里克·比托:史上最伟大的吉他手、音乐的历史与未来
Rick Beato: Greatest Guitarists of All Time, History & Future of Music
制作人里克·比托谈史上最伟大的吉他手、摇滚乐的风格演变与音乐产业的未来。
Rick Beato 十四岁那年学会的第一段吉他独奏是《Hey Joe》。他花了不少时间才摸清那段独奏的规律,发现整段旋律几乎都落在同一个五声音阶的指型里。他当时并不知道那叫“E小调五声音阶”,只知道一个形状就能弹完一整段独奏,这件事让他上了瘾。
更让他上瘾的是展示。他教弟弟 John,当时十一岁,两个人几乎同时开始学琴。他先给弟弟弹五分钟伴奏,让 John 试着独奏。可一旦轮到他自己独奏,弟弟就把吉他往地上一扔,两个人打起来。最后母亲出来调停,问清楚原因后说了一句:“好吧,我来给你弹伴奏。是什么和弦?”
于是,这位母亲坐在那里,按着 E、C、G、D、A 五个和弦,给儿子弹了二十分钟伴奏。
Beato 说,他母亲已经去世十年了。回头看这件事,他只有一个反应:“天哪,我爸妈真是太酷了。”
一个只剩两个手指可用的人,重新定义了吉他
谈吉他史绕不开三位早期巨人:Django Reinhardt、Charlie Christian 和 Andrés Segovia。Beato 把这三个人称作二十世纪吉他影响力的三大源头,后来几乎所有演奏者都从这三条根上长出来。
Django 的故事最像神话。他在一场火灾里烧伤,左手无名指和小指的肌腱严重受损,两根手指基本熔在一起,失去独立活动能力。按和弦时还能勉强用上,而那些快得惊人的连续旋律线,他只用两个手指弹出来。今天全世界的吉普赛爵士运动(Gypsy Jazz)都建立在他当年那套演奏语言之上,而创立这套语言的人,只剩两根可用的手指。
Beato 强调,Django 弹的一切都是即兴的。那种听起来自由、摇摆、带着玩笑感的音乐,没有一段是提前写好的。这跟他对即兴的理解一致:即兴是乱弹的反面,是把一整套语言练到不需要思考。
比波普是音乐里的第二外语
比波普(Bebop)出现在大乐队时代之后。大乐队从二十年代延续到四十年代,乐手们在巡演之余会组成小编制,去小场子里玩。Charlie Parker 是这套语言的主要奠基人。他们通常拿一些标准曲的和弦进行当载体,很多是 AABA 曲式,然后在上面做远比摇摆乐时代复杂的即兴。
速度快、线条棱角分明、大量使用半音。Beato 把半音形容成“连接音”,在原本该有的音之间塞进更多音,制造出新的质地。
这套东西难到什么程度?Beato 说,比波普是所有风格里最难掌握的一种,因为它是一套完整的语言。学它和学习一门自然语言没有本质区别。他自己之所以能进入这套语言,纯粹是因为父亲在他很小的时候就在家里放这些唱片,Charlie Parker、Dizzy Gillespie、Oscar Peterson、Joe Pass。他父亲在铁路上工作,1919 年生,话很少,一辈子没碰过乐器。Beato 有六个兄弟姐妹,全家没有一个人能解释为什么父亲会喜欢这么复杂的技术型爵士。
但他们从不追问。唱片放上,父亲坐在房间一头,他坐在另一头,两个人一句话不说,听完 A 面,他起身翻到 B 面,再听完,然后各自起身去干别的事。这种沉默的共处持续了很多年。父亲 2004 年去世,这件事他们从来没有真正聊过。
新生儿都是世界公民,九个月后开始失去
Beato 有一个关于绝对音感(perfect pitch)的理论:每一个孩子出生时都有绝对音感,大约九个月大时开始失去。
这个理论来自语言学家 Patricia Kuhl 的研究。Kuhl 有一场著名演讲叫《婴儿的语言天才》。婴儿刚出生时是“世界公民”,他们拥有分辨地球上约六千五百种语言全部音素的神经通路。到九个月左右,他们变成“受文化约束的听者”,用不到的通路被修剪掉。Kuhl 做过一个实验:让婴儿每周三次、每次二十五分钟接触中文母语者说话,这些婴儿后来仍然能分辨中文的音素。
这里有个前提条件:这种学习必须涉及“社会脑”。婴儿看着你的脸,看你的嘴型,从中提取社交线索,才能把那句话在哪里开始、在哪里结束、音素之间如何连接切分出来。单纯放录音不管用。
Beato 把这个结论直接搬到了音乐上。Dylan 出生前,从怀孕十五周开始,他每天晚上在妻子肚子上放三十分钟所谓“高信息量音乐”:巴赫的《平均律键盘曲集》、赋格,还有他一位土耳其钢琴家朋友 Aydan Esen 的即兴,以及 Keith Jarrett。全是和声与线条极其复杂的爵士、古典和现代古典。Dylan 出生后,每天早上他会陪孩子坐一个小时听音乐,同时看着孩子。
他从来没有指着钢琴说“这是 C,这是降 B”。他只是放复杂的音乐,然后陪着他,让他看着自己的脸。
Dylan 两岁时,Beato 和弟弟 Jon 视频,放了 Journey 的《Stone in Love》里 Neal Schon 的独奏,Dylan 跟着唱,音全对。又放 Led Zeppelin 的《Black Dog》,也对。当时兄弟俩的反应是:“我们耳朵也不错,可能我们那个年纪也能做到。”
三年半那年,Beato 在车里让 Dylan 唱《星球大战》主题曲。唱完他一听,调是对的。他用手机放原曲核对,确实对。再让他唱《超人》主题曲,那是前一周刚听的 John Williams 配乐,也对。他当场掉头开回录音室,坐到钢琴前弹了一个降 B,Dylan 说:“星球大战。”因为星战主题开头就是一个降 B 大和弦,最突出的是降 B。他又弹了一个 G,Dylan 说:“超人。”那是超人小号主题的第一个音。
确认之后,他花了五分钟教会 Dylan 十二个音的名字。孩子其实早就知道这些音彼此不同,只是不知道它们叫什么。
Beato 说,Dylan 不是那种会把音看成颜色的联觉者。他的原话是:“每一个音听起来都完全不一样。”这更像母语般的音乐流利度,一种 native music fluency。
那段让音乐家集体沉默的视频
2015 年前后,Beato 拍了一段视频,本来只是为了给朋友 Shane 的妻子看。他当时是学校董事会成员,正要去开会,把 Dylan 叫到楼下,说只要一分钟。Dylan 不愿意,他让妻子 Nia 去叫。视频里 Dylan 嘴里塞满了糖。
视频内容是这样的:先听单音。A,升 C,降 B,C,D,降 A,全部正确。然后两个音同时弹。降 C,正确。降 B 和 A,正确。降 B 和降 A,正确。C 和降 B,正确。E 和降 E,正确。
接下来是真正让视频爆掉的部分。Beato 弹了一串极复杂的复合和弦(polychords):降 D 增和弦上叠 C 增和弦、A 大调上叠降 A 大调、降 D 大调上叠 A 小调、F 大调上叠 E add9。Dylan 全部答对,还能准确唱出指定的音。Beato 自己都得看着手确认弹的是什么,因为这些和弦全在转位状态,全挤在钢琴中音区。
视频在 Facebook 上拿到大约八千万播放、二十五万条评论。
Beato 对这个传播路径有一个观察:越是懂音乐的人,越会转发。普通人听不出难度,专业乐手一听就知道,一个八岁小孩在听辨转位状态的密集复合和弦,还能用乐理把它们拆开,这件事有多离谱。
一张没拆封的唱片,和父亲的一句“还不错”
Joe Pass 生于 1929 年,卒于 1994 年,是比波普和独奏吉他领域最顶尖的演奏者之一。1973 年他录了一张叫《Virtuoso》的唱片,整张只有一把吉他。
Beato 十年级那年的圣诞节,父亲把这张唱片送给了他。父亲说了一句话,这句话完全不像他会说的:“如果你哪天能把吉他弹成这样,你这一辈子就算有成就了。”
唱片在家里放了三个月没拆。直到次年三月,Beato 才拆开听。第一反应是“这东西挺酷的”,然后他开始琢磨自己能不能扒下来。
他当时不懂任何乐理,不知道音程,不知道和弦名称,连相对音感都没有。他做的事情是:把唱针放到某个位置,听一个和弦,然后把手指放在指板上,一个位置一个位置地试,试到某个组合听起来跟唱片一模一样为止。有一个和弦他从来没见过,形状极其古怪。他就一直挪手指,挪到听见那个“就是它”的瞬间,然后低头看自己的手,心想这是什么鬼东西。
整张唱片扒完,黑胶已经被划得不成样子。
他去弹给父亲听。父亲的反应是:“嗯,还不错。”
Beato 说,这就是他父亲。这就是那一代人的表达方式。
音乐理论就是给事物起名字
Beato 有一套自己的教学路径,和大多数教材相反。
他建议初学者先学和弦、先学歌,因为要维持动机。第一件真正难的事情跟乐理无关,是让手指立起来,不要把不该响的弦闷掉。比如弹 C 大调和弦,食指按在 B 弦第一品,同时要让空的高音 E 弦响出来,这需要极细微的角度调整。已经弹了二十年琴的人根本不会想到这件事,新手要在这上面卡好几天。
接下来才进入单音演奏、riff、分解和弦、指弹。比如《Stairway to Heaven》开头用的就是指弹,需要从和弦里挑出特定音,两个音一起弹,反复多次;后面切换到用拨片扫弦,中间那段叫混合拨弦(hybrid picking)。
乐理往后放。Beato 的理由很直白:先让人喜欢上弹琴这件事,别的再说。
练习频率上,他给儿子的建议是:每天十分钟、一周七天,好过一周找一天练一小时。总时长差不多,效果完全不同。他自己的做法是把吉他永远放在架子上,走过路过就顺手拿起来,“就拿一秒”,然后一秒变成十分钟,十分钟变成两小时。
相对音感(relative pitch)和绝对音感是两回事。相对音感是在给定一个参考音之后,判断其他音与它的关系。A 之后跟一个 C,是小三度。这个能力跟天赋关系不大,靠的是每天练。Beato 的课程从最小的音程开始,小二度、大二度,先听旋律音程(分开弹),再听和声音程(一起弹),然后是各种和弦性质:大、小、减、增、挂留。他估计认真练两三个月会有明显进展。
这个能力的实际用途很具体:听一首歌,你能立刻判断和弦走向是六级小到四级大到五级大回到一级大,只要确定第一个和弦是什么,剩下的全部推得出来。扒独奏、扒旋律、把脑子里想的音找出来,都靠它。
Beato 说了一句很关键的话:学音程的过程,本质上就是在学乐理。因为乐理就是给音乐里的东西起名字。
一个音就能认出一个吉他手
Beato 认为,真正顶级的吉他手都有一个共同点:一个音就能认出来。
Brian May 一个音,你立刻知道是他。David Gilmour、Jimi Hendrix、Eddie Van Halen、B.B. King,全都是这样。B.B. King 的揉弦,一个音就够了。
Lex 表示怀疑,说一个音太激进,至少得三五个音。Beato 说不用,他可以真的把音轨分离出来,只放一个音做测试,打算拍二十个吉他手。
这个判断背后是一整套关于音色和语气的理解。Gilmour 的音色独一无二,来源是五十年时间里一点一点收敛出来的结果,没有哪一件神秘设备能一步到位。Beato 去他家录音室做过访谈,问他:“有什么是我不该看到的吗?”Gilmour 笑了,因为他几乎从不对外展示设备。他的技师 Phil 跟了他大约五十年,Beato 问:“这些是当年录唱片用的那些吗?”答案是:是。同一块 Binson Echorec,同一批效果器,同一台 Hiwatt 音箱。他有一把黑色 Strat 的签名复刻版,是完全按他那把老琴做的,在他看来声音和手感一模一样。
但这里有个反常识的细节。Gilmour 自己在家录音时,会用一台叫 Zoom 9030 的东西,那是九十年代的早期音箱建模设备。他自己跑 Pro Tools,一个人坐在那里,插进去,用一个建模音色录一段独奏,录完听一遍,觉得“这挺好的,我不会再重录了”。外面一直有人争论“他不可能用那个,他肯定过音箱录的”,因为成品听起来太好。Beato 把视频放出来,屏幕上清清楚楚是他的预设,DG1、DG2。
Miles Davis 从不排练
Beato 采访过 Ron Carter,后者参与过两千两百多张唱片录制。他问 Carter:“你们跟 Miles 排练过吗?”
“从来没有。”
“那你们怎么做?”
“我们就到录音室,他把谱子放在谱架上,我们就开始。”
“录完会听回放吗?”
“不会。”
“那些现场专辑呢?在俱乐部录的那些?”
Carter 说,他们从来不知道自己正在被录。有时候他会注意到贝斯音箱前面多了一支不太一样的麦克风。几个月后一张唱片出来,他看到自己在上面,就拿着去工会登记,“我在这张唱片里演奏过”,这样才能拿到钱。
Miles 的原则就是:别想,直接弹。
Beato 引用了鼓手 Vinnie Colaiuta 跟他说的一句话:思考是心流的敌人。
Miles 在爵士史上的位置,Beato 的解释是:他是爵士乐史上最伟大的革新者,每一个风格他都在最前面。他起步是比波普,然后有《Birth of the Cool》、调式爵士、硬波普,再到《Bitches Brew》那种后来被叫做融合爵士的东西。他有过两支极其重要的五重奏:五十年代那支有 John Coltrane、Paul Chambers、Philly Joe Jones;六十年代那支有 Herbie Hancock、Ron Carter、Tony Williams、Wayne Shorter。
Miles 从不回头看。他不想听自己的旧唱片,永远在往前走。这一点和 Gilmour 听《Comfortably Numb》时的反应形成对照:Beato 当着 Gilmour 的面放那段独奏,Gilmour 脸上露出“哦”的表情。他现场弹过几千遍,但可能很多年没听过唱片版本了。
贝斯是最危险的乐器
Beato 的第一个乐器是三年级学的大提琴,六年级转贝斯,本科读的是古典贝斯。他说自己内心深处始终认为自己是贝斯手。
他对贝斯的评价是:贝斯是唯一一个弹错音所有人都会立刻察觉的乐器。
原因在于,贝斯决定和弦的性质。你可以在低音放根音,可以放三音,可以放五音,可以放很多经过音。低音放什么,和弦听起来就是什么。所以贝斯手手里的权力极大。
这也解释了为什么 Flea 会受比波普影响。Flea 生在澳大利亚,后来搬到纽约,父母离婚后母亲嫁给了一位爵士贝斯手,家里经常有即兴演奏会。Beato 说这跟他自己的成长经历很像,爵士一旦进了身体,就一直在那里。
Beato 采访 Flea 时印象最深的是他拿起贝斯那一刻的气场。他谈到自己怎么练琴,一弹起 slap 就完全沉进去,Beato 坐在对面只能想“哇”。
那份 Top 20 独奏榜单,其实是一份自传
Beato 的榜单第一名是《Comfortably Numb》的第一段独奏。他特意说明:第二天可能就换成第二段了。选第一段是因为没人谈第一段,而它同样伟大。
第二名《Stairway to Heaven》,第三名《Hey Joe》,因为那是他学会的第一段独奏。第四名是 Steely Dan 的《Kid Charlemagne》,Larry Carlton 弹的,极难扒。榜单里还有一些几乎没人知道的:Journey 的《Stone in Love》里 Neal Schon 的独奏,以及 Gino Vannelli 的《Brother to Brother》里 Carlos Rios 的独奏。后者的目的是让听众在往下刷榜单时,撞上一个他们本来永远不会接触到的东西。
他也塞进一些“怪东西”,比如融合吉他手 Allan Holdsworth 的某段独奏,纯粹是为了介绍这个人。
Beato 承认这些榜单有强烈的自传成分:他排的是这些独奏对他自己成长的重要性,里面没有任何客观排名的意思。
榜单里有一段插曲。他想放 Van Halen 的《Ice Cream Man》,但自己弹不了。他先打给 Dweezil Zappa,对方说“我得练一下”。再打给 Phil X,也是“我得练一下”。那段开头的连奏跨度极大,Eddie Van Halen 当年得把琴调高半音才好弹,节奏也很刁钻。Beato 说,弹那个东西手会疼。
另有一段是 Heart 的 Nancy Wilson,他没弹,直接放了视频。
拍这条视频只花了一天,二十段独奏里他弹了十九段。
关于 Mark Knopfler 的《Sultans of Swing》,Beato 原本想放得更靠前,最后压低了位置,理由很实在:这条视频开头需要先立威,让观众相信“这个人是认真的”,然后再放那些冷门的。
他说《Sultans of Swing》之所以成立,是因为它在好几个层面上同时命中:旋律好、歌词好、有多段极佳的独奏、音色独一无二,而且这首歌本身是在讲音乐。它的 Strat 音色和后来的《Money for Nothing》用的 Les Paul 完全是两个世界。
《Money for Nothing》开头那段,Beato 的评价是几乎不可能复现,因为音色太独特,而那段是即兴弹出来的。
一个音里到底有什么
Lex 提到一个观察:Mark Knopfler 在“单音的纯净美感”这件事上,甚至超过了 B.B. King。
Beato 的回应把话题拉回了他一贯的判断标准:能不能从一个音里认出这个人。
这背后是关于“少即是多”的技术解释。Gilmour 不总是弹得快,但他用更少的东西做了更多的事。他有极强的旋律感,知道乐句该怎么组合,一个想法如何引向下一个想法,想法之间要留多少空白。Beato 说,这跟说话是一样的。
Lex 提到 Miles Davis 极懂速度与沉默的价值。Beato 用同样的框架解释 Gilmour:节奏、留白、语气。
桥段是心理治疗
Sting 在 Beato 的访谈里说过一个观点:现代音乐变得更简单、更极简,桥段(bridge)消失了。Sting 的原话大意是,桥段是一种心理治疗,它给你一个机会去回看主歌,然后再进入副歌。
Beato 认同这个说法,并给了一个更技术的定义:桥段是你可以改变歌曲参照系的地方。
他举了 Beatles 的《We Can Work It Out》。McCartney 写主歌:“试着从我的角度看,我是不是得一直撑到撑不住?”桥段则完全是 Lennon 的东西:“人生很短,朋友,没有时间去争吵。我一直觉得那是种罪过,所以我再问你一次。”
这种在一首歌内部让两个创作者的世界观正面相撞的结构,就是 Beatles 的核心竞争力。
三百六十五天,三张唱片
Beatles 在三十岁之前写出了流行音乐史上最重要的一批作品。Beato 说他至今没能完全想明白这件事,但有一个推测。
那个年代的 PA 系统极差,没有监听。他们在 Shea Stadium 演出,观众尖叫声大到听不见自己。于是他们做了决定:不再巡演,只做录音室乐队。
然后就是那段密度惊人的产出。1965 年 8 月 6 日《Help!》,同年 12 月 3 日《Rubber Soul》,1966 年 8 月 5 日《Revolver》。三百六十五天里,三张十四首歌的唱片,全部是写和录同步完成的。
Beato 的类比是健身:他们每天都在练那块肌肉。写歌、录歌、互相较劲要压过对方。四个顶级天赋的创作者、歌手、演奏者,加上当时能请到的最好的制作人 George Martin,全部条件叠在一起。
他提到自己认识的一些本地俱乐部乐手,一周五个晚上、每晚四小时的演出,嗓子从来不坏,因为一直在用。
流体智力与晶体智力
Beato 有一个关于创作年龄的理论。
他把心理学里的流体智力(fluid intelligence)和晶体智力(crystallized intelligence)分开看。流体智力,也就是大脑处理速度、快速组合新想法的能力,在二十几岁末到三十岁前后达到顶峰,之后下降。晶体智力靠积累,靠人生经验,一直增长。
这解释了一个看似矛盾的现象:流行歌曲创作和爵士即兴的巅峰大多在三十岁之前,因为这两件事极度依赖反应速度和即兴组合能力;而古典作曲家的巅峰大多在生命末期,因为那靠的是一辈子积累的结构能力和人生厚度。贝多芬晚期的弦乐四重奏、第九交响曲,都是晚年作品。
Beato 强调这只是他自己的理论,但他认为大多数爵士即兴者最好的即兴都在三十岁之前完成。
27 俱乐部,以及一个关于香烟的观察
Jimi Hendrix、Brian Jones、Jim Morrison、Janis Joplin、Kurt Cobain、Amy Winehouse。音乐史上有一批人死在二十七岁。
Beato 把话题引向了一个更日常的方向:吸烟。
他说这件事他想了很久。回去看 Beatles 的任何一部电影,他们一直在抽烟。《Get Back》纪录片里,他们不停地抽。看任何一集 MTV Unplugged,Kurt Cobain 只要手没在弹琴就在抽烟。每一个歌手都抽,每个乐手都抽。
而他问过儿子 Dylan:“你们高中有没有人抽烟?”Dylan 的反应是这个问题本身很荒谬:“抽烟?没人抽烟。”
Beato 认为吸烟在客观上改变了那一代歌手的声音质地,增加了那种沙哑和复杂度。Nat King Cole 一天四包,死于肺癌。Sinatra 重度吸烟。McCartney 重度吸烟。Lennon 也是。
Lex 承认这是鸡生蛋蛋生鸡的问题,但明确表示不会推荐任何人靠药物提升创造力。他补了一层更深的解释:演出的高潮,几万人甚至几十万人的注视和欢呼,那种多巴胺的冲击,之后的落差在神经生物学上极难处理。药物是这条过山车最直接的应对方式,再加上圈子里“某类药物对创造力有好处”的文化共识,滥用几乎是结构性的。
十五分钟写一首歌
Beato 在亚特兰大一家录音室工作时,跟一个叫 Jump, Little Children 的乐队在 B 棚,Elton John 在 A 棚。Elton 的助手过来问:“你们是 Jump, Little Children 吗?”然后 Elton 本人走了进来,说自己是他们的粉丝,让他们结束之后过去坐坐。
他们过去的时候,Elton 和 Bernie Taupin 正在工作。Beato 在那里聊了一个小时。Elton 讲了他的工作方式:一年录两张唱片,然后巡演。整张唱片两周内写完录完。Bernie 给他歌词,他拿着歌词,十五分钟写出全部旋律。
那天他们就在做这件事。Bernie 在旁边,钢琴上架着歌词纸,Elton 弹着,唱出一段,说“就录这个”,然后进下一首。
Beato 提到 YouTube 上有《Tiny Dancer》的创作过程录像,Elton 就在那里当场把音乐写出来,然后跟乐队说“好,是这样”,当场录掉,进下一首。
这个流程的特殊之处在于顺序:先有歌词,再写音乐。Beato 说,百分之九十九的词曲作者是反过来的,先做伴奏轨,再往上填旋律和词。先有词再写曲要难得多。
AI 音乐:不是它变好了,是我们听出来了
2023 年 Beato 开始做 AI 音乐的视频。他第一次在家里厨房放 Suno 生成的歌,最小的女儿 Layla 立刻问:“你为什么要听 AI?”
他当时完全不知道为什么。他花了四五天时间才搞清楚:孩子们听到的是人声混响里的伪影(artifacts)。AI 处理不了空间的氛围感。原因在训练数据:很多模型早期是用低码率 MP3 训练的,喂进去的信息本身就是次品。
后来情况变了。他开始在车里放,Layla 的反应从“这是 AI”变成了“这是 AI 吗?听起来像可能是 AI”。再后来,他为 NPR 做了一首叫《Neon Ghosts》的歌,回家放给 Layla 听,她要求把音轨分离出来,听完单独的人声轨,说:“这个真的很真实,即使单独听人声也很难分辨。”
Beato 现在的判断是:AI 会让本来就优秀的词曲作者受益,因为你需要有能力判断它吐出来的东西是好是坏。他自己大概生成了 130 个歌曲想法,其中三个是好的。
他描述自己的流程:用 ChatGPT 生成封面图,用 Claude 写歌词,因为 Claude 在歌词上明显强过 Suno(后者目前很弱),然后把歌词导入 Suno 生成音乐。
Lex 提到了一个他观察到的现象:人们的耳朵正在快速学会识别这种“AI 噪音”,听起来很厉害,听久了却没味道。他举了一个例子,一个 AI 灵魂爵士(soul jazz)风格的混音在传播,技术上很惊人,但听一会儿就能感觉到“缺少灵魂”。他说了一句很关键的话:我不想要一个 AI 的 B.B. King,我要真的 B.B. King。如果我知道 B.B. King 的过程里有任何 AI 参与,我就会关掉。他不觉得自己这是老派心态,他认为这是人的本能,我们想要真实性。
Beato 说自己不会用 AI 做音乐,理由很简单:无聊。他每隔三四个月会坐下来试试新版本,生成几首看看进步了多少,但整个过程他觉得没意思。
Lex 补了一层区分:他用 AI 写代码,代码本身不是最终产品,代码创造的东西才是,所以在那里 AI 极其有用,过程闷不闷无所谓。当最终产品本身就是 AI 生成的东西时,问题就来了。我们想要庆祝、想要看见那个难以创造的东西。如果 AI 能一键生成一首十大金曲,我们很快就会对这件事失去兴趣,然后我们会转而想要“生的”东西。
Beato 说他现在看到任何 AI 生成的内容,第一反应就是“无聊”。他的孩子们也一样,一识别出来就不想再看,甚至因此不想再用那些社交平台。他认为平台需要打击这些 AI 垃圾内容,YouTube 做得还不错,但这是打地鼠。
四千次 Content ID 申诉
Beato 的频道快十年了。从第一天起,他就一直在跟几大唱片公司的 Content ID 系统打。早期是直接封锁,某些艺人的内容一出现就被拦,Guns N' Roses、AC/DC、Fleetwood Mac、Led Zeppelin,到现在还是这样。
转折点是 TikTok 上那个踩滑板喝 Ocean Spray 的人,背景音乐是 Fleetwood Mac 的《Dreams》,视频爆了,这首歌重新回到第一名。唱片公司意识到这可能是个机会,策略从封锁改成了“去货币化”(demonetize)。
去货币化的意思是:一条一小时的视频,只要用了二十秒的片段,这条视频产生的全部收入归唱片公司。
在 Rick Rubin 那期之后,Beato 请了律师。这位律师本身也是 YouTuber,之前找过他,费用不低。律师看完他全部两千一百条视频,认定每一条都是合理使用(fair use),至今已经打掉四千次 Content ID 申诉,全胜。
Beato 说,做一期 Top 20 吉他独奏的视频,就会收到二十次申诉。可能来自录音版权方,也可能是他自己弹的,那就来自出版方。
这套系统能运转的原因是:绝大多数 YouTuber 从不申诉。他们害怕频道被关掉。唱片公司会雇第三方用 AI 扫描,一旦检测到就申诉,而且优先找大频道,因为播放量最高。这是稳赚不赔的生意。
Beato 用了将近十年才开始反击。他说这条经验可以推广:这些申诉,只要是合理使用,就该打。
一百台音箱,和一台 G3
Beato 在录音室里有一百台左右的音箱,具体说大概九十五台。他的标准是:每一台都必须在某件事上做到极致,做不到就卖掉。所以数量从更多降到了“只剩一百”。
改过的 Marshall JCM800 做中频某个特定的事,适合某类曲子。需要 Metallica 或 Dream Theater 那种凹陷的金属音色,就搬出 Mesa/Boogie。需要 Brian May 或 The Edge 那种清亮,就用 Vox AC30。他说自己大概七十五台就能过。
吉他那边的逻辑不同。他主要用老琴,Gibson、Fender、PRS。木吉他只有三把好的:一把 1957 年的 Gibson Country Western,用了三十多年;一把 Gibson J-45;一把 Martin D-28。还有一把 Guild 十二弦,和一把 Guild 的纳什维尔调弦吉他。后者是把低音的四根弦整体升高一个八度,六弦。Gilmour 在《Comfortably Numb》里用的就是纳什维尔调弦,但有一个变化:最低的 E 弦升了两个八度。那首歌的副歌部分就是用这把琴写出来的。
选琴他从不看手感,因为所有琴他都调好了,手感一致。标准只有一个:这一段需要什么声音。要找中频紧、低频不轰的,就用那把五七年的 Gibson。
他有一把 Gibson 的签名款,五年前拿到的,是双缺角(double cut)的 Les Paul Special,P-90 拾音器。
软件上,他用 Pro Tools,也用 Logic 和 Ableton。只用 Mac。他有一句话说得挺重:如果当年没有 Mac,今天他不会坐在这里。他所在的乐队签在 UMG 时,公司给他买了一台 G3、一支 SM7 和 Pro Tools Digi 001,那是第一代面向非专业用户的 Pro Tools 系统。他因此学会 Pro Tools,进而学会剪视频,最后成了唱片制作人。三大唱片公司唯一给他的真正好处,就是那套设备。
音箱建模他也在用。出差时用 Neural DSP,他刚去赫尔辛基的 Neural DSP 总部拍了视频,CEO Doug Castro 是他朋友。他还有 Kemper、Axe-Fx、Helix,几乎全套。但他在录音室有一百台真实的音箱,麦克风常年架着,箱体也常年接着。
Lex 说自己用的是 BIAS FX,说完还道了个歉。Beato 说他也一样。那天他刚拿到 John Mayer 的 Neural DSP 插件,还没试。那个插件把 Mayer 的所有音箱做了建模,John 本人弹过,说听起来就是他自己的箱子。
Beato 说他从 John Mayer 还在亚特兰大、刚签公司的时候就认识他了,那是 2000 年代初。Lex 说他跟 Mayer 吃过两次晚饭,这人除了是顶尖乐手,聊天也极有意思。Beato 认同,他觉得 Mayer 被严重低估了,是当今活着的最伟大的吉他手之一,同时也是那种会主动去赞美别人琴弹得好的人。
一家剑桥的琴行,一把银色的 Strat
Lex 讲了一个很个人的故事。他住在剑桥,旁边有一家吉他店。他说自己也不知道为什么,每次路过都会进去,就为了站在那些琴旁边。他一直觉得自己不需要第二把吉他,也一直跟别人说拥有多把吉他算作弊。
后来店里进了一把 American Strat,银色,带渐变。他走进去看见的那一刻,说这是他人生中第一次理解“一见钟情”这个词。从来没有哪件物品给过他这种感觉。
Beato 的反应很平静:那就买。他自己有一百台音箱,理由更直接:每一台都在某件事上做到极致,做不到就卖掉,卖到最后剩下一百台。
他提到自己有一把 Gibson 签名款,双缺角的 Les Paul Special,P-90 拾音器,拿了五年。他把琴递过去,说:“你弹一下就知道,这是黄油。”
木吉他那边他只有三把好的:一把 1957 年的 Gibson Country Western,用了三十多年;一把 Gibson J-45;一把 Martin D-28。另外还有一把 Guild 十二弦,和一把 Guild 的纳什维尔调弦吉他。
纳什维尔调弦是把低音那几根弦整体升一个八度,让整把琴的音区挤在高处,听起来清亮、细,像一层薄光。《Comfortably Numb》的副歌部分,Gilmour 就是用这种调弦写出来的,那期视频里他亲手演示过。他自己那把还有个变化:最低的 E 弦升了两个八度。
选哪把琴的标准跟手感无关。他说所有琴他都调过,手感一致。标准只有一个:这一段需要什么声音。要找中频紧、低频不轰的,就用那把五七年的 Gibson。要低频厚实、声音大的,就用另一把。
手上那个疼的地方,是滑手机滑出来的
Beato 采访过 Metallica 的 Kirk Hammett,那期里出来两件事。
第一件是重金属和硬摇滚的界线。这两者经常被混为一谈,Hammett 给出了他自己的划分。
第二件是 downpicking,全程只
第二件是 downpicking,全程只往下拨,不上下交替。这是 James Hetfield 塑造 Metallica 音色质感的根本手法,声音更硬、更整齐、更有推力。
Beato 说他以前能弹,现在弹不了,拇指根部那个关节会疼。他认真想过这个疼从哪来,结论非常具体:是滑手机滑出来的。那个动作反复摩擦的正好是基底关节那个位置,把那儿磨坏了。
Lex 说喜欢他这个理论。Beato 说:“我是认真的。”
那次访谈里还有一点让 Lex 印象很深:Hammett 本质上是个即兴型选手,这跟金属乐那种严整结构其实是有冲突的。他骨子里有很强的旋律感和灵魂感。同时他给了 Hetfield 极高的评价,说他是伟大的作曲者,是 riff 和节奏的创造者。
Beato 顺着往下说:你听成品觉得结构严整,但那些歌最初都是即兴、jam、一段段零碎的动机长出来的,然后才被打磨成型。
另一个细节是 Hendrix 用不同规格的琴弦。这是 Hammett 在访谈里提到的,Beato 说他当时的第一反应是:“什么?我怎么可能从来没听说过这件事?”
这正是 Beato 说他做访谈最想得到的东西。他不想要那些人尽皆知的往事,他想要这种能让人愣一下的具体细节。这些细节恰好就是独特音色的来源:做一些所有人都默认不该做的事。
七度和九度,以及不协和怎么变成情绪
Beato 问过 Billy Corgan,他那些歌里的忧郁感是怎么做出来的。Corgan 开玩笑说,秘诀全在七度和九度上。
这话背后有乐理依据。如果底下的和弦是 C,上面唱一个 B,那是七度;唱一个 D,那是九度。他确实大量使用这些音。
所有我们谈到的这些人都在用。Beato 说他采访 Sting 时把这类音叫做“惊喜音”(surprise tones),Sting 说喜欢这个说法。这些音落在和弦之外,跟底下的和弦形成不协和,而不协和产生情绪。
Beato 的原话是:我希望音乐让我抑郁。
Lex 顺着这个往下想了一会儿。他说这种忧郁其实并不真的压抑,它像幸福的反面,同一种东西的另一面,是一种渴望。或者说里面其实含着希望。那种孤独感反而是你和音乐之间最私密的连接。一个人开车,听到某首歌,得把车停到路边,那种时刻只有音乐能制造。有时候那个东西甚至不是真实的往事,它只是碰到了灵魂里某个地方,碰到了所有人都有的那点不安,那点孤独。
他想起 Kurt Cobain 的一首歌,在《In Utero》里,叫《Frances Farmer》。副歌那句是“I miss the comfort of being sad”,我想念悲伤带来的那种舒适感。Beato 说他看到这句的时候,反应是:“对,就是这个。”
那句歌词,以及一整代人的声音
Lex 说他最容易被那种绝望感打动。Pearl Jam 的《Black》。他在一个朋友经历分手的时候被介绍去听这首,那时候 Ten 时期的 Pearl Jam 正红得发紫。那句词是:Someday you'll have a beautiful life, someday you'll be a star in somebody else's sky, but why, why, why can't it be mine。
Beato 说这句词让他震动,而且 Eddie Vedder 的演唱方式让这句话更重。
Lex 接着问:音乐史上最伟大的主唱是谁?
Beato 报了一串名字:Freddie Mercury、Robert Plant、Steven Tyler、Jim Morrison、Roger Daltrey。Lex 补充了 James Hetfield。
然后 Lex 把话题拉到了 1991 年 9 月的莫斯科。他把 Metallica 那场演出称作史上最伟大的演唱会。那个时间点离苏联解体只有几个月。同台的还有 AC/DC 和 Pantera。现场大约一百六十万人。
有些报道说五十万。Lex 认为这个数字严重不准。免费演出,官方统计不作数,实际肯定超过一百万,很可能在一百五十万到一百六十万之间。
那场的歌单是:Enter Sandman、Creeping Death、Harvester of Sorrow、Fade to Black、Sad but True、Master of Puppets、Seek and Destroy、For Whom the Bell Tolls、One、Whiplash。
Beato 说,这就是他想要的那种歌单。
Lex 说这个时刻是政治、社会、文化和音乐同时对齐。二十世纪的一部分正在崩塌,而台下这些人,通过两个小时的音乐,短暂地逃离了恐惧和愤怒。Black Album 刚发,乐队正处在巅峰。有些东西只有在那个具体的时间、具体的空间、具体的十首歌组合里才能发生。
一个人在完全听不见的情况下,写完了第九
Lex 提到另一场可以与之并列的“史上最伟大演出”:贝多芬第九交响曲的世界首演。
他说自己是看了电影《Immortal Beloved》才知道贝多芬的个人处境,Gary Oldman 演的贝多芬。看完那部电影他才明白,贝多芬在动笔写第九交响曲之前,就已经听不见声音了。这也是为什么它被视为人类最伟大的作品之一。他在完全失去听觉的状态下,完成了这部四十多分钟、需要整个管弦乐团加合唱团的作品。
那场首演上有个著名的场面。演出结束,全场起立鼓掌,他背对观众,什么也听不见,只能由人把他转过身来,让他看见那些鼓掌的手。
Beato 说,他反复想过这件事:一个人写一部三十五到四十分钟的作品,所有声部、所有配器都必须在脑子里完成,一遍一遍修改,全程听不见任何一个真实的音。这种动机从哪里来?
他提到了《海利根施塔特遗书》(Heiligenstadt Testament),1802 年写给两个弟弟的信,贝多芬死后才在书桌里被发现。信里满是羞耻和屈辱。他写:凭什么是我?站在我旁边的人能听见远处的笛声,能听见牧羊人在田野里唱歌,而我听不见。在所有人里面,偏偏是听觉对我如此重要的这个人。
Beato 还补了一个技术前提:做这件事必须有绝对音感。没有绝对音感,脑子里根本构不出具体音高,也就无法在没有外部声音的情况下作曲。他认为绝大多数伟大的作曲家都有绝对音感,勃拉姆斯可能是例外。
他还提到贝多芬用过的办法:嘴里咬一根木棍,另一头顶在钢琴的音板上,靠颅骨的震动去“听”。
Lex 补充了另一层背景。贝多芬早年是拿破仑的拥护者,因为拿破仑当时代表法国大革命,代表一个没有国王、没有君主的未来。后来拿破仑称帝,贝多芬极其愤怒。但终其一生,他对拿破仑的兴趣都没有真正消失。他对人性的看法变得更复杂,也更清醒,看着世界一次次让人失望,看着梦想一次次破碎。
然后他把第九交响曲写成了《欢乐颂》。不是反讽,不是犬儒,是一个仍然指向希望的呼吁。这部作品诞生在拿破仑战争之后、美国内战之前,那是一段短暂的喘息期,他在其中呼吁和平,却不知道后面还有真正恐怖的战争要来。
Beato 说,这件事他花了很多很多个小时想过。
Lex 顺口提了一句,说他一直会弹《月光奏鸣曲》第一乐章,但一直不敢碰第三乐章,觉得自己永远弹不到那个水平。Beato 说:永远别说永远。
Lex 开玩笑说,他给自己设的那条“恶龙”就是月光第三乐章,等他哪天屠了这条龙,说不定 Tom Waits 就会给他发邮件。他说 Tom Waits 是他最想请的嘉宾,等了很多年,现在有点放弃的意思。Beato 说,正好,一旦你放弃了,它就会发生。
那个没写过《Master of Puppets》的人
Lex 说,他所有的音乐老师都在强调学巴赫的重要性。
Beato 的说法更绝对:巴赫是有史以来最伟大的作曲家和音乐家,所有著名的词曲作者都受他影响。他提到 Sting 和 Dominic Miller 说他们每天用巴赫练琴。
巴赫生前的影响力其实很有限。他出生在爱森纳赫,在莱比锡待了很多年,名声基本不超出他生活的那些地方。但伟大的音乐家知道他。手稿极难找,而门德尔松的父母收藏手稿,门德尔松二十岁那年拿到了《马太受难曲》的谱子,1829 年 3 月 11 日在柏林指挥了这部作品,把它重新带回公众视野。
莫扎特和贝多芬都研究过《平均律键盘曲集》的两卷。Beato 说,巴赫写的复调音乐,那种对位复杂度,至今没有人做到同一个水平。
他也讲了巴赫的处境:二十个孩子,只有十个活到成年。九岁那年父母相继去世,前后相隔不到九个月,之后他跟一个年长的哥哥生活。
Lex 接了一句:而且极其高产。
然后 Beato 开了个玩笑:他没写过《Master of Puppets》,但他写了一些很有力量的东西。
Lex 说他以前试图向那些音乐老师解释《Master of Puppets》的厉害之处。有时候一个好 riff 比一整部作品更有力量。Beato 说他同意。他每次试新音箱,第一段弹的就是《Master of Puppets》。
Lex 追问:所以在琴行里,你是那种一进去就弹 Metallica 的人?
Beato 说对。他需要一段重型 riff 来听低频紧不紧,通常就落到 Metallica 上,或者 Alice in Chains,或者降到 Drop D 弹点 Tool,总要有点金属的东西,才能试出音箱底子。
十一个署名,和一个不存在的歌手
Beato 做过一期视频,拆解 Sabrina Carpenter 的《Manchild》。
这首歌的署名里有 Jack Antonoff、Amy Allen、Sabrina Carpenter 等人。Beato 在一期视频里指出,这首歌的创作里 Sabrina 本人的参与可能很有限。这番话在某个颁奖场合被人转述,说“YouTube 上有个老头说 Sabrina 跟这首歌关系不大”,然后有人回应说 Sabrina 才是真正的作者,一切都是她写的。
Beato 的回应是:那你们为什么在署名名单上?
他的火力集中在两点。
第一是署名人数。一首歌十个人、十一个人署名。
第二是年度歌曲的评选标准。为什么年度歌曲里有那么多是“插值”(interpolation),也就是把别的歌的旋律直接搬过来?他说这以前叫偷。还有整首歌建立在采样上的,比如 Doechii 那首,拿 Gotye 的歌,去掉原旋律,在上面唱自己的旋律。他承认这样省时间,你不用自己做伴奏轨,直接在别人的成功作品上唱就行。
Lex 提到那首《Anxiety》,说他听完脑子有点转不过来。一层一层往上追,2011 年有一版,1967 年 Luiz Bonfá 还有一版。它确实是好歌,但它之前就是好歌,再之前也是好歌。所以凭什么它能进年度歌曲?
Beato 说,Doechii 那张专辑里有真正好的歌。问题在于,为什么浮到最上面的是这一首。
Lex 把批评的靶子挪开了:这更可能是对产业机制的批评,对着具体音乐人不公平。很多被点名的人本身就是很好的音乐人。他举了 Bruno Mars,说他是 Michael Jackson 的转世,是极其全面的创作者和演奏者。他又举了 Billie Eilish 和她哥哥 Finneas,两个人自己写。还有 Taylor Swift,历史级的人物,本质上是个创作歌手,而且她最多只有两个联合署名。他说 Taylor 是把这条线往下传的人。
Beato 同意,说 Taylor 确实自己做她的歌。
把水龙头拧开
Lex 问 Spotify 怎么改变了音乐。
Beato 的回答很短:它把音乐变成了商品,就像拧开水龙头。
他承认正面的一面。Spotify 公开播放量,一首歌播十亿次是有意义的信号,这种量级的歌很少。这是排行榜的基础。
负面的一面有两块。第一是付给艺人的方式,现在播客也被混进同一个池子分账。第二是算法:算法会把人困在同一个类型里,反复推同类的东西,探索新音乐的空间被压缩了。以前电台的节目编排人会放他自己喜欢的东西,你可能会突然听到一首没听过的歌,然后想“这是什么?哦,Soundgarden 的新专辑”,那种意外的撞击没有了。
Lex 说他其实一直在用 Spotify 的电台功能。他透露自己健身时听 Rage Against the Machine 电台,需要那种能量。电台会推一堆他完全不认识的艺人,偶尔蹦出一个让他惊呼的东西。就发现新音乐这件事,那套机制是有效的。
但他也承认失去了什么。以前他会守着自己那堆唱片,一张 Led Zeppelin 从头听到尾,开车的时候整张放完。那种听法没了。
Beato 说他保留着 2005 年前后的 iTunes 音乐库,那些从 CD 抓下来的文件。他做访谈时永远放 WAV 文件,不用流媒体版本。他采访混音师 Andy Wallace 那期,评论区一堆人说“这首歌听起来太惊人了”。原因不只是 Wallace 混得好,还因为他用的是原始 WAV,不是 Spotify 后来重新母带处理、往上加了一堆高频的版本。那是二十年前从 CD 抓下来的原始文件。
五十四岁开始拍视频
Lex 问,你在五十几岁开始做 YouTube,还做成了,这中间有什么可以提炼的东西。
Beato 的回答是:总得有人成功,为什么不能是你。
他说他一开始根本没想做频道。那个 Dylan 的视频爆了之后,大量的人找过来,其中很多是职业音乐人,有些是他认识的、你也听说过的名字,都问“你能不能教我这个”。他说我没法教你 Dylan 做到的事,但我可以教你相对音感,可以从那个方向开发你的耳朵。然后是全世界各地的音乐学院写信来问,你是怎么教 Dylan 的。他们前后做了四五个视频,越来越复杂。他说,那我干脆把这些做成 YouTube 视频讲清楚,这样我就不用一封一封回邮件了。
他妻子当时的反应是:“你在干什么?”他说我在拍 YouTube 视频。“为什么?”这样我就不用一遍一遍跟人解释这件事怎么做了。
第一个月四千订阅,第二个月又是四千。一年到十万,半年后二十万,再过三个月三十万。
他说他当时的想法是:没人会看一个白头发的老年人在 YouTube 上讲话。这个判断错了。
他的频道原则从头到尾没变过:只做自己真正感兴趣的东西。恰好其他人也对这些东西感兴趣。
还有一件很多人不知道的事。他做制作人的那些年,从不让乐队给他拍照,也从不让别人在录音室里拍他。1999 年到 2015 年 Dylan 那个视频出来之前,网上几乎没有他的照片。有人问能不能合影,他一律说不。
Lex 说,这里有一件 Beato 没明说的事。现在很多年轻人看 YouTube、TikTok、Instagram,想的是出名、是点击、是播放量,他们把这当成要优化的目标。而 Beato 走的路是先花很多年把一门手艺练到极致。线下练,然后才在线展示。追的是变强,名气是副产品。
他说,即使你练成的这门手艺最后不是你出名的原因,练成一件事和练成另一件事之间是有迁移的。它们会一个接一个把你带到下一个。如果一开始就追名气、追“怎么才能做出爆款”,即使真追到了,也是空的,也持续不了。
Beato 补充了自己的履历:本科古典贝斯,新英格兰音乐学院爵士吉他硕士。1987 到 1992 在大学教了五年爵士乐研究。1992 年拿到第一份出版合约,签在 PolyGram Publishing。三十七岁开始做制作人,当时完全不会录音工程,自学。然后是 YouTube,自学剪辑。然后是采访,他之前从来没做过采访。
Lex 补了一句:你不只是学会了做 YouTube,你还学会了做 YouTube Shorts,那是完全不同的技能。而且你不只是做 YouTube,你还要同时当一个音乐人,一个在 YouTube 上发东西的音乐人。这意味着你得想缩略图这些事。
Beato 说,缩略图一直是他自己做的。
Lex 说他代表整个互联网感谢 Beato 的一点:他的视频开头和结尾。别人是五分钟的视频配三十分钟的开场,他直接进正题。这大概跟他做制作人的背景有关,知道怎么切,怎么把废话砍掉。
永远不要浪费一段友谊
Beato 说过一句话:永远不要浪费一段友谊。
他的解释很朴素。他极其看重跟人共处的时间。他每周跟每一个兄弟姐妹通好几次电话,跟两个姐妹几乎每天晚上都聊。他有大学时代的朋友,有一起长大的朋友,有两所大学认识的朋友,人生各个阶段的朋友他都保持联系,能去看就去看。
Lex 说,你这辈子见过一些非常了不起的人,也见过一些非常古怪、非常有趣的人,所以花力气去连接、去重新连接,是值得的。
Beato 说,这几乎是生活的全部。没有任何东西比家庭和友情更重要。
Lex 说,那这一切到底是为了什么。
Beato 说,对,就是这个。
音乐到底在人类经验里做什么
Beato 的回答是:给人启发,成为他们人生的配乐。
Lex 说他有时一个人听一首歌,会被真正击中,那种感觉是活的,可能是悲伤,可能是希望,可能是兴奋。健身的时候听 Rage Against the Machine,那是抗议。这几天反复听 1991 年莫斯科那场,他一边在房间里走来走去一边听,整个人被点着了。他找不到别的东西能产生这种效果。
他说他不知道这在人类心理里到底是什么机制,但他很庆幸我们找到了它。人类造出了能振动琴弦的乐器,让它们一起产生和声与旋律,其中有些能穿过几代人,一直带着那份东西往前走。
Beato 说,创造音乐是人类做过的最伟大的事之一。
Lex 收尾时开了个玩笑:这一切最终通向某个被几百万人听着的家伙,Rick,这一切都是模拟的。
如果只带走几件事
这场对话里散落着大量可以直接用起来的东西。挑几条最容易上手的:
- 买一把琴,把它永远放在架子上,不要收进琴盒。走过路过就拿起来,“就拿一秒”,一秒会变成十分钟,十分钟会变成两小时。这是对抗“今天先歇一天”最有效的物理手段。
- 练琴先从和弦和歌开始,别一上来就学乐理。第一件真正要攻克的难题是手指立起来、别闷掉不该闷的弦,这个卡关期大概两到三周,疼也是两到三周。痛是临时的。
- 每天十分钟、一周七天,好过一周集中练一小时。总时长一样,肌肉记忆和神经通路的建立完全不同。
- 想练耳,从最小的音程开始:小二度、大二度,先听分开弹的旋律音程,再听一起弹的和声音程,然后是各种和弦性质。每天练,两三个月会有明显进展。这个过程本身就是在学乐理,因为乐理就是给音乐里的东西起名字。
- 想真正理解一首复杂的歌,就把它扒下来。别看教学视频,把唱针或进度条放回去,一个和弦一个和弦地试,试到听见“就是它”的那一刻。挣扎本身就是学习发生的地方。Joe Pass 一整张独奏唱片,就是被一个十年级的孩子用这种方式扒完的。
- 如果你的孩子还小,从孕期到九个月这段时间,每天放一些高信息量的音乐:巴赫的平均律、赋格、复杂的爵士。同时看着他,跟他一起听。社会脑必须参与进来,单纯放录音不管用。
- 如果你是创作者,被 Content ID 错误申诉了,去申诉。绝大多数人不申诉,正是这套系统能运转的原因。输了不亏,赢了就是四千次全胜里的那一次。
- 别把 AI 当成“生成一首歌”的按钮。把它当成一个想法生成器:用它出三十个方向,你从中挑出一个,然后自己动手改、自己重录、自己混。判断力是稀缺资源,而判断力只来自于你已经做过很多次。
- 做内容,做你真正感兴趣的东西。Beato 五十四岁开始拍视频,第一个判断是“没人会看一个白头发老头”,这个判断完全错了。他做的事只有一件:把自己真正在意的那些东西讲清楚,恰好别人也在意。
- 每周给兄弟姐妹、老朋友打电话。这是 Beato 的原话:没有任何东西比家庭和友情更重要。他不只是说说,他每天晚上都跟姐妹聊天。
最后还有一件事不在上面的清单里,但可能是这场对话真正的底色。
一个十四岁的孩子在没有任何资料可查的年代,靠一遍一遍放唱针,把 Joe Pass 一整张独奏唱片扒了下来。他不知道那些和弦叫什么,也不知道那叫转位。他只是把手指挪到一个位置,听,再挪,再听,挪到那个“就是它”的瞬间出现。
四十年后,他坐在一个几百万人收听的播客里,把那段独奏拆开讲给对面的人听。他说,那个挣扎才是全部的意义所在。
The following is a conversation with Rick Beato, legendary music educator, interviewer, producer, songwriter, and a true multi-instrument musician, playing guitar, bass, cello, and piano.
以下是与传奇音乐教育家、采访者、制作人、词曲作者、真正的多乐器音乐家 Rick Beato 的对话,他演奏吉他、贝斯、大提琴和钢琴。
00:00 Rick, with his incredible YouTube channel, celebrates great musicians and musical ideas, and helps millions of people, including me, fall in love with great music all over again.
Rick 通过他令人难以置信的 YouTube 频道颂扬伟大的音乐家和音乐创意,并帮助包括我在内的数百万人重新爱上伟大的音乐。
This is Lex Fridman Podcast.
这是莱克斯·弗里德曼播客。
To support it, please check out our sponsors in the description, where you can also find links to contact me, ask questions, give feedback, and so on.
为了支持它,请在描述中查看我们的赞助商,您还可以在其中找到联系我、提出问题、提供反馈等的链接。
And now, dear friends, here’s Rick Beato.
现在,亲爱的朋友们,这是里克·贝托。
You had, I think, an incredibly fun and diverse beginning to your music journey.
我认为你的音乐之旅有一个非常有趣和多样化的开始。
00:49 I heard somewhere that one of the things that made you fall in love with music was listening to guitar solos, some epic guitar solos.
我在某个地方听说,让你爱上音乐的原因之一就是听吉他独奏,一些史诗般的吉他独奏。
What’s an early guitar solo that you remember you connected to spiritually , musically, where you’re like, “Wow, there’s magic in this”?
你记得哪一首早期的吉他独奏让你在精神上、音乐上产生了共鸣,让你觉得“哇,这有魔力”?
Well, the first solo that I learned was Hey Joe.
嗯,我学的第一个独奏是《Hey Joe》。
01:07 It was actually a good beginner song, you know, when I first started playing the guitar, because it has pretty simple chords, right?
这实际上是一首很好的初学者歌曲,你知道,当我第一次开始弹吉他时,因为它有非常简单的和弦,对吧?
So it’s like E, C, G, D, A.
所以就像E、C、G、D、A。
And I learned the solo, and I figured out this, like, I’ll say it’s this pentatonic scale, E minor pentatonic scale though.
我学了独奏,我发现了这一点,就像,我会说这是五声音阶,不过是 E 小调五声音阶。
I didn’t know that’s what it was called, but learned this thing, and it’s like, “Whoa, he’s just in this one shape here.” Now, there was no…
我不知道它叫什么,但知道了这个东西,就像,“哇,他就是这个形状。”现在,没有了……
You couldn’t go look anything up.
你不能去查找任何东西。
You just, if you could figure out the notes, you noticed that there was a little pattern to it.
你只是,如果你能弄清楚这些笔记,你会注意到它有一个小模式。
01:42 And then I got so obsessed with it, and I showed my younger brother John, who started playing guitar right at the same time I did.
然后我就对它着迷了,我给我弟弟约翰看了,他和我同时开始弹吉他。
So I was 14, he was 11.
那年我14岁,他11岁。
And I would play rhythm for him for five minutes while he would solo over Hey Joe.
我会为他演奏五分钟节奏,而他则独奏《Hey Joe》。
And then as soon as I’d start soloing, he’d throw the guitar down, then we’d get in a fight.
然后我一开始独奏,他就会把吉他扔掉,然后我们就会吵架。
And so my mom eventually was like, “What is going on here?” And I was like, “John won’t play rhythm.” “John won’t play rhythm for me.” She’s like, “Okay, I’ll play rhythm for you.
所以我妈妈最终问:“这里发生了什么事?”我当时想,“约翰不会演奏节奏。” “约翰不会为我演奏节奏。”她就像是,“好吧,我会为你演奏节奏。
What, what are the chords?” And-
什么,和弦是什么?”还有——
That’s awesome.
太棒了。
…
……
02:17 I was like, “Okay, it’s like E, C, G, D, A.” And so my mom would literally play rhythm for 20 minutes while I’d play.
我当时想,“好吧,就像 E、C、G、D、A。”所以当我演奏时,我妈妈会演奏 20 分钟的节奏。
Hashtag parenting.
标签育儿。
That’s amazing.
太棒了。
02:27 When I look back on it now, my mom’s been gone for 10 years now.
现在回想起来,妈妈已经离开我十年了。
When I look back on it, it’s like, “My God, my parents were so cool.”
当我回想起来时,我感觉,“天哪,我的父母太酷了。”
We should mention that Hey Joe, and Hendrix in general, is kind of known for the rhythm not being simple rhythm, just the chords that you mentioned.
我们应该提到的是,Hey Joe 和 Hendrix 总体上以节奏而闻名,不是简单的节奏,只是你提到的和弦。
02:36 It’s what you do with those chords.
这就是你对这些和弦所做的事情。
It’s almost improvisation, the rhythm side.
这几乎是即兴创作,节奏方面。
He did all those really cool chord fragment riffs and things like that, that’s just part of his…
他做了所有那些非常酷的和弦片段即兴演奏和类似的事情,这只是他的一部分......
02:47 That’s the Hendrix style.
这就是亨德里克斯的风格。
What do you think?
你怎么认为?
02:54 I mean, many people put Hendrix as the greatest guitarist of all time.
我的意思是,很多人认为亨德里克斯是有史以来最伟大的吉他手。
What do you think is part of that?
您认为其中包括什么?
You know, I make lists.
你知道,我列了清单。
You do.
你做。
03:02 If you somehow don’t know who Rick Beato is, go on YouTube right now and watch your excellent interviews with musicians, watch your breakdown analysis of different songs, and watch your top 20 lists, where you’re very opinionated, sometimes very openly critical about certain kinds of songs.
如果您不知何故不知道 Rick Beato 是谁,请立即访问 YouTube,观看您对音乐家的精彩采访,观看您对不同歌曲的细分分析,并观看您的前 20 名列表,其中您非常固执己见,有时对某些类型的歌曲非常公开批评。
It’s fun.
这很有趣。
Opinions are fun.
意见很有趣。
But they do change, Lex, from day to day.
但莱克斯,它们确实每天都在变化。
Yeah, exactly.
是的,完全正确。
You know, like I…
你知道,像我一样……
03:31 But when, anytime I do a list, if I do 20, I like to do 20 because that gives me some leeway to throw in.
但是,每当我列出清单时,如果我做了 20 个,我喜欢做 20 个,因为这给了我一些投入的余地。
I have to throw in something that is so weird that people, you know…
我必须加入一些非常奇怪的东西,人们知道……
Something that a lot of people won’t know, just to have it on there, so I can at least introduce a person.
很多人不知道的东西,只是把它放在那里,所以我至少可以介绍一个人。
You know, I’ll put somebody like Allan Holdsworth, who’s a famous fusion guitar player.
你知道,我会选择像艾伦·霍尔兹沃斯(Allan Holdsworth)这样的人,他是一位著名的融合吉他手。
I’ll throw in one of his solos or something—just some, some oddball solo in there, just so that people, as they’re listening down the list, will get exposed to something they would not necessarily get exposed to.
我会加入他的一首独奏或其他东西——只是一些,一些奇怪的独奏,这样人们在听列表时就会接触到他们不一定会接触到的东西。
Yeah, a lot of variety.
是的,种类很多。
04:05 But Hendrix…
但是亨德里克斯……
Did you show up here today, Rick, try to tell me that Hendrix is not up there?
里克,你今天出现在这里了吗?试着告诉我亨德里克斯不在上面吗?
I just am getting that vibe right now.
我现在才感受到那种氛围。
No, I’m not.
不,我不是。
04:16 But I don’t want to say greatest, you know…
但我不想说最好,你知道……
You can say, well, there are people that inspired Jimi Hendrix.
你可以说,好吧,有些人启发了吉米·亨德里克斯。
Charlie Christian, older guitar players.
查理·克里斯蒂安(Charlie Christian),老吉他手。
Charlie Christian and Django Reinhardt were the first two really big, and probably Andrés Segovia—those were three of the giants of the 20th century, as far as guitar influences for most of the players that were to follow.
查理·克里斯蒂安(Charlie Christian)和姜戈·莱因哈特(Django Reinhardt)是前两位真正的大人物,也许还有安德烈斯·塞戈维亚(Andrés Segovia)——就对大多数后来的吉他演奏家的影响而言,他们是 20 世纪的三位巨人。
So here, going to Perplexity, Django Reinhardt was, of course, a jazz guitarist and composer, active mainly in France, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest guitarists in jazz history.
所以,来到 Perplexity,姜戈·莱因哈特 (Django Reinhardt) 当然是一位爵士吉他手和作曲家,主要活跃在法国,被广泛认为是爵士乐历史上最伟大的吉他手之一。
So, Django was…
所以,姜戈是……
04:54 Well, there’s a huge movement right now, Gypsy Jazz Movement, as they call it- …
嗯,现在有一场巨大的运动,吉普赛爵士乐运动,他们称之为——……
that is kind of built around this style of music that he played back in the early 20th century.
这是围绕他在 20 世纪初演奏的音乐风格而建立的。
One of the things about Django is that he was in a fire, and he had two of his third and fourth finger, so his ring finger and pinky were essentially melted together.
关于姜戈的一件事是,他在火中,他有两个无名指和无名指,所以他的无名指和小指基本上融化在一起了。
He had no use of them.
他没有用它们。
Although he could use them while he was chording, but a lot of these incredibly fast lines, he’s just playing with two fingers.
虽然他可以在和弦时使用它们,但很多这些令人难以置信的快速线条,他只是用两根手指演奏。
And it’s amazing.
这太棒了。
That…
那……
05:44 What is that?
那是什么?
So that’s Gypsy Jazz.
这就是吉普赛爵士乐。
That’s Gypsy Jazz, yeah.
那是吉普赛爵士乐,是的。
05:48 Him; Stéphane Grappelli was a violinist that played with him a lot.
他;斯特凡·格拉佩利 (Stéphane Grappelli) 是一位经常与他一起演奏的小提琴家。
How much of this is improvisation?
其中有多少是即兴创作?
Everything he’s doing there is improvised.
他在那里所做的一切都是即兴创作的。
It feels so free.
感觉很自由。
06:07 And fun like swing, and then at least you said pre-bebop.
和摇摆乐一样有趣,然后至少你说前波普音乐。
So bebop was a kind of jazz that was also influential on you in your own life journey.
所以比博普是一种爵士乐,在你自己的人生旅程中也对你产生了影响。
And it’s this complicated, legendary kind of jazz that was very influential on the music that followed.
正是这种复杂而传奇的爵士乐对后来的音乐产生了非常大的影响。
So what, what was bebop?
那又怎样,什么是bebop?
Well, after the big bands were happening in the, you know, from the ’20s through the ’40s, people would go out and play in small groups that they would tour with.
嗯,在大乐队出现之后,你知道,从 20 年代到 40 年代,人们会出去演出,并与他们一起巡演。
06:29 And Charlie Parker, who’s really kind of the, one of the main figures of early bebop, really developed the language of it.
查理·帕克(Charlie Parker)是早期比波普音乐的主要人物之一,他真正发展了比波普音乐的语言。
Usually, the music that they’re playing over are standard chord progressions- …
通常,他们播放的音乐是标准和弦进行——……
that they would use as vehicles to improvise over.
他们将用它作为临时搭建的工具。
A lot of them were AABA form.
其中很多都是AABA形式。
And Charlie Parker created this language of improvisation that was far more sophisticated than the swing players of the big band era.
查理·帕克创造了这种即兴创作的语言,它比大乐队时代的摇摆乐手更加复杂。
You know, think of people like Benny Goodman of that era.
你知道,想想那个时代的本尼·古德曼这样的人。
They would have really fast tempo songs, angular lines, chromaticism, things like that, chromatic notes.
他们会有非常快节奏的歌曲、有棱角的线条、半音阶、类似的东西、半音阶音符。
Chromatic notes are just notes next to each other on-
半音阶音符只是彼此相邻的音符——
Next to each other, yeah.
彼此相邻,是的。
…
……
07:27 on the keyboard.
在键盘上。
I like to think of it as connecting notes.
我喜欢将其视为连接笔记。
Connecting.
正在连接。
07:30 You’re putting in more notes than are supposed to be there and so doing, creating some interesting texture.
你输入的音符比应有的多,这样就创造了一些有趣的纹理。
Yeah, so that is one of the most difficult styles to master, because all these things are a language.
是的,所以这是最难掌握的风格之一,因为所有这些东西都是一种语言。
07:36 Blues playing, they’re all just languages, right?
布鲁斯演奏,它们都只是语言,对吧?
It’s like, just like you’d learn any type of language.
就像,就像你学习任何类型的语言一样。
My dad loved bebop.
我爸爸喜欢比波普音乐。
Now, when I was a little kid and he’s listening to these bebop records, whether it’s Charlie Parker or Dizzy Gillespie or Oscar Peterson, Joe Pass, great jazz guitar player, I’m just hearing this stuff.
现在,当我还是个小孩子的时候,他正在听这些比波普唱片,无论是查理·帕克、迪兹·吉莱斯皮还是奥斯卡·彼得森、乔·帕斯,伟大的爵士吉他手,我只是听到这些东西。
I don’t know any different.
我不知道有什么不同。
My dad was not a musician, but for some reason, he liked incredibly sophisticated-
我父亲不是音乐家,但出于某种原因,他喜欢极其复杂的——
08:11 …
……
music that was very technical.
非常有技术含量的音乐。
And I just heard it and just was like, “Oh, yeah, okay, cool.” And not realizing that it was developing my ear, because I really, bebop is one of the hardest to improvise in that style, in that language of bebop.
我只是听到了,然后就想,“哦,是的,好吧,酷。”我没有意识到它正在培养我的耳朵,因为我真的,波普音乐是那种风格、那种波普语言中最难即兴创作的音乐之一。
It’s very difficult to do.
这很难做到。
And hearing it as a kid is one of the things that I think enables you, just like languages, enables you to learn it as opposed to somebody that’s never been exposed to it and tries to learn it as a teenager.
我认为小时候听到它是让你能够学习它的因素之一,就像语言一样,它能让你学习它,而不是那些从未接触过它并在青少年时期尝试学习它的人。
So I think it’s very similar to learning languages, which kinda is like my theory on perfect pitch, that every child is born with perfect pitch.
所以我认为这与学习语言非常相似,这有点像我的完美音高理论,每个孩子生来就有完美音高。
And they start to lose the ability around nine months-
他们在九个月左右开始失去这种能力-
09:05 …
……
when people become culturally bound listeners, when babies do.
当人们成为受文化约束的倾听者时,当婴儿成为时。
They start out as citizens of the world, you know?
他们一开始就是世界公民,你知道吗?
They have the neural pathways to hear the sounds, the phonemes of all 6,500 languages spoken on Earth.
它们拥有听到声音的神经通路,即地球上所有 6,500 种语言的音素。
But then around nine months, they begin to lose that ability and they, when they become these culturally bound listeners, there’s a great YouTube video with this woman, Patricia Kuhl.
但大约九个月后,他们开始失去这种能力,当他们成为这些受文化束缚的听众时,YouTube 上有一个关于这位名叫帕特里夏·库尔 (Patricia Kuhl) 的女士的精彩视频。
She’s a language researcher.
她是一名语言研究员。
And I watched this, “The Linguistic Genius of Babies.”
我看了这个《婴儿的语言天才》。
09:40 I saw this in 2010, this lecture that she did, like a TED Talk, and she talks about this, that kids, they did an experiment.
我在 2010 年看到了这个,她做的这个演讲,就像 TED 演讲一样,她谈到了这个,孩子们,他们做了一个实验。
They exposed kids to Mandarin three times a week for 25-minute sessions, just a person speaking Mandarin to these babies.
他们每周让孩子们接触普通话 3 次,每次 25 分钟,只有一个人对这些婴儿说普通话。
And they were able to recognize the sounds, the phonemes of that language even later on.
甚至后来他们也能够识别该语言的声音和音素。
And when I realized that my son Dylan had perfect pitch, I thought, “Why does Dylan have perfect pitch but no one in my family had ever had perfect pitch?” And I thought, “Well, it must be because of the things I exposed to him prenatally and then in the first nine months of his life.” ‘Cause that’s the only way I could explain it.
当我意识到我的儿子迪伦拥有完美音高时,我想:“为什么迪伦拥有完美音高,但我家里却没有人拥有完美音高?”我想,“嗯,这一定是因为我在他出生前以及在他生命的前九个月里接触到的东西。”因为这是我能解释的唯一方法。
We’re gonna return to Joe Pass.
我们要返回乔帕斯。
10:27 We gotta go to Dylan.
我们得去找迪伦。
You mentioned Dylan.
你提到了迪伦。
I guess that’s in part one of the origin stories of you putting out videos into the world, is the early videos you did with Dylan, a set of videos on his perfect pitch.
我想这在一定程度上是你向世界发布视频的起源故事之一,是你和迪伦一起制作的早期视频,一组关于他完美音调的视频。
And for people who don’t know, maybe you can speak to what perfect pitch means.
对于那些不知道的人,也许你可以谈谈完美音高的含义。
It’s the ability to identify any note without a reference tone.
它能够在没有参考音的情况下识别任何音符。
10:45 So you can play, it doesn’t matter how quickly they are, a person with perfect pitch can hear a note and immediately identify it.
所以你可以演奏,无论速度有多快,音高完美的人都可以听到一个音符并立即识别它。
Or a collection of notes.
或者笔记集。
And taking a tangent upon a tangent, you also have a course on ear training.
切线之上,你还有一门关于耳朵训练的课程。
Yes, but my course is for relative pitch-
是的,但我的课程是相对音高-
Relative pitch
相对螺距
…
……
11:08 not to be confused with perfect pitch.
不要与完美音高相混淆。
Is it fair to say that relative pitch, as far as the thing you would learn, is more useful-
就你要学到的东西而言,可以公平地说相对音调更有用吗?
Yes
是的
…
……
11:14 for musicians?
对于音乐家?
Yes.
是的。
Can you explain the difference between the two?
你能解释一下两者之间的区别吗?
Relative pitch is basically learning how to identify pitches relative to a stated tonic or something that you’ve heard, or just relative to each other.
相对音高基本上是学习如何识别相对于指定的主音或你听过的东西的音高,或者只是相对于彼此的音高。
11:17 If you hear a note and then you hear another note after it, you can recognize, let’s say, it’s a minor third interval.
如果您听到一个音符,然后再听到另一个音符,您可以识别出,比方说,这是一个小三度音程。
So if you’re on the note A, the next note would be C.
所以如果你在音符 A 上,下一个音符就是 C。
So once you’re given a reference note, you can use relative pitch to identify the relative nature from one pitch to another.
因此,一旦获得参考音符,您就可以使用相对音高来识别一个音高与另一个音高的相对性质。
And of course, intervals make up scales, and intervals make up chords-
当然,音程构成音阶,音程构成和弦——
Chords, yup.
和弦,是的。
…
……
11:51 and so that if you develop it to any degree, relative pitch, you can understand, you can hear the music better.
这样,如果你将其发展到任何程度,相对音高,你就能理解,你就能更好地听到音乐。
What does it take, since we’re taking a tangent on a tangent, what does it take to train your ear?
既然我们是在切线上切线,那需要什么来训练你的耳朵呢?
What’s a TL;DR on the course before people go out and sign up?
在人们出去报名之前,关于课程的 TL;DR 是什么?
It’s just practice, basically.
基本上,这只是练习。
12:13 You start with intervals.
你从间隔开始。
Typically with small intervals like minor second, major second.
通常有小音程,如小二度、大二度。
So minor second would be a half-step, major second would be a whole-step.
所以小二度是半音,大二度是全音。
Are you listening to the tone one after the other or two of them together?
您是一个接一个地听音调还是同时听两个音调?
Both.
两个都。
12:26 So played separately, it’s called melodic intervals, right, like a melody?
那么单独演奏,就叫做旋律音程,对吧,就像旋律一样?
And harmonic intervals are played like a harmony, together.
和声音程就像和声一样一起演奏。
So you have to be able to identify them both, both ways.
所以你必须能够以两种方式识别它们。
What’s an early journey?
什么是早期旅行?
12:38 Like, we’ll give people a preview of what they should…
就像,我们会让人们预览他们应该做什么……
Like, what does that look like?
就像,那看起来像什么?
What does practice look like?
练习是什么样的?
Well, my course, it will play you an interval, and then you identify it by clicking on whether it’s, you know, a major third, or minor third, or major sixth, or minor sixth, or perfect fifth, or tritone, whatever it is.
嗯,我的课程,它会为你播放一个音程,然后你可以通过点击它来识别它,你知道,是大三度、小三度、大六度、小六度、纯五度还是三全音,无论它是什么。
12:44 And it will teach you gradually, over time, how to recognize all the intervals.
随着时间的推移,它会逐渐教你如何识别所有的音程。
So you listen to a melodic interval or a harmonic interval.
所以你听的是旋律音程或和声音程。
13:02 How quickly does the ear in the various age groups that we humans are in, how quickly does the ear learn the different intervals?
我们人类所处的各个年龄段的耳朵学习不同音程的速度有多快?
Is it a week?
是一周吗?
Two weeks?
两周?
A month?
一个月?
Two months?
两个月?
Five years?
五年?
I think you’d do it pretty quickly.
我想你会很快做到的。
13:23 Within, you know, if you practice, within a couple of months, you can really make a lot of progress on it, if you practice daily.
在里面,你知道,如果你练习,在几个月内,如果你每天练习,你真的可以取得很大的进步。
What benefit does it have to you as a musician in general?
作为一名音乐家,它对你有什么好处?
Well, it’s great if you wanna hear a chord progression if you’re trying to figure out a song.
好吧,如果你想听听和弦进行,或者想弄清楚一首歌,那就太好了。
13:36 And you can say, “Oh, that’s going from the six minor chord, or the four major, to the five major, to the one major.” And you can just identify it immediately, and then you figure out what the first chord is, then you know what the rest of the chords are ’cause they’re in relation to whatever that first chord is.
你可以说,“哦,这是从六小调和弦,或四大调,到五大调,再到一大调。”你可以立即识别它,然后你找出第一个和弦是什么,然后你知道其余的和弦是什么,因为它们与第一个和弦相关。
And for learning solos, for example, or learning melodies, being able to sound something out.
例如,学习独奏或学习旋律,能够发出声音。
Now, do you recommend people couple that with music theory in terms of education, the education journey?
现在,您是否建议人们将其与音乐理论结合起来进行教育、教育之旅?
They have to be taught together because these terms are really music theory, right?
他们必须一起教授,因为这些术语实际上是音乐理论,对吧?
14:09 Those intervals: major second, minor second, major third, minor third, perfect fourth.
这些音程:大二度、小二度、大三度、小三度、纯四度。
So as you’re doing that, and then you…
所以当你这样做时,然后你……
Once you learn the intervals, the 12 intervals in an octave, then you learn them both melodically and harmonically, so played together and separate.
一旦你学习了音程,即一个八度音程中的 12 个音程,你就可以学习它们的旋律和和声,所以可以一起演奏,也可以分开演奏。
Then you learn chords, and so then you learn to identify major, minor, diminished, augmented, suspended chords, things like that.
然后你学习和弦,然后你学习识别大调、小调、减和弦、增和弦、挂和弦,诸如此类。
Well, you’re basically learning music theory at the same time with that.
嗯,你基本上是在同时学习音乐理论。
Because learning…
因为学习...
Music theory is just the name of things in music.
音乐理论只是音乐事物的名称。
So there’s the sound of things.
所以就有了事物的声音。
14:48 There’s the name of things, and then there’s the haptic, like playing the thing- …
首先是事物的名称,然后是触觉,就像玩这个东西一样——……
probably.
可能。
So playing chords, playing scales, you have, I believe, a course on scales and on chords?
那么弹奏和弦、弹奏音阶,我相信你有关于音阶和和弦的课程吗?
Okay.
好的。
Since we’re doing the tangent, let’s go.
既然我们要做切线,那就走吧。
How do you recommend people…
你如何推荐人...
There’s a bunch of people listening to this that are curious about how they can start in playing guitar, maybe even playing piano and maybe playing other instruments.
有很多人听了这个,很好奇他们如何开始弹吉他,甚至弹钢琴,也许弹其他乐器。
Although guitar, of course, is the greatest instrument of all time.
当然,吉他是有史以来最伟大的乐器。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
What are the early steps of that journey?
这一旅程的早期步骤是什么?
15:19 What do you recommend people do in general?
您一般建议人们做什么?
Well, if you’re a beginner getting a good beginner guitar course and learning, first of all, the open chords in first position.
好吧,如果您是初学者,正在学习良好的初学者吉他课程并学习,首先,第一位置的开放和弦。
15:23 A lot of songs can be played that way.
很多歌曲都可以这样播放。
A lot of old songs can be played that way, maybe not new modern songs necessarily.
很多老歌都可以这样演奏,但不一定是新的现代歌曲。
So learning a few chords and with an eye towards maybe playing a song?
那么学习一些和弦并着眼于演奏一首歌?
Yeah.
是的。
15:44 With an eye towards…
着眼于……
You learn the chord shapes and you learn how to strum basic patterns to begin with.
您将学习和弦形状,并学习如何开始弹奏基本模式。
I think the first thing for learning guitar is actually how to position your fingers so that you don’t mute strings that you don’t want to mute.
我认为学习吉他的第一件事实际上是如何定位你的手指,这样你就不会静音你不想静音的琴弦。
That’s the hardest thing for people to do, basically, is to get their fingers arched to where they…
基本上,这对人们来说最难做的事情就是让他们的手指拱到他们……的位置。
If you’re playing a C major chord, your index finger’s on the first fret of the B string, and you have to have that open E string ringing there.
如果你弹奏 C 大调和弦,你的食指放在 B 弦的第一个品格上,你必须让空 E 弦在那里响起。
And it’s hard for people to make those micro-adjustments.
人们很难做出这些微调。
You take it for granted, like, you’ve been playing guitar- …
你认为这是理所当然的,比如,你一直在弹吉他——……
for, I don’t know, how many years?
我不知道,有多少年了?
Forever, right?
永远,对吧?
Forever, yeah.
永远,是的。
And you don’t even think about stuff like that when you’re playing a guitar solo.
当你弹奏吉他独奏时,你甚至不会考虑这样的事情。
16:22 Every little thing that you do if you’re playing your Comfortably Numb guitar solo- …
当你弹奏舒适麻木的吉他独奏时,你所做的每一件小事——……
you have to, out of mid-air, strike the string that your finger’s on to play the note.
你必须在半空中敲击手指所弹奏的琴弦才能弹奏该音符。
And these are all fine adjustments that you’re doing.
这些都是你正在做的细微调整。
I’m just a hobbyist recreational player, but it…
我只是一个业余爱好者休闲玩家,但它......
16:39 Wow, you’re taking me all the way back.
哇,你带我一路回来。
You’re right, it’s the haptic, the physical aspect of it is really tricky.
你是对的,这就是触觉,它的物理方面确实很棘手。
Comfortably Numb is a good example, but if you do lead, you have to get a super clean sound.
Comfortively Numb 就是一个很好的例子,但如果你做主音,你就必须获得超级干净的声音。
Now, that’s both when you’re playing fast, you want it to be super precise, but when you play slow, when you have one note, and you’re holding it, and you’re bending it- …
现在,当你弹得快的时候,你希望它超级精确,但当你弹得慢的时候,当你有一个音符,你拿着它,你在弯曲它——……
it better be really clean.
最好是非常干净。
Yes.
是的。
And for that, it’s…
为此,它是……
17:06 I guess you have to really place the finger in the right place.
我想你必须将手指真正放在正确的位置。
Plus, there’s the…
另外,还有……
Well, there’s the calluses, so it doesn’t hurt.
嗯,有老茧,所以不疼。
And then the positioning of the string on the curvature of- …
然后将弦定位在-...的曲率上
of the finger.
手指的。
Where does it fall?
它落在哪里?
Like, how much do you bend the finger?
比如,你的手指弯曲多少度?
You have to have enough flesh on it to actually raise the string in pitch.
你必须有足够的肉来真正提高琴弦的音调。
Yep.
是的。
17:30 Yep.
是的。
otherwise it-
否则它-
Yeah, ’cause you’re lifting it with part of a flesh.
是的,因为你用肉的一部分举起它。
17:31 And of course, you have to decide, depends on how OCD you are, do you wanna be like the perfect, the proper musician?
当然,你必须决定,取决于你的强迫症程度,你想成为完美的、合适的音乐家吗?
Or do you wanna do a Hendrix?
或者你想模仿亨德里克斯吗?
So the thumb over the top.
所以把拇指放在上面。
Way over the top, yes.
太夸张了,是的。
And so, like, you…
所以,就像,你……
17:48 I if you have a fretboard here, I think the more, like, classical guitarists, the very proper, perfect perpendicular alignment of the fingertips to the fretboard, versus, like, Hendrix’s, like, “Fuck it.
如果你这里有指板,我认为更像是古典吉他手,指尖与指板的非常正确、完美的垂直对齐,而不是像亨德里克斯那样,“操它。
You nerds.
你们这些书呆子。
I’m gonna do it.” With the messiness is part of the magic.
我会做的。”混乱是魔法的一部分。
Of course, like B.B.
当然,就像 B.B.
King is also kind of messy looking in terms of his positioning of the fingers, but his tone is incredibly clean.
King的手指位置看起来也有点凌乱,但他的语气却非常干净。
Yes, super clean.
是的,超级干净。
So, like, that teaches you that maybe any position can converge towards a super clean tone.
所以,这告诉你,也许任何位置都可以趋向于超级干净的音调。
18:23 You just have to figure it out.
你只需要弄清楚。
I think a lot of it has to do with how they wear their guitars.
我认为这很大程度上与他们佩戴吉他的方式有关。
18:30 If you wear your guitar low, if you’re Hendrix and you’re wearing your guitar-
如果你把吉他放低,如果你是亨德里克斯并且你戴着吉他-
That’s true.
确实如此。
…
……
18:38 if you’re wearing it lower, lower, then you can’t get your fingers on top of it like that.
如果你把它戴得越来越低,那么你的手指就无法像那样放在上面。
And, the thumb acts as a way to mute the lower strings from ringing if you’re playing through a loud amplifier.
而且,如果您通过响亮的扩音器演奏,拇指可以起到使低音弦静音的作用。
So there’s so many other micro-adjustments when you’re playing leads, ’cause you have to kind of mute the other strings that are…
所以当你演奏主音时,还有很多其他的微调,因为你必须将其他弦静音……
so they don’t ring out— …
这样他们就不会响起——……
if you’re pl- playing the first note in Comfortably Numb and the solo at the end, and you’re at the ninth fret of the G-string, and you bend that- …
如果你正在演奏《舒适麻木》中的第一个音符和最后的独奏,并且你处于丁字弦的第九品,并且你弯曲了它-......
if you bend that G-string and you accidentally hit the B-string under it- …
如果你弯曲丁字裤并且不小心撞到了它下面的乙字弦——……
you don’t want that ringing.
你不想要那个铃声。
So you have to kind of angle your index finger so it-
所以你必须调整食指的角度,这样-
To mute
静音
…
……
19:18 to mute that.
静音。
So all these micro-adjustments that you don’t even think about…
所以所有这些你甚至没有想到的细微调整......
I mean, you’re not thinking about that, Lex, when you’re playing it.
我的意思是,莱克斯,当你玩它的时候,你不会想到这一点。
You’ve done it so many times that these things are just part of your brain.
你已经做过很多次了,这些东西已经成为你大脑的一部分了。
That’s why this is such a great brain developer for kids to learn instruments.
这就是为什么这是一个非常适合孩子学习乐器的大脑开发工具。
Yeah, of course, you have to solve that puzzle.
是的,当然,你必须解决这个难题。
19:36 It must be really frustrating in the beginning, like holding a chord.
一开始一定很令人沮丧,就像拉住和弦一样。
Like all of ’em, and it hurts too, right?
就像他们所有人一样,这也很痛,对吧?
It does hurt.
确实很痛。
If you’re doing acoustic guitar.
如果您正在演奏原声吉他。
Not for that long, though.
不过,不会持续那么久。
19:47 For like a week.
大约一个星期。
Couple, couple, yeah.
情侣,情侣,对啊。
Couple weeks.
几个星期。
Couple.
夫妻。
I don’t want to discourage anyone, you know.
我不想让任何人灰心,你知道。
19:55 It’s actually pretty easy to learn basic stuff.
学习基本的东西实际上很容易。
Right, but the pain is temporary, I guess is the point I’m trying to make.
是的,但痛苦是暂时的,我想这就是我想要表达的观点。
19:59 So, what else?
那么,还有什么呢?
So the physical component, play a few chords, where does the journey continue if you’re learning guitar?
那么,身体部分,弹奏一些和弦,如果你正在学习吉他,旅程将在哪里继续?
Well then, it’s like if you play electric guitar, then you get into single note playing and stuff like that.
那么,就像如果你弹电吉他,然后你就会进入单音符演奏之类的东西。
20:11 That’s where it gets, to me, where it gets really fun.
对我来说,这就是它真正有趣的地方。
You know, you have single note playing with riffs, if you think of Back In Black, right, that has a riff embedded in the actual melody.
你知道,你可以用单音符演奏即兴演奏,如果你想到《Back In Black》,对吧,它在实际旋律中嵌入了即兴演奏。
Or many songs that have riffs, the Hendrix stuff that has chordal riffs, and you’re moving up the neck and involving all the fingers and things like that.
或者很多有连复段的歌曲,亨德里克斯的歌曲有和弦连复段,你会向上移动脖子并涉及所有手指和类似的东西。
So there’s…
所以有……
it really depends on what you wanna, what styles you wanna play.
这实际上取决于你想要什么,你想玩什么风格。
So you’re thinking about song learning.
所以你正在考虑歌曲学习。
20:44 So different components of song learning: so riffs in songs, lead-in songs.
歌曲学习的不同组成部分:歌曲中的连复段、引导歌曲。
And then you have finger picking, if you have Stairway to Heaven, songs like that.
然后你会弹奏手指,如果你有《天国的阶梯》之类的歌曲。
20:52 How ’bout wanting to learn that?
想学这个怎么样?
That involves finger picking, because you have to isolate certain notes of the chord and play two together, you know, and multiple times.
这涉及手指拨弦,因为你必须隔离和弦的某些音符并将两个音符一起演奏,你知道,并且多次。
There’s a few crossroads where you get to select things.
有几个十字路口,你可以在其中选择东西。
21:07 So I guess you’re speaking to the fact there’s a…
所以我猜你说的事实是……
if you’re righty, there’s a right hand that you can use your fingers or you can use a pick.
如果您是右撇子,则有一只右手,您可以使用手指或镐。
And that’s a choice you make.
这是你做出的选择。
And sometimes you use both, ’cause in Stairway to Heaven, you’re using the fingers at the beginning, or fingers and pick, hybrid, they call it hybrid picking, and then later on, you’re using the pick to flat pick the picking patterns.
有时你会同时使用两者,因为在《天堂的阶梯》中,你一开始使用手指,或者手指和拨片,混合,他们称之为混合拨片,然后,你使用拨片平拨拨片模式。
On the music theory front, do you recommend people learn scales and chords and like the theory of it?
在音乐理论方面,您是否建议人们学习音阶和和弦并喜欢它的理论?
Later on, I would say.
稍后我会说。
21:40 I wouldn’t say necessarily right off the bat.
我不会立即说一定是这样。
I think learning songs is the first thing that you should do ’cause you want to keep people motivated.
我认为学习歌曲是你应该做的第一件事,因为你想保持人们的积极性。
So you get them to like fall in love with music and playing?
所以你让他们喜欢上音乐和演奏?
21:52 All right.
好的。
And that takes a couple months, three months?
这需要几个月、三个月?
Depends on how motivated they are.
取决于他们的动机有多大。
So you recommend practicing, what, every day?
所以你建议每天练习,什么?
Every day.
每天。
22:04 My son, Dylan, when he started learning the guitar a couple years ago, I said, “It’s better to practice 10 minutes a day, seven days a week than to practice one day for an hour, which is roughly the same amount of time.”
我的儿子迪伦(Dylan)几年前开始学习吉他时,我对他说:“每周 7 天、每天练习 10 分钟比每天练习一个小时要好,两者的时间大致相同。”
Yeah, but it usually turns into something longer.
是的,但它通常会变得更长。
22:19 But otherwise, like, if you’re a busy life, you know, taking a day off…
但除此之外,就像,如果你生活忙碌,你知道,休息一天......
that day turns into a week, and then a week turns into a month, and all of a sudden you haven’t touched the instrument for months.
那天变成了一周,然后一周变成了一个月,突然间你已经好几个月没有碰过乐器了。
Which is why I leave my guitar on a stand all the time, so that if I walk by it, I’m like, “Oh, okay, I’ll just pick it up for a second.” Then that second turns into 10 minutes, and an hour, two hours.
这就是为什么我总是把吉他放在架子上,这样当我走过它时,我就会想,“哦,好吧,我把它捡起来一会儿。”然后那一秒变成了十分钟,一小时,两小时。
All right, we gotta talk about this Dylan video.
好吧,我们得谈谈迪伦的这段视频。
22:43 So this might be one of the earliest-
所以这可能是最早的之一——
That’s the first one.
这是第一个。
That’s the first video on the channel.
这是该频道的第一个视频。
It was actually before the channel, ’cause this actually blew up on Facebook-
实际上是在频道之前,因为这实际上在 Facebook 上炸开了锅——
脸书
…
……
22:54 and then I put it on YouTube after.
然后我把它放到了 YouTube 上。
So if it’s okay?
那么如果可以的话?
Yeah.
是的。
23:00 Okay, Dylan, we’re gonna do the hardest ear training test of all time.
好的,迪伦,我们要做有史以来最难的听力训练测试。
Are you ready?
你准备好了吗?
Ready.
准备好。
23:06 Oh.
哦。
Now, I…
现在,我...
23:10 just a quick backstory on this.
只是简单介绍一下这方面的背景故事。
I made this for my friend Shane’s wife who wanted to see…
我为我朋友肖恩的妻子做了这个,她想看看……
’cause Shane was a friend that I was producing, and he was there, and Dylan had come down the day, in the day, and I said, “Oh, check this out,” and I played this stuff.
因为肖恩是我制作的朋友,他也在场,迪伦那天也来了,我说,“哦,看看这个,”然后我就演奏了这些东西。
He’s like, “That’s amazing.
他说:“太棒了。
Can you make a video so I can show my wife?” And I was on the way to a school board meeting, ’cause I was on the school board at Dylan’s school- …
你能拍个视频给我妻子看吗?”我当时正在去参加学校董事会会议的路上,因为我是迪伦学校董事会的成员——……
and I said, “Hey, Dylan, come downstairs.
我说:“嘿,迪伦,下楼来。
I want to make this video.
我想做这个视频。
It’ll take one minute, just need to do this thing for my friend, Shane.” And he’s like, “I don’t want to.” And I said, “Come on, this’ll take one minute.” “I don’t want to.” So I said to my wife, I’m like, “Nia, would you tell Dylan to come downstairs?
这需要一分钟,只需为我的朋友肖恩做这件事。”他说:“我不想。”我说:“来吧,这需要一分钟。” “我不想。”所以我对我的妻子说,“妮娅,你能叫迪伦下楼吗?
I want to do this video.
我想做这个视频。
23:51 It’ll take one minute.” She’s like, “Dylan, go downstairs.” And he had, he has a mouthful of candy there- …
需要一分钟。”她说:“迪伦,下楼吧。”他有,他满嘴都是糖果——……
’cause he was eating candy.
因为他正在吃糖果。
So if you look at him, he literally has a mouthful of candy while he’s doing this.
所以如果你看他,他在做这个的时候确实满嘴都是糖果。
And we should say, on Facebook it went quite viral.
我们应该说,它在 Facebook 上疯传了。
Yeah, like got-…
是的,就像得到了——
24:08 I don’t know, 80 million views.
我不知道,八千万次观看。
Something like…
像…
it had like 250,000 comments.
它有大约 250,000 条评论。
Something like that.
类似的事情。
Insane.
疯狂的。
How old is Dylan here?
迪伦在这里几岁了?
He’s eight.
他八岁了。
Eight years old?
八岁?
24:17 Can you actually give some more backstory about, like, how you discovered that Dylan has perfect pitch?
你能否提供更多背景故事,比如你是如何发现迪伦拥有完美音调的?
So when Dylan was about two, he…
所以当迪伦两岁时,他……
24:23 I was doing a FaceTime with my brother Jon, and I was like, “Check this out, Jon.” And I played the Stone in Love, Neal Schon’s solo from Journey, and I was like, “Check this out.” And Dylan would sing along and my brother Jon was like, “Wow, Dylan can sing all the notes.” And I was like, “Yeah.” Then I played Black Dog, Zeppelin-
我正在和我的兄弟乔恩进行 FaceTime,我说:“看看这个,乔恩。”我演奏了《Journey》中 Neal Schon 的独奏《Stone in Love》,我当时想,“看看这个。”迪伦会跟着唱,我哥哥乔恩说,“哇,迪伦可以唱所有的音符。”我当时想,“是的。”然后我玩了《黑狗》、《齐柏林飞艇》——
24:45 …
……
and Dylan would sing that.
迪伦会唱这首歌。
And it’s like, “Dylan’s got a good ear.” Then Jon and I were like, “Well, we have good ears, too.” So it was probably…
就像,“迪伦的耳朵很好。”然后乔恩和我说,“好吧,我们的耳朵也很好。”所以很可能是……
Maybe we could have done that when we were that age.
也许我们在那个年纪的时候就可以做到这一点。
So a couple years, more years goes by.
几年过去了,又过去了很多年。
Well, he was about three and a half, and I’m in the car.
嗯,他大约三岁半,我在车里。
I was like, “Dylan, sing the Star Wars theme.” And he sings it, and I’m like, “That’s in the right key.” And I checked.
我当时想,“迪伦,唱星球大战主题曲。”他唱了这首歌,我就说,“调对了。”我查了一下。
I play it on my phone, and I was like, “Oh my gosh.” Then I ask him, “Play…
我在手机上玩它,我当时想,“天哪。”然后我问他:“玩...
Sing the Superman theme.” Because we’d been listening to John Williams soundtracks the week before, and he sings that.
唱超人主题曲。”因为我们一周前一直在听约翰·威廉姆斯的原声带,他唱了这首歌。
And that was in the right key.
那是正确的键。
And I ask him another song.
我问他另一首歌。
So I turn the car around, I go back to the studio.
于是我调转车头,回到工作室。
25:21 I go to the piano, I hit the note B-flat, and Dylan says, “Star Wars.” Star Wars starts on a big B-flat major chord, but it’s the note B-flat is the main one that you hear.
我走到钢琴前,弹了降 B 音符,迪伦说:“星球大战。” 《星球大战》以降 B 大调和弦开始,但你听到的主要是降 B 和弦。
And then I play the note G, and he goes, “Superman.” And that’s the first note in the trumpet part of the- …
然后我弹 G 音符,他说:“超人。”这是小号部分的第一个音符——……
of the Superman theme.
超人主题曲。
And then I realized that he had perfect pitch, and then in five minutes, I taught him the name of the 12 notes.
然后我意识到他有完美的音高,然后在五分钟内,我教了他 12 个音符的名称。
Which he already knew, but he just didn’t know the names.
他已经知道了,但他只是不知道名字。
Oh, so you just associate the names- …
哦,所以你只需将名字联系起来-...
25:46 of the thing he knows.
他所知道的事情。
What do you think is this in his mind?
你觉得他心里这是什么?
‘Cause it’s not just individual notes.
因为这不仅仅是个人笔记。
He can, like, hear everything.
他可以听到一切。
What is that?
那是什么?
He doesn’t see colors.
他看不到颜色。
25:56 He just says every note sounds completely different.
他只是说每个音符听起来都完全不同。
Wow.
哇。
26:01 Like you said, maybe it’s a language thing.
就像你说的,也许这是语言的问题。
Because it really is a…
因为它确实是一个……
He just learned the language.
他刚刚学会了语言。
Yeah, the language.
是的,语言。
There’s-
有——
It’s like native music fluency, if you think of it like that.
如果你这样想的话,这就像本土音乐的流畅度一样。
So let’s listen to some of this.
那么让我们来听听其中的一些内容。
Turn around.
回转。
26:18 Here we go.
开始了。
As fast as you can, we’re going to start with single notes, then we’re going to do some intervals, then chords.
尽可能快地,我们将从单个音符开始,然后我们将做一些音程,然后是和弦。
Okay, here we go.
好的,我们开始吧。
A.
A.
C-sharp.
升 C 音。
B-flat.
降B调。
C.
C.
D.
D .
A-flat.
降A调。
Okay, good.
好的,很好。
26:30 Two notes at once.
一次两个音符。
Here we go.
开始了。
C-flat.
降C调。
26:33 Great.
伟大的。
How about this?
这个怎么样?
B-flat, A.
降B调,A.
Great.
太棒了。
What about this?
这又如何呢?
B-flat, A-flat.
降B调、降A调。
This is incredible.
这太不可思议了。
Great.
伟大的。
26:42 How about this?
这个怎么样?
C, B-flat.
C、降B调。
And then how about this?
那这个又如何呢?
E-flat.
E 平。
26:50 What is it?
它是什么?
E, E-flat.
E,降E。
Correct.
正确的。
Okay.
好的。
He’s annoyed.
他很生气。
He’s annoyed.
他很生气。
The part of this, when I play these next chords, that’s really I think why the video went so viral, the next part of this.
这一部分,当我弹奏下一个和弦时,我认为这就是为什么视频如此火爆的原因,这是下一部分。
Where I play these super complex polychords.
我在那里演奏这些超级复杂的多和弦。
Okay, I’m going to do some polychords for you.
好吧,我要为你做一些多和弦。
These are really going to be hard.
这些真的会很难。
You ready?
你准备好了吗?
What’s this?
这是什么?
C augmented over D-flat augmented.
C 增扩音高于 D 降扩音。
Okay, sing a B-flat.
好吧,唱一首降 B 调。
Very good.
非常好。
What’s this chord?
这个和弦是什么?
A-flat major over A major.
降A大调高于A大调。
Great, sing an F-sharp.
太好了,唱升F调。
Excellent.
出色的。
What’s this chord?
这个和弦是什么?
A minor over D-flat major.
降 D 大调之上的小调。
Great.
伟大的。
What’s this chord?
这个和弦是什么?
E add9 over F major.
F 大调上的 E add9。
Excellent.
出色的。
E add9 over F major.
F 大调上的 E add9。
So I had to look at my hand to make sure that that’s what it was- …
所以我必须看看我的手,以确保那是……
’cause they’re all in inversions.
因为它们都是倒置的。
27:57 So I think the reason that this went so viral is that the more that someone knew about music, the more that they shared the video.
所以我认为这个视频如此火爆的原因是人们对音乐的了解越多,他们分享的视频就越多。
Because these polychords…
因为这些多和弦...
So the people that were the best musicians looked at it and were like, “Oh my God.” You know, it’s C augmented over D-flat augmented.
所以最优秀的音乐家看到它后都会说:“天哪。”你知道,它是 C 增音而不是 D 降音增音。
And the second chord was A-flat major over A major, but they were both in inversion, right?
第二个和弦是降 A 大调和 A 大调,但它们都是转位,对吧?
So it was like a first inversion A-flat major chord, first inversion A major chord.
所以它就像第一转位 A 降大和弦,第一转位 A 大和弦。
And then an A minor over D-flat major, and then E add9 over F major.
然后是降 D 大调上的 A 小调,然后是 F 大调上的 E add9。
And for an eight-year-old…
而对于一个八岁的孩子来说……
I mean, for anyone- …
我的意思是,对于任何人来说——……
plus they’re all close-voiced.
而且他们的声音都很接近。
They’re all just right next to each other.
它们都紧挨着。
Yeah, yeah.
是啊是啊。
It’s not like, you know, where you can hear them clear.
你知道,这不像是你能听清楚他们说话的地方。
28:42 It’s all in the mid-range of the piano.
一切都在钢琴的中音区。
So you have to really listen and you have to…
所以你必须真正倾听并且你必须……
He has to dissect each one.
他必须剖析每一个。
Like, what are the notes being played there, and what is…
比如,那里演奏的音符是什么,以及……
Like, what’s the theory?
比如,理论是什么?
‘Cause he’s actually using music theory- …
因为他实际上在使用音乐理论——……
to dissect them.
解剖它们。
It must be in his brain, those components of the chords all sound different.
一定是在他的大脑里,那些和弦的成分听起来都不一样。
29:00 Like—
就像——
Yes.
是的。
…
……
29:06 very clearly different.
非常明显的不同。
It’s truly incredible.
这确实令人难以置信。
The human mind’s incredible.
人类的思维是不可思议的。
So you’re saying, like, some part of that is the things you hear in the first few months of life?
所以你是说,其中一部分是你在生命的最初几个月里听到的?
I did a thing where I played what I call high information music.
我做了一件事,我演奏了所谓的高信息音乐。
29:18 High information music would be Bach, Well-Tempered Clavier, fugues, yeah, anything Bach.
高信息音乐是巴赫、平均律钢琴曲、赋格曲,是的,任何巴赫的音乐。
And I would play the Well-Tempered Clavier, and I would play…
我会演奏平均律键盘,我会演奏……
I have a friend who…
我有一个朋友……
Turkish pianist who’s one of the greatest improvisers I’ve ever heard.
土耳其钢琴家是我听过的最伟大的即兴演奏家之一。
His name’s Aydan Esen.
他的名字叫艾丹·埃森。
And I would play Aydan’s improvisations for Dylan.
我会为迪伦演奏艾丹的即兴创作。
It had very sophisticated harmony and linear things in it.
它有非常复杂的和谐和线性的东西在里面。
And Keith Jarrett, and mainly jazz, classical, and modern classical music.
还有 Keith Jarrett,主要是爵士乐、古典音乐和现代古典音乐。
And then, then we would play, listen to rock music once he was born.
然后,一旦他出生,我们就会演奏、听摇滚音乐。
I’m talking on my wife’s stomach before Dylan was born- …
我是在迪伦出生之前在我妻子的肚子上说话——……
starting at 15 weeks, for 30 minutes a night.
从 15 周开始,每晚 30 分钟。
And then when Dylan was born, I would sit with him for an hour every morning and listen to music-
当迪伦出生时,我每天早上都会和他坐在一起听音乐一个小时——
30:11 …
……
and I would look at him.
我会看着他。
In order for them to hear these phonemes apparently and develop this language, or get the …
为了让他们明显地听到这些音素并发展这种语言,或者获得……
The language acquisition has to involve the social brain.
语言习得必须涉及社交大脑。
So, when kids look at you, when a baby’s looking at you, they’re looking at your mouth and they’re getting social cues from that.
所以,当孩子们看着你时,当婴儿看着你时,他们在看你的嘴,他们从中得到社交暗示。
And this is also another component of saying, “This is where this word stops or starts and stops.
这也是说“这就是这个词停止或开始和停止的地方”的另一个组成部分。
These are how the phonemes are separated from one another.
这就是音素彼此分离的方式。
These are how they’re connected.” So I believe that all kids are born with perfect pitch and then around nine months they begin to lose it.
这就是它们之间的联系方式。”所以我相信所有的孩子生来就有完美的音高,然后大约九个月的时候他们开始失去它。
If you don’t engage their social brain, making these pitches know …
如果你不参与他们的社交大脑,让这些宣传知道......
I never played pitches for Dylan and said, “This is a C, this is a B-flat-” “…
我从来没有为迪伦演奏过,然后说:“这是一个 C,这是一个降 B 调——”“……
this is a G.” I just played complex-
这是G。”我刚刚玩了复杂-
31:04 …
……
high-information music for him.
适合他的高信息音乐。
And played with him.
并和他一起玩。
And that applies maybe even more generally to high-information language.
这可能更普遍地适用于高信息语言。
31:07 And it starts before they’re born.
这一切在他们出生之前就开始了。
I think I saw some of these incredible scientists that work on the neuroscience, the neurobiology, psychology of language in early life.
我想我看到了一些令人难以置信的科学家,他们致力于早期生活的神经科学、神经生物学、语言心理学。
I think a big part is in the mother’s stomach you’re listening to the mother speak.
我认为很大一部分是在母亲的肚子里,你正在听母亲说话。
Yes.
是的。
31:33 That’s right.
这是正确的。
So, like, that’s how on the language side you’re picking up the language already.
所以,就像,这就是在语言方面你已经开始学习语言的方式了。
That’s right.
这是正确的。
31:39 And you’re picking up the music, musical language.
你正在学习音乐、音乐语言。
So, native music fluency, you could call it.
所以,你可以称之为原生音乐流畅度。
So if the mother’s sitting back and listening to Bach and some bebop jazz, you have a pretty good chance.
因此,如果母亲坐下来听巴赫和波普爵士乐,那么您就有很好的机会。
Much better chance.
更好的机会。
Okay.
好的。
31:56 All right.
好的。
So that, as we unwind our way back Joe Pass and bebop.
因此,当我们放松心情返回乔帕斯时,会听到波普音乐。
You were s- You were funny enough talking about what is bebop jazz, and that would be people like Joe Pass.
你——你很有趣地谈论什么是波普爵士乐,而那是像乔·帕斯这样的人。
And in your own life, your dad was somehow listening to that kind of incredibly complex and sophisticated music-
在你自己的生活中,你的父亲不知何故正在听那种极其复杂和精致的音乐——
But wasn’t a musician.
但不是音乐家。
Wasn’t a musician.
不是音乐家。
Which was very weird.
这很奇怪。
32:17 I…
我……
we never…
我们从来没有……
My…
我的…
I have six siblings and we could never figure out why Dad liked really sophisticated jazz.
我有六个兄弟姐妹,我们永远无法理解为什么爸爸喜欢真正复杂的爵士乐。
We just took it for granted at that time.
那时我们只是认为这是理所当然的。
Yeah, just took it for granted.
是的,只是认为这是理所当然的。
32:28 And my dad passed away in 2004 and we never really talked about that, but he and I used to listen to music together all the time.
我父亲于 2004 年去世,我们从未真正谈论过这件事,但他和我过去常常一起听音乐。
He’d…
他会……
we’d put on a record, I’d sit on one side of the room, he’d sit on the other and not say a word.
我们放一张唱片,我坐在房间的一侧,他坐在另一侧,一言不发。
Listen through the whole side A.
听完整个A面。
I’d go flip it over, listen to side B, never say a word.
我会把它翻过来,听 B 面,一句话也不说。
And then get up and go do stuff.
然后就起身去做事了。
And we did that all the time.
我们一直这样做。
And so the first time you impressed your dad was with the Joe Pass song, right?
所以你第一次给你爸爸留下深刻的印象是 Joe Pass 的歌,对吧?
32:52 And by the way, we’ll have to go to this song ’cause people must have forgot, right?
顺便说一句,我们必须听这首歌,因为人们一定已经忘记了,对吧?
People just think you’re like a good communicator or something.
人们只是认为你是一个很好的沟通者什么的。
They don’t realize how good you are at guitar, how good you are at actually a lot of instruments, but guitar especially.
他们没有意识到你对吉他有多擅长,实际上你对很多乐器有多擅长,但尤其是吉他。
And there’s this video, “The greatest guitar solo, period.” Can you give me some context for this particular intricate, complicated solo?
还有这个视频,“最伟大的吉他独奏,就这样。”你能给我一些关于这个特别复杂的独奏的背景吗?
Who’s Joe Pass?
乔·帕斯是谁?
Joe Pass was a guitarist.
乔·帕斯是一名吉他手。
33:29 He lived from 1929 to 1994.
他生活于 1929 年至 1994 年。
And he was one of the greatest bebop players and solo guitar players.
他是最伟大的波普演奏家和独奏吉他演奏家之一。
So he made a record that this is off of called Virtuoso in 1973 that my dad gave me for Christmas when I was in 10th grade.
所以他在 1973 年录制了一张名为 Virtuoso 的唱片,那是我十年级时我父亲送给我的圣诞节礼物。
And he said…
他说……
And this is not like my dad.
这不像我父亲。
My dad worked for the railroad.
我父亲在铁路工作。
He was very, you know, few words spoken.
你知道,他话很少。
Born in 1919.
出生于1919年。
He said, “If you ever learn to play guitar like this, you’ve accomplished something with your life.” And I was like, “What?” So this record stayed…
他说:“如果你学会像这样弹吉他,你就已经完成了人生中的一些事情。”我当时想,“什么?”于是这个记录就一直保持着……
was unopened until about March after Christmas.
直到圣诞节后大约三月才被打开。
And one day I was like, “Okay, I’ll open it up.” And I put it on, I start listening to it.
有一天我想,“好吧,我会打开它。”我戴上它,开始听。
And I was like, “Whoa, this is kinda cool.”
我当时想,“哇,这有点酷。”
34:17 And so I said, “I think I can figure out some of this stuff.” So I figured out this thing.
所以我说:“我想我可以弄清楚其中一些事情。”所以我想通了这个事情。
Is it by ear mostly?
主要是靠耳朵吗?
Yeah, just by ear.
是啊,只是听听而已。
34:25 I didn’t know any of the chords or anything.
我不知道任何和弦或任何东西。
If you can listen to a little bit here.
如果你能在这里听一点的话。
If you go back to that Brother to Brother, Gino Vannelli thing with Carlos Rios playing, that stuff is incredibly hard.
如果你回到卡洛斯·里奥斯(Carlos Rios)演奏时的《兄弟对兄弟》(Gino Vannelli)的事情,那件事是非常困难的。
34:29 This, I’m starting, I don’t know any of these chords.
这,我开始了,我不认识这些和弦。
So I start out …
所以我开始……
I don’t even know what that chord is, but I figured it out.
我什至不知道那个和弦是什么,但我明白了。
I just, and it’s weird.
我只是,这很奇怪。
I mean, look at that weird bar.
我的意思是,看看那个奇怪的酒吧。
So you’re just finding like, playing around with the, putting your fingers- …
所以你只是发现,玩弄,把你的手指-......
34:46 on the various positions.
在各种立场上。
Right, but trying every combination of fingers.
是的,但要尝试各种手指组合。
34:52 I had never played that chord.
我从来没有弹过那个和弦。
That’s a weird-looking chord.
这是一个看起来很奇怪的和弦。
And, but I kept …
而且,但我保留了……
I moved my fingers around till I heard where it sounded like, “Oh, that’s it, definitely.” And I just looked at my hands like, “What is that?” Had no idea what it was.
我移动手指,直到听到声音,“哦,就是这样,绝对是这样。”我只是看着我的手,“那是什么?”不知道那是什么。
So you were connected to the—you were really connected to the music.
所以你和音乐有联系——你真的和音乐有联系。
35:08 The …
……
And so that’s why you can hear …
这就是为什么你可以听到……
It’s not necessarily …
这不一定……
Did you even—you didn’t have perfect pitch.
你甚至没有——你没有完美的音调吗?
No.
不。
You, and not even relative pitch?
你,连相对音调都没有?
No, I did not.
不,我没有。
35:20 No, I didn’t know anything about intervals.
不,我对间隔一无所知。
I didn’t know anything about music theory, anything.
我对音乐理论一无所知。
This is all just-
这一切都只是——
Yeah.
是的。
35:25 You’re just like playing-
你就像在玩——
Ear
耳朵
…
……
35:26 around with different shapes.
周围有不同的形状。
That’s amazing.
太棒了。
That’s right.
这是正确的。
35:27 I mean, look at that weird bar there.
我的意思是,看看那里那个奇怪的酒吧。
But then you get into these things.
但随后你就会陷入这些事情。
So that stuff there, I could figure out …
所以那些东西,我能弄清楚……
And then this.
然后这个。
That stuff I could figure out.
这些东西我能弄清楚。
And then these things here.
然后这里的这些东西。
Those are just inversions of an—but I didn’t know that.
这些只是 an 的倒置——但我不知道这一点。
I had heard Joe play that on the record.
我在唱片上听过乔演奏过这首歌。
This is the last song on there.
这是那里的最后一首歌。
I’d listened to it a bunch of times and I started-
我听了很多遍然后我开始——
So you just replay over and over and over and over, and you’re, like, trying to replicate it.
所以你只是一遍又一遍地重播,然后你就像在尝试复制它。
Yes.
是的。
36:07 And I’m memorizing every different chord shape.
我正在记住每一个不同的和弦形状。
All the chord shapes that I had never played before.
所有我以前从未演奏过的和弦形状。
Would you recommend people do something like that on a really complicated song?
你会建议人们在一首非常复杂的歌曲上做类似的事情吗?
Yeah, but there are so many YouTube videos that you can go and just learn it without having to—Yes.
是的,但是 YouTube 上有很多视频,您可以直接去学习,而不必——是的。
36:16 Yeah, I would recommend.
是的,我会推荐。
I feel like the struggle-
我感觉就像在挣扎——
The struggle is where it’s at.
斗争就在于此。
…
……
36:26 this is true for education in general.
对于一般教育来说也是如此。
People…
人们…
Like, there’s all these educators that try to make learning easier and more fun, and all that kind of stuff.
就像,所有这些教育工作者都在努力让学习变得更容易、更有趣,诸如此类。
Great, wonderful, but part of the thing is the struggle.
很棒,很棒,但斗争也是其中的一部分。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
But yeah, let’s—
但是,是的,让我们——
I’m sorry, hearing there’s .
抱歉,听说有。
Let’s…
让我们…
36:44 You’re nuts.
你疯了。
I heard licks like that all over this, so I knew that that was…
我到处都听到这样的声音,所以我知道那是……
36:49 and then these licks here, he plays a lot of ideas like that.
然后在这里,他演奏了很多这样的想法。
That’s basically a C9 chord in the top notes of it.
这基本上是高音中的 C9 和弦。
So all these are just inversions of the same chord.
所以所有这些都只是同一个和弦的转位。
So if I could play that, then it’s just figuring out the single notes, okay?
所以如果我能弹奏它,那么只需弄清楚单个音符,好吗?
So…
所以……
Okay, so if you just take this first part here when he goes…
好吧,如果你在他走的时候就看第一部分……
So this intro part is…
所以这个介绍部分是……
You make it sound so simple when you break it down.
当你把它分解时,你会让它听起来如此简单。
37:38 And, and by the way, Joe Pass, incredible guitar player.
顺便说一句,乔·帕斯 (Joe Pass),一位令人难以置信的吉他手。
Like, this is obvious.
就像,这是显而易见的。
.
。
And he improvised all this.
而这一切都是他即兴创作的。
37:45 He could have played it like this.
他本来可以这样玩的。
But, you know, the first was the individual notes.
但是,你知道,第一个是个人笔记。
37:48 Look at that.
看看那个。
Ooh, that’s hard.
哦,这很难。
37:54 Maybe just play it like that.
也许就这样玩吧。
That sounds more realistic.
这听起来更现实。
The amount of different genres that you’re able to replicate is just incredible.
您能够复制的不同类型的数量令人难以置信。
This is just taking the needle, moving it there, then going back a little, oh, there.
这只是拿起针,将其移动到那里,然后返回一点,哦,那里。
38:14 And then by the end, the record was so scratched.
然后到最后,记录就被划破了。
It was—but it was worth it.
确实如此——但这是值得的。
When I played it for my dad— …
当我为我父亲演奏时——...
he couldn’t believe.
他简直不敢相信。
I mean, he didn’t say, “That’s amazing.” He was just like, “Hmm, pretty good.”
我的意思是,他没有说:“太棒了。”他只是说,“嗯,很好。”
So what was the role of bebop jazz in the history of music?
那么波普爵士乐在音乐史上的作用是什么?
38:35 It seems like it was influential in your life.
看来它对你的生活产生了影响。
Another guy you had an incredible interview with: Flea.
另一个你接受过令人难以置信的采访的人:Flea。
People should go listen to that.
人们应该去听听。
Was a great conversation.
是一次很棒的谈话。
One of the things that surprised me is just how many musical genres influenced Flea.
让我惊讶的事情之一是有多少音乐流派影响了 Flea。
And the guy showed up in a Miles Davis T-shirt.
那家伙穿着迈尔斯·戴维斯的 T 恤出现了。
That’s right.
这是正确的。
And-
还有——
Bebop.
贝博普。
And –
并且——
Miles Davis played with Charlie Parker- …
迈尔斯·戴维斯与查理·帕克一起打球——……
38:56 when he was 18 years old.
当他18岁的时候。
And that’s…
那是……
He was…
他是……
Charlie Parker was really his mentor.
查理帕克确实是他的导师。
Can you explain to me why, with many of the folks you’ve interviewed and in general out there, in the world of jazz, all roads lead to Miles Davis?
你能向我解释一下,为什么对于你采访过的许多人以及爵士乐界的一般人来说,条条大路都通迈尔斯·戴维斯(Miles Davis)?
39:03 Why he’s such an influential figure?
为什么他是一个如此有影响力的人物?
Because he was the greatest innovator in the history of jazz.
因为他是爵士乐历史上最伟大的创新者。
39:17 He was at the forefront of all these different styles of jazz.
他处于所有这些不同风格的爵士乐的最前沿。
I mean, he started as a bebop player, and then he had records like the Birth of the Cool, and modal jazz, and hard bop, and records like Bitches Brew, where he started to, I guess you would call it fusion.
我的意思是,他一开始是一名比波普乐手,然后他有了像《Birth of the Cool》、《modal jazz》和《hard bop》这样的唱片,还有《Bitches Brew》这样的唱片,我猜你会称之为融合。
You start to get these records.
你开始获取这些记录。
You had two main groups of Miles Davis.
迈尔斯·戴维斯有两个主要小组。
You had the Miles Davis ’50s quintet and the Miles Davis ’60s quintet.
你有迈尔斯·戴维斯 50 年代的五重奏和迈尔斯·戴维斯 60 年代的五重奏。
39:50 Now, Miles made records with many people, but the ’50s quintet had John Coltrane in it.
现在,迈尔斯与很多人一起录制了唱片,但 50 年代的五重奏中有约翰·科尔特兰 (John Coltrane)。
Had, I mean, had different piano players—Wynton Kelly—but Paul Chambers on the bass, Philly Joe Jones on the drums.
我的意思是,有不同的钢琴演奏家——温顿·凯利——但保罗·钱伯斯担任贝斯手,费城·乔·琼斯担任鼓手。
And that particular group made just incredibly important records.
这个特定的团体创造了极其重要的记录。
And then he had his ’60s group, which was Herbie Hancock on the piano, Ron Carter on the bass, Tony Williams on the drums, and Wayne Shorter on the saxophone.
然后他组建了 60 年代的乐队,其中钢琴手赫比·汉考克 (Herbie Hancock)、贝斯手罗恩·卡特 (Ron Carter)、鼓手托尼·威廉姆斯 (Tony Williams) 和萨克斯管韦恩·肖特 (Wayne Shorter)。
And they made all these incredibly important records.
他们创造了所有这些极其重要的记录。
I forget who said it in an interview with you, but they talked about like Miles Davis, his music feeling like I think toes hanging over the cliff or something like this.
我忘了谁在接受你采访时说过这句话,但他们谈到了迈尔斯·戴维斯(Miles Davis),他的音乐感觉就像我认为脚趾悬在悬崖上或类似的东西。
40:25 Meaning, like, there’s always a risk, there’s a danger that you’re willing to make, to fuck it all up live.
意思是,总是有风险,有你愿意制造的危险,把这一切都搞砸了。
And that feeling is what creates the aliveness of the music.
这种感觉创造了音乐的活力。
Like, can you speak to that?
比如,你能谈谈吗?
Just the creating in the music, the feeling like you’re on the edge.
只是音乐中的创作,感觉就像你处于边缘。
Like, you’re challenging the possibilities of what can happen, and it all can go to shit, and because of that, it feels alive.
就像,你正在挑战可能发生的事情的可能性,而一切都可能会变得糟糕,正因为如此,它感觉还活着。
Well, when I interviewed Ron Carter that played in Miles’s ’60s quintet, I asked Ron, ’cause Ron played bass on 2,200 recordings, famous records.
好吧,当我采访在迈尔斯 60 年代五重奏中演奏的罗恩·卡特时,我问了罗恩,因为罗恩在 2,200 张著名唱片中演奏过贝斯。
41:09 And I said, “Did you guys ever rehearse with Miles?” “No, never.” I said, “So, what would you do?” He goes, “We’d just show up at the studio, and he’d have the charts, put them on the stand and we would just roll.”
我说:“你们和迈尔斯一起排练过吗?” “不,从来没有。”我说:“那么,你会怎么做?”他说:“我们只要出现在工作室,他就会拿到图表,把它们放在展台上,然后我们就可以开始制作了。”
41:37 And I said, “Would you listen to it after?” “No.” And I said, “Well, what about the live records that you did, when you’d record at clubs and things like that?” He goes, “We never knew that we were recording.” He goes, “Maybe I’d see a microphone, a different kind of microphone in my bass amp.” He goes, “Then months later, a record would come out and I’d see it, and I was on it, and I would take it down to the union and say, ‘I played on this record,’ so you get paid for it.” But he said, “We didn’t even know we were recording.” So Miles was always about, you know, don’t think about it, just play.
我说:“之后你会听吗?” “不。”我说,“那么,当你在俱乐部和类似的地方录制时,你所做的现场录音怎么样?”他说:“我们从来不知道我们正在录音。”他说:“也许我会在我的低音放大器中看到一个麦克风,一种不同类型的麦克风。”他说道,“几个月后,一张唱片问世了,我看到了它,我就在上面,我会把它带到工会并说,‘我演奏过这张唱片’,这样你就可以得到报酬。”但他说:“我们甚至不知道我们在录音。”所以迈尔斯总是说,你知道,不要想它,只是玩。
That’s crazy.
这太疯狂了。
42:14 That was on purpose.
那是故意的。
That was done on purpose.
这是故意的。
Not to do the rehearsals.
不是为了排练。
None of that.
都不是。
Yeah, he wanted people to just feel it, play it.
是的,他希望人们能够感受它、演奏它。
42:20 Thought is the enemy of flow, as Vinnie Colaiuta told me.
正如维尼·科莱乌塔 (Vinnie Colaiuta) 告诉我的那样,思想是心流的敌人。
Thought is the enemy of flow.
思想是心流的敌人。
42:30 How do you make sense that Flea, the bassist for the Red Hot Chili Peppers, is influenced by bebop jazz?
你如何理解红辣椒乐队的贝斯手 Flea 受到波普爵士乐的影响?
So his stepfather was a jazz bass player.
所以他的继父是一位爵士贝斯手。
42:38 And his…
还有他的……
When his parents got divorced, he was born in Australia, and then they moved to New York.
当他的父母离婚后,他出生在澳大利亚,然后他们搬到了纽约。
Then his parents got divorced, and his mom married his stepfather, who was a jazz musician.
然后他的父母离婚了,他的妈妈嫁给了他的继父,他的继父是一位爵士音乐家。
And they used to have jam sessions at their place, and Flea loved it.
他们过去常常在自己的地方举办即兴演奏会,弗莱很喜欢。
It was kind of like my upbringing with my dad, playing jazz all the time.
这有点像我和父亲的成长经历,一直在演奏爵士乐。
Once it gets inside you, it’s just there.
一旦它进入你的内心,它就在那里。
And so he is heavily influenced by jazz musicians.
因此他深受爵士音乐家的影响。
Yeah, his impression was just hilarious.
是的,他的印象很搞笑。
43:19 I mean, he’s a character.
我的意思是,他是一个角色。
His whole physical way of being is a character.
他的整个身体存在方式就是一个角色。
And his impression of just upright bass is just fun to watch.
他对直立低音的印象非常有趣。
His whole-
他的整个——
His intensity when he picked up his bass during the interview…
当他在采访中拿起贝斯时,他的强度……
43:27 He’s an intense guy and funny, and you know, really emotional.
他是一个热情而有趣的人,而且你知道,他非常情绪化。
And he picks up his bass, and there’s a fierceness that you immediately feel.
当他拿起贝斯时,你立刻就能感受到一种凶猛的感觉。
And he talks about how he practices.
他还谈到了他的练习方式。
And then when he starts doing the slapping stuff, he gets so into it.
然后当他开始做打耳光的事情时,他就非常投入。
And I’m just sitting there going, “Whoa.” Like, “Wow.”
我只是坐在那里,“哇”。就像,“哇”。
Yeah, he talked about his practicing routine with you.
是的,他和你谈到了他的日常训练。
43:55 And one of the things, he’s like, “I have to practice the slap.” And- …
其中一件事,他说,“我必须练习打耳光。”还有——
you know, there’s differences in the structure of the different bands.
你知道,不同乐队的结构是有差异的。
But usually, like, the bassist has a vibe to them.
但通常情况下,贝斯手对他们有一种感觉。
I don’t know if we can put words to exactly what that is.
我不知道我们能否准确地表达出那是什么。
There’s a kind of energy that drives the band.
有一种能量在推动着乐队。
To me, the bass is one of the only instruments that, when you play a bad note, everybody notices.
对我来说,贝斯是唯一一种当你演奏不好的音符时,每个人都会注意到的乐器。
44:14 I started on the bass- …
我开始弹贝斯-...
as a kid.
作为一个孩子。
Oh, interesting.
哦,有趣。
44:23 But you also played drums.
但你也打鼓。
You also played-
你也玩过——
Yeah, but my first instrument was the cello in third grade.
是的,但我的第一件乐器是三年级时的大提琴。
44:26 And then I switched to the bass in sixth grade.
然后我在六年级时改学贝斯。
And my, I majored, my undergrad degree is in classical bass.
我的本科专业是古典贝斯。
So I always think of myself as a bass player first.
所以我总是首先认为自己是一名贝斯手。
And I always think the bass is the most important instrument because-
我一直认为贝斯是最重要的乐器,因为-
Strong words.
言辞强烈。
…
……
44:46 because as much as I love to play the guitar, and I love to play the guitar more than anything, I think, but the bass really defines what the quality of the chord is.
因为尽管我很喜欢弹吉他,而且我认为我最喜欢弹吉他,但低音真正定义了和弦的质量。
‘Cause you can put the root in there.
因为你可以把根放在那里。
You can put the third of the chord in the bass.
您可以将三度和弦放在低音上。
You can put the fifth in there.
你可以把第五个放在那里。
You can play a lot of notes.
您可以演奏很多音符。
And whatever you play in the bass kinda defines what kind of chord it is.
无论你弹奏什么低音,都会决定它是什么样的和弦。
So, the bass player has a lot of power.
所以,贝斯手有很大的力量。
I have to go back to our, the beginning of our conversation.
我必须回到我们谈话的开始。
45:08 What do you think are some of the great solos of all time?
您认为有史以来最伟大的独奏有哪些?
Can we put a few into consideration?
我们可以考虑一些吗?
You have a great list of the top 20 rock guitar solos of all time.
您有一份很棒的 20 首摇滚吉他独奏列表。
Yeah, so I put Comfortably Numb as my favorite, as my top one.
是的,所以我把《舒适麻木》列为我的最爱,列为我的首选。
Yeah, on that day, right?
是的,那天,对吗?
On that day.
那天。
45:27 Right.
正确的。
Now the day later, I would have said, “It’s the second solo.” But I did the first solo because nobody talks about that solo.
第二天,我会说:“这是第二首独奏。”但我做了第一个独奏,因为没有人谈论那个独奏。
And that solo is equally great.
那段独奏同样很棒。
And when David Gilmour…
当大卫·吉尔莫……
When I played it for him, and we talked about it in my interview with him, it was…
当我为他演奏这首歌时,我们在采访他时谈到了这件事,那是……
Just to watch his face when he listened to it was incredible.
光是看着他听歌时的表情就令人难以置信。
I mean, I’m thinking to myself, it’s like, I’m sitting with David Gilmour, and he’s listening to Comfortably Numb.
我的意思是,我心里想,就像我和大卫·吉尔莫坐在一起,他正在听《舒适麻木》。
And he’s hearing it.
他听到了。
He’s played it a million times live, but how many times has he gone back and listened to it on the record?
他已经现场演奏了一百万次,但他又回去听过多少次唱片呢?
Probably not for a long time.
可能很长一段时间都不会了。
And then he’s hearing it, and he’s like, “Ooh.”
然后他听到了,他就像,“哦。”
Maybe you just don’t look back.
也许你只是不回头。
46:11 When you do great things, you don’t look back.
当你做伟大的事情时,你不会回头。
Miles never looked back.
迈尔斯从未回头。
46:14 He never wanted to hear the old stuff.
他从来不想听那些老东西。
He always moved on.
他总是继续前进。
There was this funny moment where you made a video why David Gilmour will never be on the channel.
有一个有趣的时刻,你制作了一个视频,为什么大卫·吉尔莫永远不会出现在频道上。
46:18 And then you ended up, of course, interviewing him twice.
当然,最后你采访了他两次。
He’s one of the greatest guitar players of all time.
他是有史以来最伟大的吉他手之一。
What do you think is at the core of his genius?
您认为他的天才的核心是什么?
He has just an incredible melodic sense.
他有一种令人难以置信的旋律感。
46:33 He knows how phrases should be put together.
他知道如何将短语组合在一起。
There’s a flow to his ideas that I think is just incredible.
我认为他的想法令人难以置信。
It’s the same with Hendrix.
亨德里克斯也是如此。
This flow, how one idea leads to the next, how there’s space between them.
这种流动,一个想法如何引导下一个想法,它们之间如何存在空间。
It’s just like speaking.
就像说话一样。
That’s what I read about Miles Davis is, he’s very good at understanding tempo and the value of silence.
这就是我读到的关于迈尔斯·戴维斯的信息,他非常善于理解节奏和沉默的价值。
46:56 And I think David Gilmour doesn’t always play fast.
我认为大卫·吉尔莫并不总是打得很快。
But he does a lot with less.
但他事半功倍。
And then some of that is also on the more technical side, probably the tone of the…
其中一些也是在技术方面,可能是……的语气。
I mean, he has one of the most uniquely recognizable tones in all of music.
我的意思是,他拥有所有音乐中最独特、最容易辨认的音调之一。
What do you understand about what it takes to shape the tone that is David Gilmour?
你对如何塑造大卫·吉尔莫的基调有何理解?
He has a very sophisticated setup- …
他有一个非常复杂的设置——……
47:30 for his tone, and that was one of the things when I went to his studio.
他的语气,这是我去他工作室时看到的事情之一。
And I said to him, “So David, is there anything I’m not supposed to see here?” I mean, he never sits down and shows- …
我对他说:“大卫,这里有什么是我不应该看到的吗?”我的意思是,他从不坐下来展示——……
people his gear, and he laughed about it.
把他的装备装好,他笑了。
47:44 But there I am, sitting there right next to all these pedals that…
但我就在那里,坐在所有这些踏板旁边……
And I asked his tech, Phil, I said, “These are the same ones you used on the records?” He’s like, “Yeah.” His tech has been with him for, like, 50 years.
我问他的技术人员菲尔,我说:“这些和你在唱片上使用的一样吗?”他说:“是的。”他的技术已经陪伴了他大约 50 年。
And I mean, the exact ones?
我的意思是,确切的那些?
Yes.
是的。
It’s just, it’s hard to…
只是,很难……
It’s hard to imagine that those things still…
很难想象那些东西仍然......
Of course, though.
当然,不过。
He’s just kept it.
他只是保留了它。
Yeah, this is his Binson Echorec that he played through, and this is this.
是的,这是他演奏过的 Binson Echorec,就是这个。
You know, these are all the same effects pedals.
您知道,这些都是相同的效果踏板。
And the…
还有……
Wait, is this the same Hiwatt amp?
等等,这是同一个 Hiwatt 放大器吗?
Yeah.
是的。
Is this the same…
这也一样吗……
Yes.
是的。
Yeah, you get some new stuff.
是的,你得到了一些新东西。
But they keep all their own gear, and that’s…
但他们保留了自己的所有装备,那就是……
I mean, he does sell his guitars for charity.
我的意思是,他确实为了慈善目的出售吉他。
48:29 But, like, he has a black Strat that is a, it’s a signature version.
但是,就像他有一款黑色 Strat,这是一个签名版本。
It’s like an exact copy of his old one.
这就像他旧的的一模一样。
So to him, it sounds exactly the same, plays the same.
所以对他来说,听起来完全一样,演奏起来也一样。
Well, of course, they converge towards that kind of hardware.
嗯,当然,他们趋向于那种硬件。
48:39 But there’s so many tiny details over the years.
但这些年有很多小细节。
You see the final result of it, but there’s a, there’s a journey there, of exploring.
你看到了它的最终结果,但是那里有一个探索的旅程。
And of course, he’s not…
当然,他不是……
I guess he’s not doing any soft…
我猜他没有做任何软弱的事情……
Like, no emulation, no amp?
就像,没有仿真,没有放大器?
He does do emulation, actually.
事实上,他确实进行了仿真。
48:56 He does.
他做到了。
He has this thing, this is…
他有这个东西,这是……
I asked him in the first interview about this.
我在第一次采访时就问过他这个问题。
There’s a little rack thing that I had heard that he used, but I asked him for sure.
我听说他用过一个小架子,但我确实问过他。
It’s called the Zoom 9030.
它被称为 Zoom 9030。
I put out a short where he talks about it.
我制作了一个短片,他在其中谈到了这一点。
I said, “So, that Zoom 9030, is that a real thing?” ‘Cause I’ve read about it.
我说:“那么,Zoom 9030 是真的吗?”因为我读过它。
He’s like, “Yeah.” And he talks about how, when he’s sitting there recording on his own…
他说:“是的。”他谈到,当他独自坐在那里录音时……
And he runs Pro Tools himself, and so he’ll be sitting there.
他亲自运行 Pro Tools,所以他会坐在那里。
There’s no one there to help him.
没有人可以帮助他。
He’s like, “I’ll just plug into this thing, and then I’ll play a solo with this model.” It’s like a kind of ’90s modeling, early modeling thing.
他说,“我只需插入这个东西,然后我就会用这个模型演奏独奏。”这就像 90 年代的建模,早期的建模。
49:37 And he’ll play a solo, and then after a while, you hear the solo, and it’s like, “Well, I’m not gonna replay that.
他会演奏独奏,然后过了一会儿,你听到独奏,就像,“好吧,我不会重放那个。
That sounds great.” You get used to the sound of it, and that’s what it is.
听起来很棒。”你已经习惯了它的声音,就是这样。
So people always talked about, “Oh, well, he couldn’t have used that.
所以人们总是谈论,“哦,好吧,他不可能用这个。
He’s recording through an amp,” and…
他正在通过放大器录音,”并且......
‘Cause it sounds great.
因为听起来很棒。
And then he’s like, “Yeah, yeah, so that’s what I use.” And then I have the video of it right there, and it says his presets, DG1 and DG2 and, you know, whatever.
然后他说,“是啊,是啊,所以这就是我用的。”然后我就有了它的视频,上面写着他的预设,DG1 和 DG2,等等。
What’s your process for preparing for interviews like that?
你准备这样的面试的过程是怎样的?
50:03 You’ve done a few legendary people.
你曾经做过一些传奇人物。
I never prepare for interviews, because I ask people things that I’m interested in knowing.
我从不准备面试,因为我问人们我有兴趣知道的事情。
So, just letting your curiosity just pull a-
所以,就让你的好奇心拉-
Yes
是的
…
……
50:20 pull you forward?
拉你前进吗?
And I can think of 100 questions to ask David Gilmour…
我可以想出 100 个问题要问 David Gilmour……
but I always ask my questions based on what they say to me.
但我总是根据他们对我说的话来问我的问题。
Yeah.
是的。
So, but I do make a playlist of songs that I wanna talk about.
所以,但我确实制作了一个我想谈论的歌曲的播放列表。
50:28 So, that kind of guides me…
所以,这引导了我……
‘Cause I wanna make sure that I…
因为我想确保我……
There’s specific things that I need to play to, so that you can jog his memory.
我需要演奏一些特定的东西,这样你就可以唤起他的记忆。
‘Cause anytime you play something that somebody recorded, even 50 years ago, they’ll remember.
因为任何时候你演奏某人录制的东西,即使是 50 年前,他们都会记得。
If they don’t remember the exact specifics, that brings it to life to them again.
如果他们不记得确切的细节,他们就会再次想起这些细节。
And they can kind of piece together some aspects about it, and they can really talk.
他们可以将一些方面拼凑起来,并且可以真正地谈论。
He can talk about the phrasing and the, you know, the kind of melodic direction of things like that.
他可以谈论诸如此类的乐句和旋律方向。
So, there’s a lot of tiny details that go into a particular song, whether it’s in the production or how it’s played or how it was composed, all that kind of stuff.
所以,一首特定的歌曲有很多微小的细节,无论是制作过程、演奏方式还是创作方式,诸如此类。
51:12 And you don’t know what those are ahead of time.
而且你提前不知道那些是什么。
No.
不。
You just know the song, and you just are looking to jog their memory, and maybe your own curiosity of like, “How did you do this?” Or, “How do, what, this sound or that?” You make it look easy, but you have to have a depth of knowledge.
你只是知道这首歌,你只是想唤起他们的记忆,也许你自己也好奇,“你是怎么做到的?”或者,“怎么做,什么,这个声音还是那个?”你让它看起来很容易,但你必须有很深的知识。
51:23 You’re saying you don’t prepare.
你说你没有准备。
I have an incredibly good memory.
我的记忆力非常好。
Exactly.
确切地。
That’s what it is.
就是这样。
51:41 It’s that I can remember when records came out, who produced them, where they recorded them, who was the engineer, what songs are on it.
我记得唱片是什么时候发行的,谁制作的,在哪里录制的,谁是工程师,里面有什么歌曲。
And not only that, but the people I’m interviewing know that I can play all the parts- …
不仅如此,我采访的人都知道我可以扮演所有角色——……
of all the instruments, ’cause I’ve done breakdowns of their songs, which is why I get the interviews with them in the first place, really.
所有的乐器,因为我已经对他们的歌曲进行了细分,这就是为什么我首先接受他们的采访,真的。
But the actual, like, the skill of the interview, the thing you’re not saying, the preparation, is you listening to bebop.
但实际上,比如采访的技巧,你没有说的事情,准备工作,就是你听比博普音乐。
That’s right.
这是正确的。
It’s the background knowledge, it’s the soul carrying with you, being able to radiate the love of the soul of music.
是背景知识,是随身携带的灵魂,能够散发出音乐灵魂的爱。
I will say this, Lex, is that the other thing is that most of these people have a really good sense of humor.
莱克斯,我要说的是,另一件事是这些人中的大多数人都有很好的幽默感。
52:25 When I was, when…
当我在的时候,当……
The first time I interviewed David in New York, my brother John came along, and he is a massive David Gilmour fan.
我第一次在纽约采访大卫时,我的兄弟约翰也来了,他是大卫·吉尔莫的忠实粉丝。
That’s his biggest influence as a guitar player.
这是他作为吉他手最大的影响力。
And so he said, “You’re interviewing David Gilmour?
于是他说:“你在采访大卫·吉尔莫?
Oh, I’m coming.” I was like, “All right.
哦,我来了。”我当时想,“好吧。
Come on.
来吧。
Come on down.” So my brother John’s standing about five feet away.
下来吧。”所以我哥哥约翰就站在大约五英尺远的地方。
And John is a sales guy, but he…
约翰是一名销售人员,但他……
Great guitar player.
伟大的吉他手。
So John’s like…
所以约翰就像……
I was like, “This is David, this is my brother, John.” “David, great to meet you, buddy.” And you know, it sounds like it’s so…
我当时想,“这是大卫,这是我的兄弟约翰。” “大卫,很高兴认识你,伙计。”你知道,听起来好像是这样……
He’s a sales guy.
他是一名销售人员。
And so during the interview, I said, I was like, “Hey, John, what was I gonna ask David?”
所以在采访中,我说,我想,“嘿,约翰,我要问大卫什么?”
53:08 Oh, ask him about the Gilmour effect.” “Oh, yeah, that’s right.” And the Gilmour effect is my thing that I say in the comments section when people say…
哦,问问他关于吉尔莫效应的事吧。” “哦,是啊,原来如此。”当人们说……时,我会在评论部分说吉尔莫效应。
Anytime anybody plays anything technical, “Oh, yeah, that’s great, but I much prefer David Gilmour.” And so I always call it the Gilmour effect.
每当有人演奏任何技术性的东西时,“哦,是的,那太好了,但我更喜欢大卫·吉尔莫。”所以我总是称其为吉尔莫效应。
Anytime I have, like, Yngwie Malmsteen- Anybody that played, that has chops that I- …
任何时候我有,比如,Yngwie Malmsteen——任何玩过的人,都有我——……
interview, the, the, the negative comments are always, “Well, I prefer David Gilmour.”
采访中,负面评论总是,“嗯,我更喜欢大卫·吉尔莫。”
Yeah, yeah.
是啊,是啊。
And I said that, I told David that.
我这么说,我告诉大卫。
53:36 He’s like, “Well, maybe they should keep their opinions to themselves.”
他说:“好吧,也许他们应该保留自己的意见。”
Yeah, a lot of these folks have really wonderful personalities, with a trusted person to be able to reveal that personality.
是的,这些人中的很多人都拥有非常出色的个性,有一个值得信赖的人能够展现出这种个性。
53:43 So, Comfortably Numb at the top on that day.
所以,那天,在山顶舒适地麻木了。
What else is up there?
上面还有什么?
Stairway to Heaven.
天国的阶梯。
53:53 Hey Joe.
嘿乔。
But in that list, your top Hendrix solo is Hey Joe?
但在该列表中,您最喜欢的亨德里克斯独奏是嘿乔?
It’s the first guitar solo I ever learned, so I had to put it on there.
这是我学过的第一首吉他独奏,所以我必须把它放在那里。
54:01 So, I don’t necessarily do these by…
所以,我不一定要这样做……
I do those in kind of how important they are to me and my development.
我做这些事情是因为它们对我和我的发展有多重要。
So, there’s always a biographical component to these lists.
因此,这些列表中总是有一个传记部分。
Number three was Kid Charlemagne, a Steely Dan solo, Larry Carlton.
第三名是《小查理曼》,由斯蒂利·丹独奏,拉里·卡尔顿。
Amazing solo, extremely difficult to figure out.
令人惊叹的独奏,极其难以弄清楚。
54:25 Probably, there’s two solos on the list that are just about, are very…
也许,名单上有两首独奏非常……
That one I can play.
那个我可以玩。
But there’s a few solos that are very hard to play.
但有一些独奏很难演奏。
Stone in Love by Journey, by Neal Schon, is very hard to play some licks.
Neal Schon 的《Stone in Love by Journey》中的一些乐段很难演奏。
There’s a song…
有首歌……
There’s a solo by a guitarist, Carlos Rios, that people don’t know.
有一首吉他手卡洛斯·里奥斯的独奏,但人们不知道。
It’s Brother to Brother, a Gino Vannelli song, but it’s very hard to play and figure out.
这是《Brother to Brother》,一首 Gino Vannelli 的歌曲,但很难演奏和理解。
And that people don’t know the solos.
人们不知道独奏。
I put it on my list ’cause I knew that a lot of people were gonna watch it and they’re gonna know what this solo is.
我把它放在我的清单上,因为我知道很多人都会看它,他们会知道这个独奏是什么。
For me, the sentimental one, my first solo is Mr. Crowley, Randy Rhoads.
对于我来说,感性的,我的第一个独奏是克劳利先生,兰迪·罗兹。
55:01 I like the musicality of Mr. Crowley, that there is a melodic component to it.
我喜欢克劳利先生的音乐性,其中有旋律的成分。
You’re playing really fast, but there’s a melody to it.
你弹得很快,但有旋律。
And also, there’s like a legendary nature to the brief time we had Randy Rhoads.
而且,我们与兰迪·罗兹的短暂相处也充满了传奇色彩。
Yes.
是的。
It’s probably one of the greatest guitarists ever.
他可能是有史以来最伟大的吉他手之一。
’56 to ’82, I think.
我想是56年到82年。
55:23 Terrible.
太糟糕了。
He was an absolute brilliant guitarist, had his own style.
他是一位绝对出色的吉他手,有自己的风格。
We should say he’s the guitarist for Ozzy Osbourne, the band.
我们应该说他是奥兹·奥斯本乐队的吉他手。
Yeah.
是的。
55:37 And that Mr. Crowley solo is a, is a great solo, great solo.
克劳利先生的独奏是,是一个伟大的独奏,伟大的独奏。
And he’s incredibly influential as a guitar player too, for metal guitar players and I love Randy Rhoads.
作为一名吉他手,他对金属吉他手也具有非常大的影响力,我喜欢兰迪·罗兹 (Randy Rhoads)。
Another guy, so one of my favorites is Mark Knopfler.
另一个人,所以我最喜欢的人之一是马克·诺夫勒(Mark Knopfler)。
Yes.
是的。
56:00 And I did have Mark Knopfler on my list, Sultans of Swing.
我的名单上确实有马克·诺普弗勒(Mark Knopfler),《摇摆苏丹》。
That’s right, you did have-
没错,你确实有——
Now, I had it high on the list, and I’ll tell you why.
现在,我把它放在了清单的前列,我会告诉你原因。
56:04 I would’ve had it lower ’cause it’s one of the early ones, ’cause I wanted people to be like, “Okay, oh, this is a serious list.” So Rick’s gonna talk about serious stuff.
我会把它放低,因为它是早期的之一,因为我希望人们会说,“好吧,哦,这是一个严肃的清单。”所以里克要谈论严肃的事情。
So- And Rick’s gonna play along with all these things.
所以——里克会和所有这些事情一起玩。
So I wanted to kind of state that at the beginning of the video.
所以我想在视频的开头声明这一点。
I mean, I made the video in one day to do 20 solos.
我的意思是,我一天之内制作了 20 个独奏视频。
I think I played 19 of them, but the Heart solo that I had on there- …
我想我演奏了其中的 19 首,但是我在那里演奏了 Heart 独奏——……
Nancy Wilson, I played the video of.
南希·威尔逊,我播放了视频。
And I tried to get a couple of my friends to play the Ice Cream Man, Van Halen solo.
我试图让我的几个朋友单独扮演冰淇淋人范·海伦。
Yeah, it was just-
是的,那只是——
So I called Dweezil Zappa, and I was like, “Dweezil, can you play the Ice Cream Man solo?
所以我给 Dweezil Zappa 打电话,我说:“Dweezil,你能独奏冰淇淋人吗?
56:51 I’m making a video about it.” He’s like, “Oh, I’d have to practice that.” Then I called my friend Phil X who’s an amazing guitar player, and he’s like, “No, I’d have to practice that.” I was like, “Come on, man, can’t let me play Ice Cream Man?” The opening lick of Ice Cream Man that he plays is very hard to play ’cause it’s an incredibly long stretch.
我正在制作一个关于它的视频。”他说,“哦,我必须练习一下。”然后我打电话给我的朋友 Phil X,他是一位出色的吉他手,他说,“不,我必须练习这个。”我当时想,“来吧,伙计,不能让我扮演冰淇淋人吗?”他演奏的《冰淇淋人》的开场乐段很难演奏,因为它的长度非常长。
And it hurt my fingers to do, and Eddie would turn his guitar up like this to play.
这样做会伤害我的手指,而艾迪会像这样打开他的吉他来演奏。
And plus, it’s a tricky…
另外,这很棘手……
It just…
它只是……
It’s a tricky rhythm, and it’s such a big stretch.
这是一个棘手的节奏,而且是一个很大的伸展。
It’s like, “Man, I can’t…
就像是,“伙计,我不能……
That hurts my hand.”
这让我的手很痛。”
I just love that that’s the Van Halen solo you have.
我就是喜欢你的 Van Halen 独奏。
57:28 The top 20.
前20名。
See, I have to do some- …
看,我必须做一些——……
57:34 There’s so many Van Halen.
范海伦有很多。
My God, it could be…
天啊,这可能是……
There…
那里……
I could pick 25 different Van Halen solos.
我可以选择 25 首不同的 Van Halen 独奏曲。
But to me, I mean, there really is nobody like Mark Knopfler.
但对我来说,我的意思是,确实没有人能像马克·诺普弗勒那样。
57:42 I mean, his is unique guitars.
我的意思是,他的吉他很独特。
There’s something about his tone.
他的语气有些东西。
Speaking of Gilmour, there’s just the tone, the care, the timing of the notes.
说到吉尔莫,只有语气、关心和音符的时机。
His improvisation, like the live performances of Sultans of Swing that’s been actually going somewhat viral recently, his pretty old live performance of Sultans of Swing.
他的即兴创作,就像最近流行起来的《Sultans of Swing》现场表演,他相当古老的《Sultans of Swing》现场表演。
For me, Brothers in Arms, these kind of-
对我来说,战火兄弟们,这些——
Great.
太棒了。
…
……
58:19 soulful, mournful type of solos, he does really, really well.
深情、悲伤的独奏,他做得非常非常好。
Also, the interesting instrumentation of Romeo and Juliet.
此外,罗密欧与朱丽叶的有趣乐器。
Just so, so many…
就这样,这么多……
Just…
只是……
Truly one of the greats.
确实是伟人之一。
Now, obviously the intro to Money for Nothing is one of the greatest.
现在,显然《一无所获》的介绍是最伟大的介绍之一。
58:31 Almost impossible to recreate that because the sound is so unique and his…
几乎不可能重现这一点,因为声音是如此独特,而且他的……
It’s just improvised.
这只是即兴创作的。
It’s so cool.
太酷了。
Yeah.
是的。
58:46 There’s certain songs like Europa by Santana, Santana can have that tone too.
有些歌曲,比如桑塔纳的《欧罗巴》,桑塔纳也可以有这种音调。
That Mark Knopfler makes me real- just how clean it is.
马克·诺夫勒 (Mark Knopfler) 让我感到真实——它是多么干净。
I think he beats B.B.
我认为他击败了 B.B.
King in my book in terms of the cleanness of just pure beauty of a single note.
在我的书中,King 形容的是单一音符的纯净之美。
It’s like the power of a single note.
这就像一个音符的力量。
I don’t know anybody who beats Mark Knopfler.
我不知道有谁能打败马克·诺夫勒。
Well, that thing about being able to recognize somebody from a note.
嗯,就是能够从纸条上认出某人。
59:09 You know?
你知道吗?
Yeah, that’s-
是的,那就是——
When I hear Brian May, I can immediately recognize it’s Brian May.
当我听到布莱恩·梅的声音时,我立即认出这是布莱恩·梅。
59:15 Incredibly melodic, the tone that he has.
他的语气令人难以置信的旋律。
Gilmour, Hendrix, everyone that we’re talking about, Van Halen.
吉尔莫,亨德里克斯,我们谈论的每个人,范海伦。
It’s just, they have that one note.
只是,他们有一张纸条。
It’s like, “Oh, I know who that is.” And that’s why we’re talking about him.
就像,“哦,我知道那是谁。”这就是我们谈论他的原因。
That’d be funny.
那会很有趣。
59:35 That’d be a good video-
这将是一个很好的视频——
B.B.
B.B.
59:36 King, you hear one note.
国王,你听到一个音符。
…
……
59:38 as a test of like how quickly can you recognize just a solo starts playing-
作为一个测试,比如你能多快识别出独奏开始演奏-
That’s a great…
这是一个伟大的……
59:44 I’m gonna make that video-
我要制作那个视频-
…
……
59:46 one note
一张纸条
…
……
tomorrow.
明天。
Lex, you’ll-
莱克斯,你会——
I don’t know.
我不知道。
The day after tomorrow, you’ll see it.
后天,你就会看到它。
I would love to see that.
我很想看到这一点。
Can you say, can you recognize these players by one note?
你能说,你能通过一个音符认出这些球员吗?
By one note.
按一记。
59:55 I think it’s…
我认为这是……
I think we’re being a little too aggressive with that.
我认为我们对此有点过于激进了。
I think you need like two or three or four-
我认为你需要两个、三个或四个-
No, no, no, no.
不,不,不,不。
…
……
1:00:02 or five notes.
或五个音符。
I guarantee you.
我向你保证。
So I was gonna do a video last week where I was gonna play songs in reverse, okay?
所以我上周打算制作一个视频,其中我将反向播放歌曲,好吗?
See if you can recognize these songs in reverse.
看看你能否反向认出这些歌曲。
And I had my two assistants come in.
我让我的两个助手进来了。
It’s like, “Do you know what song that is?” They’re like, “Oh, that’s Adele.” Like, “What?” Then they’re like, “Oh, that’s, that’s Nirvana.” Instantly, they could recognize.
就像“你知道那是什么歌吗?”他们就像,“哦,那是阿黛尔。”就像,“什么?”然后他们会说,“哦,那是,那是涅槃。”他们立刻就认出了。
Like, “Well, that’s not worth me.” It’s like, yeah, it’s so obvious.
就像,“好吧,那不值得我。”就像,是的,这太明显了。
You hear the tone of the voice backwards, forwards, it doesn’t matter.
你可以听到声音的音调向后、向前,这并不重要。
You know who it is.
你知道那是谁。
Oh, interesting.
哦,有趣。
1:00:27 Okay.
好的。
So it’s about the tone.
所以这与语气有关。
How could you possibly know from a single note?
你怎么可能从一张纸条上知道?
I guess Van Halen, you can.
我想范海伦,你可以。
One note of B.B.
B.B. 的一篇笔记
1:00:35 King’s vibrato, you could know.
King的颤音,你可以知道。
What I’ll do is I would separate the guitars.
我要做的就是把吉他分开。
I can actually separate the tracks, and I’ll just play one note.
我实际上可以分开音轨,并且只弹奏一个音符。
You think you could, from a single vibrato, you can know it’s B.B.
你认为你可以从一个颤音中知道这是 B.B.
1:00:47 King?
国王?
Yes.
是的。
1:00:50 Well, we’ll see.
好吧,我们拭目以待。
Put it on record, I’m skeptical.
记录下来,我对此表示怀疑。
I’m gonna do twenty of them.
我要做二十个。
1:00:54 Can you recognize these guitarists from a single note?
你能从一个音符中认出这些吉他手吗?
Could you recognize Stevie Ray Vaughan-
你能认出史蒂维·雷·沃恩吗——
Absolutely.
绝对的。
…
……
1:01:01 versus Eric Clapton?
与埃里克·克莱普顿相比?
All right.
好吧。
You might be right.
你可能是对的。
You might be right.
你可能是对的。
Quick 30-second thank-you to our sponsors.
用 30 秒的时间快速感谢我们的赞助商。
Check them out in the description.
在描述中查看它们。
It really is the best way to support this podcast.
这确实是支持这个播客的最佳方式。
Go to lexfridman.com/sponsors.
请访问 lexfridman.com/sponsors。
We’ve got UPLIFT Desk, for my favorite office desks, BetterHelp, for mental health, LMNT, for electrolytes, Fin, for customer service AI agents, Shopify, for selling stuff online, and Perplexity, for curiosity-driven knowledge exploration.
我们有 UPLIFT Desk,用于我最喜欢的办公桌,BetterHelp,用于心理健康,LMNT,用于电解质,Fin,用于客户服务人工智能代理,Shopify,用于在线销售商品,还有 Perplexity,用于好奇心驱动的知识探索。
Choose wisely, my friends.
明智地选择,我的朋友们。
And now, back to my conversation with Rick Beato.
现在,回到我与里克·贝托的谈话。
What do you think is the best Eric Clapton song?
您认为埃里克·克莱普顿最好的歌曲是哪一首?
One of the things we haven’t mentioned so far is the importance of lyrics and maybe meaning of the song- …
到目前为止我们还没有提到的一件事是歌词的重要性,也许还有这首歌的含义——……
and what it represents, so in that sense, Tears in Heaven.
以及它所代表的东西,从这个意义上说,《天堂之泪》。
Well, the story behind that is heartbreaking.
嗯,这背后的故事令人心碎。
And then, I personally really love the sound of Wonderful Tonight.
然后,我个人非常喜欢《Wonderful Tonight》的声音。
That’s a great song.
这是一首很棒的歌。
1:02:08 That’s one of my favorite Clapton songs.
这是我最喜欢的克莱普顿歌曲之一。
And I, as I was listening to it, just doing a whole personal journey introspection, knowing that I’m gonna talk to Rick Beato, listening to just a bunch of songs, and I learned—it’s embarrassing that I didn’t know the stories behind the music—but I learned that Eric Clapton was married for a decade to the same woman that George Harrison was married to.
当我听这首歌时,我只是进行了一次完整的个人旅程内省,知道我要和里克·贝托交谈,听了一堆歌曲,然后我了解到——令人尴尬的是我不知道音乐背后的故事——但我了解到埃里克·克莱普顿和乔治·哈里森结婚了十年。
1:02:11 And that this woman was the muse, the inspiration for like so many of the legendary songs of rock- …
这个女人是缪斯女神,是许多摇滚传奇歌曲的灵感来源——……
including Wonderful Tonight, including Layla- …
包括精彩今夜,包括莱拉-……
and including George Harrison’s Something.
包括乔治·哈里森的《Something》。
Legendary song also.
传奇歌也。
The same woman.
同一个女人。
Is she the greatest muse in rock history?
她是摇滚史上最伟大的缪斯女神吗?
Probably, yes.
可能是的。
This is great.
这太棒了。
1:03:05 So in your interviews of musicians and producers, I think the thing you’re ultimately fascinated by is the process, the recording, the production, the songwriting, the different elements of the process.
所以在你对音乐家和制作人的采访中,我认为你最终着迷的是过程、录音、制作、歌曲创作以及过程中的不同元素。
So are there examples of different things that stand out to you from all the interviews you’ve done?
那么,在您所做的所有采访中,是否有一些不同的例子让您印象深刻?
And by the way, all the recording and production you’ve done yourself.
顺便说一句,所有的录音和制作都是你自己完成的。
So on the recording front, on the production front, on the songwriting process front, just things that pop into memory.
因此,在录音方面,在制作方面,在歌曲创作过程方面,只是弹出到内存中的东西。
When I’ve interviewed the guys that are the producers, like Rick Rubin, Daniel Lanois, Brendan O’Brien, Butch Vig, the thing about producers, as opposed to people that are musicians—if you’re a musician, even if you’re David Gilmour, you do a record, and then you tour, and then you do another record, maybe years go by, but producers are working on multiple records, sometimes at a time.
当我采访制作人时,比如 Rick Rubin、Daniel Lanois、Brendan O’Brien、Butch Vig,关于制作人的事情,而不是音乐家——如果你是一个音乐家,即使你是 David Gilmour,你会制作一张唱片,然后你巡演,然后你制作另一张唱片,也许几年过去了,但制作人正在制作多张唱片,有时一次。
1:03:42 Rick Rubin could be working on multiple records, and the variety of things that they do, you can talk to.
里克·鲁宾(Rick Rubin)可能正在制作多张唱片,以及他们所做的各种事情,你可以与他们交谈。
I mean, I can talk to Rick about the Chili Peppers.
我的意思是,我可以和里克谈谈辣椒乐队。
I can talk to him about Johnny Cash.
我可以和他谈谈约翰尼·卡什。
I can talk to him about Tom Petty, and all these records that I love, and there’s just so many interesting stories that …
我可以和他谈论汤姆·佩蒂,以及我喜欢的所有这些唱片,而且有很多有趣的故事……
1:04:29 I mean, these interviews could go on for days with Rick, and the variety of records that he worked on.
我的意思是,这些采访可能会持续几天,涉及里克以及他制作的各种唱片。
And there’s so much knowledge to be gained, for me at least, and I think that the craft of production and recording engineering is something that is not well-documented.
至少对我来说,有很多知识需要获得,而且我认为制作和录音工程的工艺还没有得到很好的记录。
Especially since there are so few studios nowadays, where there used to be a mentorship thing, where you’d go and you’d work as an assistant engineer.
尤其是现在工作室太少了,以前有导师制,你会去那里担任助理工程师。
1:05:03 And you’d work your way up.
而且你会努力向上。
I interviewed a guy named Ken Scott that worked with the Beatles.
我采访了一个名叫肯·斯科特的人,他曾与披头士乐队合作。
I interviewed him at Abbey Road Studios, it’s just two months ago, and he started as a tape op when he was 16.
就在两个月前,我在 Abbey Road Studios 采访了他,他 16 岁时就开始做磁带操作员。
He started on the A Hard Day’s Night record with the Beatles, and he worked his way up, and he said the first time he ever recorded an orchestra was he recorded I Am the Walrus, the orchestra part.
他开始与披头士乐队录制《A Hard Day's Night》唱片,然后一路向上,他说他第一次录制管弦乐队是他录制的《I Am the Walrus》,管弦乐队部分。
1:05:26 He set up the mics, and I asked him, I said, “So where was the band?” “Standing right behind me.” The Beatles, right behind him.
他架好麦克风,我问他,我说:“那么乐队在哪里?” “就站在我身后。”披头士乐队就在他身后。
The guy I’m interviewing at Abbey Road recorded I Am the Walrus there.
我在艾比路采访的那个人在那里录制了《我是海象》。
I mean, he recorded many Beatles songs, and he was 18 years old, and the …
我的意思是,他录制了很多披头士乐队的歌曲,当时他 18 岁,而且……
I mean, I just can’t, I can’t even fathom that.
我的意思是,我就是不能,我什至无法理解这一点。
We …
我们……
They have a little cafe in the basement of Abbey Road, and I said, “Did the Beatles come in here?” He goes, “Oh, yeah, they come in here and get coffee,” and I remember when they got two microwaves that were like the first microwaves in 1965, and they were amazed by them, and it’s hard to imagine that I’m talking to people that worked on these historic records.
他们在艾比路的地下室有一家小咖啡馆,我说:“披头士乐队进来过这里吗?”他说,“哦,是的,他们来这里喝咖啡,”我记得当他们得到两台微波炉时,就像 1965 年第一台微波炉一样,他们对它们感到惊讶,很难想象我正在和那些从事这些历史记录工作的人交谈。
1:06:08 But, you know, they all start with a blank tape or an empty hard drive, and then, you’ve eventually filled them up with this music that you can’t, you can never imagine it not existing, like Stairway to Heaven, or whatever it is.
但是,你知道,它们都是从空白磁带或空硬盘开始的,然后,你最终用这种你不能的音乐填满它们,你永远无法想象它不存在,比如《天堂的阶梯》,或者其他什么。
Yeah.
是的。
1:06:23 It’s funny, like, looking back, even probably for them, just to realize they’ve created that magic is hard to believe.
这很有趣,就像,回顾过去,即使对他们来说,只是意识到他们创造了令人难以置信的魔法。
‘Cause you’re looking at a blank thing and then magic comes out, and you don’t even understand.
因为你看着一个空白的东西,然后魔法就出现了,而你甚至不明白。
You don’t understand, probably a lot of these artists don’t understand where that came from.
你不明白,可能很多艺术家都不明白它是从哪里来的。
They’re channeling some deeper thing.
他们正在引导一些更深层次的东西。
When I interviewed Brian May, he told me, I can’t even remember if this was, if we talked about it on camera or not, but we talked about Bohemian Rhapsody, and at the very end…
当我采访布莱恩·梅时,他告诉我,我什至不记得这是不是,我们是否在镜头前谈论过,但我们谈论了波西米亚狂想曲,最后……
1:06:45 There was a thing where he was depressing his whammy bar a little bit, and it sounds like the piano is out of tune.
有一次,他稍微压低了打击杆,听起来钢琴走调了。
I never noticed it before.
我以前从未注意到这一点。
He mentioned this to me.
他向我提到了这一点。
And he said it always bothered him.
他说这一直困扰着他。
And there’s always something about these songs that bothers people.
这些歌曲总有一些让人烦恼的东西。
Even these songs that he-
就连他唱的这些歌——
These old things, yeah.
这些老东西,是的。
Right.
对。
1:07:17 There’s always little things- …
总有一些小事——
and they sit and they hear it, and they’re like, “Oh, man.
他们坐下来听着,他们就像,“哦,伙计。
I wish I’d been up a little higher on that,” or whatever.
我希望我能在这方面做得更高一点,”或者其他什么。
I mean, that, that …
我的意思是,那个,那个……
1:07:23 there’s certain moments in songs that are just unlike anything else.
歌曲中的某些时刻与其他任何事物都不同。
In Bohemian Rhapsody when Freddie Mercury is, “Sometimes wish I’d never been born at all…” And then the guitar comes in.
在《波西米亚狂想曲》中,当弗雷迪·摩克瑞唱到“有时希望我根本没有出生过……”然后吉他就进来了。
I mean, there’s just nothing like that.
我的意思是,根本没有这样的事情。
That was …
那是……
That …
那……
I don’t even know.
我什至不知道。
I mean, that, that whole thing, you’ve done videos on it.
我的意思是,整个事情,你已经制作了视频。
It’s an incredibly complicated composition.
这是一个极其复杂的构图。
It’s, it’s crazy that a popular rock song could be this operatic, so complicated.
一首流行的摇滚歌曲可以如此歌剧化,如此复杂,这真是太疯狂了。
The other thing akin to that moment is Phil Collins with In the Air Tonight, the drum bridge.
与那一刻类似的另一件事是菲尔·柯林斯 (Phil Collins) 与《今夜空中》(In the Air Tonight) 的鼓桥。
Do do do do do do do do.
做做做做做做做做。
Yeah.
是的。
1:08:07 Yeah.
是的。
Yeah.
是的。
1:08:08 What is that?
那是什么?
I don’t understand how you can create that.
我不明白你如何创建它。
What is that?
那是什么?
Why is that so magical?
为什么这么神奇?
Why is that so singular inside a particular song and in rock history period?
为什么这在一首特定的歌曲和摇滚历史时期如此独特?
Like, these moments, I don’t know, musically, I don’t understand how you create them ’cause it might be bigger than musical.
就像,这些时刻,我不知道,在音乐上,我不明白你是如何创造它们的,因为它可能比音乐更重要。
It might be cultural, a bunch of different elements, and plus, it’s him filled with …
这可能是文化的,一堆不同的元素,而且,他充满了……
Like, I’ve seen live performances.
比如,我看过现场表演。
He has, like, a headset.
他有一个耳机。
He does something.
他做了某事。
He’s like a telemarketer or something.
他就像一个电话推销员什么的。
Like, his whole vibe and look to him, he doesn’t look like a rockstar, but he is.
就像他的整个氛围和外表一样,他看起来不像摇滚明星,但他确实是。
Those are hooks when you think about it, right?
当你仔细想想时,这些都是钩子,对吧?
1:08:47 It’s like, it’s as much of a hook as any, as the chorus of the song or any song.
就像,它和任何歌曲一样具有吸引力,就像这首歌或任何歌曲的副歌一样。
That drum thing is something that people wait for, and they air drum to it.
那个鼓的东西是人们等待的东西,他们用鼓来鼓它。
Everybody air drums to it, and it is a hook, and those are hard to create.
每个人都对它鼓掌,这是一个钩子,而这些很难创造。
Those are …
那些是……
Those moments are really hard to create, and usually they’re done by accident.
这些时刻真的很难创造,而且通常都是偶然完成的。
Yes, it’s hard.
是的,这很难。
1:09:09 If you chase it, you’re not gonna get it.
如果你追逐它,你就不会得到它。
In your conversation with Sting, he said something about how modern music is simpler more minimalistic, and, ” The bridge is gone,” I think- …
在你与斯汀的谈话中,他谈到了现代音乐如何变得更简单、更简约,而且,“桥梁已经消失了,”我认为——……
he said.
他说。
And he said he thought that, “The bridge is therapy.” It’s, like, a chance for you to reflect, I guess, on the verse- …
他说他认为“桥梁就是治疗”。我想,这对你来说是一个反思这节经文的机会——……
before the chorus comes in.
在合唱进来之前。
That’s right.
没错。
It changed my view of the bridge, I suppose, is the therapeutic nature of it, at least lyrically.
我想,它改变了我对这座桥的看法,是它的治疗性质,至少是抒情的。
1:09:40 You think he’s onto something?
你认为他有什么想法吗?
The value of the bridge?
这座桥的价值?
The bridge is a place, I think, where you can kind of change the frame of reference of a song.
我认为,桥梁是一个可以改变歌曲参考框架的地方。
You could probably do anything, I guess.
我想你可能可以做任何事情。
Lennon used to…
列侬曾经...
1:09:56 He would have some kind of biting lyrics, like “We Can Work It Out.” So McCartney writes the, you know, “Try to see it my way.
他会有一些尖锐的歌词,比如“We Can Work It Out”。所以麦卡特尼写道,你知道,“尝试以我的方式看待它。
Do I have to keep on going until I can’t go on?” And then, but the bridge is very Lennon.
难道我必须一直走下去,直到无法走下去为止吗?”然后,桥却很侬。
“Life is very short, and there’s no time.
“生命很短,没有时间。
For fussing and fighting, my friend.
为了大惊小怪和打架,我的朋友。
I have always thought that it’s a crime, so I’ll ask you once again.” I mean, it’s very, you know, very Lennon-esque.
我一直认为这是犯罪,所以我再问你一遍。”我的意思是,这非常,你知道,非常列侬式的。
This is …
这是……
That was really a …
那真是一个……
kind of a real collaboration between the two of those.
两者之间的一种真正的合作。
This is where different parts of the band can clash- …
这就是乐队不同部分可能发生冲突的地方——……
1:10:29 in interesting ways.
以有趣的方式。
I mean, the Beatles are the epitome of that.
我的意思是,披头士乐队就是其中的缩影。
Such …
这样的……
Like, each individual Beatle is a great talent in their own right.
就像,每个披头士乐队成员本身就是一个伟大的天才。
How were the Beatles able to create some of the greatest songs of all time all before they turned 30 years old?
甲壳虫乐队是如何在 30 岁之前创作出一些有史以来最伟大的歌曲的?
I have never been able to figure that out, but I have a theory that- …
我一直无法弄清楚这一点,但我有一个理论——……
1:10:51 because PA-
因为 PA-
I have a theory.
我有一个理论。
Because PA systems were so bad back then- …
因为当时的公共广播系统太糟糕了——……
1:10:59 and the Beatles …
和披头士乐队……
People screamed so loudly that the Beatles thought, “Okay.
人们尖叫得如此之大,以至于披头士乐队想:“好吧。
We don’t, we don’t need …
我们不,我们不需要……
We can’t tour anymore ’cause we can’t even hear ourselves, so we’re just gonna be a studio band.” And maybe because of …
我们不能再巡演了,因为我们甚至听不到自己的声音,所以我们只能成为一支录音室乐队。”也许是因为……
We have all these great late Beatles records, they’re from 1966 on, just because they had bad PA systems.
我们拥有所有这些伟大的甲壳虫乐队晚期唱片,它们是从 1966 年开始的,只是因为他们的扩音系统很糟糕。
And they had no monitors.
他们没有显示器。
You know, they’re in Shea Stadium.
你知道,他们在谢伊体育场。
1:11:28 People are screaming so loudly they can’t hear themselves.
人们大声尖叫,以至于他们自己都听不见。
They’re like, “Okay, forget this.
他们会说:“好吧,忘了这个吧。
We can’t tour.
我们不能游览。
We’ll just make studio records,” so that’s what they did, and in that one year, like, from August 6th, 1965, they put out Help!.
我们只会制作录音室唱片,”所以他们就是这么做的,在那一年,比如从 1965 年 8 月 6 日开始,他们推出了《Help!》。
Then in December 3rd, they put out Rubber Soul of ’65.
然后在 12 月 3 日,他们推出了《65》的《Rubber Soul》。
Then, then August 5th, they put out Revolver.
然后,8 月 5 日,他们推出了《左轮手枪》。
So within 365 days, they put out three 14, I think, 14-song records.
因此,在 365 天内,他们推出了三张 14 首歌曲的唱片。
So they wrote and recorded three incredibly important records.
因此他们创作并录制了三张极其重要的唱片。
They were in the studio.
他们在工作室里。
It’s like working out.
这就像锻炼一样。
1:12:04 They’re practicing their craft every day, writing songs, trying to outdo the other ones, and so you had the, the perfect thing of, of four supremely talented musicians, songwriters, singers, and then the best producer you could possibly have, George Martin, and, and it was just a perfect storm.
他们每天都在练习自己的技艺,写歌,试图超越其他人,所以你拥有了四位才华横溢的音乐家、词曲作者、歌手,然后是你可能拥有的最好的制作人乔治·马丁,这是完美的事情,而且,这只是一场完美的风暴。
I think that when I would talk to friends that would just play in local clubs, and they’d play four-hour sets five nights a week, and they never lost their voices because they’re always working those muscles.
我想,当我和那些只在当地俱乐部打球的朋友交谈时,他们每周五个晚上打四小时的比赛,他们从来不会失声,因为他们总是在锻炼肌肉。
And same with the Beatles.
披头士乐队也是如此。
They were always in the studio singing every single day, doing takes, and I think that that was part of it, at least.
他们每天总是在录音室里唱歌,做录音,我认为这至少是其中的一部分。
But you also have this theory- that you know, that the greatest productivity that musicians have is before they turn 30.
但你也有这样的理论——你知道,音乐家的最高生产力是在他们 30 岁之前。
1:12:51 The greatest, sort of, creative genius that can come out of the human mind musically is before the age of 30.
人类头脑中最伟大的音乐创作天才是在 30 岁之前。
Well, I think it’s the same in mathematics, as well, the- …
嗯,我认为数学上也是一样的,而且——……
1:13:09 you have this fluid intelligence versus crystallized intelligence.
你拥有流体智力与结晶智力。
Fluid intelligence up until you’re about, you know, in your late 20s-
流动智力直到你大约,你知道,20多岁——
Yeah
是啊
…
……
1:13:19 30 years old, and then crystallized, so you’re using…
30岁,然后结晶,所以你正在使用……
The crystallized is you’re using your life experience to write things, so you’ll find that composers like Bach, Beethoven, Mozart wrote their most important works at the end of their lives.
结晶是你用你的生活经历来写东西,所以你会发现像巴赫、贝多芬、莫扎特这样的作曲家在他们生命的尽头写下了他们最重要的作品。
Beethoven, the late string quartets, the Ninth Symphony, things like that.
贝多芬、晚期弦乐四重奏、第九交响曲等等。
So, they have a whole lifetime of experience that lead up to this, and there’s not…
所以,他们有一生的经验导致这一切,而且没有......
They’re not improvising, but things for improvising, writing pop songs, and that…
他们不是即兴创作,而是即兴创作、写流行歌曲,而且……
I think when your mind is really most active and your brain processing speed is at its pinnacle, that…
我认为当你的思维真正最活跃并且你的大脑处理速度达到顶峰时,那......
This is just my theory-
这只是我的理论-
1:14:01 …
……
that people can come up with those kind of ideas.
人们可以想出这样的想法。
Same with improvising.
即兴创作也是如此。
I think that most jazz improvisers, not all, but most, do their best improvising before the age of 30.
我认为大多数爵士乐即兴演奏者,不是全部,而是大多数,在 30 岁之前即兴演奏。
Creating something new.
创造新事物。
Yes.
是的。
Truly novel, that requires youth.
真正的新奇,需要青春。
1:14:15 It’s just a theory though, but it seems to apply.
虽然这只是一个理论,但似乎是适用的。
What do you think about the 27 Club?
您对27俱乐部有何看法?
A bunch of the music greats died at 27.
许多音乐巨星在 27 岁时就去世了。
Hendrix, Brian Jones, Jim Morrison, Janis Joplin, Amy Winehouse.
亨德里克斯、布莱恩·琼斯、吉姆·莫里森、贾尼斯·乔普林、艾米·怀恩豪斯。
Kurt Cobain.
库尔特·柯本.
Kurt Cobain, of course.
当然是科特·柯本。
1:14:34 A big part of music history is linked to drug history.
音乐史的很大一部分与毒品史有关。
LSD, coke, heroin, weed.
LSD、可乐、海洛因、大麻。
Smoking.
吸烟。
Smoking.
吸烟。
I think about this a lot.
我想了很多。
1:14:50 If you go back and you watch videos, The Beatles, any of their movies, they’re smoking all the time.
如果你回去看视频,披头士乐队,他们的任何电影,他们一直在抽烟。
The Get Back documentary, they’re smoking constantly.
在《回归》纪录片中,他们一直在抽烟。
Go watch any of the MTV Unpluggeds, Nirvana, Kurt Cobain is smoking every second that he’s not playing, he’s smoking.
去观看任何一部 MTV Unpluggeds、Nirvana,Kurt Cobain 在他不演奏的每一秒都在抽烟,他在抽烟。
Every singer smoked.
每个歌手都抽烟。
Every musician smoked.
每个音乐家都抽烟。
Nowadays, I asked my son, Dylan, “Dylan, does anybody smoke?” at his high school.
如今,我问我的儿子迪伦:“迪伦,有人抽烟吗?”在他的高中。
He’s like- …”Smoke?
他就像——……“抽烟?
Nobody smokes.” The- it was an absurd question.
没人抽烟。”这——这是一个荒谬的问题。
And that was part of culture.
这是文化的一部分。
It was for everybody.
这是为每个人准备的。
1:15:24 I mean, that was, that was a big transformation over the past 20 years and just everybody stopped smoking.
我的意思是,过去 20 年来这是一个巨大的转变,每个人都戒烟了。
But I don’t think smoking has the kind of hard negative effect that we’re talking about.
但我不认为吸烟会产生我们所说的那种严重的负面影响。
I mean, I almost would rather have them smoke than some of the other hard drugs.
我的意思是,我几乎宁愿让他们吸烟,也不愿让他们吸烟,而不是其他一些硬性毒品。
Maybe smoking distracts them from the hard…
也许吸烟会分散他们对困难的注意力……
I mean, heroin and coke, I mean, those, those things really, and alcohol, unfortunately-
我是说,海洛因和可乐,我是说,那些,那些东西,不幸的是,还有酒精——
1:15:50 …
……
can be easily abused, I think.
我认为很容易被滥用。
It seems like it’s a…
似乎这是一个……
The life of a musician, this dopamine thing of getting on stage and being adored by tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of people, the high of that, and then the comedown after is really hard life, for just even neurobiologically, of like, how do you deal with that?
音乐家的生活,登上舞台并受到数以万计、数十万人崇拜的多巴胺,其中的高潮,然后是之后的衰落,这真的是艰难的生活,甚至从神经生物学角度来说,就像,你如何处理这种情况?
You have to be able to control the rollercoaster of your mind, and of course drugs will be a part of that.
你必须能够控制自己情绪的过山车,当然毒品也是其中的一部分。
And you think everything is allowed and everything is possible.
你认为一切都是允许的,一切都是可能的。
And then there’s also culture, depending on who you hang out with, that certain kinds of categories of drugs are good for your creativity.
还有一种文化,取决于你和谁一起出去玩,某些类别的药物有利于你的创造力。
1:16:37 And so, naturally, you start to abuse those drugs.
因此,很自然地,你开始滥用这些药物。
I don’t know.
我不知道。
I think it’s really interesting the role that drugs have played in the history of music.
我认为毒品在音乐史上扮演的角色非常有趣。
They have certainly been extremely destructive, but they have also certainly been productive muses, inspirations for some of these folks.
他们无疑具有极大的破坏性,但他们也无疑是富有成效的缪斯,为其中一些人提供了灵感。
Oh, absolutely.
哦,绝对是。
1:17:02 Now, would we want to, you know, advocate people doing things like that to boost their creativity?
现在,我们是否想提倡人们做这样的事情来提高他们的创造力?
No.
不。
Well, I wouldn’t, but just like smoking, which I think improved people’s voices- I mean really, the raspiness of it- …
好吧,我不会,但就像吸烟一样,我认为吸烟可以改善人们的声音——我的意思是真的,它的刺耳声——……
1:17:13 this is the reason that so many of these, virtually every famous singer- …
这就是为什么这么多人,几乎每一个著名歌手——……
no matter what genre of music, jazz, soul, rock, they all smoked.
无论什么流派的音乐,爵士乐、灵魂乐、摇滚,他们都抽烟。
Yeah.
是的。
Nat King Cole.
纳特·金·科尔。
Miles Davis too?
迈尔斯·戴维斯也有吗?
Miles smoked- everybody smoked.
迈尔斯抽烟——每个人都抽烟。
1:17:40 Miles did…
迈尔斯做了……
Well, Miles was a heroin addict too.
嗯,迈尔斯也是一名海洛因成瘾者。
I mean-
我的意思是——
Yeah, yeah.
是啊,是啊。
…
……
1:17:45 so many jazz musicians.
这么多爵士音乐家。
Well, Miles had a sound to him.
嗯,迈尔斯有声音。
1:17:46 You’re right.
你是对的。
I mean, smoking must play a gigantic role in that, adding some complexity to the voice.
我的意思是,吸烟一定在其中发挥了巨大的作用,增加了声音的复杂性。
Yes.
是的。
Yeah, some richness to the voice.
是的,声音有些丰富。
Nat King Cole, he smoked, I think, four packs a day.
纳特·金·科尔(Nat King Cole),我想他一天吸四包烟。
1:17:58 He died of lung cancer.
他死于肺癌。
Lotta heavy smokers though, in singers.
不过,在歌手中,有很多烟瘾很大的人。
Frank Sinatra, heavy smoker.
弗兰克·辛纳屈(Frank Sinatra),烟瘾很大。
McCartney was a heavy smoker.
麦卡特尼是个烟鬼。
Lennon, all those guys smoked.
列侬,那些家伙都抽烟。
Yeah, it’s hard to know, chicken or the egg.
是的,很难知道先有鸡还是先有蛋。
1:18:13 But I certainly wouldn’t recommend doing drugs as a way to get better at music.
但我当然不建议通过吸毒来提高音乐水平。
No, no.
不,不。
But, you know, it does seem to go hand-in-hand.
但是,你知道,这似乎是齐头并进的。
1:18:24 And some of it has to do with the period, with the time period, with the place, ’cause sometimes it’s part of the culture.
其中一些与时期、时间段、地点有关,因为有时它是文化的一部分。
The drug is like you’re saying, smoking.
毒品就像你说的,吸烟。
If you were smoking now, that’s gonna be a very different experience than smoking 10 years ago, 20 years ago, 50 years ago.
如果你现在吸烟,那将是一种与 10 年前、20 年前、50 年前吸烟截然不同的体验。
There’s a different vibe.
有一种不一样的氛围。
So, sometimes the drug is a deep integrated part of the culture versus an actual chemical substance.
因此,有时药物是文化中深度整合的一部分,而不是实际的化学物质。
The ’60s, right?
六十年代,对吧?
I don’t know.
我不知道。
They were on everything in the ’60s.
他们在 60 年代无所不包。
Yeah….
是啊……
1:18:56 I mean, it has to account for something, Lex, you know?
我的意思是,它必须解释一些事情,莱克斯,你知道吗?
On the songwriting front, you mentioned a story about Elton John recording.
在歌曲创作方面,您提到了有关埃尔顿·约翰录音的故事。
1:19:04 So he’s one of the legendary songwriters.
所以他是传奇的歌曲作者之一。
But yeah.
但是是的。
You’ve met him, and you know something about the process of his, um-
你见过他,你也知道他的过程,嗯-
Yeah, ’cause he was recording in a studio in Atlanta that I was working with a band that I was producing.
是的,因为他在亚特兰大的一个录音室里录音,而我正在和我制作的乐队一起工作。
1:19:17 And he was in—I was in Studio B, he was in Studio A.
他在——我在 B 工作室,他在 A 工作室。
And this band that I was working with, they were called Jump, Little Children.
和我一起工作的这个乐队,他们的名字叫“Jump, Little Children”。
And so, he had his assistant come in and ask, “Hey, is this…
于是,他让助理进来问道:“喂,这是……吗?”
Are you guys Jump, Little Children?” “Yeah, yeah, yeah.” And then all of a sudden, I couldn’t see out into the live room.
小孩子们,你们跳起来了吗?” “是啊,是啊,是啊。”然后突然间,我看不到直播室里的情况了。
Elton walked into the thing, and we were getting ready to track, and I’m, I’m pressing the button.
埃尔顿走进了那个东西,我们正准备追踪,我,我正在按下按钮。
“Yo, where are, where are you guys?
“哟,你们在哪里,你们在哪里?
What’s up?
这是怎么回事?
I thought we were gonna start this.” And no one’s responding.
我以为我们要开始这个了。”但没有人回应。
I can hear talking, it’s like, “What, what is going on?
我能听到说话声,就像是,“什么,发生了什么事?
Where are they?” Then all of a sudden they come back in the studio and they were stunned.
他们在哪里?”然后突然他们回到工作室,他们都惊呆了。
1:19:52 I said, “Where were you guys?” “Elton John just walked into our session.
我说:“你们在哪里?” “埃尔顿·约翰刚刚走进我们的会议。
And he said he’s a big fan.
他说他是它的忠实粉丝。
He said to come over when we’re done and hang out in Studio A.” So we did, and he was there with Bernie Taupin, and they were working on a song.
他说我们结束后就过来在 A 工作室闲逛。”所以我们就这么做了,他和伯尼·陶平一起在那里,他们正在创作一首歌。
And we talked there for an hour, and he was talking about recording two records a year, and then they’d go on tour, and they’d write and record the whole record in two weeks.
我们在那里聊了一个小时,他说每年录制两张唱片,然后他们会去巡演,他们会在两周内写完并录制整张唱片。
So Bernie would give him lyrics.
所以伯尼会给他歌词。
Elton would go out and spend 15 minutes writing all the melody.
埃尔顿会出去花 15 分钟写下所有的旋律。
He’d look at his lyrics, and he was doing that that day.
他会看他的歌词,那天他就是这样做的。
Bernie was there, and they had a lyric sheet up on the piano.
伯尼也在场,他们的钢琴上放着一张歌词。
And Elton would go on, and they’d just re-…
埃尔顿会继续,他们只是重新……
“Okay, just record this.” And Elton would sit there and play and come up with the song- …
“好吧,就记录下来吧。”埃尔顿会坐在那里演奏并创作出这首歌——……
in 15 minutes or so.
15分钟左右。
Yeah, that’s crazy.
是的,那太疯狂了。
There’s a great version of, I think, Tiny Dancer, where Elton is coming up with it on, it’s on YouTube.
我认为《Tiny Dancer》有一个很棒的版本,是 Elton 创作的,在 YouTube 上。
1:20:38 And he’s just coming up with the music right there.
他只是在那里想出音乐。
And then the band, “Okay, here’s how it goes.” And they record it right then.
然后乐队说:“好吧,事情是这样的。”他们立即记录下来。
Then move onto the next song.
然后转到下一首歌曲。
I see this.
我看到这个。
I mean, it’s really incredible.
我的意思是,这真的太不可思议了。
That’s it.
就是这样。
Yeah.
是的。
True.
真的。
There’s one there that I’ve sort of done the other day with Tiny Dancer, which is about Bernie’s girlfriend.
前几天我和《小舞者》一起做了一个,是关于伯尼的女朋友的。
So I just sort of ran it through and then put two verses together, then a mid-like, then a chorus, and then back to the sort of verse sort of thing.
所以我只是把它演一遍,然后把两节经文放在一起,然后是中间部分,然后是副歌,然后回到诗歌之类的东西。
It’s, it happens very quickly.
是的,它发生得很快。
It sounds long, but it sort of starts off- >
听起来很长,但它有点开始->
Okay.
好的。
I mean, it’s really amazing that he just-
我的意思是,他只是——
Yeah.
是的。
1:21:38 He’s looking at just the lyrics.
他只看歌词。
Yeah, and it’s one of the, he’s one of the very few people that has the lyrics first and writes the music to it, which to me is far more difficult.
是的,这是其中之一,他是极少数首先拥有歌词并为其创作音乐的人之一,这对我来说要困难得多。
1:21:39 99% Of songwriters write the music first, and then they put the melody and lyrics to the finished backing track.
99% 的歌曲作者先写音乐,然后将旋律和歌词放入完成的背景音乐中。
And maybe they write, like, lyrics, they write, like nonsense words kind of- …
也许他们写的,比如,歌词,他们写的,就像无意义的文字——……
1:21:58 thing.
事。
And then they figure out from there.
然后他们从那里找出答案。
Yeah, that’s…
是的,那是……
I mean, I don’t know what skill that is exactly, but that’s incredible.
我的意思是,我不知道那到底是什么技能,但这太不可思议了。
I mean, in that process he makes it his own.
我的意思是,在这个过程中他把它变成了自己的。
Okay.
好的。
You had an amazing interview with Kirk Hammett.
您对柯克·哈米特进行了一次精彩的采访。
I’m a huge Metallica fan.
我是 Metallica 的超级粉丝。
Same here.
同样在这里。
There is a lot of interesting stuff that came out of that, from that conversation.
那次谈话中产生了很多有趣的东西。
1:22:25 One is the distinction between heavy metal and hard rock.
一是重金属和硬摇滚之间的区别。
Which is very interesting.
这很有趣。
Of course, Metallica went through their own evolution.
当然,Metallica 经历了自己的演变。
They had many periods.
他们有很多时期。
I mean, they’ve been around 40 years.
我的意思是,他们已经有大约 40 年了。
Over 40 years, yeah.
40多年了,是的。
1:22:43 Crazy.
疯狂的。
The other thing is the downpicking, which was interesting, which is creating that really distinct sound.
另一件事是向下拾音,这很有趣,它创造了真正独特的声音。
James and Kirk’s, the downpicking, I used to be able to do that.
詹姆斯和柯克的,低挑的,我曾经能够做到这一点。
1:22:52 I just can’t do that anymore.
我不能再这样做了。
It hurts my thumb- …
我的大拇指很痛——……
to do it.
去做它。
I think honestly, I thought a lot about it.
老实说,我想了很多。
It’s like, why does it, why is it so painful?
就像,为什么会这样,为什么这么痛苦?
Why is it so hard?
为什么这么难?
It’s from swiping with your thumb on phones.
这是因为用拇指在手机上滑动。
And I think it affects that basal joint there, and—I’m sorry—no, I’m serious.
我认为它会影响那里的基底关节,而且 - 对不起 - 不,我是认真的。
I love your theories.
我喜欢你的理论。
Well, I think that that’s actually right, ’cause I’m thinking like, “Why does that hurt so much to do that?
嗯,我认为这实际上是对的,因为我在想,“为什么这样做会这么痛苦?
1:23:14 All the downstrokes and stuff.” It’s gotta be something.
所有的下击之类的。”一定是有什么东西。
It’s like, yeah, it’s from swiping with the phone.
就像,是的,这是用手机刷的。
The other thing that came through is that he’s an improviser at heart.
另一件事情是,他本质上是一个即兴创作者。
1:23:23 And that, I think, clashes with this kind of rigid structure that metal is.
我认为这与金属的这种刚性结构相冲突。
So there’s a real soulful, melodic aspect to him.
所以他有一种真正深情的、旋律优美的一面。
And he gave a lot of props to James Hetfield for just being a great composer, being a great musician and writer of riffs, of rhythm.
他对詹姆斯·海特菲尔德(James Hetfield)给予了很多支持,因为他是一位伟大的作曲家,一位伟大的音乐家和即兴即兴的节奏作家。
The improvisation part of it you don’t think of ’cause they’ve…
你不会想到其中的即兴创作部分,因为他们……
1:23:45 ’cause you have the finished songs that you listen to.
因为你已经听完歌曲了。
But those songs are born out of improvisations, of jams, of little fragments of ideas.
但这些歌曲是从即兴创作、即兴创作、想法的小片段中诞生的。
And then they craft them into these masterpieces.
然后他们将它们制作成这些杰作。
Also, you mentioned that…
另外,你提到过……
1:24:04 This is weird that I didn’t know, that Hendrix used different gauges of strings.
这很奇怪,我不知道,亨德里克斯使用了不同规格的琴弦。
Yeah, he was the one that talked about that, wasn’t he?
是的,他就是那个谈论这件事的人,不是吗?
Mm-hmm, yeah, mm-hmm.
嗯嗯,是的,嗯嗯。
Yeah, that was really interesting.
是的,那真的很有趣。
1:24:13 See, these are the things that I like to learn from these interviews with these people.
看,这些是我喜欢从这些人的采访中学到的东西。
I was like, “What?
我当时想,“什么?
Why have I never heard of that?”
为什么我从来没有听说过?”
It’s like, it’s one of the ways you can find uniqueness of sound, is by trying different things that are not…
就像,这是你发现声音独特性的方法之一,就是尝试不同的东西……
1:24:24 I mean, I guess Apple was really good at this, right?
我的意思是,我猜苹果在这方面真的很擅长,对吧?
Like, completely breaking out of what you’re supposed to do, the ways you’re supposed to do them, and doing it completely differently.
就像,完全打破你应该做的事情、你应该做的方式,并以完全不同的方式做事。
You often ask musicians what their perfect song is.
你经常问音乐家他们最完美的歌曲是什么。
First of all, that’s an interesting question.
首先,这是一个有趣的问题。
What is a perfect song?
什么是完美的歌曲?
Like, one surprise is, Hans Zimmer said God Only Knows by the Beach Boys.
令人惊讶的是,汉斯·齐默 (Hans Zimmer) 演唱了海滩男孩的《只有上帝知道》(God Only Knows)。
I was surprised by that too, but I thought it was like, “Yeah, okay, that’s a perfect song for sure.” The first interview I ever did was with Peter Frampton in 2018, and I asked him in that interview, “What’s the perfect song?” And he said, “Whiter Shade of Pale.” And I was like, “Ooh, that’s a great song.” And then I thought, “I’m gonna ask that to people, just to see what they…” Now people are prepared if I ask that.
我也对此感到惊讶,但我想,“是的,好吧,这确实是一首完美的歌曲。”我第一次采访 Peter Frampton 是在 2018 年,我在那次采访中问他:“哪首歌是完美的?”他说:“更白的阴影。”我当时想,“哦,那是一首很棒的歌。”然后我想,“我要问人们这个问题,只是为了看看他们……”现在,如果我问这个问题,人们已经准备好了。
But it’s like, they’re willing to go out on a limb and say it.
但就像是,他们愿意冒着风险说出来。
1:25:14 Like, if you ask me, I don’t even know.
就像,如果你问我,我什至不知道。
I guess you just say it, whatever, right?
我想你只是说说而已,对吧?
Like, what would I even say?
就像,我什至会说什么?
What’s a perfect song?
什么是完美的歌曲?
Yeah, I would go…
是的,我会去……
See, I feel the pressure.
你看,我感受到了压力。
Right?
正确的?
Because the problem is, the reality is, it changes day by day, like minute by minute.
因为问题是,现实是,它每天都在变化,就像每一分钟一样。
1:25:30 I…
我……
Yeah, I would probably, I’m sorry, but I would have to go Mark Knopfler.
是的,我可能会,很抱歉,但我必须去马克·诺普弗勒。
And I would probably go…
我可能会去……
Is it really cheesy to say the obvious thing?
说这么明显的事情真的很俗气吗?
I would go Sultans of Swing.
我会去摇摆苏丹。
Even though like I’m tempted to say Europa, but then like…
尽管我很想说欧罗巴,但后来就像……
Sultans of Swing hits on so many levels- …
《Sultans of Swing》的打击范围如此之广——……
1:25:58 ’cause it’s got a great melody, great lyrics, and then multiple great guitar solos.
因为它有很棒的旋律,很棒的歌词,还有多首很棒的吉他独奏。
And has such a unique sound to it.
并且有如此独特的声音。
The other thing is that it sounds very different from other Dire Straits songs.
另一件事是,它听起来与其他 Dire Straits 歌曲非常不同。
I mean, this is like early- …
我的意思是,这就像早期——……
Dire Straits Strat tone.
可怕海峡 Strat 语气。
And then you think of like Money for Nothing is a Les Paul, and it’s a totally different kind of vibe than him playing it on Sultans of Swing.
然后你就会想到 Money for Nothing 就是 Les Paul,这与他在 Sultans of Swing 中演奏的氛围完全不同。
But that song’s amazing.
但这首歌真是太棒了。
Plus it’s about music.
另外,它与音乐有关。
Yes.
是的。
So it’s like there’s a meta aspect to it.
所以这就像它有一个元方面。
1:26:30 But then there’s also like, we’re talking about this guitar stuff, but Leonard Cohen, Hallelujah.
但还有,我们正在谈论吉他的东西,但莱昂纳德·科恩,哈利路亚。
I mean, Leonard Cohen in general.
我的意思是,总的来说,莱昂纳德·科恩。
Like these songwriters, they go super simple on guitar.
和这些词曲作者一样,他们的吉他演奏也非常简单。
And there, it’s just what’s that called?
就在那里,它叫什么?
Singer-songwriter type.
创作歌手类型。
I told you off my one of my, maybe the music guest that’s a dream guest is Tom Waits.
我告诉过你我的一位音乐嘉宾,也许梦想中的音乐嘉宾是汤姆·威茨 (Tom Waits)。
I’ve wanted to talk to Tom Waits for a very long time, and I’ve gone through different periods of…
我想和汤姆·威茨谈谈很久了,而且我经历了不同的时期……
You’ve met me at a point in my life where I’ve given up on it a little bit.
你在我生命中的某个时刻遇见了我,我已经有点放弃了。
And I was trying-
我正在尝试-
That’s when it’s gonna happen.
那就是它会发生的时候。
1:27:11 That’s-
那是——
Okay.
好的。
Once you give up on it, it’s gonna happen.
一旦你放弃了,它就会发生。
Yeah.
是的。
1:27:16 Yeah.
是的。
Why Tom Waits won’t be on your podcast.
为什么汤姆·威茨不会出现在你的播客上。
Exactly.
确切地。
1:27:23 Exactly, dude.
没错,伙计。
This is, this is my, this is my moment.
这是,这是我的,这是我的时刻。
Tom, come, come here.
汤姆,过来,过来。
1:27:27 Let’s do it.
我们开始做吧。
I wanna see it.
我想看看。
I’m such a fan of, like the Zappa-like artistry on the musical front, which Tom Waits has, but I’m a sucker for great lyrics.
我非常喜欢汤姆·威茨 (Tom Waits) 在音乐方面的 Zappa 式艺术才华,但我很喜欢伟大的歌词。
1:27:31 Lyrics to me is such a big part of great songs.
对我来说,歌词是伟大歌曲的重要组成部分。
And he’s another example.
他是另一个例子。
He has a song called Martha.
他有一首歌叫玛莎。
It’s about a love story that didn’t work out, and it’s an older man calling the woman that he was in love with, and basically reminiscing about like, you know, thinking about like, “What would’ve happened if it worked out?” That kinda thing.
这是关于一个没有成功的爱情故事,一个年长的男人打电话给他所爱的女人,基本上是在回忆,你知道,想着“如果成功的话会发生什么?”那种事。
And then, you know, I loved that song for a long time, and you know at some point I found out that he wrote that when he was in his early 20s.
然后,你知道,我喜欢这首歌很长一段时间,你知道在某个时候我发现他在 20 岁出头时写了这首歌。
And you realize, it’s similar with the Beatles, like- …
你意识到,这与披头士乐队很相似,就像……
These guys somehow were able to capture the human condition so masterfully, and they’re kids.
这些家伙以某种方式能够如此巧妙地捕捉人类的状况,而且他们还是孩子。
1:28:26 This, I don’t get it.
这个,我不明白。
I don’t understand it.
我不明白。
I can’t speak for Tom Waits, but in the Beatles case, they went to Hamburg, they spent time on their own, they played cover gigs that were eight hours long, and they lived-
我不能代表汤姆·威茨说话,但在披头士乐队的例子中,他们去了汉堡,他们自己度过了时间,他们进行了长达八小时的翻唱演出,他们生活-
Yeah, they’ve lived-
是的,他们曾经生活过——
…
……
1:28:40 they lived life.
他们过着生活。
It’s not like, not like kids today.
这不像、不像今天的孩子。
Now you’re on a porch.
现在你在门廊上。
1:28:46 You also had an amazing interview with Billy Corgan, of Smashing Pumpkins.
您还对 Smashing Pumpkins 乐队的 Billy Corgan 进行了一次精彩的采访。
He is definitively one of my favorite musicians.
他绝对是我最喜欢的音乐家之一。
I love Billy.
我爱比利。
You asked him an interesting question about how he creates this melancholy feeling that permeates a lot of his songs, and he jokingly said that the secret is all about the seventh and the ninth.
你问他一个有趣的问题,关于他如何创造这种渗透在他很多歌曲中的忧郁感觉,他开玩笑地说,秘密就在于第七和第九。
1:28:59 So like, musically, chord-wise, what do you think about that?
那么,从音乐上、和弦上来说,你对此有何看法?
You think he’s onto something?
你认为他有什么想法吗?
He’s talking a little music theory there.
他在那里讲了一些音乐理论。
1:29:18 Seventh and ninth over the chord that he’s playing.
他演奏的和弦上的第七和第九。
So if you’re playing a C chord, he’s singing a B, would be the seventh, D would be the ninth.
所以如果你弹奏 C 和弦,他唱的是 B 和弦,也就是第七和弦,D 就是第九和弦。
And he does use a lot of those notes.
他确实使用了很多这样的笔记。
But almost all these people that we’re talking…
但我们谈论的几乎所有这些人……
No, all these people that we’re talking about use these notes, and this is why their songs…
不,我们谈论的所有这些人都使用这些音符,这就是为什么他们的歌曲......
And when I interviewed Sting, I called them surprise tones, and Sting’s like, “I like the way you use the word surprise.” Notes that are outside the chord that are dissonant with the chords that they’re playing, but then that creates emotion.
当我采访斯汀时,我称它们为惊喜语气,斯汀就像是,“我喜欢你使用惊喜这个词的方式。”和弦之外的音符与他们演奏的和弦不和谐,但这会产生情感。
Dissonance equals emotion.
不和谐等于情绪。
And that’s what I like.
这就是我喜欢的。
I want music to be…
我希望音乐是……
to depress me.
让我沮丧。
Yeah.
是的。
1:29:59 What is that?
那是什么?
I don’t know.
我不知道。
But melancholy, and I think you articulate it in Aries, it’s not actually that depressing.
但是忧郁,我认为你在白羊座表达了它,它实际上并没有那么令人沮丧。
There’s something about that melancholy feeling that is somehow the other side of the coin of happiness.
那种忧郁的感觉在某种程度上是幸福硬币的另一面。
It’s a kind of longing.
这是一种向往。
1:30:16 Or there’s a hopefulness to it.
或者说它还有希望。
That aloneness that you feel.
你感受到的那种孤独。
I mean, that’s actually like one of the intimate connections you have with music, is when you’re alone.
我的意思是,这实际上就像你与音乐的亲密联系之一,就是当你独处时。
There’s nothing like you’re alone in a car driving, listening to, like, whatever it is, Bruce Springsteen.
没有什么比你独自一人在车里开车、听布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀(Bruce Springsteen)的音乐更好的了。
Well, I think Louis CK has a bit about that.
嗯,我认为 Louis CK 对此有一些看法。
And was it Bruce Springsteen?
是布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀吗?
But sometimes he has to pull over to the side of the road and just weep, or something like this.
但有时他不得不把车停在路边哭泣,或者类似的事情。
It’s just there’s something about that.
只是有这样的事情。
Sometimes a song just connects with you.
有时候,一首歌就能与你产生共鸣。
And I don’t know, nothing like a melancholy song could do that.
我不知道,没有什么比一首忧郁的歌曲能做到这一点。
It…
它…
1:30:55 You think about, like, maybe things you regret or how life could’ve worked out.
你会想,也许你会后悔一些事情,或者生活本来可以如何发展。
And sometimes it’s not even about, like…
有时它甚至不是关于,比如……
It’s not even real.
这甚至都不是真的。
It just connects something in the soul.
它只是连接灵魂中的某些东西。
The uneasiness that we all feel.
我们都感到不安。
Maybe the loneliness we all feel that underpins so much of the human condition, and it just connects with that.
也许我们都感受到的孤独是人类处境的基础,而它恰恰与此相关。
I don’t know what that is.
我不知道那是什么。
There’s a Kurt Cobain lyric.
有一首科特·柯本的歌词。
1:31:16 It was on the In Utero record, from the song Frances Farmer.
它出现在 In Utero 唱片中,选自歌曲 Frances Farmer。
The chorus part is, “I miss the comfort of being sad.”…
副歌部分是,“我怀念悲伤时的安慰。”……
and I was like, “Yes.” > I was like, “Yeah, that’s it right there.”
我说:“是的。” > 我当时想,“是的,就在那里。”
In terms of love songs, I somehow find powerful that kind of desperation.
就情歌而言,我不知何故发现那种绝望的力量。
1:31:35 So like I’ve always connected with Pearl Jam’s Black.
就像我一直与 Pearl Jam 的 Black 有着联系一样。
Oh, amazing.
哦,太棒了。
Like that line is…
就像那条线是…
1:31:46 A friend of mine was going through a breakup, so I was listening and he, he’s the one that introduced me to Pearl Jam during that, that whole period when Pearl Jam was huge with Ten.
我的一个朋友正在经历分手,所以我在听,他,他是在那段时期向我介绍了 Pearl Jam 的人,整个时期,Pearl Jam 和《Ten》都很受欢迎。
Is, is that line is “Someday-“
是,那句台词是“有一天——”
“Someday you’ll have a beautiful life.
“总有一天,你会拥有美好的生活。
1:32:02 You know, someday you’ll be a star in somebody else’s sky.
你知道,有一天你会成为别人天空中的星星。
Why, why, why can’t it be, can’t it be mine?” Oh my God, that- …
为什么,为什么,为什么不能,不能是我的吗?”天哪,那个——……
blows me away.
让我震惊。
That’s an amazing line.
这是一条了不起的线。
Well, yeah, I mean-
嗯,是的,我的意思是——
The delivery is incredible on it too.
交付也令人难以置信。
Yeah.
是的。
1:32:22 Eddie Vedder, one of the great frontmen of all time.
埃迪·维德(Eddie Vedder),有史以来最伟大的主唱之一。
And that whole period, that whole moment in history of Kurt Cobain and Eddie Vedder that captured…
整个时期,科特·柯本和埃迪·维德历史上的整个时刻都捕捉到了……
That was the ’90s.
那是90年代。
That was one side of the ’90s that just…
那是 90 年代的一方面……
This singular moment in history.
这是历史上独一无二的时刻。
Who, who do you think are the great frontmen in the history of music?
您认为谁是音乐史上最伟大的主唱?
Freddie Mercury, Robert Plant.
弗雷迪·摩克瑞、罗伯特·普兰特。
Freddie Mercury number one, probably.
弗雷迪·墨丘利可能排名第一。
Steven Tyler.
史蒂文·泰勒.
Jim Morrison.
吉姆·莫里森。
Jim Morrison?
吉姆·莫里森?
1:32:51 Yeah.
是的。
Roger Daltrey.
罗杰·达尔特雷.
Well, we have to say, I have to say, James Hetfield.
好吧,我们不得不说,我不得不说,詹姆斯·海特菲尔德。
James Hetfield?
詹姆斯·海特菲尔德?
I mean, there’s nothing…
我的意思是,什么都没有……
1:33:01 I mean, I have to talk to you about this.
我的意思是,我必须和你谈谈这件事。
I mean, it’s just the greatest, I think the greatest concert of all time.
我的意思是,这是有史以来最伟大、我认为最伟大的音乐会。
This is their historic performance in Moscow in September of ’91.
这是他们91年9月在莫斯科的历史性演出。
This is shortly before the Soviet Union collapsed.
这是苏联解体前不久。
Plus, we should mention AC/DC and Pantera-
另外,我们应该提到 AC/DC 和 Pantera-
1:33:23 …
……
were there too.
也在场。
And about 1.6 million people were there.
那里有大约 160 万人。
Now, by the way, there’s like some kind of reporting that there was a half a million people, 500,000 people.
顺便说一句,现在有某种报道说有五十万人,五十万人。
There’s somewhere I’ve seen statements like that.
我在某个地方看到过类似的说法。
That’s a ridiculously inaccurate statement.
这是一个极其不准确的说法。
So it’s a free concert, so any official counts don’t count.
所以这是一场免费音乐会,所以任何官方统计都不算数。
It’s definitely over a million.
绝对超过一百万。
It’s very likely to be 1.5, 1.6 million people.
很可能是1.5、160万人。
And this moment in history that I think they channeled, it’s like whenever great music…
我认为他们引导了历史上的这一时刻,就像每当伟大的音乐......
Metallica was firing on all cylinders at the very top of their game, and they meet this moment in history and this place in history.
Metallica 在他们的比赛中全力以赴,他们遇到了历史上的这一时刻和历史上的这个地方。
1:34:04 There was a, a defining part of the 20th century collapsing, and you have these people who are, for a moment, through music, are able to escape the fear, the anger they feel, the…
20 世纪崩溃了,这是一个决定性的部分,而这些人,暂时通过音乐,能够逃避他们所感受到的恐惧、愤怒、……
all of it.
所有这一切。
There was also a political, social, cultural moment meeting the musical moment, and the set list, I was just…
还有一个政治、社会、文化时刻与音乐时刻相遇,还有曲目列表,我只是……
I listened to it several times over the past few days, just taking myself back into that moment in time.
这几天我听了好几遍,让自己回到了那个时刻。
Listen to this set list: Enter Sandman, Creeping Death, Harvester of Sorrow, Fade to Black, Sad but True, Master of Puppets, Seek and Destroy, For Whom the Bell Tolls, One, and Whiplash.
聆听此曲目列表:《睡魔上场》、《蠕动的死亡》、《悲伤收割者》、《褪色为黑色》、《悲伤但真实》、《木偶大师》、《寻找与毁灭》、《丧钟为谁而鸣》、《一号》和《鞭打》。
Look at that.
看看那个。
How is that-
怎么样——
That’s-
那是——
That just-
那只是——
That’s my kind of set
这就是我的一套
…
……
1:34:52 get the fuck out of here.
他妈的离开这里。
That’s-
那是——
This is amazing.
这太棒了。
1:34:53 This is-
这是——
That’s my kind of set right there.
这就是我的风格。
I don’t know if you can think of anything that could beat that.
我不知道你是否能想到任何可以打败它的东西。
I think that the guys in the band would say that, too.
我想乐队里的人也会这么说。
1:34:59 That was…
那是……
I mean, they were really at their peak.
我的意思是,他们确实处于巅峰状态。
The Black Album had just come out then, and that must have been so, so exciting.
那时《黑色专辑》刚刚发行,那一定是非常非常令人兴奋的。
I mean, Woodstock was big.
我的意思是,伍德斯托克音乐节规模很大。
1:35:12 There’s, there’s certain moments in time that really, really meet the moment.
确实,有一些特定的时刻真的非常适合这个时刻。
Are you a fan of live, live like big?
你是live、live like big的粉丝吗?
I used to be, but at this point- …
我曾经是,但现在——……
1:35:21 I can’t, you know…
我不能,你知道……
I’d much rather see people play in small clubs- …
我更愿意看到人们在小俱乐部里踢球——……
and, or go to the…
并且,或者去……
I’d like to listen in the studio.
我想在录音室听。
Go to the studio, even.
甚至去工作室。
I generally almost entirely agree with you.
我基本上几乎完全同意你的观点。
1:35:37 I just think that there’s these historic moments, but you don’t know- …
我只是觉得有这些历史性时刻,但你不知道——……
which are gonna be which, but you’re making the concert free, it’s just all of it, you get plus Pantera and AC/DC.
哪个会是哪个,但你让音乐会免费,这就是全部,你还可以得到 Pantera 和 AC/DC。
The other, which actually is a legitimate thing you mentioned, is one of the greatest concerts of all time: Beethoven’s world premiere of the Ninth Symphony.
另一场音乐会,实际上是你提到的合理的事情,是有史以来最伟大的音乐会之一:贝多芬《第九交响曲》的世界首演。
You know, I didn’t really know the personal side of Beethoven until I saw this movie called Immortal Beloved.
你知道,直到我看了这部电影《不朽的挚爱》,我才真正了解贝多芬的个人一面。
It’s an excellent movie with-
这是一部很棒的电影——
Gary Oldman
加里·奥德曼
…
……
1:36:13 Gary Oldman.
加里·奥德曼。
Just a really…
只是一个真正的…
it’s a masterful celebration of Beethoven in an interesting kind of way through the perspective of a love letter that he’s written.
这是通过贝多芬写的一封情书的视角,以一种有趣的方式对贝多芬进行了一次精彩的庆祝。
But then I realized like…
但后来我意识到……
and this is early, this is many, many…
这还早,这是很多很多……
this is a couple decades ago now, that, you know, he went deaf before he even started writing the Ninth Symphony, which is why they consider it to be one of the greatest compositions of all time, the greatest symphonies of all time.
这是几十年前的事了,你知道,他在开始写《第九交响曲》之前就聋了,这就是为什么他们认为它是有史以来最伟大的作品之一,有史以来最伟大的交响曲。
He went deaf, couldn’t hear anything before he even started writing it.
在他开始写之前,他就聋了,什么也听不见。
And so there’s that famous story of him in that world premiere of having to be turned around because he can’t hear people applauding, so he has to be turned around to see that people are actually clapping.
在那次世界首映中,有一个关于他的著名故事,因为他听不到人们鼓掌,所以他不得不转过身来,所以他必须转过身才能看到人们真的在鼓掌。
I mean, there’s just this whole tragic element.
我的意思是,这就是整个悲剧因素。
1:36:59 Plus, the meaning of the symphony that ends in this beautiful Ode to Joy, the symphony itself is a kind of…
另外,以这首优美的《欢乐颂》结尾的交响曲的意义在于,交响曲本身就是一种……
It starts with the chaos and conflict and ends with this celebration of peace and brotherly unity and a— I guess a call for that, a reaching for that, for that peace.
它以混乱和冲突开始,以对和平和兄弟团结的庆祝和结束——我想这是对这一点的呼吁,对这一点的追求,对和平的追求。
And it’s a…
这是一个……
and there’s a tragic element to it, again, connected to history, which is it was post Napoleonic Wars-
它有一个悲剧性的元素,再次与历史有关,那就是拿破仑战争之后的事情——
1:37:33 …
……
and before the American Civil War.
以及美国内战之前。
So like, you’re in this, in this middle…
就像,你在这个,在这个中间......
this respite from war, calling for peace, not knowing that truly horrific wars are coming.
这种从战争中得到喘息的机会,呼吁和平,却不知道真正可怕的战争即将到来。
So you have the American Civil War, and you have the, of course, the two World Wars coming.
所以你有美国内战,当然,还有即将到来的两次世界大战。
So this, all of it together, and the fact that he’s conducting deaf, and he wrote this whole thing deaf.
所以这一切加在一起,事实上他是聋子指挥,他是聋子写下这整件事。
I was reading a lot about his process, and he just edits and edits and edits and edits.
我读了很多关于他的过程的文章,他只是编辑、编辑、编辑、编辑。
So the fact that he had to edit in his head is just insane.
因此,他必须在头脑中进行编辑这一事实实在是太疯狂了。
I mean, it…
我的意思是,它……
1:38:07 Beethoven was sick all the time too.
贝多芬也一直生病。
I mean, a lot of people were sick all the time.
我的意思是,很多人一直都在生病。
It was very common.
这很常见。
What would motivate you to write music, this beautiful music that you can never actually hear except for in your head?
是什么促使你创作音乐,这种美妙的音乐除了在你的脑海中之外你永远无法真正听到?
1:38:25 Right?
正确的?
Like, why…
比如,为什么……
The amount of time it takes to write a 35-minute, 40-minute piece, all the parts, you got to hear all the orchestration in your head.
写一首35分钟、40分钟的曲子需要花多少时间,所有的部分,你必须在脑子里听到所有的配器。
You’re editing, you’re doing all these things.
你正在编辑,你正在做所有这些事情。
Where do you get the motivation when you can’t hear the actual finished work?
当你听不到实际完成的作品时,你从哪里获得动力?
One, and people would say, “Well, he hears in his head.” But what kind of enjoyment is it?
一,人们会说,“好吧,他在脑子里听到了。”但这是一种什么样的享受呢?
You wanna hear the orchestra…
你想听管弦乐队的演奏……
I mean, it’s really profound that he was inspired to do this.
我的意思是,他受到启发而这样做真的意义深远。
There’s a thing called the Heiligenstadt Testament that he wrote.
他写了一本叫做《海利根施塔特遗嘱》的东西。
It was a letter to his brothers from 1802.
这是 1802 年写给他兄弟的一封信。
I think they found it in his desk after Beethoven died, and he felt a sense of shame and humiliation because of his hearing loss.
我认为贝多芬去世后,他们在他的办公桌上发现了它,他因听力损失而感到羞耻和屈辱。
1:39:17 And he said that he was afflicted with this thing where him of all people, that someone standing next to him could hear a flute that he could not hear, or a shepherd singing in the field that…
他说他深受这件事的困扰,在所有人中,他身边有人能听到他听不到的笛子声,或者牧羊人在田野里唱歌……
And he could not hear this.
他听不到这个。
And of all the people, why him?
这么多人中,为什么是他?
Where hearing played such an important part.
听力在其中发挥着如此重要的作用。
Another person that would have had to have had perfect pitch, ’cause you could never do this- …
另一个人必须拥有完美的音调,因为你永远无法做到这一点——……
if you didn’t have perfect pitch, which I think all of these great composers, for the most part.
如果你没有完美的音调,我认为所有这些伟大的作曲家在很大程度上都是如此。
Brahms didn’t, from what I know, but all the rest of them, for sure, had perfect pitch.
据我所知,勃拉姆斯没有,但其他所有的人,毫无疑问,都有完美的音高。
So they could hear these things in their head, and that’s how they composed.
这样他们就可以在脑海中听到这些东西,这就是他们的创作方式。
I mean, you love sound and music.
我的意思是,你喜欢声音和音乐。
1:39:57 What do you think it was like gradually losing your hearing for Beethoven?
您认为逐渐失去贝多芬的听力是什么感觉?
It must have been terrible.
一定很可怕。
1:40:08 I mean, I just…
我的意思是,我只是……
Terrible.
太糟糕了。
I mean, I’ve heard things where he would have a stick in his mouth and put it on the soundboard of the piano, and you could feel the vibrations in his skull, and things like that.
我的意思是,我听说过他会把一根棍子放在嘴里,然后把它放在钢琴的音板上,你可以感觉到他头骨的振动,诸如此类的事情。
Yeah, desperately trying to-
是啊,拼命地想——
Yeah.
是的。
1:40:27 I just-
我只是——
But also, there’s, what is, what is that, that he’s able to write like one of the greatest symphonies ever, while deaf?
但还有,什么是,什么是他能够在聋子的情况下写出有史以来最伟大的交响曲之一?
1:40:30 So there’s something about that.
所以这是有道理的。
We mentioned darkness, but torment that he’s going through.
我们提到了黑暗,但也提到了他正在经历的折磨。
And ultimately, Ode to Joy.
最后是《欢乐颂》。
Like, not a cynical thing- …
就像,这不是一件愤世嫉俗的事情——……
but a call for the positive.
但呼吁积极的一面。
Yeah.
是的。
1:40:55 Yeah.
是的。
That’s, that’s…
那是,那是……
I’ve devoted many, many hours thinking about that.
我花了很多很多时间思考这个问题。
And plus, Napoleon broke his heart, because he was a supporter of Napoleon- …
而且,拿破仑伤透了他的心,因为他是拿破仑的支持者——……
1:41:04 because Napoleon was supposed to represent the French Revolution, this, this hopeful future of no more kings, no more monarchs, no more authoritarian regimes.
因为拿破仑应该代表法国大革命,这个充满希望的未来,不再有国王,不再有君主,不再有独裁政权。
And Napoleon ended up becoming, essentially, king.
拿破仑最终成为了实质上的国王。
Becoming an authoritarian.
成为独裁者。
And Beethoven sort of famously was critical of that.
贝多芬对此的批评是出了名的。
Nevertheless, I think maintained a fascination with Napoleon throughout his life.
尽管如此,我认为拿破仑一生都对他着迷。
But sort of a kind of more sophisticated, complex view of human nature and human civilization.
而是一种对人性和人类文明更复杂的看法。
So becoming more cynical.
于是变得更加愤世嫉俗。
Like, seeing more clearly that the world disappoints you, that dreams get shattered.
就像,更清楚地看到世界让你失望,梦想破灭。
And through that, is able to still do this call for the hopeful future.
通过这一点,我们仍然能够为充满希望的未来发出这一呼吁。
All right, so okay.
好吧,那就好吧。
So Beethoven, one of the greats, for sure.
贝多芬无疑是最伟大的人物之一。
1:42:01 Like basically everybody I know how to play the first movement of Moonlight Sonata, but I always avoided the third movement ’cause I was like, “I’ll never be good enough.” Never, never, but I need to-
就像基本上每个人一样,我知道如何演奏《月光奏鸣曲》的第一乐章,但我总是避免第三乐章,因为我想,“我永远都不够好。”从来不,从来不,但我需要——
Never say never, Lex.
永远不要说永远,莱克斯。
One of these days, maybe.
也许有一天。
1:42:15 You know what would be great?
你知道什么会很棒吗?
If Tom Waits writes me an email that says, “I only talk to people that can play-” “…
如果汤姆·威茨给我写了一封电子邮件,上面写着:“我只和会玩游戏的人交谈——”“……
the third movement.”
第三乐章。”
Play the third movement.
演奏第三乐章。
That’d be a dream come true.
那将是梦想成真。
1:42:24 I’d be like, “For this-“
我会说,“为此——”
That’s motivation.
这就是动力。
“That’s my dragon,” or whatever you do.
“那是我的龙”,或者无论你做什么。
1:42:29 You have to have a prince and rescue the princess.
你必须有一个王子并拯救公主。
My dragon is the third movement of Moonlight Sonata.
我的龙是月光奏鸣曲的第三乐章。
Okay.
好的。
You often highlight the importance of Bach.
您经常强调巴赫的重要性。
In fact, so many of your guests…
事实上,你的很多客人......
Every famous songwriter is influenced by Bach.
每一位著名的歌曲作家都受到巴赫的影响。
1:42:42 They are.
他们是。
The greatest composer of all time, the greatest musician of all time.
有史以来最伟大的作曲家,有史以来最伟大的音乐家。
Even Sting and Dominic Miller said they go to Bach even for, like, practice.
就连斯汀和多米尼克·米勒也表示,他们去听巴赫甚至是为了练习。
Every day.
每天。
1:42:54 People talk about how Bach was not known other than in the places he lived.
人们谈论巴赫除了在他居住的地方之外并不为人所知。
Eisenach, he was born in.
他出生于艾森纳赫。
Leipzig, he spent many years.
他在莱比锡度过了很多年。
But Bach was known to great musicians.
但巴赫为伟大的音乐家所熟知。
It was difficult to find manuscripts, but there was a premiere of the Saint Matthew Passion that Mendelssohn had done in 1829.
手稿很难找到,但门德尔松在 1829 年首演了《马太受难曲》。
It was on March 11th, I believe.
我记得那是 3 月 11 日。
He had a manuscript because his father and mother collected manuscripts.
他有一份手稿,因为他的父亲和母亲收集手稿。
1:43:30 And he got a manuscript of this piece, and he, I think he was 20 years old, and they had a performance of it in Berlin….
他得到了这部作品的手稿,他,我想他当时 20 岁,他们在柏林演出了它……。
and Beethoven, Mozart.
还有贝多芬、莫扎特。
They studied the Well-Tempered Clavier, the two books of the Well-Tempered Clavier.
他们研究了《平均律钢琴曲集》,即《平均律钢琴曲集》的两本书。
But Bach wrote profoundly beautiful music, and some of the most complex contrapuntal music that I don’t think anyone has ever done like that.
但巴赫创作了极其美妙的音乐,以及一些最复杂的对位音乐,我认为没有人曾经这样做过。
Extremely bright guy.
非常聪明的家伙。
Had 20 kids, only 10 survived till adulthood.
家里有20个孩子,只有10个能活到成年。
Lost both his parents when he was nine, within nine months of each other.
他九岁时就失去了双亲,相隔不到九个月。
Went to live with an older brother.
去和一个哥哥住在一起。
And extremely productive.
而且效率极高。
1:44:11 Also.
还。
I think from all the music teachers I’ve ever had, I understood the importance of studying Bach.
我想,从我遇到过的所有音乐老师那里,我明白了学习巴赫的重要性。
He didn’t write Master of Puppets, but he wrote some great powerful-
他没有写《傀儡师》,但他写了一些伟大的、强大的——
Well put.
说得好。
…
…
1:44:27 music.
音乐。
Well put.
说得好。
1:44:28 I tried to educate the aforementioned music teachers of the brilliance of Master of Puppets.
我试图向上述音乐老师介绍《木偶大师》的才华。
Sometimes a good riff is greater than any musical composition.
有时,好的即兴重复段比任何音乐作品都更重要。
So-
所以——
I agree.
我同意。
1:44:44 I go back and I play Master of Puppets every time I’m trying out a new amplifier.
每次我尝试新的放大器时,我都会回去玩《木偶大师》。
That’s my go-to.
这是我的首选。
That’s your go-to?
那是你的首选?
1:44:52 So, like, the stereotypical guitar store when you come in, you’re playing Master of Puppets?
那么,就像典型的吉他店一样,当你走进去时,你正在玩《木偶大师》?
I’ll play Master of Puppets.
我将扮演木偶大师。
1:45:01 I will play, I have to play some heavy riff- …
我会演奏,我必须演奏一些沉重的即兴演奏-...
and so usually it will default to some Metallica or something like that.
所以通常它会默认使用 Metallica 或类似的东西。
Or I’ll play Alice in Chains, or I do usually, like, a lot of times I’ll go and I’ll do Drop D something or play Tool.
或者我会玩爱丽丝锁链,或者我通常会,很多时候我会去做一些Drop D的事情或玩工具。
I usually would do some drop tuning thing.
我通常会做一些下降调整的事情。
And it’s always gotta be some type of metal that I’ll test to see if the bottom end’s tight on the amp and stuff.
而且它总是必须是某种类型的金属,我会测试它的底端是否紧贴在放大器和其他东西上。
So, yes.
所以,是的。
All right.
好的。
1:45:28 We have to talk about this a little bit.
我们必须谈谈这个。
You made a bunch of videos about it.
你制作了一堆关于它的视频。
There was a, there was a moment in time, it still goes on, but there was a moment where really people were freaking out about the use of AI in music.
曾经有一个时刻,它仍然在继续,但有一个时刻,人们真的对人工智能在音乐中的使用感到害怕。
So there’s these, I would say, incredible apps like Suno, Udio.
我想说的是,有一些令人难以置信的应用程序,例如 Suno、Udio。
ElevenLabs Music is also great.
ElevenLabs 的音乐也很棒。
They can generate basically text to song, full song from a text prompt.
他们可以根据文本提示生成基本上文本到歌曲、完整的歌曲。
And a lot of people started freaking out just based on how good it is.
很多人开始因为它有多好而感到害怕。
1:46:02 And so you start to immediately imagine how this is going to transform music, and you’re going to replace musicians and all that kind of stuff.
所以你开始立即想象这将如何改变音乐,你将取代音乐家和所有类似的东西。
It is legitimately nerve-wracking because these are early versions, so you don’t know where it goes.
这确实令人伤脑筋,因为这些都是早期版本,所以你不知道它去了哪里。
But in your intuition now, you’ve been thinking about this, you made a bunch of videos.
但现在在你的直觉中,你一直在思考这个,你制作了一堆视频。
Now, like, being able to reflect, “Okay, everybody chill.
现在,就像能够反思一样,“好吧,大家冷静一下。
Calm down.”
冷静点。”
So if you write a prompt in Suno and it spits out a song, which I’ve done, made a bunch of videos on this.
因此,如果你在 Suno 中写一个提示,它会输出一首歌,我已经这样做了,并制作了一堆关于此的视频。
1:46:23 I made up a fake artist, Eli Mercer, in this video.
我在这段视频中虚构了一个假艺术家,Eli Mercer。
Then I did a thing for CBS News; I made up this fake artist, Sadie Winters, and came up with this song, “Walking Away.” Well, the computer, the program came up with it.
然后我为哥伦比亚广播公司新闻做了一件事;我虚构了一个假艺术家萨迪·温特斯 (Sadie Winters),并创作了这首歌“走开”。好吧,计算机,程序想出了它。
There is some creativity in a process.
一个过程中有一些创造力。
1:46:42 So in this particular thing, the process is you generate an image.
因此,在这个特定的事情中,过程就是生成图像。
I did it in ChatGPT, the image.
我是在 ChatGPT 中完成的,如图。
The image?
图像?
Then I went to, then I went to Claude and I wrote the lyrics, ’cause Claude’s way better at lyrics- …
然后我去找克劳德,我写了歌词,因为克劳德更擅长歌词——……
1:46:50 than Suno is.
比苏诺还要多。
Suno’s bad at lyrics, at least right now.
Suno 的歌词很糟糕,至少现在是这样。
So I did, I created the lyrics in Claude and then I imported the lyrics into Suno, and I had great results with the songs that it came up with.
所以我就这样做了,我在 Claude 中创作了歌词,然后将歌词导入到 Suno 中,我对它提出的歌曲取得了很好的效果。
I always have to qualify that.
我总是必须证明这一点。
But then I started thinking about this.
但后来我开始思考这个问题。
People freak out about this, “Oh, this is bad, this is bad.” And then I thought, I was like, “No, who are going to be the ones that are gonna benefit from AI?” Well, the people that are already great songwriters, because you have to be able to recognize when it spits out something good versus when it spits out something that’s not that good.
人们对此感到害怕,“哦,这很糟糕,这很糟糕。”然后我想,“不,谁将从人工智能中受益?”好吧,那些已经是伟大的歌曲作者的人,因为你必须能够识别什么时候它会吐出一些好东西,什么时候它会吐出一些不太好的东西。
1:47:30 And every other song, I’ve probably created 130 song ideas, out of which there’s three good ones.
和其他歌曲一样,我可能创作了 130 个歌曲创意,其中有 3 个不错的。
And there’s a thing that’s happening where people’s ear very quickly is becoming attuned to AI slop.
正在发生的事情是,人们的耳朵很快就适应了人工智能的废话。
1:47:38 And that’s actually quite fascinating.
这实际上非常有趣。
Like, for example, one of the things, there’s this viral clip going around of an AI-based, like, a soul jazz remix of songs like 50 Cent’s “Many Men,” and I think it is super impressive.
例如,其中一件事是,有一个基于人工智能的病毒剪辑,比如 50 Cent 的“Many Men”等歌曲的灵魂爵士乐混音,我认为它非常令人印象深刻。
And there’s a different pipeline actually.
实际上有一条不同的管道。
It’s a tricky pipeline to how to pull that off, and I think a lot of the creativity in that, even that kind of remixing, is in the pipeline of how you actually do that, because there’s actually a lot of manual stuff in that pipeline.
如何实现这一点是一个棘手的流程,我认为其中的很多创造力,即使是那种混音,也存在于你实际如何做到这一点的流程中,因为该流程中实际上有很多手动的东西。
But I think ironically it’s very cool at first, but when you listen to it for a while you understand that this is AI slop.
但讽刺的是,我认为一开始这很酷,但当你听一段时间后你就会明白这是人工智能的废话。
1:48:28 For a soul remix, it actually lacks soul.
对于灵魂混音来说,它实际上缺乏灵魂。
But it made me think of, like, when I listen to soul or blues, I think I really want, in that case, to know…
但这让我想到,当我听灵魂乐或布鲁斯时,我想我真的想知道……
I don’t want an AI B.B.
我不想要 AI B.B.
King, I want the real B.B.
King,我想要真正的 B.B.
King.
国王。
And if I know if any AI is involved in the B.B.
如果我知道 B.B. 是否涉及任何人工智能。
King process, I’m tuning out.
国王进程,我要退出。
And I don’t think I’m being a curmudgeonly old dude in that.
我不认为我是一个脾气暴躁的老家伙。
I think we humans want authenticity.
我认为我们人类想要真实性。
So when AI, when I first started making these AI videos, it started back in 2023, I made my first one, and I would take my phone, come up in the kitchen, I’d play a song, and then my youngest, Layla, and I have three kids, and my oldest, Dylan, as soon as I played it, “Why are you listening to AI?” And it’s like, oh my God, instantly.
所以当人工智能,当我第一次开始制作这些人工智能视频时,它开始于 2023 年,我制作了我的第一个视频,我会拿着我的手机,来到厨房,我会播放一首歌,然后我最小的,莱拉,我有三个孩子,我最大的,迪伦,当我播放它时,“你为什么听人工智能?”就像,天啊,立刻。
1:49:04 It’s like, how do you know?
就像,你怎么知道?
Oh, it has this ringing sound in the thing.
哦,它有这种铃声。
So it took me probably about four or five days to figure out, “Okay, what are they hearing that I’m not hearing?” So I did it, I separated all the parts, and what they’re hearing was the artifacts that are in the vocal reverb.
所以我大概花了四五天的时间才弄清楚,“好吧,他们听到了什么我没有听到的事情?”所以我这么做了,我分离了所有部分,他们听到的是人声混响中的伪影。
That sound that were…
那个声音是……
That made incomplete-
这使得不完整-
1:49:51 It just couldn’t do the ambiances correctly, right?
它只是无法正确地营造氛围,对吧?
Because it’s trained on…
因为它受过训练...
A lot of these AI programs are trained on very low bit-rate MP3s, right?
许多人工智能程序都是在比特率非常低的 MP3 上进行训练的,对吗?
So, they feed all this stuff in there.
所以,他们把所有这些东西都喂在那里。
So, they’re getting really inferior information in the training process, whereas now when they make these deals with the major labels, they’ll get the multitracks, and they’ll get high-quality WAV files to train from, right?
所以,他们在训练过程中获得的信息非常差,而现在当他们与主要唱片公司进行这些交易时,他们将获得多轨,并且他们将获得高质量的 WAV 文件来训练,对吗?
And whoever opts in, they get the solo vocal tracks.
无论谁选择加入,他们都会获得独唱曲目。
You know, if Ed Sheeran wants to do it, or Drake, or whoever wants to give their voice to it, let it do its thing, and then get the royalties from it.
你知道,如果艾德·希兰(Ed Sheeran)想要这样做,或者德雷克(Drake)或者任何想要发表意见的人,就让它做它的事情,然后从中获得版税。
1:50:27 I’m not saying that any of them are doing it.
我并不是说他们中的任何人都在这样做。
I’m just giving an example.
我只是举个例子。
But every time that I would do it, I could be down the hall, and I would play something in my phone just to see if they’ll…
但每次我这样做时,我都会在大厅里,我会在手机上播放一些东西,看看他们是否会……
“Why are you listening to AI?” They can instantly tell.
“你为什么要听人工智能?”他们可以立即分辨出来。
Then it eventually started getting better.
然后它最终开始变得更好。
And then, it’d be like, “Is this AI?” I’d be in the car with Layla coming back from taekwondo practice, and she’s like, “Is this AI?
然后,就会问,“这是人工智能吗?”我和莱拉从跆拳道练习回来后坐在车里,她会说:“这是人工智能吗?
Why?
为什么?
Does it sound like AI?
听起来像人工智能吗?
Sounds like it could be AI.” And I’d be like, “Yeah, it’s AI.” She’s like, “Oh, it’s getting better.”
听起来这可能是人工智能。”我会说,“是的,这是人工智能。”她说:“哦,情况正在好转。”
1:50:59 And then I did this song for…
然后我做了这首歌是为了…
It was an NPR interview, and I created a song with a fake artist.
那是一次 NPR 采访,我和一位假艺术家一起创作了一首歌。
And the song was called “Neon Ghosts,” and I played it for Layla in the car.
这首歌叫做“霓虹灯幽灵”,我在车里为蕾拉播放了这首歌。
She’s like, “Can you separate the tracks?” I said, “Yeah, I have them separated back home.” “Okay, I want to go down to hear it.” So, we go down to the studio, and I play it for her, and she listens to the soloed vocal.
她说:“你能把轨道分开吗?”我说:“是啊,我已经把他们分开回家了。” “好吧,我想下去听听。”所以,我们去录音室,我为她演奏,她听独唱。
She said, “Wow, this is really realistic.” “This is very hard to tell, even with the soloed vocal.”
她说:“哇,这真的很现实。” “即使是独唱,这也很难说清楚。”
I think the room for creativity right now for humans is lyrics.
我认为现在人类的创造力空间就是歌词。
1:51:27 It seems like the lyrics that are being generated, they lack soul somehow.
似乎正在生成的歌词,不知何故缺乏灵魂。
And that’s- I don’t know the words correctly.
那就是——我不知道正确的单词。
I mean, they can be incredibly sophisticated, but there’s something, the edge is not there.
我的意思是,它们可能非常复杂,但有些东西,边缘并不存在。
Some kind of edge that we want in our lyrics.
我们希望歌词中有某种优势。
Some kind of surprise, but not cringe or not cliché.
某种惊喜,但不是畏缩或陈词滥调。
Or something truly novel in the lyrics.
或者歌词中真正新颖的东西。
But if that’s the case, it’s kind of sad that that’s where the creativity has to come from, but not from the music.
但如果是这样的话,那就有点可悲了,创造力必须来自于此,而不是来自音乐。
Because then if we can create very realistic music that sounds really damn good, where’s the role of the musician there?
因为如果我们能够创作出听起来非常好听的非常真实的音乐,那么音乐家的角色在哪里呢?
I think the role of the musician is that in actually…
我认为音乐家的角色实际上是……
1:52:21 If they use AI to assist them in coming up with ideas, they could as a creation tool.
如果他们使用人工智能来帮助他们提出想法,他们可以将其作为一种创造工具。
Then the musician…
然后音乐家...
Like, some of the stuff is just not high quality sonically.
比如,有些东西的声音质量并不高。
So, the musician goes in and redoes stuff and changes things and adds parts, and then they actually do music production, and maybe they re-sing the parts, and they change the stuff.
因此,音乐家会重做一些东西,改变一些东西并添加一些部分,然后他们实际上进行音乐制作,也许他们重新演唱这些部分,然后他们改变一些东西。
And then it’s just basically like an idea generator, and I think that that’s a great use of AI, is for that.
然后它基本上就像一个想法生成器,我认为这是人工智能的一个很好的用途,就是为了这个。
But see, if you do that, does it make you sad that you don’t necessarily need to learn instruments?
但是你看,如果你这样做了,你是否会因为不一定需要学习乐器而感到难过?
1:52:54 So, basically, you can…
所以,基本上,你可以……
I mean, you can think of it as a different kind of instrument, but you can write lyrics.
我的意思是,你可以将其视为一种不同类型的乐器,但你可以写歌词。
You can hum the melody.
你可以哼着旋律。
You can just hum parts.
你可以只哼一些部分。
You know?
你知道?
And then do an A/B kind of thing.
然后做 A/B 类的事情。
Just kind of rhythm this kind of, and stitch them together.
只是这样的节奏,然后将它们缝合在一起。
And never actually have your fingers on a guitar or fingers on a drumstick.
并且永远不要真正将手指放在吉他上或手指放在鼓槌上。
That’s why I’m not gonna use AI, Lex, is for that reason, because to me, it’s just boring.
这就是为什么我不会使用人工智能,Lex,就是因为这个原因,因为对我来说,它很无聊。
1:53:25 And I-
而我——
Yeah, it is.
是的,确实如此。
…
……
1:53:33 when I use it, it’s just like, “Eh.” But I used it for about a month or so, just because I was making videos.
当我使用它时,就像“呃”。但我用了大约一个月左右,只是因为我在制作视频。
And I was trying to see how it’s advancing.
我试图了解它的进展情况。
Every three or four months, I’ll sit down, and I’ll see whatever new versions they have.
每隔三四个月,我就会坐下来看看他们有什么新版本。
And I’ll write some songs.
我会写一些歌。
I’ll prompt some songs and see what they come up with and see if they’re improving on the things.
我会提示一些歌曲,看看他们想出了什么,看看他们是否在改进。
But ultimately, I don’t find it interesting to use.
但最终,我觉得它用起来并不有趣。
I hear you.
我听到了。
1:53:58 You’re a bit old school.
你有点老派了。
I’m old school.
我是老派。
As am I.
我也是。
1:54:02 I’m trying to think about the future, and I think it’s still, even in the future, also going to be boring.
我正在尝试思考未来,我认为即使在未来,它仍然会很无聊。
I think there’s something-
我认为有一些东西——
I agree.
我同意。
…
……
1:54:10 fundamentally boring about it, and I’ve been trying to figure it out.
从根本上来说这很无聊,我一直在试图弄清楚它。
For example, I use it a lot for—more and more and more for programming.
例如,我经常使用它来编程。
So, for building stuff.
所以,对于建造东西。
And there, it’s not about the…
在那里,这不是关于……
The final output is not the code.
最终的输出不是代码。
The output is what the code creates.
输出是代码创建的内容。
And there, it’s extremely useful.
在那里,它非常有用。
It doesn’t matter if it’s boring or not, it’s useful.
无聊与否并不重要,重要的是有用。
But when the final output is the thing that AI creates, which it would be in music, then there’s something about us that just, like…
但是,当最终的输出是人工智能创造的东西时,比如音乐,那么我们身上就会有一些东西,比如……
We know.
我们知道。
There is something boring about it.
这里面有一些无聊的东西。
1:54:46 We want to celebrate and see the thing that’s hard to create.
我们想要庆祝并看到那些难以创造的东西。
And if AI can just text a song, “Generate a top 10 hit,” we’ll quickly lose value for that, I think.
我认为,如果人工智能只能发送一首歌曲“生成前十名热门歌曲”的短信,我们很快就会失去它的价值。
And so, we’ll want raw.
所以,我们想要生的。
Whatever shape that raw takes, I want to say raw talent, but that raw talent of any kind.
无论原始天赋采取什么形式,我想说的是原始天赋,但任何种类的原始天赋。
And perhaps…
也许……
It would make me a little bit sad, but that’s also awesome.
这会让我有点难过,但这也很棒。
Perhaps the new kind of raw talent that civilization is asking for is how to make great TikToks.
也许文明所需要的新的原始人才是如何制作出色的 TikTok。
Maybe that’s what raw talent looks like.
也许这就是原始人才的样子。
It makes me a little bit sad because I’m a huge fan of long-form.
这让我有点难过,因为我是长篇的忠实粉丝。
But that also…
但这也……
Creating TikToks is also talent.
创建 TikTok 也是一种天赋。
It is a talent.
这是一种天赋。
1:55:38 Absolutely.
绝对地。
When I see anything that’s AI generated, I instantly recognize it.
当我看到人工智能生成的任何东西时,我会立即认出它。
Any video, I’m like, “Ugh, boring, boring, boring.” And my kids do the same thing.
任何视频,我都会说,“呃,无聊,无聊,无聊。”我的孩子们也做同样的事情。
They just have no interest in engaging with it.
他们只是没有兴趣参与其中。
As soon as they recognize it, and they can spot it a mile away— …and they’re just like, “Boring, boring, boring, boring, boring.” And then they don’t even wanna engage with the social media platforms, which is a danger.
一旦他们认出它,他们就能在一英里外发现它——……他们就像,“无聊,无聊,无聊,无聊,无聊。”然后他们甚至不想参与社交媒体平台,这是一个危险。
Which I think they need to crack down on the AI slop.
我认为他们需要打击人工智能的滥用。
YouTube’s done a pretty good job on it, but it’s hard to stay on this.
YouTube 在这方面做得很好,但要坚持下去很难。
It gets flooded with so much of this stuff, it’s so easy to create and put up there.
它充斥着如此多的东西,很容易创建和放置在那里。
And to just be in the whack-a-mole thing where you’re just trying to get rid of it all is a—
如果你只是想摆脱这一切,那就是——
Yeah, it’s fundamentally boring.
是的,这基本上很无聊。
1:56:27 I think boring is a really good—
我认为无聊真的很好——
Yes, boring.
是的,无聊。
And it’s annoying to have to flip through the AI slop.
而且必须翻阅人工智能的内容也很烦人。
1:56:32 But I think actually, as a civilization, it’s just inspiring for authenticity ’cause you wanna be real.
但我认为实际上,作为一个文明,它只是激发真实性,因为你想要真实。
And being raw, which, one of the things I like about podcasts is people just shooting shit and just being themselves in the long form versus overproduced.
而且是原始的,我喜欢播客的原因之一是人们只是拍摄狗屎,只是以长篇形式展现自己,而不是过度制作。
‘Cause I think AI is making people realize that AI is good at being overproduced.
因为我认为人工智能让人们意识到人工智能擅长过度生产。
So there’ll be more.
所以还会有更多。
Let’s get that covered.
让我们来了解一下。
Yeah.
是的。
1:57:02 Even artists, ’cause you’re saying like, yeah, they’ll use it as tools.
即使是艺术家,因为你会说,是的,他们会把它用作工具。
Part of me thinks like not really.
我的一部分认为并非如此。
Like, I think they’ll quickly, this kind of process of generating a bunch of different options and choosing the one you like the most, I think is a really frustrating process for artists.
就像,我认为他们很快就会产生一堆不同的选择并选择你最喜欢的一个,我认为这对艺术家来说是一个非常令人沮丧的过程。
And I think it, I think AI will definitely be used extremely effectively as a very fine-grained tool in the image domain, editing images.
我认为,我认为人工智能肯定会被非常有效地用作图像领域的一种非常细粒度的工具,即编辑图像。
But not like macro editing, but very specific kinda editing that Photoshop is increasingly integrated in.
但与宏编辑不同,而是 Photoshop 越来越多地集成的非常具体的编辑。
I’ll mention to you offline, so the whole iZotope RX group of software that does a lot of the denoising, D- All the D, removing the wind, all the—they integrate machine learning extremely effectively—
我会离线向你提到,所以整个 iZotope RX 组软件做了很多去噪,D-所有 D,去除风,所有这些——它们非常有效地集成了机器学习——
1:58:00 …
……
for working with audio in different kinds of ways.
以不同的方式处理音频。
There’s a bunch of different other programs that do that.
还有许多其他不同的程序可以做到这一点。
Maybe for like B-roll footage and a, same thing on the audio, if you just need a little audio to create a feeling of a scene, the AI might be used there in that kinda way.
也许对于 B-roll 镜头和音频同样的事情,如果你只需要一点音频来创造场景的感觉,人工智能可能会以这种方式使用。
But truly original stuff, eh.
但真正原创的东西,嗯。
I’ve saved videos where I’m doing, speaking over music, for example, in an interview.
我保存了我正在做的视频,比如在采访中一边听音乐一边说话的视频。
1:58:20 Somebody’s playing and we have two people speaking in lavs, but there’s so much bleed coming from the person playing- …
有人在演奏,我们有两个人用拉拉斯说话,但演奏的人流了很多血——……
that you can’t hear what we’re saying.
你听不到我们在说什么。
And then we’ll split out the voice for that section, the two voices, separate them- …
然后我们将分离该部分的声音,两个声音,将它们分开-...
and then take the music and separate that stuff in.
然后把音乐和这些东西分开。
So it’s really helpful for things like that.
所以这对于类似的事情确实很有帮助。
And now, once again, a quick 30-second thank you to our sponsors.
现在,再次用 30 秒的时间快速感谢我们的赞助商。
1:58:46 Check them out in the description.
在描述中查看它们。
It really is the best way to support this podcast.
这确实是支持这个播客的最佳方式。
Go to lexfridman.com/sponsors.
请访问 lexfridman.com/sponsors。
We got Uplift Desk for my favorite office desks, BetterHelp for mental health, LMNT for electrolytes, Fin for customer service AI agents, Shopify for selling stuff online, and Perplexity for curiosity-driven knowledge exploration.
我们为我最喜欢的办公桌提供了 Uplift Desk,为心理健康提供了 BetterHelp,为电解质提供了 LMNT,为客户服务人工智能代理提供了 Fin,为在线销售产品提供了 Shopify,为好奇心驱动的知识探索提供了 Perplexity。
Choose wisely, my friends.
明智地选择,我的朋友们。
And now, back to my conversation with Rick Beato.
现在,回到我与里克·贝托的谈话。
So you have this video breaking down Sabrina Carpenter’s song Manchild.
所以你有这个视频分解了萨布丽娜·卡彭特的歌曲《Manchild》。
And you use that as an example of building up people’s intuition about the music business and how the music production for these popular songs is being done these days.
你用这个例子来建立人们对音乐行业的直觉,以及这些流行歌曲的音乐制作现在是如何完成的。
1:59:38 Who’s doing the songwriting, how’s it being done, and all that kind of stuff?
谁在创作歌曲,是如何完成的,以及诸如此类的事情?
I, I was wondering if you could speak to that.
我,我想知道你是否可以谈谈这一点。
In that particular song, Jack Antonoff, who is one of the writers, Amy Allen, Sabrina Carpenter, said in some awards thing that there’s an old guy on YouTube that says that Sabrina had very little to do with the song.
在这首歌曲中,杰克·安东诺夫(Jack Antonoff)(他是其中一位作家)、艾米·艾伦(Amy Allen)、萨布丽娜·卡彭特(Sabrina Carpenter)在一些颁奖典礼上表示,YouTube 上有一个老家伙说萨布丽娜与这首歌没有什么关系。
1:59:45 And so he said in this clip-
所以他在这段视频中说——
You being the old guy.
你就是老家伙了。
Me being the old guy.
我就是那个老家伙。
2:00:01 That, well, Sabrina really was the—she’s amazing and she’s the one that wrote everything in the song.
好吧,萨布丽娜确实是——她太棒了,她是这首歌中所有内容的创作者。
It’s like, so my response is like, “Well, why are you guys even included on the songwriting then?”
就像,所以我的回答是,“那么,为什么你们还要参与歌曲创作呢?”
So one of the things you highlight is a lot of people are included on the list of songwriters.
所以你强调的一件事是很多人都被列入歌曲作者名单中。
Yeah, 10 people- …
是的,10个人——……
2:00:21 11 people.
11 人。
I mean, you know.
我的意思是,你知道。
Like, why does Song of the Year have songs that are interpolations, meaning that they have melodies from other songs in their interpolation?
比如,为什么年度歌曲中有插曲的歌曲,这意味着它们的插值中有其他歌曲的旋律?
They used to call it stealing.
他们过去称之为偷窃。
And then you have songs that use samples for the whole thing, like the Doechii song that’s out right now.
然后还有一些歌曲,整个过程都使用了样本,比如现在发行的 Doechii 歌曲。
And I said, “Look, she took a Gotye song and basically took off his melody and she created her own melody over it.” It’s like, well, it’s—I mean, it saves time for her.
我说,“看,她拿了一首 Gotye 的歌,基本上去掉了他的旋律,然后她在上面创作了自己的旋律。”就像,嗯,这——我的意思是,这为她节省了时间。
You don’t have to actually create a track; you just can sing over someone else’s song that was already successful.
您不必实际创建曲目;只需创建曲目即可。你可以唱别人已经成功的歌曲。
Yeah, you pointing that out, the song Anxiety—it broke my brain.
是的,你指出了这一点,《焦虑》这首歌打破了我的大脑。
I mean, it’s so absurd.
我的意思是,这太荒谬了。
It, yeah, it just feels unfair.
是的,这只是感觉不公平。
2:01:05 It feels—it’s a good song, but it was also a good song before, and before that, it was also a good song.
感觉——是一首好歌,而且以前也是一首好歌,在那之前也是一首好歌。
Right, 2011, or Luiz Bonfá in 1967.
右,2011 年,或 Luiz Bonfá,1967 年。
2:01:14 So why is that considered to be in the top songs of the year?
那么为什么这首歌被认为是年度最佳歌曲呢?
It’s like, come on, you can’t find another song that’s not based on that?
就像,来吧,你找不到另一首不是以此为基础的歌曲吗?
That’s ridiculous.
这太荒谬了。
And Doechii has some really good songs- …
Doechii 有一些非常好的歌曲 - ...
on her record.
在她的记录上。
Yeah, but why are these the ones that are coming to the top, right?
是的,但是为什么这些人会登上顶峰,对吗?
Well, you know.
嗯,你知道。
This is interesting.
这很有趣。
2:01:39 Hey, that might be just a criticism of the machinery of the business-
嘿,这可能只是对企业机制的批评——
Absolutely.
绝对的。
…
……
2:01:44 that drives them.
这驱使着他们。
It’s not necessarily, like, a lot of these folks are really good musicians.
这些人中的很多人不一定都是真正优秀的音乐家。
First of all, I think a lot of them are also good, like the actual songs they make at the top are good.
首先,我认为他们中的很多人也都很好,比如他们在顶部制作的实际歌曲都很好。
I’m a big fan of Bruno Mars.
我是布鲁诺·马尔斯的忠实粉丝。
He’s a great songwriter and is a great musician all around.
他是一位伟大的词曲作者,也是一位伟大的音乐家。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
You know, he is Michael Jackson reincarnated.
要知道,他是迈克尔·杰克逊转世。
2:02:05 I mean, he’s-
我的意思是,他是——
Super, super talented guy.
超级超级有才华的人。
Incredible, right?
难以置信,对吧?
2:02:09 You mentioned Billie Eilish and her brother write a lot of the songs.
你提到 Billie Eilish 和她的兄弟写了很多歌曲。
So good.
超好的。
2:02:14 Yeah, super talented.
是啊,超级有才华。
I mean, Taylor Swift is unlike anything.
我的意思是,泰勒·斯威夫特与众不同。
2:02:17 I mean, that’s a historic figure in music, but she’s a fundamentally, at least originally, a singer-songwriter.
我的意思是,这是音乐界的历史人物,但从根本上来说,她是一位歌手兼作曲家,至少最初是这样。
So that’s a, I mean, I’m sorry, but that is a, like, of the kind of music that Rick Beato gives props to.
所以,我的意思是,我很抱歉,但这就是 Rick Beato 所支持的那种音乐。
She’s the—she carries the flame forward.
她是——她将火焰传递下去。
She works on her own songs, absolutely, and she, but she never has more than two co-writers on things.
她绝对会创作自己的歌曲,但她从来没有超过两个共同创作者。
Wanna take a quick bathroom break?
想快速上个厕所休息一下吗?
2:02:47 Okay.
好的。
I have to ask you about this complexity that you’re facing on a basically daily basis.
我必须问你关于你每天都面临的这种复杂性的问题。
I think it’s a challenge a lot of YouTube folks experience, but you’re just so viscerally experiencing it because a lot of what you do on your channel is celebrate music, broadly.
我认为这是一个很多 YouTube 用户都经历过的挑战,但你只是发自内心地经历它,因为你在频道上所做的很多事情都是广泛地庆祝音乐。
And so, as part of that process, you have to sometimes show clips of music, and I think all of that falls under fair use, quite obviously.
因此,作为这个过程的一部分,你有时必须展示音乐片段,我认为所有这些都属于合理使用,很明显。
And so you get all these YouTube copyright claims, and for folks who don’t know, if you get three of those, each one of those can be a strike on the channel and could take down your channel.
因此,您会收到所有这些 YouTube 版权声明,对于那些不知道的人来说,如果您收到其中三项,则每一项都可能对该频道造成攻击,并可能会关闭您的频道。
And you get some insane amount.
你会得到一些疯狂的金额。
You said you got, like—I think I had a similar thing on my Rick Rubin episode—like, I think you said 13.
你说你有,就像——我想我在《瑞克·鲁宾》剧集中也有类似的事情——比如,我想你说的是 13。
2:03:39 13.
13.
So, what, can you just speak to this whole thing?
那么,什么,你能谈谈整个事情吗?
You’ve been in a constant battle, WMG, UMG, all the, all, all-
你一直在不断地战斗,WMG,UMG,所有,所有,所有——
All the, all the three-letter name-
所有的,所有的三个字母的名字——
All the s-
所有的s-
…
……
2:03:50 record labels, right?
唱片公司,对吗?
The music business people, so, what’s the story there?
音乐界人士,那么,这里面到底有什么故事呢?
Well, this has been going on since the beginning of my channel, and I’ve made videos periodically.
嗯,从我的频道开始以来,这种情况就一直在发生,我定期制作视频。
2:03:54 When I first started, it was just instant blocks.
当我刚开始时,这只是即时块。
So you never knew back in—I started, it’ll be 10 years in June.
所以你永远不会知道——我开始的时候,六月就已经是 10 周年了。
So, when I’d play music in a video, YouTubers were not playing music in videos because they didn’t, because of the Content ID things and the take-downs and stuff.
所以,当我在视频中播放音乐时,YouTuber 并没有在视频中播放音乐,因为他们没有这样做,因为 Content ID 的问题以及删除之类的事情。
So, I would play music, and I’d just see what happens, and then you get a Content ID claim, or you realize the people were, quote-unquote, “blockers,” and I came up with that term that they would block your video, take down your video.
所以,我会播放音乐,然后看看会发生什么,然后你会收到 Content ID 声明,或者你意识到这些人是“拦截者”,我想出了这个词,他们会拦截你的视频,删除你的视频。
2:04:31 And I realized at first it was, like, anything Guns N’ Roses, which is still the case, Guns N’ Roses, AC/DC, I mean, many bands, Fleetwood Mac, Led Zeppelin, and then, and then something happened.
我一开始意识到,就像任何枪炮玫瑰乐队一样,现在仍然如此,枪炮玫瑰乐队、AC/DC,我的意思是,很多乐队,弗利特伍德麦克乐队、齐柏林飞艇乐队,然后,然后发生了一些事情。
There was a guy on the skateboard on TikTok that had the Ocean Spray thing and he was listening to- …
TikTok 上的滑板上有一个人有 Ocean Spray 的东西,他正在听——……
Dreams by Fleetwood Mac.
弗利特伍德麦克的《梦想》。
And that blew up and became a number one song again.
这首歌一炮而红,再次成为冠军歌曲。
And the labels then realized—I mean, I’d made many videos about why this is wrong, and it should be fair use and everything.
然后唱片公司意识到——我的意思是,我制作了很多视频来解释为什么这是错误的,而且它应该是合理使用和一切。
Well, because of that, the labels were like, “Ooh, maybe we should rethink this.” And then they just started demonetizing videos.
好吧,正因为如此,标签就像是,“哦,也许我们应该重新考虑这个。”然后他们就开始取消视频的货币化。
Demonetized means they get all the money that you make.
非货币化意味着他们得到了你赚的所有钱。
They get all the money.
他们得到了所有的钱。
2:05:17 In a one-hour video, if they, if you use 20 seconds of a clip- …
在一个一小时的视频中,如果他们,如果你使用 20 秒的剪辑——……
they get all the money.
他们得到了所有的钱。
Okay?
好的?
So, I hired a lawyer finally after the Rick Rubin video, ’cause I thought it was ridiculous.
所以,在瑞克·鲁宾的视频发布后,我最终聘请了一位律师,因为我认为这很荒谬。
I go over to Tuscany, I interview Rick at his house, and I hired a lawyer to fight this, who I’m gonna have on my channel.
我去了托斯卡纳,在里克的家里采访了他,我聘请了一位律师来对抗这件事,我的频道上也会有他。
I don’t wanna say who it is, but he’s another YouTuber.
我不想透露他是谁,但他是另一位 YouTuber。
And he had approached me a couple years ago, and it’s not cheap to do.
几年前他就联系过我,而且这件事并不便宜。
Oh, you’re gonna do, like, a public interview with him?
哦,你要对他进行一次公开采访吗?
I’m gonna do an interview- …
我要去接受采访——...
2:05:55 with him, yes.
和他在一起,是的。
Awesome.
惊人的。
2:05:57 Okay.
好的。
I talked to him today about it, actually.
事实上,我今天和他谈过这件事。
I can’t wait.
我等不及了。
2:05:58 That’d be great.
那太好了。
So he said, “You should fight these ’cause every single one of them is fair use.” And he went through my entire catalog.
所以他说,“你应该与这些行为作斗争,因为它们中的每一个都是合理使用的。”他浏览了我的整个目录。
2:06:00 I have 2,100 videos, and he’s fought 4,000 Content ID claims and won every single one of them.
我有 2,100 个视频,而他对抗了 4,000 个 Content ID 版权主张,并赢得了每一个视频。
4,000.
4,000。
That’s a lot—I mean, when I do top 20 guitar solos, there’s 20 Content ID claims, you know?
这很多了 - 我的意思是,当我演奏前 20 首吉他独奏时,有 20 个 Content ID 声明,你知道吗?
It’s, and it’s either, it can be either from the sound recording, if I used that, or if I just play it, it can be from the publisher.
是的,或者是,它可以来自录音,如果我使用它,或者如果我只是播放它,它可以来自出版商。
That’s amazing.
太棒了。
2:06:36 So is there, I mean, that’s still, he’s still a lawyer, still work.
那么,我的意思是,他仍然是一名律师,仍然在工作。
Does that, is there a hopeful thing you can say about the future of-
那么,对于未来你能说一些充满希望的话吗——
Yeah, fight these Content ID claims.
是的,反对这些 Content ID 声明。
2:06:49 If it’s fair use, if you’re not just playing the song and listening to it, and, ’cause a lot of stuff that are reaction videos, or whatever, that are not, where they play the whole song, I mean, I’m using these things, and I’m talking, lot of the times it’s in interviews, or it’s in, I’m breaking down a solo, and there’s a-
如果这是合理使用,如果你不只是播放歌曲和听它,而且,因为很多东西都是反应视频,或者其他什么,它们不是播放整首歌的,我的意思是,我正在使用这些东西,而且我说,很多时候是在采访中,或者是在,我正在分解独奏,并且有一个-
Yeah.
是的。
2:07:08 See, that’s an-
看,那是一个——
…
……
2:07:09 you know
你知道
…
……
obvious one, but even reaction videos, right?
显而易见,甚至还有反应视频,对吧?
Where those-
那些-
Yeah.
是的。
2:07:12 Even reaction videos, yes, absolutely.
甚至反应视频,是的,绝对如此。
Those are more borderline.
这些都比较边缘化。
2:07:14 But I don’t know.
但我不知道。
I love those videos.
我喜欢那些视频。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
Like, when a person’s just sitting there and listening to it, and they’re like, you know, like a voice teacher is listening to a vocal performance, and like-
就像,当一个人坐在那里听它时,他们就像,你知道,就像声乐老师正在听声乐表演,就像-
Yeah, but those are breakdowns.
是的,但这些都是故障。
Yeah, those are breakdowns, yeah.
是的,这些都是故障,是的。
I think that the Content ID stuff that was happening with these major labels, they would hire third parties- …
我认为这些主要品牌正在发生 Content ID 的事情,他们会雇佣第三方——……
2:07:32 that would go out, use AI, and go and anytime they detect anything, they always go to the biggest channels first to get the most views.
他们会出去,使用人工智能,每当他们检测到任何东西时,他们总是首先进入最大的渠道以获得最多的观看次数。
Makes sense and stuff.
有道理。
And they would claim everything that they could, and historically, YouTubers never would fight back.
他们会索取一切可以索取的东西,而从历史上看,YouTube 用户永远不会反击。
They were like, “Oh, this is easy money.” YouTubers never fight back at these things, because they’re afraid to have their channels taken down.
他们说:“哦,这钱来得太容易了。” YouTube 用户从不反击这些事情,因为他们害怕自己的频道被删除。
So-
所以——
Right, you gotta say, “Hold my beer.”
是的,你必须说,“拿着我的啤酒。”
There you go.
就这样吧。
So, I mean, it’s important.
所以,我的意思是,这很重要。
2:08:06 So, you-
所以,你——
I mean, it took me years though, Lex.
我的意思是,莱克斯,我花了好几年的时间。
2:08:07 I didn’t…
我没有……
I’ve been doing this…
我一直在这样做……
So, I’ve been doing it for one year now, and I’m nine years—almost 10 years into my channel.
所以,我已经这样做一年了,进入我的频道已经九年了,几乎十年了。
So, it took me that long.
所以,我花了那么长时间。
I mean, hopefully, there’s a ripple effect also.
我的意思是,希望也能产生连锁反应。
2:08:17 It’s not just your situation.
这不仅仅是你的情况。
Hopefully, you don’t have to deal with this for much longer.
希望您不必再长时间处理这个问题。
How has Spotify changed music?
Spotify 如何改变了音乐?
Sometimes we highlight the fact that they changed the nature of music and that the scarcity is not there.
有时我们会强调这样一个事实:他们改变了音乐的本质,而且稀缺性并不存在。
But also, a lot of it’s like every kind of music is available and so fast and it’s so easy.
而且,很多事情就像各种音乐都可用,而且速度如此之快,而且如此简单。
It’s easy to explore.
探索起来很容易。
It’s a commodity.
这是一种商品。
2:08:43 It’s like turning on a water faucet.
这就像打开水龙头一样。
Do you think-
你认为——
Once you get going-
一旦你开始——
…
……
2:08:48 that there’s some good to…
有一些好处...
I mean, there’s a lot of good to that, right?
我的意思是,这有很多好处,对吧?
Well, have you…
嗯,你有没有……
Did you go through that whole process?
你经历了整个过程吗?
I still remember where I had to basically throw away the albums.
我仍然记得我不得不基本上扔掉专辑的地方。
I never did that.
我从来没有这样做过。
2:09:00 When?
什么时候?
After you uploaded them into your computer?
将它们上传到计算机后?
Yeah.
是的。
2:09:06 So, there’s that two-step process.
所以,有两个步骤的过程。
One, there’s like the hard albums, CDs for me.
第一,对于我来说,有硬专辑、CD。
CDs, yep.
CD,是的。
And then, and then you upload them into your computer.
然后,然后将它们上传到您的计算机中。
2:09:14 And you save them.
然后你拯救他们。
And then how do you put it?
那你怎么说呢?
Allegedly, a friend of yours pirates some extra songs.
据称,您的一个朋友盗版了一些额外的歌曲。
And puts them on the computer.
并将它们放在计算机上。
So, you have…
所以,你有……
but you have your stash on the computer.
但你的电脑上有你的藏品。
You’re like, “This is my finely selected stash of greatness.” Uh, sometimes organized by album, sometimes not.
你会说,“这是我精心挑选的伟大藏品。”呃,有时按专辑组织,有时不是。
And the big moment for me that was really difficult to do, really difficult to do, is throw away that stash and switch to Spotify.
对我来说,最重要的时刻真的很难做到,真的很难做到,那就是扔掉那些藏品并转向 Spotify。
2:09:52 Switch to streaming, and basically, rebuild the stash of playlists and all this kind of stuff.
切换到流媒体,基本上,重建播放列表和所有此类内容的存储。
And that, it was heartbreaking ’cause so much love and effort went into that.
这令人心碎,因为投入了太多的爱和努力。
Both the CD, the stashing of the CD, and the stashing of the MP3s in the computer.
计算机中的 CD、CD 的隐藏以及 MP3 的隐藏。
And then in Spotify, it just seems just effortless.
而在 Spotify 中,这一切似乎毫不费力。
But it helped me discover all kinds of artists I never would have discovered otherwise.
但它帮助我发现了各种各样的艺术家,否则我永远不会发现这些艺术家。
And Pandora, I used a lot.
还有潘多拉,我用过很多。
Pandora is more prioritizing on the discovery part versus organization part.
与组织部分相比,潘多拉更注重发现部分。
And that was really wonderful.
那真是太棒了。
So, one of the things I…
所以,其中一件事我……
2:10:30 I’ll start with a positive that I like about Spotify, is that they show view count, they show play counts.
我将从我喜欢 Spotify 的优点开始,那就是它们显示观看次数、播放次数。
Whether they’re real or not, that’s another question.
无论它们是真是假,那是另一个问题。
But they show how many plays songs have, and that’s how the charts are based.
但它们显示了歌曲的播放次数,这就是排行榜的基础。
Does that give you signal that something is listened to a billion times?
这是否表明某些内容已被听了十亿次?
2:10:45 Does that mean something to you?
这对你来说意味着什么吗?
Yeah.
是的。
2:10:50 It means that it’s a popular song.
这意味着这是一首流行歌曲。
Well, that’s a massive hit.
嗯,这是一个巨大的打击。
There’s very few songs that have a billion plays.
播放次数达到 10 亿次的歌曲很少。
Now, the downside of Spotify is the way that they pay their artists.
现在,Spotify 的缺点是他们向艺术家支付费用的方式。
Now they’ve lumped in podcasts that are getting a cut of this streaming with the music.
现在,他们将播客集中到了这些播客中,这些播客与音乐一起从这种流媒体中获得了一部分。
And you know, the search and discovery.
你知道,搜索和发现。
I mean, there’s benefits of algorithms and there’s negative things of algorithms.
我的意思是,算法有好处,也有坏处。
Algorithms happen to many times pigeonhole people into listening to the same genre of music all the time, and not expanding their discovery of new music.
很多时候,算法会将人们归类为一直听同一类型的音乐,而不是扩大他们对新音乐的发现。
Where you might hear on the radio back in the day where program directors would play things that they liked, right?
以前你可能会在广播中听到节目导演会播放他们喜欢的东西,对吗?
2:11:44 And you might hear something, “Oh, what is that?” “Oh, that’s a new Soundgarden record,” or you know, like, “Whoa, I like that.
你可能会听到一些声音,“哦,那是什么?” “哦,这是 Soundgarden 的新唱片,”或者你知道,比如,“哇,我喜欢那个。
I’m gonna go check that out.” You know, something you might not have heard or something odd.
我要去看看那个。”你知道,有些东西你可能没有听说过或者有些奇怪的东西。
Like, one thing I really love doing on Spotify is you can…
就像,我真正喜欢在 Spotify 上做的一件事就是你可以……
2:11:55 you can have radio.
你可以有收音机。
Meaning, like, you have a few…
意思是,就像,你有一些……
It’s similar to Pandora, like you can…
它类似于潘多拉,就像你可以......
Okay, this is gonna reveal a little too much about myself.
好吧,这会透露太多关于我自己的事情。
But usually when I go work out, I’ll listen to something like Rage Against the Machine radio.
但通常当我去锻炼时,我会听一些类似《Rage Against the Machine》的广播。
I’m sorry, I need-
抱歉,我需要——
What else would you listen to?
你还想听什么?
I need motivation.
我需要动力。
2:12:18 Classical music?
古典音乐?
I don’t know.
我不知道。
But yeah, it’s pretty good ’cause it recommends a bunch of other stuff I wouldn’t even know.
但是,是的,它非常好,因为它推荐了很多我什至不知道的其他东西。
Some of it I know, obviously, but akin to the, similar to the Rage Against the Machine-y type thing.
显然,其中一些我知道,但类似于“对机器的愤怒”类型的东西。
2:12:34 It recommends a bunch of artists, and it’s like, “Oh, holy shit, that’s awesome.” So, I don’t know.
它推荐了一群艺术家,就像是,“哦,天哪,太棒了。”所以,我不知道。
That discovery works really well.
这个发现确实有效。
So, some of it is the technology thing.
所以,其中一些是技术问题。
But that experience was fundamentally more vibrant than I had previously with my stash.
但这种经历从根本上来说比我以前的藏品更有活力。
That I would just keep a stash, and I would listen to the same record over and over and over and over.
我只会保留一个藏品,然后我会一遍又一遍地听同一张唱片。
But yeah, what’s lost is the, I’m sure you love this, but listening through the Led Zeppelin records, just driving in a car and listening to the whole thing all the way through.
但是,是的,失去的是,我相信你喜欢这个,但是听齐柏林飞船的唱片,只是开车,从头到尾听整个事情。
Yeah, that’s lost.
是啊,那是丢了。
So, I have my old iTunes libraries from 2005- …
所以,我有 2005 年的旧 iTunes 库 - ...
2:13:10 that I’ve saved.
我已经保存了。
The CDs that I uploaded into my computer.
我上传到计算机中的 CD。
Anytime I do the, I play songs on my…
每当我这样做时,我都会在我的……上播放歌曲。
When I’m doing interview, I always play WAV files, I put them in.
当我做采访的时候,我总是播放WAV文件,我把它们放进去。
And it’s funny that when I interview a mixer, I interviewed this mixing engineer, Andy Wallace, and people comment, “Wow, the song sounded amazing.” And you go, “Well, not only are they great mixes that he did, but I’m using WAV files in there.” And people notice the, and these are WAV files from original encoding.
有趣的是,当我采访一位混音师时,我采访了这位混音工程师安迪·华莱士,人们评论道:“哇,这首歌听起来棒极了。”然后你会说,“嗯,他所做的混音不仅很棒,而且我在其中使用了 WAV 文件。”人们注意到了,这些是原始编码的 WAV 文件。
Not, not remastered things that Spotify keeps doing- …
不是,不是 Spotify 一直在做的事情的重制——……
and adding a bunch more top end and things like that.
并添加更多高端之类的东西。
That these are the-
这些是——
Oh, I see.
哦,我明白了。
…
……
2:14:00 these are actually the original WAV files from off the CD that I ripped…
这些实际上是我从 CD 上翻录的原始 WAV 文件……
20 years ago.
20年前。
What’s your current…
您目前的情况是……
2:14:09 And people are really curious about that, so what’s your current stack?
人们对此非常好奇,那么你目前的堆栈是什么?
What are the tools you use?
你使用什么工具?
What’s your DAW?
你的 DAW 是什么?
What’s the audio interface?
音频接口是什么?
What are the mics?
麦克风是什么?
So I use Pro Tools.
所以我使用 Pro Tools。
Pro Tools stuff.
Pro Tools 的东西。
For the most part, but I also use Logic- …
在大多数情况下,但我也使用逻辑-...
2:14:20 And Ableton.
还有阿伯尔顿。
I’ve got all those.
这些我都有了。
So you’re mostly on a Mac?
所以你大部分时间都在使用 Mac?
I’m only on a Mac.
我只使用 Mac。
Only on a Mac.
仅在 Mac 上。
Only on a Mac.
仅在 Mac 上。
I’m only the opposite.
我只是相反。
Although we have multiple PCs, ’cause my kids use PCs.
虽然我们有多台电脑,因为我的孩子使用电脑。
Yeah, just to rebel.
是的,就是为了反抗。
They do it for gaming.
他们这样做是为了玩游戏。
2:14:37 They like to game.
他们喜欢玩游戏。
Right, that’s true.
没错,确实如此。
2:14:38 But like in terms of editing, I hate how good Mac is-
但就像在编辑方面一样,我讨厌Mac有多好-
So good.
太好了。
…
……
2:14:46 at just integrating.
在刚刚整合。
The, the hardware and the software just work well together.
硬件和软件可以很好地协同工作。
Both on the video en-
两者都在视频中
If I didn’t have a Mac, honestly, I wouldn’t be talking to you right now.
老实说,如果我没有 Mac,我现在就不会和你说话。
2:14:50 Because I got a G3 that’s…
因为我有一辆 G3,那是……
So the only good thing that a major label did for me is when my band was on UMG and they bought me a G3 and an SM7 and Pro Tools Digi 001, the first prosumer Pro Tools thing.
所以一家大厂牌为我做的唯一一件好事就是当我的乐队在 UMG 上时,他们给我买了一台 G3、一台 SM7 和 Pro Tools Digi 001,这是第一款专业消费者 Pro Tools 的东西。
And I learned how to use Pro Tools, and that allowed me to learn how to edit video and become a record producer.
我学会了如何使用 Pro Tools,这让我能够学习如何编辑视频并成为一名唱片制作人。
So I gotta give it to Macs for that.
所以我必须把它交给Macs。
So Pro Tools, I mean, that’s still the standard.
所以 Pro Tools,我的意思是,这仍然是标准。
That’s kinda the industry standard, yeah.
是的,这有点行业标准。
I gotta ask you ’cause I know…
我必须问你,因为我知道……
2:15:27 I’ve never used Pro Tools.
我从未使用过 Pro Tools。
I’ve used…
我用过……
Again, I’m a caveman.
再说一遍,我是穴居人。
I’ve used REAPER, I’ve used Studio One, that’s the most recent that I’ve used that.
我用过 REAPER,用过 Studio One,这是我最近用过的。
And- …
还有——
for the most time I’ve used Ableton Live.
我大部分时间都使用 Ableton Live。
I feel like I’m using 1% of the power of the tool.
我感觉我只使用了该工具 1% 的力量。
Like, Ableton Live makes me feel like I’m literally just pressing the record button.
就像,Ableton Live 让我感觉就像我真的只是按下了录音按钮。
Ableton’s amazing.
Ableton 太棒了。
2:15:51 It really is.
确实如此。
It is.
这是。
2:15:53 But I feel like the…
但我觉得...
It, I mean, it’s designed for people that are doing like all kinds of MIDI stuff, and like looping and the—what is it?—the push buttons with the, with the beats.
我的意思是,它是为那些喜欢各种 MIDI 东西、喜欢循环以及——这是什么?——带有节拍的按钮的人而设计的。
And the, it’s, it’s…
还有那个,那个,那个……
I mean, I sound, I sound really out of touch.
我的意思是,我听起来,我听起来真的脱离了现实。
But it, it’s just the power is incredible.
但它,只是威力惊人。
Also, it’s, I think it’s not just for recording, it’s also for live performances.
另外,我觉得它不仅仅是为了录音,也为了现场表演。
So this is why Studio One has been a little bit nicer for me, because it’s simpler, made for recording more so.
这就是为什么 Studio One 对我来说更好一些,因为它更简单,更适合录音。
Any DAW that you get used to, Lex, that’s-
任何你习惯的 DAW,Lex,那就是——
Just use anything.
只要使用任何东西即可。
…
……
2:16:33 using it, yeah.
使用它,是的。
And, and- …
还有,还有——……
you have to become a master at the things.
你必须成为事物的大师。
If you wanna be a recording engineer or producer, you, you become an expert.
如果你想成为一名录音工程师或制作人,你就会成为专家。
A lot of the…
很多…
You know, Finneas and Billie Eilish, I think that they use Logic, that’s their DAW that they like to use.
你知道,Finneas 和 Billie Eilish,我认为他们使用 Logic,这是他们喜欢使用的 DAW。
And Logic, you know, a lot of pros use Logic.
还有逻辑,你知道,很多专业人士都使用逻辑。
You know, I fire up Logic every couple days and I use it for things.
你知道,我每隔几天就会启动 Logic,并用它来做事。
I have it on my laptop here and I have Pro Tools and Logic on my laptop.
我的笔记本电脑上有它,我的笔记本电脑上有 Pro Tools 和 Logic。
I use both.
我两者都用。
I use Pro Tools mostly though.
不过我主要使用 Pro Tools。
But Pro Tools, that’s where you feel at home?
但是 Pro Tools,这就是您感到宾至如归的地方吗?
Oh, yeah.
哦,是的。
2:17:03 I’m an expert in Pro Tools.
我是 Pro Tools 方面的专家。
Are you using any emulation?
您使用任何模拟器吗?
2:17:05 Any amp sims or it’s all real amps?
任何放大器模拟还是都是真实的放大器?
No, I use amp sims.
不,我使用放大器模拟卡。
2:17:12 On my laptop here when I travel and things like that, I use Neural DSP, which I just did a video at their headquarters in Helsinki.
当我旅行或类似的事情时,我会在我的笔记本电脑上使用 Neural DSP,我刚刚在他们位于赫尔辛基的总部制作了一个视频。
And their CEO, Doug Castro, is a friend of mine.
他们的首席执行官道格·卡斯特罗是我的朋友。
I actually talked to him today as a matter of fact.
事实上,我今天确实和他谈过。
And I have a Kemper amp sim, you know, a modeler.
我有一个 Kemper amp sim,你知道,一个建模器。
I have an Axe-Fx, I’ve got a Helix, I pretty much have all these things.
我有一个 Axe-Fx,我有一个 Helix,我几乎拥有所有这些东西。
But for me, I can…
但对于我来说,我可以……
I have 100 amps in my studio, so…
我的工作室里有 100 安培,所以……
And I have mics set up all the time, and cabinets, and stuff.
我一直都设置好麦克风、音箱等等。
Oh, what do you mean?
哦,你什么意思?
I have 100 amplifiers.
我有 100 个放大器。
2:17:47 Real amplifiers.
真正的放大器。
Real?
真实的?
2:17:49 Wait, sorry, 100?
等等,抱歉,100?
I have 100, yeah.
我有100个,是的。
2:17:52 About 100, maybe 95.
大约100个,也许95个。
How does one go get to that level?
一个人如何才能达到这一水平?
Collecting and being…
收集并成为……
2:18:01 I’ll be 64 in April, so-
到四月我就 64 岁了,所以——
So you just don’t let go?
所以你就是不放手?
I don’t let go, no.
我不放手,不。
Why would you get to 100?
为什么你会达到100?
2:18:08 Like is it, is it tone difference, the-
是这样吗,是语气不同吗,那个——
Yes, so everything-
是的,所以一切——
You know the tone difference?
你知道语气的区别吗?
…
……
2:18:13 does one thing really well.
确实把一件事做得很好。
And so it’d be like, okay, so I have this Marshall JCM800 that’s modded that does this one thing.
所以这就像是,好吧,所以我有这个经过改装的 Marshall JCM800,可以做这件事。
It’s got great mids and it’s good for this kind of a tune, so I will pull that out.
它的中频很棒,很适合这种曲子,所以我会把它拿出来。
Then it’s like, no, I need more of like a scooped metal sound that’s more like Metallica or Dream Theater or something, so, oh, I’m gonna pull out my Mesa/Boogie.
然后就好像,不,我需要更多像 Metallica 或 Dream Theater 之类的舀金属声音,所以,哦,我要拿出我的 Mesa/Boogie。
Or I need something that’s chimey that’s more like Brian May or like The Edge, I’m gonna pull out my Vox AC30.
或者我需要一些更像 Brian May 或 The Edge 的东西,我会拿出我的 Vox AC30。
So everything—and, and that’s why I have so many amps, because they all do…
所以一切——而且,这就是为什么我有这么多放大器,因为它们都是……
Every amp I have does one thing really well.
我拥有的每台放大器都在某件事上做得非常好。
If it doesn’t do it well, I get rid of it.
如果做得不好,我就会摆脱它。
And I’m down to 100.
而我已经降到100了。
Down to 100.
降至 100。
2:19:01 It’s only 100.
只有 100 个。
But it-
但它——
I can get by with probably 75.
我大概75就可以了。
Come on, but you, then you’re really running the risk of not having just the right amps.
来吧,但是你,那么你真的面临着没有合适的放大器的风险。
2:19:07 But you’re using emulation, so that’s great.
但你正在使用仿真,所以这很好。
I mean, and that…
我的意思是,那……
But there’s the other side of it which is the guitar.
但它还有另一面,那就是吉他。
I told you offline, I think having multiple guitars is cheating, but whatever.
我在线下告诉过你,我认为拥有多把吉他是作弊,但无论如何。
Nobody agrees with me on this.
在这一点上没有人同意我的观点。
I only have like one…
我只有一个这样的…
I do have some side pieces but one main…
我确实有一些副品,但有一个主要的……
The greatest gi-
最伟大的吉-
The Strat?
斯特拉特?
2:19:33 What do you play?
你玩什么?
The Strat, yeah.
斯特拉特,是的。
The Strat, yeah.
斯特拉特,是的。
American Strat.
美国战略。
2:19:34 I said I would never do this, but I was in a guitar store.
我说过我永远不会这样做,但我当时在一家吉他店。
I live next to a guitar store in Cambridge, and one day…
我住在剑桥的一家吉他店旁边,有一天……
I would always stop by, I don’t know why.
我总是会停下来,我不知道为什么。
I just to look at the guitars, and I don’t really know why exactly, just to be in the aura of these great instruments.
我只是为了看吉他,我真的不知道为什么,只是为了沉浸在这些伟大乐器的光环中。
And they brought in this American Strat that had these different shades of…
他们带来了这款具有不同色调的美国战略......
It was like a silver.
它就像一块银子。
And I just…
而我只是……
I’ve never had this feeling.
我从来没有过这种感觉。
They talk about love at first sight.
他们谈论一见钟情。
I just fell in love with the guitar.
我刚刚爱上了吉他。
Can you just speak to the kinda guitars you have and you love?
你能谈谈你拥有的、你喜欢的吉他吗?
I pretty much have…
我几乎有……
2:20:13 Mainly old school guitars, right?
主要是老式吉他,对吧?
So I have Gibsons, I have Fenders, I have PRS guitars.
所以我有 Gibsons、Fenders、PRS 吉他。
And then I have…
然后我有……
I have two Gibson acoustics.
我有两台 Gibson 音响。
I have a 1957 Country Western that I’ve had for probably 30 some odd years.
我有一辆 1957 年的乡村西部片,我已经买了大概 30 多年了。
It’s a great guitar.
这是一把很棒的吉他。
And I have a J-45 Gibson, and I have a Martin D-28.
我有一架 J-45 Gibson,还有一架 Martin D-28。
So I only have three nice acoustics.
所以我只有三个不错的音响效果。
And I have a Guild 12-string, and I have a Guild Nashville-tuned guitar.
我有一把 Guild 12 弦吉他,还有一把 Guild Nashville 调音吉他。
The low strings are up the octave, so the E, A, D and G are up the octave.
低音弦位于八度音阶上方,因此 E、A、D 和 G 位于八度音阶上方。
That’s Nashville tuning.
那是纳什维尔的调整。
Six-string though.
不过是六弦。
Like, basically what David Gilmour plays on Comfortably Numb in my video.
就像大卫·吉尔摩在我的视频中演奏的《舒适麻木》一样。
He plays a Nashville tune, but with one variation.
他演奏纳什维尔的曲调,但有一种变化。
The low E is up two octaves.
低音E升高两个八度。
So he demonstrates actually the…
所以他实际上展示了……
And this is how he wrote Comfortably Numb.
这就是他写《舒适麻木》的方式。
The, the chorus-
的、合唱团——
2:21:17 …
……
part of it was with this particular guitar that he’s playing in the video.
其中一部分是他在视频中演奏的这把特殊的吉他。
What can you say about, like, the different feels that the guitars, the acoustics have?
对于吉他和音响的不同感觉,你有什么想说的?
2:21:21 Like, how do you know which one to pull out?
就像,你怎么知道要拉出哪一个?
It depends on the kind of part that I’m playing.
这取决于我所扮演的角色类型。
2:21:31 If I want something with really tight midrange, with not, that doesn’t have a lot of low bass, this particular old Gibson that I have, the 57, I will pull that out.
如果我想要中音非常紧凑的东西,而不是没有太多低音的东西,我有这个特别的老吉布森,57,我会把它拿出来。
It’s got very balanced strings and like, you know, midrange.
它有非常平衡的琴弦和中音。
It doesn’t have a lot, it doesn’t have a booming bottom end, booming low E string- …
它没有太多东西,没有强劲的低音端,没有强劲的低音 E 弦——……
or anything or A string.
或任何东西或字符串。
So it depends on what kind of sound I’m looking for.
所以这取决于我想要什么样的声音。
If I’m-
如果我是——
So it’s more about sound versus feel?
所以更重要的是声音而不是感觉?
Yeah.
是的。
2:22:00 All my guitars play equally well.
我所有的吉他都演奏得同样好。
Okay.
好的。
I have them all set up to where they play well.
我已将它们全部设置到可以发挥出色的位置。
2:22:03 I have a signature Gibson guitar that I’ve had for five years now.
我有一把标志性的 Gibson 吉他,我已经用了五年了。
When you say Gibson, Gibson Les Paul?
当你说吉布森时,吉布森莱斯保罗?
Gibson.
吉布森。
2:22:15 It’s a double cut Les Paul Special.
这是一款双切 Les Paul Special。
Yeah, with P-90 pickups.
是的,有 P-90 皮卡。
I don’t know what double cut means, but it sounds impressive.
我不知道双切是什么意思,但听起来很令人印象深刻。
That means two cutouts.
这意味着两个切口。
2:22:22 Two, um-
两个,嗯-
Oh.
哦。
2:22:24 Cool.
凉爽的。
As opposed to a Les Paul that has one cut.
与具有一处切口的 Les Paul 不同。
2:22:25 So it’s a Les Paul Special that has two.
所以这是一款有两个的 Les Paul Special。
I have it over there.
我那儿有。
My signature guitar.
我的签名吉他。
That’s the- That’s the…
就是那个——就是那个……
2:22:32 All right, nice.
好吧,不错。
Yeah.
是的。
2:22:33 When you play this, you’re gonna be like, “Oh my God, this is butter.”
当你玩这个的时候,你会说,“天哪,这是黄油。”
Now, I’m again, I said it’s cheating.
现在我再说一遍,我说这是作弊。
2:22:37 I don’t-
我不-
And what amp do you play through?
你用什么放大器来演奏?
2:22:40 Do you play through an amp sim, or do you have…
你是通过放大器模拟来玩的,还是……
What do you have, like a-
你有什么,比如——
This is gonna be embar…
这将是禁止...
2:22:45 Yeah.
是的。
I use BIAS FX.
我使用 BIAS FX。
I’m sorry.
对不起。
Lex, I use amp sims too, so…
Lex,我也使用放大器模拟,所以......
2:22:50 I just got the new John Mayer Neural DSP plugin today that I have not tried out.
我今天刚拿到新的 John Mayer Neural DSP 插件,但我还没有尝试过。
He did a modeling of all his amplifiers that- …
他对所有放大器进行了建模——……
that Neural DSP did.
神经 DSP 做到了。
And it sounds great.
听起来很棒。
John played it, it sounds just like his amps.
约翰演奏了它,听起来就像他的扩音器一样。
Yeah, John is incredible.
是的,约翰太不可思议了。
John’s great.
约翰很棒。
I’ve been fortunate enough to have dinner with him two times.
我有幸和他共进过两次饭。
2:23:08 And outside of being an incredible musician, he’s also conversationally just-
除了是一位令人难以置信的音乐家之外,他在谈话中也只是——
Yes.
是的。
2:23:17 I’ve known John since he lived in Atlanta when he got signed, and I knew John from way back then, right in the early 2000s.
自从约翰在亚特兰大签约时我就认识他了,我从那时起就认识约翰了,就在 2000 年代初。
I think he doesn’t get enough credit.
我认为他没有得到足够的信任。
2:23:26 Like, he’s one of the greatest living guitarists-
就像,他是当今最伟大的吉他手之一——
He’s a fantastic guitar player.
他是一位出色的吉他手。
…
…
2:23:33 in the world.
在世界上。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
And a celebrator, if that’s a word, of great guitar playing.
还有一个庆祝者,如果这是一个词的话,那就是出色的吉他演奏。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
By way of advice, you started your YouTube channel in your mid-50s and found incredible success.
根据建议,您在 50 多岁的时候就开始了自己的 YouTube 频道,并取得了令人难以置信的成功。
2:23:40 You’ve had essentially multiple careers.
您基本上从事过多种职业。
Is there some wisdom you can extract from that?
你能从中汲取一些智慧吗?
So my theory is that somebody’s gotta be successful, so why can’t it be you?
所以我的理论是,总有人会成功,那为什么不能是你呢?
2:23:56 That was my…
那是我的……
When I started my channel, I mean, I didn’t start it to…
当我开始我的频道时,我的意思是,我开始它并不是为了……
It started by accident with the Dylan video.
它是从迪伦的视频偶然开始的。
And really, so many people reached out to me.
确实,很多人向我伸出援手。
I started it six months after that viral video.
在那段走红的视频六个月后我就开始了它。
So many people wrote to me, “Can you teach me this?” Pro musicians, well-known ones who you’d know.
很多人写信给我,“你能教我这个吗?”职业音乐家,您认识的知名人士。
“Can you teach me this?” I can’t teach you what Dylan did, but I can teach you relative pitch, develop your ear that way.
“你能教我这个吗?”我不能教你迪伦做了什么,但我可以教你相对音高,这样培养你的耳朵。
But then I had conservatories writing to me about this stuff from all over the world.
但后来有来自世界各地的音乐学院写信给我谈论这些东西。
“How did you teach Dylan this?” ‘Cause we made about four different videos, and they got more and more sophisticated.
“你是怎么教迪伦这个的?”因为我们制作了大约四个不同的视频,而且它们变得越来越复杂。
2:24:48 And so I thought, “Okay, I’ll make some YouTube videos and explain this stuff.” This is, that’s really why I started, so I didn’t have to keep…
所以我想,“好吧,我会制作一些 YouTube 视频并解释这些内容。”这就是我开始的真正原因,所以我不必保留……
I couldn’t answer the emails.
我无法回复电子邮件。
There were so many of them, so I just started making videos on how to train your ear and music theory.
它们太多了,所以我开始制作有关如何训练耳朵和音乐理论的视频。
And that’s really how I started my channel, and my wife was like, “What are you doing?” I said, “I’m making YouTube videos.” “Why?” So I don’t have to keep telling people how I did this stuff.
这就是我开始我的频道的方式,我的妻子说,“你在做什么?”我说:“我正在制作 YouTube 视频。” “为什么?”所以我不必一直告诉人们我是如何做到这一点的。
And then all of a sudden, you know, I had 4,000 subscribers the first month, another 4,000 then.
然后突然之间,你知道,第一个月我就有了 4,000 名订阅者,然后又增加了 4,000 名。
Hit 100,000 after a year, and then six months later, 200,000, then three months later, 300,000.
一年后达到 10 万,六个月后达到 20 万,三个月后达到 30 万。
So-
所以——
I think there’s one thing that should be said, that in modern culture for young people, a lot of them will see YouTube and TikTok and Instagram, and they kinda wanna be famous.
我认为有一件事应该说,在现代文化中,对于年轻人来说,他们中的很多人都会看到 YouTube、TikTok 和 Instagram,他们有点想出名。
2:25:26 They wanna get the clicks and the views and so on, and that’s the thing they chase and optimize.
他们想要获得点击量和浏览量等等,这就是他们追逐和优化的东西。
I think the thing that you’re leaving unstated perhaps is that you spent many years pursuing the mastery of a craft.
我认为你可能没有说出口的是你花了很多年的时间来追求对一门手艺的掌握。
And there’s a lot of value to getting good at something.
擅长某件事有很多价值。
Absolutely.
绝对地。
Offline.
离线。
2:26:00 You can actually reveal your journey online, but the thing you’re chasing is not fame.
你实际上可以在网上展示你的旅程,但你追求的不是名誉。
It’s getting good at s- something.
它在某些方面变得越来越擅长。
And I think actually what happens is even if the thing you get good at…
我认为实际上发生的情况是即使你擅长的事情......
is not the thing that you become famous for, if that’s the thing that ends up happening.
如果这就是最终发生的事情的话,那么这并不是让你出名的事情。
It’s still, like, getting good at one thing, kind of somehow relates to getting good at another thing.
它仍然是,擅长一件事,某种程度上与擅长另一件事有关。
Somehow they’ll lead you to get better at getting better at the next thing, at the next thing, and the next thing.
不知何故,它们会引导你在下一件事、下一件事、再下一件事上变得更好。
But if you’re just chasing fame and trying to figure out, “How do I do the viral thing?” or so on, it just seems to…
但如果你只是追求名气并试图弄清楚“我该如何做病毒式传播的事情?”或者诸如此类,似乎只是……
You might actually get there, but it’ll be unfulfilling and not long-lasting.
你可能真的到达了那里,但它不会令人满意,而且不会持久。
My theory of my channel has always been, make videos on things I’m interested in.
我对频道的理论一直是,制作我感兴趣的内容的视频。
2:26:47 And at first, I thought, “Oh, nobody’s going to watch an old white-haired guy on YouTube.” That was kind of my thing.
起初,我想,“哦,没有人会在 YouTube 上看一个白发老人。”那是我的事。
Well, that was not correct.
嗯,那是不正确的。
And then it’s like, “Well, just make videos on stuff I’m interested in.” It just so happens that other people are interested in the same things I’m interested in.
然后就像是,“好吧,就制作我感兴趣的东西的视频。”碰巧其他人也对我感兴趣的事情感兴趣。
And keep learning.
并不断学习。
And when I produced bands, I never let them take my picture, ever.
当我组建乐队时,我从来不让他们给我拍照,从来没有。
I never let them record me in the studio.
我从来没有让他们在录音室里给我录音。
There’s virtually no pictures of any band I ever produced.
几乎没有我制作过的任何乐队的照片。
So from 1999 to 2015 when that Dylan video came out, no one took my picture.
所以从 1999 年到 2015 年迪伦的视频发布时,没有人拍我的照片。
There were no pictures of me on the internet.
互联网上没有我的照片。
You’re fully behind the camera kind of guy-
你是那种完全在镜头后面的人——
Yes.
是的。
…
……
2:27:36 meaning, like, no…
意思是,比如,不……
No.
不。
2:27:37 No pictures.
没有图片。
No, no pictures with people.
不,没有与人合影。
“Hey, can we take a picture?” I said, “No.
“嘿,我们可以拍张照片吗?”我说:“不。”
No pictures with people.”
没有和人合影。”
And now you’re like…
现在你就像……
2:27:44 you’re the talent.
你就是人才。
You’re the face.
你就是脸。
No, I mean, but then again, the thing you’re leaving unstated there is like you spent a lot of years teaching music.
不,我的意思是,但话又说回来,你没有说出口的事情就像你花了很多年教音乐一样。
Like, really exploring music.
就像真正探索音乐一样。
Trying a music career of like, trying to create, trying to produce, trying to be a musician, and all these…
尝试类似的音乐事业,尝试创作,尝试制作,尝试成为一名音乐家,以及所有这些......
Not just trying.
不只是尝试。
Like, being a, getting extremely good at it.
就像,成为一个,变得非常擅长。
I just, I think in modern culture there’s a sense you want to skip that part.
我只是,我认为在现代文化中,有一种你想要跳过这一部分的感觉。
“I wanna be famous.
“我想出名。
I wanna…” You know this.
我想……”你知道这一点。
And that is a thing that’s not going to be in most cases effective as a primary thing to chase.
在大多数情况下,这并不是一个有效的主要追求目标。
So I have an undergrad in classical bass.
所以我有一个古典贝斯本科生。
2:28:31 I have a master’s from New England Conservatory in jazz guitar.
我拥有新英格兰音乐学院爵士吉他硕士学位。
Then I taught college for…
然后我在大学教书……
I taught jazz studies for five years- …
我教了五年爵士乐研究——……
from ’87- …
从 87 年开始-...
to ’92.
到’92。
Then I got a publishing deal, my first publishing deal, in 1992- …
然后我在 1992 年获得了一份出版协议,这是我的第一份出版协议——……
with PolyGram Publishing.
与宝丽金出版公司合作。
And then I became a producer when I was 37, having no idea how to engineer, I taught myself engineering.
然后我在 37 岁时成为了一名制作人,当时我不知道如何设计,所以我自学了工程学。
And then YouTube.
然后是 YouTube。
I taught myself how to edit videos.
我自学了如何编辑视频。
And then you taught yourself how to interview.
然后你自学了如何面试。
And I taught myself how to interview.
我自学了如何面试。
2:29:01 I’d never done an interview before.
我以前从未接受过采访。
I never was like, “An interviewer?
我从来没有说过,“面试官?
What?”
什么?
You haven’t just done that.
你还没有这样做。
2:29:05 You’ve taught yourself not how to do YouTube, but YouTube Shorts.
您自学的不是如何使用 YouTube,而是如何使用 YouTube Shorts。
Different-
不同——
Totally different thing
完全不同的事情
…
……
2:29:13 totally different thing.
完全不同的事情。
Totally different skill.
完全不同的技能。
And then not just YouTube, but like, how to be like a…
然后不仅仅是 YouTube,还有如何成为……
2:29:15 there’s a…
有一个……
’cause you’re both a YouTuber and like a musician who posts stuff on YouTube.
因为您既是 YouTuber,又像在 YouTube 上发布内容的音乐家。
YouTuber means like you’re thinking about stuff like thumbnails and…
YouTuber 意味着您正在考虑缩略图之类的东西......
Which I make my own thumbnails.
我自己制作缩略图。
2:29:31 I’ve always made my own thumbnails.
我总是制作自己的缩略图。
By the way, before I forget, I think I speak for the entirety of the internet thanking you for how you introduce your videos and how you close them.
顺便说一句,在我忘记之前,我想我代表整个互联网感谢您介绍视频和关闭视频的方式。
2:29:35 ‘Cause you, this is a big part of YouTube, where people have a 30-minute introduction to a five-minute video.
因为这是 YouTube 的重要组成部分,人们可以在 5 分钟的视频中看到 30 分钟的介绍。
You just go straight in.
你直接进去就可以了。
That’s really wonderful.
这真是太棒了。
That’s, I mean, on all fronts.
我的意思是,在所有方面。
I mean, I suppose that has to do with the production skills that you have, of understanding, cutting, cutting the fluff.
我的意思是,我想这与你所拥有的生产技能有关,比如理解、切割、切割绒毛。
To make a song.
制作一首歌。
Yep.
是的。
2:30:02 Yeah, cutting, cutting the fluff, cutting the bullshit.
是的,削减,削减绒毛,削减废话。
I’ll just get straight to the core of the thing.
我将直接进入事情的核心。
I’ve heard you talk about maintaining friendships for a long time.
我很久以来就听到你谈论维持友谊。
You said, “Never waste a friendship.” Can you elaborate on that?
你说:“永远不要浪费友谊。”你能详细说明一下吗?
Yeah.
是的。
2:30:15 That’s one of my things is that I really value the time I’ve spent with people—friendships and keeping in touch with people.
我的一件事是,我真的很珍惜与人相处的时间——友谊和与人保持联系。
I talk to each one of my siblings multiple times a week.
我每周与我的兄弟姐妹中的每个人交谈多次。
I talk to my sisters probably every night, my two sisters.
我可能每天晚上都会和我的姐妹们,我的两个姐妹们聊天。
I have friends from college, I got friends from growing up, I have friends from, you know, both colleges I went to.
我有大学里的朋友,我有成长过程中的朋友,我有来自我上过的两所大学的朋友。
I have friends from all different eras in my life that I keep in touch with and visit whenever I can, and…
我一生中都有来自不同时代的朋友,我会尽可能地与他们保持联系和拜访,而且……
And you must have met some incredible humans, and incredibly weird, and interesting humans throughout your life.
在你的一生中,你一定遇到过一些不可思议的人,以及非常奇怪、有趣的人。
2:30:46 So it’s worth it—the effort to connect and reconnect.
因此,建立和重新建立联系的努力是值得的。
I mean, it’s pretty much everything in life.
我的意思是,这几乎是生活中的一切。
2:30:59 Nothing means anything more than the friendships that you make in your family.
没有什么比你在家人中建立的友谊更重要的了。
Yeah, what’s the point of this whole thing, right?
是啊,这整件事有什么意义,对吧?
That’s right.
这是正确的。
What’s the role of music in the human experience?
音乐在人类体验中扮演什么角色?
Well, hopefully to enlighten people and to create the soundtrack of their life.
好吧,希望能够启发人们并创造他们生活的配乐。
It is, right?
是的,对吧?
2:31:20 Music does something.
音乐确实有作用。
I’ll get…
我会得到…
sometimes when I’m alone I’ll listen to a song, and there’s nothing quite like a song that makes me truly feel, like feel alive.
有时当我一个人的时候,我会听一首歌,没有什么比一首歌更能让我真正感受到,感觉自己还活着。
And whatever that is: sadness, or hope, or excitement.
不管那是什么:悲伤,希望,或兴奋。
Or when I’m working out, listening to Rage Against the Machine—like protest.
或者当我锻炼时,听《Rage Against the Machine》——类似抗议。
Or as I was listening to Metallica, I was re-listening to the set that they played in Moscow, just hyped.
或者当我在听 Metallica 的时候,我正在重新听他们在莫斯科演奏的那场演出,只是大肆宣传。
Like truly hyped.
就像真正的炒作一样。
I was like pacing listening to it.
我听着它就像踱步。
And there’s nothing like that.
没有那样的事情。
I’ve never found anything.
我从来没有找到任何东西。
And I don’t know what that is in the human psyche that’s that, but I’m so glad we found it.
我不知道人类心灵中的那是什么,但我很高兴我们找到了它。
2:32:06 We humans created instruments that can vibrate strings and together create harmonies and melodies, and ones that reverberate through generations and they carry that.
我们人类创造了可以振动琴弦并共同创造和声和旋律的乐器,这些乐器可以代代相传,并且它们承载着这些。
It’s one of the greatest things that humans ever did, creating music.
创造音乐是人类做过的最伟大的事情之一。
And all of that led up to you, some guy being listened to by millions of people on the internet.
所有这一切都导致了你,一个在互联网上被数百万人聆听的人。
2:32:31 This is all a simulation, Rick.
这都是模拟,瑞克。
And I’ve been a fan of yours for a long time, like I told you.
正如我告诉过你的,我很长时间以来都是你的粉丝。
This is crazy to meet you.
认识你真是太疯狂了。
Same, Lex.
同样,莱克斯。
Thank you for everything you do for the world, for celebrating music.
感谢您为世界、为音乐所做的一切。
2:32:49 For helping us discover and rediscover some of the incredible musicians and songs that have been created over the decades, over the centuries.
感谢帮助我们发现和重新发现几十年来、几个世纪以来创作的一些令人难以置信的音乐家和歌曲。
Thank you for being who you are and thank you for talking to me.
谢谢你做你自己,也谢谢你和我说话。
Thanks, I appreciate it.
谢谢,我很感激。
Thanks for listening to this conversation with Rick Beato.
感谢您收听与 Rick Beato 的对话。
2:33:09 To support this podcast, please check out our sponsors in the description where you can also find links to contact me, ask questions, give feedback, and so on.
为了支持这个播客,请在描述中查看我们的赞助商,您还可以在其中找到联系我、提出问题、提供反馈等的链接。
And now, let me leave you with some words from Friedrich Nietzsche, as I often do.
现在,就像我经常做的那样,让我向你们介绍弗里德里希·尼采的一些话。
“Without music, life would be a mistake.” Thank you for listening, and I hope to see you next time.
“如果没有音乐,生活将是一个错误。”感谢您的聆听,希望下次再见。
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