean vets.

詹姆斯·拉普姆（JAMES LAPHAM），电工：我服役过，他们中的大多数都是二战和朝鲜退伍军人。

How would you feel?

你感觉如何？

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: My father was a World War II veteran.

DAN ROSSI，钣金工人：我的父亲是一名二战老兵。

My uncles were World War II veterans.

我的叔叔是二战老兵。

For that family, we had a pretty good number of us went.

对于那个家庭，我们有相当多的人去了。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: My brother was in the Korean War.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：我哥哥参加了朝鲜战争。

My stepdad was in World War II.

我的继父参加了第二次世界大战。

You know, we grew up that you support the United States of America.

你知道，我们是在你支持美利坚合众国的背景下长大的。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: I was 5 years old when I went into first grade, and when I went up there, they teach you the Pledge of Allegiance, you know, and the sister would tell us what to do, hold your hand to your heart and everything.

丹·罗西 (DAN ROSSI)，钣金工人：我 5 岁的时候就读一年级，当我上一年级时，他们教你效忠誓言，你知道，姐姐会告诉我们该怎么做，把手放在心上等等。

And as she's saying that the men and women that died for this flag, it just hit me.

正如她所说，那些为这面旗帜而献身的男男女女，这让我深受触动。

And, you know, it just got to me where I started crying and everything.

而且，你知道，这让我开始哭泣等等。

That kind of cemented me with the flag.

这让我与国旗更加牢固。

I can't see desecrating the flag.

我不认为有亵渎国旗的行为。

I just can't.

我就是不能。

RAY MELVILLE, LATHER: When I first landed in Da Nang you recognize that there are bodies in bags lined up being sent home.

雷·梅尔维尔（LATHER）：当我第一次降落在岘港时，你会发现袋子里的尸体排着队被送回家。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: When they would come home, there was never a welcoming for troops.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：当他们回家时，从来没有人欢迎军队。

The people here.

这里的人们。

A working-class guy took offense to that.

一个工人阶级的人对此感到愤怒。

RAY MELVILLE, LATHER: We were told don’t wear your uniform when you go on leave, just try to avoid any confrontation with anybody.

雷·梅尔维尔（LATHER）：我们被告知休假时不要穿制服，尽量避免与任何人发生任何对抗。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, PROTESTOR: What Vietnam veterans need is a good parade.

抗议者戴维·弗里德曼：越战退伍军人需要的是一场精彩的阅兵。

They were heroes, really.

他们真的是英雄。

They were--I mean, it wasn't like World War II where you were fighting, and the people you were fighting for were, like, you know, throwing roses and flowers at you.

他们——我的意思是，这不像第二次世界大战，你在战斗，而你为之战斗的人，就像，你知道的，向你扔玫瑰和鲜花。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : New York City, on May 8, 1945, celebrates V-E Day, the end of the war in Europe, victory over the Nazis.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《安全帽骚乱》：1945 年 5 月 8 日，纽约市庆祝胜利日，欧洲战争结束，战胜纳粹。

On Friday, May 8, 1970, 25 years later, V-E Day is scarcely remembered.

25 年后的 1970 年 5 月 8 日星期五，人们几乎忘记了胜利日。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: My best recollection of May 8th was the usual routine, coming out onto the street, but you could hear a lot of activity at 7-- it was too much for 7 o'clock in the morning.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：我对 5 月 8 日最美好的回忆是平常的例行公事，走到街上，但 7 点你可以听到很多活动——这对于早上 7 点来说太多了。

We were all aware that protests were going to happen.

我们都知道抗议活动将会发生。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : That morning, John Lindsay began his day playing tennis uptown.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者： 那天早上，约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 在住宅区打网球开始了新的一天。

He is planning to attend an anti-war rally at Foley Square, which is within blocks of City Hall.

他计划参加在距市政厅几个街区的弗利广场举行的反战集会。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: Word came by word of mouth that there's going to be a demonstration, down in Lower Manhattan.

威廉·阿巴特（STEAMFITTER）：有消息称，曼哈顿下城将举行示威活动。

JAMES VERMUELEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: We were assigned to come in early to the precinct, and we were told we're going down to Wall Street.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维穆伦 (JAMES VERMUELEN)：我们被指派提前到达辖区，并被告知我们要去华尔街。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: After we left our job sites, we got on the train with a lot of my fellow workers, and we saw other tradesmen getting on the train.

威廉·阿巴特（STEAMFITTER）：离开工作现场后，我们和很多同事一起上了火车，我们看到其他商人也上了火车。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: There was hundreds and hundreds of construction workers at different locations, so everybody that you’d seen was in line with that, they were energized by it.

丹尼斯·米尔顿（丹尼斯·米尔顿），钢铁工人：不同地点有成百上千名建筑工人，所以你看到的每个人都符合这一点，他们因此而充满活力。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: It was really crowded.

哈利·博尔斯（HARRY BOLLES），学生：真的很拥挤。

The place was full.

这个地方已经满了。

The entire square was full.

整个广场都挤满了人。

We were in a crowd of protestors, and then beyond them was a crowd of Wall Street investment people, stockbrokers or accountants.

我们身处一群抗议者之中，他们之外是一群华尔街投资人士、股票经纪人或会计师。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: I was assigned at the bottom of the steps on the Federal Building, but there was no violence going on.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：我被分配到联邦大楼的台阶底部，但没有发生暴力事件。

Nobody was attacking the police.

没有人攻击警察。

We were sort of a perimeter to keep them where they were and to keep them in place.

我们就像一个外围，让他们保持在原来的位置并保持在适当的位置。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, STUDENT: I knew that there was going to be a demonstration of protestors in downtown Manhattan.

学生大卫·弗里德曼：我知道曼哈顿市中心将会有抗议者示威。

I sort of fancied myself as a documentary filmmaker, so I had brought my Super 8mm camera along, and I was going to film some of it.

我有点幻想自己是一名纪录片制片人，所以我带了我的 Super 8mm 相机，我打算拍摄其中的一些。

They were displaying the Viet Cong flag, which, you know, I certainly personally did not agree with, but there it was.

他们展示了越共旗帜，你知道，我个人当然不同意，但它就是这样。

And I heard in the distance, I heard chants of, "USA!

我听到远处传来“美国！

USA!" And then these hardhat workers, they were marching.

美国！”然后这些戴安全帽的工人开始游行。

It was like a march.

这就像一场游行。

It was like a parade.

这就像一场游行。

They were marching on the street.

他们在街上游行。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: As they approached closer, we saw two streets also having large groups of people walking towards us, very large people, wearing construction helmets.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：当他们走近时，我们看到两条街道上也有一大群人向我们走来，他们体型很大，戴着建筑头盔。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: So I said, "Oh, this is interesting." So we turned the camera on them, and I'm thinking, "Oh, this is, you know, this is good footage." Because they were like spoiling for a fight.

哈利·博尔斯（学生）：所以我说，“哦，这很有趣。”所以我们把摄像机转向他们，我在想，“哦，这是，你知道，这是很好的镜头。”因为他们就像是想打架一样。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: And then one thing, push comes to shove, words started back and forth.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：然后有一件事，到了紧要关头，人们开始来来回回地说话。

They would call them baby killers, and that's when it started getting a little rowdy.

他们称他们为婴儿杀手，从那时起事情就开始变得有点吵闹。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: You know what’s coming.

纽约市警官 JAMES VERMEULEN：你知道接下来会发生什么。

You know there’s gonna be a fight.

你知道会有一场战斗。

You know what’s on their mind.

你知道他们在想什么。

Maybe it’s not on their mind to beat people to death, but what’s on their mind is coming in and taking some swipes at people and they’re going to have a fight that day.

也许他们的心思不是要把人打死，但他们的心思就是进来，对人打几拳，那天他们就要打架。

DAN ROSSI, SHEET METAL WORKER: On May 8th, I was broke.

DAN ROSSI，钣金工人：5 月 8 日，我破产了。

But you can go and get a part of your pay downtown.

但你可以去市中心领取一部分工资。

There was a disbursement center for the military guys on leave.

有一个供休假军人使用的支付中心。

When I got out of the train, I walked right into the middle of this thing.

当我下了火车时，我就走进了这个东西的中间。

I didn't know anything about demonstrations.

我对示威活动一无所知。

I didn't know anything about any of this stuff.

我对这些东西一无所知。

All I wanted to do was go try and get a few dollars so I could last the last week.

我想做的就是去尝试赚几美元，这样我就能度过最后一周。

You knew these kids were going to get hurt.

你知道这些孩子会受伤。

So I wasn't sure if I wanted to help the kids get hurt or if I was on the side of the construction workers.

所以我不确定我是否想帮助受伤的孩子，或者我是否站在建筑工人一边。

Until I saw them disparaging the flag, that drew the line with me.

直到我看到他们贬低国旗，我才意识到这一点。

I’m a marine and you take that flag and throw it on the floor and step on it, you just made it personal.

我是一名海军陆战队员，你拿起那面旗帜，把它扔到地板上，然后踩在上面，你只是把它变成了个人的。

They’re stepping on the bodies of the men that fought, that died in Vietnam next to me.

他们踩在那些在越南战斗中、在我旁边死去的人的尸体上。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : At that moment, this one man in a suit, who looks like a man of the establishment, ascends to the statue

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：在那一刻，这个穿着西装、看上去像是权势人物的男人登上了雕像

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: And what he wanted to do was tear up the flag, spit on the flag, spit on them, really making them crazy.

哈利·博尔斯，学生：他想做的就是撕毁旗帜，向旗帜吐口水，向他们吐口水，真的让他们发疯。

And I’m seeing two other guys.

我还和另外两个人约会。

I’m shouting, “Watch out!” Bang!

我大喊：“小心！”砰!

Smashes him in the side of his head, and he goes down.

打碎了他的头部一侧，然后他就倒地了。

He goes down, he falls down.

他倒下了，他倒下了。

Now let's kick him.

现在我们来踢他吧。

Now let's, you know– I thought he was dead.

现在我们来说说，你知道的——我以为他死了。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: And all of a sudden, boom, everybody's swinging.

丹尼斯·米尔顿（丹尼斯·米尔顿），钢铁工人：突然间，“砰”的一声，每个人都摇摆不定。

I could fight, believe me.

我可以战斗，相信我。

If you get hit by a construction worker, you're going to know it compared to being a college student, put it that way.

如果你被建筑工人撞到，你会比作为一个大学生更清楚，这么说吧。

I felt they had a beating coming.

我感觉他们即将遭受殴打。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, STUDENT: I felt something slam into my face.

学生戴维·弗里德曼：我感觉有什么东西撞到了我的脸上。

I was on the ground.

我当时就在地上。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, STUDENT: I was helped up.

学生大卫·弗里德曼：我被扶了起来。

I think I was probably in a state of shock.

我想我可能处于震惊的状态。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: We were filming construction workers and we were filming them on the sidewalk and we thought that it was going to be safe, but it turned out not to be, and then they put me down on the ground and kicked me.

哈利·博尔斯，学生：我们正在拍摄建筑工人，我们在人行道上拍摄他们，我们以为这样会很安全，但事实证明并不安全，然后他们把我放在地上并踢了我。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: And they kicked me at some point at the base of my spine, and from there it wasn’t a conversation.

哈利·博尔斯（Harry Bolles），学生：他们踢了我脊椎根部的某个位置，从那里开始就不再是对话了。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : One takeaway is clear: too many police did too little.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：有一个结论是明确的：警察太多，做得太少。

JAMES VERMEULEN, NYC POLICE OFFICER: I never saw that.

纽约市警官詹​​姆斯·维默伦（JAMES VERMEULEN）：我从来没有看到过。

There weren't that many arrests that day.

当天逮捕的人数并不多。

Well, what are you going to do when you handcuff a guy and everybody else is pushing you and oh you gonna let them?

好吧，当你给一个人戴上手铐，而其他人都在推你，而你会让他们这么做时，你会怎么做？

You can't, but when you can, you do.

你不能，但当你可以的时候，你就可以。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The riot starts spreading, and there's this sudden new alliance.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），作者，《硬帽骚乱》：骚乱开始蔓延，并且突然出现了新的联盟。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: You had people marching with the construction workers who were like office workers-- you had service workers.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：人们和建筑工人一起游行，他们就像办公室工作人员——还有服务人员。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: I was in the middle of the pack.

WILLIAM ABBATE，蒸汽工：我处于中间位置。

The adrenaline was rushing.

肾上腺素激增。

I was part of a mob.

我是暴徒中的一员。

We were in something big.

我们正经历着一件大事。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : Mayor Lindsay is not at City Hall as the riot escalates.

《安全帽骚乱》作者大卫·保罗·库恩：随着骚乱升级，林赛市长不在市政厅。

John Lindsay was at an anti-war rally at Foley Square, within blocks from City Hall.

约翰·林赛 (John Lindsay) 正在距市政厅几个街区的弗利广场 (Foley Square) 参加反战集会。

And instead of going into the storm he retreats uptown to Gracie Mansion.

他没有陷入风暴，而是撤退到住宅区的格雷西大厦。

In City Hall, the man in charge is the deputy mayor, Dick Aurelio, and he is the man who has to deal with this in John Lindsay's absence.

在市政厅，负责人是副市长迪克·奥雷里奥（Dick Aurelio），他是在约翰·林赛（John Lindsay）不在的情况下必须处理此事的人。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : That flag atop City Hall has been lowered in honor of Kent State.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：为了纪念肯特州立大学，市政厅顶部的旗帜已经降下。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: With the heat of what was going on, to lower the flag, I mean, that was crazy.

WILLIAM ABBATE，STEAMFITTER：在事态激烈的情况下，降下旗帜，我的意思是，这太疯狂了。

It only provoked it more.

它只会更加激怒它。

NANCY SEIFER, HEAD OF THE MAYOR’S OFFICE OF ETHNIC AFFAIRS: I was inside City Hall.

南希·赛弗 (NANCY Seifer)，市长民族事务办公室主任：我当时在市政厅内。

The hardhats were really angry.

安全帽们真的很生气。

At that time everything that Lindsay stood for and City Hall stood for was anathema to them.

那时，林赛和市政厅所代表的一切对他们来说都是令人厌恶的。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: Everybody was pissed off when you really get down to it, all right?

丹尼斯·米尔顿（丹尼斯·米尔顿），钢铁工人：当你真正认真对待它时，每个人都很生气，好吗？

You're enraged.

你很生气。

That’s when the police more or less held everybody back.

那时警察或多或少地阻止了所有人。

And then someone said, "You might as well raise the flag 'cause this is getting out of hand."

然后有人说：“你最好举起旗帜，因为事情已经失控了。”

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Eventually, Dick Aurelio, the deputy mayor, decides to raise the flag to calm down the mob outside.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：硬帽骚乱：最终，副市长迪克·奥雷利奥 (Dick Aurelio) 决定升起旗帜，以平息外面的暴民。

So someone goes on the roof of City Hall and raises the flag.

于是有人走上市政厅的屋顶升起旗帜。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Then a young mayoral aide named Sid Davidoff is coming towards City Hall.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：然后，一位名叫西德·大卫杜夫（Sid Davidoff）的年轻市长助手正朝市政厅走来。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: Huge crowd in the parking lot of City Hall, construction workers cheering.

林赛市长助理席德·戴维多夫：市政厅停车场里挤满了人群，建筑工人在欢呼。

It’s Kumbaya, everybody's happy, the cops are with them.

这是昆巴亚，每个人都很高兴，警察也和他们在一起。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY: There's a guy on the roof of City Hall, and he's putting the flag back to full staff.

席德·大卫多夫（SID DAVIDOFF），林赛市长助理：市政厅屋顶上有一个人，他正在把旗帜放回全体工作人员手中。

Now, I went nuts.

现在，我疯了。

I ran across the street, got into the back of City Hall, and get up there, and we find it's the postman.

我跑过马路，进了市政厅后面，站起来，发现是邮递员。

Literally, I threw him down the stairs– There’s a ladder there, that I threw him down that hole.

从字面上看，我把他扔下了楼梯——那里有一个梯子，我把他扔下了那个洞。

Hope he wasn't injured– and I then put the flag back to half-mast.

希望他没有受伤——然后我又降半旗。

I went to the edge of the roof, and I gave the peace sign.

我走到屋顶边缘，做出了和平手势。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Of course, that peace sign in this moment is gasoline on a fire.

大卫·保罗·库恩（DAVID PAUL KUHN），《硬帽骚乱》作者：当然，此时此刻的和平标志是燃烧的汽油。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: Everybody at the scene was upset and then one thing led to another and it started being a riot.

丹尼斯·米尔顿（丹尼斯·米尔顿），钢铁工人：现场的每个人都很沮丧，然后一件事引发了另一件事，并开始引发骚乱。

SID DAVIDOFF, AIDE TO MAYOR LINDSAY:: A whole different picture than was there 5 minutes ago before I did what I did.

SID DAVIDOFF，林赛市长助理：与我做这件事之前 5 分钟前的情况完全不同。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : Dick Aurelio again does the hard decision and orders the flag again raised because they couldn't control it.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《硬帽骚乱》作者：迪克·奥雷利奥再次做出了艰难的决定，并命令再次升起旗帜，因为他们无法控制。

As the flag is raised again, there's this college across the roadway called Pace.

当旗帜再次升起时，马路对面有一所名叫佩斯的大学。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: As the day progressed, from my vantage point– it was going from one class to the other to the other– someone informed us that people should be aware and should be, you know, worried for their security.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：随着时间的推移，从我的有利位置来看——从一个班级到另一个班级——有人告诉我们，人们应该意识到，并且应该担心自己的安全。

We were in lab, we had to finish what we were doing.

我们在实验室，我们必须完成我们正在做的事情。

You know, you’re not going to walk away with reagents boiling.

你知道，你不会带着试剂沸腾而走开。

MICHAEL BELKNAP, ATTORNEY: I could hear noise all morning, so I decided at lunchtime.

迈克尔·贝尔克纳普（MICHAEL BELKNAP），律师：我整个早上都能听到噪音，所以我决定在午餐时间。

I would go out and just check it out.

我会出去看看。

On the Pace building was a bed sheet with an anti-war slogan.

佩斯大楼上有一张床单，上面写着反战口号。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : And across from City Hall at Pace, a group of students start chanting against the war.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《安全帽骚乱》作者：在佩斯市政厅对面，一群学生开始高呼反战口号。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: And then at some point, it just broke loose.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：然后在某个时候，它就突然松动了。

It just went crazy.

它简直太疯狂了。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : At City Hall, about 50 to 75 construction workers turn towards Pace and charge across the roadway.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：硬帽骚乱：在市政厅，大约 50 至 75 名建筑工人转向佩斯并冲过道路。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: We started hearing students screaming and yelling in the hallways outside of the labs.

学生大卫·塞德霍特：我们开始听到学生们在实验室外的走廊里尖叫和大喊。

We decided to do the only thing we could figure out to do, which was, you know, lock ourselves in the lab.

我们决定做我们唯一能想到的事情，那就是，你知道，把自己锁在实验室里。

MICHAEL BELKNAP, ATTORNEY: A bunch of construction workers attacked the students.

迈克尔·贝尔克纳普（MICHAEL BELKNAP），律师：一群建筑工人袭击了学生。

I saw one of the students knocked on the ground and was being hit and kicked.

我看到一名学生被撞倒在地，并遭到拳打脚踢。

And so I went over and said, "Stop, he's hurt!" And that's the last thing I remember.

于是我走过去说：“停下来，他受伤了！”这是我记得的最后一件事。

I'd been knocked unconscious.

我被打昏了。

Some point later, seconds, minutes, two medics were kneeled over me, treating me.

过了一会儿，几秒钟、几分钟后，两名医务人员跪在我身上，对我进行治疗。

They said, "We've got to get you out of here." They helped me up, and at that point, I felt incredible fear.

他们说：“我们必须带你离开这里。”他们把我扶起来，那一刻，我感到难以置信的恐惧。

That sense that I could die.

那种感觉我可能会死。

DAVID SEDERHOLT, STUDENT: And you hear the heavy clang of either a hammer or those big wire cutters that most of those guys carried.

学生大卫·塞德霍尔特：你会听到锤子或大多数人携带的大型钢丝钳的沉重叮当声。

It was pretty terrifying stuff.

这是非常可怕的事情。

At Pace we were working class kids, you’re confused because it’s almost like getting beaten up by your big brother.

在佩斯，我们是工人阶级的孩子，你会感到困惑，因为这几乎就像被你的大哥殴打一样。

MICHAEL BELKNAP, ATTORNEY: I could have been killed, and the police did nothing.

迈克尔·贝尔克纳普（MICHAEL BELKNAP），律师：我可能会被杀，而警察却没有采取任何行动。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: The police didn't jump in because they were probably on the side of the construction workers.

WILLIAM ABBATE（蒸汽工）：警察没有介入，因为他们可能站在建筑工人一边。

We got the flag where we wanted.

我们得到了我们想要的旗帜。

We proved we’re all Americans.

我们证明我们都是美国人。

Let’s go pick up our paychecks and get drunk!

让我们去领取薪水并喝得酩酊大醉吧！

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The night after the Hardhat Riot, it's Game 7 of the Knicks-Lakers, and as a Sports Illustrated writer later put it “if there is harmony left in New York City, it was invested in the Knicks.”

大卫·保罗·库恩，作家，：安全帽骚乱：安全帽骚乱后的第二天晚上，尼克斯队与湖人队的第七场比赛，正如《体育画报》作家后来所说的那样“如果纽约市还剩下和谐，那就是尼克斯队。”

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: That very night, people are getting together to go to Washington.

哈利·博尔斯（学生）：那天晚上，人们聚集在一起前往华盛顿。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: I don't think it was ever apprehensive that the country was going to go under, but we were pretty close to revolution.

斯蒂芬·布尔，尼克松总统的助手：我认为人们从来没有担心过这个国家会崩溃，但我们已经非常接近革命了。

We were very, very close.

我们非常非常亲密。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : On this very night, sleepless and tormented, Richard Nixon gets this idea of going to the Lincoln Memorial, sending the Secret Service into a panic.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《硬帽骚乱》作者：就在这个夜晚，理查德·尼克松在失眠和痛苦的折磨下产生了前往林肯纪念堂的想法，这让特勤局陷入了恐慌。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: He had gone out, like, dawnish to the Lincoln Memorial, and there it is, Nixon talks to his protesters.

哈利·博尔斯（学生）：黎明时分，他就出去了，来到林肯纪念堂，尼克松就在那里与他的抗议者讲话。

He was seriously approaching these people and saying, "I want to know." But on the other hand, that's what I wanted to do myself.

他很认真地走近这些人，说道：“我想知道。”但另一方面，这就是我自己想做的事情。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: It was a typical Richard Nixon move to surprise the heck out of the world by going out and meeting the demonstrators, probably 99% of whom would like to beat him up.

尼克松总统助手史蒂芬·布尔：这是理查德·尼克松的典型举动，他出去会见示威者，让全世界都大吃一惊，而示威者中可能有 99% 的人都想殴打他。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: There was tens of thousands, probably 100,000 people who had gathered to protest.

学生哈利·博尔斯：有数万人，可能有 10 万人聚集在一起抗议。

The entire White House was surrounded with buses.

整个白宫都被公交车包围了。

There was energy.

有能量。

All this stuff that was like, strong and powerful and real.

所有这些东西都是如此，强大、有力、真实。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: We went back to the hotel, we had the conversation that you've seen in Street Scenes .

哈利·博尔斯（学生）：我们回到酒店，进行了街景中所见的对话。

Scorsese was there.

斯科塞斯也在场。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: I just felt so completely like that energy that was there when we went into Washington.

哈利·博尔斯（学生）：我完全感觉就像我们进入华盛顿时所感受到的那种能量。

That souffle had fallen.

那个舒芙蕾掉下来了。

It was a familiar feeling of powerlessness.

这是一种熟悉的无力感。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: After the riot, local CBS sent out people to say, "Who can we talk to who was there?"

哈利·博尔斯（HARRY BOLLES），学生：骚乱发生后，当地哥伦比亚广播公司派人去问：“我们可以跟谁谈谈？”

JOSEPH STERN, Glazier: One illegal act does not condone another illegal act but for every action there is a reaction.

约瑟夫·斯特恩（JOSEPH STERN），格拉泽：一种非法行为不会纵容另一种非法行为，但每一种行为都会有反应。

We were the reaction.

我们就是反应。

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: I’m telling you buildings are burned and that is bad, people are stomped and that is bad–

哈利·博尔斯（Harry BOLLES），学生：我告诉你们，建筑物被烧毁，那很糟糕，人们被踩踏，那很糟糕——

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: Why do you stop me?

哈利·博尔斯，学生：你为什么阻止我？

HARRY BOLLES, STUDENT: Why shouldn't I burn my building, damn it?

哈利·博尔斯，学生：我为什么不应该烧掉我的大楼，该死？

MICHAEL BALZANO, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: We watched that riot, and I thought what we were looking at was the beginning of a class struggle between, let's call them a university elite, and the working class.

尼克松总统助手迈克尔·巴尔扎诺：我们目睹了那场骚乱，我认为我们看到的是大学精英和工人阶级之间阶级斗争的开始。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Day in and day out, for the next few weeks, thousands of construction workers demonstrate daily.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：在接下来的几周里，日复一日，成千上万的建筑工人每天都会示威。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: A man by the name of Chuck Colson joined the White House staff.

斯蒂芬·布尔，尼克松总统的助手：一位名叫查克·科尔森的男子加入了白宫工作人员。

I guess a couple of weeks after the so-called hardhat riot, I wrote a memo to Chuck.

我想在所谓的安全帽骚乱发生几周后，我给查克写了一份备忘录。

And I started out by saying words to the effect of, "Great job organizing that activity up there with the construction workers." But I was only kidding him.

我一开始就说了这样的话：“与建筑工人一起组织这次活动，干得好。”但我只是跟他开玩笑。

And then I went on to say, "This may be an opportunity."

然后我接着说：“这可能是一个机会。”

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: Because these really are really our people.

尼克松总统助手斯蒂芬·布尔：因为这些确实是我们的人民。

And these are the president's people.

这些都是总统的人。

Graphic on screen: "The key is to broaden the base of participation that will cut completely across racial and economic lines ..."

屏幕上的图形：“关键是扩大参与基础，这将完全跨越种族和经济界限......”

RAY MELVILLE, LATHER: Peter Brennan became the city and state president of the building trades.

雷·梅尔维尔 (RAY MELVILLE)，拉瑟：彼得·布伦南 (Peter Brennan) 成为该市和州建筑行业主席。

And he was a strong supporter of the labor movements and the veterans within it.

他是劳工运动及其退伍军人的坚定支持者。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: Very quickly, Peter Brennan stepped in and effectively endorsed the idea that construction workers and blue-collar workers should mobilize in defense of the government against these anti-war protesters.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：彼得·布伦南很快介入并有效地支持了建筑工人和蓝领工人应该动员起来捍卫政府反对这些反战抗议者的想法。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: Just like they had a rally with thousands of people, we had a rally with 150,000 people.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：就像他们举行了一场有数千人参加的集会一样，我们也举行了一场有 15 万人参加的集会。

JAMES LAPHAM, ELECTRICIAN: Every trade was down there.

JAMES LAPHAM，电工：每笔交易都在那里。

It was the biggest demonstration you'll ever see.

这是您见过的最大规模的示威活动。

Reporter: They were for the most part bricklayers and ironworkers, printers and plumbers, longshoremen and steamfitters, many of them veterans.

记者：他们大部分是砖瓦匠和钢铁工人、印刷工和水管工、码头工人和蒸汽安装工，其中许多人是退伍军人。

RAY MELVILLE, LATHER: What a beautiful thing is happening here.

雷·梅尔维尔（LATHER）：这里正在发生多么美好的事情啊。

Flags all around and New York City coming up to an area to say thank you to the men and women in the Vietnam era that nobody ever said thank you to them.

到处都是旗帜，纽约市来到一个区域向越南时代的男男女女表示感谢，但没有人向他们表示感谢。

RAY MELVILLE, LATHER: That day was a very important part of my life.

雷·梅尔维尔（LATHER）：那天是我生命中非常重要的一部分。

Very important part of my life.

我生命中非常重要的一部分。

And I always think of Pete Brennan, who was a Democrat, putting that together.

我总是想起民主党人皮特·布伦南（Pete Brennan），他把这些放在一起。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: This is what the Republican Party really ought to be.

尼克松总统的助手斯蒂芬·布尔：这才是共和党真正应该做的。

We should no longer just be kind of the elite group of business-oriented political people.

我们不应该再只是一群以商业为导向的政治精英。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: That was a great feeling.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：那是一种很棒的感觉。

It’s like the common worker is being respected.

就像普通工人受到尊重一样。

You made the headlines that day.

那天你上了头条。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: I think the president really enjoyed that.

斯蒂芬·布尔，尼克松总统的助手：我认为总统真的很喜欢这一点。

I think it was one of his best days.

我认为这是他最美好的日子之一。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: The other people in the White House might have opposed this, have been shocked by this.

尼克松总统助手斯蒂芬·布尔：白宫的其他人可能会反对这一点，并对此感到震惊。

But I know that people like Chuck Colson and myself thought this was really neat.

但我知道像查克·科尔森和我自己这样的人认为这真的很棒。

And maybe that was the beginning of a change in the Republican Party.

也许这就是共和党变革的开始。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : Richard Nixon will seize the breach and shift the Republican party from blue bloods to blue collars.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《安全帽骚乱》作者：理查德·尼克松将抓住这一突破口，将共和党从贵族阶层转变为蓝领阶层。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: When I was a kid, it was pretty commonly known the Democratic Party supported labor, supported the working man, whether he was union or not.

威廉·阿巴特（STEAMFITTER）：当我还是个孩子的时候，众所周知，民主党支持劳工，支持工人，无论他是否是工会。

Supported social programs and little by little over the years, in my opinion, they drifted away from that.

在我看来，他们支持社会项目，多年来一点一点地偏离了这一目标。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: There was a meeting of people like Haldeman and Buchanan and Chuck Colson and the president talking about kind of a blue-collar strategy.

斯蒂芬·布尔，尼克松总统的助手：霍尔德曼、布坎南、查克·科尔森等人与总统举行了一次会议，讨论了某种蓝领战略。

Some of the quotes from Nixon were things like, "The construction workers are the people with guts."

尼克松的一些名言是这样的：“建筑工人是有胆量的人。”

MICHAEL BALZANO, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: And Nixon said, "We don't have anybody on this staff whose working class background would indicate that he can at least talk to them." Well, it's never going to be a Republican.” ”Well, I don't care!" Two or three days later, an article appeared about a former garbage man who got a doctor's degree from Georgetown.

尼克松总统的助手迈克尔·巴尔扎诺：尼克松说，“我们的工作人员中没有任何人的工人阶级背景表明他至少可以与他们交谈。”好吧，它永远不会成为共和党人。” “好吧，我不在乎！”两三天后，出现了一篇关于一位前垃圾工在乔治敦大学获得博士学位的文章。

They wrote me a letter and said, "Nixon wants you to work in this White House and we want you to be the working class liaison with the country." When I first met Richard Nixon, I said, "Look, I voted against you twice." And he said, "Well, you didn't know me.

他们给我写了一封信，说：“尼克松希望你在白宫工作，我们希望你成为工人阶级与国家的联络人。”当我第一次见到理查德·尼克松时，我说：“看，我两次投票反对你。”他说：“好吧，你不认识我。

I don't want people to change parties.

我不希望人们改变政党。

I want them to support me because of the policies that I'm pursuing."

我希望他们支持我，因为我正在推行的政策。”

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : As the 1972 election gets underway, Richard Nixon does not know who he's going to face.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者： 1972 年大选即将开始，理查德·尼克松 (Richard Nixon) 不知道自己将面对谁。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The 1972 democratic delegates were diverse by race, they were diverse by sex, but they were not diverse by class.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：1972 年的民主党代表在种族上是多样化的，他们在性别上是多样化的，但他们在阶级上并不多样化。

And on the new left there is a shift also going on from social class to social identity.

在新左派中，也正在发生从社会阶层到社会身份的转变。

JAMES LAPHAM, ELECTRICIAN: You know, the working man sees the Democrat Party as an elite party and giving up the average worker.

詹姆斯·拉普姆（JAMES LAPHAM），电工：你知道，工人将民主党视为精英政党，放弃了普通工人。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR, THE HARDHAT RIOT: : An AFL-CIO leader looks around the convention, a political leader, and says “we’re not going to be taken over by these Harvard and Berkeley camelots, but of course they can’t stop them.

大卫·保罗·库恩，《硬帽骚乱》作者：一位美国劳工联合会-产联领袖环顾大会，一位政治领袖，说道：“我们不会被这些哈佛和伯克利的卡洛特接管，但他们当然无法阻止他们。

ARCHIVAL GEORGE McGOVERN, Democratic Nominee: I accept your nomination with a full and grateful heart.

档案乔治·麦戈文，民主党候选人：我怀着饱满而感激的心情接受您的提名。

STEPHEN BULL, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: In 1972, when George McGovern was nominated, the Nixon machine was getting pretty well oiled by then.

尼克松总统助手史蒂芬·布尔：1972 年，当乔治·麦戈文获得提名时，尼克松的机器已经运转良好。

DAVID FRIEDMAN, STUDENT: And then you know the phrase was “peace with honor.” And the war continued.

学生戴维·弗里德曼：然后你就知道这句话是“荣誉和平”。战争仍在继续。

And American lives were lost.

美国人失去了生命。

Not to mention all the people who lost their limbs.

更不用说所有失去肢体的人了。

I guess it still upsets me.

我想这仍然让我心烦意乱。

GEORGE McGOVERN, Democratic Nominee: We’re going to have to think about this war that Nixon has continued another four years, probably continue another four if he gets elected.

民主党候选人乔治·麦戈文：我们将不得不考虑尼克松已经持续了四年的这场战争，如果他当选，可能还会再持续四年。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: We felt he did the right thing, all right?

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：我们认为他做了正确的事，好吗？

Supporting the troops, supporting the construction trades all over the United States.

支持军队，支持美国各地的建筑行业。

PETER BRENNAN, Labor Leader: Republicans can be friends to labor, Republicans can do the right thing for labor.

工党领袖彼得·布伦南：共和党人可以成为工党的朋友，共和党人可以为工党做正确的事情。

And although most of the people here, including myself, have been registered Democrats all our life, we find that we support the candidate as a man and what he will do for labor rather than party labels.

尽管这里的大多数人，包括我自己，一生都是登记的民主党人，但我们发现我们支持候选人作为一个男人以及他将为工党而不是政党标签所做的事情。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Richard Nixon would ultimately write a culturally populist playbook that would guide Republican candidates for more than a half century after.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：理查德·尼克松 (Richard Nixon) 最终撰写了一本文化民粹主义剧本，在半个多世纪的时间里指导共和党候选人。

WILLIAM ABBATE, STEAMFITTER: I ended up voting for Nixon.

威廉·阿巴特（STEAMFITTER）：我最终投票给了尼克松。

It's just a sense at the time that things were turning.

只是当时感觉事情正在发生转变。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Richard Nixon would win a landslide equal to FDR and he would do that with FDR’s working man.

大卫·保罗·库恩，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：理查德·尼克松将以压倒性优势赢得与罗斯福同等的胜利，他将与罗斯福的工人一起做到这一点。

MICHAEL BALZANO, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: Nixon was committed to building a new majority by appointing Democrats to high-ranking positions.

尼克松总统的助手迈克尔·巴尔扎诺：尼克松致力于通过任命民主党人担任高级职位来建立新的多数派。

MICHAEL BALZANO, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: People in the White House screamed about Peter Brennan because of his "Dees dem and doze it, he carried a gun." I mean, yeah, this is what the president wants.

尼克松总统的助手迈克尔·巴尔扎诺：白宫里的人们对彼得·布伦南大喊大叫，因为他“开枪打瞌睡，他拿着枪”。我的意思是，是的，这就是总统想要的。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: You know, at the time of the Hardhat Riots, construction was one of the most heavily unionized industries in the entire United States and also in New York City.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：您知道，在安全帽骚乱发生时，建筑业是整个美国以及纽约市工会化程度最高的行业之一。

It was a bastion of labor unionism.

它是工会主义的堡垒。

What no one realized at the time was that it was on the edge of a cliff.

当时没有人意识到它正处于悬崖边缘。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The World Trade Center rises as New York City is sinking.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，作者：《硬帽骚乱》：随着纽约市的下沉，世界贸易中心正在崛起。

And at the core of that decline is blue-collar New York.

而这种衰退的核心是纽约的蓝领阶层。

DENNIS DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: The '70s were kind of bad, you know, for construction.

丹尼斯·丹尼斯·米尔顿（DENNIS MILTON），钢铁工人：70 年代对于建筑业来说有点糟糕。

We had 1,300 members and only 650 were working.

我们有 1,300 名会员，但只有 650 名在工作。

You didn't even do construction.

你连建筑都没有做。

I mean, I did other things to support my family.

我的意思是，我做了其他事情来支持我的家人。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : Construction workers would never earn again what they earned in 1973.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：建筑工人的收入将再也无法达到 1973 年的水平。

And the average working man would 45 years later also not be earning more.

45 年后，普通工人的收入也不会增加。

GARY LABARBERA, PRESIDENT, NYC BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION TRADES COUNCIL: Wages did not rise with the explosion of corporate wealth.

加里·拉巴贝拉（Gary LABARBERA），纽约市建筑贸易委员会主席：工资并没有随着企业财富的爆炸式增长而上涨。

Corporate America has been trying to destroy us since the beginning of things.

美国企业界从一开始就一直试图摧毁我们。

DENNIS MILTON, IRONWORKER: Only elites have all the money, and they don't want to share it with nobody.

丹尼斯·米尔顿，钢铁工人：只有精英才拥有所有的钱，他们不想与任何人分享。

It’s not going to be good for the working class today.

这对今天的工人阶级来说不会有什么好处。

JOSHUA FREEMAN, HISTORIAN: The United States conceived of a new kind of world economy.

历史学家约书亚·弗里曼：美国构想了一种新型的世界经济。

And the World Trade Center ended up being the manifestation of the command and finance center of a new American century.

世界贸易中心最终成为美国新世纪指挥和金融中心的体现。

You know, this is gonna be the world’s tallest building.

你知道，这将是世界上最高的建筑。

DAVID PAUL KUHN, AUTHOR,: THE HARDHAT RIOT : The World Trade Center, which in its name becomes an icon of free trade, is built by the very class of people that will in time be decimated by globalization and free trade.

大卫·保罗·库恩 (DAVID PAUL KUHN)，《硬帽骚乱》作者：世界贸易中心以其名字成为自由贸易的象征，它是由那些最终将被全球化和自由贸易摧毁的阶层所建造的。

These men built an America that will leave them behind.

这些人建立了一个将把他们抛在身后的美国。

MICHAEL BALZANO, AIDE TO PRESIDENT NIXON: But see, this is what Nixon saw.

尼克松总统的助手迈克尔·巴尔扎诺：但是看，这就是尼克松所看到的。

They were performing a function that was essential to the survival of a society.

他们正在履行对社会生存至关重要的职能。

They wrapped themselves in that flag because that flag was the whole history of their country wrapped up.

他们把自己包裹在这面旗帜中，因为那面旗帜包裹着他们国家的整个历史。

It's a different culture.

这是一种不同的文化。

And the culture is you defend the things you love.

而文化就是你捍卫你所爱的事物。

In December 1969, the United States Selective Service conducted its first draft lottery since World War II, fueling a nationwide firestorm between those conscripted to serve and those who found a way out.

1969 年 12 月，美国兵役局进行了二战以来的第一次抽签，在应征入伍的人和找到出路的人之间引发了一场全国性的激烈争论。

Wall Street, New York.

纽约华尔街。

May 8th, 1970.

1970 年 5 月 8 日。

A bloody conflict that foreshadows America’s class and culture wars in the decades to come.

一场血腥冲突预示着美国未来几十年的阶级和文化战争。

At the dawn of the 1970s, blue-collar workers were re-shaping New York City's skyline.

20 世纪 70 年代初期，蓝领工人正在重塑纽约市的天际线。

But they were also building an America that would leave them behind.

但他们也在建设一个将他们抛在后面的美国。

Charisma, crisis, and the battle to lead New York through its most turbulent years.

魅力、危机以及带领纽约度过最动荡岁月的战斗。

On May 8, 1970, students protesting the Vietnam War gathered on the steps of New York City's Federal Hall.

1970年5月8日，抗议越南战争的学生聚集在纽约市联邦大厅的台阶上。

What happened next revealed America's great divide—and shaped the political and cultural landscape for decades to come.

接下来发生的事情揭示了美国的巨大分歧，并塑造了未来几十年的政治和文化格局。

The violent 1970 clash between student protestors and construction workers in downtown NY.

1970 年纽约市中心学生抗议者和建筑工人之间发生的暴力冲突。