Fly With Me

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Stewardesses were glamorous.

空乘人员/作家凯西·格兰特：空姐们都很迷人。

They were beautiful.

她们很漂亮。

They were poised.

他们泰然自若。

It just looked like the world was theirs.

看起来世界就是他们的了。

And I wanted that life.

我想要那样的生活。

TRAINING FILM ACTRESS: I just can’t wait to see all the places I’ve heard so much about.

训练电影女演员：我迫不及待地想看看我听说过的所有地方。

Paris, Rome, Bangkok, Buenos Aires…

巴黎、罗马、曼谷、布宜诺斯艾利斯……

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER How many small town girls like me looked at a flight attendant and thought, "That's the best job in the world."

安·胡德，空乘人员/作家 有多少像我一样的小镇女孩看着空乘人员并想：“这是世界上最好的工作。”

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Airlines hired these women who are independent and curious.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：航空公司雇用了这些独立且充满好奇心的女性。

And it's amazing to me that airlines would expect that they would be a docile group, because why would they be?

令我惊讶的是，航空公司会期望他们是一个温顺的群体，因为他们为什么会这样呢？

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: I don't think we realized what a revolutionary thing we were doing.

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：我认为我们没有意识到我们正在做的事情是多么具有革命性。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Stewardesses played a major role in launching the women's movement.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：空姐在发起妇女运动方面发挥了重要作用。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: They took up economic issues, but they also focused on issues having to do with appearance, grooming and control over women's bodies.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：他们讨论了经济问题，但他们也关注与外表、仪容仪表和对女性身体的控制有关的问题。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: How did these women go from conforming to gender stereotypes to fighting for gender equality in the workforce?

作家 VICTORIA VANTOCH：这些女性是如何从遵守性别陈规定型观念转变为争取劳动力中的性别平等的？

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was a TWA flight attendant.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空姐：我是环球航空公司的一名空姐。

But I was an activist in the change.

但我是变革的积极分子。

I was there.

我在那里。

Scene 1: The Dream MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT One of my best friends, she had a brother who bought this Corvette.

场景 1：梦想 玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼（MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN），空乘人员 我最好的朋友之一，她的一个兄弟买了这辆科尔维特。

We would be out on the road and she would say, "Well, where do you want to go?" I would say, "Let's go to the airport." When I was in high school, I convinced my friend Nancy that we should go on a trip when our junior year ended.

我们在路上时，她会说：“那么，你想去哪里？”我会说：“我们去机场吧。”当我上高中时，我说服我的朋友南希，我们应该在大三结束时去旅行。

And that June, off we went.

那年六月，我们出发了。

I shopped for a week for the outfit I was going to wear on the flight.

我花了一周的时间购买了我要在飞机上穿的衣服。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: My first flight, I was about eight or nine.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：我第一次飞行时，我大约八九岁。

We were all dressed up, socks with the little lace all around the edges of it.

我们都盛装打扮，袜子的边缘都镶着小花边。

I thought, "This is just like Easter." UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT I'd been on boats before and I thought, "Well, this was going to be similar to a boat." When we started to roll, "Oh, this is more like a rollercoaster." ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER I remember the takeoff.

我想：“这就像复活节一样。” UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员 我以前坐过船，我想，“嗯，这将类似于船。”当我们开始滚动时，“哦，这更像是过山车。”安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家 我记得起飞的情景。

I remember playing with the air.

我记得玩空气。

You know, I had my own little vent, gently putting a breeze on my face.

你知道，我有自己的小通风口，轻轻地把微风吹在我的脸上。

I couldn't believe when they gave me food, they put my breakfast down and it was delicious.

我简直不敢相信当他们给我食物时，他们把我的早餐放下来，它很美味。

Scrambled eggs and those little sausages and a fruit plate.

炒鸡蛋、小香肠和果盘。

And I just was dazzled from the minute I stepped on that plane.

从踏上那架飞机的那一刻起，我就感到眼花缭乱。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I thought, "Oh, this has to be what heaven feels like.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：我想，“哦，这一定就是天堂的感觉。

I've got to be close to heaven." It was the most beautiful thing I had experienced, just being in the air.

我必须离天堂很近。”这是我经历过的最美丽的事情，就在空中。

Scene 2: Women’s Work - Stewardess Back Story

场景二：女性工作——空姐幕后故事

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: So many of our advances as humans come from travel.

作家茱莉亚·库克：人类的许多进步都来自于旅行。

It is an incredibly human impulse and yet it was really restricted for women until the 20th century.

这是一种令人难以置信的人类冲动，但直到 20 世纪才真正限制女性参与。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: These new technologies came around, enabling humans to move around, and women really wanted to be a part of it.

作家朱莉娅·库克：这些新技术的出现，使人类能够四处走动，女性真的很想成为其中的一部分。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER Ellen Church was a registered nurse, but she got her pilot's license.

安·胡德 (Ann Hood)，空乘人员/作家 艾伦·丘奇 (Ellen Church) 是一名注册护士，但她获得了飞行员执照。

She knew that aviation was the future.

她知道航空业是未来。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: But because airlines refused to countenance that a woman could be a pilot, Ellen's idea was all right, if they're not going to let me be a pilot, at least maybe they'd let me be a flight attendant.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：但是因为航空公司拒绝允许女性成为飞行员，艾伦的想法是可以的，如果他们不让我成为飞行员，至少也许他们会让我成为空乘人员。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN In the late 1920s, you see an experimental era, where some airlines are trying out different models of cabin service.

凯瑟琳·巴里 (KATHLEEN BARRY)，历史学家 20 年代末，您看到了一个实验时代，一些航空公司正在尝试不同的客舱服务模式。

The most obvious model would be Pullman porters.

最明显的模式是普尔曼搬运工。

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: But there's a longstanding association between technological know-how and white supremacy.

历史学家米娅·贝：但是技术知识和白人至上之间存在着长期的联系。

And they do not think that Black people have the kind of authority to kind of help people through the challenges of flying.

他们不认为黑人有权力帮助人们应对飞行的挑战。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: So the airlines thought, we probably want white men because this might be a position where you would get promoted into management.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：所以航空公司认为，我们可能需要白人，因为这可能是一个你可以晋升到管理层的职位。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Ellen Church went to San Francisco to the office of what would later become United Airlines.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：艾伦·丘奇 (Ellen Church) 前往旧金山，前往后来成为美国联合航空公司 (United Airlines) 的办公室。

And she went to an executive and she said, "I think if there were nurses on airplanes, more people would fly.

她去找一位高管说：“我认为如果飞机上有护士，就会有更多的人乘坐飞机。

You're trying to attract passengers, but people think it's dangerous.

你试图吸引乘客，但人们认为这很危险。

People get sick.

人们会生病。

A nurse would be a calming person and we'd be able to take care of passengers."

护士会是一个冷静的人，我们就能照顾乘客。”

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Planes weren't pressurized, so they flew under 10,000 feet.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：飞机没有加压，所以它们飞行高度低于 10,000 英尺。

And that means you feel every bump.

这意味着您会感觉到每一次颠簸。

It was always turbulent.

总是很动荡。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: There were no circulation systems.

维多利亚·万托赫（VICTORIA VANTOCH），作家：没有循环系统。

So you could smell hot oil, and the disinfectant used to clean up after airsick passengers.

所以你可以闻到热油的味道，以及晕机乘客用来清理的消毒剂的味道。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: To go from coast to coast it took 28 hours at minimum.

作家 VICTORIA VanTOCH：从一个海岸到另一个海岸至少需要 28 小时。

Often planes would get grounded in the middle of nowhere, passengers would have to wait for several days until the weather cleared.

飞机常常会在荒无人烟的地方停飞，乘客必须等待几天，直到天气晴朗。

It was really a big adventure, instead of a reliable way to travel.

这确实是一次大冒险，而不是一种可靠的旅行方式。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: It was a harrowing thing to fly.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：飞行是一件痛苦的事情。

You couldn't get a life insurance policy to cover you if you flew on airplanes because the death rate was something that no one wanted to insure.

如果您乘坐飞机，您将无法获得人寿保险来承保，因为没人愿意为死亡率提供保险。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN The idea is that if you're encouraging people to fly, especially men, at a moment when flying can seem very scary, if you put young white women on an airplane, then they're going to think, "Well, if these young white women are fine with flying, I should be fine with flying too."

凯瑟琳·巴里，历史学家 这个想法是，如果你鼓励人们，尤其是男性，在飞行看起来非常可怕的时刻，如果你让年轻的白人女性乘坐飞机，那么他们会想，“好吧，如果这些年轻的白人女性适合飞行，我也应该适合飞行。”

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: Ellen Church was convinced that women would want to do this, and she was absolutely accurate.

朱莉娅·库克（JULIA COOKE），作家：艾伦·丘奇（Ellen Church）坚信女性会愿意这样做，她的说法绝对正确。

They showed up in huge numbers.

他们数量庞大。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN The focus on only hiring women had a lot of advantages, the airline executives thought.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔 (DOROTHY SUE COBBLE) 航空公司高管认为，只雇用女性有很多优势。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN The airlines started to realize the passengers were more attracted to having a woman do the job for the charm that she brought, the attractiveness that she brought to an otherwise exceptionally unpleasant experience.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶 航空公司开始意识到，乘客更愿意让女性来做这份工作，因为她所带来的魅力，以及她给原本异常不愉快的经历带来的吸引力。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: During World War II women had worked in all kinds of non-traditional jobs.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：二战期间，女性从事各种非传统工作。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: When the soldiers and sailors came home, there was a concerted effort to push women out of the workplace.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：当士兵和水手回家时，大家齐心协力将女性赶出工作场所。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Women who were poor or women of color ended up going back to lower paying jobs.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：贫穷的女性或有色人种女性最终会回到低薪工作。

Middle class women were expected to go home.

中产阶级妇女被期望回家。

ROBERT YOUNG (FATHER): Margaret, I’m home!

罗伯特·杨（父亲）：玛格丽特，我回来了！

JANE WYATT (MOTHER): We’re in the kitchen.

简·怀亚特（母亲）：我们在厨房里。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Growing up in the 1950s, it was very clear to me what women's roles were supposed to be.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰（PATRICIA IRELAND），空乘人员/作家：在 20 世纪 50 年代长大的我，非常清楚女性的角色应该是什么。

NARRATOR: The American home.

旁白：美国家庭。

Today, it is perhaps the most important job in the world.

今天，这可能是世界上最重要的工作。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: It was reflected in television, it was reflected in the books I read.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰（PATRICIA IRELAND），空乘人员/作家：它反映在电视中，也反映在我读的书中。

It was reflected in the examples used in my school lessons.

这反映在我学校课程中使用的示例中。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: There were all kinds of different expectations for men and women.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：男性和女性有各种不同的期望。

They were basically considered two different types of human beings.

他们基本上被认为是两种不同类型的人。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: Men were supposed to be the leaders, the presidents, the newspaper reporters, people who took dangerous jobs, people who took important jobs.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：男人应该成为领导者、总统、报纸记者、从事危险工作的人、从事重要工作的人。

Women were expected to get married and raise a family.

妇女被期望结婚并建立家庭。

But, before that, it was expected that they would work at a number of lower level jobs, secretary, clerk, librarian, teacher, they were not expected to have careers.

但是，在此之前，人们预计他们会从事一些较低级别的工作，秘书、文员、图书管理员、教师，他们不被期望有职业。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER My parents were opposed to my going to college.

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯，律师 我的父母反对我上大学。

Their expectations for me were to get married, and have a family.

他们对我的期望是结婚、组建家庭。

They felt that the fact that I had been a good student, was already going to make it harder for me to find a husband.

他们觉得我是一个好学生，这一事实已经让我更难找到丈夫了。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: My parents could only afford to send one child to college and that was my brother.

塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根（CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN），空乘人员：我的父母只能负担一个孩子上大学的费用，那就是我的兄弟。

NARRATOR: Now, mother and daughter put the finishing touches on the dinner.

旁白：现在，母女俩对晚餐进行最后的修饰。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT That was the way parents thought at the time.

塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根（CELESTE LANSDALE Brodigan），空姐 这就是当时父母的想法。

My brother would go to college.

我哥哥会去上大学。

I would go to secretarial school, get married and produce grandchildren.

我会去秘书学校，结婚生子。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: After World War II, the airline industry introduced the DC-6 with a pressurized cabin, so airplanes could now fly higher, smoother, faster, and also carry more passengers.

作家 VICTORIA VANTOCH：第二次世界大战后，航空业推出了带有加压机舱的 DC-6，因此飞机现在可以飞得更高、更平稳、更快，并且可以运载更多乘客。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The customer is going to experience flying as pretty comfortable.

历史学家 PHIL TIEMEYER：客户将体验到非常舒适的飞行体验。

You have plush seats.

你有豪华的座位。

STEWARDESS: Would you like some dinner, sir?

空姐：先生，您想吃晚饭吗？

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN And you're going to be served cocktails.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER）将为您奉上鸡尾酒。

STEWARDESS: How about you, miss?

空姐：小姐，你呢？

FEMALE PASSENGER: Oh, this looks delicious.

女乘客：哦，这个看起来很好吃。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN They were marketing comfort, which meant you don't need a nurse.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER）：他们推销的是舒适感，这意味着你不需要护士。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN This is the moment when this profession becomes heavily, heavily identified with women and almost exclusively populated by women.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶 (Phil TIEMEYER) 在这个时刻，这个职业变得非常非常受女性认同，并且几乎完全由女性组成。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: I remember in seventh grade I read this book, How to Become an Airline Stewardess, and the first line was, "Would you like a boyfriend in every city in the world?" And I was like, "Yes, I would." But I also was like, "I want to go to every city in the world."

安·胡德，空乘人员/作家：我记得七年级时读过这本书，《如何成为一名空姐》，第一行是：“你想在世界上每个城市都有一个男朋友吗？”我当时想，“是的，我会的。”但我也想，“我想去世界上的每一个城市。”

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: Being a stewardess was the best possible job for good girls who were craving something interesting, out of the ordinary.

作家茱莉亚·库克：对于那些渴望一些有趣的、与众不同的好女孩来说，成为一名空姐是最好的工作。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: A woman could go to different places and see different things and really stand out.

作家朱莉娅·库克：女人可以去不同的地方，看到不同的事物，并且真正脱颖而出。

But at the same time, she was doing something that was still very stereotypically feminine.

但与此同时，她所做的事情仍然非常典型的女性化。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: If you were applying to be a stewardess, you were going to be scrutinized, first and foremost, for your looks.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：如果您申请成为一名空姐，首先要对您的外表进行审查。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: You got this chart and you wouldn't even get an interview if your height and weight was more than listed on that chart.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：你拿到了这张图表，如果你的身高和体重超出了该图表上列出的范围，你甚至不会得到面试机会。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: If you make it physically, then what they're looking for is someone who's going to take orders well.

菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：如果你能亲自做到这一点，那么他们正在寻找的是能够很好地接受命令的人。

They need pliant employees.

他们需要顺从的员工。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: The educational requirements for stewardesses really varied very much by airline.

作家朱莉娅·库克：不同航空公司对空姐的教育要求确实有很大差异。

On Pan Am you had to have gone to college and you had to speak two languages fluently.

在泛美航空，你必须上过大学，并且必须能流利地说两种语言。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: My dream flight attendant job was with Pan Am or TWA, and I was as good as hired with Pan Am, but I flunked the French test.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：我梦想的空乘工作是在泛美航空或环球航空，而且我和泛美航空一样优秀，但我没有通过法国考试。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: With TWA I made it through that grueling interview process, and when I got the acceptance letter it was beyond exciting.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：在环球航空，我通过了艰苦的面试过程，当我收到录取通知书时，我感到非常兴奋。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: They flew us to Kansas City for six weeks.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：他们带我们飞往堪萨斯城六个星期。

I arrived in January, freezing cold, snow up to here, the happiest girl in the world.

我一月份到达这里，天气寒冷，还下着雪，这是世界上最幸福的女孩。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The training was held in Miami.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰（PATRICIA IRELAND），空乘人员/撰稿人：培训在迈阿密举行。

And the six weeks involved learning the procedures for services.

这六周的时间涉及学习服务程序。

How do you make coffee on the airplane?

飞机上怎么煮咖啡？

How do you work the ovens?

你如何操作烤箱？

How did you mix drinks?

你是如何混合饮料的？

Where did you mix them?

你在哪里混合它们？

How did you pass them out?

你是怎么把它们传出去的？

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: There were segments on understanding the physics of flight.

作家朱莉娅·库克：其中有一些关于理解飞行物理学的部分。

STEWARDESS TRAINING INSTRUCTOR: Should there be a sudden loss of cabin pressure, oxygen masks will be released automatically.

空姐培训教练：如果机舱突然失压，氧气面罩会自动释放。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER There were segments on safety.

朱莉娅·库克（JULIA COOKE），作家 有一些关于安全的部分。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: You have to be able to evacuate any aircraft within 90 seconds.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：您必须能够在 90 秒内疏散任何飞机。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER The airline knew that for a huge number of their passengers, this would be their first flight.

作家朱莉娅·库克 (JULIA COOKE) 航空公司知道，对于大量乘客来说，这将是他们的第一次飞行。

They would be in a metal tube at 35,000 feet, and any fear that they felt was very justified, and so they wanted stewardesses to be very knowledgeable and specific in their ability to reassure a passenger.

他们将待在 35,000 英尺高空的金属管中，他们感到的任何恐惧都是非常合理的，因此他们希望空姐知识渊博、具体，有能力安抚乘客。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: When women were first hired on airplanes, the sales pitch around them was that having a mere girl willing to fly would help sell tickets.

作家茱莉亚·库克：当女性第一次在飞机上受雇时，围绕她们的销售宣传是，只要有一个愿意乘坐飞机的女孩就可以帮助销售机票。

By the '50s, the pitch had flipped.

到了 50 年代，情况发生了转变。

Prices were fixed by the government, the airlines had to compete based on image and perks.

价格由政府确定，航空公司必须根据形象和福利进行竞争。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Airlines want to portray a vision of luxury and domesticity.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：航空公司希望描绘奢华和家庭生活的愿景。

Flight attendants really become the linchpin to that as hostesses.

空乘人员确实成为女主人的关键。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: They wanted someone who was stereotypically very beautiful.

作家茱莉亚·库克：他们想要一个典型的非常漂亮的人。

That was a way for an airline to distinguish itself and appeal to a largely masculine customer base.

这是航空公司脱颖而出并吸引以男性为主的客户群的一种方式。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: The airlines really wanted a visual standardization of what a lovely stewardess looked like.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：航空公司确实希望对可爱的空姐的样子进行视觉标准化。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: We all got our hair cut just the length of our chin bone.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：我们的头发都剪到了下巴骨的长度。

We were all supposed to look the same, both our hair, but also our makeup.

我们都应该看起来一样，包括我们的头发，还有我们的妆容。

Red lipstick, mandatory.

红色口红，必选。

There was an idea, I think, to make us into little machine parts and not think of ourselves as individuals.

我认为有一个想法，就是把我们变成机器的小部件，而不是把我们自己当作个体。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: In our graduation photo we look like 20 mannequins sitting in two rows.

凯瑟琳·希南 (KATHLEEN HEENAN)，空乘人员：在我们的毕业照中，我们看起来就像 20 个人体模型坐成两排。

When I looked at it I couldn't find myself.

当我看着它时，我找不到自己了。

That was my- My first thing was, “Where am I in this photograph?”

那是我的——我的第一件事是，“我在这张照片中的哪里？”

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The grooming supervisors were former flight attendants.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：美容主管是前空乘人员。

Their whole job was to make sure that your high heels were three inches tall, that you had white gloves that were white, no runs in your stockings, your shoes were polished, not just the right heel height.

他们的全部工作就是确保你的高跟鞋有三英寸高，你有白色的白手套，你的长筒袜没有任何痕迹，你的鞋子擦得锃亮，而不仅仅是鞋跟高度合适。

JEAN MONTAGUE, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: They'd look you over and a gal would do like this to your buttocks to see if you had your girdle on.

让·蒙塔古（JEAN MONTAGUE），空乘人员：他们会仔细检查你，然后一个女孩会对你的臀部做这样的动作，看看你是否穿了腰带。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: They had this big piece of paper with appearance, hair, nails.

尘土飞扬的道路，空乘人员：他们有一张大纸，上面有外表、头发、指甲。

You couldn't be too flashy.

你不能太浮华。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: You really need to have a good understanding of middle class deportment, speech, manners-- poise, as the airlines would put it.

凯瑟琳·巴里（KATHLEEN BARRY），历史学家：你确实需要对中产阶级的举止、言语、举止有很好的了解——正如航空公司所说的那样。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: They told us they wouldn't hesitate to kick us out of that class if we didn't do the right things.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：他们告诉我们，如果我们不做正确的事情，他们会毫不犹豫地将我们踢出班级。

STEWARDESS TRAINEE ACTRESS: May I offer you a cigarette sir?

空姐见习女演员：先生，我可以请您抽烟吗？

PASSENGER ACTOR: Oh, no thanks, I have a fine cigar.

乘客演员：哦，不用了，谢谢，我有一支很好的雪茄。

STEWARDESS TRAINEE ACTRESS: Well may I put it out for you then sir?

空姐见习女演员：那么先生，我可以为您把它放出来吗？

PASSENGER ACTOR: Put it out?

乘客演员：把它放出去？

I just lit it!

我刚刚点燃了它！

STEWARDESS TRAINEE ACTRESS: Some of the passengers get a little…

空姐实习演员：有些乘客有点……

well you know how it is with people who don’t smoke cigars.

你知道不抽雪茄的人是怎样的。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER And the right things included always being friendly to everyone.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰 (PATRICIA IRELAND)，空乘人员/作家 正确的事情包括始终对每个人都友好。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: It's expected, it’s part of the job to act like your smile is genuine, and everything you're doing is because you like being a gracious hostess.

凯瑟琳·巴里（KATHLEEN BARRY），历史学家：表现得真诚是工作的一部分，这是预料之中的，你所做的一切都是因为你喜欢成为一个亲切的女主人。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: If they didn't care for something you did or said or reacted to, they would wait until everyone was in class and they'd tap you on your shoulder, and they took you to your room, packed your bags, and they sent you home.

空乘人员塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根：如果他们不关心你所做的、所说的或做出的反应，他们会等到所有人都在课堂上时，他们会拍拍你的肩膀，然后带你到你的房间，收拾好你的行李，然后送你回家。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Now you've got a jet that can travel two times faster than propeller, and can accommodate more people.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：现在您拥有了一架喷气式飞机，其飞行速度是螺旋桨飞机的两倍，并且可以容纳更多的人。

So this is imperative for the airline to start expanding their customer base, because they now have more seats to fill.

因此，航空公司必须开始扩大客户群，因为他们现在有更多的座位需要填补。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: They start to cater not just exclusively to the business traveler.

历史学家 PHIL TIEMEYER：他们开始不仅仅只迎合商务旅行者的需求。

They start to go, "Well, what about bringing your wife?

他们开始说：“好吧，带上你的妻子怎么样？

What about bringing your kids?"

带孩子去怎么样？”

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: This is the moment where flying is becoming mass transportation.

作家 VICTORIA VanTOCH：现在是飞行成为大众交通工具的时刻。

That's the vision.

这就是愿景。

PILOT: This is your Captain again.

飞行员：这又是你们的机长。

If you haven’t already changed your watches to conform to the time difference, I suggest you do so now.

如果您还没有更换手表以适应时差，我建议您现在就这样做。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN The jet age is technological, but it's also aspirational.

历史学家菲尔·蒂梅耶 (PHIL TIEMEYER) 喷气式飞机时代是技术性的，但也是充满抱负的。

It's a yearning on the part of ordinary Americans to participate in the glamorous lives of celebrities.

参与名人的光鲜亮丽的生活是普通美国人的向往。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: So a factory worker celebrating retirement after 30 years on the job, you could be like Sinatra and fly down to Peru, and have a glamorous vacation.

菲尔·蒂迈尔（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：所以，一个工厂工人在工作 30 年后庆祝退休，你可以像西纳特拉（Sinatra）一样飞往秘鲁，享受一个迷人的假期。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: Stewardesses are at the center of jet age ad campaigns.

作家 VICTORIA VANTOCH：空姐是喷气机时代广告活动的中心人物。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER This is a new type of woman: she's sophisticated, she's very fashionable.

维多利亚·万托赫 (VICTORIA VANTOCH)，作家 这是一种新型女性：她精致、时尚。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER Every airline rolls out new uniforms.

作家 VICTORIA VANTOCH 每家航空公司都推出新制服。

They call it the “jet age” look.

他们称之为“喷气时代”的外观。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: You see a crew walking in their powder blue uniforms with their pillbox hats and their high heels, and it was quite a sight to see.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：你会看到一群穿着粉蓝色制服、戴着药盒帽和高跟鞋行走的机组人员，这是一个非常壮观的景象。

I mean, it was the definition of glamor.

我的意思是，这就是魅力的定义。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: "Oh, you're a stewardess?" You were just on the same level as a celebrity, movie star.

空乘人员/作家凯西·格兰特：“哦，你是空姐？”你与名人、电影明星处于同一水平。

It opened the doors to everything -- clubs, parties, you could crash a wedding and say you were a stewardess.

它打开了一切的大门——俱乐部、派对，你可以闯入一场婚礼并说你是一名空姐。

Scene 7: On the Job and Loving It CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT If I wanted to fly with my friend Lynn and she was junior to me, I could adopt her seniority, and then we both could fly together.

场景 7：工作中并热爱工作 CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员 如果我想和我的朋友 Lynn 一起飞行，而她比我资历浅，我可以采用她的资历，然后我们就可以一起飞行。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Or you could “trip trade,” if you knew you wanted to go to Paris with your best friend, you would trade to be on that trip.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空姐：或者你可以“旅行交易”，如果你知道你想和你最好的朋友一起去巴黎，你就会交易参加那次旅行。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I went to Paris, I went to Rome, I went to Athens.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：我去了巴黎，我去了罗马，我去了雅典。

I flew to London and to Frankfurt a lot.

我经常飞往伦敦和法兰克福。

There was so much to see and do.

有太多可看可做的事情。

You could go to Vidal Sassoon to get your haircut and then you could go out for a really nice meal.

你可以去维达沙宣去理发，然后你可以出去吃一顿美餐。

It really changed me in terms of my palate.

它确实改变了我的味觉。

I used to go to a favorite restaurant in London so that I could eat the Tandoori chicken.

我曾经去伦敦一家最喜欢的餐厅吃坦杜里鸡。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: When we landed, I was in Mexico City and could go to dinner.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：当我们降落时，我在墨西哥城，可以去吃晚饭了。

Wow.

哇。

Get back on the airplane and fly into Central America.

回到飞机上飞往中美洲。

Oh my gosh.

天哪。

Pick up the newspaper from Guatemala and see what's going on there.

拿起危地马拉的报纸，看看那里发生了什么。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT I became quite independent.

凯瑟琳·希南 (KATHLEEN HEENAN)，空乘人员 我变得非常独立。

I felt very comfortable moving around in these foreign cities.

在这些外国城市里走动我感觉很舒服。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: In the '50s and '60s, women very rarely traveled alone.

作家朱莉娅·库克：在 50 年代和 60 年代，女性很少独自旅行。

And working on a plane, especially internationally, gave you an excuse to travel completely freely.

在飞机上工作，尤其是在国际航班上工作，为您提供了完全自由旅行的借口。

You were going to these foreign countries and checking into a hotel with your other fellow stewardesses, and then no one knew what you did until you had to show up at the airplane next.

你要去这些国家，和其他空姐一起入住一家酒店，然后没有人知道你做了什么，直到你接下来必须出现在飞机上。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER I had grown up in a very narrow, sheltered environment.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空姐/作家 我在一个非常狭窄、受庇护的环境中长大。

I went out there and I was confronted with all the things that the world had to offer.

我走出去，面对世界所提供的一切。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: It gave me a lot of self-confidence that I could just get on an airplane and go someplace, on my own and be quite happy.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：这给了我很大的自信，我可以独自登上飞机去某个地方，并且非常高兴。

That wasn't true of everybody that I went to college with or I went to high school with, that they could do that or wanted to do it, but I wanted to do it, and I did do it.

对于和我一起上大学或一起上高中的每个人来说，情况并非如此，他们可以这样做或想要这样做，但我想这样做，而且我确实做到了。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: This job was asking women for their ambitions.

作家茱莉亚·库克：这项工作要求女性实现她们的抱负。

It was asking for a woman who wanted to see uncharted terrain.

它正在寻找一位想要探索未知领域的女士。

A woman whose curiosity was enormous, which no other feminized job in that era really wanted.

一个有着巨大好奇心的女人，在那个时代没有其他女性化的工作真正想要这样的女人。

It was incredible.

这太不可思议了。

Scene 1: Integrating the Skies - Patricia Noisette Banks Edmiston PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT I was kind of looking for something a little different in my life.

场景 1：整合天空 - Patricia Noisette Banks Edmiston 帕特里夏·诺瓦塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿 (Patricia Noisette Banks Edmiston) 帕特·诺瓦塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿 (PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON)，空乘人员 我想在我的生活中寻找一些不同的东西。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was looking at a fashion magazine and the magazine had an advertisement for the Grace Downs Air Career School in Manhattan.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：我正在看一本时尚杂志，杂志上刊登了曼哈顿格雷斯唐斯航空职业学校的广告。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT I applied and I was accepted in 1956.

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON，空乘人员 我于 1956 年申请并被录取。

Never had been on an airplane.

从来没有坐过飞机。

So this was a part of, you know, I've never been on an airplane.

所以这是我从未坐过飞机的一部分。

This is great.

这太棒了。

This is great.

这太棒了。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: Women could pay the school and learn how to become an airline stewardess.

维多利亚·万托赫（VICTORIA VANTOCH），作家：女性可以支付学校费用并学习如何成为一名空姐。

The expectation, if you did well at the school, you would ultimately get hired, and get a job as a stewardess.

人们期望，如果你在学校表现出色，你最终会被录用，并找到一份空姐的工作。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When you would graduate, then airlines would come to the Grace Downs Air Career School to interview you, to put you into positions in their aircraft.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：当你毕业时，航空公司会来格雷斯唐斯航空职业学校面试你，然后将你安排到他们飞机上的职位。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was interviewed by Mohawk Airlines, by Capitol Airlines, which was one of the largest southern airlines and TWA.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：我接受了莫霍克航空公司和国会航空公司的采访，该航空公司是最大的南方航空公司和环球航空公司之一。

Now, everyone was getting interviewed and people were getting hired, but I was not even getting a response from any of the instructors, or the airlines.

现在，每个人都在接受面试，人们都在被雇用，但我什至没有得到任何教练或航空公司的回应。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Shortly after the interviews one of the chief stewardesses saw me outside and she said to me, "Pat, I hate to see you go through this," she said, "But the airlines do not hire Negroes." PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT The south, it was open, clear.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空姐：采访结束后不久，一位首席空姐在外面看到我，她对我说，“帕特，我讨厌看到你经历这一切，”她说，“但航空公司不雇用黑人。”帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员 南方，开阔、清澈。

That white people had this advantage, black people had no advantage.

白人有这个优势，黑人没有优势。

I’m in New York.

我在纽约。

It’s not as clear or vivid.

它不是那么清晰或生动。

Subtle, yes, you just didn’t know certain things.

微妙的是，你只是不知道某些事情。

And then when the airline situation occurred, it just opened my eyes totally.

然后当航空公司的情况发生时，我彻底大开眼界。

Yes, it exists here.

是的，它存在于此。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: Traveling by air was very expensive and not easily accessible to most Americans in general, let alone African Americans.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：乘飞机旅行非常昂贵，而且对大多数美国人来说都不容易，更不用说非裔美国人了。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: It's not surprising that Pat Banks didn't have a full understanding of what was taking place.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：帕特·班克斯对正在发生的事情没有完全了解，这并不奇怪。

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: A lot of airports in the 1950s were either segregated or beginning to be segregated.

历史学家米娅·湾：20 世纪 50 年代的许多机场要么实行隔离，要么开始实行隔离。

Airlines sometimes used a special code.

航空公司有时使用特殊代码。

If people called from a Black neighborhood or if they sounded Black, then this special code would be written down on their ticket to indicate that they had to be seated apart from others.

如果人们从黑人社区打来电话，或者听起来是黑人，那么这个特殊代码就会写在他们的票上，以表明他们必须与其他人分开座位。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: In some instances African Americans would be bumped off of flights to make space for white passengers.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：在某些情况下，非裔美国人会被赶下飞机，为白人乘客腾出空间。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I went home and we had a neighbor, and I called him as soon as I got home and I said, "Pop, they're telling me that they don't hire Negroes." He said, "We'll take care of this." He introduced me to Adam Clayton Powell.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：我回到家，我们有一个邻居，我一到家就给他打电话，我说，“爸爸，他们告诉我他们不雇用黑人。”他说：“我们会处理好这件事。”他把我介绍给亚当·克莱顿·鲍威尔。

Adam Clayton Powell referred me and introduced me to the The New York State Commission Against Discrimination.

亚当·克莱顿·鲍威尔 (Adam Clayton Powell) 向我推荐了纽约州反歧视委员会。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: There were no federal laws in place to protect against discrimination in the workplace.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：没有联邦法律来保护工作场所免受歧视。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: So it was very important for Pat to file her case in New York because New York was the first state in the United States to pass an anti-discrimination law.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：帕特在纽约提起诉讼非常重要，因为纽约是美国第一个通过反歧视法的州。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT I filed a case against Mohawk, Capital and TWA.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿 (PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON)，空乘人员 我对 Mohawk、Capital 和 TWA 提起诉讼。

The statute of limitations had expired with Mohawk and TWA, but it held strong with Capital.

Mohawk 和环球航空的诉讼时效已经到期，但 Capital 的诉讼时效依然有效。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Discrimination is a very difficult thing to prove.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：歧视是一件很难证明的事情。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Airlines don’t specify that they're not going to hire Black women, but they don't really need to, because manuals will say things like, "Oh, are your hands soft and white?"

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：航空公司没有明确表示他们不会雇用黑人女性，但他们实际上并不需要这样做，因为手册上会说“哦，你的手又软又白吗？”

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: They talk about how people shouldn't have broader flat noses.

历史学家米娅·贝：他们谈论人们不应该有更宽的扁平鼻子。

People shouldn't have hook noses.

人不应该有鹰钩鼻。

Coarse hair overly full lips - indicating certain kinds of racial stereotypes about Jews and Blacks.

粗糙的头发和过于丰满的嘴唇——表明对犹太人和黑人的某些种族刻板印象。

They actually include enough details to make sure that certain kinds of people really cannot get employed.

它们实际上包含了足够的细节，以确保某些类型的人确实无法就业。

JEAN MONTAGUE, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When I was hired, you couldn't be married, period.

JEAN MONTAGUE，空乘人员：当我被雇用时，你不能结婚，就这样。

We had a couple of gals that did it on the side, but you couldn't be married then, couldn't have children.

我们有几个女孩兼职做这件事，但那时你不能结婚，不能生孩子。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: From the very beginning, most airlines have an explicit ban on hiring married women.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：从一开始，大多数航空公司就明确禁止雇用已婚女性。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Starting in 1953, American Airlines impose a new rule that stewardesses will leave the job when they turn 32.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：从 1953 年开始，美国航空公司实施了一项新规定，规定空姐在年满 32 岁时必须离职。

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: It took a little while, but other airlines started adding the age rule too.

作家 ELAINE ROCK：花了一段时间，但其他航空公司也开始增加年龄规则。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: They wanted us to be hired, do our job for a couple of years and leave.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：他们希望我们被雇用，做我们的工作几年，然后离开。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: Airlines wanted women who projected a degree of wholesomeness, but also a little bit of sexual availability.

作家朱莉娅·库克：航空公司希望女性既表现出一定程度的健康，又具有一点性的吸引力。

They wanted her to be young so that she would appear to be single without having to say so.

他们希望她年轻，这样她就不用说出来就显得单身。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: United had flights out of New York to Chicago called executive flights.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：美联航有从纽约飞往芝加哥的航班，称为行政航班。

Only men could buy a ticket on those planes.

只有男性才能购买这些飞机的机票。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When I went for my interview with TWA I signed a paper, which they presented to me, and on it said that I would be retired at the age of 35.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：当我去环球航空公司面试时，我签署了一份他们交给我的文件，上面说我将在 35 岁退休。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: 35 was a long ways away.

凯瑟琳·希南 (KATHLEEN HEENAN)，空乘人员： 35 还很远。

I thought I would be married with children.

我以为我会结婚并有孩子。

That was the expectation: You would meet Mr. Wonderful in first class and you'd be swept off your feet, et cetera, and that would be happiness ever after.

这就是人们的期望：你会在头等舱遇到奇妙先生，你会神魂颠倒，等等，而那将是永远的幸福。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The requirement to be unmarried, the requirement to stay under a certain age, it’s really about making sure that flight attendants are not getting paid top dollar.

菲尔·蒂迈尔（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：未婚的要求，年龄低于一定年龄的要求，实际上是为了确保空乘人员不会获得高薪。

That they're not going to get a pension, they're not going to accrue vacation benefits that they would've gotten if they're in year 15 or year 20 of their career.

他们将不会获得养老金，也不会累积在职业生涯第 15 年或第 20 年才能获得的假期福利。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: It was money, money, money.

尘土飞扬的道路，空姐：这是钱，钱，钱。

What do you think it costs to have an ace stewardess at age 32 top salary, maximum vacation, going to fly until she's 60, get a retirement?

你认为拥有一名 32 岁的王牌空姐、最高薪水、最长假期、一直飞行到 60 岁、退休的成本是多少？

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: If you're not married and having babies and happy to stay there, tough luck, honey.

尘土飞扬的道路，空姐：如果你还没有结婚生子，并且很高兴呆在那里，那你就运气不好了，亲爱的。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I didn't want to stop flying.

尘土飞扬的道路，空乘人员：我不想停止飞行。

Flying was exciting.

飞行是令人兴奋的。

God, it was that.

天哪，就是这样。

It still is.

现在仍然如此。

But then it was really exciting.

但后来真的很令人兴奋。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Flight attendants start to organize in the late 1940s.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里 (KATHLEEN BARRY)：空乘人员在 20 世纪 40 年代末开始组织起来。

They're unhappy with their wages, but they're also unhappy with being patronized by the airlines.

他们对自己的工资不满意，但对航空公司的惠顾也不满意。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: Pretty quickly they began to realize that they would have greater bargaining leverage if they joined with some of the other workers.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：很快他们就开始意识到，如果他们与其他一些工人一起加入，他们将拥有更大的讨价还价筹码。

The pilots set up a division for stewards and stewardesses and some of the flight attendants went into the Transport Workers Union.

飞行员成立了乘务员和空姐部门，一些空乘人员加入了运输工人工会。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Unions just weren't something I thought of.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员： 我根本没想过工会。

When I was in training, I failed the section on the contract.

当我在训练的时候，我没有通过合同的部分。

I didn't understand it and I didn't understand it until I started flying.

我不明白，直到我开始飞行我才明白。

And I realized how the company took advantage of stewardesses.

我意识到这家公司是如何利用空姐的。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Being from Pittsburgh, I was quite familiar with unions.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：我来自匹兹堡，对工会非常熟悉。

And so there would be a union

所以会有一个工会

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The grievance procedure was an orderly settlement of a dispute.

空乘人员塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根：申诉程序是争议的有序解决。

I thought, “Hmm, this is interesting.

我想：“嗯，这很有趣。

I kind of like that.”

我有点喜欢这样。”

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: Flight attendants and pilots and baggage handlers wanted to be paid fairly, they wanted more control over their hours, their flight time.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：空乘人员、飞行员和行李搬运工希望得到公平的报酬，他们希望更好地控制自己的工作时间和飞行时间。

But flight attendants also had problems that the men didn't face.

但空乘人员也面临着这些男人没有遇到的问题。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: When American Airlines said, we're going to put it in the contract that flight attendants can't work past the age of 32, the union pushed back.

多萝西·苏·科布尔（多萝西·苏·科布尔），历史学家：当美国航空公司表示，我们将在合同中规定空乘人员不能在 32 岁以上工作时，工会予以反击。

The rules still went in.

规则还是进去了。

But what they did win was a compromise, what they called a grandmother clause, so that any flight attendant who had been hired before 1953 could continue on.

但他们最终赢得的是一项妥协，即他们所谓的“祖母条款”，这样任何 1953 年之前受聘的空乘人员都可以继续工作。

It saved a lot of jobs.

它保住了很多工作岗位。

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: Dusty wasn't required to retire when the age rule came in.

作家伊莱恩·罗克：年龄规则出台后，达斯蒂并没有被要求退休。

She had nothing to lose.

她没有什么可失去的。

She said, "I want to fight this.

她说：“我想与之抗争。

This is wrong." And that was her motivation to join the union.

这是错误的。”这就是她加入工会的动机。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: My family was very Republican and unions were naughty, naughty, naughty, terrible.

尘土飞扬的道路，空乘人员：我的家人非常支持共和党，工会非常顽皮，顽皮，顽皮，可怕。

Nobody in my family had ever belonged to a union.

我家里没有人加入过工会。

That was just, oh my goodness, we're college people, we don't join unions, oh!

那只是，天哪，我们是大学生，我们不加入工会，哦！

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: She became vice chair and would file grievances on behalf of other stewardesses.

作家伊莱恩·罗克 (ELAINE ROCK)：她成为副主席，并代表其他空姐提出申诉。

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: Dusty exuded this sense of confidence.

作家伊莱恩·罗克：达斯蒂散发着这种自信感。

She always spoke to anybody who would speak to her, and many men always did.

她总是和任何愿意和她说话的人说话，许多男人也总是这样做。

Because she was so attractive, they wanted to know, "Who is this woman?"

因为她太有吸引力了，他们想知道，“这个女人是谁？”

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I figured out that the Congress was in session on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, and then they went home on Friday.

尘土飞扬的道路，空乘人员：我发现国会在周二、周三和周四开会，然后他们周五就回家了。

So I bid the Washington trip on Monday, and I'd always have a bunch of congressmen on board and they got to know me.

所以我申请了周一的华盛顿之行，船上总是有一群国会议员，他们也认识了我。

"Dusty, how you doing?" I said, "Oh, I'm really upset about this.

“达斯提，你怎么样？”我说：“哦，我对此感到非常沮丧。

My best friend's being fired because she’s 32".

我最好的朋友因为 32 英寸而被解雇了。

They said, "What?

他们说：“什么？

They fire you?" Here these guys are 60.

他们解雇你了？”这些人都 60 岁了。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Dusty, as she's flying, she's working her connections.

凯瑟琳·巴里，历史学家：达斯蒂，当她飞行时，她正在建立她的联系。

She's leveraging the visibility of stewardesses to gain access to people who can pull levers of power in policy-making circles.

她利用空姐的知名度来接触那些能够在政策制定圈子中发挥影响力的人。

Scene 1: Do I look like an Ol’ Bag to you?

场景一：你觉得我像个老包吗？

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: In 1963 Dusty decided to put on a press conference.

作家伊莱恩·罗克 (ELAINE ROCK)：1963 年达斯蒂决定召开新闻发布会。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: To say the word “stewardess” in those days was glamor.

尘土飞扬的道路，空姐：在那个年代，说“空姐”这个词是很迷人的。

Oh boy.

噢，孩子。

Oh boy.

噢，孩子。

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: She got four stewardesses that were under 32 and four stewardesses that were over 32.

作家伊莱恩·罗克 (ELAINE ROCK)：她有四名 32 岁以下的空姐和四名 32 岁以上的空姐。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I said “Now they're firing us at age 32.

尘土飞扬的道路，空乘人员：我说“现在他们要解雇我们 32 岁的人了。

Can you tell me which ones are 32?" And of course they said, "No, no, no, no." But I did look pretty good.

你能告诉我哪些是32吗？”当然，他们说：“不，不，不，不。”但我看起来确实不错。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: The idea is basically, “Hey, take a look at us.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：这个想法基本上是，“嘿，看看我们。

Don't we all look like lovely stewardesses?” It’s a kind of dare to the airlines' policy, can you really tell who's past the age limit?

我们看起来不都是可爱的空姐吗？”这是对航空公司政策的一种挑战，你真的能看出谁超过了年龄限制吗？

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: These women were really trying to use the sexism that was being wielded against them to get what they wanted, which was to keep their jobs.

作家朱莉娅·库克：这些女性确实试图利用针对她们的性别歧视来获得她们想要的东西，那就是保住她们的工作。

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: When the stewardesses went into negotiation with the union and management, American Airlines came into the room with a stack of newspapers from all over the country and just plopped it down on the desk saying, "That was an interesting stunt that you girls pulled.

作家伊莱恩·罗克：当空姐们与工会和管理层进行谈判时，美国航空公司带着一叠来自全国各地的报纸走进房间，然后把它扔在桌子上说：“你们女孩们玩的真是一个有趣的把戏。

We're not going to negotiate the age rule now."

我们现在不打算就年龄规则进行谈判。”

JEAN MONTAGUE, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: It's terrible to be fired because of age.

JEAN MONTAGUE，空乘人员：因为年龄而被解雇真是太糟糕了。

But I had hopes because I knew how smart Dusty was.

但我还是抱有希望，因为我知道达斯蒂有多聪明。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I believed in fair play.

尘土飞扬的道路，空乘人员：我相信公平竞争。

Every club I ever was in, I became president.

我加入过的每一个俱乐部，我都成为了主席。

I was president of the women’s athletic council, and president of my sorority.

我是女子体育委员会的主席，也是我的联谊会的主席。

I knew all the rules, and I went by them.

我知道所有规则，并且遵守它们。

And if I didn’t like a rule, we changed it.

如果我不喜欢某条规则，我们就会改变它。

ELAINE ROCK, WRITER: Dusty wasn't just fighting airline management in an age rule, she was fighting national gender discrimination.

作家伊莱恩·罗克（ELAINE ROCK）：达斯蒂不仅反对航空公司管理层的年龄规定，而且还反对全国性的性别歧视。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Once things began to hit the newspapers I would get letters.

帕特·诺瓦塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：一旦事情开始见诸报端，我就会收到信件。

When I had threatening letters I had to report it to the police.

当我收到威胁信时，我必须向警方报告。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: You kind of expect these things.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员： 你有点期待这些事情。

You knew you were going to get focused on.

你知道你会受到关注。

You knew you were going to get letters of negativity.

你知道你会收到消极的信件。

This is something - “oh, here it comes.”

这是某种东西——“哦，它来了。”

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I just couldn't deal with the racism anymore.

空乘人员帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿：我实在无法再应对种族主义了。

I couldn't deal with it.

我无法应对。

I didn't think it was fair.

我认为这不公平。

I'm just as equal to you as you are to me.

我对你平等，就像你对我平等一样。

We're one, we're humans, and you're not going to treat us this way anymore.

我们是一体的，我们是人类，你不会再这样对待我们了。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: Pat’s plans were put on hold while her lawyers researched her case.

维多利亚·万托赫（VICTORIA VanTOCH），作家：帕特的计划在她的律师研究她的案件时被搁置。

They had to look at the supervisor notes and see who met what criteria, how did Pat compared to the other applicants.

他们必须查看主管的笔记，看看谁符合什么标准，帕特与其他申请人相比如何。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: They were trying to prove that she was the typical all-American girl: She played violin, she was respectable.

维多利亚·万托赫，作家：他们试图证明她是典型的全美女孩：她拉小提琴，她很受人尊敬。

So, the element that excluded her from that image of femininity and Americanness was her race.

因此，将她排除在女性气质和美国性形象之外的因素是她的种族。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was determined that somebody of African American heritage was going to get this job.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：我确定非裔美国人会得到这份工作。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER Finally, in late February 1960, Pat got her ruling.

维多利亚·万托赫 (VICTORIA VANTOCH)，作家 1960 年 2 月下旬，帕特终于得到了裁决。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was working for Con Edison, going to college at night.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：我当时在联合爱迪生公司工作，晚上去上大学。

And there was a little candy store on the corner where I used to get the bus to go home.

拐角处有一家小糖果店，我曾经在那里乘公共汽车回家。

When I got into the candy store, the man in the store said, "Pat, Pat, you won the case, I couldn't wait to get home.

当我走进糖果店时，店里的人说：“帕特，帕特，你赢了官司，我迫不及待地想回家。

My mother says, "Patsy, the phone is ringing off the hook.

我妈妈说：“帕西，电话响了。

You won!

你赢了！

You won!

你赢了！

You won!" Oh my God.

你赢了！”天啊。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The court ordered Capital Airlines to hire me, or it would go to the Supreme Court.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：法院命令首都航空公司雇用我，否则将上诉至最高法院。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The president of Capital Airlines called me.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员： 首都航空公司总裁给我打电话。

I don't remember his name, but he called to apologize and welcome me into training in Alexandria, Virginia [laughs].

我不记得他的名字，但他打电话道歉并欢迎我到弗吉尼亚州亚历山大市接受训练（笑）。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: You know, it was like, "We did it.

空乘人员帕特·诺瓦塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿：你知道，就像是，“我们做到了。

They can't get away with this anymore."

他们再也不能逃避这件事了。”

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I'm young now.

帕特·诺瓦塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员： 我现在很年轻。

I like to hang out with friends and do things.

我喜欢和朋友一起出去玩，做一些事情。

But I had to be this perfect human being.

但我必须成为一个完美的人。

And the only way I could do that was to do my job, go home, come back.

我能做到这一点的唯一方法就是做好我的工作，回家，再回来。

I wouldn't do anything that may have led to a mistake.

我不会做任何可能导致错误的事情。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I remember we were on a DC3 and DC3s are kind of bumpy.

空乘人员帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿：我记得我们乘坐的是 DC3，而 DC3 有点颠簸。

This man looked at me and he said, "When you finish doing your work, would you please hold my hand?" And I said, "Sure sir, I'll sit down with you." So he held my hand and he asked me, he said, "Have you ever been to Montana?" I said, no, sir.

这个人看着我，他说：“当你完成你的工作后，请握住我的手好吗？”我说：“当然，先生，我会和您一起坐下来。”所以他握着我的手问我，他说：“你去过蒙大拿州吗？”我说，不，先生。

He said, "The grass is so beautifully green, the trees are so green." He said, "No n****** and no winos." I'm holding his hand now.

他说：“草真绿，树真绿。”他说：“没有黑鬼，也没有酒鬼。”我现在握着他的手。

Now, the word n***** is something you never touch me with, but by the power of God I was able to sit there and hold his hand and not respond.

现在，“n*****”这个词是你永远不会触碰我的东西，但靠着上帝的力量，我能够坐在那里握住他的手而不做出任何反应。

I mean, I didn't respond until I got home that night.

我的意思是，直到那天晚上我回到家我才回复。

But these are the kind of situations that occurred that you had to really, really keep it together.

但在发生这些情况时，你必须非常非常地保持冷静。

PAT NOISETTE BANKS EDMISTON, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I worked for a year.

帕特·诺伊塞特·班克斯·埃德米斯顿，空乘人员：我工作了一年。

I wanted to go on with my life, finish school.

我想继续我的生活，完成学业。

I was planning on getting married, so I decided to leave.

我本来打算结婚，所以我决定离开。

I felt it was accomplished, the barrier was broken.

我感觉一切都完成了，障碍被打破了。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Any questions that any company may have had as to whether a negro was capable of doing the job, Pat set the record straight.

凯西·格兰特（CASEY GRANT），空乘人员/作家：对于任何公司可能对黑人是否有能力胜任这项工作提出的任何疑问，帕特都澄清了。

We could go above and beyond doing this job.

我们可以超越这项工作。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: The floodgates do not open.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：闸门没有打开。

It really at that time is about saving face.

那个时候确实是为了面子。

It's about letting a few in to avoid more lawsuits.

这是为了让一些人进来以避免更多的诉讼。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: Pat is very much part of a group of activists at the grassroots level who are pushing for changes, certainly at the local level but even more significantly at the federal level.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：帕特是一群草根积极分子中的一员，他们正在推动变革，当然是在地方层面，但更重要的是在联邦层面。

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: Pat's victory with the airlines takes place just as the civil rights movement is really heating up.

历史学家米娅·贝：帕特在航空公司的胜利发生在民权运动真正升温之际。

Change is in the air…

空气中弥漫着变化……

Scene 3: Title VII and Sex GRAPHIC DATE: July 2, 1964

场景 3：第七章和性爱 图片日期：1964 年 7 月 2 日

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The Civil Rights Act was designed to address the race-based inequalities that have been a part of the United States since before the United States was founded.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：《民权法案》旨在解决自美国建国以来就存在的基于种族的不平等问题。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Less known about the Civil Rights Act is that the worker protections to prevent discrimination also covered sex.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：《民权法案》鲜为人知的是，防止歧视的工人保护措施也涵盖了性别。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: Just before it was passed, Howard Smith, a congressman from Virginia, introduced an amendment to include prohibition on gender discrimination -- it was then called sex discrimination.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：就在法案通过之前，来自弗吉尼亚州的国会议员霍华德·史密斯（Howard Smith）提出了一项修正案，其中包括禁止性别歧视——当时称为性别歧视。

This stunned everybody there, because this was a law that was supposed to help Black people.

这让在场的每个人都感到震惊，因为这是一项应该帮助黑人的法律。

Reporter: What is your opinion Mr. Chairman of the current civil rights bill?

记者：主席先生，您对现行的民权法案有何看法？

Howard Smith: Now, we've had trouble with the so-called civil rights thing for a good many years…

霍华德·史密斯：现在，我们在所谓的民权问题上遇到了很多麻烦……

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: One interpretation is that he did that to add this laughable idea of sex discrimination that would help tank the bill.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：一种解释是，他这样做是为了添加这种可笑的性别歧视想法，这将有助于阻止该法案。

The other interpretation is that he wanted to ensure if this bill was going to provide all these protections for Black Americans, that white women should get protection as well.

另一种解释是，他想确保如果该法案将为美国黑人提供所有这些保护，那么白人女性也应该得到保护。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: If that's the ugliness of the sausage making, I mean the sausage isn't that bad, right, because for the first time in the United States, we now have employment protections that are designed, really, to promote women entering professions that were otherwise reserved for men.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：如果这就是香肠制作的丑陋之处，我的意思是香肠并没有那么糟糕，对吧，因为在美国，我们现在第一次有了就业保护，这些保护实际上是为了促进女性进入原本为男性保留的职业。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Our eyes were like, oh, that is gender, that includes gender.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：我们的眼神就像是，哦，这就是性别，包括性别。

Women have rights now.

妇女现在有权利。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The passage of the Civil Rights Act was a major step forward.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：《民权法案》的通过是向前迈出的重要一步。

But the passing of a law is not enough.

但仅通过一项法律还不够。

It's nowhere near enough.

这还远远不够。

You comply with the law because you think it's a good way to live.

您遵守法律，因为您认为这是一种好的生活方式。

You stop at a red light so people don't crash into each other, good.

红灯时你停下来，这样人们就不会互相撞到，很好。

But if you pass a law that people don't want to obey, they won't.

但如果你通过了一项人们不想遵守的法律，他们就不会遵守。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was set up to be the enforcement mechanism to make sure that discrimination in employment was not happening.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：平等就业机会委员会的成立是为了确保就业歧视不会发生的执行机制。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The expectation at the EEOC when they opened their doors was that they were going to hear from a bunch of African Americans who had documented cases where their rights as a worker had been ignored.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：平等就业机会委员会开门时的期望是，他们会听到一群非裔美国人的声音，他们记录了他们作为工人的权利被忽视的案例。

JEAN MONTAGUE, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Dusty and I went to the EEOC, so I could file a complaint.

JEAN MONTAGUE，空乘人员：Dusty 和我去了 EEOC，这样我就可以提出投诉。

Dusty had heard they were opening that day, so we planned our flight to be there.

达斯蒂听说他们那天开业，所以我们计划飞往那里。

JEAN MONTAGUE, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: There were people putting typewriters here and chairs there and getting it all straightened out.

让·蒙塔古（JEAN MONTAGUE），空乘人员：有人把打字机放在这里，把椅子放在那里，把一切都理顺了。

They had just opened the doors.

他们刚刚打开门。

They weren't really ready at all.

他们根本就没有真正准备好。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We were there the first day.

尘土飞扬的道路，空姐：我们第一天就在那里。

This Black woman looked at me and she said, You’re free, white and 21, what are you here for?

这个黑人妇女看着我，她说，你是自由人，白人，21 岁，你来这里做什么？

You have everything going for you.” So we said, "Sit down, honey.

你拥有一切适合你的东西。”所以我们说：“坐下，亲爱的。

I got a story to tell you." And we told them and they went, "Ooh.

我有一个故事要告诉你。”我们告诉他们，他们说，“哦。

Ooh." They couldn't believe it.

哦。”他们简直不敢相信。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: I joined the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission October 4th, 1965, three months after the agency opened.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯 (SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES)，律师：我于 1965 年 10 月 4 日加入平等就业机会委员会，即该机构成立三个月后。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER I was the first woman attorney in the office of the General Counsel which dealt with answering the big legal questions that came up administering the law.

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯 (SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES)，律师 我是总法律顾问办公室的第一位女律师，负责回答执法过程中出现的重大法律问题。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: We had tons of complaints filed by the stewardesses.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯 (SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES)，律师：我们收到了空姐提出的大量投诉。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: They had no idea what was coming, this volcanic kind of expression of a yearning for justice, of women keeping it bottled up for so long.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：他们不知道接下来会发生什么，这种对正义的渴望如火山般的表达，而女性却将这种渴望长期压抑着。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: They challenged the restrictions on age, the ability to get married.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：他们对年龄和结婚能力的限制提出了挑战。

That you couldn't be pregnant and be a flight attendant.

你不可能一边怀孕一边当空姐。

They filed complaint, after complaint, after complaint.

他们提出了一个又一个的投诉。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Within a year, flight attendants had more than a hundred cases on file.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：一年之内，空乘人员就记录了一百多个案件。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: These were not women who were setting out to break barriers for women.

作家茱莉亚·库克：这些女性并不是要为女性打破障碍。

They just wanted to keep their jobs.

他们只是想保住自己的工作。

But the EEOC was not taking these complaints based on gender very seriously.

但平等就业机会委员会并没有非常认真地对待这些基于性别的投诉。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: There were commissioners who were favorable to women's rights.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：有些委员支持妇女权利。

But, the Executive Director was opposed to women's rights, the Vice Chair was opposed.

但是，执行主任反对妇女权利，副主席也反对。

And on the staff level, I was the only woman speaking out.

在员工层面，我是唯一发声的女性。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: From an early age, I was sensitized to the second-class treatment of Blacks in this country.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：从很小的时候起，我就对这个国家黑人所受到的二等待遇很敏感。

But I was blind to the second-class treatment of women in this country.

但我对这个国家女性所受到的二等待遇视而不见。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: I had never done anything or given any thought to women's rights, but I read the statute.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：我从来没有做过任何事情，也没有考虑过妇女权利，但我读过该法规。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: The law said, you have to handle cases of sex discrimination.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：法律规定，你必须处理性别歧视案件。

You don't have a choice, when a law says something has to be investigated, to say, "I don't feel like doing that part of the law".

当法律规定必须对某些事情进行调查时，您没有选择说：“我不想执行法律的这一部分”。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The Feminine Mystique put words around the disquiet that a lot of women of a certain class were experiencing.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：《女性的奥秘》讲述了许多特定阶层女性所经历的不安。

It called to people's attention the reality that women who were smart and educated and could do so much were confined to one role once they were married and had children, and that was mom and wife.

它唤起了人们对现实的关注：那些聪明、受过教育、能做很多事情的女性，一旦结婚生子，就只能扮演一个角色，那就是母亲和妻子。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: Betty Friedan came to the EEOC because she thought she was going to write a follow-up book to The Feminine Mystique, about all the progress she thought women had made and she saw me there, a woman.

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯，律师：贝蒂·弗里丹来到平等就业机会委员会，因为她认为自己要写一本《女性的奥秘》的后续书，讲述她认为女性取得的所有进步，她在那里看到了我，一个女人。

So she came over to me, and she said, "What's really going on here?

于是她走过来对我说：“到底发生了什么事？

What's happening?"

发生什么事了？”

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: I was feeling pretty down.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：我当时心情非常低落。

I had had a discussion with the executive director who was opposed to women's rights.

我曾与反对妇女权利的执行董事进行过讨论。

I asked her to come into my office and I leveled with her.

我请她到我的办公室来，我向她坦白了。

I said, "What this country needs is an organization to fight for women like the NAACP fights for its members."

我说：“这个国家需要的是一个为女性而战的组织，就像全国有色人种协进会为其成员而战一样。”

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Halloween weekend, 1966, 19 women and two men met in the basement of the Washington Post to form NOW: the National Organization for Women, which had been conceived in the summer.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：1966 年万圣节周末，19 名女性和两名男性在《华盛顿邮报》的地下室会面，成立了“现在：全国妇女组织”，该组织是在夏天构思的。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: All of us wanted women to be accepted in educational institutions on an equal basis.

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES）律师：我们所有人都希望女性能够在平等的基础上被教育机构接受。

And we wanted women to be treated equally on the job.

我们希望女性在工作中得到平等对待。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Sonia started feeding information to two of the other NOW founders about what the EEOC was not doing about women's equality.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：索尼娅开始向 NOW 的另外两位创始人提供关于平等就业机会委员会在妇女平等方面没有采取哪些行动的信息。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: Then, we would draft a letter, from NOW, to the EEOC, complaining about the EEOC's action in various sectors.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯 (SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES)，律师：然后，我们将起草一封从 NOW 致 EEOC 的信，抱怨 EEOC 在各个领域的行动。

I knew that wasn't proper procedure but I was so emotionally involved that I did it.

我知道这不是正确的程序，但我太投入了感情，所以我这么做了。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: To my amazement, nobody ever raised the question of how come these people know what the commission is doing at its innermost meetings?

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：令我惊讶的是，没有人提出这样的问题：这些人怎么知道委员会在最内部的会议上正在做什么？

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: NOW took many directions to try to pressure the EEOC to enforce the law.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰（PATRICIA IRELAND），空乘人员/作家：现在采取了多种指示，试图向平等就业机会委员会施压，要求其执行法律。

They used demonstrations, they filed lawsuits.

他们举行示威，提起诉讼。

They went into the legislature to say, "Hey, they aren't enforcing your law."

他们走进立法机关说：“嘿，他们没有执行你们的法律。”

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: One of the things the EEOC did was to signal how the courts were going to think about things.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：平等就业机会委员会所做的事情之一就是表明法院将如何考虑事情。

Of particular concern for the airlines was whether they were going to have to change rules about marriage and age.

航空公司特别担心的是他们是否必须改变有关婚姻和年龄的规则。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: In Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, there is mention of a Bona Fide Occupational Qualification.

菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：《民权法案》第七章中提到了善意的职业资格。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: That was a provision in the statute.

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES）律师：这是法规中的一项规定。

And what it meant was for some jobs you don't have to hire men and women equally.

这意味着对于某些工作，你不必平等地雇用男性和女性。

For example, if you were hiring somebody as a wet nurse, you don't have to interview men for that job.

例如，如果您正在雇用某人作为奶妈，则无需面试该职位的男性。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: The airlines thought it was absolutely necessary for their business that they have only women and because they only had women, they really weren't discriminating.

多萝西·苏·科布尔（多萝西·苏·科布尔），历史学家：航空公司认为，他们的业务绝对有必要只雇用女性，而且因为他们只雇用女性，所以他们确实没有歧视。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Airlines were very confident that the public liked having stewardesses on planes.

菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：航空公司非常有信心公众喜欢飞机上有空姐。

They actually did surveys that showed that 80% of the flying public preferred stewardesses over stewards.

事实上，他们所做的调查显示，80% 的乘坐公共飞机的人更喜欢空姐而不是乘务员。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: They pushed the EEOC to have hearings so they could clarify the situation.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：他们敦促平等就业机会委员会举行听证会，以便澄清情况。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: They put on this whole elaborate defense: "Men can carry trays, but they can't be charming.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：他们进行了这一整套精心设计的辩护：“男人可以端着托盘，但他们不能有魅力。

They can't create the liveliness and the atmosphere that young women can create."

她们无法营造出年轻女性可以营造的活力和氛围。”

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: And we argue that a man cannot do this in the same capacity whatsoever that a woman can.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：我们认为，男人无法以与女人相同的能力做到这一点。

And therefore being a woman is essential for the job.

因此，身为女性对于这项工作至关重要。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: The Employment Opportunities Commission issues its opinion and it says being female is absolutely not a qualification for this job.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：就业机会委员会发表了意见，称女性绝对不是这份工作的资格。

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: Then they had to issue the second decision which was, is it a violation of Title VII for airlines to terminate or ground stewardesses at the age of 32 or 35, or when they got married?

索尼娅·普雷斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：然后他们必须做出第二个决定，即航空公司在 32 岁或 35 岁或结婚时解雇或停飞空姐是否违反第七章？

SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES, LAWYER: I drafted the decision of the commission finding that it was unlawful.

索尼娅·普莱斯曼·富恩特斯（SONIA PRESSMAN FUENTES），律师：我起草了委员会的决定，认为这是非法的。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: One option for the airlines is to just give up and to change their hiring and firing policies.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：航空公司的一种选择是放弃并改变他们的招聘和解雇政策。

But if something is so dear to you, then you're going to fight.

但如果某件事对你来说如此珍贵，那么你就会去战斗。

Scene 8: I’ll See You in Court - Celeste’s Story

场景8：法庭见——塞莱斯特的故事

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was a doctor’s assistant in Washington, DC.

塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根（CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN），空乘人员：我是华盛顿特区的一名医生助理。

I did all the bookkeeping.

我做了所有的簿记工作。

I did all the secretarial work.

所有的秘书工作都是我做的。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I met Richard Lansdale.

空乘人员塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根 (CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN)：我遇到了理查德·兰斯代尔。

He was an attorney and I fell in love.

他是一名律师，我坠入爱河。

That was-- I just fell in love with him.

那是——我刚刚爱上了他。

He said, “Why don't you get out of what you're doing now and become a stewardess?” I was working 60 hours a week and getting paid for 40 and no vacation, no sick leave.

他说：“你为什么不放弃现在的工作，去当一名空姐呢？”我每周工作 60 小时，工资为 40 小时，没有假期，没有病假。

I had no benefits at all.

我根本没有任何好处。

So it seemed like a good thing to do.

所以这似乎是一件好事。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When I was hired stewardesses could not be married.

空姐塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根：当我受雇时，空姐是不能结婚的。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT I thought it was wrong.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员 我认为这是错误的。

Why can't you be married?

为什么你不能结婚？

Pilots can be married.

飞行员可以结婚。

Why is it okay for a pilot to be married and not a stewardess?

为什么飞行员可以结婚，空姐就不行？

What-- I don't understand, what's the difference?

什么——我不明白，有什么区别？

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We had observation reports called check rides, and you were evaluated on everything.

塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根（CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN），空乘人员：我们有名为“检查乘坐”的观察报告，并对您的所有方面进行了评估。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I remember there was a supervisor who gave me a performance evaluation.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：我记得有一位主管对我进行了绩效评估。

She said one of my problems was that I just was tenacious.

她说我的问题之一是我太顽强了。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: They wanted someone who complied.

空乘人员塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根：他们想要一个能够遵守要求的人。

You did what you were told to do and you didn't challenge them.

你做了他们告诉你要做的事，你没有挑战他们。

I found it hard not to challenge them.

我发现很难不去挑战他们。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When they started giving me extra check rides, I thought, “They have to know I'm married and they're trying to get rid of me.”

塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根（CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN），空乘人员：当他们开始为我提供额外的检查行程时，我想，“他们必须知道我已经结婚了，他们正试图摆脱我。”

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I was off of work for nine months.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：我已经失业九个月了。

I really never wanted to be a housewife.

我真的从来没想过当家庭主妇。

I wanted to get back in the air.

我想回到空中。

Then one day, I said, "To hell with this." And I went to the Miami Herald.

然后有一天，我说：“让这个见鬼去吧。”我去了《迈阿密先驱报》。

And I said, "Do you want a funny story?"

我说：“你想要一个有趣的故事吗？”

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When it hit the news, there was a group of stewardesses in Miami and they all wore wedding bands to work.

空姐塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根 (CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN)：新闻报道时，迈阿密有一群空姐，她们都戴着结婚戒指去上班。

They kind of ganged up on the company.

他们有点联合起来攻击公司。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: It hit the fan in the executive offices in Chicago.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：这在芝加哥的行政办公室引起了轰动。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Fortunately, I had free legal services from my husband and I filed a lawsuit.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员：幸运的是，我从丈夫那里获得了免费法律服务，并且我提起了诉讼。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Flight attendants are contesting age and marriage rules on a variety of airlines.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：空乘人员正在对多家航空公司的年龄和婚姻规定提出异议。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: For the first couple of years, the judges who were hearing these sex discrimination cases really sided with the airlines almost unilaterally.

作家朱莉娅·库克：在最初的几年里，审理这些性别歧视案件的法官几乎单方面站在航空公司一边。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: We start to see a kind of consensus among courts and they start to rule for flight attendants.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：我们开始看到法院之间达成了某种共识，他们开始对空乘人员做出裁决。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: As it turned out, they had to give me all of my back pay and they had to pay my lawyer's fees.

塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根（CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN），空乘人员：事实证明，他们不得不给我所有欠薪，并且还必须支付我的律师费。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: Flight attendants had achieved a lot in terms of gaining certain workplace rights.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：空乘人员在获得某些工作场所权利方面取得了很大成就。

But, there was a lot more to be done.

但是，还有很多事情要做。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: In the earlier days aircrafts were smaller, so therefore it was very important to have a weight limit.

空乘人员/作家凯西·格兰特：早期，飞机较小，因此重量限制非常重要。

You had to filter in fuel, baggage, the weight of the passengers and you also had to add in the stewardess's weight.

你必须过滤掉燃油、行李、乘客的体重，还必须加上空姐的体重。

ANN HOOD, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: You would just get off a plane, a supervisor is waiting for you with a clipboard.

安·胡德（ANN HOOD），空乘人员/作家：你刚下飞机，主管就拿着写字板在等你。

There's a scale at the bottom of the stairs, and if you were even one pound over your hiring weight, you were put on probation and you had three chances to lose that weight.

楼梯底部有一个秤，如果你的体重比应聘时的体重多了一磅，你就会被试用，并且有三次减掉体重的机会。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: I took water pills.

凯西·格兰特，空乘人员/作家：我服用了水丸。

I took diet pills.

我吃了减肥药。

I starved.

我饿死了。

Those were some of the tricks that all of us did, all of us did.

这些是我们所有人都做过的一些技巧。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: We just passed the tricks around and said, "Here, take this laxative, you'll lose three pounds."

凯西·格兰特，空乘人员/作家：我们刚刚传授了这些技巧并说：“在这里，服用这种泻药，你会减掉三磅。”

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: "Oh, here.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：“哦，这里。

Take this Dexedrine Spansule.

服用这款 Dexedrine Spanule。

You won't be hungry all day."

你一整天都不会饿。”

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Just for one pound, you could be taken off of payroll.

凯西·格兰特，空乘人员/作家：只要一英镑，你就可能被取消工资。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: No one else at the airline except women were being held to this standard.

菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：除了女性之外，航空公司没有其他人遵守这一标准。

If you're thinking of it in terms of a system of bodily control, this is pretty extreme.

如果你从身体控制系统的角度来思考它，那就相当极端了。

KATHLEEN BARRY, HISTORIAN: Airline executives had approached flight attendants for so long in such a patronizing way.

历史学家凯瑟琳·巴里：长期以来，航空公司高管一直以居高临下的方式对待空乘人员。

Even though so much had changed around them, airline executives don't seem to want to evolve with the times.

尽管周围发生了很多变化，航空公司高管似乎并不想与时俱进。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: Airlines had this stodgy, old-fashioned image that was dependable, reliable, but not hip or cool.

维多利亚·万托赫（VICTORIA VANTOCH），作家：航空公司有一种古板、老式的形象，可靠、可靠，但不时尚或酷。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: Braniff hired Emilio Pucci to design stewardess uniforms.

维多利亚·万托赫 (VICTORIA VANTOCH)，作家：布兰尼夫聘请埃米利奥·普奇 (Emilio Pucci) 设计空姐制服。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: This ad was not just appealing to male business travelers.

作家 VICTORIA VANTOCH：这则广告不仅仅吸引男性商务旅行者。

It's appealing to women who want to be young and fashionable.

它对于想要年轻、时尚的女性很有吸引力。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: This was really the beginning of an entirely new version of the stewardess.

维多利亚·万托赫（VICTORIA VANTOCH），作家：这确实是一个全新版本的空姐的开始。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Airlines start to go, “how high can we go with these skirt lines?”

菲尔·蒂梅耶（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：航空公司开始思考，“这些裙线我们能飞多高？”

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: Prices were still fixed, so airlines wanted to get market share in any way that they could.

作家朱莉娅·库克：价格仍然是固定的，因此航空公司希望以任何可能的方式获得市场份额。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: There was one uniform that was a problem because if you bent over, cleavage would show.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：有一件制服是个问题，因为如果你弯腰，就会露出乳沟。

We're going around keeping our hand on our chest.

我们把手放在胸前四处走动。

VICTORIA VANTOCH, WRITER: TWA introduced foreign-accent flights.

作家 VICTORIA VANTOCH：环球航空公司推出了带有外国口音的航班。

They had four different designs for the uniforms, and they were all paper.

他们的制服有四种不同的设计，而且都是纸质的。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The paper dresses were either an Olde English Wench, a French Cocktail, an Italian Toga, or the Manhattan Penthouse.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：这些纸质连衣裙要么是老式英国姑娘、法国鸡尾酒、意大利长袍，要么是曼哈顿顶层公寓。

I was an Olde English Wench.

我是一个古老的英国女人。

Maybe they wanted us to speak like Chaucer or something, I don't know.

也许他们希望我们像乔叟那样说话，我不知道。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: You had to kind of be careful, first of all, trying to get it on, that you didn't rip, which did happen sometimes.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：首先，你必须要小心，尽量把它戴上，不要撕裂，这种情况有时确实会发生。

And you had to take off your other clothes in the tiny bathroom and then parade around in them.

你必须在狭小的浴室里脱掉其他衣服，然后穿着它们到处走动。

It was ridiculous.

这太荒谬了。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: “Fly Me.” Fly me how?

凯西·格兰特，空乘人员/作家：“带我飞吧。”飞我怎么办？

What are you going to do, get on top of me?

你要做什么，压在我身上？

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: It was pretty close to “Fuck me.” I hated that.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：这非常接近“操我”。我讨厌那样。

It was really an insult.

这实在是一种侮辱。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: It wasn't just that the ads were demeaning in some abstract way.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：这不仅仅是广告以某种抽象的方式贬低了人。

It concretely affected the women's day-to-day lives.

它具体影响了妇女的日常生活。

It made their job much harder.

这让他们的工作变得更加困难。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: We knew when people passed by us and felt our butts, or they accidentally pretended they were reaching for something to feel our breasts, or trapped us, you know, tried to squeeze past something so they could feel your body.

凯西·格兰特（CASEY GRANT），空乘人员/作家：我们知道当人们经过我们身边并摸到我们的屁股，或者他们不小心假装伸手去拿东西来摸我们的乳房，或者困住我们，你知道，试图挤过某个东西以便他们能摸到你的身体。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The pilots had a little habit, in particular, one of them I remember, when I was going to my room at the layover, and he ran his hand down my back and he said, "Oh, I see you're a modern woman.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：飞行员有一个小习惯，特别是我记得的一个习惯，当我中途停留去我的房间时，他把手放在我的背上，他说：“哦，我发现你是一个现代女性。

You don't wear a bra."

你没穿胸罩。”

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: Some women were busy enjoying their new freedoms.

作家朱莉娅·库克：一些女性正忙于享受她们的新自由。

Freedoms which they felt very happy about, to exist as sexual beings in a world that was now willing to acknowledge them as such.

他们感到非常高兴的自由，作为性存在存在于一个现在愿意承认他们的世界中。

But those campaigns in particular really did cause a much wider swath of the women who were working as stewardesses to stand up and say, "Hang on.

但这些活动确实让更多的空姐女性站起来说：“坚持住。

That's one step too far."

这一步迈得太远了。”

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Just as stewardesses are becoming more sexualized, the world is becoming more complicated.

菲尔·蒂迈耶（PHIL TIEMEYER），历史学家：正如空姐变得越来越性感一样，世界也变得越来越复杂。

This is the darkest hour in America's Cold War fight.

这是美国冷战斗争中最黑暗的时刻。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: By 1968, there are 500,000 troops on the ground in Vietnam at any given moment.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：到 1968 年，任何时候都有 500,000 名士兵驻扎在越南。

To maintain those numbers, the US military can't do it alone.

为了维持这些数字，美国军方无法独自做到这一点。

So they contract with private airlines.

因此他们与私人航空公司签订合同。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN The arrangement is that they're leasing the jet, fully staffed.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔（PHIL TIEMEYER）的安排是，他们将租赁这架飞机，并配备齐全的人员。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Flying in, it was very somber.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空乘人员： 飞来时，气氛非常阴沉。

The soldiers knew where they were going.

士兵们知道他们要去哪里。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We usually landed in the middle of the night and got in and out of Vietnam as quickly as possible, men off, men on.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼（Mary Pat Laffey Inman），空乘人员：我们通常在半夜降落，然后尽快进出越南，有人下车，有人上车。

They were shooting rockets, and that would've been a good score if they could pull down a 747.

他们正在发射火箭，如果他们能击落一架 747，那将是一个很好的成绩。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When we landed, if you heard gunshots you had to evacuate the aircraft quickly.

空乘人员塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根：当我们着陆时，如果您听到枪声，您必须迅速撤离飞机。

You ran to the bunkers.

你跑到了掩体里。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Every time we left, going home, there's an absolute huge roar.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空姐：每次我们离开、回家时，都会有巨大的轰鸣声。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Some of the soldiers got hooked on drugs.

空乘人员塞莱斯特·兰斯代尔·布罗迪根：有些士兵吸毒成瘾。

I remember one flight, someone had not been weaned off of whatever they were on and he was just shaking all the way back.

我记得有一次飞行，有人还没有断奶，他一路上都在发抖。

I just put my arms around him and held him, until we got to where we were going and they got medical transport for him.

我只是用双臂搂住他，抱着他，直到我们到达目的地，他们为他安排了医疗运输。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The flight attendant profession has always struggled with the differences between the intensity and seriousness of the work that must be done, especially as safety professionals, and then you've got this public role of being desirable, of being serene, of being charming.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：空乘人员这个职业一直在努力应对必须完成的工作的强度和严肃性之间的差异，尤其是作为安全专业人员，然后你就扮演了令人向往、平静、迷人的公众角色。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: The late sixties, early seventies is this very precarious and completely confused moment.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：六十年代末、七十年代初是一个非常不稳定和完全混乱的时刻。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: In the late 60s, there were a lot of bomb threats and once you get a bomb threat for an airplane, you evacuate it, and you don't get back on until they've cleared it.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰（PATRICIA IRELAND），空乘人员/作家：在 60 年代末，存在很多炸弹威胁，一旦飞机受到炸弹威胁，你就会疏散飞机，直到他们清除后才能返回。

So we had a bomb threat, and we’d evacuated the airplane.

所以我们收到了炸弹威胁，所以我们疏散了飞机。

The pilot comes out of the cockpit and says to me, "While we're here, would you mind cooking me a steak and make it medium rare?"

飞行员从驾驶舱出来对我说：“我们在这儿的时候，你介意给我做一份牛排，做成半熟的吗？”

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Without even thinking, I went to the galley, I turned on the oven, and then all of a sudden it struck me.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：我想都没想就走到了厨房，打开了烤箱，然后突然间，我想到了这一点。

There I was in the galley of an aircraft that might explode at any minute, cooking this guy a steak.

我在一架随时可能爆炸的飞机的厨房里，给这个家伙做一块牛排。

I had one of those clicks where, "Wait a minute, why would I be doing this?”

我有一次点击，“等一下，我为什么要这样做？”

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: I walked off the airplane and I said, "You can cook your steak yourself.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：我走下飞机时说：“你可以自己做牛排。

I'm not staying there."

我不会呆在那里。”

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The men don't have to wear hats with their uniform, why do we?

帕特里夏·爱尔兰（PATRICIA IRELAND），空乘人员/撰稿人：男士穿制服时不必戴帽子，为什么我们要戴帽子呢？

The men don't have to wear girdles, why do we?

男人不一定要戴腰带，为什么要戴？

The men got single rooms, the women did not.

男士有单人间，女士则没有。

PATRICIA IRELAND, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: Once you open your eyes, you can never wholly close them again.

帕特里夏·爱尔兰，空乘人员/作家：一旦你睁开眼睛，你就再也无法完全闭上它们。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When I was 30 years old, I was the Master Executive Chairman with the union, which entitled me to sign a non-discriminatory contract with Northwest Airlines.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：当我 30 岁时，我担任工会的总执行主席，这使我有权与西北航空公司签署非歧视性合同。

It included a provision for stewardesses to become pursers.

其中包括一项让空姐成为乘务长的规定。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The purser handled all of the paperwork on international flights.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：乘务长负责处理国际航班上的所有文书工作。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: They did not have weight check.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：他们没有进行体重检查。

They were able to wear eyeglasses.

他们能够戴眼镜了。

And they always had single rooms.

他们总是有单人间。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: There was no reason why a female could not be a purser.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：女性没有理由不能担任乘务长。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: If you were a woman that wanted to make a career out of flying, your natural inclination would be to move to the purser position because of the better pay.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：如果您是一位想以飞行为职业的女性，您自然会倾向于担任乘务长，因为薪资更高。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: But certain airlines, like Northwest, refused to hire women for the purser position.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：但是某些航空公司，例如西北航空公司，拒绝雇用女性担任事务长职位。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: In 1967, Northwest hired 5 men off the street to be pursers.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：1967 年，西北航空从街上雇佣了 5 名男子担任乘务员。

I called the Director of Labor Relations and I said, "The contract requires you to post these purser job positions to everyone," which he did.

我打电话给劳工关系总监，我说，“合同要求你把这些事务长的职位发布给每个人，”他照做了。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The men made the stewardesses feel that they were not entitled to the job, and they could not handle the job of purser.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：这些男人让空姐觉得他们没有资格担任这份工作，而且他们无法胜任乘务长的工作。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I realized as Master Executive Chairman that someone had to do it.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：作为执行主席，我意识到必须有人来做这件事。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: So I applied for the job.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：所以我申请了这份工作。

I became the first and only female purser with Northwest Airlines.

我成为西北航空公司第一位也是唯一一位女性乘务长。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When I became a purser, I actually took a pay cut.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：当我成为乘务长时，我实际上接受了减薪。

The male pursers were getting $250 more per month.

男性事务员每月多拿 250 美元。

It was not fair at all.

这根本不公平。

Why should I be treated differently than the men?

为什么我要受到与男人不同的待遇？

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: My whole thought was, I am right and they are wrong.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：我的整个想法是，我是对的，他们是错的。

And as long as I am right, I will pursue this.

只要我是对的，我就会追求这一点。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Michael Gottesman was an expert in labor law.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：迈克尔·戈特斯曼是劳动法专家。

I made an appointment to see him.

我约好了要见他。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: Our expertise was labor law and employment law.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：我们的专业知识是劳动法和雇佣法。

We were the logical people to call.

我们是合乎逻辑的人。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I laid out the whole picture of the discrimination and how we had no recourse.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼（Mary Pat Laffey Inman），空乘人员：我阐述了歧视的全貌以及我们如何没有追索权。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: In the course of describing her efforts to get the purser job, she just said offhandedly, "You know, it's particularly ridiculous because it's really the same job.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：在描述她为获得事务长职位而付出的努力时，她只是随口说道：“你知道，这特别荒谬，因为这实际上是同一个工作。

If a man holds it, they call it a purser.

如果一个男人拿着它，他们就称它为事务长。

If a woman holds it, they call it a stewardess.”

如果是女人拿着它，他们就称其为空姐。”

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: It would have been a good case, even if it was just the way they had treated Mary Pat, but it was a much bigger case.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：这本来是一个很好的案子，即使这只是他们对待玛丽·帕特的方式，但这是一个更大的案子。

If they were paying 100 men a higher amount for doing the same work, then every female flight attendant would be entitled to the higher pay.

如果他们向 100 名从事同样工作的男性支付更高的工资，那么每位女性空乘人员都将有权获得更高的工资。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We filed a class action lawsuit on July 15th, 1970.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：我们于 1970 年 7 月 15 日提起集体诉讼。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We originally had 40 people to file the suit.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼（MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN），空乘人员：我们最初有 40 人提出诉讼。

That guaranteed us a class action.

这保证了我们的集体诉讼。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: You have to convince the judge that this would be an appropriate class action, that all of the people have the same grievance.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：你必须让法官相信这是一次适当的集体诉讼，所有人都有同样的不满。

And Mary Pat led the effort.

玛丽·帕特领导了这项工作。

She was fantastic at organizing.

她非常擅长组织。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We had to educate people that we were on the right side of the law and we're only trying to force the company to obey the law.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼（Mary Pat Laffiy Inman），空乘人员：我们必须教育人们，我们是站在法律的正确一边，我们只是试图迫使公司遵守法律。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Meet the Losers relishes the fact that they're turning away perfectly attractive, perfectly articulate people.

菲尔·蒂梅耶，历史学家：《认识失败者》很高兴看到他们正在拒绝那些非常有魅力、非常善于表达的人。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: And they’re all white.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：他们都是白人。

And that is not an accident.

这并非偶然。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Eastern Airlines is stressing -- we’re still an exclusive form of transportation, and the promise of exclusivity is also a promise of racial exclusivity.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈耶：东方航空公司强调——我们仍然是一种排他性的运输方式，排他性的承诺也是种族排他性的承诺。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: The first Black flight attendant for Delta was hired in '66 and then I was hired in 1971.

凯西·格兰特（CASEY GRANT），空乘人员/作家：达美航空第一位黑人空乘人员于 66 年受聘，然后我于 1971 年受聘。

So we're saying nearly a decade after Pat won her case.

所以我们说的是帕特赢得官司近十年后。

Pat opened the doors but the doors weren't kicked open, they were cracked.

帕特打开门，但门不是被踢开的，而是有裂缝的。

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: By the start of the seventies, there's only about 1000 Black women working across all of the airlines but that's only 3% of the total number of flight attendants in the country at that point.

历史学家米娅·贝：到 70 年代初，所有航空公司中只有大约 1000 名黑人女性，但这仅占当时该国空乘人员总数的 3%。

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: Affirmative action was designed to make sure that candidates of color if they're qualified, they get hired.

历史学家米娅·贝：平权行动的目的是确保有色人种候选人如果符合资格，就能被录用。

MIA BAY, HISTORIAN: It replaces nepotism, where employers hire people that they're most comfortable with, which is usually people like themselves.

历史学家米娅·贝：它取代了裙带关系，雇主雇佣他们最舒服的人，通常是像他们自己一样的人。

KEISHA BLAIN, HISTORIAN: Airlines are forced to hire Black people.

历史学家凯莎·布莱恩：航空公司被迫雇用黑人。

It doesn't mean they want to.

这并不意味着他们愿意。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Once I completed the training and I started the job, I realized that the company, National Airlines, did not want me.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：当我完成培训并开始工作后，我意识到国家航空公司不需要我。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When I would see certain captains, I knew scheduling was going to pull me off the flight because they’d refuse to fly with me.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：当我见到某些机长时，我知道日程安排会让我下机，因为他们拒绝与我一起飞行。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: When we traveled you had to share a room.

UNDRA MAYS，空姐：当我们旅行时，你们必须共用一个房间。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We would pull up to the hotel.

UNDRA MAYS，空姐：我们会在酒店停下来。

The other three flight attendants, they've already discussed it among themselves.

其他三个空姐，他们已经商量好了。

One would run out into the hotel, and sign up for the rooms.

人们会跑进酒店，登记入住房间。

By the time I'm getting into the hotel, they already have the key and they're gone.

当我进入酒店时，他们已经拿到了钥匙，然后就走了。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: They would open the door, but then tell me that I have to go downstairs and get my own room.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：他们会打开门，但然后告诉我，我必须下楼去自己的房间。

I remember the front desk not being able to convince them to open the door, not having any rooms available.

我记得前台无法说服他们开门，因为没有任何房间可用。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: And on many occasions, I would kind of settle in a corner.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：很多时候，我会坐在角落里。

I'm still in uniform.

我还穿着制服。

And I would sleep in the lobby.

我会睡在大厅里。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: There was absolutely no one that I could discuss a problem with.

空乘人员 UNDRA MAYS：绝对没有人可以与我讨论问题。

The union did not want me as well.

工会也不想要我了。

If I had a problem with my own supervisor, who was I going to go to?

如果我和自己的主管有问题，我该去找谁？

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I ended up calling the Southern Poverty Law Center and I told them, I explained to them, and they - of course they asked me for proof or paperwork or whatever, and I said, “They won’t give it to me.” And they said, “Well, we’ll make a few phone calls.”

安德拉·梅斯（UNDRA MAYS），空乘人员：我最终给南方贫困法律中心打电话，我告诉他们，我向他们解释，他们当然要求我提供证据或文件或其他什么，我说，“他们不会给我。”他们说：“好吧，我们会打几个电话。”

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I have no idea what was said.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员： 我不知道他们说了什么。

I have no idea if they in fact made those calls.

我不知道他们是否真的打过这些电话。

But, all of sudden things started to change.

但是，突然间事情开始发生变化。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: My supervisor called me in and said “The director is asking to submit names for the “Fly Me” ad.”

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：我的主管打电话给我，说“导演要求提交“Fly Me”广告的名字。”

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: And I thought about it.

空乘人员 UNDRA MAYS：我也考虑过这个问题。

Okay, you don’t want me here?

好吧，你不想让我在这里吗？

Watch this.

注意这个。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: You don't like me in the workforce?

UNDRA MAYS，空姐：你不喜欢我在职场上？

Then how are you going to like me with my picture pasted all over?

那你怎么会喜欢我把照片都贴了呢？

The sexual nature of the campaign ad “Fly Me” really didn't bother me.

竞选广告“Fly Me”的性本质并没有让我感到困扰。

I did the ad because I wanted to show them.

我做广告是因为我想向他们展示。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: When you looked at all the different advertisements, you never saw a Black face.

凯西·格兰特，空乘人员/作家：当您查看所有不同的广告时，您从未见过黑人面孔。

You never were chosen to do any advertisement.

你从未被选中做任何广告。

So, the sexism was secondary.

所以，性别歧视是次要的。

I'm not sitting here in a sexy position to advertise sex.

我不是以性感的姿势坐在这里来宣传性。

You were representing the Black stewardess and all that we could accomplish and that we were capable of doing.

你代表了黑人空姐以及我们能够完成和有能力做到的一切。

CASEY GRANT, FLIGHT ATTENDANT/WRITER: We understand the burden of the doors that we possibly could be opening up for anyone else to follow us.

凯西·格兰特（CASEY GRANT），空乘人员/作家：我们理解我们可能为其他人跟随我们打开大门的负担。

UNDRA MAYS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: A couple of times a year we used to go to recurrent training And this person stopped and said, "There is a huge billboard with your ad, the “Fly Me” ad, and when I saw you, I thought, "I didn't know they had Black stewardesses," and she went and applied.

UNDRA MAYS，空乘人员：我们每年都会去参加几次复训，这个人停下来说，“有一个巨大的广告牌，上面有你的广告，‘Fly Me’广告，当我看到你时，我想，“我不知道他们有黑人空姐，”然后她就去申请了。

STEWARDESSES FOR WOMEN’S RIGHTS MEMBER: Will you come?

空姐妇女权益组织成员： 你会来吗？

STEWARDESSES FOR WOMEN’S RIGHTS MEMBER: Leaflets for our first national convention.

女空姐争取妇女权利会员：我们第一次全国代表大会的传单。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: In 1972, a group of women founded Stewardesses for Women's Rights and they were really trying to find a place in the broader women's movement for stewardesses who were invested in political change as well as workplace change.

作家朱莉娅·库克：1972 年，一群女性创立了空姐妇女权利组织，她们确实试图在更广泛的妇女运动中为那些致力于政治变革和工作场所变革的空姐找到一席之地。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: They wanted to professionalize the occupation, raise the status and respect of the job.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：他们希望使这一职业专业化，提高这项工作的地位和尊重。

They also wanted to make the airplane safer, not just for the women who worked there and for the employees, but also for the passengers.

他们还希望让飞机变得更安全，不仅为了在那里工作的女性和员工，还为了乘客。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: They took up economic issues like promoting women into positions that they had been excluded from, but they also focused on issues that had not been seen as labor issues, issues having to do with appearance and grooming and control over women's bodies.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：他们讨论了经济问题，例如将女性提拔到她们被排除在外的职位，但他们也关注那些不被视为劳工问题的问题，以及与外表、仪容仪表和对女性身体的控制有关的问题。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: I joined because I had a lot of frustrations and I felt that the union was not the answer to a lot of this stuff.

凯瑟琳·希南 (KATHLEEN HEENAN)，空乘人员：我加入是因为我遇到了很多挫折，而且我觉得工会并不是解决很多问题的答案。

The union reps, they were just a bunch of 50, 60 year old guys that were oblivious to the advertising, and to the sex discrimination.

工会代表只是一群 50、60 岁的家伙，他们对广告和性别歧视视而不见。

I just don't think they were capable of understanding it or something, you know?

我只是认为他们没有能力理解它或其他什么，你知道吗？

It was like we're dealing with people who were in a different generation.

这就好像我们正在和不同世代的人打交道。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: I don't think that a lot of feminists thought that these stewardesses who, on the surface, looked so complacent could be so effective.

朱莉娅·库克（JULIA COOKE），作家：我不认为很多女权主义者认为这些表面上看起来如此自满的空姐可以如此有效。

JULIA COOKE, WRITER: Gloria Steinem championed stewardesses’ rights from the beginning.

作家朱莉娅·库克：格洛丽亚·斯泰纳姆从一开始就捍卫空姐的权利。

KATHLEEN HEENAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Gloria was so supportive.

凯瑟琳·希南（KATHLEEN HEENAN），空乘人员：格洛丽亚非常支持我。

She used to come to the offices.

她过去常常来办公室。

She felt that flight attendants would make a good case for changes that women were going through.

她认为空乘人员可以很好地说明女性正在经历的变化。

We could represent a new era.

我们可以代表一个新时代。

She just had a lot of positive energy like, "We can do this.

她充满了正能量，比如：“我们能做到。

We can just, you know, fight them.”

你知道，我们只能与他们战斗。”

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: Stewardesses for Women’s Rights were savvy in terms of fighting fire with fire.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：妇女权利空姐在以毒攻毒方面非常精明。

They distributed bumper stickers and buttons, and the buttons said, "Go fly yourself." The bumper stickers said, "National, your fly is open."

他们分发了保险杠贴纸和按钮，按钮上写着：“你自己去飞吧。”保险杠贴纸上写着：“国家队，你的门襟已打开。”

ACTRESS PLAYING STEWARDESS FROM SWFR COMMERCIAL: May I have your attention please.

SWFR COMMERCIAL 中扮演空姐的女演员：请注意。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: …

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：……

was what they called a “counter-commercial.”

这就是他们所说的“反商业”。

ACTRESS PLAYING STEWARDESS FROM SWFR COMMERCIAL: I don’t think of myself as a sex object or a servant, but as someone who is capable of opening the door of a 747 in the dark, upside down, and in the water.

SWFR 广告片中扮演空姐的女演员：我不认为自己是一个性对象或仆人，而是一个能够在黑暗中、颠倒的、在水中打开 747 飞机门的人。

Fantasies are fine in their place, but let’s be honest, the sexpot stewardess image is unsafe at any altitude.

幻想在他们的地方很好，但说实话，性感空姐的形象在任何高度都是不安全的。

Think about it.

想一想。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We went to trial on December the 4th, 1972.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：我们于 1972 年 12 月 4 日接受审判。

70% of Northwest Airlines stewardesses were part of the lawsuit.

70%的西北航空空姐参与了诉讼。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: It was a six-week trial.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼（MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN），空乘人员：这是一次为期六周的试验。

Executives of Northwest Airlines had to testify.

西北航空公司的高管必须出庭作证。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: We were the plaintiffs, so we had to put our case on first.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：我们是原告，所以我们必须首先提出我们的案子。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Northwest tried to make a point that for safety reasons they thought that women would want to share rooms, whereas men felt quite safe staying in their own room.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·因曼（Mary Pat Laffey Inman），空乘人员：西北航空公司试图表明，出于安全原因，他们认为女性会想要共用房间，而男性则觉得呆在自己的房间里很安全。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: Why do you put women in double rooms and allow men to have single rooms?

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN）律师：为什么你们让女性住双人间，而允许男性住单人间？

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The company's witness said in restaurants, you see women going to the bathroom together.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：该公司的证人说，在餐馆里，你会看到女性一起去洗手间。

They don’t go to the ladies' room alone.

他们不会单独去女厕所。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: That was their explanation.

律师迈克尔·戈特斯曼：这就是他们的解释。

That this is what women want.

这就是女人想要的。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The whole staff in the court were like, "Oh, what kind of logic is that?"

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：法庭上的所有工作人员都在说，“哦，这是什么逻辑？”

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: And I remember the judge's reaction.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：我记得法官的反应。

He just leaned back in his seat and roared.

他只是向后靠在座位上，咆哮起来。

He was looking up and he was laughing.

他抬起头，笑着。

HARRY REASONER, ANCHOR: A federal judge today ordered Northwest Airlines to do the following things: Pay back salary and interest to all stewardesses who were fired since 1965 for being overweight, give stewardesses paid less than stewards since 1968 the difference in salary, and reimburse stewardesses for the difference in room rent since 1968 when they doubled up while stewards had single rooms.

主持人哈里·里森纳：联邦法官今天命令西北航空公司采取以下措施：偿还自 1965 年以来因超重而被解雇的所有空姐的工资和利息，向自 1968 年以来工资低于空姐的空姐支付工资差额，并向空姐偿还自 1968 年以来空姐的房间租金差额，当时空姐的房租加倍，而空姐只住单人间。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The Judge made the decision in our favor on all issues.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：法官在所有问题上做出了对我们有利的决定。

But then Northwest airlines was able to appeal the case.

但随后西北航空公司能够对此案提出上诉。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: Their strategy was to take every opportunity that was legally available to them to defer the final moment when they were going to have to pay this money out.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：他们的策略是利用一切合法的机会推迟他们必须支付这笔钱的最后时刻。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: My sister was folding her laundry and she called me and said, "Patty, you won." I said, "What?"

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空姐：我姐姐正在叠衣服，她打电话给我说：“帕蒂，你赢了。”我说：“什么？”

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: There is justice.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：正义是存在的。

That was my thinking, there is justice.

这就是我的想法，正义是存在的。

MICHAEL GOTTESMAN, LAWYER: It was a big win.

迈克尔·戈特斯曼（MICHAEL GOTTESMAN），律师：这是一次巨大的胜利。

$60 million is a big chunk of money.

6000万美元是一大笔钱。

And for a flight attendant to be receiving in one fell swoop, $50,000 in back pay.

一名空乘人员一下子就收到了 5 万美元的欠薪。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Women could wear eyeglasses.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：女性可以戴眼镜。

They would no longer be suspended for weight.

他们将不再因体重而被停职。

And we could have single rooms.

我们可以有单人间。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: One flight attendant sent a note and said that every time she walks around in her single room, naked, she thinks of me.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：一位空乘人员发来一张纸条，说每次她赤身裸体在单间里走来走去时，她都会想起我。

[laughs]

[笑]

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: Mary Pat Laffey's victory is definitive in saying that under no circumstances shall a woman doing this job be presented with different and unequal standards as a man doing this job.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：玛丽·帕特·拉菲的胜利明确表明，在任何情况下，从事这项工作的女性都不应受到与从事这项工作的男性不同和不平等的标准的影响。

PHIL TIEMEYER, HISTORIAN: This is what women's workplace civil rights are designed to do.

历史学家菲尔·蒂迈尔：这就是女性工作场所公民权利的目的。

DOROTHY SUE COBBLE, HISTORIAN: The Mary Pat Laffey case encouraged flight attendants to push the boundaries and to move into those jobs that had been off limits.

历史学家多萝西·苏·科布尔：玛丽·帕特·拉菲事件鼓励空乘人员突破界限，从事那些曾经被禁止的工作。

MARY PAT LAFFEY INMAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: The women were finally allowed to have the same benefits that the men had.

玛丽·帕特·拉菲·英曼，空乘人员：女性终于可以享受与男性相同的福利了。

If you were capable, you could have a man's job.

如果你有能力，你可以做一个男人的工作。

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: Now a flight attendant, can be male, can be older, can be married, can be any race, ethnic origin.

CELESTE LANSDALE BRODIGAN，空姐：现在是一名空姐，可以是男性，可以是年龄较大的，可以是已婚的，可以是任何种族、民族。

We're different now, we kind of match the passengers.

我们现在不同了，我们有点匹配乘客。

DUSTY ROADS, FLIGHT ATTENDANT: We weren't fighting for ourselves.

尘土飞扬的道路，空姐：我们不是在为自己而战。

That's what made it so wonderful.

这就是它如此美妙的原因。

I wasn't fighting for me.

我不是为我而战。

I was fighting for the girl next to me.

我正在为我旁边的女孩而战。

The lively but neglected history of the women who changed the world while flying it.

讲述那些在飞行过程中改变世界的女性的生动却被忽视的历史。

Assistant professor of business administration Allison Elias and author and former flight attendant Ann Hood speak with historian Monica Muñoz Martinez about the relationship between women's appearance and opportunities for advancement in the workplace.

工商管理助理教授艾莉森·埃利亚斯、作家、前空乘人员安·胡德与历史学家莫妮卡·穆尼奥斯·马丁内斯讨论了女性外表与职场晋升机会之间的关系。

Play fact-or-fiction with this gallery of vintage airline advertisements.

在这个老式航空公司广告画廊中体验事实或小说的魅力。

The integrator.

积分器。

The networker.

网络达人。

The advocate.

倡导者。

The organizer.

组织者。

When flight attendants and the most famous feminist of her time joined forces.

当空姐和她那个时代最著名的女权主义者联手时。

The first class of Japanese American flight attendants for Pan American wasn't hired until 1955.

泛美航空公司直到 1955 年才聘用了头等舱的日裔美国空乘人员。