The Feud
Chuck Keeney, Historian : I first learned about the Hatfield-McCoy feud from Bugs Bunny.
查克·基尼（Chuck Keeney），历史学家：我第一次从兔八哥那里了解到哈特菲尔德和麦考伊之间的不和。
When I was a little kid I saw a Bugs Bunny cartoon in which there were these two feuding mountaineer families.
当我还是个小孩子的时候，我看过一部兔八哥动画片，里面有两个不和的登山家庭。
The Hatfield and McCoy Feud really created the stereotype of the hillbilly in the American popular consciousness.
哈特菲尔德和麦考伊之间的不和确实在美国大众意识中造成了乡巴佬的刻板印象。
And it was this image of a simple-minded, violent and backward people.
这就是一个头脑简单、暴力、落后的民族形象。
Dean King, Writer: There’s a stereotype that these were toothless, moonshinin’ hillbillies taking pot shots at one another, but it couldn’t be further from the truth.
编剧迪恩·金：人们普遍认为这些人都是没牙、靠私酒互相攻击的乡巴佬，但这与事实相差甚远。
The Hatfield-McCoy feud is perhaps the most famous family conflict in American history.
哈特菲尔德和麦考伊的不和也许是美国历史上最著名的家庭冲突。
It has become a mythical tale of jealousy, rage and revenge.
它已成为一个关于嫉妒、愤怒和复仇的神话故事。
Yet the events that took place near the end of the 19th century in central Appalachia are part of a much richer and more complex story—a story of a people’s way of life slipping away, and their struggle to adapt to forces far beyond their control.
然而，19 世纪末在阿巴拉契亚中部发生的事件是一个更丰富、更复杂的故事的一部分——一个人们的生活方式正在消失的故事，以及他们为适应远远超出他们控制的力量而进行的斗争的故事。
Altina Waller, Historian: the Hatfield and McCoy Feud is much more than an Appalachian story.
历史学家阿尔蒂娜·沃勒：哈特菲尔德和麦考伊之间的不和不仅仅是一个阿巴拉契亚故事。
It’s an American story.
这是一个美国故事。
Anthony Harkins, Historian: One way to embrace all the radical changes that urbanism and industrialism were bringing was to define the rural as not just different, but in some ways dangerous and problematic.
历史学家安东尼·哈金斯：拥抱城市化和工业化带来的所有根本性变化的一种方法是将农村定义为不仅不同，而且在某些方面是危险和有问题的。
Robert Hutton, Historian: We need to understand that sometimes the people telling the story about violence have as much of an agenda as the people who are acting out the violence in the first place.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：我们需要明白，有时讲述暴力故事的人与最初实施暴力的人一样有自己的议程。
Chuck Keeney, Historian: What you really see is a story of the dark underbelly of industrialization and how industrialization impacted rural communities in America.
历史学家查克·基尼：你真正看到的是工业化的黑暗弱点以及工业化如何影响美国农村社区的故事。
The Tug Fork valley, deep in the mountains of Central Appalachia, was the edge of the American frontier in the early 1800s.
图格福克 (Tug Fork) 山谷位于阿巴拉契亚中部山脉深处，是 1800 年代初美国边境的边缘。
The Hatfields and the McCoys were among the earliest white settlers in the valley, a rugged and remote region filled with thick forests, rocky streams and steep ridges.
哈特菲尔德家族和麦考伊家族是该山谷最早的白人定居者之一，这是一个崎岖而偏远的地区，充满了茂密的森林、岩石溪流和陡峭的山脊。
Steven Stoll, Historian: The Hatfields and the McCoys were absolutely identical to thousands of other families and extended families that lived in the mountains at the same time.
史蒂文·斯托尔（Steven Stoll），历史学家：哈特菲尔德家族和麦考伊家族与同时居住在山区的数千个其他家庭和大家庭完全相同。
People who had the run of a great deal of woods, and took from that all sorts of things which they lived upon and which they sold.
人们拥有大量的树林，并从中获取各种他们赖以生存和出售的东西。
Dean King, Writer: they would hunt for deer and bear.
作家迪恩·金（Dean King）：他们会猎杀鹿和熊。
They kept hogs and they would let their hogs go out in the woods to forage before they would take them in in the fall and slaughter them and that’s what would keep them living through the winter.
他们养猪，他们会让猪到树林里去觅食，然后在秋天把它们收起来并宰杀，这样它们就能过冬。
They wanted that opportunity to succeed in life, and that’s what they found in the mountains.
他们希望有机会在生活中取得成功，而这就是他们在山里找到的。
The Tug Fork formed the border between the states of Kentucky and Virginia.
拖叉形成了肯塔基州和弗吉尼亚州之间的边界。
The Hatfields, McCoys and other families settled in the Tug valley on both sides of the shallow waterway, a tributary of the Big Sandy River that fed into the Ohio.
哈特菲尔德家族、麦考伊家族和其他家族定居在图格河谷浅水道两侧，浅水道是流入俄亥俄河的大桑迪河的支流。
Anderson Hatfield was born in 1839 on the Virginia side of the Tug.
安德森·哈特菲尔德 (Anderson Hatfield) 1839 年出生于图格河弗吉尼亚州一侧。
One of eleven children, Hatfield was known as a fierce hunter—he reportedly killed a mountain lion as a boy, and was said to have been given the name “Devil Anse” at an early age.
哈特菲尔德是十一个孩子之一，他以凶猛的猎人而闻名——据报道，他小时候曾杀死过一只山狮，据说他很小的时候就被赋予了“魔鬼安斯”这个名字。
Randolph McCoy, also called Randall, grew up in a family of thirteen children living a hardscrabble life on a farm neighboring the Hatfields.
兰道夫·麦考伊（Randolph McCoy），也叫兰德尔（Randall），在一个有 13 个孩子的家庭中长大，在哈特菲尔德附近的一个农场里过着贫困的生活。
More than a decade older than Anderson Hatfield, McCoy later moved with his wife and family across the Tug to Kentucky.
麦考伊比安德森·哈特菲尔德年长十多岁，后来与妻子和家人穿过拖船搬到了肯塔基州。
Kimberly McCoy, Descendant: The Tug Valley region was a tight knit community.
金伯利·麦考伊（Kimberly McCoy），后裔：图格谷地区是一个联系紧密的社区。
Family was always important.
家庭总是很重要。
You take care of your family first, but you also take care of your neighbors.
你首先要照顾你的家人，但你也要照顾你的邻居。
Dean King, Writer: The citizens of that valley, they were intermarried, the Hatfields and McCoys were intermarried, they worked together, they did business together.
迪恩·金（Dean King），作家：那个山谷的公民，他们通婚，哈特菲尔德家族和麦考伊家族通婚，他们一起工作，一起做生意。
There was a lot of harmony and strength in this valley.
这个山谷里充满了和谐和力量。
In April 1861, the outbreak of the Civil War ripped apart the bonds of harmony in the Tug Valley, between and even within families.
1861 年 4 月，内战的爆发打破了塔格谷家庭之间甚至家庭内部的和谐纽带。
On the Virginia side of the Tug, Anderson Hatfield and many of his neighbors enlisted in the Confederate Army when the state decided to secede.
在拖船的弗吉尼亚州一侧，当该州决定脱离联邦时，安德森·哈特菲尔德和他的许多邻居都加入了南方联盟军队。
Across the river, Kentucky eventually sided with the Union.
河对岸的肯塔基州最终站在联邦一边。
In the McCoy family, Randolph signed up with the Confederacy while two of his brothers joined the Union.
在麦考伊家族中，兰道夫加入了联邦，而他的两个兄弟则加入了联邦。
Robert Hutton, Historian : Families and individuals made decisions for themselves and ended up making oppositional decisions very close to each other.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿（Robert Hutton）：家庭和个人为自己做出决定，但最终却做出了彼此非常接近的对立决定。
So you would have a pro-Union family, a pro-Confederate family living cheek-and-jowl.
所以你会有一个支持联邦的家庭，一个支持南部邦联的家庭，他们的生活紧密相连。
Divisions in the Tug Valley became even more complicated when voters in western Virginia elected in 1863 to leave the Confederacy and join the Union as the new state of West Virginia.
1863 年，西弗吉尼亚州的选民选择脱离联邦并加入联邦，成立新的西弗吉尼亚州，塔格河谷的分歧变得更加复杂。
Chuck Keeney, Historian: The Tug Valley was on the borderlands, and areas in the Civil War that were on the borderlands had a very different experience.
历史学家查克·基尼（Chuck Keeney）：塔格河谷位于边境地区，而内战时期边境地区的经历则截然不同。
It became a battleground.
这里变成了战场。
Guerilla fighters from both sides went back and forth, looting, killing livestock, burning down homes, in large part, terrorizing the local population.
双方的游击战士来来回回，抢劫、杀害牲畜、烧毁房屋，很大程度上恐吓当地民众。
To protect his family from raids occurring on the border, Hatfield deserted the regular army and joined a local Confederate militia unit.
为了保护家人免受边境袭击，哈特菲尔德抛弃了正规军，加入了当地的南部邦联民兵部队。
He soon earned a reputation for fearlessness.
他很快就赢得了无所畏惧的声誉。
Near the end of the war, Randolph McCoy’s brother, who had sided with the Union, was found brutally murdered.
战争临近结束时，兰道夫·麦考伊的兄弟站在联邦一边，被发现惨遭杀害。
Some McCoys blamed Anderson Hatfield’s guerilla unit.
一些麦考伊家族指责安德森·哈特菲尔德的游击队。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Sometimes these acts of war were based on prior animosity.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：有时这些战争行为是基于先前的敌意。
Sometimes these acts of war created the animosity.
有时，这些战争行为会造成敌意。
One way or the other, though, a civil war is going to be very disruptive for a place like the Tug River Valley.
然而，无论怎样，内战对于像塔格河谷这样的地方来说将会是非常具有破坏性的。
After the fighting ended, as Anderson Hatfield settled into family life with his wife and two sons, he started cutting down trees along Grapevine Creek on the West Virginia side of the Tug.
战斗结束后，安德森·哈特菲尔德与妻子和两个儿子开始了家庭生活，他开始在拖船西弗吉尼亚州一侧的格雷普韦恩溪沿岸砍伐树木。
Altina Waller, Historian: When Anderson Hatfield, Devil Anse, came home from the Civil War, he was still living on his father’s land.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒（Altina Waller），历史学家：当安德森·哈特菲尔德（Devil Anse）从内战中回到家乡时，他仍然住在他父亲的土地上。
His father had quite a few sons, but for some reason, the only son he didn’t leave any land to was his son Anderson.
他的父亲有不少儿子，但出于某种原因，他唯一没有留下土地的就是他的儿子安德森。
This is one reason that Devil Anse had to think about making a go of life on his own.
这就是魔鬼安斯不得不考虑独立生活的原因之一。
And he said, “All right, I’m going to start a timber company.”
他说：“好吧，我要创办一家木材公司。”
Chuck Keeney, Historian: Devil Anse was not unique in the sense that he saw profitability in the trees around him.
Chuck Keeney，历史学家：Devil Anse 并不是独一无二的，因为他看到了周围树木的盈利能力。
There were many locals who wanted to profit from the industrialization boom that was taking place in the decades after the Civil War.
许多当地人希望从内战后几十年的工业化繁荣中获利。
As Tug Valley residents worked to reconstruct their community, industrialization in the United States was increasing at a breakneck pace.
当塔格谷居民努力重建他们的社区时，美国的工业化正在以惊人的速度增长。
The new economy was dominated by large corporations that hired wage laborers to work their factories.
新经济由雇佣雇佣工人到工厂工作的大公司主导。
To fuel the growing economy, investors began eyeing Central Appalachia for its natural bounty of timber and mineral reserves.
为了推动经济增长，投资者开始关注阿巴拉契亚中部地区丰富的木材和矿产资源。
“[The] hills and valleys are full of wealth,” noted a report about the resources in West Virginia, “which only need development to attract capitalists like a magnet.”
一份关于西弗吉尼亚州资源的报告指出：“山丘和山谷充满了财富，只需开发，就能像磁石一样吸引资本家。”
Chuck Keeney, Historian: Industrialization comes along and that changes the value of the land.
历史学家查克·基尼：工业化的到来改变了土地的价值。
The forest is no longer a place where you go to get your sustenance; it’s now something that you destroy to make a profit.
森林不再是你获取食物的地方；而是你去寻找食物的地方。现在你为了盈利而毁掉它。
Hatfield began logging on property he claimed was his father’s.
哈特菲尔德开始伐木，他声称这是他父亲的财产。
But two relatives of Randolph McCoy who lived nearby, a young man named Perry Cline and his brother, asserted that Hatfield was trespassing and illegally timbering on their land—a 5,000 acre tract they had inherited from their father.
但住在附近的伦道夫·麦考伊的两名亲戚，一个名叫佩里·克莱恩的年轻人和他的兄弟，声称哈特菲尔德正在侵入他们的土地并非法采伐木材——这是他们从父亲那里继承的 5,000 英亩土地。
Dean King, Writer: Devil Anse was respected, but feared.
迪恩·金（Dean King），编剧：魔鬼安斯受到尊重，但也令人畏惧。
We don’t know how much that came to play in his transaction with Perry Cline, but Perry Cline would have seen Devil Anse as a very powerful figure in the community.
我们不知道这在他与佩里·克莱恩的交易中发挥了多大作用，但佩里·克莱恩会把魔鬼安斯视为社区中非常强大的人物。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Devil Anse Hatfield probably considered himself having earned a certain amount of authority just having been in the war, and it’s naturally going to be premised on his ability to use violence.
罗伯特·赫顿，历史学家：魔鬼安斯·哈特菲尔德可能认为自己刚刚参加了战争就获得了一定的权威，这自然是以他使用暴力的能力为前提的。
Despite the protests of the Cline brothers, Hatfield refused to leave.
尽管克莱恩兄弟抗议，哈特菲尔德仍拒绝离开。
They accused him of taking their inheritance “by the muzzle of a gun.”
他们指责他“用枪口”夺取了他们的遗产。
Dean King, Writer: Perry Cline eventually signed over part of the family property to Devil Anse.
迪恩·金（Dean King），编剧：佩里·克莱恩（Perry Cline）最终将部分家族财产签给了魔鬼安斯（Devil Anse）。
So, whether Devil Anse bullied him to make that happen, or, took advantage of a younger, more naïve person, we really don’t know, but he did sign over that property.
所以，究竟是魔鬼安斯欺负他，还是利用了一个更年轻、更天真的人，我们真的不知道，但他确实签下了那处房产。
Cline soon left the Tug Valley, but he never forgot the loss of his land to Anderson Hatfield.
克莱恩很快就离开了塔格谷，但他永远不会忘记他的土地被安德森·哈特菲尔德夺走。
Now one of the largest landowners in the area, Hatfield, despite being illiterate, proved to be a savvy and opportunistic businessman.
哈特菲尔德现在是该地区最大的地主之一，尽管他不识字，但事实证明他是一位精明且机会主义的商人。
He borrowed money from local merchants using his new land as security, purchased equipment on credit, and hired relatives and neighbors to man his timber crew.
他用自己的新土地作为抵押，向当地商人借钱，赊购设备，并聘请亲戚和邻居来为他的伐木工人配备人员。
His workers floated logs down the Tug Fork to the Big Sandy and on to the Ohio River where sawmills churned out the lumber that was building America.
他的工人们将原木沿着拖叉河漂到大桑迪河，再漂到俄亥俄河，锯木厂在那里生产出建造美国的木材。
Steven Stoll, Historian: Devil Anse was extremely ambitious and understood how things were changing.
史蒂文·斯托尔（Steven Stoll），历史学家：魔鬼安斯（Devil Anse）雄心勃勃，并且了解事物的变化。
I could see how someone like Devil Anse could become an entrepreneur and, in fact, a small-scale capitalist.
我可以看到像魔鬼安斯这样的人如何成为一名企业家，事实上，一个小规模的资本家。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Devil Anse Hatfield is what one might call a job creator in the 1870’s.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿 (Robert Hutton)：魔鬼安斯·哈特菲尔德 (Devil Anse Hatfield) 堪称 1870 年代的就业创造者。
There’s a lot of young men who are coming from farms that had gotten busted recently either during the war or because of the recent recession, and they’re becoming wage earners under Devil Anse Hatfield.
有很多年轻人来自最近在战争期间或由于最近的经济衰退而破产的农场，他们正在成为魔鬼安斯·哈特菲尔德 (Devil Anse Hatfield) 手下的工薪阶层。
Hatfield is creating himself as a sort of fictive father figure, a kind of patriarch.
哈特菲尔德将自己塑造成一种虚构的父亲形象，一种族长。
And it ends up being a relatively extensive familial network, one that’s based as much on economic relationships as it is on kinship.
它最终成为一个相对广泛的家庭网络，一个既基于经济关系又基于亲属关系的网络。
For Randolph McCoy, Anderson Hatfield’s success fed a growing and deep-seated bitterness.
对于兰道夫·麦考伊来说，安德森·哈特菲尔德的成功加剧了一种日益增长的根深蒂固的痛苦。
According to legend, the animosity between Anderson Hatfield and Randolph McCoy may have started when Randolph lost a court case over a stolen hog.
据传说，安德森·哈特菲尔德和兰道夫·麦考伊之间的敌意可能始于兰道夫因偷走一头生猪而输掉的官司。
McCoy had blamed the crime on one of Hatfield’s relatives who also was on Anderson’s timber crew.
麦考伊将这起罪行归咎于哈特菲尔德的一位亲戚，他也是安德森木材队的成员。
Dean King, Writer: Randall McCoy was known to be somewhat of a testy, cranky guy.
迪恩·金（Dean King），编剧：众所周知，兰德尔·麦考伊是一个脾气暴躁、脾气暴躁的人。
He was a little bit more of a follower, less of a leader than Devil Anse Hatfield.
与魔鬼安斯·哈特菲尔德相比，他更像是一个追随者，而不是领导者。
I would say he was not as lucky as Devil Anse.
我想说他没有魔鬼安斯那么幸运。
His business transactions hadn’t gone as well.
他的商业交易也不顺利。
McCoy’s only involvement in timbering had been a failure.
麦考伊唯一一次参与木材采伐以失败告终。
He had joined his father in a logging venture, but it fell apart when his father was accused of cutting down trees on a neighbor’s property.
他和父亲一起从事伐木事业，但当他的父亲被指控砍伐邻居财产上的树木时，生意就破裂了。
Altina Waller, Historian: In order to settle the court case, Randall's father had to sell the land he did own, which impoverished the family.
历史学家阿尔蒂娜·沃勒：为了解决法庭案件，兰德尔的父亲不得不出售他拥有的土地，这使家庭陷入贫困。
So the experience that Randall McCoy had was very unlike Devil Anse’s experience in the timbering business.
因此，兰德尔·麦考伊的经历与魔鬼安斯在木材行业的经历非常不同。
It turned out to be a disaster.
事实证明这是一场灾难。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: Randall is almost the opposite of Devil Anse Hatfield.
当地历史学家比尔·理查森：兰德尔几乎与魔鬼安斯·哈特菲尔德相反。
He is a subsistence farmer, and it is very, very difficult to eke out a life.
他是一个自给自足的农民，维持生计非常非常困难。
Devil Anse Hatfield becomes economically successful and that never happens for Randall.
魔鬼安斯·哈特菲尔德在经济上取得了成功，但这对兰德尔来说从未发生过。
And I think there may have been a certain jealousy there, and Randall seems to be someone who has a chip on his shoulder.
我认为其中可能存在某种嫉妒，而兰德尔似乎是一个心怀怨恨的人。
The prospect of developing Appalachia’s natural resources took a dramatic turn in 1881, when a Philadelphia industrialist journeyed to a remote region of central Appalachia along the Virginia and southern West Virginia border.
1881 年，一位费城实业家沿着弗吉尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州南部边境来到阿巴拉契亚中部的一个偏远地区，开发阿巴拉契亚自然资源的前景发生了戏剧性的转变。
Frederick Kimball, the vice-president of the newly created Norfolk & Western Railroad, had heard about a massive 13-foot thick coal seam in the area and wanted to inspect it for himself.
新成立的诺福克西部铁路公司的副总裁弗雷德里克·金博尔 (Frederick Kimball) 听说该地区有一个 13 英尺厚的巨大煤层，并想亲自检查一下。
When Kimball saw the exposed outcropping, he knew immediately that this was the future of the Norfolk & Western.
当金博尔看到裸露的露头时，他立即知道这就是诺福克西部的未来。
Robert Hutton, Historian: The northeast and the Midwest have been building a steel industry that is powered by coal and eventually Pennsylvania’s, and Ohio’s, and Indiana’s coal aren’t going to be enough for them.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：东北部和中西部一直在建设以煤炭为动力的钢铁工业，最终宾夕法尼亚州、俄亥俄州和印第安纳州的煤炭将不足以满足他们的需求。
So, capitalists start to show up in places like the interior of eastern Kentucky and southern West Virginia.
因此，资本家开始出现在肯塔基州东部和西弗吉尼亚州南部等内陆地区。
The Norfolk & Western had formed by taking over a railroad that ran from the port city of Norfolk, Virginia to the western part of the state.
诺福克西部公司是通过接管一条从弗吉尼亚州港口城市诺福克到该州西部的铁路而成立的。
Kimball convinced the railroad’s board to build a spur into the vast, rich coalfields that ran through much of southern West Virginia.
金博尔说服铁路董事会修建一条支线，通往穿过西弗吉尼亚州南部大部分地区的广阔、富饶的煤田。
The railway, Kimball announced, would be “prepared for heavy mineral traffic.”
金博尔宣布，这条铁路将“为繁忙的矿产运输做好准备”。
Chuck Keeney, Historian: It’s difficult to over exaggerate the impact of the railroad.
历史学家查克·基尼：很难过分夸大铁路的影响。
In a place like the Tug River Valley, you aren’t going to be able to extract enormous amount of resources from the area without the railroad.
在像塔格河谷这样的地方，如果没有铁路，你将无法从该地区提取大量资源。
So if you’re going to get to the coal, if you’re going to get to big chunks of timber, you have to have a railroad to go in that region in order to get the materials out.
因此，如果你要开采煤炭，如果你要开采大块木材，就必须有一条铁路穿过该地区，以便将材料运出。
Norfolk & Western crews began to lay down tracks before the end of the year.
诺福克和西部的工作人员在年底前开始铺设轨道。
Robert Hutton, Historian: In some of the more sparsely populated parts of Appalachia, like the Tug River Valley, you’re going to see industry showing up very quickly in a place that had previously been predominantly agricultural.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：在阿巴拉契亚一些人口稀少的地区，比如塔格河谷，你会看到工业在以前以农业为主的地方很快出现。
This is going to completely change Appalachia.
这将彻底改变阿巴拉契亚。
In the summer of 1882, families from both sides of the Tug gathered for election day at a polling place in Pike County, Kentucky.
1882 年夏天，选举日，图格河两岸的家庭聚集在肯塔基州派克县的一个投票站。
Like election days all around the country, it was a festive and volatile occasion.
就像全国各地的选举日一样，这是一个喜庆而动荡的时刻。
Dean King, Writer: Election Days were important in this area.
Dean King，作家：选举日在这一领域很重要。
It’s when this hard-working community, isolated by these hills, came together.
正是在这个时候，这个被群山隔离的勤劳社区聚集在一起。
And courting went on, business went on, political machinations were at work.
求爱继续，生意继续，政治阴谋开始运作。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Election days were often very raucous and heated affairs.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：选举日往往非常喧闹和激烈。
This was when there were a lot of young men gathering close together, and there was a lot of alcohol fueling whatever tensions were there previously.
当时有很多年轻人聚集在一起，大量的酒精加剧了之前的紧张气氛。
“Strife and ambition were high” on that Pike County Election Day, a resident recalled.
一位居民回忆说，在派克县选举日，“冲突和野心很高”。
Late in the afternoon, a squabble over a small debt broke out between a distant relation of Anderson Hatfield and Randolph McCoy’s son, Tolbert.
下午晚些时候，安德森·哈特菲尔德和伦道夫·麦考伊的儿子托尔伯特的远亲之间因一笔小额债务发生了争吵。
Altina Waller, Historian: Tolbert McCoy was an angry young man because of his prospects for the future.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒，历史学家：托尔伯特·麦考伊是一个愤怒的年轻人，因为他对未来的前景。
Unlike Devil Anse’s crew, who were now doing well and getting land, he wasn’t.
与魔鬼安斯的船员们不同，他们现在过得很好，并获得了土地，但他却不然。
He was a tenant farmer.
他是一个佃农。
Anthony Harkins, Historian: There was relatively little tillable land to begin with, and as they had large families, there was less land available.
历史学家安东尼·哈金斯：一开始可耕地相对较少，而且由于他们有大家庭，可用土地也较少。
And so what was initially plenty to be, you know, perfectly content on was increasingly being pinched as time went on.
因此，随着时间的推移，最初可以满足的东西越来越少。
Altina Waller, Historian: You have this younger generation who’s extremely frustrated.
历史学家阿尔蒂娜·沃勒：年轻一代非常沮丧。
They were being restricted from the things that they thought they should be able to have.
他们被限制获得他们认为应该能够拥有的东西。
They didn’t understand the economic forces behind it; they’re going to be worse off than their parents, and they know it.
他们不了解其背后的经济力量；他们的处境会比他们的父母更糟糕，他们知道这一点。
Tolbert McCoy had also had a recent confrontation with Anderson Hatfield that would lead to devastating consequences.
托尔伯特·麦考伊最近还与安德森·哈特菲尔德发生了冲突，这将导致毁灭性的后果。
Tolbert and several of his brothers had arrested Hatfield’s eldest son on a concealed weapons charge and were taking him to a jail in Kentucky when Hatfield and a gang of armed men intervened.
托尔伯特和他的几个兄弟以隐藏武器罪逮捕了哈特菲尔德的长子，并把他带到肯塔基州的监狱，这时哈特菲尔德和一伙武装人员介入了。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: Nobody is killed but one of the stories is that Devil Anse made Tolbert get down on his knees, and cursed him, and humiliated him.
比尔·理查森，当地历史学家：没有人被杀，但有一个故事是魔鬼安斯让托尔伯特跪下，咒骂他，羞辱他。
If you’re seen as being weak, especially as a man, that’s the worst thing you can be in this culture.
如果你被视为软弱，尤其是作为一个男人，那是你在这种文化中最糟糕的事情。
Back at the election day celebration, a crowd gathered as Tolbert and Hatfield’s relative continued to argue.
回到选举日庆祝活动时，托尔伯特和哈特菲尔德的亲戚继续争论，人群聚集在一起。
Then, another Hatfield intervened.
然后，另一个哈特菲尔德介入了。
Ellison Hatfield was bigger and stronger than Tolbert.
埃里森·哈特菲尔德比托尔伯特更大、更强壮。
More importantly, he was Anderson Hatfield’s brother.
更重要的是，他是安德森·哈特菲尔德的兄弟。
Dean King, Writer: Here you have Tolbert staring down Devil Anse’s brother, with everybody circled up there watching to see what’s going to happen, and because of the family enmity, this took on a larger life.
迪恩·金（编剧）：在这里，托尔伯特盯着魔鬼安斯的兄弟，每个人都围在那里看着会发生什么，由于家庭的敌意，这件事变得更加重要。
Altina Waller, Historian: Tolbert McCoy saw in Ellison Hatfield all the things that he would like to be: Ellison had land, and Ellison was a extremely respected member of the community.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒，历史学家：托尔伯特·麦考伊在埃里森·哈特菲尔德身上看到了他想成为的一切：埃里森拥有土地，埃里森是社区中一位非常受尊敬的成员。
Put that together with Tolbert’s humiliation by Devil Anse not too long before, and you can see that rage emerging in a very deadly way.
将其与托尔伯特不久前被魔鬼安斯羞辱联系起来，你可以看到这种愤怒以一种非常致命的方式出现。
After being confronted by Ellison Hatfield, Tolbert McCoy attacked him with a knife.
在与埃里森·哈特菲尔德对峙后，托尔伯特·麦考伊用刀袭击了他。
Though unarmed, Hatfield fought back.
尽管手无寸铁，哈特菲尔德还是进行了反击。
Two of Tolbert’s brothers joined in, stabbing Ellison 27 times.
托尔伯特的两个兄弟也加入其中，刺了埃里森 27 刀。
Then, as he picked up a rock to hit Tolbert in the head, one of the McCoy brothers shot Ellison in the back, severely wounding him.
然后，当他拿起一块石头击中托尔伯特的头部时，麦考伊兄弟的一个人朝埃里森的背部开枪，使他受重伤。
The McCoy brothers were quickly apprehended, and two Kentucky constables were assigned to take them to the jail in the county seat of Pikeville the next morning.
麦考伊兄弟很快被捕，第二天早上，两名肯塔基州警察被指派将他们带到派克维尔县城的监狱。
Altina Waller, Historian: Although Devil Anse wasn’t there that day he was soon informed.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒（Altina Waller），历史学家：虽然那天魔鬼安斯不在场，但他很快就得到了通知。
The problem for him was that this had happened on the Kentucky side of the river, and if the McCoy boys were taken to Pikeville for trial, which was not even considered part of the Tug Valley and it was the Kentucky side, I think Devil Anse felt that they would probably not be found guilty.
对他来说，问题是这件事发生在肯塔基州一侧，如果麦考伊男孩被带到派克维尔接受审判，派克维尔甚至不被认为是塔格谷的一部分，而且是肯塔基州一侧，我想魔鬼安斯觉得他们可能不会被判有罪。
Hatfield organized an armed posse and started in pursuit.
哈特菲尔德组织了一支武装部队并开始追击。
Kimberly McCoy, Descendant: Devil Anse had his own band of 20-plus men that worked the timber around his home place and that became a militia pretty quickly.
金伯利·麦考伊 (Kimberly McCoy)，后裔：Devil Anse 有自己的 20 多人的团队，在他的家乡周围伐木，很快就成为了一支民兵。
Loyalty was everything to the mountain folks and they prided themselves on that.
对于山民来说，忠诚就是一切，他们以此为傲。
Altina Waller, Historian: Devil Anse’s timber crew came to be seen as his family.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒 (Altina Waller)，历史学家：Devil Anse 的木材船员逐渐被视为他的家人。
The fact that they came to his support so quickly and without question tells us a lot about what they thought of him.
他们如此迅速且毫无疑问地支持他，这一事实告诉我们很多他们对他的看法。
The posse seized the three McCoys, brought them to West Virginia, and locked them up in an abandoned schoolhouse.
该团伙抓住了三名麦考伊，将他们带到西弗吉尼亚州，并将他们锁在一座废弃的校舍里。
Hatfield warned his captives that, if Ellison died, so would they.
哈特菲尔德警告他的俘虏说，如果埃里森死了，他们也会死。
That night, in the pouring rain, Sally McCoy, the three boys’ mother, crossed the rain-swollen Tug Fork to plead for mercy on her boys.
那天晚上，在倾盆大雨中，三个男孩的母亲莎莉·麦考伊（Sally McCoy）跨过被雨水淹没的拖叉，向她的孩子们求饶。
Kimberly McCoy, Descendant: Sally was a strong woman.
金伯利·麦考伊（Kimberly McCoy），后裔：莎莉是一位坚强的女性。
She went right into the den of the devil, and she begged for her sons’ lives, and she wanted justice to take place in a Pike County court, and it just, it didn’t go down that way.
她直接走进了魔鬼的巢穴，她乞求放她儿子的命，她希望派克县法院能够伸张正义，但事情并没有这样发展。
Ellison died two days later.
两天后埃里森去世。
Under the cover of darkness, Hatfield and his posse marched the McCoy brothers to the Kentucky side of the river.
在夜幕的掩护下，哈特菲尔德和他的队伍将麦考伊兄弟带到肯塔基州河边。
They blindfolded them and tied them to some pawpaw bushes on the riverbank.
他们蒙住他们的眼睛，把他们绑在河岸上的一些木瓜丛上。
Then, they opened fire.
然后，他们开枪了。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: You could hear the shots ring throughout the mountains.
比尔·理查森，当地历史学家：你可以听到枪声响彻整座山。
It was a death knell.
这是丧钟。
“We found my three brothers tied together,” remembered McCoy’s eldest son.
“我们发现我的三个兄弟被绑在一起，”麦考伊的大儿子回忆道。
“My little brother was on his knees, the top of his head shot off.”
“我的弟弟跪在地上，他的头顶被炸飞了。”
Altina Waller, Historian: Randall McCoy tried to raise a posse to get revenge on the Hatfields, but his wife Sally, said, “Let it go.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒，历史学家：兰德尔·麦考伊试图组建一支队伍向哈特菲尔德家族复仇，但他的妻子莎莉说：“随它去吧。
It’ll just make things much worse.
这只会让事情变得更糟。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: I think a lot of people saw the killing of those three boys as pretty much an eye for an eye, you don’t see a lot of upheaval and, and people coming to the defense of the McCoys at that time.
比尔·理查森，当地历史学家：我认为很多人都认为这三个男孩的被杀几乎是以眼还眼，你没有看到太多的动乱，而且当时人们来捍卫麦考伊一家。
So, it was either they didn’t want to get involved or they saw it as justified.
所以，要么他们不想参与，要么他们认为这是合理的。
In one of the first news reports of the Hatfield-McCoy conflict, the New York Times described “a bloody affray” in Pike County as a part of a list of other crimes from around the nation.
在有关哈特菲尔德-麦考伊冲突的第一批新闻报道中，《纽约时报》将派克县的“血腥斗殴”描述为全国各地其他犯罪行为清单的一部分。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: When the Hatfield and McCoy conflict is going on, there are very similar conflicts out West—the OK Corral, Jesse James, those sort of things—and America romanticizes, even at the time, the things that are going on in the West.
当地历史学家比尔·理查森：当哈特菲尔德和麦考伊冲突发生时，西方也存在非常相似的冲突——OK Corral、杰西·詹姆斯，诸如此类的事情——而美国甚至在当时也将西方正在发生的事情浪漫化。
This eastern conflict that’s so similar, it becomes a very pejorative thing.
这场东方冲突如此相似，以至于成为一件非常贬义的事情。
America looks down on it.
美国瞧不起它。
“More bloodshed is expected,” the New York Times article concluded, “as the members of the families are numerous and vindictive.”
《纽约时报》的文章总结道，“预计会发生更多流血事件，因为这些家庭成员人数众多，而且报复心极强。”
Steven Stoll, Historian: Economic growth is not something that serves the needs or the interests of everybody, but it’s presented to us in a universal way.
史蒂文·斯托尔，历史学家：经济增长并不是满足每个人的需求或利益，而是以一种普遍的方式呈现在我们面前。
It’s about greater consumption.
这是关于更大的消费。
It’s about turning nature into wealth.
这是关于将自然转化为财富。
It’s about a notion of progress that comes from the spread of capitalism.
这是关于资本主义传播带来的进步概念。
In 1884, two years after the murder of the McCoy brothers, the Norfolk & Western made its first shipment of coal from southern West Virginia.
1884 年，即麦考伊兄弟被谋杀两年后，诺福克西部公司从西弗吉尼亚州南部运送了第一批煤炭。
But Frederick Kimball, now president of the railroad, had bigger plans.
但现任铁路总裁弗雷德里克·金博尔 (Frederick Kimball) 有更大的计划。
He soon announced the building of an extension line west to the Ohio River.
他很快宣布修建俄亥俄河以西的延伸线。
The route was still to be determined, but it was headed toward the Tug Valley.
路线尚未确定，但朝着图格谷方向前进。
Outside investors began to clamor for titles to land in the area.
外部投资者开始呼吁获得该地区的所有权。
Their agents swarmed into the backcountry, buying property for as little as a dollar an acre.
他们的经纪人涌入偏远地区，以每英亩低至一美元的价格购买房产。
In Kentucky, Pike County native John Mayo recognized the wealth lying just under the surface of the mountain farms where he grew up.
在肯塔基州，派克县本地人约翰·梅奥（John Mayo）认识到他长大的山区农场地表下蕴藏着财富。
A former school teacher, he traveled hundreds of miles across the region to persuade families to sell him the mineral rights to their land.
他曾担任学校教师，长途跋涉穿越该地区数百英里，说服当地家庭将其土地的采矿权出售给他。
Mayo used a deceptively simple legal construct called a broad form deed that granted rights to all natural resources in, on and under the land.
梅奥使用了一种看似简单的法律结构，称为广义契约，授予土地内、土地上和土地下所有自然资源的权利。
Steven Stoll, Historian: The way that mountain households understood this offer was that they had won a great victory.
史蒂文·斯托尔（Steven Stoll），历史学家：山区家庭对这一提议的理解是，他们赢得了一场伟大的胜利。
They were gonna be paid something for the coal underneath their feet, and they were gonna be able to remain there and live as they saw fit.
他们会因为脚下的煤炭而得到一些报酬，而且他们将能够留在那里，按照自己认为合适的方式生活。
What they did not understand was what it would mean to extract that coal because in the fine print of these contracts it said that the coal companies could do anything necessary in order to extract it.
他们不明白的是，开采煤炭意味着什么，因为在这些合同的细则中，煤炭公司可以采取任何必要的措施来开采煤炭。
They could build roads, they could cut down the trees, and they, in fact, could come right up to the cabin.
他们可以修路，可以砍伐树木，事实上，他们可以直接来到小屋。
Land prices in the Tug Valley soared in anticipation of the railroad, and large corporations began vying for property.
由于铁路的兴建，塔格谷的土地价格飙升，大公司开始争夺地产。
The increased competition undercut Hatfield’s timber business.
竞争的加剧削弱了哈特菲尔德的木材业务。
Altina Waller, Historian: The merchants in Logan County who had been so willing to fund Devil Anse’s timbering operations when it benefited them, now begin to see it as a problem as they were trying to attract larger companies from outside the area.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒（Altina Waller），历史学家：洛根县的商人曾经非常愿意为魔鬼安斯的木材业务提供资金，只要这对他们有利，现在他们开始将其视为一个问题，因为他们试图吸引该地区以外的更大公司。
So they took him to court to collect what Devil Anse owed them.
于是他们将他告上法庭，以追讨Devil Anse欠他们的钱。
And it really bit into Devil Anse’s business.
它确实影响了 Devil Anse 的业务。
As Hatfield faced increased financial pressure, an old nemesis sought to take advantage of his situation.
随着哈特菲尔德面临越来越大的财务压力，一个宿敌试图利用他的处境。
It had been nearly fifteen years since Perry Cline lost his land to Anderson Hatfield.
佩里·克莱恩将土地输给安德森·哈特菲尔德已经过去近十五年了。
Cline had moved out of the Tug Valley to Pikeville, where he started several businesses and served as deputy sheriff before becoming an attorney.
克莱恩从塔格谷搬到了派克维尔，在那里他创办了几家企业，并在成为律师之前担任副警长。
Cline, who had been a member of the Kentucky state legislature, was now part of the inner circle of Pike County’s local elite.
克莱恩曾是肯塔基州立法机关的成员，现在是派克县当地精英核心圈子的一员。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Perry Cline is what one might call a middleman.
罗伯特·赫顿（Robert Hutton），历史学家：佩里·克莱恩（Perry Cline）可以称为中间人。
He knows the terrain, he knows who can be convinced, he knows who cannot be, and he’s the one who seems to have a certain sense of what’s going to happen in the near future.
他了解地形，他知道谁可以被说服，他知道谁不能被说服，而且他似乎对不久的将来将要发生的事情有一定的预感。
Someone like Cline must have had a hunch that the most likely place for the Norfolk & Western to run its line was along the Tug Fork in West Virginia—the very land that Hatfield had taken from him a decade before.
像克莱恩这样的人肯定有一种预感，诺福克西部铁路公司最有可能运营其线路的地方是西弗吉尼亚州的图格福克沿线——这正是哈特菲尔德十年前从他手中夺走的土地。
But Cline had more than just land issues with Hatfield.
但克莱恩与哈特菲尔德的问题不仅仅是土地问题。
His sister had married Randolph McCoy’s brother, the Union soldier believed to have been killed by Hatfield’s guerilla group, and Cline had become close to the McCoy family.
他的姐姐嫁给了伦道夫·麦考伊的兄弟，这位联邦士兵据信已被哈特菲尔德的游击队杀害，克莱恩也与麦考伊家族关系密切。
Dean King, Writer: Randall McCoy turns to Perry Cline who has political clout and the capability to get the, the wheels of justice turning.
迪恩·金，编剧：兰德尔·麦考伊求助于佩里·克莱恩，他拥有政治影响力，有能力推动正义之轮转动。
Now Perry Cline is going to become the leader in the confrontation with the Hatfields.
现在佩里·克莱恩将成为与哈特菲尔德对抗的领头羊。
In late November 1886, after four years of relative calm, violence between the Hatfields and McCoys resurfaced when twenty-two-year-old Cap Hatfield, one of Anderson’s sons, stirred things up.
1886 年 11 月下旬，经过四年的相对平静后，哈特菲尔德家族和麦考伊家族之间的暴力事件重新浮现，当时安德森的儿子之一、22 岁的卡普·哈特菲尔德挑起了事端。
“Cap is simply a bad young man,” a reporter later wrote.
“卡普简直就是个坏年轻人，”一位记者后来写道。
Even Cap’s uncle singled him out as being “trouble” from the start.
就连卡普的叔叔从一开始就认为他是“麻烦”。
After a violent altercation, Cap allegedly shot and killed Randolph McCoy’s nephew as he was attempting to escape to Kentucky by swimming across the Tug Fork.
在一场暴力争吵后，据称，当兰道夫·麦考伊的侄子试图游过拖叉叉逃往肯塔基州时，卡普枪杀了他。
Dean King, Writer: Randall McCoy has lost another relation.
迪恩·金（Dean King），编剧：兰德尔·麦考伊又失去了一位亲戚。
He turns to Perry Cline, and Cline is looking for an opportunity to get revenge.
他转向佩里·克莱恩，克莱恩正在寻找复仇的机会。
Instead of issuing an arrest warrant for the recent killing, Cline revived the five-year-old case against Anderson Hatfield and his posse for the murder of the three McCoy brothers.
克莱恩没有对最近的杀戮发出逮捕令，而是重新提起了五年前针对安德森·哈特菲尔德及其团伙谋杀麦考伊三兄弟的案件。
But Cline needed authority to pursue the Hatfields across state lines.
但克莱恩需要获得跨州追击哈特菲尔德家族的权力。
He turned to Kentucky’s newly-elected governor, Simon Bolivar Buckner.
他转向肯塔基州新当选的州长西蒙·玻利瓦尔·巴克纳。
Not long before Buckner’s election, a geological survey had identified an enormous amount of coal in eastern Kentucky.
巴克纳当选前不久，一项地质调查发现肯塔基州东部蕴藏着大量煤炭。
This mountainous and remote region, which largely had been ignored by state politicians, was now seen as vitally important.
这个山区和偏远地区在很大程度上被国家政客忽视，现在却被视为至关重要。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Simon Buckner sees a future that’s going to be based on steel, and coal, and steam power, and the story he’s trying to tell is that eastern Kentucky is a place that is primitive and in need of help, and the best way of bringing about that help is bringing a more vigorous, capitalist, industrial economy to the area.
罗伯特·赫顿，历史学家：西蒙·巴克纳看到了一个以钢铁、煤炭和蒸汽动力为基础的未来，他试图讲述的故事是，肯塔基州东部是一个原始且需要帮助的地方，而实现这种帮助的最佳方式就是为该地区带来更有活力的资本主义工业经济。
That’s Buckner’s main goal.
这是巴克纳的主要目标。
Within days of Buckner’s inauguration, Cline met with the governor.
巴克纳就职几天后，克莱恩会见了州长。
He pressed him to actively prosecute the case against the Hatfields and to increase the reward for their capture to $500 each.
他敦促他积极起诉哈特菲尔德夫妇，并将抓捕他们的悬赏额提高到每人 500 美元。
Altina Waller, Historian: At this time, there were other Kentucky feuds that had hit the newspapers and eastern Kentucky was getting this reputation for being this violent place and that might discourage outside companies from coming in.
历史学家阿尔蒂娜·沃勒：此时，肯塔基州还有其他争斗事件登上了报纸，肯塔基州东部因暴力而闻名，这可能会阻止外部公司进入。
Cline went to the Governor of Kentucky and said, “Look, we can’t attract industry unless we get rid of these terrible marauders, the Hatfields.
克莱恩去找肯塔基州州长说：“听着，除非我们除掉这些可怕的掠夺者哈特菲尔德家族，否则我们无法吸引工业。
Buckner agreed, and four days later he sent an extradition request to the governor of West Virginia to hand over Hatfield and his posse to face charges in Kentucky.
巴克纳同意了，四天后，他向西弗吉尼亚州州长发出引渡请求，要求将哈特菲尔德和他的团队移交给肯塔基州接受指控。
When news spread of the call for extraditing the Hatfields, Logan County residents lobbied on their behalf.
当要求引渡哈特菲尔德夫妇的消息传开后，洛根县居民为他们进行游说。
One praised the Hatfields as “the very best and law abiding citizens of that county.” After several weeks of deliberation, West Virginia’s governor denied Buckner’s request.
有人称赞哈特菲尔德一家是“该县最优秀、最守法的公民”。经过几周的审议，西弗吉尼亚州州长拒绝了巴克纳的请求。
A frustrated Perry Cline, without legal authority, sent a special deputy into West Virginia to capture the Hatfields.
沮丧的佩里·克莱恩在没有法律授权的情况下派了一名特别代表前往西弗吉尼亚州占领哈特菲尔德家族。
Frank Phillips, known as “Bad Frank,” was aggressive and relentless.
弗兰克·菲利普斯（Frank Phillips）被称为“坏弗兰克”，他咄咄逼人、冷酷无情。
Phillips started mounting raids across the Tug.
菲利普斯开始对拖船进行袭击。
He soon arrested two of Hatfield’s associates, and brought them across the river to the Pikeville jail.
他很快逮捕了哈特菲尔德的两名同伙，并将他们带到河对岸的派克维尔监狱。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: Kentucky, through “Bad” Frank Phillips, had basically said, “Tough.
肯塔基州当地历史学家比尔·理查森（Bill Richardson）通过“坏”弗兰克·菲利普斯（Frank Phillips）基本上说：“艰难。
We’re not gonna adhere to the law.
我们不会遵守法律。
We’re gonna do what it takes to bring you to justice.” And that was a game changer for the Hatfields.
我们将尽一切努力将你绳之以法。”这对哈特菲尔德来说是一个改变游戏规则的事情。
Altina Waller, Historian: It’s not really sanctioned by the state, although I’m sure Devil Anse, saw it that way, here was the State of Kentucky after them, and I think this really scared them.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒（Altina Waller），历史学家：这并没有得到国家的真正批准，尽管我确信魔鬼安斯也是这么认为的，紧随其后的是肯塔基州，我认为这真的吓坏了他们。
On the night of New Years Day 1888, a nearly full moon illuminated the fresh snow blanketing the ridges and hollows of the Tug Fork valley.
1888 年元旦的夜晚，一轮近乎满月的月亮照亮了覆盖图格福克山谷山脊和山谷的新雪。
The events of that evening would mark a turning point in tensions between the families.
那天晚上发生的事件标志着家庭之间紧张关系的转折点。
At the McCoy home, Randolph, his wife, and several of their children and grandchildren had gone to bed.
在麦考伊家，兰道夫、他的妻子以及他们的几个孩子和孙子已经上床睡觉了。
Suddenly, their watchdog started barking.
突然，他们的看门狗开始吠叫。
A voice yelled out for McCoy to give himself up.
一个声音喊叫麦考伊投降。
A group of armed men, led by Cap Hatfield, had surrounded the house.
由哈特菲尔德队长率领的一群武装人员包围了这座房子。
Altina Waller, Historian: It’s Devil Anse’s sons and some of his more aggressive crew members who get together, I’m pretty sure without Devil Anse’s knowledge, and decide, “All right, we need to do something about this.”
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒（Altina Waller），历史学家：我很确定，魔鬼安斯的儿子们和他的一些更具攻击性的船员聚集在一起，在魔鬼安斯不知情的情况下，他们决定：“好吧，我们需要对此做点什么。”
Dean King, Writer: The Hatfields realize that pressure is building against them, and they decide that if they can take Randall McCoy out of the equation, that will somehow end the feud and there won’t be any reason to come after them anymore.
迪恩·金（编剧）：哈特菲尔德夫妇意识到他们面临的压力越来越大，他们决定，如果他们能把兰德尔·麦考伊排除在外，那就会以某种方式结束这场争执，而且不会再有任何理由来追捕他们了。
Gunshots ripped into the cabin.
机舱内响起枪声。
Randolph started firing back.
兰多夫开始还击。
Then, the attackers set the McCoy cabin on fire.
然后，袭击者放火焚烧了麦考伊的小屋。
Randolph’s son and daughter were shot down as they ran to escape the flames.
伦道夫的儿子和女儿在逃离火焰时被击落。
His wife, Sally, was struck unconscious with a rifle butt.
他的妻子莎莉被枪托击昏。
Randolph managed to escape.
兰多夫成功逃脱。
The Hatfield party withdrew as the house burned to the ground.
当房子被烧毁时，哈特菲尔德党退出了。
“We have made a bad job of it,” one said.
一位人士表示：“我们做得很糟糕。”
“There will be trouble over this.”
“这件事会有麻烦的。”
McCoy returned to find two of his children dead in the snow, and his wife critically injured.
麦考伊回来后发现他的两个孩子死在雪中，他的妻子受了重伤。
Dean King, Writer: This is a catastrophic violent event beyond anything he’s seen before.
迪恩·金（Dean King），作家：这是一场他以前从未见过的灾难性暴力事件。
This was ratcheting up the feud to a whole ‘nother level of brutality, of violence, of meanness.
这将争执升级到了“另一个残酷、暴力和卑鄙的水平”。
Kimberly McCoy, Descendant: I think that in a lot of ways the Hatfields were condemned at that moment.
金伯利·麦考伊（Kimberly McCoy），后裔：我认为哈特菲尔德家族在那一刻在很多方面都受到了谴责。
They were condemned to the brutality and the savageness that would live on through that one event.
他们注定要在这一事件中继续施行残暴和野蛮行为。
Over the next few weeks, Frank Phillips conducted over a half-dozen more raids into West Virginia.
在接下来的几周里，弗兰克·菲利普斯对西弗吉尼亚州进行了六次以上的袭击。
He killed one of Hatfield’s most trusted allies, and seized six more men on the wanted list.
他杀死了哈特菲尔德最信任的盟友之一，并在通缉名单上抓获了另外六名男子。
The New York Times called the feud “A War of Extermination.” The governors of West Virginia and Kentucky, stirred up by the press frenzy, put their state militias on high alert.
《纽约时报》称这场争斗是“一场灭绝之战”。西弗吉尼亚州和肯塔基州的州长在媒体狂热的煽动下，让州民兵处于高度戒备状态。
Anderson Hatfield, in addition to worrying about the safety of his family, was fighting for his financial survival.
安德森·哈特菲尔德除了担心家人的安全外，还要为自己的经济生存而奋斗。
He owed hundreds of dollars, payable immediately, on old debt cases that had been rushed to trial.
他欠下数百美元，需要立即偿还，这些债务案件已经被匆忙送审。
Altina Waller, Historian: Devil Anse was really forced into selling his land, which he did for very little, especially compared to what it would become in just a few years when the railroad came through and the coal mines came in.
阿尔蒂娜·沃勒（Altina Waller），历史学家：魔鬼安斯确实被迫出售了他的土地，他只花了很少的钱，特别是与铁路开通和煤矿进入后的几年内的情况相比。
Which is really what Perry Cline and his allies in Pikeville had been hoping for all along.
这确实是佩里·克莱恩和他在派克维尔的盟友一直以来所希望的。
Just four weeks after the New Year’s Day raid, Hatfield sold his lands by the Tug River to a coal agent who also agreed to pay off his debts.
元旦突袭后仅四个星期，哈特菲尔德将塔格河沿岸的土地卖给了一位煤炭代理商，该代理商也同意偿还他的债务。
Like many of his neighbors, Hatfield had lost his land to outside capitalists.
和他的许多邻居一样，哈特菲尔德也将土地拱手让给了外部资本家。
Altina Waller, Historian: It seemed to symbolize a conflict between folks trying to preserve local autonomy, and power, and control versus the power of the state and the power of the modernizers and the industrialists to come in and take control.
历史学家阿尔蒂娜·沃勒：它似乎象征着试图维护地方自治、权力和控制的人们与国家权力以及现代化主义者和实业家介入并控制的权力之间的冲突。
The big capitalists destroy the little ones.
大资本家毁掉小资本家。
And I think this is what was happening to Devil Anse.
我认为这就是发生在 Devil Anse 身上的事情。
Hatfield moved higher up in the mountains, to land he purchased twenty miles north of the Kentucky border in Logan County.
哈特菲尔德搬到了山上更高的地方，他在肯塔基州边境以北二十英里的洛根县购买了土地。
He built a sturdy, windowless fort near his cabin and posted armed men at each corner of the property.
他在自己的小屋附近建造了一座坚固的、没有窗户的堡垒，并在庄园的每个角落都部署了武装人员。
ACT THREE Scene 1: Vendetta in the Press
第三幕场景 1：新闻界的仇杀
In the late summer of 1888, six months after selling his land, Hatfield received word that a reporter from New York City wanted to interview him.
1888 年夏末，也就是出售土地六个月后，哈特菲尔德收到消息称，纽约市的一名记者想要采访他。
For journalist T.C.
对于记者 T.C.
Crawford of The New York World, an audience with the infamous feudist would be a major scoop.
《纽约世界报》的克劳福德，会见这位臭名昭著的封建主义者将是一个重大新闻。
“No one had seen or described Anse Hatfield, his fort and his guard of armed men,” Crawford noted.
“没有人见过或描述过安斯·哈特菲尔德、他的堡垒和武装人员守卫，”克劳福德指出。
They were “the talk and terror of the country.”
他们是“这个国家的话题和恐惧”。
Robert Hutton, Historian: Crawford is practically the first northeastern reporter to get firsthand knowledge of what’s going on in the Tug River Valley.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：克劳福德实际上是第一个获得第一手资料了解塔格河谷正在发生的事情的东北记者。
The story he ends up telling is as much fancy as it is fact, and that’s not necessarily because he was a bad reporter.
他最终讲述的故事既是幻想也是事实，这并不一定是因为他是一个糟糕的记者。
T.C.
T.C.
Crawford is typical of a journalist working in what’s going to very soon be called yellow journalism.
克劳福德是一名典型的记者，从事很快将被称为黄色新闻的工作。
The important thing wasn’t so much to get the facts right as it was to tell an elaborate, entertaining story.
重要的不是弄清事实，而是讲述一个精心设计的、有趣的故事。
The first of three articles appeared on Sunday, October 7, 1888.
三篇文章中的第一篇发表于 1888 年 10 月 7 日星期日。
“I have been away in Murderland for nearly ten days,” Crawford wrote.
“我已经离开谋杀之地近十天了，”克劳福德写道。
“No one would believe that there is in this country such a barbarous, uncivilized and wholly savage region.”
“没有人会相信这个国家还有这样一个野蛮、不文明、完全野蛮的地区。”
The series continued for three consecutive Sundays, reaching hundreds of thousands of readers.
该系列连续三个周日持续播出，吸引了数十万读者。
The Cincinnati Enquirer picked it up and took the story national, calling Hatfield the “outlaw king” and giving him equal billing with Jack the Ripper.
《辛辛那提问询报》转载了这篇报道，并在全国范围内报道，称哈特菲尔德为“亡命之王”，并给予他与开膛手杰克同等的待遇。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: The Hatfield-McCoy Feud was a media sensation.
比尔·理查森 (Bill Richardson)，当地历史学家：哈特菲尔德与麦考伊之间的不和引起了媒体的轰动。
Everyday people would pick up the newspaper wanting to read about what was going on in this little part of America.
每天人们都会拿起报纸想了解美国这个小地方正在发生的事情。
It is a story of violence.
这是一个暴力的故事。
And it’s a story of retribution.
这是一个报应的故事。
But also I think it’s a story of passion.
但我也认为这是一个激情的故事。
And I think people can identify with that.
我认为人们可以认同这一点。
Crawford soon published the series in An American Vendetta, the first book to tell the tale of the Hatfield-McCoy feud.
克劳福德很快在《美国复仇》中出版了这个系列，这是第一本讲述哈特菲尔德和麦考伊不和故事的书。
Anthony Harkins, Historian: I think the politics of the word “feud” are quite important.
历史学家安东尼·哈金斯：我认为“世仇”这个词的政治意义非常重要。
It reinforces the notions of violence, of a certain irrationality.
它强化了暴力和某种非理性的观念。
Oftentimes these feuds get framed as having no real reason to exist other than a sort of innate violence and temperament of the people.
通常，这些争斗被认为除了人们与生俱来的暴力和气质之外没有真正存在的理由。
Steven Stoll, Historian: It was a disaster for mountain people to be turned into this kind of lurid, violent literature in which there was no social content whatsoever or attention paid to their motives.
史蒂文·斯托尔（Steven Stoll），历史学家：对于山民来说，变成这种耸人听闻、暴力的文学作品是一场灾难，其中没有任何社会内容，也没有关注他们的动机。
They became two-dimensional and entirely the victims of the journalists and the perceptions of the readers, which were that these people were savages, that they were living in the past, backward, incapable of historical progress.
他们变成了二维的，完全是记者和读者看法的受害者，认为这些人是野蛮人，他们生活在过去，落后，没有能力推动历史进步。
Robert Hutton, Historian: It’s a sort of propaganda in a way.
历史学家罗伯特·赫顿：在某种程度上这是一种宣传。
It’s a justification for what’s about to happen because of capitalists who are making their way into the interior of eastern Kentucky and southern West Virginia.
这是即将发生的事情的合理性，因为资本家正在进入肯塔基州东部和西弗吉尼亚州南部的内陆地区。
It’s not necessarily a conspiracy between the newspapers and the railroads and the coal companies, but there is a symbiotic relationship between the press and big business.
这不一定是报纸、铁路和煤炭公司之间的阴谋，但媒体和大企业之间存在共生关系。
And the story that people like Crawford are trying to tell is that these are people who need to be fixed.
像克劳福德这样的人试图讲述的故事是，这些人需要被修复。
“This country …
“这个国家……
is wonderfully rich,” Crawford proclaimed to the world.
非常富有。”克劳福德向全世界宣称。
“And needs only a railroad to come up through it to drive out this outlaw class.”
“只需要一条铁路穿过它就能赶走这个亡命之徒。”
By 1890, Norfolk & Western construction crews were laying track for their new extension line to the Ohio River.
到 1890 年，诺福克和西部地区的施工人员正在为俄亥俄河的新延伸线铺设轨道。
As predicted, it ran right through the bottomland along the Tug Fork in West Virginia, cutting through Hatfield’s former land.
正如预测的那样，它沿着西弗吉尼亚州的图格叉直接穿过低地，穿过哈特菲尔德以前的土地。
Soon, massive timbering operations would turn the mountains into an alien landscape, and company-owned coal camps would spread along the creek bottoms and hillsides where there once had been farms.
很快，大规模的伐木作业将使山脉变成陌生的景观，公司拥有的煤炭营地将沿着溪底和山坡蔓延，那里曾经是农场。
Notices in a local paper warned people not to trespass on recently acquired lands, including over 1,300 acres on the Tug river purchased from Anderson Hatfield.
当地报纸上的通知警告人们不要侵入最近购买的土地，其中包括从安德森·哈特菲尔德 (Anderson Hatfield) 购买的位于图格河 (Tug River) 的 1,300 多英亩土地。
Chuck Keeney, Historian: In the span of one generation, families went from being able to roam anywhere they wanted to go, owning their own homes, having their own land, to living on someone else’s land, living in a company house, not being able to go wherever they wanted to go.
历史学家查克·基尼：在一代人的时间里，家庭从能够随心所欲地漫游、拥有自己的房屋、拥有自己的土地，到住在别人的土地上、住在公司的房子里，却无法去任何他们想去的地方。
It’s not just that industrialization and the way in which they took the land stripped people of their way of life.
不仅仅是工业化及其夺取土地的方式剥夺了人们的生活方式。
It also in some ways stripped them of their identity.
它还在某些方面剥夺了他们的身份。
It’s a complete loss of control over your own destiny.
这是完全失去对自己命运的控制。
Steven Stoll, Historian: There is an explicit part of the urban narrative for the feud, which says that industrial extraction is, in fact, bringing them into the civilized world.
史蒂文·斯托尔（Steven Stoll），历史学家：城市叙事中有一个明确的部分是关于这场争斗的，它说工业开采实际上正在将他们带入文明世界。
It’s not ruining an older way of life; it’s replacing it with something which they badly need.
它并没有破坏旧的生活方式；而是它正在用他们急需的东西取代它。
The feud itself becomes evidence that the extractive economy moving into the mountains is doing them all a great favor.
这种不和本身就证明了采掘经济向山区的转移给他们带来了很大的好处。
As industry invaded the Tug Valley, Hatfields, McCoys and other mountain families either found ways to adapt to the new economic and social order, or chose to move out of Appalachia altogether, seeking factory jobs in cities or opportunities out west.
随着工业入侵塔格谷，哈特菲尔德、麦考伊和其他山区家庭要么找到了适应新的经济和社会秩序的方法，要么选择完全搬出阿巴拉契亚，在城市里寻找工厂工作或到西部寻找机会。
Randolph McCoy lived out his remaining years in Pikeville where he operated a ferry.
伦道夫·麦考伊在派克维尔度过了余生，他在那里经营一艘渡轮。
The trauma of the feud haunted him, and he told his story to whomever would listen.
这场不和的创伤困扰着他，他把自己的故事讲给任何愿意听的人。
He died at the age of eighty-eight in 1914.
1914 年去世，享年 88 岁。
Seven years later, thousands of people attended Anderson Hatfield’s funeral.
七年后，数千人参加了安德森·哈特菲尔德的葬礼。
By this time, many members of the Hatfield family there mourning his death had reinvented themselves.
此时，哀悼他去世的哈特菲尔德家族的许多成员已经重塑了自己。
They had successfully become part of the area’s growing middle class as coal company employees, politicians and lawyers.
作为煤炭公司员工、政客和律师，他们已成功成为该地区不断壮大的中产阶级的一部分。
To celebrate the memory of their patriarch, the family later erected a life-size marble statue over Anderson Hatfield’s grave.
为了纪念他们的族长，家人后来在安德森·哈特菲尔德的坟墓上竖立了一座真人大小的大理石雕像。
Kimberly McCoy, Descendant: A lot of people viewed us as uneducated people, savages, and that really has never been the case at all.
金伯利·麦考伊（Kimberly McCoy），后裔：很多人认为我们是没有受过教育的人，野蛮人，但事实并非如此。
People can call us whatever they want, but we’ve always been very proud people, very proud of our heritage, and very proud of our home place.
人们可以随意称呼我们，但我们一直是非常自豪的人，为我们的传统感到自豪，为我们的家乡感到自豪。
Sparked in large part by reports of the Hatfield-McCoy feud, the image of the hillbilly would permeate American popular culture.
很大程度上是由于哈特菲尔德与麦考伊不和的报道引发的，乡下人的形象渗透到了美国流行文化中。
Chuck Keeney, Historian: The Hatfield and McCoy Feud created the idea of this violent, backward, inbred type of culture that supposedly existed in this isolated pocket of America.
历史学家查克·基尼：哈特菲尔德和麦考伊之间的不和创造了这种暴力、落后、近亲繁殖的文化观念，据说这种文化存在于美国这个与世隔绝的地区。
Bill Richardson, Local Historian: A lot of people ask me, “Who are the winners and who are the losers in the feud?” In the long term, the people of Appalachia have been the losers because the negative opinions that the feud created is something that we live with even today.
比尔·理查森，当地历史学家：很多人问我，“这场争斗中谁是赢家，谁是输家？”从长远来看，阿巴拉契亚人民一直是失败者，因为即使在今天，我们仍然忍受着这种不和造成的负面意见。
Steven Stoll, Historian: The feud feeds into the notion of people who are unredeemable, and that the poverty in Appalachia is often not explained as the outcome of industrial development itself.
史蒂文·斯托尔（Steven Stoll），历史学家：这种世仇助长了人们不可救赎的观念，而且阿巴拉契亚的贫困往往不能被解释为工业发展本身的结果。
Their poverty is thrown back at them as their own fault.
他们的贫穷被归咎于他们自己的过错。
And I do think that that was absolutely implicit and even explicit in the way in which the feud has come down to us.
我确实认为，这绝对是隐含的，甚至是明确的，因为我们之间的不和已经发生了。
Watch a preview of the most famous family conflict in American history, the Hatfield-McCoy feud.
观看美国历史上最著名的家庭冲突——哈特菲尔德-麦考伊之争的预览。
Photographs of the real people in the Hatfield and the McCoy families, whose famously violent 19th century feud has shaped perceptions of Appalachian life.
哈特菲尔德家族和麦考伊家族真实人物的照片，他们在 19 世纪以暴力闻名，塑造了人们对阿巴拉契亚生活的看法。
In 1878, Randall McCoy accused a relative of Anderson “Devil Anse” Hatfield of stealing one of the McCoys’ hogs.
1878 年，兰德尔·麦考伊 (Randall McCoy) 指控安德森·“魔鬼安斯”·哈特菲尔德 (Anderson “Devil Anse” Hatfield) 的一位亲戚偷了麦考伊家的一头猪。
Anderson “Devil Anse” Hatfield earned a reputation for being fearless.
安德森·“魔鬼安斯”·哈特菲尔德因无所畏惧而闻名。