Fly Girls

In those days we didn't have movie heroes, we didn't have rock star heroes, we had the aviators who were pushing back technology, who were doing fantastic things that as pioneers.

在那些日子里，我们没有电影英雄，我们没有摇滚明星英雄，我们有推动技术进步的飞行员，他们作为先驱者做着奇妙的事情。

My family would go to the airport every Sunday afternoon and we would watch the airplanes and look at all of the activity.

我的家人每周日下午都会去机场，我们会观看飞机并观看所有活动。

And that was our standard Sunday afternoon.

那是我们标准的周日下午。

Well, I wasn't even school age, five years old and I saw something go across, high in the sky, and I didn't know what it was.

好吧，我还不到上学的年龄，五岁，我看到有东西划过，高高的天空，但我不知道那是什么。

So I went into my Mother and I said "Mother, there's something out there and I want you to get it for me, I want to play with it." I sort of forgot about this.

于是我走进妈妈身边，说：“妈妈，外面有一样东西，我想让你帮我拿一下，我想玩它。”我有点忘记这件事了。

But it was always back there, cooking in my subconscious.

但它总是在那里，在我的潜意识里烹饪。

Ah.

啊。

I got all the way into college and I still hadn't flown.

我一路考进了大学，但我仍然没有坐过飞机。

Amelia Earhart came to speak to our school.

阿米莉亚埃尔哈特来我们学校演讲。

I was in the front row and she came forward and stood right in front of me and I felt she was looking right down at me.

我坐在前排，她走上前来，站在我面前，我感觉她正低头看着我。

Between 1942 and 1944, at the height of WW II, more than a thousand women left homes and jobs for the opportunity of a lifetime -to become the first in history to fly for the United States Military.

1942 年至 1944 年间，正值二战最激烈的时期，一千多名女性离开家庭和工作，寻找一生难忘的机会——成为历史上第一位为美国军队飞行的女性。

But the opportunity came at a price.

但机会是有代价的。

They faced danger and discrimination.

他们面临危险和歧视。

And, thirty eight women would die in the line of duty.

并且，有三十八名妇女因公殉职。

This is Texas, the cradle of our Army's Air Force.

这里是德克萨斯州，我们陆军空军的摇篮。

This is an AAF field too.

这也是一个 AAF 领域。

But over headquarters rise a strange little girl gremlin called fifinella and out of those buses are stepping girls.

但在总部上空，出现了一个奇怪的小女孩，名叫菲菲内拉，从这些巴士中走出了一些女孩。

Girls who give a new angle to an air force story.

为空军故事提供新视角的女孩。

They're WASPs, Women's Air Force Service Pilots.

她们是 WASP，即女子空军飞行员。

The Women's Airforce Service Pilots were the vision of America's most accomplished female flier -- Jacqueline Cochran, Bessie Mae Pittman somewhere in the south, she claimed to be an orphan raised by a foster family and to have gone to work in a textile factory at the age of eight.

女子空军飞行员是美国最有成就的女飞行员——杰奎琳·科克伦（Jacqueline Cochran）和贝西·梅·皮特曼（Bessie Mae Pittman）在南方某个地方的梦想，她声称自己是一个由寄养家庭抚养的孤儿，八岁时就到一家纺织厂工作。

As a teenager, she learned the beauty trade and headed north.

十几岁的时候，她学习了美容行业并前往北方。

On her way to New York City, she picked a new name out of the phone book -- Jacqueline Cochran -- would make herself up as she went along.

在前往纽约市的途中，她从电话簿中挑选了一个新名字——杰奎琳·科克伦——她会边走边化妆。

"I might have been born in a hovel," she recalled, "but I was determined to travel with the wind and the stars."

“我可能出生在一间小屋里，”她回忆道，“但我决心与风和星同行。”

Odlum supported Cochran's ambition, helping her to establish her own cosmetics company.

奥德鲁姆支持科克伦的雄心，帮助她建立自己的化妆品公司。

And he encouraged her to fly.

他鼓励她飞翔。

Flying would become her passion.

飞行将成为她的爱好。

In just ten years, Jackie Cochran would capture seventeen world records.

在短短十年内，杰基·科克伦就打破了十七项世界纪录。

Basically, she was very aggressive.

基本上，她非常有攻击性。

If she wanted something, she knew how to get it.

如果她想要什么，她知道如何得到它。

And she was a very clever gal and she's also an outstanding pilot.

她是一个非常聪明的女孩，也是一位出色的飞行员。

Cochran was enormously energetic and enormously driven, she also had the temperament of seeing everything in the world in terms of black and white, right or wrong, win or loose.

科克伦精力充沛、干劲十足，她还具有以非黑即白、对错、输赢来看待世界一切的气质。

In 1939 when Great Britain declared war on Germany, Jackie Cochran made a bold recommendation to Eleanor Roosevelt that American women pilots could serve in a national emergency.

1939 年，英国对德宣战，杰基·科克伦 (Jackie Cochran) 向埃莉诺·罗斯福 (Eleanor Roosevelt) 大胆建议，美国女飞行员可以在国家紧急情况下服役。

Eleanor agreed that women pilots were a weapon waiting to be used.

埃莉诺同意女飞行员是等待使用的武器。

It was Cochran's understanding if an American program was needed, it would be her's to command.

科克伦的理解是，如果需要美国的计划，那将由她来指挥。

The Japanese have attached Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, by air, President Roosevelt has just announced.

罗斯福总统刚刚宣布，日本已经空袭夏威夷珍珠港。

After Pearl Harbor, aircraft production soared from 19,000 planes in 1941 to 48,000 in 1942.

珍珠港事件后，飞机产量从 1941 年的 19,000 架猛增至 1942 年的 48,000 架。

Thousands of airplanes needed to be moved from factories to air bases and for shipment overseas.

数千架飞机需要从工厂转移到空军基地并运往海外。

With male pilots being sent to combat duty, there was a severe shortage of pilots at home.

随着男飞行员被派去执行战斗任务，国内飞行员严重短缺。

Jackie Cochran is returning from Britain that very day and she picks up the newspapers, looks at the headlines which announce the formation of the squadron and she's outraged.

杰基·科克伦那天从英国回来，她拿起报纸，看着宣布中队成立的头条新闻，她感到愤怒。

Cochran stormed into Hap Arnold's office and demanded an explanation.

科克伦冲进哈普·阿诺德的办公室，要求做出解释。

She emerged with her own training program, not for a select few, but for thousands of women pilots.

她推出了自己的培训计划，不是针对少数人，而是针对数千名女飞行员。

During the course of the WASP program, 25,000 women applied.

在 WASP 计划实施期间，有 25,000 名女性提出申请。

1,830 women with flying experience were accepted.

1,830 名有飞行经验的女性被录取。

They were housewives and mothers, co-eds and farm girls, socialites, secretaries, even actresses.

她们是家庭主妇和母亲、男女同校和农场女孩、社交名流、秘书，甚至演员。

Barbara (BJ) Erickson was a Home Economics major at the University of Washington and an instructor for military pilots.

芭芭拉·埃里克森 (Barbara (BJ) Erickson) 是华盛顿大学家政学专业的学生，也是军事飞行员的教练。

I got one of the letters and was told that if I want to go at my own expense, back to Wilmington, Delaware, they would check my records, my log books, I would take a physical, to take a flight check.

我收到其中一封信，被告知如果我想自费返回特拉华州威尔明顿，他们会检查我的记录、航海日志，我会进行体检、进行飞行检查。

And if I was successful, I would be one of the 25 that they were going to select.

如果我成功了，我将成为他们要选择的 25 人之一。

A barnstormer known for her 26 consecutive spins, Teresa James was instructing male pilots in aerobatics when she received her recruitment letter.

特蕾莎·詹姆斯 (Teresa James) 是一名以连续 26 次旋转而闻名的巡回表演​​者，当她收到招聘信时，她正在指导男性飞行员进行特技飞行。

Maybe thirty minutes I thought about it and decided to hop a train and go to Wilmington, Delaware.

大约三十分钟后，我想了想，决定跳火车去特拉华州威尔明顿。

Dora Dougherty was in her junior year at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, when she read about the program in the Chicago Tribune.

多拉·多尔蒂 (Dora Dougherty) 在伊利诺伊州埃文斯顿西北大学读大三时，在《芝加哥论坛报》上读到了有关该项目的报道。

I went to take my physical exam and of course there were thousands of men there taking physical exams.

我去体检了，当然有成千上万的人在那里体检。

The halls were lined with men.

大厅里挤满了男人。

Every room that you looked in - men in there in various states of dress.

你看到的每一个房间——里面都有着不同着装的男人。

And when I got to where I was supposed to have my physical, my pulse was so fast that they said I didn't qualify.

当我到达应该进行体检的地方时，我的脉搏太快了，他们说我不合格。

Well what's a young 21-year-old girl to do when she is walking through a hotel full of men.

那么，当一个 21 岁的年轻女孩走过一家满是男人的酒店时，她该怎么办呢？

After graduating from Smith College, Ann Baumgartner moved to New York City and became a writer for "The New York Times."

从史密斯学院毕业后，安·鲍姆加特纳搬到了纽约市，成为《纽约时报》的撰稿人。

I had done a lot of other adventurous things; mountain climbing; training horses and things like that and that just seemed like the next step.

我还做过很多其他冒险的事情；登山；训练马匹之类的事情，这似乎就是下一步。

Madge Rutherford was finalizing her wedding plans to Sherman Minton when she received a telegram.

当玛吉·卢瑟福收到一封电报时，她正在敲定与谢尔曼·明顿的婚礼计划。

And I dropped everything.

我放弃了一切。

Got Sherman on the phone and said, "Sherman, the wedding is off in April.

给谢尔曼打电话说：“谢尔曼，婚礼定于四月举行。

We can get married after I finish my training in Sweetwater, Texas."

我在德克萨斯州斯威特沃特完成训练后我们就可以结婚了。”

Marty Martin turned down a graduate fellowship at the University of Michigan in order to become a WASP.

为了成为一名 WASP，马蒂·马丁拒绝了密歇根大学的研究生奖学金。

But as she was preparing to leave home, she received a telegram that her physical had not been sent.

但当她准备离家时，却收到了一份电报，称她的体检尚未发送。

And I called up the flight surgeon at Stout Field and I really was upset.

我打电话给斯托特机场的飞行外科医生，我真的很沮丧。

I said, "You ruined my whole life, I've waited so long to get in this and you didn't send in my form." And he listened for a long time and finally he said, "Young Lady, you don't speak to Colonels like this." So I said, "I'm sorry, but, I'm really upset about this." And he said, "I will send it in, but I don't think women should be in the military."

我说：“你毁了我的一生，我等了这么久才加入，而你却没有寄给我表格。”他听了很长时间，最后说道：“小姐，你不可以这样跟上校说话。”所以我说：“对不起，但是，我对此感到非常难过。”他说：“我会把它寄过去，但我认为女性不应该参军。”

As the site for WASP training, Jackie Cochran chose Avenger Fireld in Sweetwater, Texas.

Jackie Cochran 选择了德克萨斯州斯威特沃特的 Avenger Fireld 作为 WASP 培训地点。

To her it was ideal -- wide-open, dry and isolated.

对她来说，这里是理想的地方——开阔、干燥、与世隔绝。

The first night that we were there we were in a new barracks.

我们到达的第一个晚上，我们在一个新的营房里。

We didn't talk about engines, we didn't talk about airplanes, we didn't talk about men.

我们没有谈论发动机，我们没有谈论飞机，我们没有谈论人。

We talked about snakes.

我们谈论了蛇。

Every type of poisonous snake that's found in our country is found in the state of Texas.

我国发现的每种毒蛇都在德克萨斯州发现。

The only thing that was bad about Sweetwater were the spiders, tarantulas and black widows.

甜水镇唯一不好的是蜘蛛、狼蛛和黑寡妇。

But even before they get a chance to take the polish off their nails, it's out on to a dusty drill field with them.

但在他们有机会把指甲油擦掉之前，他们就已经和他们一起进入了尘土飞扬的训练场。

Right away the Air Force wants to get a little muscle on those pretty arms.

空军立即希望在这些漂亮的手臂上增加一些肌肉。

This scene provides a pretty fair picture of what the girls look like from all angles.

这个场景从各个角度都清晰地展示了女孩们的样子。

None of them are under 21 or over 35.

他们的年龄均不低于 21 岁或超过 35 岁。

From sunup to sundown, a trainees' day was consumed by aviation.

从日出到日落，学员们的一天都在飞行中度过。

Jackie Cochran insisted the women receive the same training as Army Airforce pilots -- two hundred hours of flight instruction and four hundred hours of ground school, including: physics, navigation, flight theory, instruments and Morse code.

杰基·科克伦坚持要求这些女性接受与陆军空军飞行员相同的培训——200小时的飞行指导和400小时的地面学校，包括：物理、导航、飞行理论、仪器和摩尔斯电码。

No privacy.

没有隐私。

None at all.

一点也没有。

We just learned to live together.

我们刚刚学会共同生活。

The all women's Air Force Base created a sensation.

女子空军基地轰动一时。

In the first few weeks, more than a hundred planes with male crews reported mysterious engine problems and requested emergency landings at Avenger Field.

在最初的几周内，一百多架载有男性机组人员的飞机报告了神秘的发动机问题，并要求在复仇者机场紧急降落。

Jackie Cochran promptly banned all unauthorized landings.

杰基·科克伦立即禁止所有未经授权的着陆。

Dating was strictly forbidden.

约会是被严格禁止的。

And Avenger Field became known as Cochran's Convent.

复仇者场被称为科克伦修道院。

One in three women didn't make it, washing out of the program.

三分之一的女性未能成功，被淘汰出该计划。

It was a number consistent with male cadets.

这个数字与男学员一致。

The demerits didn't scare me as much as washing out.

那些缺点并没有让我害怕，而是被淘汰了。

Because that was the worse thing that could happen to you.

因为那是可能发生在你身上的最糟糕的事情。

Before evening you were gone.

傍晚之前你就走了。

Your bedroom was all rolled up.

你的卧室都卷起来了。

Your clothes were all gone.

你的衣服全没了。

No note, no nothing.

没有任何注释，什么也没有。

Those who made it through the six months of training received their silverwings from Jackie Cochran, who flew in from her headquarters at the Pentagon.

那些通过六个月训练的人从杰基·科克伦那里收到了银翼勋章，她是从五角大楼的总部飞来的。

Graduates now, they are members of the Women's Air Force Service pilots.

现在，她们已经毕业，成为女子空军飞行员。

Fearless as falcons and twice as fast and in their new and unusual occupation these modern girls are still the feminine heirs to a nobel tradition of pioneering strength and courage.

像猎鹰一样无所畏惧，速度快两倍，在她们新的、不寻常的职业中，这些现代女孩仍然是开拓力量和勇气的诺贝尔传统的女性继承人。

Off they go to be conveyed to other ferry stations, or to factories in the continental United States in order that they may deliver new fighter and trainer planes to masculine fighting hands.

他们将被运送到其他渡轮站或美国大陆的工厂，以便将新的战斗机和教练机交付给男性战士。

Stronger hands perhaps, but no more valiant than those of their sisters the WASPs.

也许他们的手更强大，但并不比他们的姐妹黄蜂队更勇敢。

We did the same thing that any other ferry command guy would have done.

我们做了任何其他渡轮指挥人员都会做的同样的事情。

I mean, there is no other place in the military that you flew the variety of airplanes that you did in the Ferry Command.

我的意思是，在军队中没有其他地方像渡轮司令部那样驾驶过各种各样的飞机。

If you went in to a fighter unit or into any other unit in the Army Air Corps, you were stuck with that kind of airplane.

如果你进入战斗机部队或陆军航空队的任何其他部队，你就会被困在那种飞机里。

But in the Ferry Command you had to fly whatever was out there and had to be moved.

但在渡轮司令部，你必须飞任何东西，并且必须移动。

So we did get a terrific variety.

所以我们确实得到了很棒的品种。

I don't have the exact statistics but it is said that there was not a single type of Airplane deployed in WWII that some woman didn't fly.

我没有确切的统计数据，但据说二战期间部署的所有飞机中，没有一种是由女性驾驶的。

Women were assigned to airbases across the country.

妇女被分配到全国各地的空军基地。

When twenty-five WASP arrived at Camp Davis in North Carolina, they found 50,000 men on base.

当 25 名 WASP 抵达北卡罗来纳州的戴维斯营时，他们发现基地里有 50,000 人。

Fresh from the confines of Cochran's Convent, the women dubbed it Wolf Swamp.

刚从科克伦修道院出来的女人们把这里称为“狼沼泽”。

And Jacqueline Cochran in all her wisdom said, "girls, I think that maybe you should not date too much until you get to know people." So, in the telephone, in the hallway of our barracks, I remember there was a list.

杰奎琳·科克伦（Jacqueline Cochran）用她的智慧说道：“女孩们，我认为也许你们不应该约会太多，直到你们认识了人。”所以，在我们营房走廊的电话里，我记得有一张清单。

Date him, don't date him.

和他约会，不要和他约会。

And if you came back from a date where you didn't think that this was an appropriate person that you would like your friends to date, his name got on the list.

如果你从一次约会中回来，你认为这个人不是你希望你的朋友约会的合适人选，那么他的名字就会出现在名单上。

I was at Officer's Club, I wasn't in uniform and they were having a party there - and these P47 pilots, they were going overseas.

我在军官俱乐部，我没有穿制服，他们正在那里举办派对 - 而这些 P47 飞行员，他们要去海外。

So, I was dancing with this guy and he was telling me about aircraft and bla bla and you know, and can't we get together, you know, the old story and hey I'm going away to war kind of thing.

所以，我和这个家伙跳舞，他告诉我有关飞机和 bla bla 的事情，你知道，我们不能聚在一起，你知道，老故事，嘿，我要去打仗之类的事情。

And I says, well what kind of an airplane is it?

我说，那是一架什么样的飞机？

And he went on to regale me with this.

他继续用这个来取悦我。

Big engine, and you know what could happen when it quits on take-off and all this stuff.

大引擎，你知道当它在起飞时退出时会发生什么以及所有这些事情。

So the next morning, went in to operations and I'm in my flight suit and I'm writing up the manifest.

所以第二天早上，我就开始行动，穿着飞行服，正在写清单。

And that guy did a double take.

那家伙又看了一遍。

I thought he was going to drop dead.

我以为他会倒地而死。

After all these stories that he told me about this P47!

在他告诉我关于这台 P47 的所有这些故事之后！

He had NO idea I was a P47 pilot.

他不知道我是一名 P47 飞行员。

By mid-1943, WASPs were ferrying aircraft throughout the United States often under difficult conditions.

到 1943 年中期，WASP 经常在困难的条件下在美国各地运送飞机。

They flew seven days a week and had to be ready for anything.

他们每周飞行 7 天，必须为任何情况做好准备。

Teresa James left one morning on a ferry trip that was to take a day.

一天早上，特蕾莎·詹姆斯乘渡轮出发，行程需要一天。

17,000 miles, 6 airplanes and 30 days later she returned to base.

17,000 英里、6 架飞机，30 天后她返回基地。

So I have a tan shirt and my gray slacks on and that was it.

所以我穿了一件棕褐色衬衫和灰色休闲裤，仅此而已。

We never knew on a trip whether we were going to be in a single engine airplane or a twin engine airplane or whether we were going to be, have room to carry stuff or not.

在旅行中，我们永远不知道我们会乘坐单引擎飞机还是双引擎飞机，也不知道我们是否有空间携带物品。

There was son such thing as wasn and wear.

有儿子那样的东西，并且穿。

There was just a plain shirt that I washed out and hung up at night and it was just wrinkles and no resemblance to a shirt.

只有一件普通的衬衫，我晚上洗完挂起来，只有皱纹，一点也不像衬衫。

But we managed.

但我们做到了。

You know you can wear a pair of pants a long time.

你知道一条裤子可以穿很长时间。

You should have seen my slacks.

你应该看看我的裤子。

My knees bulged like this, it looked like, you could actually put cantaloupes in them.

我的膝盖肿成这样，看起来真的可以放哈密瓜进去。

I met B J Erickson and I asked does she have an extra pair of slacks, And she says no. And she said: "God James, do you look like the wrath of God."

我遇到了 B J Erickson，我问她是否有多余的休闲裤，她说没有。她说：“上帝詹姆斯，你看起来像上帝的愤怒吗？”

We finally figured out that most of the airplanes had compartments in the wings where they put the bullets and they were empty, so we could put a high heeled shoe out there in each one of them.

我们最终发现，大多数飞机的机翼上都有存放子弹的隔间，但这些隔间是空的，所以我们可以在每个隔间里放一只高跟鞋。

Finally got back to the base.

终于回到了基地。

I was gone 30 days and I said never again will I ever trust the army when they say, you know, just a short trip out and back.

我离开了 30 天，当他们说，你知道，只要短途往返即可，我说我再也不会相信军队了。

The attitude that most non-flyers have about pilots is distressing and often acutely embarrassing.

大多数非飞行者对飞行员的态度令人痛苦，而且常常非常尴尬。

They chatter about the glamour of flying.

他们谈论飞行的魅力。

Well any pilot can tell you how glamorous it is.

任何飞行员都可以告诉你它是多么迷人。

We get up in the cold dark in order to get to the airport by daylight.

我们在寒冷的黑暗中起床，以便在白天到达机场。

We wear heavy cumbersome flying clothes and a 30 pound parachute.

我们穿着笨重的飞行服和 30 磅重的降落伞。

You are either hot or cold.

你要么热，要么冷。

You look forward all afternoon to the bath you will have and the steak.

您整个下午都期待着洗澡和牛排。

Sometimes we are too tired to eat and fall wearily into bed.

有时我们太累了，吃不下饭，就疲倦地倒在床上。

-Cornelia Fort

-科妮莉亚堡

As the WASP proved successful, their assignments expanded beyond ferrying into more dangerous areas.

随着 WASP 的成功，他们的任务不再局限于运送到更危险的地区。

They became test-pilots, flight instructors and were even assigned to tow targets for artillery training using live ammunition.

他们成为试飞员、飞行教官，甚至被分配到牵引目标进行实弹炮兵训练。

We would fly up and down the beach and they would either track us or shoot at us.

我们会在海滩上飞来飞去，他们要么跟踪我们，要么向我们开枪。

Or whatever the mission called for.

或者无论任务要求什么。

The gunfire never hit the fuselage to my knowledge.

据我所知，炮火从未击中机身。

I may have gotten my first few gray hairs there but I was not aware that I got shot.

我可能在那里长出了最初的几根白发，但我没有意识到我被枪杀了。

Ann Baumgartner was sent to Wright Field in Dayton, Ohio, where the Air Force tested airplanes, equipment, even pilots, to their limit.

安·鲍姆加特纳被派往俄亥俄州代顿的赖特机场，空军在那里对飞机、设备甚至飞行员进行了极限测试。

We were approaching the speed of sound and this was one of the tasks that they were working on.

我们正在接近音速，这是他们正在研究的任务之一。

Trying to get airplanes faster, would go higher, go farther, for the war effort.

为了战争，试图让飞机更快、飞得更高、飞得更远。

We also went in the pressure chamber.

我们还进入了压力室。

They can take you up to 25,000 feet.

它们可以带您到达 25,000 英尺的高度。

We were shown how we thought we were in grand shape at 25,000 feet, but we couldn't even spell our own names when asked.

有人向我们展示了我们认为自己在 25,000 英尺高空的状态如何，但当被问及时，我们甚至无法拼写自己的名字。

That was to show us how dangerous it was to not use oxygen over 10,000 feet.

那是为了向我们展示在 10,000 英尺以上不使用氧气是多么危险。

It was a fascinating place and fascinating things were got going on there.

那是一个令人着迷的地方，那里正在发生着令人着迷的事情。

Wonderful planes were taking off that we had known about, that we didn't know about.

我们知道和不知道的精彩飞机正在起飞。

Baumgartner requested a transfer into the flight test program and became the only female test pilot at Wright Field, flying alongside the Air Force's finest.

鲍姆加特纳请求转入飞行测试项目，并成为莱特机场唯一的女性试飞员，与空军最优秀的飞行员一起飞行。

In 1943, she became the only woman to pilot the Bell YP-59A -- the first jet fighter.

1943 年，她成为唯一一位驾驶贝尔 YP-59A（第一架喷气式战斗机）的女性。

Just on take off that you could hear the big roar as you're going down the runway.

刚起飞时，您就能听到跑道上的巨大轰鸣声。

And then as you were airborne there was no noise at all.

然后当你在空中时就没有任何噪音了。

I thought the engines had quit.

我以为引擎已经熄火了。

But it was just the noise was behind you.

但这只是你身后的噪音。

That plane had taken the first step in jet flight, so it was a famous airplane.

那架飞机迈出了喷气式飞行的第一步，因此是一架著名的飞机。

The B-29 was the largest, long-range bomber ever built.

B-29 是有史以来最大的远程轰炸机。

Rushed through production, it was critical to America's war with Japan.

它的匆忙生产对美国对日战争至关重要。

After Boeing's top pilot was killed testing it, the plane acquired a dangerous reputation.

波音公司的高级飞行员在测试时丧生后，这架飞机获得了危险的名声。

And that's where I thought, if I can train those two girls to fly, nobody had to say anything, put those guys in the airplane with them and let them do the routine that I taught them to do.

这就是我想的地方，如果我可以训练这两个女孩飞行，那么没人会说什么，让那些家伙和她们一起坐在飞机上，让她们做我教她们做的例行公事。

I really didn't think that I was big enough to fly a four engine airplane.

我真的不认为我有足够大的能力来驾驶四引擎飞机。

I'd never been in one before in my life.

我这辈子从来没有去过这样的地方。

In those days I was five foot five.

那时我身高五英尺五英寸。

I didn't think that I had a four engine hand.

我没想到我有四引擎手。

Duzenberry, to be the flight engineer, he got me off to one side, when he could.

杜森伯里，作为一名飞行工程师，他尽可能地把我带到一侧。

He said, "what are those?" I said, "Those are two women we are going to teach to fly the airplane." He looked at me and said "you're going to be in the airplane, aren't you?" I said, "yes Duze, I'll be there." I think we worked at it three days if I'm not mistaken.

他说：“那些是什么？”我说：“我们要教这两个女人驾驶飞机。”他看着我说：“你要上飞机，不是吗？”我说：“是的，杜兹，我会在那里。”如果我没记错的话，我想我们花了三天时间。

I worked the girls hard three days, we flew for seven hours a day.

我让女孩们辛苦了三天，我们每天飞行七个小时。

And we went up and did the air work, you know, engine out procedures and stalls and on final approach for our first landing there was smoke coming out of #3 engine.

我们上升并进行了空中工作，你知道，发动机熄火程序和失速，在我们第一次着陆的最后进场时，#3 发动机冒出烟雾。

We had a real problem with engine number three when the cockpit filled full of smoke and Dora didn't take any instructions, she didn't hesitate one minute.

当驾驶舱充满烟雾时，我们的三号发动机确实出现了问题，而多拉没有接受任何指示，她没有犹豫一分钟。

Now I am sitting back beside the engineer.

现在我坐在工程师旁边。

I'm back out of the way.

我又回来了。

I never opened my mouth.

我从来没有张开嘴。

My engineer looked at me, you know.

你知道，我的工程师看着我。

I told him, I said "Duze wait."

我告诉他，我说“杜兹等等。”

I turned to look and Duzenberry was our flight engineer and sure enough, and so I told him to feather #3, pull a fire extinguisher, which he did.

我转身一看，杜森伯里是我们的飞行工程师，果然，所以我告诉他用 3 号羽毛，拉一个灭火器，他照做了。

No way I would have interfered.

我绝不会干涉。

She did everything just like the book said to do it.

她所做的一切都按照书上说的去做。

When I thought they were ready, I said, "okay we're gonna go." Our orders were to go to Clovis, New Mexico where this transition school was.

当我以为他们准备好了时，我说：“好吧，我们要走了。”我们的命令是前往新墨西哥州克洛维斯，那里有这所过渡学校。

And then we were supposed to take various crews up with us and show them how to fly a B29.

然后我们应该带上不同的机组人员，向他们展示如何驾驶 B29。

Well this was an extremely interesting position because these were seasoned four engine combat crews.

嗯，这是一个非常有趣的职位，因为这些都是经验丰富的四名发动机战斗人员。

They were dumbfounded that two women would fly that airplane that way when they said it wouldn't fly.

他们惊呆了，当他们说那架飞机不会飞时，两个女人却以这种方式驾驶那架飞机。

It was an amazing effect.

这是一个惊人的效果。

When they went through that routine that Dora and Dee Dee give them.

当他们经历朵拉和迪迪给他们的例行公事时。

One of the men on that airplane came back, went into the operations officer, pulled off his wings.

那架飞机上的一名男子回来了，走进操作官员那里，扯下了他的机翼。

Now theses are all college football heroes, see.

现在这些都是大学橄榄球英雄，瞧。

He pulled off his wings and threw them down on the desk of the operations officer and said "I'm finished, that's the end of it." This guy looked at him and said, "Lieutenant, pick up your wings.

他拔下翅膀，扔到行动官员的桌子上，说道：“我完成了，一切都结束了。”这家伙看着他说道：“中尉，收起你的翅膀。

You're not finished until we tell you're finished."

在我们告诉你完成之前，你还没有完成。”

This, of course, happened in late 1944.

当然，这发生在 1944 年底。

In 1995 I received a letter that really amazed me.

1995年，我收到一封令我大吃一惊的信。

I couldn't believe it.

我简直不敢相信。

The man who wrote it said, "I realize that it was a long time ago, but I still want to thank you for helping me that day at Clovis.

写这封信的人说：“我意识到那是很久以前的事了，但我仍然要感谢你那天在克洛维斯帮助我。

You came to show us that the B29 plane was not one to be feared.

你来是为了让我们知道 B29 飞机并不可怕。

You were the pilot that day and demonstrated your excellent flying skills and convinced us the B29 was a plane that any pilot would be proud to fly.

您是那天的飞行员，展示了您出色的飞行技巧，并使我们相信 B29 是一架任何飞行员都会自豪地驾驶的飞机。

From that day on we never had a pilot who didn't want to fly the B29."

从那天起，我们就没有一个飞行员不想驾驶 B29。”

WASPs were not always welcomed at bases where they were assigned.

WASP 并不总是在他们被分配的基地受到欢迎。

At Camp Davis, it was clear they were not wanted.

在戴维斯营，很明显他们不受欢迎。

Many planes assigned to WASPs were returned from combat and in need of repair.

许多分配给 WASP 的飞机从战斗中返回并需要维修。

Women pilots experienced repeated engine failures.

女飞行员经历过多次发动机故障。

They expressed concern that the planes were not being properly maintained.

他们对飞机没有得到妥善维护表示担忧。

After a pilot flies a plane, if there is something wrong they write it down.

飞行员驾驶飞机后，如果出现问题，他们会将其记录下来。

And they are suppose to be taken off the flight line until that's fixed.

在问题解决之前，他们应该被带离航线。

Well what they would not is not ground the plane, they'd just write what the problem was and off it would go.

好吧，他们不会让飞机停飞，他们只是写下问题所在，然后飞机就会起飞。

After two WASPs died and another was seriously injured within one month, some women began to suspect foul play.

一个月内，两名 WASP 成员死亡，另一名成员受重伤，一些妇女开始怀疑有谋杀行为。

Jackie Cochran came to investigate.

杰基·科克伦前来调查。

She would later admit finding sugar in the gas tank of one of the downed planes.

她后来承认在一架被击落飞机的油箱中发现了糖。

To her, it was a clear indication of sabotage.

对她来说，这是明显的破坏行为。

But concerned that adverse publicity could jeopardize her program, she kept it quiet.

但由于担心负面宣传可能会危及她的计划，她保持沉默。

There would be no "official" investigation of the deaths at Camp Davis.

不会对戴维斯营的死亡事件进行“官方”调查。

Mabel Rawlinson's death at Camp Davis.

梅布尔·罗林森在戴维斯营去世。

I don't know exactly what it could be attributed to.

我不知道具体可以归因于什么。

I did not go out to the crash scene, but the fire was intense.

我没有去事故现场，但火势很猛。

They could not get Mabel out and she burned.

他们无法把梅布尔救出来，她被烧伤了。

It was a very traumatic time for all of us there.

对于我们所有人来说，那是一段非常痛苦的时期。

I remember there was an old nurse who came over to our barracks and she had a couple bottles of beer and she sat on the end of the barracks out there watching the fire.

我记得有一位老护士来到我们的营房，她喝了几瓶啤酒，坐在营房的尽头看着火。

Drinking her beer and singing old hymns; Nearer My God to Thee; Shall We Gather at the River and in a deep sort of whisky tenor, and just thinking the thoughts that we all thought.

喝着她的啤酒，唱着古老的赞美诗；我的神离你更近；我们可以在河边聚在一起，在一种低沉的威士忌男高音中，思考我们所有人的想法吗？

Now I think when you join the military you obviously go through a mind set that you are prepared for something like this.

现在我认为，当你参军时，你显然会经历一种心态，即你已经为这样的事情做好了准备。

This was the first time that I had seen a friend die.

这是我第一次亲眼目睹朋友死去。

So it was a trauma for me and I think for all of us.

所以这对我来说是一个创伤，我想对我们所有人来说也是如此。

Cornelia Fort was killed on March 21, 1943, when a male pilot accidentally clipped her wing in mid-air.

1943 年 3 月 21 日，科妮莉亚·福特 (Cornelia Fort) 因一名男飞行员在半空中意外折断机翼而丧生。

She had been the first woman pilot in United States history to die for her country.

她是美国历史上第一位为国捐躯的女飞行员。

So if Cochran was to become part of the WAC Program, she would have to be subordinate to Oveta Culp Hobby who was the director of the WAC.

因此，如果 Cochran 要成为 WAC 计划的一部分，她就必须服从 WAC 主任 Oveta Culp Hobby。

She was immensely talented and capable.

她非常有才华和能力。

And Jackie Cochran hated her.

杰基·科克伦讨厌她。

Nearly 100,000 WACS served in the Army -- as nurses, clerks and drivers but none as pilots.

近 100,000 名 WACS 在军队服役——担任护士、文员和司机，但没有人担任飞行员。

Convinced WASPs would be grounded if they joined the WACS, Jackie Cochran refused.

杰基·科克伦 (Jackie Cochran) 坚信，如果 WASP 加入 WACS，他们就会被禁足。

And referring to Hobby, she said, "I will not serve under a woman who does not know her ass from a propeller."

在谈到霍比时，她说：“我不会在一个不了解螺旋桨的女人手下服役。”

There's resistance because the American public in general believe that women served a useful, noble patriotic purpose during the war, but they couldn't envision the need after the war.

之所以存在抵制，是因为美国公众普遍认为，妇女在战争期间服务于有用、崇高的爱国目的，但他们无法想象战后的需求。

Just six months earlier it had been heroic to do a man's job, but by mid 1944, it was considered unpatriotic.

就在六个月前，做男人的工作还是英勇的事，但到了 1944 年中期，这被认为是不爱国的行为。

Everybody was anticipating peacetime and the return to normal.

每个人都期待和平时期和恢复正常。

People wanted to go back to an America of work, of family, of friends of home.

人们想回到一个充满工作、家庭和朋友的美国。

It didn't include Mom going off to fly military planes.

这不包括妈妈去驾驶军用飞机。

Congressional hearings focused on the alleged high cost of training women pilots.

国会听证会的重点是据称培训女飞行员的高昂成本。

Despite Hap Arnold's personal testimony and support from the War Department, the bid for WASP militarization failed.

尽管有哈普·阿诺德的个人证词和陆军部的支持，WASP 军事化的努力还是失败了。

Congress recommended that all pilot training for women be stopped.

国会建议停止所有针对女性的飞行员培训。

They also recommended that women pilots already in service continue to fly, but without military status.

他们还建议已经服役的女飞行员继续飞行，但不具有军事身份。

When we were getting ready to be disbanded we volunteered to do this for nothing.

当我们准备解散时，我们自愿免费这样做。

I'd have flown those airplanes for free.

我会免费驾驶那些飞机。

It was such a shock too.

这也太令人震惊了。

We know that we were needed when we were doing most of the flying in the pursuit aircraft.

我们知道，当我们驾驶追击机进行大部分飞行时，我们是需要的。

You know it was sort of silly.

你知道这有点愚蠢。

When we were disbanded the war was still on of course.

当我们解散时，战争当然还在继续。

I went back to school.

我回到了学校。

I had to finish my junior year at Northwestern and I felt very strange because I was older than most of the students.

我必须在西北大学完成大三课程，我感觉很奇怪，因为我比大多数学生都年长。

I went, they had a Veterans group there and I went to join that and they said you are not a Veteran, that you are not allowed in here.

我去了，他们那里有一个退伍军人团体，我去参加了，他们说你不是退伍军人，你不被允许进入这里。

When I was disbanded on the 20th of December, there were sixty some P51's and T38's sitting on the field undelivered that day.

当我在 12 月 20 日解散时，那天有 60 多辆 P51 和 T38 坐在场上未交付。

And yet all my girls got in their cars and drove home.

然而我所有的女儿们都开车回家了。

And that was very, very sad because we were badly needed.

这是非常非常悲伤的，因为我们非常需要。

No time to waste, everywhere they are badly needed for ferrying duty so that the man trained and training can go off and fight while WASPs help get their ships started on the road overseas.

没有时间可以浪费了，无论哪里都急需他们执行轮渡任务，这样受过训练的人员就可以出发去战斗，而黄蜂队则帮助他们的船只开始在海外航行。

There is a reason for the WASPs.

WASP 的出现是有原因的。

So long, ladies, go to it.

这么久了，女士们，去吧。

Some day you'll be able to sit down in the evening with your husbands who will probably be fliers and remind them that during the war you did your part.

有一天，您将能够在晚上与可能成为飞行员的丈夫坐下来，提醒他们在战争期间您尽了自己的一份力量。

Keep `em flying, fifinella.

让他们飞翔吧，菲菲内拉。

Jackie had a dream just like the rest of us.

杰基和我们其他人一样有一个梦想。

It took me years to understand that.

我花了很多年才明白这一点。

She really wanted us to all to be able to fly everything, just to show the men that it could be done.

她真的希望我们所有人都能驾驶一切，只是为了向人们展示这是可以做到的。

And I think she largely succeeded in this.

我认为她在这方面基本上取得了成功。

She fought for us.

她为我们而战。

She fought for the concept that she believed in, that women could do this.

她为她所相信的理念而奋斗，即女性可以做到这一点。

She probably was the only person that could have done it as effectively.

她可能是唯一能够如此有效地做到这一点的人。

It wouldn't have existed without her.

没有她，它就不会存在。

Cochran is a complicated figure.

科克伦是一个复杂的人物。

She may have had the temperament of black and white,but her own life viewed from the perspective of history is one of many shades of gray.

她或许具有非黑即白的气质，但从历史的角度来看，她自己的人生却是众多灰色地带中的一种。

It's very difficult to understand those contradictions.

理解这些矛盾是非常困难的。

But it's what makes her fascinating as an individual.

但这正是她个人魅力的原因。

Jackie Cochran remained at the Pentagon as a special consultant to Hap Arnold and was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal for her wartime service.

杰基·科克伦留在五角大楼担任哈普·阿诺德的特别顾问，并因其战时服务而被授予杰出服务奖章。

In 1948, she finally received her military commission -- as Lieutenant Colonel in the US Air Force Reserves.

1948年，她终于获得了军事任命——担任美国空军预备役中校。

Continuing to establish new speed records, she became the first woman to break the sound barrier in 1953.

1953年，她继续创造新的速度记录，成为第一位突破音障的女性。

It was incredibly beautiful to be able to do what we knew we wanted to do and we were very patriotic about it all.

能够做我们想做的事情真是太美好了，我们对这一切都非常爱国。

It was not what they did for themselves but how they fit in and did a job for the war effort.

这不是他们为自己所做的事情，而是他们如何融入战争并为战争所做的工作。

And I think that's what the WASP did, was to reaffirm the fact that we are still the pioneer women that my grandmother represented.

我认为这就是 WASP 所做的，就是重申我们仍然是我祖母所代表的先锋女性这一事实。

That we are still capable of firing the musket.

我们仍然有能力发射步枪。

My grandfather always said that no matter what you do inside that mighty machine from the smallest cog up, you make it run.

我的祖父总是说，无论你在这台强大的机器里做什么，从最小的齿轮开始，你都会让它运转。

The WASP in WWII accomplished a necessary mission.

二战中的 WASP 完成了必要的使命。

Now, they could have been sent to the war had the law allowed it and they would probably have done as good as the men had they had equal experience.

现在，如果法律允许，他们本可以被派往战争，如果他们有同等的经验，他们可能会做得和男人一样好。

These thoughts are something that we should contemplate when we think what the WASPs did and what other women in the military have done and should do.

当我们思考 WASP 所做的事情以及军队中其他女性已经做过和应该做的事情时，我们应该思考这些想法。

Because half of the brain power of our country is in the heads of its women and if we don't use this to the best of our advantage, then we are the poorer for it.

因为我们国家一半的脑力都在女性的头脑中，如果我们不充分利用这一点，那么我们就会变得更穷。

I, for one, am profoundly grateful that my one talent, my only knowledge, flying, happens to be of use to my country when it is needed.

就我个人而言，我非常感激我的唯一天赋、唯一知识——飞行，恰好在我的国家需要时派上用场。

That's all the luck I ever hope to have.

这就是我所希望拥有的所有运气。