What Bullets Do To Bodies
The gun debate would change in an instant if Americans witnessed the horrors that trauma surgeons confront every day.
如果美国人亲眼目睹创伤外科医生每天面临的恐怖，关于枪支的争论将会立即改变。
The first thing Dr. Amy Goldberg told me is that this article would be pointless.
艾米·戈德堡博士告诉我的第一件事是这篇文章毫无意义。
She said this on a phone call last summer, well before the election, before a tangible sensation that facts were futile became a broader American phenomenon.
去年夏天，早在大选之前，她就在电话中说了这番话，当时“事实无用”的切实感觉已成为一种更广泛的美国现象。
I was interested in Goldberg because she has spent 30 years as a trauma surgeon, almost all of that at the same hospital, Temple University Hospital in North Philadelphia, which treats more gunshot victims than any other in the state and is located in what was, according to one analysis , the deadliest of the 10 largest cities in the country until last year, with a homicide rate of 17.8 murders per 100,000 residents in 2015.
我对戈德堡很感兴趣，因为她做了 30 年的创伤外科医生，几乎所有的时间都在同一家医院——费城北部的坦普尔大学医院完成，该医院治疗的枪击受害者比该州任何其他医院都多，并且根据一项分析，该医院位于去年之前是该国 10 个最大城市中死亡最严重的城市，2015 年的凶杀率为每 10 万居民 17.8 起谋杀案。
Over my years of reporting here, I had heard stories about Temple’s trauma team.
在我在这里报道的这些年里，我听说过有关坦普尔创伤小组的故事。
A city prosecutor who handled shooting investigations once told me that the surgeons were able to piece people back together after the most horrific acts of violence.
一位负责枪击调查的城市检察官曾经告诉我，外科医生能够在最可怕的暴力行为发生后将人们重新组装起来。
People went into the hospital damaged beyond belief and came walking out.
人们走进医院时都受到了难以置信的伤害，然后又走出去。
That stuck with me.
这让我很困扰。
I wondered what surgeons know about gun violence that the rest of us don’t.
我想知道外科医生对枪支暴力了解多少而我们其他人不了解。
We are inundated with news about shootings.
我们被有关枪击事件的新闻淹没。
Fourteen dead in San Bernardino, six in Michigan, 11 over one weekend in Chicago.
圣贝纳迪诺有 14 人死亡，密歇根州有 6 人死亡，芝加哥一个周末有 11 人死亡。
We get names, places, anguished Facebook posts, wonky articles full of statistics on crime rates and risk, Twitter arguments about the Second Amendment—everything except the blood, the pictures of bodies torn by bullets.
我们得到姓名、地点、痛苦的 Facebook 帖子、充满犯罪率和风险统计数据的古怪文章、推特上关于第二修正案的争论——除了血、被子弹撕裂的尸体的照片之外的一切。
That part is concealed, sanitized.
该部分被隐藏、消毒。
More than 30,000 people die of gunshot wounds each year in America, around 75,000 more are injured, and we have no visceral sense of what physically happens inside a person when he’s shot.
在美国，每年有超过 30,000 人死于枪伤，还有大约 75,000 人受伤，而我们对一个人中弹时身体内部发生的情况没有任何本能的感觉。
Goldberg does.
戈德堡确实如此。
Even though Amy Goldberg has been treating gun patients for 30 years, the sense of horror has never completely gone away.
尽管艾米·戈德堡已经治疗枪支患者 30 年了，但恐惧感却从未完全消失。
On the cover: A bullet she keeps in her office.
封面上：她办公室里保存的一颗子弹。
She pulled it out of a patient's heart during her residency.
她在住院期间将其从患者心脏中取出。
She is the chair of Temple’s Department of Surgery, one of only 16 women in America to hold that position at a hospital.
她是天普医院外科主任，也是美国仅有的 16 名在医院担任该职位的女性之一。
In my initial conversation with her, which took place shortly after the mass shooting in Orlando, where 49 people were killed and 53 injured by a man who walked into a gay nightclub with a semi-automatic rifle and a Glock handgun, she was joined by Scott Charles, the hospital’s trauma outreach coordinator and Goldberg’s longtime friend.
奥兰多发生大规模枪击事件后不久，一名男子手持半自动步枪和格洛克手枪走进一家同性恋夜总会，造成 49 人死亡、53 人受伤。在我与她的初次谈话中，医院的创伤外展协调员、戈德伯格的老朋友斯科特·查尔斯也加入了她的谈话。
Goldberg has a southeastern Pennsylvania accent that at low volume makes her sound like a sweet South Philly grandmother and at higher volume becomes a razor.
戈德堡有宾夕法尼亚州东南部口音，音量较低时，她听起来像一位甜美的南费城祖母，音量较高时，她听起来就像一把剃刀。
I asked her what changes in gun violence she had seen in her 30 years.
我问她 30 年来枪支暴力发生了哪些变化。
She said not many.
她说不多。
When she first arrived at Temple in 1987 to start her residency, “It was so obvious to me then that there was something so wrong.” Since then, the types of firearms have evolved.
1987 年，当她第一次到达坦普尔开始住院医师实习时，“当时我就很明显地发现出了什么问题。”从那时起，枪支的类型不断发展。
The surgeons used to see .22-caliber bullets from little handguns, Saturday night specials, whereas now they see .40-caliber and 9 mm bullets.
周六晚上的特价节目中，外科医生过去常常看到小手枪中的 0.22 口径子弹，而现在他们看到的是 0.40 口径和 9 毫米子弹。
Charles said they get the occasional victim of a long gun, such as an AR-15 or an AK-47, “but what’s remarkable is how common handguns are.”
查尔斯说，他们偶尔会遇到 AR-15 或 AK-47 等长枪的受害者，“但值得注意的是手枪是多么常见。”
Goldberg jumped in.
戈德堡跳了进来。
“As a country,” Goldberg said, “we lost our teachable moment.” She started talking about the 2012 murder of 20 schoolchildren and six adults at Sandy Hook Elementary School.
“作为一个国家，”戈德伯格说，“我们失去了受教育的时刻。”她开始谈论 2012 年桑迪胡克小学 20 名学童和 6 名成人被谋杀的事件。
Goldberg said that if people had been shown the autopsy photos of the kids, the gun debate would have been transformed.
戈德堡说，如果人们看到孩子们的尸检照片，关于枪支的争论就会发生转变。
“The fact that not a single one of those kids was able to be transported to a hospital, tells me that they were not just dead, but really really really really dead.
“这些孩子中没有一个能够被送往医院，这一事实告诉我，他们不仅死了，而且真的死了。
Ten-year-old kids, riddled with bullets, dead as doornails.” Her voice rose.
十岁的孩子，浑身是弹孔，死得像门钉一样。”她的声音提高了。
She said people have to confront the physical reality of gun violence without the polite filters.
她说，人们必须在没有礼貌的过滤下面对枪支暴力的现实现实。
“The country won’t be ready for it, but that’s what needs to happen.
“这个国家还没有做好准备，但这就是需要发生的事情。
That’s the only chance at all for this to ever be reversed.”
这是扭转局面的唯一机会。”
She dropped back into a softer register.
她的语气又变得更加柔和。
“Nobody gives two shits about the black people in North Philadelphia if nobody gives two craps about the white kids in Sandy Hook.
“如果没有人对桑迪胡克的白人孩子说两句废话，那么就没有人对北费城的黑人说两句废话。
… I thought white little kids getting shot would make people care.
......我认为白人小孩被枪杀会让人们关心。
Nope.
不。
They didn’t care.
他们不在乎。
Anderson Cooper was up there.
安德森·库珀就在那里。
They set up shop.
他们开店了。
And then the public outrage fades.”
然后公众的愤怒就会消退。”
Goldberg apologized and said she wasn’t trying to stop me from writing a story.
戈德堡道歉并说她并不是想阻止我写故事。
She just didn’t expect it to change anything.
她只是没想到这会改变什么。
The hospital’s main building is a nine-story tower on North Broad, the street that traces a north-south line through Philadelphia.
医院的主楼是北布罗德大街上的一座九层塔楼，这条街道是贯穿费城的南北线。
If you think of Broad as the city’s spinal column, the hospital is about level with the heart.
如果你把布罗德视为城市的脊柱，那么医院就与心脏处于同一水平线。
Stand on the sidewalk outside the hospital and look south on a clear day and you can see the pale marble and granite of City Hall, about 4 miles away, near Philly’s pelvis.
天气晴朗时，站在医院外的人行道上向南看，您可以看到约 4 英里外、靠近费城骨盆的市政厅的苍白大理石和花岗岩。
You can go to Temple for high-end elective surgery, like getting a knee replacement or a heart transplant, same as at any other major teaching hospital in the country.
您可以去天普医院进行高端择期手术，例如膝关节置换术或心脏移植手术，就像在该国任何其他主要教学医院一样。
As Jeremy Walter, Temple Hospital’s amiable director of media relations, reminded me more than once, “Temple isn’t just a hospital that treats drug addicts and gun victims.” Still, it was founded 125 years ago by a Samaritan to provide free care, and that public-service mission persists.
正如坦普尔医院和蔼可亲的媒体关系总监杰里米·沃尔特 (Jeremy Walter) 不止一次提醒我的那样，“坦普尔医院不仅仅是一家治疗吸毒者和枪支受害者的医院。”尽管如此，该机构于 125 年前由一位撒玛利亚人创立，旨在提供免费护理，并且其公共服务使命始终如一。
Some of the most violent blocks in the city are within a 4-mile radius of the hospital, and crime victims funnel in.
该市一些最暴力的街区就在医院方圆 4 英里的范围内，犯罪受害者纷纷涌入。
I first met Goldberg one weekday last summer, in the hospital lobby.
我第一次见到戈德堡是去年夏天的一个工作日，在医院大厅。
I had arranged to stay and observe for 24 hours, accompanied every moment by Walter, who carried a trauma pager and a yellow folder of consent forms.
我安排留下来观察 24 小时，沃尔特每时每刻都陪伴着我，他带着一个创伤寻呼机和一个黄色的同意书文件夹。
The rule was that I could observe a surgery if the patient or a family member consented, and if I wanted to do an interview, the patient had to sign a form.
规则是，如果病人或家属同意，我可以旁听手术，如果我想采访，病人必须签署一份表格。
Goldberg is 5 feet 2 inches tall, with a runner’s build.
戈德堡身高 5 英尺 2 英寸，具有跑步者的体格。
She wore a gray mock-turtleneck sweater with no sleeves.
她穿着一件没有袖子的灰色高领毛衣。
Her hair is short and there was a little gel in it that made it spiky.
她的头发很短，里面有一点发胶，使它变得尖尖的。
She explained that there are two main categories of trauma: blunt and penetrating.
她解释说，创伤主要有两类：钝性创伤和穿透性创伤。
Blunt trauma is like a beating, a fall.
钝性创伤就像殴打、跌倒。
Penetrating is a gun or stab wound.
穿透伤是枪伤或刺伤。
“Unfortunately we get a lot of penetrating traumas,” she said.
“不幸的是，我们受到了很多穿透性创伤，”她说。
Temple sees 2,500 to 3,000 traumas per year, around 450 of which were gunshot wounds in 2016.
坦普尔每年发生 2,500 至 3,000 起创伤事件，其中 2016 年约有 450 起是枪伤。
The trauma pager buzzed shortly after noon.
中午过后不久，创伤寻呼机就响起了嗡嗡声。
LEVEL 1 PED, it said—a pedestrian struck by a car.
1 级 PED，它说——行人被汽车撞倒。
I followed Goldberg to the ER, and she disappeared behind a windowless set of double doors, into the trauma resuscitation area.
我跟着戈德堡去了急诊室，她消失在一组没有窗户的双门后面，进入创伤复苏区。
A few moments later she emerged and waved me inside.
过了一会儿，她出现了，挥手让我进去。
The trauma unit at Temple University Hospital, in a rare moment of calm.
天普大学医院的创伤科迎来了罕见的平静时刻。
The trauma area is a rectangular room with three bays, each of which can accommodate two patients side by side when it’s busy.
创伤区是一个长方形的房间，有三个开间，每个开间可在繁忙时并排容纳两名患者。
It’s an organized place—there are small trays on wheels for different surgical procedures, each tray holding a particular complement of instruments—but the tubes and cables snaking from poles and machines make it feel a bit chaotic to the untrained eye.
这是一个井井有条的地方——轮子上有小托盘，用于不同的外科手术，每个托盘都装有一套特定的器械——但从杆子和机器上蜿蜒的管道和电缆让未经训练的人感觉有点混乱。
The goal of a trauma surgeon is to limit the amount of time that a patient spends in a trauma bay, to stabilize the patient until he can be transferred for a CT scan or to the OR for surgery.
创伤外科医生的目标是限制病人在创伤室停留的时间，稳定病人的情况，直到他可以被转移进行 CT 扫描或转移到手术室进行手术。
The temperature in the room feels about five degrees hotter than in the rest of the hospital.
房间里的温度感觉比医院其他地方高出五度左右。
The air doesn’t seem to move.
空气似乎没有流动。
The pedestrian was awake but silent.
行人醒着，但沉默不语。
This concerned Goldberg because by all rights he should have been screaming in pain.
这让戈德堡很担心，因为按理说他应该痛苦地尖叫。
He looked to be in his late 20s.
他看起来二十多岁。
He had black hair and his shirt had been removed.
他有一头黑发，衬衫已被脱掉。
He spoke Spanish.
他说西班牙语。
There was a laceration above his right eye and a small amount of blood on the sheets near his head.
他的右眼上方有一道裂伤，头部附近的床单上有少量血迹。
Goldberg and about 20 other doctors and nurses in blue scrubs clustered around him, checking vital signs, asking questions.
戈德堡和其他大约 20 名身穿蓝色工作服的医生和护士聚集在他周围，检查生命体征，提出问题。
Goldberg wore purple latex gloves.
戈德堡戴着紫色乳胶手套。
She tapped lightly on the patient’s left forearm with one hand.
她用一只手轻轻敲击病人的左前臂。
The arm was broken.
手臂断了。
“ No dolor ?” she asked in Spanish.
“没有悲伤吗？”她用西班牙语问道。
No pain?
不痛吗？
He shook his head.
他摇摇头。
“Really?” she said.
“真的吗？”她说。
“No?”
“不？”
Goldberg walked over to another doctor and said, “So are you troubled by the fact that he’s not screaming?
戈德堡走到另一位医生面前说道：“那么你对他没有尖叫感到不安吗？
He has an arm that’s so freaking broken and he’s not screaming.” She frowned.
他的手臂严重骨折，但他却没有尖叫。”她皱起眉头。
“I’m troubled by that.”
“我对此感到困扰。”
The patient’s vital signs appeared stable but Goldberg was worried about internal bleeding.
病人的生命体征看起来很稳定，但戈德堡担心内出血。
A lack of pain could indicate a hidden injury.
缺乏疼痛可能表明存在隐藏的伤害。
He needed a CT scan.
他需要进行 CT 扫描。
Staff wheeled the patient out of the trauma unit and into a nearby procedure room for the scan.
工作人员将患者推出创伤科并进入附近的手术室进行扫描。
Goldberg took off her latex gloves and threw them in a biohazard trash can.
戈德堡脱下乳胶手套，把它们扔进生物危害垃圾桶。
Two police officers had been observing from a distance with pens in hand and notepads open.
两名警察手持笔，打开记事本，在远处观察。
One of the cops, a large man with a buzzcut, got Goldberg’s attention by saying, “Doc.”
其中一名警察是个留着寸头的大个子，他说“医生”引起了戈德堡的注意。
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The officer asked what the police should put down in their report for the patient’s condition.
警官询问警方应该在报告中记录患者病情的哪些内容。
She said critical.
她说批评。
This has been Goldberg’s policy for years, she explained to me as she exited the trauma bay and walked down a hallway toward the CT scanner.
这是戈德堡多年来的政策，她在离开创伤室并沿着走廊走向 CT 扫描仪时向我解释道。
“I always make the patients critical until I know they’re fine.
“我总是让病人变得很挑剔，直到我知道他们没事。
It’s a jinx thing.”
这是一个恶咒的事情。”
Goldberg is superstitious.
戈德堡很迷信。
On days when she’s on call, she shaves her legs.
在她值班的日子里，她会刮腿毛。
She can’t say why, she just started doing it years ago and now she will not deviate.
她也说不上来为什么，她几年前就开始这么做了，现在她不会再偏离了。
She’s been wearing the same style of tan Timberlands for 15 years; her current pair, given to her by a colleague when she became chair of surgery, has the Temple logo inked on the heels.
15 年来，她一直穿着同样款式的棕褐色 Timberlands 鞋。她现在穿的这双鞋是她担任外科主任时一位同事送给她的，鞋跟上印有坦普尔标志。
She parks her gray BMW in the same spot every time.
她每次都把灰色宝马车停在同一个地方。
“It’s so hard to take care of patients without making mistakes that you need every edge.” She recently hired a sports psychologist to talk to the residents about strategies for peak performance.
“照顾病人而不犯错误是非常困难的，所以你需要每一个优势。”她最近聘请了一位运动心理学家与居民讨论最佳表现的策略。
Visualization.
可视化。
Positive self-talk.
积极的自我对话。
Breathing.
呼吸。
For most of her career, she has stopped at the same Dunkin’ Donuts to order a large coffee with cream and two Sweet‘N Lows.
在她职业生涯的大部分时间里，她都会在同一家 Dunkin’ Donuts 点一杯大杯奶油咖啡和两杯 Sweet‘N Lows。
A few years ago, the store stopped carrying Sweet‘N Low so she bought a box and left it there; they keep it under the counter for her.
几年前，商店不再出售 Sweet‘N Low，所以她买了一盒并把它留在那里；他们把它藏在柜台下给她。
“It’s pink,” she told me once.
“它是粉红色的，”她有一次告诉我。
“Sweet‘N Low is pink, Equal is blue, Splenda is yellow.
“Sweet‘N Low 是粉色，Equal 是蓝色，Splenda 是黄色。
And that is how you have to build a good system, believe it or not.
不管你信不信，这就是你必须建立一个好的系统的方式。
So nobody makes a mistake.”
所以没有人会犯错。”
Goldberg, a superstitious sort, has been wearing Timberlands on the job for 15 years.
Goldberg 是个迷信的人，他在工作中穿着 Timberlands 已经有 15 年了。
In the hallway next to the ER, she opened a door and I followed her into a small darkened room where six young doctors sat at computers.
在急诊室旁边的走廊里，她打开了一扇门，我跟着她走进一间昏暗的小房间，里面有六名年轻的医生坐在电脑前。
A window looked into the bay next door that held the CT scanner.
一扇窗户可以看到隔壁装有 CT 扫描仪的隔间。
“Billie Jean” played at low volume from a tinny speaker.
一个小扬声器以低音量播放着“Billie Jean”。
Goldberg watched through the window as staff moved the patient from his gurney onto the bed of the machine.
戈德伯格透过窗户看到工作人员将病人从轮床上移到机器床上。
He cried out.
他大声喊道。
Goldberg said, “That seems more appropriate.” Now they gave him some pain medicine.
戈德堡说：“这似乎更合适。”现在他们给了他一些止痛药。
She looked at me and winced.
她看着我，皱起了眉头。
“He has a broken humerus.
“他的肱骨骨折了。
I mean, you can feel it.” She streaked the thumb of her right hand against her fingers.
我的意思是，你能感觉到。”她用右手的拇指在手指上划过。
“It’s one of my least favorite injuries.
“这是我最不喜欢的伤病之一。
You can feel the bones rubbing together.” The CT scan showed some clotted blood in the patient’s head, appearing on the screen as patches of white.
你可以感觉到骨头摩擦在一起。” CT 扫描显示患者头部有一些血凝块，在屏幕上显示为白色斑块。
Goldberg ordered some additional scans.
戈德堡订购了一些额外的扫描。
When a shooting comes across the trauma pager, the code is GSW.
当创伤寻呼机发生枪击事件时，代码是 GSW。
There were no GSWs that night, only assaults.
那天晚上没有 GSW，只有袭击。
One patient was an older man who had been beaten up and complained of stomach pain.
一名患者是一位年长男子，曾被殴打并抱怨胃痛。
Another had been stabbed in the abdomen during a fight.
另一人在打斗中腹部被刺伤。
His assailant was brought in too, in handcuffs, a white-haired man in a red T-shirt, his left eye bloodied and swollen shut.
袭击他的人也被带了进来，戴着手铐，是一名身穿红色T恤的白发男子，左眼血迹斑斑，肿得睁不开。
The injuries weren’t life-threatening.
伤势没有生命危险。
Goldberg attended to the patients in the trauma unit.
戈德堡在创伤科照顾病人。
When she wasn’t there, she went on rounds, taking the elevator up to the eighth and ninth floors to check in with patients recovering from earlier traumas.
当她不在的时候，她就去巡视，乘电梯到八楼和九楼，查看那些从早期创伤中恢复过来的病人。
She walked fast from one place to the other and I would lose her sometimes behind corners and doors and she’d have to double back for me.
她快速地从一个地方走到另一个地方，有时我会在角落和门后面迷失她，她不得不折回来接我。
These are busy shifts even when there aren’t a lot of fresh traumas coming in.
即使没有太多新的创伤发生，这些轮班也是忙碌的。
During a down moment Goldberg mentioned that she was thinking about scaling back her call schedule now that she’s chair of surgery, with large administrative and educational responsibilities.
在心情低落的时候，戈德堡提到，既然她担任外科主任，肩负着大量的行政和教育责任，她正在考虑缩减通话时间。
“I’ve been doing this 30 years,” she said.
“我已经这样做了 30 年，”她说。
“Do I need to be on call?
“我需要随叫随到吗？
Do I need to do Saturdays?”
我需要周六去吗？”
The pager stayed quiet overnight and through late morning, when Goldberg’s call shift ended.
传呼机一整夜都保持安静，直到上午晚些时候，戈德堡的呼叫轮班结束。
I arranged to return and shadow her again on her next shift, in two days.
我安排在两天后的下一个轮班时再次回来跟踪她。
I left the hospital before lunch.
午饭前我离开了医院。
The following morning the trauma pager blew up.
第二天早上，外伤寻呼机爆炸了。
LEVEL 1 GSW TO CHEST.
1 级 GSW 至胸部。
LEVEL 1 MULTIPLE GSW TRANSFER FROM EPISC (Episcopal Hospital).
来自 EPISC（圣公会医院）的 1 级多次 GSW 转移。
LEVEL 1 SECOND GSW MALE.
1 级第二位 GSW 男性。
Goldberg didn’t know much about guns or gun violence until she got to Temple.
在到达坦普尔之前，戈德堡对枪支或枪支暴力知之甚少。
She grew up in the quiet Philadelphia suburb of Broomall.
她在安静的费城郊区布鲁莫尔长大。
Her father owned a dairy business in the city, her mother was a schoolteacher.
她的父亲在城里拥有一家乳制品企业，她的母亲是一名教师。
She was an intense kid who really believed the religious ideas she was learning at Jewish summer camp “in a big, bad way.” When she was 11, she woke up to see a light through her window and feel a tremor underfoot, and she wondered if it was God’s doing.
她是一个热情的孩子，她“以一种大而坏的方式”真正相信她在犹太夏令营中学到的宗教观念。当她11岁时，她醒来时看到窗外有光，感到脚下在颤抖，她想知道这是否是上帝的作为。
She went on to study psychology at the University of Pennsylvania and medicine at Mount Sinai in New York.
她继续在宾夕法尼亚大学学习心理学，并在纽约西奈山学习医学。
She particularly loved anatomy.
她特别喜欢解剖学。
“It’s a miracle,” she told me.
“这是一个奇迹，”她告诉我。
“The creation of a person, you know.
“你知道，一个人的创造。
It’s the heart beating and the lungs bringing air.
这是心脏的跳动和肺部带来的空气。
It is so miraculous.” Surgery, for Goldberg, was a way of honoring the miracle.
这真是太神奇了。”对于戈德堡来说，手术是纪念这一奇迹的一种方式。
And trauma surgery was the ultimate form of appreciation, because a surgeon in trauma experienced so much variety.
创伤手术是欣赏的终极形式，因为创伤外科医生经历了如此多的变化。
She might be operating on the carotid artery in the neck, or the heart in the chest, or the large bowel or small bowel in the abdomen, or the femoral artery in the thigh, at any given moment, on any given night.
她可能在任何特定的时刻、任何特定的夜晚对颈部的颈动脉、胸部的心脏、腹部的大肠或小肠、或大腿的股动脉进行手术。
In her first or second year of residency at Temple, when she was in her mid-20s, she helped treat a young boy who had been shot in the chest by his sibling who picked up a loaded gun that was lying around.
在坦普尔住院医师实习的第一年或第二年，当时她20多岁，她帮助治疗了一名小男孩，这名男孩的胸部被他的兄弟姐妹捡起一把散落在地上的上膛的枪击中。
The doctors couldn’t save him.
医生无法挽救他的生命。
The senselessness made her so angry.
这种无知的感觉让她非常生气。
Goldberg listened as a senior resident informed the boy’s mother.
戈德伯格听着一名高级住院医师向男孩的母亲讲述情况。
“I’m sorry,” the resident said, “he has passed.” The mother didn’t react; she didn’t seem to understand what she had just heard.
“对不起，”居民说，“他已经去世了。”母亲没有反应；她似乎不明白自己刚才听到的话。
Goldberg spoke up.
戈德堡发话了。
“He died.
“他死了。
We’re so sorry.
我们很抱歉。
He died.” It was a lesson: Be direct.
他死了。”这是一个教训：要直接。
“You have to find a very compassionate way of being honest,” she said.
“你必须找到一种非常富有同情心的诚实方式，”她说。
“You think you know what happens here?
“你以为你知道这里发生了什么吗？
Because I thought I knew.
因为我以为我知道。
But there’s nothing that can prepare you.”
但没有什么可以让你做好准备。”
She finished her residency in 1992 and decided to stay at Temple, and the feeling of wrongness only intensified.
1992 年，她完成了住院医师实习，决定留在天普大学，这种错误的感觉愈演愈烈。
There was a teenage boy in August 1992 who was shot in the heart.
1992 年 8 月，一名十几岁的男孩心脏中弹。
His heart stopped beating.
他的心脏停止了跳动。
Goldberg revived it.
戈德堡复活了它。
He lived.
他活了下来。
But some weeks later he came in again, with a shooting injury to his brachial artery, in the upper arm.
但几周后，他再次入院，上臂肱动脉中弹受伤。
He almost bled out, almost died again, but the surgeons got him back, again.
他差点失血过多，差点再次死去，但外科医生再次把他救了回来。
“And then of course the third time he came in, he was shot through the head, and he was dead,” Goldberg said.
“当然，当他第三次进来时，他的头部中弹，然后就死了，”戈德堡说。
She started thinking that Temple should find a way to intervene—to try to talk to patients while they’re in the hospital so they would never need to come back.
她开始认为坦普尔应该找到一种干预方法——尝试在病人住院时与他们交谈，这样他们就永远不需要回来了。
But she didn’t have the authority yet.
但她还没有这个权力。
She was just a trauma surgeon, a good one, and getting better.
她只是一名创伤外科医生，一名优秀的外科医生，而且正在变得越来越好。
She had good hands and good judgment and a methodical approach to the craft.
她有一双灵巧的双手、良好的判断力和有条不紊的工艺方法。
And as five years stretched into 10, and 10 into 20, Goldberg built up a deep well of experience in doing the things that are necessary to save the lives of gun victims, the things that are never shown on TV or in movies, the things that stay hidden behind hospital walls and allow Americans to imagine whatever they like about the effects of bullets or not to imagine anything at all.
随着五年延长到十年，十年延长到二十年，戈德伯格积累了丰富的经验，从事拯救枪支受害者生命所必需的事情，这些事情从未在电视或电影中展示过，那些隐藏在医院墙后的事情，让美国人可以想象他们喜欢的子弹效果或根本不想象任何事情。
“You think you know what happens here?” Scott Charles asked me.
“你认为你知道这里发生了什么吗？”斯科特·查尔斯问我。
“Because I thought I knew.
“因为我以为我知道。
But there’s nothing that can prepare you for what bullets do to human bodies.
但没有任何东西可以让你为子弹对人体造成的伤害做好准备。
And that’s true for pro-gun people also.”
对于支持枪支的人来说也是如此。”
The main thing people get wrong when they imagine being shot is that they think the bullet itself is the problem.
当人们想象被枪击时，他们犯的主要错误是他们认为子弹本身就是问题所在。
The lump of metal lodged in the body.
金属块卡在了身体里。
The action-movie hero is shot in the stomach; he limps to a safe house; he takes off his shirt, removes the bullet with a tweezer, and now he is better.
这位动作片英雄腹部中弹；他一瘸一拐地来到安全屋；他脱掉衬衫，用镊子取出子弹，现在好多了。
This is not trauma surgery.
这不是创伤手术。
Trauma surgery is about fixing the damage the bullet causes as it rips through muscle and vessel and organ and bone.
创伤手术是为了修复子弹撕裂肌肉、血管、器官和骨骼时造成的损伤。
The bullet can stay in the body just fine.
子弹能留在体内就好了。
But the bleeding has to be contained, even if the patient is awake and screaming because a tube has just been pushed into his chest cavity through a deep incision without the aid of general anesthesia (no time; the patient gets an injection of lidocaine).
但必须控制出血，即使病人醒着并尖叫，因为一根管子刚刚通过深切口推入他的胸腔，没有全身麻醉的帮助（没有时间；病人注射利多卡因）。
And if the heart has stopped, it must be restarted before the brain dies from a lack of oxygen.
如果心脏停止跳动，就必须在大脑因缺氧而死亡之前重新启动。
It is not a gentle process.
这不是一个温和的过程。
Some of the surgeon’s tools look like things you’d buy at Home Depot.
一些外科医生的工具看起来就像你在家得宝购买的东西。
In especially serious cases, 70 times at Temple last year, the surgeons will crack a chest right there in the trauma area.
在特别严重的病例中，去年在坦普尔医院，外科医生会在创伤区域开裂 70 次胸部。
The technical name is a thoracotomy.
技术名称是胸廓切开术。
A patient comes in unconscious, maybe in cardiac arrest, and Goldberg has to get into the cavity to see what is going on.
一名病人失去知觉，可能是心脏骤停，戈德堡必须进入腔内看看发生了什么。
With a scalpel, she makes an incision below the nipple and cuts 6 to 10 inches down the torso, through skin, through the layer of fatty tissue, through the muscles.
她用手术刀在乳头下方切开一个切口，然后沿着躯干切开 6 至 10 英寸，穿过皮肤、脂肪组织层和肌肉。
Into the opening she inserts a rib-spreader, a large metal instrument with a hand crank.
她将肋骨扩张器插入开口，这是一种带有手动曲柄的大型金属仪器。
It pulls open the ribs and locks them into place so the surgeons can reach the inner organs.
它拉开肋骨并将其锁定到位，以便外科医生能够到达内部器官。
Every so often, she may also have to break the patient’s sternum—a bilateral thoracotomy.
有时，她可能还必须打破病人的胸骨——双侧开胸手术。
This is done with a tool called a Lebsche knife.
这是用一种叫做 Lebsche 刀的工具完成的。
It’s a metal rod with a sharp blade on one end that hooks under the breastbone.
它是一根一端带有锋利刀片的金属棒，可钩在胸骨下方。
Goldberg takes a silver hammer.
戈德堡拿起一把银锤。
It looks like—a hammer.
它看起来像——一把锤子。
She hits the top of the Lebsche knife with the hammer until it cuts through the sternum.
她用锤子敲击莱布歇刀的顶部，直到它切穿胸骨。
“You never forget that sound,” one of the Temple nurses told me.
“你永远不会忘记那个声音，”坦普尔的一位护士告诉我。
“It’s like a tink, tink, tink.
“就像叮当声、叮当声、叮当声。
And it sounds like metal, but you know it’s bone.
听起来像金属，但你知道它是骨头。
You know like when you see on television, when people are working on the railroad, hammering the ties?”
你知道吗，就像你在电视上看到的那样，人们在铁路上工作，敲打着枕木？”
“It’s just the worst,” Charles told me.
“这只是最糟糕的，”查尔斯告诉我。
“They’re breaking bone.
“他们正在骨折。
And everybody—every body —has its own kind of quality.
每个人——每个身体——都有自己的品质。
And sometimes there’s a big guy you’ll hear, and it’s the echo—the sound that comes out of the room.
有时你会听到一个大家伙的声音，这就是回声——从房间里传出来的声音。
There’s some times when it doesn’t affect me, and there are some times when it makes my knees shake, when I know what’s going on in there.”
有时它不会影响我，有时它会让我的膝盖发抖，但我知道里面发生了什么。”
Some of the simple tools surgeons employ in the trauma bay, including the Lebsche knife and silver hammer used to break the sternum while opening chest cavities.
外科医生在创伤室使用的一些简单工具，包括莱布歇刀和银锤，用于在打开胸腔时打破胸骨。
Now the chest is open, and Goldberg can work.
现在箱子打开了，戈德堡可以工作了。
If the heart has stopped, she can try to get it beating again.
如果心脏停止跳动，她可以尝试让它再次跳动。
This may involve open cardiac massage—literally holding the heart in her hands and massaging it to get blood flowing up to the brain again.
这可能涉及开放式心脏按摩——实际上是把心脏握在手里并按摩它，让血液再次流向大脑。
If there’s bleeding in the cavity, she can control it by putting a metal clamp on the heart or on the lung.
如果腔内出血，她可以通过在心脏或肺部放置金属夹来控制出血。
She can also clamp the aorta, the largest artery in the body, so that instead of the blood going down into the bowels, where it’s needed less, the blood goes up to the brain.
她还可以夹住主动脉（体内最大的动脉），这样血液就不会流向需要较少的肠道，而是流向大脑。
“These crossing bullets are just so challenging,” she said.
“这些交叉的子弹真是太具有挑战性了，”她说。
“Where is the injury?
“哪里受伤了？
Is it in the chest?
是在胸口吗？
Is it in the abdomen?
是在腹部吗？
You’re down there, looking, and sometimes you find it, and sometimes you don’t.
你在下面寻找，有时你找到了，有时却找不到。
And sometimes it just really hurts as you work your way through.” She meant that it hurts when patients suffer.
有时，当你努力克服困难时，真的会很痛苦。”她的意思是，当病人受苦时，会很痛苦。
Hurts them and hurts her.
伤害了他们，也伤害了她。
There are some gun victims who die quickly, right there in the trauma bay, or soon after being transferred up to the OR.
有些枪支受害者很快就死了，就在创伤室，或者在被转移到手术室后不久。
Others develop cascades of life-threatening complications in the following days that surgeons race to manage.
其他人在接下来的几天内出现一系列危及生命的并发症，外科医生竞相处理。
Goldberg said she saw a movie a few years ago that captures what it’s like to operate under these conditions.
戈德伯格说，她几年前看过一部电影，讲述了在这些条件下工作的感受。
It was a documentary about the 33 Chilean miners who were trapped underground for months in 2010.
这是一部关于 2010 年 33 名智利矿工被困地下数月的纪录片。
“They interviewed them all.
“他们采访了所有人。
And the miner that had the hardest time down there was the youngest guy.
那里最辛苦的矿工是最年轻的人。
Not the oldest guy.
不是最年长的人。
It was the youngest guy.
那是最年轻的一个。
And they said, why?
他们说，为什么？
Why did you have such a hard time?
为什么你过得这么艰难？
And he said, God and the Devil were with me.” Goldberg thought that was perfect.
他说，上帝和魔鬼与我同在。”戈德堡认为这是完美的。
“That’s what I had been searching for, for years, in how you feel in the operating room.
“这就是我多年来一直在寻找的，就是你在手术室里的感受。
God and the Devil are with you.
上帝和魔鬼与你同在。
You start a case.
你开始一个案子。
A young person.
一个年轻人。
Shot.
射击。
They come in talking.
他们进来说话。
You go upstairs.
你上楼吧。
They have this devastating injury.
他们遭受了毁灭性的伤害。
The Devil.
魔鬼。
You suck.
你真糟糕。
You’re gonna kill this guy.
你会杀了这个人的。
You call yourself a good trauma surgeon.
你称自己为一名优秀的创伤外科医生。
You’re the worst .
你是最糟糕的。
And you just plow ahead and plow ahead and plow ahead.
你只需耕耘，耕耘，耕耘。
You find what’s injured.
你找到受伤的地方。
You control it.
你控制它。
God.
天哪。
Oh, you are the best.
哦，你是最棒的。
You’ve done a great job .
你做得很好。
Then you’re working.
然后你就开始工作了。
You find another injury you didn’t expect.
你又发现了意想不到的伤害。
You suck, you suck, you suck .”
你太烂了，你太烂了，你太烂了。”
During trauma surgery, tissue in the lower extremities can die, causing gangrene, in which case surgeons might have to amputate the leg at higher and higher points, first at the shin, then at the knee, then at the thigh.
在创伤手术期间，下肢的组织可能会死亡，导致坏疽，在这种情况下，外科医生可能不得不在越来越高的位置截肢，首先是胫骨，然后是膝盖，然后是大腿。
It’s possible for a surgeon to get distracted by the wrong wound.
外科医生可能会因为错误的伤口而分心。
The most dangerous wounds don’t always look the worst.
最危险的伤口并不总是看起来最糟糕。
People can get shot in the head and they’re leaking bits of brain from a hole in the skull and that’s not the fatal wound; the fatal wound is from another bullet that ripped through the chest.
人们的头部可能会被击中，他们的大脑碎片会从头骨上的一个洞中漏出，但这并不是致命的伤口；致命的伤口是另一颗子弹穿过胸部造成的。
One patient a few years ago was shot in the face with a shotgun at close range over some money owed.
几年前，一名病人因欠了一些钱，被近距离用霰弹枪射中脸部。
He pulled his coat up over his mangled face and walked to the ER of one of Temple’s sister hospitals, approaching a nurse.
他拉起外套遮住受伤的脸，然后走到坦普尔一家姊妹医院的急诊室，走近一名护士。
She looked at him.
她看着他。
He lowered the coat.
他放下外套。
The nurse thought to herself what you might expect a person to think in such a situation: “Daaaaaamn.” He was stabilized, then transferred to Temple.
护士心里想，在这种情况下，一个人可能会怎么想：“Daaaaaamn。”他的情况稳定下来，然后被转移到坦普尔。
He lived.
他活了下来。
The price of survival is often lasting disability.
生存的代价往往是永久残疾。
Some patients, often young guys, wind up carrying around colostomy bags for the rest of their lives because they can’t poop normally anymore.
一些患者（通常是年轻人）最终会终生随身携带结肠造口袋，因为他们无法再正常排便。
They poop through a “stoma,” a hole in the abdomen.
它们通过“造口”（腹部的一个洞）排便。
“They’re so angry,” Goldberg said.
“他们非常生气，”戈德堡说。
“They should be angry.” Some are paralyzed by bullets that sever the spinal column.
“他们应该生气。”有些人因子弹切断脊柱而瘫痪。
Some lose limbs entirely.
有些人完全失去了四肢。
During trauma surgery, when the blood flow is redirected to the brain and heart by an aortic clamp, blood goes away from other areas, and tissue in the lower extremities can die, causing gangrene, in which case surgeons must amputate the leg at higher and higher points, first at the shin, then at the knee, then at the thigh, to stay ahead of the necrotic tissue as it spreads.
在创伤手术中，当血流通过主动脉夹重新引导到大脑和心脏时，血液会从其他区域流走，下肢的组织可能会死亡，导致坏疽，在这种情况下，外科医生必须在越来越高的位置截肢，首先是胫骨，然后是膝盖，然后是大腿，以便在坏死组织扩散时保持在坏死组织的前面。
The femur bone may have to be disarticulated—removed entirely from the socket, and discarded.
股骨可能必须被分离——从骨槽中完全取出并丢弃。
There was a woman several years ago whose boyfriend shot her in the leg.
几年前有一个女人，她的男朋友开枪射中了她的腿。
The bullet clipped the femoral artery and she bled.
子弹打断了股动脉，她流血了。
Goldberg was on call that day.
戈德堡那天正在值班。
She had to amputate the woman’s legs to save her life.
她不得不截掉这名妇女的双腿以挽救她的生命。
“I’m so haunted by that,” she said.
“我对此深感困扰，”她说。
Eighty percent of people who are shot in Philadelphia survive their injuries.
在费城，百分之八十的中枪伤者都幸存下来。
This statistic surprises people when they hear it.
这个统计数据让人们听到后感到惊讶。
They tend to think that when people get shot in the belly or the chest or the face, they die.
他们倾向于认为，当人们腹部、胸部或面部中弹时，他们就会死亡。
But the reality is that people get shot and then they are going to survive, because trauma surgeons are going to save them, and that’s when the real suffering begins.
但现实是，人们中枪后他们会活下来，因为创伤外科医生会拯救他们，而那才是真正的痛苦开始的时候。
Rafi Colon was shot once in the abdomen with a 9 mm handgun during a home invasion in September 2005.
2005 年 9 月，拉菲·科隆 (Rafi Colon) 在一次入室盗窃中被 9 毫米手枪击中腹部。
The bullet tore through his intestines.
子弹撕裂了他的肠子。
Trauma surgeons at Temple had to open his abdomen to repair the injuries, but fistulas developed, holes that wouldn’t heal, and until they healed, the incision couldn’t be closed.
天普医院的创伤外科医生不得不打开他的腹部来修复伤口，但瘘管已经形成，孔洞无法愈合，在愈合之前，切口无法闭合。
He spent the next 11 months in the hospital, immobilized in bed, with an open wound down the front of him that had the circumference of a basketball.
接下来的 11 个月里，他一直躺在医院里，无法动弹，前面有一个篮球周长的开放性伤口。
It got to the point where it was a normal thing for him to look down and think, oh, those are my intestines, there they are.
到了这样的地步，他低下头想，哦，那些是我的肠子，就在那里，这是很正常的事情。
“It became second nature,” he told me recently over lunch at a Panera Bread in the Philly suburbs.
“这已经成为第二天性，”他最近在费城郊区的一家 Panera Bread 餐厅吃午餐时告诉我。
“It wasn’t like a gruesome thing.” The holes in his intestines leaked stomach acid and burned away the surrounding tissues and skin, leaving less skin available to eventually stretch over the wound and close it.
“这不像是一件可怕的事情。”他肠子上的洞漏出了胃酸，烧掉了周围的组织和皮肤，最终留下的皮肤越来越少，可以覆盖伤口并闭合伤口。
Colon learned to sop up the excess acid from his exposed intestines with gauze pads and later with a machine that sucked the acid through a tube.
科隆学会了用纱布垫从暴露的肠道中吸收多余的酸，后来又用机器通过管子吸入酸。
When his friends came to visit, they had a hard time looking at him.
当他的朋友来看望他时，他们都很难看他。
He messed with them once by asking a buddy to get him a Rita’s water ice, Philadelphia’s version of a snow cone.
有一次，他让朋友给他买一杯丽塔水冰（费城版的雪糕），惹恼了他们。
He knew what would happen when he ate it.
他知道吃了之后会发生什么。
The water ice was red, the Swedish Fish flavor from that summer, and 30 seconds after he swallowed it, the red water ice came oozing out of the hole in his intestine.
水冰是红色的，是那年夏天的瑞典鱼味，吞下去三十秒后，红色的水冰就从肠子的洞里渗了出来。
His friends bolted.
他的朋友们纷纷逃跑。
Over the course of his long recovery, from the fall of 2005 into the spring and summer of 2006, Colon got a feel for the rhythms of the Trauma Service.
在漫长的康复过程中，从 2005 年秋天到 2006 年春夏，Colon 感受到了创伤服务中心的节奏。
Lying there in the bed, he occupied himself by counting the number of times each day that trauma codes were announced over the PA system.
躺在床上，他每天都在数着公共广播系统公布的创伤代码的次数。
It seemed like the busiest times were Thursday, Friday and Saturday nights.
似乎最繁忙的时间是周四、周五和周六晚上。
He’d ask the doctors, how many yesterday, was it 17?
他会问医生，昨天有多少，是17吗？
“They’d say, ‘No, 18.’” He could tell when the residents were stressed out by how many Diet Cokes they drank.
“他们会说，‘不，18。’”他可以通过居民喝了多少健怡可乐来判断他们何时感到压力。
There were days when the doctors were so busy with fresh traumas that they didn’t make rounds until 7 or 8 at night.
有时候，医生们忙于处理新的创伤，直到晚上七八点才查房。
“They would say, ‘Yeah, it was a busy day.’ I’d be like, ‘Yeah, I heard.’”
“他们会说，‘是的，这是忙碌的一天。’我会说，‘是的，我听说了。’”
Rafi Colon in his stairwell at home.
拉菲·科隆在家中的楼梯间里。
Though his neck and stomach scars are still visible years after being shot, he can't terrify friends with his water ice trick anymore.
尽管他的脖子和腹部的伤疤在中弹多年后仍然清晰可见，但他不能再用水冰戏法吓唬朋友了。
It ultimately took 14 surgeries to repair the damage done by one bullet.
最终经过 14 次手术才修复了一颗子弹造成的损伤。
Temple’s surgeons stretched his abdominal wall closed with the help of some muscle from another part of his body and an artificial mesh.
坦普尔的外科医生借助他身体另一部分的一些肌肉和人造网片，将他的腹壁拉紧。
If you see Colon today, the only way you can tell he was wounded is that he walks with a minor tilt; he calls it “my Keyser Söze limp.”
如果你今天看到科隆，你能看出他受伤的唯一方法就是他走路时轻微倾斜；他称之为“我的 Keyser Söze 跛行”。
Goldberg was part of the team of doctors who cared for him.
戈德堡是照顾他的医生团队的一员。
They talked about muscle cars and sports.
他们谈论肌肉车和运动。
(She liked the Eagles; his team was the Giants.) He remembers that she was the doctor who would notice when he was feeling despair and let him eat a little something that the nurses wouldn’t necessarily allow, like a small chip of ice, or sometimes a piece of candy.
（她喜欢老鹰队；他的球队是巨人队。）他记得她是一位医生，她会在他感到绝望时注意到他，并让他吃一些护士不一定允许的东西，比如一小块冰，有时甚至是一块糖果。
He couldn’t eat normally—he was being fed intravenously—but “the fact that I could get a piece of ice, it was like heaven.”
他无法正常进食——他正在接受静脉注射——但“事实上，我能得到一块冰，这就像天堂一样。”
She has gotten more sensitive over the years, she said.
她说，这些年来她变得更加敏感。
When you’re a young trauma surgeon, you’re developing skills, like how to put a bowel back together.
当您是一名年轻的创伤外科医生时，您正在培养技能，例如如何将肠道重新组装在一起。
Her medical training was all about learning to operate, to recognize the kinds of patterns that she now teaches to students and young doctors.
她的医学训练主要是学习操作、识别她现在教给学生和年轻医生的各种模式。
I once saw her give a lecture to 11 medical students who had just completed their surgical rotation.
我曾经看到她给11个刚刚完成外科轮转的医学生讲课。
Goldberg diagrammed anatomy and formulae on a whiteboard and asked questions about how the students would diagnose various hypothetical patients.
戈德堡在白板上绘制了解剖图和公式，并询问学生如何诊断各种假设的患者。
But she also asked the students to share their experiences with patients and their feelings about those cases.
但她也要求学生们分享他们与病人相处的经历以及他们对这些病例的感受。
One student spoke about stitching together the chest of a young shooting victim who had died after surgeons attempted to resuscitate him in the trauma area; the student’s first thought was that he was excited to practice stitching a chest, then he felt guilty for being excited.
一名学生谈到将一名年轻枪击受害者的胸部缝合在一起，这名受害者在外科医生试图对他的创伤部位进行复苏后死亡；学生的第一个想法是他很兴奋练习缝合胸部，然后他为兴奋而感到内疚。
Another student recalled being surprised when a patient asked for his business card even though he was just a lowly medical student.
另一位学生回忆说，当一名病人索要他的名片时，他感到很惊讶，尽管他只是一名地位较低的医科学生。
“Yeah,” Goldberg said.
“是的，”戈德堡说。
“He trusted you.”
“他信任你。”
Often when Goldberg meets a shooting victim, it turns out she once treated a sibling, parent, cousin or friend.
通常，当戈德伯格遇到枪击受害者时，会发现她曾经治疗过兄弟姐妹、父母、表兄弟姐妹或朋友。
“I’m a family doctor, a little bit, because I’ve been here so long,” she said.
“我是一名家庭医生，只是一点点，因为我在这里已经很久了，”她说。
One day at the hospital, I saw her go on rounds, meeting with patients in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) on the ninth floor.
有一天，我在医院看到她在九楼外科重症监护室（SICU）巡诊，会见病人。
A sign on a bulletin board said WELCOME TO SICU!
布告栏上写着“欢迎来到 SICU”！
YOUR HEALING STARTS HERE!
您的康复从这里开始！
The letters were surrounded by gold stars.
这些字母周围环绕着金色的星星。
Talking to patients seemed to energize Goldberg.
与病人交谈似乎让戈德伯格充满活力。
She was alternately lighthearted and serious.
她时而轻松，时而严肃。
The patients were uniformly docile and tired.
病人们都表现得很温顺，而且很疲倦。
They were on pain medication that slowed their speech.
他们服用止痛药，导致说话速度变慢。
The first patient, shot in the neck, was a young man accompanied by his girlfriend, who sat next to him on the bed with an expression of concern.
第一个颈部中弹的病人是一名年轻男子，他的女友陪着他，女友坐在他旁边的床上，一脸担忧。
“When I was shot, I fell on my face,” he said.
“当我被枪杀时，我脸朝下摔倒了，”他说。
The second patient was older.
第二位患者年龄较大。
A tube to drain fluids was snaking out of his chest.
一根引流管从他的胸口蜿蜒而出。
He held out a trembling left hand and smiled.
他伸出颤抖的左手，微笑着。
“A little bit of the shakes,” he said.
“有点震动，”他说。
Goldberg told the man he was scheduled to be released the following Monday.
戈德堡告诉该男子，他定于下周一获释。
He had been caught in some kind of crossfire.
他陷入了某种交火之中。
“We will miss you,” Goldberg said, “but there comes a day.”
“我们会想念你的，”戈德伯格说，“但总有一天。”
“Cut the umbilical cord, huh?” he said, and laughed softly.
“剪断脐带吧？”他说着，轻声笑了起来。
Goldberg descended to the eighth floor to meet with another gun victim.
戈德堡下到八楼会见另一名枪支受害者。
She knocked on his door and said hello in her friendly voice.
她敲了敲他的门，用友好的声音打招呼。
There were two large men inside the room in T-shirts and shorts.
房间里有两个穿着T恤和短裤的大个子男人。
She assumed they were his family, but when she entered, the men rushed over to her and said that the patient was a suspected shooter himself.
她以为他们是他的家人，但当她进去时，这些人冲到她身边，说病人本人就是枪手嫌疑人。
They were plainclothes cops, guarding him.
他们是便衣警察，守卫着他。
“I don’t want to know,” she said.
“我不想知道，”她说。
“It’s better if I don’t know.”
“如果我不知道的话会更好。”
She went over to the side of the patient’s bed as the cops watched and said she was Dr. Goldberg and she wanted to explain what was happening and help him if he needed anything.
在警察的注视下，她走到病人的床边，说她是戈德堡医生，她想解释发生了什么事，并在他需要任何东西时帮助他。
He looked young.
他看上去很年轻。
He seemed afraid.
他看上去很害怕。
There was an open wound in his chest, a vertical incision from below his nipples to his belly button, rising and falling with his breath.
他的胸口有一道开放性伤口，一道从乳头下方到肚脐的垂直切口，随着他的呼吸而起伏。
Surgeons had needed to remove one of his kidneys, his spleen and part of his stomach to repair the damage of the bullet and save his life.
外科医生需要切除他的一个肾脏、脾脏和部分胃来修复子弹造成的损伤并挽救他的生命。
After the surgery the tissue swelled, which happens sometimes, and they couldn’t immediately stitch the incision closed, so they had to leave it open.
手术后，组织肿胀，这种情况有时会发生，他们无法立即缝合切口，所以他们不得不将其打开。
The edges of the wound were pink and raw.
伤口的边缘呈粉红色且粗糙。
Goldberg reached out and held his left hand in her hand while telling him what organs he’d lost.
戈德堡伸出手，将他的左手握在她手里，同时告诉他他失去了哪些器官。
“You don’t need your spleen.
“你不需要你的脾脏。
You do need your kidney,” she said.
你确实需要你的肾脏，”她说。
“But luckily, God gave us two.”
“但幸运的是，上帝给了我们两个。”
He nodded slightly.
他微微点头。
She asked how he was feeling.
她问他感觉如何。
All he said was, “Pain.”
他只说了一句“痛”。
Goldberg said they would try to help with that and rubbed her fingers across his hand in a gesture of tenderness.
戈德伯格表示，他们会尽力提供帮助，并用手指以温柔的方式摩擦着他的手。
Gunshot victim Lamont Randell, shot twice during a robbery, begins his long recovery process.
枪击受害者拉蒙特·兰德尔在一次抢劫中两次中枪，开始了漫长的康复过程。
The key distinction for Goldberg isn’t innocent or guilty, it’s rational or irrational.
戈德堡的关键区别不是无辜或有罪，而是理性或非理性。
Gun violence is irrational, there’s no pattern to it.
枪支暴力是非理性的，没有任何模式。
Police statistics show that shootings decrease in the cold winter months and pick up when the weather warms, but any given trauma shift in the winter can be busy and any shift in the summer perfectly quiet.
警方统计数据显示，枪击事件在寒冷的冬季有所减少，而在天气变暖时有所增加，但冬季的任何特定创伤班次都可能很繁忙，而夏季的任何班次都非常安静。
Goldberg has always found the senselessness of violence frustrating, and when she was promoted to chief of trauma 15 years ago, she started thinking about how to engineer some control, to help patients “above and beyond just being a trauma surgeon.” She imagined a comprehensive approach to prevent shootings and keep patients from showing up in a trauma bay in the first place.
戈德堡一直觉得毫无意义的暴力令人沮丧，15 年前，当她晋升为创伤科主任时，她开始思考如何设计一些控制措施，以帮助患者“不仅仅是作为一名创伤外科医生”。她设想了一种全面的方法来防止枪击事件，并从一开始就防止患者出现在创伤室。
She knew this would involve talking to people in the community, but she also knew she was a flawed messenger.
她知道这需要与社区中的人们交谈，但她也知道自己是一个有缺陷的信使。
“Who’s going to listen to this white Jewish girl say that guns in the inner city aren’t good for you?
“谁会听这个白人犹太女孩说内城的枪支对你没有好处？
Nobody’s going to listen to me say that.
没有人会听我这么说。
I wouldn’t listen to me.” She went looking for help, and found Scott Charles.
我不会听我的。”她去寻求帮助，并找到了斯科特·查尔斯。
A big, energetic guy with glasses and a master’s degree in applied positive psychology from the University of Pennsylvania, Charles has been working to reduce youth violence since 1988.
查尔斯是一位戴着眼镜、精力充沛的大块头，拥有宾夕法尼亚大学应用积极心理学硕士学位，自 1988 年以来一直致力于减少青少年暴力。
When he was growing up in Sacramento, two of his older brothers were shot and his sister committed suicide with a gun, and at 19 one of his best friends was shot and killed.
当他在萨克拉门托长大时，他的两个哥哥被枪杀，他的妹妹持枪自杀，19 岁时，他最好的朋友之一也被枪杀。
He moved to Philadelphia when his sociologist wife got hired by Penn, and two years later, he joined a nonprofit that designed service-learning projects in public schools.
当他的社会学家妻子被宾夕法尼亚大学聘用时，他搬到了费城，两年后，他加入了一家在公立学校设计服务学习项目的非营利组织。
Some of his students from North Philly started collecting the stories of families who had lost children to gun violence, which is how Charles made the connection to Goldberg—Temple had treated one of the victims, Lamont Adams, a 16-year-old from North Philly who was shot and killed in 2004 after a false rumor was allegedly spread about him.
他的一些来自北费城的学生开始收集因枪支暴力而失去孩子的家庭的故事，这就是查尔斯如何与戈德堡建立联系的——坦普尔曾治疗过受害者之一拉蒙特·亚当斯，他是一名来自北费城的 16 岁男孩，他于 2004 年在据称散布有关他的虚假谣言后被枪杀。
Goldberg hosted a tour for Charles and his students, inviting them into the trauma unit and explaining what gun patients experience there.
戈德堡接待了查尔斯和他的学生，邀请他们参观创伤科，并解释枪支患者在那里经历的经历。
She was immediately impressed by the way he dealt with the kids.
他对待孩子的方式立刻给她留下了深刻的印象。
She told him she’d create a new outreach position for him at Temple, that she’d get up “in people’s faces” until she made sure it happened.
她告诉他，她会在坦普尔大学为他设立一个新的外展职位，她会“当着人们的面”站起来，直到她确保这件事发生。
“She said, ‘Don’t go anywhere else,’” Charles recalled.
“她说，‘别去其他地方，’”查尔斯回忆道。
“‘I’m going to write you a check for one year of your salary.
“‘我要给你写一张支票，支付你一年的工资。
If I don’t get this position for you, you can cash the check, it’s yours, and take another job.’ And I was like—this white lady’s crazy.
如果我没有为你找到这个职位，你可以兑现支票，这是你的，然后换一份工作。”我当时想——这位白人女士疯了。
My wife was like, who’s this lady who keeps calling you at 11 o’clock at night?
我妻子当时就想，这个晚上 11 点一直给你打电话的女士是谁？
‘It’s this crazy doctor.’”
“就是这个疯狂的医生。”
Charles accepted, joining Temple in August 2005, and since then he and Goldberg have developed a suite of ambitious programs in collaboration with other Temple doctors and staff.
查尔斯接受了，并于 2005 年 8 月加入天普大学，从那时起，他和戈德堡与其他天普大学医生和工作人员合作开发了一套雄心勃勃的项目。
“The thing that allows us to do so much of this is she carries a big stick,” Charles said.
“让我们能够做这么多事情的原因是她拿着一根大棍子，”查尔斯说。
“Who was going to get in her way?”
“谁要妨碍她？”
There are three programs aimed at preventing violence before it happens.
共有三个计划旨在预防暴力发生。
Cradle to Grave is an expansion of that first tour Charles took at Temple.
《从摇篮到坟墓》是查尔斯第一次圣殿之旅的延伸。
He brings groups of kids and adults into the trauma area and shows them how surgeons save gun patients.
他带领一群孩子和成年人进入创伤区域，并向他们展示外科医生如何拯救枪支患者。
He has his own copies of the various surgical instruments for demonstration purposes, removing them from a travel bag: chest tube, rib-spreader, hammer, Lebsche knife.
他有自己的各种手术器械的副本，用于演示目的，并从旅行包中取出它们：胸管、肋骨扩张器、锤子、莱布歇刀。
He introduces the visitors to Goldberg if she’s available.
如果戈德堡有空，他会向来访者介绍她。
He tells the story of Lamont Adams, asking a volunteer to pretend to be Lamont and then placing a circular red sticker on the location of each of Lamont’s 24 bullet wounds (entry and exit).
他讲述了拉蒙特·亚当斯的故事，要求一名志愿者假装是拉蒙特，然后在拉蒙特 24 处枪伤（入口和出口）的位置上贴上圆形红色贴纸。
On his chest.
在他的胸口上。
His abdomen.
他的腹部。
His thigh and arms.
他的大腿和手臂。
And most disturbing of all, the two bullet wounds on his hand, a sign that Lamont was trying to shield his face from the bullets at close range.
最令人不安的是他手上的两处枪伤，这表明拉蒙特试图在近距离保护自己的脸免受子弹伤害。
Charles also runs the Fighting Chance program, a series of training sessions for community members, where doctors show people in neighborhoods how to give first aid to gunshot victims, to apply tourniquets and stop blood loss in the seconds immediately following a shooting, before the EMTs or police arrive.
查尔斯还负责开展“战斗机会”计划，这是为社区成员举办的一系列培训课程，医生向社区居民展示如何在枪击事件发生后几秒钟、急救人员或警察到达之前对枪击受害者进行急救、使用止血带和止血。
Recently, Charles has also become a sort of Johnny Appleseed of gun locks, handing them out to parents who want to keep their children from getting hurt in accidents.
最近，查尔斯也成为了枪锁领域的约翰尼·苹果种子，将枪锁分发给那些希望防止孩子在事故中受伤的父母。
He keeps boxes of them at the hospital and distributes the locks with no questions asked.
他把一箱箱的锁放在医院里，然后不问任何问题就分发了锁。
Sometimes he lugs them to subway stations and offers them to commuters.
有时他会把它们拖到地铁站并提供给通勤者。
When Goldberg first saw Scott Charles talk to a group of children, she knew she needed him on her team.
当戈德堡第一次看到斯科特·查尔斯与一群孩子交谈时，她知道她的团队需要他。
That’s prevention.
这就是预防。
Temple has also created an intervention component, called Turning Point, where shooting victims get extra counseling while they’re still in the hospital.
坦普尔还创建了一个名为“转折点”的干预措施，枪击受害者在医院期间可以获得额外的咨询。
“They come in, they’re very scared,” Goldberg said.
“他们进来后非常害怕，”戈德堡说。
“‘Am I gonna die?
“‘我会死吗？
Where’s my Mom?’ Then, as soon as they would recover, they would not be so scared anymore, which maybe wasn’t good.” So if a victim is between 18 and 30 years old, he’s offered a series of supports in addition to the usual visits with Charles and a social worker.
我妈妈在哪儿？’这样，等他们康复后，他们就不会再那么害怕了，这也许不太好。”因此，如果受害者年龄在 18 岁到 30 岁之间，除了查尔斯和社会工作者的常规探访之外，他还会提供一系列支持。
Temple asks the patients if they want to talk to a trauma survivor.
坦普尔询问患者是否想与创伤幸存者交谈。
And they are given an opportunity to view a video of their own trauma-bay resuscitation.
他们还有机会观看自己的创伤室复苏视频。
(The surgeries in the trauma area are videotaped for quality control.) About half say yes.
（对创伤部位的手术进行录像以进行质量控制。）大约一半的人表示愿意。
Charles shows them the video.
查尔斯向他们展示了视频。
They get psychological counseling for any PTSD symptoms, as well as case management services to help them get high-school diplomas or jobs.
他们获得针对任何创伤后应激障碍症状的心理咨询，以及帮助他们获得高中文凭或工作的案件管理服务。
Turning Point was initially controversial within the hospital.
《转折点》最初在医院内部引起争议。
Some doctors thought it was cruel to show patients videos of their own surgeries, especially patients who had done nothing wrong.
一些医生认为向患者展示自己手术的视频是残忍的，尤其是那些没有做错任何事情的患者。
But Goldberg argued that she wasn’t judging anyone’s past or even asking about it.
但戈德伯格辩称，她并没有评判任何人的过去，甚至没有询问任何人的过去。
“The only way I know how to deal with a problem is, let’s break it down.
“我知道如何处理问题的唯一方法就是，让我们把它分解。
Let’s try to educate,” she said.
让我们尝试进行教育，”她说。
Breaking it down has involved doing science.
打破它涉及到科学研究。
Goldberg and her team have needed to gather data about questions that have never been rigorously answered, a common situation when it comes to gun violence.
戈德堡和她的团队需要收集有关从未得到严格回答的问题的数据，这是枪支暴力方面的常见情况。
For instance, when a paramedic first finds a gun or stabbing victim, nobody knows if it’s better to administer IV fluids and put a tube down the victim’s throat on the spot, or if the medic should simply race the victim to the hospital.
例如，当护理人员第一次发现枪支或刺伤受害者时，没有人知道是否应该当场注射静脉输液并将管子插入受害者的喉咙，或者医务人员是否应该将受害者送往医院。
Trauma surgeons have long suspected that the latter option is preferable—most shooting victims actually arrive at Temple in the back of police cruisers, a practice the cops call “scoop and run”—but there has never been a long-term randomized study.
创伤外科医生长期以来一直怀疑后一种选择更可取——大多数枪击受害者实际上是乘坐警车后面到达坦普尔的，警察称之为“铲起并跑”——但从未进行过长期随机研究。
So Temple launched one.
于是坦普尔推出了一款。
It’s called the Philadelphia Immediate Transport in Penetrating Trauma Trial (PIPT), an elaborate undertaking that has involved close coordination with emergency personnel and also dozens of community meetings where doctors explained how the study works (over the next five years, some victims of penetrating trauma will receive immediate transport and some won’t) and how people can opt out of the study (by wearing a special wristband).
它被称为费城穿透性创伤立即转运试验（PIPT），这是一项精心设计的工作，涉及与急救人员的密切协调以及数十次社区会议，医生在会议上解释了该研究的工作原理（在未来五年内，一些穿透性创伤的受害者将获得立即转运，而另一些则不会）以及人们如何选择退出该研究（通过佩戴特殊腕带）。
In that same spirit, Goldberg has been gathering data on the Turning Point program.
本着同样的精神，戈德堡一直在收集有关“转折点”计划的数据。
For years, patients have been randomized into a control group and an experimental group.
多年来，患者被随机分为对照组和实验组。
One group gets typical care and the other gets Turning Point, and then patients in both groups answer a questionnaire that quantifies attitudes toward violence.
一组接受典型护理，另一组接受转折点治疗，然后两组患者都回答一份量化对暴力态度的调查问卷。
In November the hospital published its first scientific results from Turning Point, based on 80 patients.
11 月，该医院发布了基于 80 名患者的《转折点》的第一份科学结果。
According to Temple’s data, the Turning Point patients showed “a 50% reduction in aggressive response to shame, a 29% reduction in comfort with aggression, and a 19% reduction in overall proclivity toward violence.” Goldberg told me she was proud of the study, not only because it suggested that the program was effective, but also because it represented a rare victory over the status quo.
根据坦普尔的数据，转折点患者表现出“对羞耻的攻击性反应减少了 50%，对攻击性的舒适度减少了 29%，总体暴力倾向减少了 19%”。戈德堡告诉我，她对这项研究感到自豪，不仅因为它表明该计划是有效的，而且因为它代表了对现状的罕见胜利。
Turning Point grew out of her experience with that one patient in 1992, the three-time shooting victim who died the third time.
《转折点》源自她 1992 年与一位患者的经历，这位患者曾三次枪击，第三次死亡。
It took her that long to get the authority, to gather the data, to get it published, to shift the system a little bit.
她花了很长时间才获得授权，收集数据，发布数据，稍微改变系统。
Each time I went to the hospital, I asked Goldberg what else was going on with her aside from work.
每次我去医院，我都会问戈德伯格，她除了工作之外还发生了什么。
She usually talked about running.
她经常谈论跑步。
She likes to run along the Schuylkill River while listening to music and thinking about nothing at all.
她喜欢沿着斯库尔基尔河边跑步，一边听着音乐，什么也不去想。
She competes in a few half-marathons a year.
她每年参加几次半程马拉松比赛。
I never learned much about Goldberg’s personal life.
我对戈德堡的个人生活了解不多。
She lives alone in an apartment in Center City.
她独自住在市中心的一套公寓里。
She has a rowing machine there and access to a treadmill in the building’s gym.
她在那里有一台划船机，还可以使用大楼健身房里的跑步机。
Her religious faith is still strong—it’s not that she goes around talking about it, she told me, it’s just that she has worked for 30 years in trauma and seen a lot of death, and it’s hard to do that and not feel something about God.
她的宗教信仰仍然很坚定——她告诉我，并不是她到处谈论宗教信仰，而是她在创伤中工作了30年，目睹了很多死亡，做到这一点很难不对上帝产生某种感觉。
I noticed one day she was wearing a white Lokai bracelet, a ring of plastic capsules said to contain mud from the Dead Sea and water from Mount Everest.
有一天，我注意到她戴着一只白色的洛凯手镯，这是一圈塑料胶囊，据说里面装有死海的泥土和珠穆朗玛峰的水。
“The highs and the lows, to stay even-keeled,” she said.
“无论高潮还是低谷，都要保持平稳，”她说。
“I probably need 10 of them, five on each hand.”
“我可能需要 10 个，每只手 5 个。”
The major non-running events in her life tend to be awards ceremonies.
她生活中主要的非跑步活动往往是颁奖典礼。
She has reached the point in her medical career where people gather and say nice things about her, and there are plates of olives and prosciutto.
在她的医疗生涯中，人们聚集在一起对她说好话，还有一盘盘橄榄和火腿。
Her med-school alma mater, Mount Sinai in New York, recently invited her to give a special lecture at Grand Rounds, a hallowed medical tradition.
她的医学院母校纽约西奈山最近邀请她在盛大的医学传统大查房中发表特别演讲。
On March 16 Temple threw a party for her “investiture,” a ceremony where she passed from being merely the chair of surgery to being the George S.
3 月 16 日，坦普尔为她的“授职”仪式举办了一场派对，在这场仪式上，她从单纯的外科手术主席晋升为乔治·S·布什总统。
Peters MD and Louise C.
Peters MD 和 Louise C.
Peters Chair in Surgery.
彼得斯外科主席。
Endowed chairs at universities are a big deal.
大学里的捐赠教席是一件大事。
Past colleagues from all over the country came to speak about her qualities.
以前来自全国各地的同事都来谈论她的品质。
One compared her to Teddy Roosevelt’s famous Man in the Arena, “whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood … who spends himself or herself in a worthy cause.” (“Herself” is not actually a part of Roosevelt’s quote, but the guy modernized it for Goldberg.) She gave a brief acceptance speech focusing on the importance of teamwork to medical excellence.
有人将她比作泰迪·罗斯福笔下著名的竞技场之人，“他的脸上沾满了灰尘、汗水和鲜血……他或她将自己奉献给了一项有价值的事业。” （“她自己”实际上并不是罗斯福引言的一部分，但罗斯福为戈德堡将其现代化。）她发表了简短的获奖感言，重点关注团队合作对卓越医疗的重要性。
She said she used to dream about being a sports coach, and now she’s coaching the next generation of surgeons.
她说她曾经梦想成为一名体育教练，现在她正在指导下一代外科医生。
As she once put it to me, “One of us can’t give perfect care.
正如她曾经对我说的那样：“我们中的一个人无法提供完美的护理。
But together, maybe, we can give perfect care.”
但在一起，也许我们可以提供完美的护理。”
In a perverse way, the more efficiently Goldberg does her job inside the hospital, the more invisible gun violence becomes everywhere else.
以一种反常的方式，戈德堡在医院内的工作效率越高，其他地方的隐形枪支暴力就越多。
One of the speakers at the investiture called Goldberg a “realistic idealist,” and when I saw her later, she said she’d been thinking about the phrase.
授勋仪式上的一位演讲者称戈德堡为“现实的理想主义者”，当我后来见到她时，她说她一直在思考这句话。
At first it surprised her that people saw her that way, but she realized it captured something true.
起初，她对人们这样看她感到惊讶，但她意识到这捕捉到了一些真实的东西。
“When I get angry, and hurt,” she told me, “it’s because I can still be a little naïve.” Even after all this time, the sense of horror she first experienced as a resident treating gun patients has never completely gone away.
“当我生气、受伤时，”她告诉我，“那是因为我仍然有点天真。”即使过了这么久，她第一次作为一名住院医生治疗枪支患者时所经历的恐怖感从未完全消失。
One evening when I was at the hospital, I saw what she meant.
一天晚上，当我在医院时，我明白了她的意思。
Two shooting victims came in, a man and a woman, about two hours apart, and were quickly patched up.
两名枪击受害者进来，一男一女，相隔大约两个小时，很快就得到了治疗。
The man was shot twice, in a wrist and a thigh—four holes, not life-threatening.
该男子手腕和大腿中了两枪——四个洞，没有生命危险。
The woman was shot once in the thigh with a small entry wound but no exit wound—a stray bullet that struck her while she was walking down the street.
这名女子的大腿中弹，有一个小入口伤口，但没有出口伤口——一颗流弹在她走在街上时击中了她。
In the trauma bay, the surgeons taped a paper clip over the entry wound so they could identify that spot on the X-ray.
在创伤室，外科医生在入口伤口上贴了一个回形针，这样他们就可以在 X 光片上识别那个位置。
Goldberg wheeled the monitor over to show me the X-ray image: paper clip and bullet.
戈德堡把显示器转过来，向我展示 X 射线图像：回形针和子弹。
“Very small,” she said, pointing to the slug, “like a .22.” As so many other patients do, the patient asked the trauma surgeons if they were going to take the bullet out, and the surgeons explained that they fix what the bullet injures, they don’t fix the bullet.
“非常小，”她指着那条子弹说道，“就像 0.22 口径的子弹一样。”正如许多其他患者所做的那样，患者询问创伤外科医生是否要取出子弹，外科医生解释说，他们修复子弹所伤害的部位，而不是修复子弹。
They left the wound open to prevent infection and put a dressing on it.
他们将伤口打开以防止感染，并在上面敷上敷料。
“We’ll probably send her home tonight,” Goldberg said.
“我们今晚可能会送她回家，”戈德堡说。
“Isn’t that awful?”
“那不是很糟糕吗？”
She meant it as a strictly human thing.
她的意思是，这完全是人类的事情。
There’s no medical reason for a patient to be in a hospital longer than necessary.
没有任何医学原因可以让患者住院时间超过必要的时间。
The point was the ridiculousness of the situation.
问题的关键在于这种情况的荒谬。
A woman gets shot through no fault of her own, she comes to the hospital scared, and if she’s OK, Goldberg says, “It’s like, here, take a little Band-Aid.” The woman goes home, and for everyone else in the city, it’s as though the shooting never happened.
一名妇女因自己的过错而被枪击，她害怕地来到医院，如果她没事，戈德伯格说，“就像在这里，带上一点创可贴。”这名女子回家了，对于城里的其他人来说，枪击事件就好像从未发生过一样。
It changes no policy.
它不会改变任何政策。
It motivates no law.
它没有激发任何法律。
In a perverse way, the more efficiently Goldberg does her job inside the hospital, the more invisible gun violence becomes everywhere else.
以一种反常的方式，戈德堡在医院内的工作效率越高，其他地方的隐形枪支暴力就越多。
Which is why she pours so much of herself into the outreach programs, the scientific studies and any other method she has of finding control and making the problem visible.
这就是为什么她将如此多的精力投入到外展计划、科学研究以及她所拥有的任何其他方法中，以找到控制并使问题变得可见。
Then, as always with Goldberg, there’s call.
然后，就像戈德堡往常一样，接到电话。
“We care ,” she told me once.
“我们关心，”她有一次告诉我。
“We’re gonna be here.
“我们会在这里。
We’re gonna be here.
我们会在这里。
We’re gonna be here, and then you know what, we’re still gonna be here.
我们会在这里，然后你知道吗，我们仍然会在这里。
And then we’re still here.
然后我们还在这里。
That kind of thing.”
那种事。”
The last time I saw Goldberg, I was eating breakfast in the hospital’s basement cafeteria, one corridor away from the morgue where bodies are kept, pending transport.
我最后一次见到戈德堡时，正在医院的地下室自助餐厅吃早餐，那里距离停放尸体等待运输的太平间只有一条走廊。
It was at the end of a relatively quiet overnight call shift in late March.
那是在三月下旬相对安静的隔夜通话轮班结束时。
She walked in with a coffee, looking calm and fresh.
她端着一杯咖啡走了进来，看上去平静而清新。
The forecast showed rising temperatures.
天气预报显示气温上升。
The crust of snow on the sidewalks would soon melt, the days would lengthen, people would leave their houses to enjoy the weather.
人行道上的积雪很快就会融化，白天会变长，人们会离开家去享受好天气。
Spring was coming, and the shootings would pick back up.
春天来了，枪击事件又开始增多。