The Greely Expedition
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper): "We have been lured here to our destruction.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀饰）：“我们被引诱到这里来走向毁灭。
We are 24 starved men; we have done all we can to help ourselves, and shall ever struggle on, but it drives me almost insane to face the future.
我们是24个挨饿的人；我们已经尽一切努力来帮助自己，并将永远奋斗下去，但这让我面对未来几乎发疯。
It is not the end that affrights anyone, but the road to be traveled to reach that goal.
令任何人感到恐惧的不是结局，而是实现这一目标所要走的道路。
To die is easy; very easy; it is only hard to strive, to endure, to live.
死是容易的；很容易；唯一困难的是努力、忍受、生活。
Adolphus Greely."
阿道夫·格里利。”
Narrator: "I will bear true faith." Every officer in the U.S. Army swore the oath to his country, but Lieutenant Adolphus Greely embodied it.
旁白：“我会怀有真正的信仰。”美国陆军的每一位军官都宣誓效忠祖国，但阿道夫斯·格里利中尉却体现了这一誓言。
He and his 24 men were about to leave the world behind and travel to the farthest reaches of the Arctic.
他和他的 24 个人即将离开这个世界，前往北极最远的地方。
There, they would take part in a revolutionary scientific mission, and explore the limits of the known world.
在那里，他们将参加一项革命性的科学任务，探索已知世界的极限。
It was everything Greely could have asked for.
这就是格里利所能要求的一切。
Jim Lotz, Writer: There was fame to be gained.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：名声是值得获得的。
There was glory to be gained.
荣耀是值得获得的。
And he had this very, very strong drive to make himself exceptional so that he would be recognized by the military.
他有非常非常强烈的动力让自己变得与众不同，这样他就能得到军方的认可。
Narrator: The military had been Greely's salvation.
旁白：军队是格里利的拯救者。
As a child he had seen his father crippled and his mother's life drained away in a Massachusetts mill town, and he wanted none of it.
当他还是个孩子的时候，他在马萨诸塞州的一个磨坊镇亲眼目睹了父亲的残废和母亲的生命的枯竭，而他对此一点也不想要。
He had escaped by volunteering for the Union, had survived the bloodiest fighting in the country's history, and led one of the first units of black troops.
他通过志愿加入联邦而逃脱，在该国历史上最血腥的战斗中幸存下来，并领导了第一支黑人部队。
The Civil War left him with a deep devotion to the Republic that had rescued him from obscurity.
内战使他对共和国产生了深深的热爱，这使他从默默无闻中解救出来。
He reenlisted in the peacetime army, and soon found himself expanding the telegraph network out west.
他重新加入了和平时期的军队，并很快发现自己正在将电报网络扩展到西部。
It was there that Greely found his calling.
正是在那里，格里利找到了自己的使命。
For the first time ever, man was beginning to unravel the mysteries of the weather, by using the telegraph to track it over hundreds and thousands of miles.
有史以来第一次，人类开始通过使用电报追踪成百上千英里的天气来解开天气之谜。
Greely was captivated by the study of the earth's climate, and by the belief that the key lay in the Polar Regions.
格里利着迷于对地球气候的研究，并相信关键在于极地地区。
When he heard talk of an Army expedition to the Arctic, he gave his life over to it.
当他听到有关陆军远征北极的消息时，他为之献出了自己的生命。
He spent years poring over scientific treatises, cultivating patrons, and studying accounts of earlier expeditions.
他花了数年时间钻研科学论文、培养赞助人并研究早期探险的记录。
And now, at last, here was a chance to truly make his mark in the world.
现在，终于有机会真正在世界上留下自己的印记了。
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper ): "July 7, 1881.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀饰）：“1881 年 7 月 7 日。
At 12:15 pm, St. John's time, our voyage commenced.
中午12点15分，圣约翰时间，我们的航行开始了。
We started off under the brightest of skies, with the finest of weather."
我们在最明亮的天空和最好的天气下出发。”
Michael Robinson, Historian: This was not simply some new Arctic expedition.
历史学家迈克尔罗宾逊：这不仅仅是一次新的北极探险。
This was really an attempt at a new science of the world.
这确实是对世界新科学的一次尝试。
It used to be in the 1700s that people would collect things and put them in cabinets of curiosity and try to identify and label what they were.
在 1700 年代，人们会收集东西并将它们放入好奇的柜子中，并尝试识别并标记它们是什么。
But scientists in the 19th century realize that they need to understand how the parts fit together.
但 19 世纪的科学家意识到他们需要了解这些部件是如何组合在一起的。
And it's really through that, that people like Darwin are able to come up with his theory of evolution.
正是通过这一点，像达尔文这样的人才能够提出他的进化论。
That holistic sense of science is really catching fire.
这种整体科学感确实很火爆。
And so in a sense people begin to envision the earth almost like an organism with a set of circulation systems.
因此，从某种意义上说，人们开始将地球想象成一个具有一套循环系统的有机体。
And the key to understanding this system was the Polar Regions.
理解这个系统的关键是极地地区。
Narrator: A coalition of scientists had enlisted the governments of 11 nations in an unprecedented quest to understand the earth's climate.
旁白：一个科学家联盟联合 11 个国家的政府进行了前所未有的探索，以了解地球的气候。
Called the First International Polar Year, it would create a chain of 14 stations around the Arctic, at which observers would collect synchronized meteorological, astronomical and magnetic data.
它被称为“第一个国际极地年”，它将在北极周围建立一个由 14 个站组成的链，观测者将在这些站上收集同步的气象、天文和地磁数据。
Michael Robinson, Historian: The hope was that this would offer the key to a new climatic understanding of the world.
历史学家迈克尔·罗宾逊：我们希望这能够提供了解世界新气候的关键。
That's what the stakes were in this expedition.
这就是这次探险的利害关系。
Narrator: Greely and his men would establish the northernmost station on the shores of Lady Franklin Bay, just 600 miles from the North Pole.
旁白：格里利和他的手下将在富兰克林夫人湾海岸建立最北端的车站，距离北极仅 600 英里。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: The trip up was amazingly easy.
历史学家 Philip Cronenwett： 登顶之旅非常轻松。
Given the time of year they should have encountered heavy pack ice which would have impeded their trip and it didn't.
考虑到一年中的这个时候，他们应该会遇到厚厚的浮冰，这会阻碍他们的旅行，但事实却没有。
They were able to move up there rather quickly.
他们能够很快地移动到那里。
Narrator: The real surprise was the ease with which they ran the narrow stretch of water between Cape Sabine on the coast of Ellesmere Island, and Littleton Island on the Greenland side.
旁白：真正令人惊讶的是，他们轻松地穿越了埃尔斯米尔岛海岸的萨宾角和格陵兰岛一侧的利特尔顿岛之间的狭窄水域。
The few whalers that ventured this far north often found the passage choked with ice that drifted south in the summer.Greely's orders were precise, but they took little account of the vagaries of the ice.
少数冒险向北航行的捕鲸者经常发现通道被夏季向南漂流的冰块堵塞。格里利的命令很明确，但他们很少考虑到冰块的变化无常。
At the end of the first year, the plans called for a ship to re-supply the station; at the end of the second year, another ship would sail north to bring them home.
第一年年底，计划要求一艘船为空间站重新补给；第二年年底，另一艘船将向北航行，将他们带回家。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: One of the organizers had recommended that they not have their own ship; he felt that ships were "cities of refuge" that made explorers timid.
Jerry Kobalenko，作家：组织者之一建议他们不要拥有自己的船；他认为船只是让探险家胆怯的“避难城”。
So almost unique among polar expeditions, they didn't have a ship with them.
他们没有携带船只，这在极地探险中几乎是独一无二的。
Narrator: On August 26th, 1881, the whaling ship Proteus sailed out of Lady Franklin Bay, leaving 25 men and 350 tons of supplies in one of the harshest environments on earth.
旁白：1881 年 8 月 26 日，捕鲸船 Proteus 驶出富兰克林夫人湾，将 25 名船员和 350 吨物资留在地球上最恶劣的环境之一。
They were on their own, with no connection to the outside world.
他们独自一人，与外界没有任何联系。
Greely was relieved: "I am glad the ship has gone," he wrote, "it settles the party down to its legitimate work." He had complete faith in his orders, in the United States Army and, above all, in himself.
格里利松了口气：“我很高兴这艘船已经走了，”他写道，“它让党安定下来从事合法的工作。”他对他的命令、对美国陆军、尤其是对他自己充满信心。
Greely was even more isolated than he knew.
格里利比他想象的更加孤立。
He and his men had few supporters back home.
他和他的部下在国内几乎没有支持者。
Most congressmen believed that the government had no business funding scientific endeavors.
大多数国会议员认为政府无权资助科学事业。
As for the Army's senior command, the whole affair was a pointless distraction from the Indian Wars in the West.
至于陆军高级指挥部，整个事件毫无意义地分散了人们对西方印第安人战争的注意力。
In the end, a small band of enthusiasts had secured funding for the expedition from a lame-duck Congress.
最终，一小群热衷者从跛脚鸭国会获得了这次探险的资金。
Greely's mission was an orphan, and it showed.
格里利的使命是一个孤儿，这一点已经表明了。
The Army had held up its start, leaving the lieutenant just a few weeks to recruit his men.
陆军推迟了出发时间，留给中尉的时间只有几周来招募士兵。
They had been drawn from a small pool of Army volunteers; none of the soldiers had ever been north; few had even been to sea.
他们是从一小群陆军志愿者中挑选出来的。这些士兵都没有去过北方。甚至很少有人出过海。
In fact, most were cavalrymen -- only weeks before they'd been stationed at outposts across the Great Plains.
事实上，大多数人都是骑兵——就在他们驻扎在大平原的前哨基地几周前。
Jim Lotz, Writer: I think some of them figured they when they were up there they can make their stash and come back and have a pocket of money because they would be paid but they would have no expenses up there...
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：我想他们中的一些人认为，当他们在那里的时候，他们可以把自己的藏品藏起来，然后回来并拥有一笔钱，因为他们会得到报酬，但他们在那里不会有任何开支......
nowhere to go.
无处可去。
Narrator: Whatever their reasons for being there, some of Greely's men were already distinguishing themselves.
旁白：无论他们来这里的原因是什么，格里利的一些人已经表现出了自己的特色。
Twenty-five-year-old Sergeant David Brainard set a fierce pace for the men as they raced to build the outpost they named Fort Conger.
二十五岁的大卫·布雷纳德中士带领士兵们竞相建造他们命名为康格堡的前哨基地。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: Brainard had a sense of adventure that many of the other men didn't have.
菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett），历史学家：布雷纳德具有许多其他人所没有的冒险精神。
But he understood orders.
但他明白命令。
An order was an order with David Brainard.
订单是大卫·布雷纳德的订单。
Narrator : George Rice, a 24-year-old photographer from Nova Scotia, lacked Brainard's military training, but he did share his sense of adventure.
旁白：乔治·赖斯 (George Rice) 是一位来自新斯科舍省的 24 岁摄影师，他缺乏布雷纳德的军事训练，但他确实分享了布雷纳德的冒险精神。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: Rice was not only the photographer on the expedition, but if anything had to be done Rice was volunteering to do it.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett）：赖斯不仅是这次探险的摄影师，而且如果有什么事情必须做，赖斯也自愿去做。
And he did it exceedingly well.
他做得非常好。
Narrator: The Greely expedition itself was adventure enough for most men, but Brainard and Rice were both drawn to a still greater challenge -- beating the record for Farthest North, a title that the British had held since 1607.
旁白：对于大多数人来说，格里利探险本身就已经足够冒险了，但布雷纳德和赖斯都被一个更大的挑战所吸引——打破最北的纪录，这是英国自 1607 年以来一直保持的称号。
Michael Robinson, Historian: In the late 19th century it was very difficult to get funding for projects like Greely's project.
历史学家迈克尔·罗宾逊：在 19 世纪末，像格里利的项目这样的项目很难获得资金。
It wasn't clear how this pure polar science would help Americans back home.
目前尚不清楚这种纯粹的极地科学将如何帮助美国人回国。
The federal government wanted payoff.
联邦政府想要得到回报。
They wanted something snazzy.
他们想要一些时髦的东西。
And so the American expedition had a secret agenda, which was to try to reach as far north as they could, to at least beat the British record.
因此，美国探险队有一个秘密议程，那就是尽可能向北航行，至少打破英国的纪录。
Narrator: This would be Greely's crowning achievement -- a nation devoted to the mastery of nature would surely honor the man who brought home the prize.
旁白：这将是格里利的最高成就——一个致力于征服自然的国家一定会向这位获奖者表示敬意。
But for now all that would have to wait.
但现在这一切都必须等待。
Winter was closing in.
冬天即将来临。
George Rice (Justin Mader): Thermometer range from -44.0 to -56.4, observed and corrected....
乔治·赖斯 (Justin Mader)：温度计范围从 -44.0 到 -56.4，观察并校正......
A still lower temperature today, from -47.2 to -57.2....
今天的气温更低，从-47.2℃到-57.2℃......
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: At those temperatures pee freezes before it hits the ground, and even your breath condenses into little crystals that snow down and fall on your sleeve.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：在这样的温度下，尿液在落地之前就会结冰，甚至你的呼吸也会凝结成小晶体，雪花般落下，落在你的袖子上。
So it's a really strange environment.
所以这是一个非常奇怪的环境。
Jim Lotz, Writer: Oh, it's a wondrous place.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：哦，这是一个奇妙的地方。
Just so huge and so uncaring and so vast in that very, very real sense that makes you feel so insignificant.
如此巨大、如此漠不关心、如此巨大，在非常非常真实的意义上让你感觉如此微不足道。
There is this real sense in isolation that you're in touch with something that's infinite, enormous, something that is beyond human ken, beyond human understanding.
在孤立中会有一种真正的感觉，那就是你接触到了无限的、巨大的、超出人类知识、超出人类理解的东西。
Narrator: As winter tightened its grip, Greely and the senior men kept up a rigorous routine: 500 measurements a day of wind speed, barometric pressure, magnetism, and dozens of other phenomena.
旁白：随着冬天的临近，格里利和高级人员保持着严格的日常工作：每天测量 500 次风速、气压、磁力和数十种其他现象。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: It had to be done and it had to be done at regular hours, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
历史学家 Philip Cronenwett：必须这样做，而且必须在固定时间、每周 7 天、每天 24 小时进行。
And if it was 60 below zero and the wind was blowing at 90 miles an hour you still needed to go out and gather that data.
如果气温低于零度 60 度且风速为每小时 90 英里，您仍然需要出去收集数据。
Narrator: For the enlisted men, winter enforced an idleness that was no less challenging.
旁白：对于士兵来说，冬天让他们变得无所事事，这同样具有挑战性。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: The most striking thing about an arctic winter is that it's totally dark.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：北极的冬天最引人注目的是它完全黑暗。
You've got essentially five months of pure light where the sun never sets, five months of dark, where the sun never rises.
基本上，你有五个月的纯光，太阳永远不会落下，五个月的黑暗，太阳永远不会升起。
There's not a lot to do.
没什么可做的。
Greely forbade his men from lying down during the day, so they would sit at benches arguing.
格里利禁止他的手下白天躺下，这样他们就坐在长凳上争论。
Jim Lotz, Writer: The whole atmosphere began to change as the winter got darker and darker and colder and colder.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：随着冬天变得越来越黑、越来越冷，整个气氛开始发生变化。
Narrator: At the age of 37, Greely had been commanding men for half his life.
旁白：37岁的格里利已经指挥了大半辈子了。
But in the isolation and confinement of Fort Conger, the strict discipline he had learned in the Civil War only stirred up resentment.
但在康格堡的孤立和禁闭中，他在内战中学到的严格纪律只会激起怨恨。
When Greely ordered his hard-bitten cavalrymen to tend to the officers' needs — including their laundry — some of the men took exception.
当格里利命令他的铁杆骑兵满足军官们的需要时——包括他们的衣服——一些人表示反对。
Even David Brainard was stunned by Greely's response.
就连大卫·布雷纳德也对格里利的反应感到震惊。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "A long talk was given to the crowd of angry and excited men by Lieutenant Greely, who said that he was not a man to be trifled with and in case of necessity he would not stop at the loss of human lives to restore order."
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波尔菲多饰）：“格里利中尉对一群愤怒而兴奋的人们进行了长篇大论，他说他不是一个好惹的人，在必要的情况下，他不会为了恢复秩序而牺牲生命。”
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: What commander is thinking of the final solution that early in the game?
Jerry Kobalenko，作家：哪个指挥官在游戏初期就在考虑最终的解决方案？
That's just being an insecure commander, uncertain with how to wield authority without clubbing your men over the head with it.
这只是一个没有安全感的指挥官，不确定如何运用权威而不用它来打击你的部下。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: It began to grate on the men very, very soon.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett）：很快，人们就开始对此感到恼火。
And that began, I think, the breakdown of discipline within the group.
我认为，这就是团队内部纪律崩溃的开始。
Narrator: The isolation affected everyone.
旁白：隔离影响了每个人。
In letters to his wife Henrietta -- letters that he could only store away until the relief ship arrived -- Greely gave voice to doubts and longings that he carefully concealed from the men.
在写给妻子亨利埃塔的信中——他只能把这些信收藏起来，直到救援船到达为止——格里利表达了他小心翼翼地向男人们隐瞒的疑虑和渴望。
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper): "It would never do that the commander should show signs of homesickness.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀饰）：“指挥官绝对不能表现出想家的迹象。
But I miss you so much, my darling, and want you so much."
但我非常想念你，亲爱的，也非常想要你。”
David Shedd, Greely Descendant: She must have seen something in him that he didn't express normally to other people.
大卫·谢德（David Shedd），格里利后裔：她一定在他身上看到了一些他通常不会向其他人表达的东西。
Judging just from these love letters it was obvious that he would do anything to sort of keep her attention.
仅从这些情书来看，他显然会做任何事来吸引她的注意力。
Narrator: As the only daughter of a bank president, Henrietta had grown up in wealth and comfort.
旁白：作为银行行长的独生女，亨利埃塔在富裕和舒适的环境中长大。
But there was steel behind the soft exterior -- "she likes to have her own way," Greely said fondly.
但柔软的外表背后却有钢铁般的力量——“她喜欢按自己的方式行事，”格里利深情地说。
Henrietta had resisted Greely's Arctic dreams from the first.
亨利埃塔从一开始就抵制格里利的北极梦想。
"Are not your ambition and pride guiding you," she had asked, "to the exclusion of all other thought?" But Greely never relented — not then, and not now.
“难道你的野心和骄傲没有引导你，”她问道，“排除所有其他想法吗？”但格里利从未松懈过——无论是过去，还是现在。
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper): "With all my yearnings for you I cannot bring myself to regret coming.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀饰）：“尽管我非常渴望你，但我不能让自己后悔来。
I shall at least have made my mark in the world.
我至少应该在世界上留下自己的印记。
To do what one has set his ambition on causes a vast deal of pain, sorrow and privation."
做一个人所设定的雄心壮志的事情会导致巨大的痛苦、悲伤和匮乏。”
Narrator: By March the camp had been awakened by the returning sun, and the entire crew galvanized by their next challenge: beating the British record for Farthest North.
旁白：三月份，营地被归来的太阳唤醒，全体船员都为下一个挑战而振奋：打破英国最北纪录。
Greely offered that challenge to two teams who would vie for the prize.
格里利向两支争夺奖项的队伍提出了这一挑战。
George Rice headed up the Ellesmere coast with one team, while David Brainard joined the other on the Greenland side.
乔治·赖斯 (George Rice) 率领一支队伍前往埃尔斯米尔 (Ellesmere) 海岸，而大卫·布雷纳德 (David Brainard) 则与另一支队伍一起前往格陵兰岛一侧。
After four weeks of hardships and setbacks, Rice and his companions had to turn back, empty-handed.
经过四个星期的艰辛和挫折，赖斯和他的同伴们不得不空手而归。
But Brainard was engaged in the adventure of a lifetime.
但布雷纳德正在进行一生难忘的冒险。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "May 13th 1882.
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波菲多）：“1882 年 5 月 13 日。
We have reached a higher latitude than ever before reached by mortal man.
我们已经到达了比凡人以前到达的更高的纬度。
We unfurled the glorious Stars and Stripes to the northern breezes with an exultation impossible to describe."
我们带着难以形容的喜悦，在北风中展开了辉煌的星条旗。”
Narrator: 83 degrees 23 minutes 8 seconds North.
旁白：北纬 83 度 23 分 8 秒。
For three centuries England had held the honors, but no more.
三个世纪以来，英格兰一直保持着这一荣誉，但仅此而已。
Brainard, Lockwood and Christiansen had traveled 60 days, covering almost a thousand miles in temperatures well below zero, through pain and snow blindness to within 455 miles of the North Pole.
布雷纳德、洛克伍德和克里斯蒂安森历时 60 天，在远低于零度的气温下行走了近 1000 英里，克服了疼痛和雪盲症，到达了距离北极不到 455 英里的地方。
They had beaten the British record by four miles.
他们比英国的纪录快了四英里。
At the new limit of the known world they flew a flag Henrietta had sewn, and carved the logo of Brainard's favorite beer into the rocks.
在已知世界的新极限，他们飘扬着亨利埃塔缝制的旗帜，并将布雷纳德最喜欢的啤酒的标志刻在岩石上。
On the 1st of June, 1882, Brainard and his companions returned to a boisterous welcome from their colleagues, and from their grateful commander.
1882 年 6 月 1 日，布雷纳德和他的同伴们回来了，受到了同事和心怀感激的指挥官的热烈欢迎。
With their victory secure the men settled back into the familiar routines, and explored the countryside as it was transformed by the ever-present sun.
随着胜利的到来，人们又回到了熟悉的生活中，探索了被永远存在的阳光所改变的乡村。
They looked forward to the relief ship; to new faces, letters from home, fresh supplies.
他们期盼着救援船的到来；新面孔、家信、新鲜物资。
But with each passing day, the tranquility of summer gave way to a growing uneasiness.
但随着时间一天天过去，夏天的宁静被越来越多的不安所取代。
By June some of the men could speak of little else.
到了六月，一些人就不再谈论其他事情了。
By the middle of July they had taken to climbing the hills to stare at the horizon.
到了七月中旬，他们开始爬山凝视地平线。
By the end of August they knew that the ship wasn't coming.
到八月底，他们知道船不会来了。
George Rice (Justin Mader): "All preparations for the ship's coming have ceased: we have accepted the inevitable conclusion.
乔治·赖斯（贾斯汀·马德饰）：“为船的到来所做的所有准备工作都已停止：我们已经接受了不可避免的结论。
The worst is that the failure of the ship's coming this year has shaken the confidence of many in its coming next year.
最糟糕的是，今年该船的失败动摇了许多人对其明年到来的信心。
George W.
乔治·W.
Rice."
米饭。”
Narrator: The re-supply mission had been a lackluster affair, run by a lowly Army private.
旁白：补给任务一直是一件平淡无奇的事情，由一名地位卑微的陆军二等兵负责。
But not even the most experienced sea captain could have penetrated the wall of ice at the bottleneck between Cape Sabine and Littleton Island.
但即使是最有经验的船长也无法穿透萨宾角和利特尔顿岛之间瓶颈处的冰墙。
Jim Lotz, Writer: Morale plummeted, just went straight through the floor.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），编剧：士气一落千丈，直接跌破了地板。
All these fears that weren't present in the first year began to weigh very, very heavily upon the soldiers.
所有这些第一年不存在的恐惧开始非常非常沉重地压在士兵们身上。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: The whole chemistry of the expedition worsens when the ship doesn't arrive.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：当船没有到达时，整个探险队的化学反应就会恶化。
Narrator: Through the long night, Greely pored over the contingency plans in his orders.
旁白：漫漫长夜，格里利仔细研究着命令中的应急预案。
If no ship had arrived by the end of the summer, these cavalrymen were to sail 250 miles over some of the most treacherous seas in the world in three tiny boats, make their way past the bottleneck of ice, and meet the ship at Cape Sabine.
如果到夏末还没有船只抵达，这些骑兵将乘坐三艘小船，在世界上最危险的海域航行 250 英里，越过冰层瓶颈，在萨宾角与船只会合。
If the Army was unable to reach them there, it would leave a rescue party waiting on the Greenland side, at Littleton Island.
如果陆军无法到达那里，救援队就会在格陵兰岛一侧的利特尔顿岛等待。
The prospect terrified the men, and Greely's repeated declarations that he intended to follow his orders to the letter further poisoned an already dangerous atmosphere.
这一前景让这些人感到恐惧，格里利一再声明他打算严格执行他的命令，这进一步加剧了本已危险的气氛。
The mission to bring the Greely Expedition home didn't leave St. John's until June 29th — late in the sailing season.
将格里利探险队带回家的任务直到 6 月 29 日（航行季节后期）才离开圣约翰。
Once again, it was clear that the Army had other priorities.
很明显，陆军还有其他优先事项。
Once again, a group of Army men sailed north on the Proteus, led by a man who had never been to sea: Lieutenant Ernest Garlington.
一群陆军人员再次乘坐海神号向北航行，领头的是一位从未出过海的人：欧内斯特·加林顿中尉。
And, once again, they ran into the ice.
然后，他们再一次撞进了冰里。
But this time, Garlington insisted on pushing ahead, and ordered the Proteus into a narrow lead, overruling the objections of the ship's veteran captain.
但这一次，加林顿坚持推进，并命令海神号以微弱优势领先，驳回了老船长的反对意见。
Within hours the ship was crushed and sent to the bottom of the sea, along with her precious cargo.
几个小时之内，这艘船就被压碎，连同珍贵的货物一起沉入海底。
Miraculously, Garlington's men all made their way to outposts on the Greenland coast over the next few weeks.
奇迹般的是，加林顿的部下在接下来的几周内全部抵达格陵兰海岸的前哨基地。
By then, the traumatized survivors could think of nothing but getting home.
到那时，遭受创伤的幸存者除了回家什么也不想。
The mission was abandoned.
任务被放弃了。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer : Garlington was supposed to over-winter on Littleton Island so Greely would at least have people nearby that could sled over to meet him.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），编剧：加灵顿本来应该在利特尔顿岛过冬，所以格里利至少会有附近的人可以乘雪橇来接他。
But none of that happened.
但那一切都没有发生。
Garlington just got the hell out of there.
加林顿刚刚离开那里。
Narrator: From the moment Henrietta learned of the Garlington disaster, she pleaded with the Signal Corps, with the Secretary of War, with the President himself, urging they make another effort in the last remaining days of the sailing season.
旁白：从亨利埃塔得知加林顿灾难的那一刻起，她就向通信兵、战争部长和总统本人恳求，敦促他们在航行季节的最后几天里再次做出努力。
Even if they couldn't reach her husband, at least they could leave a rescue party at Littleton Island.
即使他们联系不到她的丈夫，至少他们可以离开利特尔顿岛的救援队。
"Mr. Greely," she reminded them, "expressed to me complete faith in the government's care for its own expedition."
“格里利先生，”她提醒他们，“向我表达了对政府对其探险队的关心的完全信心。”
The response was slow in coming.
回应来得很慢。
"The Secretaries of Navy and War," it read, "concur that nothing can be done this season to reach Mr. Greely.
“海军部长和陆军部长一致认为，本季无法联系到格里利先生。”
He will be reached next year as early as possible."
我们将尽早在明年联系到他。”
Susan A.
苏珊·A.
Kaplan, Anthropologist: At Fort Conger they had everything they needed.
卡普兰，人类学家：在康格堡，他们拥有所需的一切。
They had a wonderful station that was warm and secure.
他们有一个很棒的车站，温暖而安全。
There was ample game.
有充足的比赛。
They could have lived there for years, probably unhappily, but they could have lived there for years.
他们本可以在那里住很多年，也许并不幸福，但他们本可以在那里住很多年。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: It just made absolutely no sense to leave Fort Conger.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett）：离开康格堡绝对没有意义。
Many of the men wrote in their private diaries that this was absolutely foolish.
许多人在他们的私人日记中写道，这绝对是愚蠢的。
It was insane to do this.
这样做太疯狂了。
Narrator: At three o'clock on the afternoon of August 9th, 1883, Sergeant Brainard shuttered the doors at Fort Conger, and hurried to join the crowd of sullen, fearful men waiting in the boats.
旁白：1883 年 8 月 9 日下午三点，布雷纳德中士关上了康格堡的大门，匆忙加入到等待在船上的一群阴沉而恐惧的人中。
Greely had ordered the abandonment of Fort Conger, and Brainard dutifully carried out his orders.
格里利下令放弃康格堡，布雷纳德尽职尽责地执行了他的命令。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: Greely was a serving lieutenant in the United States Army.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特：格里利是美国陆军的一名现役中尉。
He took his orders and he did what he was told to do.
他接受了他的命令，并做了他被告知要做的事情。
Unfortunately, the orders were written by someone who had absolutely no idea what was going on in the Arctic.
不幸的是，这些命令是由一个完全不知道北极正在发生什么的人写的。
Narrator: No sooner had they sailed into the ice-choked waters beyond Lady Franklin Bay, than Greely started to fall apart.
旁白：他们一驶入富兰克林夫人湾以外冰封的水域，格里利就开始崩溃了。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: I don't think Greely knew what to do, literally did not know what to do at that point.
菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett），历史学家：我认为格里利不知道该做什么，实际上当时不知道该做什么。
Jim Lotz, Writer: He started to blow his top, threatened to shoot some of the soldiers.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：他开始发脾气，威胁要射杀一些士兵。
He was lost.
他迷路了。
Narrator : Greely teetered on the brink, raging at the men one moment, and then disappearing into his sleeping bag for scandalously long stretches.
旁白：格里利在悬崖边缘摇摇欲坠，有一刻对这些人大发雷霆，然后就消失在睡袋里，持续了很长一段时间。
Brainard saw Greely's hold over the men vanishing.
布雷纳德看到格里利对这些人的控制消失了。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "The C.O.
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波菲多饰）：“C.O.
is seldom out of his bag.
很少从他的包里拿出来。
His appearance indicates the most abject cowardice....
他的外表表明了最卑鄙的怯懦......
The men don't lose sight of the gross ignorance and incapacity of the man who brought them to this present strait."
人们并没有忽视那个把他们带到目前这个困境的人的严重无知和无能。”
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: We're all forged to a certain extent in adversity.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：我们在某种程度上都是在逆境中锻炼出来的。
Our personalities really define themselves in adversity, and people like Rice and Brainard were showing what they were made of.
我们的性格确实在逆境中定义了自己，像赖斯和布雷纳德这样的人正在展示他们的性格。
Jim Lotz, Writer: Rice had some experience of boats.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：赖斯有一些关于船的经验。
He spent some time in boats in Cape Breton.
他在布雷顿角的船上度过了一段时间。
He was up on the bow looking for the leads ahead.
他站在船头寻找前方的线索。
He became a navigator.
他成为了一名航海家。
And he was very, very highly regarded for this role.
他对这个角色的评价非常非常高。
He fell overboard about four times and they pulled him back in.
他大约四次从船上掉下来，他们把他拉了回来。
He said, "Well I've had more baths than you guys have had all year."
他说：“好吧，我这一整年洗的澡比你们洗的次数还多。”
Narrator: Despite Rice's leadership they were barely moving, and they were running out of coal.
旁白：尽管有赖斯的领导，他们几乎没有动弹，而且煤炭也快用完了。
One week after leaving Fort Conger, Greely told his officers that he was considering abandoning the steam boat and loading their supplies onto an ice floe, trusting the currents to carry them south.
离开康格堡一周后，格里利告诉他的军官，他正在考虑放弃蒸汽船，将补给品装载到浮冰上，相信水流会将他们带到南方。
Like most others, Brainard desperately wanted to turn back and winter at Fort Conger.
和大多数其他人一样，布雷纳德非常想返回康格堡过冬。
Greely's plan was "insanity," he wrote, "and if my opinion is ever asked I shall tell what I think."
格里利的计划是“疯狂的”，他写道，“如果有人问我的意见，我会说出我的想法。”
It wasn't, at least not by Greely.
事实并非如此，至少格里利不是。
That night, as Greely slept, three men approached Brainard with a plan.
那天晚上，当格里利熟睡时，三个人向布雷纳德提出了一个计划。
The expedition's doctor would declare Greely insane, and another officer would lead the men back to Fort Conger.
探险队的医生会宣布格里利精神错乱，另一名军官将带领大家返回康格堡。
Brainard was the key to the plan -- the men would follow their first sergeant.
布雷纳德是该计划的关键——这些人将跟随他们的第一中士。
He was, in short, being asked to lead a mutiny.
简而言之，他被要求领导一场叛变。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: But Brainard was a very straight man, and although he had joined the Army very casually he took its precepts seriously.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：但是布雷纳德是一个非常正直的人，尽管他很随意地参军，但他却认真地遵守了军队的戒律。
Narrator : If they got rid of Greely, what then?
旁白：如果他们摆脱了格力，那又怎样？
Freed from the restraints of military discipline, how would 25 men fare in a lawless wilderness over the coming winter, or two, or three?
摆脱了军纪的束缚，25个人，或者两个，或者三个人，在即将到来的冬天，在无法无天的荒野中将如何生活？
For Brainard, a collapse of discipline meant certain disaster; he would have no part in it.
对于布雷纳德来说，纪律的崩溃意味着一定的灾难。他不会参与其中。
Without Brainard's support, the conspiracy fell apart.
没有布雷纳德的支持，阴谋就失败了。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "We have crossed the Rubicon, and to turn back now is out of the question.
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波菲多）：“我们已经渡过了卢比孔河，现在不可能回头了。
We must advance, although I am fearful it will result in disaster."
我们必须前进，尽管我担心这会导致灾难。”
Narrator: Two weeks after they left Fort Conger, the ice seized up.
旁白：他们离开康格堡两周后，冰块就结起来了。
With the steamboat hopelessly trapped, Greely no longer had any choice.
轮船被困得无药可救，格里利已经别无选择。
Reluctantly, the men dragged the supplies and their two fragile whaleboats onto an ice floe.
这些人不情愿地把补给品和他们的两艘脆弱的捕鲸船拖到浮冰上。
Now they were at the mercy of the winds and tides.
现在他们任由风和潮汐摆布。
Greely's officers seethed with anger, but they agreed with him on one point: the scientific records would not be left behind.
格里利的军官们怒不可遏，但他们同意他的观点：科学记录不会被留下。
Michael Robinson, Historian: As the men begin to contemplate that they may not return home, then suddenly leaving behind some kind of legacy for all this pain and suffering becomes more important.
历史学家迈克尔·罗宾逊：当人们开始考虑他们可能无法回家时，突然为所有这些痛苦和磨难留下某种遗产就变得更加重要。
Their impending death gives this greater meaning.
他们即将到来的死亡赋予了这一点更大的意义。
Narrator: And so they drifted.
旁白：于是他们就漂流了。
Days went by, and weeks.
日子一天天过去，几周过去了。
Storms battered them mercilessly, until they huddled on a piece of ice barely large enough to hold them.
暴风雨无情地袭击着他们，直到他们挤在一块几乎容不下他们的冰上。
Then, suddenly, after 51 days at sea, and with only a few days of pale sun remaining, Greely and his men washed up on the rocky, barren shores near Cape Sabine.
然后，在海上航行了 51 天之后，只剩下几天的苍白阳光，格里利和他的手下突然被冲上了萨宾角附近多岩石、贫瘠的海岸。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: They all should have died.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特：他们都应该死。
It's amazing that they didn't all die.
令人惊奇的是他们没有全部死掉。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: It's a piece of rock spat out from hell and allowed to cool.
杰瑞·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），编剧：这是一块从地狱吐出来并冷却的岩石。
It's red granite, very little grows there.
这是红色花岗岩，那里生长得很少。
The muskox and caribou that they would've got further north at Fort Conger don't go there.
他们本来可以在康格堡向北到达的麝牛和驯鹿不会去那里。
It's a horrid place.
这是一个可怕的地方。
Narrator: Despite the bleak surroundings, Greely's men soon discovered a surprising source of comfort: their commanding officer.
旁白：尽管周围环境荒凉，格里利的部下很快就发现了一个令人惊讶的安慰来源：他们的指挥官。
Adrift at sea, Greely had cowered in his sleeping bag; back on land, he was cool headed and effective.
格里利在海上漂流，他蜷缩在睡袋里。回到陆地后，他头脑冷静，办事效率高。
He led the effort to build a shelter in the gathering darkness, and dispatched missions to find caches of food.
他带领人们在夜幕降临时搭建了避难所，并派出任务去寻找食物储备。
After 51 days of helplessness on the ice, his men now welcomed a sense of order.
在冰上度过了 51 天的无助之后，他的队员们现在迎来了一种秩序感。
For the first time since the expedition had begun two years earlier, they saw in Greely their only chance of survival.
自从两年前探险开始以来，他们第一次在格里利身上看到了唯一的生存机会。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: They almost began to understand why it was necessary to have that military command that he had been talking about for the previous several years.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett）：他们几乎开始理解为什么有必要拥有他过去几年一直在谈论的军事指挥权。
If they didn't work together, if they didn't obey what Lieutenant Greely said that they needed to do they were all going to die.
如果他们不一起工作，如果他们不遵守格里利中尉所说的他们需要做的事情，他们都会死。
Narrator: Greely was stunned at the barrenness of their surroundings, but he took heart from the thought that they had made it to within reach of safety.
旁白：格里利对周围的荒芜感到震惊，但想到他们已经安全到达了，他又感到振奋。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: Greely believed that there were rescuers who were spending the winter on Littleton Island on the Greenland side, and that by the time spring came they would be rescued, and there'd be a lot of help coming.
作家杰里·科巴连科：格里利相信，格陵兰岛一侧的利特尔顿岛上有救援人员正在过冬，到了春天到来的时候，他们就会获救，并且会有很多帮助到来。
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper ): "The party are in very high spirit, feeling certain we can get through.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀）：“大家的士气很高，确信我们能够渡过难关。
I, however, am fully aware of the very dangerous situation we are yet in.
然而，我充分意识到我们目前所处的处境非常危险。
I am determined to make our food last until April 1st."
我决心让我们的食物保质到 4 月 1 日。”
Narrator: As the sun disappeared for the last time in 110 days, the men crawled into the dark, freezing hut they named Camp Clay.
旁白：当太阳 110 天以来最后一次消失时，人们爬进了黑暗、冰冷的小屋，他们将其命名为“克莱营”。
There was scarcely room to lie down.
几乎没有地方可以躺下。
But the crowding, the darkness, the cold and all of their other afflictions would soon be eclipsed by one cruel obsession: food.
但拥挤、黑暗、寒冷和所有其他痛苦很快就会被一种残酷的痴迷所掩盖：食物。
Brainard was in charge of their meager provisions.
布雷纳德负责他们微薄的供给。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "This afternoon I opened a barrel of dog biscuit and found a large percentage entirely ruined.
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波菲多）：“今天下午，我打开一桶狗饼干，发现很大一部分完全毁了。
That which was thoroughly rotten and covered with green mold was thrown on the ground, and was eagerly devoured by the half-famished party.
那些已经彻底腐烂、长满绿色霉菌的东西被扔在地上，被饥肠辘辘的一行人狼吞虎咽地吃掉。
What, I wonder, will be our condition when we undergo a still greater reduction in our rations?"
我想知道，当我们的口粮进一步减少时，我们的处境会怎样？”
Narrator: Greely tried to counter the despair with a careful system of rationing.
旁白：格里利试图通过谨慎的配给制度来对抗绝望。
But there was no escaping the simple truth: they needed more food, or they were going to die.
但无法逃避一个简单的事实：他们需要更多的食物，否则他们就会死。
George Rice had already led a series of searches, looking for stockpiles of food left by previous Arctic explorers.
乔治·赖斯已经领导了一系列搜寻工作，寻找以前的北极探险者留下的食物储备。
At the beginning of November, he led a last effort before winter closed in.
11月初，他在冬季来临前进行了最后一次努力。
Five days out he and his men finally came across 150 pounds of precious meat that had been stored away by an earlier British expedition.
五天后，他和他的手下终于找到了 150 磅珍贵的肉，这些肉是先前英国探险队储存的。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: They were just trying to hurry there and hurry back.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：他们只是想快点去那里，然后快点回来。
But hurrying, doing big miles with no sleep, probably no rest and no food or even water, it would've been very easy to get frostbite.
但如果匆匆忙忙、没有睡眠、可能没有休息、没有食物甚至水，就很容易被冻伤。
And that's what happened to Ellison.
这就是埃里森身上发生的事情。
Jim Lotz, Writer: Ellison just collapsed.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：埃里森刚刚崩溃了。
His hands and feet were frozen.
他的手脚都冻僵了。
And Rice, who was in charge of the party, had to make the decision either we take the rations or we take Ellison.
负责该党的赖斯必须做出决定，要么我们接受口粮，要么我们接受埃里森。
And he decided to take Ellison.
他决定选择埃里森。
Narrator: The survivors dragged their crippled, screaming companion across the frozen wasteland until they were all near the point of collapse.
旁白：幸存者们拖着他们残废、尖叫的同伴穿过冰冻的荒原，直到他们都快要崩溃了。
Rice summoned the will to continue on alone for 12 more hours to Camp Clay, and sent out a rescue party.
赖斯鼓起勇气继续独自继续前行 12 个小时，抵达克莱营，并派出了一支救援队。
Brainard led the mission.
布雷纳德领导了这次任务。
By the time they reached Ellison, he was near death.
当他们到达埃里森时，他已濒临死亡。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "Ellison was a pitiable sight, with his face distorted and frozen, and his limbs ice-like and useless.
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波菲多饰）：“埃里森的样子很可怜，他的脸扭曲且僵硬，四肢冰冷无用。
I tried to cheer him, but he would repeat in a low, pleading voice, 'please kill me, won't you!' ....
我试图让他高兴起来，但他会用低沉、恳求的声音重复道：“请杀了我，好吗？” ....
We at last reached Camp Clay at 2:10 am.
凌晨2点10分，我们终于到达了Clay Camp。
Never before had rough bearded men evinced more sympathy and tenderness towards a crippled comrade."
粗鲁的胡须男人从来没有对一个残疾的同志表现出如此多的同情和温柔。”
Susan A.
苏珊·A.
Kaplan, Anthropologist: These men were really extraordinary in the care that they took of one another.
卡普兰，人类学家：这些人在互相照顾方面确实非常出色。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: You're beginning to see the strong people become stronger, and the weak people become weaker.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：你开始看到强者变得更强，弱者变得更弱。
People like Rice and Brainard are becoming more than they were as a result of this trial by fire.
经过这场火的考验，像赖斯和布雷纳德这样的人正在变得比以前更加优秀。
But the real surprise is that Greely really came into his own when the chips were down.
但真正令人惊讶的是，当形势危急时，格里利真的发挥了自己的作用。
Narrator: In this crucible of suffering Greely had been stripped of his vanities and ambitions, his iron will tempered with compassion.
旁白：在这场苦难的严酷考验中，格里利被剥夺了虚荣和野心，他钢铁般的意志因同情心而得到锻炼。
Drawing on the examples of Rice and Brainard, he cultivated an atmosphere of shared sacrifice, giving his rations to a sick companion, or taking on unpleasant chores himself.
他借鉴赖斯和布雷纳德的例子，营造了一种共同牺牲的氛围，将自己的口粮送给生病的同伴，或者自己承担不愉快的家务。
So when Greely ordered everyone's rations cut to provide extra for Ellison, there was no argument.
因此，当格里利下令削减每个人的口粮以便为埃里森提供额外的食物时，没有人争论。
"Lieutenant Greely has shown himself to be a man of more force of character and in every way greater than I had believed him to be," one of the men wrote.
其中一名男子写道：“格里利中尉表现出的性格更有力量，在各方面都比我想象的更伟大。”
"I am very sorry not to have found out sooner his full worth."
“我很遗憾没有早点发现他的全部价值。”
Even as Greely won over his men in that third winter, he had come to grasp the unthinkable: they had been abandoned.
即使格里利在第三个冬天赢得了他的部下，他也开始意识到不可思议的事情：他们被抛弃了。
There was no rescue party waiting at Littleton Island -- there would be no deliverance on April 1st, or May 1st, or June 1st.
利特尔顿岛并没有等待救援的队伍——4 月 1 日、5 月 1 日或 6 月 1 日不会有救援。
Even if the government did send another mission, it couldn't reach them before mid-summer.
即使政府再派出一个使团，在仲夏之前也无法到达他们那里。
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper): "No game, no food, and apparently no hopes from Littleton Island.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀）：“没有游戏，没有食物，显然利特尔顿岛没有希望。
We have been lured here to our destruction."
我们被引诱到这里来走向毁灭。”
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "Ellison's right foot dropped off this morning without his knowledge.
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波菲多）：“今天早上埃里森的右脚在他不知情的情况下掉了下来。
The fact was carefully concealed from him.
这个事实被小心翼翼地向他隐瞒了。
One of his fingers fell off a few days ago, and several others will follow in a short time."
几天前，他的一根手指掉了下来，不久之后，其他几根手指也会随之脱落。”
Narrator: On January 18th the men gathered on a rocky hill that would become known as Cemetery Ridge.
旁白：1 月 18 日，人们聚集在一座岩石山上，这座山后来被称为公墓岭。
Officially, William Cross's death was chalked up to an obscure disease, but everyone knew the real cause: starvation.
官方将威廉·克罗斯的死亡归因于一种不起眼的疾病，但每个人都知道真正的原因：饥饿。
It was the expedition's first funeral.
这是探险队的第一次葬礼。
George Rice (Justin Mader): "Ellis tells me of being intimidated by the other occupants of his sleeping bag and talks of cannibalism.
乔治·赖斯（贾斯汀·马德饰）：“埃利斯告诉我，他被睡袋里的其他人吓到了，还谈到了同类相食的事。
I much fear the horrors of our last days here.
我非常害怕我们在这里最后几天的恐怖。
George W.
乔治·W.
Rice."
米饭。”
Narrator: Rice drove himself past the point of exhaustion, seeking to ensure their survival.
旁白：为了确保他们的生存，赖斯让自己精疲力尽。
He gathered hundreds of pounds of tiny crustaceans that appeared at the water's edge in the spring.
他收集了数百磅春天出现在水边的微小甲壳类动物。
He tried to walk across the ice to Greenland to look for the rescue party, but was turned back by open water.
他试图步行穿过冰面前往格陵兰岛寻找救援队，但被开阔的水域挡住了。
Finally, at the beginning of March, he volunteered to take "Shorty" Fredericks to look for the meat they had abandoned when Ellison collapsed.
最后，在三月初，他自愿带着“矮子”弗雷德里克斯去寻找埃里森倒下时他们遗弃的肉。
George Rice (Justin Mader): "There's a hard trip before Shorty and myself.
乔治·赖斯（贾斯汀·马德饰）：“在我和肖蒂面前，还有一段艰难的旅程。
I start tomorrow, although I am pretty well used up, weakened and hungry."
我明天就开始了，尽管我已经很疲惫、虚弱而且饥饿了。”
Narrator: As the sled was being readied, Rice's bunkmate died.
旁白：当雪橇准备就绪时，赖斯的室友去世了。
Too exhausted to bury him, Rice crawled in beside the corpse for a few hours' sleep, and then headed out with Fredericks into the half-light.
赖斯太累了，无法埋葬他，于是他爬到尸体旁边睡了几个小时，然后和弗雷德里克斯一起走进昏暗的灯光下。
Just a few hours out, Rice and Fredericks were forced to hide in their sleeping bag as a gale battered them for 22 hours.
就在几个小时后，赖斯和弗雷德里克斯被迫躲在睡袋里，狂风袭击了他们长达 22 个小时。
When they were finally able to leave their encampment, Fredericks noticed that Rice was failing.
当他们终于能够离开营地时，弗雷德里克斯注意到赖斯正在失败。
The two men took shelter behind an iceberg.
两人躲在冰山后面。
Rice claimed that he was just tired, and even joked feebly with Fredericks, but then his mind began to wander.
赖斯声称自己只是累了，甚至还和弗雷德里克斯开着无力的玩笑，但随后他的思绪开始走神。
Fredericks watched in desperation as Rice was taken up with recollections of home and food, and then slowly drifted into unconsciousness.
弗雷德里克斯绝望地看着赖斯沉浸在对家乡和食物的回忆中，然后慢慢陷入昏迷。
Jim Lotz, Writer: It's astonishing in this extreme situation, the affection of these tough western soldiers.
作家吉姆·洛茨：在这种极端的情况下，这些坚韧的西方士兵的感情令人惊讶。
And Fredericks does all he can to sustain him.
弗雷德里克斯竭尽全力支持他。
He even took his parka off and wrapped it around Rice.
他甚至脱下派克大衣，裹在赖斯身上。
Narrator: George Rice died in Fredericks' arms that evening.
旁白：乔治·赖斯那天晚上死在弗雷德里克斯的怀里。
"I stooped and kissed the cheek of my dead companion," Fredericks recalled, "and left him there for the wild winds of the Arctic to sweep over."
“我弯下腰，亲吻了死去同伴的脸颊，”弗雷德里克斯回忆道，“然后把他留在那里，让北极的狂风席卷而来。”
By now, Fredericks himself was half-frozen.
此时，弗雷德里克斯本人已经半冻僵了。
For seven hours, he dragged himself across the ice field before finally reaching their sleeping bag.
他在冰原上拖了七个小时才终于到达他们的睡袋。
Then, after just a few hours' rest, rather than returning to safety at Camp Clay, he chose to walk back to Rice's unburied body.
然后，在休息了几个小时后，他没有返回安全的克莱营，而是选择步行回到赖斯未埋葬的尸体旁。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: It was an amazing, kind of an amazing gesture.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：这是一个令人惊奇的、令人惊奇的举动。
And he hacked some ice to create a makeshift grave for Rice.
他还砍了一些冰块，为赖斯建造了一个临时坟墓。
Clearly, Rice had earned more than respect, almost adulation for all his efforts.
显然，赖斯赢得的不仅仅是尊重，甚至是对他所有努力的赞扬。
And then Fredericks brought back all of Rice's unused food to the group.
然后弗雷德里克斯把赖斯所有未使用的食物带回给大家。
It's as if he had been inspired by his friend's unselfishness.
就好像他被朋友的无私所激励了。
It's quite moving.
很感人。
Narrator: "Rice," Brainard wrote, "was as brave and noble as any man the world has ever known."
旁白：“赖斯，”布雷纳德写道，“是世界上有史以来最勇敢和高尚的人。”
As death began to stalk Camp Clay, Henrietta gave up on the men in Washington.
当死亡开始笼罩克莱营时，亨利埃塔放弃了华盛顿的人。
Ever since being rebuffed by the Secretaries of Navy and War, she had urged the mounting of another rescue mission.
自从遭到海军部长和陆军部长的拒绝后，她一直敦促发起另一次救援任务。
But her pleas had yielded nothing but cold, evasive replies.
但她的恳求只得到了冷漠、闪烁其辞的答复。
No one would take responsibility.
没有人会承担责任。
David Shedd, Greely Descendant: It would almost be as if we sent people out into space, lost track of them, and then argued about whether we could afford to go look for them.
大卫·谢德（David Shedd），《格里利后裔》：这几乎就像我们把人们送入太空，失去了他们的踪迹，然后争论我们是否有能力去寻找他们。
Narrator: If Henrietta was ever going to see her husband again, she would have to turn the will of Congress, the Army, and the President.
旁白：如果亨利埃塔想要再次见到她的丈夫，她就必须改变国会、军队和总统的意愿。
Henrietta took her cause to the press.
亨利埃塔向媒体表达了她的诉求。
She didn't have many connections, but she worked them tirelessly, urging one cousin to pester the Chicago Tribune, another the Atlanta Constitution, while others did the same in Denver, New Orleans, Philadelphia and elsewhere.
她没有太多的人脉，但她不知疲倦地与他们打交道，敦促一位表弟纠缠《芝加哥论坛报》，另一位表弟纠缠《亚特兰大宪法》，而其他人在丹佛、新奥尔良、费城和其他地方也做了同样的事情。
Michael Robinson, Historian: The rising clamor among the popular press for the government to do something about it, and the fingers that were being pointed at the Secretary of War and the Army were fueling public interest in it.
历史学家迈克尔·罗宾逊：大众媒体要求政府对此采取行动的呼声日益高涨，而对战争部长和陆军的指责也加剧了公众对此的兴趣。
Jim Lotz, Writer: It became very obvious that the army had screwed up to put it mildly and the media started to ask about these things.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：很明显，温和地说，军队搞砸了，媒体开始询问这些事情。
Then the pressure became stronger and stronger and stronger until they just had to do, the military had to do something.
然后压力变得越来越大，直到他们不得不做一些事情，军队不得不做点什么。
Narrator: The Greely expedition had caused barely a ripple when it left three years earlier; but now the public was clamoring for its rescue.
旁白：三年前格力远征离开时，几乎没有引起什么涟漪；但现在公众强烈要求救援。
On the 23rd of April 1884, the first of three rescue ships sailed out of New York, cheered on by crowds lining the new Brooklyn Bridge.
1884 年 4 月 23 日，三艘救援船中的第一艘驶离纽约，受到新布鲁克林大桥两旁人群的欢呼。
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper): "June 6th, 1884.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀饰演）：“1884 年 6 月 6 日。
Private Henry will be shot today.
二等兵亨利今天将被枪决。
This order is imperative and absolutely necessary for any chance of life.
这个命令对于任何生命机会来说都是必要的和绝对必要的。
Lieutenant A.W.
A.W.中尉
Greely."
格里利。”
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: Henry was a big guy, he'd begged to get on Greely's expedition...
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），编剧：亨利是个大人物，他恳求加入格里利的探险队......
but he had a very checkered history.
但他有一段非常曲折的历史。
Henry just stole food and to hell with it.
亨利只是偷了食物然后见鬼去吧。
And it got to the point where Greely warned him, "listen we can't have you stealing food." But he was the strongest man.
格里利警告他，“听着，我们不能让你偷食物。”但他却是最强的男人。
He figured he could handle himself.
他认为他可以应付自己。
They were too weak to do anything about it.
他们太虚弱了，无能为力。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: It was absolutely necessary that that happen because he would in fact have stolen more and more food as the men became weaker and weaker and they would have all died.
菲利普·克罗南威特，历史学家：这种情况发生是绝对必要的，因为随着人们变得越来越虚弱，他实际上会偷走越来越多的食物，他们都会死掉。
Narrator: The fact was, they were all dying.
旁白：事实是，他们都快死了。
Death had come in waves — five in the second week of April, four in the middle of May.
死亡一波又一波地袭来——四月第二周有五起死亡，五月中旬有四起。
By the beginning of June only 14 men remained, eating moss, candle wax, bird droppings.
到 6 月初，只剩下 14 个人，以苔藓、烛蜡和鸟粪为食。
The survivors came to recognize the mental breakdown that presaged death.
幸存者逐渐认识到精神崩溃预示着死亡。
"At the first wanderings," Greely wrote, "we looked at each other, conscious that still another was about to pass away." The encampment was littered with unburied bodies.
“第一次徘徊时，”格里利写道，“我们互相看着对方，意识到还有一个即将去世。”营地里散落着未掩埋的尸体。
Greely himself was having difficulty thinking and speaking clearly, and his heart was weakening.
格利利本人已经无法清晰地思考和说话，心脏也日渐衰弱。
When he gave the order to shoot Henry it caused barely a murmur of protest.
当他下令射杀亨利时，几乎没有引起任何抗议。
The 10 remaining survivors confided wills, testaments, and farewells to their journals.
剩下的 10 名幸存者在日记中写下遗嘱、遗嘱和告别。
David Brainard wanted the world to know about the commander he had once despised.
大卫·布雷纳德希望全世界都了解这位他曾经鄙视的指挥官。
David Brainard (Rich Porfido): "I had rather be laid out by his side on Cemetery Ridge, than go back without him, so great is the respect, admiration and affection that I have formed towards him this winter."
大卫·布雷纳德（里奇·波尔菲多饰）：“我宁愿躺在公墓岭的他身边，也不愿在没有他的情况下回去，因为今年冬天我对他形成了极大的尊重、钦佩和喜爱。”
Adolphus W.
阿道夫斯·W.
Greely (Tim Hopper): "Darling Retta, We but await the grave.
格里利（蒂姆·霍珀饰）：“亲爱的雷塔，我们只是在等待坟墓。
Do not wear mourning for me.
不要为我穿丧服。
How happy we were four years ago at the Aberdeen Hotel...."
四年前我们在阿伯丁酒店是多么幸福啊……”
Narrator: June 20th was the sixth anniversary of Greely's wedding.
旁白：6月20日是格力结婚六周年纪念日。
He marked the occasion by putting his wedding ring back on, telling one of the men, "I have a feeling it may bring us good fortune." But that night a bitter storm collapsed the tent the seven survivors had occupied when the shelter flooded.
他重新戴上结婚戒指来纪念这一时刻，并对其中一名男子说：“我有一种感觉，这可能会给我们带来好运。”但那天晚上，一场猛烈的暴风雨摧毁了避难所被洪水淹没时七名幸存者所居住的帐篷。
For 24 hours they drifted in and out of consciousness, so that no one was quite sure whether they had really heard a ship's whistle the next evening.
在接下来的 24 小时里，他们时而昏迷，时而昏迷，因此没人能确定第二天晚上他们是否真的听到了轮船的汽笛声。
When members of the rescue party reached Camp Clay, they came upon a scene of horror.
当救援队成员到达克莱营时，他们看到了恐怖的一幕。
"Close to the opening lay what was apparently a dead man," one recalled.
“靠近开口处躺着一个显然是死人的人，”一位回忆道。
"On the opposite side was a poor fellow without hands or feet, with a spoon tied to the stump of his right arm.
“对面是一个没有手脚的可怜人，右臂残端上绑着一把勺子。
Two others were pouring some liquid from a rubber bottle into a tin can.
另外两个人正在将橡胶瓶中的一些液体倒入锡罐中。
Directly opposite, on his hands and knees, was a dark man in a tattered dressing-gown, with a long matted beard, and brilliant, staring eyes.
在他的正对面，跪着的是一个身穿破烂晨衣的黑人男子，留着长长的胡须，眼睛闪闪发亮。
'Who are you?' we asked.
“你是谁？”我们问。
'Greely, is this you?'"
“格里利，是你吗？”
The expedition's scientific records were retrieved and despite Greely's strenuous objections the bodies on Cemetery Ridge exhumed.
探险队的科学记录被取回，尽管格里利极力反对，墓地岭上的尸体还是被挖掘出来。
The ship's doctor reported that none of the survivors would have lasted another 48 hours.
船上的医生报告说，没有一个幸存者能够再坚持 48 小时。
Ellison was the last casualty: he died on board after a series of amputations.
埃里森是最后一名伤亡者：他在经历了一系列截肢手术后死在船上。
Of the original 25 men, only six would return home.
最初的 25 人中，只有 6 人会回家。
J erry Kobalenko, Writer: The survivors must have been in shock on that entire trip home.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），作家：幸存者在回家的整个过程中一定处于震惊之中。
One afternoon Brainard was standing near the galley and one of the crew asked him, what he was doing.
一天下午，布雷纳德站在厨房附近，一名船员问他在做什么。
And he was saying, I was just watching them throwing out the garbage, and in the last hour he saw enough food thrown out to have saved the lives of their 19 dead.
他说，我只是看着他们扔垃圾，在最后一个小时里，他看到扔掉的食物足以挽救 19 名死者的生命。
Narrator: On arriving at St. John's, Greely wired Washington: "For the first time in three centuries," Greely proclaimed, "England yields the honor of the farthest north.
旁白：到达圣约翰学院后，格里利给华盛顿发电报：“三个世纪以来，第一次，”格里利宣称，“英格兰获得了最北端的荣誉。
The two years' station duties, observations, explorations, and the retreat to Cape Sabine were accomplished without loss of life, disease, serious accident or even frostbite." Adolphus Greely wanted the world to know that he had fulfilled his two-year mission.
两年的驻地任务、观察、探索和撤退到萨宾角，没有人员伤亡、疾病、严重事故，甚至冻伤。”阿道夫·格里利希望全世界都知道他已经完成了两年的使命。
As for the horrors of the last winter, someone else would have to answer for that.
至于去年冬天的恐怖事件，则必须由其他人来负责。
And by this time talk of those horrors had begun to circulate.
此时，有关这些恐怖事件的讨论已经开始流传。
Philip Cronenwett, Historian: It was very clear that some of the bodies had had flesh stripped off, and that it, the flesh had been cut off with a knife.
历史学家菲利普·克罗南威特（Philip Cronenwett）：很明显，有些尸体的肉被剥掉了，而且肉是被刀切掉的。
Clearly humans had taken that flesh off.
显然人类已经把那块肉剥掉了。
Jim Lotz, Writer: There was an effort to cover up and to conceal the cannibalism but there's no way you can make any information system airtight.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：有人试图掩盖和掩盖同类相食的行为，但你无法让任何信息系统无懈可击。
Narrator: "The facts hitherto concealed," the New York Times declared, "will make the record of the Greely colony the most dreadful and repulsive chapter in the long annals of Arctic exploration."
旁白：“迄今为止所掩盖的事实，”《纽约时报》宣称，“将使格里利殖民地的记录成为漫长的北极探险史册中最可怕、最令人厌恶的一章。”
Jim Lotz, Writer: Oh, they were all over it.
吉姆·洛茨（Jim Lotz），作家：哦，他们都在关注它。
This was the thing that overshadowed the whole, the achievement of the expedition.
这是使整个探险队的成就黯然失色的事情。
Narrator: All of the survivors were implicated, but Greely in particular was portrayed as a monster.
旁白：所有的幸存者都受到牵连，尤其是格里利被描绘成一个怪物。
He couldn't deny that cannibalism had taken place, but he vehemently denied having known about it.
他无法否认食人事件的发生，但他极力否认自己知道这件事。
It did no good.
这没有什么好处。
He found the scandal more painful than anything he had endured at Camp Clay.
他发现这起丑闻比他在克莱营所经历的任何事情都更加痛苦。
It would follow him for the rest of his life.
它将伴随他一生。
Jerry Kobalenko, Writer: The thing about the Greely expedition is that it became a morality play.
杰里·科巴连科（Jerry Kobalenko），编剧：格里利探险队的特点是它变成了一部道德剧。
It started as a scientific expedition with a bunch of people squabbling; it became a morality play.
一开始是一群人争论不休的科学考察；它变成了一部道德剧。
Narrator: The Army seemed to hold a grudge against the survivors for having tarnished its reputation.
旁白：陆军似乎对幸存者怀恨在心，因为他们玷污了军队的声誉。
The promotions Greely had made in the field weren't honored, and the men's pay was held up for years.
格里利在该领域的晋升并未得到兑现，员工们的工资也被扣留多年。
But Greely remained devoted to the survivors, and to the dependents of the men who had perished.
但格里利仍然热心于幸存者和遇难者的家属。
Greely spent the years after the expedition collecting and publishing their scientific data with a devotion befitting a solemn memorial.
探险结束后的几年里，格里利以与庄严纪念馆相称的奉献精神收集和出版了他们的科学数据。
But the scandal that haunted Greely had also tainted his scientific achievements.
但困扰格里利的丑闻也玷污了他的科学成就。
For more than a century his records gathered dust, until once again the Arctic captured the world's attention.
一个多世纪以来，他的记录被尘封，直到北极再次引起世界的关注。
Michael Robinson, Historian: We are now using Greely's data to understand how global warming happens, to understand how the climate has changed over the last hundred years.
历史学家迈克尔·罗宾逊：我们现在使用格里利的数据来了解全球变暖是如何发生的，了解过去百年来气候如何变化。
The irony is that the data is of interest today but not because it offers the key to an understanding of nature, but because it offers a key to how human beings have changed nature.
具有讽刺意味的是，这些数据如今令人感兴趣，并不是因为它提供了理解自然的钥匙，而是因为它提供了人类如何改变自然的钥匙。
Narrator: Adolphus Greely died in 1935, at the age of 91.
旁白：阿道夫·格里利于 1935 年去世，享年 91 岁。
He was a good soldier to the last — he never complained publicly of his expedition's abandonment.
直到最后，他都是一名优秀的士兵——他从未公开抱怨他的探险队被放弃。
He is buried at Arlington Cemetery, next to Henrietta.
他被埋葬在亨利埃塔旁边的阿灵顿公墓。
He had never again left the woman who, almost alone, had kept faith.
他再也没有离开过这个几乎独自一人坚守信念的女人。
Nearby is the grave of David Brainard — the two men forever as close as they were during the long dark winter at Camp Clay.
附近是大卫·布雷纳德 (David Brainard) 的坟墓——这两个人永远像克莱营漫长黑暗的冬天一样亲密。
Watch Chapter 1 of The Greely Expedition.
观看《格里利远征》第一章。
In 1881, the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition set out for the far North to spend two years recording scientific data.
1881 年，富兰克林夫人湾探险队出发前往遥远的北方，花了两年时间记录科学数据。
An epic story of adventure, abandonment and human tragedy, The Greely Expedition tells of an 1881 scientific mission to the Arctic that ended with death and rumors of cannibalism.
《格里利探险队》是一个关于冒险、遗弃和人类悲剧的史诗故事，讲述了 1881 年一次前往北极的科学任务，最终以死亡和食人谣言而告终。
Led by Adolphus Washington Greely, the volunteer expedition team consisted of U.S. military officers and enlistees, two Inuits, and one medical doctor.
由阿道夫斯·华盛顿·格里利率领的志愿探险队由美国军官和士兵、两名因纽特人以及一名医生组成。
Review a timeline of the Greely Expedition.
回顾一下格利远征的时间表。
Adolphus Greely was the commanding officer of the doomed Lady Franklin Bay Expedition from 1881-1884.
阿道夫斯·格里利 (Adolphus Greely) 是 1881 年至 1884 年间注定失败的富兰克林夫人湾探险队的指挥官。
After the relief ships that were supposed to return them to the U.S. failed to reach Lady Franklin Bay for two successive years, authorities in the U.S. Army became desperate to retrieve the 25 abandoned men.
在本应将他们送回美国的救援船连续两年未能抵达富兰克林夫人湾后，美国陆军当局迫切希望找回这 25 名被遗弃的人。
First Sergeant David Brainard is known for capturing the title of "Farthest North" in April of 1882 while a member of the Lady Franklin Bay scientific expedition in the Arctic.
中士大卫·布雷纳德 (David Brainard) 因 1882 年 4 月作为富兰克林夫人号北极科学考察队成员获得“最北”称号而闻名。
First Lieutenant Adolphus Greely, commander of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition, kept a journal from the beginning of the expedition in 1881 through his rescue in 1884
富兰克林夫人湾探险队指挥官阿道夫斯·格里利中尉从 1881 年探险开始到 1884 年获救期间一直记日记
George Rice, the official photographer on the Lady Franklin Bay scientific expedition to the Arctic in 1881, kept a journal until he froze to death in April 1884.
乔治·赖斯 (George Rice) 是 1881 年富兰克林夫人湾北极科考队的官方摄影师，他一直坚持写日记，直到 1884 年 4 月冻死为止。